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Sypniewski M, Szydlowski M. A Study of 41 Canine Orthologues of Human Genes Involved in Monogenic Obesity Reveals Marker in the ADCY3 for Body Weight in Labrador Retrievers. Vet Sci 2023; 10:390. [PMID: 37368776 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci10060390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Revised: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity and overweight are common conditions in dogs, but individual susceptibility varies with numerous risk factors, including diet, age, sterilization, and gender. In addition to environmental and biological factors, genetic and epigenetic risk factors can influence predisposition to canine obesity, however, they remain unknown. Labrador Retrievers are one of the breeds that are prone to obesity. The purpose of this study was to analyse 41 canine orthologues of human genes linked to monogenic obesity in humans to identify genes associated with body weight in Labrador Retriever dogs. We analysed 11,520 variants from 50 dogs using a linear mixed model with sex, age, and sterilization as covariates and population structure as a random effect. Estimates obtained from the model were subjected to a maxT permutation procedure to adjust p-values for FWER < 0.05. Only the ADCY3 gene showed statistically significant association: TA>T deletion located at 17:19,222,459 in 1/20 intron (per allele effect of 5.56 kg, SE 0.018, p-value = 5.83 × 10-5, TA/TA: 11 dogs; TA/T: 32 dogs; T/T: 7 dogs). Mutations in the ADCY3 gene have already been associated with obesity in mice and humans, making it a promising marker for canine obesity research. Our results provide further evidence that the genetic makeup of obesity in Labrador Retriever dogs contains genes with large effect sizes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mateusz Sypniewski
- Department of Genetics and Animal Breeding, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Wołyńska 33, 60-637 Poznań, Poland
| | - Maciej Szydlowski
- Department of Genetics and Animal Breeding, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Wołyńska 33, 60-637 Poznań, Poland
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2
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Wang B, Yang X, Sun X, Liu J, Fu Y, Liu B, Qiu J, Lian J, Zhou J. ATF3 in atherosclerosis: a controversial transcription factor. J Mol Med (Berl) 2022; 100:1557-1568. [PMID: 36207452 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-022-02263-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Revised: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis, the pathophysiological basis of most malignant cardiovascular diseases, remains a global concern. Transcription factors play a key role in regulating cell function and disease progression in developmental signaling pathways involved in atherosclerosis. Activated transcription factor (ATF) 3 is an adaptive response gene in the ATF/cAMP response element binding (CREB) protein family that acts as a transcription suppressor or activator by forming homodimers or heterodimers with other ATF/CREB members. Appropriate ATF3 expression is vital for normal physiological cell function. Notably, ATF3 exhibits distinct roles in vascular endothelial cells, macrophages, and the liver, which will also be described in detail. This review provides a new perspective for atherosclerosis therapy by summarizing the mechanism of ATF3 in atherosclerosis, as well as the structure and pathophysiological properties of ATF3. KEY MESSAGES: • In endothelial cells, ATF3 overexpression aggravates oxidative stress and inflammation. • In macrophages and liver cells, ATF3 can act as a negative regulator of inflammation and promote cholesterol metabolism. • ATF3 can be used as a potential therapeutic factor in the treatment of atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingyu Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular, Medical College, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Xi Yang
- Department of Cardiovascular, Medical College, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China.,Department of Cardiovascular, Lihuili Hospital Affiliated to Ningbo University, Ningbo, China.,Central Laboratory, Ningbo Institute of Innovation for Combined Medicine and Engineering, Ningbo, China
| | - Xinyi Sun
- Department of Cardiovascular, Medical College, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Jianhui Liu
- Department of Cardiovascular, Lihuili Hospital Affiliated to Ningbo University, Ningbo, China.,Central Laboratory, Ningbo Institute of Innovation for Combined Medicine and Engineering, Ningbo, China
| | - Yin Fu
- Department of Cardiovascular, Medical College, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Bingyang Liu
- Central Laboratory, Ningbo Institute of Innovation for Combined Medicine and Engineering, Ningbo, China
| | - Jun Qiu
- Department of Cardiovascular, Medical College, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Jiangfang Lian
- Department of Cardiovascular, Medical College, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China.,Department of Cardiovascular, Lihuili Hospital Affiliated to Ningbo University, Ningbo, China.,Central Laboratory, Ningbo Institute of Innovation for Combined Medicine and Engineering, Ningbo, China
| | - Jianqing Zhou
- Department of Cardiovascular, Medical College, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China. .,Department of Cardiovascular, Lihuili Hospital Affiliated to Ningbo University, Ningbo, China. .,Central Laboratory, Ningbo Institute of Innovation for Combined Medicine and Engineering, Ningbo, China.
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3
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Quattrocelli M, Wintzinger M, Miz K, Panta M, Prabakaran AD, Barish GD, Chandel NS, McNally EM. Intermittent prednisone treatment in mice promotes exercise tolerance in obesity through adiponectin. J Exp Med 2022; 219:e20211906. [PMID: 35363257 PMCID: PMC8980841 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20211906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Revised: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The fat-muscle communication regulates metabolism and involves circulating signals like adiponectin. Modulation of this cross-talk could benefit muscle bioenergetics and exercise tolerance in conditions like obesity. Chronic daily intake of exogenous glucocorticoids produces or exacerbates metabolic stress, often leading to obesity. In stark contrast to the daily intake, we discovered that intermittent pulses of glucocorticoids improve dystrophic muscle metabolism. However, the underlying mechanisms, particularly in the context of obesity, are still largely unknown. Here we report that in mice with diet-induced obesity, intermittent once-weekly prednisone increased total and high-molecular weight adiponectin levels and improved exercise tolerance and energy expenditure. These effects were dependent upon adiponectin, as shown by genetic ablation of the adipokine. Upregulation of Adipoq occurred through the glucocorticoid receptor (GR), as this effect was blocked by inducible GR ablation in adipocytes. The treatment increased the muscle metabolic response of adiponectin through the CAMKK2-AMPK cascade. Our study demonstrates that intermittent glucocorticoids produce healthful metabolic remodeling in diet-induced obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mattia Quattrocelli
- Division of Molecular Cardiovascular Biology, Heart Institute, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, and Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH
- Center for Genetic Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL
| | - Michelle Wintzinger
- Division of Molecular Cardiovascular Biology, Heart Institute, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, and Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH
| | - Karen Miz
- Division of Molecular Cardiovascular Biology, Heart Institute, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, and Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH
| | - Manoj Panta
- Division of Molecular Cardiovascular Biology, Heart Institute, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, and Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH
| | - Ashok D. Prabakaran
- Division of Molecular Cardiovascular Biology, Heart Institute, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, and Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH
| | - Grant D. Barish
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Molecular Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL
| | - Navdeep S. Chandel
- Department of Medicine and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL
| | - Elizabeth M. McNally
- Center for Genetic Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL
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4
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Wu YL, Lin H, Li HF, Don MJ, King PC, Chen HH. Salvia miltiorrhiza Extract and Individual Synthesized Component Derivatives Induce Activating-Transcription-Factor-3-Mediated Anti-Obesity Effects and Attenuate Obesity-Induced Metabolic Disorder by Suppressing C/EBPα in High-Fat-Induced Obese Mice. Cells 2022; 11:cells11061022. [PMID: 35326476 PMCID: PMC8947163 DOI: 10.3390/cells11061022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2022] [Revised: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Pharmacological studies indicate that Salvia miltiorrhiza extract (SME) can improve cardiac and blood vessel function. However, there is limited knowledge regarding the effects (exerted through epigenetic regulation) of SME and newly derived single compounds, with the exception of tanshinone IIA and IB, on obesity-induced metabolic disorders. In this study, we administered SME or dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) as controls to male C57BL/J6 mice after they were fed a high-fat diet (HFD) for 4 weeks. SME treatment significantly reduced body weight, fasting plasma glucose, triglyceride levels, insulin resistance, and adipogenesis/lipogenesis gene expression in treated mice compared with controls. Transcriptome array analysis revealed that the expression of numerous transcriptional factors, including activating transcription factor 3 (ATF3) and C/EBPα homologous protein (CHOP), was significantly higher in the SME group. ST32db, a novel synthetic derivative similar in structure to compounds from S. miltiorrhiza extract, ameliorates obesity and obesity-induced metabolic syndrome in HFD-fed wild-type mice but not ATF3−/− mice. ST32db treatment of 3T3-L1 adipocytes suppresses lipogenesis/adipogenesis through the ATF3 pathway to directly inhibit C/EBPα expression and indirectly inhibit the CHOP pathway. Overall, ST32db, a single compound modified from S. miltiorrhiza extract, has anti-obesity effects through ATF3-mediated C/EBPα downregulation and the CHOP pathway. Thus, SME and ST32db may reduce obesity and diabetes in mice, indicating the potential of both SME and ST32db as therapeutic drugs for the treatment of obesity-induced metabolic syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yueh-Lin Wu
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan; (Y.-L.W.); (H.L.)
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Wei-Gong Memorial Hospital, Miaoli 350, Taiwan
- Institute of Molecular and Genomic Medicine, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli 350, Taiwan
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei 110, Taiwan
- TMU Research Center of Urology and Kidney, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
| | - Heng Lin
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan; (Y.-L.W.); (H.L.)
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan; (H.-F.L.); (P.-C.K.)
| | - Hsiao-Fen Li
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan; (H.-F.L.); (P.-C.K.)
| | - Ming-Jaw Don
- National Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Taipei 112, Taiwan;
| | - Pei-Chih King
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan; (H.-F.L.); (P.-C.K.)
| | - Hsi-Hsien Chen
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan; (Y.-L.W.); (H.L.)
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei 110, Taiwan
- TMU Research Center of Urology and Kidney, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-27372181-3903; Fax: 886-2-5558-9890
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5
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Ku HC, Chan TY, Chung JF, Kao YH, Cheng CF. The ATF3 inducer protects against diet-induced obesity via suppressing adipocyte adipogenesis and promoting lipolysis and browning. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 145:112440. [PMID: 34839254 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.112440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Revised: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, we investigated whether the activating transcription factor 3 (ATF3) inducer ST32db, a synthetic compound with a chemical structure similar to that of native Danshen compounds, exerts an anti-obesity effect in 3T3-L1 white preadipocytes, D16 beige cells, and mice with obesity induced by a high-fat diet (HFD). The results showed that ST32db inhibited 3T3-L1 preadipocyte differentiation by inhibiting adipogenesis/lipogenesis-related gene (and protein levels) and enhancing lipolysis-related gene (and protein levels) via the activation of β3-adrenoceptor (β3-AR)/PKA/p38, AMPK, and ERK pathways. Furthermore, ST32db inhibited triacylglycerol accumulation in D16 adipocytes by suppressing adipogenesis/lipogenesis-related gene (and protein levels) and upregulating browning gene expression by suppressing the β3-AR/PKA/p38, and AMPK pathways. Intraperitoneally injected ST32db (1 mg kg-1 twice weekly) inhibited body weight gain and reduced the weight of inguinal white adipose tissue (iWAT), epididymal WAT (eWAT), and mesenteric WAT, with no effects on food intake by the obese mice. The adipocyte diameter and area of iWAT and eWAT were decreased in obese mice injected with ST32db compared with those administered only HFD. In addition, ST32db significantly suppressed adipogenesis and activated lipolysis, browning, mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation, and β-oxidation-related pathways by suppressing the p38 pathway in the iWAT of the obese mice. These results indicated that the ATF3 inducer ST32db has therapeutic potential for reducing obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Chen Ku
- Department of Pediatrics, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, New Taipei City 23142, Taiwan
| | - Tsai-Yun Chan
- Department of Pediatrics, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, New Taipei City 23142, Taiwan
| | - Jia-Fang Chung
- Department of Pediatrics, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, New Taipei City 23142, Taiwan
| | - Yung-Hsi Kao
- Department of Life Sciences, National Central University, Taoyuan 320, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Feng Cheng
- Department of Pediatrics, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, New Taipei City 23142, Taiwan; Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan; Department of Pediatrics, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 97004, Taiwan.
