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Bahreiny SS, Ahangarpour A, Saki N, Dabbagh MR, Ebrahimi R, Mahdizade AH, Ghorbani H, Aghaei M. Association of Free Radical Product and Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Reprod Sci 2024; 31:1486-1495. [PMID: 38212583 DOI: 10.1007/s43032-023-01447-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is an endocrine disorder that primarily affects women of reproductive age. It is recognized as the leading cause of infertility due to anovulation. This research aims to evaluate the diagnostic potential of oxidative stress biomarkers, including advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP), malondialdehyde (MDA), uric acid (UA), and nitric oxide (NO), in identifying PCOS. METHODS A literature search was conducted in the EMBASE, PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Scopus databases. The standardized mean difference (SMD) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were employed to assess the correlation between free radical product and PCOS. Moreover, the presence of heterogeneity among the studies was assessed utilizing the I2 statistic and Cochran Q test. The methodological rigor of the incorporated studies was assessed through the application of the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Furthermore, the presence of publication bias was determined via Begg and Egger tests. RESULTS This meta-analysis reviewed 38 observational studies, including 17,845 women. The results revealed a significant association between PCOS in women and alterations in free radical levels. The study revealed that the PCOS group had significantly higher levels of AOPP (SMD = 3.193; 95% CI, 2.86 to 3.25), UA (SMD = 0.68; 95% CI, 0.24 to 1.13), and MDA (SMD = 1.16; 95% CI, 0.77 to 1.56) compared to the healthy control group. Furthermore, the analysis found a significantly lower level of NO (SMD = (- 0.59); 95% CI, - 1.15 to - 0.03) in the PCOS patient. CONCLUSION Screening of specific biomarkers associated with free radical products could provide valuable benefits in the prognosis and diagnosis of PCOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyed Sobhan Bahreiny
- Student Research Committee, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
- Medical Basic Sciences Research Institute, Physiology Research Center, Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Akram Ahangarpour
- Student Research Committee, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
- Medical Basic Sciences Research Institute, Physiology Research Center, Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Najmaldin Saki
- Thalassemia & Hemoglobinopathy Research Center, Health Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Dabbagh
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Reza Ebrahimi
- Faculty of Biological Science and Technology, Department of Cell and Molecular Biology & Microbiology, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Amir Hossein Mahdizade
- Student Research Committee, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Hamid Ghorbani
- Student Research Committee, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Mojtaba Aghaei
- Student Research Committee, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
- Thalassemia & Hemoglobinopathy Research Center, Health Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
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Sallicandro L, Gliozheni E, Feudi D, Sabbatini P, Pellegrino RM, Alabed HBR, Baldini D, Gerli S, Alviggi C, Cascardi E, Cicinelli E, Malvasi A, Fioretti B. Increased Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide (VIP) in polycystic ovary syndrome patients undergoing IVF. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2024; 15:1331282. [PMID: 38774232 PMCID: PMC11106456 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1331282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 05/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common multifactorial and polygenic disorder of the endocrine system, affecting up to 20% of women in reproductive age with a still unknown etiology. Follicular fluid (FF) represents an environment for the normal development of follicles rich in metabolites, hormones and neurotransmitters, but in some instances of PCOS the composition can be different. Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) is an endogenous autonomic neuropeptide involved in follicular atresia, granulosa cell physiology and steroidogenesis. Methods ELISA assays were performed to measure VIP and estradiol levels in human follicular fluids, while AMH, FSH, LH, estradiol and progesterone in the plasma were quantified by chemiluminescence. UHPLC/QTOF was used to perform the untargeted metabolomic analysis. Results Our ELISA and metabolomic results show: i) an increased concentration of VIP in follicular fluid of PCOS patients (n=9) of about 30% with respect to control group (n=10) (132 ± 28 pg/ml versus 103 ± 26 pg/ml, p=0,03) in women undergoing in vitro fertilization (IVF), ii) a linear positive correlation (p=0.05, r=0.45) between VIP concentration and serum Anti-Müllerian Hormone (AMH) concentration and iii) a linear negative correlation between VIP and noradrenaline metabolism. No correlation between VIP and estradiol (E2) concentration in follicular fluid was found. A negative correlation was found between VIP and noradrenaline metabolite 3,4-dihydroxyphenylglycolaldehyde (DOPGAL) in follicular fluids. Conclusion VIP concentration in follicular fluids was increased in PCOS patients and a correlation was found with noradrenaline metabolism indicating a possible dysregulation of the sympathetic reflex in the ovarian follicles. The functional role of VIP as noradrenergic modulator in ovarian physiology and PCOS pathophysiology was discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luana Sallicandro
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnologies, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Perugia Medical School, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Elko Gliozheni
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnologies, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Perugia Medical School, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Davide Feudi
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnologies, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Paola Sabbatini
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Perugia Medical School, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | | | - Husam B. R. Alabed
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnologies, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Domenico Baldini
- In Vitro Fertilization (IVF) Center, Momo Fertilife, Bisceglie, Italy
| | - Sandro Gerli
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Perugia Medical School, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Centre of Perinatal and Reproductive Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Carlo Alviggi
- Department of Clinical Gynecological Emergency, Obstetrics and Reproductive Medicine, University Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Eliano Cascardi
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Ettore Cicinelli
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine (DIM), University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Bari, Italy
| | - Antonio Malvasi
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine (DIM), University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Bari, Italy
| | - Bernard Fioretti
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnologies, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Centre of Perinatal and Reproductive Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
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Sharma P, Senapati S, Goyal LD, Kaur B, Kamra P, Khetarpal P. Genome-wide association study (GWAS) identified PCOS susceptibility variants and replicates reported risk variants. Arch Gynecol Obstet 2024; 309:2009-2019. [PMID: 38421422 DOI: 10.1007/s00404-024-07400-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Genetic predisposition and environmental factors are considered risk factors for polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have been reported from various subpopulations to evaluate SNPs associated with PCOS risk. No PCOS-associated GWAS study has been reported from India so far. PURPOSE The current study was conducted to identify the PCOS-susceptible loci among the North Indian population and to validate the significant loci reported by previous GWAS studies. METHODS A total of 272 participants with 134 PCOS patients and 138 age-matched healthy controls were recruited. Genomic DNA was isolated and genotyped by using Infinium Global Screening Array v3.0 microchip considering HWE 10e-5 statistically significant. RESULTS A total of fifteen markers have been identified as candidate PCOS risk factors. Only two SNPs, namely rs17186366 and rs11171739 have been identified through replication analysis while comparing the previously reported PCOS GWAS data. In-silico analysis was performed to study the functional impact of identified significant genes for gene ontology, pathways related to gene set, and cluster analysis to determine protein-protein interaction among genes or gene products. CONCLUSION The study suggests that multiple variants play an important role in PCOS pathogenesis and emphasizes the importance of further genetic studies among Indian subpopulations. The study also validates two previously reported SNPs in the Indian population. What this study adds to clinical work Study summarizes the importance of candidate gene markers validated by replication and in-silico functional study, significantly involved in PCOS pathogenesis in the studied population. These markers can be used in the future as diagnostic markers for clinical phenotype identification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priya Sharma
- Laboratory for Reproductive and Developmental Disorders, Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Medicine, School of Health Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, 151401, India
| | - Sabyasachi Senapati
- Laboratory of Immunogenomics, Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Medicine, School of Health Science, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, 151401, India
| | - Lajya Devi Goyal
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, AIIMS, Bathinda, 151001, India
| | - Balpreet Kaur
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, AIIMS, Bathinda, 151001, India
| | - Pooja Kamra
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Kamra Hospital, Malout, 152107, India
| | - Preeti Khetarpal
- Laboratory for Reproductive and Developmental Disorders, Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Medicine, School of Health Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, 151401, India.
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Wang L, Luo M, Yu X, Li R, Ye F, Xiong D, Gong Y, Zheng M, Liu W, Zeng J. Assessing the clinical diagnostic value of anti-Müllerian hormone in polycystic ovarian syndrome and its correlation with clinical and metabolism indicators. J Ovarian Res 2024; 17:78. [PMID: 38600539 PMCID: PMC11005241 DOI: 10.1186/s13048-024-01405-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study investigated the association between Anti-Müllerian Hormone (AMH) and relevant metabolic parameters and assessed its predictive value in the clinical diagnosis of polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS). METHODS A total of 421 women aged 20-37 years were allocated to the PCOS (n = 168) and control (n = 253) groups, and their metabolic and hormonal parameters were compared. Spearman correlation analysis was conducted to investigate associations, binary logistic regression was used to determine PCOS risk factors, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were generated to evaluate the predictive value of AMH in diagnosing PCOS. RESULTS The PCOS group demonstrated significantly higher blood lipid, luteinizing hormone (LH), and AMH levels than the control group. Glucose and lipid metabolism and hormonal disorders in the PCOS group were more significant than in the control group among individuals with and without obesity. LH, TSTO, and AMH were identified as independent risk factors for PCOS. AMH along with LH, and antral follicle count demonstrated a high predictive value for diagnosing PCOS. CONCLUSION AMH exhibited robust diagnostic use for identifying PCOS and could be considered a marker for screening PCOS to improve PCOS diagnostic accuracy. Attention should be paid to the effect of glucose and lipid metabolism on the hormonal and related parameters of PCOS populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Wang
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Sichuan Provincial Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, The Affiliated Women's and Children's Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610045, China
| | - Mengjun Luo
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, School of Medicine, Chengdu Women's and Children's Central Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611731, China
| | - Xiaoyu Yu
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Sichuan Provincial Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, The Affiliated Women's and Children's Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610045, China
| | - Rong Li
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Sichuan Provincial Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, The Affiliated Women's and Children's Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610045, China
| | - Fei Ye
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Sichuan Provincial Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, The Affiliated Women's and Children's Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610045, China
| | - Dongsheng Xiong
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Sichuan Provincial Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, The Affiliated Women's and Children's Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610045, China
| | - Yan Gong
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Sichuan Provincial Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, The Affiliated Women's and Children's Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610045, China
| | - Mingyue Zheng
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Sichuan Provincial Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, The Affiliated Women's and Children's Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610045, China
| | - Weixin Liu
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Sichuan Provincial Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, The Affiliated Women's and Children's Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610045, China.
| | - Jiuzhi Zeng
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Sichuan Provincial Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, The Affiliated Women's and Children's Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610045, China.
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Komorowski AS, Hughes L, Sarkar P, Aaby DA, Kumar A, Kalra B, Legro RS, Boots CE. Antimüllerian hormone level predicts ovulation in women with polycystic ovary syndrome treated with clomiphene and metformin. Fertil Steril 2024; 121:660-668. [PMID: 38154770 PMCID: PMC10978249 DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2023.12.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To describe the serum anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) concentrations in a large, well-phenotyped cohort of women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and evaluate whether AMH predicts successful ovulation induction in women treated with clomiphene and metformin. DESIGN Secondary analysis of randomized controlled trial. SETTING Not applicable. PATIENT(S) A total of 333 women with anovulatory infertility attributed to PCOS who participated in the double-blind randomized trial entitled the Pregnancy in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome I (PPCOS I) study (registration number, NCT00068861) who had serum samples from baseline laboratory testing available for further serum analysis were studied. INTERVENTION(S) Not applicable. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S) The association between the baseline AMH levels in each of the 3 treatment groups and ovulation, pregnancy, and live birth rates were assessed. RESULT(S) A total of 322 individuals had a baseline AMH concentration available, of which the mean AMH was 11.7 ± 8.3 ng/mL (range 0.1-43.0 ng/mL). With each unit (1 ng/mL) increase in baseline AMH, the odds of ovulation decreased by 10% (odds ratio, 0.90; 95% confidence interval, 0.86-0.93); this effect did not differ by treatment group. Women with a high baseline AMH concentration (>8 ng/mL) were significantly less likely to ovulate compared with those with a normal baseline AMH concentration (<4 ng/mL) (odds ratio, 0.23; 95% confidence interval, 0.05-0.68). This remained statistically significant when controlling for confounders, including age, body mass index, time in study, and Homeostatic Model Assessment for Insulin Resistance score. Ovulation occurred even at very high AMH concentrations; there was no maximum level noted at which no ovulation events occurred. Baseline AMH concentration was not associated with pregnancy or live birth rates when controlling for confounders. CONCLUSION(S) These AMH values in well-phenotyped individuals with PCOS add to the literature and will aid in identifying AMH criteria for the diagnosis of PCOS. In women with infertility and PCOS, a higher AMH concentration was associated with reduced odds of ovulation with ovulation induction with clomiphene, clomiphene + metformin, and metformin. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER The original trial from which this analysis is derived was entitled "Pregnancy in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A 30 Week Double-Blind Randomized Trial of Clomiphene Citrate, Metformin XR, and Combined Clomiphene Citrate/Metformin XR For the Treatment of Infertility in Women With Polycystic Ovary Syndrome" and was registered on ClinicalTrials.gov as number NCT00068861. The URL for the trial is https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT00068861. The first subject was enrolled in November 2002.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allison S Komorowski
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois.
