1
|
Ghane‐Khoshkebijari F, Seidavi A, Bouyeh M. Effects of in ovo injection of organic selenium on the hatchability of broiler breeder hen eggs and resulting chick physiology and performance. Vet Med Sci 2024; 10:e1443. [PMID: 38595026 PMCID: PMC11004544 DOI: 10.1002/vms3.1443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Revised: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 03/24/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Selenium is an essential mineral for poultry. The conflicting reports about its in ovo injection are the justification for the more detailed investigation. OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of in ovo injection of organic selenium on the hatching traits of broiler chickens and their performance. METHODS Three hundred and twenty eggs of Ross 308 strain with an average weight of 65 g and 160 chicks were randomly divided into 4 treatment groups (each with 8 replicates of 10 eggs each for hatching parameters and 4 replicates of 10 chicks for broiler farming parameters): negative control (no injection), positive control (in ovo injection of 0.272 mL of normal saline solution) and 2 selenium treatments (in ovo injection of 2.72 or 5.44 μg of organic selenium). Injection was into the amniotic sac on the 10th day of incubation. Effects of in ovo injection on hatching and performance traits, blood parameters, immune responses, carcass characteristics, meat fatty acid profile, cecal microbial population and selenium consternation in the tibia were measured. RESULTS Fewer chicks from the injected treatments hatched than from the negative control group (p < 0.01). However, the injection of selenium increased feed intake and the final weight of the birds (p < 0.01). Blood parameters were also affected. Glucose and cholesterol in experimental treatment chicks was lower than those of the controls (p < 0.01), whereas blood lipoproteins (VLDL, LDL and HDL) and the ratio of cholesterol to HDL was significantly increased in the treatments injected with selenium (p < 0.01). There was no significant difference in the immune response or microbial population between the experimental groups, but carcass components, such as thigh, breast, wing and abdominal fat weight, were significantly greater in the selenium treatments. CONCLUSIONS Intra-egg injection of organic selenium produced favourable effects on performance of broiler chickens, although it had no effect on immune response or microbial population. However, the negative effect on hatching of chickens needs to be prevented to result in an acceptable economic return for the producer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Alireza Seidavi
- Department of Animal Science, Rasht BranchIslamic Azad UniversityRashtIran
| | - Mehrdad Bouyeh
- Department of Animal Science, Rasht BranchIslamic Azad UniversityRashtIran
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Rahmatnejad E, Habibi H, Torshizi MAK, Seidavi A, Hosseinian A. Effects of the algae derivatives on performance, intestinal histomorphology, ileal microflora, and egg yolk biochemistry of laying Japanese quail. Poult Sci 2024; 103:103605. [PMID: 38471233 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2024.103605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Revised: 02/25/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
We examined the effect of the Persian Gulf algae derivates, phycocyanin (PC) and fucoidan (FUC), on production performance, egg quality, intestinal histomorphology, ileal microflora, and egg yolk biochemistry of laying Japanese quail. A total of 250 six-wk-old Japanese quails with an average body weight of 215 ± 10 g were allocated to 5 treatments, 5 replicates and 10 birds in each replicate in a completely randomized design. The treatment groups received PC (from Spirulina platensis) and FUC (from brown seaweed) in their drinking water while control groups did not. Treatment groups received PC and FUC at 20 or 40 mg/L levels (denoted as PC20, PC40, FUC20, and FUC40, respectively). All birds were fed the same diet. All treatments significantly improved the percentage of hen day egg production (HDEP) (P = 0.002), egg mass (P = 0.002), and feed conversion ratio (FCR) (P = 0.022) but no difference was noted in egg weight (EW) and feed intake (FI). Different levels of PC and FUC significantly increased the thickness of eggshells (P = 0.022); however, the weight of the digestive tract (liver, spleen, proventriculus, gizzard, and pancreas) and oviduct was not affected. Algal derivates improved the villus height (P = 0.007) and crypt depth (P = 0.007) of the duodenum, as well as, the villus height (P = 0.005) and crypt depth (P = 0.026) of the jejunum. Both algal derivates positively affected the intestinal microflora (populations of Lactobacillus (P = 0.017), Coliform (P = 0.005), and Clostridium (P = 0.000)) whereas aerobic bacteria were unaffected. Yolk cholesterol P = 0.012) and yolk malondialdehyde P = 0.050) content were significantly reduced in experimental treatments compared to the control group. In conclusion, our results showed that the treatment of laying Japanese quails with algal derivates positively affects quail performance, intestinal morphology, intestinal microflora, and yolk cholesterol and malondialdehyde. Additional studies exploring optimal dosages and mechanisms of action is warranted to fully understand the scope of the algae derivates in poultry production.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Enayat Rahmatnejad
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Persian Gulf University, Bushehr, 75169, Iran
| | - Hassan Habibi
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Persian Gulf University, Bushehr, 75169, Iran.
| | | | - Alireza Seidavi
- Department of Animal Science, Rasht Branch, Islamic Azad University, Rasht, Iran
| | - Alireza Hosseinian
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Persian Gulf University, Bushehr, 75169, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Khazaei R, Seidavi A, Bouyeh M, Ogbuagu NE, González DNT, Elghandour MMMY, Salem AZM. Effects of varying levels of Cynara scolymus powder on growth performance, carcass characteristics, intestinal microbiota, immune and haemato-biochemical parameters in female quails. Res Vet Sci 2024; 169:105162. [PMID: 38301341 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2024.105162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the effects of varying levels of dietary Cynara scolymus (CS) powder on growth performance, carcass characteristics, intestinal microbiota, immune and haemato-biochemical parameters in female quails. A total of 120-day-old female quails used for the research were divided into 3 treatment groups: 0% CS, 0.75% CS and 1.50% CS having 4 replicates (n = 10). Blood samples collected were analyzed for differential leukocyte count, red blood cell count and its indices, uric acid, lipid profile, liver enzymes, calcium, phosphorous, creatinine, thyroid hormone, creatine kinase, lactate dehydrogenase and antibody titres. Quails were euthanized for evaluation of carcass and microbial bacteria and sensory characteristics of the breast and thigh meat. Supplementation of CS at 0.75% and 1.50% increased (P < 0.05) wing, drumstick, ileum, jejunum and spleen lengths, high-density lipoprotein, and decreased (P < 0.05) low-density lipoprotein: high-density lipoprotein ratio. Diets supplemented with 0.75% CS increased (P < 0.05) albumin while 1.50% decreased (P < 0.05) abdominal fat and increased (P < 0.05) corpuscular volume, red blood cell count, lactobacillus population, and color of thigh meat. Both CS levels (0.75% and 1.50%) may improve intestinal morphology, quality of meat, immunity, erythropoiesis, intestinal microbial population, and decrease bad cholesterol in quails.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Roshanak Khazaei
- Department of Animal Science, Rasht Branch, Islamic Azad University, Rasht, Iran
| | - Alireza Seidavi
- Department of Animal Science, Rasht Branch, Islamic Azad University, Rasht, Iran
| | - Mehrdad Bouyeh
- Department of Animal Science, Rasht Branch, Islamic Azad University, Rasht, Iran
| | - Ngozi Ejum Ogbuagu
- Department of Veterinary Physiology, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria
| | - Deli Nazmín Tirado González
- Tecnológico Nacional de México (TecNM)/Instituto Tecnológico el Llano Aguascalientes (ITEL), Carr. Ags.-SLP km 18.5, El Llano, C.P. 20330 Aguascalientes, Mexico
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
4
|
Ferronato G, Tavakoli M, Bouyeh M, Seidavi A, Suárez Ramírez L, Prandini A. Effects of Combinations of Dietary Vitamin C and Acetylsalicylic Acid on Growth Performance, Carcass Traits and, Serum and Immune Response Parameters in Broilers. Animals (Basel) 2024; 14:649. [PMID: 38396617 PMCID: PMC10886125 DOI: 10.3390/ani14040649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2024] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the combined effects of ascorbic acid (VC) and acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) on broiler health and performance. A total of 200 Ross 308 male broilers were divided into five groups, each receiving different dietary combinations of ASA and VC (ASA: 50 or 100 mg/kg; VC: 200 or 400 mg/kg). The 42-day trial assessed parameters such as feed intake, average daily gain (ADG), feed conversion ratio (FCR), carcass characteristics, serum parameters, immune response and cecal microbial flora. The results indicate significant treatment effects on feed intake and growth performance, with a higher feed intake of ADG and FCR in treatment groups (p < 0.05). Serum lipid parameters were unaffected, but creatine kinase increased with ASA and VC intake (p < 0.05). Changes in sheep red blood cell titers and influenza antibodies were noted (p < 0.05). The combination of ASA and VC positively influenced carcass traits, reducing abdominal fat and altering the ratio of immune response organs to body weight (p < 0.05). Additionally, the cecal E. coli count decreased with treatment (p < 0.05). This study underscores the intricate interactions between ASA and VC supplementation, growth performance and carcass composition and immune response in broilers. Further research is warranted to explore dosage nuances and variations under specific stress conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Ferronato
- Department of Civil Engineering, Architecture, Environment, Land Planning and Mathematics (DICATAM), Università degli Studi di Brescia, 25121 Brescia, Italy
| | - Masoomeh Tavakoli
- Department of Animal Science, Rasht Branch, Islamic Azad University, Rasht 41335-3516, Iran; (M.T.); (M.B.)
| | - Mehrdad Bouyeh
- Department of Animal Science, Rasht Branch, Islamic Azad University, Rasht 41335-3516, Iran; (M.T.); (M.B.)
| | - Alireza Seidavi
- Department of Animal Science, Rasht Branch, Islamic Azad University, Rasht 41335-3516, Iran; (M.T.); (M.B.)
| | - Lourdes Suárez Ramírez
- Department of Animal Pathology, Animal Production, Bromatology and Food Technology, Veterinary Faculty, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, 35412 Arucas, Spain;
| | - Aldo Prandini
- Department of Animal Sciences, Food and Nutrition (DIANA), Università Cattolica Sacro Cuore, 29122 Piacenza, Italy;
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Rostampour B, Chamani M, Seidavi A, Zarei A, Karimi N. The effect of Froriepia subpinnata on the performance, carcass characteristics, blood parameters, immune system, microbial population, intestinal morphology, and breast meat fatty acid content of broiler chickens. Trop Anim Health Prod 2024; 56:43. [PMID: 38217627 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-024-03887-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2024]
Abstract
The present experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of F. subpinnata powder (FSP) on the performance, carcass characteristics, blood parameters, immune system, microbial population, intestinal morphology, and percentage of fatty acids in the breast meat of broiler chickens. A total of 300 day-old male chickens from the ROSS 308 strain were used in the form of a completely random design with four treatments of five replicates (15 birds each). The experimental treatments were, respectively, (1) control with base diet (without additives), (2) base diet + 1% FSP, (3) base diet + 2% FSP, and (4) base diet + 3% FSP. The results showed that the feed intake and weight gain increased in the treatments containing 2% and 3% FSP when compared to the control (P < 0.05). Cholesterol and ALT levels in the treatment containing 3% FSP were lower that the control (P < 0.05), while the concentration of glutathione peroxidase enzyme in the treatment containing 3% FSP significantly increased (P < 0.05). Thymus weight and antibodies produced against AIV in all three levels of FSP increased significantly compared to the control (P < 0.05). The population of lactobacilli and coliforms in the treatments containing FSP increased and decreased significantly compared to the control (P < 0.05). The length and width of the intestinal villi of the chickens that were fed with 3% of FSP had a significant increase compared to the control (P < 0.05). The percentage of saturated fatty acids in the breast decreased significantly with the consumption of all three levels of FSP (P < 0.001). In general, the results showed that the use of 3% FSP in the broiler diet increased the efficiency of growth performance and enzyme activity, while strengthening the immune system, favorably altering the intestinal microbial population, and reducing the fat in breast meat.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Babak Rostampour
- Department of Animal Science, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, 1477893855, Iran
| | - Mohammad Chamani
- Department of Animal Science, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, 1477893855, Iran.
