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Nascimento DVG, Alencar DF, da Silva MVB, Rocha DG, Roncari CF, Jorge RJB, Alves RDS, David RB, Ferreira e Silva WT, Galindo LCM, de Queiroz TM. Cardiovascular and Renal Effects Induced by Alpha-Lipoic Acid Treatment in Two-Kidney-One-Clip Hypertensive Rats. Biomedicines 2024; 12:1751. [PMID: 39200216 PMCID: PMC11351279 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12081751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2024] [Revised: 07/30/2024] [Accepted: 08/01/2024] [Indexed: 09/02/2024] Open
Abstract
α-Lipoic acid (LA) is an antioxidant of endogenous production, also obtained exogenously. Oxidative stress is closely associated with hypertension, which causes kidney injury and endothelial dysfunction. Here, we evaluated the cardiovascular and renal effects of LA in the two-kidney-one-clip (2K1C) hypertension model. The rats were divided into four groups: Sham surgery (Sham), the two-kidneys-one-clip (2K1C) group, and groups treated with LA for 14 days (Sham-LA and 2K1C-LA). No changes were observed in the pattern of food, water intake, and urinary volume. The left/right kidney weight LKw/RKw ratio was significantly higher in 2K1C animals. LA treatment did not reverse the increase in cardiac mass. In relation to vascular reactivity, there was an increase in the potency of phenylephrine (PHE) curve in the hypertensive animals treated with LA compared to the 2K1C group and also compared to the Sham group. Vasorelaxation induced by acetylcholine (Ach) and sodium nitroprusside (SNP) were not improved by treatment with LA. Urea and creatinine levels were not altered by the LA treatment. In conclusion, the morphological changes in the aorta and heart were not reversed; however, the treatment with LA mitigated the contraction increase induced by the 2K1C hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Déborah Victória Gomes Nascimento
- Laboratory of Nutrition, Physical Activity and Phenotypic Plasticity, Federal University of Pernambuco—UFPE, Vitória de Santo Antão 55608-680, Brazil; (D.V.G.N.); (M.V.B.d.S.); (W.T.F.e.S.); (L.C.M.G.)
| | - Darlyson Ferreira Alencar
- Department of Morphology, School of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará—UFC, Fortaleza 60430-160, Brazil; (D.F.A.); (R.J.B.J.); (R.d.S.A.)
| | - Matheus Vinicius Barbosa da Silva
- Laboratory of Nutrition, Physical Activity and Phenotypic Plasticity, Federal University of Pernambuco—UFPE, Vitória de Santo Antão 55608-680, Brazil; (D.V.G.N.); (M.V.B.d.S.); (W.T.F.e.S.); (L.C.M.G.)
| | - Danilo Galvão Rocha
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará—UFC, Fortaleza 60430-160, Brazil; (D.G.R.); (C.F.R.); (R.B.D.)
| | - Camila Ferreira Roncari
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará—UFC, Fortaleza 60430-160, Brazil; (D.G.R.); (C.F.R.); (R.B.D.)
| | - Roberta Jeane Bezerra Jorge
- Department of Morphology, School of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará—UFC, Fortaleza 60430-160, Brazil; (D.F.A.); (R.J.B.J.); (R.d.S.A.)
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará—UFC, Fortaleza 60430-160, Brazil; (D.G.R.); (C.F.R.); (R.B.D.)
| | - Renata de Sousa Alves
- Department of Morphology, School of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará—UFC, Fortaleza 60430-160, Brazil; (D.F.A.); (R.J.B.J.); (R.d.S.A.)
| | - Richard Boarato David
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará—UFC, Fortaleza 60430-160, Brazil; (D.G.R.); (C.F.R.); (R.B.D.)
| | - Wylla Tatiana Ferreira e Silva
- Laboratory of Nutrition, Physical Activity and Phenotypic Plasticity, Federal University of Pernambuco—UFPE, Vitória de Santo Antão 55608-680, Brazil; (D.V.G.N.); (M.V.B.d.S.); (W.T.F.e.S.); (L.C.M.G.)
| | - Lígia Cristina Monteiro Galindo
- Laboratory of Nutrition, Physical Activity and Phenotypic Plasticity, Federal University of Pernambuco—UFPE, Vitória de Santo Antão 55608-680, Brazil; (D.V.G.N.); (M.V.B.d.S.); (W.T.F.e.S.); (L.C.M.G.)
| | - Thyago Moreira de Queiroz
- Laboratory of Nutrition, Physical Activity and Phenotypic Plasticity, Federal University of Pernambuco—UFPE, Vitória de Santo Antão 55608-680, Brazil; (D.V.G.N.); (M.V.B.d.S.); (W.T.F.e.S.); (L.C.M.G.)
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Jozi F, Kheiripour N, Akhavan Taheri M, Ghavipanjeh G, Nasehi Z, Esmaeil Shahaboddin M. Long-term effects of warm water immersion on kidney tissue damage in diabetic rats. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF BASIC MEDICAL SCIENCES 2024; 27:1162-1171. [PMID: 39055872 PMCID: PMC11266743 DOI: 10.22038/ijbms.2024.74307.16141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024]
Abstract
Objectives This study aimed to investigate the effects of Warm Water Immersion (WWI) on inflammation, kidney function, and kidney tissue damage in rats with diabetes mellitus (DM). Materials and Methods Forty male rats were divided into four groups: Healthy Control (HC), Diabetic Control (DC), Diabetic Rats treated with WWI (DW), and Healthy Rats treated with WWI (HW). Daily 15-minute WWI sessions at 43 °C were administered for eight weeks. Various parameters including lipids, fasting blood sugar (FBS), HbA1C, insulin, advanced glycation end products (AGEs), HSP70, glomerular filtration rate (GFR), urinary albumin excretion, creatinine, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), oxidative stress, anti-oxidant parameters, and gene expression of RAGE, VEGF, and TGFß1 were assessed. Histological examination of kidney tissue was also conducted. Results Significant reductions in FBS, AGEs, glutathione, superoxide dismutase (SOD), and nitric oxide (NO) levels were observed in the DW group compared to DC. Expression of RAGE, VEGF, and TGFß1 genes decreased in DW. Triglycerides, total cholesterol, and LDL cholesterol were lower in DW. Insulin, HDL cholesterol, catalase, total anti-oxidant capacity (TAC), and tissue HSP70 were higher in DW. Histological assessment revealed reduced kidney damage in DW compared to DC. Conclusion WWI for eight weeks shows promise in mitigating diabetic nephropathy in rats, suggesting its potential as a non-invasive adjunctive therapy for managing diabetes complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faezeh Jozi
- Institute for Basic Sciences, Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Kashan University of Medical Sciences
| | - Nejat Kheiripour
- Institute for Basic Sciences, Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Kashan University of Medical Sciences
| | | | - Gholamreza Ghavipanjeh
- Gametogenesis Research Center, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Science, Kashan, Iran
| | - Zahra Nasehi
- Institute for Basic Sciences, Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Kashan University of Medical Sciences
| | - Mohammad Esmaeil Shahaboddin
- Institute for Basic Sciences, Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Kashan University of Medical Sciences
- Institute for Basic Sciences, Physiology Research Center, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
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Liu Z, Daniels T, Campen MJ, Alvidrez RIM. Inflammatory atherosclerotic plaque identification by SPECT/CT imaging of LFA-1 using [ 111In] In-DANBIRT in a novel dyslipidemic rat model. Ann Nucl Med 2023; 37:635-643. [PMID: 37742306 DOI: 10.1007/s12149-023-01868-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Atherosclerosis is prevalent globally, closely associated with dyslipidemia and other metabolic dysfunction. Early diagnosis of atherosclerosis is challenging due to limited diagnostic capabilities that need to be expanded with animal models with enhanced vascular biology like rats. Our previous research showed [111In] In-DANBIRT has potential as a diagnostic tool for detecting atherosclerosis in mice. The primary aim of the present study is to evaluate [111In] In-DANBIRT in a novel atherosclerotic rat with early- and late-stage atherosclerosis and metabolic disease. METHODS We characterized metabolic and body composition differences in these novel dyslipidemic rats under different diets using serum chemistry and dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) scan, respectively. We performed 1-h post-injection in vivo molecular imaging of ApoE knockout, lean Zucker (LZ) male rats at baseline and followed them into 10 weeks of either normal or high-fat/cholesterol diet implementation (22 weeks of age). RESULTS We identified significant differences in body composition and metabolic changes in ApoE knockout rats compared to ApoE wildtype rats. Our findings indicate an increased uptake of [111In] In-DANBIRT in ApoE knockout, lean Zucker (LZ) rats, particularly in the descending aorta, a location where early-stage atherosclerosis is commonly found. Our findings, however, also revealed that the ApoE knockout, Zucker diabetic fatty (ZDF) model has high mortality rate, which may be attributed to alterations of critical enzymes involved in regulating metabolism and liver function. CONCLUSION Our results are highly encouraging as they demonstrated the potential of [111In] In-DANBIRT to detect early-stage atherosclerosis in rats that might otherwise go unnoticed by other methods, showcasing the high sensitivity of [111In] In-DANBIRT. Our future studies will aim to establish a viable T2D atherosclerosis model in rats with more advanced stages of the disease to further demonstrate the reliability of [111In] In-DANBIRT as a diagnostic tool for patients in all stages of atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeyu Liu
