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Latoch A, Stasiak DM, Siczek P. Edible Offal as a Valuable Source of Nutrients in the Diet-A Review. Nutrients 2024; 16:1609. [PMID: 38892542 PMCID: PMC11174546 DOI: 10.3390/nu16111609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2024] [Revised: 05/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
The global increase in demand for meat leads to substantial quantities of by-products, including edible offal from both wild and domesticated animals raised for diversified consumption products within an agricultural framework. Information on the nutritional value of offal is scattered and limited. This review aims to synthesize scientific publications on the potential of offal as a source of nutrients and bioactive substances in human diets. The literature review included publications available in ISI Web of Science and Google Scholar published between 2014 and 2024. Findings indicate that edible offal is characterized by a nutrient concentration often surpassing that found in skeletal muscle. This review discusses the yield of edible offal and explores factors influencing human consumption. Selected factors affecting the nutritional value of offal of various animals and the importance of individual nutrients in ensuring the proper functioning of the human body were analyzed. The optimal use of offal in processing and catering can significantly benefit aspects of human life, including diet quality, food security, and conservation of natural resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Latoch
- Department of Animal Food Technology, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, 8 Skromna St., 20-704 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Dariusz Mirosław Stasiak
- Department of Animal Food Technology, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, 8 Skromna St., 20-704 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Patryk Siczek
- Department of Plant Food Technology and Gastronomy, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, 8 Skromna St., 20-704 Lublin, Poland;
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2
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Khan RU, Naz S, Ullah H, Khan NA, Laudadio V, Ragni M, Piemontese L, Tufarelli V. Dietary vitamin D: growth, physiological and health consequences in broiler production. Anim Biotechnol 2023; 34:1635-1641. [PMID: 34923931 DOI: 10.1080/10495398.2021.2013861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Vitamins are needed in trace amounts in dietary formulations for poultry; however, they are critical for the health, maintenance, and performance of important body organs. Broilers have a lot of leg issues because of their rapid development and lack of exercise. Because of commercial broilers have limited access to direct sunlight, vitamin D supplementation in the feed is critical to reducing the risk of bone deformation and maximizing development. Vitamin D deficiency causes skeletal abnormalities, which may lead also to financial problems. The latest scientific findings on the source, metabolism, mechanisms of action, and functions of vitamin D in broilers are the subject of this review paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rifat Ullah Khan
- College of Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Sciences, The University of Agriculture, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Shabana Naz
- Department of Zoology, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Hammad Ullah
- College of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Abdulwali Khan University, Mardan, Pakistan
| | - Nazir Ahmad Khan
- Department of Animal Nutrition, Faculty of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Sciences, The University of Agriculture Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Vito Laudadio
- Department of DETO, Section of Veterinary Science and Animal Production, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy
| | - Marco Ragni
- Department of Agro-Environmental and Territorial Sciences, University of Bari 'Aldo Moro', Bari, Italy
| | - Luca Piemontese
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Tufarelli
- Department of DETO, Section of Veterinary Science and Animal Production, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy
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3
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Warner RD, Wheeler TL, Ha M, Li X, Bekhit AED, Morton J, Vaskoska R, Dunshea FR, Liu R, Purslow P, Zhang W. Meat tenderness: advances in biology, biochemistry, molecular mechanisms and new technologies. Meat Sci 2021; 185:108657. [PMID: 34998162 DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2021.108657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Revised: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Meat tenderness is an important quality trait critical to consumer acceptance, and determines satisfaction, repeat purchase and willingness-to-pay premium prices. Recent advances in tenderness research from a variety of perspectives are presented. Our understanding of molecular factors influencing tenderization are discussed in relation to glycolysis, calcium release, protease activation, apoptosis and heat shock proteins, the use of proteomic analysis for monitoring changes, proteomic biomarkers and oxidative/nitrosative stress. Each of these structural, metabolic and molecular determinants of meat tenderness are then discussed in greater detail in relation to animal variation, postmortem influences, and changes during cooking, with a focus on recent advances. Innovations in postmortem technologies and enzymes for meat tenderization are discussed including their potential commercial application. Continued success of the meat industry relies on ongoing advances in our understanding, and in industry innovation. The recent advances in fundamental and applied research on meat tenderness in relation to the various sectors of the supply chain will enable such innovation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robyn D Warner
- School of Agriculture and Food, Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, Melbourne University, Parkville 3010, Australia.
| | - Tommy L Wheeler
- U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Meat Animal Research Center, Clay Center, Nebraska 68933, USA
| | - Minh Ha
- School of Agriculture and Food, Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, Melbourne University, Parkville 3010, Australia
| | - Xin Li
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | | | - James Morton
- Department of Wine Food and Molecular Biosciences, Faculty of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Lincoln University, Lincoln 7647, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Rozita Vaskoska
- School of Agriculture and Food, Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, Melbourne University, Parkville 3010, Australia
| | - Frank R Dunshea
- School of Agriculture and Food, Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, Melbourne University, Parkville 3010, Australia; Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, United Kingdom
| | - Rui Liu
- School of Food Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225127, PR China
| | - Peter Purslow
- Tandil Centre for Veterinary Investigation (CIVETAN), National University of Central Buenos Aires Province, Tandil B7001BBO, Argentina
| | - Wangang Zhang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
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4