| | - Lydia Hughes
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Prottusha Sarkar
- Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
| | - David A Aaby
- Department of Preventative Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
| | | | | | - Richard S Legro
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Penn State Health, Hershey, Pennsylvania
| | - Christina E Boots
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
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Sharma P, Kumar Singh A, Senapati S, Singh Kapoor H, Devi Goyal L, Kaur B, Kamra P, Khetarpal P. Genetic Variants of Steroidogenesis and Gonadotropin Pathways and Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Susceptibility: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Metab Syndr Relat Disord 2024; 22:15-26. [PMID: 37878274 DOI: 10.1089/met.2023.0127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Genetic variants are predisposing factors to polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), a multifactorial condition that often gets triggered due to various environmental factors. The study investigates the association of the variants of genes that are involved in the steroidogenesis pathway or gonadotropin pathway with the risk of PCOS. Appropriate keywords for predetermined genes were used to search in PubMed, Google Scholar, Science Direct, and Central Cochrane Library up to January 11, 2023. PROSPERO (CRD42022275425). Inclusion criteria: (a) case-control study; (b) genotype or allelic data. Exclusion criteria were: (a) duplicate studies; (b) clinical trials, systematic reviews, meta-analysis or conference abstract, case reports; (c) other than the English language; (d) having insufficient data; e) genetic variants for which meta-analysis has been reported recently and does not have a scope of the update. Various genetic models were applied as per data availability. Overall 12 variants of 7 genes were selected for the analysis. Relevant data were extracted from 47 studies which include 10,584 PCOS subjects and 16,150 healthy controls. Meta-analysis indicates a significant association between TOX3 rs4784165 [ORs = 1.08, 95% CI (1.00-1.16)], HMGA2 rs2272046 [ORs = 2.73, 95% CI (1.97-3.78)], YAP1 rs1894116 [OR = 1.22, 95% CI (1.13-1.33)] and increased risk of PCOS. Whereas FSHR rs2268361 [ORs = 0.84, 95% CI (0.78-0.89)] is associated with decreased PCOS risk. When sensitivity analysis was carried out, the association became significant for CYP19 rs700519 and FSHR rs6165 under an additive model. In addition, C9Orf3 rs3802457 became significantly associated with decreased PCOS risk with the removal of one study. Insignificant association was observed for CYP19A (rs2470152), FSHR (rs2349415, rs6166), C9Orf3 (rs4385527), GnRH1 (rs6185) and risk of PCOS. Our findings suggest association of CYP19A (rs700519), TOX3 (rs4784165), HMGA2 (rs2272046), FSHR (rs6165, rs2268361), C9orf3 (rs3802457), and YAP1 (rs1894116) with risk for PCOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priya Sharma
- Laboratory for Reproductive and Developmental Disorders, Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Medicine, School of Health Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, India
| | - Abhilash Kumar Singh
- Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Medicine, School of Health Science, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, India
| | - Sabyasachi Senapati
- Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Medicine, School of Health Science, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, India
| | | | - Lajya Devi Goyal
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, AIIMS, Bathinda, India
| | - Balpreet Kaur
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, AIIMS, Bathinda, India
| | - Pooja Kamra
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Kamra Hospital, Malout, India
| | - Preeti Khetarpal
- Laboratory for Reproductive and Developmental Disorders, Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Medicine, School of Health Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, India
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Wang M, Tong J, Zhu Q, Tang H, Tang L. Blood nesfatin-1 levels in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2024; 14:1275753. [PMID: 38327900 PMCID: PMC10847586 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1275753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Previous studies have investigated the relationship between nesfatin-1 level and polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). However, these studies have produced conflicting results. Thus, in this meta-analysis, we aimed to clarify the association between blood nesfatin-1 levels and PCOS, and the ability of nesfatin-1 as a biomarker in PCOS. Methods Meta-analysis was performed using STATA 12.0 software. We computed standard mean difference (SMD) and 95% confidence interval (CI) regarding the comparison of blood nesfatin-1 in patients with PCOS and controls. Results The present meta-analysis showed no significant difference in blood nesfatin-1 level between patients with PCOS and controls with a random effects model (SMD = 0.03; 95%CI: -0.71, 0.77; I2 = 97.1%, p value for Q test < 0.001). Subgroup analysis for different ethnicities reported no significant difference in blood nesfatin-1 level between patients with PCOS and controls in both Caucasian and Asian populations. Subgroup analysis for different sample types reported no significant difference in serum nesfatin-1 level between patients with PCOS and controls. Subgroup studies reported no significant difference in blood nesfatin-1 level between PCOS and controls in both obese and non-obese populations. Conclusion In conclusion, there is no significant relationship between blood nesfatin-1 levels and PCOS.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Lisha Tang
- *Correspondence: Lisha Tang, ; Huaiyun Tang,
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Chen LJ, Liu Y, Zhang L, Li JY, Xiong WQ, Li T, Ding H, Li BJ. Sequential 2.5 mg letrozole/FSH therapy is more effective for promoting pregnancy in infertile women with PCOS: a pragmatic randomized controlled trial. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2024; 14:1294339. [PMID: 38283747 PMCID: PMC10811237 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1294339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Study question In infertile women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), is the sequential use of letrozole 2.5 mg/follicle stimulating hormone(FSH) more effective than letrozole 5 mg/FSH in stimulating ovulation and promoting pregnancy? Research design and methods The study was designed as a prospective, single-center, randomized, controlled pragmatic clinical trial. 220 infertile women between the ages of 20 and 40, who matched the Rotterdam criteria for PCOS and had no other identified reasons for infertility were enrolled from April 2023 to July 2023.The participants were randomly assigned to two groups in a 1:1 ratio. One group received 2.5 mg of letrozole on cycle days 3-7 with a sequential injection of 75 IU FSH on cycle days 8-10 (n = 110), while the other group received 5 mg of letrozole on cycle days 3-7 with a sequential injection of 75 IU FSH on cycle days 8-10 (n = 110). The duration of FSH treatment varied depending on the follicular development stage. Each participant underwent one to three treatment cycles until achieving pregnancy.The primary outcome was the cumulative pregnancy rate of all the participants. Secondary outcomes included characteristics and clinical pregnancy rates of all the intervention cycles. Results For all 220 participants, the sequential letrozole 2.5 mg/FSH treatment group had a significantly higher cumulative pregnancy rate compared to the letrozole 5 mg/FSH treatment group (72.7% versus 59.1%, RR (95%CI) = 1.23 (1.02, 1.49), P-value = 0.033). For all 468 intervention cycles, letrozole 2.5 mg/FSH group had a significantly higher clinical pregnancy rate than the letrozole 5 mg/FSH group (36.2% versus 26.3%, P-value = 0.021), no statistically significant differences were observed in ovulation rates or adverse effects. Conclusions The data indicate that the sequential letrozole 2.5mg/FSH protocol may be more effective than the sequential letrozole 5mg/FSH protocol for promoting pregnancy in infertile women with PCOS. Clinical trial registration www.chictr.org.cn, identifier ChiCTR2300069638.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Juan Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yi Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Ling Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Jing-Yi Li
- Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Wen-Qian Xiong
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Tao Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Hui Ding
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Bing-Jie Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
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Cirone D, Berbrier DE, Gibbs JC, Usselman CW. Health-related physical fitness in women with polycystic ovary syndrome versus controls: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Arch Gynecol Obstet 2024; 309:17-36. [PMID: 36920532 DOI: 10.1007/s00404-023-07004-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrinopathy associated with cardiometabolic dysfunction. PURPOSE (1) To compare HRPF indices, including cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF), muscle strength, and muscle endurance, between women with and without PCOS (i.e., controls). (2) To explore the impact of moderating factors, i.e., insulin sensitivity, androgen levels, physical activity levels, and body mass index, on these indices. METHODS Articles comparing HRPF between PCOS and control groups were identified until February 27th, 2022. Random-effects meta-analyses were conducted and moderating factors were explored with subgroup and meta-regression analyses. RESULTS Twenty studies were included. Compared to controls, CRF was lower in women with PCOS (n = 15, - 0.70 [- 1.35, - 0.05], P = 0.03, I2 = 95%). Meta-regression analyses demonstrated that fasting insulin (P = 0.004) and homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (P = 0.006) were negatively associated with CRF, while sex-hormone binding globulin levels (P = 0.003) were positively associated. Absolute muscle strength was not different between PCOS and controls (n = 7, 0.17 [- 0.10, 0.45], P = 0.22, I2 = 37%). One study evaluated muscle endurance and reported lower core endurance in PCOS subjects compared to controls. CONCLUSION These data suggest that PCOS may be associated with impaired CRF. It remains unclear whether muscle strength and endurance differ between women with PCOS and controls. As this data set was limited by a small sample size, potential for bias, and inconsistent findings, additional studies accounting for the heterogeneous presentation of PCOS as well as improved matching between PCOS and controls for characteristics known to affect HRPF would help elucidate the impact of PCOS on indices of HRPF. PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER CRD42020196380.
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Affiliation(s)
- Domenica Cirone
- Cardiovascular Health and Autonomic Regulation Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology and Physical Education, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Danielle E Berbrier
- Cardiovascular Health and Autonomic Regulation Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology and Physical Education, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Jenna C Gibbs
- Department of Kinesiology and Physical Education, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Charlotte W Usselman
- Cardiovascular Health and Autonomic Regulation Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology and Physical Education, McGill University, Montreal, Canada.
- McGill Research Centre for Physical Activity and Health, McGill University, Montreal, Canada.
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10
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Gao L, Zhao Y, Wu H, Lin X, Guo F, Li J, Long Y, Zhou B, She J, Zhang C, Sheng J, Jin L, Wu Y, Huang H. Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Fuels Cardiovascular Inflammation and Aggravates Ischemic Cardiac Injury. Circulation 2023; 148:1958-1973. [PMID: 37937441 PMCID: PMC10713005 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.123.065827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Reducing cardiovascular disease burden among women remains challenging. Epidemiologic studies have indicated that polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), the most common endocrine disease in women of reproductive age, is associated with an increased prevalence and extent of coronary artery disease. However, the mechanism through which PCOS affects cardiac health in women remains unclear. METHODS Prenatal anti-Müllerian hormone treatment or peripubertal letrozole infusion was used to establish mouse models of PCOS. RNA sequencing was performed to determine global transcriptomic changes in the hearts of PCOS mice. Flow cytometry and immunofluorescence staining were performed to detect myocardial macrophage accumulation in multiple PCOS models. Parabiosis models, cell-tracking experiments, and in vivo gene silencing approaches were used to explore the mechanisms underlying increased macrophage infiltration in PCOS mouse hearts. Permanent coronary ligation was performed to establish myocardial infarction (MI). Histologic analysis and small-animal imaging modalities (eg, magnetic resonance imaging and echocardiography) were performed to evaluate the effects of PCOS on injury after MI. Women with PCOS and control participants (n=200) were recruited to confirm findings observed in animal models. RESULTS Transcriptomic profiling and immunostaining revealed that hearts from PCOS mice were characterized by increased macrophage accumulation. Parabiosis studies revealed that monocyte-derived macrophages were significantly increased in the hearts of PCOS mice because of enhanced circulating Ly6C+ monocyte supply. Compared with control mice, PCOS mice showed a significant increase in splenic Ly6C+ monocyte output, associated with elevated hematopoietic progenitors in the spleen and sympathetic tone. Plasma norepinephrine (a sympathetic neurotransmitter) levels and spleen size were consistently increased in women with PCOS when compared with those in control participants, and norepinephrine levels were significantly correlated with circulating CD14++CD16- monocyte counts. Compared with animals without PCOS, PCOS animals showed significantly exacerbated atherosclerotic plaque development and post-MI cardiac remodeling. Conditional Vcam1 silencing in PCOS mice significantly suppressed cardiac inflammation and improved cardiac injury after MI. CONCLUSIONS Our data documented previously unrecognized mechanisms through which PCOS could affect cardiovascular health in women. PCOS may promote myocardial macrophage accumulation and post-MI cardiac remodeling because of augmented splenic myelopoiesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Gao
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Institute of Reproduction and Development, Fudan University, Shanghai, China (L.G., X.L., F.G., J.L., Y.L., B.Z., C.Z., L.J., Y.W., H.H.)
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Genetics (Ministry of Education), Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China (L.G., H.W., J. She, H.H.)
| | - Yichao Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China (Y.Z.)
| | - Haiyan Wu
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Genetics (Ministry of Education), Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China (L.G., H.W., J. She, H.H.)
| | - Xianhua Lin
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Institute of Reproduction and Development, Fudan University, Shanghai, China (L.G., X.L., F.G., J.L., Y.L., B.Z., C.Z., L.J., Y.W., H.H.)
| | - Fei Guo
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Institute of Reproduction and Development, Fudan University, Shanghai, China (L.G., X.L., F.G., J.L., Y.L., B.Z., C.Z., L.J., Y.W., H.H.)
| | - Jie Li
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Institute of Reproduction and Development, Fudan University, Shanghai, China (L.G., X.L., F.G., J.L., Y.L., B.Z., C.Z., L.J., Y.W., H.H.)
| | - Yuhang Long
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Institute of Reproduction and Development, Fudan University, Shanghai, China (L.G., X.L., F.G., J.L., Y.L., B.Z., C.Z., L.J., Y.W., H.H.)
| | - Bokang Zhou
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Institute of Reproduction and Development, Fudan University, Shanghai, China (L.G., X.L., F.G., J.L., Y.L., B.Z., C.Z., L.J., Y.W., H.H.)
| | - Junsen She
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Genetics (Ministry of Education), Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China (L.G., H.W., J. She, H.H.)
| | - Chen Zhang
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Institute of Reproduction and Development, Fudan University, Shanghai, China (L.G., X.L., F.G., J.L., Y.L., B.Z., C.Z., L.J., Y.W., H.H.)
| | - Jianzhong Sheng
- International Institutes of Medicine, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Yiwu, China (J. Sheng, H.H.)
| | - Li Jin
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Institute of Reproduction and Development, Fudan University, Shanghai, China (L.G., X.L., F.G., J.L., Y.L., B.Z., C.Z., L.J., Y.W., H.H.)
- Research Units of Embryo Original Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (No. 2019RU056), Shanghai, China (L.J., Y.W., H.H.)
| | - Yanting Wu
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Institute of Reproduction and Development, Fudan University, Shanghai, China (L.G., X.L., F.G., J.L., Y.L., B.Z., C.Z., L.J., Y.W., H.H.)
- Research Units of Embryo Original Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (No. 2019RU056), Shanghai, China (L.J., Y.W., H.H.)
| | - Hefeng Huang
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Institute of Reproduction and Development, Fudan University, Shanghai, China (L.G., X.L., F.G., J.L., Y.L., B.Z., C.Z., L.J., Y.W., H.H.)
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Genetics (Ministry of Education), Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China (L.G., H.W., J. She, H.H.)
- International Institutes of Medicine, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Yiwu, China (J. Sheng, H.H.)
- Research Units of Embryo Original Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (No. 2019RU056), Shanghai, China (L.J., Y.W., H.H.)
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China (H.H.)