- Trauma and Transfusion Medicine Research Center, Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Tamara Daniels
- Department of Radiopharmaceutical Sciences, University of New Mexico College of Pharmacy, Albuquerque, NM, 87131, USA
- College of Pharmacy, Health Sciences Center, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, 87131, USA
- Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, 87106, USA
| | - Matthew J Campen
- College of Pharmacy, Health Sciences Center, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, 87131, USA
- Clinical and Translational Science Center, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, 87131, USA
- Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, 87106, USA
| | - Roberto Ivan Mota Alvidrez
- Trauma and Transfusion Medicine Research Center, Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA.
- Department of Radiopharmaceutical Sciences, University of New Mexico College of Pharmacy, Albuquerque, NM, 87131, USA.
- College of Pharmacy, Health Sciences Center, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, 87131, USA.
- Pittsburgh Liver Research Center Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA.
- Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA.
- McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA.
- Clinical and Translational Science Center, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, 87131, USA.
- Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, 87106, USA.
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Bawari S, Sah AN, Gupta P, Zengin G, Tewari D. Himalayan Citrus jambhiri juice reduced renal crystallization in nephrolithiasis by possible inhibition of glycolate oxidase and matrix metalloproteinases. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 306:116157. [PMID: 36646157 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.116157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2022] [Revised: 01/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Citrus fruits are a very rich source of electrolytes and citric acid. They have been used traditionally for treating urinary ailments and renal stones. Citrus jambhiri is indigenously used as a diuretic. AIM OF THE STUDY Present study aimed at establishing the antiurolithiatic potential of the juice of Citrus jambhiri fruits along with the elucidation of the mechanism involved in the urolithiasis disease defying activity. METHODS The antiurolithiatic activity was established by means of nucleation, growth and aggregation assay in the in vitro settings and by means of ethylene glycol mediated calcium oxalate urolithiasis in the male Wistar rats. Docking studies were performed in an attempt to determine the mechanism of the antiurolithiatic action. RESULTS Present study revealed the role of C. jambhiri fruit juice in reducing nucleation, growth and aggregation of calcium oxalate crystals by possible reduction in the urinary supersaturation relative to calcium oxalate and raising the zeta potential of the calcium oxalate crystals. C. jambhiri fruit juice treatment in experimental rats produced significant amelioration of hypercalciuria, hyperoxaluria, hyperphosphaturia, hyperproteinuria, hyperuricosuria, hypocitraturia and hypomagnesiuria and ion activity product of calcium oxalate. It exhibited nephroprotection against calcium oxalate crystals induced renal tubular dilation and renal tissue deterioration. Docking studies further revealed high binding potential of the phytoconstituents of C. jambhiri viz. narirutin, neohesperidin, hesperidin, rutin and citric acid with glycolate oxidase and matrix metalloproteinase-9. CONCLUSION C. jambhiri fruit juice possesses excellent antiurolithiatic activity. The study reveals antiurolithiatic mechanism that involves restoration of equilibrium between the promoters and inhibitors of stone formation; and inhibition of matrix metalloproteinases and glycolate oxidase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sweta Bawari
- Amity Institute of Pharmacy, Amity University Campus, Sector-125, Noida, 201313, Gautam Buddha Nagar, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Archana N Sah
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Technology, Bhimtal, Kumaun University, Nainital, Uttarakhand, 263136, India.
| | - Pawan Gupta
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Shri Vile Parle Kelavani Mandal's Institute of Pharmacy, Dhule, Maharashtra, 424001, India
| | - Gökhan Zengin
- Physiology and Biochemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Biology, Science Faculty, Selcuk University, Konya, 42130, Turkey
| | - Devesh Tewari
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Delhi Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research University (DPSRU), New Delhi, 110017, India.
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Liu Z, Shi B, Wang Y, Xu Q, Gao H, Ma J, Jiang X, Yu W. Curcumin alleviates aristolochic acid nephropathy based on SIRT1/Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway. Toxicology 2022; 479:153297. [PMID: 36037877 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2022.153297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Revised: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Aristolochic acid I (AA-I), presenting in a variety of natural medicinal plants, which could cause tubular epithelial cell injury. Curcumin (CUR), a polyphenolic substance isolated from turmeric, is a natural antioxidant. The aim of this experiment was to investigate whether CUR attenuated AA-I-induced renal injury in rats through the SIRT1/Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway. SD rats were treated with AA-I (10 mg/kg) or/and CUR (200 mg/kg) for 28 days to assess the protective effect of CUR on AA-I-induced renal injury in vivo. NRK-52E cells were treated with AA-I (40 μ M) or/and CUR (20 μ M) for 24 h in vitro. The intervention pathway of CUR against oxidative stress injury induced by AA-I was assessed by observing pathological changes, oxidative stress status, apoptosis and the expression of SIRT1/Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway-related factors. The results showed that AA-I exposure increased the contents of BUN, Cr, KIM-1, NGAL, ALT and AST in serum. It increased the content of MDA, decreased the activities of SOD, GST, GSH and the content of ATP in renal tissue. Pathological changes such as inflammatory cell infiltration and mitochondrial injury occurred in renal tissue. AA-I exposure resulted in a substantial rise in the levels of BAX, Ccaspase-9, Cleaved Caspase-9, Caspase-3, Cleaved Caspase-3 and a significant decrease in mRNA and protein expression levels of Bcl-2, SIRT1, Nrf2, NQO1, HO-1 and Keap1. However, these changes were reversed by CUR intervention. In summary, AA-I exposure caused mitochondrial dysfunction and triggered apoptosis through the oxidative stress pathway. However, CUR could reduce AA-I-induced renal injury by activating the SIRT1/Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihui Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, People's Republic of China.
| | - Bendong Shi
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yu Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, People's Republic of China.
| | - Qingyang Xu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, People's Republic of China.
| | - Hongxin Gao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jun Ma
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xiaowen Jiang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, People's Republic of China.
| | - Wenhui Yu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, People's Republic of China; Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for prevention and control of common animal diseases, Harbin 150030, People's Republic of China; Chinese Veterinary Research Institute, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, People's Republic of China.