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6
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Wang X, Huang J, Zheng Y, Long S, Lin H, Zhang N, Tian M, Wu X, An R, Ma S, Tan H. Study on the relationship between DNA methylation of target CpG sites in peripheral blood and gestational diabetes during early pregnancy. Sci Rep 2021; 11:20455. [PMID: 34650136 PMCID: PMC8516930 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-99836-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Genome-wide DNA methylation profiling have been used to find maternal CpG sites related to the occurrence of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). However, none of these differential sites found has been verified in a larger sample. Here, our aim was to evaluate whether first trimester changes in target CpG sites in the peripheral blood of pregnancy women predict subsequent development of GDM. This nested case–control study was based upon an early pregnancy follow-up cohort (ChiCTR1900020652). Target CpG sites were extracted from related published literature and bioinformatics analysis. The DNA methylation levels at 337 CpG sites of 80 GDM cases and 80 matched healthy controls during the early pregnancy (10–15 weeks) were assessed using MethylTarget sequencing. The best cut-off level for methylation of CpG site was determined using the generated ROC curve. The independent effect of CpG site methylation status on GDM was analyzed using conditional logistic regression. Methylation levels at 6 CpG sites were significantly higher in the GDM group than in controls, whereas those at another 6 CpG sites were significantly lower (FDR < 0.05). The area under the ROC curve at each methylation level of the significant CpG sites ranged between 0.593 and 0.650 for the occurrence of GDM. After adjusting for possible confounders, the hypermethylation status of CpG site 68167324 (OR = 3.168, 1.038–9.666) and 24837915 (OR = 5.232, 1.659–16.506) was identified as more strongly associated with GDM; meanwhile, the hypermethylation of CpG site 157130156 (OR = 0.361, 0.135–0.966) and 89438648 (OR = 0.206, 0.065–0.655) might indicate lower risk of GDM. The methylation status of target CpG sites in the peripheral blood of pregnant women during the first trimester may be associated with GDM pathogenesis, and has potential as a predictor of GDM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolei Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Xiangya Road, Kaifu District, Changsha City, Hunan Province, 410078, China.,Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Changsha City, Hunan Province, 410078, China
| | - Jin Huang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Xiangya Road, Kaifu District, Changsha City, Hunan Province, 410078, China.,Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Changsha City, Hunan Province, 410078, China
| | - Yixiang Zheng
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Key Laboratory of Viral Hepatitis of Hunan, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha City, Hunan Province, 410078, China
| | - Sisi Long
- Hospital Infection Control Center, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha City, Hunan Province, 410078, China
| | - Huijun Lin
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Xiangya Road, Kaifu District, Changsha City, Hunan Province, 410078, China.,Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Changsha City, Hunan Province, 410078, China
| | - Na Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Xiangya Road, Kaifu District, Changsha City, Hunan Province, 410078, China.,Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Changsha City, Hunan Province, 410078, China
| | - Mengyuan Tian
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Xiangya Road, Kaifu District, Changsha City, Hunan Province, 410078, China.,Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Changsha City, Hunan Province, 410078, China
| | - Xinrui Wu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Xiangya Road, Kaifu District, Changsha City, Hunan Province, 410078, China.,Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Changsha City, Hunan Province, 410078, China
| | - Rongjing An
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Xiangya Road, Kaifu District, Changsha City, Hunan Province, 410078, China.,Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Changsha City, Hunan Province, 410078, China
| | - Shujuan Ma
- Reproductive and Genetic Hospital of CITIC-Xiangya, Clinical Research Center for Reproduction and Genetics in Hunan Province, Changsha City, Hunan Province, 410008, China.
| | - Hongzhuan Tan
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Xiangya Road, Kaifu District, Changsha City, Hunan Province, 410078, China. .,Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Changsha City, Hunan Province, 410078, China.
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7
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Zhang JS, Xu HY, Fang JC, Yin BZ, Wang BB, Pang Z, Xia GJ. Integrated microRNA-mRNA analysis reveals the roles of microRNAs in the muscle fat metabolism of Yanbian cattle. Anim Genet 2021; 52:598-607. [PMID: 34350996 DOI: 10.1111/age.13126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Fat deposition is an important economic trait in farm animals. However, it is difficult to genetically improve intramuscular fat deposition via trait-based cattle breeding. The main objectives of this study were to analyze the factors about beef flavor, and to detect functional microRNA (miRNA, miR) associated with intramuscular fat deposition in Yanbian cattle. Longissimus dorsi samples from six steers were separated into high- and low-fat groups (n = 3 each) based on the marbling score, and transcriptomic analysis was performed using miRNA sequencing. A total of 33 miRNAs and 38 genes were found to be differentially expressed in the high- and low-fat groups. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction was performed to validate the sequencing results. Integrated miRNA-mRNA analysis revealed that miRNA-associated target genes were primarily associated with skeletal muscle development. However, some of the miRNAs (miR-424 etc.) and genes (ATF3 etc.) were also associated with fat metabolism. A targeted relationship between miR-22-3p and the WFIKKN2 gene and its involvement in adipocyte differentiation were confirmed experimentally. The study findings may provide potential candidate molecular targets for the selection of cattle with improved meat quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- J S Zhang
- College of Agriculture, Yanbian University, Yanji, 133002, China
| | - H Y Xu
- College of Agriculture, Yanbian University, Yanji, 133002, China
| | - J C Fang
- Faculty of Agriculture and Life Science, Hirosaki University, Hirosaki, Japan
| | - B Z Yin
- College of Agriculture, Yanbian University, Yanji, 133002, China
| | - B B Wang
- College of Agriculture, Yanbian University, Yanji, 133002, China
| | - Z Pang
- College of Agriculture, Yanbian University, Yanji, 133002, China
| | - G J Xia
- College of Agriculture, Yanbian University, Yanji, 133002, China.,Engineering Research Center of North-East Cold Region Beef Cattle Science & Technology Innovation, Ministry of Education, Yanbian University, Yanji, 133002, China
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8
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Nanduri R. Epigenetic Regulators of White Adipocyte Browning. EPIGENOMES 2021; 5:3. [PMID: 34968255 PMCID: PMC8594687 DOI: 10.3390/epigenomes5010003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2020] [Revised: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Adipocytes play an essential role in maintaining energy homeostasis in mammals. The primary function of white adipose tissue (WAT) is to store energy; for brown adipose tissue (BAT), primary function is to release fats in the form of heat. Dysfunctional or excess WAT can induce metabolic disorders such as dyslipidemia, obesity, and diabetes. Preadipocytes or adipocytes from WAT possess sufficient plasticity as they can transdifferentiate into brown-like beige adipocytes. Studies in both humans and rodents showed that brown and beige adipocytes could improve metabolic health and protect from metabolic disorders. Brown fat requires activation via exposure to cold or β-adrenergic receptor (β-AR) agonists to protect from hypothermia. Considering the fact that the usage of β-AR agonists is still in question with their associated side effects, selective induction of WAT browning is therapeutically important instead of activating of BAT. Hence, a better understanding of the molecular mechanisms governing white adipocyte browning is vital. At the same time, it is also essential to understand the factors that define white adipocyte identity and inhibit white adipocyte browning. This literature review is a comprehensive and focused update on the epigenetic regulators crucial for differentiation and browning of white adipocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravikanth Nanduri
- Laboratory of Metabolism, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
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9
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Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α- 308 G/A gene polymorphism (rs1800629) in Egyptian patients with alopecia areata and vitiligo, a laboratory and in silico analysis. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0240221. [PMID: 33370782 PMCID: PMC7769607 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0240221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2020] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose & methods Several single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the promoter region of the TNF-α gene can cause variations in the gene regulatory sites and act as risk factors for some autoimmune disorders as alopecia areata (AA) and vitiligo. This study aimed to detect the serum TNF-α (sTNF) level (by ELISA) and the rs1800629 (by real-time PCR) among AA and vitiligo Egyptian patients and to determine their relation with disease duration and severity. In silico analysis of this SNP to study the molecular regulation of the mutant genotypes was also done. Results In AA patients, no risk was associated with the mutant genotypes vs. the normal genotype, or with A allele vs. G allele. The risk of vitiligo was significantly higher with the G/A and A/A genotypes compared with HCs (p = 0.011). Similarly, a significantly increased risk was noted in patients with A allele vs. G allele (p<0.0001). In AA and vitiligo patients, a significant increase in sTNF-α levels was noted in the mutant G/A genotypes vs. the normal G/G genotype (p<0.0001) and in the A allele vs the G allele (p<0.0001). According to the in silico analysis, this SNP could mainly affect the SP1 transcription factor binding site with subsequent effect on TNF-α expression. Conclusion According to results of the laboratory and the in silico study, the mutant TNF-α (308) genotypes were risk factors that conferred susceptibility to vitiligo among Egyptian patients but had no effect on the susceptibility to AA.
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10
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Martinez-Chantar ML, Foti M. NFATc4: New hub in NASH development. J Hepatol 2020; 73:1313-1315. [PMID: 33032848 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2020.08.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Revised: 08/29/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Maria L Martinez-Chantar
- Liver Disease Laboratory, Center for Cooperative Research in Biosciences (CIC bioGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Derio, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Michelangelo Foti
- Department of Cell Physiology and Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Switzerland; Diabetes Centre, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Switzerland; Translational Research Centre in Onco-haematology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Switzerland.
