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Hong GH, Lee SY, Kim IA, Suk J, Baeg C, Kim JY, Lee S, Kim KJ, Kim KT, Kim MG, Park KY. Effect of Heat-Treated Lactiplantibacillus plantarum nF1 on the Immune System Including Natural Killer Cell Activity: A Randomized, Placebo-Controlled, Double-Blind Study. Nutrients 2024; 16:1339. [PMID: 38732587 PMCID: PMC11085399 DOI: 10.3390/nu16091339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2024] [Revised: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/27/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Heat-treated Lactiplantibacillus plantarum nF1 (HT-nF1) increases immune cell activation and the production of various immunomodulators (e.g., interleukin (IL)-12) as well as immunoglobulin (Ig) G, which plays an important role in humoral immunity, and IgA, which activates mucosal immunity. To determine the effect of HT-nF1 intake on improving immune function, a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study was conducted on 100 subjects with normal white blood cell counts. The HT-nF1 group was administered capsules containing 5 × 1011 cells of HT-nF1 once a day for 8 weeks. After 8 weeks of HT-nF1 intake, significant changes in IL-12 were observed in the HT-nF1 group (p = 0.045). In particular, the change in natural killer (NK) cell activity significantly increased in subjects with low secretory (s) IgA (≤49.61 μg/mL) and low NK activity (E:T = 10:1) (≤3.59%). These results suggest that HT-nF1 has no safety issues and improves the innate immune function by regulating T helper (Th)1-related immune factors. Therefore, we confirmed that HT-nF1 not only has a positive effect on regulating the body's immunity, but it is also a safe material for the human body, which confirms its potential as a functional health food ingredient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geun-Hye Hong
- IMMUNOBIOTECH Corp., Seoul 06628, Republic of Korea; (G.-H.H.); (S.-Y.L.)
| | - So-Young Lee
- IMMUNOBIOTECH Corp., Seoul 06628, Republic of Korea; (G.-H.H.); (S.-Y.L.)
| | - In Ah Kim
- Global Medical Research Center, Seoul 03737, Republic of Korea; (I.A.K.); (J.S.); (C.B.)
| | - Jangmi Suk
- Global Medical Research Center, Seoul 03737, Republic of Korea; (I.A.K.); (J.S.); (C.B.)
| | - Chaemin Baeg
- Global Medical Research Center, Seoul 03737, Republic of Korea; (I.A.K.); (J.S.); (C.B.)
| | - Ji Yeon Kim
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Seoul National University of Science and Technology, Seoul 01811, Republic of Korea; (J.Y.K.); (S.L.)
| | - Sehee Lee
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Seoul National University of Science and Technology, Seoul 01811, Republic of Korea; (J.Y.K.); (S.L.)
| | - Kyeong Jin Kim
- Department of Nano Bio Engineering, Seoul National University of Science and Technology, Seoul 01811, Republic of Korea;
| | - Ki Tae Kim
- IMMUNOBIOTECH Corp., Seoul 06628, Republic of Korea; (G.-H.H.); (S.-Y.L.)
| | - Min Gee Kim
- IMMUNOBIOTECH Corp., Seoul 06628, Republic of Korea; (G.-H.H.); (S.-Y.L.)
| | - Kun-Young Park
- IMMUNOBIOTECH Corp., Seoul 06628, Republic of Korea; (G.-H.H.); (S.-Y.L.)
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Fesmire CC, Peal B, Ruff J, Moyer E, McParland TJ, Derks K, O’Neil E, Emke C, Johnson B, Ghosh S, Petrella RA, DeWitt MR, Prange T, Fogle C, Sano MB. Investigation of integrated time nanosecond pulse irreversible electroporation against spontaneous equine melanoma. Front Vet Sci 2024; 11:1232650. [PMID: 38352036 PMCID: PMC10861690 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2024.1232650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Integrated time nanosecond pulse irreversible electroporation (INSPIRE) is a novel tumor ablation modality that employs high voltage, alternating polarity waveforms to induce cell death in a well-defined volume while sparing the underlying tissue. This study aimed to demonstrate the in vivo efficacy of INSPIRE against spontaneous melanoma in standing, awake horses. Methods A custom applicator and a pulse generation system were utilized in a pilot study to treat horses presenting with spontaneous melanoma. INSPIRE treatments were administered to 32 tumors across 6 horses and an additional 13 tumors were followed to act as untreated controls. Tumors were tracked over a 43-85 day period following a single INSPIRE treatment. Pulse widths of 500ns and 2000ns with voltages between 1000 V and 2000 V were investigated to determine the effect of these variables on treatment outcomes. Results Treatments administered at the lowest voltage (1000 V) reduced tumor volumes by 11 to 15%. Higher voltage (2000 V) treatments reduced tumor volumes by 84 to 88% and eliminated 33% and 80% of tumors when 500 ns and 2000 ns pulses were administered, respectively. Discussion Promising results were achieved without the use of chemotherapeutics, the use of general anesthesia, or the need for surgical resection in regions which are challenging to keep sterile. This novel therapeutic approach has the potential to expand the role of pulsed electric fields in veterinary patients, especially when general anesthesia is contraindicated, and warrants future studies to demonstrate the efficacy of INSPIRE as a solid tumor treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chris C. Fesmire
- Bioelectricity Lab, UNC/NCSU Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, Raleigh, NC, United States
| | - Bridgette Peal
- Department of Clinical Sciences, NC State College of Veterinary Medicine, Raleigh, NC, United States
| | - Jennifer Ruff
- Department of Clinical Sciences, NC State College of Veterinary Medicine, Raleigh, NC, United States
| | - Elizabeth Moyer
- Department of Clinical Sciences, NC State College of Veterinary Medicine, Raleigh, NC, United States
| | - Thomas J. McParland
- Department of Clinical Sciences, NC State College of Veterinary Medicine, Raleigh, NC, United States
| | - Kobi Derks
- Department of Clinical Sciences, NC State College of Veterinary Medicine, Raleigh, NC, United States
| | - Erin O’Neil
- Department of Clinical Sciences, NC State College of Veterinary Medicine, Raleigh, NC, United States
| | - Carrie Emke
- Clinical Studies Core, NC State College of Veterinary Medicine, Raleigh, NC, United States
| | - Brianna Johnson
- Clinical Studies Core, NC State College of Veterinary Medicine, Raleigh, NC, United States
| | - Shatorupa Ghosh
- Bioelectricity Lab, UNC/NCSU Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, Raleigh, NC, United States
| | - Ross A. Petrella
- Bioelectricity Lab, UNC/NCSU Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, Raleigh, NC, United States
| | - Matthew R. DeWitt
- Bioelectricity Lab, UNC/NCSU Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, Raleigh, NC, United States
| | - Timo Prange
- Department of Clinical Sciences, NC State College of Veterinary Medicine, Raleigh, NC, United States
| | - Callie Fogle
- Department of Clinical Sciences, NC State College of Veterinary Medicine, Raleigh, NC, United States
| | - Michael B. Sano
- Bioelectricity Lab, UNC/NCSU Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, Raleigh, NC, United States
- Department of Molecular Biomedical Sciences, NC State College of Veterinary Medicine, Raleigh, NC, United States
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Jelassi R, Dhouioui S, Ben Salah H, Saidi N, Mzoughi N, Ammi R, Bouratbine A, Aoun K, Zidi I, Chelbi H. rs401502 and rs11575934 Polymorphisms of the IL-12 Receptor Beta 1 Gene are Protective Against Colorectal Carcinogenesis. Front Genet 2022; 13:864419. [PMID: 35646062 PMCID: PMC9136319 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.864419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a major public health problem worldwide and in Tunisia. It ranks among the main cancers in terms of incidence and cancer-related cause of death. Its pathogenesis is currently considered to be multifactorial involving genetic and environmental factors. Recent studies have suggested that the gene encoding the β1 subunit of the IL-12 receptor, an important pro-inflammatory cytokine of the anti-tumor response, could be involved in the susceptibility to inherited CRC. Hence, it would be interesting to study the role of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) within the IL-12RB1 gene (rs401502 and rs11575934) in CRC susceptibility. Aim: Our purpose was to assess whether genetic variants IL-12RB1 +1196G/C (rs401502) and IL-12RB1 +705A/G (rs11575934) within the IL-12RB1 gene are associated with the sporadic CRC risk. Methods: A total of 110 Tunisian patients with sporadic CRC and 141 healthy control subjects were included in this study. Genotyping was performed by high-resolution melting (HRM) analysis. All results were confirmed by direct DNA sequencing or PCR-RFLP methods. Later, the allele frequencies and genotype distribution were established and compared between the control group and CRC patients. Results: The obtained results showed that the two target SNPs were in Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium (HWE) in both patients and controls. Minor allele frequencies of rs401502 SNP were 16.4% in CRC cases and 23.8% in controls. Mutant allele of rs11575934 SNP was present with 21.4% in CRC patients and 29.8% in control group. An association study showed a significant association of two target polymorphisms with CRC, according to the dominant genetic model with OR = 0.577, 95% CI = [0.343 to 0.972], p = 0.038 and OR = 0.547, 95% CI = [0.328 to 0.911], p = 0.02, respectively. Conclusion: In this study, we found, for the first time, a potential protective effect of two SNPs in the IL-12RB1 gene, namely rs401502 and rs11575934, in sporadic colorectal cancer in Tunisians.