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Shimizu S, Nagao Y, Kurabayashi A, Shimizu T, Higashi Y, Karashima T, Saito M. Effects of losartan on bladder dysfunction due to aging-related severe hypertension in rats. Eur J Pharmacol 2022; 922:174911. [PMID: 35337813 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2022.174911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2021] [Revised: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Aging is a major risk factor for bladder dysfunction. Anti-hypertensive drugs, angiotensin II type 1 receptor blockers (ARBs), are reported to ameliorate lower urinary tract dysfunction in rodent models and humans. We aimed to examine the preventive effect of an ARB, losartan, against bladder dysfunction due to aging-related severe hypertension. Male spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs) (36-week-old) were administered losartan (0, 3, or 10 mg/kg, p.o.) for 18 weeks. Age-matched, vehicle-treated Wistar Kyoto rats (WKYs) were used as controls. After the treatments, bladder and renal weight, mean blood pressure, and voiding parameters were measured. Additionally, detrusor thickness and bladder arterial wall thickness were evaluated using hematoxylin and eosin staining. Renal morphology was also assessed using periodic acid-Schiff staining. Compared to WKYs, SHRs demonstrated significantly higher bladder weight/body weight ratio (BBR), renal weight/body weight ratio, mean blood pressure, detrusor thickness, bladder arterial wall thickness, urine output, water intake, post-voiding residual urine volume, bladder capacity, intercontraction interval, and rate of glomerular and tubular injury and a lower urine osmolality. A low dose of losartan decreased the urine output, post-voiding residual urine volume, and bladder capacity in SHRs but not mean blood pressure in SHRs. A high dose of losartan decreased the BBR, mean blood pressure, detrusor thickness, bladder arterial wall thickness, post-voiding residual urine volume, bladder capacity, intercontraction interval, and glomerular and tubular injury in SHRs. Losartan inhibits bladder dysfunction in aged SHRs. The ARB losartan might be a preventive drug for bladder dysfunction due to aging-related severe hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shogo Shimizu
- Department of Pharmacology, Kochi Medical School, Kochi University, Nankoku, Japan
| | - Yoshiki Nagao
- Department of Pediatrics, Kochi Medical School, Kochi University, Nankoku, Japan
| | - Atsushi Kurabayashi
- Department of Pathology, Kochi Medical School, Kochi University, Nankoku, Japan
| | - Takahiro Shimizu
- Department of Pharmacology, Kochi Medical School, Kochi University, Nankoku, Japan
| | - Youichirou Higashi
- Department of Pharmacology, Kochi Medical School, Kochi University, Nankoku, Japan
| | - Takashi Karashima
- Department of Urology, Kochi Medical School, Kochi University, Nankoku, Japan
| | - Motoaki Saito
- Department of Pharmacology, Kochi Medical School, Kochi University, Nankoku, Japan.
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Shimizu S, Nagao Y, Kurabayashi A, Shimizu T, Higashi Y, Karashima T, Saito M. Aging-related severe hypertension induces detrusor underactivity in rats. Life Sci 2021; 283:119855. [PMID: 34314734 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.119855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2021] [Revised: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Aging is an obvious risk factor for detrusor underactivity. We investigated the effects of aging on bladder function in spontaneously hypertensive rats. MAIN METHODS Male spontaneously hypertensive rats and Wistar Kyoto rats (used as normotensive controls) at the ages of 18, 36, 54, or 72 weeks were used. Bladder weight, blood pressure, bladder blood flow, and urodynamic and renal parameters were measured. Additionally, detrusor thickness and renal histology were evaluated. KEY FINDINGS In spontaneously hypertensive rats, significant increases were observed in bladder weight/body weight ratio, blood pressure, detrusor thickness, intercontraction interval, urine output, serum creatinine, and renal glomerular and tubular scores, and decreases in bladder blood flow and urine osmolality at 72 weeks as compared to those at 18 weeks. In spontaneously hypertensive rats, significant increases were observed in single voided volume, post voiding residual urine volume, and bladder capacity, with decrease in voiding efficiency were observed at 54 or 72 weeks than at 18 weeks. However, there were no significant differences in blood pressure, urodynamic and renal parameters, detrusor thickness and renal histology among Wistar Kyoto rats of different ages. SIGNIFICANCE In spontaneously hypertensive rats, aging induces significant increases in blood pressure, single voided volume, post voiding residual urine volume, intercontraction intervals and urine output, and decreases in voiding efficiency and bladder blood flow indicative of detrusor underactivity. Aging-related severe hypertension could induce voiding dysfunction such as detrusor underactivity via severe bladder ischemia and polyuria. Aged spontaneously hypertensive rats may be useful animal models for detrusor underactivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shogo Shimizu
- Department of Pharmacology, Kochi Medical School, Kochi University, Nankoku, Japan
| | - Yoshiki Nagao
- Department of Pediatrics, Kochi Medical School, Kochi University, Nankoku, Japan
| | - Atsushi Kurabayashi
- Department of Pathology, Kochi Medical School, Kochi University, Nankoku, Japan
| | - Takahiro Shimizu
- Department of Pharmacology, Kochi Medical School, Kochi University, Nankoku, Japan
| | - Youichirou Higashi
- Department of Pharmacology, Kochi Medical School, Kochi University, Nankoku, Japan
| | - Takashi Karashima
- Department of Urology, Kochi Medical School, Kochi University, Nankoku, Japan
| | - Motoaki Saito
- Department of Pharmacology, Kochi Medical School, Kochi University, Nankoku, Japan.
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Za’abi MA, Ali BH, Al Suleimani Y, Adham SA, Ali H, Manoj P, Ashique M, Nemmar A. The Effect of Metformin in Diabetic and Non-Diabetic Rats with Experimentally-Induced Chronic Kidney Disease. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11060814. [PMID: 34070807 PMCID: PMC8227500 DOI: 10.3390/biom11060814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Revised: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
This work aimed to investigate whether treatment with the antidiabetic drug metformin would affect adenine-induced chronic kidney disease (CKD) in non-diabetic rats and rats with streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetes. Rats were randomly divided into eight groups, and given either normal feed, or feed mixed with adenine (0.25% w/w, for five weeks) to induce CKD. Some of these groups were also simultaneously treated orally with metformin (200 mg/kg/day). Rats given adenine showed the typical signs of CKD that included detrimental changes in several physiological and traditional and novel biochemical biomarkers in plasma urine and kidney homogenates such as albumin/creatinine ratio, N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase, neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin, 8-isoprostane, adiponectin, cystatin C, as well as plasma urea, creatinine, uric acid, indoxyl sulfate, calcium, and phosphorus. Several indices of inflammation and oxidative stress, and renal nuclear factor-κB and nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 levels were also measured. Histopathologically, adenine caused renal tubular necrosis and fibrosis. The activation of the intracellular mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathway was inhibited in the groups that received metformin and STZ together, with or without adenine induced-CKD. Induction of diabetes worsened most of the actions induced by adenine. Metformin significantly ameliorated the renal actions induced by adenine and STZ when these were given singly, and more so when given together. The results suggest that metformin can be a useful drug in attenuating the progression of CKD in both diabetic and non-diabetic rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Al Za’abi
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, Khoud 123, Oman; (M.A.Z.); (B.H.A.); (Y.A.S.); (P.M.); (M.A.)