| | - Alireza Seidavi
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Rasht Branch, Islamic Azad University, Rasht, Iran
| | - Abolfazl Zarei
- Department of Animal Science, Karaj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Karaj, Iran
| | - Naser Karimi
- Department of Animal Science, Varamin-Pishva Branch, Islamic Azad University, Varamin, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Tufarelli V, Ghavami N, Nosrati M, Rasouli B, Kadim IT, Suárez Ramírez L, Gorlov I, Slozhenkina M, Mosolov A, Seidavi A, Ayasan T, Laudadio V. The effects of peppermint ( Mentha piperita L.) and chicory ( Cichorium intybus L.) in comparison with a prebiotic on productive performance, blood constituents, immunity and intestinal microflora in broiler chickens. Anim Biotechnol 2023; 34:3046-3052. [PMID: 36227283 DOI: 10.1080/10495398.2022.2130798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
A total of 320 one-day-old broiler chickens were used in a 42-day feeding trial to evaluate the effects of peppermint (Mentha piperita L.) and chicory (Cichorium intybus L.) in comparison with a prebiotic on-growth performance, blood constitutes, immunity and intestinal microflora. The dietary treatments were as follows: basal diet (control); control + prebiotic (Fermacto™); control + 0.1% peppermint; control + 0.1% chicory, respectively. A significant (p < 0.05) body weight gain and feed intake was found at 21 and 42 days of growth period in broilers fed diet supplemented with 0.1% chicory compared with other groups. Feeding of prebiotic or chicory led to higher (p < 0.05) feed intake. Chickens fed control diet had higher (p < 0.05) abdominal fat compared with the other groups. Serum blood constituents indicated that broilers fed prebiotic or supplemented with peppermint or chicory had reduced (p < 0.05) levels of cholesterol, triglycerides and low-density lipoprotein than control group. Immunity-related parameters showed that chicken fed chicory had lower (p < 0.05) heterophil-to-lymphocyte ratio compared with the other groups. Intestinal microflora revealed that chickens fed prebiotic or herbals had higher count of Lactobacillus and lower E. coli than control. Thus, it can be concluded that broiler dietary supplementation with prebiotic or chicory can improve performance supporting positively health status.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vincenzo Tufarelli
- Department of DETO, Section of Veterinary Science and Animal Production, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Valenzano, Bari, Italy
| | - Narjes Ghavami
- Department of Animal Science, Rasht Branch, Islamic Azad University, Rasht, Iran
| | - Mehran Nosrati
- Department of Animal Science, Rasht Branch, Islamic Azad University, Rasht, Iran
| | - Behrouz Rasouli
- Department of Animal Science, Rasht Branch, Islamic Azad University, Rasht, Iran
| | - Isam T Kadim
- Department of Biological Sciences and Chemistry, University of Nizwa, Birkat Al-Mouz, Nizwa, Sultanate of Oman
| | - Lourdes Suárez Ramírez
- Department of Animal Pathology, Animal Production, Bromatology and Food Technology, Veterinary Faculty, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Arucas, Spain
| | - Ivan Gorlov
- Volga Research Institute of Production and Processing of Meat and Dairy Products, Volgograd, Russia
| | - Marina Slozhenkina
- Volga Research Institute of Production and Processing of Meat and Dairy Products, Volgograd, Russia
| | - Alexander Mosolov
- Volga Research Institute of Production and Processing of Meat and Dairy Products, Volgograd, Russia
| | - Alireza Seidavi
- Department of Animal Science, Rasht Branch, Islamic Azad University, Rasht, Iran
| | - Tugay Ayasan
- Kadirli Academy of Applied Sciences, Osmaniye Korkut Ata University, Osmaniye, Turkey
| | - Vito Laudadio
- Department of DETO, Section of Veterinary Science and Animal Production, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Valenzano, Bari, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Omidi S, Bouyeh M, Seidavi A. The effect of vitamin C and aspirin supplementation on the performance of turkeys under normal conditions. Anim Biotechnol 2023; 34:3395-3403. [PMID: 36448699 DOI: 10.1080/10495398.2022.2152037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the effect of vitamin C and aspirin on the growth performance of turkeys under normal conditions. For this purpose, 288 male turkeys, BUT6 strain, were used from 1-day-old to 12 weeks of age in nine treatments with four replications and eight birds per replication, as a 3 × 3 factorial experiment [three levels of vitamin C (V; 0, 250, and 500 mg/kg feed), and three levels of aspirin (A; 0, 75, and 150 mg/kg feed)] in a completely randomized design. Our results demonstrated that supplementing with vitamin C and aspirin had no effect on plasma total protein and albumin levels, but the data revealed significant effects on total cholesterol, triglycerides, very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL), and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) levels in the supplemental groups. Also, the interaction of vitamin C and aspirin significantly increased high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and decreased plasma malondialdehyde (MDA) and abdominal fat pad. The results of this study indicated the beneficial effects of vitamin C and aspirin supplements may be related to changes in plasma lipids and body fat under normal conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shahryar Omidi
- Department of Animal Science, Rasht Branch, Islamic Azad University, Rasht, Iran
| | - Mehrdad Bouyeh
- Department of Animal Science, Rasht Branch, Islamic Azad University, Rasht, Iran
| | - Alireza Seidavi
- Department of Animal Science, Rasht Branch, Islamic Azad University, Rasht, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Phillips CJC, Hosseintabar-Ghasemabad B, Gorlov IF, Slozhenkina MI, Mosolov AA, Seidavi A. Immunomodulatory Effects of Natural Feed Additives for Meat Chickens. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:1287. [PMID: 37374069 DOI: 10.3390/life13061287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 05/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Broiler chickens are increasingly kept in large numbers in intensive housing conditions that are stressful, potentially depleting the immune system. With the prohibition of the use of antibiotics in poultry feed spreading worldwide, it is necessary to consider the role of natural feed additives and antibiotic alternatives to stimulate the chickens' immune systems. We review the literature to describe phytogenic feed additives that have immunomodulatory benefits in broilers. We initially review the major active ingredients from plants, particularly flavonoids, resveratrol and humic acid, and then describe the major herbs, spices, and other plants and their byproducts that have immunomodulatory effects. The research reviewed demonstrates the effectiveness of many natural feed additives in improving the avian immune system and therefore broiler health. However, some, and perhaps all, additives have the potential to reduce immunocompetence if given in excessive amounts. Sometimes additives are more effective when given in combination. There is an urgent need to determine tolerance levels and optimum doses for additives deemed most suitable to replace antibiotics in the diet of broiler chickens. Effective replacement is most likely with readily available additives, such as olive oil byproducts, olive leaves and alfalfa. It is concluded that effective replacement of antibiotic function with plant-derived additives will be possible, but that further research is necessary to determine optimum doses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Clive J C Phillips
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, Estonian University of Life Sciences, Kreutzwaldi 1, 51014 Tartu, Estonia
- Curtin University Sustainability Policy (CUSP) Institute, Curtin University, Kent St., Bentley 6102, Australia
| | | | - Ivan F Gorlov
- Volga Region Research Institute of Manufacture and Processing of Meat and Milk Production, 400131 Volgograd, Russia
| | - Marina I Slozhenkina
- Volga Region Research Institute of Manufacture and Processing of Meat and Milk Production, 400131 Volgograd, Russia
| | - Aleksandr A Mosolov
- Volga Region Research Institute of Manufacture and Processing of Meat and Milk Production, 400131 Volgograd, Russia
| | - Alireza Seidavi
- Department of Animal Science, Rasht Branch, Islamic Azad University, Rasht 41335-3516, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Khan RU, Khan A, Naz S, Ullah Q, Puvača N, Laudadio V, Mazzei D, Seidavi A, Ayasan T, Tufarelli V. Pros and Cons of Dietary Vitamin A and Its Precursors in Poultry Health and Production: A Comprehensive Review. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12051131. [PMID: 37237998 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12051131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Revised: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Vitamin A is a fat-soluble vitamin that cannot be synthesized in the body and must be obtained through diet. Despite being one of the earliest vitamins identified, a complete range of biological actions is still unknown. Carotenoids are a category of roughly 600 chemicals that are structurally related to vitamin A. Vitamin A can be present in the body in the form of retinol, retinal, and retinoic acid. Vitamins are required in minute amounts, yet they are critical for health, maintenance, and performing key biological functions in the body, such as growth, embryo development, epithelial cell differentiation, and immune function. Vitamin A deficiency induces a variety of problems, including lack of appetite, decreased development and immunity, and susceptibility to many diseases. Dietary preformed vitamin A, provitamin A, and several classes of carotenoids can be used to meet vitamin A requirements. The aim of this review is to compile the available scientific literature regarding the sources and important functions, such as growth, immunity, antioxidant, and other biological activities of vitamin A in poultry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rifat Ullah Khan
- Faculty of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Sciences, College of Veterinary Sciences, The University of Agriculture, Peshawar 25000, Pakistan
| | - Aamir Khan
- Directorate General (Research), Livestock and Dairy Development Department, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Peshawar 59000, Pakistan
| | - Shabana Naz
- Department of Zoology, Government College University, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Qudrat Ullah
- Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, The University of Agriculture, Dera Ismail Khan 29220, Pakistan
| | - Nikola Puvača
- Faculty of Economics and Engineering Management, University Business Academy in Novi, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Vito Laudadio
- Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Jonian Area, Section of Veterinary Science and Animal Production, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70010 Valenzano, Italy
| | - Domenico Mazzei
- Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Jonian Area, Section of Veterinary Science and Animal Production, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70010 Valenzano, Italy
| | - Alireza Seidavi
- Department of Animal Science, Rasht Branch, Islamic Azad University, Rasht 41335-3516, Iran
| | - Tugay Ayasan
- Department of Organic Farming Business Management, Kadirli Faculty of Applied Sciences, University of Korkut Ata, Osmaniye 80000, Turkey
| | - Vincenzo Tufarelli
- Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Jonian Area, Section of Veterinary Science and Animal Production, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70010 Valenzano, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Kianfar R, Di Rosa AR, Divari N, Janmohammadi H, Hosseintabar-Ghasemabad B, Oteri M, Gorlov IF, Slozhenkina MI, Mosolov AA, Seidavi A. A Comparison of the Effects of Raw and Processed Amaranth Grain on Laying Hens' Performance, Egg Physicochemical Properties, Blood Biochemistry and Egg Fatty Acids. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:ani13081394. [PMID: 37106958 PMCID: PMC10135099 DOI: 10.3390/ani13081394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Revised: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/16/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
In order to investigate the effects of using different levels of either raw or processed amaranth (Amaranthus hybridus chlorostachys) grain on performance productivity, egg physicochemical properties, blood biochemistry and egg fatty acids, a trial was conducted using 168 Hy-line W-36 laying hens (67 week of age) in a completely randomized design with seven treatments and six replications of four birds for eight weeks. The trial treatments included the control group receiving no amaranth and the test groups receiving 5, 10 and 15% of raw or autoclaved (120 °C for 5 min) amaranth grain based on dry matter. The results showed that the use of processed amaranth up to the level of five and ten percent of the diet compared to raw amaranth resulted in a better performance than the control group (p < 0.05). The consumption of amaranth decreased blood glucose, cholesterol and triglyceride of trial birds without having a negative effect on their health and blood antioxidant status (p < 0.05). The use of different forms of amaranth in diets of laying hens had no negative effects on the physicochemical properties of eggs and led to the production of eggs with reduced yolk cholesterol and triglyceride; however, the omega-6 content in eggs and the ratio of omega-6/omega-3 increased (p < 0.05). In conclusion, the use of amaranth grain at low levels in the diet of laying hens can enhance the health of the bird and the production of quality and useful eggs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ruhollah Kianfar
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Tabriz 51666-16471, Iran
| | - Ambra Rita Di Rosa
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Messina, 98168 Messina, Italy
| | - Neda Divari
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Tabriz 51666-16471, Iran
| | - Hossein Janmohammadi
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Tabriz 51666-16471, Iran
| | | | - Marianna Oteri
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Messina, 98168 Messina, Italy
| | - Ivan Fedorovich Gorlov
- Volga Region Research Institute of Manufacture and Processing of Meat-and-Milk Production, 400131 Volgograd, Russia
| | - Marina Ivanovna Slozhenkina
- Volga Region Research Institute of Manufacture and Processing of Meat-and-Milk Production, 400131 Volgograd, Russia
| | | | - Alireza Seidavi
- Department of Animal Science, Rasht Branch, Islamic Azad University, Rasht 41335-3516, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Janmohammadi H, Hosseintabar-Ghasemabad B, Oliyai M, Alijani S, Gorlov IF, Slozhenkina MI, Mosolov AA, Suarez Ramirez L, Seidavi A, Laudadio V, Tufarelli V, Ragni M. Effect of Dietary Amaranth ( Amaranthus hybridus chlorostachys) Supplemented with Enzyme Blend on Egg Quality, Serum Biochemistry and Antioxidant Status in Laying Hens. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12020456. [PMID: 36830014 PMCID: PMC9952584 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12020456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023] Open
Abstract
A feeding trial was performed to assess the effects of dietary raw amaranth (Amaranthus hybridus chlorostachys) grain (RAG), with or without an enzyme blend, on the productive performance, blood biochemistry, and antioxidant status in laying hens. The trial was conducted following a completely randomized design by factorial method, including five levels of RAG (0, 10, 20, 30, and 40%, respectively) and two levels of enzyme blend (0 -E and 0.025 +E %). A total of 960 White Leghorn (Hy-line W-36) laying hens (56 weeks of age) were divided into 10 groups with eight repetitions, including 12 birds. The trial period was ten weeks. Results showed that RAG levels in feed (>10%) led to a significant decrease in blood total cholesterol (TC), but they also significantly decreased feed conversion ratio (FCR) (p ˂ 0.05) as measured by feed intake (FI), hen daily production (HDP), egg weight (EW), and mass (EM), leading to overall worse productivity compared to the control group. On the contrary, the addition of the enzyme blend led to an improvement in the investigated production traits (p ˂ 0.05), with the exception of HDP. The enzyme blend was also capable of recovering productive performance when combined with low concentrations of RAG (10%) (p ˂ 0.05), and RAG × enzyme blend groups showed the lowest values of TC (p ˂ 0.05). Moreover, the interaction effects for atherogenic index (LDL/HDL) indicated a significant and promising reduction in response to the addition of RAG both in the presence and absence of the enzyme blend (p ˂ 0.05), and this additive also significantly reduced levels of egg yolk cholesterol (p ˂ 0.05). In summary, the evidence gathered in this trial showed that dietary RAG had positive effects on egg quality characteristics, leading to the production of low-cholesterol eggs, and, at the same time, it may improve the health status of laying hens. Furthermore, the addition of an enzyme blend allowed feeding up to 10% RAG in the diet, leading to an optimal balance between animal productivity and the beneficial effects of RAG.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hossein Janmohammadi
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Tabriz 51666-16471, Iran
| | | | - Majid Oliyai
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Tabriz 51666-16471, Iran
| | - Sadegh Alijani
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Tabriz 51666-16471, Iran
| | - Ivan Fedorovich Gorlov
- Volga Region Research Institute of Manufacture and Processing of Meat-and-Milk Production, 400131 Volgograd, Russia
| | - Marina Ivanovna Slozhenkina
- Volga Region Research Institute of Manufacture and Processing of Meat-and-Milk Production, 400131 Volgograd, Russia
| | | | - Lourdes Suarez Ramirez
- Department of Animal Pathology, Animal Production, Bromatology and Food Technology, Veterinary Faculty, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, 35412 Arucas, Spain
| | - Alireza Seidavi
- Department of Animal Science, Rasht Branch, Islamic Azad University, Rasht 41335-3516, Iran
| | - Vito Laudadio
- Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Jonian Area, University of Bari ‘Aldo Moro’, Valenzano, 70010 Bari, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Tufarelli
- Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Jonian Area, University of Bari ‘Aldo Moro’, Valenzano, 70010 Bari, Italy
- Correspondence:
| | - Marco Ragni
- Department of Soil, Plant and Food Sciences, University of Bari ‘Aldo Moro’, 70126 Bari, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Tavakoli M, Bouyeh M, Seidavi A. Influences of dietary aspirin supplementation on growth performance, carcass characteristics and gastrointestinal organs of broilers. J HELL VET MED SOC 2023. [DOI: 10.12681/jhvms.27696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
This study was performed to investigate the effect of dietary aspirin (A) on some performance traits in broilers using a completely randomized design, 120 one-day-old male broiler chicks Ross 308, three levels of aspirin (0, 50, and 100 mg/kg), in 4 replicates, each including 10 chicks, during 42 days. The effects of different levels of aspirin, added to a basal diet, on performance, carcass characteristics, and digestive organs of chicks were investigated. Data analysis was performed by SAS statistical software and the comparison of the means with Duncan's test. The results showed that the chickens fed by a diet containing 100 mg/kg of aspirin had the highest feed intake and weight gain and the best feed conversion ratio compared to the other treatments. Also, the lowest production cost and the best European factor were related to treatment A100 (P<0.05). In addition, the use of the same level of aspirin resulted in a significant increase in some carcass properties and a decrease in ventricular fat compared to the control (P<0.05). So, based on the results of the present study, the use of 100 mg/kg aspirin in the diet of broilers is recommendable to improve some performance parameters.