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11
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Santamaría MH, Ríos LD, Corral RS. Trypanosoma cruzi down-regulates adiponectin expression in mouse adipocytes via the NFAT signaling pathway. Microbes Infect 2020; 23:104757. [PMID: 32956869 DOI: 10.1016/j.micinf.2020.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Revised: 09/08/2020] [Accepted: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Upon infection by Trypanosoma cruzi, adipocytes adopt a clearly defined inflammatory phenotype with concomitant down-regulation of adiponectin expression, which influences the pathogenesis of Chagas heart disease. Herein, we examined how T. cruzi interferes with transcriptional regulation of adiponectin production in mouse adipocytes. The invading pathogen activates the Ca2+/calcineurin/NFATc4 signaling pathway in 3T3-L1 cells. Parasite-induced early activation of NFATc4 is involved in repressing adiponectin expression through recognition of the specific response element located at (-363 to -344) of the gene promoter. Nuclear import of dephosphorylated NFATc4 and decreased adiponectin levels were further demonstrated in white adipose tissue from acutely infected mice. Our current findings point to better clarify the complex role of adipose tissue in the modulation of inflammatory mechanisms operative during T. cruzi infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel H Santamaría
- Laboratorio de Biología Experimental, Centro de Estudios Metabólicos, Santander, Cantabria, Spain
| | - Luisa Delgado Ríos
- Laboratorio de Biología Experimental, Centro de Estudios Metabólicos, Santander, Cantabria, Spain
| | - Ricardo S Corral
- Instituto Multidisciplinario de Investigaciones en Patologías Pediátricas (IMIPP, CONICET-GCBA), Servicio de Parasitología-Chagas, Hospital de Niños "Dr. Ricardo Gutiérrez", Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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12
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Roy-Vallejo E, Galván-Román JM, Moldenhauer F, Real de Asúa D. Adults with Down syndrome challenge another paradigm: When aging no longer entails arterial hypertension. J Clin Hypertens (Greenwich) 2020; 22:1127-1133. [PMID: 32644285 DOI: 10.1111/jch.13930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2020] [Revised: 05/09/2020] [Accepted: 05/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The paradigmatic relationship between aging and atherosclerotic cardiovascular events does not apply to all patient populations. Though trisomy 21 (T21) and its phenotypic expression, Down syndrome (DS), are conditions that involve premature aging, the cardiovascular system of adults with DS appears to be particularly spared from this early senescence. Despite a higher prevalence of some classic cardiovascular risk factors in adults with DS than in the general population, such as dyslipidemia, obesity, or sedentarism, these individuals do not develop hypertension or suffer major cardiovascular events as they age. The protective factors that prevent the development of hypertension in T21 are not well established. Genes like RCAN1 and DYRK1A, both on chromosome 21 and over-expressed in adults with DS, appear to play a major role in cardiovascular prevention. Their regulation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) and neprilysin synthesis could underlie the constitutive protection against arterial hypertension in adults with DS and explain the absence of increased arterial stiffness in this population. A better understanding of these molecular pathways could have enormous implications for the clinical management of adults with DS and might foster the development of novel therapeutic targets in cardiovascular prevention for the general population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilia Roy-Vallejo
- Adult Down Syndrome Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, Madrid, Spain
| | - José María Galván-Román
- Adult Down Syndrome Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, Madrid, Spain
| | - Fernando Moldenhauer
- Adult Down Syndrome Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, Madrid, Spain
| | - Diego Real de Asúa
- Adult Down Syndrome Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, Madrid, Spain
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13
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Xu HY, Shao J, Yin BZ, Zhang LM, Fang JC, Zhang JS, Xia GJ. Bovine bta-microRNA-1271 Promotes Preadipocyte Differentiation by Targeting Activation Transcription Factor 3. BIOCHEMISTRY (MOSCOW) 2020; 85:749-757. [DOI: 10.1134/s0006297920070032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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14
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Ku HC, Cheng CF. Master Regulator Activating Transcription Factor 3 (ATF3) in Metabolic Homeostasis and Cancer. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2020; 11:556. [PMID: 32922364 PMCID: PMC7457002 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2020.00556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 159] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2020] [Accepted: 07/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Activating transcription factor 3 (ATF3) is a stress-induced transcription factor that plays vital roles in modulating metabolism, immunity, and oncogenesis. ATF3 acts as a hub of the cellular adaptive-response network. Multiple extracellular signals, such as endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, cytokines, chemokines, and LPS, are connected to ATF3 induction. The function of ATF3 as a regulator of metabolism and immunity has recently sparked intense attention. In this review, we describe how ATF3 can act as both a transcriptional activator and a repressor. We then focus on the role of ATF3 and ATF3-regulated signals in modulating metabolism, immunity, and oncogenesis. The roles of ATF3 in glucose metabolism and adipose tissue regulation are also explored. Next, we summarize how ATF3 regulates immunity and maintains normal host defense. In addition, we elaborate on the roles of ATF3 as a regulator of prostate, breast, colon, lung, and liver cancers. Further understanding of how ATF3 regulates signaling pathways involved in glucose metabolism, adipocyte metabolism, immuno-responsiveness, and oncogenesis in various cancers, including prostate, breast, colon, lung, and liver cancers, is then provided. Finally, we demonstrate that ATF3 acts as a master regulator of metabolic homeostasis and, therefore, may be an appealing target for the treatment of metabolic dyshomeostasis, immune disorders, and various cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Chen Ku
- Department of Pediatrics, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Feng Cheng
- Department of Pediatrics, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Taipei, Taiwan
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Pediatrics, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
- *Correspondence: Ching-Feng Cheng
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15
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Cheng CF, Ku HC, Cheng JJ, Chao SW, Li HF, Lai PF, Chang CC, Don MJ, Chen HH, Lin H. Adipocyte browning and resistance to obesity in mice is induced by expression of ATF3. Commun Biol 2019; 2:389. [PMID: 31667363 PMCID: PMC6813364 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-019-0624-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2018] [Accepted: 09/13/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Billions of people have obesity-related metabolic syndromes such as diabetes and hyperlipidemia. Promoting the browning of white adipose tissue has been suggested as a potential strategy, but a drug still needs to be identified. Here, genetic deletion of activating transcription factor 3 (ATF3-/- ) in mice under a high-fat diet (HFD) resulted in obesity and insulin resistance, which was abrogated by virus-mediated ATF3 restoration. ST32da, a synthetic ATF3 inducer isolated from Salvia miltiorrhiza, promoted ATF3 expression to downregulate adipokine genes and induce adipocyte browning by suppressing the carbohydrate-responsive element-binding protein-stearoyl-CoA desaturase-1 axis. Furthermore, ST32da increased white adipose tissue browning and reduced lipogenesis in HFD-induced obese mice. The anti-obesity efficacy of oral ST32da administration was similar to that of the clinical drug orlistat. Our study identified the ATF3 inducer ST32da as a promising therapeutic drug for treating diet-induced obesity and related metabolic disorders.
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MESH Headings
- 3T3-L1 Cells
- Activating Transcription Factor 3/deficiency
- Activating Transcription Factor 3/genetics
- Activating Transcription Factor 3/metabolism
- Adipocytes, Brown/metabolism
- Adipocytes, Brown/pathology
- Adipose Tissue, Brown/metabolism
- Adipose Tissue, Brown/pathology
- Adipose Tissue, White/metabolism
- Adipose Tissue, White/pathology
- Animals
- Anti-Obesity Agents/pharmacology
- Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Leucine Zipper Transcription Factors/metabolism
- Body Temperature Regulation/physiology
- Diet, High-Fat/adverse effects
- Disease Models, Animal
- Humans
- Insulin Resistance
- Lipogenesis/drug effects
- Male
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Knockout
- Obesity/genetics
- Obesity/metabolism
- Obesity/prevention & control
- Orlistat/pharmacology
- Plant Extracts/pharmacology
- Plants, Medicinal/chemistry
- Salvia miltiorrhiza/chemistry
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Affiliation(s)
- Ching-Feng Cheng
- Department of Pediatrics, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Taipei, Taiwan
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Pediatrics, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Chen Ku
- Department of Pediatrics, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Taipei, Taiwan
- Ph.D. Program in Biotechnology Research and Development, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jing-Jy Cheng
- Ph.D. Program in Clinical Drug Discovery from Botanical Herbs, Taipei Medical, University, Taipei, Taiwan
- National Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shi-Wei Chao
- Ph.D. Program in Biotechnology Research and Development, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsiao-Fen Li
- Ph.D. Program in Biotechnology Research and Development, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Fang Lai
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Buddhist Tzu Chi General Hospital, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Che-Chang Chang
- Ph.D. Program in Biotechnology Research and Development, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Jaw Don
- National Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsi-Hsien Chen
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Heng Lin
- Ph.D. Program in Biotechnology Research and Development, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
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16
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Lake JA, Papah MB, Abasht B. Increased Expression of Lipid Metabolism Genes in Early Stages of Wooden Breast Links Myopathy of Broilers to Metabolic Syndrome in Humans. Genes (Basel) 2019; 10:E746. [PMID: 31557856 PMCID: PMC6826700 DOI: 10.3390/genes10100746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2019] [Accepted: 09/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Wooden breast is a muscle disorder affecting modern commercial broiler chickens that causes a palpably firm pectoralis major muscle and severe reduction in meat quality. Most studies have focused on advanced stages of wooden breast apparent at market age, resulting in limited insights into the etiology and early pathogenesis of the myopathy. Therefore, the objective of this study was to identify early molecular signals in the wooden breast transcriptional cascade by performing gene expression analysis on the pectoralis major muscle of two-week-old birds that may later exhibit the wooden breast phenotype by market age at 7 weeks. Biopsy samples of the left pectoralis major muscle were collected from 101 birds at 14 days of age. Birds were subsequently raised to 7 weeks of age to allow sample selection based on the wooden breast phenotype at market age. RNA-sequencing was performed on 5 unaffected and 8 affected female chicken samples, selected based on wooden breast scores (0 to 4) assigned at necropsy where affected birds had scores of 2 or 3 (mildly or moderately affected) while unaffected birds had scores of 0 (no apparent gross lesions). Differential expression analysis identified 60 genes found to be significant at an FDR-adjusted p-value of 0.05. Of these, 26 were previously demonstrated to exhibit altered expression or genetic polymorphisms related to glucose tolerance or diabetes mellitus in mammals. Additionally, 9 genes have functions directly related to lipid metabolism and 11 genes are associated with adiposity traits such as intramuscular fat and body mass index. This study suggests that wooden breast disease is first and foremost a metabolic disorder characterized primarily by ectopic lipid accumulation in the pectoralis major.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juniper A Lake
- Center for Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19711, USA.
| | - Michael B Papah
- Department of Animal and Food Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA.
| | - Behnam Abasht
- Department of Animal and Food Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA.
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17
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Adiponectin, Obesity, and Cancer: Clash of the Bigwigs in Health and Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20102519. [PMID: 31121868 PMCID: PMC6566909 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20102519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 129] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2019] [Revised: 05/16/2019] [Accepted: 05/17/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Adiponectin is one of the most important adipocytokines secreted by adipocytes and is called a “guardian angel adipocytokine” owing to its unique biological functions. Adiponectin inversely correlates with body fat mass and visceral adiposity. Identified independently by four different research groups, adiponectin has multiple names; Acrp30, apM1, GBP28, and AdipoQ. Adiponectin mediates its biological functions via three known receptors, AdipoR1, AdipoR2, and T-cadherin, which are distributed throughout the body. Biological functions of adiponectin are multifold ranging from anti-diabetic, anti-atherogenic, anti-inflammatory to anti-cancer. Lower adiponectin levels have been associated with metabolic syndrome, type 2 diabetes, insulin resistance, cardiovascular diseases, and hypertension. A plethora of experimental evidence supports the role of obesity and increased adiposity in multiple cancers including breast, liver, pancreatic, prostrate, ovarian, and colorectal cancers. Obesity mediates its effect on cancer progression via dysregulation of adipocytokines including increased production of oncogenic adipokine leptin along with decreased production of adiponectin. Multiple studies have shown the protective role of adiponectin in obesity-associated diseases and cancer. Adiponectin modulates multiple signaling pathways to exert its physiological and protective functions. Many studies over the years have shown the beneficial effect of adiponectin in cancer regression and put forth various innovative ways to increase adiponectin levels.
