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Madrigal-Santillán E, Portillo-Reyes J, Morales-González JA, Garcia-Melo LF, Serra-Pérez E, Vidović K, Sánchez-Gutiérrez M, Álvarez-González I, Madrigal-Bujaidar E. Evaluation of the Antigenotoxic Potential of Two Types of Chayote ( Sechium edule) Juices. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:2132. [PMID: 39124250 PMCID: PMC11314257 DOI: 10.3390/plants13152132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2024] [Revised: 07/17/2024] [Accepted: 07/30/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024]
Abstract
Sechium edule (Jacq.) Swartz is a perennial herbaceous climbing plant with tendrils and tuberous roots belonging to the Cucurbitaceae family. Its fruits ("chayote"), stems, roots, and leaves are edible and are commonly ingested by humans. It has shown medicinal properties attributed to its bioactive compounds (vitamins, phenolic acids, flavonoids, carotenoids, triterpenoids, polyphenolic compounds, phytosterols, and cucurbitacins), which together have been associated with the control and prevention of chronic and infectious diseases, highlighting its antibacterial, anti-cardiovascular/antihypertensive, antiepileptic, anti-inflammatory, hepatoprotective, antiproliferative, and antioxidant activities. The objective of the study was to determine the antigenotoxic potential of two types of fresh chayote juice (filtered (FChJ) and unfiltered (UFChJ)) against DNA damage produced by benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P) using an in vivo mouse peripheral blood micronucleus assay (MN). The juices were consumed freely for 2 weeks. A negative control, a control group of each juice, a positive batch [B[a]P], and two combined batches (B[a]P plus FChJ or UFChJ) were included. Blood smears were stained and observed under a microscope to quantify the number of micronucleated normochromic erythrocytes (MNNEs). The results indicate: (a) B[a]P increased the frequency of MNNEs and reduced the rate of PEs; and (b) no juice produced toxic effects or induced MN. On the contrary, both juices were genoprotective. However, the most significant effect was presented by UFChJ at the end of the experiment (70%). It is suggested that UFChJ has a greater amount of fiber and/or phytochemicals that favor the therapeutic effect. Possibly, the genoprotection is also related to its antioxidant capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo Madrigal-Santillán
- Unidad Casco de Santo Tomas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Escuela Superior de Medicina, Ciudad de Mexico 11340, Mexico; (J.P.-R.); (J.A.M.-G.)
| | - Jacqueline Portillo-Reyes
- Unidad Casco de Santo Tomas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Escuela Superior de Medicina, Ciudad de Mexico 11340, Mexico; (J.P.-R.); (J.A.M.-G.)
| | - José A. Morales-González
- Unidad Casco de Santo Tomas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Escuela Superior de Medicina, Ciudad de Mexico 11340, Mexico; (J.P.-R.); (J.A.M.-G.)
| | - Luis F. Garcia-Melo
- Laboratorio de Nanotecnología e Ingeniería Molecular, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa, Ciudad de Mexico 09340, Mexico;
| | - Estrella Serra-Pérez
- Chemical Engineering and Materials Department, Faculty of Chemistry, Complutense University, 28040 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Kristijan Vidović
- National Institute of Chemistry, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Hajdrihova 19, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia;
| | - Manuel Sánchez-Gutiérrez
- Instituto de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Pachuca de Soto 42080, Mexico;
| | - Isela Álvarez-González
- Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Unidad Profesional A. López Mateos, Ciudad de Mexico 07738, Mexico; (I.Á.-G.); (E.M.-B.)
| | - Eduardo Madrigal-Bujaidar
- Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Unidad Profesional A. López Mateos, Ciudad de Mexico 07738, Mexico; (I.Á.-G.); (E.M.-B.)
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Ozuzu SA, Hussain RSA, Kuchkarova N, Fidelis GD, Zhou S, Habumugisha T, Shao H. Buffalo-bur (S olanum rostratum Dunal) invasiveness, bioactivities, and utilization: a review. PeerJ 2024; 12:e17112. [PMID: 38560474 PMCID: PMC10981417 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.17112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Solanum rostratum Dunal, belongs to the Solanaceae family and has drawn attention for its intricate interplay of invasiveness, phytochemical composition, and potential bioactivities. Notably invasive, S. rostratum employs adaptive mechanisms during senescence, featuring thorn formation on leaves, fruits, and stems seed self-propulsion, and resistance to drought. This adaptability has led to its proliferation in countries such as China, Canada, and Australia, extending beyond its Mexican origin. Despite its invasive historical reputation, recent studies unveil a rich array of phytochemicals in S. rostratum, suggesting untapped economic potential due to under-exploration. This review delves into exploring the potential uses of S. rostratum while elucidating the bioactive compounds associated with diverse identified bioactivities. In terms of phytochemistry, S. rostratum reveals an abundance of various bioactive compounds, including alkaloids, flavonoids, phenols, saponins, and glycosides. These compounds confer a range of beneficial bioactivities, encompassing antioxidant, antifungal, anticarcinogenic, anti-inflammatory, phytotoxic, and pesticidal properties. This positions S. rostratum as a reservoir of valuable chemical constituents with potential applications, particularly in medicine and agriculture. The review provides comprehensive insights into the phytochemistry, bioactivities, and bioactivity-guided fractionation of S. rostratum. In this review, we focus on the potential utilization of S. rostratum by emphasizing its phytochemical profile, which holds promise for diverse applications. This review is the first that advocates for further exploration and research to unlock the plant's full potential for both economic and environmental benefit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Amarachi Ozuzu
- State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Rizvi Syed Arif Hussain
- State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Nigora Kuchkarova
- State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | | | - Shixing Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | | | - Hua Shao
- State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Research Center for Ecology and Environment of Central Asia, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, China
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Ángeles-López GE, Hernández-Ruíz A, González-Trujano ME, Cristians S, Ovalle-Magallanes B, Ventura-Martínez R. Pharmacological disadvantages in the spasmolytic effects by using the mixture known as "three toronjiles" in folk medicine. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 318:116978. [PMID: 37524233 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.116978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY RELEVANCE In Mexico, Agastache mexicana subsp. mexicana (PT) and subsp. xolocotziana (WT), and Dracocephalum moldavica (BT), are used together as the "three toronjiles" to treat gastrointestinal spasms. AIM OF STUDY To evaluate if the spasmolytic activity of these three medicinal species is better in combination or in an individual manner. MATERIALS AND METHODS Spasmolytic effect of PT, WT and BT alone or combinate were evaluated in rings of the guinea-pig ileum contracted with potassium chloride (KCl), electrical field stimulation (EFS), or acetylcholine (ACh). Chemical analysis by thin layer and ultra-high pressure liquid chromatography of the aqueous extracts of each species were done for their comparison, and their acute toxicity were determined in mice. RESULTS PT and WT diminished in a dose-dependent manner the contractions induced by KCl, EFS, and ACh. Whereas BT did not altered contractions in any experimental protocol. A combination of the PT (EC50) and WT (EC50) diminished the contractions induced by KCl or EFS. Interestingly, the addition of BT extract (10 μg/ml) to the combination (PT EC30 + WT EC30) blocked the inhibitory effect produced on the contracted tissue in the presence of KCl, EFS, or ACh. Moreover, addition of BT extract (100 μg/ml) to the same combination blocked the inhibitory effect on the pre-contracted tissue only in the presence of EFS. None of the aqueous extracts produced toxicity in its individual administration in mice. Chemical analysis demonstrated similarities between PT and WT, but differences with BT. CONCLUSIONS The results of this study confirmed that either combined or by themselves aqueous extracts of PT and WT produced a spasmolytic action on guinea pig ileum, suggesting that this combination of medicinal plants could relieve gastrointestinal diseases in human, but when BT aqueous extract is added to those obtained with PT and WT, the spasmolytic activity diminished or even was blocked. Our results give evidence that mixture of several plants might produce disadvantages in the medicinal properties of their individual activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guadalupe E Ángeles-López
- Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico.
