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Duan X, Han H, Liu J, Qiu Y, Wang Y, Wu X, Zhang H, Zou Z, Qiu J, Chen C, Xiao F, Tian X. Deferasirox exerts anti-epileptic effects by improving brain iron homeostasis via regulation of ITPRIP. Neurochem Int 2024; 176:105725. [PMID: 38561151 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2024.105725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2024] [Revised: 03/16/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Epilepsy constitutes a global health concern, affecting millions of individuals and approximately one-third of patients exhibit drug resistance. Recent investigations have revealed alterations in cerebral iron content in both epilepsy patients and animal models. However, the extant literature lacks a comprehensive exploration into the ramifications of modulating iron homeostasis as an intervention in epilepsy. This study investigated the impact of deferasirox, a iron ion chelator, on epilepsy. This study unequivocally substantiated the antiepileptic efficacy of deferasirox in a kainic acid-induced epilepsy model. Furthermore, deferasirox administration mitigated seizure susceptibility in a pentylenetetrazol-induced kindling model. Conversely, the augmentation of iron levels through supplementation has emerged as a potential exacerbating factor in the precipitating onset of epilepsy. Intriguingly, our investigation revealed a hitherto unreported discovery: ITPRIP was identified as a pivotal modulator of excitatory synaptic transmission, regulating seizures in response to deferasirox treatment. In summary, our findings indicate that deferasirox exerts its antiepileptic effects through the precise targeting of ITPRIP and amelioration of cerebral iron homeostasis, suggesting that deferasirox is a promising and novel therapeutic avenue for interventions in epilepsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinhao Duan
- Department of Health Laboratory Technology, School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Huifang Han
- Department of Health Laboratory Technology, School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Jing Liu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurology, Chongqing, 400016, China; Department of Neurology, Chongqing University Three Gorges Hospital, Chongqing, 404100, China
| | - Yu Qiu
- Department of Neurology, University-Town Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 401331, China
| | - Yi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Neuropharmacology and Translational Medicine of Zhejiang Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China
| | - Xiaotian Wu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, University-Town Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 401331, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurology, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Zhen Zou
- Molecular Biology Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Institute of Life Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Jingfu Qiu
- Department of Health Laboratory Technology, School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Chengzhi Chen
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China.
| | - Fei Xiao
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurology, Chongqing, 400016, China; Key Laboratory of Major Brain Disease and Aging Research(Ministry of Education), Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China.
| | - Xin Tian
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurology, Chongqing, 400016, China; Key Laboratory of Major Brain Disease and Aging Research(Ministry of Education), Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China.
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Radaković M, Andrić JF, Spariosu K, Vejnović B, Filipović MK, Andrić N. Serum oxidant-antioxidant status and butyrylcholinesterase activity in dogs with idiopathic epilepsy - A pilot study. Res Vet Sci 2023; 165:105076. [PMID: 37939632 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2023.105076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Revised: 10/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
Oxidative stress plays an important role in pathogenesis of idiopathic epilepsy (IE). Although IE is the most common neurological condition, oxidant-antioxidant status in epileptic dogs is still unknown. The aim of this study is to evaluate the serum oxidant-antioxidant status in dogs with newly diagnosed IE. The status in 15 dogs with IE and 15 healthy dogs is estimated through spectrophotometric determination of two oxidant markers: advanced oxidation protein products-albumin index (AOPP) and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS); and three antioxidant markers: total thiols (R-SH) level, glutathione (GSH) level, and paraoxonase-1 (PON-1) activity. Also, butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) activity is assessed in both groups of dogs. Higher AOPP is observed in the dogs with newly diagnosed IE, while TBARS level shows no difference when compared to the healthy dogs. In contrast, lower levels of antioxidants (R-SH, GSH, and PON-1) and BChE activity are found in the dogs with IE. No significant differences are observed in the oxidant and antioxidant markers and BChE activity across the investigated IE cases with focal and generalized seizures. Our findings provide evidence that dogs with IE are characterized by an impaired serum oxidant-antioxidant balance and lower BChE activity, which may contribute to a better understanding of IE pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milena Radaković
- Department of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Belgrade, Bul. oslobodjenja 18, Belgrade 11000, Serbia.
| | - Jelena Francuski Andrić
- Department of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Belgrade, Bul. oslobodjenja 18, Belgrade 11000, Serbia.
| | - Kristina Spariosu
- Department of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Belgrade, Bul. oslobodjenja 18, Belgrade 11000, Serbia.
| | - Branislav Vejnović
- Department of Economics and Statistics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Belgrade, Bul. oslobodjenja 18, Belgrade 11000, Serbia.
| | - Milica Kovačević Filipović
- Department of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Belgrade, Bul. oslobodjenja 18, Belgrade 11000, Serbia.
| | - Nenad Andrić
- Department of Equine, Small Аnimal, Poultry and Wild Animal Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Bul. oslobodjenja 18, Belgrade s, Serbia.
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Lolak N, Akocak S, Durgun M, Duran HE, Necip A, Türkeş C, Işık M, Beydemir Ş. Novel bis-ureido-substituted sulfaguanidines and sulfisoxazoles as carbonic anhydrase and acetylcholinesterase inhibitors. Mol Divers 2023; 27:1735-1749. [PMID: 36136229 DOI: 10.1007/s11030-022-10527-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
To discover alternative substances to compounds used to treat many diseases, especially treating Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Parkinson's disease targeting carbonic anhydrase (hCA) and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) enzymes, is important. For this purpose, a series of novel bis-ureido-substituted sulfaguanidine (SG1-4) and sulfisoxazole (SO1-4) derivatives were synthesized, and their inhibitory capacities were screened against hCA isoenzymes (hCA I and II) and AChE. Possible binding mechanisms of inhibitors to the active site were elucidated by in silico studies, and the results were supported by in vitro results. Moreover, the percent radical scavenging capacities of the derivatives were also evaluated. The derivatives (SG1-4 and SO1-4) were more effective against hCAs compared to standard drug acetazolamide (KI values of 98.28-439.17 nM for hCA I and II, respectively) and exhibited the highest inhibition with the KIs in the ranges of 2.54 ± 0.50-41.02 ± 7.52 nM for hCA I, 11.20 ± 2.97-67.14 ± 13.58 nM for hCA II, and 257.60 ± 27.84-442.60 ± 52.13 nM for AChE. Also, compounds SG1 and SO1 also showed ABTS radical scavenging activity at the rate of 70% and 78%, respectively. These results will contribute to the literature for the rational design and synthesis of new potent and selective inhibitors targeting hCAs and AChE with multifunctional effects such as radical scavenging as well as inhibition. This study focused on the synthesis and inhibitory effects of bis-ureido-substituted sulfaguanidine (SG1-4) and sulfisoxazole (SO1-4) derivatives against human hCA I and II isoforms and AChE. In order to test synthesized derivatives' free radical scavenging potentials were the DPPH and ABTS assays. In silico studies elucidated possible binding mechanisms of inhibitors to the active site.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nebih Lolak
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Adıyaman University, 02040, Adiyaman, Turkey.
| | - Süleyman Akocak
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Adıyaman University, 02040, Adiyaman, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Durgun
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Harran University, 63290, Şanlıurfa, Turkey
| | - Hatice Esra Duran
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Kafkas University, 36100, Kars, Turkey
| | - Adem Necip
- Department of Pharmacy Services, Vocational School of Health Services, Harran University, 63300, Şanlıurfa, Turkey
| | - Cüneyt Türkeş
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Erzincan Binali Yıldırım University, 24002, Erzincan, Turkey.
| | - Mesut Işık
- Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Bilecik Şeyh Edebali University, 11230, Bilecik, Turkey
| | - Şükrü Beydemir
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University, 26470, Eskişehir, Turkey
- The Rectorate of Bilecik Şeyh Edebali University, 11230, Bilecik, Turkey
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Insulin-Like Growth Factor-1 Promotes Synaptogenesis Signaling, a Major Dysregulated Pathway in Malformation of Cortical Development, in a Rat Model. Mol Neurobiol 2023; 60:3299-3310. [PMID: 36847937 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-023-03256-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/01/2023]
Abstract
Malformation of cortical development (MCD) is one of the main causes of intractable epilepsy in childhood. We explored a treatment based on molecular changes using an infant rat model of methylazoxymethanol (MAM)-induced MCD established by injecting MAM at gestational day 15. The offspring were sacrificed on postnatal day (P) 15 for proteomic analysis, which revealed significant downregulation in the synaptogenesis signaling pathway in the cortex of MCD rats. Recombinant human insulin-growth factor-1 (rhIGF-1) was injected from P12 to P14 twice daily and the effect of IGF1 on N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA)-induced spasms (15 mg/kg of NMDA, i.p.) was tested; the onset of P15 single spasm was significantly delayed (p = 0.002) and the number of spasms decreased (p < 0.001) in rhIGF1-pretreated rats (n = 17) compared to those in VEH-treated rats (n = 18). Electroencephalographic monitoring during spasms showed significantly reduced spectral entropy and event-related spectral dynamics of fast oscillation in rhIGF-1 treated rats. Magnetic resonance spectroscopy of the retrosplenial cortex showed decreased glutathione (GSH) (p = 0.039) and significant developmental changes in GSH, phosphocreatine (PCr), and total creatine (tCr) (p = 0.023, 0.042, 0.015, respectively) after rhIGF1 pretreatment. rhIGF1 pretreatment significantly upregulated expression of cortical synaptic proteins such as PSD95, AMPAR1, AMPAR4, NMDAR1, and NMDAR2A (p < 0.05). Thus, early rhIGF-1 treatment could promote synaptic protein expression, which was significantly downregulated by prenatal MAM exposure, and effectively suppress NMDA-induced spasms. Early IGF1 treatment should be further investigated as a therapeutic strategy in infants with MCD-related epilepsy.