| | - Badreldin H. Ali
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, Khoud 123, Oman; (M.A.Z.); (B.H.A.); (Y.A.S.); (P.M.); (M.A.)
| | - Yousuf Al Suleimani
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, Khoud 123, Oman; (M.A.Z.); (B.H.A.); (Y.A.S.); (P.M.); (M.A.)
| | - Sirin A. Adham
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat 123, Oman;
| | - Haytham Ali
- Department of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, College of Agricultural and Marine Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat 123, Oman;
| | - Priyadarsini Manoj
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, Khoud 123, Oman; (M.A.Z.); (B.H.A.); (Y.A.S.); (P.M.); (M.A.)
| | - Mohammed Ashique
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, Khoud 123, Oman; (M.A.Z.); (B.H.A.); (Y.A.S.); (P.M.); (M.A.)
| | - Abderrahim Nemmar
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
- Correspondence:
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Obert LA, Elmore SA, Ennulat D, Frazier KS. A Review of Specific Biomarkers of Chronic Renal Injury and Their Potential Application in Nonclinical Safety Assessment Studies. Toxicol Pathol 2021; 49:996-1023. [PMID: 33576319 DOI: 10.1177/0192623320985045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
A host of novel renal biomarkers have been developed over the past few decades which have enhanced monitoring of renal disease and drug-induced kidney injury in both preclinical studies and in humans. Since chronic kidney disease (CKD) and acute kidney injury (AKI) share similar underlying mechanisms and the tubulointerstitial compartment has a functional role in the progression of CKD, urinary biomarkers of AKI may provide predictive information in chronic renal disease. Numerous studies have explored whether the recent AKI biomarkers could improve upon the standard clinical biomarkers, estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), and urinary albumin to creatinine ratio, for predicting outcomes in CKD patients. This review is an introduction to alternative assays that can be utilized in chronic (>3 months duration) nonclinical safety studies to provide information on renal dysfunction and to demonstrate specific situations where these assays could be utilized in nonclinical drug development. Novel biomarkers such as symmetrical dimethyl arginine, dickkopf homolog 3, and cystatin C predict chronic renal injury in animals, act as surrogates for GFR, and may predict changes in GFR in patients over time, ultimately providing a bridge from preclinical to clinical renal monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leslie A Obert
- 549350GlaxoSmithKline (GSK), Nonclinical Safety, Collegeville, PA, USA
| | - Susan A Elmore
- Cellular and Molecular Pathology Branch, National Toxicology Program (NTP), 6857National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - Daniela Ennulat
- 549350GlaxoSmithKline (GSK), Nonclinical Safety, Collegeville, PA, USA
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Liu DJX, Stock E, Broeckx BJG, Daminet S, Meyer E, Delanghe JR, Croubels S, Devreese M, Nguyen P, Bogaerts E, Hesta M, Vanderperren K. Weight-gain induced changes in renal perfusion assessed by contrast-enhanced ultrasound precede increases in urinary protein excretion suggestive of glomerular and tubular injury and normalize after weight-loss in dogs. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0231662. [PMID: 32315336 PMCID: PMC7173781 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0231662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2019] [Accepted: 03/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Early detection of obesity-related glomerulopathy in humans is challenging as it might not be detected by routine biomarkers of kidney function. This study's aim was to use novel kidney biomarkers and contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) to evaluate the effect of obesity development and weight-loss on kidney function, perfusion, and injury in dogs. Sixteen healthy lean adult beagles were assigned randomly but age-matched to a control group (CG) (n = 8) fed to maintain a lean body weight (BW) for 83 weeks; or to a weight-change group (WCG) (n = 8) fed the same diet to induce obesity (week 0-47), to maintain stable obese weight (week 47-56) and to lose BW (week 56-83). At 8 time points, values of systolic blood pressure (sBP); serum creatinine (sCr); blood urea nitrogen (BUN); serum cystatin C (sCysC); urine protein-to-creatinine ratio (UPC); and urinary biomarkers of glomerular and tubular injury were measured. Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and renal perfusion using CEUS were assayed (except for week 68). For CEUS, intensity- and time-related parameters representing blood volume and velocity were derived from imaging data, respectively. At 12-22% weight-gain, cortical time-to-peak, representing blood velocity, was shorter in the WCG vs. the CG. After 37% weight-gain, sCysC, UPC, glomerular and tubular biomarkers of injury, urinary immunoglobulin G and urinary neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin, respectively, were higher in the WCG. sBP, sCr, BUN and GFR were not significantly different. After 23% weight-loss, all alterations were attenuated. Early weight-gain in dogs induced renal perfusion changes measured with CEUS, without hyperfiltration, preceding increased urinary protein excretion with potential glomerular and tubular injury. The combined use of routine biomarkers of kidney function, CEUS and site-specific urinary biomarkers might be valuable in assessing kidney health of individuals at risk for obesity-related glomerulopathy in a non-invasive manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daisy J. X. Liu
- Department of Medical Imaging of Domestic Animals and Orthopedics of Small Animals, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Emmelie Stock
- Department of Medical Imaging of Domestic Animals and Orthopedics of Small Animals, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Bart J. G. Broeckx
- Department of Nutrition, Genetics and Ethology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Sylvie Daminet
- Small Animal Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Evelyne Meyer
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Joris R. Delanghe
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Health Medicine and Life Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Siska Croubels
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Mathias Devreese
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Patrick Nguyen
- Oniris, National College of Veterinary Medicine, Food Science and Engineering, Nantes, France
| | - Evelien Bogaerts
- Department of Medical Imaging of Domestic Animals and Orthopedics of Small Animals, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Myriam Hesta
- Department of Nutrition, Genetics and Ethology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Katrien Vanderperren
- Department of Medical Imaging of Domestic Animals and Orthopedics of Small Animals, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium
- * E-mail:
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11
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McPherson KC, Shields CA, Poudel B, Fizer B, Pennington A, Szabo-Johnson A, Thompson WL, Cornelius DC, Williams JM. Impact of obesity as an independent risk factor for the development of renal injury: implications from rat models of obesity. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2018; 316:F316-F327. [PMID: 30539649 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00162.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes and hypertension are the major causes of chronic kidney disease (CKD). Epidemiological studies within the last few decades have revealed that obesity-associated renal disease is an emerging epidemic and that the increasing prevalence of obesity parallels the increased rate of CKD. This has led to the inclusion of obesity as an independent risk factor for CKD. A major complication when studying the relationship between obesity and renal injury is that cardiovascular and metabolic disorders that may result from obesity including hyperglycemia, hypertension, and dyslipidemia, or the cluster of these disorders [defined as the metabolic syndrome, (MetS)] also contribute to the development and progression of renal disease. The associations between hyperglycemia and hypertension with renal disease have been reported extensively in patients suffering from obesity. Currently, there are several obese rodent models (high-fat diet-induced obesity and leptin signaling dysfunction) that exhibit characteristics of MetS. However, the available obese rodent models currently have not been used to investigate the impact of obesity alone on the development of renal injury before hypertension and/or hyperglycemia. Therefore, the aim of this review is to describe the incidence and severity of renal disease in these rodent models of obesity and determine which models are suitable to study the independent effects obesity on the development and progression of renal disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kasi C McPherson
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi
| | - Corbin A Shields
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi
| | - Bibek Poudel
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi
| | - Brianca Fizer
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi
| | - Alyssa Pennington
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi
| | - Ashley Szabo-Johnson
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi
| | - Willie L Thompson
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi
| | - Denise C Cornelius
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi.,Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center , Jackson, Mississippi
| | - Jan M Williams
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi
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12
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Larina II, Severina AS, Shamkhalova MS, Shestakova MV. Renal experiences of bariatric surgery in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. TERAPEVT ARKH 2018. [DOI: 10.26442/terarkh201890104-108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The review addresses the questions of the literature devoted to the problem of the influence of bariatric surgery on the course of diabetic nephropathy in patients with diabetes mellitus type 2 after achieving a surgically induced remission. This approach was shown to have positive aspects, such as decrease in creatinine, decrease in albuminuria, an increase in GFR, normalization of glycemia and blood pressure, "incretin effect"’s influence on the kidneys. Descriptions of the currently expected pathogenetic mechanisms involved in achieving the observed improvement in microvascular complications of diabetes, namely diabetic kidney disease, are also described in details.