Collapse
|
13
|
Ahmadpanah J, Seidavi A, Safari A, Badbarin S, Khan I, Colonna MA, Tufarelli V, Selvaggi M. Birth weight and stillbirth genetic parameter estimation in a river buffalo simulated population. Reprod Domest Anim 2023; 58:519-528. [PMID: 36645777 DOI: 10.1111/rda.14321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Revised: 12/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Stillbirth (SB) is a threshold character that has been detected as the most important factor affecting the future reproductive life of an animal. In buffaloes, stillbirth accounts for approximately 42% of all reproductive disorders being considered as the main reproductive disorder in buffalo calves. The present study aimed to estimate the heritability values and to determine the genetic and phenotypic correlation between stillbirth rate and birth weight (BW) using a Bayesian approach via Gibbs sampling method in a river buffalo population. A stochastic simulation was used to create a population in which random mating was used for 15 discrete generations. A bivariate animal model including maternal effects was used. Maternal effects were significant (p < .05) for both BW and SB. The results showed that when the SB rate increased from 1% to 50%, the estimated direct heritability of SB increased. Yet, by increasing the SB rate from 50% to 99%, a decrease of the SB estimated direct heritability was observed. The genetic correlation between BW and SB was decreased by increasing the level of occurrence of SB in the population from 1% to 99%. The root mean square error (RMSE) of heritability was increased from 40% to 70% level of occurrence of SB. Based on findings, it can be concluded that to reduce stillbirth rate in the population, it is possible to use genetic improvement program and birth weight could be one of the main components of a selection goal.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Javad Ahmadpanah
- Department of Animal Science Research, Ilam Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization, AREEO, Ilam, Iran
| | - Alireza Seidavi
- Department of Animal Science, Rasht Branch, Islamic Azad University, Rasht, Iran
| | - Abbas Safari
- Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran
| | - Sajad Badbarin
- Department of Animal Science Research, Kermanshah Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Agriculture Research, Education and Extension Organization, AREEO, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Imtiaz Khan
- Department of Weed Science and Botany, The University of Agriculture, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | | | - Vincenzo Tufarelli
- Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Jonian Area (DiMePRe-J), University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Maria Selvaggi
- Department of Soil, Plant and Food Sciences (DiSSPA), University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Baghban-Kanani P, Oteri M, Hosseintabar-Ghasemabad B, Azimi-Youvalari S, Di Rosa AR, Chiofalo B, Seidavi A, Phillips CJC. The effects of replacing wheat and soyabean meal with duckweed (Lemna minor) and including enzymes in the diet of laying hens on the yield and quality of eggs, biochemical parameters, and their antioxidant status. Anim Sci J 2023; 94:e13888. [PMID: 38018645 DOI: 10.1111/asj.13888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Revised: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023]
Abstract
Duckweed is a rapidly growing aquatic plant, which could be used in the diet of laying hens to enhance carbon capture and improve land use efficiency. Digestion may be improved by supplementation with exogenous enzymes. We replaced soyabean meal and wheat with duckweed in a 10-week study with 432, 60-week-old Hy-Line W-36 layers, divided into six isocaloric and isonitrogenous dietary treatments, each with eight replicates. Two factors were investigated: first, duckweed substituted for wheat gluten meal and soyabean meal at 0, 7.5 and 15% of the diet, and second, with and without a multi-enzyme supplement (500 mg/kg). Duckweed did not affect egg output or weight, but it improved yolk color (P = 0.01) and reduced the liver enzymes aspartate aminotransferase (P = 0.04) and alanine aminotransferase (P = 0.02) in serum, suggesting hepatoprotective effects. Enzyme addition did not alter the effects of including duckweed in the diet, but it increased feed intake (P = 0.03). It is concluded that, as well as offering the potential to increase land productivity, inclusion of duckweed in the diet of laying hens enhances egg yolk color and hepatoprotection, without detrimental effects on performance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Payam Baghban-Kanani
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
- Noavaran Arka Tejarat Kabodan Company, Urmia, Iran
| | - Marianna Oteri
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Babak Hosseintabar-Ghasemabad
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
- Darvash Giah Khazar Medicinal Herbs Complex, Rasht, Iran
| | | | - Ambra Rita Di Rosa
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Biagina Chiofalo
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Alireza Seidavi
- Department of Animal Science, Rasht Branch, Islamic Azad University, Rasht, Iran
| | - Clive J C Phillips
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, Estonian University of Life Sciences, Tartu, Estonia
- Curtin University Sustainability Policy (CUSP) Institute, Faculty of Humanities, Bentley, Western Australia, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Tufarelli V, Baghban-Kanani P, Azimi-Youvalari S, Hosseintabar-Ghasemabad B, Slozhenkina M, Gorlov I, Viktoronova FM, Seidavi A, Laudadio V. Effect of dietary flaxseed meal supplemented with dried tomato and grape pomace on performance traits and antioxidant status of laying hens. Anim Biotechnol 2022; 33:1525-1532. [PMID: 33955809 DOI: 10.1080/10495398.2021.1914070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
This study was carried out to determine the effect of dietary flaxseed meal (FSM) supplemented with dried tomato pomace (DTP) and dried grape pomace (DGP) on performance, egg quality, biochemical parameters traits and antioxidant status of laying hens. Birds (1825 ± 87 g of body weight) were divided into 12 dietary groups with six replicates per group (eight birds per replicate), under a completely randomized design with factorial arrangement 2 × 3 × 2 consisted of two levels of DTP (0 and 15%), three FSM levels (0, 4 and 8%) and two levels of DGP (0 and 5%). As a result of this study, there were no significant differences in egg production and weight as well in feed conversion ratio (FCR) among treatments (p > 0.05). Feeding of DGP reduced significantly feed intake and egg mass when compared to control group (p < 0.05). There was no effect (p > 0.05) of dietary treatment on shell thickness and strength, shape index, Haugh unit and egg specific gravity. Hens consuming 15% DTP and 5% DGP revealed a significantly higher yolk color compared to the other dietary treatments (p < 0.05). Moreover, there was no difference among dietary treatments in terms of serum low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL) and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL) cholesterol, atherogenic index, triglycerides, total cholesterol levels (p > 0.05). Serum antioxidant parameters as glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activity, malondialdehyde (MDA), total superoxide dismutase (TSOD) and total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) were not influenced by treatments (p > 0.05). Based on findings, FSM and DTP supplements did not significantly impact most of hens' performance indicators and egg quality parameters, whereas significant improvements were observed by feeding of 15% DTP and 5% DGP on egg traits, in particular on egg-yolk color that plays a key-role in consumer's choice. However, the supplementation of FSM and DTP or DGP even in laying hen diet is still controversial and further research is needed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vincenzo Tufarelli
- Department of DETO - Section of Veterinary Science and Animal Production, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Valenzano, Italy
| | | | | | | | - Marina Slozhenkina
- Volga Region Research Institute of Manufacture and Processing of Meat-and-Milk Production, Volgograd, Russia
| | - Ivan Gorlov
- Volga Region Research Institute of Manufacture and Processing of Meat-and-Milk Production, Volgograd, Russia
| | - Frolova Maria Viktoronova
- Volga Region Research Institute of Manufacture and Processing of Meat-and-Milk Production, Volgograd, Russia
| | - Alireza Seidavi
- Department of Animal Science, Rasht Branch, Islamic Azad University, Rasht, Iran
| | - Vito Laudadio
- Department of DETO - Section of Veterinary Science and Animal Production, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Valenzano, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Hosseintabar-Ghasemabad B, Janmohammadi H, Hosseinkhani A, Amirdahri S, Baghban-Kanani P, Gorlov IF, Slozhenkina MI, Mosolov AA, Ramirez LS, Seidavi A. Effects of Using Processed Amaranth Grain with and without Enzyme on Performance, Egg Quality, Antioxidant Status and Lipid Profile of Blood and Yolk Cholesterol in Laying Hens. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12223123. [PMID: 36428351 PMCID: PMC9686602 DOI: 10.3390/ani12223123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of feeding Amaranthus hybridus chlorostachys grain (AG) with (+E) and without enzyme (−E) on performance, egg quality, antioxidant status and lipid profile of blood serum and yolk cholesterol in laying hens. A total of 960 white leghorn (Hy-line W-36) commercial layers (56 weeks) were divided into 10 groups with 8 replicates per group (12 birds per replicate, including 3 adjacent cages with 4 birds each). A completely randomized design was implemented with a 5 × 2 factorial arrangement of treatments consisting of five levels of AG (0, 100, 200, 300 and 400 g/kg) and two levels of multienzyme complex addition (0 −E and 0.25 +E g/kg) fed to the hens for 12 weeks (2 wk. adaptation + 10 wk. main experiment). Feed intake (FI) and percentage of hen day production (HDP) were not affected by main effect of the AG level, but egg mass (EM) and egg weight (EW) were decreased (p < 0.01), and the feed conversion ratio (FCR) was impaired (p < 0.01). EM, EW and FCR were improved by enzyme addition (p < 0.01). EM, EW and FCR were affected (p < 0.01) by the interaction of AG and enzyme addition. The highest value of EM and the lowest value of FCR were observed in hens on the diet containing 200 g/kg AG with enzyme addition. Egg yolk cholesterol content was reduced (p < 0.05) by up to 10% with increasing levels AG in experimental diets. The egg quality traits, including Haugh units of protein quality, strength and shell thickness, were not affected by the main effects or interaction of AG and enzyme consumption. Amaranth feeding led to a decrease (p < 0.05) in triglyceride (TG) and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) while also promoting increases (p < 0.05) in the high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) of the blood. A comparison of the effects of contrasts showed that functional parameters (except FI), yolk cholesterol, antioxidant parameters (except MDA) and blood lipid profile had differed significantly (p < 0.05) between the hens fed amaranth versus those not fed amaranth. These findings indicate that feeding a diet containing up to 200 g/kg of AG with enzyme addition can improve EW, EM and FCR. Feeding laying hens diets containing AG also positively influenced blood traits and antioxidant status in laying hens while reducing egg yolk cholesterol content.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Hossein Janmohammadi
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Tabriz 5166616471, Iran
| | - Ali Hosseinkhani
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Tabriz 5166616471, Iran
| | - Saeid Amirdahri
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Tabriz 5166616471, Iran
| | - Payam Baghban-Kanani
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Tabriz 5166616471, Iran
| | - Ivan Fedorovich Gorlov
- Volga Region Research Institute of Manufacture and Processing of Meat-and-Milk Production, 400131 Volgograd, Russia
| | - Marina Ivanovna Slozhenkina
- Volga Region Research Institute of Manufacture and Processing of Meat-and-Milk Production, 400131 Volgograd, Russia
| | | | - Lourdes Suarez Ramirez
- Department of Animal Pathology, Animal Production, Bromatology and Food Technology, Veterinary Faculty, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, 35412 Arucas, Spain
| | - Alireza Seidavi
- Department of Animal Science, Rasht Branch, Islamic Azad University, Rasht 41335-3516, Iran
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +98-9113313073
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Belali M, Seidavi A, Bouyeh M. Effects of combined use of thyme powder and aqueous extract on growth performance, carcass and organ characteristics, blood parameters, enzymes, immune system and jejunum morphology in broilers. J HELL VET MED SOC 2022. [DOI: 10.12681/jhvms.27469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
This experiment was performed to evaluate the effects of Thyme Extract (TE) and Thyme Powder (TP) on growth performance, carcass and organ characteristics, blood parameters, enzymes, immune system, and intestinal morphology in broilers. The experiment was performed based on a completely randomized design with 5 treatments, 4 replications and 10 Ross 308 male broilers in each replication for 42 days. Experimental treatments included aqueous extract of thyme (50 and 100 mg/kg feed) and thyme powder (150 and 250 mg/kg feed) which were used in combination with the basal diet (control). The effect of treatments was analyzed by SAS statistical software and the means were compared at 5% probability level with Duncan's multiple range test. The results showed that in the final period of the experiment, different levels of TE and TP had a significant effect on daily weight gain, feed intake and conversion ratio improvement (P<0.05) so that the highest mean was related to treatment TE (100) + TP (250). The effects of different levels of TE and TP were significantly different on European index, economic value and total weight of the period (P<0.05), meaning that the highest means were related to TE (100) + TP (250), and the lowest means were related to TE (0) and TP (0). Different levels of TE and TP had significant effects on the relative weight of thymus, live weight, wing weight, ventricular fat and pancreas (P<0.05). The effect of different levels of TE and TP on the immunity was significant throughout the period (P<0.05). The higher levels of TE and TP increased the villi length, villi width, crypt depth, layer thickness and the ratio of villi length to crypt depth to the control treatment. Based on the results of the present study, the use of TE (100 mg/kg) + TP (250 mg/kg) in the diet is recommended to supplement the diet of Ross 308 broilers.