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Kunachowicz D, Ściskalska M, Kepinska M. Modulatory Effect of Lifestyle-Related, Environmental and Genetic Factors on Paraoxonase-1 Activity: A Review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:2813. [PMID: 36833509 PMCID: PMC9957543 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20042813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Paraoxonase-1 (PON1) is a calcium-dependent, HDL-bound serum hydrolase active toward a wide variety of substrates. PON1 displays three types of activities, among which lactonase, paraoxonase, arylesterase and phosphotriesterase can be distinguished. Not only is this enzyme a major organophosphate compound detoxifier, but it is also an important constituent of the cellular antioxidant system and has anti-inflammatory and antiatherogenic functions. The concentration and activity of PON1 is highly variable among individuals, and these differences can be both of genetic origin and be a subject of epigenetic regulation. Owing to the fact that, in recent decades, the exposure of humans to an increasing number of different xenobiotics has been continuously rising, the issues concerning the role and activity of PON1 shall be reconsidered with particular attention to growing pharmaceuticals intake, dietary habits and environmental awareness. In the following manuscript, the current state of knowledge concerning the influence of certain modifiable and unmodifiable factors, including smoking, alcohol intake, gender, age and genotype variation on PON1 activity, along with pathways through which these could interfere with the enzyme's protective functions, is presented and discussed. Since exposure to certain xenobiotics plays a key role in PON1 activity, the influence of organophosphates, heavy metals and several pharmaceutical agents is also specified.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Marta Kepinska
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, Division of Biomedical and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 211A, 50–556 Wrocław, Poland
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Duran HE. Pyrimidines: Molecular docking and inhibition studies on carbonic anhydrase and cholinesterases. Biotechnol Appl Biochem 2023; 70:68-82. [PMID: 35112394 DOI: 10.1002/bab.2329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder. The disease is characterized by dementia, memory impairment, cognitive impairment, and speech impairment. Cholinesterases (ChEs; AChE, acetylcholinesterase and BChE, butyrylcholinesterase) inhibitors and their benefits of cholinergic replacement in the treatment of AD have been researched and documented by scientists in various ways to date. Recent studies prove that human carbonic anhydrases (hCAs) are also one of the important targets in the treatment of AD. Therefore, the development of new agents that can simultaneously modulate the various mechanisms or targets involved in the AD pathway may be a powerful strategy to treat AD, the current disease. Considering these data, the effects of the pyrimidines (1-7) were investigated in this study for the discovery and development of multitargeted ChEs and hCAs inhibitors associated with AD. In addition, the molecular docking analysis of the 4-amino-2-choloropyrimidine (2) was performed to understand the binding interactions on the active site of the enzyme. All compounds (1-7) showed satisfactory enzyme inhibitory potency in micromolar concentrations against AChE, BChE, hCAI, and hCAII with KI values ranging from 0.099 to 0.241 μM, from 1.324 to 3.418 μM, from 0.201 to 0.884 μM, from 1.867 to 3.913 μM, respectively. Due to their ChEs and hCAs inhibition, these compounds (1-7) may be considered as leads for investigations in neurodegenerative diseases. All these results revealed that the 4-amino-5,6-dichloropyrimidine (7) (KI value of 0.201 ± 0.041 μM for hCA I), the 4-amino-6-hydroxypyrimidine (4) (KI value of 1.867 ± 0.296 μM for hCA II), the 4-amino-5,6-dichloropyrimidine (7) (KI value of 0.099 ± 0.008 μM for AChE), and the 4-amino-2-chloropyrimidine (2) (KI value of 1.324 ± 0.273 μM for BChE) from the pyrimidines in this series were the most promising derivatives, as they exhibited a good multifunctional inhibition at all experimental levels and in the in silico validation against these enzymes, for the treatment of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hatice Esra Duran
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Kafkas University, Kars, Turkey
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7
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Buldurun K, Aras A, Turan N, Turkan F, Adiguzel R, Bursal E. Synthesis and Characterization of Azo Dye Complexes as Potential Inhibitors of Acetylcholinesterase, Butyrylcholinesterase, and Glutathione S‐Transferase. ChemistrySelect 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202203365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kenan Buldurun
- Health Services Vocational School Mus Alparslan University 49250 Mus Turkey
| | - Abdülmelik Aras
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science and Arts Igdır University 76000 Igdır Turkey
| | - Nevin Turan
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Arts and Sciences Mus Alparslan University 49250 Mus Turkey
| | - Fikret Turkan
- Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry Igdır University 76000 Igdır Turkey
| | - Ragip Adiguzel
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Process Technologies, Tunceli Vocational School Munzur University 62000 Tunceli Turkey
| | - Ercan Bursal
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Mus Alparslan University 49250 Mus Turkey
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Işık M, Beydemir Ş. AChE mRNA expression as a possible novel biomarker for the diagnosis of coronary artery disease and Alzheimer's disease, and its association with oxidative stress. Arch Physiol Biochem 2022; 128:352-359. [PMID: 31726885 DOI: 10.1080/13813455.2019.1683584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Oxidative metabolic reactions and their by products have played a role in coronary artery disease (CAD) and Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathogenesis. This study was carried out on 28 patients with AD, 21 patients with CAD, and 28 healthy as control. Oxidative stress biomarkers and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity were assayed in plasma. mRNA expression of AChE was investigated in leukocytes of patients with CAD and AD. Thus, Alzheimer's and coronary artery patients were observed that the protein carbonyl levels and mRNA expression of AChE were increased (p<.05, p<.01, respectively). The plasma total thiol levels were decreased compared to the control group (p<.05). There was a significant relationship between amyloid β (Aβ) accumulation and oxidative stress, cholinergic gene expression. AChE gene expression and protein oxidation were increased in patients with AD and CAD. These results suggest that increased release of AChE from cells produces neurotoxic β-amyloid plaques and may cause neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mesut Işık
- Department of Pharmacy Services, Vocational School of Health Services, Harran University, Şanlıurfa, Turkey
| | - Şükrü Beydemir
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University, Eskişehir, Turkey
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Michelin AP, Maes MHJ, Supasitthumrong T, Limotai C, Matsumoto AK, de Oliveira Semeão L, de Lima Pedrão JV, Moreira EG, Kanchanatawan B, Barbosa DS. Reduced paraoxonase 1 activities may explain the comorbidities between temporal lobe epilepsy and depression, anxiety and psychosis. World J Psychiatry 2022. [DOI: 10.5498/wjp.v12.i2.317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
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Michelin AP, Maes MHJ, Supasitthumrong T, Limotai C, Matsumoto AK, de Oliveira Semeão L, de Lima Pedrão JV, Moreira EG, Kanchanatawan B, Barbosa DS. Reduced paraoxonase 1 activities may explain the comorbidities between temporal lobe epilepsy and depression, anxiety and psychosis. World J Psychiatry 2022; 12:308-322. [PMID: 35317335 PMCID: PMC8900591 DOI: 10.5498/wjp.v12.i2.308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2021] [Revised: 08/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) is the most common focal epilepsy subtype in adults and is frequently accompanied by depression, anxiety and psychosis. Aberrations in total paraoxonase 1 (PON1) status may occur in TLE and these psychiatric conditions.
AIM To examine PON1 status, namely Q192R PON1 genotypes and PON1 enzymatic activities, in TLE.
METHODS We recruited 40 normal controls and 104 TLE patients, 27 without comorbidities and 77 with comorbidities including mood disorders (n = 25), anxiety disorders (n = 27) and psychosis (n = 25).
RESULTS Four-(chloromethyl)phenyl acetate hydrolysis (CMPAase) and arylesterase activities were significantly lower in TLE and mesial temporal sclerosis (MTS) with and without psychiatric comorbidities than those in normal controls. The areas under the receiver operating characteristic curve of CMPAase were 0.893 (0.037) for TLE and 0.895 (± 0.037) for MTS. Partial least squares path analysis showed that there were specific indirect effects of PON1 genotype on TLE severity (P < 0.0001) and psychopathology (P < 0.0001), which were both mediated by lowered CMPAase activity, while arylesterase activity was not significant. The severity of TLE was significantly associated with psychopathology scores. Furthermore, PON1 CMPAase activity was inversely associated with Mini Mental State Examination score.