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Neill HR, Gill CIR, McDonald EJ, McRoberts WC, Pourshahidi LK. The future is bright: Biofortification of common foods can improve vitamin D status. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2021; 63:505-521. [PMID: 34291674 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2021.1950609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Vitamin D deficiency is a global concern, linked to suboptimal musculoskeletal health and immune function, with status inadequacies owing to variations in UV dependent cutaneous synthesis and limited natural dietary sources. Endogenous biofortification, alongside traditional fortification and supplement usage is urgently needed to address this deficit. Evidence reviewed in the current article clearly demonstrates that feed modification and UV radiation, either independently or used in combination, effectively increases vitamin D content of primary produce or ingredients, albeit in the limited range of food vehicles tested to date (beef/pork/chicken/eggs/fish/bread/mushrooms). Fewer human trials have confirmed that consumption of these biofortified foods can increase circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] concentrations (n = 10), which is of particular importance to avoid vitamin D status declining to nadir during wintertime. Meat is an unexplored yet plausible food vehicle for vitamin D biofortification, owing, at least in part, to its ubiquitous consumption pattern. Consumption of PUFA-enriched meat in human trials demonstrates efficacy (n = 4), lighting the way for exploration of vitamin D-biofortified meats to enhance consumer vitamin D status. Response to vitamin D-biofortified foods varies by food matrix, with vitamin D3-enriched animal-based foods observing the greatest effect in maintaining or elevating 25(OH)D concentrations. Generally, the efficacy of biofortification appears to vary dependent upon vitamer selected for animal feed supplementation (vitamin D2 or D3, or 25(OH)D), baseline participant status and the bioaccessibility from the food matrix. Further research in the form of robust human clinical trials are required to explore the contribution of biofortified foods to vitamin D status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Holly R Neill
- Nutrition Innovation Centre for Food and Health (NICHE), School of Biomedical Sciences, Ulster University, Coleraine, UK
| | - Chris I R Gill
- Nutrition Innovation Centre for Food and Health (NICHE), School of Biomedical Sciences, Ulster University, Coleraine, UK
| | | | | | - L Kirsty Pourshahidi
- Nutrition Innovation Centre for Food and Health (NICHE), School of Biomedical Sciences, Ulster University, Coleraine, UK
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Johnson JB, Ekanayake CP, Caravani F, Mani JS, Lal P, Calgaro SJ, Prasad SS, Warner RD, Naiker M. A Review of Vitamin D and Its Precursors in Plants and Their Translation to Active Metabolites in Meat. FOOD REVIEWS INTERNATIONAL 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/87559129.2021.1936006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Joel B. Johnson
- School of Health, Medical & Applied Sciences, CQUniversity, North Rockhampton, Australia
| | - C. P. Ekanayake
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Applied Sciences, University of Sri Jayewardenepura, Nugegoda, Sri Lanka
| | - Federico Caravani
- School of Health, Medical & Applied Sciences, CQUniversity, North Rockhampton, Australia
| | - Janice S. Mani
- School of Health, Medical & Applied Sciences, CQUniversity, North Rockhampton, Australia
| | - Pawan Lal
- School of Health, Medical & Applied Sciences, CQUniversity, North Rockhampton, Australia
| | - Sarah J. Calgaro
- School of Health, Medical & Applied Sciences, CQUniversity, North Rockhampton, Australia
| | - Shirtika S. Prasad
- Faculty of Science, Technology and Engineering, the University of the South Pacific, Laucala Campus, Suva, Fiji
| | - Robyn D Warner
- School of Agriculture and Food, Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Mani Naiker
- School of Health, Medical & Applied Sciences, CQUniversity, North Rockhampton, Australia
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Reynolds CJ, Koszewski NJ, Horst RL, Beitz DC, Goff JP. Oral 25-Hydroxycholecalciferol Acts as an Agonist in the Duodenum of Mice and as Modeled in Cultured Human HT-29 and Caco2 Cells. J Nutr 2020; 150:427-433. [PMID: 31665381 PMCID: PMC7443726 DOI: 10.1093/jn/nxz261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2019] [Revised: 06/17/2019] [Accepted: 09/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND 25-Hydroxycholecalciferol [25(OH)D] is the predominant circulating metabolite of vitamin D and serves as the precursor for 1α,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol [1,25(OH)2D], the hormonally active form. The presence of 1α-hydroxylase (1α-OHase) in the intestine suggests that 1,25(OH)2D can be produced from 25(OH)D, but the effects of oral 25(OH)D on the intestine have not been determined. OBJECTIVES We investigated the acute intestinal response to orally consumed 25(OH)D in mice by assessing mRNA induction of cytochrome p450 family 24 subfamily A member 1 (Cyp24), a vitamin D-dependent gene. The mechanism of action then was determined through in vitro analyses with Caco2 and HT-29 cells. METHODS Adult male C57BL6 mice were given a single oral dose of 40, 80, 200, or 400 ng 25(OH)D (n = 4 per dose) or vehicle (n = 3), and then killed 4 h later to evaluate the duodenal expression of Cyp24 mRNA by qPCR and RNA in situ hybridization. The 25(OH)D-mediated response was also evaluated with Caco2 and HT-29 cells by inhibition assay and dose-response analysis. A cytochrome p450 family 27 subfamily B member 1 (CYP27B1) knockdown of HT-29 was created to compare the dose-response parameters with wild-type HT-29 cells. RESULTS Oral 25(OH)D induced expression of Cyp24 mRNA in the duodenum of mice with 80 ng 25(OH)D by 3.3 ± 0.8 ΔΔCt compared with controls (P < 0.05). In vitro, both Caco2 and HT-29 cells responded to 25(OH)D treatment with 200-fold and 175-fold greater effective concentration at 50% maximal response than 1,25(OH)2D, yet inhibition of 1α-OHase and knockdown of CYP27B1 had no effect on the responses. CONCLUSIONS In mice, orally consumed 25(OH)D elicits a vitamin D-mediated response in the duodenum. In vitro assessments suggest that the response from 25(OH)D does not require activation by 1α-OHase and that 25(OH)D within the intestinal lumen acts as a vitamin D receptor agonist.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen J Reynolds
- Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, XSUSA
| | - Nicholas J Koszewski
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
- GlycoMyr, Inc., Ames, IA, USA
| | - Ronald L Horst
- GlycoMyr, Inc., Ames, IA, USA
- Heartland Assays, Ames, IA, USA
| | - Donald C Beitz
- Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, XSUSA
| | - Jesse P Goff
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
- GlycoMyr, Inc., Ames, IA, USA
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7
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Pogorzelska-Nowicka E, Atanasov AG, Horbańczuk J, Wierzbicka A. Bioactive Compounds in Functional Meat Products. Molecules 2018; 23:E307. [PMID: 29385097 PMCID: PMC6017222 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23020307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2017] [Revised: 01/20/2018] [Accepted: 01/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Meat and meat products are a good source of bioactive compounds with positive effect on human health such as vitamins, minerals, peptides or fatty acids. Growing food consumer awareness and intensified global meat producers competition puts pressure on creating new healthier meat products. In order to meet these expectations, producers use supplements with functional properties for animal diet and as direct additives for meat products. In the presented work seven groups of key functional constituents were chosen: (i) fatty acids; (ii) minerals; (iii) vitamins; (iv) plant antioxidants; (v) dietary fibers; (vi) probiotics and (vii) bioactive peptides. Each of them is discussed in term of their impact on human health as well as some quality attributes of the final products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewelina Pogorzelska-Nowicka
- Department of Technique and Food Development, Faculty of Human Nutrition and Consumer Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (WULS-SGGW), Warsaw, Nowoursynowska Street 159c, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Atanas G Atanasov
- Institute of Genetics and Animal Breeding, Polish Academy of Sciences, 05-552 Jastrzębiec, Poland.
- Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Vienna, Althanstrasse 14, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
| | - Jarosław Horbańczuk
- Institute of Genetics and Animal Breeding, Polish Academy of Sciences, 05-552 Jastrzębiec, Poland.
| | - Agnieszka Wierzbicka
- Department of Technique and Food Development, Faculty of Human Nutrition and Consumer Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (WULS-SGGW), Warsaw, Nowoursynowska Street 159c, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland.
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8
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Gómez I, Sarriés MV, Ibañez FC, Beriain MJ. Quality Characteristics of a Low-Fat Beef Patty Enriched by Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids and Vitamin D 3. J Food Sci 2018; 83:454-463. [PMID: 29350749 DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.14043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2017] [Revised: 11/22/2017] [Accepted: 12/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Olive and linseed oils have high contents of oleic acid and n-3 fatty acids (FA), respectively. Vitamin D3 , an essential nutrient, is in low contents in meat. This study investigated the potential application of olive and linseed oils' mixture as a backfat replacer, and vitamin D3 as a supplement, in order to develop a product enriched by polyunsaturated FAs and vitamin D3 . Two treatments were manufactured: conventional (C: 0% emulsion, 0 μg vitamin D3 /100 g product) and modified (M: 10.9% emulsion/, 8.3 μg vitamin D3 /100 g product). The quality characteristics and cooking effects on the FA and vitamin D3 contents were assessed. The sensory properties of cooked patties were not affected by olive and linseed oils' mixture (P > 0.05). The instrumental textural parameters were lower in cooked M patties (P < 0.01), except springiness (P = 0.766) that was not affected by formulation. The contents of α-linoleic acid in M patty were 19-fold higher than those from C patty. The contents of n-3 and n-6 were higher in M patty (P < 0.05) than in C patty. Although cooking decreased the content of vitamin D3 in M patty (6.7 compared with 5.2 μg/100 g product), considerable increments were achieved compared to C patty. PRACTICAL APPLICATION There is an increasing demand of consumers for healthier meat products; therefore, the improvement of their nutritional profile without negatively affecting quality characteristics is key factor for meat sector. This study emphasizes the feasibility of using the combination of olive and linseed oils' mixture and vitamin D3 to yield new meat products with high contents of polyunsaturated fatty acids and vitamin D3 . The effectiveness of combination of oils mixture and vitamin D3 tested in this study is proven and the high contribution of vitamin D3 and some fatty acids of nutritional interest identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inmaculada Gómez
- Authors are with Research Inst. for Innovation & Sustainable Development in Food Chain (IS-FOOD), Univ. Pública de Navarra, Campus Arrosadía, 31006 Pamplona, Spain
| | - María Victoria Sarriés
- Authors are with Research Inst. for Innovation & Sustainable Development in Food Chain (IS-FOOD), Univ. Pública de Navarra, Campus Arrosadía, 31006 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Francisco C Ibañez
- Authors are with Research Inst. for Innovation & Sustainable Development in Food Chain (IS-FOOD), Univ. Pública de Navarra, Campus Arrosadía, 31006 Pamplona, Spain
| | - María José Beriain
- Authors are with Research Inst. for Innovation & Sustainable Development in Food Chain (IS-FOOD), Univ. Pública de Navarra, Campus Arrosadía, 31006 Pamplona, Spain
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9
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Safety evaluation of dietary levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D 3 in growing calves. Food Chem Toxicol 2018; 111:641-649. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2017.11.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2017] [Revised: 11/26/2017] [Accepted: 11/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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10
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Duffy SK, O'Doherty JV, Rajauria G, Clarke LC, Cashman KD, Hayes A, O'Grady MN, Kerry JP, Kelly AK. Cholecalciferol supplementation of heifer diets increases beef vitamin D concentration and improves beef tenderness. Meat Sci 2017; 134:103-110. [DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2017.07.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2017] [Revised: 07/25/2017] [Accepted: 07/29/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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11
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Lucherk LW, O'Quinn TG, Legako JF, Rathmann RJ, Brooks JC, Miller MF. Assessment of objective measures of beef steak juiciness and their relationships to sensory panel juiciness ratings1,2. J Anim Sci 2017; 95:2421-2437. [DOI: 10.2527/jas.2016.0930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Półtorak A, Moczkowska M, Wyrwisz J, Wierzbicka A. Beef Tenderness Improvement by Dietary Vitamin D 3 Supplementation in the Last Stage of Fattening of Cattle. J Vet Res 2017; 61:59-67. [PMID: 29978056 PMCID: PMC5894400 DOI: 10.1515/jvetres-2017-0008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2016] [Accepted: 03/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Tenderness is the most important characteristic of meat, determining consumer approval. There are numerous methods of its improvement, although of diverse effectiveness. addition of vitamin D3 to the feed for a short period before slaughter (7–10 days) is one of the natural ways to enhance the tenderness. Vitamin D3 is responsible for Ca2+ mobilisation in serum and increase in activity of proteolytic enzymes belonging to calpains, which results in significant improvement of beef tenderness and reduction of ageing time. The use of vitamin D3 is an application tool determining tenderness improvement of beef with substantial reduction in processing costs. Moreover, shorter post mortem ageing process will exceed the retail display time, which will consequently reduce losses due to unsold meat being returned from shops to the manufacturers. Based on the results of studies conducted over the last 15 years, this paper presents the possibility and the effects of the use of vitamin D3 to improve beef tenderness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrzej Półtorak
- Department of Technique and Food Development, Warsaw University of Life Science, 02-776 Warsaw Poland
| | - Małgorzata Moczkowska
- Department of Technique and Food Development, Warsaw University of Life Science, 02-776 Warsaw Poland
| | - Jarosław Wyrwisz
- Department of Technique and Food Development, Warsaw University of Life Science, 02-776 Warsaw Poland
| | - Agnieszka Wierzbicka
- Department of Technique and Food Development, Warsaw University of Life Science, 02-776 Warsaw Poland
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13
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Wilkens MR, Maté LM, Schnepel N, Klinger S, Muscher-Banse AS, Ballent M, Virkel G, Lifschitz AL. Influence of 25-hydroxyvitamin D 3 and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D 3 on expression of P-glycoprotein and cytochrome P450 3A in sheep. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2016; 164:271-276. [PMID: 26319202 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2015.08.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2015] [Revised: 08/13/2015] [Accepted: 08/17/2015] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
In order to improve calcium and phosphorus balance, beef cattle and dairy cows can be supplemented with vitamin D. However, different vitamin D metabolites have been shown to increase expression of P-glycoprotein (P-gp, MDR1, ABCB1) and cytochrome P450 3A (CYP3A) in rodents as well as in cell culture systems. As such interferences might have an impact on pharmacokinetics of some drugs widely-used in veterinary medicine, we investigated the expression of P-gp, CYP3A, vitamin D receptor (VDR), pregnane X receptor (PXR) and retinoid X receptor α (RXRα) in sheep either treated orally with 6μg/kg body weight (BW) 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 (OHD3) for ten days before sacrifice or 12h after intravenous injection of 0.5μg/kg BW 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25- (OH)2D3). Down-regulation of ruminal, jejunal and hepatic, but not renal P-gp could be found with 25-OHD3 supplementation. Interestingly, this effect on P-gp was not observed in tissues from 1,25-(OH)2D3-treated sheep. In contrast, 1,25-(OH)2D3 induced a significant up-regulation of renal and jejunal CYP3A expression, while 25-OHD3 had no impact. Renal expression of VDR and PXR was also increased by treatment with 1,25-(OH)2D3, while jejunal PXR expression was only stimulated in sheep supplemented with 25-OHD3. Either treatments increased renal, but not ruminal, jejunal or hepatic expression of RXRα. These results demonstrate that the impact of large doses of vitamin D metabolites on different target organs and potential interactions with other medications should be further investigated in vitro and in vivo to understand the effects of vitamin D metabolites on metabolism and excretion pathways in livestock.