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Affiliation(s)
- Refka Jelassi
- Laboratory of Medical Parasitology, Biotechnology, and Biomolecules, Pasteur Institute of Tunis, University Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
- Faculty of Sciences Bizerte, University of Carthage, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Sabrine Dhouioui
- Laboratory Microorganisms and Active Biomolecules, Faculty of Sciences of Tunis, University Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Hamza Ben Salah
- Laboratory of Medical Parasitology, Biotechnology, and Biomolecules, Pasteur Institute of Tunis, University Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Nasreddine Saidi
- Laboratory of Medical Parasitology, Biotechnology, and Biomolecules, Pasteur Institute of Tunis, University Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Nabiha Mzoughi
- Laboratory of Medical Parasitology, Biotechnology, and Biomolecules, Pasteur Institute of Tunis, University Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Radhia Ammi
- External Consultants Service Pasteur Institute of Tunis, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Aida Bouratbine
- Laboratory of Medical Parasitology, Biotechnology, and Biomolecules, Pasteur Institute of Tunis, University Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Karim Aoun
- Laboratory of Medical Parasitology, Biotechnology, and Biomolecules, Pasteur Institute of Tunis, University Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Ines Zidi
- Laboratory Microorganisms and Active Biomolecules, Faculty of Sciences of Tunis, University Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Hanen Chelbi
- Laboratory of Medical Parasitology, Biotechnology, and Biomolecules, Pasteur Institute of Tunis, University Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
- *Correspondence: Hanen Chelbi,
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Tong T, Wang Z, Xu Y, Shen J. Immunization with Pneumocystis carinii A12 1-85 antigen activates immune function against P. carinii. BMC Immunol 2021; 22:40. [PMID: 34174820 PMCID: PMC8236001 DOI: 10.1186/s12865-021-00436-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2020] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pneumocystis pneumonia (PcP), which is caused by Pneumocystis carinii, is a life-threatening infection that affects immunocompromised individuals. Unfortunately, chemoprophylaxis and dapsone are only effective for half of the patients with PcP, indicating that additional preventive methods are needed. We predicated the pneumocystis surface protein A12 sequence 1-85 by DNAStar software and BepiPred, and identified it as a potential vaccine candidate by bioresearch. METHODS We used recombinant A121-85 as antigen to immunized mice and detected serum titer of IgG, expression of inflammatory factors by EILSA, qRT-PCR and flow cytometry. RESULTS Our results showed that immunization with recombinant A121-85 increased the serum titer of IgG, promoted the secretion of T lymphocytes, increased the expression of inflammatory factors, and elevated lung inflammatory injury in mice. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that A121-85 is a potential vaccine target for preventing Pneumocystis carinii. The evaluation of A121-85-elicited antibodies in the prevention of PcP in humans deserves further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Tong
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, First Affiliated Hospital, Anhui Medical University, 218 Jixi Road, Hefei, Anhui 230022 People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhongxin Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, First Affiliated Hospital, Anhui Medical University, 218 Jixi Road, Hefei, Anhui 230022 People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuanhong Xu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, First Affiliated Hospital, Anhui Medical University, 218 Jixi Road, Hefei, Anhui 230022 People’s Republic of China
| | - Jilu Shen
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Anhui Medical University, 100 Huaihai Road, Hefei, Anhui People’s Republic of China
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Han Y, Ouyang K, Li J, Liu X, An Q, Zhao M, Chen S, Li X, Ye X, Zhao Z, Cai L, Wang W. Sulfated modification, characterization, immunomodulatory activities and mechanism of the polysaccharides from Cyclocarya paliurus on dendritic cells. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 159:108-116. [PMID: 32407946 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.04.265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2020] [Revised: 03/16/2020] [Accepted: 04/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
In this study, a crude and purified polysaccharide from Cyclocarya paliurus (CPP, CPP0.05) were performed with chlorosulfonic acid-pyridine (CSA-Pyr) method to obtain sulfated derivatives (S-CPP, S-CPP0.05). After comparatively investigating, characterization results showed that the modifications were successful. Polysaccharides were used to culture mouse bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (BM-DCs) to evaluate their immunomodulatory activity and explore mechanism. The functional activity of CPP was significantly stronger than that of the purified polysaccharide CPP0.05. Meanwhile, S-CPP showed stronger immunomodulatory activity than CPP through determination of cytokine expression levels. We found that p-JNK, p-p38MAPK and NF-κB p65 proteins were significantly increased by stimulus of CPP and S-CPP, blocking TLR2/4 could significantly decreased proteins above which proved that immune regulation effect of CPP and S-CPP on DCs was performed via MAPK and NF-κB signaling pathways by triggering TLR2/4. S-CPP could serve as potential immunomodulatory agents used as complementary medicine or functional foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Han
- Key Lab for Agro-product Processing and Quality Control of Nanchang City, College of Food Science and Engineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
| | - Kehui Ouyang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
| | - Jingen Li
- Key Lab for Agro-product Processing and Quality Control of Nanchang City, College of Food Science and Engineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
| | - Xin Liu
- Key Lab for Agro-product Processing and Quality Control of Nanchang City, College of Food Science and Engineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
| | - Qi An
- Key Lab for Agro-product Processing and Quality Control of Nanchang City, College of Food Science and Engineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
| | - Meng Zhao
- Key Lab for Agro-product Processing and Quality Control of Nanchang City, College of Food Science and Engineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
| | - Si Chen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
| | - Xiang Li
- Key Lab for Agro-product Processing and Quality Control of Nanchang City, College of Food Science and Engineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
| | - Ximei Ye
- Key Lab for Agro-product Processing and Quality Control of Nanchang City, College of Food Science and Engineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
| | - Zitong Zhao
- Key Lab for Agro-product Processing and Quality Control of Nanchang City, College of Food Science and Engineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
| | - Lei Cai
- Key Lab for Agro-product Processing and Quality Control of Nanchang City, College of Food Science and Engineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
| | - Wenjun Wang
- Key Lab for Agro-product Processing and Quality Control of Nanchang City, College of Food Science and Engineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China.
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The Immune System and Pathogenesis of Melanoma and Non-melanoma Skin Cancer. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2020; 1268:211-226. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-46227-7_11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Han Y, Ouyang K, Li J, Liu X, An Q, Zhao M, Chen S, Li X, Ye X, Zhao Z, Cai L, Wang W. Sulfated modification, characterization, immunomodulatory activities and mechanism of the polysaccharides from Cyclocarya paliurus on dendritic cells. Int J Biol Macromol 2020. [DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.04.265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Klimiec-Moskal E, Piechota M, Pera J, Weglarczyk K, Slowik A, Siedlar M, Dziedzic T. The specific ex vivo released cytokine profile is associated with ischemic stroke outcome and improves its prediction. J Neuroinflammation 2020; 17:7. [PMID: 31906994 PMCID: PMC6945431 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-019-1691-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2019] [Accepted: 12/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Inflammation is associated with poor outcome after stroke. A relationship between ex vivo cytokine synthesis and stroke outcome remains unclear. We explored an association between ex vivo cytokine release, circulating interleukin (IL)-6 as a marker of systemic inflammation, and stroke prognosis. We assessed the utility of ex vivo synthesized cytokines for predicting stroke outcome. Methods We collected blood from 248 ischemic stroke patients and stimulated it ex vivo with lipopolysaccharide. We measured concentration of synthesized cytokines (TNFα, IP-10, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, and IL-12) and plasma IL-6. We assessed functional outcome 3 months after stroke using the modified Rankin Scale. To assess the prognostic ability of cytokines, we applied multivariate logistic regression, cluster analysis, and construction of multimarker score. Results Decreased release of IP-10, TNFα, IL-1β, and IL-12; increased release of IL-10 and IL-8; and higher plasma IL-6 level were associated with poor outcome. Cluster analysis identified three groups of patients with distinct cytokine profiles. The group with the worst outcome demonstrated high synthesis of IL-10, IL-8, IL-1β, and IL-6 and low synthesis of IL-12, IP-10, and TNFα accompanied by high circulating IL-6 level. The group with the best prognosis showed high synthesis of TNFα, IP-10, IL-12, IL-1β, and IL-6; low synthesis of IL-10 and IL-8; and low plasma IL-6. Patients with intermediate outcome had low synthesis of all cytokines accompanied by low circulating IL-6. We constructed a multimarker score composed of ex vivo released IL-12, IL-10, TNFα, and plasma IL-6. Addition of this score to clinical variables led to significant increase in c-statistic (0.81 vs 0.73, p = 0.02) and net reclassification improvement. Conclusion The decreased ex vivo release of pro-inflammatory cytokines and increased release of IL-10 and IL-8 are related to poor outcome after stroke. Cytokine-based multimarker score adds prognostic value to clinical model for predicting stroke outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elzbieta Klimiec-Moskal
- Department of Neurology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, ul. Botaniczna 3, 31-503, Kraków, Poland
| | - Marcin Piechota
- Department of Molecular Neuropharmacology, Maj Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, ul. Smetna 12, 31-343, Krakow, Poland
| | - Joanna Pera
- Department of Neurology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, ul. Botaniczna 3, 31-503, Kraków, Poland
| | - Kazimierz Weglarczyk
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Institute of Paediatrics, Jagiellonian University Medical College, ul. Wielicka 265, 30-663, Krakow, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Slowik
- Department of Neurology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, ul. Botaniczna 3, 31-503, Kraków, Poland
| | - Maciej Siedlar
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Institute of Paediatrics, Jagiellonian University Medical College, ul. Wielicka 265, 30-663, Krakow, Poland
| | - Tomasz Dziedzic
- Department of Neurology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, ul. Botaniczna 3, 31-503, Kraków, Poland.
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Hu X, Yu Y, Feng J, Fu M, Dai L, Lu Z, Luo W, Wang J, Zhou D, Xiong X, Wen B, Zhao B, Jiao J. Pathologic changes and immune responses against Coxiella burnetii in mice following infection via non-invasive intratracheal inoculation. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0225671. [PMID: 31805090 PMCID: PMC6894818 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0225671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2019] [Accepted: 11/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Q fever is a worldwide zoonosis caused by Coxiella burnetii. Human Q fever is typically acquired through inhalation of contaminated aerosols, resulting in an initial pulmonary infection. In this study, BALB/c mice were infected with C. burnetii via an intratracheal (IT) route using a non-invasive aerosol pulmonary delivery device to directly place the living C. burnetii organisms into the lungs of the mice. The bacterial loads, pathological lesions, and antibody and cellular responses were analyzed and compared with those of mice infected via an intraperitoneal (IP) route. Compared with mice infected via an IP route, mice infected via an IT route exhibited a higher bacterial load and more severe pathological lesions in the heart and lungs at days 3 and 7 post-infection (pi). The levels of interferon-γ and IL-12p70 in the serum of mice infected via the IT route were significantly higher than those of mice infected via the IP route at day 3 pi. In conclusion, this murine model of acute C. burnetii infection via IT inoculation closely resembles the natural route of C. burnetii infection than that of IP injection. Thus, this newly developed model will be useful for investigating the pathogenesis and immunity of C. burnetii aerosol infection, as well as for the evaluation of therapeutic drugs and preventive vaccines of Q fever.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueyuan Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Fengtai District, Beijing, China
- College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Yuhua District, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Yonghui Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Fengtai District, Beijing, China
| | - Junxia Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Fengtai District, Beijing, China
| | - Mengjiao Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Fengtai District, Beijing, China
| | - Lupeng Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Fengtai District, Beijing, China
| | - Zhiyu Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Fengtai District, Beijing, China
| | - Wenbo Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Fengtai District, Beijing, China
| | - Jinglin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Fengtai District, Beijing, China
| | - Dongsheng Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Fengtai District, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaolu Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Fengtai District, Beijing, China
| | - Bohai Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Fengtai District, Beijing, China
| | - Baohua Zhao
- College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Yuhua District, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
- * E-mail: (JJ); (BHZ)
| | - Jun Jiao
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Fengtai District, Beijing, China
- * E-mail: (JJ); (BHZ)
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Leschak CJ, Eisenberger NI. Two Distinct Immune Pathways Linking Social Relationships With Health: Inflammatory and Antiviral Processes. Psychosom Med 2019; 81:711-719. [PMID: 31600173 PMCID: PMC7025456 DOI: 10.1097/psy.0000000000000685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Social relationships can both influence and be influenced by immune processes. Past work implicates two distinct pathways along which this interaction may occur: inflammatory processes and antiviral processes. This article reviews how social behavior is modulated by these two immune processes and how such processes may in turn regulate social behavior. METHODS This narrative review outlines existing work on social behavior and both inflammatory and antiviral processes. We propose an evolutionary framework that aims to integrate these findings. Specifically, social isolation has evolutionarily increased the likelihood of wounding and therefore increased the need for inflammation, which works to promote healing. Conversely, broader social networks provide protection from physical threats but also lead to increased pathogen exposure, necessitating a more robust antiviral response. RESULTS This review highlights that social adversity, such as social exclusion or loneliness, is associated with increased inflammation, whereas social contact is associated with increased antiviral immunity. Furthermore, increased inflammation leads to sensitivity to social stimuli, presumably to avoid hostile conspecifics and approach allies who may provide care while vulnerable. Individuals with inadequate antiviral immunity engage in behaviors that minimize pathogen exposure, such as reduced affiliative behavior. CONCLUSIONS This review suggests that adverse social experiences (social isolation, perceived social threat) may induce inflammatory responses while suppressing antiviral immunity, whereas positive experiences of social connection may reduce inflammation and bolster antiviral responses. Although acutely elevated inflammation would be adaptive under conditions where wounding is likely, chronic inflammation related to continued social adversity may have detrimental health consequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carrianne J Leschak
- From the Department of Psychology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
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Shahbaz SK, Sadeghi M, Koushki K, Penson PE, Sahebkar A. Regulatory T cells: Possible mediators for the anti-inflammatory action of statins. Pharmacol Res 2019; 149:104469. [PMID: 31577918 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2019.104469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2019] [Revised: 09/26/2019] [Accepted: 09/27/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Statins beside their main effect on reducing the progression of cardiovascular disease through pharmacological inhibition of the endogenous cholesterol synthesis, have additional pleiotropic effects including antiinflammatory effects mediated through the induction of suppressor regulatory T cells (Tregs). Statin-induced expansion of Tregs reduces chronic inflammation and may have beneficial effects in autoimmune diseases. However, statins could represent a double-edged sword in immunomodulation. Drugs that act by increasing the concentration of Tregs could enhance the risk of cancers, particularly in the elderly and may have adverse effects in neurodegenerative disorders and infectious diseases. In the present paper, we review the experimental studies that evaluate the effects of statins on Treg cells in autoimmune and inflammatory diseases and we discuss potential therapeutic applications of statins in this setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanaz Keshavarz Shahbaz
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mahvash Sadeghi
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Khadije Koushki
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Peter E Penson
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Halal Research Center of IRI, FDA, Tehran, Iran; Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Neurogenic Inflammation Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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Immunomodulatory effects of exopolysaccharides produced by Bacillus licheniformis and Leuconostoc mesenteroides isolated from Korean kimchi. J Funct Foods 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2019.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
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13
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Chen CL, Hsu PY, Pan TM. Therapeutic effects of Lactobacillus paracasei subsp. paracasei NTU 101 powder on dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis in mice. J Food Drug Anal 2019; 27:83-92. [PMID: 30648597 PMCID: PMC9298637 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfda.2018.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2017] [Revised: 05/09/2018] [Accepted: 05/10/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a form of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) whose exact cause is still unclear. Disruption of the intestinal microflora is considered one of the main causes of the disease. Lactobacillus paracasei subsp. paracasei NTU 101 (NTU 101) is a multifunctional strain that has been shown in previous studies to possess anti-inflammatory properties and to exert a modulatory effect on intestinal bacteria associated with certain pathogenic mechanisms of IBD. In the current study, we investigated the effects of NTU 101 on dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis in a mouse model. Colitis was induced in male C57BL/6 mice (total number n = 60) via dissolved DSS in drinking water on days 15–21 of the experiment. The effects of continuous 25 d feeding (days 0–25) of either a half or a full dose [2.3 × 109 colony-forming units (CFU)/kg body weight (BW)/d and 4.5 × 109 CFU/kg BW/d, respectively] of NTU 101 was evaluated. Lactobacillus rhamnosus BCRC 16000 (BCRC 16000) and L. paracasei subsp. paracasei BCRC 14023 (BCRC 14023) strains were given to control groups. The results indicated that NTU 101 powder improved anti-oxidant capacity, reduced pro-inflammatory cytokine levels, increased anti-inflammatory cytokine levels, and slightly ameliorated body weight loss in DSS-treated mice during the final days of the study. This indicated that NTU 101 powder can relieve the clinical symptoms of DSS-induced colitis in mice.