CONCLUSION The severity of TLE and comorbidities are to a large extent explained by reduced PON1 enzyme activities and by effects of the Q192R genotype, which are mediated by reduced CMPAase activity. Total PON1 status plays a key role in the pathophysiology of TLE, MTS and psychiatric comorbidities by increasing the risk of oxidative toxicity. PON1 enzyme activities are new drug targets in TLE to treat seizure frequency and psychiatric comorbidities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Paula Michelin
- Health Sciences Center, State University of Londrina, Londrina 86038-440, Brazil
| | - Michael H J Maes
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
- Department of Psychiatry, Medical University of Plovdiv, Plovdiv 4004, Bulgaria
- IMPACT Strategic Research Center, Deakin University, Geelong 3220, Australia
| | | | - Chusak Limotai
- Chulalongkorn Comprehensive Epilepsy Center of Excellence, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, The Thai Red Cross Society, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | | | | | | | | | - Buranee Kanchanatawan
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
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Sarecka-Hujar B, Szołtysek-Bołdys I, Kopyta I. Serum Levels of Lipids and Selected Aminothiols in Epileptic Children—A Pilot Case-Control Study. Brain Sci 2022; 12:brainsci12010120. [PMID: 35053863 PMCID: PMC8774067 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci12010120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Revised: 01/08/2022] [Accepted: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Standard treatment of epileptic seizures involves the use of antiepileptic drugs (AEDs). Both AEDs themselves and treatment duration may influence the levels of biochemical parameters, e.g., lipids or homocysteine (HCys), that may increase the risk of cardiovascular diseases. The aim of the present study was to compare the levels of lipid parameters, as well as the concentrations of selected aminothiols (i.e., HCys, cysteine, and glutathione) between epileptic children treated with multiple AEDs and children without epilepsy. Methods: In the study, 21 children with epilepsy treated with two or more AEDs for at least 6 months (8 girls and 13 boys, mean age 7.03 ± 4.51) and 23 children without epilepsy (7 girls and 16 boys, mean age 7.54 ± 3.90) were prospectively analyzed. Lipid parameters, i.e., total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), low density lipoprotein (LDL) and high density lipoprotein (HDL), and levels of selected aminothiols were determined in the blood serum. Results: No differences in the mean levels of lipid parameters and in the mean values of lipid ratios (TC/HDL, TG/HDL, LDL/HDL) were observed between the total groups as well as in the sex subgroups. HCys and cysteine levels did not differ between the patients and controls. We observed significantly lower levels of glutathione in children with epilepsy than in children without epilepsy (1.49 ± 0.35 µmol/L vs. 2.39 ± 1.17 µmol/L, respectively) (p < 0.001). Glutathione level was also lower in boys with epilepsy than in boys without epilepsy (p = 0.007). Similarly, epileptic girls had statistically decreased levels of glutathione when compared to girls without epilepsy (p = 0.006). Conclusions: A lower level of glutathione is observed in pediatric patients with epilepsy treated with two or more AEDs for at least 6 months. This indicates the oxidative stress of the patients treated with AEDs, which in turn may affect their well-being, and in the case of chronic occurrence resulting from long-term treatment, also on the function of the liver and the condition of the cardiovascular system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beata Sarecka-Hujar
- Department of Basic Biomedical Science, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences in Sosnowiec, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, 41-200 Sosnowiec, Poland
- Correspondence: or ; Tel.: +48-32-2699830
| | - Izabela Szołtysek-Bołdys
- Department of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences in Sosnowiec, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, 41-200 Sosnowiec, Poland;
| | - Ilona Kopyta
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, 40-752 Katowice, Poland;
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Türkeş C, Demir Y, Beydemir Ş. Infection Medications: Assessment In‐Vitro Glutathione S‐Transferase Inhibition and Molecular Docking Study. ChemistrySelect 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202103197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Cüneyt Türkeş
- Department of Biochemistry Faculty of Pharmacy Erzincan Binali Yıldırım University Erzincan 24002 Turkey
| | - Yeliz Demir
- Department of Pharmacy Services Nihat Delibalta Göle Vocational High School Ardahan University Ardahan 75700 Turkey
| | - Şükrü Beydemir
- Department of Biochemistry Faculty of Pharmacy Anadolu University Eskişehir 26470 Turkey
- The Rectorate of Bilecik Şeyh Edebali University Bilecik 11230 Turkey
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13
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Cucchiara F, Ferraro S, Luci G, Bocci G. Relevant pharmacological interactions between alkylating agents and antiepileptic drugs: Preclinical and clinical data. Pharmacol Res 2021; 175:105976. [PMID: 34785318 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2021.105976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Revised: 11/07/2021] [Accepted: 11/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Seizures are relatively common in cancer patients, and co-administration of chemotherapeutic and antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) is highly probable and necessary in many cases. Nonetheless, clinically relevant interactions between chemotherapeutic drugs and AEDs are rarely summarized and pharmacologically described. These interactions can cause insufficient tumor and seizure control or lead to unforeseen toxicity. This review focused on pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic interactions between alkylating agents and AEDs, helping readers to make a rational choice of treatment optimization, and thus improving patients' quality of life. As an example, phenobarbital, phenytoin, and carbamazepine, by increasing the hepatic metabolism of cyclophosphamide, ifosfamide and busulfan, yield smaller peak concentrations and a reduced area under the plasma concentration-time curve (AUC) of the prodrugs; alongside, the maximum concentration and AUC of their active products were increased with the possible onset of severe adverse drug reactions. On the other side, valproic acid, acting as histone deacetylase inhibitor, showed synergistic effects with temozolomide when tested in glioblastoma. The present review is aimed at providing evidence that may offer useful suggestions for rational pharmacological strategies in patients with seizures symptoms undertaking alkylating agents. Firstly, clinicians should avoid the use of enzyme-inducing AEDs in combination with alkylating agents and prefer the use of AEDs, such as levetiracetam, that have a low or no impact on hepatic metabolism. Secondly, a careful therapeutic drug monitoring of both alkylating agents and AEDs (and their active metabolites) is necessary to maintain therapeutic ranges and to avoid serious adverse reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federico Cucchiara
- Unit of Pharmacology, Department of Clinical and Experimental, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Sara Ferraro
- Unit of Pharmacology and Pharmacovigilance, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Giacomo Luci
- Unit of Pharmacology, Department of Clinical and Experimental, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Guido Bocci
- Unit of Pharmacology, Department of Clinical and Experimental, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.
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14
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Turan N, Buldurun K, Adiguzel R, Aras A, Turkan F, Bursal E. Investigation of spectroscopic, thermal, and biological properties of FeII, CoII, ZnII, and RuII complexes derived from azo dye ligand. J Mol Struct 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2021.130989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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15
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Atalar MN, Aras A, Türkan F, Barlak N, Yildiko Ü, Karatas OF, Alma MH. The effects of Daucus carota extract against PC3, PNT1a prostate cells, acetylcholinesterase, glutathione S-transferase, and α-glycosidase; an in vitro-in silico study. J Food Biochem 2021; 45:e13975. [PMID: 34676566 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.13975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2021] [Revised: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 10/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Daucus carota L. ssp. major (DCM) plant is widely used in traditional medicine to treat some types of cancer and various diseases. Therefore, we evaluated the biological activities of this plant to define its effects against prostate cancer (PCa), Alzheimer's disease (AD), oxidation, and diabetes mellitus (DM) as well as identified its phenolic composition. To determine the anti-cancer properties of the plant extract, we treated PCa cells with the extract at a concentration range of 0.25, 0.5, 1, 2, and 4 mg/ml. Significant results were obtained against the PC3 cells compared to normal PNT1a prostate epithelial cells. As a result of precise measurements at the millimolar level, it was observed that the plant extract showed an effective inhibition (IC50 ) against glutathione S-transferase (GST; 12.84 mM), acetyl cholinesterase (AChE; 15.07 mM), and α-Gly (11.75 mM) enzymes when compared with standard inhibitors. Antioxidant activities of DCM methanol extract were determined via two well-known in vitro techniques. The extracts showed antioxidant activities against the DPPH and ABTS+ . The LC-ESI-MS/MS was used to determine the phenolic compounds of methanol extract from DCM. Chlorogenic acid (2,089.096 µg/g), shikimic acid (193.14 µg/g), and coumarin (113.604 µg/g) were characterized as major phenolic compounds. In addition, the interactions of chlorogenic acid, chrysin, coumarin, and shikimic acid with the used three enzymes have been calculated using molecular docking simulation. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: Plant natural phenolic compounds have protective effects such as anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anticarcinogen, and enzyme inhibitory. Therefore, it has an important place in the food and pharmaceutical industry. The present study aims to reveal the enzyme inhibitory, antioxidant, and anticarcinogenic properties of the Daucus carota ssp. Major (DCM) plant extract. Significant results were obtained against the PC3 cells compared to normal PNT1a prostate epithelial cells. DCM extract demonstrated considerable antioxidant activity and inhibitory potential on used metabolic enzymes. These biological effects are thought to have a relationship with rich chemical composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehmet Nuri Atalar
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science and Arts, Iğdır University, Iğdır, Turkey
| | - Abdülmelik Aras
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science and Arts, Iğdır University, Iğdır, Turkey
| | - Fikret Türkan
- Health Services Vocational School, Igdır University, Igdır, Turkey
| | - Neslisah Barlak
- Molecular Biology and Genetics Department, Erzurum Technical University, Erzurum, Turkey.,Cancer Therapeutics Laboratory, High Technology Application and Research Center, Erzurum Technical University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Ümit Yildiko
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Igdir University, Igdir, Turkey.,Department of Bioengineering, Kafkas University, Kars, Turkey
| | - Omer Faruk Karatas
- Molecular Biology and Genetics Department, Erzurum Technical University, Erzurum, Turkey.,Cancer Therapeutics Laboratory, High Technology Application and Research Center, Erzurum Technical University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Hakkı Alma
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science and Arts, Iğdır University, Iğdır, Turkey
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16