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Affiliation(s)
- M R Wilkens
- Department of Physiology, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation, 30173 Hannover, Germany.
| | - L M Maté
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmacology, Center of Veterinary Research (CIVETAN, CONICET) Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, UNCPBA, B7000 Tandil, Argentina
| | - N Schnepel
- Department of Physiology, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation, 30173 Hannover, Germany
| | - S Klinger
- Department of Physiology, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation, 30173 Hannover, Germany
| | - A S Muscher-Banse
- Department of Physiology, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation, 30173 Hannover, Germany
| | - M Ballent
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmacology, Center of Veterinary Research (CIVETAN, CONICET) Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, UNCPBA, B7000 Tandil, Argentina
| | - G Virkel
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmacology, Center of Veterinary Research (CIVETAN, CONICET) Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, UNCPBA, B7000 Tandil, Argentina
| | - A L Lifschitz
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmacology, Center of Veterinary Research (CIVETAN, CONICET) Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, UNCPBA, B7000 Tandil, Argentina
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14
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Knobel-Graves SM, Brooks JC, Johnson BJ, Starkey JD, Beckett JL, Hodgen JM, Hutcheson JP, Streeter MN, Thomas CL, Rathmann RJ, Garmyn AJ, Miller MF. Effect of vitamin D3, zilpaterol hydrochloride supplementation, and postmortem aging on shear force measurements of three muscles in finishing beef steers1,2. J Anim Sci 2016; 94:2637-47. [DOI: 10.2527/jas.2015-0121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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15
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RAFALSKA UK. Influence of dietary vitamin D3 supplementation on the sarcomere length,Warner–Bratzler shear force, shortening of ageing time, and sensory acceptanceof culinary beef muscles. TURKISH JOURNAL OF VETERINARY & ANIMAL SCIENCES 2016. [DOI: 10.3906/vet-1506-28] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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16
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Jiang S, Jiang Z, Yang K, Chen F, Zheng C, Wang L. Dietary vitamin D3 requirement of Chinese yellow-feathered broilers. Poult Sci 2015. [DOI: 10.3382/ps/pev163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
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17
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Ren L, Zuo J, Li G, Zheng L, Zhang Z, Ye H, Xia W I, Feng D. EFFECTS OF THE COMBINATION OF NON-PHYTATE PHOSPHORUS, PHYTASE AND 25-HYDROXYCHOLECALCIFEROL ON THE PERFORMANCE AND MEAT QUALITY OF BROILER CHICKENS. BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF POULTRY SCIENCE 2015. [DOI: 10.1590/1516-635x1703371-380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- L Ren
- South China Agriculture University, China; Guangdong Ocean University, China
| | - J Zuo
- South China Agriculture University, China
| | - G Li
- South China Agriculture University, China
| | - L Zheng
- South China Agriculture University, China
| | - Z Zhang
- South China Agriculture University, China
| | - H Ye
- South China Agriculture University, China
| | - I Xia W
- South China Agriculture University, China
| | - D Feng
- South China Agriculture University, China
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Girgis CM, Baldock PA, Downes M. Vitamin D, muscle and bone: Integrating effects in development, aging and injury. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2015; 410:3-10. [PMID: 25837735 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2015.03.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2014] [Revised: 03/24/2015] [Accepted: 03/24/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Beyond the established effects of muscle loading on bone, a complex network of hormones and growth factors integrates these adjacent tissues. One such hormone, vitamin D, exerts broad-ranging effects in muscle and bone calcium handling, differentiation and development. Vitamin D also modulates muscle and bone-derived hormones, potentially facilitating cross-talk between these tissues. In the clinical setting, vitamin D deficiency or mutations of the vitamin D receptor result in generalized atrophy of muscle and bone, suggesting coordinated effects of vitamin D at these sites. In this review, we discuss emerging evidence that vitamin D exerts specific effects throughout the life of the musculoskeletal system - in development, aging and injury. From this holistic viewpoint, we offer new insights into an old debate: whether vitamin D's effects in the musculoskeletal system are direct via local VDR signals or indirect via its systemic effects in calcium and phosphate homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian M Girgis
- Westmead Millennium Institute for Medical Research, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Faculty of Medicine, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
| | - Paul A Baldock
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Circumstantial evidence suggests that vitamin D deficiency may contribute to age-related changes in skeletal muscle. This review discusses recent clinical trials examining effects of vitamin D on muscle function in the elderly, and poses the important question: can vitamin D reverse muscle ageing? RECENT FINDINGS Observational studies report an association between vitamin D and muscle atrophy/weakness in elderly subjects. Interventional studies suggest that frail, elderly subjects may benefit from vitamin D supplementation by displaying reduced falls, improved muscle function and increased muscle fibre size. However, meta-analyses do not report convincing effects of vitamin D in the elderly. This may be because of multiple factors including lack of standardized endpoints for muscle function, variable study design and different doses of vitamin D supplementation amongst these studies. The evidence base is therefore inconsistent. SUMMARY Vitamin D deficiency may exacerbate ageing of skeletal muscle. However, current evidence that vitamin D supplementation reverses age-related muscle dysfunction is equivocal and does not justify stringent vitamin D targets in the elderly. Until these issues are clarified, the safest option is to aim for conservative vitamin D targets that are sufficient for normal calcium homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian M Girgis