| | - Angélica Hernández-Ruíz
- Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico.
| | - Ma Eva González-Trujano
- Laboratorio de Neurofarmacología de Productos Naturales, Dirección de Investigaciones en Neurociencias, Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría, "Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz", Mexico City, Mexico.
| | - Sol Cristians
- Laboratorio de Etnobotánica, Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico.
| | - Berenice Ovalle-Magallanes
- Departamento de Farmacia, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico.
| | - Rosa Ventura-Martínez
- Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico.
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Zhan M, Ma M, Mo X, Zhang Y, Li T, Yang Y, Dong L. Dracocephalum moldavica L.: An updated comprehensive review of its botany, traditional uses, phytochemistry, pharmacology, and application aspects. Fitoterapia 2024; 172:105732. [PMID: 37952760 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2023.105732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2023] [Revised: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
Dracocephalum moldavica, known as Xiang-qing-lan (in Chinese), is a traditional folk medicine, which was commonly used by Mongolian and Xinjiang Uyghurs area. Dracocephalum moldavica has the effects of purging liver fire, clearing stomach heat, hemostasis. It is used for treating insufficient heart and blood, weakened brain function, weak feeling and spirit disease etc. This review aimed to summarize the botany, traditional uses, phytochemistry, pharmacology and application of Dracocephalum moldavica, which expected to provide theoretical support for future utilization and highlight the further investigation of this vital plant. In addition to the essential oil, approximately 154 compounds have been isolated and identified from aerial parts of the Dracocephalum moldavica, including flavonoids, terpenoids, lignans, phenylpropanoids, phenols, glycosides, polysaccharide and other compounds. Extensive pharmacological activities of the extracts or compounds of Dracocephalum moldavica in vivo and in vitro were confirmed including cardiovascular protection, antioxidative, antimicrobial, antifungal, anti-complementary and chronic mountain sickness. Moreover, Dracocephalum moldavica is used in a wide range of applications in food, biological pesticides and cosmetics. In the future, Dracocephalum moldavica needs further study, such as paying more attention to quality control, toxicity, pharmacological mechanism and pharmacokinetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Zhan
- School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
| | - Miao Ma
- School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
| | - Xiyan Mo
- School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
| | - Yuanyuan Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
| | - Tingting Li
- Key Laboratory of Hui Ethnic Medicine Modernization, Ministry of Education (Ningxia Medical University), Yinchuan 750004, China
| | - Yong Yang
- Ningxia Key Laboratory of Cerebrocranial Disease, Incubation Base of National Key Laboratory, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
| | - Lin Dong
- School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China; Ningxia Collaborative Innovation Center of Regional Characteristic Traditional Chinese Medicine, Yinchuan 750004, China; Key Laboratory of Hui Ethnic Medicine Modernization, Ministry of Education (Ningxia Medical University), Yinchuan 750004, China.
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Escobar-Ramírez JL, Santiago-Mejía J, Soto-Núñez M, Barrera-Vázquez OS, Vargas-Querea R, Magos-Guerrero GA. The Hypotensive and Vasodilatory Effects Observed in Rats Exposed to Chiranthodendron pentadactylon Larreat Flowers Can Be Attributed to Cyanidin 3- O-Glucoside. Molecules 2023; 28:7698. [PMID: 38067429 PMCID: PMC10707424 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28237698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Revised: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Chiranthodendron pentadactylon Larreat is a tree native to southeastern Mexico and Guatemala. Its flower is used in Mexican folk medicine to treat a variety of diseases, including conditions of blood pressure. However, scientific information on its usefulness in this pathology is lacking. The present study evaluates the effect of a methanolic extract (ME) from the flower and its active constituents on heart rate (HR) and mean arterial pressure (MAP) in anesthetized rats (MAPHR). The study also analyzed the effects on rat-isolated aortic rings (RIAR) and the rat mesenteric arterial bed (MABR). Active fractions were chromatographed, which led to the isolation of cyanidin 3-O-glucoside (C3G) identified through HPLC. The Chiranthodendron pentadactylon flowers produced hypotensive and vasorelaxant effects associated with C3G. The vasorelaxant effect is a mechanism underlying the synthesis and release of nitric oxide (NO). Neither cholinergic receptors nor prostaglandins are involved. ME and C3G cause cardiovascular depression in anesthetized rats via cholinergic and prostanoid mechanisms. Our research expands the scientific understanding of the flowers on the rat cardiovascular system. This amplifies the appreciation of the flower's ethnomedicine employed to control blood pressure. However, researchers need to conduct toxicity studies to determine the safety of this plant.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Gil Alfonso Magos-Guerrero
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University National Autonomous of Mexico, Mexico City 04510, Mexico; (J.L.E.-R.); (J.S.-M.); (M.S.-N.); (O.S.B.-V.); (R.V.-Q.)
