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Wang X, Cao L, Liu S, Zhou Y, Zhou J, Zhao W, Gao S, Liu R, Shi Y, Shao C, Fang J. The critical roles of IGFs in immune modulation and inflammation. Cytokine 2024; 183:156750. [PMID: 39243567 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2024.156750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2024] [Revised: 07/31/2024] [Accepted: 09/03/2024] [Indexed: 09/09/2024]
Abstract
Insulin-like growth factors (IGFs) are crucial for embryonic and postnatal growth and development, influencing cell survival, metabolism, myogenesis, and cancer progression. Many studies have demonstrated that IGFs also play prominent roles in the modulation of both innate and adaptive immune systems during inflammation. Strikingly, IGFs dictate the phenotype and functional properties of macrophages and T cells. Furthermore, the interplay between IGFs and inflammatory cytokines may generate tissue-protective properties during inflammation. Herein, we review the recent advances on the dialogue between immune cells and IGFs, especially zooming in on the significance of immunomodulatory properties in inflammatory conditions, cancer and autoimmune diseases. The investigation of IGFs may have broad clinical implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Wang
- The Third/Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Institutes for Translational Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Lijuan Cao
- The Third/Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Institutes for Translational Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China; Department of Experimental Medicine and Biochemical Sciences, TOR, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy
| | - Shisong Liu
- The Third/Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Institutes for Translational Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yipeng Zhou
- The Third/Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Institutes for Translational Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Jiarui Zhou
- The Third/Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Institutes for Translational Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Wenxuan Zhao
- The Third/Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Institutes for Translational Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Shengqi Gao
- The Third/Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Institutes for Translational Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Rui Liu
- The Third/Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Institutes for Translational Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China; Department of Experimental Medicine and Biochemical Sciences, TOR, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy
| | - Yufang Shi
- The Third/Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Institutes for Translational Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China; Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Changshun Shao
- The Third/Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Institutes for Translational Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.
| | - Jiankai Fang
- The Third/Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Institutes for Translational Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.
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Majchrzak K, Hentschel E, Hönzke K, Geithe C, von Maltzahn J. We need to talk-how muscle stem cells communicate. Front Cell Dev Biol 2024; 12:1378548. [PMID: 39050890 PMCID: PMC11266305 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2024.1378548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Skeletal muscle is one of the tissues with the highest ability to regenerate, a finely controlled process which is critically depending on muscle stem cells. Muscle stem cell functionality depends on intrinsic signaling pathways and interaction with their immediate niche. Upon injury quiescent muscle stem cells get activated, proliferate and fuse to form new myofibers, a process involving the interaction of multiple cell types in regenerating skeletal muscle. Receptors in muscle stem cells receive the respective signals through direct cell-cell interaction, signaling via secreted factors or cell-matrix interactions thereby regulating responses of muscle stem cells to external stimuli. Here, we discuss how muscle stem cells interact with their immediate niche focusing on how this controls their quiescence, activation and self-renewal and how these processes are altered in age and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karolina Majchrzak
- Faculty of Health Sciences Brandenburg, Brandenburg University of Technology Cottbus–Senftenberg, Senftenberg, Germany
| | - Erik Hentschel
- Faculty of Health Sciences Brandenburg, Brandenburg University of Technology Cottbus–Senftenberg, Senftenberg, Germany
| | - Katja Hönzke
- Faculty of Health Sciences Brandenburg, Brandenburg University of Technology Cottbus–Senftenberg, Senftenberg, Germany
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Respiratory Medicine, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Christiane Geithe
- Faculty of Health Sciences Brandenburg, Brandenburg University of Technology Cottbus–Senftenberg, Senftenberg, Germany
| | - Julia von Maltzahn
- Faculty of Health Sciences Brandenburg, Brandenburg University of Technology Cottbus–Senftenberg, Senftenberg, Germany
- Leibniz Institute on Aging, Fritz Lipmann Institute, Jena, Germany
- Faculty for Environment and Natural Sciences, Brandenburg University of Technology Cottbus—Senftenberg, Senftenberg, Germany
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Dwimartutie N, Setiati S, Tamin TZ, Prijanti AR, Harahap AR, Purnamasari D, Harimurti K, Pramantara IDP, Suwarto S, Kojima T. Effect of cholecalciferol supplementation on hand grip strength, walking speed, and expression of vitamin D receptor, interleukin-6, and insulin-like growth factor-1 in monocyte in pre-frail older adults: A randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2024; 24:554-562. [PMID: 38644647 DOI: 10.1111/ggi.14881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024]
Abstract
AIM To investigate the effect of cholecalciferol supplementation on hand grip strength, walking speed, and expression of vitamin D receptor (VDR), interleukine-6 (IL-6) and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) in monocyte in pre-frail older adults. METHODS We conducted a randomized double-blinded placebo-controlled clinical trial for 12 weeks, involving 120 pre-frail older adults who were randomized to the cholecalciferol group (cholecalciferol 4000 IU/day) or the placebo group. All subjects were given calcium lactate 500 mg/day. Hand grip strength and walking speed, as primary outcomes, were analyzed using intention-to-treat analysis. The expression of VDR, IGF-1 and IL-6 in monocytes, as secondary outcomes, were analyzed using per-protocol analysis. RESULTS After a 12-week intervention, there was a significant increase in serum 25(OH)D levels in both groups, with the increase being higher in the cholecalciferol group than in the placebo group (49.05 vs. 24.01 ng/mL; P < 0.001). No statistically significant differences were observed in hand grip strength (P = 0.228) and walking speed (P = 0.734) between the groups. There were no differences in the expression of VDR (P = 0.513), IL-6 (P = 0.509), and IGF-1 (P = 0.503) monocytes between the groups. CONCLUSIONS Cholecalciferol supplementation for 12 weeks increased serum 25(OH)D levels among pre-frail older adults. However, it did not improve hand grip strength and walking speed, and nor did it change the expression of VDR, IL-6, and IGF-1 in monocytes. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2024; 24: 554-562.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noto Dwimartutie
- Division of Geriatrics, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia, Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia
- Doctoral Program in Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Siti Setiati
- Division of Geriatrics, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia, Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Tirza Z Tamin
- Division of Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation, Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia, Cipto Mangunkusumo National Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Ani Retno Prijanti
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Alida R Harahap
- Doctoral Program in Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Dyah Purnamasari
- Division of Endocrine and Metabolic, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia, Cipto Mangunkusumo National Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Kuntjoro Harimurti
- Division of Geriatrics, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia, Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - I Dewa Putu Pramantara
- Division of Geriatrics, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Sardjito Hospital, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Suhendro Suwarto
- Doctoral Program in Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
- Division of Tropical and Infectious Disease, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia, Cipto Mangunkusumo National Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Taro Kojima
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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Zeineddine Y, Friedman MA, Buettmann EG, Abraham LB, Hoppock GA, Donahue HJ. Genetic diversity modulates the physical and transcriptomic response of skeletal muscle to simulated microgravity in male mice. NPJ Microgravity 2023; 9:86. [PMID: 38040743 PMCID: PMC10692100 DOI: 10.1038/s41526-023-00334-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Developments in long-term space exploration necessitate advancements in countermeasures against microgravity-induced skeletal muscle loss. Astronaut data shows considerable variation in muscle loss in response to microgravity. Previous experiments suggest that genetic background influences the skeletal muscle response to unloading, but no in-depth analysis of genetic expression has been performed. Here, we placed eight, male, inbred founder strains of the diversity outbred mice (129S1/SvImJ, A/J, C57BL/6J, CAST/EiJ, NOD/ShiLtJ, NZO/HILtJ, PWK/PhJ, and WSB/EiJ) in simulated microgravity (SM) via hindlimb unloading for three weeks. Body weight, muscle morphology, muscle strength, protein synthesis marker expression, and RNA expression were collected. A/J and CAST/EiJ mice were most susceptible to SM-induced muscle loss, whereas NOD/ShiLtJ mice were the most protected. In response to SM, A/J and CAST/EiJ mice experienced reductions in body weight, muscle mass, muscle volume, and muscle cross-sectional area. A/J mice had the highest number of differentially expressed genes (68) and associated gene ontologies (328). Downregulation of immunological gene ontologies and genes encoding anabolic immune factors suggest that immune dysregulation contributes to the response of A/J mice to SM. Several muscle properties showed significant interactions between SM and mouse strain and a high degree of heritability. These data imply that genetic background plays a role in the degree of muscle loss in SM and that more individualized programs should be developed for astronauts to protect their skeletal muscles against microgravity on long-term missions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasmina Zeineddine
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Michael A Friedman
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Evan G Buettmann
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Lovell B Abraham
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Gabriel A Hoppock
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Henry J Donahue
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA.
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Wang X, Zhou L. The multifaceted role of macrophages in homeostatic and injured skeletal muscle. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1274816. [PMID: 37954602 PMCID: PMC10634307 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1274816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Skeletal muscle is essential for body physical activity, energy metabolism, and temperature maintenance. It has excellent capabilities to maintain homeostasis and to regenerate after injury, which indispensably relies on muscle stem cells, satellite cells (MuSCs). The quiescence, activation, and differentiation of MuSCs are tightly regulated in homeostatic and regenerating muscles. Among the important regulators are intramuscular macrophages, which are functionally heterogeneous with different subtypes present in a spatiotemporal manner to regulate the balance of different MuSC statuses. During chronic injury and aging, intramuscular macrophages often undergo aberrant activation, which in turn disrupts muscle homeostasis and regenerative repair. Growing evidence suggests that the aberrant activation is mainly triggered by altered muscle microenvironment. The trained immunity that affects myeloid progenitors during hematopoiesis may also contribute. Aged immune system may contribute, in part, to the aging-related sarcopenia and compromised skeletal muscle injury repair. As macrophages are actively involved in the progression of many muscle diseases, manipulating their functional activation has become a promising therapeutic approach, which requires comprehensive knowledge of the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying the diverse activation. To this end, we discuss here the current knowledge of multifaceted role of macrophages in skeletal muscle homeostasis, injury, and repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingyu Wang
- Department of Neurology, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, MA, United States
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Shang R, Miao J. Mechanisms and effects of metformin on skeletal muscle disorders. Front Neurol 2023; 14:1275266. [PMID: 37928155 PMCID: PMC10621799 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2023.1275266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Skeletal muscle disorders are mostly genetic and include several rare diseases. With disease progression, muscle fibrosis and adiposis occur, resulting in limited mobility. The long course of these diseases combined with limited treatment options affect patients both psychologically and economically, hence the development of novel treatments for neuromuscular diseases is crucial to obtain a better quality of life. As a widely used hypoglycemic drug in clinical practice, metformin not only has anti-inflammatory, autophagy-regulating, and mitochondrial biogenesis-regulating effects, but it has also been reported to improve the symptoms of neuromuscular diseases, delay hypokinesia, and regulate skeletal muscle mass. However, metformin's specific mechanism of action in neuromuscular diseases requires further elucidation. This review summarizes the evidence showing that metformin can regulate inflammation, autophagy, and mitochondrial biogenesis through different pathways, and further explores its mechanism of action in Duchenne muscular dystrophy, statin-associated muscle disorders, and age-related sarcopenia. This review clarifies the directions of future research on therapy for neuromuscular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jing Miao
- Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
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Yip JLK, Xavier S, Balasuriya GK, Hill-Yardin EL, Spencer SJ. Macrophage regulation of the "second brain": CD163 intestinal macrophages interact with inhibitory interneurons to regulate colonic motility - evidence from the Cx3cr1-Dtr rat model. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1269890. [PMID: 37868978 PMCID: PMC10585175 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1269890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Intestinal macrophages are well-studied for their conventional roles in the immune response against pathogens and protecting the gut from chronic inflammation. However, these macrophages may also have additional functional roles in gastrointestinal motility under typical conditions. This is likely to occur via both direct and indirect influences on gastrointestinal motility through interaction with myenteric neurons that contribute to the gut-brain axis, but this mechanism is yet to be properly characterised. The CX3CR1 chemokine receptor is expressed in the majority of intestinal macrophages, so we used a conditional knockout Cx3cr1-Dtr (diphtheria toxin receptor) rat model to transiently ablate these cells. We then utilized ex vivo video imaging to evaluate colonic motility. Our previous studies in brain suggested that Cx3cr1-expressing cells repopulate by 7 days after depletion in this model, so we performed our experiments at both the 48 hr (macrophage depletion) and 7-day (macrophage repopulation) time points. We also investigated whether inhibitory neuronal input driven by nitric oxide from the enteric nervous system is required for the regulation of colonic motility by intestinal macrophages. Our results demonstrated that CD163-positive resident intestinal macrophages are important in regulating colonic motility in the absence of this major inhibitory neuronal input. In addition, we show that intestinal macrophages are indispensable in maintaining a healthy intestinal structure. Our study provides a novel understanding of the interplay between the enteric nervous system and intestinal macrophages in colonic motility. We highlight intestinal macrophages as a potential therapeutic target for gastrointestinal motility disorders when inhibitory neuronal input is suppressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jackson L. K. Yip
- School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Bundoora, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Soniya Xavier
- School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Bundoora, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Gayathri K. Balasuriya
- School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Bundoora, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Kobe University School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Elisa L. Hill-Yardin
- School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Bundoora, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Sarah J. Spencer
- School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Bundoora, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
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Lee MK, Ryu H, Van JY, Kim MJ, Jeong HH, Jung WK, Jun JY, Lee B. The Role of Macrophage Populations in Skeletal Muscle Insulin Sensitivity: Current Understanding and Implications. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:11467. [PMID: 37511225 PMCID: PMC10380189 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241411467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Revised: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Insulin resistance is a crucial factor in the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and other metabolic disorders. Skeletal muscle, the body's largest insulin-responsive tissue, plays a significant role in the pathogenesis of T2DM due to defects in insulin signaling. Recently, there has been growing evidence that macrophages, immune cells essential for tissue homeostasis and injury response, also contribute to the development of skeletal muscle insulin resistance. This review aims to summarize the current understanding of the role of macrophages in skeletal muscle insulin resistance. Firstly, it provides an overview of the different macrophage populations present in skeletal muscle and their specific functions in the development of insulin resistance. Secondly, it examines the underlying mechanisms by which macrophages promote or alleviate insulin resistance in skeletal muscle, including inflammation, oxidative stress, and altered metabolism. Lastly, the review discusses potential therapeutic strategies targeting macrophages to improve skeletal muscle insulin sensitivity and metabolic health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min-Kyeong Lee
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea; (M.-K.L.); (H.R.)
| | - Heeyeon Ryu
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea; (M.-K.L.); (H.R.)
| | - Ji Yun Van
- Department of Smart Green Technology Engineering, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea; (J.Y.V.)
| | - Myeong-Jin Kim
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea; (M.-K.L.); (H.R.)
| | - Hyeon Hak Jeong
- Department of Smart Green Technology Engineering, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea; (J.Y.V.)
| | - Won-Kyo Jung
- Division of Biomedical Engineering and Research Center for Marine Integrated Bionics Technology, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea;
| | - Joo Yun Jun
- Neuroscience and Cognitive Science Program, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA;
| | - Bonggi Lee
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea; (M.-K.L.); (H.R.)