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Taslimi P, Işık M, Türkan F, Durgun M, Türkeş C, Gülçin İ, Beydemir Ş. Benzenesulfonamide derivatives as potent acetylcholinesterase, α-glycosidase, and glutathione S-transferase inhibitors: biological evaluation and molecular docking studies. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2021; 39:5449-5460. [PMID: 32691682 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2020.1790422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2020] [Accepted: 06/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Sulfonamide derivatives exhibit a wide biological activity and can function as potential medical molecules in the development of a drug. Studies have reported that the compounds have an effect on many enzymes. In this study, the derivatives of amine sulfonamide (1i-11i) were prepared with reduced imine compounds (1-11) with NaBH4 in methanol. The synthesized compounds were fully characterized by spectral data and analytical. The effect of the synthesized derivatives on acetylcholinesterase (AChE), glutathione S-transferase (GST) and α-glycosidase (α-GLY) enzymes were determined. For the AChE and α-GLY, the most powerful inhibition was observed on 10 and 10i series with KI value in the range 2.26 ± 0.45-3.57 ± 0.97 and 95.73 ± 13.67-102.45 ± 11.72 µM, respectively. KI values of the series for GST were found in the range of 22.76 ± 1.23-49.29 ± 4.49. Finally, the compounds have a stronger inhibitor in lower concentrations by the attachment of functional electronegative groups such as two halogens (-Br and -CI), -OH to the benzene ring and -SO2NH2. The crystal structures of AChE, α-GLY, and GST in complex with selected derivatives 4 and 10 show the importance of the functional moieties in the binding modes within the receptors.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parham Taslimi
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Bartın University, Bartın, Turkey
| | - Mesut Işık
- Department of Pharmacy Services, Vocational School of Health Services, Harran University, Şanlıurfa, Turkey
| | - Fikret Türkan
- Department of Medical Services and Techniques, Vocational School of Health Services, Iğdır University, Iğdır, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Durgun
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Harran University, Şanlıurfa, Turkey
| | - Cüneyt Türkeş
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Erzincan Binali Yıldırım University, Erzincan, Turkey
| | - İlhami Gülçin
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Şükrü Beydemir
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University, Eskişehir, Turkey
- The Rectorate of Bilecik Şeyh Edebali University, Bilecik, Turkey
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17
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Turkyilmaz IB, Altas N, Arisan I, Yanardag R. Effect of vitamin B 6 on brain damage in valproic acid induced toxicity. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2021; 35:e22855. [PMID: 34309959 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.22855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Revised: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Valproic acid (VPA) is an efficient antiepileptic drug widely used for the treatment of epilepsy and other seizures in both children and adults. It is also reported to have side and toxic effects on many organs and tissues. Vitamin B6 (Vit B6 ) is a well-described water-soluble vitamin, which has an antioxidant effect. In this study, we aimed to investigate the protective effect of Vit B6 on VPA-induced brain injury. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into four groups. Group I, control animals; Group II, Vit B6 (50 mg/kg/day) given rats; Group III, VPA (500 mg/kg/day) given rats; Group IV, VPA and Vit B6 given rats at same dose and time. VPA and Vit B6 were administered intraperitoneally and orally, respectively, for 7 days. At the end of the experiments, the rats were sacrificed and brain tissues were taken. Protein carbonyl and sialic acid levels, xanthine oxidase, adenosine deaminase, acetylcholine esterase, lactate dehydrogenase, myeloperoxidase activities, total oxidant status, and reactive oxygen species levels were found to be increased, while glutathione and total antioxidant capacity levels, catalase, superoxide dismutase, glutathione-S-transferase, paraoxonase, and glutathione reductase activities were found to be decreased in the VPA group. Administration of Vit B6 reversed these defects in the VPA group. These findings indicate that Vit B6 has a protective effect on VPA-induced brain damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ismet Burcu Turkyilmaz
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Nilay Altas
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Yildiz Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Inci Arisan
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Yildiz Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Refiye Yanardag
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, Istanbul, Turkey
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18
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Gong T, Liu Y, Chen Y, Lin L, Lin Y, Wang G. Focal corticarl dysplasia in epilepsy is associated with GABA increase. Neuroimage Clin 2021; 31:102763. [PMID: 34280836 PMCID: PMC8313738 DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2021.102763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Revised: 07/08/2021] [Accepted: 07/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Focal cortical dysplasia (FCD) is a major cause of drug-resistant epilepsy; however the underlying epileptogenic mechanisms of FCD metabolism in epilepsy patients remain unclear. The aim of this study is to detect alterations of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA), glutathione (GSH), and the composite of glutamate and glutamine (Glx) in MRI-typical and neuropathologically confirmed FCD-associated epilepsy using Hadamard Encoding and Reconstruction of Mega-Edited Spectroscopy (HERMES). MATERIALS AND METHODS Fourteen epileptic patients suspected to be caused by FCD and 14 healthy controls were enrolled prospectively in this study; all subjects underwent a 3 T MRI scan, including 3D T1 weighted imaging and HERMES. The GABA signal detected by HERMES also contains signals from macromolecules and homocarnosine, so it is referred as GABA+. Signals of GABA+, GSH and Glx detected by HERMES from tumor foci, contralateral cerebral regions, and healthy controls were quantified using Gannet. Fitting errors and signal to noise ratios (SNRs) of GABA + signals were also recorded. Differences of GABA+, GSH, Glx, fitting error and SNR of GABA + among three groups were analyzed using linear mixed effects models. RESULTS Twelve FCD-associated epilepsy patients (7 females, aged 21.9 ± 9.3 years) and 12 matched healthy controls (7 females, aged 22.8 ± 9.8 years) were finally enrolled in this study. ANOVA results indicated that GABA levels were significantly increased in FCD foci compared with contralateral regions (p = 0.008) and with healthy controls (p = 0.003), while no difference was found in GSH and Glx levels. No difference of fitting errors or SNR of GABA + was found among FCD foci, contralateral regions and healthy controls. CONCLUSIONS Increased GABA levels were found in FCD foci that indicated GABA may play a central role in the pathophysiology of FCD patients with epilepsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Gong
- Department of Radiology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China; MSunSoft Health Group, Shandong, China
| | - Yubo Liu
- Department of Radiology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China
| | - Yufan Chen
- Department of Radiology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China
| | | | - Youting Lin
- Department of Neurology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China.
| | - Guangbin Wang
- Department of Radiology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China.
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19
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Cetin A, Türkan F, Bursal E, Murahari M. Synthesis, Characterization, Enzyme Inhibitory Activity, and Molecular Docking Analysis of a New Series of Thiophene-Based Heterocyclic Compounds. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY 2021. [DOI: 10.1134/s107042802104014x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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20
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Akocak S, Taslimi P, Lolak N, Işık M, Durgun M, Budak Y, Türkeş C, Gülçin İ, Beydemir Ş. Synthesis, Characterization, and Inhibition Study of Novel Substituted Phenylureido Sulfaguanidine Derivatives as α‐Glycosidase and Cholinesterase Inhibitors. Chem Biodivers 2021; 18:e2000958. [DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202000958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Suleyman Akocak
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry Faculty of Pharmacy Adıyaman University Adıyaman 02040 Turkey
| | - Parham Taslimi
- Department of Biotechnology Faculty of Science Bartın University Bartın 74100 Turkey
| | - Nebih Lolak
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry Faculty of Pharmacy Adıyaman University Adıyaman 02040 Turkey
| | - Mesut Işık
- Department of Bioengineering Faculty of Engineering Bilecik Şeyh Edebali University Bilecik 11230 Turkey
| | - Mustafa Durgun
- Department of Chemistry Faculty of Arts and Sciences Harran University Şanlıurfa 63290 Turkey
| | - Yakup Budak
- Department of Chemistry Faculty of Arts and Sciences Gaziosmanpaşa University Tokat 60250 Turkey
| | - Cüneyt Türkeş
- Department of Biochemistry Faculty of Pharmacy Erzincan Binali Yıldırım University Erzincan 24100 Turkey
| | - İlhami Gülçin
- Department of Chemistry Faculty of Sciences Atatürk University Erzurum 25240 Turkey
| | - Şükrü Beydemir
- Department of Biochemistry Faculty of Pharmacy Anadolu University Eskişehir 26470 Turkey
- The Rectorate of Bilecik Şeyh Edebali University Bilecik 11230 Turkey
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21
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Glutathione S-transferase: Purification and Characterization from Quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica) Liver and the Impact of Some Metal Ions on Enzyme Activity. BIONANOSCIENCE 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s12668-020-00811-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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22
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Çalışkan B, Öztürk Kesebir A, Demir Y, Akyol Salman İ. The effect of brimonidine and proparacaine on metabolic enzymes: Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase, and glutathione reductase. Biotechnol Appl Biochem 2021; 69:281-288. [PMID: 33438819 DOI: 10.1002/bab.2107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2020] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative stress is to upregulate the pentose phosphate pathway (PPP). The PPP consists of two functional branches, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) and 6-phosphogluconaste dehydrogenase (6PGD). Glutathione reductase (GR) has a significant role in catalyzing an oxidized glutathione form into a reduced form. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of brimonidine and proparacaine on the activity of 6PGD, G6PD, and GR enzymes purified from human erythrocytes. Brimonidine displayed considerable inhibition profile against G6PD with IC50 value and KI constant of 29.93 ± 3.56 and 48.46 ± 0.66 μM, respectively. On the other hand, proparacaine had no inhibitory effect against G6PD. KI values were found to be 66.06 ± 0.78 and 811.50 ± 11.13 μM for brimonidine and proparacaine, respectively, for 6PGD. KI values were found to be 144.10 ± 2.01 and 1,654.00 ± 26.29 μM for brimonidine and proparacaine, respectively, for GR. Herein, also in silico molecular docking studies were performed between drugs and enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Büşra Çalışkan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Arzu Öztürk Kesebir
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Yeliz Demir
- Department of Pharmacy Services, Nihat Delibalta Göle Vocational High School, Ardahan University, Ardahan, Turkey
| | - İlknur Akyol Salman
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey
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23
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Taslimi P, Türkan F, Güngördü Solğun D, Aras A, Erden Y, Celebioglu HU, Tuzun B, Ağırtaş MS, Günay S, Gulcin I. Metal contained Phthalocyanines with 3,4-Dimethoxyphenethoxy substituents: their anticancer, antibacterial activities and their inhibitory effects on some metabolic enzymes with molecular docking studies. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2020; 40:2991-3002. [PMID: 33234029 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2020.1844051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
The compounds (3-6) used in this study were re-synthesized in accordance with our previous study. The inhibitory effect of the complexes on some metabolic enzymes was examined and it was demonstrated that the enzymes inhibited by ligands and their complex molecules at micromolar level. The best Ki value for α-glycosidase enzyme was absorved 1.01±0.08 µM for compound 6. The biological activity of ligand and metal complexes against enzymes was compared with molecular docking method. The enzymes used against ligand and metal complexes respectively: Achethylcholinesterase for ID 4M0E (AChE), butyrylcholinesterase for ID 5NN0 (BChE), α-glycosidase for ID 1XSI (α-Gly). ADME analysis was performed to examine the drug properties of the compounds (3-6). Besides, the anticancer properties of the complexes were studied. The doses of all compounds caused significant reductions in MCF-7 cell viability. The 3 and 5 compounds administered to PC-3 cells exhibited a more pronounced cytotoxic effect than the other two compounds (4 and 6). Furthermore, antibacterial activities of these compounds against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus were examined.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parham Taslimi