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Schmautz C, Müller N, Auer M, Ballweg I, Pfaffl MW, Kliem H. Immune cell counts and signaling in body fluids of cows vaccinated against Clostridium difficile. JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL RESEARCH (THESSALONIKE, GREECE) 2018; 25:20. [PMID: 30555805 PMCID: PMC6288880 DOI: 10.1186/s40709-018-0092-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2018] [Accepted: 11/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND New treatment options are needed to prevent relapses following failed antibiotic therapies of Clostridium difficile infections (CDI) in humans. The concomitant therapy with an anti-C. difficile IgA containing whey protein concentrate can support the sustainable recovery of CDI patients. For 31 weeks, nine dairy cows were continuously vaccinated with several anti-C. difficile vaccines by certain routes of administration to produce anti-C. difficile IgA enriched milk. The study aimed at finding decisive differences between low responder (LR) and high responder (HR) cows (> 8.0 µg ml-1 total milk C. difficile specific IgA) concerning their immune response to vaccination on cellular and molecular biological levels. RESULTS The results of total and differential cell counting (DCC) in blood and milk and the outcomes of the gene expression analysis of selected immune factors were assessed relating to the usage of two vaccine batches for injection (MucoCD-I batch A and B), marking two immunization (IM) periods, and compared to a control group (Ctr). The MucoCD-I batch A caused short-term leukopenia followed by leukocytosis in the blood of LR and HR. The total somatic cell counts in milk were not altered by the treatment. The DCC revealed that the leukocytes of the treated groups were partly impaired by the treatment. The gene expression analysis exposed cumulative and sustainable differences (p < 0.05) between LR and HR for the genes encoding for lactoferrin, CXCL8, IL1β, IL2, IL6, IL12β, IFNγ, CD4 and CD163. The regulation of the epithelial IgA cell receptor PIGR was not impaired by the IM. In contrast to the vaccination with MucoCD-I batch A, the second IM period with MucoCD-I batch B resulted in mitigation and synchronization of the treated groups' immune responses. CONCLUSIONS The inversely regulated cytokines in the blood and milk cells of the treated groups led to a variously directed, local T cell response resulting in their different production intensities of C. difficile specific IgA in milk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christiane Schmautz
- Chair of Animal Physiology and Immunology, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Weihenstephaner Berg 3, 85354 Freising, Germany
| | - Nadine Müller
- Chair of Animal Physiology and Immunology, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Weihenstephaner Berg 3, 85354 Freising, Germany
| | - Marlene Auer
- Chair of Animal Physiology and Immunology, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Weihenstephaner Berg 3, 85354 Freising, Germany
| | - Ines Ballweg
- Chair of Animal Physiology and Immunology, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Weihenstephaner Berg 3, 85354 Freising, Germany
| | - Michael W. Pfaffl
- Chair of Animal Physiology and Immunology, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Weihenstephaner Berg 3, 85354 Freising, Germany
| | - Heike Kliem
- Chair of Animal Physiology and Immunology, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Weihenstephaner Berg 3, 85354 Freising, Germany
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Ahmad A, Herndon DN, Szabo C. Oxandrolone protects against the development of multiorgan failure, modulates the systemic inflammatory response and promotes wound healing during burn injury. Burns 2018; 45:671-681. [PMID: 31018913 DOI: 10.1016/j.burns.2018.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2018] [Accepted: 10/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Oxandrolone is a synthetic oral non-aromatizable testosterone derivative. This drug has been used successfully for several decades to safely treat growth delays in various diseases including Turner's syndrome. Currently the use of oxandrolone is under clinical testing in children with burn injury; the available data indicate that the anabolic steroid increases net muscle protein balance, maintains lean body mass, and reduces intensive care unit stay. Although oxandrolone is already in clinical trials in burn patients, preclinical burn-related studies with oxandrolone - especially those that go beyond muscle-related parameters and focus on burn-associated organ dysfunction, inflammatory response and wound healing - remain to be conducted. In the current project, using a well-characterized murine model of third-degree burn, we have tested the effect of oxandrolone on indices of organ injury, clinical chemistry parameters and plasma levels of inflammatory mediators. In oxandrolone-treated mice (1mg/kg/day for up to 21 days) there was a significant amelioration of burn-induced accumulation of myeloperoxidase levels in heart and lung (but not the liver and kidney) and significantly lower degree of malon dialdehyde accumulation in the liver (but not the heart, lung and kidney). Oxandrolone-treated mice showed a significant attenuation of the burn-induced elevation in circulating alkaline aminotransferase and amylase levels, while blood urea nitrogen and creatinine levels remained unaffected, indicative of protective effects of the anabolic hormone against burn-induced hepatic and pancreatic (but not renal) functional impairment. Multiple burn-induced inflammatory mediators (TNF-α, IL-1α, IL-1β, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, IL-12, IP-10, G-CSF, GM-CSF and interferon-γ) were significantly lower in the plasma of oxandrolone-treated animals after burn injury than in the plasma of controls subjected to burns. Finally, oxandrolone significantly accelerated burn wound healing. We conclude that oxandrolone improves organ function, modulates the systemic inflammatory response and accelerates wound healing in a murine model of burn injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akbar Ahmad
- Department of Anesthesiology, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - David N Herndon
- Department of Surgery, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA,; Shriners Hospital for Children, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Csaba Szabo
- Department of Anesthesiology, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA; Shriners Hospital for Children, Galveston, TX, USA.
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Simultaneous determination of the bioactive compounds from Sparassis crispa (Wulf.) by HPLC-DAD and their inhibitory effects on LPS-stimulated cytokine production in bone marrow-derived dendritic cell. Arch Pharm Res 2018; 41:823-829. [PMID: 30039376 DOI: 10.1007/s12272-018-1054-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2018] [Accepted: 07/08/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Sparassis crispa (Wulf.) belonging to the family of Sparassidaceae, has been widely used as an edible mushroom due to its unique flavor and functions to improve health. In this study, the compounds isolated from the extract of this mushroom were simultaneously quantified by the developed HPLC-DAD method and evaluated for the inhibitory activities on the production of the LPS-stimulated cytokines (IL-12p40, IL-6, and TNF-α) in bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (BMDCs). The contents of this compounds were 0.1928 ± 0.0118, 4.4137 ± 0.0240, 0.5237 ± 0.0005, 2.7303 ± 0.0206 mg/g for sparoside A (1), methyl 2,4-dihydroxy-3-methoxy-6-methylbenzoate (2), sparalide A (3), and 5'-deoxy-5'-methylthioadenosine (4), respectively, which demonstrated that they are the major constituents of this mushroom. Thus, our results were found that the sparoside A (1), 5-hydroxy-7-methoxyphthalide (6), 5-methoxy-7-hydroxyphthalide (7), nicotinamide (10), and adenosine (11) inhibit LPS-stimualted cytokine production, compound 6 is the most potent inhibitory activities on the production of IL-12p40, IL-6, and TNF-α with IC50 values of 0.19, 0.18, and 0.91 μM, respectively.