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Agrawal S, Chakole S, Shetty N, Prasad R, Lohakare T, Wanjari M. Exploring the Role of Oxidative Stress in Skeletal Muscle Atrophy: Mechanisms and Implications. Cureus 2023; 15:e42178. [PMID: 37602126 PMCID: PMC10439769 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.42178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Skeletal muscle atrophy is a complex physiological process characterized by progressive muscle mass and strength loss. It is associated with various health conditions, including aging, disease, and certain diseases. Emerging research has indicated that oxidative stress plays a significant role in developing and progressing skeletal muscle atrophy. This review article explores the mechanisms by which oxidative stress influences skeletal muscle atrophy and its implications for potential therapeutic interventions. The review begins by providing an overview of skeletal muscle atrophy and the current understanding of its underlying mechanisms, highlighting the intricate balance between protein degradation and synthesis pathways. Subsequently, the concept of oxidative stress is introduced, discussing its sources and the intricate redox signaling pathways present in skeletal muscle cells. This review's main focus is exploring the multifaceted role of oxidative stress in skeletal muscle atrophy. The detrimental effects of excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) production on cellular components, including proteins, lipids, and deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), are discussed. In addition, the impact of oxidative stress on key signaling pathways involved in muscle wasting, such as the ubiquitin-proteasome system and autophagy, is examined. Furthermore, the review highlights the implications of oxidative stress in modulating muscle regeneration and the importance of redox balance in maintaining muscle health. Potential therapeutic strategies targeting oxidative stress, such as antioxidant supplementation, exercise interventions, and pharmacological approaches, are also discussed. In conclusion, this review comprehensively explains the intricate relationship between oxidative stress and skeletal muscle atrophy. By elucidating the underlying mechanisms and discussing potential therapeutic interventions, this review aims to contribute to the development of novel strategies for mitigating muscle wasting and improving overall muscle health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suyash Agrawal
- Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, IND
| | - Swarupa Chakole
- Community Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, IND
| | - Nidhi Shetty
- Community Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, IND
| | - Roshan Prasad
- Internal Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, IND
| | - Tejaswee Lohakare
- Child Health Nursing, Smt. Radhikabai Meghe Memorial College of Nursing, Wardha, IND
| | - Mayur Wanjari
- Research and Development, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, IND
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Ferrara PJ, Reidy PT, Petrocelli JJ, Yee EM, Fix DK, Mahmassani ZS, Montgomery JA, McKenzie AI, de Hart NMMP, Drummond MJ. Global deletion of CCL2 has adverse impacts on recovery of skeletal muscle fiber size and function and is muscle specific. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2023; 134:923-932. [PMID: 36861669 PMCID: PMC10069960 DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00444.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Revised: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/25/2023] [Indexed: 03/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Timely and complete recovery of muscle mass and function following a bout of physical disuse are critical components of returning to normal activities of daily living and lifestyle. Proper cross talk between the muscle tissue and myeloid cells (e.g., macrophages) throughout the recovery period from disuse atrophy plays a significant role in the complete resolution of muscle size and function. Chemokine C-C motif ligand 2 (CCL2) has a critical function of recruiting macrophages during the early phase of muscle damage. However, the importance of CCL2 has not been defined in the context of disuse and recovery. Here, we utilized a mouse model of whole body CCL2 deletion (CCL2KO) and subjected them to a period of hindlimb unloading followed by reloading to investigate the importance of CCL2 on the regrowth of muscle following disuse atrophy using ex vivo muscle tests, immunohistochemistry, and fluorescence-activated cell sorting approaches. We show mice that lack CCL2 display an incomplete recovery of gastrocnemius muscle mass, myofiber cross-sectional area, and EDL muscle contractile characteristics during the recovery from disuse atrophy. The soleus and plantaris had limited impact as a result of CCL2 deficiency suggesting a muscle-specific effect. Mice that lack CCL2 have decreased skeletal muscle collagen turnover, which may be related to defects in muscle function and stiffness. In addition, we show that the recruitment of macrophages to gastrocnemius muscle was dramatically reduced in CCL2KO mice during the recovery from disuse atrophy, which likely precipitated poor recovery of muscle size and function and aberrant collagen remodeling.NEW & NOTEWORTHY We provide evidence that the whole body loss of CCL2 in mice has adverse impacts on whole body function and skeletal muscle-specific contractile characteristics and collagen content. These defects in muscle function worsened during the recovery from disuse atrophy and corresponded with decreased recovery of muscle mass. We conclude that the absence of CCL2 decreased recruitment of proinflammatory macrophages to the muscle during the regrowth phase following disuse atrophy resulting in impaired collagen remodeling events and full resolution of muscle morphology and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick J Ferrara
- Molecular Medicine Program, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States
| | - Paul T Reidy
- Department of Kinesiology, Nutrition and Health, Miami University, Oxford, Ohio, United States
| | - Jonathan J Petrocelli
- Department of Physical Therapy and Athletic Training, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States
| | - Elena M Yee
- Department of Physical Therapy and Athletic Training, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States
| | - Dennis K Fix
- Molecular Medicine Program, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States
| | - Ziad S Mahmassani
- Department of Physical Therapy and Athletic Training, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States
| | - Jessie A Montgomery
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States
| | - Alec I McKenzie
- Department of Physical Therapy and Athletic Training, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States
| | - Naomi M M P de Hart
- Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States
| | - Micah J Drummond
- Molecular Medicine Program, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States
- Department of Physical Therapy and Athletic Training, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States
- Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States
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11
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Zhang Q, Chiu Y, Chen Y, Wu Y, Dunne LW, Largo RD, Chang EI, Adelman DM, Schaverien MV, Butler CE. Harnessing the synergy of perfusable muscle flap matrix and adipose-derived stem cells for prevascularization and macrophage polarization to reconstruct volumetric muscle loss. Bioact Mater 2023; 22:588-614. [PMID: 36382023 PMCID: PMC9646752 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2022.10.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Revised: 10/09/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Muscle flaps must have a strong vascular network to support a large tissue volume and ensure successful engraftment. We developed porcine stomach musculofascial flap matrix (PDSF) comprising extracellular matrix (ECM) and intact vasculature. PDSF had a dominant vascular pedicle, microcirculatory vessels, a nerve network, well-retained 3-dimensional (3D) nanofibrous ECM structures, and no allo- or xenoantigenicity. In-depth proteomic analysis demonstrated that PDSF was composed of core matrisome proteins (e.g., collagens, glycoproteins, proteoglycans, and ECM regulators) that, as shown by Gene Ontology term enrichment analysis, are functionally related to musculofascial biological processes. Moreover, PDSF-human adipose-derived stem cell (hASC) synergy not only induced monocytes towards IL-10-producing M2 macrophage polarization through the enhancement of hASCs' paracrine effect but also promoted the proliferation and interconnection of both human skeletal muscle myoblasts (HSMMs) and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) in static triculture conditions. Furthermore, PDSF was successfully prevascularized through a dynamic perfusion coculture of hASCs and HUVECs, which integrated with PDSF and induced the maturation of vascular networks in vitro. In a xenotransplantation model, PDSF demonstrated myoconductive and immunomodulatory properties associated with the predominance of M2 macrophages and regulatory T cells. In a volumetric muscle loss (VML) model, prevascularized PDSF augmented neovascularization and constructive remodeling, which was characterized by the predominant infiltration of M2 macrophages and significant musculofascial tissue formation. These results indicate that hASCs' integration with PDSF enhances the cells' dual function in immunomodulation and angiogenesis. Owing in part to this PDSF-hASC synergy, our platform shows promise for vascularized muscle flap engineering for VML reconstruction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qixu Zhang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Yulun Chiu
- Department of Melanoma Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Youbai Chen
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Yewen Wu
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Lina W. Dunne
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Rene D. Largo
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Edward I. Chang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - David M. Adelman
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Mark V. Schaverien
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Charles E. Butler
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
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12
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Garabuczi É, Tarban N, Fige É, Patsalos A, Halász L, Szendi-Szatmári T, Sarang Z, Király R, Szondy Z. Nur77 and PPARγ regulate transcription and polarization in distinct subsets of M2-like reparative macrophages during regenerative inflammation. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1139204. [PMID: 36936920 PMCID: PMC10020500 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1139204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Macrophage polarization is a process whereby macrophages develop a specific phenotype and functional response to different pathophysiological stimuli and tissue environments. In general, two main macrophage phenotypes have been identified: inflammatory (M1) and alternatively activated (M2) macrophages characterized specifically by IL-1β and IL-10 production, respectively. In the cardiotoxin-induced skeletal muscle injury model bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs) play the central role in regulating tissue repair. Bone marrow-derived monocytes arriving at the site of injury differentiate first to M1 BMDMs that clear cell debris and trigger proliferation and differentiation of the muscle stem cells, while during the process of efferocytosis they change their phenotype to M2 to drive resolution of inflammation and tissue repair. The M2 population is formed from at least three distinct subsets: antigen presenting, resolution-related and growth factor producing macrophages, the latest ones expressing the transcription factor PPARγ. Nuclear receptor subfamily 4 group A member 1 (NR4A1; also termed Nur77) transcription factor is expressed as an early response gene, and has been shown to suppress the expression of pro-inflammatory genes during efferocytosis. Here we demonstrate that (1) Nur77 null BMDMs are characterized by elevated expression of PPARγ resulting in enhanced efferocytosis capacity; (2) Nur77 and PPARγ regulate transcription in different subsets of M2 skeletal muscle macrophages during muscle repair; (3) the loss of Nur77 prolongs M1 polarization characterized by increased and prolonged production of IL-1β by the resolution-related macrophages normally expressing Nur77; whereas, in contrast, (4) it promotes M2 polarization detected via the increased number of IL-10 producing CD206+ macrophages generated from the PPARγ-expressing subset.