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18
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Barbe A, Bongrani A, Mellouk N, Estienne A, Kurowska P, Grandhaye J, Elfassy Y, Levy R, Rak A, Froment P, Dupont J. Mechanisms of Adiponectin Action in Fertility: An Overview from Gametogenesis to Gestation in Humans and Animal Models in Normal and Pathological Conditions. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20071526. [PMID: 30934676 PMCID: PMC6479753 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20071526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2019] [Revised: 03/20/2019] [Accepted: 03/22/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Adiponectin is the most abundant plasma adipokine. It mainly derives from white adipose tissue and plays a key role in the control of energy metabolism thanks to its insulin-sensitising, anti-inflammatory, and antiatherogenic properties. In vitro and in vivo evidence shows that adiponectin could also be one of the hormones controlling the interaction between energy balance and fertility in several species, including humans. Indeed, its two receptors—AdipoR1 and AdipoR2—are expressed in hypothalamic–pituitary–gonadal axis and their activation regulates Kiss, GnRH and gonadotropin expression and/or secretion. In male gonads, adiponectin modulates several functions of both somatic and germ cells, such as steroidogenesis, proliferation, apoptosis, and oxidative stress. In females, it controls steroidogenesis of ovarian granulosa and theca cells, oocyte maturation, and embryo development. Adiponectin receptors were also found in placental and endometrial cells, suggesting that this adipokine might play a crucial role in embryo implantation, trophoblast invasion and foetal growth. The aim of this review is to characterise adiponectin expression and its mechanism of action in male and female reproductive tract. Further, since features of metabolic syndrome are associated with some reproductive diseases, such as polycystic ovary syndrome, gestational diabetes mellitus, preeclampsia, endometriosis, foetal growth restriction and ovarian and endometrial cancers, evidence regarding the emerging role of adiponectin in these disorders is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alix Barbe
- INRA UMR85 Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, F-37380 Nouzilly, France.
- CNRS UMR7247 Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, F-37380 Nouzilly, France.
- Université François Rabelais de Tours, F-37041 Tours, France.
| | - Alice Bongrani
- INRA UMR85 Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, F-37380 Nouzilly, France.
- CNRS UMR7247 Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, F-37380 Nouzilly, France.
- Université François Rabelais de Tours, F-37041 Tours, France.
| | - Namya Mellouk
- INRA UMR85 Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, F-37380 Nouzilly, France.
- CNRS UMR7247 Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, F-37380 Nouzilly, France.
- Université François Rabelais de Tours, F-37041 Tours, France.
| | - Anthony Estienne
- INRA UMR85 Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, F-37380 Nouzilly, France.
- CNRS UMR7247 Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, F-37380 Nouzilly, France.
- Université François Rabelais de Tours, F-37041 Tours, France.
| | - Patrycja Kurowska
- Department of Physiology and Toxicology of Reproduction, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian University, 31-007 Krakow, Poland.
| | - Jérémy Grandhaye
- INRA UMR85 Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, F-37380 Nouzilly, France.
- CNRS UMR7247 Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, F-37380 Nouzilly, France.
- Université François Rabelais de Tours, F-37041 Tours, France.
| | - Yaelle Elfassy
- Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Tenon, Service de Biologie de la Reproduction, F-75020 Paris, France.
- Université Pierre et Marie Curie Paris 6, F-75005 Paris, France.
- INSERM UMRS_938, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, F-75571 Paris, France.
| | - Rachel Levy
- Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Tenon, Service de Biologie de la Reproduction, F-75020 Paris, France.
- Université Pierre et Marie Curie Paris 6, F-75005 Paris, France.
- INSERM UMRS_938, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, F-75571 Paris, France.
| | - Agnieszka Rak
- CNRS UMR7247 Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, F-37380 Nouzilly, France.
| | - Pascal Froment
- INRA UMR85 Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, F-37380 Nouzilly, France.
- CNRS UMR7247 Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, F-37380 Nouzilly, France.
- Université François Rabelais de Tours, F-37041 Tours, France.
| | - Joëlle Dupont
- INRA UMR85 Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, F-37380 Nouzilly, France.
- CNRS UMR7247 Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, F-37380 Nouzilly, France.
- Université François Rabelais de Tours, F-37041 Tours, France.
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19
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Hwang JS, Lee WJ, Hur J, Lee HG, Kim E, Lee GH, Choi MJ, Lim DS, Paek KS, Seo HG. Rosiglitazone-dependent dissociation of HuR from PPAR-γ regulates adiponectin expression at the posttranscriptional level. FASEB J 2019; 33:7707-7720. [PMID: 30897345 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201802643r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)-γ has been implicated as a key player in the regulation of adiponectin levels via both transcriptional and posttranscriptional mechanisms. Herein, we show that PPAR-γ interacts with human antigen R (HuR) and that the PPAR-γ-HuR complex dissociates following activation of PPAR-γ by rosiglitazone, a specific ligand of PPAR-γ. This rosiglitazone-dependent dissociation of HuR from PPAR-γ leads to nucleocytoplasmic shuttling of HuR and its binding to the 3'-UTR of adiponectin mRNA. PPAR-γ with H321A and H447A double mutation (PPAR-γH321/447A), a mutant lacking ligand-binding activity, impaired HuR dissociation from the PPAR-γ-HuR complex, resulting in reduced nucleocytoplasmic shuttling, even in the presence of rosiglitazone. Consequently, rosiglitazone up-regulated adiponectin levels by modulating the stability of adiponectin mRNA, whereas these effects were abolished by HuR ablation or blocked in cells expressing the PPAR-γH321/447A mutant, indicating that the interaction of PPAR-γ and HuR is a critical event during adiponectin expression. Taken together, the findings demonstrate a novel mechanism for regulating adiponectin expression at the posttranscriptional level and suggest that ligand-mediated activation of PPAR-γ to interfere with interaction of HuR could offer a therapeutic strategy for inflammation-associated diseases that involve decreased adiponectin mRNA stability.-Hwang, J. S., Lee, W. J., Hur, J., Lee, H. G., Kim, E., Lee, G. H., Choi, M.-J., Lim, D.-S., Paek, K. S., Seo, H. G. Rosiglitazone-dependent dissociation of HuR from PPAR-γ regulates adiponectin expression at the posttranscriptional level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung Seok Hwang
- Sanghuh College of Life Sciences, Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Won Jin Lee
- Sanghuh College of Life Sciences, Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jinwoo Hur
- Sanghuh College of Life Sciences, Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyuk Gyoon Lee
- Sanghuh College of Life Sciences, Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Eunsu Kim
- Sanghuh College of Life Sciences, Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Gyeong Hee Lee
- Sanghuh College of Life Sciences, Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Mi-Jung Choi
- Sanghuh College of Life Sciences, Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Dae-Seog Lim
- Department of Biotechnology, CHA University, Seongnam, Korea
| | | | - Han Geuk Seo
- Sanghuh College of Life Sciences, Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea
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20
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Abstract
Adiponectin is one of the most widely studied adipokines to date. First described in the mid-1990's, studying its regulation, biogenesis and physiological effects has proven to be extremely insightful and improved our understanding of the mechanisms that ensure systemic metabolic homeostasis. Here, we provide a brief overview of the current state of the field with respect to adiponectin, its history, sites and mechanisms of action, and the critical questions that will need to be addressed in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leon G Straub
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Philipp E Scherer
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.
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21
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Allicin induces beige-like adipocytes via KLF15 signal cascade. J Nutr Biochem 2019; 64:13-24. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2018.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2018] [Revised: 08/13/2018] [Accepted: 09/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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22
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TRPC5 ion channel permeation promotes weight gain in hypercholesterolaemic mice. Sci Rep 2019; 9:773. [PMID: 30692584 PMCID: PMC6349875 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-37299-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2018] [Accepted: 11/30/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Transient Receptor Potential Canonical 5 (TRPC5) is a subunit of a Ca2+-permeable non-selective cationic channel which negatively regulates adiponectin but not leptin in mice fed chow diet. Adiponectin is a major anti-inflammatory mediator and so we hypothesized an effect of TRPC5 on the inflammatory condition of atherosclerosis. Atherosclerosis was studied in aorta of ApoE−/− mice fed western-style diet. Inhibition of TRPC5 ion permeation was achieved by conditional transgenic expression of a dominant negative ion pore mutant of TRPC5 (DNT5). Gene expression analysis in adipose tissue suggested that DNT5 increases transcript expression for adiponectin while decreasing transcript expression of the inflammatory mediator Tnfα and potentially decreasing Il6, Il1β and Ccl2. Despite these differences there was mild or no reduction in plaque coverage in the aorta. Unexpectedly DNT5 caused highly significant reduction in body weight gain and reduced adipocyte size after 6 and 12 weeks of western-style diet. Steatosis and circulating lipids were unaffected but mild effects on regulators of lipogenesis could not be excluded, as indicated by small reductions in the expression of Srebp1c, Acaca, Scd1. The data suggest that TRPC5 ion channel permeation has little or no effect on atherosclerosis or steatosis but an unexpected major effect on weight gain.
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23
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Zhang Y, Federation AJ, Kim S, O'Keefe JP, Lun M, Xiang D, Brown JD, Steinhauser ML. Targeting nuclear receptor NR4A1-dependent adipocyte progenitor quiescence promotes metabolic adaptation to obesity. J Clin Invest 2018; 128:4898-4911. [PMID: 30277475 DOI: 10.1172/jci98353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2017] [Accepted: 08/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Adipocyte turnover in adulthood is low, suggesting that the cellular source of new adipocytes, the adipocyte progenitor (AP), resides in a state of relative quiescence. Yet the core transcriptional regulatory circuitry (CRC) responsible for establishing a quiescent state and the physiological significance of AP quiescence are incompletely understood. Here, we integrate transcriptomic data with maps of accessible chromatin in primary APs, implicating the orphan nuclear receptor NR4A1 in AP cell-state regulation. NR4A1 gain and loss of function in APs ex vivo decreased and enhanced adipogenesis, respectively. Adipose tissue of Nr4a1-/- mice demonstrated higher proliferative and adipogenic capacity compared with that of WT mice. Transplantation of Nr4a1-/- APs into the subcutaneous adipose tissue of WT obese recipients improved metrics of glucose homeostasis relative to administration of WT APs. Collectively, these data identify NR4A1 as a previously unrecognized constitutive regulator of AP quiescence and suggest that augmentation of adipose tissue plasticity may attenuate negative metabolic sequelae of obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Zhang
- Department of Medicine, Division of Genetics, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Alexander J Federation
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Altius Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Soomin Kim
- Department of Medicine, Division of Genetics, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - John P O'Keefe
- Department of Medicine, Division of Genetics, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Mingyue Lun
- Department of Medicine, Division of Genetics, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Dongxi Xiang
- Department of Medicine, Division of Genetics, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Jonathan D Brown
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Matthew L Steinhauser
- Department of Medicine, Division of Genetics, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
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24
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Kim SW, Suh HW, Yoo BK, Kwon K, Yu K, Choi JY, Kwon OY. Larval hemolymph of rhinoceros beetle, Allomyrina dichotoma, enhances insulin secretion through ATF3 gene expression in INS-1 pancreatic β-cells. Z NATURFORSCH C 2018; 73:391-396. [PMID: 29787378 DOI: 10.1515/znc-2018-0019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2018] [Accepted: 04/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
In this study, we show that INS-1 pancreatic β-cells treated for 2 h with hemolymph of larvae of rhinoceros beetle, Allomyrina dichotoma, secreted about twice as much insulin compared to control cells without such treatment. Activating transcription factor 3 (ATF3) was the highest upregulated gene in DNA chip analysis. The A. dichotoma hemolymph dose-dependently induced increased expression levels of genes encoding ATF3 and insulin. Conversely, treatment with ATF3 siRNA inhibited expression levels of both genes and curbed insulin secretion. These results suggest that the A. dichotoma hemolymph has potential for treating and preventing diabetes or diabetes-related complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung-Whan Kim
- Department of Emergency Medicine, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 35015, Korea
| | - Hyun-Woo Suh
- Departments of Medical Science and Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 35015, Korea
| | - Bo-Kyung Yoo
- Departments of Medical Science and Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 35015, Korea
| | - Kisang Kwon
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, College of Health and Welfare, Kyungwoon University, Gumi 39160, Korea
| | - Kweon Yu
- Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - Ji-Young Choi
- Applied Entomology Division, National Academy of Agricultural Science, RDA, Wanju 55365, Korea
| | - O-Yu Kwon
- Departments of Medical Science and Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 35015, Korea
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25
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Molecular therapy using siRNA: Recent trends and advances of multi target inhibition of cancer growth. Int J Biol Macromol 2018; 116:880-892. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.05.077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2018] [Revised: 05/11/2018] [Accepted: 05/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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26
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Lin H, Cheng CF. Activating transcription factor 3, an early cellular adaptive responder in ischemia/reperfusion-induced injury. Tzu Chi Med J 2018; 30:61-65. [PMID: 29875584 PMCID: PMC5968744 DOI: 10.4103/tcmj.tcmj_37_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent studies have reported that ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) may act in the immune system where an exaggerated inflammatory response is initiated. With the activation of the immune system, damage-associated molecular patterns migrate and adhere to the I/R region, consequently inducing multiorgan injury. Emerging data indicate that upon I/R, stress-inducible proteins, including activating transcription factor 3 (ATF3), play essential roles in signaling during antiapoptotic, antimigration, and anti-inflammatory processes. Accumulating data suggest that ATF3 may be a potential target in I/R- or inflammation-induced organ dysfunction. This minireview focuses on the emerging evidence of the roles of ATF3 in multiple organs including the kidney, myocardium, and brain following I/R injury. In addition, this review addresses the role of ATF3 in chronic inflammation-induced pathophysiologies such as diabetes and atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heng Lin
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Feng Cheng
- Department of Pediatrics, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan.,School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
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27
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Abstract
The adult human adipose tissue is predominantly composed of white adipocytes. However, within certain depots, adipose tissue contains thermogenically active brown-like adipocytes, which have been evolutionarily conserved in mammals. This chapter will give a brief overview on the methods used to genetically target and trace both white and brown adipocytes using techniques such as bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) cloning to create transgenic mouse models and the tools with which genetic recombination is mediated in vivo (e.g., Cre-loxP, CreERT, and Tet-On). The chapter furthermore critically discusses the strength and limitation of the various systems used to target mature white and brown adipocytes (ap2-Cre, Adipoq-Cre, and Ucp1-Cre). Based on these systems, it is evident that our knowledge of mature adipocyte categorization into brown, white, brite, or beige adipocytes is strongly influenced by the use of the various genetic mouse models described in this chapter. Our evaluation of different studies using the aforementioned systems focuses on key genes, which have been reported to maintain adipocyte's function (insulin receptor, Raptor, or Atgl).