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Mahdavi Siuki M, Fazel Nasab N, Barati E, Nezafat Firizi M, Jalilvand T, Namdar Ahmadabad H. The protective effect of berberine against lipopolysaccharide-induced abortion by modulation of inflammatory/immune responses. Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol 2018; 40:333-337. [PMID: 30003821 DOI: 10.1080/08923973.2018.1485155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Berberine is an isoquinoline derivative alkaloid with anti-inflammatory activity. In this study, we investigated the protective effects of berberine in prevention of LPS-induced abortion. MATERIALS AND METHODS On the gestation day (GD) 9.5, the pregnant mice were injected with low, medium, and high doses of berberine or with PBS. After 4 h, berberine or PBS-pretreated mice were injected with LPS. On GD 11.5, blood samples and uterine tissues were collected from treated mice and percentage of abortion and serum levels of NO, TNF-α, IL-10, and IL12p70 were measured by macroscopic examination and sandwich ELISA, respectively. RESULTS Our findings show that mice injected with berberine were resistant to LPS-induced abortion. We also found that this treatment prevents the reduction of IL-10 and the enhancement of NO, TNF-α, and IL-12p70 in LPS-treated pregnant mice. CONCLUSIONS Taken together, our results suggest that berberine as an anti-inflammatory agent has protective effects on LPS-induced abortion by modulation of inflammatory/immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Mahdavi Siuki
- a Department of Animal Biotechnology, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology , Tehran , Iran
| | - Nafiseh Fazel Nasab
- b Department of English Language , Eghbal Lahoori Institute of Higher Education , Mashhad , Iran
| | - Elham Barati
- c Department of Biology , Payame Noor University of Mashhad , Mashhad , Iran
| | - Maryam Nezafat Firizi
- d Department of Pathobiology and Laboratory Sciences , North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences , Bojnurd , Iran
| | - Tahereh Jalilvand
- e Department of Molecular Science, School of Medicine , North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences , Bojnurd , Iran
| | - Hasan Namdar Ahmadabad
- d Department of Pathobiology and Laboratory Sciences , North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences , Bojnurd , Iran
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Hei-Gu-Teng Zhuifenghuoluo Granule Modulates IL-12 Signal Pathway to Inhibit the Inflammatory Response in Rheumatoid Arthritis. J Immunol Res 2018; 2018:8474867. [PMID: 30003114 PMCID: PMC5996447 DOI: 10.1155/2018/8474867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2017] [Revised: 02/15/2018] [Accepted: 03/25/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a type of chronic systemic inflammatory disease; it has a very complicated pathogenesis, and multiple pathological changes are implicated. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) like Tripterygium wilfordii Hook. F. or Sinomenium acutum (Thunb.) Rehd et Wils. has been extensively used for centuries in the treatment of arthritic diseases and been reported effective for relieving the severity of RA. Hei-Gu-Teng Zhuifenghuoluo granule (HGT) which contains Periploca forrestii Schltr., Sinomenium acutum (Thunb.) Rehd et Wils., and Lysimachia paridiformis Franch. var. stenophylla Franch. was a representative natural rattan herb formula for the treatment of RA in China, but the mechanism has not been elucidated. This study aimed at exploring the mechanism of HGT on RA using the bioinformatics analysis with in vivo and in vitro experiment validation. The potential action mechanism was first investigated by bioinformatics analysis via Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA) software. After that, we use experimental validation such as collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) mice model in vivo and U937 cell model in vitro. The bioinformatics results suggested that HGT may have anti-inflammatory characteristic on RA and IL-12 signaling pathway could be the potential key trigger. In vivo experiments demonstrated that HGT ameliorated the symptoms in CIA mice and decreased the production of inflammatory cytokines in both mice ankle joints and serum. Furthermore, HGT effectively inhibited the activation of IL-12R and STAT4 on IL-12 signaling pathway. In vitro experiments showed that HGT inhibited the production of IL-12R and STAT4 induced by IL-12 in lipopolysaccharide- (LPS-) stimulated U937 cells. Moreover, IL-12R knockdown was able to interfere with the inhibition effects of HGT on the production of these cytokines. Our results confirmed the anti-inflammatory property of HGT, which was attributed to its inhibition on IL-12 signaling pathway.
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Liu H, Xu W, Chang X, Qin T, Yin Y, Yang Q. 4,4'-diaponeurosporene, a C30 carotenoid, effectively activates dendritic cells via CD36 and NF-κB signaling in a ROS independent manner. Oncotarget 2018; 7:40978-40991. [PMID: 27276712 PMCID: PMC5173036 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.9800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2016] [Accepted: 05/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Carotenoids could be divided into C30 carotenoids and C40 carotenoids. The immune functions of C40 carotenoids had been extensively researched, while those of C30 carotenoids still remain unclear. In this study, the immune functions of a biosynthetic C30 carotenoid, 4,4'-diaponeurosporene (Dia), were identified on dendritic cells (DCs). DCs treated with 1 μM Dia for 24 h showed morphologic and phenotypic characteristics of mature state and had an increased production of IL-6, IL-10, IL-12p70 and TNFα, while β-carotene had a suppressive effect on DCs maturation. Moreover, Dia promoted antigen uptake of DCs in vitro and increased the quantity of antigen loaded DCs in mesenteric lymph nodes (MLN). Dia-treated DCs also had an enhanced ability to stimulate T cell proliferation and Th1 polarization. Further researches showed that Dia activated DCs via CD36 as well as ERK, JNK, and NF-κB signals in a reactive oxygen species (ROS) independent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haofei Liu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology and Biochemistry, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenwen Xu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology and Biochemistry, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaojing Chang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology and Biochemistry, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Tao Qin
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology and Biochemistry, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Yinyan Yin
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology and Biochemistry, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Qian Yang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology and Biochemistry, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
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Consumption of Dairy Yogurt Containing Lactobacillus paracasei ssp. paracasei, Bifidobacterium animalis ssp. lactis and Heat-Treated Lactobacillus plantarum Improves Immune Function Including Natural Killer Cell Activity. Nutrients 2017. [PMID: 28561762 PMCID: PMC5490537 DOI: 10.3390/nu9060558 10.3390/nu9060558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of consuming dairy yogurt containing Lactobacillus paracasei ssp. paracasei (L. paracasei), Bifidobacterium animalis ssp. lactis (B. lactis) and heat-treated Lactobacillus plantarum (L. plantarum) on immune function. A randomized, open-label, placebo-controlled study was conducted on 200 nondiabetic subjects. Over a twelve-week period, the test group consumed dairy yogurt containing probiotics each day, whereas the placebo group consumed milk. Natural killer (NK) cell activity, interleukin (IL)-12 and immunoglobulin (Ig) G1 levels were significantly increased in the test group at twelve weeks compared to baseline. Additionally, the test group had significantly greater increases in serum NK cell activity and interferon (IFN)-γ and IgG1 than placebo group. Daily consumption of dairy yogurt containing L. paracasei, B. lactis and heat-treated L. plantarum could be an effective option to improve immune function by enhancing NK cell function and IFN-γ concentration (ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT03051425).
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Consumption of Dairy Yogurt Containing Lactobacillus paracasei ssp. paracasei, Bifidobacterium animalis ssp. lactis and Heat-Treated Lactobacillus plantarum Improves Immune Function Including Natural Killer Cell Activity. Nutrients 2017; 9:nu9060558. [PMID: 28561762 PMCID: PMC5490537 DOI: 10.3390/nu9060558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2017] [Revised: 05/25/2017] [Accepted: 05/26/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of consuming dairy yogurt containing Lactobacillus paracasei ssp. paracasei (L. paracasei), Bifidobacterium animalis ssp. lactis (B. lactis) and heat-treated Lactobacillus plantarum (L. plantarum) on immune function. A randomized, open-label, placebo-controlled study was conducted on 200 nondiabetic subjects. Over a twelve-week period, the test group consumed dairy yogurt containing probiotics each day, whereas the placebo group consumed milk. Natural killer (NK) cell activity, interleukin (IL)-12 and immunoglobulin (Ig) G1 levels were significantly increased in the test group at twelve weeks compared to baseline. Additionally, the test group had significantly greater increases in serum NK cell activity and interferon (IFN)-γ and IgG1 than placebo group. Daily consumption of dairy yogurt containing L. paracasei, B. lactis and heat-treated L. plantarum could be an effective option to improve immune function by enhancing NK cell function and IFN-γ concentration (ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT03051425).
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Cui R, Rekasi H, Hepner-Schefczyk M, Fessmann K, Petri RM, Bruderek K, Brandau S, Jäger M, Flohé SB. Human mesenchymal stromal/stem cells acquire immunostimulatory capacity upon cross-talk with natural killer cells and might improve the NK cell function of immunocompromised patients. Stem Cell Res Ther 2016; 7:88. [PMID: 27388156 PMCID: PMC4937587 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-016-0353-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2016] [Revised: 06/11/2016] [Accepted: 06/15/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The suppressive effect of mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (MSCs) on diverse immune cells is well known, but it is unclear whether MSCs additionally possess immunostimulatory properties. We investigated the impact of human MSCs on the responsiveness of primary natural killer (NK) cells in terms of cytokine secretion. METHODS Human MSCs were generated from bone marrow and nasal mucosa. NK cells were isolated from peripheral blood of healthy volunteers or of immunocompromised patients after severe injury. NK cells were cultured with MSCs or with MSC-derived conditioned media in the absence or presence of IL-12 and IL-18. C-C chemokine receptor (CCR) 2, C-C chemokine ligand (CCL) 2, and the interferon (IFN)-γ receptor was blocked by specific inhibitors or antibodies. The synthesis of IFN-γ and CCL2 was determined. RESULTS In the absence of exogenous cytokines, trace amounts of NK cell-derived IFN-γ licensed MSCs for enhanced synthesis of CCL2. In turn, MSCs primed NK cells for increased release of IFN-γ in response to IL-12 and IL-18. Priming of NK cells by MSCs occurred in a cell-cell contact-independent manner and was impaired by inhibition of the CCR2, the receptor of CCL2, on NK cells. CD56(bright) NK cells expressed higher levels of CCR2 and were more sensitive to CCL2-mediated priming by MSCs and by recombinant CCR2 ligands than cytotoxic CD56(dim) NK cells. NK cells from severely injured patients were impaired in cytokine-induced IFN-γ synthesis. Co-culture with MSCs or with conditioned media from MSCs and MSC/NK cell co-cultures from healthy donors improved the IFN-γ production of the patients' NK cells in a CCR2-dependent manner. CONCLUSIONS A positive feedback loop driven by NK cell-derived IFN-γ and MSC-derived CCL2 increases the inflammatory response of cytokine-stimulated NK cells not only from healthy donors but also from immunocompromised patients. Therapeutic application of MSCs or their soluble factors might thus improve the NK function after severe injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongtao Cui
- />Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Virchowstraße 171, D-45147 Essen, Germany
| | - Heike Rekasi
- />Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Virchowstraße 171, D-45147 Essen, Germany
| | - Monika Hepner-Schefczyk
- />Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Virchowstraße 171, D-45147 Essen, Germany
| | - Kai Fessmann
- />Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Virchowstraße 171, D-45147 Essen, Germany
| | - Robert M. Petri
- />Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Kirsten Bruderek
- />Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Sven Brandau
- />Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Marcus Jäger
- />Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Virchowstraße 171, D-45147 Essen, Germany
| | - Stefanie B. Flohé
- />Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Virchowstraße 171, D-45147 Essen, Germany
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Long-Term Stable Mixed Chimerism after Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation in Patients with Non-Malignant Disease, Shall We Be Tolerant? PLoS One 2016; 11:e0154737. [PMID: 27152621 PMCID: PMC4859543 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0154737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2016] [Accepted: 04/18/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Long-term stable mixed chimerism is a rare and poorly understood phenomenon post hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. This study aims to shed light on whether the two hematopoietic systems in patients with mixed chimerism remain functional. Additionally, we investigate possible immunologic differences in these individuals compared to patients with only donor derived immune cells. Patients with donor and mixed chimerism, at median 10 (5–16) years post-HSCT for non-malignant diseases, were assessed regarding clinical situation and immune system (phenotypical and functional). No difference in long-term outcome was seen in terms of general wellbeing, central phenotypic immune system features (e.g., differentiation status, CD4/CD8 ratio, B and NK-cell frequency) and antibody responses to immunizations. At a median of 10 years post transplantation, patients with mixed chimerism had significantly higher IgG3 and platelet levels. Additionally, these patients had higher NKT-cell levels (CD94+CD8+ and CD56+CD8+) than patients with donor chimerism. In depth phenotypic analysis of patients with mixed chimerism demonstrated recipient-derived fractions in most immune cell lineages (e.g., T-cell, B-cell and NK-cell subsets). Recipient cells were also capable of responding to mitogenic stimulation with production of several cytokines. In conclusion, long-term mixed chimerism did not negatively affect patient wellbeing and long-term outcome. Moreover, recipient-derived immunity may still be functional in these patients, suggesting an active state of tolerance and immunologic dependence on both hematopoietic systems.