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6
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Santiago-Balmaseda E, Segura-Cobos D, Garín-Aguilar ME, San Miguel-Chávez R, Cristóbal-Luna JM, Madrigal-Santillán E, Gutierrez-Rebolledo GA, Chamorro-Cevallos GA, Pérez-Pastén-Borja R. Chiranthodendron pentadactylon Larreat ( Sterculiaceae), a Potential Nephroprotector against Oxidative Damage Provoked by STZ-Induced Hyperglycemia in Rats. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:3572. [PMID: 37896035 PMCID: PMC10610294 DOI: 10.3390/plants12203572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chiranthodendron pentadactylon, known in Mexico as the "tree of the little hands", flower's infusion is used to treat kidney failure associated with diseases such as diabetes. The aim of this work is to evaluate the antioxidant effect of the methanolic extract of its flowers on oxidative damage in kidneys caused by streptozotocin in rats. METHODS The extract phytochemical profile was performed with HPLC. Antioxidant potential in vitro was determined with DPPH and total phenolic tests; antioxidant evaluation in vivo was performed in diabetic rats administered daily via the intragastric route (100 and 200 mg/kg) for 6 weeks; serum glucose/creatinine, food/water consumption, and urinary volume were measured. Relative weight, protein/DNA ratios and oxidative stress were measured in renal tissue. RESULTS The extract showed 20.53% of total phenolic content and IC50 of 18.05 µg/mL in DPPH, and this was associated with ferulic acid, phloretin and α-amyrin. Both doses showed a moderate decrease in the protein/DNA ratio in renal tissue, and the same behavior was observed for total urinary protein loss and serum creatinine, while the best antioxidant effect was exerted by a lower dose, which increased catalase activity and decreased lipid peroxidation in the kidneys. CONCLUSIONS Results demonstrated that C. pentadactylon methanolic flower's extract improves renal function through antioxidant mechanisms during experimental diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eira Santiago-Balmaseda
- Laboratorio de Toxicología Molecular, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biologicas, Campus Unidad Profesional Adolfo Lopez Mateos, Instituto Politecnico Nacional, Ave. Wilfrido Massieu w/n and Closed Street Manuel Stampa, Col. Industrial Vallejo, Mexico City 07700, Mexico;
- Laboratorio de Amibas Anfizoicas, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de México. Ave. Barrios 1, Col. Reyes Iztacala, Tlalnepantla de Baz 54090, Mexico;
| | - David Segura-Cobos
- Laboratorio de Amibas Anfizoicas, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de México. Ave. Barrios 1, Col. Reyes Iztacala, Tlalnepantla de Baz 54090, Mexico;
| | - María Eugenia Garín-Aguilar
- Laboratorio de Farmacobiología, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de México. Ave. Barrios 1, Col. Reyes Iztacala, Tlalnepantla de Baz 54090, Mexico;
| | - Rubén San Miguel-Chávez
- Posgrado en Botanica, Campus Montecillo, Colegio de Postgraduados, Mexico-Texcoco Highway Km 35.6, Texcoco Estado de México 56230, Mexico;
| | - José Melesio Cristóbal-Luna
- Laboratorio de Toxicologia de la Reproduccion, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biologicas, Campus Unidad Profesional Adolfo Lopez Mateos, Instituto Politecnico Nacional, Ave. Wilfrido Massieu w/n and Closed Street Manuel Stampa, Col. Industrial Vallejo, Mexico City 07700, Mexico;
| | - Eduardo Madrigal-Santillán
- Laboratorio de Medicina de Conservación, Escuela Superior de Medicina, Campus Unidad Profesional Casco de Santo Tomas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ave. Salvador Díaz Mirón w/n and Closed Street Plan de San Luis, Col. Miguel Hidalgo, Mexico City 11340, Mexico;
| | - Gabriel Alfonso Gutierrez-Rebolledo
- Laboratorio de Toxicología Molecular, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biologicas, Campus Unidad Profesional Adolfo Lopez Mateos, Instituto Politecnico Nacional, Ave. Wilfrido Massieu w/n and Closed Street Manuel Stampa, Col. Industrial Vallejo, Mexico City 07700, Mexico;
- Laboratorio de Toxicologia de la Reproduccion, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biologicas, Campus Unidad Profesional Adolfo Lopez Mateos, Instituto Politecnico Nacional, Ave. Wilfrido Massieu w/n and Closed Street Manuel Stampa, Col. Industrial Vallejo, Mexico City 07700, Mexico;
| | - Germán Alberto Chamorro-Cevallos
- Laboratorio de Toxicologia de la Reproduccion, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biologicas, Campus Unidad Profesional Adolfo Lopez Mateos, Instituto Politecnico Nacional, Ave. Wilfrido Massieu w/n and Closed Street Manuel Stampa, Col. Industrial Vallejo, Mexico City 07700, Mexico;
| | - Ricardo Pérez-Pastén-Borja
- Laboratorio de Toxicología Molecular, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biologicas, Campus Unidad Profesional Adolfo Lopez Mateos, Instituto Politecnico Nacional, Ave. Wilfrido Massieu w/n and Closed Street Manuel Stampa, Col. Industrial Vallejo, Mexico City 07700, Mexico;
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Ochoa-Cruz Z, Molina-Torres J, Angoa-Pérez MV, Cárdenas-Valdovinos JG, García-Ruiz I, Ceja-Díaz JA, Bernal-Gallardo JO, Mena-Violante HG. Phytochemical Analysis and Biological Activities of Ripe Fruits of Mistletoe ( Psittacanthus calyculatus). PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:2292. [PMID: 37375917 DOI: 10.3390/plants12122292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2023] [Revised: 05/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
Psittacanthus calyculatus is a hemiparasitic plant of an arboreal species (e.g., forest, fruit trees). Its foliage has therapeutic potential; however, little is known about its fruits. In this study, the phytochemical profile and biological activities of P. calyculatus fruits hosted by Prosopis laevigata and Quercus deserticola were evaluated. The fruits of P. calyculatus from P. laevigata showed the highest content of total phenols (71.396 ± 0.676 mg GAE/g DW). The highest content of flavonoids and anthocyanins was presented in those from Q. deserticola (14.232 ± 0.772 mg QE/g DW; 2.431 ± 0.020 mg C3GE/g DW). The anthocyanin cyanidin-3-glucoside was detected and quantified via high-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) (306.682 ± 11.804 mg C3GE/g DW). Acidified extracts from host P. laevigata showed the highest antioxidant activity via ABTS•+ (2,2'azinobis-(3-ethylbenzothiazdin-6-sulfonic acid) (214.810 ± 0.0802 mg TE/g DW). Fruit extracts with absolute ethanol from the P. laevigata host showed the highest antihypertensive activity (92 ± 3.054% inhibition of an angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE)). Fruit extracts from both hosts showed a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 6.25 mg/mL and a minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of 12.5 mg/mL against Escherichia coli, Salmonella choleraesuis and Shigella flexneri. Interestingly, a significant host effect was found. P. calyculatus fruits extract could be used therapeutically. However, further confirmation experiments should be carried out.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zaida Ochoa-Cruz
- Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Departament of Reserch, CIIDIR IPN Unidad Michoacán, Jiquilpan 59510, Mexico
| | - Jorge Molina-Torres
- Laboratory of Phytobiochemistry, Departament of Biotechnology and Biochemistry, CINVESTAV IPN Unidad Irapuato, Irapuato 36821, Mexico
| | - María V Angoa-Pérez
- Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Departament of Reserch, CIIDIR IPN Unidad Michoacán, Jiquilpan 59510, Mexico
| | | | - Ignacio García-Ruiz
- Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Departament of Reserch, CIIDIR IPN Unidad Michoacán, Jiquilpan 59510, Mexico
| | - José A Ceja-Díaz
- Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Departament of Reserch, CIIDIR IPN Unidad Michoacán, Jiquilpan 59510, Mexico
| | - José O Bernal-Gallardo
- Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Departament of Reserch, CIIDIR IPN Unidad Michoacán, Jiquilpan 59510, Mexico
| | - Hortencia G Mena-Violante
- Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Departament of Reserch, CIIDIR IPN Unidad Michoacán, Jiquilpan 59510, Mexico