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13
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A comparison between the effects of ochratoxin A and aristolochic acid on the inflammation and oxidative stress in the liver and kidney of weanling piglets. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 2018; 391:1147-1156. [DOI: 10.1007/s00210-018-1538-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2018] [Accepted: 07/13/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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14
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Performance of urinary neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin, clusterin, and cystatin C in predicting diabetic kidney disease and diabetic microalbuminuria: a consecutive cohort study. BMC Nephrol 2017; 18:233. [PMID: 28701152 PMCID: PMC5508763 DOI: 10.1186/s12882-017-0620-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2017] [Accepted: 06/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Tubular biomarkers have been regarded as emerging and promising markers for early diagnosis of diabetic kidney disease (DKD). The study was to determine the diagnostic capabilities of tubular biomarkers (urinary neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin [NGAL], clusterin, and cystatin C) for DKD and diabetic microalbuminuria, and whether or not the tubular biomarkers appear earlier than microalbuminuria. Methods In this consecutive cohort study, 146 type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients with a disease duration of ≥6 years were enrolled. Thirty age- and gender-matched subjects without any systemic diseases were recruited as the control group. Urinary samples collected before treatment were tested for NGAL, clusterin, and cystatin C. Results The levels of biomarkers were higher in patients with DKD (p < 0.001); and positively correlated with the urinary albumin creatinine ratio (UACR; p < 0.001). With respect to the diagnosis of DKD, the areas under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUCs) for urinary NGAL, clusterin, and cystatin C were 0.816 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.741–0.891), 0.775 (95% CI: 0.694–0.857), and 0.803 (95% CI: 0.722–0.884), respectively. The levels of urinary NGAL and cystatin C in the normoalbuminuria group (UACR <30 mg /g•Cr) were elevated compared with the control group, unlike urinary clusterin. There was no statistical difference in the levels of the three biomarkers between groups with different levels of haemoglobin A1C (HbA1c). The diagnostic AUCs for urinary NGAL, clusterin, and cystatin C in patients with diabetic microalbuminuria were 0.841 (95% CI: 0.775–0.907), 0.783(95% CI: 0.710–0.856), and 0.805 (95% CI: 0.733–0.877), respectively. Conclusions Urinary NGAL, clusterin, and cystatin C may be promising biomarkers for diagnosing DKD and diabetic microalbuminuria. It is possible that urinary NGAL and cystatin C increase before the onset of microalbuminuria in T2DM patients.
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McDiarmid MA, Gaitens JM, Hines S, Condon M, Roth T, Oliver M, Gucer P, Brown L, Centeno JA, Dux M, Squibb KS. The U.S. Department of Veterans' Affairs depleted uranium exposed cohort at 25 Years: Longitudinal surveillance results. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2017; 152:175-184. [PMID: 27792941 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2016.10.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2016] [Revised: 09/13/2016] [Accepted: 10/18/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A small group of Gulf War I veterans wounded in depleted uranium (DU) friendly-fire incidents have been monitored for health changes in a clinical surveillance program at the Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Baltimore since 1994. METHODS During the spring of 2015, an in-patient clinical surveillance protocol was performed on 36 members of the cohort, including exposure monitoring for total and isotopic uranium concentrations in urine and a comprehensive assessment of health outcomes. RESULTS On-going mobilization of U from embedded fragments is evidenced by elevated urine U concentrations. The DU isotopic signature is observed principally in participants possessing embedded fragments. Those with only an inhalation exposure have lower urine U concentration and a natural isotopic signature. CONCLUSIONS At 25 years since first exposure to DU, an aging cohort of military veterans continues to show no U-related health effects in known target organs of U toxicity. As U body burden continues to accrue from in-situ mobilization from metal fragment depots, and increases with exposure duration, critical tissue-specific U concentration thresholds may be reached, thus recommending on-going surveillance of this veteran cohort.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa A McDiarmid
- Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center Baltimore, Maryland, 10 N. Greene St., Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 655 W Baltimore S, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Joanna M Gaitens
- Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center Baltimore, Maryland, 10 N. Greene St., Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 655 W Baltimore S, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Stella Hines
- Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center Baltimore, Maryland, 10 N. Greene St., Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 655 W Baltimore S, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Marian Condon
- Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center Baltimore, Maryland, 10 N. Greene St., Baltimore, MD 21201, USA.