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11
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ÇATAL A, KOVALAK EE. Evaluation of sestrin 2 and tribbles homolog 3 levels in obese and nonobese women with polycystic ovary syndrome. Turk J Med Sci 2023; 53:1697-1703. [PMID: 38813505 PMCID: PMC10760568 DOI: 10.55730/1300-0144.5738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Revised: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Background/aim This study was designed to evaluate the relationship of two new biomarkers [tribbles homolog 3 (TRB3) and sestrin 2 levels], which were previously associated with obesity, with metabolic parameters in obese and nonobese women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Materials and methods This cross-sectional case control study was conducted between September 2017 and August 2019 in the gynecology department of a tertiary referral hospital. The values of the plasma sestrin 2, TRB3, insulin, fasting plasma glucose, lipid profile, and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) were compared in 90 obese women with PCOS (BMI > 30), 90 women with nonobese PCOS (BMI < 30), and 90 control patients (BMI < 30). Results The mean age of the study group consisting of all PCOS patients (26.11 ± 4.64 years) and the mean age of the control group (26.3 ± 4.4 years) were statistically similar (p = 0.239). The serum sestrin 2 values of the obese PCOS group were found to be statistically significantly lower than the control and non-obese PCOS groups (p = 0.001, p = 0.0001), while the sestrin 2 values of the nonobese PCOS group were found to be statistically significantly lower than the control group (p = 0.0001). The TRB3 values of the control group were found to be statistically significantly lower than the obese and nonobese PCOS groups (p = 0.0001), while the TRB3 values of the nonobese PCOS group were found to be statistically significantly lower than the obese PCOS group (p = 0.0001). A negative correlation was observed between the sestrin 2 level and BMI (r = -0.272 p = 0.0001), insulin (r = -0.261 p = 0.0001), and HOMA-IR levels (r = -0.250 p = 0.0001). A positive correlation was observed between the TRB3 values and TG (r = 0.248 p = 0.0001), and LDL-C values (r = 0.235 p = 0.0001). Conclusion According to the findings in this study, low sestrin 2 and high TRB3 levels may be related to impaired metabolic status in the obese PCOS group. Thus, it may be promising for the development of treatment of PCOS and associated metabolic disorder in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayşegül ÇATAL
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, University of Health Sciences, Bağcılar Training and Research Hospital, İstanbul,
Turkiye
| | - Evrim Ebru KOVALAK
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Health Sciences, Bağcılar Training and Research Hospital, İstanbul,
Turkiye
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12
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Sobhan Bahreiny S, Ahangarpour A, Asghar Hemmati A, Kazemzadeh R, Bastani MN, Reza Dabbagh M, Aghaei M. Circulating nesfatin-1 levels in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Int J Reprod Biomed 2023; 21:777-788. [PMID: 38077942 PMCID: PMC10698355 DOI: 10.18502/ijrm.v21i10.14533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Revised: 05/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 03/13/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a prevalent endocrine disorder in females. Nesfatin-1 is a neuropeptide synthesized in the hypothalamus and other peripheral organs, and there are conflicting opinions about its correlation with PCOS. OBJECTIVE This study aims to investigate the correlation between nesfatin-1 and PCOS and evaluates the effectiveness of nesfatin-1 as a biomarker for the detection of PCOS in women. MATERIALS AND METHODS A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted to identify pertinent articles from databases such as PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane, EMBASE, Scopus, and Google Scholar. The standardized mean difference (SMD) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated using a random effects model to compare group outcomes. Additionally, meta-regression and subgroup analysis were performed to elucidate sources of heterogeneity. RESULTS The meta-analysis involved 12 studies with 1222 participants, and the findings revealed a significant relationship between PCOS and nesfatin-1 levels. The pooled (SMD = 0.54; 95% CI: 0.00-1.07; p = 0.04) indicated a significant difference between the evaluated groups. Moreover, a subgroup analysis showed that there was a substantial difference in nesfatin-1 levels among women with PCOS and higher homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance ratio (SMD = 1.46; 95% CI: 0.92-2.00; p < 0.001). CONCLUSION Our meta-analysis indicates an association between high nesfatin-1 levels and PCOS. This suggests a potential role of nesfatin-1 in the development of PCOS and proposes it as a potential diagnostic biomarker for the disease. However, further research is necessary to validate these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyed Sobhan Bahreiny
- Student Research Committee, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Akram Ahangarpour
- Medical Basic Sciences Research Institute, Physiology Research Center, Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Ali Asghar Hemmati
- Marine Pharmaceutical Research Center, School of Pharmacy, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Razieh Kazemzadeh
- Student Research Committee, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Mohammad-Navid Bastani
- Student Research Committee, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Dabbagh
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Mojtaba Aghaei
- Student Research Committee, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
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Alesi S, Forslund M, Melin J, Romualdi D, Peña A, Tay CT, Witchel SF, Teede H, Mousa A. Efficacy and safety of anti-androgens in the management of polycystic ovary syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials. EClinicalMedicine 2023; 63:102162. [PMID: 37583655 PMCID: PMC10424142 DOI: 10.1016/j.eclinm.2023.102162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Revised: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Anti-androgens and combined oral contraceptive pills (COCPs) may mitigate hyperandrogenism-related symptoms of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). However, their efficacy and safety in PCOS remain unclear as previous reviews have focused on non-PCOS populations. To inform the 2023 International Evidence-based Guideline in PCOS, we conducted the first systematic review and meta-analysis investigating the efficacy and safety of anti-androgens in the management of hormonal and clinical features of PCOS. Methods We systematically searched MEDLINE, Embase, PsycInfo, All EBM reviews, and CINAHL up to 28th June 2023 for randomised controlled trials (RCTs) examining oral anti-androgen use, alone or in combination with metformin, COCPs, lifestyle, or other interventions, in women of any age, with PCOS diagnosed by Rotterdam, National Institutes of Health or Androgen Excess & PCOS Society criteria, and using a form of contraception. Non-English studies and studies of less than 6 months duration or which used the same anti-androgen regimen in both/all groups were excluded in order to establish efficacy for the clinical outcomes of interest. Three authors screened articles against selection criteria and assessed risk of bias and quality using the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluations (GRADE) framework. Critical outcomes (prioritised during guideline development for GRADE purposes) included weight, body mass index (BMI), irregular cycles, hirsutism, liver function, and quality of life. Random effects meta-analyses were conducted where appropriate. This study is registered with PROSPERO, CRD42022345640. Findings From 1660 studies identified in the search, 27 articles comprising 20 unique studies were included. Of these, 13 studies (n = 961) were pooled in meta-analysis. Seven studies had a high risk of bias, nine moderate and four low. Anti-androgens included finasteride, flutamide, spironolactone, or bicalutamide. In meta-analysis, anti-androgens + lifestyle were superior to metformin + lifestyle for hirsutism (weighted mean difference [WMD] [95% CI]: -1.59 [-3.06, -0.12], p = 0.03; I2 = 74%), SHBG (7.70 nmol/l [0.75, 14.66], p = 0.03; I2 = 0%), fasting insulin and fasting insulin: glucose ratio (-2.11 μU/ml [-3.97, -0.26], p = 0.03; I2 = 0% and -1.12 [-1.44, -0.79], p < 0.0001, I2 = 0%, respectively), but were not superior to placebo + lifestyle for hirsutism (-0.93, [-3.37, 1.51], p = 0.45; I2 = 76%) or SHBG (9.72 nmol/l [-0.71, 20.14], p = 0.07; I2 = 31%). Daily use was more effective for hirsutism than use every three days (-3.48 [-4.58, -2.39], p < 0.0001, I2 = 1%), and resulted in lower androstenedione levels (-0.30 ng/ml [-0.50, -0.10], p = 0.004; I2 = 0%). Combination treatment with anti-androgens + metformin + lifestyle resulted in lower testosterone compared with metformin + lifestyle (-0.29 nmol/l [-0.52, -0.06], p = 0.01; I2 = 61%), but there were no differences in hirsutism when anti-androgens + metformin + lifestyle were compared with either anti-androgens + lifestyle or metformin + lifestyle. In limited meta-analyses (n = 2 trials), combining anti-androgens with COCP resulted in poorer lipid profiles compared with COCP ± placebo, with no differences in other outcomes. Interpretation Current evidence does not support the use of anti-androgens preferentially to COCPs to treat hyperandrogenism in PCOS. Anti-androgens could be considered to treat hirsutism in PCOS, where COCPs are contraindicated, poorly tolerated, or present a sub-optimal response after a minimum 6-month period, with consideration of clinical context and individual risk factors and characteristics. Funding National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC) of Australia Monash University.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Alesi
- Monash Centre for Health Research and Implementation (MCHRI), Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Maria Forslund
- Monash Centre for Health Research and Implementation (MCHRI), Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Johanna Melin
- Monash Centre for Health Research and Implementation (MCHRI), Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Daniela Romualdi
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli, Rome, Italy
| | - Alexia Peña
- Discipline of Paediatrics, The University of Adelaide and Robinson Research Institute, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Chau Thien Tay
- Monash Centre for Health Research and Implementation (MCHRI), Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Selma Feldman Witchel
- Division of Paediatric Endocrinology, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Helena Teede
- Monash Centre for Health Research and Implementation (MCHRI), Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Aya Mousa
- Monash Centre for Health Research and Implementation (MCHRI), Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
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Hassan S, Shah M, Malik MO, Ehtesham E, Habib SH, Rauf B. Treatment with combined resveratrol and myoinositol ameliorates endocrine, metabolic alterations and perceived stress response in women with PCOS: a double-blind randomized clinical trial. Endocrine 2023; 79:208-220. [PMID: 36169918 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-022-03198-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The present study aimed to assess whether treatment with combined resveratrol and myoinositol is more effective in ameliorating the altered parameters associated with PCOS when compared to the combined metformin and pioglitazone therapy. METHOD One hundred and ten obese, oligo-anovulatory PCOS women, aged 20-35 years were randomly assigned into two treatment arms. Participants in arm-1 (n = 55), received combination of metformin and pioglitazone (500 mg and 15 mg, respectively), twice daily, while those in arm-2 (n = 55) received combination of resveratrol and myoinositol (1000 mg and 1000 mg, respectively) twice daily for 12 weeks. Evaluations performed at baseline were repeated after 3 months of therapy. The endocrine and metabolic derangements were assessed by measuring serum levels of testosterone, luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), adiponectin and insulin using ELISA. Cohen's perceived stress scale (PSS) was employed as a subjective measure of stress. RESULTS Pre-treatment PCOS women in both the arms (arm-1 and arm-2) had remarkably elevated serum testosterone and insulin concentrations, low serum adiponectin and high perceived stress response scores. The treatment reduced the altered endocrine indices in arm-2 (resveratrol and myoinositol) participants, manifested by statistically significant reduction in serum testosterone level (p = 0.001) and notably increased serum adiponectin level (p = 0.001). Interestingly, the hormonal profile, including serum LH and FSH levels also decreased (p < 0.001) along with a marked reduction in the ovarian volume (p = 0.001) in arm-2 participants. There was a significant reduction in weight (<0.001), BMI (p < 0.001) and an improvement in waist-hip ratio (p < 0.001) in arm-2 participants compared to arm-1 group. The PSS scores of the arm-2 subjects improved significantly (p < 0.001) whereas, the Ferrimen-Gallwey score was improved in both the arms (arm-1 and arm-2; p = 0.010 and 0.008 respectively) however, the change was highly significant in arm-2. Interestingly, the menstrual regularity was 81.4% in arm-2 while 18.2% in arm-1. We conclude that the therapeutic intervention with combined resveratrol and myoinositol is more effective in ameliorating altered endocrine, metabolic indices and stress burden and could be of clinical importance in high risk group of obese, oligo-anovulatory married PCOS affected women. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTials.gov Trial No: NCT04867252. Registered 24 April, 2021, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04867252.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sehresh Hassan
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Khyber Medical University, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Mohsin Shah
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Khyber Medical University, Peshawar, Pakistan.
| | - Muhammad Omar Malik
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Khyber Medical University, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Ehtesham Ehtesham
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Khyber Medical University, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Syed Hamid Habib
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Khyber Medical University, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Bushra Rauf
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Hayatabad Medical Complex, Peshawar, Pakistan
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Ma C, Xiang Q, Song G, Wang X. Quercetin and polycystic ovary syndrome. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:1006678. [PMID: 36588716 PMCID: PMC9800798 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1006678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a reproductive endocrine disease, and results to opsomenorrhea or amenorrhea, hairy, acne, acanthosis, infertility, abortion. In the long term, PCOS may also increase the risk of endometrial cancer, diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidemia and other diseases. Till now there is no specific drug for PCOS due to the unclearness of the cause and pathogenesis, as current treatments for PCOS only target certain symptoms. Quercetin (QUR) is a flavonoid drug widely found in Chinese herbal medicines, fruits, leaves, vegetables, seeds and plants roots. Studies on other diseases have found that QUR has anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-insulin resistance, anti-cancer and other effects. Some studies have shown that serum testosterone (T), luteinizing hormone (LH), the LH/follicule-stimulating hormone (FSH) ratio, fasting glucose, fasting insulin, HOMA-IR and lipid levels are reduced in PCOS patients with QUR treatment. However, the mechanisms of QUR in PCOS patients have not been completely elucidated. In this review, we retrospect the basic characteristics of QUR, and in vitro studies, animal experiments and clinical trials of QUR and plant extracts containing QUR in the treatment of PCOS. We also summarized the effects and mechanism of QUR in ovarian cells in vitro and PCOS model rats, the changes in relevant parameters after QUR administration in PCOS patients, and its potentially therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Congshun Ma
- NHC Key Laboratory of Male Reproduction and Genetics, Guangzhou, China,Department of Reproductive Medicine Center, Guangdong Provincial Reproductive Science Institute (Guangdong Provincial Fertility Hospital), Guangzhou, China
| | - Qianru Xiang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ge Song
- NHC Key Laboratory of Male Reproduction and Genetics, Guangzhou, China,Department of Reproductive Medicine Center, Guangdong Provincial Reproductive Science Institute (Guangdong Provincial Fertility Hospital), Guangzhou, China,*Correspondence: Ge Song, ; Xuefei Wang,
| | - Xuefei Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China,*Correspondence: Ge Song, ; Xuefei Wang,
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Clinical Utilities of Anti-Müllerian Hormone. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11237209. [PMID: 36498783 PMCID: PMC9741321 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11237209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Revised: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) plays an essential role in sex determination in early embryonic development. Through a series of sequential steps that follows inheriting an XY chromosome, Sertoli cell differentiation upregulates the expression of AMH-suppressing Müllerian duct development and maintains the AMH at a high level until puberty. In females, the AMH is produced by granulosa cells of follicles beginning in the second half of fetal life and continues through adulthood, with a steady decline through the reproductive years and severe decline at menopause, until levels eventually become undetectable. The AMH is essential for the regulation of follicular maturation via the recruitment of primordial follicles throughout folliculogenesis. AMH serum concentration in women strongly correlates with ovarian reserve quantity and reflects ovulation potential. Because the AMH is expressed almost exclusively by growing follicles before FSH-dependent selection, it commonly serves as a marker for ovarian function in various clinical situations, including in the diagnosis and pathogenesis of polycystic ovarian syndrome, artificial reproductive technology, and predictions of menopause or premature ovarian failure.