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Gao Q, Zhao S, Qin T, Yin Y, Yu Q, Yang Q. Effects of inactivated porcine epidemic diarrhea virus on porcine monocyte-derived dendritic cells and intestinal dendritic cells. Res Vet Sci 2016; 106:149-58. [PMID: 27234553 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2016.03.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2015] [Revised: 03/16/2016] [Accepted: 03/28/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Porcine epidemic diarrhea (PED) is a serious infection in neonatal piglets. As the causative agent of PED, porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) results in acute diarrhea and dehydration with high mortality rates in swine. Dendritic cells (DCs) are highly effective antigen-presenting cells to uptake and present viral antigens to T cells, which then initiate a distinct immune response. In this study, our results show that the expression of Mo-DCs surface markers such as SWC3a(+)CD1a(+), SWC3a(+)CD80/86(+) and SWC3a(+)SLA-II-DR(+) is increased after incubation with UV-PEDV for 24h. Mo-DCs incubated with UV-PEDV produce higher levels of IL-12 and INF-γ compared to mock-infected Mo-DCs. Interactions between Mo-DCs and UV-PEDV significantly stimulate T-cell proliferation in vitro. Consistent with these results, there is an enhancement in the ability of porcine intestinal DCs to activate T-cell proliferation in vivo. We conclude that UV-PEDV may be a useful and safe vaccine to trigger adaptive immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Gao
- Nanjing Agricultural University, Wei gang 1, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Shanshan Zhao
- Nanjing Agricultural University, Wei gang 1, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Tao Qin
- Nanjing Agricultural University, Wei gang 1, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Yinyan Yin
- Nanjing Agricultural University, Wei gang 1, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Qinghua Yu
- Nanjing Agricultural University, Wei gang 1, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Qian Yang
- Key Lab of Animal Physiology and Biochemistry, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, PR China.
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25
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Raïch-Regué D, Fabian KP, Watson AR, Fecek RJ, Storkus WJ, Thomson AW. Intratumoral delivery of mTORC2-deficient dendritic cells inhibits B16 melanoma growth by promoting CD8(+) effector T cell responses. Oncoimmunology 2016; 5:e1146841. [PMID: 27471613 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2016.1146841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2015] [Revised: 01/19/2016] [Accepted: 01/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DC) play a pivotal role in the induction and regulation of immune responses. In cancer, DC-based vaccines have proven to be safe and to elicit protective and therapeutic immunological responses. Recently, we showed that specific mTORC2 (mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 2) deficiency in DC enhances their ability to promote Th1 and Th17 responses after LPS stimulation. In the present study, bone marrow-derived mTORC2-deficient (Rictor(-/-)) DC were evaluated as a therapeutic modality in the murine B16 melanoma model. Consistent with their pro-inflammatory profile (enhanced IL-12p70 production and low PD-L1 expression versus control DC), intratumoral (i.t.) injection of LPS-activated Rictor(-/-) DC slowed B16 melanoma growth markedly in WT C57BL/6 recipient mice. This antitumor effect was abrogated when Rictor(-/-) DC were injected i.t. into B16-bearing Rag(-/-) mice, and also after selective CD8(+) T cell depletion in wild-type hosts in vivo, indicating that CD8(+) T cells were the principal regulators of tumor growth after Rictor(-/-) DC injection. I.t. administration of Rictor(-/-) DC also reduced the frequency of myeloid-derived suppressor cells within tumors, and enhanced numbers of IFNγ(+) and granzyme-B(+) cytotoxic CD8(+) T cells both in the spleens and tumors of treated animals. These data suggest that selective inhibition of mTORC2 activity in activated DC augments their pro-inflammatory and T cell stimulatory profile, in association with their enhanced capacity to promote protective CD8(+) T cell responses in vivo, leading to slowed B16 melanoma progression. These novel findings may contribute to the design of more effective DC-based vaccines for cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dàlia Raïch-Regué
- Starzl Transplantation Institute, Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine , Pittsburgh, PA, US
| | - Kellsye P Fabian
- Department of Dermatology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine , Pittsburgh, PA, US
| | - Alicia R Watson
- Starzl Transplantation Institute, Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine , Pittsburgh, PA, US
| | - Ronald J Fecek
- Department of Dermatology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine , Pittsburgh, PA, US
| | - Walter J Storkus
- Department of Dermatology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, US; Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Angus W Thomson
- Starzl Transplantation Institute, Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, US; Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
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26
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Cytokines and MicroRNAs as Candidate Biomarkers for Systemic Lupus Erythematosus. Int J Mol Sci 2015; 16:24194-218. [PMID: 26473848 PMCID: PMC4632746 DOI: 10.3390/ijms161024194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2015] [Revised: 09/10/2015] [Accepted: 09/25/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a systemic autoimmune disease, with varied course and symptoms. Its etiology is very complex and not clearly understood. There is growing evidence of the important role of cytokines in SLE pathogenesis, as well as their utility as biomarkers and targets in new therapies. Other potential new SLE biomarkers are microRNAs. Recently, over one hundred different microRNAs have been demonstrated to have a significant impact on the immune system. Various alterations in these microRNAs, associated with disease pathogenesis, have been described. They influence the signaling pathways and functions of immune response cells. Here, we aim to review the emerging new data on SLE etiology and pathogenesis.
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27
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Biron CA, Tarrio ML. Immunoregulatory cytokine networks: 60 years of learning from murine cytomegalovirus. Med Microbiol Immunol 2015; 204:345-54. [PMID: 25850988 DOI: 10.1007/s00430-015-0412-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2015] [Accepted: 03/23/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Innate immunity defends against infection but also mediates immunoregulatory effects shaping innate and adaptive responses. Studies of murine cytomegalovirus (MCMV) infections have helped elucidate the mechanisms inducing, as well as the elicited soluble and cellular networks contributing to, innate immunity. Specialized receptors are engaged by infection-induced structures to stimulate production of key innate cytokines. These then stimulate cytokine and cellular responses such as activation of natural killer (NK) cells to mediate elevated killing by type 1 interferon (IFN) and/or to produce the pro-inflammatory and antiviral cytokine IFN-γ by interleukin 12 (IL-12). An inter-systemic loop, with IL-6 inducing glucocorticoid release, negatively regulates these early cytokine responses. As infections advance into periods of overlapping innate and adaptive responses, however, the cells are intrinsically conditioned to modify the biological effects of exposure to individual cytokines. Some pathways are turned off to inhibit an existing, whereas others are broadened for acquisition of a new, response function. Remarkably, extended NK cell proliferation during MCMV infection is associated with epigenetic modifications shifting the state of the inhibitory cytokine IL-10 gene from closed to open and results in their becoming equipped to produce this cytokine. When induced, NK cell IL-10 negatively regulates the magnitude of adaptive responses to protect against immune pathology. Thus, innate immunoregulatory cytokine networks are integral to pro-inflammatory and defense functions, but responding cells have the flexibility to undergo cell intrinsic conditioning with changing network characteristics to result in a new negative immunoregulatory function, and consequently, both promote beneficial and limit detrimental immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine A Biron
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, The Division of Biology and Medicine and The Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, 171 Meeting Street, Providence, RI, 02912, USA,
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28
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Tessier DR, Yockell-Lelièvre J, Gruslin A. Uterine Spiral Artery Remodeling: The Role of Uterine Natural Killer Cells and Extravillous Trophoblasts in Normal and High-Risk Human Pregnancies. Am J Reprod Immunol 2014; 74:1-11. [PMID: 25472023 DOI: 10.1111/aji.12345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2014] [Accepted: 11/11/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The process of uterine spiral artery remodeling in the first trimester of human pregnancy is an essential part of establishing adequate blood perfusion of the placenta that will allow optimal nutrient/waste exchange to meet fetal demands during later development. Key regulators of spiral artery remodeling are the uterine natural killer cells and the invasive extravillous trophoblasts. The functions of these cells as well as regulation of their activation states and temporal regulation of their localization within the uterine tissue are beginning to be known. In this review, we discuss the roles of these two cell lineages in arterial remodeling events, their interaction/influence on one another and the outcomes of altered temporal, and spatial regulation of these cells in pregnancy complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel R Tessier
- Department of Biology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada.,Chronic Disease Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | | | - Andrée Gruslin
- Chronic Disease Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada.,Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Newborn Care, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, ON, Canada
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29
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Zhang P, Yi S, Li X, Liu R, Jiang H, Huang Z, Liu Y, Wu J, Huang Y. Preparation of triple-negative breast cancer vaccine through electrofusion with day-3 dendritic cells. PLoS One 2014; 9:e102197. [PMID: 25036145 PMCID: PMC4103844 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0102197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2014] [Accepted: 06/16/2014] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DCs) are professional antigen-presenting cells (APCs) in human immune system. DC-based tumor vaccine has met with some success in specific malignancies, inclusive of breast cancer. In this study, we electrofused MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cell line with day-3 DCs derived from peripheral blood monocytes, and explored the biological characteristics of fusion vaccine and its anti-tumor effects in vitro. Day-3 mature DCs were generated from day-2 immature DCs by adding cocktails composed of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6 and PEG2. Day-3 mature DCs were identified and electofused with breast cancer cells to generate fusion vaccine. Phenotype of fusion cells were identified by fluorescence microscope and flow cytometer. The fusion vaccine was evaluated for T cell proliferation, secretion of IL-12 and IFN-γ, and induction of tumor-specific CTL response. Despite differences in morphology, day-3 and day-7 DC expressed similar surface markers. The secretion of IL-12 and IFN-γ in fusion vaccine group was much higher than that in the control group. Compared with control group, DC-tumor fusion vaccine could better stimulate the proliferation of allogeneic T lymphocytes and kill more breast cancer cells (MDA-MB-231) in vitro. Day-3 DCs had the same function as the day-7 DCs, but with a shorter culture period. Our findings suggested that day-3 DCs fused with whole apoptotic breast cancer cells could elicit effective specific antitumor T cell responses in vitro and may be developed into a prospective candidate for adoptivet immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Zhang
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Shuhong Yi
- Department of Hepatic Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xi Li
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Ruilei Liu