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Affiliation(s)
- Éva Garabuczi
- Department of Integrative Health Sciences, Institute of Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Nastaran Tarban
- Doctoral School of Molecular Cell and Immune Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Éva Fige
- Doctoral School of Dental Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Andreas Patsalos
- Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Institute for Fundamental Biomedical Research, Johns Hopkins All Children’s Hospital, St. Petersburg, FL, United States
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Institute for Fundamental Biomedical Research, Johns Hopkins All Children’s Hospital, St. Petersburg, FL, United States
| | - László Halász
- Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Institute for Fundamental Biomedical Research, Johns Hopkins All Children’s Hospital, St. Petersburg, FL, United States
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Institute for Fundamental Biomedical Research, Johns Hopkins All Children’s Hospital, St. Petersburg, FL, United States
| | - Tímea Szendi-Szatmári
- Department of Biophysics and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Zsolt Sarang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Róbert Király
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Zsuzsa Szondy
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
- Section of Dental Biochemistry, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
- *Correspondence: Zsuzsa Szondy,
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13
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Ferrara PJ, Yee EM, Petrocelli JJ, Fix DK, Hauser CT, de Hart NMMP, Mahmassani ZS, Reidy PT, O'Connell RM, Drummond MJ. Macrophage immunomodulation accelerates skeletal muscle functional recovery in aged mice following disuse atrophy. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2022; 133:919-931. [PMID: 36049060 PMCID: PMC9550586 DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00374.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Revised: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Poor recovery of muscle size and strength with aging coincides with a dysregulated macrophage response during the early stages of regrowth. Immunomodulation in the form of ex vivo cytokine (macrophage-colony stimulating factor) or polarized macrophage delivery has been demonstrated to improve skeletal muscle regeneration. However, it is unclear if these macrophage-promoting approaches would be effective to improve skeletal muscle recovery following disuse in aged animals. Here, we isolated bone marrow-derived macrophages from donor mice of different ages under various experimental conditions and polarized them into proinflammatory macrophages. Macrophages were delivered intramuscularly into young adult or aged recipient mice during the early recovery period following a period of hindlimb unloading (HU). Delivery of proinflammatory macrophages from donor young adults or aged mice was sufficient to increase muscle function of aged mice during the recovery period. Moreover, proinflammatory macrophages derived from aged donor mice collected during recovery were similarly able to increase muscle function of aged mice following disuse. In addition to the delivery of macrophages, we showed that the intramuscular injection of the cytokine, macrophage-colony stimulating factor, to the muscle of aged mice following HU was able to increase muscle macrophage content and muscle force production during recovery. Together, these results suggest that macrophage immunomodulation approaches in the form of ex vivo proinflammatory macrophage or macrophage-colony stimulating factor delivery during the early recovery phase following disuse atrophy were sufficient to restore the loss of aged skeletal muscle function.NEW & NOTEWORTHY A single intramuscular administration of polarized macrophages into muscles of aged mice following a bout of disuse atrophy was sufficient to improve functional recover similarly to young adults after disuse atrophy regardless of the age or experimental condition of the donor mice. Additionally, intramuscular delivery of macrophage-colony stimulating factor into aged mice was similarly effective. Targeting macrophage function early during the regrowth phase may be a novel tool to bolster muscle recovery in aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick J Ferrara
- Molecular Medicine Program, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Elena M Yee
- Department of Physical Therapy and Athletic Training, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Jonathan J Petrocelli
- Department of Physical Therapy and Athletic Training, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Dennis K Fix
- Molecular Medicine Program, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Carson T Hauser
- Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Naomi M M P de Hart
- Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Ziad S Mahmassani
- Department of Physical Therapy and Athletic Training, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Paul T Reidy
- Department of Kinesiology, Miami University, Oxford, Ohio
| | - Ryan M O'Connell
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Micah J Drummond
- Molecular Medicine Program, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
- Department of Physical Therapy and Athletic Training, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
- Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
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14
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Wang Y, Welc SS, Wehling‐Henricks M, Kong Y, Thomas C, Montecino‐Rodriguez E, Dorshkind K, Tidball JG. Myeloid cell-specific mutation of Spi1 selectively reduces M2-biased macrophage numbers in skeletal muscle, reduces age-related muscle fibrosis and prevents sarcopenia. Aging Cell 2022; 21:e13690. [PMID: 36098370 PMCID: PMC9577952 DOI: 10.1111/acel.13690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Revised: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 07/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Intramuscular macrophages play key regulatory roles in determining the response of skeletal muscle to injury and disease. Recent investigations showed that the numbers and phenotype of intramuscular macrophages change during aging, suggesting that those changes could influence the aging process. We tested that hypothesis by generating a mouse model that harbors a myeloid cell-specific mutation of Spi1, which is a transcription factor that is essential for myeloid cell development. The mutation reduced the numbers of macrophages biased to the CD163+/CD206+ M2 phenotype in muscles of aging mice without affecting the numbers of CD68-expressing macrophages and reduced the expression of transcripts associated with the M2-biased phenotype. The mutation did not affect the colony-forming ability or the frequency of specific subpopulations of bone marrow hematopoietic cells and did not affect myeloid/lymphoid cell ratios in peripheral blood leukocyte populations. Cellularity of most myeloid lineage cells was not influenced by the mutation. The Spi1 mutation in bone marrow-derived macrophages in vitro also did not affect expression of transcripts that indicate the M2-biased phenotype. Thus, myeloid cell-targeted mutation of Spi1 influences macrophage phenotype in muscle but did not affect earlier stages of differentiation of cells in the macrophage lineage. The mutation reduced age-related muscle fibrosis, which is consistent with the reduction of M2-biased macrophages, and reduced expression of the pro-fibrotic enzyme arginase. Most importantly, the mutation prevented sarcopenia. Together, our observations indicate that intramuscular, M2-biased macrophages play significant roles in promoting detrimental, age-related changes in muscle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Wang
- Molecular, Cellular & Integrative Physiology ProgramUniversity of CaliforniaLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA
- CAS Key Laboratory of Quantitative Engineering Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesShenzhenChina
| | - Steven S. Welc
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology & PhysiologyIndiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisIndianaUSA
- Indiana Center for Musculoskeletal HealthIndiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisIndianaUSA
| | | | - Ying Kong
- Molecular, Cellular & Integrative Physiology ProgramUniversity of CaliforniaLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLAUniversity of CaliforniaLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA
| | - Connor Thomas
- Department of Integrative Biology and PhysiologyUniversity of CaliforniaLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA
| | - Enca Montecino‐Rodriguez
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLAUniversity of CaliforniaLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA
| | - Kenneth Dorshkind
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLAUniversity of CaliforniaLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA
| | - James G. Tidball
- Molecular, Cellular & Integrative Physiology ProgramUniversity of CaliforniaLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA
- Department of Integrative Biology and PhysiologyUniversity of CaliforniaLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLAUniversity of CaliforniaLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA
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15
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Wang X, Zhou L. The Many Roles of Macrophages in Skeletal Muscle Injury and Repair. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:952249. [PMID: 35898401 PMCID: PMC9309511 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.952249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Skeletal muscle is essential to physical activity and energy metabolism. Maintaining intact functions of skeletal muscle is crucial to health and wellbeing. Evolutionarily, skeletal muscle has developed a remarkable capacity to maintain homeostasis and to regenerate after injury, which indispensably relies on the resident muscle stem cells, satellite cells. Satellite cells are largely quiescent in the homeostatic steady state. They are activated in response to muscle injury. Activated satellite cells proliferate and differentiate into myoblasts. Myoblasts fuse to form myotubes which further grow and differentiate into mature myofibers. This process is tightly regulated by muscle microenvironment that consists of multiple cellular and molecular components, including macrophages. Present in both homeostatic and injured muscles, macrophages contain heterogeneous functional subtypes that play diverse roles in maintaining homeostasis and promoting injury repair. The spatial-temporal presence of different functional subtypes of macrophages and their interactions with myogenic cells are vital to the proper regeneration of skeletal muscle after injury. However, this well-coordinated process is often disrupted in a chronic muscle disease, such as muscular dystrophy, leading to asynchronous activation and differentiation of satellite cells and aberrant muscle regeneration. Understanding the precise cellular and molecular processes regulating interactions between macrophages and myogenic cells is critical to the development of therapeutic manipulation of macrophages to promote injury repair. Here, we review the current knowledge of the many roles played by macrophages in the regulation of myogenic cells in homeostatic, regenerating, and dystrophic skeletal muscles.
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16
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Das P, Jana S, Kumar Nandi S. Biomaterial-Based Therapeutic Approaches to Osteoarthritis and Cartilage Repair Through Macrophage Polarization. CHEM REC 2022; 22:e202200077. [PMID: 35792527 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.202200077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2022] [Revised: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
There is an ever-increasing clinical and socioeconomic burden associated with cartilage lesions & osteoarthritis (OA). Its progression, chondrocyte death & hypertrophy are all facilitated by inflamed synovium & joint environment. Due to their capacity to switch between pro- & anti-inflammatory phenotypes, macrophages are increasingly being recognized as a key player in the healing process, which has been largely overlooked in the past. A biomaterial's inertness has traditionally been a goal while developing them in order to reduce the likelihood of adverse reactions from the host organism. A better knowledge of how macrophages respond to implanted materials has made it feasible to determine the biomaterial architectural parameters that control the host response & aid in effective tissue integration. Thus, this review summarizes novel therapeutic techniques for avoiding OA or increasing cartilage repair & regeneration that might be developed using new technologies tuning macrophages into desirable functional phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piyali Das
- Department of Microbiology, School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Adamas University, Kolkata, 700126, India
| | - Sonali Jana
- Department of Veterinary Physiology, West Bengal University of Animal and Fishery Sciences, 700037, Kolkata, India
| | - Samit Kumar Nandi
- Department of Veterinary Surgery and Radiology, West Bengal University of Animal and Fishery Sciences, 700037, Kolkata, India
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17
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Snarski P, Sukhanov S, Yoshida T, Higashi Y, Danchuk S, Chandrasekar B, Tian D, Rivera-Lopez V, Delafontaine P. Macrophage-Specific IGF-1 Overexpression Reduces CXCL12 Chemokine Levels and Suppresses Atherosclerotic Burden in Apoe-Deficient Mice. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2022; 42:113-126. [PMID: 34852642 PMCID: PMC8792341 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.121.316090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE IGF-1 (insulin-like growth factor 1) exerts pleiotropic effects including promotion of cellular growth, differentiation, survival, and anabolism. We have shown that systemic IGF-1 administration reduced atherosclerosis in Apoe-/- (apolipoprotein E deficient) mice, and this effect was associated with a reduction in lesional macrophages and a decreased number of foam cells in the plaque. Almost all cell types secrete IGF-1, but the effect of macrophage-derived IGF-1 on the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis is poorly understood. We hypothesized that macrophage-derived IGF-1 will reduce atherosclerosis. Approach and Results: We created macrophage-specific IGF-1 overexpressing mice on an Apoe-/- background. Macrophage-specific IGF-1 overexpression reduced plaque macrophages, foam cells, and atherosclerotic burden and promoted features of stable atherosclerotic plaque. Macrophage-specific IGF1 mice had a reduction in monocyte infiltration into plaque, decreased expression of CXCL12 (CXC chemokine ligand 12), and upregulation of ABCA1 (ATP-binding cassette transporter 1), a cholesterol efflux regulator, in atherosclerotic plaque and in peritoneal macrophages. IGF-1 prevented oxidized lipid-induced CXCL12 upregulation and foam cell formation in cultured THP-1 macrophages and increased lipid efflux. We also found an increase in cholesterol efflux in macrophage-specific IGF1-derived peritoneal macrophages. CONCLUSIONS Macrophage IGF-1 overexpression reduced atherosclerotic burden and increased features of plaque stability, likely via a reduction in CXCL12-mediated monocyte recruitment and an increase in ABCA1-dependent macrophage lipid efflux.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Snarski
- Section of Cardiology, John W. Deming Department of Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA,Department of Physiology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA
| | - Sergiy Sukhanov
- Section of Cardiology, John W. Deming Department of Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA,Department of Physiology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA
| | - Tadashi Yoshida
- Section of Cardiology, John W. Deming Department of Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA,Department of Physiology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA
| | - Yusuke Higashi
- Section of Cardiology, John W. Deming Department of Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA,Department of Physiology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA
| | - Svitlana Danchuk
- Section of Cardiology, John W. Deming Department of Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA,Department of Physiology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA
| | - Bysani Chandrasekar
- Harry S. Truman Memorial Veterans’ Hospital, Columbia, MO,Department of Medical Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO
| | - Di Tian
- Department of Pathology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA
| | | | - Patrick Delafontaine
- Section of Cardiology, John W. Deming Department of Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA,Department of Physiology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA,Department of Pharmacology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA
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18
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Podgórski R, Cieśla M, Podgórska D, Bajorek W, Płonka A, Czarny W, Trybulski R, Król P. Plasma microRNA-320a as a Potential Biomarker of Physiological Changes during Training in Professional Volleyball Players. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11010263. [PMID: 35012004 PMCID: PMC8746094 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11010263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2021] [Revised: 12/27/2021] [Accepted: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
A deeper insight into the mechanisms responsible for athlete performance that may serve as specific and detailed training indicators is still desired, because conventionally used biomarkers provide limited information about the adaptive processes that occur during exercise. The objective of our study was to assess insulin-like growth factor 1 receptors (IGF1R) gene expression and evaluate plasma concentration of selected microRNAs (miRNAs) during a 10-week training period (sampling times: week 1, 4, 7, and 10) in a group of 12 professional female volleyball players. Circulating miRNAs (miR-223, miR-320a, and miR-486) with established concentration in plasma and documented association with the IGF1 signaling pathway, which is involved in muscle development and recovery, were tested. The levels of analyzed miRNAs, tested by one-way ANOVA, were significantly different between four training periods during a 10-week training cycle (miR-223 p < 0.0001, miR-320a p = 0.00021, miR-486 p = 0.0037, respectively). The levels of IGF1R also appeared to be different (p = 0.00092), and their expression showed a trend to increase between the first and third periods. In the fourth period, the expression decreased, although it was higher compared with the baseline. Correlations between concentration levels of miR-223 and miR-320a (rs = 0.54, p < 0.001), as well as between miR-320a and miR-486 (rs = 0.73, p < 0.001) were also found. In the fourth period, a negative correlation between miR-223 plasma level and leucocyte IGF1R expression was found (rs = -0.63, p = 0.028). Multiple linear regression analysis showed that miR-320a (p = 0.024) and creatine kinase (p = 0.028) had the greatest impact on the expression levels of the IGF1R gene. Future studies are required to define whether these miRNAs, especially miR-320a, as well as IGF1R expression could be useful biomarkers of physiological changes during exercise and to discover their detailed biological roles in mode-specific exercise training adaptations of professional athletes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafał Podgórski
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Medical Sciences, Medical College of Rzeszow University, 35-959 Rzeszow, Poland
- Centre for Innovative Research in Medical and Natural Sciences, Medical College of Rzeszow University, 35-310 Rzeszow, Poland
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-17851-68-55
| | - Marek Cieśla
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Institute of Medical Sciences, Medical College of Rzeszow University, 35-959 Rzeszow, Poland;
| | - Dominika Podgórska
- Department of Internal Diseases, Institute of Medical Sciences, Medical College of Rzeszow University, 35-959 Rzeszow, Poland;
| | - Wojciech Bajorek
- Institute of Physical Culture Studies, Medical College of Rzeszow University, 35-959 Rzeszow, Poland; (W.B.); (A.P.); (W.C.); (P.K.)
| | - Artur Płonka
- Institute of Physical Culture Studies, Medical College of Rzeszow University, 35-959 Rzeszow, Poland; (W.B.); (A.P.); (W.C.); (P.K.)
| | - Wojciech Czarny
- Institute of Physical Culture Studies, Medical College of Rzeszow University, 35-959 Rzeszow, Poland; (W.B.); (A.P.); (W.C.); (P.K.)
| | - Robert Trybulski
- Department of Medical Sciences, The Wojciech Korfanty School of Economics, 40-659 Katowice, Poland;
- Provita Zory Medical Center, 44-240 Zory, Poland
| | - Paweł Król
- Institute of Physical Culture Studies, Medical College of Rzeszow University, 35-959 Rzeszow, Poland; (W.B.); (A.P.); (W.C.); (P.K.)