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Wolfrum
- Institute of Food, Nutrition, and Health, ETH Zurich, Zürich, Switzerland
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28
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Zhu H, Liu M, Zhang N, Pan H, Lin G, Li N, Wang L, Yang H, Yan K, Gong F. Serum and Adipose Tissue mRNA Levels of ATF3 and FNDC5/Irisin in Colorectal Cancer Patients With or Without Obesity. Front Physiol 2018; 9:1125. [PMID: 30246803 PMCID: PMC6140752 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2018.01125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2018] [Accepted: 07/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives: To explore the activating transcription factor 3 (ATF3) and fibronectin type III domain-containing protein 5 (FNDC5)/irisin protein levels in serum and mRNA levels in subcutaneous and visceral white adipose tissue (sWAT and vWAT) in normal-weight (NW) and overweight/obese (OW/OB) patients with colorectal cancer (CRC). Methods: 76 CRC patients and 40 healthy controls were recruited. Serum ATF3 and irisin levels were detected by using ELISA kits, and the mRNA expression levels in sWAT and vWAT were measured by performing RT-qPCR. Results: The serum ATF3 levels were greater by 37.2%, whereas the irisin levels were lower by 23.3% in NW+CRC patients compared with those in healthy controls. CRC was independently associated with both ATF3 and irisin levels. The probability of CRC greater by 22.3-fold in individuals with high ATF3 levels compared with those with low ATF3 levels, whereas the risk of CRC in subjects with high irisin levels was lower by 78.0% compared to the risk in those with low irisin levels after adjustment for age, gender, BMI, and other biochemical parameters. Serum ATF3 and irisin could differentiate CRC patients from controls with receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve areas of 0.745 (95% CI, 0.655-0.823) and 0.656 (95% CI, 0.561-0.743), respectively. The combination of ATF3 and irisin exhibited improved diagnosis value accuracy with ROC curve areas of 0.796 (95% CI, 0.710-0.866) as well as 72.6% sensitivity and 80.0% specificity. Conclusion: Increased ATF3 and reduced irisin levels were observed in sera from CRC patients. Individuals with high ATF3 and low irisin levels were more likely to have CRC. ATF3 and irisin represent potential diagnostic biomarkers for CRC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huijuan Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Endocrinology of National Health Commission, Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Meijuan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Endocrinology of National Health Commission, Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Nianrong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Endocrinology of National Health Commission, Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Hui Pan
- Key Laboratory of Endocrinology of National Health Commission, Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Guole Lin
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Naishi Li
- Key Laboratory of Endocrinology of National Health Commission, Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Linjie Wang
- Key Laboratory of Endocrinology of National Health Commission, Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Hongbo Yang
- Key Laboratory of Endocrinology of National Health Commission, Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Kemin Yan
- Key Laboratory of Endocrinology of National Health Commission, Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Fengying Gong
- Key Laboratory of Endocrinology of National Health Commission, Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Fengying Gong, ;
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29
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Abstract
Numerous environmental, physiological, and pathological insults disrupt protein-folding homeostasis in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), referred to as ER stress. Eukaryotic cells evolved a set of intracellular signaling pathways, collectively termed the unfolded protein response (UPR), to maintain a productive ER protein-folding environment through reprogramming gene transcription and mRNA translation. The UPR is largely dependent on transcription factors (TFs) that modulate expression of genes involved in many physiological and pathological conditions, including development, metabolism, inflammation, neurodegenerative diseases, and cancer. Here we summarize the current knowledge about these mechanisms, their impact on physiological/pathological processes, and potential therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaeseok Han
- Soonchunhyang Institute of Medi-Bio Science (SIMS), Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan-si, Choongchungnam-do 31151, Republic of Korea
| | - Randal J Kaufman
- Degenerative Diseases Program, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, California, 92307 USA
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30
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Ariyasu D, Yoshida H, Hasegawa Y. Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) Stress and Endocrine Disorders. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18020382. [PMID: 28208663 PMCID: PMC5343917 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18020382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2016] [Revised: 01/24/2017] [Accepted: 02/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is the organelle where secretory and membrane proteins are synthesized and folded. Unfolded proteins that are retained within the ER can cause ER stress. Eukaryotic cells have a defense system called the “unfolded protein response” (UPR), which protects cells from ER stress. Cells undergo apoptosis when ER stress exceeds the capacity of the UPR, which has been revealed to cause human diseases. Although neurodegenerative diseases are well-known ER stress-related diseases, it has been discovered that endocrine diseases are also related to ER stress. In this review, we focus on ER stress-related human endocrine disorders. In addition to diabetes mellitus, which is well characterized, several relatively rare genetic disorders such as familial neurohypophyseal diabetes insipidus (FNDI), Wolfram syndrome, and isolated growth hormone deficiency type II (IGHD2) are discussed in this article.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daisuke Ariyasu
- Division of Developmental Genetics, Institute of Resource Development and Analysis, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-0811, Japan.
| | - Hiderou Yoshida
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Graduate School of Life Science, University of Hyogo, Hyogo 678-1297, Japan.
| | - Yukihiro Hasegawa
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Tokyo Metropolitan Children's Medical Center, Tokyo 183-8561, Japan.
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31
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Chandrahas VK, Han J, Kaufman RJ. Coordinating Organismal Metabolism During Protein Misfolding in the ER Through the Unfolded Protein Response. Curr Top Microbiol Immunol 2017; 414:103-130. [PMID: 28900680 DOI: 10.1007/82_2017_41] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is a cellular organelle responsible for folding of secretory and membrane proteins. Perturbance in ER homeostasis caused by various intrinsic/extrinsic stimuli challenges the protein-folding capacity of the ER, leading to an ER dysfunction, called ER stress. Cells have developed a defensive response to adapt and/or survive in the face of ER stress that may be detrimental to cell function and survival. When exposed to ER stress, the cell activates a complex and elaborate signaling network that includes translational modulation and transcriptional induction of genes. In addition to these autonomous responses, recent studies suggest that the stressed tissue secretes peptides or unknown factors that transfer the signal to other cells in the same or different organs, leading the organism as a whole to cope with challenges in a non-autonomous manner. In this review, we discuss the mechanisms by which cells adapt to ER stress challenges autonomously and transfer the stress signal to non-stressed cells in different organs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vishwanatha K Chandrahas
- Degenerative Diseases Program, Sanford_Burnham_Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, 92037, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Jaeseok Han
- Soonchunhyang Institute of Med-bio Science (SIMS), Soonchunhyang University, 31151, Cheonan-si, Chungcheongnam-do, Republic of Korea.
| | - Randal J Kaufman
- Degenerative Diseases Program, Sanford_Burnham_Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, 92037, La Jolla, CA, USA.