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Muacevic A, Adler JR, Goswami J, Singal K, Rajendran V. Prevalence of Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome in India: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Cureus 2022; 14:e32351. [PMID: 36628015 PMCID: PMC9826643 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.32351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Stein-Leventhal syndrome, often known as polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS), is a syndrome that affects women's reproductive health. PCOS is one of the most common endocrine and metabolic disorders in women of reproductive age. The etiology of PCOS remains unknown mainly, and the estimation of PCOS burden in a specific geographical location will impact disease control strategies. Hence, this study estimated the pooled prevalence of PCOS in Indian women. Databases such as PubMed, CINHAL, Scopus, and Google Scholar were thoroughly searched. Only those published Indian studies that reported the prevalence of PCOS from 2010 to 2021 and had at least one of the following diagnostic PCOS criteria were included in the systematic review: the National Institutes of Health (NIH), Rotterdam's criteria, or/and Androgen Excess Society (AES). MetaXL version 5.3 software was used for data analysis. The risk of bias was assessed using modified Joanna Briggs Institute criteria for cross-sectional studies. Out of 17132 articles, 11 articles were selected for systematic review and meta-analysis. The pooled prevalence of PCOS was 11.33(7.69-15.59) using the random effect. The proportion of Hirsute using the Ferriman-Gallwey score was highly variable, ranging from 1.6% to 37.9% (n=6). The prevalence rate of PCOS is high among Indian women. The pooled prevalence of PCOS was close to 10% using Rotterdam's criteria and AES criteria, while it was 5.8% using NIH criteria. The study's overall finding emphasizes the need for more acceptable and uniform diagnostic criteria for screening PCOS. At the same time, policy-makers should consider giving more importance to PCOS in their effort to control non-communicable diseases.
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Mansour A, Hashemi Taheri AP, Moradi B, Mohajeri-Tehrani MR, Qorbani M, Ghorbani Pashakolaee S, Sanginabadi M, Sajjadi-Jazi SM. Ovarian volume, not follicle count, is independently associated with androgens in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome. BMC Endocr Disord 2022; 22:298. [PMID: 36456925 PMCID: PMC9714143 DOI: 10.1186/s12902-022-01224-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is diagnosed based on chronic anovulation, androgen excess (clinical and/or biochemical), and polycystic ovaries in ultrasound. The aim of the present study was to evaluate which parameters in the transvaginal ultrasound (TVUS) of ovaries could be better associated with concurrent hormonal imbalance in the women with PCOS. METHODS Using a cross-sectional design, this study focused on 61 subjects (18-40 years) with PCOS. Patients were recruited at three academic hospitals during the 2017-2019 period. PCOS was defined according to the Rotterdam criteria. The association of ovarian morphology with hormonal and metabolic feature was investigated using linear regression models, adjusted for a set of possible confounding variables including age, mensuration status and body mass index (BMI). RESULTS The mean volume of both ovaries was positively associated with the total testosterone level (β = 0.025, P value < 0.001), free androgen index (β = 0.041, P value < 0.001) and luteinizing hormone/follicle stimulating hormone (LH/FSH) ratio (β = 0.032, P value = 0.004), even after adjustments made for age, mensuration status and BMI (fully-adjusted model). In contrast, in the fully-adjusted model, antral follicle count (AFC), follicle number per ovary (FNPO), ovarian area, stromal area, and ratio of stromal area to ovarian area (S/A) were not associated with androgen levels and LH/FSH ratio. In addition, after full adjustments, ovarian volume, AFC, FNPO, ovarian area, stromal area and S/A were not associated with insulin resistance, which was estimated by the homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR). CONCLUSION Increased ovarian volume is, thus, highly predictive of hyperandrogenemia and high LH/FSH ratio in PCOS patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asieh Mansour
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Behnaz Moradi
- Department of Radiology, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Mohajeri-Tehrani
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mostafa Qorbani
- Non-communicable Diseases Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
- Chronic Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Milad Sanginabadi
- Radiology department, Shariati hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sayed Mahmoud Sajjadi-Jazi
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
- Cell Therapy and Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Molecular-Cellular Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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19
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Barberis N, Calaresi D, Cannavò M, Verrastro V. Body mass index and quality of life in individuals with polycystic ovary syndrome: Dysmorphic concerns and eating disorders as mediators. Front Public Health 2022; 10:962083. [PMID: 36276397 PMCID: PMC9581187 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.962083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Weight issues, dysmorphic concerns and eating disorders are common among individuals with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and are linked to poor quality of life (QoL). The goal of the current study was to examine whether the association between body mass index (BMI) and QoL was mediated by dysmorphic concerns, examining also the relations with eating disorder symptomatology. Methods Questionnaires were administered to 435 individuals with PCOS aged between 18 and 40 years (M = 27.62; SD = 4.83) to measure dysmorphic concerns, eating disorder symptoms and QoL. Participants were also asked to report their height and weight to compute their BMI. Results Structural equation modeling was used to observe the relationship between the variables. The results revealed a direct relationship between QoL, BMI, dysmorphic concerns and eating disorder symptomatology. In addition, dysmorphic concerns were related to BMI and eating disorder symptomatology. Furthermore, the results showed the mediating role of dysmorphic concerns and eating disorder symptoms in the relationship between BMI and QoL. Conclusion The current results highlight the potential importance of harmful relationships with one's own body and food, explaining why weight issues may be linked to different levels of QoL in PCOS individuals. The implications of these findings are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadia Barberis
- Department of Health Sciences, Magna Græcia University, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Danilo Calaresi
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Marco Cannavò
- Department of Health Sciences, Magna Græcia University, Catanzaro, Italy,*Correspondence: Marco Cannavò
| | - Valeria Verrastro
- Department of Health Sciences, Magna Græcia University, Catanzaro, Italy
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20
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Fereidooni B, Jenabi E, Khazaei S, Abdoli S. The Effective Factors on The Sexual Function of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Women: A Cross-Sectional Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FERTILITY & STERILITY 2022; 16:220-223. [PMID: 36029060 PMCID: PMC9396011 DOI: 10.22074/ijfs.2021.531195.1129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Background: One of the most common endocrine disorders in women during reproductive age is polycystic ovary
syndrome (PCOS). This study aimed to evaluate sexual functioning among women with PCOS in a sample of a region’s
population in the west of Iran. Materials and Methods: This study was a cross-sectional study that was conducted on 130 women with PCOS who
referred to three clinics of gynecology, infertility, and dermatology affiliated with Hamadan University of Medical
Sciences, Iran, from September to November 2020. The measurement tools included demographic characteristics,
hirsutism score, and sexual function was assessed using the female sexual function index (FSFI) questionnaire. Results: In total, 60% of patients had reported sexual dysfunction related to lubrication, satisfaction, and pain as domains
of sexual dysfunction. The number 109 (83.85%) of them had hirsutism and these patients had a lower score for
lubrication (3.7 ± 1.47 vs. 4.47 ± 1.71, P=0.03), orgasm (3.2 ± 1.34 vs. 3.95 ± 1.37, P=0.02), satisfaction (3.4 ± 1.29
vs. 3.71 ± 1.33, P=0.03), and FSFI score (22.56 ± 5.78 vs. 25.42 ± 5.51, P=0.04). Women with higher education had
reported higher scores of FSFI and its domains. Rural participants had a higher arousal score (3.93 ± 1.4 vs. 3.37 ±
1.28, P=0.04). Moreover, housekeeper women had higher scores regarding desire, pain, and total FSFI score. Conclusion: Our results showed that there was a significant association between hirsutism and FSFI scores, different
domains, including lubrication, orgasm, and satisfaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bita Fereidooni
- Midwife in Social Security Organization, Hamadan Branch, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Ensieh Jenabi
- Autism Spectrum Disorders Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
| | - Salman Khazaei
- Department of Epidemiology, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Sara Abdoli
- Department of Nursing and Midwifery, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
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21
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Petrillo T, Semprini E, Tomatis V, Arnesano M, Ambrosetti F, Battipaglia C, Sponzilli A, Ricciardiello F, Genazzani AR, Genazzani AD. Putative Complementary Compounds to Counteract Insulin-Resistance in PCOS Patients. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10081924. [PMID: 36009471 PMCID: PMC9406066 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10081924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Revised: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most frequent endocrine-metabolic disorder among women at reproductive age. The diagnosis is based on the presence of at least two out of three criteria of the Rotterdam criteria (2003). In the last decades, the dysmetabolic aspect of insulin resistance and compensatory hyperinsulinemia have been taken into account as the additional key features in the etiopathology of PCOS, and they have been widely studied. Since PCOS is a complex and multifactorial syndrome with different clinical manifestations, it is difficult to find the gold standard treatment. Therefore, a great variety of integrative treatments have been reported to counteract insulin resistance. PCOS patients need a tailored therapeutic strategy, according to the patient’s BMI, the presence or absence of familiar predisposition to diabetes, and the patient’s desire to achieve pregnancy or not. The present review analyzes and discloses the main clinical insight of such complementary substances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tabatha Petrillo
- Gynecological Endocrinology Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41121 Modena, Italy
| | - Elisa Semprini
- Gynecological Endocrinology Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41121 Modena, Italy
| | - Veronica Tomatis
- Gynecological Endocrinology Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41121 Modena, Italy
| | - Melania Arnesano
- Gynecological Endocrinology Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41121 Modena, Italy
| | - Fedora Ambrosetti
- Gynecological Endocrinology Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41121 Modena, Italy
| | - Christian Battipaglia
- Gynecological Endocrinology Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41121 Modena, Italy
| | - Alessandra Sponzilli
- Gynecological Endocrinology Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41121 Modena, Italy
| | - Francesco Ricciardiello
- Gynecological Endocrinology Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41121 Modena, Italy
| | - Andrea R. Genazzani
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Alessandro D. Genazzani
- Gynecological Endocrinology Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41121 Modena, Italy
- Correspondence:
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22
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Niepsuj J, Franik G, Madej P, Piwowar A, Bizoń A. Evaluation of Pro/Antioxidant Imbalance in Blood of Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Based on Determination of Oxidized Low-Density Lipoproteins and Ferric Reducing Ability of Plasma Values. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10071564. [PMID: 35884870 PMCID: PMC9328171 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10071564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
We investigated selected pro/antioxidant parameters in a group of women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) divided according to age, body mass index (BMI), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and quantitative insulin sensitivity check index (Quicki). We chose oxidized low-density lipoproteins (oxLDL-C) as a marker of oxidative stress and the ferric reducing ability of plasma (FRAP) as a marker of antioxidant status. In women with PCOS, the values of BMI, WHR, age and concentration of glucose significantly affected oxLDL-C concentration and FRAP values. FRAP correlated with oxLDL-C level in the whole group and in women who were insulin sensitive (HOMA-IR < 2.0). There was a negative relationship between the concentration of Anti-Müllerian hormone and both oxLDL-C and FRAP. Furthermore, the value of FRAP was inversely correlated with luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and androstenedione, whereas it was positively correlated with the LH/FSH ratio. The concentration of oxLDL and the value of FRAP are significantly associated with selected metabolic and hormonal parameters in the course of PCOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justyna Niepsuj
- Students Scientific Society at the Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland;
| | - Grzegorz Franik
- Department of Endocrinological Gynecology, Medical University of Silesia, 40-752 Katowice, Poland; (G.F.); (P.M.)
| | - Paweł Madej
- Department of Endocrinological Gynecology, Medical University of Silesia, 40-752 Katowice, Poland; (G.F.); (P.M.)
| | - Agnieszka Piwowar
- Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland;
| | - Anna Bizoń
- Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-(71)-784-04-55
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23
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Butt MS, Saleem J, Aiman S, Zakar R, Sadique I, Fischer F. Serum anti-Müllerian hormone as a predictor of polycystic ovarian syndrome among women of reproductive age. BMC Womens Health 2022; 22:199. [PMID: 35643521 PMCID: PMC9148456 DOI: 10.1186/s12905-022-01782-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) affects up to one-fifth of women of reproductive age and causes anovulatory subfertility. Some studies have recommended that an anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) level greater than 3.8-5 ng/mL can be used for diagnosing PCOS. This study aims to analyse serum AMH levels among PCOS women of reproductive age to use AMH as a biomarker predictor along with other Rotterdam criteria. METHODS In this cross-sectional study, a total of 98 women visiting the fertility center of a private hospital in Lahore, Pakistan, were screened. Data were obtained from 51 PCOS newly diagnosed women aged 28.24 years (SD ± 4.84 years) meeting at least two of the Rotterdam criteria and specific inclusion criteria. Baseline variables, menstrual cycle length, ovarian morphology on ultrasound, hirsutism, sex hormones, gonadotropin, and serum AMH levels were analysed during the follicular phase (1-5 days) of the menstrual cycle. Serum AMH was measured by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS A high serum AMH level (7.23 ± 4.67 ng/ml) was recorded with normal sex hormone levels. Women with oligo-/amenorrhea had a significant mean difference for luteinizing hormone (p = 0.02) and AMH levels (p = 0.03) when compared with women of normal menstrual cycle length. PCOS women with high AMH levels (≥ 3.9 ng/ml) showed a significant difference in ovarian morphology (p < 0.05) when compared with the normal AMH group. CONCLUSIONS An elevated serum AMH level can be used as a strong predictor to reflect the certainty of PCOS diagnosis among women of reproductive age when study concurrently with the other Rotterdam criteria.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Javeria Saleem
- Department of Public Health, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Sobia Aiman
- Akhtar Saeed Medical and Dental College, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Rubeena Zakar
- Department of Public Health, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | | | - Florian Fischer
- Institute of Public Health, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany.
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24
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Brinca AT, Ramalhinho AC, Sousa Â, Oliani AH, Breitenfeld L, Passarinha LA, Gallardo E. Follicular Fluid: A Powerful Tool for the Understanding and Diagnosis of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome. Biomedicines 2022; 10:1254. [PMID: 35740276 PMCID: PMC9219683 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10061254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Revised: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) represents one of the leading causes of anovulatory infertility and affects 5% to 20% of women worldwide. Until today, both the subsequent etiology and pathophysiology of PCOS remain unclear, and patients with PCOS that undergo assisted reproductive techniques (ART) might present a poor to exaggerated response, low oocyte quality, ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome, as well as changes in the follicular fluid metabolites pattern. These abnormalities originate a decrease of Metaphase II (MII) oocytes and decreased rates for fertilization, cleavage, implantation, blastocyst conversion, poor egg to follicle ratio, and increased miscarriages. Focus on obtaining high-quality embryos has been taken into more consideration over the years. Nowadays, the use of metabolomic analysis in the quantification of proteins and peptides in biological matrices might predict, with more accuracy, the success in assisted reproductive technology. In this article, we review the use of human follicular fluid as the matrix in metabolomic analysis for diagnostic and ART predictor of success for PCOS patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Teresa Brinca
- Health Sciences Research Centre, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Beira Interior, 6200-506 Covilhã, Portugal; (A.T.B.); (Â.S.); (L.B.)
| | - Ana Cristina Ramalhinho
- Health Sciences Research Centre, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Beira Interior, 6200-506 Covilhã, Portugal; (A.T.B.); (Â.S.); (L.B.)