- aGarvan Institute of Medical Research bFaculty of Medicine, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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Bendik I, Friedel A, Roos FF, Weber P, Eggersdorfer M. Vitamin D: a critical and essential micronutrient for human health. Front Physiol 2014; 5:248. [PMID: 25071593 PMCID: PMC4092358 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2014.00248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 125] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2014] [Accepted: 06/14/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Vitamin D is a micronutrient that is needed for optimal health throughout the whole life. Vitamin D3 (cholecalciferol) can be either synthesized in the human skin upon exposure to the UV light of the sun, or it is obtained from the diet. If the photoconversion in the skin due to reduced sun exposure (e.g., in wintertime) is insufficient, intake of adequate vitamin D from the diet is essential to health. Severe vitamin D deficiency can lead to a multitude of avoidable illnesses; among them are well-known bone diseases like osteoporosis, a number of autoimmune diseases, many different cancers, and some cardiovascular diseases like hypertension are being discussed. Vitamin D is found naturally in only very few foods. Foods containing vitamin D include some fatty fish, fish liver oils, and eggs from hens that have been fed vitamin D and some fortified foods in countries with respective regulations. Based on geographic location or food availability adequate vitamin D intake might not be sufficient on a global scale. The International Osteoporosis Foundation (IOF) has collected the 25-hydroxy-vitamin D plasma levels in populations of different countries using published data and developed a global vitamin D map. This map illustrates the parts of the world, where vitamin D did not reach adequate 25-hydroxyvitamin D plasma levels: 6.7% of the papers report 25-hydroxyvitamin D plasma levels below 25 nmol/L, which indicates vitamin D deficiency, 37.3% are below 50 nmol/Land only 11.9% found 25-hydroxyvitamin D plasma levels above 75 nmol/L target as suggested by vitamin D experts. The vitamin D map is adding further evidence to the vitamin D insufficiency pandemic debate, which is also an issue in the developed world. Besides malnutrition, a condition where the diet does not match to provide the adequate levels of nutrients including micronutrients for growth and maintenance, we obviously have a situation where enough nutrients were consumed, but lacked to reach sufficient vitamin D micronutrient levels. The latter situation is known as hidden hunger. The inadequate vitamin D status impacts on health care costs, which in turn could result in significant savings, if corrected. Since little is known about the effects on the molecular level that accompany the pandemic like epigenetic imprinting, the insufficiency-triggered gene regulations or the genetic background influence on the body to maintain metabolic resilience, future research will be needed. The nutrition community is highly interested in the molecular mechanism that underlies the vitamin D insufficiency caused effect. In recent years, novel large scale technologies have become available that allow the simultaneous acquisition of transcriptome, epigenome, proteome, or metabolome data in cells of organs. These important methods are now used for nutritional approaches summarized in emerging scientific fields of nutrigenomics, nutrigenetics, or nutriepigenetics. It is believed that with the help of these novel concepts further understanding can be generated to develop future sustainable nutrition solutions to safeguard nutrition security.
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Affiliation(s)
- Igor Bendik
- Human Nutrition and Health (IB, AF, FFR), and Nutrition Science & Advocacy (PW, ME), DSM Nutritional Products Ltd. Basel, Switzerland
| | - Angelika Friedel
- Human Nutrition and Health (IB, AF, FFR), and Nutrition Science & Advocacy (PW, ME), DSM Nutritional Products Ltd. Basel, Switzerland
| | - Franz F Roos
- Human Nutrition and Health (IB, AF, FFR), and Nutrition Science & Advocacy (PW, ME), DSM Nutritional Products Ltd. Basel, Switzerland
| | - Peter Weber
- Human Nutrition and Health (IB, AF, FFR), and Nutrition Science & Advocacy (PW, ME), DSM Nutritional Products Ltd. Basel, Switzerland
| | - Manfred Eggersdorfer
- Human Nutrition and Health (IB, AF, FFR), and Nutrition Science & Advocacy (PW, ME), DSM Nutritional Products Ltd. Basel, Switzerland
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DiGiacomo K, Leury BJ, Dunshea FR. Potential nutritional strategies for the amelioration or prevention of high rigor temperature in cattle – a review. ANIMAL PRODUCTION SCIENCE 2014. [DOI: 10.1071/an13303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Environmental conditions influence animal production from an animal performance perspective and at the carcass level post-slaughter. High rigor temperature occurs when the animal is hyperthermic pre-slaughter, and this leads to tougher meat. Hyperthermia can result from increased environmental temperature, exercise, stress or a combination of these factors. Consumer satisfaction with beef meat is influenced by the visual and sensory traits of the product when raw and cooked, with beef consumers commonly selecting tenderness of the product as the most important quality trait. High rigor temperature leads to a reduction in carcass and eating quality. This review examines some possible metabolic causes of hyperthermia, with focus on the importance of adipose tissue metabolism and the roles of insulin and leptin. Potential strategies for the amelioration or prevention of high rigor temperature are offered, including the use of dietary supplements such as betaine and chromium, anti-diabetic agents such as thiazolidinediones, vitamin D, and magnesium (Mg) to provide stress relief.
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Abstract
Humans derive most vitamin D from the action of sunlight in their skin. However, in view of the current Western lifestyle with most daily activities taking place indoors, sun exposure is often not sufficient for adequate vitamin D production. For this reason, dietary intake is also of great importance. Animal foodstuffs (e.g., fish, meat, offal, egg, dairy) are the main sources for naturally occurring cholecalciferol (vitamin D-3). This paper therefore aims to provide an up-to-date overview of vitamin D-3 content in various animal foods. The focus lies on the natural vitamin D-3 content because there are many countries in which foods are not regularly fortified with vitamin D. The published data show that the highest values of vitamin D are found in fish and especially in fish liver, but offal also provides considerable amounts of vitamin D. The content in muscle meat is generally much lower. Vitamin D concentrations in egg yolks range between the values for meat and offal. If milk and dairy products are not fortified, they are normally low in vitamin D, with the exception of butter because of its high fat content. However, as recommendations for vitamin D intake have recently been increased considerably, it is difficult to cover the requirements solely by foodstuffs.