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32
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Chang YC, Chiu YF, He CT, Sheu WHH, Lin MW, Seto TB, Assimes T, Jou YS, Su L, Lee WJ, Lee PC, Tsai SH, Chuang LM. Genome-wide linkage analysis and regional fine mapping identified variants in the RYR3 gene as a novel quantitative trait locus for circulating adiponectin in Chinese population. Medicine (Baltimore) 2016; 95:e5174. [PMID: 27858853 PMCID: PMC5591101 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000005174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Adiponectin is adipocyte-secreted cytokine with potent insulin-sensitizing action in peripheral tissues. The heritability of plasma adiponectin is high in Han Chinese population.To identify genetic loci influencing plasma adiponectin levels in Chinese population, we performed a genome-wide linkage scan in 1949 Chinese participants of the Stanford Asia-Pacific Program for Hypertension and Insulin Resistance family study and mapped a quantitative trail locus located on chromosome 15 at 31 cM (logarithm of odds = 3.04) with 1-logarithm of odds support interval at 24 to 34 cM. Within this mapped region, we further genotyped a total of 68 single-nucleotide polymorphisms in 12 genes. Association analysis revealed that haplotypes composed of single-nucleotide polymorphisms in the ryanodine receptor 3 (RYR3) gene had strongest association with plasma adiponectin. RYR3 haplotypes were also associated with systolic (P = 0.001) and diastolic (P = 7.1 × 10) blood pressure and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (P = 1.4 × 10). Furthermore, an inverse relationship between expression of RYR3 and adiponectin was observed in human abdominal adipose tissue. In conclusion, a genome-wide linkage scan and regional association fine-mapping identified variants in the RYR3 gene as a quantitative trail locus for plasma adiponectin levels in Chinese population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Cheng Chang
- Graduate Institute of Medical Genomics and Proteomics, National Taiwan University
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital
- Institute of Biomedical Science, Academia Sinica, Taipei
| | - Yen-Feng Chiu
- Division of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan
| | - Chih-Tsueng He
- Department of Internal Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital Songshan Branch, Taipei
| | - Wayne Huey-Herng Sheu
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung
| | - Ming-Wei Lin
- Institute of Public Health, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Todd B. Seto
- Center for Outcomes Research and Evaluation, Non-Invasive Cardiology Laboratory, The Queen’s Medical Center, Honolulu, HI
| | | | - Yuh-Shan Jou
- Institute of Biomedical Science, Academia Sinica, Taipei
| | - Lynn Su
- Graduate Institute of Molecular Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei
| | - Wei-Jei Lee
- Department of Surgery, Ming-Sheng General Hospital, Taoyuan
| | - Po-Chu Lee
- Department of General Surgery, National Taiwan University Hospital
| | - Shu-Huei Tsai
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital
| | - Lee-Ming Chuang
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital
- Graduate Institute of Molecular Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei
- Institute of Preventive Medicine, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Correspondence: Lee-Ming Chuang, Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, 7 Chung-Shan South Road, Taipei, Taiwan (e-mail: )
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33
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Galichon P, Bataille A, Vandermeersch S, Wetzstein M, Xu-Dubois YC, Legouis D, Hertig A, Buob D, Placier S, Bigé N, Lefevre G, Jouanneau C, Martin C, Iovanna JL, Rondeau E. Stress Response Gene Nupr1 Alleviates Cyclosporin A Nephrotoxicity In Vivo. J Am Soc Nephrol 2016; 28:545-556. [PMID: 27451286 DOI: 10.1681/asn.2015080936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2015] [Accepted: 06/12/2016] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute tubular damage is a major cause of renal failure, especially at the early phase of kidney transplant when ischemia-reperfusion injury and cyclosporin A toxicity may coexist. The mechanisms of the latter are largely unknown. Using an mRNA microarray on microdissected tubules from a rat model of cyclosporin A toxicity to describe the related epithelial-specific transcriptional signature in vivo, we found that cyclosporin A induces pathways dependent on the transcription factor ATF4 and identified nuclear protein transcriptional regulator 1 (Nupr1), a stress response gene induced by ATF4, as the gene most strongly upregulated. Upon cyclosporin A treatment, Nupr1-deficient mice exhibited worse renal tubular lesions than wild-type mice. In primary cultures treated with cyclosporin A, renal tubular cells isolated from Nupr1-deficient mice exhibited more apoptosis and ATP depletion than cells from wild-type mice. Furthermore, cyclosporin A decreased protein synthesis and abolished proliferation in wild-type tubular cells, but only reduced proliferation in Nupr1-deficient cells. Compared with controls, mouse models of ischemia-reperfusion injury, urinary obstruction, and hypertension exhibited upregulated expression of renal NUPR1, and cyclosporin A induced Nupr1 expression in cultured human tubular epithelial cells. Finally, immunohistochemical analysis revealed strong expression of NUPR1 in the nuclei of renal proximal tubules of injured human kidney allografts, but not in those of stable allografts. Taken together, these results suggest that epithelial expression of NUPR1 has a protective role in response to injury after renal transplant and, presumably, in other forms of acute tubular damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre Galichon
- Mixed Research Unit 1155, Pierre et Marie Curie University - University Paris 06, Sorbonne Universités, Paris, France; .,Departments of Renal Intensive Care and Transplantation.,Mixed Research Unit 1155, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Paris, France; and
| | - Aurélien Bataille
- Mixed Research Unit 1155, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Paris, France; and
| | - Sophie Vandermeersch
- Mixed Research Unit 1155, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Paris, France; and
| | - Morgane Wetzstein
- Mixed Research Unit 1155, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Paris, France; and
| | - Yi-Chun Xu-Dubois
- Mixed Research Unit 1155, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Paris, France; and
| | - David Legouis
- Mixed Research Unit 1155, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Paris, France; and
| | - Alexandre Hertig
- Mixed Research Unit 1155, Pierre et Marie Curie University - University Paris 06, Sorbonne Universités, Paris, France.,Departments of Renal Intensive Care and Transplantation.,Mixed Research Unit 1155, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Paris, France; and
| | - David Buob
- Mixed Research Unit 1155, Pierre et Marie Curie University - University Paris 06, Sorbonne Universités, Paris, France.,Mixed Research Unit 1155, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Paris, France; and.,Pathology, and
| | - Sandrine Placier
- Mixed Research Unit 1155, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Paris, France; and
| | - Naïke Bigé
- Mixed Research Unit 1155, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Paris, France; and
| | - Guillaume Lefevre
- Biochemistry, Tenon Hospital, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Chantal Jouanneau
- Mixed Research Unit 1155, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Paris, France; and
| | - Caroline Martin
- Mixed Research Unit 1155, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Paris, France; and
| | - Juan Lucio Iovanna
- Unit 1068, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Marseille, France
| | - Eric Rondeau
- Mixed Research Unit 1155, Pierre et Marie Curie University - University Paris 06, Sorbonne Universités, Paris, France.,Departments of Renal Intensive Care and Transplantation.,Mixed Research Unit 1155, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Paris, France; and
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34
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The role of adiponectin in obesity-associated female-specific carcinogenesis. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev 2016; 31:37-48. [PMID: 27079372 DOI: 10.1016/j.cytogfr.2016.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2016] [Revised: 03/05/2016] [Accepted: 03/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Adipose tissue is a highly vascularized endocrine organ, and its secretion profiles may vary with obesity. Adiponectin is secreted by adipocytes that make up adipose tissue. Worldwide, obesity has been designated a serious health problem among women and is associated with a variety of metabolic disorders and an increased risk of developing cancer of the cervix, ovaries, uterus (uterine/endometrial), and breast. In this review, the potential link between obesity and female-specific malignancies is comprehensively presented by discussing significant features of the intriguing and complex molecule, adiponectin, with a focus on recent findings highlighting its molecular mechanism of action in female-specific carcinogenesis.
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35
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Yang CJ, Yang J, Fan ZX, Yang J. Activating transcription factor 3--an endogenous inhibitor of myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury (Review). Mol Med Rep 2015; 13:9-12. [PMID: 26548643 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2015.4529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2015] [Accepted: 10/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Coronary heart diseases, particularly acute coronary syndrome, have increased in morbidity and mortality in recent decades. Percutaneous coronary intervention, coronary artery bypass grafting and thrombolytic agents are effective strategies to rescue the infarcted myocardium. In addition to acute myocardial infarction, the resulting myocardial ischemia‑reperfusion injury (MIRI) leads to serious secondary injury of the heart. Studies have demonstrated that activating transcription factor (ATF)/cyclic adenosine monophosphate response element binding family member ATF3 had a negative regulatory role in IRI, particularly in the kidney, cerebrum and liver. The present review expounded the expression characteristics of ATF3 and its protective effects against MIRI, providing a theoretical basis for the overexpression of ATF3 in the myocardium as a promising gene-therapeutic strategy for MIRI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao-Jun Yang
- Department of Cardiology, The First College of Clinical Medical Sciences, Yichang, Hubei 443000, P.R. China
| | - Jun Yang
- Department of Cardiology, The First College of Clinical Medical Sciences, Yichang, Hubei 443000, P.R. China
| | - Zhi-Xing Fan
- Department of Cardiology, The First College of Clinical Medical Sciences, Yichang, Hubei 443000, P.R. China
| | - Jian Yang
- Department of Cardiology, The First College of Clinical Medical Sciences, Yichang, Hubei 443000, P.R. China
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36
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Emrani R, Rébillard A, Lefeuvre L, Gratas-Delamarche A, Davies KJA, Cillard J. The calcineurin antagonist RCAN1-4 is induced by exhaustive exercise in rat skeletal muscle. Free Radic Biol Med 2015; 87:290-9. [PMID: 26122706 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2015.06.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2015] [Revised: 06/18/2015] [Accepted: 06/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this work was to study the regulation of the calcineurin antagonist regulator of calcineurin 1 (RCAN1) in rat skeletal muscles after exhaustive physical exercise, which is a physiological modulator of oxidative stress. Three skeletal muscles, namely extensor digitorum longus (EDL), gastrocnemius, and soleus, were investigated. Exhaustive exercise increased RCAN1-4 protein levels in EDL and gastrocnemius, but not in soleus. Protein oxidation as an index of oxidative stress was increased in EDL and gastrocnemius, but remained unchanged in soleus. However, lipid peroxidation was increased in all three muscles. CuZnSOD and catalase protein levels were increased at 3 h postexercise in soleus, whereas they remained unchanged in EDL and gastrocnemius. Calcineurin enzymatic activity declined in EDL and gastrocnemius but not in soleus, and its protein expression was decreased in all three muscles. The level of PGC1-α protein remained unchanged, whereas the protein expression of the transcription factor NFATc4 was decreased in all three muscles. Adiponectin expression was increased in all three muscles. RCAN1-4 expression in EDL and gastrocnemius muscles was augmented by the oxidative stress generated from exhaustive exercise. We propose that increased RCAN1-4 expression and the signal transduction pathways it regulates represent important components of the physiological adaptation to exercise-induced oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramin Emrani
- Laboratory of Movement, Sport & Health Sciences (EA 1274), Faculty of Pharmacy, University Rennes 1, 35043 Rennes Cédex, France
| | - Amélie Rébillard
- Laboratory of Movement, Sport & Health Sciences, University Rennes 2, Ecole Normale Supérieure Rennes, 35170 Bruz, France
| | - Luz Lefeuvre
- Laboratory of Movement, Sport & Health Sciences, University Rennes 2, Ecole Normale Supérieure Rennes, 35170 Bruz, France
| | - Arlette Gratas-Delamarche
- Laboratory of Movement, Sport & Health Sciences, University Rennes 2, Ecole Normale Supérieure Rennes, 35170 Bruz, France
| | - Kelvin J A Davies
- Ethel Percy Andrus Gerontology Center, Leonard Davis School of Gerontology, and Division of Molecular and Computational Biology, Department of Biological Sciences, Dornsife College of Letters, Arts & Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089-0191, USA
| | - Josiane Cillard
- Laboratory of Movement, Sport & Health Sciences (EA 1274), Faculty of Pharmacy, University Rennes 1, 35043 Rennes Cédex, France.