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Bartin University, Bartin, Turkey
| | - Fikret Türkan
- Health Services Vocational School, Igdır University, Igdır, Turkey
| | - Derya Güngördü Solğun
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Van Yuzuncu Yıl University, Van, Turkey
| | - Abdülmelik Aras
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science and Arts, Iğdır University, Iğdır, Turkey
| | - Yavuz Erden
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science, Bartin University, Bartin, Turkey
| | | | - Burak Tuzun
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Cumhuriyet University, Sivas, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Salih Ağırtaş
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Van Yuzuncu Yıl University, Van, Turkey
| | - Sevilay Günay
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science, Bartin University, Bartin, Turkey
| | - Ilhami Gulcin
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
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Tunali S, Cimen ES, Yanardag R. The effects of chard on brain damage in valproic acid-induced toxicity. J Food Biochem 2020; 44:e13382. [PMID: 32754946 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.13382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2020] [Revised: 05/19/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Valproic acid (VPA; 2-propyl valeric acid) is a potent drug widely used in treating anxiety disorders, migraine as well as epileptic diseases. In the ongoing study chard protective effect was investigated, on the damaged VPA rat brain. Sprague Dawley rats (females) were grouped as follows: control, VPA (500 mg kg-1 day-1 VPA intraperitoneal), chard (100 mg/kg day chard extract by gavage), VPA + chard (500 mg kg-1 day-1 VPA + 100 mg kg-1 day-1 chard extract). Aqueous chard leaves extract was given 1 hr before apply VPA for a period of 7 days. Lipid peroxidation, advanced oxidation protein products and protein carbonyl content, and superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione-S-transferase, and glutathione reductase activities increased in the VPA group. Reduced glutathione levels, paraoxanase, and acetylcholinesterase activities were significantly diminished in the VPA animals. Chard extract application curatively reverted the studied biochemical parameters. The results obtained, it has been found the chard has a protective and antioxidant effect on brain damage induced by VPA. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: Valproic acid is a comparably safe pharmaceutical agent, but it can cause severe adverse effects on biological metabolism when it is used in high amount. There are not many studies declared that VPA stimulate the generation of ROS, which is liable for the life-threatening adverse effects of VPA therapy including hepatotoxicity neurotoxicity and teratogenicity. Chard is a plant which has antimicrobial, antibacterial, antiinflammatory, antioxidant, antitumor, antiacetylcholinesterase activities, and hepatoprotective effects. In the current study we examined the protection of the VPA damaged rat brain by chard.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sevim Tunali
- Faculty of Engineering, Department of Chemistry, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Esra Sule Cimen
- Faculty of Engineering, Department of Chemistry, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Refiye Yanardag
- Faculty of Engineering, Department of Chemistry, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey
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25
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Türkeş C, Demir Y, Beydemir Ş. Some calcium-channel blockers: kinetic and in silico studies on paraoxonase-I. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2020; 40:77-85. [DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2020.1806927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Cüneyt Türkeş
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Biochemistry, Erzincan Binali Yıldırım University, Erzincan, Turkey
| | - Yeliz Demir
- Department of Pharmacy Services, Nihat Delibalta Göle Vocational High School, Ardahan University, Ardahan, Turkey
| | - Şükrü Beydemir
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Biochemistry, Anadolu University, Eskişehir, Turkey
- The Rectorate of Bilecik Şeyh Edebali University, Bilecik, Turkey
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26
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Management of antiepileptic drug-induced nutrition-related adverse effects. Neurol Sci 2020; 41:3491-3502. [PMID: 32661886 DOI: 10.1007/s10072-020-04573-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 07/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Although antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) are mainstay of the treatment of epilepsy, they are associated with significant adverse effects. The present study reviews the adverse effects of AEDs on some of the nutrition-related issues, including bone health, body weight, glucose and lipid metabolism, vitamin homeostasis, antioxidant defense system, and pregnancy. This paper also provides some nutritional recommendations for people with epilepsy. Patients with epilepsy should be regularly evaluated with regard to their nutrition status and any possible nutritional problems. Daily intake of adequate amounts of all nutrients from various sources should be encouraged, especially for vulnerable groups such as children, adolescents, elderly, and pregnant women. When necessary, preventative or therapeutic supplementation with appropriate micronutrients could be helpful. Graphical abstract.
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27
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Demir Y, Türkeş C, Beydemir Ş. Molecular Docking Studies and Inhibition Properties of Some Antineoplastic Agents against Paraoxonase-I. Anticancer Agents Med Chem 2020; 20:887-896. [DOI: 10.2174/1871520620666200218110645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2019] [Revised: 12/15/2019] [Accepted: 01/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Background:
Currently, most of the drugs used in clinical applications show their pharmacological
influences by inhibiting or activating enzymes. Therefore, enzyme inhibitors have an essential place in the drug
design for many diseases.
Objective:
The current study aimed to contribute to this growing drug design field (i.e., medicine discovery and
development) by analyzing enzyme-drug interactions.
Methods:
For this reason, Paraoxonase-I (PON1) enzyme was purified from fresh human serum by using rapid
chromatographic techniques. Additionally, the inhibition effects of some antineoplastic agents were researched
on the PON1.
Results:
The enzyme was obtained with a specific activity of 2603.57 EU/mg protein. IC50 values for pemetrexed
disodium, irinotecan hydrochloride, dacarbazine, and azacitidine were determined to be 9.63μM,
30.13μM, 53.31μM, and 21.00mM, respectively. These agents found to strongly inhibit PON1, with Ki constants
ranging from 8.29±1.47μM to 23.34±2.71mM. Dacarbazine and azacitidine showed non-competitive inhibition,
while other drugs showed competitive inhibition. Furthermore, molecular docking was performed using maestro
for these agents. Among these, irinotecan hydrochloride and pemetrexed disodium possess the binding energy of
-5.46 and -8.43 kcal/mol, respectively.
Conclusion:
The interaction studies indicated that these agents with the PON1 possess binding affinity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeliz Demir
- Department of Pharmacy Services, Nihat Delibalta Gole Vocational High School, Ardahan University, 75700, Ardahan, Turkey
| | - Cüneyt Türkeş
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Erzincan Binali Yildirim University, 24100, Erzincan, Turkey
| | - Şükrü Beydemir
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University, 26470, Eskisehir, Turkey
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Lolak N, Akocak S, Türkeş C, Taslimi P, Işık M, Beydemir Ş, Gülçin İ, Durgun M. Synthesis, characterization, inhibition effects, and molecular docking studies as acetylcholinesterase, α-glycosidase, and carbonic anhydrase inhibitors of novel benzenesulfonamides incorporating 1,3,5-triazine structural motifs. Bioorg Chem 2020; 100:103897. [PMID: 32413628 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2020.103897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2020] [Revised: 04/24/2020] [Accepted: 04/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Some metabolic enzyme inhibitors can be used in the treatment of many diseases. Therefore, synthesis and determination of alternative inhibitors are essential. In this study, the inhibition effect of newly synthesized compounds on carbonic anhydrase (cytosolic isoforms, hCA I and hCA II), α-glycosidase (α-GLY), and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) were investigated. The possible binding mechanism of the compounds with a high inhibitory effect on the active site of the enzyme was demonstrated by molecular docking method. We investigated the inhibition effects of novel synthesized compounds (MZ1-MZ11) on metabolic enzymes such as α-GLY, AChE, and hCA I and II. The compound MZ6 for AChE, MZ8 for CA I and CA II and MZ7 for α-GLY showed a very active inhibition profile (KIs 51.67 ± 4.76 for hCA I, 40.35 ± 5.74 nM for hCA II, 41.74 ± 8.08 nM for α-GLY and 335.76 ± 46.91 nM for AChE). The novel synthesized compounds (MZ1-MZ11) have a higher enzyme (α-GLY, AChE, hCA I, and II) inhibitory potential than ACR, TAC, and AZA, respectively. The compounds may have the potential to be used as alternative medicines after further research in the treatment of many diseases such as diabetes, Alzheimer's disease, heart failure, ulcer, and epilepsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nebih Lolak
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Adıyaman University, Adıyaman 02040, Turkey
| | - Süleyman Akocak
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Adıyaman University, Adıyaman 02040, Turkey.
| | - Cüneyt Türkeş
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Erzincan Binali Yıldırım University, Erzincan 24100, Turkey
| | - Parham Taslimi
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Bartın University, Bartın 74100, Turkey
| | - Mesut Işık
- Department of Pharmacy Services, Vocational School of Health Services, Harran University, Şanlıurfa 63300, Turkey
| | - Şükrü Beydemir
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University, Eskişehir 26470, Turkey
| | - İlhami Gülçin
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Atatürk University, Erzurum 25240, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Durgun
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Harran University, Şanlıurfa 63290, Turkey
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29
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Demir Y. Naphthoquinones, benzoquinones, and anthraquinones: Molecular docking,
ADME
and inhibition studies on human serum paraoxonase‐1 associated with cardiovascular diseases. Drug Dev Res 2020; 81:628-636. [DOI: 10.1002/ddr.21667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2019] [Revised: 03/12/2020] [Accepted: 03/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yeliz Demir
- Department of Pharmacy Services, Nihat Delibalta Göle Vocational High SchoolArdahan University Ardahan Turkey
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30
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Işık M, Beydemir Ş, Demir Y, Durgun M, Türkeş C, Nasır A, Necip A, Akkuş M. Benzenesulfonamide derivatives containing imine and amine groups: Inhibition on human paraoxonase and molecular docking studies. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 146:1111-1123. [PMID: 31739032 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.09.237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2019] [Revised: 09/09/2019] [Accepted: 09/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Sulfonamides known as inhibitors of many metabolic enzymes have been widely used as antimicrobial drugs for a long time. In the present study, we investigated in vitro inhibitory activities of benzenesulfonamide derivatives on human paraoxonase-I (hPON1). For this aim, PON1 was purified from human serum with a specific activity of 2603.57 EU/mg and 8.34% yield using simple chromatographic methods. The various concentrations of early-synthesized sixteen sulfonamide derivatives were tested on the paraoxonase activity. Ki values of compounds were found in the range of 0.28-357.70 µM. Compound H4 had the highest inhibitory activity on hPON1 as competitive. Estimated structure-activity relationship (SAR) for compounds was done based on different substituents and their positions in the compounds. Besides, the molecular docking analysis of compound H4 was performed to understand the binding interactions on the active site of the enzyme. According to these experimental results, compound H4 was a potential inhibitor of PON1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mesut Işık
- Department of Pharmacy Services, Health Services Vocational School, Harran University, 63300 Şanlıurfa, Turkey
| | - Şükrü Beydemir
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University, 26470 Eskişehir, Turkey.