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19
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Contingent intramuscular boosting of P2XR7 axis improves motor function in transgenic ALS mice. Cell Mol Life Sci 2021; 79:7. [PMID: 34936028 PMCID: PMC8695421 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-021-04070-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2021] [Revised: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis is a fatal neurodegenerative disorder that leads to progressive degeneration of motor neurons and severe muscle atrophy without effective treatment. Most research on the disease has been focused on studying motor neurons and supporting cells of the central nervous system. Strikingly, the recent observations have suggested that morpho-functional alterations in skeletal muscle precede motor neuron degeneration, bolstering the interest in studying muscle tissue as a potential target for the delivery of therapies. We previously showed that the systemic administration of the P2XR7 agonist, 2′(3′)-O‐(4-benzoylbenzoyl) adenosine 5-triphosphate (BzATP), enhanced the metabolism and promoted the myogenesis of new fibres in the skeletal muscles of SOD1G93A mice. Here we further corroborated this evidence showing that intramuscular administration of BzATP improved the motor performance of ALS mice by enhancing satellite cells and the muscle pro-regenerative activity of infiltrating macrophages. The preservation of the skeletal muscle retrogradely propagated along with the motor unit, suggesting that backward signalling from the muscle could impinge on motor neuron death. In addition to providing the basis for a suitable adjunct multisystem therapeutic approach in ALS, these data point out that the muscle should be at the centre of ALS research as a target tissue to address novel therapies in combination with those oriented to the CNS.
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20
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Sikorska M, Dutkiewicz M, Zegrocka-Stendel O, Kowalewska M, Grabowska I, Koziak K. Beneficial effects of β-escin on muscle regeneration in rat model of skeletal muscle injury. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 93:153791. [PMID: 34666284 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2021.153791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Revised: 09/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/02/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent advancements in understanding β-escin action provide basis for new therapeutic claims for the drug. β-escin-evoked attenuation of NF-κB-dependent signaling, increase in MMP-14 and decrease in COUP-TFII content and a rise in cholesterol biosynthesis could be beneficial in alleviating muscle-damaging processes. PURPOSE The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of β-escin on skeletal muscle regeneration. METHODS Rat model of cardiotoxin-induced injury of fast-twich extensor digitorum longus (EDL) and slow-twich soleus (SOL) muscles and C2C12 myoblast cells were used in the study. We evaluated muscles obtained on day 3 and 14 post-injury by histological analyses of muscle fibers, connective tissue, and mononuclear infiltrate, by immunolocalization of macrophages and by qPCR to quantify the expression of muscle regeneration-related genes. Mechanism of drug action was investigated in vitro by assessing cell viability, NF-κB activation, MMP-2 and MMP-9 secretion, and ALDH activity. RESULTS In rat model, β-escin rescues regenerating muscles from atrophy. The drug reduces inflammatory infiltration, increases the number of muscle fibers and decreases fibrosis. β-escin reduces macrophage infiltration into injured muscles and promotes their M2 polarization. It also alters transcription of muscle regeneration-related genes: Myf5, Myh2, Myh3, Myh8, Myod1, Pax3 and Pax7, and Pcna. In C2C12 myoblasts in vitro, β-escin inhibits TNF-α-induced activation of NF-κB, reduces secretion of MMP-9 and increases ALDH activity. CONCLUSIONS The data reveal beneficial role of β-escin in muscle regeneration, particularly in poorly regenerating slow-twitch muscles. The findings provide rationale for further studies on β-escin repositioning into conditions associated with muscle damage such as strenuous exercise, drug-induced myotoxicity or age-related disuse atrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Sikorska
- Department of Biochemistry and Nutrition, Centre for Preclinical Research and Technology, Medical University of Warsaw, ul. Banacha 1b, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Dutkiewicz
- Department of Biochemistry and Nutrition, Centre for Preclinical Research and Technology, Medical University of Warsaw, ul. Banacha 1b, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Oliwia Zegrocka-Stendel
- Department of Biochemistry and Nutrition, Centre for Preclinical Research and Technology, Medical University of Warsaw, ul. Banacha 1b, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Magdalena Kowalewska
- Department of Biochemistry and Nutrition, Centre for Preclinical Research and Technology, Medical University of Warsaw, ul. Banacha 1b, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland; Department of Molecular and Translational Oncology, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, ul. Roentgena 5, 02-781 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Iwona Grabowska
- Department of Cytology, Institute of Developmental Biology and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, ul. Miecznikowa 1, 02-096 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Koziak
- Department of Biochemistry and Nutrition, Centre for Preclinical Research and Technology, Medical University of Warsaw, ul. Banacha 1b, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland.
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21
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Singh P, Chazaud B. Benefits and pathologies associated with the inflammatory response. Exp Cell Res 2021; 409:112905. [PMID: 34736921 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2021.112905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2021] [Revised: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Adult skeletal muscle regenerates completely after a damage, thanks to the satellite cells, or muscle stem cells (MuSCs), that implement the adult myogenic program. This program is sustained by both robust intrinsic mechanisms and extrinsic cues coming from the close neighborhood of MuSCs during muscle regeneration. Among the various cell types present in the regenerating muscle, immune cells, and particularly macrophages, exert numerous functions and provide sequential transient niches to support the myogenic program. The adequate orchestration of the delivery of these cues ensures efficient muscle regeneration and full functional recovery. The situation is very different in muscular dystrophies where asynchronous and permanent microinjuries occur, triggering contradictory regenerating cues at the same time in a specific area, that lead to chronic inflammation and fibrogenesis. Here we review the beneficial effects that leukocytes, and particularly macrophages, exert on their neighboring cells during skeletal muscle regeneration after an acute injury. Then, the more complicated (and less beneficial) roles of leukocytes during muscular dystrophies are presented. Finally, we discuss how the inflammatory compartment may be a target to improve muscle regeneration in both acute muscle injury and muscle diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pawandeep Singh
- Institut NeuroMyoGene, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS UMR 5310, INSERM U1217, Université Lyon, Faculté de Médecine, 8 Avenue Rockefeller, 69008, Lyon, France
| | - Bénédicte Chazaud
- Institut NeuroMyoGene, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS UMR 5310, INSERM U1217, Université Lyon, Faculté de Médecine, 8 Avenue Rockefeller, 69008, Lyon, France.
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22
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Panci G, Chazaud B. Inflammation during post-injury skeletal muscle regeneration. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2021; 119:32-38. [PMID: 34140216 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2021.05.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Revised: 05/02/2021] [Accepted: 05/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The adult skeletal muscle fully regenerates after injury thanks to the properties of muscle stem cells that follow the adult myogenic program to replace damaged myofibers. Muscle regeneration also relies upon the coordinated actions of several other cell types, among which immune cells. Leukocytes infiltrate the damaged muscle soon after injury and support the regeneration process in a variety of ways, from the activation of muscle stem cells to the maturation of newly formed myofibers. Leukocytes also interact with other cell types such as fibroadipogenic precursors and endothelial cells. This review presents the interactions that leukocytes develop with the cells present in their vicinity and the impact they have on skeletal muscle regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgiana Panci
- Institut NeuroMyoGène, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS UMR 5310, INSERM U1217, Université Lyon, Faculté de Médecine, 8 Avenue Rockefeller, F-69008 Lyon, France.
| | - Bénédicte Chazaud
- Institut NeuroMyoGène, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS UMR 5310, INSERM U1217, Université Lyon, Faculté de Médecine, 8 Avenue Rockefeller, F-69008 Lyon, France.
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23
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Carleton MM, Sefton MV. Promoting endogenous repair of skeletal muscle using regenerative biomaterials. J Biomed Mater Res A 2021; 109:2720-2739. [PMID: 34041836 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.37239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2021] [Revised: 05/14/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Skeletal muscles normally have a remarkable ability to repair themselves; however, large muscle injuries and several myopathies diminish this ability leading to permanent loss of function. No clinical therapy yet exists that reliably restores muscle integrity and function following severe injury. Consequently, numerous tissue engineering techniques, both acellular and with cells, are being investigated to enhance muscle regeneration. Biomaterials are an essential part of these techniques as they can present physical and biochemical signals that augment the repair process. Successful tissue engineering strategies require regenerative biomaterials that either actively promote endogenous muscle repair or create an environment supportive of regeneration. This review will discuss several acellular biomaterial strategies for skeletal muscle regeneration with a focus on those under investigation in vivo. This includes materials that release bioactive molecules, biomimetic materials and immunomodulatory materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miranda M Carleton
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Michael V Sefton
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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24
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Markov SD, Gonzalez D, Mehla K. Preclinical Models for Studying the Impact of Macrophages on Cancer Cachexia. CURRENT PROTOCOLS IN PHARMACOLOGY 2020; 91:e80. [PMID: 33264501 PMCID: PMC8099022 DOI: 10.1002/cpph.80] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Cancer-associated cachexia is defined by loss of weight and muscle mass, and by the potential loss of adipose tissue accompanied by insulin resistance and increased resting energy expenditure. Cachexia is most prevalent in pancreatic cancer, the third leading cause of cancer-related deaths. While various factors interact to induce cachexia, the precise mechanisms underlying this clinical condition are not fully understood. Clinically relevant animal models of cachexia are needed given the lack of standard diagnostic methods or treatments for this condition. Described in this article are in vitro and in vivo models used to study the role of macrophages in the induction of cachexia in pancreatic cancer. Included are procedures for isolating and culturing bone marrow-derived macrophages, harvesting tumor- and macrophage-derived conditioned medium, and studying the effect of conditioned medium on C2C12 myotubes. Also described are procedures involving the use of an orthotopic model of pancreatic cancer, including a method for examining skeletal muscle atrophy in this model. © 2020 Wiley Periodicals LLC. Basic Protocol 1: In vitro model of pancreatic tumor-induced cachexia using C2C12 cell lines (myotube model) Support Protocol 1: Molecular evaluation of cachectic markers in C2C12 myotubes using real-time PCR and immunoblotting Basic Protocol 2: In vivo model to study cachectic phenotype in pancreatic tumor-bearing mice Support Protocol 2: Evaluation of cachectic markers in the skeletal muscle of tumor-bearing mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Spas Dimitrov Markov
- The Eppley Institute for Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, USA
| | - Daisy Gonzalez
- The Eppley Institute for Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, USA
| | - Kamiya Mehla
- The Eppley Institute for Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, USA
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25
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Chen Y, Liu W, Ma J, Wang Y, Huang H. Comprehensive physiological and transcriptomic analysis revealing the responses of hybrid grouper (Epinephelus fuscoguttatus♀ × E. lanceolatus♂) to the replacement of fish meal with soy protein concentrate. FISH PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY 2020; 46:2037-2053. [PMID: 32767005 DOI: 10.1007/s10695-020-00851-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2019] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Plant proteins are suitable and alternative to fish meals (FMs), with less cost compared with that of all other types of fish feeds. In recent years, soy protein concentrate (SPC) has emerged as a cost-effective alternative to FM; however, little is known regarding the effects of dietary SPC on general fish physiology and well-being. This study aimed to perform comprehensive physiological and transcriptomic analysis for testing the applicability of SPC as fish feeds in hybrid grouper (Epinephelus fuscoguttatus♀ × E. lanceolatus♂) [SPC replaced 0% (CK), 30% (SPC30), and 75% (SPC75) of FM protein]. Generally, SPC30 promoted fish survival and had less effects on the phenotype, while SPC75 reduced fish survival, promoted inflammation, and regulated multiple physiological responses. Thousands of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) by SPC were identified in the intestine, liver, and muscle, which were enriched in biological regulation, cellular process, metabolic process, single-organism process, cell, cell part, membrane, binding, and catalytic activity based on RNA-seq. Notably, some DEGs involved in amino acid and lipid metabolism in the digestive system highlighted the modulatory effect of SPC on these metabolic processes, consistent with the physiological responses including enzyme activities. The enriched aspects of these predominant DEGs might be directly related to the different effects of SPC30 and SPC75 on fish growth, digestibility, and underlying enzyme activities and histology. In conclusion, the comprehensive physiological and transcriptomic comparative analysis of CK, SPC30, and SPC75 was also effective in testing the applicability of SPC as fish feeds and in designing a proper diet with the best impact on the growth performance and health of fish in hybrid grouper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Chen
- Hainan Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Tropical Marine Fishery Resources, Sanya, 572022, Hainan province, People's Republic of China
- College of Fisheries and Life Science, Hainan Tropical Ocean University, Sanya, 572022, Hainan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenkan Liu
- Hainan Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Tropical Marine Fishery Resources, Sanya, 572022, Hainan province, People's Republic of China
- College of Fisheries and Life Science, Hainan Tropical Ocean University, Sanya, 572022, Hainan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Ma
- Hainan Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Tropical Marine Fishery Resources, Sanya, 572022, Hainan province, People's Republic of China.