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37
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Svensson K, Schnyder S, Albert V, Cardel B, Quagliata L, Terracciano LM, Handschin C. Resveratrol and SRT1720 Elicit Differential Effects in Metabolic Organs and Modulate Systemic Parameters Independently of Skeletal Muscle Peroxisome Proliferator-activated Receptor γ Co-activator 1α (PGC-1α). J Biol Chem 2015; 290:16059-76. [PMID: 25987562 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m114.590653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2014] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Resveratrol (RSV) and SRT1720 (SRT) elicit beneficial metabolic effects and are postulated to ameliorate obesity and related metabolic complications. The co-activator, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ co-activator 1α (PGC-1α), has emerged as a major downstream effector responsible for metabolic remodeling of muscle and other metabolic tissues in response to RSV or SRT treatment. However, the requirement of PGC-1α in skeletal muscle for the systemic metabolic effects of these compounds has so far not been demonstrated. Using muscle-specific PGC-1α knock-out mice, we show that PGC-1α is necessary for transcriptional induction of mitochondrial genes in muscle with both RSV and SRT treatment. Surprisingly, the beneficial effects of SRT on glucose homeostasis and of both compounds on energy expenditure occur even in the absence of muscle PGC-1α. Moreover, RSV and SRT treatment elicit differential transcriptional effects on genes involved in lipid metabolism and mitochondrial biogenesis in liver and adipose tissue. These findings indicate that RSV and SRT do not induce analogous metabolic effects in vivo. Our results provide important insights into the mechanism, effects, and organ specificity of the caloric restriction mimetics RSV and SRT. These findings are important for the design of future therapeutic interventions aimed at ameliorating obesity and obesity-related metabolic dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristoffer Svensson
- From the Biozentrum, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 50/70, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland and
| | - Svenia Schnyder
- From the Biozentrum, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 50/70, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland and
| | - Verena Albert
- From the Biozentrum, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 50/70, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland and
| | - Bettina Cardel
- From the Biozentrum, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 50/70, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland and
| | - Luca Quagliata
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Institute for Pathology, University Hospital Basel, CH-4003 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Luigi M Terracciano
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Institute for Pathology, University Hospital Basel, CH-4003 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Christoph Handschin
- From the Biozentrum, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 50/70, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland and
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Jang MK, Jung MH. ATF3 inhibits PPARγ-stimulated transactivation in adipocyte cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2014; 456:80-5. [PMID: 25446101 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2014.11.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2014] [Accepted: 11/14/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Previously, we reported that activating transcription factor 3 (ATF3) downregulates peroxisome proliferator activated receptor (PPARγ) gene expression and inhibits adipocyte differentiation in 3T3-L1 cells. Here, we investigated another role of ATF3 on the regulation of PPARγ activity. ATF3 inhibited PPARγ-stimulated transactivation of PPARγ responsive element (PPRE)-containing reporter or GAL4/PPARγ chimeric reporter. Thus, ATF3 effectively repressed rosiglitazone-stimulated expression of adipocyte fatty acid binding protein (aP2), PPARγ target gene, in 3T3-L1 cells. Coimmunoprecipitation and GST pulldown assay demonstrated that ATF3 interacted with PPARγ. Accordingly, ATF3 prevented PPARγ from binding to PPRE on the aP2 promoter. Furthermore, ATF3 suppressed p300-mediated transcriptional coactivation of PPRE-containing reporter. Chromatin immunoprecipitation assay showed that overexpression of ATF3 blocked both binding of PPARγ and recruitment of p300 to PPRE on aP2 promoter induced by rosiglitazone treatment in 3T3-L1 cells. Taken together, these results suggest that ATF3 interacts with PPARγ and represses PPARγ-mediated transactivation through suppression of p300-stimulated coactivation in 3T3-L1 cells, which may play a role in inhibition of adipocyte differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min-Kyung Jang
- School of Korean Medicine, Pusan National University, #49 Busandae hak-ro, Mulguem-eup, Yangsan-si, Gyeongnam 609-735, South Korea
| | - Myeong Ho Jung
- School of Korean Medicine, Pusan National University, #49 Busandae hak-ro, Mulguem-eup, Yangsan-si, Gyeongnam 609-735, South Korea.
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ATF3 represses PPARγ expression and inhibits adipocyte differentiation. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2014; 454:58-64. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2014.10.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2014] [Accepted: 10/07/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Zhu H, Guariglia S, Li W, Brancho D, Wang ZV, Scherer PE, Chow CW. Role of extracellular signal-regulated kinase 5 in adipocyte signaling. J Biol Chem 2014; 289:6311-22. [PMID: 24425864 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m113.506584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Increased adiposity due to energy imbalance is a critical factor of the epidemic crisis of obesity and type II diabetes. In addition to the obvious role in energy storage, regulatory factors are secreted from adipose depots to control appetite and cellular homeostasis. Complex signaling cross-talks within adipocyte are also evident due to the metabolic and immune nature of adipose depots. Here, we uncover a role of extracellular signal-regulated kinase 5 (ERK5) in adipocyte signaling. We find that deletion of ERK5 in adipose depots (adipo-ERK5(-/-)) increases adiposity, in part, due to increased food intake. Dysregulated secretion of adipokines, leptin resistance, and impaired glucose handling are also found in adipo-ERK5(-/-) mice. Mechanistically, we show that ERK5 impinges on transcription factor NFATc4. Decreased phosphorylation at the conserved gate-keeping Ser residues and increased nuclear localization of NFATc4 are found in adipo-ERK5(-/-) mice. We also find attenuated PKA activation in adipo-ERK5(-/-) mice. In response to stimulation of β-adrenergic G-protein-coupled receptor, we find decreased NFATc4 phosphorylation and impaired PKA activation in adipo-ERK5(-/-) mice. Reduced cAMP accumulation and increased phosphodiesterase activity are also found. Together, these results demonstrate integration of ERK5 with NFATc4 nucleo-cytoplasmic shuttling and PKA activation in adipocyte signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Zhu
- From the Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York 10461
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41
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Mao D, Hou X, Talbott H, Cushman R, Cupp A, Davis JS. ATF3 expression in the corpus luteum: possible role in luteal regression. Mol Endocrinol 2013; 27:2066-79. [PMID: 24196350 DOI: 10.1210/me.2013-1274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study investigated the induction and possible role of activating transcription factor 3 (ATF3) in the corpus luteum. Postpubertal cattle were treated at midcycle with prostaglandin F2α(PGF) for 0-4 hours. Luteal tissue was processed for immunohistochemistry, in situ hybridization, and isolation of protein and RNA. Ovaries were also collected from midluteal phase and first-trimester pregnant cows. Luteal cells were prepared and sorted by centrifugal elutriation to obtain purified small (SLCs) and large luteal cells (LLCs). Real-time PCR and in situ hybridization showed that ATF3 mRNA increased within 1 hour of PGF treatment in vivo. Western blot and immunohistochemistry demonstrated that ATF3 protein was expressed in the nuclei of LLC within 1 hour and was maintained for at least 4 hours. PGF treatment in vitro increased ATF3 expression only in LLC, whereas TNF induced ATF3 in both SLCs and LLCs. PGF stimulated concentration- and time-dependent increases in ATF3 and phosphorylation of MAPKs in LLCs. Combinations of MAPK inhibitors suppressed ATF3 expression in LLCs. Adenoviral-mediated expression of ATF3 inhibited LH-stimulated cAMP response element reporter luciferase activity and progesterone production in LLCs and SLCs but did not alter cell viability or change the expression or activity of key regulators of progesterone synthesis. In conclusion, the action of PGF in LLCs is associated with the rapid activation of stress-activated protein kinases and the induction of ATF3, which may contribute to the reduction in steroid synthesis during luteal regression. ATF3 appears to affect gonadotropin-stimulated progesterone secretion at a step or steps downstream of PKA signaling and before cholesterol conversion to progesterone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dagan Mao
- Olson Center for Women's Health, Department of Obstetrics/Gynecology, Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198.
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Kim JY, Park KJ, Kim GH, Jeong EA, Lee DY, Lee SS, Kim DJ, Roh GS, Song J, Ki SH, Kim WH. In vivo activating transcription factor 3 silencing ameliorates the AMPK compensatory effects for ER stress-mediated β-cell dysfunction during the progression of type-2 diabetes. Cell Signal 2013; 25:2348-61. [PMID: 23916985 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2013.07.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2013] [Revised: 07/15/2013] [Accepted: 07/29/2013] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
In obese Zucker diabetic fatty (ZDF) rats, ER stress is associated with insulin resistance and pancreatic β-cell dysfunction; however the exact mechanisms by which ER stress drives type-2 diabetes remain uncertain. Here, we investigated the role of ATF3 on the preventive regulation of AMPK against ER stress-mediated β-cell dysfunction during the end-stage progression of hyperglycemia in ZDF rats. The impaired glucose metabolism and β-cell dysfunction were significantly increased in late-diabetic phase 19-week-old ZDF rats. Although AMPK phosphorylation reduced in 6- and 12-week-old ZDF rats was remarkably increased at 19weeks, the increases of lipogenice genes, ATF3, and ER stress or ROS-mediated β-cell dysfunction were still remained, which were attenuated by in vivo-injection of chemical chaperon tauroursodeoxycholate (TUDCA), chronic AICAR, or antioxidants. ATF3 did not directly affect AMPK phosphorylation, but counteracts the preventive effects of AMPK for high glucose-induced β-cell dysfunction. Moreover, knockdown of ATF3 by delivery of in vivo-jetPEI ATF3 siRNA attenuated ER stress-mediated β-cell dysfunction and enhanced the beneficial effect of AICAR. Our data suggest that ATF3 may play as a counteracting regulator of AMPK and thus promote β-cell dysfunction and the development of type-2 diabetes and could be a potential therapeutic target in treating type-2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Yeon Kim
- Division of Metabolic Disease, Center for Biomedical Science, National Institutes of Health, #187 Osong Saengmyeong2-ro, Osong-eup, Cheongwon-gun, Chungbuk, Republic of Korea
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Gu D, Wang Z, Dou X, Zhang X, Li S, Vu L, Yao T, Song Z. Inhibition of ERK1/2 pathway suppresses adiponectin secretion via accelerating protein degradation by Ubiquitin-proteasome system: relevance to obesity-related adiponectin decline. Metabolism 2013; 62:1137-48. [PMID: 23490586 PMCID: PMC3718849 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2013.01.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2012] [Revised: 01/03/2013] [Accepted: 01/08/2013] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Predominantly secreted by adipose tissue, adiponectin possesses insulin-sensitizing, anti-atherogenic, anti-inflammatory, and anti-angiogenic properties. Paradoxically, obesity is associated with declined plasma adiponectin levels; however, the underlying mechanisms remain elusive. In this study, we investigated the mechanistic involvement of MEK/ERK1/2 pathway in obesity-related adiponectin decrease. MATERIALS/METHODS C57 BL/6 mice exposed to a high-fat diet (HFD) were employed as animal obesity model. Both fully-differentiated 3T3-L1 and mouse primary adipocytes were used in the in vitro experiments. RESULTS Obesity and plasma adiponectin decline induced by prolonged HFD exposure were associated with suppressed ERK1/2 activation in adipose tissue. In adipocytes, specific inhibition of MEK/ERK1/2 pathway decreased intracellular and secretory adiponectin levels, whereas adiponectin gene expression was increased, suggesting that MEK/ERK1/2 inhibition may promote adiponectin protein degradation. Cycloheximide (CHX)-chase assay revealed that MEK/ERK1/2 inhibition accelerated adiponectin protein degradation, which was prevented by MG132, a potent proteasome inhibitor. Immunoprecipitation assay showed that intracellular MEK/ERK1/2 activity was negatively associated with ubiquitinated adiponectin protein levels. Consistently, long-term HFD feeing in mice increased ubiquitinated adiponectin levels in the epididymal fat pads. CONCLUSIONS Adipose tissue MEK/ERK1/2 activity can differentially regulate adiponectin gene expression and protein abundance and its suppression in obesity may play a mechanistic role in obesity-related plasma adiponectin decline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongfang Gu
- Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Medicine Research (Harbin Medical University), Ministry of Education, P. R. China
| | - Zhigang Wang
- Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612
| | - Xiaobing Dou
- Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612
- College of Life Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P. R. China. 310053
| | - Ximei Zhang
- Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612
| | - Songtao Li
- Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612
| | - Lyndsey Vu
- Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612
| | - Tong Yao
- Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612
| | - Zhenyuan Song
- Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612
- Department of Pathology, Medical Center, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL 60612
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Schindler M, Fischer S, Thieme R, Fischer B, Santos AN. cAMP-responsive element binding protein: a vital link in embryonic hormonal adaptation. Endocrinology 2013; 154:2208-21. [PMID: 23568554 DOI: 10.1210/en.2012-2096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The transcription factor cAMP responsive element-binding protein (CREB) and activating transcription factors (ATFs) are downstream components of the insulin/IGF cascade, playing crucial roles in maintaining cell viability and embryo survival. One of the CREB target genes is adiponectin, which acts synergistically with insulin. We have studied the CREB-ATF-adiponectin network in rabbit preimplantation development in vivo and in vitro. From the blastocyst stage onwards, CREB and ATF1, ATF3, and ATF4 are present with increasing expression for CREB, ATF1, and ATF3 during gastrulation and with a dominant expression in the embryoblast (EB). In vitro stimulation with insulin and IGF-I reduced CREB and ATF1 transcripts by approximately 50%, whereas CREB phosphorylation was increased. Activation of CREB was accompanied by subsequent reduction in adiponectin and adiponectin receptor (adipoR)1 expression. Under in vivo conditions of diabetes type 1, maternal adiponectin levels were up-regulated in serum and endometrium. Embryonic CREB expression was altered in a cell lineage-specific pattern. Although in EB cells CREB localization did not change, it was translocated from the nucleus into the cytosol in trophoblast (TB) cells. In TB, adiponectin expression was increased (diabetic 427.8 ± 59.3 pg/mL vs normoinsulinaemic 143.9 ± 26.5 pg/mL), whereas it was no longer measureable in the EB. Analysis of embryonic adipoRs showed an increased expression of adipoR1 and no changes in adipoR2 transcription. We conclude that the transcription factors CREB and ATFs vitally participate in embryo-maternal cross talk before implantation in a cell lineage-specific manner. Embryonic CREB/ATFs act as insulin/IGF sensors. Lack of insulin is compensated by a CREB-mediated adiponectin expression, which may maintain glucose uptake in blastocysts grown in diabetic mothers.