- Assisted Reproduction Laboratory of Academic Hospital of Cova da Beira, 6200-251 Covilhã, Portugal;
- C4-Cloud Computing Competence Centre, University of Beira Interior, 6201-001 Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Ângela Sousa
- Health Sciences Research Centre, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Beira Interior, 6200-506 Covilhã, Portugal; (A.T.B.); (Â.S.); (L.B.)
| | - António Hélio Oliani
- Assisted Reproduction Laboratory of Academic Hospital of Cova da Beira, 6200-251 Covilhã, Portugal;
- São José do Rio Preto School of Medicine, Gynaecology and Obstetrics, São José do Rio Preto 15090-000, Brazil
| | - Luiza Breitenfeld
- Health Sciences Research Centre, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Beira Interior, 6200-506 Covilhã, Portugal; (A.T.B.); (Â.S.); (L.B.)
- C4-Cloud Computing Competence Centre, University of Beira Interior, 6201-001 Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Luís A. Passarinha
- Health Sciences Research Centre, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Beira Interior, 6200-506 Covilhã, Portugal; (A.T.B.); (Â.S.); (L.B.)
- UCIBIO–Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Departament of Chemistry, NOVA School of Science and Technology, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
- Associate Laboratory i4HB-Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, NOVA School of Science and Technology, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, 2819-516 Caparica, Portugal
- Laboratório de Fármaco-Toxicologia, UBIMedical, University of Beira Interior, 6200-284 Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Eugenia Gallardo
- Health Sciences Research Centre, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Beira Interior, 6200-506 Covilhã, Portugal; (A.T.B.); (Â.S.); (L.B.)
- Laboratório de Fármaco-Toxicologia, UBIMedical, University of Beira Interior, 6200-284 Covilhã, Portugal
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25
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Motlagh Asghari K, Nejadghaderi SA, Alizadeh M, Sanaie S, Sullman MJM, Kolahi AA, Avery J, Safiri S. Burden of polycystic ovary syndrome in the Middle East and North Africa region, 1990-2019. Sci Rep 2022; 12:7039. [PMID: 35488014 PMCID: PMC9052181 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-11006-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is one of the most important contributing factors to infertility. In this study, we report the burden of PCOS by age and sociodemographic index (SDI) for the 21 countries in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region. Publicly available data on the point prevalence, incidence and years lived with disability (YLDs), from 1990 to 2019, were retrieved from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2019 study for the 21 countries in MENA. The results are presented with age-standardised numbers and rates per 100,000 population, along with their corresponding 95% uncertainty intervals (UIs). In 2019, the age-standardised point prevalence and incidence rate for PCOS in the MENA region were 2079.7 (95% UI: 1392.0 to 2812.3) and 77.2 (95% UI: 51.6 to 105.4) per 100,000, respectively, which represents a 37.9% (95% UI: 31.7 to 45.0) and a 33.7% (95% UI: 27.7 to 40.3) increase since 1990, respectively. Also in 2019, the age-standardised YLD rate of PCOS in this region was 18.7 (95% UI: 7.8 to 37.9) per 100,000 women, which has increased by 36.1% (95% UI: 29.4 to 43.4) since 1990. Kuwait [25.4 (10.7, 51.2)] had the highest age-standardised YLD rate, while Afghanistan [10.8 (10.1, 49.2)] had the lowest. Moreover, the largest increase in the YLD rate, from 1990 to 2019, was seen in Sudan [90.3% (64.1, 120.9)], whereas no country decreased during the measurement period. The total prevalent number and point prevalence of PCOS (per 100,000) were both highest in the 20-24 age group. The prevalence of PCOS was highest among women of reproductive age, but decreased rapidly after 45 years of age. Moreover, at the country level there was a positive association between SDI and the age-standardised YLD rates of PCOS. The growing prevalence and burden of PCOS in the MENA region highlights the need to implement cost-effective preventive programs, especially for women in their third decade of life, and in MENA countries with higher SDI levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimia Motlagh Asghari
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Seyed Aria Nejadghaderi
- School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Expert Group (SRMEG), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahasti Alizadeh
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Sarvin Sanaie
- Aging Research Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mark J M Sullman
- Department of Life and Health Sciences, University of Nicosia, Nicosia, Cyprus
- Department of Social Sciences, University of Nicosia, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Ali-Asghar Kolahi
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Jodie Avery
- Adelaide Medical School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
- Robinson Research Institute, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Saeid Safiri
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
- Women's Reproductive Health Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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26
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Адамян ЛВ, Андреева ЕН, Абсатарова ЮС, Григорян ОР, Дедов ИИ, Мельниченко ГА, Сутурина ЛВ, Филиппов ОС, Шереметьева ЕВ, Чернуха ГЕ, Ярмолинская МИ. [Clinical guidelines «Polycystic Ovary Syndrome»]. PROBLEMY ENDOKRINOLOGII 2022; 68:112-127. [PMID: 35488762 PMCID: PMC9764272 DOI: 10.14341/probl12874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a polygenic endocrine disorder caused by both genetic and epigenetic factors. Depending on the period of a woman's life, the clinical picture, diagnosis, and treatment tactics of the disease are different. PCOS has a complex of reproductive, metabolic and psychological characteristics. The target audience of these clinical recommendations are obstetrician-gynecologists, endocrinologists, general practitioners, general practitioners. In these clinical guidelines, all information is ranked according to the level of persuasiveness of recommendations and the reliability of evidence, depending on the number and quality of studies on this issue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Л. В. Адамян
- Национальный исследовательский центр акушерства, гинекологии и перинатологии им. В.И. Кулакова;
Московский государственный медико-стоматологический университет им. А.И. Евдокимова
| | - Е. Н. Андреева
- Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр эндокринологии;
Московский государственный медико-стоматологический университет им. А.И. Евдокимова
| | | | - О. Р. Григорян
- Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр эндокринологии
| | - И. И. Дедов
- Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр эндокринологии
| | | | - Л. В. Сутурина
- Научный центр проблем здоровья семьи и репродукции человека
| | - О. С. Филиппов
- Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет им. И.М. Сеченова (Сеченовский Университет);
Министерство здравоохранения Российской Федерации
| | | | - Г. Е. Чернуха
- Национальный исследовательский центр акушерства, гинекологии и перинатологии им. В.И. Кулакова
| | - М. И. Ярмолинская
- Научно-исследовательский институт акушерства, гинекологии и репродукции им. Д.О. Отта;
Северо-Западный государственный медицинский университет им. И.И. Мечникова
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Chen M, He C, Zhu K, Chen Z, Meng Z, Jiang X, Cai J, Yang C, Zuo Z. Resveratrol ameliorates polycystic ovary syndrome via transzonal projections within oocyte-granulosa cell communication. Theranostics 2022; 12:782-795. [PMID: 34976213 PMCID: PMC8692920 DOI: 10.7150/thno.67167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 11/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Rationale: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is closely linked to follicular dysplasia and impaired bidirectional oocyte-granulosa cell (GC) communication. Given that PCOS is a heterogeneous, multifactorial endocrine disorder, it is important to clarify the pathophysiology of this ovarian disease and identify a specific treatment. Methods: We generated PCOS rat models based on neonatal tributyltin (TBT) exposure and studied the therapeutic effect and mechanism of resveratrol (RSV), a natural plant polyphenol. Transcriptome analysis was conducted to screen the significantly changed pathways, and a series of experiments, such as quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR), Western blot and phalloidin staining, were performed in rat ovaries. We also observed similar changes in human PCOS samples using Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database analysis and quantitative real-time PCR. Results: We first found that injury to transzonal projections (TZPs), which are specialized filopodia that mediate oocyte-GC communication in follicles, may play an important role in the etiology of PCOS. We successfully established PCOS rat models using TBT and found that overexpressed calcium-/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II beta (CaMKIIβ) inhibited TZP assembly. In addition, TZP disruption and CAMK2B upregulation were also observed in samples from PCOS patients. Moreover, we demonstrated that RSV potently ameliorated ovarian failure and estrus cycle disorder through TZP recovery via increased cytoplasmic calcium levels and excessive phosphorylation of CaMKIIβ. Conclusions: Our data indicated that upregulation of CaMKIIβ may play a critical role in regulating TZP assembly and may be involved in the pathogenesis of PCOS associated with ovarian dysfunction. Investigation of TZPs and RSV as potent CaMKIIβ activators provides new insight and a therapeutic target for PCOS, which is helpful for improving female reproduction.
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Giménez-Peralta I, Lilue M, Mendoza N, Tesarik J, Mazheika M. Application of a new ultrasound criterion for the diagnosis of polycystic ovary syndrome. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:915245. [PMID: 36120462 PMCID: PMC9478114 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.915245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To define which ultrasound criteria could replace the classic Rotterdam criteria as the best indicator of the risk of developing endocrine-metabolic changes in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). MATERIALS AND METHODS This multicenter cross-sectional study included 200 women with PCOS and one control group of 111 women without PCOS. The primary outcomes to be considered were follicular count, hirsutism, total testosterone levels, free androgen index (FAI), and insulin sensitivity (HOMA-IR), and the secondary outcome was the anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) level. RESULTS The main finding in this study points toward a different ultrasound criterion-23 or more follicles of any size in at least one ovary, which is postulated as an alternative to the classic criterion described in the Rotterdam consensus. This criterion correlates better with the other two PCOS criteria and also identifies women at increased risk of hirsutism (Ferriman-Gallwey score: 6.08 ± 3.54 vs. 4.44 ± 3.75, p < 0.0001), total testosterone levels (2.24 ± 0.298 vs. 1.42 ± 1.530, p = 0.0001), FAI (4.85 ± 0.83 vs. 2.12 ± 1.93, p < 0.001), and insulin resistance (HOMA-IR: 1.74 ± 0.182 vs. 1.504 ± 0.230, p = 0.001) more accurately. Regarding AMH, large differences in their mean values were observed between the groups (7.07 vs. 4.846 ng/ml, p = 0.000). However, these differences depended on age. CONCLUSION The ovarian ultrasound examination with 23 or more follicles of any size in any of the ovaries constitutes a powerful tool to accurately diagnose PCOS and to associate it with metabolic-endocrine processes such as hyperandrogenism and insulin resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Nicolás Mendoza
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- Clínica MAR&Gen, Granada, Spain
| | - Jan Tesarik
- Clínica MAR&Gen, Granada, Spain
- *Correspondence: Jan Tesarik,
| | - Marina Mazheika
- Unidad de Reproducción Hospital Mediterráneo, Almería, Spain
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Shen W, Pan Y, Jin B, Zhang Z, You T, Qu Y, Han M, Yuan X, Zhang Y. Effects of Tea Consumption on Anthropometric Parameters, Metabolic Indexes and Hormone Levels of Women with Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2021; 12:736867. [PMID: 34966355 PMCID: PMC8710535 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2021.736867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Our aim was to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis to assess the effectiveness and safety of tea supplements for patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Methods We conducted searches of the published literature in PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, Chinese Biomedical Literature Database, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), VIP database, and Wanfang Database in 1985 to September 2021. Data from randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were obtained to assess the effects of tea versus placebo in women with PCOS. Weighted mean differences (WMDs) were pooled using a random-effects model or risks ratios (RRs) using a random-effects model. Results Six RCTs (235 participants) were included in our systematic review. Tea supplements as adjuvant therapy led to greater improvement in body weight (WMD -2.71, 95% CI -4.95 to -0.46, P = 0.02, I2 = 0%), fasting blood glucose (FBG: WMD -0.40, 95% CI -0.59 to -0.20, P < 0.0001, I2 = 0%) and fasting insulin (FINS: WMD -3.40, 95% CI -4.76 to -2.03, P < 0.00001, I2 = 0%) when compared with placebo. There were no significant differences of body mass index, waist circumference, hip circumference, waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), body fat rate, total testosterone, free testosterone (FT), dehydroepiandrosterone, luteinizing hormone or follicular-stimulating hormone (FSH) between the two groups. In addition, subgroup analysis suggested that green tea was effective on body weight, FINS, FBG, FT, and FSH, and herbal tea can also reduce FT levels, tea supplements had a significant impact on FBG and FSH in trials with intervention duration ≥ 3 months, and intervention lasting less than 3 months can improve FINS. Tea had significant effect on reducing WHR, FBG and FSH in Asian PCOS patients, but not in Caucasians. And there was no statistically significant effect of tea on weight and FINS in Asians, but it was effective for Caucasian participants. Compared with placebo, tea supplements did not cause significant adverse reactions (RR 1.45, 95% CI 0.30 to 6.90, P = 0.65, I2 = 0%). Conclusion This meta-analysis suggests that consumption of tea supplementation in women with PCOS could significantly decrease the levels of FBG and FINS as well as reduce body weight. Especially green tea, not only has the above effects, but also has a significant effect on improving a variety of reproductive hormone indexes. Furthermore, tea supplementation is a relatively safe therapy for PCOS patients. Systematic Review Registration PROSPERO https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/display_record.php?RecordID=212755, identifier CRD42021249196.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjuan Shen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, First Affiliated Hospital of Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Yujia Pan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Bao Jin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Zongyu Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Tianjiao You
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Yangfan Qu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Mei Han
- Centre for Evidence-Based Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Xingxing Yuan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Heilongjiang Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Yang Zhang
- Department of Internal Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