| | - Tracy Roth
- Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center Baltimore, Maryland, 10 N. Greene St., Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 655 W Baltimore S, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Marc Oliver
- Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center Baltimore, Maryland, 10 N. Greene St., Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 655 W Baltimore S, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Patricia Gucer
- Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center Baltimore, Maryland, 10 N. Greene St., Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 655 W Baltimore S, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Lawrence Brown
- Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center Baltimore, Maryland, 10 N. Greene St., Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; Department of Pathology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 655 W Baltimore S, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Jose A Centeno
- US Food and Drug Administration, Center for Devices and Radiological Health Office of Science and Engineering Laboratories, Silver Spring, MD 20993, USA
| | - Moira Dux
- Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center Baltimore, Maryland, 10 N. Greene St., Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Katherine S Squibb
- Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center Baltimore, Maryland, 10 N. Greene St., Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 655 W Baltimore S, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
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16
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Peng B, Zhang L, Yan J, Qi H, Zhang W, Fan L, Hu Y, Lin L, Li X, Hu R, Xie L, Zhang J, Wu Y, Li L, Zhou R. Assessment of the diagnostic value of a urinary adipsin rapid strip test for pre-eclampsia: A prospective multicenter study. J Obstet Gynaecol Res 2016; 43:30-33. [PMID: 27928850 DOI: 10.1111/jog.13156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2015] [Accepted: 08/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
AIM The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the clinical value of the rapid strip test of urinary adipsin for the quick diagnosis of pre-eclampsia. METHODS In a multicenter diagnostic test study, we studied the diagnostic accuracy of the rapid strip test of urinary adipsin in women presenting with pre-eclampsia. A total of 204 pre-eclampsia patients and 254 healthy pregnant women were recruited for this study, respectively. The rapid strip test of urinary adipsin was used to detect the adipsin in the urine of each patient. RESULTS The diagnostic value of the rapid strip test of urinary adipsin for pre-eclampsia was demonstrated by its high sensitivity and specificity (95.10% and 97.64%, respectively). The diagnostic accuracy was 96.51%. The consistency analysis showed that the kappa value was 0.93 compared with the gold standard diagnosis of pre-eclampsia. CONCLUSION The rapid strip test of urinary adipsin is a non-invasive test for the diagnosis of pre-eclampsia with high sensitivity and specificity. It could help the quick diagnosis of pre-eclampsia in clinical practice greatly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Peng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, Chengdu, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, Chengdu, China
| | - Jianying Yan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Maternity and Child Care Service Centers in Fujian Province, Fuzhou, China
| | - Hongbo Qi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Weiyuan Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Ling Fan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yayi Hu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, Chengdu, China
| | - Li Lin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaotian Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Rong Hu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lan Xie
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Jianping Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yanqiao Wu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, Chengdu, China
| | - Li Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Daping Hospital of the Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Rong Zhou
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, Chengdu, China
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17
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Goodison S, Ogawa O, Matsui Y, Kobayashi T, Miyake M, Ohnishi S, Fujimoto K, Dai Y, Shimizu Y, Tsukikawa K, Furuya H, Rosser CJ. A multiplex urinary immunoassay for bladder cancer detection: analysis of a Japanese cohort. J Transl Med 2016; 14:287. [PMID: 27717367 PMCID: PMC5055716 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-016-1043-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2016] [Accepted: 09/28/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bladder cancer (BCa) is among the most commonly diagnosed malignancies worldwide, and due the high rate of post-operative disease recurrence, it is one of the most prevalent in many countries. The development of non-invasive molecular assays that can accurately detect and monitor BCa would be a major advance, benefiting both patients and healthcare systems. We have previously identified a urinary protein biomarker panel that is being developed for application in at-risk patient cohorts. Here, we investigated the potential utility of the multiplex assay in a Japanese cohort. METHODS The Japanese study cohort collected from urology clinics at two institutions was comprised of a total of 288 subjects. The protein biomarker panel (IL8, MMP9, MMP10, ANG, APOE, SDC1, A1AT, PAI1, CA9, VEGFA) was monitored in voided urine samples collected prior to cystoscopy using a custom multiplex ELISA assay. The diagnostic performance of the biomarker panel was assessed using receiver operator curves, predictive modeling and descriptive statistics. RESULTS Urinary biomarker concentrations were significantly elevated in cases versus controls, and in cases with high-grade and muscle-invasive tumors. The AUC for the 10-biomarker assay was 0.892 (95 % confidence interval 0.850-0.934), with an overall diagnostic sensitivity specificity of 0.85 and 0.81, respectively. A predictive model trained on the larger institutional cohort correctly identified 99 % of the cases from the second institution. CONCLUSIONS Urinary levels of a 10-biomarker panel enabled discrimination of patients with BCa. The multiplex urinary diagnostic assay has the potential to be developed for the non-invasive detection of BCa in at-risk Japanese patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steve Goodison
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA.,Mayo Clinic Cancer Center, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Osamu Ogawa
- Department of Urology, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | | | | | - Makito Miyake
- Department of Urology, Nara Medical University, Nara, Japan
| | - Sayuri Ohnishi
- Department of Urology, Nara Medical University, Nara, Japan
| | | | - Yunfeng Dai
- Department of Biostatistics, The University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Yoshiko Shimizu
- Clinical and Translational Research Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, 701 Ilalo St, Rm 327, Honolulu, HI, 96813, USA
| | - Kazue Tsukikawa
- Clinical and Translational Research Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, 701 Ilalo St, Rm 327, Honolulu, HI, 96813, USA
| | - Hideki Furuya
- Clinical and Translational Research Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, 701 Ilalo St, Rm 327, Honolulu, HI, 96813, USA
| | - Charles J Rosser
- Clinical and Translational Research Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, 701 Ilalo St, Rm 327, Honolulu, HI, 96813, USA.
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18
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McPherson KC, Taylor L, Johnson AC, Didion SP, Geurts AM, Garrett MR, Williams JM. Early development of podocyte injury independently of hyperglycemia and elevations in arterial pressure in nondiabetic obese Dahl SS leptin receptor mutant rats. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2016; 311:F793-F804. [PMID: 27465994 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00590.2015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2015] [Accepted: 07/25/2016] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The current study examined the effect of obesity on the development of renal injury within the genetic background of the Dahl salt-sensitive rat with a dysfunctional leptin receptor derived from zinc-finger nucleases (SSLepRmutant strain). At 6 wk of age, body weight was 35% higher in the SSLepRmutant strain compared with SSWT rats and remained elevated throughout the entire study. The SSLepRmutant strain exhibited impaired glucose tolerance and increased plasma insulin levels at 6 wk of age, suggesting insulin resistance while SSWT rats did not. However, blood glucose levels were normal throughout the course of the study. Systolic arterial pressure (SAP) was similar between the two strains from 6 to 10 wk of age. However, by 18 wk of age, the development of hypertension was more severe in the SSLepRmutant strain compared with SSWT rats (201 ± 10 vs. 155 ± 3 mmHg, respectively). Interestingly, proteinuria was substantially higher at 6 wk of age in the SSLepRmutant strain vs. SSWT rats (241 ± 27 vs. 24 ± 2 mg/day, respectively) and remained elevated until the end of the study. The kidneys from the SSLepRmutant strain displayed significant glomerular injury, including podocyte foot process effacement and lipid droplets compared with SSWT rats as early as 6 wk of age. By 18 wk of age, plasma creatinine levels were twofold higher in the SSLepRmutant strain vs. SSWT rats, suggesting the presence of chronic kidney disease (CKD). Overall, these results indicate that the SSLepRmutant strain develops podocyte injury and proteinuria independently of hyperglycemia and elevated arterial pressure that later progresses to CKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kasi C McPherson
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi; and
| | - Lateia Taylor
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi; and
| | - Ashley C Johnson
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi; and
| | - Sean P Didion
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi; and
| | - Aron M Geurts
- Human Molecular Genetics Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - Michael R Garrett
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi; and
| | - Jan M Williams
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi; and
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19
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Martin R, Shapiro JI. Role of adipocytes in hypertension. World J Hypertens 2016; 6:66-75. [DOI: 10.5494/wjh.v6.i2.66] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2016] [Accepted: 06/02/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Although it has known for some time that obesity is associated with salt sensitivity and hypertension, recent data suggests that the adipocyte may actually be the proximate cause of this physiological changes. In the following review, the data demonstrating this association as well as the potentially operative pathophysiological mechanisms are reviewed and discussed.