Collapse
|
18
|
Tavakoli M, Bouyeh M, Seidavi A. Effects of dietary aspirin supplementation on liver enzymes, immune response, cecum microflora and fatty acids profile in breast meat of broiler chickens. J HELL VET MED SOC 2022. [DOI: 10.12681/jhvms.27695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
The present study was performed to investigate the effect of dietary aspirin (A) on broilers. A completely randomized design using 120 one-day-old male broiler chicks Ross 308, three levels of aspirin (0, 50, and 100 mg/kg) was used in 4 replicates, each including 10 chicks, during 42 days. The effects of different levels of aspirin, added to a basal diet, on blood plasma parameters, liver enzymes, immune system, cecal microflora, and fatty acids profile of breast muscle of chicks were investigated. Data analysis was performed by SAS statistical software and the comparison of the means with Duncan's test. The results showed that the effects of aspirin on blood parameters, liver enzymes of broilers (except for alkaline phosphatase which significantly reduced), the humoral immune system in response to antigen injection as sheep red blood cell (SRBC), antibody titer against Newcastle and influenza virus were not significant (P≥0.05). The highest percentage of neutrophils and eosinophils was related to this treatment. Also, aspirin treatments increased numerically the levels of unsaturated fatty acids and decreased saturated fatty acids. Moreover, aspirin led to a reduction in the population of Escherichia coli. So, based on the results of the present study, the use of 100 mg/kg aspirin in the diet of broilers is recommendable.
Collapse
|
19
|
Faghih-Mohammadi F, Seidavi A, Bouyeh M. The effects of chelated micro-elements feeding in broiler breeder hens and their progeny: A review. Trop Anim Health Prod 2022; 54:323. [PMID: 36166153 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-022-03317-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Micro-elements are essential for the optimal feeding of broiler hens. Since the chelated micro-elements negatively affect the content of micro- and macro-minerals, there has been a tendency to apply them as an alternative to common mineral forms of micro-elements in poultry diets. This paper reviews the effects of chelates of micro-elements (iron, copper, zinc, manganese, and selenium) on broiler breeder hens' internal and external egg quality and their egg products. The use of chelated micro-elements compared to the mineral forms does not have a significant effect on the performance of broiler breeder flocks, but they have significantly positive effects on the internal and external egg quality of broiler breeder flocks. The chelated micro-elements were also better than mineral resources of micro-elements in improving fertility (0.59%), hatchability (0.81%), and reducing mortality of progeny (2.25%). Chelated micro-elements have no negative impact on blood biochemistry or the immune system of broiler breeder hens and decrease cholesterol (0.84 mmol/l) and triglycerides (0.04 mmol/l) in most cases in comparison with the other mineral forms. Therefore, chelated forms of micro-elements instead of the inorganic mineral forms in diets of broiler breeder hens provide better protection for birds and the environment and also improve egg quality.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Alireza Seidavi
- Department of Animal Science, Rasht Branch, Islamic Azad University, Rasht, Iran.
| | - Mehrdad Bouyeh
- Department of Animal Science, Rasht Branch, Islamic Azad University, Rasht, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Azizi-Chekosari M, Bouyeh M, Seidavi A, Ventura M. Effect of dietary supplementation with L-Carnitine and fenofibrate on broiler chickens. S AFR J ANIM SCI 2022. [DOI: 10.4314/sajas.v51i5.5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
A factorial experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of L-Carnitine and fenofibrate on broilers. There were four replicates of four treatments, with each replicate including ten male Ross 308 broiler chickens. The experiment was conducted over a 42-day period. The treatments consisted of two levels of L-Carnitine (200 and 400 mg/kg) and two levels of fenofibrate (50 and 100 mg/kg) as supplements to a basal diet. Growth, carcass characteristics, serum constituents, immune system responsiveness, cecal microflora, sensory attributes and fatty acid profiles of breast meat, and small intestine histology were characterized. During the finishing period, the chickens fed a diet containing 400 mg/kg L-Carnitine and 50 or 100 mg/kg fenofibrate had lower feed intake andfeed conversion ratio (FCR) and higher weight than the other treatments. Application of 400 mg/kg L-Carnitine in combination with two levels of fenofibrate reduced ventricular fat (P <0.05), cholesterol (P <0.01), triglycerides (P <0.05), and very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) (P <0.05). These treatments increased antibody titers against Newcastle disease (ND)and avian influenza virus (AIV). Among the sensory properties of breast meat, experimental treatments had a significant effect only on its aroma (P <0.05). In general, supplementing the diet of Ross 308 broilers with 400 mg/kg L-Carnitine and 50 or 100 mg/kg of fenofibrate is recommended.
Collapse
|
21
|
Shabani M, De Marzo D, Esmailzadeh L, Seidavi A, Laudadio V, Tufarelli V. Early phase dietary supplementation of lipase and lecithin affects performance, haematology and immunology of broilers. S AFR J ANIM SCI 2022. [DOI: 10.4314/sajas.v51i5.14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
A total of 192 one-day-old Ross 308 chicks were weighed individually (42.0 ± 0.8 g live weight) and randomly assigned to four dietary groups, each with three replicates of 16 birds. One group was a control (CON) and fed a starter diet without supplementation. The other three groups were fed the same starter diet during the starter phase (1 - 10 days old) supplemented with lecithin (LEC) at 0.05 g/kg diet or lipase (LIP) at 0.05 g/kg, or a combination (LEC+LIP) at 0.05 + 0.05 g/kg. No significant effects of supplementation with LEC and LIP on feed intake of broilers were observed during the starter phase, whereas bodyweight gain increased after the combined addition of these supplemental ingredients. Thus, final bodyweight was greater in LEC+LIP broilers compared with the other groups. Dietary supplementation with LEC or LIP had a positive effect on final bodyweight. However, the effect was less than the simultaneous supplementation of LEC+LIP. Moreover, the feed conversion ratio in the LEC+LIP group improved (P <0.05) in the finisher phase (25 - 42 days old). Carcass traits and blood parameters were not influenced significantly by treatments, whereas supplementing LEC+LIP stimulated the immune system of broilers significantly. Thus, it can be concluded that supplementing LEC and LIP in early-stage broilers supported their performance and immune response positively up to finisher rearing phase.
Collapse
|
22
|
Giro TM, Kozlov SV, Gorlov IF, Kulikovskii AV, Giro AV, Slozhenkina MI, Nikolaev DV, Seidavi A, Mosolov AA. Biomedical evaluation of antioxidant properties of lamb meat enriched with iodine and selenium. Open Life Sci 2022; 17:180-188. [PMID: 35415245 PMCID: PMC8932392 DOI: 10.1515/biol-2022-0020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Revised: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The article presents a study of the antioxidant properties of meat from lambs that received organic forms of iodine and selenium during growth. This meat was included in diets of laboratory animals using a model of acute toxic hepatitis. The experiments resulted in developing and testing a technique that was effective in enriching lamb with bioorganic elements of iodine and selenium and contributed to the activation metabolism in the bodies of animals consuming the meat. The purpose of the presented investigation was to compare the roles of bioorganic iodine and selenium and their combination as antioxidants in rat rations using a model of acute toxic hepatitis induced by carbon tetrachloride. The experimental studies have established a hepatoprotective effect of lamb meat enriched with selenium and iodine on rats suffering from toxic xenobiotic effects. This was confirmed by normalized hematological and biochemical measures in the blood of the experimental rats.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tatiana M. Giro
- Department of Technology of Production and Processing of Livestock Products, N.I. Vavilov Saratov State Agrarian University, Teatralnaya Sq. 1, Saratov 410012, Russia
| | - Sergey V. Kozlov
- Department Animal Diseases and Veterinary and Sanitary Examination, N.I. Vavilov Saratov State Agrarian University, Teatralnaya Sq. 1, Saratov 410012, Russia
| | - Ivan F. Gorlov
- Department of Livestock Production, Volga Region Research Institute of Meat-and-milk Production and Processing, Volgograd, Russia
| | - Andrey V. Kulikovskii
- Department of Technology of Production and Processing of Livestock Products, N.I. Vavilov Saratov State Agrarian University, Teatralnaya Sq. 1, Saratov 410012, Russia
- The Gorbatov’s All-Russian Meat Research Institute, Moscow, Russia
| | - Anna V. Giro
- Department of Technology of Production and Processing of Livestock Products, N.I. Vavilov Saratov State Agrarian University, Teatralnaya Sq. 1, Saratov 410012, Russia
| | - Marina I. Slozhenkina
- Department of Livestock Production, Volga Region Research Institute of Meat-and-milk Production and Processing, Volgograd, Russia
| | - Dmiytiy V. Nikolaev
- Scientific Laboratory Department, Volga Region Research Institute of Meat-and-milk Production and Processing, Volgograd, Russia
| | - Alireza Seidavi
- Department of Animal Science, Rasht Branch, Islamic Azad University, Rasht, Iran
| | - Alexander A. Mosolov
- Department of Livestock Production, Volga Region Research Institute of Meat-and-milk Production and Processing, Volgograd, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Azizi M, Bouyeh M, Seidavi A. Effects of different levels of fenofibrate on growth performance, carcase characteristics, abdominal fat, serum constitutes, immune system, caeca and microbial flora of broilers. Italian Journal of Animal Science 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/1828051x.2022.2032417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Azizi
- Department of Animal Science, Rasht Branch, Islamic Azad University, Rasht, Iran
| | - Mehrdad Bouyeh
- Department of Animal Science, Rasht Branch, Islamic Azad University, Rasht, Iran
| | - Alireza Seidavi
- Department of Animal Science, Rasht Branch, Islamic Azad University, Rasht, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Abstract
One of the most valuable medicinal plants is milk thistle (Silybum marianum) or martighal. An annual or biennial plant of the Asteraceae family and English name Milk thistle, a Matte green colour and prickly plant with a standing stem that can be thick, simple, or slightly branched (ramified). Its seeds contain about 70%-80% of the flavonolignans of silymarin and about 20%-30% of polymeric and oxidized polyphenolic compounds (such as tannins). Traditionally, the plant has been used to increase milk secretion, relieve menstrual cramps, lessen depression, decrease gallstones, and jaundice as well as improve functions of the liver, spleen, and kidney. This review reviews studies on the effects of adding milk thistle to quail diet. Consumption (0.5% and 1%) of milk thistle powder in the diet of Japanese quail significantly increased feed intake, body weight, and improved carcass components. Blood constituents including total protein and albumin were improved along with decreased HDL, ALT, and AST. The use of milk thistle levels (0.5% and 1.5%) significantly improved the antioxidant total of plasma. Consumption of silymarin in quail diet increased the number of white blood cells, calcium, vitamin D3, and albumin. Silymarin also decreased the relative weights of bursa of Fabricius and spleen. This review indicates that milk thistle can improve growth performance, feed conversion ratio, and immune system in quail.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Roshanak Khazaei
- Department of Animal ScienceRasht BranchIslamic Azad UniversityRashtIran
| | - Alireza Seidavi
- Department of Animal ScienceRasht BranchIslamic Azad UniversityRashtIran
| | - Mehrdad Bouyeh
- Department of Animal ScienceRasht BranchIslamic Azad UniversityRashtIran
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Seidavi A, Tavakoli M, Asroosh F, Scanes CG, Abd El-Hack ME, Naiel MAE, Taha AE, Aleya L, El-Tarabily KA, Swelum AA. Antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of phytonutrients as antibiotic substitutes in poultry feed. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2022; 29:5006-5031. [PMID: 34811612 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-17401-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Globally, there is increasing demand for safe poultry food products free from antibiotic residues. There is thus a need to develop alternatives to antibiotics with safe nutritional feed derivatives that maximize performance, promote the intestinal immune status, enrich beneficial microbiota, promote health, and reduce the adverse effects of pathogenic infectious microorganisms. With the move away from including antibiotics in poultry diets, botanicals are among the most important alternatives to antibiotics. Some botanicals such as fennel, garlic, oregano, mint, and rosemary have been reported to increase the poultry's growth rate and/or feed to gain ratio. Botanicals' role is assumed to be mediated by improved immune responses and/or shifts in the microbial population in the intestine, with the elimination of pathogenic species. In addition, modulation of the gut microbiota resulted in various physiological and immunological responses and promoted beneficial bacterial strains that led to a healthy gut. There is thus a need to understand the relationship between poultry diets supplemented with botanicals and good health of the entire gastrointestinal tract if we intend to use these natural products to promote general health status and production. This current review provides an overview of current knowledge about certain botanicals that improve poultry productivity by modulating intestinal health and reducing the negative impacts of numerous pathogenic bacteria. This review also describes the efficacy, negative effects, and modes of action of some common herbal plants applied in poultry as alternatives to reduce the use of antibiotics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alireza Seidavi
- Department of Animal Science, Rasht Branch, Islamic Azad University, Rasht, Iran.