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MESH Headings
- Activating Transcription Factor 1/genetics
- Activating Transcription Factor 1/metabolism
- Activating Transcription Factor 3/genetics
- Activating Transcription Factor 3/metabolism
- Adiponectin/genetics
- Adiponectin/metabolism
- Alloxan
- Animals
- Blastocyst/drug effects
- Blastocyst/metabolism
- Blotting, Western
- Cyclic AMP Response Element-Binding Protein/genetics
- Cyclic AMP Response Element-Binding Protein/metabolism
- Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/chemically induced
- Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/genetics
- Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/metabolism
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/chemically induced
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/genetics
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/metabolism
- Female
- Gastrulation/drug effects
- Gastrulation/genetics
- Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental
- Insulin/pharmacology
- Insulin-Like Growth Factor I/pharmacology
- Insulin-Like Growth Factor II/pharmacology
- Male
- Phosphorylation/drug effects
- Rabbits
- Receptors, Adiponectin/genetics
- Receptors, Adiponectin/metabolism
- Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
- Trophoblasts/drug effects
- Trophoblasts/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Schindler
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Martin Luther University Faculty of Medicine, Grosse Steinstrasse 52, D-06097 Halle (Saale), Germany.
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Tsai SH, Chang EYC, Chang YC, Hee SW, Tsai YC, Chang TJ, Chuang LM. Knockdown of RyR3 enhances adiponectin expression through an atf3-dependent pathway. Endocrinology 2013; 154:1117-29. [PMID: 23389954 DOI: 10.1210/en.2012-1515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Adiponectin is an important adipose-specific protein, which possesses insulin (INS)-sensitizing, antiinflammatory, and antiatherosclerotic functions. However, its regulation remains largely unknown. In this study, we identified that ryanodine receptor (RyR)3 plays an important role in the regulation of adiponectin expression. RyR3 was expressed in 3T3-L1 preadipocytes, and its level was decreased upon adipogenesis. Silencing of RyR3 expression in 3T3-L1 preadipocytes resulted in up-regulated adiponectin promoter activity, enhanced adiponectin mRNA expression, and more adiponectin protein secreted into the medium. An inverse relation between RyR3 and adiponectin mRNA levels was also observed in adipose tissues of db/db mice. In addition, knockdown of RyR3 with small interfering RNA (siRNA) in db/db mice and high-fat diet-fed obese mice increased serum adiponectin level, improved INS sensitivity, and lowered fasting glucose levels. These effects were in parallel with decreased mitochondrial Ca(2+), increased mitochondrial mass, and reduced activating transcription factor 3 (atf3) expression. Overexpression of atf3 in 3T3-L1 preadipocytes blocked the effect of RyR3 silencing on adiponectin expression, indicating that an atf3-dependent pathway mediates the effect downstream of RyR3 silencing. Our data suggest that RyR3 may be a new therapeutic target for improving INS sensitivity and related metabolic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Huei Tsai
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, 100 Taiwan
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Jang MK, Son Y, Jung MH. ATF3 plays a role in adipocyte hypoxia-mediated mitochondria dysfunction in obesity. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2013; 431:421-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2012.12.154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2012] [Accepted: 12/29/2012] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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Park YM, Lee YH, Kim SH, Lee EY, Kim KS, Williams DR, Lee HC. Snail, a transcriptional regulator, represses adiponectin expression by directly binding to an E-box motif in the promoter. Metabolism 2012; 61:1622-32. [PMID: 22595290 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2012.04.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2011] [Revised: 03/21/2012] [Accepted: 04/13/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Adiponectin is a hormone that modulates many metabolic processes and is exclusively expressed in adipose tissue. However, complete understanding of the factors that regulate adiponectin expression is lacking. The following were investigated: (1) functional analysis of the human adiponectin promoter, (2) putative adiponectin repressor sequence activity in 3T3-L1 adipocytes using promoter mutagenesis, (3) whether Snail, an E-box binding transcription factor, binds this repressor sequence, (4) if Snail regulates adiponectin expression in 3T3-L1 pre-adipocytes. MATERIALS/METHODS To further understand how adiponectin expression is regulated, we isolated the human adiponectin promoter and analyzed its activity after serial deletions. RESULTS We found a negative cis-regulatory element located in the adiponectin proximal promoter sequence (-174 to -152 bp), which contained an E-box site (CAACTG). The DNA binding activity of this putative negative regulatory factor was found to be sequence-specific and the binding activity is decreased during adipocyte differentiation time-dependently. Affinity chromatography identified the zinc-finger transcription factor Snail (SNAI1) as the putative negative regulatory factor. Chromatin immunoprecipitation assay and electrophoretic mobility shift assay confirmed that Snail binds to this negative cis-regulatory element in pre-adipocytes, exclusively. Inhibition of Snail expression using small interfering RNA techniques increased adiponectin expression in 3T3-L1 adipocytes, while overexpression of Snail reduced adiponectin expression. Furthermore, we observed an inverse relation between the expression of Snail and the expression of CCAAT-enhancer-binding protein alpha and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma, which are transcription factors that regulate adipogenesis. CONCLUSIONS Snail is a novel regulator of adiponectin expression and probably has a role in regulating adipogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young Mi Park
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Su H, Lau WB, Ma XL. Hypoadiponectinaemia in diabetes mellitus type 2: molecular mechanisms and clinical significance. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 2012; 38:897-904. [PMID: 21916932 DOI: 10.1111/j.1440-1681.2011.05606.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
1. This review focuses on the regulatory mechanisms of adiponectin (APN) gene expression during physiologic conditions and both the clinical significance and underlying molecular mechanisms of hypoadiponectinaemia during pathologic conditions. 2. Adiponectin is a versatile cardiovascular protective factor. It plays an important role in regulating insulin sensitivity and energy homeostasis, with anti-inflammatory and anti-atherosclerotic properties. 3. Adiponectin gene expression is downregulated in both obesity and diabetes mellitus type 2. Hypoadiponectinaemia is an independent risk factor for coronary artery disease in type 2 diabetic patients. 4. Exogenous supplementation of recombinant APN attenuates insulin resistance, improving metabolic disorders. Therefore, APN-targeted pharmaceutical strategies increasing circulating APN levels may be therapeutic against type 2 diabetes. 5. There is great value in elucidating the regulatory mechanisms of APN gene expression during physiologic and pathologic conditions. APN biosynthesis regulation includes transcriptional expression and post-translational modification, oligomerization, and secretion. Under pathological conditions, including obesity and diabetes mellitus type 2, hypoxia, oxidative stress, and inflammation suppress APN mRNA levels and its secretion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Su
- Department of Geriatrics, Xijing Hospital, Xi-an, China
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Pei L, Yang J, Du J, Liu H, Ao N, Zhang Y. Downregulation of chemerin and alleviation of endoplasmic reticulum stress by metformin in adipose tissue of rats. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2012; 97:267-75. [PMID: 22445233 DOI: 10.1016/j.diabres.2012.02.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2011] [Revised: 01/16/2012] [Accepted: 02/23/2012] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To investigate whether metformin regulates chemerin expression in vivo by alleviating ER stress. METHODS Male Sprague-Dawley rats were fed a high-fat or normal diet for 10 weeks to induce insulin resistance. During the following 6 weeks, the rats were divided into four groups: normal diet without treatment (NC), normal diet with metformin treatment (NM), high-fat diet without metformin (HF), and high-fat diet with metformin (HM). Body weight, fasting glucose, basal insulin level, insulin sensitivity, chemerin expression in serum and adipose tissue, ER stress marker and its pathway were measured. RESULTS After 6 weeks treatment, metformin reduced the body weight gain and enhanced insulin sensitivity of high-fat fed rats. The basal insulin level in the HM group was lower than in the HF group. Metformin reduced chemerin expression in the HM group compared with HF. Metformin reduced the GRP78 mRNA expression in HM rats. Activation of IRE1 alpha was lower in the HM group than the HF group. CONCLUSIONS Metformin treatment decreased the chemerin expression and alleviated the ER stress in the visceral adipose tissue of high-fat diet-induced insulin-resistant rats. These data may also provide a further rationale for exploring the use of metformin in the treatment of insulin resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lina Pei
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The 1st Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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50
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Jang MK, Kim CH, Seong JK, Jung MH. ATF3 inhibits adipocyte differentiation of 3T3-L1 cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2012; 421:38-43. [PMID: 22475484 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2012.03.104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2012] [Accepted: 03/20/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
ATF3 is a stress-adaptive gene that regulates proliferation or apoptosis under stress conditions. However, the role of ATF3 is unknown in adipocyte cells. Therefore, in this study, we investigated the functional role of ATF3 in adipocytes. Both lentivirus-mediated overexpression of ATF3 and stably-overexpressed ATF3 inhibited adipocyte differentiation in 3T3-L1 cells, as revealed by decreased lipid staining with oil red staining and reduction in adipogenic genes. Thapsigargin treatment and overexpression of ATF3 decreased C/EBPα transcript and repressed the activity of the 3.6-kb mouse C/EBPα promoter, demonstrating that ATF3 downregulates C/EBPα expression. Transfection studies using mutant constructs containing 5'-deletions in the C/EBPα promoter revealed that a putative ATF/CRE element, GGATGTCA, is located between -1921 and -1914. Electrophoretic mobility shift assay and chromatin immunoprecipitation assay demonstrated that ATF3 directly binds to mouse C/EBPα promoter spanning from -1928 to -1907. Both chemical hypoxia-mimetics or physical hypoxia led to reduce the C/EBPα mRNA and repress the promoter activity of the C/EBPα gene, whereas increase ATF3 mRNA, suggesting that ATF3 may contribute to the inhibition of adipocyte differentiation in hypoxia through downregulation of C/EBPα expression. Collectively, these results demonstrate that ATF3 represses the C/EBPα gene, resulting in inhibition of adipocyte differentiation, and thus plays a role in hypoxia-mediated inhibition of adipocyte differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Kyung Jang
- School of Korean Medicine, Pusan National University, #30 Beom-eo ri, Mulguem-eup, Yangsan-si, Gyeongnam 609-735, Republic of Korea
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