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Bhuia MS, Wilairatana P, Chowdhury R, Rakib AI, Kamli H, Shaikh A, Coutinho HDM, Islam MT. Anticancer Potentials of the Lignan Magnolin: A Systematic Review. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28093671. [PMID: 37175081 PMCID: PMC10180476 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28093671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Revised: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Magnolin is a naturally occurring, multi-bioactive lignan molecule with inherent anticancer effects. This study aims to summarize the botanical origins and anticancer properties of magnolin. For this, a recent (as of March 2023) literature review was conducted using various academic search engines, including PubMed, Springer Link, Wiley Online, Web of Science, Science Direct, and Google Scholar. All the currently available information about this phytochemical and its role in various cancer types has been gathered and investigated. Magnolin is a compound found in many different plants. It has been demonstrated to have anticancer activity in numerous experimental models by inhibiting the cell cycle (G1 and G2/M phase); inducing apoptosis; and causing antiinvasion, antimetastasis, and antiproliferative effects via the modulation of several pathways. In conclusion, magnolin showed robust anticancer activity against many cancer cell lines by altering several cancer signaling pathways in various non- and pre-clinical experimental models, making it a promising plant-derived chemotherapeutic option for further clinical research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Shimul Bhuia
- Department of Pharmacy, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science and Technology University, Gopalganj 8100, Bangladesh
| | - Polrat Wilairatana
- Department of Clinical Tropical Medicine, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Raihan Chowdhury
- Department of Pharmacy, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science and Technology University, Gopalganj 8100, Bangladesh
| | - Asraful Islam Rakib
- Department of Pharmacy, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science and Technology University, Gopalganj 8100, Bangladesh
| | - Hossam Kamli
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmad Shaikh
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia
| | - Henrique D M Coutinho
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Regional University of Cariri, Crato 63105-000, CE, Brazil
| | - Muhammad Torequl Islam
- Department of Pharmacy, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science and Technology University, Gopalganj 8100, Bangladesh
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Froldi G. The Use of Medicinal Plants in Blood Vessel Diseases: The Influence of Gender. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:life13040866. [PMID: 37109395 PMCID: PMC10147070 DOI: 10.3390/life13040866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Revised: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Data available in the literature on the use of herbal products to treat inflammation-related vascular diseases were considered in this study, while also assessing the influence of gender. To this end, the articles published in PubMed over the past 10 years that described the use of plant extracts in randomized clinical trials studying the effectiveness in vascular pathologies were analyzed. The difference in efficacy of plant-derived preparations in female and male subjects was always considered when reporting. The safety profiles of the selected plants were described, reporting unwanted effects in humans and also by searching the WHO database (VigiBase®). The medicinal plants considered were Allium sativum, Campomanesia xanthocarpa, Sechium edule, Terminalia chebula. Additionally, an innovative type of preparation consisting of plant-derived nanovesicles was also reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guglielmina Froldi
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy
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Vasorelaxant Effect of Trachelospermi caulis Extract on Rat Mesenteric Resistance Arteries. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27165300. [PMID: 36014534 PMCID: PMC9413539 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27165300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Revised: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Background: Trachelospermi caulis (T. caulis) has been used as a traditional herbal medicine in Asian countries. Although it is well known that T. caulis has beneficial effects, no sufficient research data are available on the cardiovascular effect of T. caulis. We investigated whether T. caulis extract has vascular effects in rat resistance arteries in this study. Methods: To examine whether T. caulis extract affects vascular reactivity, we measured isometric tension of rat mesenteric resistance arteries using a multi-wire myograph system. T. caulis extract was administered after arteries were pre-contracted with high K+ (70 mM) or phenylephrine (5 µM). Vanillin, a single active component of T. caulis, was used to treat mesenteric arteries. Results: T. caulis extract caused vascular relaxation in a concentration-dependent manner, which was endothelium-independent. To further identify the mechanism, we incubated the arteries in Ca2+-free solution containing high K+, followed by a cumulative administration of CaCl2 (0.01–2.0 mM) with or without T. caulis extract (250 µg/mL). The treatment of T. caulis extract decreased contractile responses induced by the addition of Ca2+, which suggested that the extracellular Ca2+ influx was inhibited by the T. caulis extract. Moreover, an active compound of T. caulis extract, vanillin, also induced vasodilation in mesenteric resistance arteries. Conclusion: T. caulis extract and its active compound, vanillin, concentration-dependently induced vascular relaxation in mesenteric resistance arteries. These results suggest that the administration of T. caulis extract could help decrease blood pressure.
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Phytotoxic activity of Moldavian dragonhead (Dracocephalum moldavica L.) essential oil and its possible use as bio-herbicide. Process Biochem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2022.01.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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12
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Development of a quantified herbal extract of hawthorn Crataegus mexicana leaves with vasodilator effect. Saudi Pharm J 2021; 29:1258-1266. [PMID: 34819787 PMCID: PMC8596289 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsps.2021.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Hawthorn (Crataegus spp.) has been used for the treatment of several heart diseases and hypertension. The studies carried out on several hawthorn species have led to the development of standardized extracts useful in the cure of mild chronic cardiac diseases. In Mexico, the most common Crataegus species are C. mexicana and C. gracilior. Decoctions prepared from the fruits and leaves of these species have been employed to the treat respiratory diseases, tachycardia and to improve coronary blood flow. Considering that to date there are no reports of the use of Mexican Crataegus species to treat cardiovascular diseases, we propose an analytical method to obtain a quantified extract of Crataegus mexicana leaves for the development of a standardized extract with therapeutic value in cardiovascular diseases as an alternative source to the extracts obtained from Crataegus species of European and Asian origin. Therefore, the aim of this study was to obtain an extract prepared from C. mexicana leaves with the highest vasodilator activity to select the optimal chemical marker to stablish and validate a reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RPHPLC-DAD) analytical method for obtaining a quantified extract with vasodilator effect. The results obtained from the analytical method validation, which was carried out according to the guidelines stablished in the Eurachem Guide and the ICH guidelines proved that the RPHPLC-DAD method we developed was specific, precise, accurate, and showed good linearity over the concentration range of 3 – 21 µg/ml for (-)-epicatechin and rutin, which were selected as chemical markers.