| | - Masoomeh Tavakoli
- Department of Animal Science, Rasht Branch, Islamic Azad University, Rasht, Iran
| | - Fariborz Asroosh
- Department of Animal Science, Rasht Branch, Islamic Azad University, Rasht, Iran
| | - Colin G Scanes
- Center of Excellence in Poultry Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, 72701, USA
| | - Mohamed E Abd El-Hack
- Poultry Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44511, Egypt
| | - Mohammed A E Naiel
- Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44511, Egypt.
| | - Ayman E Taha
- Department of Animal Husbandry and Animal Wealth Development, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Alexandria University, Edfina, 22758, Egypt
| | - Lotfi Aleya
- Chrono-Environnement Laboratory, UMR CNRS 6249, Bourgogne Franche-Comté University, Besançon Cedex, France
| | - Khaled A El-Tarabily
- Department of Biology, College of Science, United Arab Emirates University, 15551, Al-Ain, United Arab Emirates.
- Harry Butler Institute, Murdoch University, Murdoch, Western Australia, 6150, Australia.
| | - Ayman A Swelum
- Department of Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Sharkia, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Zaker‐Esteghamati H, Seidavi A, Bouyeh M. The effects of Cynara scolymus and Silybum marianum on growth, carcass and organ characteristics, immunity, blood constitutes, liver enzymes, jejunum morphology, and fatty acid profile of breast meat in broilers. Food Sci Nutr 2021; 9:6692-6706. [PMID: 34925799 PMCID: PMC8645736 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.2620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Revised: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
To investigate the effects of adding Cynara scolymus (CS) and Silybum marianum (SM) dry extract to the diet of broiler chickens, a 2 × 2 factorial experiment was conducted using a completely randomized design with 4 treatments and 4 replicates. Ten one-day-old male broiler chicks of Ross 308 strain were used in each replicate. Experimental treatments included two levels of supplemental CS and MS, 250 and 500 mg/kg of dry extract of CS and SM, which were used in combination with a basal diet for 42 days. The 42-day trial was divided into 3 periods, 1-10 days, 11-24 days, and 25-42 days of age. The data were statistically analyzed using SAS software and means differences were tested for significance using Duncan's multiple-range test. The results showed that the effect of the experimental treatments was not significant on growth performance in the entire period (1-42 days), carcass characteristics, and weight of immunity organs. Feed cost per kilogram of live weight increased with supplemental of CS and SM (p < .01). Significant effects of CS and SM supplements were observed on antibody titer against influenza virus at 28 and 42 days and also on antibody titer against sheep red blood cells (SRBC) at 35 and 42 days. Feeding 500 mg/kg of both CS and SM in the diet of broilers resulted in the highest villus height and width, crypt depth, and percentage of oleic and linolenic acids. The results of the present study suggest that feeding 250 and 500 mg/kg of dry extract of CS and SM in the diet may have positive effects on the traits studied, but to save feed costs, only250 mg/kg is recommended.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Alireza Seidavi
- Department of Animal ScienceRasht Branch, Islamic Azad UniversityRashtIran
| | - Mehrdad Bouyeh
- Department of Animal ScienceRasht Branch, Islamic Azad UniversityRashtIran
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Sigolo S, Ahmadian A, Seidavi A, Gallo A, Prandini A. Effects of different dietary electrolyte balances on growth performance, carcass traits, blood parameters and immune responses of broilers. Journal of Applied Animal Research 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/09712119.2021.2009840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Samantha Sigolo
- Department of Animal Science, Food and Nutrition (DIANA), Università Cattolica Sacro Cuore, Piacenza, Italy
| | - Amir Ahmadian
- Department of Animal Science, Rasht Branch, Islamic Azad University, Rasht, Iran
| | - Alireza Seidavi
- Department of Animal Science, Rasht Branch, Islamic Azad University, Rasht, Iran
| | - Antonio Gallo
- Department of Animal Science, Food and Nutrition (DIANA), Università Cattolica Sacro Cuore, Piacenza, Italy
| | - Aldo Prandini
- Department of Animal Science, Food and Nutrition (DIANA), Università Cattolica Sacro Cuore, Piacenza, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Tufarelli V, Ghane F, Shahbazi HR, Slozhenkina M, Gorlov I, Viktoronova FM, Seidavi A, Laudadio V. Effect of in ovo injection of some B-group vitamins on performance of broiler breeders and their progeny. WORLD POULTRY SCI J 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/00439339.2022.2003169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vincenzo Tufarelli
- Department of Deto, Section of Veterinary Science and Animal Production, University of Bari ‘Aldo Moro’, Bari, Italy
| | - Farhad Ghane
- Department of Animal Science, Rasht Branch, Islamic Azad University, Rasht, Iran
| | - Hossein Reza Shahbazi
- Department of Animal Science, Kermanshah Branch, Islamic Azad University, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Marina Slozhenkina
- Volga Region Research Institute of Manufacture and Processing of Meat-and-Milk Production, Volgograd, Russia
| | - Ivan Gorlov
- Volga Region Research Institute of Manufacture and Processing of Meat-and-Milk Production, Volgograd, Russia
| | - Frolova Maria Viktoronova
- Volga Region Research Institute of Manufacture and Processing of Meat-and-Milk Production, Volgograd, Russia
| | - Alireza Seidavi
- Department of Animal Science, Rasht Branch, Islamic Azad University, Rasht, Iran
| | - Vito Laudadio
- Department of Deto, Section of Veterinary Science and Animal Production, University of Bari ‘Aldo Moro’, Bari, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Amouei H, Ferronato G, Qotbi AAA, Bouyeh M, Dunne PG, Prandini A, Seidavi A. Effect of Essential Oil of Thyme ( Thymus vulgaris L.) or Increasing Levels of a Commercial Prebiotic (TechnoMOS ®) on Growth Performance and Carcass Characteristics of Male Broilers. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:ani11113330. [PMID: 34828062 PMCID: PMC8614804 DOI: 10.3390/ani11113330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Revised: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
To investigate the effect of thyme (Thymus vulgaris L.) essential oil (TEO) or increasing inclusion of a prebiotic (TechnoMOS®) on growth performance and carcass characteristics of Ross 308 broilers, 400 one-day-old male broilers (43.5 g, as mean of body weight) were placed in 20 pens (2.0 × 1.0 m, with a floor area of 0.10 m2 per bird) in groups of 20, and each pen cage was assigned to a specific dietary treatment (four replicates per each one). The dietary treatments included basic diet (no additive; CTR), basic diet including 0.025%, 0.075%, or 0.125% of TechnoMOS® (MOS025, MOS075, and MOS125, respectively), or basic diet including 0.075% thyme extract (TEO075). All dietary treatments were offered from the beginning of the study until the end of the trial. There were no effects of MOS or TEO on carcass characteristics. No significant effects of treatment on weight gain were obtained on a week-by-week basis; however, CTR birds gained less weight during the grower phase and overall compared with MOS birds. The same contrast for feed intake revealed that CTR birds had greater feed intake than MOS birds during both the grower phase and overall (492.18 g and 486.35 g, respectively). In conclusion, treated groups showed an improved feed conversion ratio.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hossein Amouei
- Department of Animal Science, Rasht Branch, Islamic Azad University, Rasht 41335-3516, Iran; (H.A.); (A.A.A.Q.); (M.B.)
| | - Giulia Ferronato
- Department of Animal Sciences, Food and Nutrition (DIANA), Università Cattolica Sacro Cuore, 29122 Piacenza, Italy; (G.F.); (A.P.)
| | - Ali Ahmad Alaw Qotbi
- Department of Animal Science, Rasht Branch, Islamic Azad University, Rasht 41335-3516, Iran; (H.A.); (A.A.A.Q.); (M.B.)
| | - Mehrdad Bouyeh
- Department of Animal Science, Rasht Branch, Islamic Azad University, Rasht 41335-3516, Iran; (H.A.); (A.A.A.Q.); (M.B.)
| | - Peter G. Dunne
- Department of Applied Sciences, Dundalk Institute of Technology, Dublin Road, A91 K584 Dundalk, Ireland;
| | - Aldo Prandini
- Department of Animal Sciences, Food and Nutrition (DIANA), Università Cattolica Sacro Cuore, 29122 Piacenza, Italy; (G.F.); (A.P.)
| | - Alireza Seidavi
- Department of Animal Science, Rasht Branch, Islamic Azad University, Rasht 41335-3516, Iran; (H.A.); (A.A.A.Q.); (M.B.)