- College of Fisheries and Life Science, Hainan Tropical Ocean University, Sanya, 572022, Hainan Province, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yaorong Wang
- Fisheries College, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524088, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Hai Huang
- Hainan Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Tropical Marine Fishery Resources, Sanya, 572022, Hainan province, People's Republic of China
- College of Fisheries and Life Science, Hainan Tropical Ocean University, Sanya, 572022, Hainan Province, People's Republic of China
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26
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Mirzoev TM. Skeletal Muscle Recovery from Disuse Atrophy: Protein Turnover Signaling and Strategies for Accelerating Muscle Regrowth. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21217940. [PMID: 33114683 PMCID: PMC7663166 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21217940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2020] [Revised: 10/08/2020] [Accepted: 10/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Skeletal muscle fibers have a unique capacity to adjust their metabolism and phenotype in response to alternations in mechanical loading. Indeed, chronic mechanical loading leads to an increase in skeletal muscle mass, while prolonged mechanical unloading results in a significant decrease in muscle mass (muscle atrophy). The maintenance of skeletal muscle mass is dependent on the balance between rates of muscle protein synthesis and breakdown. While molecular mechanisms regulating protein synthesis during mechanical unloading have been relatively well studied, signaling events implicated in protein turnover during skeletal muscle recovery from unloading are poorly defined. A better understanding of the molecular events that underpin muscle mass recovery following disuse-induced atrophy is of significant importance for both clinical and space medicine. This review focuses on the molecular mechanisms that may be involved in the activation of protein synthesis and subsequent restoration of muscle mass after a period of mechanical unloading. In addition, the efficiency of strategies proposed to improve muscle protein gain during recovery is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timur M Mirzoev
- Myology Laboratory, Institute of Biomedical Problems RAS, Moscow 123007, Russia
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27
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Cho DS, Schmitt RE, Dasgupta A, Ducharme AM, Doles JD. Single-cell deconstruction of post-sepsis skeletal muscle and adipose tissue microenvironments. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle 2020; 11:1351-1363. [PMID: 32643301 PMCID: PMC7567136 DOI: 10.1002/jcsm.12596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2019] [Revised: 04/22/2020] [Accepted: 05/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Persistent loss of skeletal muscle mass and function as well as altered fat metabolism are frequently observed in severe sepsis survivors. Studies examining sepsis-associated tissue dysfunction from the perspective of the tissue microenvironment are scarce. In this study, we comprehensively assessed transcriptional changes in muscle and fat at single-cell resolution following experimental sepsis induction. METHODS Skeletal muscle and visceral white adipose tissue from control mice or mice 1 day or 1 month following faecal slurry-induced sepsis were used. Single cells were mechanically and enzymatically prepared from whole tissue, and viable cells were further isolated by fluorescence activated cell sorting. Droplet-based single-cell RNA-sequencing (scRNA-seq; 10× Genomics) was used to generate single-cell gene expression profiles of thousands of muscle and fat-resident cells. Bioinformatics analyses were performed to identify and compare individual cell populations in both tissues. RESULTS In skeletal muscle, scRNA-seq analysis classified 1438 single cells into myocytes, endothelial cells, fibroblasts, mesenchymal stem cells, macrophages, neutrophils, T-cells, B-cells, and dendritic cells. In adipose tissue, scRNA-seq analysis classified 2281 single cells into adipose stem cells, preadipocytes, endothelial cells, fibroblasts, macrophages, dendritic cells, B-cells, T-cells, NK cells, and gamma delta T-cells. One day post-sepsis, the proportion of most non-immune cell populations was decreased, while immune cell populations, particularly neutrophils and macrophages, were highly enriched. Proportional changes of endothelial cells, neutrophils, and macrophages were validated using faecal slurry and cecal ligation and puncture models. At 1 month post-sepsis, we observed persistent enrichment/depletion of cell populations and further uncovered a cell-type and tissue-specific ability to return to a baseline transcriptomic state. Differential gene expression analyses revealed key genes and pathways altered in post-sepsis muscle and fat and highlighted the engagement of infection/inflammation and tissue damage signalling. Finally, regulator analysis identified gonadotropin-releasing hormone and Bay 11-7082 as targets/compounds that we show can reduce sepsis-associated loss of lean or fat mass. CONCLUSIONS These data demonstrate persistent post-sepsis muscle and adipose tissue disruption at the single-cell level and highlight opportunities to combat long-term post-sepsis tissue wasting using bioinformatics-guided therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Seong Cho
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyMayo ClinicRochesterMNUSA
| | - Rebecca E. Schmitt
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyMayo ClinicRochesterMNUSA
| | - Aneesha Dasgupta
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyMayo ClinicRochesterMNUSA
| | | | - Jason D. Doles
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyMayo ClinicRochesterMNUSA
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28
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Markworth JF, Brown LA, Lim E, Floyd C, Larouche J, Castor-Macias JA, Sugg KB, Sarver DC, Macpherson PC, Davis C, Aguilar CA, Maddipati KR, Brooks SV. Resolvin D1 supports skeletal myofiber regeneration via actions on myeloid and muscle stem cells. JCI Insight 2020; 5:137713. [PMID: 32750044 PMCID: PMC7526543 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.137713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2020] [Accepted: 07/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Specialized proresolving mediators (SPMs) actively limit inflammation and expedite its resolution by modulating leukocyte recruitment and function. Here we profiled intramuscular lipid mediators via liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry–based metabolipidomics following myofiber injury and investigated the potential role of SPMs in skeletal muscle inflammation and repair. Both proinflammatory eicosanoids and SPMs increased following myofiber damage induced by either intramuscular injection of barium chloride or synergist ablation–induced functional muscle overload. Daily systemic administration of the SPM resolvin D1 (RvD1) as an immunoresolvent limited the degree and duration of inflammation, enhanced regenerating myofiber growth, and improved recovery of muscle strength. RvD1 suppressed inflammatory cytokine expression, enhanced polymorphonuclear cell clearance, modulated the local muscle stem cell response, and polarized intramuscular macrophages to a more proregenerative subset. RvD1 had minimal direct impact on in vitro myogenesis but directly suppressed myokine production and stimulated macrophage phagocytosis, showing that SPMs can modulate both infiltrating myeloid and resident muscle cell populations. These data reveal the efficacy of immunoresolvents as a novel alternative to classical antiinflammatory interventions in the management of muscle injuries to modulate inflammation while stimulating tissue repair. Systemic administration of the immunoresolvent resolvin D1 enhances skeletal muscle repair via modulatory effects on both resident muscle stem cells and intramuscular macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- James F Markworth
- Department of Molecular & Integrative Physiology.,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery
| | | | - Eunice Lim
- Department of Molecular & Integrative Physiology
| | | | | | | | - Kristoffer B Sugg
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery.,Department of Surgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Dylan C Sarver
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery.,Department of Cellular & Molecular Physiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | | | - Carol Davis
- Department of Molecular & Integrative Physiology
| | | | - Krishna Rao Maddipati
- Department of Pathology, Lipidomics Core Facility, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Susan V Brooks
- Department of Molecular & Integrative Physiology.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, and
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29
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High-Dimensional Single-Cell Quantitative Profiling of Skeletal Muscle Cell Population Dynamics during Regeneration. Cells 2020; 9:cells9071723. [PMID: 32708412 PMCID: PMC7407527 DOI: 10.3390/cells9071723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Revised: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The interstitial space surrounding the skeletal muscle fibers is populated by a variety of mononuclear cell types. Upon acute or chronic insult, these cell populations become activated and initiate finely-orchestrated crosstalk that promotes myofiber repair and regeneration. Mass cytometry is a powerful and highly multiplexed technique for profiling single-cells. Herein, it was used to dissect the dynamics of cell populations in the skeletal muscle in physiological and pathological conditions. Here, we characterized an antibody panel that could be used to identify most of the cell populations in the muscle interstitial space. By exploiting the mass cytometry resolution, we provided a comprehensive picture of the dynamics of the major cell populations that sensed and responded to acute damage in wild type mice and in a mouse model of Duchenne muscular dystrophy. In addition, we revealed the intrinsic heterogeneity of many of these cell populations.
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30
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Kosmac K, Gonzalez‐Freire M, McDermott MM, White SH, Walton RG, Sufit RL, Tian L, Li L, Kibbe MR, Criqui MH, Guralnik JM, S. Polonsky T, Leeuwenburgh C, Ferrucci L, Peterson CA. Correlations of Calf Muscle Macrophage Content With Muscle Properties and Walking Performance in Peripheral Artery Disease. J Am Heart Assoc 2020; 9:e015929. [PMID: 32390569 PMCID: PMC7660852 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.118.015929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2020] [Accepted: 04/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Background Peripheral artery disease (PAD) is a manifestation of atherosclerosis characterized by reduced blood flow to the lower extremities and mobility loss. Preliminary evidence suggests PAD damages skeletal muscle, resulting in muscle impairments that contribute to functional decline. We sought to determine whether PAD is associated with an altered macrophage profile in gastrocnemius muscles and whether muscle macrophage populations are associated with impaired muscle phenotype and walking performance in patients with PAD. Methods and Results Macrophages, satellite cells, and extracellular matrix in gastrocnemius muscles from 25 patients with PAD and 7 patients without PAD were quantified using immunohistochemistry. Among patients with PAD, both the absolute number and percentage of cluster of differentiation (CD) 11b+CD206+ M2-like macrophages positively correlated to satellite cell number (r=0.461 [P=0.023] and r=0.416 [P=0.042], respectively) but not capillary density or extracellular matrix. The number of CD11b+CD206- macrophages negatively correlated to 4-meter walk tests at normal (r=-0.447, P=0.036) and fast pace (r=-0.510, P=0.014). Extracellular matrix occupied more muscle area in PAD compared with non-PAD (8.72±2.19% versus 5.30±1.03%, P<0.001) and positively correlated with capillary density (r=0.656, P<0.001). Conclusions Among people with PAD, higher CD206+ M2-like macrophage abundance was associated with greater satellite cell numbers and muscle fiber size. Lower CD206- macrophage abundance was associated with better walking performance. Further study is needed to determine whether CD206+ macrophages are associated with ongoing reparative processes enabling skeletal muscle adaptation to damage with PAD. Registration URL: https://www.clinicaltrials.gov; Unique identifiers: NCT00693940, NCT01408901, NCT0224660.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kate Kosmac
- College of Health Sciences and Center for Muscle BiologyUniversity of KentuckyLexingtonKY
| | | | - Mary M. McDermott
- Department of MedicineNorthwestern University Feinberg School of MedicineChicagoIL
- Department of Preventive MedicineNorthwestern University Feinberg School of MedicineChicagoIL
| | - Sarah H. White
- College of Health Sciences and Center for Muscle BiologyUniversity of KentuckyLexingtonKY
| | - R. Grace Walton
- College of Health Sciences and Center for Muscle BiologyUniversity of KentuckyLexingtonKY
| | - Robert L. Sufit
- Department of NeurologyNorthwestern University Feinberg School of MedicineChicagoIL
| | - Lu Tian
- Department of Health Research & PolicyStanford UniversityStanfordCA
| | - Lingyu Li
- Department of Preventive MedicineNorthwestern University Feinberg School of MedicineChicagoIL
| | - Melina R. Kibbe
- Department of SurgeryUniversity of North Carolina School of MedicineChapel HillNC
| | - Michael H. Criqui
- Department of Family Medicine and Public HealthUniversity of California at San DiegoLa JollaCA
| | | | | | - Christiaan Leeuwenburgh
- Department of Aging and Geriatric ResearchUniversity of Florida Institute on AgingGainesvilleFL
| | | | - Charlotte A. Peterson
- College of Health Sciences and Center for Muscle BiologyUniversity of KentuckyLexingtonKY
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31
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Fukada SI, Akimoto T, Sotiropoulos A. Role of damage and management in muscle hypertrophy: Different behaviors of muscle stem cells in regeneration and hypertrophy. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2020; 1867:118742. [PMID: 32417255 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2020.118742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Revised: 05/07/2020] [Accepted: 05/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Skeletal muscle is a dynamic tissue with two unique abilities; one is its excellent regenerative ability, due to the activity of skeletal muscle-resident stem cells named muscle satellite cells (MuSCs); and the other is the adaptation of myofiber size in response to external stimulation, intrinsic factors, or physical activity, which is known as plasticity. Low physical activity and some disease conditions lead to the reduction of myofiber size, called atrophy, whereas hypertrophy refers to the increase in myofiber size induced by high physical activity or anabolic hormones/drugs. MuSCs are essential for generating new myofibers during regeneration and the increase in new myonuclei during hypertrophy; however, there has been little investigation of the molecular mechanisms underlying MuSC activation, proliferation, and differentiation during hypertrophy compared to those of regeneration. One reason is that 'degenerative damage' to myofibers during muscle injury or upon hypertrophy (especially overloaded muscle) is believed to trigger similar activation/proliferation of MuSCs. However, evidence suggests that degenerative damage of myofibers is not necessary for MuSC activation/proliferation during hypertrophy. When considering MuSC-based therapy for atrophy, including sarcopenia, it will be indispensable to elucidate MuSC behaviors in muscles that exhibit non-degenerative damage, because degenerated myofibers are not present in the atrophied muscles. In this review, we summarize recent findings concerning the relationship between MuSCs and hypertrophy, and discuss what remains to be discovered to inform the development and application of relevant treatments for muscle atrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- So-Ichiro Fukada
- Project for Muscle Stem Cell Biology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan.