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Valencia-Guzmán CJ, Castro-Ruiz JE, García-Gasca T, Rojas-Molina A, Romo-Mancillas A, Luna-Vázquez FJ, Rojas-Molina JI, Ibarra-Alvarado C. Endothelial TRP channels and cannabinoid receptors are involved in affinin-induced vasodilation. Fitoterapia 2021; 153:104985. [PMID: 34237389 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2021.104985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2021] [Revised: 06/24/2021] [Accepted: 06/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Affinin is mainly recognized by its antinociceptive effect. Recently, our research group demonstrated that this compound produces vasodilation via activation of the gasotransmitters signaling pathways. However, the molecular targets of affinin were not identified. Considering the structural similarity of this alkamide with anandamide, we hypothesized that affinin-induced vasodilation could involve participation of TRP channels and cannabinoid receptors. In this work, by using the isolated rat aorta assay, we assessed involvement of TRP channels, the cannabinoid system, and the HNO-CGRP-TRPA1 pathway on the mechanism of action of affinin. Additionally, we measured NO and H2S levels elicited by affinin on rat aorta homogenates and carried out computer simulations of molecular interactions between affinin and the TRPA1 and TRPV1 channels and the CB1 receptor. Our results indicated that affinin induces an increase in aortic NO and H2S levels. We found evidence that the vasodilator effect induced by affinin involves activation of TRPA1 and TRPV1 channels and the CB1 and eCB receptors. In silico analyses showed that affinin is able to bind with high affinity to these molecular targets. Moreover, we also proved that affinin-induced vasodilation is partly mediated via activation of the HNO-TRPA1-CGRP pathway. Based on these results we propose a novel mechanism of action to explain the vasodilatory effect of affinin, which could be developed as an alternative drug to treat cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian J Valencia-Guzmán
- Posgrado en Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Facultad de Química, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, Cerro de las Campanas S/N, Querétaro 76010, Mexico; Laboratorio de Investigación Química y Farmacológica de Productos Naturales, Facultad de Química, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, Centro Universitario, Querétaro 76010, Mexico.
| | - Jesús E Castro-Ruiz
- Laboratorio de Biología Celular y Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, Campus Juriquilla, Querétaro 76230, Mexico.
| | - Teresa García-Gasca
- Laboratorio de Biología Celular y Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, Campus Juriquilla, Querétaro 76230, Mexico.
| | - Alejandra Rojas-Molina
- Laboratorio de Investigación Química y Farmacológica de Productos Naturales, Facultad de Química, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, Centro Universitario, Querétaro 76010, Mexico.
| | - Antonio Romo-Mancillas
- Laboratorio de Diseño Asistido por Computadora y Síntesis de Fármacos, Facultad de Química, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, Centro Universitario, Querétaro 76010, Mexico.
| | - Francisco J Luna-Vázquez
- Laboratorio de Investigación Química y Farmacológica de Productos Naturales, Facultad de Química, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, Centro Universitario, Querétaro 76010, Mexico
| | - Juana I Rojas-Molina
- Laboratorio de Investigación Química y Farmacológica de Productos Naturales, Facultad de Química, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, Centro Universitario, Querétaro 76010, Mexico
| | - César Ibarra-Alvarado
- Laboratorio de Investigación Química y Farmacológica de Productos Naturales, Facultad de Química, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, Centro Universitario, Querétaro 76010, Mexico.
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A Systematic Approach to Agastache mexicana Research: Biology, Agronomy, Phytochemistry, and Bioactivity. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26123751. [PMID: 34202929 PMCID: PMC8234942 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26123751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2021] [Revised: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Mexico is the center of origin of the species popularly known as toronjil or lemon balm (Agastache mexicana Linton & Epling). Two subspecies have been identified and are commonly called purple or red (Agastache mexicana Linton & Epling subspecies. mexicana) and white (Agastache mexicana subspecies xolocotziana Bye, E.L. Linares & Ramamoorthy). Plants from these subspecies differ in the size and form of inflorescence and leaves. They also possess differences in their chemical compositions, including volatile compounds. Traditional Mexican medicine employs both subspecies. A. mexicana exhibits a broad range of pharmacological properties, such as anti-inflammatory, anxiolytic, and antioxidant. A systematic vision of these plant’s properties is discussed in this review, exposing its significant potential as a source of valuable bioactive compounds. Furthermore, this review provides an understanding of the elements that make up the species’ holistic system to benefit from lemon balm sustainably.
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15
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Quintal Martínez JP, Segura Campos MR. Cnidoscolus Aconitifolius (Mill.) I.M. Johnst.: A Food Proposal Against Thromboembolic Diseases. FOOD REVIEWS INTERNATIONAL 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/87559129.2021.1934002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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16
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Méndez-Flores OG, Ochoa-Díaz López H, Castro-Quezada I, Olivo-Vidal ZE, García-Miranda R, Rodríguez-Robles U, Irecta-Nájera CA, López-Ramírez G, Sánchez-Chino XM. The Milpa as A Supplier of Bioactive Compounds: A Review. FOOD REVIEWS INTERNATIONAL 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/87559129.2021.1934001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- OG Méndez-Flores
- Cátedra-CONACyT, Health Department, El Colegio De La Frontera Sur, San Cristóbal De Las Casas, Chiapas, México
| | - H Ochoa-Díaz López
- Health Department, El Colegio De La Frontera Sur, San Cristóbal De Las Casas, Chiapas, México
| | - I Castro-Quezada
- Health Department, El Colegio De La Frontera Sur, San Cristóbal De Las Casas, Chiapas, México
| | - ZE Olivo-Vidal
- Health Department, El Colegio De La Frontera Sur, Villahermosa, Tabasco, México
| | - R García-Miranda
- Health Department, El Colegio De La Frontera Sur, San Cristóbal De Las Casas, Chiapas, México
- Escuela De Lenguas-Campus III San Cristóbal, Universidad Autónoma De Chiapas, San Cristóbal De Las Casas, Chiapas, México
| | - U Rodríguez-Robles
- Departamento De Ecología Y Recursos Naturales. Centro Universitario De La Costa Sur. Universidad De Guadalajara, Autlán De Navarro, Jalisco, México
- Cátedra-CONACyT, Health Department, El Colegio De La Frontera Sur, Unidad Villahermosa, Villahermosa, Tabasco, México
| | - CA Irecta-Nájera
- Health Department, El Colegio De La Frontera Sur, Villahermosa, Tabasco, México
| | - G López-Ramírez
- Departamento De Fisiología, Biofísica Y Neurociencias, Centro De Investigación Y De Estudios Avanzados Del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad De México, México
| | - XM Sánchez-Chino
- Cátedra-CONACyT, Health Department, El Colegio De La Frontera Sur, Unidad Villahermosa, Villahermosa, Tabasco, México
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Quiñonez-Bastidas GN, Navarrete A. Mexican Plants and Derivates Compounds as Alternative for Inflammatory and Neuropathic Pain Treatment-A Review. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 10:plants10050865. [PMID: 33923101 PMCID: PMC8145628 DOI: 10.3390/plants10050865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2021] [Revised: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Despite the availability of many anti-pain drugs, in the form of NSAIDs, steroids, gabapentinoids, opioids, and antidepressants, in this study we address the natural compounds belonging to the group of Mexican medicinal plants or "Mexican folk medicine", used for pain management in Mexico. Our interest in this subject is due to the growing idea that "natural is harmless" and to the large number of side effects exhibited in pharmacotherapy. The objective of this review was to document the scientific evidence about Mexican medicinal plants and their derivatives used for inflammatory and neuropathic pain treatment, as well as the mechanisms of action implicated in their antinociceptive effects, their possible adverse effects, and the main pharmacological aspects of each plant or compound. Our data review suggested that most studies on Mexican medicinal plants have used inflammatory experimental models for testing. The anti-pain properties exerted by medicinal plants lack adverse effects, and their toxicological assays report that they are safe to consume; therefore, more studies should be performed on preclinical neuropathic pain models. Moreover, there is no convincing evidence about the possible mechanisms of action involved in the anti-pain properties exerted by Mexican plants. Therefore, the isolation and pharmacological characterization of these plant derivatives' compounds will be important in the design of future preclinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Andrés Navarrete
- Correspondence: (G.N.Q.-B.); (A.N.); Tel.: +52-5556225291 (A.N.)
