1
|
Tarricone S, Tinelli A, Passantino G, Zizzo N, Rizzo A, Guaricci AC, Perillo A, Buonfrate V, Carbonari A, Colonna MA, Ragni M. Relationship between Fat Status, Stage of Gonadal Maturity and Hormonal Variation of Turdus philomelos (C.L. Brehm, 1831) Wintering in Apulia during 2018-2020. Animals (Basel) 2024; 14:215. [PMID: 38254384 PMCID: PMC10812614 DOI: 10.3390/ani14020215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Revised: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
In this study, we aimed to evaluate the development of the fattening condition and the reproductive status of the song thrush from December to February. For this purpose, the chemical and fatty acid compositions of the pectoral muscle were analyzed in relation to the fattening state of the birds. Moreover, their reproductive activity was evaluated via the anatomical and pathological examination of tissues and through the assessment of sex steroid profiles. One hundred ninety-five thrushes captured by local hunters during the 2018-2019 and 2019-2020 hunting seasons in different provinces of the Apulia region in Italy were used. The first step was the measurement of bird body mass, and the amount of subcutaneous body fat was estimated visually. During post-mortem examinations, the pectoral muscle was excised and used for chemical and fatty acid analysis and a hormone assay, respectively. Moreover, ovaries and testicles were evaluated to determine the degree of maturation and thus the reproductive status of the birds. The results regarding fattening status and fatty acid profile confirmed that in January-February, thrushes change their diet, increasing their intake of oleic acid, likely to better cope with low temperatures and prepare for long-distance migration. In both male and female thrushes, the concentrations of sex hormones confirmed a phase of reproductive quiescence from December to February, which was also confirmed through histological examination of the gonads.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Simona Tarricone
- Department of Soil, Plant and Food Science, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Via Amendola 165/A, 70125 Bari, Italy; (S.T.); (M.R.)
| | - Antonella Tinelli
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bari ’Aldo Moro’, S.P. per Casamassima km 3, 70010 Valenzano, Italy; (A.T.); (G.P.); (N.Z.); (A.R.); (A.C.G.); (V.B.)
| | - Giuseppe Passantino
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bari ’Aldo Moro’, S.P. per Casamassima km 3, 70010 Valenzano, Italy; (A.T.); (G.P.); (N.Z.); (A.R.); (A.C.G.); (V.B.)
| | - Nicola Zizzo
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bari ’Aldo Moro’, S.P. per Casamassima km 3, 70010 Valenzano, Italy; (A.T.); (G.P.); (N.Z.); (A.R.); (A.C.G.); (V.B.)
| | - Annalisa Rizzo
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bari ’Aldo Moro’, S.P. per Casamassima km 3, 70010 Valenzano, Italy; (A.T.); (G.P.); (N.Z.); (A.R.); (A.C.G.); (V.B.)
| | - Antonio Ciro Guaricci
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bari ’Aldo Moro’, S.P. per Casamassima km 3, 70010 Valenzano, Italy; (A.T.); (G.P.); (N.Z.); (A.R.); (A.C.G.); (V.B.)
| | - Antonella Perillo
- Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area, University of Bari ‘Aldo Moro’, S.P. per Casamassima km 3, 70010 Valenzano, Italy;
| | - Valeria Buonfrate
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bari ’Aldo Moro’, S.P. per Casamassima km 3, 70010 Valenzano, Italy; (A.T.); (G.P.); (N.Z.); (A.R.); (A.C.G.); (V.B.)
| | - Alice Carbonari
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bari ’Aldo Moro’, S.P. per Casamassima km 3, 70010 Valenzano, Italy; (A.T.); (G.P.); (N.Z.); (A.R.); (A.C.G.); (V.B.)
| | - Maria Antonietta Colonna
- Department of Soil, Plant and Food Science, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Via Amendola 165/A, 70125 Bari, Italy; (S.T.); (M.R.)
| | - Marco Ragni
- Department of Soil, Plant and Food Science, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Via Amendola 165/A, 70125 Bari, Italy; (S.T.); (M.R.)
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Che-Zulkifli CI, Akil MAMM, Amin-Safwan A, Mahsol HH, Al-Ghadi MQ, Swelum AA, Abd El-Hack ME, Tufarelli V, Ragni M, Eissa ESH. Growth, sex reversal pattern, and reproductive characteristics of Barramundi ( Lates calcarifer) broodstock candidates reared in floating cages. Anim Biotechnol 2023; 34:4126-4134. [PMID: 37830156 DOI: 10.1080/10495398.2023.2267621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
Sex reversal of male to female is a characteristic of barramundi (Lates calcarifer), which is affected by several factors, thereby changing the broodstock population. A study was conducted in floating cages in Langkawi, Malaysia, to determine the weight point at the onset of the sex reversal phenomena. A total of 75 female and 55 male adult individuals (3-4 weeks of age) were sampled from the fish cultured in cages to ascertain their sex at different weights. The water temperature and salinity values were 29.82 °C and 33.12 ppt, respectively. The specimens were classified into twelve bodyweight classes (2.00-8.00 ± 0.5 kg intervals). Female specimen body weight distribution was highest in the 6.01-6.50 kg class (22.6%), followed by the 5.51-6.00 kg and 4.51-5.00 class (13.3%), while male specimen body weight distribution was highest in the 4.51-5.00 kg class (32.1%), followed by the 4.01-4.50 kg class (30.3%). Length-to-weight relationships for females and males of Asian Seabass indicated positive allometric growth. The correlation between body weight and GSI, using Pearson's correlation, for both sexes, for the male and female barramundi, there was a weak correlation between body weight and GSI, which was 37 and 30%, respectively. Based on the present study's findings, it can be concluded that sex reversal from male to female in Barramundi largely occurred at 4.57 kg body weight and 66.8 cm total length.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Che Ismail Che-Zulkifli
- Crustacean Aquaculture Research Division, Fisheries Research Institute Pulau Sayak, Kota Kuala Muda, Malaysia
| | | | - Adnan Amin-Safwan
- Department of Applied Sciences and Agriculture, Tunku Abdul Rahman University of Management and Technology, Johor Branch, Segamat, Malaysia
| | - Hairul Hafiz Mahsol
- Conservation Biology Program, Faculty of Tropical Forestry, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Jalan UMS, Kota Kinabalu, Malaysia
| | - Muath Q Al-Ghadi
- Department of Zoology, College of Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ayman A Swelum
- Department of Animal Production, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Vincenzo Tufarelli
- Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Jonian Area, University of Bari 'Aldo Moro', Bari, Italy
| | - Marco Ragni
- Department of Soil, Plant and Food Sciences, University of Bari 'Aldo Moro', Bari, Italy
| | | |
Collapse
|
3
|
Khan RU, Naz S, Ullah H, Khan NA, Laudadio V, Ragni M, Piemontese L, Tufarelli V. Dietary vitamin D: growth, physiological and health consequences in broiler production. Anim Biotechnol 2023; 34:1635-1641. [PMID: 34923931 DOI: 10.1080/10495398.2021.2013861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Vitamins are needed in trace amounts in dietary formulations for poultry; however, they are critical for the health, maintenance, and performance of important body organs. Broilers have a lot of leg issues because of their rapid development and lack of exercise. Because of commercial broilers have limited access to direct sunlight, vitamin D supplementation in the feed is critical to reducing the risk of bone deformation and maximizing development. Vitamin D deficiency causes skeletal abnormalities, which may lead also to financial problems. The latest scientific findings on the source, metabolism, mechanisms of action, and functions of vitamin D in broilers are the subject of this review paper.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rifat Ullah Khan
- College of Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Sciences, The University of Agriculture, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Shabana Naz
- Department of Zoology, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Hammad Ullah
- College of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Abdulwali Khan University, Mardan, Pakistan
| | - Nazir Ahmad Khan
- Department of Animal Nutrition, Faculty of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Sciences, The University of Agriculture Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Vito Laudadio
- Department of DETO, Section of Veterinary Science and Animal Production, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy
| | - Marco Ragni
- Department of Agro-Environmental and Territorial Sciences, University of Bari 'Aldo Moro', Bari, Italy
| | - Luca Piemontese
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Tufarelli
- Department of DETO, Section of Veterinary Science and Animal Production, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Colonna MA, Karatosidi D, Cosentino C, Freschi P, Carbonara C, Giannico F, Losacco C, Tufarelli V, Tarricone S, Selvaggi M, Ragni M. Dietary Supplementation with Oregano and Linseed in Autochthonous "Facciuta Lucana" Goats: Effects on Meat Quality Traits in Suckling Kids. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:3050. [PMID: 37835657 PMCID: PMC10571778 DOI: 10.3390/ani13193050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Revised: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Extruded linseed (Linum usitatissimum) in ruminant diets has been investigated as a strategy to improve the nutritional value and healthiness of meat fat; however, increased polyunsaturated fatty acids may limit the shelf-life of meat. Oregano (Origanum vulgare) has a documented antioxidant activity. The aim of the study was to investigate the effects of dietary supplementation with extruded linseed and oregano on goat milk quality and whether the characteristics of goat milk affect the physical and chemical features, fatty acid profile, meat lipid oxidation, and sensory properties of meat from suckling kids. Thirty-six male kids were weaned and divided into three homogeneous groups (n = 12); each group was either fed a control diet (C), or a diet containing 3% extruded linseed with or without the addition of 0.6% oregano ("L + O" and "L", respectively). The diets containing linseed lowered (p < 0.05) the saturated fatty acid content in meat, and increased (p < 0.05) monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids and conjugated linoleic acid. Oregano addition to the linseed diet proved to be effective in preserving meat shelf-life, as shown by a significant (p < 0.01) reduction in the malondialdehyde concentration after 10 days of storage, and improved meat succulence, tenderness, juiciness, and overall acceptance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Antonietta Colonna
- Department of Soil, Plant and Food Science, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Via Amendola 165/A, 70125 Bari, Italy; (M.A.C.); (C.C.); (M.S.); (M.R.)