| | | | - Athanassia Sotiropoulos
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1016, Institut Cochin, Paris, France
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32
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Wu CL, Harasymowicz NS, Klimak MA, Collins KH, Guilak F. The role of macrophages in osteoarthritis and cartilage repair. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2020; 28:544-554. [PMID: 31926267 PMCID: PMC7214213 DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2019.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 144] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2019] [Revised: 12/15/2019] [Accepted: 12/30/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a family of degenerative diseases affecting multiple joint tissues. Despite the diverse etiology and pathogenesis of OA, increasing evidence suggests that macrophages can play a significant role in modulating joint inflammation, and thus OA severity, via various secreted mediators. Recent advances in next-generation sequencing technologies coupled with proteomic and epigenetic tools have greatly facilitated research to elucidate the embryonic origin of macrophages in various tissues including joint synovium. Furthermore, scientists have now begun to appreciate that macrophage polarization can span beyond the conventionally recognized binary states (i.e., pro-inflammatory M1-like vs anti-inflammatory M2-like) and may encompass a broad spectrum of phenotypes. Although the presence of these cells has been shown in multiple joint tissues, additional mechanistic studies are required to provide a comprehensive understanding of the precise role of these diverse macrophage populations in OA onset and progression. New approaches that can modulate macrophages into desired functional phenotypes may provide novel therapeutic strategies for preventing OA or enhancing cartilage repair and regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- C-L Wu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Shriners Hospitals for Children - St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Center of Regenerative Medicine, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - N S Harasymowicz
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Shriners Hospitals for Children - St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Center of Regenerative Medicine, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - M A Klimak
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Shriners Hospitals for Children - St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Center of Regenerative Medicine, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - K H Collins
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Shriners Hospitals for Children - St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Center of Regenerative Medicine, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - F Guilak
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Shriners Hospitals for Children - St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Center of Regenerative Medicine, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.
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Gholobova D, Terrie L, Gerard M, Declercq H, Thorrez L. Vascularization of tissue-engineered skeletal muscle constructs. Biomaterials 2019; 235:119708. [PMID: 31999964 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2019.119708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2019] [Revised: 12/10/2019] [Accepted: 12/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Skeletal muscle tissue can be created in vitro by tissue engineering approaches, based on differentiation of muscle stem cells. Several approaches exist and generally result in three dimensional constructs composed of multinucleated myofibers to which we refer as myooids. Engineering methods date back to 3 decades ago and meanwhile a wide range of cell types and scaffold types have been evaluated. Nevertheless, in most approaches, myooids remain very small to allow for diffusion-mediated nutrient supply and waste product removal, typically less than 1 mm thick. One of the shortcomings of current in vitro skeletal muscle organoid development is the lack of a functional vascular structure, thus limiting the size of myooids. This is a challenge which is nowadays applicable to almost all organoid systems. Several approaches to obtain a vascular structure within myooids have been proposed. The purpose of this review is to give a concise overview of these approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Gholobova
- Tissue Engineering Lab, Department of Development and Regeneration, KU Leuven, E. Sabbelaan 53, 8500, Kortrijk, Belgium
| | - L Terrie
- Tissue Engineering Lab, Department of Development and Regeneration, KU Leuven, E. Sabbelaan 53, 8500, Kortrijk, Belgium
| | - M Gerard
- Tissue Engineering Lab, Department of Development and Regeneration, KU Leuven, E. Sabbelaan 53, 8500, Kortrijk, Belgium
| | - H Declercq
- Tissue Engineering Lab, Department of Development and Regeneration, KU Leuven, E. Sabbelaan 53, 8500, Kortrijk, Belgium
| | - L Thorrez
- Tissue Engineering Lab, Department of Development and Regeneration, KU Leuven, E. Sabbelaan 53, 8500, Kortrijk, Belgium.
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Macrophages Are Key Regulators of Stem Cells during Skeletal Muscle Regeneration and Diseases. Stem Cells Int 2019; 2019:4761427. [PMID: 31396285 PMCID: PMC6664695 DOI: 10.1155/2019/4761427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2019] [Accepted: 06/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Muscle regeneration is a closely regulated process that involves a variety of cell types such as satellite cells, myofibers, fibroadipogenic progenitors, endothelial cells, and inflammatory cells. Among these different cell types, macrophages emerged as a central actor coordinating the different cellular interactions and biological processes. Particularly, the transition of macrophages from their proinflammatory to their anti-inflammatory phenotype was shown to regulate inflammation, myogenesis, fibrosis, vascularization, and return to homeostasis. On the other hand, deregulation of macrophage accumulation or polarization in chronic degenerative muscle disorders was shown to impair muscle regeneration. Considering the key roles of macrophages in skeletal muscle, they represent an attractive target for new therapeutic approaches aiming at mitigating various muscle disorders. This review aims at summarizing the novel insights into macrophage heterogeneity, plasticity, and functions in skeletal muscle homeostasis, regeneration, and disease.
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Reidy PT, Dupont-Versteegden EE, Drummond MJ. Macrophage Regulation of Muscle Regrowth From Disuse in Aging. Exerc Sport Sci Rev 2019; 47:246-250. [DOI: 10.1249/jes.0000000000000201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Reidy PT, McKenzie AI, Mahmassani ZS, Petrocelli JJ, Nelson DB, Lindsay CC, Gardner JE, Morrow VR, Keefe AC, Huffaker TB, Stoddard GJ, Kardon G, O'Connell RM, Drummond MJ. Aging impairs mouse skeletal muscle macrophage polarization and muscle-specific abundance during recovery from disuse. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2019; 317:E85-E98. [PMID: 30964703 PMCID: PMC6689737 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00422.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Impaired recovery of aged muscle following a disuse event is an unresolved issue facing the older adult population. Although investigations in young animals have suggested that rapid regrowth of skeletal muscle following a disuse event entails a coordinated involvement of skeletal muscle macrophages, this phenomenon has not yet been thoroughly tested as an explanation for impaired muscle recovery in aging. To examine this hypothesis, young (4-5 mo) and old (24-26 mo) male mice were examined as controls following 2 wk of hindlimb unloading (HU) and following 4 (RL4) and 7 (RL7) days of reloading after HU. Muscles were harvested to assess muscle weight, myofiber-specifc cross-sectional area, and skeletal muscle macrophages via immunofluorescence. Flow cytometry was used on gastrocnemius and soleus muscle (at RL4) single-cell suspensions to immunophenotype skeletal muscle macrophages. Our data demonstrated impaired muscle regrowth in aged compared with young mice following disuse, which was characterized by divergent muscle macrophage polarization patterns and muscle-specifc macrophage abundance. During reloading, young mice exhibited the classical increase in M1-like (MHC II+CD206-) macrophages that preceeded the increase in percentage of M2-like macrophages (MHC II-CD206+); however, old mice did not demonstrate this pattern. Also, at RL4, the soleus demonstrated reduced macrophage abundance with aging. Together, these data suggest that dysregulated macrophage phenotype patterns in aged muscle during recovery from disuse may be related to impaired muscle growth. Further investigation is needed to determine whether the dysregulated macrophage response in the old during regrowth from disuse is related to a reduced ability to recruit or activate specific immune cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul T Reidy
- Department of Physical Therapy and Athletic Training, University of Utah , Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Alec I McKenzie
- Department of Physical Therapy and Athletic Training, University of Utah , Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Ziad S Mahmassani
- Department of Physical Therapy and Athletic Training, University of Utah , Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Jonathan J Petrocelli
- Department of Physical Therapy and Athletic Training, University of Utah , Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Daniel B Nelson
- Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, University of Utah , Salt Lake City, Utah
| | | | - James E Gardner
- School of Medicine, University of Utah , Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Vincent R Morrow
- Department of Physical Therapy and Athletic Training, University of Utah , Salt Lake City, Utah
| | | | | | - Greg J Stoddard
- Division of Epidemiology, University of Utah, School of Medicine , Salt Lake City, Utah
| | | | - Ryan M O'Connell
- Department of Pathology, University of Utah , Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Micah J Drummond
- Department of Physical Therapy and Athletic Training, University of Utah , Salt Lake City, Utah
- Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, University of Utah , Salt Lake City, Utah
- Department of Pathology, University of Utah , Salt Lake City, Utah
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Schilling BK, Schusterman MA, Kim DY, Repko AJ, Klett KC, Christ GJ, Marra KG. Adipose-derived stem cells delay muscle atrophy after peripheral nerve injury in the rodent model. Muscle Nerve 2019; 59:603-610. [PMID: 30681163 DOI: 10.1002/mus.26432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2018] [Revised: 01/12/2019] [Accepted: 01/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Injuries to peripheral nerves cause distal muscle atrophy. The effects of adipose-derived stem cell (ASC) injections into a muscle after injury were examined. METHODS A 1.5 cm defect in the rat sciatic nerve was created, resulting in gastrocnemius muscle atrophy. The nerve defect was repaired with autograft; DiR-labeled ASCs were injected into the gastrocnemius immediately postoperatively. Quantitation of gross musculature and muscle fiber area, cell survival, fibrosis, lipid deposition, inflammation, and reconstructive responses were investigated. RESULTS ASCs were identified in the muscle at 6 weeks, where injections showed increased muscle mass percentage retained, larger average fiber area, and less overall lipid content accumulated throughout the musculature. Muscles having received ASCs showed increased presence of interlukin-10 and Ki67, and decreased inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS). DISCUSSION This investigation is suggestive that an ASC injection into denervated muscle post-operatively is able to delay the onset of atrophy. Muscle Nerve 59:603-603, 2019.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin K Schilling
- Department of Bioengineering, School of Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - M Asher Schusterman
- Department of Plastic Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Deok-Yeol Kim
- Department of Plastic Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Alexander J Repko
- Department of Biology, School of Arts & Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Katarina C Klett
- Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - George J Christ
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Kacey G Marra
- Department of Bioengineering, School of Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,Department of Plastic Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
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Kramerova I, Torres JA, Eskin A, Nelson SF, Spencer MJ. Calpain 3 and CaMKIIβ signaling are required to induce HSP70 necessary for adaptive muscle growth after atrophy. Hum Mol Genet 2019. [PMID: 29528394 PMCID: PMC5905633 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddy071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Mutations in CAPN3 cause autosomal recessive limb girdle muscular dystrophy 2A. Calpain 3 (CAPN3) is a calcium dependent protease residing in the myofibrillar, cytosolic and triad fractions of skeletal muscle. At the triad, it colocalizes with calcium calmodulin kinase IIβ (CaMKIIβ). CAPN3 knock out mice (C3KO) show reduced triad integrity and blunted CaMKIIβ signaling, which correlates with impaired transcriptional activation of myofibrillar and oxidative metabolism genes in response to running exercise. These data suggest a role for CAPN3 and CaMKIIβ in gene regulation that takes place during adaptation to endurance exercise. To assess whether CAPN3- CaMKIIβ signaling influences skeletal muscle remodeling in other contexts, we subjected C3KO and wild type mice to hindlimb unloading and reloading and assessed CaMKIIβ signaling and gene expression by RNA-sequencing. After induced atrophy followed by 4 days of reloading, both CaMKIIβ activation and expression of inflammatory and cellular stress genes were increased. C3KO muscles failed to activate CaMKIIβ signaling, did not activate the same pattern of gene expression and demonstrated impaired growth at 4 days of reloading. Moreover, C3KO muscles failed to activate inducible HSP70, which was previously shown to be indispensible for the inflammatory response needed to promote muscle recovery. Likewise, C3KO showed diminished immune cell infiltration and decreased expression of pro-myogenic genes. These data support a role for CaMKIIβ signaling in induction of HSP70 and promotion of the inflammatory response during muscle growth and remodeling that occurs after atrophy, suggesting that CaMKIIβ regulates remodeling in multiple contexts: endurance exercise and growth after atrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina Kramerova
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.,Center for Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Jorge A Torres
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.,Center for Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Ascia Eskin
- Center for Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.,Department of Human Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Stanley F Nelson
- Center for Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.,Department of Human Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Melissa J Spencer
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.,Center for Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
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Walton RG, Kosmac K, Mula J, Fry CS, Peck BD, Groshong JS, Finlin BS, Zhu B, Kern PA, Peterson CA. Human skeletal muscle macrophages increase following cycle training and are associated with adaptations that may facilitate growth. Sci Rep 2019; 9:969. [PMID: 30700754 PMCID: PMC6353900 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-37187-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2018] [Accepted: 11/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Skeletal muscle macrophages participate in repair and regeneration following injury. However, their role in physiological adaptations to exercise is unexplored. We determined whether endurance exercise training (EET) alters macrophage content and characteristics in response to resistance exercise (RE), and whether macrophages are associated with other exercise adaptations. Subjects provided vastus lateralis biopsies before and after one bout of RE, after 12 weeks of EET (cycling), and after a final bout of RE. M2 macrophages (CD11b+/CD206+) did not increase with RE, but increased in response to EET (P < 0.01). Increases in M2 macrophages were positively correlated with fiber hypertrophy (r = 0.49) and satellite cells (r = 0.47). M2c macrophages (CD206+/CD163+) also increased following EET (P < 0.001), and were associated with fiber hypertrophy (r = 0.64). Gene expression was quantified using NanoString. Following EET, the change in M2 macrophages was positively associated with changes in HGF, IGF1, and extracellular matrix genes. EET decreased expression of IL6 (P < 0.05), C/EBPβ (P < 0.01), and MuRF (P < 0.05), and increased expression of IL-4 (P < 0.01), TNFα (P < 0.01) and the TWEAK receptor FN14 (P < 0.05). The change in FN14 gene expression was inversely associated with changes in C/EBPβ (r = -0.58) and MuRF (r = -0.46) following EET. In cultured human myotubes, siRNA inhibition of FN14 increased expression of C/EBPβ (P < 0.05) and MuRF (P < 0.05). Our data suggest that macrophages contribute to the muscle response to EET, potentially including modulation of TWEAK-FN14 signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Grace Walton
- College of Health Sciences and Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA.