| | - Yeliz Demir
- Department of Pharmacy Services, Nihat Delibalta Göle Vocational High School, Ardahan University, Ardahan 75700, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Durgun
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Harran University, 63290 Şanlıurfa, Turkey
| | - Cüneyt Türkeş
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Erzincan Binali Yıldırım University, 24100 Erzincan, Turkey
| | - Abdul Nasır
- Department of Molecular Science and Technology, Ajou University, Suwon 443-749, South Korea
| | - Adem Necip
- Department of Pharmacy Services, Health Services Vocational School, Harran University, 63300 Şanlıurfa, Turkey
| | - Musa Akkuş
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Atatürk University, 25240 Erzurum, Turkey
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31
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Benzenesulfonamide derivatives containing imine and amine groups: Inhibition on human paraoxonase and molecular docking studies. Int J Biol Macromol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.09.237 pmid: 31739032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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32
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Demir Y, Balcı N, Gürbüz M. Differential effects of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors on paraoxonase-1 enzyme activity: An in vitro study. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2019; 226:108608. [PMID: 31422163 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2019.108608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2019] [Revised: 08/09/2019] [Accepted: 08/14/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Paraoxonase-I (PON1) is a calcium-dependent hydrolytic enzyme, plays an important role in most antioxidant properties related to high-density lipoprotein (HDL). Antidepressant drugs are commonly employed in treatment of mood disorders and anxiety treatment. In this study, human serum PON1 was purified using simple reproducible procedures and the effects of some antidepressant drugs on its activity were determined. It was found that mirtazapine, aripiprazole, escitalopram, and risperidone exhibited potential inhibitory properties on the purified PON1 activity with IC50 values in the range of 115.50-231.00 μM and Ki values in the range of 41.66 ± 4.27 μM-276.36 ± 35.28 μM. Both risperidone and escitalopram inhibited PON1 activity competitively, while both aripiprazole and mirtazapine inhibited PON1 activity non-competitively. Chlorpromazine did not affect PON1 activity. Usage of drugs with significant biological activity may be hazardous in some cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeliz Demir
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Atatürk University, 25240 Erzurum, Turkey; Department of Pharmacy Services, Nihat Delibalta Göle Vocational High School, Ardahan University, 75700, Ardahan, Turkey.
| | - Neslihan Balcı
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Atatürk University, 25240 Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Mahmut Gürbüz
- Gaziantep Islahiye State Hospital, 27800 Gaziantep, Turkey
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33
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Demir Y. Purification of Glutathione Reductase from Human Erythrocytes: Inhibition Profile of Some Anti-Epileptic Drugs. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019. [DOI: 10.21597/jist.525154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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34
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Işık M, Demir Y, Durgun M, Türkeş C, Necip A, Beydemir Ş. Molecular docking and investigation of 4-(benzylideneamino)- and 4-(benzylamino)-benzenesulfonamide derivatives as potent AChE inhibitors. CHEMICAL PAPERS 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s11696-019-00988-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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35
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Özaslan MS, Balcı N, Demir Y, Gürbüz M, Küfrevioğlu Öİ. Inhibition effects of some antidepressant drugs on pentose phosphate pathway enzymes. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2019; 72:103244. [PMID: 31557707 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2019.103244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2019] [Revised: 08/09/2019] [Accepted: 08/15/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The glucose metabolism in the pentose cycle is essential to the source of NADPH. Deficiency of these enzymes have been linked to depression and psychotic disorders. Depression is an increasingly prevalent mental disorder which may cause loss of labor. Antidepressant drugs are commonly employed in treatments of mood disorders and anxiety treatment. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of aripiprazole, mirtazapine, risperidone, escitalopram and haloperidol on the activity of 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase (6PGD) and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) enzymes purified from human erythrocytes. It was found that aripiprazole, mirtazapine, risperidone, escitalopram and haloperidol show effective inhibitor properties on purified G6PD and 6PGD enzymes. The IC50 values of these drugs were found in the range of 26.34 μM-5.78 mM for 6PGD and 16.26 μM-3.85 mM for G6PD. The Ki values of the drugs were found in the range of 30.21 ± 4.31 μM-4.51 ± 1.83 mM for 6PGD and 14.12 ± 3.48 μM-4.98 ± 1.14 mM for G6PD. Usage of drugs with significant biological effects may be a hazard in some conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammet Serhat Özaslan
- Department of Pharmacy Services, Nihat Delibalta Göle Vocational High School, Ardahan University, 75700, Ardahan, Turkey
| | - Neslihan Balcı
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Atatürk University, 25240, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Yeliz Demir
- Department of Pharmacy Services, Nihat Delibalta Göle Vocational High School, Ardahan University, 75700, Ardahan, Turkey.
| | - Mahmut Gürbüz
- Gaziantep Islahiye State Hospital, 27800, Gaziantep, Turkey
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36
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Türkan F, Atalar MN, Aras A, Gülçin İ, Bursal E. ICP-MS and HPLC analyses, enzyme inhibition and antioxidant potential of Achillea schischkinii Sosn. Bioorg Chem 2019; 94:103333. [PMID: 31677859 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2019.103333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2019] [Revised: 09/27/2019] [Accepted: 09/29/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Achillea schischkinii Sosn. is an endemic plant species and it belongs to Asteraceae family. It is distributed widely in the Central and East Anatolia. This study was carried out for evaluation of the antioxidant activity, enzyme inhibition effect, elemental and phenolic content of A. schischkinii. Briefly, acetylcholinesterase (AChE), butyrylcholinesterase (BChE), α-glycosidase (α-Gly), and glutathione S-transferase (GST) enzymes were strongly inhibited by A. schischkinii. IC50 values for AChE, BChE, α-Gly, and GST enzymes were found as 19.3 mg/mL, 15.4 mg/mL, 69.3 mg/mL, and 34.7 mg/mL respectively. The antioxidant activity of the sample was evaluated by four different in vitro bioanalytical methods. Besides, the concentrations of twelve elements in A. schischkinii were analyzed by ICP-MS technique. Zn (50.6 ppm), Mn (23.0 ppm), and Cu (12.7 ppm) were found as major elements. Furthermore, catechin (20.8 µg/mg extract), trans-ferulic acid (18.3 µg/mg extract), and gallic acid (11.2 µg/mg extract) were characterized as major phenolic compounds by using HPLC. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: Acetylcholinesterase, butyrylcholinesterase, α-glycosidase, and glutathione s-transferase enzymes have crucial functions on metabolism. Enzyme inhibition or activation mostly attributed to some health disorders such as Alzheimer's disease, Diabetes mellitus, cancer and hyperglycemia. Phenolic contents are responsible for effective biological activity. This study evaluated the phenolic content and antioxidant activity of Achillea schischkinii as well as the inhibition effect against four metabolic enzymes. The results would be beneficial for using the plant in the food industry and pharmacological process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fikret Türkan
- Department of Medical Services and Techniques, Health Services Vocational School, Igdır University, Igdır, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Nuri Atalar
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science and Arts, Igdır University, Igdır, Turkey
| | - Abdülmelik Aras
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science and Arts, Igdır University, Igdır, Turkey
| | - İlhami Gülçin
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Ercan Bursal
- Department of Nursing, School of Health, Mus Alparslan University, Mus, Turkey.
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37
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Aras A, Bursal E, Türkan F, Tohma H, Kılıç Ö, Gülçin İ, Köksal E. Phytochemical Content, Antidiabetic, Anticholinergic, and Antioxidant Activities of Endemic
Lecokia cretica
Extracts. Chem Biodivers 2019; 16:e1900341. [DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.201900341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Abdülmelik Aras
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science and ArtsIgdır University 76100 Igdır Turkey
| | - Ercan Bursal
- Department of Nursing, School of HealthMuş Alparslan University 49250 Mus Turkey
| | - Fikret Türkan
- Health Services Vocational SchoolIgdır University 76100 Igdır Turkey
| | - Hatice Tohma
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of ScienceErzincan University 26100 Erzincan Turkey
| | - Ömer Kılıç
- Department of Pharmaceutical Professional Sciences, Pharmacy FacultyAdıyaman University 02100 Adıyaman Turkey
| | - İlhami Gülçin
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of ScienceAtatürk University 25100 Erzurum Turkey
| | - Ekrem Köksal
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of ScienceErzincan University 26100 Erzincan Turkey
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38
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Çağlayan C, Taslimi P, Demir Y, Küçükler S, Kandemir FM, Gulçin İ. The effects of zingerone against vancomycin-induced lung, liver, kidney and testis toxicity in rats: The behavior of some metabolic enzymes. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2019; 33:e22381. [PMID: 31454121 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.22381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2019] [Revised: 07/04/2019] [Accepted: 07/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
In this study, it was demonstrated the ameliorative effect of zingerone (ZO) (25 and 50 mg/kg body weight) against vancomycin (VCM) (200 mg/kg body weight) administered to rats on some metabolic enzymes' activities in the lung, liver, kidney, and testis tissues of rats. Forty-two rats were divided into six groups as follows: control, ZO-25, ZO-50, VCM, VCM + ZO-25, and VCM + ZO-50. α-Glycosidase, butyrylcholinesterase, aldose reductase, acetylcholinesterase, paraoxonase-1, and carbonic anhydrase enzyme activities were significantly (P < .05) decreased in VCM group when compared with the control group. ZO, supplied with VCM, significantly activated some of these enzyme in all tissues. The results of this study showed that ZO regulates abnormal increases and decreases in VCM-induced metabolic enzyme activities in all tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cüneyt Çağlayan
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Bingol University, Bingol, Turkey
| | - Parham Taslimi
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Bartin University, Bartin, Turkey
| | - Yeliz Demir
- Department of Pharmacy Services, Nihat Delibalta Göle Vocational High School, Ardahan University, Ardahan, Turkey
| | - Sefa Küçükler
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Fatih Mehmet Kandemir
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - İlhami Gulçin
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey
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39
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The Influence of Some Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs on Metabolic Enzymes of Aldose Reductase, Sorbitol Dehydrogenase, and α-Glycosidase: a Perspective for Metabolic Disorders. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2019; 190:437-447. [DOI: 10.1007/s12010-019-03099-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2019] [Accepted: 07/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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40
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Demir Y. The behaviour of some antihypertension drugs on human serum paraoxonase-1: an important protector enzyme against atherosclerosis. J Pharm Pharmacol 2019; 71:1576-1583. [DOI: 10.1111/jphp.13144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2019] [Accepted: 06/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Objectives
Paraoxonase-1 (PON1) enzyme is related to high-density lipoprotein (HDL), which is calcium dependent. It has essential roles such as protecting LDL against oxidation and detoxification of highly toxic substances. It is a significant risk to reduce the levels of this enzyme in patients with diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular diseases, hyperthyroidism and chronic renal failure.