| | - Despoina Karatosidi
- Research Institute of Animal Science, Hellenic Agricultural Organization-DIMITRA, 58100 Giannitsa, Greece;
| | - Carlo Cosentino
- School of Agricultural, Forestry, Food, and Environmental Sciences, University of Basilicata, Viale dell’Ateneo Lucano, 10, 85100 Potenza, Italy; (C.C.); (P.F.)
| | - Pierangelo Freschi
- School of Agricultural, Forestry, Food, and Environmental Sciences, University of Basilicata, Viale dell’Ateneo Lucano, 10, 85100 Potenza, Italy; (C.C.); (P.F.)
| | - Claudia Carbonara
- Department of Soil, Plant and Food Science, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Via Amendola 165/A, 70125 Bari, Italy; (M.A.C.); (C.C.); (M.S.); (M.R.)
| | - Francesco Giannico
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70010 Bari, Italy
| | - Caterina Losacco
- Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Jonian Area, Section of Veterinary Science and Animal Production, University of Bari Aldo Moro, S.P. per Casamassima km 3, 70010 Valenzano, Italy; (C.L.); (V.T.)
| | - Vincenzo Tufarelli
- Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Jonian Area, Section of Veterinary Science and Animal Production, University of Bari Aldo Moro, S.P. per Casamassima km 3, 70010 Valenzano, Italy; (C.L.); (V.T.)
| | - Simona Tarricone
- Department of Soil, Plant and Food Science, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Via Amendola 165/A, 70125 Bari, Italy; (M.A.C.); (C.C.); (M.S.); (M.R.)
| | - Maria Selvaggi
- Department of Soil, Plant and Food Science, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Via Amendola 165/A, 70125 Bari, Italy; (M.A.C.); (C.C.); (M.S.); (M.R.)
| | - Marco Ragni
- Department of Soil, Plant and Food Science, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Via Amendola 165/A, 70125 Bari, Italy; (M.A.C.); (C.C.); (M.S.); (M.R.)
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Mincuzzi A, Picciotti U, Sanzani SM, Garganese F, Palou L, Addante R, Ragni M, Ippolito A. Postharvest Diseases of Pomegranate: Alternative Control Means and a Spiderweb Effect. J Fungi (Basel) 2023; 9:808. [PMID: 37623578 PMCID: PMC10456121 DOI: 10.3390/jof9080808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Revised: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The pomegranate is a fruit known since ancient times for its beneficial properties. It has recently aroused great interest in the industry and among consumers, leading to a significant increase in demand. Consequently, its cultivation has been boosted all over the world. The pomegranate crop suffers considerable yield losses, especially at the postharvest stage, because it is a "minor crop" with few permitted control means. To control latent (Alternaria spp., Botrytis spp., Coniella spp., Colletotrichum spp., and Cytospora spp.) and wound (Aspergillus spp., Penicillium spp., and Talaromyces spp.) fungal pathogens, different alternative compounds, previously evaluated in vitro, were tested in the field on pomegranate cv. Wonderful. A chitosan solution, a plant protein hydrolysate, and a red seaweed extract were compared with a chemical control treatment, all as preharvest (field application) and postharvest treatments and their combinations. At the end of the storage period, the incidence of stamen infections and external and internal rots, and the severity of internal decay were evaluated. Obtained data revealed that pre- and postharvest application of all substances reduced the epiphytic population on stamens. Preharvest applications of seaweed extract and plant hydrolysate were the most effective treatments to reduce the severity of internal pomegranate decays. Furthermore, the influence of spider (Cheiracanthium mildei) cocoons on the fruit calyx as a possible barrier against postharvest fungal pathogens was assessed in a 'Mollar de Elche' pomegranate organic orchard. Compared to no-cocoon fruit (control), the incidence of infected stamens and internal molds in those with spiderwebs was reduced by about 30%, and the mean severity of internal rots was halved. Spiderwebs analyzed via Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) disclosed a layered, unordered structure that did not allow for the passage of fungal spores due to its mean mesh size (1 to 20 µm ca). The aims of this research were (i) to evaluate alternative compounds useful to control postharvest pomegranate decays and (ii) to evaluate the effectiveness of spiders in reducing postharvest fungal infections by analyzing related mechanisms of action. Alternative control means proposed in the present work and calyx spider colonization may be helpful to reduce postharvest pomegranate diseases, yield losses, and waste production in an integrated control strategy, satisfying organic agriculture and the planned goals of Zero Hunger Challenge launched by the United Nations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Annamaria Mincuzzi
- Department of Soil, Plant, and Food Sciences, University of Bari Bari Aldo Moro, Via Amendola 165/A, 70126 Bari, Italy; (U.P.); (S.M.S.); (F.G.); (R.A.); (M.R.); (A.I.)
| | - Ugo Picciotti
- Department of Soil, Plant, and Food Sciences, University of Bari Bari Aldo Moro, Via Amendola 165/A, 70126 Bari, Italy; (U.P.); (S.M.S.); (F.G.); (R.A.); (M.R.); (A.I.)
- Department of Marine Science and Applied Biology, University of Alicante, 03690 Alicante, Spain
| | - Simona Marianna Sanzani
- Department of Soil, Plant, and Food Sciences, University of Bari Bari Aldo Moro, Via Amendola 165/A, 70126 Bari, Italy; (U.P.); (S.M.S.); (F.G.); (R.A.); (M.R.); (A.I.)
| | - Francesca Garganese
- Department of Soil, Plant, and Food Sciences, University of Bari Bari Aldo Moro, Via Amendola 165/A, 70126 Bari, Italy; (U.P.); (S.M.S.); (F.G.); (R.A.); (M.R.); (A.I.)
| | - Lluís Palou
- Pathology Laboratory, Postharvest Technology Center (CTP), Valencian Institute of Agrarian Research (IVIA), CV-315, Km 10.7, Montcada, 46113 Valencia, Spain;
| | - Rocco Addante
- Department of Soil, Plant, and Food Sciences, University of Bari Bari Aldo Moro, Via Amendola 165/A, 70126 Bari, Italy; (U.P.); (S.M.S.); (F.G.); (R.A.); (M.R.); (A.I.)
| | - Marco Ragni
- Department of Soil, Plant, and Food Sciences, University of Bari Bari Aldo Moro, Via Amendola 165/A, 70126 Bari, Italy; (U.P.); (S.M.S.); (F.G.); (R.A.); (M.R.); (A.I.)
| | - Antonio Ippolito
- Department of Soil, Plant, and Food Sciences, University of Bari Bari Aldo Moro, Via Amendola 165/A, 70126 Bari, Italy; (U.P.); (S.M.S.); (F.G.); (R.A.); (M.R.); (A.I.)
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Zaki A, Jiang S, Zaghloul S, El-Rayes TK, Saleh AA, Azzam MM, Ragni M, Alagawany M. Betaine as an alternative feed additive to choline and its effect on performance, blood parameters, and egg quality in laying hens rations. Poult Sci 2023; 102:102710. [PMID: 37148572 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2023.102710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Revised: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/08/2023] Open
Abstract
This research aimed to evaluate how using betaine levels as a choline substitute affects productive performance, egg quality parameters, fatty acids profile, and antioxidant status in laying hens. One hundred and forty brown chickens, 45 wk old, were divided into 4 groups, each group of 7 replicates with 5 chickens per replicate. The first group of diets with choline has control (A) 100% choline, the second group (B) 75% choline + 25% betaine, the third group (C) 50% choline + 50% betaine, and the fourth group (D) received 100% betaine. No significant effects were observed in final body weight (BW), body weight gain (BWG), egg production (EW), and feed intake (FI) for laying hens. In the diet in which betaine was replaced choline, egg mass (EM) and egg weight (EW) increased compared to the control group (P < 0.05). Also, after 12 wk of feeding, the egg quality parameters were not influenced; however, yolk color was increased significantly compared with the control group. Serum total cholesterol, LDL-lipoprotein, HDL-lipoprotein, triglyceride, glucose, aspartate transaminase (AST), and alanine transaminase (ALT) were not affected by replacing choline with betaine. Furthermore, liver malondialdehyde (MDA) content, yolk vitamin E, and fatty acid levels were not significantly affected by replacing choline with betaine. Moreover, hens fed betaine displayed an increased antibody titer of the Newcastle disease (ND) virus. EW and EM were increased by 3.50% and 5.43% in 100% betaine group (D) when compared to the control group. Isthmus weight was decreased by 48.28 % in 50% choline + 50% betaine group (C) when compared to the control group. ND was increased by 26.24% in 100% betaine group when compared to the control group. In conclusion, betaine supplementation positively affected productive performance, egg quality measurements, and immunity response in Bovans brown laying hens.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aisha Zaki
- Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Tanta University, Tanta 333516, Egypt
| | - Shouqun Jiang
- Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Breeding, Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Guangzhou 510640, Guangdong, China.