| | - Kate Kosmac
- College of Health Sciences and Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
| | - Jyothi Mula
- College of Health Sciences and Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
| | - Christopher S Fry
- Deptartment of Nutrition & Metabolism, School of Health Professions, University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, Texas, USA
| | - Bailey D Peck
- College of Health Sciences and Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
| | - Jason S Groshong
- Department of Health Professions, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida, USA
| | - Brian S Finlin
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, and Barnstable Brown Diabetes and Obesity Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
| | - Beibei Zhu
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, and Barnstable Brown Diabetes and Obesity Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
| | - Philip A Kern
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, and Barnstable Brown Diabetes and Obesity Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
| | - Charlotte A Peterson
- College of Health Sciences and Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
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Lu S, Xu Q. MicroRNA-23a inhibits melanoma cell proliferation, migration, and invasion in mice through a negative feedback regulation of sdcbp and the MAPK/ERK signaling pathway. IUBMB Life 2018; 71:587-600. [PMID: 30589231 DOI: 10.1002/iub.1979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2018] [Revised: 10/23/2018] [Accepted: 11/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Melanoma is the main cause of death associated with skin cancer. Surgical resection and adjuvant therapy are currently effective treatments, but the recurrence rate is very high. The understanding of microRNA (miR) dynamics after surgical resection of melanoma is essential to accurately explain the changes in the recurrence of melanoma. In this study, we hypothesized that microRNA-23a (miR-23a) affects the cell proliferation, migration, and invasion of melanoma with a mechanism related to SDCBP and the MAPK/ERK signaling pathway. To validate this, we performed a series of experiments in cells of melanoma modeled. Initially, positive expression of SDCBP and morphology of normal and melanoma tissues and cells were observed. Expression of miR-23a, SDCBP, and MAPK/ERK signaling pathway-related genes was identified in melanoma tissues. Melanoma cells transfected with mimic or inhibitor of miR-23a or si-SDCBP were detected to validate effect of miR-23a on SDCBP and the MAPK/ERK signaling pathway. MTT assay, scratch test, transwell assay, and flow cytometry were performed to evaluate cell viability, invasion, metastasis, and apoptosis in vitro, respectively. Tumorigenicity assay in nude mice was conducted to test the tumorigenesis of the transfected cells in vivo. High positive expression of SDCBP and abnormal morphology were observed in melanoma tissues and cells. Reduced expression of miR-23a and increased expression of SDCBP and MAPK/ERK signaling pathway-related genes were identified in the melanoma tissues of melanoma mice. Overexpressed miR-23a dampened SDCBP and the MAPK/ERK signaling pathway. The melanoma cells with overexpressed miR-23a presented ascended cell apoptosis and descended cell proliferation, migration, invasion as well as tumor size. Taken together, our study demonstrated that miR-23a could inhibit the development of melanoma in mice through a negative feedback regulation of SDCBP and the MAPK/ERK signaling pathway. © 2018 IUBMB Life, 71(5):587-600, 2019.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shelian Lu
- Department of Neurobiology, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing Center of Neural Regeneration and Repair, Key Laboratory for Neurodegenerative Diseases of the Ministry of Education, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Qunyuan Xu
- Department of Neurobiology, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing Center of Neural Regeneration and Repair, Key Laboratory for Neurodegenerative Diseases of the Ministry of Education, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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Rancourt A, Dufresne SS, St-Pierre G, Lévesque JC, Nakamura H, Kikuchi Y, Satoh MS, Frenette J, Sato S. Galectin-3 and N-acetylglucosamine promote myogenesis and improve skeletal muscle function in the mdx model of Duchenne muscular dystrophy. FASEB J 2018; 32:fj201701151RRR. [PMID: 29894670 PMCID: PMC6219824 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201701151rrr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2017] [Accepted: 05/21/2018] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
The muscle membrane, sarcolemma, must be firmly attached to the basal lamina. The failure of proper attachment results in muscle injury, which is the underlying cause of Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD), in which mutations in the dystrophin gene disrupts the firm adhesion. In patients with DMD, even moderate contraction causes damage, leading to progressive muscle degeneration. The damaged muscles are repaired through myogenesis. Consequently, myogenesis is highly active in patients with DMD, and the repeated activation of myogenesis leads to the exhaustion of the myogenic stem cells. Therefore, approaches to reducing the risk of the exhaustion are to develop a treatment that strengthens the interaction between the sarcolemma and the basal lamina and increases the efficiency of the myogenesis. Galectin-3 is an oligosaccharide-binding protein and is known to be involved in cell-cell interactions and cell-matrix interactions. Galectin-3 is expressed in myoblasts and skeletal muscle, although its function in muscle remains elusive. In this study, we found evidence that galectin-3 and the monosaccharide N-acetylglucosamine, which increases the synthesis of binding partners (oligosaccharides) of galectin-3, promote myogenesis in vitro. Moreover, in the mdx mouse model of DMD, treatment with N-acetylglucosamine increased muscle-force production. The results suggest that treatment with N-acetylglucosamine might mitigate the burden of DMD.-Rancourt, A., Dufresne, S. S., St-Pierre, G., Lévesque, J.-C., Nakamura, H., Kikuchi, Y., Satoh, M. S., Frenette, J., Sato, S. Galectin-3 and N-acetylglucosamine promote myogenesis and improve skeletal muscle function in the mdx model of Duchenne muscular dystrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ann Rancourt
- Glycobiology and Bioimaging Laboratory, Research Centre for Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Laval University, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
- Laboratory of DNA Damage Responses and Bioimaging, Research Centre Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) de Québec, Faculty of Medicine, Laval University, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
| | - Sébastien S. Dufresne
- Department of Rehabilitation, Research Centre of Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) de Québec, Faculty of Medicine, Laval University, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
| | - Guillaume St-Pierre
- Glycobiology and Bioimaging Laboratory, Research Centre for Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Laval University, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
| | | | - Haruka Nakamura
- Glycobiology and Bioimaging Laboratory, Research Centre for Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Laval University, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
| | - Yodai Kikuchi
- Glycobiology and Bioimaging Laboratory, Research Centre for Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Laval University, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
| | - Masahiko S. Satoh
- Laboratory of DNA Damage Responses and Bioimaging, Research Centre Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) de Québec, Faculty of Medicine, Laval University, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
| | - Jérôme Frenette
- Department of Rehabilitation, Research Centre of Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) de Québec, Faculty of Medicine, Laval University, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
| | - Sachiko Sato
- Glycobiology and Bioimaging Laboratory, Research Centre for Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Laval University, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
- Bioimaging Platform, Research Centre of CHU de Québec, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
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Vallarola A, Sironi F, Tortarolo M, Gatto N, De Gioia R, Pasetto L, De Paola M, Mariani A, Ghosh S, Watson R, Kalmes A, Bonetto V, Bendotti C. RNS60 exerts therapeutic effects in the SOD1 ALS mouse model through protective glia and peripheral nerve rescue. J Neuroinflammation 2018; 15:65. [PMID: 29495962 PMCID: PMC5833072 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-018-1101-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2017] [Accepted: 02/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease that affects the motor neuromuscular system leading to complete paralysis and premature death. The multifactorial nature of ALS that involves both cell-autonomous and non-cell-autonomous processes contributes to the lack of effective therapies, usually targeted to a single pathogenic mechanism. RNS60, an experimental drug containing oxygenated nanobubbles generated by modified Taylor-Couette-Poiseuille flow with elevated oxygen pressure, has shown anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective properties in different experimental paradigms. Since RNS60 interferes with multiple cellular mechanisms known to be involved in ALS pathology, we evaluated its effect in in vitro and in vivo models of ALS. METHODS Co-cultures of primary microglia/spinal neurons exposed to LPS and astrocytes/spinal neurons from SOD1G93A mice were used to examine the effect of RNS60 or normal saline (NS) on the selective motor neuron degeneration. Transgenic SOD1G93A mice were treated with RNS60 or NS (300 μl/mouse intraperitoneally every other day) starting at the disease onset and examined for disease progression as well as pathological and biochemical alterations. RESULTS RNS60 protected motor neurons in in vitro paradigms and slowed the disease progression of C57BL/6-SOD1G93A mice through a significant protection of spinal motor neurons and neuromuscular junctions. This was mediated by the (i) activation of an antioxidant response and generation of an anti-inflammatory environment in the spinal cord; (ii) activation of the PI3K-Akt pro-survival pathway in the spinal cord and sciatic nerves; (iii) reduced demyelination of the sciatic nerves; and (iv) elevation of peripheral CD4+/Foxp3+ T regulatory cell numbers. RNS60 did not show the same effects in 129Sv-SOD1G93A mice, which are unable to activate a protective immune response. CONCLUSION RNS60 demonstrated significant therapeutic efficacy in C57BL/6-SOD1G93A mice by virtue of its effects on multiple disease mechanisms in motor neurons, glial cells, and peripheral immune cells. These findings, together with the excellent clinical safety profile, make RNS60 a promising candidate for ALS therapy and support further studies to unravel its molecular mechanism of action. In addition, the differences in efficacy of RNS60 in SOD1G93A mice of different strains may be relevant for identifying potential markers to predict efficacy in clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Vallarola
- Molecular Neurobiology Lab, Department of Neuroscience, IRCCS - Mario Negri Institute, Via La Masa, 19, 20156, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesca Sironi
- Molecular Neurobiology Lab, Department of Neuroscience, IRCCS - Mario Negri Institute, Via La Masa, 19, 20156, Milan, Italy
| | - Massimo Tortarolo
- Molecular Neurobiology Lab, Department of Neuroscience, IRCCS - Mario Negri Institute, Via La Masa, 19, 20156, Milan, Italy
| | - Noemi Gatto
- Molecular Neurobiology Lab, Department of Neuroscience, IRCCS - Mario Negri Institute, Via La Masa, 19, 20156, Milan, Italy
| | - Roberta De Gioia
- Molecular Neurobiology Lab, Department of Neuroscience, IRCCS - Mario Negri Institute, Via La Masa, 19, 20156, Milan, Italy
| | - Laura Pasetto
- Translational Biomarkers Lab, Department of Molecular Biochemistry and Pharmacology, IRCCS - Mario Negri, Milan, Italy
| | - Massimiliano De Paola
- Analytical Biochemistry Lab, Department of Environmental Health Sciences, IRCCS- Mario Negri Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Alessandro Mariani
- Analytical Biochemistry Lab, Department of Environmental Health Sciences, IRCCS- Mario Negri Institute, Milan, Italy
| | | | | | | | - Valentina Bonetto
- Translational Biomarkers Lab, Department of Molecular Biochemistry and Pharmacology, IRCCS - Mario Negri, Milan, Italy
| | - Caterina Bendotti
- Molecular Neurobiology Lab, Department of Neuroscience, IRCCS - Mario Negri Institute, Via La Masa, 19, 20156, Milan, Italy.