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Alshdaifat E, Sindiani A, Amarin Z, Absy N, AlOsta N, Abuhayyeh HA, Alwani M. Awareness of polycystic ovary syndrome: A university students' perspective. Ann Med Surg (Lond) 2021; 72:103123. [PMID: 34934483 PMCID: PMC8654774 DOI: 10.1016/j.amsu.2021.103123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Revised: 11/28/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Polycystic ovary syndrome is the most common endocrine disorder in women of reproductive age. Women with this syndrome may have infrequent menstrual periods or amenorrhea and excess androgen levels. The ovaries develop numerous small follicles and fail to ovulate on a regular basis, with subsequent subfertility in those women that wish to conceive.The etiology of polycystic ovary syndrome is unclear. Early diagnosis and treatment may reduce the risk of long-term complications such as type 2 diabetes and heart disease. OBJECTIVES To assess the knowledge and attitude of university students towards polycystic ovary syndrome at two universities in the north of Jordan. METHOD ology: This is a cross-sectional online survey that polled female students at two universities in the north of Jordan. The main outcome measures included average polycystic ovary syndrome awareness score, predictors of high awareness scores, and sources of information. RESULTS Formal diagnosis of polycystic ovary syndrome was reported by 29.9% of the 1182 students, the average polycystic ovary syndrome awareness score was M = 11.59 (SD = 4.95). Being a 6th and 5th year college student were the strongest independent predictors for recognizing the term polycystic ovary syndrome, in addition to be a student in the majors of veterinary medicine, nursing, pharmacy, or dentistry. Age was a significant predictor of polycystic ovary syndrome awareness score. Being investigated for, or being diagnosed with polycystic ovary syndrome were significant predictors of higher scores. Body mass index was a weak predictor of polycystic ovary syndrome awareness. Participants who reported to have hirsutism, acanthosis nigricans, or acne scored significantly higher than others.Healthcare professionals were the most common source of information reported by participants. Lectures were most effective in increasing awareness score but were poorly utilized outside the curriculum. CONCLUSION Although students in this study demonstrated a satisfactory level of polycystic ovary syndrome awareness and were more likely to seek information from healthcare professionals, this level of awareness should spread-out to other segments of the population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eman Alshdaifat
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Yarmouk University, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Amer Sindiani
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Zouhair Amarin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Nadine Absy
- Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Noor AlOsta
- Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | | | - Mustafa Alwani
- Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
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Zhou K, Zhang J, Xu L, Lim CED. Chinese herbal medicine for subfertile women with polycystic ovarian syndrome. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2021; 6:CD007535. [PMID: 34085287 PMCID: PMC8175465 DOI: 10.1002/14651858.cd007535.pub4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is characterised by both metabolic and reproductive disorders, and affects 5% to 15% of women of reproductive age. Different western medicines have been proposed for PCOS-related subfertility, such as oral contraceptives, insulin sensitisers and laparoscopic ovarian drilling (LOD). Chinese herbal medicines (CHM) have also been used for subfertility caused by PCOS for decades, and are expected to become an alternative treatment for subfertile women with PCOS. OBJECTIVES To assess the efficacy and safety of Chinese herbal medicine (CHM) for subfertile women with polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS). SEARCH METHODS We searched the Cochrane Gynaecology and Fertility Group Specialised Register, CENTRAL, MEDLINE, Embase and six other databases, from inception to 2 June 2020. In addition, we searched three trials registries, the reference lists of included trials and contacted experts in the field to locate trials. SELECTION CRITERIA We included randomised controlled trials (RCTs) comparing CHM versus placebo, no treatment or conventional (western) therapies for the treatment of subfertile women with PCOS. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS Two review authors independently screened trials for inclusion, assessed the risk of bias in included studies and extracted data. We contacted primary study authors for additional information. We conducted meta-analyses. We used the odds ratios (ORs) to report dichotomous data, with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). We assessed the certainty of the evidence using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) methods. MAIN RESULTS We included eight RCTs with 609 participants. The comparisons in the included trials were as follows: CHM versus clomiphene, CHM plus clomiphene versus clomiphene (with or without ethinyloestradiol cyproterone acetate (EE/CPA)), CHM plus follicle aspiration plus ovulation induction versus follicle aspiration plus ovulation induction alone, and CHM plus laparoscopic ovarian drilling (LOD) versus LOD alone. The overall certainty of the evidence for most comparisons was very low. None of the included studies reported the primary outcome, live birth rate. Most studies reported the secondary outcomes, and only one study reported data on adverse events. In trials that compared CHM to clomiphene (with or without LOD in both study arms), we are uncertain of the effect of CHM on pregnancy rates (odds ratio (OR) 1.41, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.63 to 3.19; I2 = 28%; 3 studies, 140 participants; very low certainty evidence). Results suggest that if the chance of pregnancy following clomiphene is assumed to be 21.5%, the chance following CHM would vary between 14.7% and 46.7%. No study reported data on adverse events. When CHM plus clomiphene was compared to clomiphene (with or without EE/CPA), there was low certainty evidence of a higher pregnancy rate in the CHM plus clomiphene group (OR 3.06, 95% CI 2.05 to 4.55; I2 = 10%; 6 studies, 470 participants; low certainty evidence). Results suggest that if the chance of pregnancy following clomiphene is assumed to be 31.5%, the chance following CHM plus clomiphene would vary between 48.5% and 67.7%. No data were reported on adverse events. In trials that compared CHM plus follicle aspiration and ovulation induction to follicle aspiration and ovulation induction alone, we are uncertain of the effect of CHM on pregnancy rates (OR 1.62, 95% CI 0.46 to 5.68; 1 study, 44 women; very low certainty evidence). Results suggest that if the chance of pregnancy following follicle aspiration and ovulation induction is assumed to be 29.2%, the chance following CHM with follicle aspiration and ovulation induction would vary between 15.9% and 70%. Reported adverse events included severe luteinised unruptured follicle syndrome (LUFS) (Peto OR 0.60, 95% CI 0.06 to 6.14; 1 study, 44 women; very low certainty evidence), ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) (Peto OR 0.16, 95% CI 0.00 to 8.19; 1 study, 44 women; very low certainty evidence) or multiple pregnancy (Peto OR 0.60, 95% CI 0.06 to 6.14; 1 study, 44 women; very low certainty evidence). These results suggest that if the chances of LUFS, OHSS, and multiple pregnancy following follicle aspiration and ovulation induction are assumed to be 8.3%, 4.2%, and 8.3% respectively, the chances following CHM with follicle aspiration and ovulation induction would be 0.5% to 35.8%, 0% to 26.3% and 0.5% to 35.8% respectively. In trials that compared CHM plus LOD to LOD alone, we are uncertain if CHM improves pregnancy rates (OR 3.50, 95% CI 0.72 to 17.09; 1 study, 30 women; very low certainty evidence). Results suggest that if the chance of pregnancy following LOD is assumed to be 40%, the chance following CHM with LOD would vary between 32.4% and 91.9%. No data were reported on adverse events. We are uncertain of the results in the comparison groups for all outcomes. The certainty of the evidence for all other comparisons and outcomes was very low. The main limitations in the evidence were failure to report live birth or adverse events, failure to describe study methods in adequate detail and imprecision due to very low event rates and wide CIs. AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS There is insufficient evidence to support the use of CHM for subfertile women with PCOS. No data are available on live birth. We are uncertain of the effect of CHM on pregnancy rates for there is no consistent evidence to indicate that CHM influences fertility outcomes. However, we find that the addition of CHM to clomiphene may improve pregnancy rates, but there is very limited, low certainty evidence for this outcome. Furthermore, there is insufficient evidence on adverse effects to indicate whether CHM is safe. In the future, well-designed, carefully conducted RCTs are needed, with a particular focus on the live birth rate and other safety indexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kunyan Zhou
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, Chengdu, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, Chengdu, China
| | - Liangzhi Xu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, Chengdu, China
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Evaluation of the relationship between serum ferritin and insulin resistance and visceral adiposity index (VAI) in women with polycystic ovary syndrome. Eat Weight Disord 2021; 26:1581-1593. [PMID: 32772321 DOI: 10.1007/s40519-020-00980-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2020] [Accepted: 07/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE There is a relationship between polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and adipose tissue dysfunction (ADD), but this relationship is not clear. It has been recently shown that iron accumulation in adipose tissue is among the causes of adipose tissue dysfunction. Data on adipose tissue dysfunction in women with PCOS are insufficient. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the relationship between serum ferritin levels (iron accumulation biomarker) and visceral adiposity index (an indicator of adipose tissue dysfunction). METHODS The study is a case-control study. Women with diagnosed PCOS with 2003 Rotterdam Diagnostic Criteria (n = 40) were compared with non-PCOS group (n = 40). In this study, the cholesterol ratios, the homeostatic model evaluation index for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and the quantitative insulin sensitivity control index were calculated using biochemical parameters, and the visceral adiposity index (VAI) and the lipid accumulation product (LAP) were calculated using both anthropometric and biochemical parameters. In this study, insulin resistance was evaluated by HOMA-IR and adipose tissue dysfunction was evaluated by VAI index. RESULTS According to the results of this study, women with PCOS have a worse metabolic status than women without PCOS. However, this has been shown only in overweight and obese women, not in women with normal weight. CONCLUSION As a result, the presence of obesity in women with PCOS exacerbates metabolic status. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Level V, cross-sectional descriptive study.
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Fruzzetti F, Baldari F, Palla G, Fidecicchi T, Carmina E. Comparison of PCOS phenotypes in adolescent and young adult Mediterranean women with possible PCOS. J Endocrinol Invest 2021; 44:995-1000. [PMID: 32839937 DOI: 10.1007/s40618-020-01394-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE During adolescence, PCOS features are supposed to be in evolution. Because of this, the diagnosis of PCOS in adolescence is often unclear and few studies have compared adolescent and adult PCOS phenotype distribution and features. The aim is to compare phenotypes in adolescents and young adults with PCOS. METHODS 109 girls aged from 13 to 19 years were retrospectively studied. All patients had a gynecological age > 2 years. 63 patients were adolescents (3-5 years beyond menarche) while 46 patients were young adults (6-9 years beyond menarche). Diagnosis of different PCOS phenotypes (A, B, C, D) was made according to the Rotterdam criteria. Clinical data (menstrual cycles, BMI, presence of hirsutism), androgen circulating levels (total testosterone, androstenedione, dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate) and ovarian morphology by ultrasound were assessed. RESULTS 109 patients presented PCOS according to the Rotterdam criteria. Phenotype A was by far the most common phenotype (73.4%) followed by phenotype B (21.1%). Only few patients had phenotype C (4.6%) or phenotype D (0.9%). When patients were divided in two groups (adolescent and young adult patients), no significant difference in prevalence and features of the different phenotypes was observed. CONCLUSION In this cohort of adolescent and young adult women with PCOS, the progression of age does not change the prevalence and the features of main PCOS phenotypes. It suggests that the Rotterdam criteria might be used also in adolescents, at least in those with 2 or more years of gynecological age, for the diagnosis of PCOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Fruzzetti
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ospedale Santa Chiara, University of Pisa, Via Roma 35, 56100, Pisa, Italy.
| | - F Baldari
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ospedale Santa Chiara, University of Pisa, Via Roma 35, 56100, Pisa, Italy
| | - G Palla
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ospedale Santa Chiara, University of Pisa, Via Roma 35, 56100, Pisa, Italy
| | - T Fidecicchi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ospedale Santa Chiara, University of Pisa, Via Roma 35, 56100, Pisa, Italy
| | - E Carmina
- Department of Endocrinology, Medical School of Palermo University, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
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Akbari Sene A, Ashrafi M, Alaghmand-Fard N, Mohammadi N, Mortezapour Alisaraie M, Alizadeh A. Anti-Müllerian Hormone Predictive Levels to Determine The Likelihood of Ovarian Hyper-Response in Infertile Women with Polycystic Ovarian Morphology. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FERTILITY & STERILITY 2021; 15:115-122. [PMID: 33687164 PMCID: PMC8052798 DOI: 10.22074/ijfs.2020.134614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The objective of this study was to investigate serum levels of anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) in normal-ovulatory infertile women with polycystic ovarian morphology (PCOM) and their association with ovarian hyper-response. MATERIALS AND METHODS This prospective cohort study was carried out on 100 infertile women with PCOM who were treated with an antagonist/agonist triggered stimulation protocol at Shahid Akbar-Abadi Hospital IVF Centre, Tehran, Iran. Serum AMH levels were measured before starting the assisted reproductive technology (ART) cycle and the ovarian hyper-response was evaluated by retrieved oocyte numbers, ooestradiol levels on the triggering day, and the incidence of ovarian hyper-stimulation syndrome (OHSS) clinical signs and symptoms. Logistic regression and the area under the curve (AUC) were used to estimate the effects of AMH and the accuracy of the test. RESULTS Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis showed that AMH could significantly predict ovarian hyper-response in PCOM patients (AUC=0.73). The estimated threshold value was 4.95 ng/ml, with a specificity of 74.58% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 50.85, 93.22) and sensitivity of 73.17% (95% CI: 48.78, 92.68). Logistic regression results showed a significant interaction between AMH and body mass index (BMI, P=0.008), which indicated that BMI had a moderation effect. CONCLUSION Individualized stimulation protocols for patients with isolated PCOM and AMH greater than 4.95 ng/ml may significantly reduce the chances of developing OHSS. However, the AMH cut-off values to predict ovarian hyperresponse differ for different BMI categories among PCOM patients; thus, it becomes a more precise predictive marker with increasing BMI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azadeh Akbari Sene
- Shahid Akbar-Abadi Clinical Research Development Unit (ShACRDU), Iran University of Medical Sciences (IUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahnaz Ashrafi
- Shahid Akbar-Abadi Clinical Research Development Unit (ShACRDU), Iran University of Medical Sciences (IUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Nasim Alaghmand-Fard
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Shahid Akbar-Abadi Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Neda Mohammadi
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Ahad Alizadeh
- Metabolic Diseases Research Centre, Research Institute for Prevention of Non-Communicable Diseases, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran.