| | - Saad Zaghloul
- Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Tanta University, Tanta 333516, Egypt
| | - Talaat K El-Rayes
- Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Tanta University, Tanta 333516, Egypt
| | - Ahmed A Saleh
- Department of Poultry Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh 33516, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud Mostafa Azzam
- Department of Animal Production College of Food & Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Marco Ragni
- Department of Soil, Plant and Food Sciences, University of Bari 'Aldo Moro', 70126 Bari, Italy
| | - Mahmoud Alagawany
- Poultry Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Janmohammadi H, Hosseintabar-Ghasemabad B, Oliyai M, Alijani S, Gorlov IF, Slozhenkina MI, Mosolov AA, Suarez Ramirez L, Seidavi A, Laudadio V, Tufarelli V, Ragni M. Effect of Dietary Amaranth ( Amaranthus hybridus chlorostachys) Supplemented with Enzyme Blend on Egg Quality, Serum Biochemistry and Antioxidant Status in Laying Hens. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12020456. [PMID: 36830014 PMCID: PMC9952584 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12020456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023] Open
Abstract
A feeding trial was performed to assess the effects of dietary raw amaranth (Amaranthus hybridus chlorostachys) grain (RAG), with or without an enzyme blend, on the productive performance, blood biochemistry, and antioxidant status in laying hens. The trial was conducted following a completely randomized design by factorial method, including five levels of RAG (0, 10, 20, 30, and 40%, respectively) and two levels of enzyme blend (0 -E and 0.025 +E %). A total of 960 White Leghorn (Hy-line W-36) laying hens (56 weeks of age) were divided into 10 groups with eight repetitions, including 12 birds. The trial period was ten weeks. Results showed that RAG levels in feed (>10%) led to a significant decrease in blood total cholesterol (TC), but they also significantly decreased feed conversion ratio (FCR) (p ˂ 0.05) as measured by feed intake (FI), hen daily production (HDP), egg weight (EW), and mass (EM), leading to overall worse productivity compared to the control group. On the contrary, the addition of the enzyme blend led to an improvement in the investigated production traits (p ˂ 0.05), with the exception of HDP. The enzyme blend was also capable of recovering productive performance when combined with low concentrations of RAG (10%) (p ˂ 0.05), and RAG × enzyme blend groups showed the lowest values of TC (p ˂ 0.05). Moreover, the interaction effects for atherogenic index (LDL/HDL) indicated a significant and promising reduction in response to the addition of RAG both in the presence and absence of the enzyme blend (p ˂ 0.05), and this additive also significantly reduced levels of egg yolk cholesterol (p ˂ 0.05). In summary, the evidence gathered in this trial showed that dietary RAG had positive effects on egg quality characteristics, leading to the production of low-cholesterol eggs, and, at the same time, it may improve the health status of laying hens. Furthermore, the addition of an enzyme blend allowed feeding up to 10% RAG in the diet, leading to an optimal balance between animal productivity and the beneficial effects of RAG.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hossein Janmohammadi
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Tabriz 51666-16471, Iran
| | | | - Majid Oliyai
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Tabriz 51666-16471, Iran
| | - Sadegh Alijani
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Tabriz 51666-16471, Iran
| | - Ivan Fedorovich Gorlov
- Volga Region Research Institute of Manufacture and Processing of Meat-and-Milk Production, 400131 Volgograd, Russia
| | - Marina Ivanovna Slozhenkina
- Volga Region Research Institute of Manufacture and Processing of Meat-and-Milk Production, 400131 Volgograd, Russia
| | | | - Lourdes Suarez Ramirez
- Department of Animal Pathology, Animal Production, Bromatology and Food Technology, Veterinary Faculty, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, 35412 Arucas, Spain
| | - Alireza Seidavi
- Department of Animal Science, Rasht Branch, Islamic Azad University, Rasht 41335-3516, Iran
| | - Vito Laudadio
- Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Jonian Area, University of Bari ‘Aldo Moro’, Valenzano, 70010 Bari, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Tufarelli
- Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Jonian Area, University of Bari ‘Aldo Moro’, Valenzano, 70010 Bari, Italy
- Correspondence:
| | - Marco Ragni
- Department of Soil, Plant and Food Sciences, University of Bari ‘Aldo Moro’, 70126 Bari, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Tarricone S, Iaffaldano N, Colonna MA, Giannico F, Selvaggi M, Caputi Jambrenghi A, Cariglia M, Ragni M. Effects of Dietary Red Grape Extract on the Quality Traits in Juvenile European Sea Bass ( Dicentrarchus labrax L.). Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:ani13020254. [PMID: 36670794 PMCID: PMC9854464 DOI: 10.3390/ani13020254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Revised: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Intensive fish farming is responsible for the occurrence of various stressors that negatively affect the health of cultured animals. Polyphenols are plant-derived compounds with biological activities and positive influences on the performances and immunity of fish. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of dietary inclusion of a polyphenol extract obtained from Nero di Troia red grape on the quality of farmed sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) fillets. Three diets were tested: control (n = 90) received a conventional feed, whereas the two experimental groups (n = 90 each) received the control feed supplemented with the red grape polyphenol extract (GPE) at the concentration of 100 (GPE 100) or 200 mg/kg (GPE 200). The two GPE diets lowered (p < 0.05) the red (a *) and yellow (b *) indexes, fillet hardness, and total lipid content. Chewiness, concentration of saturated fatty acids, and the Atherogenic Index were higher (p < 0.05) in the control group; GPE diets increased (p < 0.05) the polyunsaturated fatty acids content. Furthermore, the concentration of malondialdehyde was lower (p < 0.05) in fillets of the GPE groups, thus confirming the antioxidant effect of the red grape extract and its effectiveness in preventing lipid oxidation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Simona Tarricone
- Department of Soil, Plant and Food Sciences, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Nicolaia Iaffaldano
- Department of Agricultural, Environmental and Food Science, University of Molise, 86100 Campobasso, Italy
| | - Maria Antonietta Colonna
- Department of Soil, Plant and Food Sciences, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70125 Bari, Italy
- Correspondence:
| | - Francesco Giannico
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70010 Bari, Italy
| | - Maria Selvaggi
- Department of Soil, Plant and Food Sciences, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Anna Caputi Jambrenghi
- Department of Soil, Plant and Food Sciences, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Michela Cariglia
- Gargano Pesca Società Agricola Consortile Arl-Società Benefit, Porto Alti Fondali, 71043 Manfredonia, Italy
| | - Marco Ragni
- Department of Soil, Plant and Food Sciences, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70125 Bari, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Khan RU, Naz S, De Marzo D, Dimuccio MM, Bozzo G, Tufarelli V, Losacco C, Ragni M. Aloe vera: A Sustainable Green Alternative to Exclude Antibiotics in Modern Poultry Production. Antibiotics (Basel) 2022; 12:antibiotics12010044. [PMID: 36671245 PMCID: PMC9854562 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics12010044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Over the past 50 years, there has been a rapid increase in the need for poultry meat on a global scale to meet the rising demand from health, ecology, safety and equity. However, there has been a significant rise in recent years in both public demand and scientific interest for organic poultry farming, particularly when using medicinal herbs due to the rising concern of antibiotic resistance in end users. Ban on the use of antibiotics in the poultry industry has resulted in the demand of herbs as alternatives to antibiotics. Various research efforts have illustrated the nutritional value of Aloe vera in improving growth performance and immune status and acting as an antibacterial and anticoccidial agent in poultry. Aloe vera has been used as a supplement in the form of gel, alcoholic extract, powder, polysaccharide and aqueous extract. Aloe vera contains more than 200 nutrients, bioactive compounds, polysaccharides and saponins. In the current review, we have detailed the effect of Aloe vera as an alternative to antibiotics on growth performance, antimicrobial and antiparasitic activities and blood biochemical alternations in poultry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rifat Ullah Khan
- Faculty of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Sciences, College of Veterinary Sciences, The University of Agriculture, Peshawar 25000, Pakistan
| | - Shabana Naz
- Department of Zoology, Government College University, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Davide De Marzo
- Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Jonian Area, Section of Veterinary Science and Animal Production, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70010 Bari, Italy
| | - Michela M. Dimuccio
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70010 Bari, Italy
| | - Giancarlo Bozzo
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70010 Bari, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Tufarelli
- Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Jonian Area, Section of Veterinary Science and Animal Production, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70010 Bari, Italy
- Correspondence:
| | - Caterina Losacco
- Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Jonian Area, Section of Veterinary Science and Animal Production, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70010 Bari, Italy
| | - Marco Ragni
- Department of Soil, Plant and Food Science, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70126 Bari, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Brand D, Riesterer N, Ragni M. Model-Based Explanation of Feedback Effects in Syllogistic Reasoning. Top Cogn Sci 2022; 14:828-844. [PMID: 36057941 DOI: 10.1111/tops.12624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2021] [Revised: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
For decades, a significant number of models explaining human syllogistic inference processes were developed. There is profound work fitting the models' parameters and analyzing each model's ability to account for the data in order to support or reject the underlying theories. However, the model parameters are rarely used to extract explanations and hypotheses for phenomena that go beyond the original scope of the models. In this work, we apply three state-of-the-art models, the probability heuristics model (PHM), mReasoner, and TransSet, to data from reasoning experiments where participants received feedback for their conclusions. We derived hypotheses based on the models' explanations for the feedback effect and put these to the test by conducting an experiment targeting the hypotheses. The work contributes to the field in three ways: (a) the feedback effect could be replicated and was shown to be a robust effect; (b) we demonstrate the use of the model parameters in order to derive new hypotheses; (c) we present possible explanations for the feedback effect based on existing theories.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Marco Ragni
- Predictive Analytics, TU Chemnitz.,Cognitive Computation Lab, University of Freiburg
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Borukhson D, Lorenz-Spreen P, Ragni M. When Does an Individual Accept Misinformation? An Extended Investigation Through Cognitive Modeling. Comput Brain Behav 2022; 5:244-260. [PMID: 35578705 PMCID: PMC9093560 DOI: 10.1007/s42113-022-00136-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
A new phenomenon is the spread and acceptance of misinformation and disinformation on an individual user level, facilitated by social media such as Twitter. So far, state-of-the-art socio-psychological theories and cognitive models focus on explaining how the accuracy of fake news is judged on average, with little consideration of the individual. In this paper, a breadth of core models are comparatively assessed on their predictive accuracy for the individual decision maker, i.e., how well can models predict an individual’s decision before the decision is made. To conduct this analysis, it requires the raw responses of each individual and the implementation and adaption of theories to predict the individual’s response. Building on methods formerly applied on smaller and more limited datasets, we used three previously collected large datasets with a total of 3794 participants and searched for, analyzed and refined existing classical and heuristic modeling approaches. The results suggest that classical reasoning, sentiment analysis models and heuristic approaches can best predict the “Accept” or “Reject” response of a person, headed by a model put together from research by Jay Van Bavel, while other models such as an implementation of “motivated reasoning” performed worse. Further, hybrid models that combine pairs of individual models achieve a significant increase in performance, pointing to an adaptive toolbox.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David Borukhson
- Department for Computer Science, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Philipp Lorenz-Spreen
- Center for Adaptive Rationality, Max Planck Institute for Human Development, Berlin, Germany
| | - Marco Ragni
- Predictive Analytics, Technical University Chemnitz, Chemnitz, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Salem HM, Salaeh NM, Ragni M, Swelum AA, Alqhtani AH, Abd El-Hack ME, El-Saadony MT, Attia MM. Incidence of gastrointestinal parasites in pigeons with an assessment of the nematocidal activity of chitosan nanoparticles against Ascaridia columbae. Poult Sci 2022; 101:101820. [PMID: 35421816 PMCID: PMC9018452 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2022.101820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Revised: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
In this investigation, the incidence and intensity of gastrointestinal parasites of domestic pigeons were evaluated, additionally, in vitro and in vivo evaluation of the antiparasitic activity of chitosan nanoparticles against the most predominant gut parasite. Therefore, 240 domestic pigeons (160 adults and 80 squabs) obtained from different localities in Giza governorate, Egypt, from February to July 2021, were subjected to parasitological and postmortem examination. The results revealed that 97% of pigeons were vulnerable to single or mixed gastrointestinal parasites. The detected helminths were identified as Capillaria columbae (C. columbae) with a total incidence of (12.5%), Ascaridia columbae (A. columbae) (83.3.%), Heterakis gallinarum (H. gallinarum) (18.7%), Raillietina cesticillus (R. cesticillus) (7.5%), Raillietina echinobothrida (R. echinobothrida) (29%), Choanotaenia infundibulum (C. infundibulum) (22.9%), Davainea proglottina (D. proglottina) (26.6%), and Cotugnia proglottina (C. proglottina) (14.5%). At the same time, the identified protozoan parasites were Trichomonas gallinae (T. gallinae), and Eimeria columbae (E. columbae), with a total incidence of 25 and 79%, respectively. Helminths and Eimeria infections were higher in adults than squabs, while T. gallinae infection was reported with a higher incidence in squabs (62.5%) than adults (6.2%). From our findings, A. columbae was the most predominant gut parasite in the examined pigeons. Thus, it was subjected to in vitro and in vivo treatment with chitosan nanoparticles. Serum and tissue samples were collected from the birds which have been used in the in vitro study to evaluate the oxidative stress markers as malondialdehyde (MDA), Nitric oxide levels and Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha (TNF-α) and Interleukin-1β activity also, chitosan nanoparticles- treated worm ultrastructure were determined using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Finally, we recommend periodic monitoring of pigeon's farm to detect the parasitic infestation, and from our results, we recommend chitosan nanoparticles as a potent nematocidal agent.