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Korn KT, Lemenager RP, Claeys MC, Engstrom M, Schoonmaker JP. Supplemental vitamin D3 and zilpaterol hydrochloride. I. Effect on performance, carcass traits, tenderness, and vitamin D metabolites of feedlot steers1. J Anim Sci 2013; 91:3322-31. [PMID: 23798522 DOI: 10.2527/jas.2012-5960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- K. T. Korn
- Department of Animal Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907
| | - R. P. Lemenager
- Department of Animal Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907
| | - M. C. Claeys
- Department of Animal Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907
| | - M. Engstrom
- Department of Animal Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907
| | - J. P. Schoonmaker
- Department of Animal Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907
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Korn KT, Lemenager RP, Claeys MC, Waddell JN, Engstrom M, Schoonmaker JP. Supplemental vitamin D3 and zilpaterol hydrochloride. II. Effect on calcium concentration, muscle fiber type, and calpain gene expression of feedlot steers1. J Anim Sci 2013; 91:3332-40. [PMID: 23798523 DOI: 10.2527/jas.2012-5962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- K. T. Korn
- Department of Animal Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907; and
| | - R. P. Lemenager
- Department of Animal Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907; and
| | - M. C. Claeys
- Department of Animal Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907; and
| | - J. N. Waddell
- Department of Animal Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907; and
| | - M. Engstrom
- DSM Nutritional Products, Parsippany, NJ 07054
| | - J. P. Schoonmaker
- Department of Animal Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907; and
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Lobo-Jr. A, Delgado E, Mourão G, Pedreira A, Berndt A, Demarchi J. Interaction of dietary vitamin D3 and sunlight exposure on B. indicus cattle: Animal performance, carcass traits, and meat quality. Livest Sci 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.livsci.2012.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Effect of dietary beta-agonist treatment, vitamin D3 supplementation and electrical stimulation of carcasses on colour and drip loss of steaks from feedlot steers. Meat Sci 2012; 90:607-12. [DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2011.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2011] [Revised: 10/03/2011] [Accepted: 10/03/2011] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Edrington TS, Farrow RL, Mackinnon KM, Callaway TR, Anderson RC, Nisbet DJ. Influence of vitamin D on fecal shedding of Escherichia coli O157:H7 in naturally colonized cattle. J Food Prot 2012; 75:314-9. [PMID: 22289592 DOI: 10.4315/0362-028x.jfp-11-335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Three experiments were conducted to evaluate the influence of vitamin D on fecal shedding of Escherichia coli O157:H7 in cattle. In the first experiment, two groups of cattle (beef and dairy) were assigned to a control treatment or to receive 0.5 × 10(6) IU vitamin D per day via oral bolus for 10 days. Fecal samples were collected before and throughout the dosing period for culture of E. coli O157:H7. No differences were observed for fecal shedding of E. coli O157:H7 among treatments for either beef or dairy animals. Serum concentrations of vitamin D were markedly higher (P < 0.0001) in treated beef cattle but only tended to be higher (P = 0.09) in the dairy cattle. In the second experiment, three successive vitamin D dosages (2,400, 4,800, and 9,600 IU/day; 14 days each) were administered to 14 dairy steers (7 steers served as controls), fecal samples were collected daily, and serum samples were collected weekly throughout the 42-day experimental period. No significant differences in fecal prevalence or serum vitamin D concentrations were observed for any of the vitamin D dosages. A third experiment sampled feedlot cattle (winter and summer) to determine whether serum vitamin D concentrations were correlated with fecal shedding of E. coli O157:H7. A fecal sample and a blood sample were obtained in each season from 60 randomly selected animals (total of 120 fecal samples and 120 corresponding blood samples). As expected, season was highly correlated (r = 0.66) with serum vitamin D concentration with higher concentrations (P < 0.01) observed in the summer. E. coli O157:H7 prevalence (percentage of positive samples) was not highly correlated (r = 0.16) with season, although the correlation tended to be significant (P = 0.08). The proportion of cattle shedding E. coli O157:H7 was 16.7 and 6.7% for the summer and winter collections, respectively. Results of this research do not support a correlation between vitamin D intake and E. coli O157:H7 shedding in cattle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tom S Edrington
- U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Food and Feed Safety Research Unit, Southern Plains Agricultural Research Center, College Station, TX 77845, USA.
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The effect of vitamin D3 supplementation on texture and oxidative stability of beef loins from steers treated with zilpaterol hydrochloride. Meat Sci 2012; 90:145-51. [DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2011.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2011] [Revised: 06/09/2011] [Accepted: 06/11/2011] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Strydom P, Hope-Jones M, Frylinck L, Webb E. The effects of a beta-agonist treatment, Vitamin D3 supplementation and electrical stimulation on meat quality of feedlot steers. Meat Sci 2011; 89:462-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2011.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2011] [Revised: 05/03/2011] [Accepted: 05/13/2011] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Determination of vitamin D3 and 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 in foodstuffs by HPLC UV-DAD and LC–MS/MS. J Food Compost Anal 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2010.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Chan J, Jaceldo-Siegl K, Fraser GE. Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D status of vegetarians, partial vegetarians, and nonvegetarians: the Adventist Health Study-2. Am J Clin Nutr 2009; 89:1686S-1692S. [PMID: 19339396 PMCID: PMC2677010 DOI: 10.3945/ajcn.2009.26736x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vegans and other vegetarians who limit their intake of animal products may be at greater risk of vitamin D deficiency than nonvegetarians, because foods providing the highest amount of vitamin D per gram naturally are all from animal sources, and fortification with vitamin D currently occurs in few foods. OBJECTIVE We assessed serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [s25(OH)D] concentrations and factors affecting them in vegetarians, partial vegetarians, and nonvegetarians in a sample of calibration study subjects from the Adventist Health Study-2. DESIGN Food-frequency questionnaires and sun-exposure data were obtained from 199 black and 229 non-Hispanic white adults. We compared s25(OH)D concentration, dietary and supplemental vitamin D intake, and sun exposure in the different dietary groups. RESULTS We found no significant difference in s25(OH)D by vegetarian status for either white or black subjects. Among whites, dietary vitamin D intake and sun behavior were different between vegetarian groups, but there was no difference in skin type distribution. Among blacks, no significant differences were observed for any of these variables between vegetarian groups. The mean (+/-SD) s25(OH)D was higher in whites (77.1 +/- 10.33 nmol/L) than in blacks (50.7 +/- 27.4 nmol/L) (P < 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS s25(OH)D concentrations were not associated with vegetarian status. Other factors, such as vitamin D supplementation, degree of skin pigmentation, and amount and intensity of sun exposure have greater influence on s25(OH)D than does diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacqueline Chan