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Mirzaei M, Bouyeh M, Zahedi A, Seidavi A, Khan RU, Tufarelli V, Laudadio V, Abd El-Hack ME, Ragni M, Taha AE, Swelum AA. Influence of dietary L-carnitine and lysine-methionine levels on reproductive performance and blood metabolic constituents of breeder ducks. Reprod Domest Anim 2021; 57:253-261. [PMID: 34787945 PMCID: PMC9299044 DOI: 10.1111/rda.14047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Revised: 11/13/2021] [Accepted: 11/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The present study aimed to evaluate the influence of dietary supplementation of different levels of L‐carnitine and/or lysine–methionine (Lys‐Met) on reproductive performance of breeder ducks. Three L‐carnitine (0, 75 and 150 mg/kg) and three lysine–methionine (100%, 110% and 120% above the NRC (Nutrient requirements of poultry, 1994, National Academy Press) recommendations) levels were fed to 180 breeder ducks (144 females and 36 males) in a completely randomized design for 49 days. Laying performance and reproductive traits were evaluated; additionally, uric acid, total protein total, triglycerides, total cholesterol, low‐density lipoprotein, high‐density lipoprotein, aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) were assessed. The Lys‐Met above 100% NRC (Nutrient requirements of poultry, 1994, National Academy Press) recommendations with or without L‐carnitine improved feed utilization (p < .05). Furthermore, Lys‐Met above 100% recommendations without L‐carnitine improved egg fertility and hatchability. Fertility and hatchability improved in breeders fed on L‐carnitine with 120% Lys‐Met (p < .05). Serum glucose increased and total cholesterol reduced on 100% Ly‐Met without L‐carnitine or 110% Ly‐Met with 150 mg L‐carnitine (p < .05). Glucose was reduced, while total cholesterol increased on 75 mg L‐carnitine and 100% Lys‐Met (p < .05). Increasing Lys‐Met without L‐carnitine reduced serum protein (p < .05). Albumin and ALT increased on 75 mg L‐carnitine–100% Lys‐Met and reduced on 150 mg L‐carnitine–120% Lys‐Met (p < .05). There were no interaction effects on globulin, uric acid and AST (p > .05). Thus, based on findings, breeder ducks responded to dietary Lys‐Met more efficiently than L‐carnitine; however, more research is needed to evaluate also economic aspects related to L‐carnitine dietary supplementation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Mirzaei
- Department of Animal Science, Rasht Branch, Islamic Azad University, Rasht, Iran
| | - Mehrdad Bouyeh
- Department of Animal Science, Rasht Branch, Islamic Azad University, Rasht, Iran
| | - Afshin Zahedi
- Department of Veterinary Science, Rasht Branch, Islamic Azad University, Rasht, Iran
| | - Alireza Seidavi
- Department of Animal Science, Rasht Branch, Islamic Azad University, Rasht, Iran
| | - Rifat Ullah Khan
- College of Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Sciences, The University of Agriculture, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Vincenzo Tufarelli
- Section of Veterinary Science and Animal Production, Department of DETO, University of Bari 'Aldo Moro', Valenzano, Bari, Italy
| | - Vito Laudadio
- Section of Veterinary Science and Animal Production, Department of DETO, University of Bari 'Aldo Moro', Valenzano, Bari, Italy
| | | | - Marco Ragni
- Department of Agro-Environmental and Territorial Sciences, University of Bari 'Aldo Moro', Bari, Italy
| | - Ayman E Taha
- Department of Animal Husbandry and Animal Wealth Development, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Alexandria University, Edfina, Egypt
| | - Ayman A Swelum
- Department of Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Sharkia, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Nessabian S, Zarei A, Chamani M, Sadeghi AA, Seidavi A. Effects of different levels of zinc-glycine and zinc hydroxide on the performance, carcass quality, immunity and duodenum morphometric of the broiler chickens. Italian Journal of Animal Science 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/1828051x.2021.1953408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shahram Nessabian
- Department of Animal Science, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abolfazl Zarei
- Department of Animal Science, Karaj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Karaj, Iran
| | - Mohammad Chamani
- Department of Animal Science, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Asghar Sadeghi
- Department of Animal Science, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Alireza Seidavi
- Department of Animal Science, Rasht Branch, Islamic Azad University, Rasht, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Badbarin S, Ziaeddin Mirhoseini S, Rabiei B, Hossein-Zadeh NG, Khamisabadi H, Asroosh F, Perini F, Rovelli G, Seidavi A, Lasagna E. QTLs detection for mohair traits in Iranian Angora goats (Markhoz goats). Small Rumin Res 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.smallrumres.2021.106460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
|
33
|
Seidavi A, Tavakoli M, Slozhenkina M, Gorlov I, Hashem NM, Asroosh F, Taha AE, Abd El-Hack ME, Swelum AA. The use of some plant-derived products as effective alternatives to antibiotic growth promoters in organic poultry production: a review. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2021; 28:47856-47868. [PMID: 34302240 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-15460-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Improving poultry production, increasing poultry immunity, and reducing the disease spreading can be achieved by adding various potentially valuable ingredients to the feed or drinking water of poultry flocks. Because of the emergence of antimicrobial resistance, antibiotic growth promoters (AGP) in animal nutrition were prohibited. Additionally, consumer preferences tend towards purchasing products from livestock raised without antibiotics. Therefore, there is a critical need to find effective growth promoter alternatives and treatment methods for common poultry diseases. Some spice plants play important roles in improving the taste, aroma, and color of human food and their positive effects on human and animal health. The current review aimed to provide a broader perspective on some spice crops which can be effective alternatives to antibiotics in organic poultry production. These spices were including Thymus vulgaris, Cichorium intybus, Coriandrum sativum, Aloe vera, Heracleum persicum, Curcuma longa, and Glycyrrhiza glabra.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alireza Seidavi
- Department of Animal Science, Rasht Branch, Islamic Azad University, Rasht, Iran.
| | - Masomeh Tavakoli
- Department of Animal Science, Rasht Branch, Islamic Azad University, Rasht, Iran
| | - Marina Slozhenkina
- Volga Region Research Institute of Manufacture and Processing of Meat-and-Milk Production, Volgograd, Russia
| | - Ivan Gorlov
- Volga Region Research Institute of Manufacture and Processing of Meat-and-Milk Production, Volgograd, Russia
| | - Nesrein M Hashem
- Department of Animal and Fish Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Alexandria University, Alexandria, 21545, Egypt
| | - Fariborz Asroosh
- Department of Animal Science, Rasht Branch, Islamic Azad University, Rasht, Iran
| | - Ayman E Taha
- Department of Animal Husbandry and Animal Wealth Development, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Alexandria University, Edfina, 22578, Egypt
| | | | - Ayman A Swelum
- Department of Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Sharkia, Egypt.
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Retes PL, das Neves DG, Bernardes LF, Alves VV, Gonçalves NDC, Lima DDR, Alvarenga RR, Pereira BA, Seidavi A, Zangeronimo MG. Dietary crude protein levels during growth phase affects reproductive characteristics but not reproductive efficiency of adult male Japanese quails. Anim Biosci 2021; 35:385-398. [PMID: 34530517 PMCID: PMC8902231 DOI: 10.5713/ab.21.0060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective The objective was to evaluate the influence of different dietary crude protein (CP) levels during the growth phase on reproductive characteristics and reproductive efficiency as well as the body development of adult male Japanese quail. Methods Three hundred one-day-old male quails were distributed into five treatments with diets containing different CP levels (18%, 20%, 22%, 24%, and 26%) in a completely randomized design, with six replicates of ten birds each. The CP diets were applied only during the growth phase (1 to 35 days). At 36 days of age, the birds were transferred to 30 laying cages with three males and nine females each, and all birds received the same diet formulated to meet production-phase requirements until 96 days of age. Results The growth rate of the birds increased linearly (p<0.01) with increasing dietary CP, but the age of maximum growth decreased (p<0.05). At growth maturity, all birds had the same body weight (p>0.05). At 35 days of age, higher weight gain was obtained (p<0.05) with diets containing 22% CP or higher. No effects on feed conversion were observed in this phase. The increase in dietary CP enhanced (p<0.01) nitrogen intake and nitrogen excretion but did not affect (p>0.05) nitrogen retention. Testis size, seminiferous tubular area, number of spermatogonia, and germinal epithelial height at 35 days of age increased linearly (p<0.05) with dietary CP, while the number of Leydig cells decreased (p<0.01). The Sertoli cell number at 60 days of age increased linearly (p<0.01) with dietary CP. Dietary CP levels did not affect cloacal gland size, foam weight, foam protein concentration, semen volume, or flock fertility at 90 days of age. Conclusion Dietary CP concentration affected body and testicular development in male Japanese quails but did not affect reproductive efficiency.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pâmela Lacombe Retes
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Lavras, Lavras, 37200 Brazil
| | | | | | - Victoria Veiga Alves
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Lavras, Lavras, 37200 Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | - Alireza Seidavi
- Department of Animal Science, Rasht Branch, Islamic Azad University, Rasht, 4147654919, Iran
| | | |
Collapse
|
35
|
Affiliation(s)
- Alireza Seidavi
- Department of Animal Science, Rasht Branch, Islamic Azad University, Rasht, Iran
| | - Maryam Azizi
- Department of Animal Science, Rasht Branch, Islamic Azad University, Rasht, Iran
| | - Ayman A Swelum
- Department of Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Sharkia, Egypt
| | | | - Mohammed A. E. Naiel
- Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Ghane F, Qotbi AAA, Slozhenkina M, Mosolov AA, Gorlov I, Seidavi A, Colonna MA, Laudadio V, Tufarelli V. Effects of in ovo feeding of vitamin E or vitamin C on egg hatchability, performance, carcass traits and immunity in broiler chickens. Anim Biotechnol 2021; 34:456-461. [PMID: 34278962 DOI: 10.1080/10495398.2021.1950744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
The effect of in ovo feeding of different levels of vitamins C and E on egg hatchability, immune response, growth and carcass traits of broiler chickens were investigated. A total of 672 fertilized eggs were assigned to one of eight experimental groups having three replicates with 28 eggs as follows: (1) negative control (not injected); (2) positive control (injected with 0.2 mL deionized water); (3) vitamin C at 1 mg; (4) vitamin C at 3 mg; (5) vitamin C at 6 mg; (6) vitamin E at 0.5 IU; (7) vitamin E at 0.75 IU; and (8) vitamin E at 1.0 IU. At the end of incubation, the number of chicks hatched, and their individual body weight were recorded. Among hatched birds, a total of 240 mixed chicks were randomly selected (30 subject per group equally shared in three pen floors). Chicks were vaccinated against Avian Influenza, Gumboro, Bronchitis, and Newcastle disease virus. Performance parameters were weekly evaluated until 42 days of age. At days 28 and 42, broiler serum and spleen and Bursa of Fabricius relative weight were assessed as well as on day 42 the carcass traits. From results, in ovo injection with 3 mg of vitamin C or 0.75 IU of vitamin E, increased significantly (p < .05) the embryos hatchability when compared to the negative control. However, body weight at hatch and growth performance parameters showed no differences among treatments. Similarly, in ovo concentrations of vitamins C or E showed no differences on carcass traits, immunity-related organs weight or immune response for anti-Newcastle disease hemagglutination-inhibition and total immunoglobulins against sheep red blood cells (SRBC) when compared to the control groups. Based on findings, it can be concluded that in ovo feeding vitamins E and C supported positively chicken embryos hatchability demonstrating the key-role as antioxidant agents; however, further studies are currently being evaluated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Farhad Ghane
- Department of Animal Science, Rasht Branch, Islamic Azad University, Rasht, Iran
| | - Ali-Ahmad-Alaw Qotbi
- Department of Animal Science, Rasht Branch, Islamic Azad University, Rasht, Iran
| | - Marina Slozhenkina
- Volga Region Research Institute of Manufacture and Processing of Meat-and-Milk Production, Volgograd, Russia
| | | | - Ivan Gorlov
- Volga Region Research Institute of Manufacture and Processing of Meat-and-Milk Production, Volgograd, Russia
| | - Alireza Seidavi
- Department of Animal Science, Rasht Branch, Islamic Azad University, Rasht, Iran
| | - Maria Antonietta Colonna
- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Science, University of Bari 'Aldo Moro', Bari, Italy
| | - Vito Laudadio
- Department of DETO, Section of Veterinary Science and Animal Production, University of Bari 'Aldo Moro', Bari, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Tufarelli
- Department of DETO, Section of Veterinary Science and Animal Production, University of Bari 'Aldo Moro', Bari, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Ahmed F, Pudda F, Muzzeddu M, Schiavone A, Varcasia A, Nery J, Serra G, Seidavi A, Cappai MG. Excreta quality and digestive function of singly versus couple caged Sardinian partridges (Alectoris barbara barbara Bonnaterre, 1790) as non-invasive indicators of birds' coping ability to forced pairing. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl) 2021; 106:854-859. [PMID: 34148262 DOI: 10.1111/jpn.13594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2020] [Revised: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 05/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The Sardinian partridge is a monogamous wild bird species of least concern according to IUCN list at present, though formerly accounted among threatened species for decades. The creation of couples is crucial in captivity, because forced pairing in cages can lead to poor welfare of birds, specially of females. This study investigated the impact of single versus couple caging of Sardinian partridges during non-laying period based on the collection and interpretation of indirect and non-invasive parameters (feed intake; space availability; excreta quality; and nutrient utilization). A total of 24 couples of breeding partridges were enrolled for two consequent phases of a same investigation (lasting 15 days each). During phase 1, all couples were fed ad libitum with a pelleted complete diet (DM, 905 g kg-1 of diet; CP, 160 g kg-1 ; and EE, 25 g kg-1 ). In phase 2, each male from 12 out of 24 couples was moved to an identical cage close to that where the female remained alone, to keep visual contact. The rest of couples continued to be kept like in phase 1. During phases 1 and 2, feed intake and excreta outputs were recorded daily. Pooled excreta of the last 3 days from couples and single birds were assessed for pH and DM, CP and ash content. Nutrient digestibility was calculated. No significant differences were noted between single versus couple caging regarding body weight (438 vs. 422 g respectively) or nutrient digestibility. However, singly housed males reduced daily feed intakes and females increased daily feed intake per g-1 BW (0.041 vs. 0.052 g, respectively, p < 0.001). Our results suggest that singly caged partridges from permanent couples can improve the access to feed and reduce competition during the non-mating season.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fahad Ahmed
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Flavia Pudda
- Rescue Center of the Autonomous Region of Sardinia, FORESTAS, località Tottubella, Italy
| | - Marco Muzzeddu
- Rescue Center of the Autonomous Region of Sardinia, FORESTAS, località Tottubella, Italy
| | - Achille Schiavone
- Department of Veterinary Science, University of Turin, Grugliasco, Italy
| | - Antonio Varcasia
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Joana Nery
- Department of Veterinary Science, University of Turin, Grugliasco, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Serra
- Institute of BioEconomy, National Research Council, Sassari, Italy
| | - Alireza Seidavi
- Department of Animal Science, Rasht Branch, Islamic Azad University, Rasht, Iran
| | | |
Collapse
|
38
|
Saei S, Di Rosa AR, Rasouli B, Seidavi A, Chiofalo V, Liotta L, Chiofalo B. Ajwain ( Trachyspermum copticum) extract in broiler diets: effect on growth performance, carcass components, plasma constituents, immunity and cecum microflora. Italian Journal of Animal Science 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/1828051x.2021.1926347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shayan Saei
- Department of Animal Science, Rasht Branch, Islamic Azad University, Rasht, Iran
| | - Ambra Rita Di Rosa
- Dipartimento di Scienze Veterinarie, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Behrouz Rasouli
- Department of Animal Science, Rasht Branch, Islamic Azad University, Rasht, Iran
| | - Alireza Seidavi
- Department of Animal Science, Rasht Branch, Islamic Azad University, Rasht, Iran
| | - Vincenzo Chiofalo
- Dipartimento di Scienze Veterinarie, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Luigi Liotta
- Dipartimento di Scienze Veterinarie, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Biagina Chiofalo
- Dipartimento di Scienze Veterinarie, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Nikravesh-Masouleh T, Seidavi A, Solka M, Dadashbeiki M. Using different levels of energy and protein and their effects on bodyweight and blood chemistry of ostriches. Vet Res Commun 2021; 45:129-139. [PMID: 33913074 PMCID: PMC8373738 DOI: 10.1007/s11259-021-09792-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
To determine the effect of different dietary energy and protein levels on bodyweight and blood chemistry, 36 ostriches at 2 to 9 weeks of age for feeding conditions and 18 for blood chemistry parameters was used. The birds were divided into six treatment groups. Energy and protein levels of diet were 2400 and 2600 kcal/kg and 20%, 22%, and 24%, respectively. The feed intake and bodyweight gain were determined a weekly. Blood chemical parameters including glucose, HDL, LDL, total cholesterol, triglycerides, total protein, albumin, globulin, aspartate amino-transferase and alanine amino-transferase activity were determined. The highest weight gain during the whole experiment was observed in ostriches offered 2400 kcal · kg−1 dietary energy and 20% protein. The lowest level of total cholesterol and protein was observed in treatment V (2600 kcal · kg−1 dietary energy and 22% protein). The lowest level of glucose and triglycerides was noted after treatment I. The highest albumin and globulin concentrations were in treatment III (2400 kcal · kg−1 dietary energy and 24% protein) and treatment II (2400 kcal · kg−1 dietary energy and 22% protein), respectively. The energy level had no effect (P < 0.05) on feed intake and weight gain in all experimental period. The results of this study showed that with increasing energy and protein levels, most blood parameters increased in ostriches but total cholesterol did not.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Alireza Seidavi
- Department of Animal Science, Rasht Branch, Islamic Azad University, Guilan, 413353516, Rasht, Iran.