Collapse
|
13
|
Khan RU, Naz S, Raziq F, Qudratullah Q, Khan NA, Laudadio V, Tufarelli V, Ragni M. Prospects of organic acids as safe alternative to antibiotics in broiler chickens diet. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2022; 29:32594-32604. [PMID: 35195862 PMCID: PMC9072444 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-19241-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Genetically, modern broilers are fast-growing birds which attain the market age at the age of 5 weeks. To maintain optimum production, antibiotics have been commonly included in the diets as growth promoters. However, due to the increase in antimicrobial resistance, their uses have been banned worldwide. To keep the optimum level of production and health in broiler industry, the use of alternative growth promoters such as probiotics, prebiotics, enzymes, and organic acids has been proposed. Chemically, organic acids are weak acids and only partially dissociate. They are considered safe and have been used for preservation of food for centuries. Nowadays, organic acids have been reported for antibacterial, immune potentiating, and growth promoters in broilers. In this review, the effects of dietary inclusion of organic acids on growth, nutrient digestibility, intestinal integrity, immune system, and antibacterial activity in broilers are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rifat Ullah Khan
- College of Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Sciences, The University of Agriculture, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Shabana Naz
- Department of Zoology, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Fazal Raziq
- Livestock and Dairy Development, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Qudratullah Qudratullah
- Department of Surgery and Pet Centre, Cholistan University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Nazir Ahmad Khan
- Department of Animal Nutrition, Faculty of Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Sciences, The University of Agriculture, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Vito Laudadio
- Department of DETO, Section of Veterinary Science and Animal Production, University of Bari 'Aldo Moro', Valenzano, Bari, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Tufarelli
- Department of DETO, Section of Veterinary Science and Animal Production, University of Bari 'Aldo Moro', Valenzano, Bari, Italy.
| | - Marco Ragni
- Department of Agro-Environmental and Territorial Science, University of Bari 'Aldo Moro', Bari, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Mincuzzi A, Sanzani SM, Palou L, Ragni M, Ippolito A. Postharvest Rot of Pomegranate Fruit in Southern Italy: Characterization of the Main Pathogens. J Fungi (Basel) 2022; 8:jof8050475. [PMID: 35628731 PMCID: PMC9143415 DOI: 10.3390/jof8050475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Revised: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) is an emerging crop in Italy and particularly in southern regions, such as Apulia, Basilicata, and Sicily, due to favorable climatic conditions. The crop is affected by several pathogenic fungi, primarily in the field, but also during postharvest phases. The most important postharvest fungal diseases in pomegranate are gray and blue molds, black heart and black spot, anthracnose, dry rot, and various soft rots. The limited number of fungicides allowed for treatment in the field and the lack of postharvest fungicides make it difficult to control latent, quiescent, and incipient fungal infections. Symptomatic pomegranates from southern Italy were sampled and isolated fungi were morphologically and molecularly characterized. The data obtained revealed that various species of Penicillium sensu lato (including Talaromyces genus), Alternaria spp., Coniella granati, and Botrytis cinerea were the principal etiological agents of postharvest pomegranate fruit diseases; other relevant pathogens, although less represented, were ascribable to Aspergillus sect. nigri, Colletotrichum acutatum sensu stricto, and Cytospora punicae. About two thirds of the isolated pathogens were responsible for latent infections. The results obtained may be useful in planning phytosanitary control strategies from the field to storage, so as to reduce yield losses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Annamaria Mincuzzi
- Department of Soil, Plant, and Food Sciences, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Via Amendola 165/A, 70126 Bari, Italy; (S.M.S.); (A.I.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-080-544-3055
| | - Simona Marianna Sanzani
- Department of Soil, Plant, and Food Sciences, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Via Amendola 165/A, 70126 Bari, Italy; (S.M.S.); (A.I.)
| | - Lluís Palou
- Laboratori de Patologia, Centre de Tecnologia Postcollita (CTP), Institut Valencià d’Investigacions Agràries (IVIA), Ctra. CV-315 Km 10.7, 46113 Montcada, Valencia, Spain;
| | - Marco Ragni
- Department of Agro-Environmental and Territorial Sciences, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Via Amendola 165/A, 70126 Bari, Italy;
| | - Antonio Ippolito
- Department of Soil, Plant, and Food Sciences, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Via Amendola 165/A, 70126 Bari, Italy; (S.M.S.); (A.I.)
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Freschi P, Fascetti S, Riga F, Rizzardini G, Fortebraccio M, Ragni M, Paolino R, Cosentino C. Diet Selection by the Italian Hare (Lepus corsicanus de Winton, 1898) in Two Protected Coastal Areas of Latium. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12060687. [PMID: 35327084 PMCID: PMC8944817 DOI: 10.3390/ani12060687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Revised: 02/26/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary In order to better understand the ecological niche of the Italian hare, we evaluated the diet selection of the species in two protected areas of the Latium coastal environment. The main results emerging from our study were: the wide feeding spectrum of the Italian hare; the high incidence of grasses in dry and in wet season diets; the low number of plant species ingested at relatively high rates; the plastic feeding behaviour of this hare, as diet preferences changed with the variety and abundance of food species. These results highlighted the great adaptability of the species to different niches and the influence of the floristic composition on its feeding habits. In the Italian hare, the assessment of habitat suitability is of strategic importance for its conservation. In particular, feeding preferences of the species may lead to defining some food items as key plant species for identifying its elective habitat and, hence, planning effective re-introduction initiatives. Abstract This study was focused on the diet and feeding behaviour of Lepus corsicanus in two protected coastal areas of Latium, Castelporziano Presidential Estate (CPE) and Circeo National Park (CNP). Plant frequency was assessed by the quadrat method, while diet composition was determined by microhistological analysis of faecal samples. Over the year, the Italian hare fed on 185 of the 229 plant species identified in vegetation, with most of them ingested in low percentages (≤1%). During the dry season (DS), in both areas, Brachypodium sylvaticum, Cynodon dactylon, and Avena fatua were among the most consumed species. In the wet season (WS) the most common plant species in diet were B. sylvaticum, Poa trivialis, and Carex distachya in CPE and Dactylis glomerata, Cynosurus echinatus, and Spartium junceum in CNP. In both sites, considering the annual selection of life forms, grasses and leguminous forbs were preferred, while non-leguminous forbs and shrubs were used less than expected according to their availability. ANOSIM analysis showed significant differences between sites in DS and WS diets. Our study evidenced that the Italian hare behaved as generalist, revealing its capability for exploiting several plant species and to adapt its diet preferences to space-time variation of food availability.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pierangelo Freschi
- School of Agricultural, Forestry, Food and Environmental Sciences (SAFE), University of Basilicata, 85100 Potenza, Italy; (S.F.); (G.R.); (M.F.); (R.P.); (C.C.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-0971-205077
| | - Simonetta Fascetti
- School of Agricultural, Forestry, Food and Environmental Sciences (SAFE), University of Basilicata, 85100 Potenza, Italy; (S.F.); (G.R.); (M.F.); (R.P.); (C.C.)
| | - Francesco Riga
- Italian Institute for Environmental Protection and Research (ISPRA), 00144 Rome, Italy;
| | - Gabriella Rizzardini
- School of Agricultural, Forestry, Food and Environmental Sciences (SAFE), University of Basilicata, 85100 Potenza, Italy; (S.F.); (G.R.); (M.F.); (R.P.); (C.C.)
| | - Mario Fortebraccio
- School of Agricultural, Forestry, Food and Environmental Sciences (SAFE), University of Basilicata, 85100 Potenza, Italy; (S.F.); (G.R.); (M.F.); (R.P.); (C.C.)
| | - Marco Ragni
- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Science, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70126 Bari, Italy;
| | - Rosanna Paolino
- School of Agricultural, Forestry, Food and Environmental Sciences (SAFE), University of Basilicata, 85100 Potenza, Italy; (S.F.); (G.R.); (M.F.); (R.P.); (C.C.)
| | - Carlo Cosentino
- School of Agricultural, Forestry, Food and Environmental Sciences (SAFE), University of Basilicata, 85100 Potenza, Italy; (S.F.); (G.R.); (M.F.); (R.P.); (C.C.)