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Hua Jiang
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zenan Huang
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yu Liu
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Juekun Wu
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yong Huang
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- * E-mail:
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30
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Hayakawa N, Noguchi M, Takeshita S, Eviryanti A, Seki Y, Nishio H, Yokoyama R, Noguchi M, Shuto M, Shima Y, Kuribayashi K, Kageyama S, Eda H, Suzuki M, Hatta T, Iemura SI, Natsume T, Tanabe I, Nakagawa R, Shiozaki M, Sakurai K, Shoji M, Andou A, Yamamoto T. Structure-activity relationship study, target identification, and pharmacological characterization of a small molecular IL-12/23 inhibitor, APY0201. Bioorg Med Chem 2014; 22:3021-9. [PMID: 24767819 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2014.03.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2014] [Revised: 03/19/2014] [Accepted: 03/21/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Interleukin-12 (IL-12) and IL-23 are proinflammatory cytokines and therapeutic targets for inflammatory and autoimmune diseases, including inflammatory bowel diseases, psoriasis, rheumatoid arthritis, and multiple sclerosis. We describe the discovery of APY0201, a unique small molecular IL-12/23 production inhibitor, from activated macrophages and monocytes, and demonstrate ameliorated inflammation in an experimental model of colitis. Through a chemical proteomics approach using a highly sensitive direct nanoflow LC-MS/MS system and bait compounds equipped with the FLAG epitope associated regulator of PIKfyve (ArPIKfyve) was detected. Further study identified its associated protein phosphoinositide kinase, FYVE finger-containing (PIKfyve), as the target protein of APY0201, which was characterized as a potent, highly selective, ATP-competitive PIKfyve inhibitor that interrupts the conversion of phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate (PtdIns3P) to PtdIns(3,5)P2. These results elucidate the function of PIKfyve kinase in the IL-12/23 production pathway and in IL-12/23-driven inflammatory disease pathologies to provide a compelling rationale for targeting PIKfyve kinase in inflammatory and autoimmune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nobuhiko Hayakawa
- Research Institute, Ajinomoto Pharmaceuticals Co. Ltd, 1-1, Suzuki-cho, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki-shi, Kanagawa 210-8681, Japan
| | - Masatsugu Noguchi
- Research Institute, Ajinomoto Pharmaceuticals Co. Ltd, 1-1, Suzuki-cho, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki-shi, Kanagawa 210-8681, Japan
| | - Sen Takeshita
- Research Institute, Ajinomoto Pharmaceuticals Co. Ltd, 1-1, Suzuki-cho, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki-shi, Kanagawa 210-8681, Japan
| | - Agung Eviryanti
- Research Institute, Ajinomoto Pharmaceuticals Co. Ltd, 1-1, Suzuki-cho, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki-shi, Kanagawa 210-8681, Japan
| | - Yukie Seki
- Research Institute, Ajinomoto Pharmaceuticals Co. Ltd, 1-1, Suzuki-cho, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki-shi, Kanagawa 210-8681, Japan
| | - Hikaru Nishio
- Research Institute, Ajinomoto Pharmaceuticals Co. Ltd, 1-1, Suzuki-cho, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki-shi, Kanagawa 210-8681, Japan
| | - Ryohei Yokoyama
- Research Institute, Ajinomoto Pharmaceuticals Co. Ltd, 1-1, Suzuki-cho, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki-shi, Kanagawa 210-8681, Japan
| | - Misato Noguchi
- Research Institute, Ajinomoto Pharmaceuticals Co. Ltd, 1-1, Suzuki-cho, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki-shi, Kanagawa 210-8681, Japan
| | - Manami Shuto
- Research Institute, Ajinomoto Pharmaceuticals Co. Ltd, 1-1, Suzuki-cho, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki-shi, Kanagawa 210-8681, Japan
| | - Yoichiro Shima
- Research Institute, Ajinomoto Pharmaceuticals Co. Ltd, 1-1, Suzuki-cho, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki-shi, Kanagawa 210-8681, Japan
| | - Kanna Kuribayashi
- Research Institute, Ajinomoto Pharmaceuticals Co. Ltd, 1-1, Suzuki-cho, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki-shi, Kanagawa 210-8681, Japan
| | - Shunsuke Kageyama
- Research Institute, Ajinomoto Pharmaceuticals Co. Ltd, 1-1, Suzuki-cho, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki-shi, Kanagawa 210-8681, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Eda
- Research Institute, Ajinomoto Pharmaceuticals Co. Ltd, 1-1, Suzuki-cho, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki-shi, Kanagawa 210-8681, Japan
| | - Manabu Suzuki
- Research Institute, Ajinomoto Pharmaceuticals Co. Ltd, 1-1, Suzuki-cho, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki-shi, Kanagawa 210-8681, Japan
| | - Tomohisa Hatta
- Molecular Profiling Research Center for Drug Discovery (molprof), National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), 2-4-7 Aomi, Koto-ku, Tokyo 135-0064, Japan
| | - Shun-Ichiro Iemura
- Molecular Profiling Research Center for Drug Discovery (molprof), National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), 2-4-7 Aomi, Koto-ku, Tokyo 135-0064, Japan
| | - Tohru Natsume
- Molecular Profiling Research Center for Drug Discovery (molprof), National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), 2-4-7 Aomi, Koto-ku, Tokyo 135-0064, Japan
| | - Itsuya Tanabe
- Research Institute, Ajinomoto Pharmaceuticals Co. Ltd, 1-1, Suzuki-cho, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki-shi, Kanagawa 210-8681, Japan
| | - Ryusuke Nakagawa
- Research Institute, Ajinomoto Pharmaceuticals Co. Ltd, 1-1, Suzuki-cho, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki-shi, Kanagawa 210-8681, Japan
| | - Makoto Shiozaki
- Research Institute, Ajinomoto Pharmaceuticals Co. Ltd, 1-1, Suzuki-cho, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki-shi, Kanagawa 210-8681, Japan
| | - Kuniya Sakurai
- Research Institute, Ajinomoto Pharmaceuticals Co. Ltd, 1-1, Suzuki-cho, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki-shi, Kanagawa 210-8681, Japan
| | - Masataka Shoji
- Research Institute, Ajinomoto Pharmaceuticals Co. Ltd, 1-1, Suzuki-cho, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki-shi, Kanagawa 210-8681, Japan
| | - Ayatoshi Andou
- Research Institute, Ajinomoto Pharmaceuticals Co. Ltd, 1-1, Suzuki-cho, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki-shi, Kanagawa 210-8681, Japan.
| | - Takashi Yamamoto
- Research Institute, Ajinomoto Pharmaceuticals Co. Ltd, 1-1, Suzuki-cho, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki-shi, Kanagawa 210-8681, Japan.
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Kawauchi Y, Igarashi M, Kojima N. C-type lectin receptor SIGNR1 expressed on peritoneal phagocytic cells with an immature dendritic cell-like phenotype is involved in uptake of oligomannose-coated liposomes and subsequent cell maturation. Cell Immunol 2014; 287:121-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cellimm.2014.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2013] [Revised: 12/27/2013] [Accepted: 01/02/2014] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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Tran TL, Kim YR, Yang JL, Oh DR, Dao TT, Oh WK. Dammarane triterpenes from the leaves of Panax ginseng enhance cellular immunity. Bioorg Med Chem 2014; 22:499-504. [PMID: 24290061 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2013.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2013] [Revised: 10/31/2013] [Accepted: 11/01/2013] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
In our search for immune stimulating materials from natural source, bioassay-guided fractionation of a methanol extract of Panax ginseng leaves led to the isolation of three dammarane triterpenes (1-3), including two previously unknown compounds 27-demethyl-(E,E)-20(22),23-dien-3β,6α,12β-trihydroxydammar-25-one (1) and 3β,20(S)-dihydroxydammar-24-en-12β,23β-epoxy-20-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (2). Their structures were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic methods, chemical transformation, and by the comparison with those of literature data. Compounds 1-3 significantly increased interleukin-12 expression in LPS-activated mouse peritoneal macrophage at a concentration of 100 ng/mL. Furthermore, compound 1 strongly increased the Th1 response-mediated cytokine IL-2, and decreased Th2 response-mediated cytokines IL-4 and IL-6 expression at 100 ng/mL on ConA-activated splenocytes. This study indicated that compound 1 showed a better effect on cellular immunity, and provided new chemical entities as promising lead compounds for the treatment of cellular immunity-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tien-Lam Tran
- BK21 Project Team, College of Pharmacy, Chosun University, Gwangju 501-759, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Ran Kim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Dongshin University, Jeonnam 520-714, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun-Li Yang
- Korea Bioactive Natural Material Bank, College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Republic of Korea
| | - Dool-Ri Oh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Dongshin University, Jeonnam 520-714, Republic of Korea
| | - Trong-Tuan Dao
- BK21 Project Team, College of Pharmacy, Chosun University, Gwangju 501-759, Republic of Korea; Korea Bioactive Natural Material Bank, College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Republic of Korea
| | - Won-Keun Oh
- Korea Bioactive Natural Material Bank, College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Republic of Korea.
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33
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The immune-enhancing effect of the Cronobacter sakazakii ES2 phage results in the activation of nuclear factor-κB and dendritic cell maturation via the activation of IL-12p40 in the mouse bone marrow. Immunol Lett 2013; 157:1-8. [PMID: 24184907 DOI: 10.1016/j.imlet.2013.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2013] [Revised: 10/21/2013] [Accepted: 10/21/2013] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The bacteriophage ES2 is a virus for bacterial host cells. Unlike other phages that are known for their therapeutic effects, the ES2 phage has never been clearly examined as a therapeutic agent. To systematically and conclusively evaluate its therapeutic efficacy, the expression of the surface markers CD86, CD40, and MHCII, the production of the proinflammatory cytokines IL-6, IL-1α, IL-1β, and TNF-α, and the underlying NF-κB signaling pathway in murine bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (BM-DCs) in response to ES2 phage infection were examined. The bacteriophage ES2, which was isolated from swine fecal samples an antigen, affected the expression of the cell surface molecules and proinflammatory cytokines that are associated with the DC maturation processes. Treatment with ES2 phage also led to NF-κBp65 activation and translocation to the nucleus, which indicates the activation of NF-κB signaling. Furthermore, the ES2 phage induced the promoter activity of IL-12p40. Our chromatin immunoprecipitation assay revealed that p65 was enriched at the IL12-p40 promoter as a direct target of chromatin. The present study demonstrates that the ES2 phage potently induces DC maturation via immune-enhancement processes.
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34
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Statins as modulators of regulatory T-cell biology. Mediators Inflamm 2013; 2013:167086. [PMID: 24222935 PMCID: PMC3816059 DOI: 10.1155/2013/167086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2013] [Revised: 08/29/2013] [Accepted: 09/03/2013] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Statins are pharmacological inhibitors of the activity of 3-hydroxy-3-methyl-glutaryl-CoA reductase (HMGCR), an enzyme responsible for the synthesis of cholesterol. Some recent experimental studies have shown that besides their effects on the primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular diseases, statins may also have beneficial anti-inflammatory effects through diverse mechanisms. On the other hand, the induction and activity of regulatory T cells (Treg) are key processes in the prevention of pathology during chronic inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. Hence, strategies oriented towards the therapeutic expansion of Tregs are gaining special attention among biomedical researchers. The potential effects of statins on the biology of Treg are of particular importance because of their eventual application as in vivo inducers of Treg in the treatment of multiple conditions. In this paper we review the experimental evidence pointing out to a potential effect of statins on the role of regulatory T cells in different conditions and discuss its potential clinical significance.