| | - Magdalena Solka
- Department of Genomics and Biodiversity, Institute of Genetics and Animal Biotechnology of the Polish Academy of Sciences, 05-552, Jastrzębiec, Magdalenka, Poland.
| | - Mohammad Dadashbeiki
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Rasht Branch, Islamic Azad University, Guilan, 413353516, Rasht, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Eghbaldost-Jadid R, Nosrati M, Rasouli B, Seidavi A, Phillips CJC. The Effects of Turnip ( Brassica rapa) Extract on the Growth Performance and Health of Broilers. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:ani11030867. [PMID: 33803631 PMCID: PMC8003009 DOI: 10.3390/ani11030867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2021] [Revised: 03/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Antibiotics are commonly added to the diet of chickens grown for meat to reduce bacterial contamination of their gastrointestinal tract. The bacteria reduce the efficiency of feed utilization and, hence, growth. However, there are concerns about the inclusion of antibiotics in the feed of chickens grown for meat, because of the development of resistance in the bacteria. As a result, scientists are searching for alternative feed additives. Turnip extract is known to have antibacterial properties but has not been tested in the diet of broiler chickens. We tested several levels of turnip extract in the water for chickens and compared their growth and the level of bacterial contamination of their gut with that of chickens given a standard antibiotic. Although chickens with the highest level of turnip extract initially had slow growth, those given a medium level of turnip extract had faster growth overall, better feed conversion, fewer Gram-negative lactose bacteria in their cecum and fewer antibodies in their blood, compared with those fed the antibiotic. This suggests that inclusion of turnip extract in the diet of chickens could provide an alternative to conventional antibiotics. Abstract There are concerns about inclusion of antibiotics in the feed of broiler chickens, because of the development of antibiotic resistance, leading to a search for alternative feed additives. Turnip extract is known to have antibacterial properties but has not been tested in the diet of broiler chickens. We allocated 200 broiler chicks to receive one of four levels of turnip extract in their water, 0, 150, 300 or 450 ppm, or a standard antibiotic, Virginiamycin, over a 42-day growing period. Although initially there were detrimental effects of providing 450 ppm, overall the 150 ppm level of supplementation increased weight gain, compared with birds given Virginiamycin, and decreased gizzard weight. Birds given 150 ppm or Virginiamycin had increased low-density lipoproteins (LDLs) and reduced very low-density lipoproteins (VLDLs) in their blood serum and reduced antibody responses to sheep red blood cells, compared to birds in the 450 ppm treatment. Birds given turnip extract at 450 ppm had fewer Gram-negative lactose and coliform bacteria than those provided with no turnip extract, and those provided with 150–300 ppm had the same as those provided with Virginiamycin. Turnip extract could potentially replace antibiotics included in the feed of broiler chickens for growth promotion and the control of bacterial infection of the gastrointestinal tract.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Reza Eghbaldost-Jadid
- Department of Animal Science, Rasht Branch, Islamic Azad University, Rasht 4135-3516, Iran; (R.E.-J.); (M.N.); (B.R.)
| | - Mehran Nosrati
- Department of Animal Science, Rasht Branch, Islamic Azad University, Rasht 4135-3516, Iran; (R.E.-J.); (M.N.); (B.R.)
| | - Behrouz Rasouli
- Department of Animal Science, Rasht Branch, Islamic Azad University, Rasht 4135-3516, Iran; (R.E.-J.); (M.N.); (B.R.)
| | - Alireza Seidavi
- Department of Animal Science, Rasht Branch, Islamic Azad University, Rasht 4135-3516, Iran; (R.E.-J.); (M.N.); (B.R.)
- Correspondence: (A.S.); (C.J.C.P.); Tel.: +98-911-331-3073 (A.S.); +617-5465-4912 or +040-634-0133 (C.J.C.P.)
| | - Clive J. C. Phillips
- Curtin University Sustainable Policy (CUSP) Institute, Curtin University, Kent St., Bentley, Western Australia 6102, Australia
- Correspondence: (A.S.); (C.J.C.P.); Tel.: +98-911-331-3073 (A.S.); +617-5465-4912 or +040-634-0133 (C.J.C.P.)
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Liu W, Rouzmehr F, Wang X, Seidavi A. Green tea dietary supplementation in broiler chickens: Effect on the development of chicken intestine. Food Sci Nutr 2021; 9:1530-1541. [PMID: 33747467 PMCID: PMC7958576 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.2126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2020] [Revised: 12/28/2020] [Accepted: 12/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
This experiment explored the dietary effects of green tea (Camellia sinensis) in feed supplementation on the development of broiler chicks. Totally, two hundred and seventy-day-old male broiler chicks were assigned to 27 broiler groups each with 10 individuals (initial mean body weight 44.2 ± 1.3 g) in a 4 × 2 factorial arrangement. Each chicken group was supplemented with the feed additives of green tea powder. The trial data were measured and obtained based on the records of carcass traits and intestine characteristics of broiler chicken fed with four different additive levels of green tea (0.25%, 0.50%, 0.75%, and 1.00%). The experiment lasted for two trial periods of 21 days and 42 days for each treatment of the green tea supplement with full records of broiler traits. There were interesting results recorded in the majority of broiler intestinal traits between the two trial periods. There are a few significant differences (p < .05) observed among multiple comparisons of some intestinal traits in broiler chicks such as colon diameter (p = .022) and jejunum width (p = .01). The most significant differences exist in these intestinal traits of chicken right and left cecum among broiler chicks fed with dietary green tea powder (p < .05). The other intestinal characteristics of broiler chicks were recorded from single treatment are insignificantly distinguished compared with the control groups. There are also some near significant differences of chicken intestinal carcass traits and characteristics. These results and experimental data of this study extend the current knowledge on the dietary effects of green tea in chicken raising and feeding with dietary supplementation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wuyi Liu
- Department of Biological SciencesAnhui engineering technology research center of Anti‐aging Chinese Herbal MedicineFuyang Normal UniversityFuyang CityChina
| | - Fariba Rouzmehr
- Department of Animal ScienceRasht BranchIslamic Azad UniversityRashtIran
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of Biological SciencesAnhui engineering technology research center of Anti‐aging Chinese Herbal MedicineFuyang Normal UniversityFuyang CityChina
| | - Alireza Seidavi
- Department of Animal ScienceRasht BranchIslamic Azad UniversityRashtIran
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Tufarelli V, Baghban-Kanani P, Azimi-Youvalari S, Hosseintabar-Ghasemabad B, Slozhenkina M, Gorlov I, Seidavi A, Ayaşan T, Laudadio V. Effects of Horsetail ( Equisetum arvense) and Spirulina ( Spirulina platensis) Dietary Supplementation on Laying Hens Productivity and Oxidative Status. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:ani11020335. [PMID: 33525736 PMCID: PMC7911488 DOI: 10.3390/ani11020335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Revised: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary In the last decade, the interest in plants, plant extracts, and derived phytochemicals as dietary additives for poultry has significantly increased. This study aimed to investigate the effects of different dietary levels of both horsetail and spirulina on performance, egg quantitative and qualitative traits, serum and yolk cholesterol, and antioxidant status of laying hens. Based on the findings, supplementing laying hen diet with horsetail and spirulina did not have a detrimental effect on productive parameters. Abstract The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of dietary horsetail (Equisetum arvense) and spirulina (Spirulina platensis) supplementation on performance, egg quality, serum biochemical and antioxidant status of laying hens. A total of 648, 63-week-old Hy-Line W-36 layers were divided into nine groups with eight replicates per group (nine birds per replicate). A feeding trial was conducted under completely randomized design with factorial arrangement 3 × 3 consisting of three different dietary levels of horsetail supplementations (0, 0.25, and 0.50%, respectively) in combination with three levels of spirulina (0, 1, and 2%, respectively). Results showed that feed intake, egg production, egg weight and mass, and feed conversion ratio were not significantly affected by the dietary treatments. Eggshell thickness, strength, and yolk color were significantly improved in diets supplemented with 0.5% horsetail and 2% spirulina and their interactions. Egg yolk cholesterol was not significantly different among groups; however, a significant reduction was found when fed 2% spirulina. Serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) concentration decreased by supplementing 2% spirulina in diet; also, spirulina increased total superoxide dismutase (TSOD) and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) in laying hens. Overall, the findings indicated that the combination of horsetail and spirulina could have potential for improving the egg’s physical parameters, whereas spirulina was more effective in improving blood traits and oxidative status.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vincenzo Tufarelli
- Department of DETO, Section of Veterinary Science and Animal Production, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Valenzano, 70010 Bari, Italy;
- Correspondence: (V.T.); (A.S.)
| | - Payam Baghban-Kanani
- Department of Animal Science, University of Tabriz, Tabriz 5166616471, Iran; (P.B.-K.); (B.H.-G.)
| | | | | | - Marina Slozhenkina
- Volga Region Research Institute of Manufacture and Processing of Meat-and-Milk Production, 400131 Volgograd, Russia; (M.S.); (I.G.)
| | - Ivan Gorlov
- Volga Region Research Institute of Manufacture and Processing of Meat-and-Milk Production, 400131 Volgograd, Russia; (M.S.); (I.G.)
| | - Alireza Seidavi
- Department of Animal Science, Rasht Branch, Islamic Azad University, Rasht 41335-3516, Iran
- Correspondence: (V.T.); (A.S.)