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Khan RU, Khan A, Naz S, Ullah Q, Laudadio V, Tufarelli V, Ragni M. Potential Applications of Moringa oleifera in Poultry Health and Production as Alternative to Antibiotics: A Review. Antibiotics (Basel) 2021; 10:1540. [PMID: 34943752 PMCID: PMC8698404 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics10121540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Revised: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Because of developing bacterial resistance and increased public awareness of health and food safety problems, the use of antibiotics as growth promoters in the chicken industry has been outlawed. This problem has spurred the poultry industry and sector to explore for safe antibiotic alternatives and to focus on developing better long-term feed management solutions in order to improve chicken health and growth. As a result, phytogenics have developed as natural antibiotic alternatives, with a lot of potential in the poultry industry. Moringa oleifera has gotten a lot of attention from researchers in the recent past as a natural product with a lot of health advantages for poultry. Moringa is known for its antimicrobial, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and hypocholesterolemic properties, as well as its capacity to activate digestive enzymes in the stomach, owing to the presence of hundreds of essential ingredients. The potential influence of M. oleifera as a natural feed supplement on overall gut health, nutritional digestibility, blood biochemical profile, antioxidant benefits, antibacterial potential, and immunological response is emphasized in this review.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rifat Ullah Khan
- Faculty of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Sciences, College of Veterinary Sciences, The University of Agriculture, Peshawar 25130, Pakistan; (R.U.K.); (Q.U.)
| | - Aamir Khan
- Directorate General (Research), Livestock and Dairy Development Department, Peshawar 10320, Pakistan;
| | - Shabana Naz
- Department of Zoology, Government College University, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan;
| | - Qudrat Ullah
- Faculty of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Sciences, College of Veterinary Sciences, The University of Agriculture, Peshawar 25130, Pakistan; (R.U.K.); (Q.U.)
| | - Vito Laudadio
- Department of DETO, Section of Veterinary Science and Animal Production, University of Bari ‘Aldo Moro’, Valenzano, 70010 Bari, Italy;
| | - Vincenzo Tufarelli
- Department of DETO, Section of Veterinary Science and Animal Production, University of Bari ‘Aldo Moro’, Valenzano, 70010 Bari, Italy;
| | - Marco Ragni
- Department of Agro-Environmental and Territorial Science, University of Bari ‘Aldo Moro’, 70125 Bari, Italy;
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Mirzaei M, Bouyeh M, Zahedi A, Seidavi A, Khan RU, Tufarelli V, Laudadio V, Abd El-Hack ME, Ragni M, Taha AE, Swelum AA. Influence of dietary L-carnitine and lysine-methionine levels on reproductive performance and blood metabolic constituents of breeder ducks. Reprod Domest Anim 2021; 57:253-261. [PMID: 34787945 PMCID: PMC9299044 DOI: 10.1111/rda.14047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Revised: 11/13/2021] [Accepted: 11/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The present study aimed to evaluate the influence of dietary supplementation of different levels of L‐carnitine and/or lysine–methionine (Lys‐Met) on reproductive performance of breeder ducks. Three L‐carnitine (0, 75 and 150 mg/kg) and three lysine–methionine (100%, 110% and 120% above the NRC (Nutrient requirements of poultry, 1994, National Academy Press) recommendations) levels were fed to 180 breeder ducks (144 females and 36 males) in a completely randomized design for 49 days. Laying performance and reproductive traits were evaluated; additionally, uric acid, total protein total, triglycerides, total cholesterol, low‐density lipoprotein, high‐density lipoprotein, aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) were assessed. The Lys‐Met above 100% NRC (Nutrient requirements of poultry, 1994, National Academy Press) recommendations with or without L‐carnitine improved feed utilization (p < .05). Furthermore, Lys‐Met above 100% recommendations without L‐carnitine improved egg fertility and hatchability. Fertility and hatchability improved in breeders fed on L‐carnitine with 120% Lys‐Met (p < .05). Serum glucose increased and total cholesterol reduced on 100% Ly‐Met without L‐carnitine or 110% Ly‐Met with 150 mg L‐carnitine (p < .05). Glucose was reduced, while total cholesterol increased on 75 mg L‐carnitine and 100% Lys‐Met (p < .05). Increasing Lys‐Met without L‐carnitine reduced serum protein (p < .05). Albumin and ALT increased on 75 mg L‐carnitine–100% Lys‐Met and reduced on 150 mg L‐carnitine–120% Lys‐Met (p < .05). There were no interaction effects on globulin, uric acid and AST (p > .05). Thus, based on findings, breeder ducks responded to dietary Lys‐Met more efficiently than L‐carnitine; however, more research is needed to evaluate also economic aspects related to L‐carnitine dietary supplementation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Mirzaei
- Department of Animal Science, Rasht Branch, Islamic Azad University, Rasht, Iran
| | - Mehrdad Bouyeh
- Department of Animal Science, Rasht Branch, Islamic Azad University, Rasht, Iran
| | - Afshin Zahedi
- Department of Veterinary Science, Rasht Branch, Islamic Azad University, Rasht, Iran
| | - Alireza Seidavi
- Department of Animal Science, Rasht Branch, Islamic Azad University, Rasht, Iran
| | - Rifat Ullah Khan
- College of Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Sciences, The University of Agriculture, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Vincenzo Tufarelli
- Section of Veterinary Science and Animal Production, Department of DETO, University of Bari 'Aldo Moro', Valenzano, Bari, Italy
| | - Vito Laudadio
- Section of Veterinary Science and Animal Production, Department of DETO, University of Bari 'Aldo Moro', Valenzano, Bari, Italy
| | | | - Marco Ragni
- Department of Agro-Environmental and Territorial Sciences, University of Bari 'Aldo Moro', Bari, Italy
| | - Ayman E Taha
- Department of Animal Husbandry and Animal Wealth Development, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Alexandria University, Edfina, Egypt
| | - Ayman A Swelum
- Department of Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Sharkia, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Ragni M, Brand D, Riesterer N. The Predictive Power of Spatial Relational Reasoning Models: A New Evaluation Approach. Front Psychol 2021; 12:626292. [PMID: 34721126 PMCID: PMC8550734 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.626292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2020] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In the last few decades, cognitive theories for explaining human spatial relational reasoning have increased. Few of these theories have been implemented as computational models, however, even fewer have been compared computationally to each other. A computational model comparison requires, among other things, a still missing quantitative benchmark of core spatial relational reasoning problems. By presenting a new evaluation approach, this paper addresses: (1) developing a benchmark including raw data of participants, (2) reimplementation, adaptation, and extension of existing cognitive models to predict individual responses, and (3) a thorough evaluation of the cognitive models on the benchmark data. The paper shifts the research focus of cognitive modeling from reproducing aggregated response patterns toward assessing the predictive power of models for the individual reasoner. It demonstrate that not all psychological effects can discern theories. We discuss implications for modeling spatial relational reasoning.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marco Ragni
- Department of Computer Science, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,Predictive Analytics, Technical University Chemnitz, Chemnitz, Germany
| | - Daniel Brand
- Department of Computer Science, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Nicolas Riesterer
- Department of Computer Science, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Dames H, Klauer KC, Ragni M. The stability of syllogistic reasoning performance over time. Thinking & Reasoning 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/13546783.2021.1992012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hannah Dames
- Department of Computer Science, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Department of Psychology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | - Marco Ragni
- Department of Computer Science, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Danish Institute of Advanced Studies, South Denmark University, Odense, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Bilal RM, Hassan FU, Farag MR, Nasir TA, Ragni M, Mahgoub HAM, Alagawany M. Thermal stress and high stocking densities in poultry farms: Potential effects and mitigation strategies. J Therm Biol 2021; 99:102944. [PMID: 34420608 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtherbio.2021.102944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2021] [Revised: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Environmental changes pose significant threats to agricultural activities particularly animal production. These changes have induced major concerns which will negatively affect the poultry health and productivity under the current climate changes. Moreover, they also alter the immunological status of the exposed birds and make them susceptible to different diseases. The adverse effects of environmental stress also include poor performance of birds (reduced feed intake, growth, feed efficiency, immunity, and egg production) and inferior product quality. The adverse effect of heat stress on different quail breeds like Japanese quail, bobwhite quail, scaled quail, and Gambel's quail ranged from decreased growth rates (11.0-14.5%), body weight (7.7-13.2%), feed intake (6.1-21.6%), feed efficiency (4.3-8.6%), and egg production (6.6-23.3%). Also, birds reared under heat stress (34 °C) had significantly decreased Haugh units by 10.8% and egg weight by 14.3% in comparison with the control group (reared at 22 °C). On the other hand, increasing stoking density from 30 to 45 kg/m2 also negatively affected the feed intake and body weight. Recent studies have focused on evaluating the potential adverse effects of different environmental stresses on poultry performance, behavior, welfare, and reproduction. It is imperative to understand better the interaction of different environmental factors and their subsequent effects on avian physiology, to spotlights on the effective management and nutritional strategies to alleviate the adverse effects of different stresses in poultry. This review aims to present a comprehensive overview of physiological manifestations of major environmental stresses including thermal stress (heat and cold stress) and high stocking densities on poultry health and production. Moreover, we have also critically evaluated the scope and efficacy of some potential strategies to mitigate the influences of these environmental stressors in different poultry species.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rana Muhammad Bilal
- College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, 63100, Pakistan.