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20
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Llarena M, Andrade F, Hasnaoui M, Portillo MP, Pérez-Matute P, Arbones-Mainar JM, Hijona E, Villanueva-Millán MJ, Aguirre L, Carpéné C, Aldámiz-Echevarría L. Potential renoprotective effects of piceatannol in ameliorating the early-stage nephropathy associated with obesity in obese Zucker rats. J Physiol Biochem 2015; 72:555-66. [PMID: 26660756 DOI: 10.1007/s13105-015-0457-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2015] [Accepted: 11/26/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Obesity-associated nephropathy is considered to be a leading cause of end-stage renal disease. Resveratrol supplementation represents a promising therapy to attenuate kidney injury, but the poor solubility and limited bioavailability of this polyphenol limits its use in dietary intervention. Piceatannol, a resveratrol analogue, has been suggested as a better option. In this study, we aimed to provide evidence of a preventive action of piceatannol in very early stages of obesity-associated nephropathy. Thirty obese Zucker rats were divided into three experimental groups: one control and two groups orally treated for 6 weeks with 15 and 45 mg piceatannol/kg body weight/day. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) were used to determine renal and urinary kidney injury molecule-1 (Kim-1), renal fibrosis markers (transforming growth factor β1 and fibronectin) and renal sirtuin-1 protein. Oxidative stress was assessed in the kidney by measuring lipid peroxidation and nitrosative stress (thiobarbituric acid reactive substrates and 3-nitrotyrosine levels, respectively) together with the activity of the antioxidant enzyme superoxide dismutase. Renal fatty acids profile analysis was performed by thin-layer and gas chromatography. Piceatannol-treated rats displayed lower levels of urinary and renal Kim-1. Renal fibrosis biomarkers and lipid peroxidation exhibited a tendency to decrease in the piceatannol-treated groups. Piceatannol treatment did not modify superoxide dismutase activity or sirtuin-1 protein levels, while it seemed to increase the levels of polyunsaturated and omega-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids in the kidneys. Our findings suggest a mild renoprotective effect of piceatannol in obese Zucker rats and the need of intervention at early stages of renal damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Llarena
- Unit of Metabolism, Cruces University Hospital - BioCruces Health Research Institute, GCV-CIBER de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Plaza de Cruces s/n, 48903, Barakaldo, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Fernando Andrade
- Unit of Metabolism, Cruces University Hospital - BioCruces Health Research Institute, GCV-CIBER de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Plaza de Cruces s/n, 48903, Barakaldo, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Mounia Hasnaoui
- Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM U1048), Toulouse, France
| | - María P Portillo
- Nutrition and Obesity Group, Department of Nutrition and Food Science, University of Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Centro de Investigación Lucio Lascaray, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 01006, Vitoria, Spain
| | - Patricia Pérez-Matute
- HIV and Associated Metabolic Alterations Unit, Infectious Diseases Department, Center for Biomedical Research of La Rioja (CIBIR), Logroño, Spain
| | - Jose M Arbones-Mainar
- Adipocyte and Fat Biology Laboratory (AdipoFat), Unidad de Investigación Traslacional, Instituto Aragonés de Ciencias de la Salud (IACS), Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, CIBER Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Elizabeth Hijona
- Department of Gastroenterology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Donostia Hospital and Biodonostia Institute and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Enfermedades Hepáticas (CIBERehd), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 20014, San Sebastián, Spain
| | - María Jesús Villanueva-Millán
- HIV and Associated Metabolic Alterations Unit, Infectious Diseases Department, Center for Biomedical Research of La Rioja (CIBIR), Logroño, Spain
| | - Leixuri Aguirre
- Nutrition and Obesity Group, Department of Nutrition and Food Science, University of Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Centro de Investigación Lucio Lascaray, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 01006, Vitoria, Spain
| | - Christian Carpéné
- Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM U1048), Toulouse, France
| | - Luis Aldámiz-Echevarría
- Unit of Metabolism, Cruces University Hospital - BioCruces Health Research Institute, GCV-CIBER de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Plaza de Cruces s/n, 48903, Barakaldo, Bizkaia, Spain.
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Zhu J, Wen K, He H. Diagnostic value of urinary protein and creatinine in combination with renal ultrasound examination in early renal damage of patients with hypertension. Pak J Med Sci 2015; 31:899-902. [PMID: 26430426 PMCID: PMC4590400 DOI: 10.12669/pjms.314.7513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: To evaluate the diagnostic value of urinary protein and creatinine in combination with renal Doppler ultrasound examination in early renal damage of patients with hypertension. Methods: One hundred twenty two hypertensive patients who were treated in our hospital from December 2013 to June 2014 were selected for this study, including 33, 41 and 48 cases of Stage I, Stage II and Stage III hypertension respectively. Meanwhile, 30 healthy subjects were selected as the control group. They received urinary protein, creatinine and renal Doppler ultrasound examination. Results: The urinary protein levels of Stage I, II and Stage III hypertensive patients were significantly different from that of the control group (p<0.05). Urinary creatinine levels were similar (p>0.05) in stage I and II but different from control (p<0.05) in stage III. Doppler ultrasound examination showed that Stage I hypertensive patients had similar renal longest diameter (RLD), renal parenchymal thickness (RPT) and ratio of RPT/renal sinus thickness to those of the control group (p>0.05), and RLDs of Stage II hypertensive patients and the control group were not significantly different (p>0.05). Conclusion: Urinary protein and creatinine levels in combination with renal Doppler ultrasound examination could diagnose early renal damage in patients with hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jihong Zhu
- Jihong Zhu, Huaihe Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng 475000, P. R. China
| | - Ke Wen
- Ke Wen, Huaihe Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng 475000, P. R. China
| | - Hongwen He
- Hongwen He, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510055, P. R. China
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22
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McDiarmid MA, Gaitens JM, Hines S, Condon M, Roth T, Oliver M, Gucer P, Brown L, Centeno JA, Streeten E, Squibb KS. Biologic monitoring and surveillance results for the department of veterans affairs' depleted uranium cohort: Lessons learned from sustained exposure over two decades. Am J Ind Med 2015; 58:583-94. [PMID: 25907888 DOI: 10.1002/ajim.22435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/07/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A small group of Gulf War I veterans wounded in depleted uranium (DU) friendly fire incidents have been monitored in a clinical surveillance program at the Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Baltimore since 1994. METHODS An in-patient clinical surveillance protocol was performed on 35 members of the cohort, including exposure monitoring for total and isotopic uranium concentrations in urine and a comprehensive assessment of health outcomes. RESULTS Although urine U concentrations continue to be elevated in this group, illustrating on-going in situ mobilization of U from embedded fragments, no consistent U-related health effects have been observed. CONCLUSIONS Now more than 20 years since first exposure to DU, an aging cohort of military veterans continues to show no U-related health effects in known target organs of U toxicity. As tissue concentrations continue to accrue with exposure duration, critical tissue-specific U concentration thresholds may be reached, thus recommending on-going surveillance of this veteran cohort.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa A. McDiarmid
- Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center; Baltimore Maryland
- Department of Medicine; University of Maryland School of Medicine; Baltimore Maryland
| | - Joanna M. Gaitens
- Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center; Baltimore Maryland
- Department of Medicine; University of Maryland School of Medicine; Baltimore Maryland
| | - Stella Hines
- Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center; Baltimore Maryland
- Department of Medicine; University of Maryland School of Medicine; Baltimore Maryland
| | - Marian Condon
- Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center; Baltimore Maryland
| | - Tracy Roth
- Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center; Baltimore Maryland
- Department of Medicine; University of Maryland School of Medicine; Baltimore Maryland
| | - Marc Oliver
- Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center; Baltimore Maryland
- Department of Medicine; University of Maryland School of Medicine; Baltimore Maryland
| | - Patricia Gucer
- Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center; Baltimore Maryland
- Department of Medicine; University of Maryland School of Medicine; Baltimore Maryland
| | - Lawrence Brown
- Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center; Baltimore Maryland
- Department of Pathology; University of Maryland School of Medicine; Baltimore Maryland
| | - Jose A. Centeno
- Biophysical Toxicology; The Joint Pathology Center; Silver Spring Maryland
| | - Elizabeth Streeten