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Khushboo, Kumar A, Sharma B. Biomedical Implications of Plant-Based Principles as Antidepressants: Prospects for Novel Drug Development. Mini Rev Med Chem 2021; 22:904-926. [PMID: 33858313 DOI: 10.2174/1389557521666210415112601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2020] [Revised: 12/30/2020] [Accepted: 02/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Depression is a most common mental disorder. The symptoms of depression include loss of energy, changes in appetite, more or less sleep, anxiety, low concentration, uncertainty, restlessness, feelings of worthlessness, guilt, or despair, and thoughts of self-harm or suicide. In order to provide safe, efficient and cost-effective medication, the plants based principles in isolation or in combination with traditional antidepressants are attracting increasing attention for depression therapy. METHOD The information regarding the present review and its contents such as collected from published literature materials in different international journals. We have used different search engines such as PubMed, Medline, ResearchGate Google Semantic Scholar and ScienceDirect. For this purpose, the data obtained were properly organized and suitably analyzed to include in this article. RESULTS Most of the phytomolecules isolated from the medicinal plants display antidepressant effect through the synaptic regulation of levels of neurotransmitters such as dopamine, serotonin, and noradrenaline in different parts of the brain. The mechanism of action of phytomolecules also involves negative regulation of the activities of monoamine oxidase (MAO) and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and prevention of hyperactivity of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis. In addition, the strong antioxidative and antiinflamatory potential of these phytochemicals offer synergy to their antidepressant as well as antipsychosomatic functions. CONCLUSION The application of phytochemicals has proved it to be a safe, cost effective and efficient therapeutic agent to treat the patients suffering from mild to severe state of depression and other psychiatric disorders. The potential phytochemicals may be further optimized using in silico tools to develop better antidepressants and antisychotic agents in future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khushboo
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Allahabad. India
| | - Abhishek Kumar
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Allahabad. India
| | - Bechan Sharma
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Allahabad. India
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Menetrier JV, Bonkoski VR, Medeiros KA, Estevan DA, Palozi RAC, Lívero FADR, Velasquez LG, Lourenço ELB, Gasparotto Junior A. Ethnomedicinal Plants Used for the Treatment of Cardiovascular Diseases by Healers in the Southwestern State of Paraná, Brazil, and Their Validation Based on Scientific Pharmacological Data. JOURNAL OF RELIGION AND HEALTH 2020; 59:3004-3036. [PMID: 31832897 DOI: 10.1007/s10943-019-00960-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases are responsible for high morbidity and mortality rates worldwide. Among treatment options, medicinal plants are frequently used, especially in developing countries, such as Brazil. Despite social development that has been observed in the last decades, the use of medicinal plants is still driven by popular knowledge, especially by healers. The present study sought to identify medicinal species that are used for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases by healers in the microregion of Francisco Beltrão, Paraná, Brazil. The snowball technique was used to select informants, and data were collected through interviews. The research was performed in two stages: (1) a structured interview and (2) the collection and botanical identification of the species that were mentioned by the healers. Medicinal plants were classified into the following categories of cardiovascular agents: hypotensive and antihypertensive agents, lipid-lowering agents, diuretic agents, and cardiotonic agents. To analyze the data, the frequency was determined, Spearman correlations were calculated, and the informant consensus factor (ICF) and use value were obtained. Some characteristics, such as female gender and old age, were associated with knowledge about medicinal plants. Overall, 77 different species and 149 medicinal uses were cited by the healers. With regard to categories of use, the highest number of species was found among lipid-lowering plants, and the highest ICF was found for species that are used as cardiotonics. Moreover, a literature review indicated that among the cited species, several still lack studies that have proven their effects on the cardiovascular system. The traditional use of medicinal plants for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases is broad in the study regions. The present results are important for clarifying popular knowledge in this region and providing a framework for selecting species with potential for the development of new pharmacological studies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Rhanany Alan Calloi Palozi
- Laboratório de Eletrofisiologia e Farmacologia Cardiovascular - LEFaC, Faculdade de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal da Grande Dourados, Rodovia Dourados-Itahum, km 12, P.O. Box 533, Dourados, Mato Grosso do Sul, 79.804-970, Brazil
| | | | | | - Emerson Luiz Botelho Lourenço
- Laboratório de Pesquisa Pré-Clínica de Produtos Naturais e Bioativos, Universidade Paranaense, Umuarama, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Arquimedes Gasparotto Junior
- Laboratório de Eletrofisiologia e Farmacologia Cardiovascular - LEFaC, Faculdade de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal da Grande Dourados, Rodovia Dourados-Itahum, km 12, P.O. Box 533, Dourados, Mato Grosso do Sul, 79.804-970, Brazil.