| | - Faiz-Ul Hassan
- Institute of Animal & Dairy Sciences, Faculty of Animal Husbandry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, 38040, Pakistan
| | - Mayada R Farag
- Forensic Medicine and Toxicology Department, Veterinary Medicine Faculty, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44519, Egypt
| | - Taquir Ali Nasir
- Department of Animal Science, University of Sargodha, Punjb, Pakistan
| | - Marco Ragni
- Department of Agro-Environmental and Territorial Sciences, University of Bari 'Aldo Moro', Bari, Italy
| | - Hany A M Mahgoub
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo, 11884, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud Alagawany
- Poultry Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44519, Egypt.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Scarpa G, Tarricone S, Ragni M. Carcass Composition, Meat Quality and Sensory Quality of Gentile di Puglia Light Lambs: Effects of Dietary Supplementation with Oregano and Linseed. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:ani11030607. [PMID: 33668903 PMCID: PMC7996544 DOI: 10.3390/ani11030607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Revised: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
There is a growing demand by the modern consumer for meat containing less fat and lower levels of saturated fatty acids, which are considered to increase the risk of coronary heart disease. In southern Italy, the Gentile di Puglia breed is one of the most common on farms, and the light lambs are often consumed. The study evaluates the effect of a diet containing extruded linseed (Linum usitatissimum) on growth performances, carcass traits, and meat quality in Gentile di Puglia light lambs. Thirty-six male lambs are weaned at about 20 days of age, and divided into three groups-each group is either fed a control diet (C), a diet containing 3% extruded linseed (L), or a diet containing 3% extruded linseed and 0.6% oregano (Origanum vulgare) (L + O). The lambs' growth performances and the slaughtering and dissection data did not differ between groups. Dietary treatments have no significant effect on the quality and chemical composition of Longissimus lumborum (Ll). The mount of linoleic acid in Ll meat is significantly higher in the L group, and this positively affected the total content of n-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid, as well as the n-6/n-3 ratio. The good results obtained concerning the sensory traits meet the requirements of the market's consumer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Scarpa
- Ministry of Agricultural, Food and Forestry Policies, Central Inspectorate Department for Quality Control and Agri-Food Fraud Repression, Branch Office of Bari, 70126 Bari, Italy;
| | - Simona Tarricone
- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Science, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70125 Bari, Italy;
- Correspondence:
| | - Marco Ragni
- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Science, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70125 Bari, Italy;
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Cosentino C, Colonna MA, Musto M, Dimotta A, Freschi P, Tarricone S, Ragni M, Paolino R. Effects of dietary supplementation with extruded linseed and oregano in autochthonous goat breeds on the fatty acid profile of milk and quality of Padraccio cheese. J Dairy Sci 2020; 104:1445-1453. [PMID: 33309367 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2020-18805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The study aimed to evaluate the effects of linseed and oregano supplementation to the diet of goats on fatty acid profile and sensory properties of Padraccio, a typical cheese produced during spring through summer in the Basilicata region (southern Italy). Extruded linseed and dried oregano inflorescences were integrated in the pelleted concentrate supplementation (500 g/head per day) in 21 grazing goats that were randomly assigned, 7 per group, to the following experimental treatments: concentrate, concentrate with addition of linseed, and concentrate with addition of linseed and oregano. Pooled milk from each group was used in cheesemaking. From a nutritional perspective, integration of extruded linseed in the goat diet improved the fatty acid profile of Padraccio cheese. Moreover, the cheese from this group evidenced the highest scoring on color, flavor, texture, and overall liking.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C Cosentino
- School of Agricultural, Forestry, Food, and Environmental Sciences, University of Basilicata, Viale dell'Ateneo Lucano, 10, 85100 Potenza, Italy
| | - M A Colonna
- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Science, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Campus Universitario Ernesto Quagliariello, 70126 Bari, Italy
| | - M Musto
- School of Agricultural, Forestry, Food, and Environmental Sciences, University of Basilicata, Viale dell'Ateneo Lucano, 10, 85100 Potenza, Italy
| | - A Dimotta
- Earth and Eco-System Expertise for Environmental Modeling and Restoration Company (EESEEMR), Synergy Center ITT Dublin, TU Dublin - Tallaght Campus, Dublin 24, D24 A386, Ireland
| | - P Freschi
- School of Agricultural, Forestry, Food, and Environmental Sciences, University of Basilicata, Viale dell'Ateneo Lucano, 10, 85100 Potenza, Italy
| | - S Tarricone
- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Science, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Campus Universitario Ernesto Quagliariello, 70126 Bari, Italy.
| | - M Ragni
- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Science, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Campus Universitario Ernesto Quagliariello, 70126 Bari, Italy
| | - R Paolino
- School of Agricultural, Forestry, Food, and Environmental Sciences, University of Basilicata, Viale dell'Ateneo Lucano, 10, 85100 Potenza, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Ragni M, Johnson-Laird P. Reasoning about epistemic possibilities. Acta Psychol (Amst) 2020; 208:103081. [PMID: 32497740 DOI: 10.1016/j.actpsy.2020.103081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2019] [Revised: 03/09/2020] [Accepted: 04/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Reasoning about epistemic possibilities - those based on knowledge - is fundamental in daily life. It is formalized in modal logics, of which there are infinitely many, based on the semantics of 'possible worlds'. An alternative psychological theory postulates that possibilities (and probabilities) in daily life are based on the human ability to construct mental models of finite alternatives, which can each be realized in an indefinite number of different ways. This account leads to three main predictions that diverge from normal modal logics. First, the assertion of an epistemic possibility, A, presupposes the possibility of not-A, in default of knowledge to the contrary. Second, reasoners condense multiple possibilities into one, contravening modal logics, but reducing the load on working memory, e.g.: When knowledge shows that this condensation would be inconsistent, reasoners resist it. Epistemic possibilities are akin to non-numerical probabilities, forming a scale that runs from impossible to certain. In contrast, epistemic necessities state a necessary condition for some other proposition, e.g.: "It is necessary that it rains tomorrow for the plants to survive." The article reports five experiments corroborating these predictions. Their results challenge current conceptions of human reasoning.
Collapse
|
24
|
Tarricone S, Colonna MA, Cosentino C, Giannico F, Ragni M. Meat quality and lipid fatty acid profile from wild thrush (Turdus philomelos), woodcock (Scolopax rusticola) and starling (Sturnus vulgaris): a preliminary comparative study. Lipids Health Dis 2020; 19:119. [PMID: 32487110 PMCID: PMC7265637 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-020-01300-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Accepted: 05/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The present study aimed to evaluate the nutritional proximate composition, some qualitative traits and fatty acid profile of meat from wild thrush, woodcock and starling hunted in Southern Italy in 2017 and 2018. Methods Nutritive composition and physical traits of meat and lipid fatty acid profile were evaluated in breast muscle (Pectoralis major) of gamebirds. Results From findings, the meat pH was significantly (P < 0.001) higher in starling when compared to the other two species. Thrush meat was significantly (P = 0.002) darker and had higher redness (P < 0.001) and yellowness (P = 0.004) in comparison to starling and woodcock. Thrush breast muscle showed the highest (P < 0.001) level of lipids and lowest (P < 0.001) protein content. Meat from thrush showed the best lipid fatty acid profile based on the higher (P < 0.001) monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) and lower (P < 0.001) saturated fatty acids (SFA) concentrations. Starling breast muscle reported the highest (P = 0.002) polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) level compared to both thrush and woodcock, whereas no differences were detected on total n-3. The ratio n-6/n-3 was higher (P = 0.001) in starling muscle. Thrush breast muscle had the lowest (P < 0.001) atherogenic and thrombogenic indices compared to the other gamebirds. Conclusions The findings indicated that meat from the three investigated gamebirds species may represent a healthily lipid food source for human consumption in relation to the prevention of cardiovascular diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Simona Tarricone
- Department of Agro-Environmental and Territorial Sciences, University of Bari 'Aldo Moro', 70125, Bari, Italy
| | - Maria Antonietta Colonna
- Department of Agro-Environmental and Territorial Sciences, University of Bari 'Aldo Moro', 70125, Bari, Italy
| | - Carlo Cosentino
- School of Agricultural, Forest, Food, and Environmental Sciences, University of Basilicata, 85100, Potenza, Italy
| | - Francesco Giannico
- Department of Agro-Environmental and Territorial Sciences, University of Bari 'Aldo Moro', 70125, Bari, Italy
| | - Marco Ragni
- Department of Agro-Environmental and Territorial Sciences, University of Bari 'Aldo Moro', 70125, Bari, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Riesterer N, Brand D, Ragni M. Predictive Modeling of Individual Human Cognition: Upper Bounds and a New Perspective on Performance. Top Cogn Sci 2020; 12:960-974. [PMID: 32358925 DOI: 10.1111/tops.12501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2019] [Revised: 03/20/2020] [Accepted: 03/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Model evaluation is commonly performed by relying on aggregated data as well as relative metrics for model comparison and selection. In light of recent criticism about the prevailing perspectives on cognitive modeling, we investigate models for human syllogistic reasoning in terms of predictive accuracy on individual responses. By contrasting cognitive models with statistical baselines such as random guessing or the most frequently selected response option as well as data-driven neural networks, we obtain information about the progress cognitive modeling could achieve for syllogistic reasoning to date, its remaining potential, and upper bounds of performance future models should strive to exceed. The methods presented in this article are not restricted to the domains of reasoning but generalize to other fields of behavioral research and can serve as useful additions to the modern modeler's toolbox.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Riesterer
- Cognitive Computation Lab, Department of Computer Science, University of Freiburg
| | - Daniel Brand
- Cognitive Computation Lab, Department of Computer Science, University of Freiburg
| | - Marco Ragni
- Cognitive Computation Lab, Department of Computer Science, University of Freiburg
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Tarricone S, Colonna M, Giannico F, Ragni M, Lestingi A, Facciolongo A. Effect of an extruded linseed diet on meat quality traits in Nero Lucano pigs. S AFR J ANIM SCI 2020. [DOI: 10.4314/sajas.v49i6.13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The study aimed to evaluate the effect of a diet containing extruded linseed (Linum usitatissimum L.) on growth performances, carcass traits and meat quality in Nero Lucano pigs. Sixteen male piglets were weaned at about 50 days of age and divided into two homogeneous groups fed a control diet (C) or a diet containing 3% extruded linseed (EL). The trial lasted 32 weeks and pigs were slaughtered at 9 months of age. Samples from the Longissimus dorsi (Ld) muscle were analysed to assess physical and chemical parameters and intramuscular fatty acid composition. Average daily gain, feed intake and feed conversion ratio were not affected by the diet. Pigs fed the C diet showed a significantly greater slaughter weight in comparison to the EL group (116.50 vs 108.25 kg) Meat pH and chemical composition were not influenced by the diet. No differences were found for shear force (WBS) in raw meat, while cooked meat of the EL group showed a lower WBS value. The EL diet significantly lowered total SFA and increased total PUFA, of both n-6 and n-3 series. Among the n-6, significant differences between dietary treatments were found for linoleic acid. As for the n-3 series, EL feeding significantly enhanced linolenic acid, EPA, DPA and DHA. Feeding EL also significantly lowered the PUFA/SFA and n-6/n-3 ratios and the AI and TI, with benefits for human health. In conclusion, dietary supplementation with 3% EL didn't affect growth performance while it improved the fatty acid profile of meat.