Methods
Here, it was reported that the purification of human serum PON1 using straightforward methods and determination of the interactions between some antihypertension drugs and the enzyme.
Key finding
It was found that these drugs exhibit potential inhibitor properties for human serum PON1 with IC50 values in the range of 131.40–369.40 μm and Ki values in the range of 56.24 ± 6.75–286.74 ± 28.28 μm. These drugs showed different inhibition mechanisms. It was determined that midodrine and nadolol were exhibited competitive inhibition, but atenolol and pindolol were exhibited non-competitive inhibition.
Conclusion
Usage of these drugs would be hazardous in some cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeliz Demir
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
- Department of Pharmacy Services, Nihat Delibalta Göle Vocational High School, Ardahan University, Ardahan, Turkey
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41
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Türkeş C, Beydemir Ş. Inhibition of Human Serum Paraoxonase-I with Antimycotic Drugs: In Vitro and In Silico Studies. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2019; 190:252-269. [DOI: 10.1007/s12010-019-03073-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2019] [Accepted: 07/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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42
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Novel 2-aminopyridine liganded Pd(II) N-heterocyclic carbene complexes: Synthesis, characterization, crystal structure and bioactivity properties. Bioorg Chem 2019; 91:103134. [PMID: 31374523 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2019.103134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2019] [Revised: 07/16/2019] [Accepted: 07/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
In this work, the synthesis, crystal structure, characterization, and enzyme inhibition effects of the novel a series of 2-aminopyridine liganded Pd(II) N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) complexes were examined. These complexes of the Pd-based were synthesized from PEPPSI complexes and 2-aminopyridine. The novel complexes were characterized by using 13C NMR, 1H NMR, elemental analysis, and FTIR spectroscopy techniques. Also, crystal structures of the two compounds were recorded by using single-crystal X-ray diffraction assay. Also, these complexes were tested toward some metabolic enzymes like α-glycosidase, aldose reductase, butyrylcholinesterase, acetylcholinesterase enzymes, and carbonic anhydrase I, and II isoforms. The novel 2-aminopyridine liganded (NHC)PdI2(2-aminopyridine) complexes (1a-i) showed Ki values of in range of 5.78 ± 0.33-22.51 ± 8.59 nM against hCA I, 13.77 ± 2.21-30.81 ± 4.87 nM against hCA II, 0.44 ± 0.08-1.87 ± 0.11 nM against AChE and 3.25 ± 0.34-12.89 ± 4.77 nM against BChE. Additionally, we studied the inhibition effect of these derivatives on aldose reductase and α-glycosidase enzymes. For these compounds, compound 1d showed maximum inhibition effect against AR with a Ki value of 360.37 ± 55.82 nM. Finally, all compounds were tested for the inhibition of α-glycosidase enzyme, which recorded efficient inhibition profiles with Ki values in the range of 4.44 ± 0.65-12.67 ± 2.50 nM against α-glycosidase.
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Türkan F, Huyut Z, Demir Y, Ertaş F, Beydemir Ş. The effects of some cephalosporins on acetylcholinesterase and glutathione S-transferase: an in vivo and in vitro study. Arch Physiol Biochem 2019; 125:235-243. [PMID: 29564935 DOI: 10.1080/13813455.2018.1452037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Glutathione S-transferase (GST) and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) are important enzymes in the metabolism. GSTs are primarily available in phase II metabolism. AChE is vital for neurodegenerative disorders. SUBJECTS AND METHODS The in vitro and in vivo effects of cefoperazone sodium (CFP), cefuroxime (CXM), and cefazolin (CZO) were investigated on GST and AChE activity in the present study. GST was purified using Glutathione-Agarose affinity chromatography. RESULTS Ki constants of CFP, CXM, and CZO were 0.1392 ± 0.02, 1.5179 ± 0.33, and 1.006 ± 0.11 mM for GST and 0.3010 ± 0.07, 0.3561 ± 0.09, and 0.3844 ± 0.04 mM, for AChE, respectively. The most effective inhibitor was CFP for both enzymes in in vitro. CZO (50 mg/kg), CXM (25 mg/kg), and CFP (100 mg/kg) inhibit in vivo GST and AChE activities. CXM had the most effective in vivo inhibition on AChE and GST. CONCLUSIONS CZO, CXM, and CFP are effective AChE and GST inhibitors in both in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fikret Türkan
- a Department of Medical Services and Techniques, Tuzluca Vocational School , Iğdır University , Igdir , Turkey
| | - Zübeyir Huyut
- b Department of Biochemistry , Van Yüzüncü Yıl University , Van , Turkey
| | - Yeliz Demir
- c Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry Division , Ataturk University , Erzurum , Turkey
| | - Fatma Ertaş
- a Department of Medical Services and Techniques, Tuzluca Vocational School , Iğdır University , Igdir , Turkey
| | - Şükrü Beydemir
- d Department of Biochemistry , Anadolu University , Eskişehir , Turkey
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44
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Beydemir Ş, Türkeş C, Yalçın A. Gadolinium-based contrast agents: in vitro paraoxonase 1 inhibition, in silico studies. Drug Chem Toxicol 2019; 44:508-517. [PMID: 31179770 DOI: 10.1080/01480545.2019.1620266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Medications show their biological effects by interaction with enzymes, which have been known to play an essential role in the pathogenesis of many diseases. Inhibition or induction of drug metabolizing enzymes has an essential place in the drug design for many kinds of diseases including cardiovascular, neurological, metabolic, and cancer. The main goal of the current study is to contribute to this growing drug design field by observing PON1-drug interactions. In recent years, the safety of gadolinium-based contrast agents (GBCAs) used in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has discussed. In the present study, paraoxonase 1 (PON1) enzyme was purified from human serum by simple chromatographic methods with 4095.24 EU mg-1 protein specific activity. The inhibitory activities of gadoteric acid, gadopentetic acid, gadoxetate disodium, and gadodiamide were investigated on PON1 activity of the enzyme. IC50 values were found in the range of 51.28 ± 0.14 to 285.80 ± 0.96 mM. Ki constants were found as 67.95 ± 0.60 mM, 104.97 ± 0.96 mM, 202.33 ± 1.75 mM, and 299.43 ± 2.64 mM for gadoteric acid, gadopentetic acid, gadoxetate disodium, and gadodiamide, respectively. While the inhibition types are determined as competitive of gadoxetate disodium and gadodiamide by the Lineweaver-Burk curves, it was noncompetitive for other compounds. In addition, the molecular docking analyses of gadoxetate disodium and gadodiamide were carried out to understand the binding interactions on the active site of the PON1 enzyme. The structure-activity relationship (SAR) of the drugs was established on the basis of different substituents and their positions in the compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Şükrü Beydemir
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University, Eskişehir, Turkey
| | - Cüneyt Türkeş
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Erzincan Binali Yıldırım University, Erzincan, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Yalçın
- Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Erzincan Binali Yıldırım University, Erzincan, Turkey
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Ceylan H, Demir Y, Beydemir Ş. Inhibitory Effects of Usnic and Carnosic Acid on Some Metabolic Enzymes: An In vitro Study. Protein Pept Lett 2019; 26:364-370. [DOI: 10.2174/0929866526666190301115122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2018] [Revised: 02/07/2019] [Accepted: 02/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Background:
Natural products are produced via primary and secondary metabolism in
different organisms. The compounds obtained via secondary metabolism are not essential for the
survival of the organism, but they can have a different value for humans.
Objective:
The objective of this study was to examine inhibitory effects of Usnic Acid (UA), a
well-known lichen secondary metabolite, and Carnosic Acid (CA), the primary antioxidant
compound of Rosmarinus officinalis L., on purified Human Paraoxonase, (PON1), Glutathione
Reductase (GR) and Glutathione S-Transferase (GST). These enzymes have antioxidant properties
and a protective effect on the oxidation of free radicals. Hence, deficiencies of such enzymes inside
cells can result in a buildup of toxic substances and cause some metabolic disorders.
Methods:
UA and CA were tested in various concentrations against human GST, PON1, and GR
activity in vitro and they reduced human GST, PON1, and GR activity.
Results:
UA Ki constants were calculated as 0.012±0.0019, 0.107±0.06 and 0.21±0.1 mM for GST,
PON1, and GR enzymes. CA Ki constants were determined as 0.028±0.009, 0.094±0.03 and
0.79±0.33 mM, for GST, PON1, and GR enzymes. UA and CA showed competitive inhibition for
GR and GST enzymes, while they exhibited non-competitive inhibition for PON1.