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Morshedloo MR, Amani Machiani M, Mohammadi A, Maggi F, Aghdam MS, Mumivand H, Javanmard A. Comparison of drying methods for the extraction of essential oil from dragonhead (Dracocephalum moldavica L., Lamiaceae). JOURNAL OF ESSENTIAL OIL RESEARCH 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/10412905.2020.1848652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Reza Morshedloo
- Department of Horticultural Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Maragheh, Maragheh, Iran
| | - Mostafa Amani Machiani
- Department of Plant Production and Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Maragheh, Maragheh, Iran
| | - Asghar Mohammadi
- Department of Horticultural Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Maragheh, Maragheh, Iran
| | - Filippo Maggi
- School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, Camerino, Italy
| | | | - Hasan Mumivand
- Department of Horticultural Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Lorestan University, Korramabad, Iran
| | - Abdollah Javanmard
- Department of Plant Production and Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Maragheh, Maragheh, Iran
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Mateos-Maces L, Chávez-Servia JL, Vera-Guzmán AM, Aquino-Bolaños EN, Alba-Jiménez JE, Villagómez-González BB. Edible Leafy Plants from Mexico as Sources of Antioxidant Compounds, and Their Nutritional, Nutraceutical and Antimicrobial Potential: A Review. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:E541. [PMID: 32575671 PMCID: PMC7346153 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9060541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Revised: 06/12/2020] [Accepted: 06/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
A review of indigenous Mexican plants with edible stems and leaves and their nutritional and nutraceutical potential was conducted, complemented by the authors' experiences. In Mexico, more than 250 species with edible stems, leaves, vines and flowers, known as "quelites," are collected or are cultivated and consumed. The assessment of the quelite composition depends on the chemical characteristics of the compounds being evaluated; the protein quality is a direct function of the amino acid content, which is evaluated by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), and the contribution of minerals is evaluated by atomic absorption spectrometry, inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES) or ICP mass spectrometry. The total contents of phenols, flavonoids, carotenoids, saponins and other general compounds have been analyzed using UV-vis spectrophotometry and by HPLC. For the determination of specific compounds such as phenolic compounds, flavonoids, organic acids and other profiles, it is recommended to use HPLC-DAD, UHPLC-DAD, UFLC-PDA or gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The current biochemical analysis and biological evaluations were performed to understand the mechanisms of action that lead to decreased glucose levels and lipid peroxidation, increased hypoglycemic and antitumor activity, immune system improvement, increased antibacterial and antifungal activity and, in some cases, anti-Helicobacter pylori activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lourdes Mateos-Maces
- Recursos Genéticos y Productividad-Genética, Colegio de Posgraduados, Carr. México-Texcoco Km. 36.5, Montecillo, Texcoco 56230, Mexico;
| | - José Luis Chávez-Servia
- CIIDIR-Oaxaca, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad de México 07738, Mexico; (A.M.V.-G.); (B.B.V.-G.)
| | | | - Elia Nora Aquino-Bolaños
- Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo de Alimentos, Universidad Veracruzana, Xalapa-Enríquez 1090, Mexico;
| | - Jimena E. Alba-Jiménez
- CONACyT-Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo de Alimentos, Universidad Veracruzana, Xalapa-Enríquez 1090, Mexico;
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Dracocephalum moldavica L. Extracts Protect H9c2 Cardiomyocytes against H 2O 2-Induced Apoptosis and Oxidative Stress. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 2020:8379358. [PMID: 32462021 PMCID: PMC7222556 DOI: 10.1155/2020/8379358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2019] [Accepted: 03/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Materials and Methods The petroleum ether (petrol), dichloromethane (CH2Cl2), ethyl acetate (EtOAc), and n-butyl alcohol (n-BuOH) fractions were isolated from alcohol extracts of D. moldavica L. Total phenolic and flavonoid contents and in vitro antioxidant activities of different fractions were evaluated. H9c2 cells were then treated with D. moldavica L. extracts before challenging with H2O2. Cell viability was determined by colorimetric assay, and ELISA was used to measure the levels of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), malondialdehyde (MDA), and superoxide dismutase (SOD). Apoptosis levels and mitochondrial membrane potential were measured by flow cytometry. The expressions of cell apoptosis regulatory proteins caspase-3, Bax, and Bcl-2 were determined by western blotting. Results Our results demonstrated that the EtOAc fraction from D. moldavica L. ethanol extract, which is rich in phenolic and flavonoid active constituents, had the strongest free radical scavenging activity. Additionally, this fraction increased H2O2-induced reduction in cell viability, SOD activity, and mitochondrial membrane potential. It also reduced H2O2-induced elevation in ROS production, contents of LDH and MDA, and H9c2 apoptosis. We further found that the EtOAc fraction increased Bcl-2 expression, while it decreased caspase-3 and Bax expressions induced by H2O2 in H9c2 cells. Conclusions Our data revealed that the EtOAc fraction from D. moldavica L. ethanol extract ameliorates H2O2-induced cardiotoxicity via antiapoptotic and antioxidant mechanisms.
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Badran A, Baydoun E, Samaha A, Pintus G, Mesmar J, Iratni R, Issa K, Eid AH. Marjoram Relaxes Rat Thoracic Aorta Via a PI3-K/eNOS/cGMP Pathway. Biomolecules 2019; 9:biom9060227. [PMID: 31212721 PMCID: PMC6627793 DOI: 10.3390/biom9060227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2019] [Revised: 05/28/2019] [Accepted: 05/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite pharmacotherapeutic advances, cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains the primary cause of global mortality. Alternative approaches, such as herbal medicine, continue to be sought to reduce this burden. Origanum majorana is recognized for many medicinal values, yet its vasculoprotective effects remain poorly investigated. Here, we subjected rat thoracic aortae to increasing doses of an ethanolic extract of Origanum majorana (OME). OME induced relaxation in a dose-dependent manner in endothelium-intact rings. This relaxation was significantly blunted in denuded rings. N(ω)-nitro-l-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) or 1H-[1,2,4]oxadiazolo[4,3,-a]quinoxalin-1-one (ODQ) significantly reduced the OME-induced vasorelaxation. Cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) levels were also increased by OME. Moreover, wortmannin or LY294002 significantly reduced OME-induced vasorelaxation. Blockers of ATP-sensitive or Ca2+-activated potassium channels such as glibenclamide or tetraethylamonium (TEA), respectively, did not significantly affect OME-induced relaxation. Similarly, verapamil, a Ca2+ channel blocker, indomethacin, a non-selective cyclooxygenase inhibitor, and pyrilamine, a H1 histamine receptor blocker, did not significantly modulate the observed relaxation. Taken together, our results show that OME induces vasorelaxation via an endothelium-dependent mechanism involving the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3-K)/ endothelial nitric oxide (NO) synthase (eNOS)/cGMP pathway. Our findings further support the medicinal value of marjoram and provide a basis for its beneficial intake. Although consuming marjoram may have an antihypertensive effect, further studies are needed to better determine its effects in different vascular beds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adnan Badran
- Department of Nutrition, University of Petra, Amman, P.O. Box 961343 Amman 11196, Jordan.
| | - Elias Baydoun
- Department of Biology, American University of Beirut, Beirut, P.O. Box 11-0236, Lebanon.
| | - Ali Samaha
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Lebanese International University, Beirut, P.O. Box: 146404 Mazraa, Lebanon.
- Faculty of Public Health IV, Lebanese University, Beirut, P.O. Box 6573/14 Badaro, Lebanon.
| | - Gianfranco Pintus
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Qatar University, Doha, P.O. Box 2713, Qatar.