- Department of Medicine; University of Maryland School of Medicine; Baltimore Maryland
| | - Katherine S. Squibb
- Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center; Baltimore Maryland
- Department of Medicine; University of Maryland School of Medicine; Baltimore Maryland
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Guo Z, Sun H, Zhang H, Zhang Y. Anti-hypertensive and renoprotective effects of berberine in spontaneously hypertensive rats. Clin Exp Hypertens 2015; 37:332-9. [PMID: 25867076 DOI: 10.3109/10641963.2014.972560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We aimed to investigate the effects of berberine on renin-angiotensin system (RAS) and pro-inflammatory cytokines, as well as its effects on blood pressure and renal damage in spontaneously hypertensive rats. METHODS Berberine was administrated to spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR rats) between 3 and 20 weeks of age. Blood pressure was monitored in 3-, 6-, 9-, 12-, 16- and 20-week-old SHR rats and age-matched Wistar Kyoto rats (WKY rats). Besides, we measured levels of angiotensin II, aldosterone and pre-inflammatory cytokines (IL-6, IL-17, IL-23) in serum and kidney, as well as levels of collagen III and collagen IV in kidney and urinary markers of renal injury (osteopontin, kidney-injury-molecule (KIM-1) and albumin) in 3-, 6-, 9-, 12-, 16- and 20-week-old SHR rats and WKY rats. Glomerulosclerosis was also assessed with hematoxylin and eosin staining. RESULTS SHR rats developed hypertension at the age of 6 weeks and had increased levels of angiotensin II, aldosterone, IL-6, IL-17, IL-23, collagen III, collagen IV, osteopontin, KIM-1 and albumin, as well as more severe glomerulosclerosis, compared to the aged-matched WKY rats. Berberine delayed the onset and attenuated the severity of hypertension, as well as partially inhibited the increases of the above substances in SHR rats. CONCLUSION Berberine could delay the onset and attenuate the severity of hypertension, as well as ameliorate hypertension-induced renal damage in SHR rats. Furthermore, berberine could inhibit the activities of RAS and pre-inflammatory cytokines IL-6, IL-17 and IL-23, which are involved in the pathophysiology of hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhentao Guo
- Department of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical College , Weifang , China
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24
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Early markers of obesity-related renal injury in childhood. Pediatr Nephrol 2015; 30:1-4. [PMID: 25322907 DOI: 10.1007/s00467-014-2976-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2014] [Revised: 09/24/2014] [Accepted: 09/26/2014] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Childhood obesity has become a global epidemic. Recent epidemiological data suggest that obesity is associated with increased risk of renal injury in children. The onset of obesity-associated renal disease is insidious and asymptomatic, so early markers will be extremely useful in its prevention and treatment. Biomarker discovery can be focused on unbiased or biased (candidate) approaches. Unbiased approaches using innovative technologies, such as proteomics and metabolomics, have uncovered candidates that are emerging as plausible biomarkers for such renal disorders as obstructive uropathy and diabetic nephropathy. Biased approaches are based on hypotheses related to glomerular or tubular injury pathophysiology in obesity. Goknar et al. (Pediatric Nephrology 2014; doi: 10.1007/s00467-014-2829-0 ) recently evaluated early urine renal injury markers, namely, microalbuminuria, N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase (NAG), neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin, and kidney injury molecule (KIM)-1, in obese children. They reported that obese children had higher urinary NAG and KIM-1 levels than healthy controls. Longitudinal observation studies are needed to evaluate whether these tubular damage markers are useful as early markers of renal injury in obese children.
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25
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Yan YH, C-K Chou C, Wang JS, Tung CL, Li YR, Lo K, Cheng TJ. Subchronic effects of inhaled ambient particulate matter on glucose homeostasis and target organ damage in a type 1 diabetic rat model. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2014; 281:211-20. [PMID: 25454026 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2014.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2014] [Revised: 10/08/2014] [Accepted: 10/11/2014] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Epidemiological studies have reported associations between particulate matter (PM) and cardiovascular effects, and diabetes mellitus (DM) patients might be susceptible to these effects. The chief chronic injuries resulting from DM are small vascular injuries (micro-vascular complications) or large blood vessel injuries (macro-vascular complications). However, toxicological data regarding the effects of PM on DM-related cardiovascular complications is limited. Our objective was to investigate whether subchronic PM exposure alters glucose homeostasis and causes cardiovascular complications in a type 1 DM rat model. We constructed a real world PM2.5 exposure system, the Taipei Air Pollution Exposure System for Health Effects (TAPES), to continuously deliver non-concentrated PM for subchronic exposure. A type 1 DM rat model was induced using streptozotocin. Between December 22, 2009 and April 9, 2010, DM rats were exposed to PM or to filtered air (FA) using TAPES in Taipei, Taiwan, 24h/day, 7days/week, for a total of 16weeks. The average concentrations (mean [SD]) of PM2.5 in the exposure and control chambers of the TAPES were 13.30 [8.65] and 0.13 [0.05]μg/m(3), respectively. Glycated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) was significantly elevated after exposure to PM compared with exposure to FA (mean [SD], 7.7% [3.1%] vs. 4.7% [1.0%], P<0.05). Interleukin 6 and fibrinogen levels were significantly increased after PM exposure. PM caused focal myocarditis, aortic medial thickness, advanced glomerulosclerosis, and accentuation of tubular damage of the kidney (tubular damage index: 1.76 [0.77] vs. 1.15 [0.36], P<0.001). PM exposure might induce the macro- and micro-vascular complications in DM through chronic hyperglycemia and systemic inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan-Horng Yan
- Institute of Occupational Medicine and Industrial Hygiene, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Medical Research, Ditmanson Medical Foundation Chia-Yi Christian Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Charles C-K Chou
- Research Center for Environmental Changes, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jyh-Seng Wang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Liang Tung
- Department of Pathology, Ditmanson Medical Foundation Chia-Yi Christian Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Ru Li
- Institute of Occupational Medicine and Industrial Hygiene, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kai Lo
- Institute of Occupational Medicine and Industrial Hygiene, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tsun-Jen Cheng
- Institute of Occupational Medicine and Industrial Hygiene, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Public Health, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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26
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Burwick RM, Easter SR, Dawood HY, Yamamoto HS, Fichorova RN, Feinberg BB. Complement Activation and Kidney Injury Molecule-1–Associated Proximal Tubule Injury in Severe Preeclampsia. Hypertension 2014; 64:833-8. [DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.114.03456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Richard M. Burwick
- From the Division of Maternal Fetal Medicine and Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland (R.M.B.); and Division of Maternal Fetal Medicine (B.B.F.), Laboratory of Genital Tract Biology (H.Y.D., H.S.Y., R.N.F.), and Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Biology (S.R.E.), Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Sarah Rae Easter
- From the Division of Maternal Fetal Medicine and Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland (R.M.B.); and Division of Maternal Fetal Medicine (B.B.F.), Laboratory of Genital Tract Biology (H.Y.D., H.S.Y., R.N.F.), and Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Biology (S.R.E.), Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Hassan Y. Dawood
- From the Division of Maternal Fetal Medicine and Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland (R.M.B.); and Division of Maternal Fetal Medicine (B.B.F.), Laboratory of Genital Tract Biology (H.Y.D., H.S.Y., R.N.F.), and Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Biology (S.R.E.), Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Hidemi S. Yamamoto
- From the Division of Maternal Fetal Medicine and Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland (R.M.B.); and Division of Maternal Fetal Medicine (B.B.F.), Laboratory of Genital Tract Biology (H.Y.D., H.S.Y., R.N.F.), and Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Biology (S.R.E.), Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Raina N. Fichorova
- From the Division of Maternal Fetal Medicine and Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland (R.M.B.); and Division of Maternal Fetal Medicine (B.B.F.), Laboratory of Genital Tract Biology (H.Y.D., H.S.Y., R.N.F.), and Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Biology (S.R.E.), Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Bruce B. Feinberg
- From the Division of Maternal Fetal Medicine and Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland (R.M.B.); and Division of Maternal Fetal Medicine (B.B.F.), Laboratory of Genital Tract Biology (H.Y.D., H.S.Y., R.N.F.), and Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Biology (S.R.E.), Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
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