Conclusion:
These findings indicate that UA and CA could be useful in drug development studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamid Ceylan
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Yeliz Demir
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Şükrü Beydemir
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University, Eskisehir, Turkey
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Türkeş C, Arslan M, Demir Y, Çoçaj L, Rifati Nixha A, Beydemir Ş. Synthesis, biological evaluation and in silico studies of novel N-substituted phthalazine sulfonamide compounds as potent carbonic anhydrase and acetylcholinesterase inhibitors. Bioorg Chem 2019; 89:103004. [PMID: 31129502 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2019.103004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2019] [Revised: 05/15/2019] [Accepted: 05/19/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis, characterization and biological evaluation of a series of novel N-substituted phthalazine sulfonamide (5a-l) are disclosed. Phthalazines which are nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compounds are biologically preferential scaffolds, endowed with versatile pharmacological activity, such as anti-inflammatory, cardiotonic vasorelaxant, anticonvulsant, antihypertensive, antibacterial, anti-cancer action. The compounds were investigated for the inhibition against the cytosolic hCA I, II and AChE. Most screened sulfonamides showed high potency in inhibiting hCA II, widely involved in glaucoma, epilepsy, edema, and other pathologies (Kis in the ranging from 6.32 ± 0.06 to 128.93 ± 23.11 nM). hCA I was inhibited with Kis in the range of 6.80 ± 0.10-85.91 ± 7.57 nM, whereas AChE in the range of 60.79 ± 3.51-249.55 ± 7.89 nM. ADME prediction study of the designed N-substituted phthalazine sulfonamides showed that they are not only with carbonic anhydrase and acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activities but also with appropriate pharmacokinetic, physicochemical parameters and drug-likeness properties. Also, in silico docking studies were investigated the binding modes of selected compounds, to hCA I, II, and AChE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cüneyt Türkeş
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Erzincan Binali Yıldırım University, 24100 Erzincan, Turkey.
| | - Mustafa Arslan
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Sakarya University, 54187 Sakarya, Turkey.
| | - Yeliz Demir
- Department of Pharmacy Services, Nihat Delibalta Göle Vocational High School, Ardahan University, 75700 Ardahan, Turkey
| | - Liridon Çoçaj
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematical and Natural Sciences, University of Prishtina, 10000 Prishtina, Republic of Kosova, Serbia
| | - Arleta Rifati Nixha
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematical and Natural Sciences, University of Prishtina, 10000 Prishtina, Republic of Kosova, Serbia
| | - Şükrü Beydemir
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University, 26470 Eskişehir, Turkey
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Anti-diabetic Properties of Calcium Channel Blockers: Inhibition Effects on Aldose Reductase Enzyme Activity. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2019; 189:318-329. [DOI: 10.1007/s12010-019-03009-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2018] [Accepted: 03/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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48
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Bursal E, Aras A, Kılıç Ö, Taslimi P, Gören AC, Gülçin İ. Phytochemical content, antioxidant activity, and enzyme inhibition effect of Salvia eriophora Boiss. & Kotschy against acetylcholinesterase, α-amylase, butyrylcholinesterase, and α-glycosidase enzymes. J Food Biochem 2019; 43:e12776. [PMID: 31353544 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.12776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2018] [Revised: 11/27/2018] [Accepted: 01/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Many taxa of Salvia genus have been used in herbal beverages, food flavoring, cosmetics, and pharmaceutical industry. In this paper, chemical compounds of Salvia eriophora (S. eriophora) leaves were determined by LC-MS/MS (Liquid Chromatography tandem Mass Spectrometry). Salvigenin (158.64 ± 10.8 mg/kg), fumaric acid (123.09 ± 8.54 mg/kg), and quercetagetin-3.6-dimethylether (37.85 ± 7.09 mg/kg) were detected as major compounds in the ethanol extract, whereas fumaric acid (555.96 ± 38.56 mg/kg), caffeic acid (103.62 ± 20.51 mg/kg), and epicatechin (83.19 ± 8.43 mg/kg) were detected as major compounds in the water extract. Furthermore, enzyme inhibition of S. eriophora against acetylcholinesterase (AChE), α-amylase (AM), butyrylcholinesterase (BChE), and α-glycosidase (AG) enzymes were detected. AChE, BChE, AG, and AM enzymes were very strongly inhibited by S. eriophora water extract (WES) and S. eriophora methanol extract (MES). Additionally, antioxidant potential of S. eriophora was determined by in vitro analytical methods. IC50 values of WES and MES were performed for radicals. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: Metabolic enzymes have crucial functions on living systems due to inhibition or activation of them mainly attributed with some health disorders. AChE, BChE, AM, and AG enzymes have important roles on carbohydrate metabolism or cholinergic pathways. The relation between enzyme inhibition effect and phenolic compounds or antioxidant activity need to be confirmed. Thus, many studies tested to clarify this relation for pure samples or plant extracts. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report about inhibition effects of Salvia eriophora extracts against AChE, BChE, AM, and AG enzymes as well as their phenolic contents and antioxidant activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ercan Bursal
- School of Health, Department of Nursing, Muş Alparslan University, Muş, Turkey
| | - Abdulmelik Aras
- Faculty of Science and Arts, Department of Biochemistry, Iğdır University, Iğdır, Turkey
| | - Ömer Kılıç
- Department of Park and Garden Plants, Technical Vocational College, Bingöl University, Bingöl, Turkey
| | - Parham Taslimi
- Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Ahmet C Gören
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Basic Medicine, Bezmialem Vakif University, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - İlhami Gülçin
- Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
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49
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Beltrán-Sarmiento E, Arregoitia-Sarabia CK, Floriano-Sánchez E, Sandoval-Pacheco R, Galván-Hernández DE, Coballase-Urrutia E, Carmona-Aparicio L, Ramos-Reyna E, Rodríguez-Silverio J, Cárdenas-Rodríguez N. Effects of Valproate Monotherapy on the Oxidant-Antioxidant Status in Mexican Epileptic Children: A Longitudinal Study. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2018; 2018:7954371. [PMID: 30622673 PMCID: PMC6304806 DOI: 10.1155/2018/7954371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2018] [Revised: 09/29/2018] [Accepted: 10/21/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Epilepsy is a neurological disorder that can produce brain injury and neuronal death. Several factors such as oxidative stress have been implicated in epileptogenesis. Valproic acid (VPA) is a widely used drug for the treatment of epilepsy, but the mechanisms underlying these benefits are complex and still not fully understood. The objective of this study was to evaluate, for the first time, the effects of VPA on the oxidant-antioxidant status in Mexican epileptic children before and after 6 or 12 months of treatment with VPA by determining the activities of several plasmatic antioxidant enzymes (glutathione reductase (GR), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase (CAT)) and oxidant marker (malondialdehyde (MDA), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), 8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), and 3-nitrotyrosine (3-NT) levels) profiles. The possible relationships between these markers and some clinicopathological factors were also evaluated. Plasma samples were obtained from the peripheral blood of 16 healthy children and 32 patients diagnosed with epilepsy, and antioxidant/oxidant markers were measured spectrometrically. Significant decreases in all antioxidant enzyme activities, with the exception of GPx, and increases in all oxidant markers in epileptic subjects versus healthy children were observed. Interestingly, all these effects reverted after VPA monotherapy, although the results were different depending on the treatment period (6 or 12 months). These changes were contingent upon brain imaging findings, type of epilepsy, etiology of epilepsy, and the efficacy of 6 months of VPA monotherapy. Significant and positive correlations of GPx and SOD activities and H2O2 and 8-OHdG levels with the age of children at the beginning of treatment were observed. H2O2 levels were also positively correlated with number of seizures before VPA monotherapy. VPA showed significant antioxidant effects decreasing seizure activity, possibly depending on the presence of cerebral structural alterations, treatment time, and age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo Beltrán-Sarmiento
- National Institute of Pediatrics, Laboratory of Neurosciences, 04530, Mexico
- National Polytechnic Institute, Section of Research and Graduate Studies, Mexico 11340, Mexico
| | - Cindy K. Arregoitia-Sarabia
- National Institute of Pediatrics, Laboratory of Neurosciences, 04530, Mexico
- National Polytechnic Institute, Section of Research and Graduate Studies, Mexico 11340, Mexico
| | - Esaú Floriano-Sánchez
- University of the Army and Air Force, Secretary of National Defense, Military Graduate School of Health, 11200, Mexico
| | - Roberto Sandoval-Pacheco
- University of the Army and Air Force, Secretary of National Defense, Military Graduate School of Health, 11200, Mexico
| | - Diana E. Galván-Hernández
- University of the Army and Air Force, Secretary of National Defense, Military Graduate School of Health, 11200, Mexico
| | | | | | - Eduardo Ramos-Reyna
- University of the Army and Air Force, Secretary of National Defense, Military Graduate School of Health, 11200, Mexico
| | - Juan Rodríguez-Silverio
- National Polytechnic Institute, Section of Research and Graduate Studies, Mexico 11340, Mexico
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50
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Daryadel S, Atmaca U, Taslimi P, Gülçin İ, Çelik M. Novel sulfamate derivatives of menthol: Synthesis, characterization, and cholinesterases and carbonic anhydrase enzymes inhibition properties. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2018; 351:e1800209. [DOI: 10.1002/ardp.201800209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2018] [Revised: 08/13/2018] [Accepted: 09/01/2018] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Shahla Daryadel
- Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry; Ataturk University; Erzurum Turkey
| | - Ufuk Atmaca
- Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry; Ataturk University; Erzurum Turkey
- Oltu Vocational School; Ataturk University; Erzurum Turkey
| | - Parham Taslimi
- Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry; Ataturk University; Erzurum Turkey
| | - İlhami Gülçin
- Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry; Ataturk University; Erzurum Turkey
| | - Murat Çelik
- Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry; Ataturk University; Erzurum Turkey
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