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43
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Wang X, Zhao W, Ransohoff RM, Zhou L. Infiltrating macrophages are broadly activated at the early stage to support acute skeletal muscle injury repair. J Neuroimmunol 2018; 317:55-66. [PMID: 29325905 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2018.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2017] [Revised: 01/03/2018] [Accepted: 01/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Acute skeletal muscle injury repair requires an adequate inflammatory response predominated by macrophage infiltration. We studied the activation of infiltrating macrophages by analyzing the expression of M1/M2 signature genes. Most of the intramuscular macrophages were Ly6Chi at day 1 after BaCl2 injection, while many were Ly6Clo at day 3. Ly6Chi macrophages at day 1 expressed a high level of both M1 and M2 genes, and the Ly6Chi and Ly6Clo macrophages at day 3 expressed a similar level of many M1/M2 genes. Infiltrating macrophages are broadly activated rather than polarized at the early stage to support acute skeletal muscle injury repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingyu Wang
- Department of Neurology & Neurotherapeutics, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, United States
| | - Wanming Zhao
- Department of Human Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kattering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, United States
| | | | - Lan Zhou
- Department of Neurology & Neurotherapeutics, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, United States.
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44
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Quantitative analysis of immune cell subset infiltration of supraspinatus muscle after severe rotator cuff injury. REGENERATIVE ENGINEERING AND TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2017; 3:82-93. [PMID: 28706969 DOI: 10.1007/s40883-017-0030-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Rotator cuff tears cause muscle degeneration that is characterized by myofiber atrophy, fatty infiltration, and fibrosis and is minimally responsive to current treatment options. The underlying pathogenesis of rotator cuff muscle degeneration remains to be elucidated, and increasing evidence implicates immune cell infiltration as a significant factor. Because immune cells are comprised of highly heterogeneous subpopulations that exert divergent effects on injured tissue, understanding trafficking and accumulation of immune subpopulations may hold the key to more effective therapies. The present study quantifies subpopulations of immune cells infiltrating the murine supraspinatus muscle after severe rotator cuff injury that includes tenotomy and denervation. Rotator cuff injury stimulates dramatic infiltration of mononuclear phagocytes, enriches mononuclear phagocytes in non-classical subpopulations, and enriches T lymphocytes in TH and Treg subpopulations. The combination of tenotomy plus denervation significantly increases mononuclear phagocyte infiltration, enriches macrophages in the non-classical subpopulation, and decreases T lymphocyte enrichment in TH cells compared to tenotomy alone. Depletion of circulating monocytes via liposomal clodronate accelerates supraspinatus atrophy after tenotomy and denervation. The study may aid rational design of immunologically smart therapies that harness immune cells to enhance outcomes after rotator cuff tears.
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45
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Long DE, Peck BD, Martz JL, Tuggle SC, Bush HM, McGwin G, Kern PA, Bamman MM, Peterson CA. Metformin to Augment Strength Training Effective Response in Seniors (MASTERS): study protocol for a randomized controlled trial. Trials 2017; 18:192. [PMID: 28441958 PMCID: PMC5405504 DOI: 10.1186/s13063-017-1932-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2016] [Accepted: 04/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Muscle mass and strength are strong determinants of a person's quality of life and functional independence with advancing age. While resistance training is the most effective intervention to combat age-associated muscle atrophy (sarcopenia), the ability of older adults to increase muscle mass and strength in response to training is blunted and highly variable. Thus, finding novel ways to complement resistance training to improve muscle response and ultimately quality of life among older individuals is critical. The purpose of this study is to determine whether a commonly prescribed medication called metformin can be repurposed to improve the response to resistance exercise training by altering the muscle tissue inflammatory environment. METHODS/DESIGN Individuals aged 65 and older are participating in a two-site, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial testing the effects of metformin or placebo on muscle size, strength, and physical function when combined with a progressive resistance training program. Participants consume 1700 mg of metformin per day or placebo for 2 weeks before engaging in a 14-week progressive resistance training regimen, with continued metformin or placebo. Participants are then monitored post-training to determine if the group taking metformin derived greater overall benefit from training in terms of muscle mass and strength gains than those on placebo. Muscle biopsies are taken from the vastus lateralis at three time points to assess individual cellular and molecular adaptations to resistance training and also changes in response to metformin. DISCUSSION The response of aged muscles to a resistance training program does not always result in a positive outcome; some individuals even experience a loss in muscle mass following resistance training. Thus, adjuvant therapies, including pharmacological ones, are required to optimize response to training in those who do not respond and may be at increased risk of frailty. This is the first known metformin repurposing trial in non-diseased individuals, aimed specifically at the resistance exercise "non-responder" phenotype present in the aging population. The overall goal of this trial is to determine if combined exercise-metformin intervention therapy will benefit older individuals by promoting muscle hypertrophy and strength gains, thereby maintaining functional independence. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT02308228 . Registered on 25 November 2014.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doug E. Long
- College of Health Sciences and Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY USA
| | - Bailey D. Peck
- College of Health Sciences and Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY USA
| | - Jenny L. Martz
- Center for Exercise Medicine and Department of Cell, Developmental, and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL USA
| | - S. Craig Tuggle
- Center for Exercise Medicine and Department of Cell, Developmental, and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL USA
| | - Heather M. Bush
- Department of Biostatistics, College of Public Health, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY USA
| | - Gerald McGwin
- Center for Exercise Medicine and Department of Cell, Developmental, and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL USA
| | - Philip A. Kern
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, and Barnstable Brown Diabetes and Obesity Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY USA
| | - Marcas M. Bamman
- Center for Exercise Medicine and Department of Cell, Developmental, and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL USA
| | - Charlotte A. Peterson
- College of Health Sciences and Center for Muscle Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY USA
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46
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Mahdy MA, Warita K, Hosaka YZ. Early ultrastructural events of skeletal muscle damage following cardiotoxin-induced injury and glycerol-induced injury. Micron 2016; 91:29-40. [DOI: 10.1016/j.micron.2016.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2016] [Revised: 09/27/2016] [Accepted: 09/27/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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47
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Martin KS, Virgilio KM, Peirce SM, Blemker SS. Computational Modeling of Muscle Regeneration and Adaptation to Advance Muscle Tissue Regeneration Strategies. Cells Tissues Organs 2016; 202:250-266. [DOI: 10.1159/000443635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/22/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Skeletal muscle has an exceptional ability to regenerate and adapt following injury. Tissue engineering approaches (e.g. cell therapy, scaffolds, and pharmaceutics) aimed at enhancing or promoting muscle regeneration from severe injuries are a promising and active field of research. Computational models are beginning to advance the field by providing insight into regeneration mechanisms and therapies. In this paper, we summarize the contributions computational models have made to understanding muscle remodeling and the functional implications thereof. Next, we describe a new agent-based computational model of skeletal muscle inflammation and regeneration following acute muscle injury. Our computational model simulates the recruitment and cellular behaviors of key inflammatory cells (e.g. neutrophils and M1 and M2 macrophages) and their interactions with native muscle cells (muscle fibers, satellite stem cells, and fibroblasts) that result in the clearance of necrotic tissue and muscle fiber regeneration. We demonstrate the ability of the model to track key regeneration metrics during both unencumbered regeneration and in the case of impaired macrophage function. We also use the model to simulate regeneration enhancement when muscle is primed with inflammatory cells prior to injury, which is a putative therapeutic intervention that has not yet been investigated experimentally. Computational modeling of muscle regeneration, pursued in combination with experimental analyses, provides a quantitative framework for evaluating and predicting muscle regeneration and enables the rational design of therapeutic strategies for muscle recovery.
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48
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Dufresne SS, Frenette J, Dumont NA. [Inflammation and muscle regeneration, a double-edged sword]. Med Sci (Paris) 2016; 32:591-7. [PMID: 27406769 DOI: 10.1051/medsci/20163206022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Muscle injuries are very frequent and are associated with an inflammatory reaction that varies in intensity. Classically the inflammatory process was considered harmful for muscle regeneration and anti-inflammatory agents are still part of a conventional therapy. Over the last decades, it has been demonstrated under some conditions that the inflammatory response could be detrimental for the musculoskeletal tissue. However, accumulating evidence indicate that controlled and efficient inflammatory response is necessary for an optimal muscle recovery. Among the resident and infiltrating leukocytes that participate into the inflammatory process, macrophages play a critical role in muscle regeneration due to their ability to switch from pro-inflammatory to anti-inflammatory phenotypes depending on their microenvironment. The present review synthesizes the recent advances regarding the interactions of the different infiltrating and resident leukocytes on myogenic cell function and muscle regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sébastien S Dufresne
- Centre de recherche du centre hospitalier universitaire de Québec, Université Laval, 2705 boulevard Laurier, G1V4G2 Québec, QC, Canada - Département de réadaptation, Faculté de médecine, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Jérôme Frenette
- Centre de recherche du centre hospitalier universitaire de Québec, Université Laval, 2705 boulevard Laurier, G1V4G2 Québec, QC, Canada - Département de réadaptation, Faculté de médecine, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Nicolas A Dumont
- Centre de recherche du Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Ste-Justine. Montréal, QC, Canada - École de réadaptation, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Montréal, 7077 avenue du Parc Montréal, H3N 1X7 Montréal QC, Canada
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49
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Capote J, Kramerova I, Martinez L, Vetrone S, Barton ER, Sweeney HL, Miceli MC, Spencer MJ. Osteopontin ablation ameliorates muscular dystrophy by shifting macrophages to a pro-regenerative phenotype. J Cell Biol 2016; 213:275-88. [PMID: 27091452 PMCID: PMC5084275 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.201510086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2015] [Accepted: 03/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
In the degenerative disease Duchenne muscular dystrophy, inflammatory cells enter muscles in response to repetitive muscle damage. Immune factors are required for muscle regeneration, but chronic inflammation creates a profibrotic milieu that exacerbates disease progression. Osteopontin (OPN) is an immunomodulator highly expressed in dystrophic muscles. Ablation of OPN correlates with reduced fibrosis and improved muscle strength as well as reduced natural killer T (NKT) cell counts. Here, we demonstrate that the improved dystrophic phenotype observed with OPN ablation does not result from reductions in NKT cells. OPN ablation skews macrophage polarization toward a pro-regenerative phenotype by reducing M1 and M2a and increasing M2c subsets. These changes are associated with increased expression of pro-regenerative factors insulin-like growth factor 1, leukemia inhibitory factor, and urokinase-type plasminogen activator. Furthermore, altered macrophage polarization correlated with increases in muscle weight and muscle fiber diameter, resulting in long-term improvements in muscle strength and function in mdx mice. These findings suggest that OPN ablation promotes muscle repair via macrophage secretion of pro-myogenic growth factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joana Capote
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 Molecular, Cellular, and Integrative Physiology Interdepartmental PhD Program, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095
| | - Irina Kramerova
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095
| | - Leonel Martinez
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095
| | - Sylvia Vetrone
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095
| | - Elisabeth R Barton
- Department of Applied Physiology and Kinesiology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611 Wellstone Muscular Dystrophy Center, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610
| | - H Lee Sweeney
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610 Wellstone Muscular Dystrophy Center, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610
| | - M Carrie Miceli
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 Center for Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095 Wellstone Muscular Dystrophy Center, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610
| | - Melissa J Spencer
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 Center for Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095 Wellstone Muscular Dystrophy Center, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610
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50
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Dufresne SS, Dumont NA, Boulanger-Piette A, Fajardo VA, Gamu D, Kake-Guena SA, David RO, Bouchard P, Lavergne É, Penninger JM, Pape PC, Tupling AR, Frenette J. Muscle RANK is a key regulator of Ca2+ storage, SERCA activity, and function of fast-twitch skeletal muscles. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2016; 310:C663-72. [PMID: 26825123 PMCID: PMC4835920 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00285.2015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2015] [Accepted: 01/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Receptor-activator of nuclear factor-κB (RANK), its ligand RANKL, and the soluble decoy receptor osteoprotegerin are the key regulators of osteoclast differentiation and bone remodeling. Here we show that RANK is also expressed in fully differentiated myotubes and skeletal muscle. Muscle RANK deletion has inotropic effects in denervated, but not in sham, extensor digitorum longus (EDL) muscles preventing the loss of maximum specific force while promoting muscle atrophy, fatigability, and increased proportion of fast-twitch fibers. In denervated EDL muscles, RANK deletion markedly increased stromal interaction molecule 1 content, a Ca(2+)sensor, and altered activity of the sarco(endo)plasmic reticulum Ca(2+)-ATPase (SERCA) modulating Ca(2+)storage. Muscle RANK deletion had no significant effects on the sham or denervated slow-twitch soleus muscles. These data identify a novel role for RANK as a key regulator of Ca(2+)storage and SERCA activity, ultimately affecting denervated skeletal muscle function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sébastien S Dufresne
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec-Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université Laval, Université Laval, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
| | - Nicolas A Dumont
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec-Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université Laval, Université Laval, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
| | - Antoine Boulanger-Piette
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec-Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université Laval, Université Laval, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
| | - Val A Fajardo
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
| | - Daniel Gamu
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sandrine-Aurélie Kake-Guena
- Faculté de Médecine et des Sciences de la Santé, Département de Physiologie et Biophysique, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada
| | - Rares Ovidiu David
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec-Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université Laval, Université Laval, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
| | - Patrice Bouchard
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec-Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université Laval, Université Laval, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
| | - Éliane Lavergne
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec-Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université Laval, Université Laval, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
| | - Josef M Penninger
- Institute of Molecular Biotechnology of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria; and
| | - Paul C Pape
- Faculté de Médecine et des Sciences de la Santé, Département de Physiologie et Biophysique, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada
| | - A Russell Tupling
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jérôme Frenette
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec-Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université Laval, Université Laval, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada; Faculté de Médecine, Département de Réadaptation, Université Laval, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
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