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35
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Osada T, Berglund P, Morse MA, Hubby B, Lewis W, Niedzwiecki D, Yang XY, Hobeika A, Burnett B, Devi GR, Clay TM, Smith J, Kim Lyerly H. Co-delivery of antigen and IL-12 by Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus replicon particles enhances antigen-specific immune responses and antitumor effects. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2012; 61:1941-51. [PMID: 22488274 PMCID: PMC3873731 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-012-1248-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2012] [Accepted: 03/14/2012] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
We recently demonstrated that Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus-based replicon particle (VRPs) encoding tumor antigens could break tolerance in the immunomodulatory environment of advanced cancer. We hypothesized that local injection of VRP-expressing interleukin-12 (IL-12) at the site of injections of VRP-based cancer vaccines would enhance the tumor-antigen-specific T cell and antibody responses and antitumor efficacy. Mice were immunized with VRP encoding the human tumor-associated antigen, carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) (VRP-CEA(6D)), and VRP-IL-12 was also administered at the same site or at a distant location. CEA-specific T cell and antibody responses were measured. To determine antitumor activity, mice were implanted with MC38-CEA-2 cells and immunized with VRP-CEA with and without VRP-IL-12, and tumor growth and mouse survival were measured. VRP-IL-12 greatly enhanced CEA-specific T cell and antibody responses when combined with VRP-CEA(6D) vaccination. VRP-IL-12 was superior to IL-12 protein at enhancing immune responses. Vaccination with VRP-CEA(6D) plus VRP-IL-12 was superior to VRP-CEA(6D) or VRP-IL-12 alone in inducing antitumor activity and prolonging survival in tumor-bearing mice. Importantly, local injection of VRP-IL-12 at the VRP-CEA(6D) injection site provided more potent activation of CEA-specific immune responses than that of VRP-IL-12 injected at a distant site from the VRP-CEA injections. Together, this study shows that VRP-IL-12 enhances vaccination with VRP-CEA(6D) and was more effective at activating CEA-specific T cell responses when locally expressed at the vaccine site. Clinical trials evaluating the adjuvant effect of VRP-IL-12 at enhancing the immunogenicity of cancer vaccines are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takuya Osada
- Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Box 2606 MSRB1 Rm 433b Research Dr, Durham, NC 27710 USA
| | | | - Michael A. Morse
- Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC USA
- Duke Comprehensive Cancer Center, Durham, NC 27710 USA
| | - Bolyn Hubby
- Liquidia Technologies, RTP, Durham, NC 27709 USA
| | | | | | - Xiao Yi Yang
- Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Box 2606 MSRB1 Rm 433b Research Dr, Durham, NC 27710 USA
| | - Amy Hobeika
- Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Box 2606 MSRB1 Rm 433b Research Dr, Durham, NC 27710 USA
| | - Bruce Burnett
- Duke Comprehensive Cancer Center, Durham, NC 27710 USA
| | - Gayathri R. Devi
- Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Box 2606 MSRB1 Rm 433b Research Dr, Durham, NC 27710 USA
- Duke Comprehensive Cancer Center, Durham, NC 27710 USA
| | - Timothy M. Clay
- Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Box 2606 MSRB1 Rm 433b Research Dr, Durham, NC 27710 USA
- Department of Immunology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC USA
- Duke Comprehensive Cancer Center, Durham, NC 27710 USA
| | | | - H. Kim Lyerly
- Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Box 2606 MSRB1 Rm 433b Research Dr, Durham, NC 27710 USA
- Department of Immunology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC USA
- Duke Comprehensive Cancer Center, Durham, NC 27710 USA
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Trypanosoma cruzi SSP4 Amastigote Protein Induces Expression of Immunoregulatory and Immunosuppressive Molecules in Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells. J Trop Med 2012; 2012:829139. [PMID: 23209478 PMCID: PMC3503440 DOI: 10.1155/2012/829139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2012] [Revised: 09/25/2012] [Accepted: 10/02/2012] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The acute phase of Chagas' disease in mice and human is marked by states of immunosuppression, in which Trypanosoma cruzi replicates extensively and releases immunomodulatory molecules that delay parasite-specific responses mediated by effector T cells. This mechanism of evasion allows the parasite to spread in the host. Parasite molecules that regulate the host immune response during Chagas' disease have not been fully identified, particularly proteins of the amastigote stage. In this work, we evaluated the role of the GPI anchored SSP4 protein of T. cruzi as an immunomodulatory molecule in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). rMBP::SSP4 protein was able to stimulate nitric oxide (NO) production. Likewise, rMBP::SSP4 induced the expression of genes and production of molecules involved in the inflammatory process, such as, cytokines, chemokines, and adhesion molecules (CAMs) as determined by RT-PCR and ELISA. These results suggest that the amastigote SSP4 molecule could play a key role in the immunoregulatory and/or immunosuppressive process observed in the acute phase of infection with T. cruzi.
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Bousquet J, Yssel H, Demoly P. Prospects for a vaccine in allergic diseases and asthma. BioDrugs 2012; 13:61-75. [PMID: 18034513 DOI: 10.2165/00063030-200013010-00006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Allergen-specific immunotherapy is widely used to treat allergic diseases, and current research is now focusing on the development of therapeutic vaccines acting on the IgE immune response following allergen challenge. The IgE immune response is dependent on genetic and environmental factors; production of IgE results from complex interactions among B cells, T cells, mast cells, basophils,surface and adhesion molecules and various cytokines. New vaccination methods under investigation involve allergen-specific or nonspecific methodology. Allergen-specific methods currently being developed include allergoids, passive saturation of effector cells, plasmid DNA immunisation and antigen-antibody complexes. The mechanisms of immunotherapy using allergen-specific methods differ with the allergens and the route of immunisation used (parenteral, intranasal, sublingual, oral or bronchial). Many vaccines being developed at present comprise synthetic, recombinant or highly purified subunit antigens, which although they have increased safety may also be less immunogenic.It is hoped that the addition of adjuvants will overcome this drawback. Methods of increasing the dose of allergen while reducing the possibility of an anaphylactic reaction include the use of non-anaphylactic isoforms of the allergens, alteration of the tertiary structure of the allergens and construction of minimal allergen-derived T cell peptides. Nonspecific approaches include humanised anti-IgE antibodies,moderation of the T(H)2 cytokine network and antisense oligodeoxynucleotide therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Bousquet
- Hôpital Arnaud de Villeneuve, INSERM V454, Montpellier, France.
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38
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Papa A, Mocci G, Bonizzi M, Felice C, Andrisani G, Papa G, Gasbarrini A. Biological therapies for inflammatory bowel disease: controversies and future options. Expert Rev Clin Pharmacol 2012; 2:391-403. [PMID: 22112183 DOI: 10.1586/ecp.09.12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Over the last few years, advances in understanding the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease, together with progress in biotechnology, have led to the availability of several biological drugs that have dramatically changed the therapeutic approach to these disorders. Indeed, several molecules targeting crucial inflammatory cytokines, blocking T-cell activation/proliferation or the recruitment of inflammatory cells into the inflamed bowel, have been discovered and commercialized. However, the increasing use of biological agents has raised some concerns regarding their short- and long-term safety. This review offers a critical evaluation of the efficacy and safety of biological agents in the management of both Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis. In addition, promising therapeutic options are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alfredo Papa
- Istituto di Medicina Interna e Geriatria, Policlinico A. Gemelli, Università Cattolica del S. Cuore, L.go A. Gemelli, 8 00168 Roma, Italy.
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39
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Xiong X, Meng Y, Wang X, Qi Y, Li J, Duan C, Wen B. Mice immunized with bone marrow-derived dendritic cells stimulated with recombinant Coxiella burnetii Com1 and Mip demonstrate enhanced bacterial clearance in association with a Th1 immune response. Vaccine 2012; 30:6809-15. [PMID: 23000126 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2012.09.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2012] [Revised: 08/30/2012] [Accepted: 09/07/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
The recombinant membrane-associated proteins of Coxiella burnetii, Com1, Mip and GroEL, were used in vitro to stimulate BALB/c mouse bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (BMDCs). The antigen-activated BMDCs were transferred into naïve BALB/c mice. Seven days after challenge of C. burnetii, the bacterial loads of mice receiving BMDCs activated with Com1 or Mip, but not GroEL, were significantly lower than that of mice receiving BMDCs pulsed with TrxA (Esherichia coli thioredoxin) in a quantitative polymerase chain reaction assay. After in vitro interaction with cognate antigen-pulsed BMDCs, the percentages of CD69-positive cells and TNF-α-positive cells in CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells isolated from the spleens of mice receiving Com1-, Mip-, or GroEL-pulsed BMDCs were significantly higher than that of mice receiving mock-pulsed BMDCs in flow cytometric analysis. The percentages of IFN-γ-positive cells in CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells from mice receiving Com1- or Mip-pulsed BMDCs were significantly greater than that of mice receiving GroEL-pulsed BMDCs. However, the percentage of IL-4-positive cells in CD4(+) T cells of mice receiving GroEL-pulsed BMDCs was obviously higher than that of mice receiving Com1- or Mip-pulsed BMDCs. Our results demonstrate that Com1 and Mip are protective antigens and strongly indicate that they favor to induce IFN-γ-producing Th1 and Tc1 cells, whereas the non-protective antigen GroEL is biased to induce a Th2 response. Therefore, Com1 and Mip are key antigens to induce a protective immune response against C. burnetii infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolu Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, 20 Dong-Dia-Jie street, Fengtai district, Beijing 100071, China
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40
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Tang C, Chen S, Qian H, Huang W. Interleukin-23: as a drug target for autoimmune inflammatory diseases. Immunology 2012; 135:112-24. [PMID: 22044352 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2567.2011.03522.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 194] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Interleukin-23 (IL-23) is a member of the IL-12 family of cytokines with pro-inflammatory properties. Its ability to potently enhance the expansion of T helper type 17 (Th17) cells indicates the responsibility for many of the inflammatory autoimmune responses. Emerging data demonstrate that IL-23 is a key participant in central regulation of the cellular mechanisms involved in inflammation. Both IL-23 and IL-17 form a new axis through Th17 cells, which has evolved in response to human diseases associated with immunoactivation and immunopathogeny, including bacterial or viral infections and chronic inflammation. Targeting of IL-23 or the IL-23 receptor or IL-23 axis is a potential therapeutic approach for autoimmune diseases including psoriasis, inflammatory bowel disease, rheumatoid arthritis and multiple sclerosis. The current review focuses on the immunobiology of IL-23 and summarizes the most recent findings on the role of IL-23 in the pre-clinical and ongoing clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunlei Tang
- Centre of Drug Discovery, State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Products and Function, China
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42
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Donkor ON, Ravikumar M, Proudfoot O, Day SL, Apostolopoulos V, Paukovics G, Vasiljevic T, Nutt SL, Gill H. Cytokine profile and induction of T helper type 17 and regulatory T cells by human peripheral mononuclear cells after microbial exposure. Clin Exp Immunol 2012; 167:282-95. [PMID: 22236005 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2249.2011.04496.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The immunomodulatory effects of probiotics were assessed following exposure of normal peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC), cord blood cells and the spleen-derived monocyte/macrophage cell line CRL-9850 to Lactobacillus acidophilus LAVRI-A1, Lb. rhamnosus GG, exopolysaccharides (EPS)-producing Streptococcus thermophilus St1275, Bifidobacteriun longum BL536, B. lactis B94 and Escherichia coli TG1 strains. The production of a panel of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines by PBMC following bacterial stimulation was measured, using live, heat-killed or mock gastrointestinal tract (GIT)-exposed bacteria, and results show that (i) all bacterial strains investigated induced significant secretion of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines from PBMC-derived monocytes/macrophages; and (ii) cytokine levels increased relative to the expansion of bacterial cell numbers over time for cells exposed to live cultures. Bifidobacteria and S. thermophilus stimulated significant concentrations of transforming growth factor (TGF)-β, an interleukin necessary for the differentiation of regulatory T cells (T(reg) )/T helper type 17 (Th17) cells and, as such, the study further examined the induction of Th17 and T(reg) cells after PBMC exposure to selected bacteria for 96 h. Data show a significant increase in the numbers of both cell types in the exposed populations, measured by cell surface marker expression and by cytokine production. Probiotics have been shown to induce cytokines from a range of immune cells following ingestion of these organisms. These studies suggest that probiotics' interaction with immune-competent cells produces a cytokine milieu, exerting immunomodulatory effects on local effector cells, as well as potently inducing differentiation of Th17 and T(reg) cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- O N Donkor
- School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Victoria University, Werribee Campus, Werribee, Vic, Australia.