- Adventist Health Study-2, School of Public Health, Loma Linda University Loma Linda, CA, USA
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Han J, Yang X, Zhang T, Li H, Li W, Zhang Z, Yao J. Effects of 1α-hydroxycholecalciferol on growth performance, parameters of tibia and plasma, meat quality, and type IIb sodium phosphate cotransporter gene expression of one- to twenty-one-day-old broilers. Poult Sci 2009; 88:323-9. [DOI: 10.3382/ps.2008-00252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
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Carnagey KM, Huff-Lonergan EJ, Lonergan SM, Trenkle A, Horst RL, Beitz DC. Use of 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 and dietary calcium to improve tenderness of beef from the round of beef cows1,2. J Anim Sci 2008; 86:1637-48. [DOI: 10.2527/jas.2007-0406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Carnagey KM, Huff-Lonergan EJ, Trenkle A, Wertz-Lutz AE, Horst RL, Beitz DC. Use of 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 and vitamin E to improve tenderness of beef from the longissimus dorsi of heifers. J Anim Sci 2008; 86:1649-57. [PMID: 18344288 DOI: 10.2527/jas.2007-0502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of this trial was to determine whether a single bolus of 25-hydroxyvitamin D(3) (25-OH D(3)), vitamin E, or a combination of the 2 would improve the tenderness of steaks from the LM of beef heifers. Forty-eight Angus crossbred heifers were allotted randomly to 8 pens. Six heifers were in each pen, and there were 2 pens per treatment. The 4 treatments included control (no 25-OH D(3) or vitamin E); 25-OH D(3) (500 mg of 25-OH D(3) administered as a one-time oral bolus 7 d before slaughter); vitamin E (1,000 IU of vitamin E administered daily as a top-dress for 104 d before slaughter); or combination (500 mg of 25-OH D(3) administered as a one-time oral bolus 7 d before slaughter and 1,000 IU of vitamin E administered daily as a top-dress for 104 d before slaughter). Blood samples were obtained on the day that heifers were allotted to treatments, on the day 25-OH D(3) was administered, and on the day before slaughter. Plasma calcium concentration was increased when 25-OH D(3) was administered with or without vitamin E (P < 0.007). In LM, calcium concentration tended to increase (P = 0.10) when 25-OH D(3) was administered alone but not when 25-OH D(3) was administered with vitamin E. Concentrations of 25-OH D(3) and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D(3) in plasma were increased when 25-OH D(3) was administered with or without vitamin E (P < 0.001). Steaks from heifers treated with 25-OH D(3) or vitamin E, but not both, tended to have lower Warner-Bratzler shear force than steaks in the control group at 14 d postmortem (P = 0.08). Postmortem protein degradation as measured by Western blot of the 30-kDa degradation product of troponin-T was increased with all treatments after 3 d postmortem (P </= 0.07), but not at 7 or 14 d postmortem. Unexpectedly, the use of 500 mg of 25-OH D(3) fed as an oral bolus 7 d before slaughter or 1,000 IU of vitamin E administered daily for 104 d before slaughter alone, but not in combination, effectively decreased Warner-Bratzler shear force.
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Affiliation(s)
- K M Carnagey
- Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA
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Purchas R, Zou M, Pearce P, Jackson F. Concentrations of vitamin D3 and 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 in raw and cooked New Zealand beef and lamb. J Food Compost Anal 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2006.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Jakobsen J. Bioavailability and bioactivity of vitamin D3 active compounds – Which potency should be used for 25-hydroxyvitamin D3? ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ics.2006.08.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Tipton N, King D, Paschal J, Hale D, Savell J. Effects of oral vitamin D3 supplementation and supplement withdrawal on the accumulation of magnesium, calcium, and vitamin D in the serum, liver, and muscle tissue and subsequent carcass and meat quality of Bos indicus influenced cattle. Meat Sci 2007; 75:150-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2006.06.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2005] [Revised: 06/19/2006] [Accepted: 06/19/2006] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Rivera JD, Bachman SE, Hubbert ME, Branine ME, Horst RL, Williams SN, Galyean ML. Short communication: serum and tissue concentrations of vitamin D metabolites in beef heifers after buccal dosing of 25-hydroxyvitamin D3. J Dairy Sci 2005; 88:1364-9. [PMID: 15778304 DOI: 10.3168/jds.s0022-0302(05)72803-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Sixteen crossbred (British x Continental; average un-shrunk body weight = 507.9 kg; SD = 45.6 kg) beef heifers fed a steam-flaked corn-based finishing diet with melengestrol acetate (0.4 mg/heifer daily) included to suppress estrus were used in a completely random design to evaluate the efficacy of buccal administration of 0, 10, 100, or 1000 mg of 25-hydroxyvitamin D3, (25-OH D3). Serum Ca, P, Mg, 25-OH D3, 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D [1,25-(OH)2 D3], albumin, and protein were measured 24 h before dosing (-24 h), at dosing (0 h), and 6 and 24 h after dosing, after which the cattle were slaughtered at a commercial facility. Samples of kidneys, liver, longissimus lumborum, and triceps brachii were collected and evaluated for concentrations of 1,25-(OH)2 D3. With -24 and 0 h as baseline covariates, a significant time x treatment interaction was observed for serum 25-OH D3 and Ca concentrations, but not for serum 1,25-(OH)2 D3. Supplemental 25-OH D3 doses of 100 and 1000 mg significantly increased serum 25-OH D3 at 24 h after dosing, 1,25-(OH)2 D3 at 6 and 24 h after dosing, and serum Ca at 24 h after dosing. Similarly, buccal dosing of 1000 mg of supplemental 25-OH D3 significantly increased (approximately 2- to 3-fold) concentrations of 1,25-(OH)2 D3 in the kidney, liver, and longissimus lumborum relative to the other 3 treatments but not in triceps brachii. Serum albumin, protein, P, and Mg were not affected by treatment. Based on these results, buccal administration of 100 and 1000 mg 25-OH D3 increased vitamin D3 metabolites in serum and tissues, and it should be an effective method of delivering the vitamin.