Keywords: fatty acid profile, feeding, flaxseed, pork
Collapse
|
27
|
Riesterer N, Brand D, Dames H, Ragni M. Modeling Human Syllogistic Reasoning: The Role of "No Valid Conclusion". Top Cogn Sci 2020; 12:446-459. [PMID: 31989760 DOI: 10.1111/tops.12487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2019] [Revised: 12/06/2019] [Accepted: 12/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Syllogistic reasoning, that is the drawing of inferences for categorical-quantified assertions, is one of the oldest branches of deductive reasoning research with a history exceeding 100 years. In syllogistic reasoning experiments, "No Valid Conclusion" (NVC) is one of the most frequently selected responses and corresponds to the logically correct conclusion for 58% of the syllogistic problem domain. To date, NVC is often neglected in computational models or just treated as a by-product of the underlying inferential mechanisms such as a last resort when the search for alternatives is exhausted. We illustrate that NVC represents a major shortcoming of current models for human syllogistic reasoning. By introducing heuristic rules for predicting NVC, we demonstrate that simple extensions of the existing models result in substantial improvements in their predictive performances. Our results emphasize the need for better NVC handling in cognitive modeling of human reasoning and provide directions for modelers on how to enhance their approaches.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Riesterer
- Cognitive Computation Lab, Department of Computer Science, University of Freiburg
| | - Daniel Brand
- Cognitive Computation Lab, Department of Computer Science, University of Freiburg
| | - Hannah Dames
- Cognitive Computation Lab, Department of Computer Science, University of Freiburg
| | - Marco Ragni
- Cognitive Computation Lab, Department of Computer Science, University of Freiburg
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Wertheim J, Ragni M. The Neurocognitive Correlates of Human Reasoning: A Meta-analysis of Conditional and Syllogistic Inferences. J Cogn Neurosci 2020; 32:1061-1078. [PMID: 31951155 DOI: 10.1162/jocn_a_01531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Inferring knowledge is a core aspect of human cognition. We can form complex sentences connecting different pieces of information, such as in conditional statements like "if someone drinks alcohol, then they must be older than 18." These are relevant for causal reasoning about our environment and allow us to think about hypothetical scenarios. Another central aspect to forming complex statements is to quantify about sets, such as in "some apples are green." Reasoning in terms of the ability to form these statements is not yet fully understood, despite being an active field of interdisciplinary research. On a theoretical level, several conceptual frameworks have been proposed, predicting diverging brain activation patterns during the reasoning process. We present a meta-analysis comprising the results of 32 neuroimaging experiments about reasoning, which we subdivided by their structure, content, and requirement for world knowledge. In conditional tasks, we identified activation in the left middle and rostrolateral pFC and parietal regions, whereas syllogistic tasks elicit activation in Broca's complex, including the BG. Concerning the content differentiation, abstract tasks exhibit activation in the left inferior and rostrolateral pFC and inferior parietal regions, whereas content tasks are in the left superior pFC and parieto-occipital regions. The findings clarify the neurocognitive mechanisms of reasoning and exhibit clear distinctions between the task's type and content. Overall, we found that the activation differences clarify inconsistent results from accumulated data and serve as useful scaffolding differentiations for theory-driven interpretations of the neuroscientific correlates of human reasoning.
Collapse
|
29
|
Wertheim J, Colzato LS, Nitsche MA, Ragni M. Enhancing spatial reasoning by anodal transcranial direct current stimulation over the right posterior parietal cortex. Exp Brain Res 2019; 238:181-192. [DOI: 10.1007/s00221-019-05699-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2019] [Accepted: 11/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
|
30
|
Tarricone S, Colonna M, Giannico F, Facciolongo A, Caputi Jambrenghi A, Ragni M. Effects of dietary extruded linseed ( Linum usitatissimum L.) on performance and meat quality in Podolian young bulls. S AFR J ANIM SCI 2019. [DOI: 10.4314/sajas.v49i4.20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
|
31
|
Abstract
Reasoning about possibilities is fundamental in daily life. Yet, it has been little studied in psychology. We present a psychological theory in which it is the foundation of human reasoning. The theory explains how possibilities have distinct interpretations (deontic, epistemic, and alethic), how people represent them in models, and how these models yield inferences. Key principles are that the semantics of possibilities are the same finitary alternatives underlying probabilities, that speech acts can create obligations inexpressible as probabilities, that compound assertions - conditionals and disjunctions - refer to conjunctions of possibilities holding in default of knowledge to the contrary, and that mental models condense multiple consistent possibilities into one. The theory is incompatible with all normal modal logics and with probabilistic logic. Yet, experiments have corroborated its predictions. The article discusses its precursors, rivals, and potentials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- P N Johnson-Laird
- Department of Psychology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08540, USA; Department of Psychology, New York University, 6 Washington Place, New York, NY 10003, USA.
| | - Marco Ragni
- Cognitive Computation Lab, Institut für Informatik, Technische Fakultät, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Georges-Köhler-Allee, Geb. 052, 79110 Freiburg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Adduci F, Elshafie H, Labella C, Musto M, Freschi P, Paolino R, Ragni M, Cosentino C. Abatement of the clostridial load in the teats of lactating cows with lysozyme derived from donkey milk. J Dairy Sci 2019; 102:6750-6755. [DOI: 10.3168/jds.2019-16311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2019] [Accepted: 03/06/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
|
33
|
|
34
|
Ghazvinian K, Seidavi A, Laudadio V, Ragni M, Tufarelli V. Effects of various levels of organic acids and of virginiamycin on performance, blood parameters, immunoglobulins and microbial population of broiler chicks. S AFR J ANIM SCI 2019. [DOI: 10.4314/sajas.v48i5.16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
|
35
|
Wertheim J, Ragni M. The Neural Correlates of Relational Reasoning: A Meta-analysis of 47 Functional Magnetic Resonance Studies. J Cogn Neurosci 2018; 30:1734-1748. [DOI: 10.1162/jocn_a_01311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
It is a core cognitive ability of humans to represent and reason about relational information, such as “the train station is north of the hotel” or “Charles is richer than Jim.” However, the neural processes underlying the ability to draw conclusions about relations are still not sufficiently understood. Central open questions are as follows: (1) What are the neural correlates of relational reasoning? (2) Where can deductive and inductive reasoning be localized? (3) What is the impact of different informational types on cerebral activity? For that, we conducted a meta-analysis of 47 neuroimaging studies. We found activation of the frontoparietal network during both deductive and inductive reasoning, with additional activation in an extended network during inductive reasoning in the basal ganglia and the inferior parietal cortex. Analyses revealed a double dissociation concerning the lateral and medial Brodmann's area 6 during deductive and inductive reasoning, indicating differences in terms of processing verbal information in deductive and spatial information in inductive tasks. During semantic and symbolic tasks, the frontoparietal network was found active, whereas geometric tasks only elicited prefrontal activation, which can be explained by the reduced demand for the construction of a mental representation in geometric tasks. Our study provides new insights into the cognitive mechanisms underlying relational reasoning and clarifies previous controversies concerning involved brain areas.