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43
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Antiviral immune responses by human langerhans cells and dendritic cells in HIV-1 infection. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2012; 762:45-70. [PMID: 22975871 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4614-4433-6_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The main route of human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) infection is via unprotected sexual intercourse, and therefore, vaginal tissues and male foreskin are viral entry sites. Langerhans cells (LCs) and dendritic cells (DCs) are amongst the first immune cells encountering HIV-1 since these cells line these mucosal tissues. Both LCs and DCs are equipped with specific pattern recognition receptors that not only sense pathogens, but induce specific immune responses against these pathogens. LCs express the C-type lectin receptor langerin, which provides protection against HIV-1 infection. In contrast, DCs express the C-type lectin receptor DC-SIGN, which facilitates capture as well as infection of DCs and subsequent transmission to CD4(+) T cells. This chapter gives an update on immune responses elicited against viruses and sheds a light on different immune mechanisms that are hijacked by HIV-1 to infect the host. HIV-1 infection ultimately leads to the worldwide pandemic acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS).
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Chiang CLL, Hagemann AR, Leskowitz R, Mick R, Garrabrant T, Czerniecki BJ, Kandalaft LE, Powell DJ, Coukos G. Day-4 myeloid dendritic cells pulsed with whole tumor lysate are highly immunogenic and elicit potent anti-tumor responses. PLoS One 2011; 6:e28732. [PMID: 22194898 PMCID: PMC3237492 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0028732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2011] [Accepted: 11/14/2011] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
“Day-7” myeloid DCs are commonly used in the clinic. However, there is a strong need to develop DCs faster that have the same potent immunostimulatory capacity as “Day-7” myeloid DCs and at the same time minimizing time, labor and cost of DC preparations. Although “2 days” DCs can elicit peptide-specific responses, they have not been demonstrated to engulf, process and present complex whole tumor lysates, which could be more convenient and personalized source of tumor antigens than defined peptides. In this preclinical study, we evaluated the T-cell stimulatory capacity of Day-2, Day-4, and Day-7 cultured monocyte-derived DCs loaded with SKOV3 cell whole lysate prepared by freeze-thaw or by UVB-irradiation followed by freeze-thaw, and matured with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and interferon (IFN)-gamma. DCs were evaluated for antigen uptake, and following maturation with LPS and IFN-gamma, DCs were assessed for expression of CD80, CD40, CD86, ICAM-1 and CCR7, production of IL-12p70 and IP-10, and induction of tumor-specific T-cell responses. Day-4 and Day-7 DCs exhibited similar phagocytic abilities, which were superior to Day-2 DCs. Mature Day-7 DCs expressed the highest CD40 and ICAM-1, but mature Day-4 DCs produced the most IL-12p70 and IP-10. Importantly, Day-4 and Day-7 DCs derived from ovarian cancer patients stimulated equally strongly tumor-specific T-cell responses. This is the first study demonstrating the highly immunogenic and strong T-cell stimulatory properties of Day-4 myeloid DCs, and provided important preclinical data for rapid development of potent whole tumor lysate-loaded DC vaccines that are applicable to many tumor types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheryl Lai-Lai Chiang
- Ovarian Cancer Research Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Andrea R. Hagemann
- Ovarian Cancer Research Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Rachel Leskowitz
- Ovarian Cancer Research Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Rosemarie Mick
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Thomas Garrabrant
- Ovarian Cancer Research Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Brian J. Czerniecki
- Rena Rowan Breast Cancer Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Lana E. Kandalaft
- Ovarian Cancer Research Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Daniel J. Powell
- Ovarian Cancer Research Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - George Coukos
- Ovarian Cancer Research Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Kawashima T, Hayashi K, Kosaka A, Kawashima M, Igarashi T, Tsutsui H, Tsuji NM, Nishimura I, Hayashi T, Obata A. Lactobacillus plantarum strain YU from fermented foods activates Th1 and protective immune responses. Int Immunopharmacol 2011; 11:2017-24. [DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2011.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2011] [Revised: 08/18/2011] [Accepted: 08/21/2011] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Tuladhar R, Natarajan G, Satoskar AR. Role of co-stimulation in Leishmaniasis. Int J Biol Sci 2011; 7:1382-90. [PMID: 22110389 PMCID: PMC3221945 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.7.1382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2011] [Accepted: 10/01/2011] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Leishmania are obligate intracellular parasites that cause a wide spectrum of diseases ranging from cutaneous, mucocutaneous and the visceral kind. Persistence or resolution of leishmaniasis is governed by host immune response. Co-stimulation is an important secondary signal that governs the extent, strength and direction of the immune response that follows. Co-stimulation by CD40, B7 and OX40 family has been shown to influence the outcome following Leishmania infection and manipulation of these pathways has shown promise for use in immune therapy of leishmaniasis. In this review, we discuss the roles of CD40, B7 and OX40 co-stimulatory pathways in regulating immunity to Leishmania and their implications in the treatment of this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rashmi Tuladhar
- 1. Department of Microbiology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43221, USA
- 2. Department of Pathology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43221, USA
| | - Gayathri Natarajan
- 1. Department of Microbiology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43221, USA
- 2. Department of Pathology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43221, USA
| | - Abhay R Satoskar
- 1. Department of Microbiology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43221, USA
- 2. Department of Pathology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43221, USA
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Foster N, Berndt A, Lalmanach AC, Methner U, Pasquali P, Rychlik I, Velge P, Zhou X, Barrow P. Emergency and therapeutic vaccination--is stimulating innate immunity an option? Res Vet Sci 2011; 93:7-12. [PMID: 22015261 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2011.05.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2011] [Revised: 05/08/2011] [Accepted: 05/24/2011] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
There is increasing evidence that activation of innate immunity, in animals and man, by live vaccines, sub-unit vaccines or synthetic or non-synthetic stimulants can induce a profound and rapidly induced resistance to pathogens, including infectious agents that are unrelated to the stimulating antigen or agent. We review the evidence for this phenomenon and present the proposition that this approach might be used to stimulate immunity during the life of the animal when susceptibility to infection is high and when normal vaccination procedures may be inappropriate.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Foster
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Science, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington, Loughborough, Leicestershire LE12 5RD, UK
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48
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Bosnjak B, Stelzmueller B, Erb KJ, Epstein MM. Treatment of allergic asthma: modulation of Th2 cells and their responses. Respir Res 2011; 12:114. [PMID: 21867534 PMCID: PMC3179723 DOI: 10.1186/1465-9921-12-114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 151] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2011] [Accepted: 08/25/2011] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Atopic asthma is a chronic inflammatory pulmonary disease characterised by recurrent episodes of wheezy, laboured breathing with an underlying Th2 cell-mediated inflammatory response in the airways. It is currently treated and, more or less, controlled depending on severity, with bronchodilators e.g. long-acting beta agonists and long-acting muscarinic antagonists or anti-inflammatory drugs such as corticosteroids (inhaled or oral), leukotriene modifiers, theophyline and anti-IgE therapy. Unfortunately, none of these treatments are curative and some asthmatic patients do not respond to intense anti-inflammatory therapies. Additionally, the use of long-term oral steroids has many undesired side effects. For this reason, novel and more effective drugs are needed. In this review, we focus on the CD4+ Th2 cells and their products as targets for the development of new drugs to add to the current armamentarium as adjuncts or as potential stand-alone treatments for allergic asthma. We argue that in early disease, the reduction or elimination of allergen-specific Th2 cells will reduce the consequences of repeated allergic inflammatory responses such as lung remodelling without causing generalised immunosuppression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Berislav Bosnjak
- Department of Dermatology, DIAID, Experimental Allergy Laboratory, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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49
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Kojima N, Kato C, Igarashi M, Ishii M. Development of peritoneal macrophage along a dendritic cell lineage in response to uptake of oligomannose-coated liposomes. Cell Immunol 2011; 271:335-41. [PMID: 21875704 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellimm.2011.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2011] [Revised: 07/01/2011] [Accepted: 07/27/2011] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we investigate the potential of peritoneal macrophages to differentiate into dendritic cell (DCs) in response to preferential uptake of oligomannose-coated liposomes (OMLs). About 30% of peritoneal cells (PECs) preferentially took up OMLs that were administered into the peritoneal cavity. The OML-ingesting cells expressed CD11b and F4/80, but lacked CD11c expression, indicating that the OML-ingesting PECs with a CD11b(high)CD11c(-) phenotype are resident peritoneal macrophages. During in vitro cultivation, CD11c(+) cells arose among the PECs with ingested OMLs. CD11c(+) cells also developed among enriched peritoneal CD11b(high)CD11(-) cells from OML-treated mice, and the resulting CD11c(+) cells expressed co-stimulatory molecules and MHC class II. In addition, OML-ingesting CD11b(high)CD11c(+) cells were found in spleen after the enriched peritoneal macrophages with ingested OMLs were transplanted in the peritoneal cavity of mice. These results show that a fraction of peritoneal macrophages can differentiate into mature DCs following uptake of OMLs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoya Kojima
- Department of Applied Biochemistry, Tokai University, Hiratsuka, Kanagawa, Japan.
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Li A, Xiong S, Lin Y, Liu R, Chu Y. A high-affinity T-helper epitope enhances peptide-pulsed dendritic cell-based vaccine. DNA Cell Biol 2011; 30:883-92. [PMID: 21612399 DOI: 10.1089/dna.2011.1222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The NV epitope, a dominant helper determinant from the circumsporozoite antigen of Plasmodium falciparum, is strongly immunogenic and can provide help for cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) activation. In this study, we evaluated whether the addition of NV peptide can augment the efficacy of peptide-pulsed dendritic cell (DC) immunization in vivo. Using B16 melanoma as tumor model, we demonstrated that DCs pulsed with both NV and gp100 (a melanoma-specific antigen) peptide enhanced immune priming and protection from tumor challenge in vivo. Further, we showed the mechanisms of the NV epitope that help CTL activation; MHC-II-restricted NV peptide induced dramatically more effective helper cells, with a higher level of CD40L expression and IFN-γ production, which, in turn, more effectively conditioned DCs for CTL activation. The improved helper cells also induced greater IL-12 production by DCs, accounting for the reciprocal T-helper polarization to Th1, and increased the expression of costimulatory molecules. Collectively, these findings demonstrate that NV peptide in addition to tumor antigen-pulsed DC immunizations augment helper cell activation, which in turn promotes maturation of DC, and enhance in vivo antitumor activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ang Li
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine of Ministry of Education, Department of Immunology of Shanghai Medical College and Institute for Immunobiology, Fudan University, Shanghai, P.R. China
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