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Affiliation(s)
- J D Rivera
- Department of Animal and Food Sciences, Box 42141, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, 79409-2141, USA
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Montgomery JL, Blanton JR, Horst RL, Galyean ML, Morrow KJ, Allen VG, Wester DB, Miller MF. Effect of supplemental vitamin D3 concentration on concentrations of calcium, phosphorus, and magnesium relative to protein in subcellular components of the longissimus and the distribution of calcium within longissimus muscle of beef steers12. J Anim Sci 2004; 82:2742-9. [PMID: 15452920 DOI: 10.2527/2004.8292742x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The effect of supplementing diets with various levels of vitamin D3 to provide 0, 0.5, 1, and 5 million IU/(steer x d) for 8 d before slaughter on the mineral content and localization of Ca in LM and muscle fragments was studied during the postmortem aging process. Twelve feedlot steers of three biological types were given access to the four levels of vitamin D for 8 d before slaughter. Differential centrifugation techniques were used to determine the concentrations of minerals relative to protein in different muscle fragments on d 3 and 21 postmortem. Electron microscopy visualization of bound Ca indicated that vitamin D3 mobilized Ca from the sarcoplasmic reticulum and transverse tubule system into the myofibrils. Bound Ca was concentrated near the Z-line at the A-band/I-band juncture within the sarcomere. Supplementing steers with 1 and 5 million IU/(steer x d) of vitamin D3 increased (P < 0.05) Ca, P, and Mg concentrations per unit of protein in the cytosol. Soluble cytosolic Ca concentrations were greater (P < 0.05) on d 21 than on d 3 postmortem only when steers were supplemented with 5 million IU/d. Concentrations of Ca, P, and Mg in isolated tissues were increased (P < 0.05) in nuclei and myofibrilar proteins by supplementing steers with 1 and 5 million IU/ (steer x d) of vitamin D3. All supplemental vitamin D3 treatments also increased (P < 0.001) Mg concentrations in the cytosol, regardless of aging treatment, and increased Mg concentrations (P < 0.04) within the mitochondria at d 3 postmortem. Thus, supplementation of feedlot steers with vitamin D3 at levels of 0.5 to 5 million IU/(steer x d) increased Ca concentrations within respiring muscle, resulting in increased bound tissue Ca concentrations. When the respiring muscle was converted to meat, the increased bound tissue Ca resulting from vitamin D3 treatment released Ca concentrations into the cytosol during aging (P < 0.05). Results of this study indicate that vitamin D3 supplementation increased total cytosolic Ca, P, and Mg concentrations in meat.
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Affiliation(s)
- J L Montgomery
- Department of Animal and Food Science, Texas Tech University, Lubbock 79409, USA
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Montgomery JL, Galyean ML, Horst RL, Morrow KJ, Blanton JR, Wester DB, Miller MF. Supplemental vitamin D3 concentration and biological type of beef steers. I. Feedlot performance and carcass traits1. J Anim Sci 2004; 82:2050-8. [PMID: 15309952 DOI: 10.2527/2004.8272050x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Because of the Ca dependency of the calpains, oral supplementation of vitamin D3 (VITD) can increase the Ca content of muscle to activate the calpains and improve tenderness. Feedlot steers (n = 142) were arranged in a 4 x 3 factorial arrangement consisting of four levels of VITD (0, 0.5, 1, and 5 million IU/[steer x d]) for eight consecutive days antemortem using three biological types (Bos indicus, Bos taurus-Continental, and Bos taurus-English). Feedlot performance factors of ADG, DMI, and G:F were measured, and carcass quality, yield, and color data were collected. Plasma Ca and P concentrations were measured during d 4 to 6 of supplementation and at exsanguination, and carcass pH and temperature were measured in the LM at 3 and 24 h postmortem. Vitamin D3 treatment at 5 million IU/(steer x d) decreased ADG (P < 0.05) over the supplementation and feed intake for the last 2 d of feeding compared with untreated control steers. Likewise, G:F was decreased (P = 0.03) in steers supplemented with 5 million IU/d compared with controls. Overall, there was a linear decrease (P < 0.01) in ADG and G:F as a result of VITD supplementation. Plasma concentrations of Ca and P were increased (P < 0.05) by VITD concentrations of 1 and 5 million IU/(steer x d). All VITD treatments increased (P < 0.05) LM temperature at 3 h postmortem and pH at 24 h postmortem. Vitamin D3 treatments did not affect (P = 0.07) any other carcass measurements, including USDA yield and quality grade; thus, any improvements in meat tenderness as a result of VITD supplementation can be made without adversely affecting economically important carcass factors. Biological type of cattle did not interact with VITD treatment for any carcass or feedlot performance trait. Although feeding 5 million IU/(steer x d) of VITD for eight consecutive days had negative effects on performance, supplementing VITD at 0.5 million IU/ (steer x d) did not significantly alter feedlot performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- J L Montgomery
- Department of Animal and Food Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA
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Montgomery JL, Blanton JR, Horst RL, Galyean ML, Morrow KJ, Wester DB, Miller MF. Effects of biological type of beef steers on vitamin D, calcium, and phosphorus status1. J Anim Sci 2004; 82:2043-9. [PMID: 15309951 DOI: 10.2527/2004.8272043x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Feedlot steers (n = 36) from three biological types (Bos indicus, Bos taurus-Continental, and Bos taurus-English) were used to determine the Ca, P, and vitamin D3 status of feedlot cattle. The USDA yield and quality grade traits were measured at slaughter, and the concentrations of vitamin D3 (VITD) and the metabolites 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 (25-OH D) and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25-(OH)2 D) were determined in LM, liver, kidney, and plasma. Plasma and muscle Ca and P concentrations also were determined. Biological type of cattle affected a number of carcass traits. Carcasses from Bos taurus-English cattle had more marbling, resulting in higher quality grades (P < 0.05). Carcasses from Bos taurus-Continental cattle had lower calculated yield grades (P < 0.05) than did carcasses from cattle in the other biological types. In general, differences in carcass traits resulting from biological type were consistent with other reports. Plasma and LM Ca and P concentrations were not affected (P = 0.06) by biological type of cattle, indicating that Ca and P homeostasis is a conserved trait across the different types of cattle. Plasma VITD and 25-OH D concentrations were not affected (P = 0.41) by biological type, whereas plasma 1,25-(OH)2 D concentration was lower (P < 0.05) in Bos taurus-English cattle than in Bos taurus-Continental and Bos indicus cattle. Liver VITD and 25-OH D were not affected by biological type (P = 0.76), but liver 1,25-(OH)2 D concentration was greater (P < 0.05) in Bos indicus cattle than in Bos taurus-Continental cattle. Kidney vitamin D metabolite concentrations were not affected by biological type of cattle (P = 0.21). Muscle VITD concentration was greater (P < 0.05) in Bos taurus-English cattle than in the other two biological types, and muscle 25-OH D concentrations were greater (P < 0.05) in Bos taurus-English cattle than in Bos indicus cattle. Muscle 1,25-(OH)2 D concentration was less (P < 0.05) in the Bos taurus-Continental cattle than in the other two biological types. Cooking eliminated vitamin D metabolite differences among the biological types. Our results suggest that Bos indicus cattle had greater 1,25-(OH)2 D (the biologically active form) in tissues, and greater 1,25-(OH)2 D plasma concentrations than Bos taurus cattle. Thus, the need for VITD supplementation and optimal levels of Ca and P in feedlot diets might differ between Bos indicus and Bos taurus cattle.
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Affiliation(s)
- J L Montgomery
- Department of Animal and Food Science, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA
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