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Albaghdadi AJH, Kan FWK. Therapeutic Potentials of Low-Dose Tacrolimus for Aberrant Endometrial Features in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:2872. [PMID: 33808965 PMCID: PMC7998611 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22062872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2021] [Revised: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a major anovulatory infertility affecting a great proportion of women of childbearing age and is associated with obesity, insulin resistance and chronic inflammation. Poor endometrial receptivity and recurrent implantation failure are major hurdles to the establishment of pregnancy in women with PCOS. The accumulating body of evidence obtained from experimental and clinical studies suggests a link between inherent adaptive and innate immune irregularities and aberrant endometrial features in PCOS. The use of conventional therapeutic interventions such as lifestyle modification, metformin and ovarian stimulation has achieved limited clinical success in restoring ovulation and endometrial receptivity in women with PCOS. Unlike other immunosuppressive drugs prescribed in the clinical management of autoimmune and inflammatory disorders that may have deleterious effects on fertility and fetal development, preclinical studies in mice and in women without PCOS but with repeated implantation failure revealed potential therapeutic benefits for the use of low-dose tacrolimus in treating female infertility. Improved systemic and ovarian immune functions, endometrial progesterone receptor and coreceptor expressions and uterine vascular adaptation to pregnancy were among features of enhanced progesterone-receptor sensitivity in the low-dose tacrolimus-treated mouse model of the disease. In this review, we have compiled available experimental and clinical data in literature on endometrial progesterone resistance and current therapeutic options, as well as mechanisms of actions and reported outcomes relevant to the potential therapeutic benefits for the use of low-dose tacrolimus in treating PCOS-associated female infertility.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Frederick W. K. Kan
- Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Queen’s University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada;
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Zhao JJ, Kang CM, Zhang P, Zheng L. Performance characteristics of the Mindray chemiluminescence anti-Müllerian hormone assay. J Clin Lab Anal 2021; 35:e23734. [PMID: 33660884 PMCID: PMC8059718 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.23734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2020] [Revised: 01/27/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to define the performance characteristics of the Mindray chemiluminescence assay for anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) detection. DESIGNS AND METHODS Intra-assay and total imprecision, analytical sensitivity, linearity, and interference were compared between the Mindray and Roche assays using pools of human serum according to Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute protocols. Additionally, male and female reference intervals were established using serum specimens collected from otherwise healthy groups and patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). RESULTS The intra-assay and total imprecision percent coefficients of variation for low and high AMH serum levels were 2.74%/ 3.01% and 5.41%/5.35% respectively. The limits of blank, detection, and quantitation were 0.007, 0.01, and 0.03 ng/ml, respectively. The assay displayed good linearity over the range of 0.01-23 ng/ml. The coefficient of determination (R2 ) of the Mindray versus Roche assays was 0.9713 with 411 samples with AMH concentrations ranging from 0.014 to 22.1 ng/ml. The slope and intercept of the regression equation were 0.9687 and 0.3419, respectively. There was no significant interference from triglycerides (up to 3000 mg/dl), bilirubin (up to 50 mg/dl), hemoglobin (up to 500 mg/dl), or total protein (up to 10 g/dl). Reference intervals showed the expected decrease in serum AMH levels with age in healthy women and increased levels in women with PCOS. CONCLUSION The Mindray AMH assay demonstrated acceptable analytical performance under routine conditions and is suitable for determining AMH levels in serum samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Jing Zhao
- Laboratory Medicine Center, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chun-Min Kang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Peng Zhang
- Laboratory Medicine Center, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lei Zheng
- Laboratory Medicine Center, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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Jain T, Negris O, Brown D, Galic I, Salimgaraev R, Zhaunova L. Characterization of polycystic ovary syndrome among Flo app users around the world. Reprod Biol Endocrinol 2021; 19:36. [PMID: 33658043 PMCID: PMC7927251 DOI: 10.1186/s12958-021-00719-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 02/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a complex and multi-faceted endocrine disorder that affects 5-20% of women. Literature is limited regarding potentially differing PCOS phenotypes among women around the world. OBJECTIVE To use Flo app technology to understand the multifaceted characteristics of PCOS across several countries and identify contributing risk factors to the development of this condition. STUDY DESIGN Flo is a widely used female health and wellbeing app with period tracking functionality that provides a globally representative and medically unbiased perspective on PCOS symptomatology. A chatbot dialog on PCOS was subsequently administered on the Flo application (app) to users from 142 countries (with at least 100 respondents) who have the app running in English during September-October 2019. RESULTS For analyses, we selected the five countries with the greatest number of respondents: US (n = 243,238), UK (n = 68,325), India (n = 40,092), Philippines (n = 35,131), and Australia (n = 29,926). Bloating was the most frequently reported symptom among PCOS-positive women and appeared to be the main predictor of PCOS in our model (odds ratio 3·76 [95% CI 3·60-3·94]; p < 0·0001). Additional top predictors of PCOS are high blood cholesterol and glucose levels. As BMI increased, the percentage of women who reported a physician-confirmed PCOS diagnosis also increased. However, women in India did not follow this trend. CONCLUSION Our findings are based on the largest known PCOS dataset and indicate that symptoms are more complex than previously understood. The most frequently reported symptoms (bloating, facial hirsutism, irregular cycles, hyperpigmentation, and baldness) are broader than those included in the Rotterdam criteria. Future work should reevaluate and refine the criteria utilized in PCOS diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tarun Jain
- Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 676 N. St. Clair, Suite #2310, Chicago, IL, 60611-2914, USA.
- Institute for Public Health and Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA.
| | - Olivia Negris
- Institute for Public Health and Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Dannielle Brown
- Institute for Public Health and Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Isabel Galic
- Institute for Public Health and Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
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Ding H, Zhang J, Zhang F, Zhang S, Chen X, Liang W, Xie Q. Resistance to the Insulin and Elevated Level of Androgen: A Major Cause of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2021; 12:741764. [PMID: 34745009 PMCID: PMC8564180 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2021.741764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
PCOS has a wide range of negative impacts on women's health and is one of the most frequent reproductive systemic endocrine disorders. PCOS has complex characteristics and symptom heterogeneity due to the several pathways that are involved in the infection and the absence of a comm14on cause. A recent study has shown that the main etiology and endocrine aspects of PCOS are the increased level of androgen, which is also known as "hyperandrogenemia (HA)" and secondly the "insulin resistance (IR)". The major underlying cause of the polycystic ovary is these two IR and HA, by initiating the disease and its severity or duration. As a consequence, study on Pathogenesis is crucial to understand the effect of "HA" and "IR" on the pathophysiology of numerous symptoms linked to PCOS. A deep understanding of the pattern of the growth in PCOS for HA and IR can help ameliorate the condition, along with adjustments in nutrition and life, as well as the discovery of new medicinal products. However, further research is required to clarify the mutual role of IR and HA on PCOS development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haigang Ding
- Department of Gynecology, Shaoxing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Shaoxing, China
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, China
| | - Juan Zhang
- Department of Gynecology, Shaoxing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Shaoxing, China
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, China
| | - Feng Zhang
- Department of Gynecology, Shaoxing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Shaoxing, China
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, China
| | - Songou Zhang
- College of Medicine, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, China
| | - Xiaozhen Chen
- College of Medicine, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, China
| | - Wenqing Liang
- Medical Research Center, Zhoushan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Zhoushan, China
- *Correspondence: Qiong Xie, ; Wenqing Liang,
| | - Qiong Xie
- Department of Gynecology, Zhoushan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Zhoushan, China
- *Correspondence: Qiong Xie, ; Wenqing Liang,
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De Diego MV, Gómez-Pardo O, Groar JK, López-Escobar A, Martín-Estal I, Castilla-Cortázar I, Rodríguez-Zambrano MÁ. Metabolic impact of current therapeutic strategies in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: a preliminary study. Arch Gynecol Obstet 2020; 302:1169-1179. [DOI: 10.1007/s00404-020-05696-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2020] [Accepted: 07/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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Idicula-Thomas S, Gawde U, Bhaye S, Pokar K, Bader GD. Meta-analysis of gene expression profiles of lean and obese PCOS to identify differentially regulated pathways and risk of comorbidities. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2020; 18:1735-1745. [PMID: 32695266 PMCID: PMC7352056 DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2020.06.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2020] [Revised: 06/13/2020] [Accepted: 06/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a complex multigenic disorder and women with PCOS suffer from several comorbidities. Although, obesity is a known risk factor for PCOS, the incidence of lean women with PCOS is on the rise. A systematic and comparative study on lean and obese PCOS with respect to genes, pathways and comorbidity analysis has not been attempted so far. Analysis of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) across tissue types for lean and obese PCOS revealed that the majority of them were downregulated for lean and obese PCOS. Ovarian and endometrial tissues shared several commonly dysregulated genes, suggesting shared PCOS pathophysiology mechanisms exist across tissues. Several pathways for cellular homeostasis, such as inflammation and immune response, insulin signaling, steroidogenesis, hormonal and metabolic signaling, regulation of gonadotrophic hormone secretion, cell structure and signaling that are known to be affected in PCOS were found to be enriched in our gene expression analysis of lean and obese PCOS. The gene-disease network is denser for obese PCOS with a higher comorbidity score as compared to lean PCOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan Idicula-Thomas
- Biomedical Informatics Centre, Indian Council of Medical Research-National Institute for Research in Reproductive Health, Mumbai 400012, India.,The Donnelly Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Ulka Gawde
- Biomedical Informatics Centre, Indian Council of Medical Research-National Institute for Research in Reproductive Health, Mumbai 400012, India
| | - Sameeksha Bhaye
- Biomedical Informatics Centre, Indian Council of Medical Research-National Institute for Research in Reproductive Health, Mumbai 400012, India
| | - Khushal Pokar
- Biomedical Informatics Centre, Indian Council of Medical Research-National Institute for Research in Reproductive Health, Mumbai 400012, India
| | - Gary D Bader
- The Donnelly Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
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Lawal OI, Akinyemi JO, Yusuff JDO, Okunlola MA. Perceived stress, psychological distress and serum anti-Müllerian hormone levels among infertile and fertile women in North-central Nigeria. MIDDLE EAST FERTILITY SOCIETY JOURNAL 2020. [DOI: 10.1186/s43043-020-00029-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Previous studies reported that self-reported stress, stressful life events, and psychological distress influence ovarian ageing and response. However, there are limited, yet conflicting findings on the effect of stress and psychological distress on serum anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) as a biomarker of ovarian reserve, response, and ageing. This case-control study aimed to determine if stress and psychological distress levels were associated with serum anti-Müllerian hormone levels among 81 infertile and 109 fertile women of reproductive age attending the gynaecology and immunization clinics of a tertiary hospital in North-central Nigeria, respectively. Stress and psychological distress were measured using the Perceived Stress scale-10 and Kessler Psychological Distress Scale-10, respectively. The serum concentration of AMH was determined using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays.
Results
There was a significantly higher stress (p = 0.001) and psychological distress (p = 0.005) levels among infertile women; however, there was no difference in serum anti-Müllerian hormone levels between the two groups (p = 0.409). There was no significant correlation found between perceived stress and serum anti-Müllerian hormone in both infertile (r = 0.041, p = 0.719) and fertile (r = − 0.090, p = 0.353) women. There was also no correlation between psychological distress and serum anti-Müllerian hormone in the infertile (r = − 0.020, p = 0.860) and fertile (r = − 0.049, p = 0.636) groups. Controlling for age and body mass index in multivariate linear regression; stress and psychological distress were not significantly associated with serum anti-Müllerian hormone (B = − 0.005; p = 0.370 and B = − 0.001; p = 0.811).
Conclusion
Self-reported stress and psychological distress are not associated with serum anti-Müllerian hormone levels in infertile and fertile women of reproductive age. Also, ovarian ageing was accelerated in infertile women when compared to fertile women; however, this does not appear to be related to stress or psychological distress. More research is needed to understand factors that may contribute to this accelerated decline.
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Wambier CG, Goren A, Vaño-Galván S, Ramos PM, Ossimetha A, Nau G, Herrera S, McCoy J. Androgen sensitivity gateway to COVID-19 disease severity. Drug Dev Res 2020; 81:771-776. [PMID: 32412125 PMCID: PMC7273095 DOI: 10.1002/ddr.21688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2020] [Revised: 05/04/2020] [Accepted: 05/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
In this communication, we present arguments for androgen sensitivity as a likely determinant of COVID‐19 disease severity. The androgen sensitivity model explains why males are more likely to develop severe symptoms while children are ostensibly resistant to infection. Further, the model explains the difference in COVID‐19 mortality rates among different ethnicities. Androgen sensitivity is determined by genetic variants of the androgen receptor. The androgen receptor regulates transcription of the transmembrane protease, serine 2 (TMPRSS2), which is required for SARS‐CoV‐2 infectivity. TMPRSS2 primes the Spike protein of the virus, which has two consequences: diminishing viral recognition by neutralizing antibodies and activating SARS‐CoV‐2 for virus‐cell fusion. Genetic variants that have been associated with androgenetic alopecia, prostate cancer, benign prostatic hyperplasia and polycystic ovary syndrome could be associated with host susceptibility. In addition to theoretical epidemiological and molecular mechanisms, there are reports of high rates of androgenetic alopecia of from hospitalized COVID‐19 patients due to severe symptoms. Androgen sensitivity is a likely determinant of COVID‐19 disease severity. We believe that the evidence presented in this communication warrants the initiation of trials using anti‐androgen agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Gustavo Wambier
- Department of Dermatology, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA
| | - Andy Goren
- Applied Biology, Inc., Irvine, California, USA
| | | | - Paulo Müller Ramos
- Department of Dermatology and Radiotherapy, São Paulo State University - UNESP, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Gerard Nau
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA
| | - Sabina Herrera
- Trichology Unit, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Madrid, Spain
| | - John McCoy
- Applied Biology, Inc., Irvine, California, USA
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Efficacy and Safety of Tracnil™ Administration in Patients with Dermatological Manifestations of PCOS: An Open-Label Single-Arm Study. Dermatol Res Pract 2020; 2020:7019126. [PMID: 32256563 PMCID: PMC7128037 DOI: 10.1155/2020/7019126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2019] [Accepted: 02/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Myo-inositol's role in improving acne by reducing hyperandrogenism has been demonstrated in PCOS patients. Inositol and associated molecules display inhibitory properties against 5-α reductase, COX-2, and lipase enzymes in addition to their antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory properties. However, the role of myo-inositol is not well established in women patients with normal hormone levels but with clinical manifestations of PCOS. In this study, we evaluate the efficacy of Tracnil™, a combination of myo-inositol with folic acid and vitamin D3, in resolving acne in overweight women of menstruation age displaying normal hormone levels. It is a single-arm study conducted at 2 centers including 33 women with acne, hirsutism, and menstrual irregularities. Acne and hirsutism were assessed by manual lesion count, modified Cook's scale, and modified Ferriman–Gallwey hirsutism score (mFGHS). Hormone levels and safety parameters were assessed throughout the study. Our results show that Tracnil™ monotherapy could drastically reduce acne-related lesions of both inflammatory and noninflammatory types as quickly as 8 weeks. Additionally, it improves hirsutism and menstrual irregularities. Adverse reactions were negligible during the whole study period with no drastic side effects reflected by a modulatory effect on hormone levels. Despite the subjects having normal hormone levels, the acne treatment with myo-inositol and vitamin D3 shows improvement in hirsutism and regularization of menstrual cycle. Therefore, we attribute the mechanism of action of Tracnil™ to modulation of receptor sensitivity to sex hormones or other downstream processing events. Tracnil™ may be considered as a first-line treatment for dermatological manifestations of PCOS even in the absence of significant hormonal abnormalities. This treatment is practically implementable in a dermatologists's office practise.