Collapse
|
36
|
Qorbanpour M, Fahim T, Javandel F, Nosrati M, Paz E, Seidavi A, Ragni M, Laudadio V, Tufarelli V. Effect of Dietary Ginger ( Zingiber officinale Roscoe) and Multi-Strain Probiotic on Growth and Carcass Traits, Blood Biochemistry, Immune Responses and Intestinal Microflora in Broiler Chickens. Animals (Basel) 2018; 8:ani8070117. [PMID: 30011890 PMCID: PMC6071000 DOI: 10.3390/ani8070117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2018] [Revised: 07/11/2018] [Accepted: 07/11/2018] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary In the last decade, there has been growing interest in the use of natural herbs and probiotics as alternatives to antibiotics in feeds to improve animal productivity and to maximize their potential output. Therefore, the objective of this study was to determine the effect of different levels of ginger powder and a commercial multi-strain probiotic in the diet on broiler performance, immune response, microbiota, haematology and carcass characteristics. Based on findings, dietary supplementation with both ginger or probiotics showed significant influence on birds’ immune response, probably because ginger had strong antioxidant activity and the probiotics stimulated the production of natural antibodies. Abstract A total of 225 day-old male broiler chicks (Ross-308) were randomly allocated to five treatment groups, with three replicates in a completely randomized design for 42 days. Birds were fed a basal-diet supplemented with: no additive (control-diet), multi-strain probiotic (Lactobacillus acidophilus, Lactobacillus casei, Enterococcus faecium and Bifidobacterium thermophilum), or 0.15, 0.20 and 0.25% ginger (Z. officinale) powder, respectively. The results show no significant differences among treatments for growth traits and carcass characteristics, whereas using probiotics and ginger at all levels resulted in a significant decrease of gizzard weight and abdominal fat compared to the control group. Dietary treatments did not affect blood biochemistry and antibody production against sheep red blood cells (SRBC), IgG and IgM; however, antibody titre was higher in birds fed 0.25% ginger than other diets after 7 days post injection. The Lactobacillus counts in ileal content of birds fed 0.20 and 0.25% ginger were higher compared to the other treatments. In conclusion, dietary supplementation with either ginger or probiotics showed a significant influence on birds’ immune response, probably because ginger had strong antioxidant activity and the probiotics stimulated the production of natural antibodies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Qorbanpour
- Department of Animal Science, Rasht Branch, Islamic Azad University, Rasht 14536, Iran.
| | - Taha Fahim
- Department of Animal Science, Rasht Branch, Islamic Azad University, Rasht 14536, Iran.
| | - Faramin Javandel
- Department of Animal Science, Rasht Branch, Islamic Azad University, Rasht 14536, Iran.
| | - Mehran Nosrati
- Department of Animal Science, Rasht Branch, Islamic Azad University, Rasht 14536, Iran.
| | - Erwin Paz
- Institute of Agriculture, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia.
- Departamento de Producción Agropecuaria, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 01145, Chile.
| | - Alireza Seidavi
- Department of Animal Science, Rasht Branch, Islamic Azad University, Rasht 14536, Iran.
| | - Marco Ragni
- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Science, University of Bari 'Aldo Moro', Bari 70125, Italy.
| | - Vito Laudadio
- Department of DETO, Section of Veterinary Science and Animal Production, University of Bari 'Aldo Moro', Valenzano, Bari 70010, Italy.
| | - Vincenzo Tufarelli
- Department of DETO, Section of Veterinary Science and Animal Production, University of Bari 'Aldo Moro', Valenzano, Bari 70010, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Abdelnour S, Abd El-Hack M, Ragni M. The Efficacy of High-Protein Tropical Forages as Alternative Protein Sourcesfor Chickens: A Review. Agriculture 2018; 8:86. [DOI: 10.3390/agriculture8060086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
|
38
|
Rotondi P, Colonna MA, Marsico G, Giannico F, Ragni M, Facciolongo AM. Dietary Supplementation with Oregano and Linseed in Garganica Suckling Kids: Effects on Growth Performances and Meat Quality. PAK J ZOOL 2018. [DOI: 10.17582/journal.pjz/2018.50.4.1421.1433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
|
39
|
Ragni M, Eichhorn C, Bock T, Kern-Isberner G, Tse APP. Formal Nonmonotonic Theories and Properties of Human Defeasible Reasoning. Minds Mach (Dordr) 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s11023-016-9414-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
|
40
|
Vicenti A, Ragni M, di Summa A, Marsico G, Vonghia G. Influence of Feeds and Rearing System on the Productive Performances and the Chemical and Fatty Acid Composition of Hare Meat. FOOD SCI TECHNOL INT 2016. [DOI: 10.1177/108201303038106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Hare meat from animals differently reared and fed were analysed to compare the influence of different rearing techniques, different energy levels of feeds and gender on the productive performances of hares, and on the quantitative characteristics and chemical and fatty acid profile of the meat. The effects of diet and gender did not produce important differences in productive performances and on the quantitative and qualitative parameters under consideration. Statistically significant differences were found depending on rearing techniques. Those differences for the hares reared in cages referred to better productive performances which favoured fleshier carcasses and a higher accumulation of fat. The acid composition depended on the rearing conditions, which affected the motor activity of the animals and therefore the consumption and the deposit of determined lipid fractions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A. Vicenti
- Dipartimento di Produzione Animale, Universita` degli Studi di Bari, via G. Amendola 165/a, 70126 Bari, Italy
| | - M. Ragni
- Dipartimento di Produzione Animale, Universita` degli Studi di Bari, via G. Amendola 165/a, 70126 Bari, Italy,
| | - A. di Summa
- Dipartimento di Sanita` e Benessere degli Animali, Universita` degli Studi di Bari, 70126 Bari, Italy
| | - G. Marsico
- Dipartimento di Produzione Animale, Universita` degli Studi di Bari, via G. Amendola 165/a, 70126 Bari, Italy
| | - G. Vonghia
- Dipartimento di Produzione Animale, Universita` degli Studi di Bari, via G. Amendola 165/a, 70126 Bari, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Marsico G, Rasulo A, Dimatteo S, Tarricone S, Pinto F, Ragni M. Pig, F1 (wild boar x pig) and wild boar meat quality. Italian Journal of Animal Science 2016. [DOI: 10.4081/ijas.2007.1s.701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- G. Marsico
- Dipartimento di Produzione Animale. Università di Bari, Italy
| | - A. Rasulo
- Dipartimento di Produzione Animale. Università di Bari, Italy
| | - S. Dimatteo
- Dipartimento di Produzione Animale. Università di Bari, Italy
| | - S. Tarricone
- Dipartimento di Produzione Animale. Università di Bari, Italy
| | - F. Pinto
- Dipartimento di Produzione Animale. Università di Bari, Italy
| | - M. Ragni
- Dipartimento di Produzione Animale. Università di Bari, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Ragni M, Vicenti A, Toteda F, Di Turi L, Facciolongo A, Lacitignola M. Use of sweet lupin (Lupinus albus L.) as alternative protein source in diets for podolian young bulls. Italian Journal of Animal Science 2016. [DOI: 10.4081/ijas.2007.1s.346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. Ragni
- Dipartimento di Produzione Animale, Università di Bari, Italy
| | - A. Vicenti
- Dipartimento di Produzione Animale, Università di Bari, Italy
| | - F. Toteda
- Dipartimento di Produzione Animale, Università di Bari, Italy
| | - L. Di Turi
- Dipartimento di Produzione Animale, Università di Bari, Italy
| | | | - M. Lacitignola
- Dipartimento di Produzione Animale, Università di Bari, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Ragni M, Franzmeier I, Maier S, Knauff M. Uncertain relational reasoning in the parietal cortex. Brain Cogn 2016; 104:72-81. [PMID: 26970943 DOI: 10.1016/j.bandc.2016.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2015] [Revised: 02/16/2016] [Accepted: 02/20/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
The psychology of reasoning is currently transitioning from the study of deductive inferences under certainty to inferences that have degrees of uncertainty in both their premises and conclusions; however, only a few studies have explored the cortical basis of uncertain reasoning. Using transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS), we show that areas in the right superior parietal lobe (rSPL) are necessary for solving spatial relational reasoning problems under conditions of uncertainty. Twenty-four participants had to decide whether a single presented order of objects agreed with a given set of indeterminate premises that could be interpreted in more than one way. During the presentation of the order, 10-Hz TMS was applied over the rSPL or a sham control site. Right SPL TMS during the inference phase disrupted performance in uncertain relational reasoning. Moreover, we found differences in the error rates between preferred mental models, alternative models, and inconsistent models. Our results suggest that different mechanisms are involved when people reason spatially and evaluate different kinds of uncertain conclusions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marco Ragni
- University of Giessen, Experimental Psychology and Cognitive Science, Germany; University of Freiburg, Technical Faculty, Germany.
| | | | - Simon Maier
- University of Freiburg, Dept. of Cognitive Science, Germany; Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Freiburg Brain Imaging, Germany
| | - Markus Knauff
- University of Giessen, Experimental Psychology and Cognitive Science, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Micera E, Ragni M, Minuti F, Rubino G, Marsico G, Zarrilli A. Improvement of sheep welfare and milk production fed on diet containing hydroponically germinating seeds. Italian Journal of Animal Science 2016. [DOI: 10.4081/ijas.2009.s2.634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Marco Ragni
- Dipartimento di Produzione Animale, Università di Bari, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Minuti
- Dipartimento di Produzione Animale, Università di Bari, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Rubino
- Dipartimento di Sanità e Benessere degli Animali, Università di Bari, Italy
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
45
|
Di Turi L, Ragni M, Jambrenghi AC, Lastilla M, Vicenti A, Colonna MA, Giannico F, Vonghia G. Effect of dietary rosemary oil on growth performance and flesh quality of farmed seabass (Dicentrarchus labrax). Italian Journal of Animal Science 2016. [DOI: 10.4081/ijas.2009.s2.857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Laura Di Turi
- Dipartimento di Produzione Animale, Università di Bari, Italy
| | - Marco Ragni
- Dipartimento di Produzione Animale, Università di Bari, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Gino Vonghia
- Dipartimento di Produzione Animale, Università di Bari, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Di Turi L, Ragni M, Vicenti A, Melodia L, Vonghia G. Meat quality of Kuruma prawn (Marsupenaeus japonicus): preliminary evaluation. Italian Journal of Animal Science 2016. [DOI: 10.4081/ijas.2005.2s.615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
|
47
|
Vicenti A, Antonietta Colonna M, Ragni M, Toteda F. Effect of type of suckling and polyunsaturated fatty acid use on lamb production.2. Chemical and fatty acid composition of raw and cooked meat. Italian Journal of Animal Science 2016. [DOI: 10.4081/ijas.2004.81] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
|
48
|
|
49
|
|
50
|
Ragni M. To Make the World a Better Place. Künstl Intell 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s13218-015-0384-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|