| | - Tugay Ayaşan
- Osmaniye Korkut Ata University, Kadirli Academy of Applied Sciences, 80000 Osmaniye, Turkey;
| | - Vito Laudadio
- Department of DETO, Section of Veterinary Science and Animal Production, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Valenzano, 70010 Bari, Italy;
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Sigolo S, Milis C, Dousti M, Jahandideh E, Jalali A, Mirzaei N, Rasouli B, Seidavi A, Gallo A, Ferronato G, Prandini A. Effects of different plant extracts at various dietary levels on growth performance, carcass traits, blood serum parameters, immune response and ileal microflora of Ross broiler chickens. Italian Journal of Animal Science 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/1828051x.2021.1883485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Samantha Sigolo
- Dipartimento di Scienze Animali, della Nutrizione e degli Alimenti (DIANA), Università Cattolica Sacro Cuore, Piacenza, Italy
| | | | - Mahmoud Dousti
- Department of Animal Science, Rasht Branch, Islamic Azad University, Rasht, Iran
| | - Ebrahim Jahandideh
- Department of Animal Science, Rasht Branch, Islamic Azad University, Rasht, Iran
| | - Ali Jalali
- Department of Animal Science, Rasht Branch, Islamic Azad University, Rasht, Iran
| | - Noorouddin Mirzaei
- Department of Animal Science, Rasht Branch, Islamic Azad University, Rasht, Iran
| | - Behrouz Rasouli
- Department of Animal Science, Rasht Branch, Islamic Azad University, Rasht, Iran
| | - Alireza Seidavi
- Department of Animal Science, Rasht Branch, Islamic Azad University, Rasht, Iran
| | - Antonio Gallo
- Dipartimento di Scienze Animali, della Nutrizione e degli Alimenti (DIANA), Università Cattolica Sacro Cuore, Piacenza, Italy
| | - Giulia Ferronato
- Dipartimento di Scienze Animali, della Nutrizione e degli Alimenti (DIANA), Università Cattolica Sacro Cuore, Piacenza, Italy
| | - Aldo Prandini
- Dipartimento di Scienze Animali, della Nutrizione e degli Alimenti (DIANA), Università Cattolica Sacro Cuore, Piacenza, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Khazaei R, Requena F, Seidavi A, Martínez AL. Vitamins E and C Supplementation in Japanese Quail: Effects on Growth Performance and Biochemical and Haematological Parameters. Braz J Poult Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1590/1806-9061-2020-1269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|
45
|
Chashmidari Y, Esmaielzadeh L, Karimi-Torshizi MA, Seidavi A, da Silva Araujo CS, Araujo LF. Feed supplementation with vermi-humus and earthworm ( Eisenia foetida) powder on broiler productivity. Italian Journal of Animal Science 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/1828051x.2021.1932615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yousef Chashmidari
- Department of Animal Science, Sanandaj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Sanandaj, Iran
| | - Ladan Esmaielzadeh
- Department of Animal Science, Sanandaj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Sanandaj, Iran
| | | | - Alireza Seidavi
- Department of Animal Science, Rasht Branch, Islamic Azad University, Rasht, Iran
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
46
|
Laudadio V, Nasiri-Dehbaneh M, Bilal RM, Qotbi A, Javandel F, Ebrahimi A, Seidavi A, Slozhenkina M, Gorlov I, Dunne PG, Tufarelli V. Effects of different levels of dietary black cumin ( Nigella sativa L.) and fenugreek ( Trigonella foenum-graecum L.) and their combination on productive traits, selected blood constituents, microbiota and immunity of broilers. Anim Biotechnol 2020; 33:941-954. [PMID: 33325302 DOI: 10.1080/10495398.2020.1853138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
The effects of inclusion of powdered seeds of black cumin (B) (Nigella sativa L.) and fenugreek (F) (Trigonella foenum-graecum L.) on productive traits, selected blood constituents, microbiota and immunity of broilers were studied. A total of 648 day-old chicks were randomly assigned to nine treatments, with four pen replicates, each with 18 birds, including three levels of B seed powder (BSP; 0, 5 or 10 g/kg) and three levels of F seed powder (FSP; 0, 5 or 10 g/kg) in a 3 × 3 factorial arrangement. Neither powder affected feed intake. The FSP increased (p = 0.048) feed conversion ratio (FCR), but decreased daily BW gain (p = 0.02) between days 0 and 21, while BSP increased daily gain between days 22 and 42 and overall (both p = 0.005). Abdominal fat was decreased (p = 0.003) by BSP. Blood constituents were unaffected by either powder, but ileal Escherichia coli were decreased (p = 0.039) at day 42. The BSP increased a range of immunological titers, where BSP affected positively the measured variables. The interactions between BSP and FSP, specifically on broiler carcass cuts, suggested that where BSP is included at 10 g/kg, the inclusion of FSP at the same level may provide no additional benefit. Thus, while either powder could be included separately, the co-inclusion of both at 10 g/kg is not recommended.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vito Laudadio
- Department of DETO - Section of Veterinary Science and Animal Production, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Valenzano, Bari, Italy
| | | | - Rana Muhammad Bilal
- University College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Ali Qotbi
- Department of Animal Science, Rasht Branch, Islamic Azad University, Rasht, Iran
| | - Faramin Javandel
- Department of Animal Science, Rasht Branch, Islamic Azad University, Rasht, Iran
| | - Abbas Ebrahimi
- Department of Animal Science, Rasht Branch, Islamic Azad University, Rasht, Iran
| | - Alireza Seidavi
- Department of Animal Science, Rasht Branch, Islamic Azad University, Rasht, Iran
| | - Marina Slozhenkina
- Volga Region Research Institute of Manufacture and Processing of Meat-and-Milk Production, Volgograd, Russia
| | - Ivan Gorlov
- Volga Region Research Institute of Manufacture and Processing of Meat-and-Milk Production, Volgograd, Russia
| | - Peter G Dunne
- Department of Applied Sciences, Dundalk Institute of Technology, Dundalk, County Louth, Republic of Ireland
| | - Vincenzo Tufarelli
- Department of DETO - Section of Veterinary Science and Animal Production, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Valenzano, Bari, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Azizi M, Passantino G, Akter Y, Javandel F, Seidavi A, Bahar B, O'Shea CJ, Tufarelli V, Laudadio V. Effect of incremental levels of sumac (Rhus coriaria L.) seed powder on growth, carcass traits, blood parameters, immune system and selected ileal microorganisms of broilers. Vet Ital 2020; 56:185-192. [PMID: 33543914 DOI: 10.12834/vetit.1892.10049.3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2019] [Accepted: 09/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Sumac (Rhus coriaria L.) is a plant species belong to Anacardiaceous family that is worldwide diffused. The sumac seed power (SSP), produced by grinding dried fruits, is recognized to have defensive and beneficial effects on numerous health‑related problems. In this study, SSP was included in broilers basal‑diet to investigate the comparative effects of different levels of SSP on performance, carcass characteristics, blood parameters, immune system and ileal microorganisms. A total of 225, one day‑old male broilers (Ross 308) were randomly assigned to the five dietary treatments with three replicates per treatment. The experimental diets were: basal‑diet (BD); and BD including 0.05, 0.10, 0.15 and 0.20% SSP, respectively. During the whole feeding period (42 days), birds fed corn‑based grower (1‑21 days) and finisher (22‑42 days) diets, respectively. Results indicated that supplementing SSP had no effect on broiler body weight gain, feed intake and feed conversion as well as carcass characteristics (P > 0.05). Similarly, blood total protein, albumin, glucose and triglyceride were not influenced by dietary SSP. Conversely, serum total cholesterol and LDL‑cholesterol levels were decreased, while HDL‑cholesterol increased in all SSP fed groups compared to control (P < 0.05). In this study the addition of SSP in broilers diets did not show any effect on blood heterophils and lymphocyte. Moreover, the lactobacillus count remained unaffected by dietary treatments, while E. coli count in broiler ileal content was lower when fed 0.10% SSP than the other groups (P < 0.05). Thus, the present findings indicated a positive effect of feeding SSP (especially at 0.10% diet) on blood cholesterol levels and E. coli count in broiler chickens
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Azizi
- Department of Animal Science, Rasht Branch, Islamic Azad University, Rasht, Iran.
| | - Giuseppe Passantino
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bari, 70010 Valenzano, Italy.
| | - Yeasmin Akter
- School of Veterinary Science, University of Sydney, Camden NSW, Australia.
| | - Faramin Javandel
- Department of Animal Science, Rasht Branch, Islamic Azad University, Rasht, Iran.
| | - Alireza Seidavi
- Department of Animal Science, Rasht Branch, Islamic Azad University, Rasht, Iran.
| | - Bojlul Bahar
- International Institute of Nutritional Sciences and Food Safety Studies, University of Central Lancashire, Preston, United Kingdom.
| | - Cormac J O'Shea
- School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington Campus, Loughborough, United Kingdom. ormac.o'
| | - Vincenzo Tufarelli
- Department of DETO, Section of Veterinary Science and Animal Production, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Valenzano, Bari, Italy
| | - Vito Laudadio
- Department of DETO, Section of Veterinary Science and Animal Production, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Valenzano, Bari, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Jelveh K, Behrouz R, Seidavi A, Makovicky P, Hatzigiannakis E, Chatzispyroglou I, Milis C. Effect of dilution of broiler chicken diet with cracked maize on performance and intestinal morphology. J Anim Feed Sci 2020. [DOI: 10.22358/jafs/127687/2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
|
49
|
Hesami Y, Esmaielzadeh L, Karimi-Torshizi MA, Seidavi A, Vlčková R. Effect of diets containing earthworm powder and vermihumus on egg production, hatchability, blood parameters and immunity of Japanese breeder quails. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl) 2020; 105:316-325. [PMID: 32996195 DOI: 10.1111/jpn.13453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Revised: 07/31/2020] [Accepted: 08/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The present study is aimed to evaluate the effects of different levels of earthworm (EW) powder and vermihumus (VH) on the growth performance, humoral immunity response, plasma constituents and reproductive performance of Japanese breeder quails. A total of 336 birds were assigned to seven treatments in a completely randomized design from day 30 to 90 of age. The dietary treatments were carried out, one without any addition of EW and VH, the second had a standard rate of VH at 0.8%, while a range of EW additions was supplied from 0%, 0.5%, 1%, 1.5%, 2% and 2.5%. The effects of treatments on body weight and mortality were not significant (p > .05). The highest feed intake was observed in birds fed the diets supplemented with 1% and 1.5% EW (p < .05). The highest titre of antibodies against influenza virus and sheep red blood cells belonged to the EW and VH treatments (p < .05). The antibody titre against Newcastle disease virus vaccine was not affected by the treatments. In general, the birds receiving EW and VH had the highest egg weight, egg production and egg mass weight (p < .05). Nonetheless, various levels of EW powder negatively affected hatchability and increased mortality and leg disorders (p < .05). The results showed that the levels of dietary 1% and 1.5% of EW powder gave the best growth and reproductive performance to birds respectively.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yaser Hesami
- Department of Animal Science, Sanandaj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Sanandaj, Iran
| | - Ladan Esmaielzadeh
- Department of Animal Science, Sanandaj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Sanandaj, Iran
| | | | - Alireza Seidavi
- Department of Animal Science, Rasht Branch, Islamic Azad University, Rasht, Iran
| | - Radoslava Vlčková
- Department of Biology and Physiology, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy in Kosice, Kosice, Slovak Republic
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Hadaeghi M, Avilés-Ramírez C, Seidavi A, Asadpour L, Núñez-Sánchez N, Martínez-Marín AL. Improvement in broiler performance by feeding a nutrient-dense diet after a mild feed restriction. REV COLOMB CIENC PEC 2020. [DOI: 10.17533/udea.rccp.v34n3a02] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The use of early nutrient-restriction programs in broilers can prevent complications such as increased body fat deposition and its consequences. However, feed restriction not always gives the expected results. Objective: To assess the effect of two levels of feed restriction followed by a re-alimentation period with five increasing nutrient levels on growth performance and immune response of broiler chickens. Methods: A total of 330 animals were used. The treatments were: 25 (T25) and 35% (T35) quantitative feed restriction during the starting period, and 0, 2.5, 5, 7.5, 10, and 15% increased energy and protein contents during the growing and finishing periods. Results: For all the T25 treatments, except for T25-0, feed intake (FI) and body weight gain (BWG) were higher, and feed conversion rate (FCR) was lower (p<0.05) compared to the control treatment. In that group, the response of FI and BWG to the increased nutrient density was mostly quadratic (p<0.001), whereas that of FCR was linear (p<0.001). The FI and BWG results were less homogeneous in the T35 treatments, but FCR was lower compared to the control treatment (p<0.05) in all of them. The FCR showed no differences (p>0.05) between treatments during the finishing period. Conclusion: Feeding a nutrient-dense diet after a period of mild feed restriction gives the best results, while increasing nutrient density after a more severe feed restriction does not improve productive results compared to a standard diet. Carcass traits and immune function were not affected by restriction level or nutrient density.
Collapse
|