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Huang L, Wang L. Association between VEGF gene polymorphisms (11 sites) and polycystic ovary syndrome risk. Biosci Rep 2020; 40:BSR20191691. [PMID: 32003435 PMCID: PMC7070149 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20191691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2019] [Revised: 12/13/2019] [Accepted: 01/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) plays a critical role in ovarian folliculogenesis and normal reproductive function. So far, several studies focusing on association between VEGF gene polymorphisms and polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). However, above association between the VEGF gene polymorphisms and PCOS susceptibility is uncertain. Hence, we performed a timely meta-analysis containing all current publications to make clear this relationship. We searched articles from the PubMed, Embase and Chinese language (WanFang and CNKI) databases that were published up until May 10, 2019. Finally, we obtained 9 studies, containing 29 case-control studies and 11 different polymorphisms. The odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were revealed association strengths. There were significantly decreased associations between rs2010963 (-634), +9812, +405 polymorphisms and PCOS risk. Nevertheless, there existed increased associations between rs699947 (-2578), rs833061, rs1570360 (-1154), rs3025020, rs3025039 polymorphisms and PCOS susceptibility. Our current analysis suggested VEGF gene polymorphisms may be associated with PCOS risk, which is possible to be expected to become biomarkers of early detection for women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Huang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Xishui Hospital, Affiliated to Hubei Institute of Science and Technology, China
| | - Lunwen Wang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Xishui Hospital, Affiliated to Hubei Institute of Science and Technology, China
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Zhang B, Zhou W, Shi Y, Zhang J, Cui L, Chen ZJ. Lifestyle and environmental contributions to ovulatory dysfunction in women of polycystic ovary syndrome. BMC Endocr Disord 2020; 20:19. [PMID: 32000752 PMCID: PMC6993477 DOI: 10.1186/s12902-020-0497-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2019] [Accepted: 01/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common reason of anovulatory infertility. Environmental factor is one of the main causes of PCOS, but its contribution to ovulatory dysfunction in PCOS remains unknown. METHODS A total of 2217 infertile women diagnosed as PCOS according to Rotterdam criteria were recruited, including 1979 women with oligo-anovulation (OA group) and 238 women with normal -anovulation (non OA group). Besides, 279 healthy control women of reproductive age were enrolled as controls. RESULTS Frequencies of snoring (PCOS-OA group, PCOS-non-OA group, control group: 29.30% vs 18.10% vs 11.50%, P < 0.01), smoking (37.70% vs 28.10% vs 12.20%, P < 0.01), plastic tableware usage (38.30% vs 28.10% vs 25.40%, P < 0.01) and indoor decoration (32.10% vs 24.80% vs 16.80%, P < 0.01) were highest in PCOS-OA group. After adjusted for multivariable, difference remained significant between PCOS-OA group and the other two groups. PCOS-OA women preferred a meat favorable diet compared to PCOS-non-OA group (54.60% vs 41.30%, P < 0.01). There was no difference between three groups in exercise, frequency of insomnia, and alcohol consumption. CONCLUSIONS Smoking, snoring, hyper-caloric diet, plastic tableware usage and indoor decoration were found to be associated with an increased risk for ovulatory dysfunction in women suffering from PCOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingqian Zhang
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Shandong University, No.157 of Jingliu Street, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
- National Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Reproductive Genetics, Shandong University, No.44 of Wenhua Street, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
- Key laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology of Ministry of Education, Shandong University, No.44 of Wenhua street, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
- Shandong Provincial Clinical Medicine Research Center for Reproductive Health, Shandong University, No.157 of Jingliu Street, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Wei Zhou
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Shandong University, No.157 of Jingliu Street, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
- National Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Reproductive Genetics, Shandong University, No.44 of Wenhua Street, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
- Key laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology of Ministry of Education, Shandong University, No.44 of Wenhua street, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
- Shandong Provincial Clinical Medicine Research Center for Reproductive Health, Shandong University, No.157 of Jingliu Street, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Yuhua Shi
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Shandong University, No.157 of Jingliu Street, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
- National Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Reproductive Genetics, Shandong University, No.44 of Wenhua Street, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
- Key laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology of Ministry of Education, Shandong University, No.44 of Wenhua street, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
- Shandong Provincial Clinical Medicine Research Center for Reproductive Health, Shandong University, No.157 of Jingliu Street, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- Ministry of Education-Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children's Environmental Health, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao-Tong University, No.1665 of Kongjiang Street, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Linlin Cui
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Shandong University, No.157 of Jingliu Street, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China.
- National Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Reproductive Genetics, Shandong University, No.44 of Wenhua Street, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China.
- Key laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology of Ministry of Education, Shandong University, No.44 of Wenhua street, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China.
- Shandong Provincial Clinical Medicine Research Center for Reproductive Health, Shandong University, No.157 of Jingliu Street, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China.
| | - Zi-Jiang Chen
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Shandong University, No.157 of Jingliu Street, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
- National Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Reproductive Genetics, Shandong University, No.44 of Wenhua Street, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
- Key laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology of Ministry of Education, Shandong University, No.44 of Wenhua street, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
- Shandong Provincial Clinical Medicine Research Center for Reproductive Health, Shandong University, No.157 of Jingliu Street, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Assisted Reproduction and Reproductive Genetics, No.845 of Lingshan Street, Shanghai, 200088, China
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, No.845 of Lingshan Street, Shanghai, 200088, China
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Zarei E, Mohajery H, Aliakbari F, Zadeh FM, Veghari G, Mansourian A. Association of Perforin and Granzyme-B Levels with Hyperandrogenism in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Case-Control Study. Pak J Biol Sci 2020; 22:393-399. [PMID: 31930827 DOI: 10.3923/pjbs.2019.393.399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is shown to be associated with hyperandrogenemia and has some features such as cytotoxic T-cells activation and release of perforin and granzyme-B. Present work was aimed to investigate the relation of perforin and granzyme-B to androgenic state in PCOS. MATERIALS AND METHODS Forty three PCOS and 40 control women were recruited. After recording demographic data, sex hormone status and cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors were evaluated. Perforin and granzyme-B levels were measured using sandwich ELISA kits. RESULTS Sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG) levels were lower in patients. Luteinizing hormone (LH), free testosterone (FT), dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEA-S), free androgen index (FAI), perforin and granzyme-B values were higher in PCOS group. Perforin and granzyme-B were positively correlated with FT and FAI and with each other in PCOS group. In patients, granzyme-B and perforin were related with FT and FAI, respectively. CONCLUSION The results of present study together with evidences about the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines in insulin resistance, CVD and PCOS suggest that perforin/granzyme-B may be involved in interactions of sex hormones system in PCOS patients.
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Kulkarni R, Teves ME, Han AX, McAllister JM, Strauss JF. Colocalization of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Candidate Gene Products in Theca Cells Suggests Novel Signaling Pathways. J Endocr Soc 2019; 3:2204-2223. [PMID: 31723719 PMCID: PMC6839531 DOI: 10.1210/js.2019-00169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2019] [Accepted: 09/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Genome-wide association studies identified loci associated with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), including those near the LH receptor gene (LHCGR), a clathrin-binding protein (DENND1A) that functions as a guanine nucleotide exchange factor, and the gene encoding RAB5B, a GTPase involved in vesicular trafficking. We proposed that these three PCOS loci could be assembled into a functional network that contributes to altered gene expression in theca cells, resulting in increased androgen synthesis. The functional significance of this network was supported by our discovery that a truncated protein splice variant of the DENND1A gene, termed DENND1A.V2, is elevated in PCOS theca cells, and that forced expression of DENND1A.V2 in normal theca cells increased CYP11A1 and CYP17A1 expression and androgen synthesis, a hallmark of PCOS. In this study, we demonstrate the colocalization of LHCGR, DENND1AV.2, and RAB5B proteins in various cellular compartments in normal and PCOS theca cells by immunofluorescence. Human chorionic gonadotropin and forskolin stimulation was shown to affect the cytoplasmic distribution of LHCGR, DENND1A.V2, and RAB5B. DENND1A.V2 accumulated in the nuclei of the theca cells. Moreover, PCOS theca cells, following forskolin treatment, had a significantly greater relative abundance of nuclear DENND1A.V2. RAB5B also accumulated in the nuclei of PCOS theca cells treated with forskolin. In contrast, LHCGR did not enter the nucleus. This cytological evidence, and the previously reported increase in androgen biosynthesis with forced expression of DENND1A.V2 in normal theca cells, raises the possibility that DENND1A.V2 and RAB5B participate in increasing transcription of genes involved in androgen synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rewa Kulkarni
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Maria E Teves
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Angela X Han
- Department of Pathology, Penn State Hershey College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania
| | - Jan M McAllister
- Department of Pathology, Penn State Hershey College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania
| | - Jerome F Strauss
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
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A comprehensive review of clinical studies with herbal medicine on polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 27:863-877. [PMID: 31741280 DOI: 10.1007/s40199-019-00312-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2018] [Accepted: 11/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a frequent medical condition characterized by both metabolic and reproductive disorders. Different pharmaceutical treatments have been proposed for PCOS. However, side effects of long-term treatments and their probable low efficacy have made complementary and alternative treatments a valuable option. Recent reports have indicated the increased use of complementary treatments. Herbal medicine, as part of complementary medicine, was find introduced in traditional Persian and Chinese medicine. Medicinal herbs have used for a long time in the treatment of gynecological and infertility problems of PCOS patients. In this study, we aimed to review herbal medicines used for PCOS worldwide. METHODS PubMed, Embase, Cochrane, and Scopus databases were searched for clinical trials and Randomized Controlled Trials based on related keywords. Data were collected from 1990 to 2019. RESULTS According to a multitude of studies, a wide spectrum of herbs can be used to improve various aspects of PCOS. Herbs such as Cinnamomum verum, Trigonella foenum-graecum L., and Vitex agnus-castus can impact on menstrual and ovulatory dysfunctions, obesity, insulin resistance, lipid-metabolism dysfunction, and androgen excess-related conditions. CONCLUSION Some plants as natural remedies may have beneficial effects on improving different aspects of PCOS; but further studies are needed to investigate their mechanisms and safety.
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Association of serum levels of vascular endothelial growth factor and thrombospondin-1 to body mass index in polycystic ovary syndrome: a case-control study. Obstet Gynecol Sci 2019; 62:420-428. [PMID: 31777738 PMCID: PMC6856488 DOI: 10.5468/ogs.2019.62.6.420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2019] [Revised: 04/15/2019] [Accepted: 06/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a gynecological endocrine disorder that is characterized by disturbances in ovarian blood flow and angiogenesis. The aim of this study was to determine the association of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and thrombospondin-1 (TSP-1) serum levels with the body mass index (BMI) in patients with PCOS compared with healthy subjects. Methods The study was conducted with 80 subjects in 3 PCOS groups, including normal weight, overweight, and obese PCOS groups, and a control group of healthy subjects (n=20). The participants in all groups completed a questionnaire comprising sociodemographic and obstetric questions. The PCOS diagnosis in the study subjects was confirmed based on the Rotterdam criteria, BMI was determined according to the World Health Organization guidelines, and the lipid accumulation product index was calculated for all groups. Venous blood samples were collected from all participants after fasting to measure the serum levels of fasting blood glucose (FBG), lipids, insulin, VEGF, TSP-1, and leptin. Results Our findings showed that the serum VEGF level was significantly higher in the normal BMI PCOS group than that in the control group (P=0.03), and the TSP-1 level was significantly lower in the obese PCOS group than that in the control group (P=0.04). Conclusions Our study demonstrated that alterations in VEGF and TSP-1 concentrations are dependent on BMI. Because abnormal ovarian angiogenesis is considered to be the main feature of PCOS, the study of ovarian angiogenic imbalance is proposed as a new tool for PCOS diagnosis and management.
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McAllister JM, Han AX, Modi BP, Teves ME, Mavodza GR, Anderson ZL, Shen T, Christenson LK, Archer KJ, Strauss JF. miRNA Profiling Reveals miRNA-130b-3p Mediates DENND1A Variant 2 Expression and Androgen Biosynthesis. Endocrinology 2019; 160:1964-1981. [PMID: 31184707 PMCID: PMC6656421 DOI: 10.1210/en.2019-00013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2019] [Accepted: 06/05/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine disorder of reproductive-age women involving overproduction of ovarian androgens and, in some cases, from the adrenal cortex. Family studies have established that PCOS is a complex heritable disorder with genetic and epigenetic components. Several small, noncoding RNAs (miRNAs) have been shown to be differentially expressed in ovarian cells and follicular fluid and in the circulation of women with PCOS. However, there are no reports of global miRNA expression and target gene analyses in ovarian theca cells isolated from normal cycling women and women with PCOS, which are key to the elucidation of the basis for the hyperandrogenemia characteristic of PCOS. With the use of small RNA deep sequencing (miR-seq), we identified 18 differentially expressed miRNAs in PCOS theca cells; of these, miR-130b-3p was predicted to target one of the PCOS genome-wide association study candidates, differentially expressed in neoplastic vs normal cells domain containing 1A (DENND1A). We previously reported that DENND1A variant 2 (DENND1A.V2), a truncated isoform of DENND1A, is upregulated in PCOS theca cells and mediates augmented androgen biosynthesis in PCOS theca cells. The comparison of miR-130b-3p in normal and PCOS theca cells demonstrated decreased miR-130b-3p expression in PCOS theca cells, which was correlated with increased DENND1A.V2, cytochrome P450 17α-hydroxylase (CYP17A1) mRNA and androgen biosynthesis. miR-130b-3p mimic studies established that increased miR130b-3p is correlated with decreased DENND1A.V2 and CYP17A1 expression. Thus, in addition to genetic factors, post-transcriptional regulatory mechanisms via miR-130b-3p underly androgen excess in PCOS. Ingenuity® Pathway Analysis Core Pathway and Network Analyses suggest a network by which miR-130b-3p, DENND1A, the luteinizing hormone/choriogonadotropin receptor, Ras-related protein 5B, and signaling pathways that they potentially target may mediate hyperandrogenism in PCOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan M McAllister
- Department of Pathology, Pennsylvania State College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania
- Correspondence:Jan M. McAllister, PhD, Department of Pathology, Pennsylvania State Hershey College of Medicine, 500 University Drive, H083, Hershey, Pennsylvania 17036. E-mail:
| | - Angela X Han
- Department of Pathology, Pennsylvania State College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania
| | - Bhavi P Modi
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Maria E Teves
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Grace R Mavodza
- Department of Pathology, Pennsylvania State College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania
| | - Zachary L Anderson
- Department of Pathology, Pennsylvania State College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania
| | | | - Lane K Christenson
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas
| | - Kellie J Archer
- Division of Biostatistics, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Jerome F Strauss
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
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