- Biomedical Research Center, Qatar University, Doha, P.O. Box 2713, Qatar.
| | - Joelle Mesmar
- Department of Biology, American University of Beirut, Beirut, P.O. Box 11-0236, Lebanon.
| | - Rabah Iratni
- Department of Biology, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, P.O. Box 15551, United Arab Emirates.
| | - Khodr Issa
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, American University of Beirut, Beirut, P.O. Box 11-0236, Lebanon.
| | - Ali H Eid
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, American University of Beirut, Beirut, P.O. Box 11-0236, Lebanon.
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Kaunda JS, Zhang YJ. The Genus Solanum: An Ethnopharmacological, Phytochemical and Biological Properties Review. NATURAL PRODUCTS AND BIOPROSPECTING 2019; 9:77-137. [PMID: 30868423 PMCID: PMC6426945 DOI: 10.1007/s13659-019-0201-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2019] [Accepted: 02/27/2019] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Over the past 30 years, the genus Solanum has received considerable attention in chemical and biological studies. Solanum is the largest genus in the family Solanaceae, comprising of about 2000 species distributed in the subtropical and tropical regions of Africa, Australia, and parts of Asia, e.g., China, India and Japan. Many of them are economically significant species. Previous phytochemical investigations on Solanum species led to the identification of steroidal saponins, steroidal alkaloids, terpenes, flavonoids, lignans, sterols, phenolic comopunds, coumarins, amongst other compounds. Many species belonging to this genus present huge range of pharmacological activities such as cytotoxicity to different tumors as breast cancer (4T1 and EMT), colorectal cancer (HCT116, HT29, and SW480), and prostate cancer (DU145) cell lines. The biological activities have been attributed to a number of steroidal saponins, steroidal alkaloids and phenols. This review features 65 phytochemically studied species of Solanum between 1990 and 2018, fetched from SciFinder, Pubmed, ScienceDirect, Wikipedia and Baidu, using "Solanum" and the species' names as search terms ("all fields").
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph Sakah Kaunda
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650204, People's Republic of China
- Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100039, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying-Jun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650204, People's Republic of China.
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, People's Republic of China.
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Vieira EF, Pinho O, Ferreira IM, Delerue-Matos C. Chayote (Sechium edule): A review of nutritional composition, bioactivities and potential applications. Food Chem 2019; 275:557-568. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2018.09.146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2018] [Revised: 09/03/2018] [Accepted: 09/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Mata R, Figueroa M, Navarrete A, Rivero-Cruz I. Chemistry and Biology of Selected Mexican Medicinal Plants. PROGRESS IN THE CHEMISTRY OF ORGANIC NATURAL PRODUCTS 2019; 108:1-142. [PMID: 30924013 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-01099-7_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Herbal medicines are an integral element of alternative medical care in Mexico, and the best testimony to their efficacy and cultural value is their persistence in contemporary Mexican marketplaces where the highest percentages of medicinal and aromatic plants are sold. This chapter summarizes current trends in research on medicinal plants in Mexico, with emphasis on work carried out at the authors' laboratories. The most relevant phytochemical and pharmacological profiles of a selected group of plants used widely for treating major national health problems are described.From this contribution, it is evident that in the last five decades a significant amount of research on medicinal plants has been performed by Mexican scientists. Such efforts have led to the publication of many research papers in noted peer-reviewed journals and technical books. The isolation and structural characterization of hundreds of bioactive secondary metabolites have been accomplished, and most importantly, these studies have tended to support the ethnomedical uses of many different species. A multidisciplinary approach for investigating these plants has led to an increased emphasis on areas such as phytopharmacology, phytotoxicology, quality control, regulation, and conservation issues for these valuable resources. The medicinal plants analyzed so far have shown a very broad chemical diversity of their constituents, which have a high potential for exhibiting novel mechanistic effects biologically. The chapter shows also that there is need to conduct additional clinical studies on herbal drugs, in particular because the longstanding traditional evidence for their safety is not always sufficient to assure their rational use. There is also need to move to "omics" approaches for investigating the holistic effect and the influence of groups of phytochemicals on the whole organism. Mexican scientists may be expected to have bright prospects in this regard, which will imbue medicinal plant research with a new dynamism in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Mata
- Departamento de Farmacia, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, México.
| | - Mario Figueroa
- Departamento de Farmacia, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, México.
| | - Andrés Navarrete
- Departamento de Farmacia, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Isabel Rivero-Cruz
- Departamento de Farmacia, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, México
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Guzman E, Molina J. The predictive utility of the plant phylogeny in identifying sources of cardiovascular drugs. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2018; 56:154-164. [PMID: 29486635 PMCID: PMC6130559 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2018.1444642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2017] [Revised: 02/10/2018] [Accepted: 02/14/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the number one cause of death globally, responsible for over 17 million (31%) deaths in the world. Novel pharmacological interventions may be needed given the high prevalence of CVD. OBJECTIVE In this study, we aimed to find potential new sources of cardiovascular (CV) drugs from phylogenetic and pharmacological analyses of plant species that have experimental and traditional CV applications in the literature. MATERIALS AND METHODS We reconstructed the molecular phylogeny of these plant species and mapped their pharmacological mechanisms of action on the phylogeny. RESULTS Out of 139 plant species in 71 plant families, seven plant families with 45 species emerged as phylogenetically important exhibiting common CV mechanisms of action within the family, as would be expected given their common ancestry: Apiaceae, Brassicaceae, Fabaceae, Lamiaceae, Malvaceae, Rosaceae and Zingiberaceae. Apiaceae and Brassicaceae promoted diuresis and hypotension; Fabaceae and Lamiaceae had anticoagulant/thrombolytic effects; Apiaceae and Zingiberaceae were calcium channel blockers. Moreover, Apiaceae, Lamiaceae, Malvaceae, Rosaceae and Zingiberaceae species were found to possess anti-atherosclerotic properties. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS The phylogeny identified certain plant families with disproportionately more species, highlighting their importance as sources of natural products for CV drug discovery. Though there were some species that did not show the same mechanism within the family, the phylogeny predicts that these species may contain undiscovered phytochemistry, and potentially, the same bioactivity. Evolutionary pharmacology, as applied here, may guide and expedite our efforts in discovering sources of new CV drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily Guzman
- Department of Biology, Long Island University, Brooklyn, NY, USA
| | - Jeanmaire Molina
- Department of Biology, Long Island University, Brooklyn, NY, USA
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Endothelium-independent and calcium channel-dependent relaxation of the porcine cerebral artery by different species and strains of turmeric. J Tradit Complement Med 2018; 9:297-303. [PMID: 31453125 PMCID: PMC6701958 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcme.2018.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2018] [Revised: 07/29/2018] [Accepted: 08/07/2018] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective To clarify the underlying mechanism of turmeric, which is traditionally used as a medicinal plant for the treatment of cardiovascular disorders, such as hypertension, and palpitations. Methods Methanol extracts of different turmeric were used. A tissue-organ-bath system was used to investigate the vasoactive effects of methanol extracts from 5 kinds of turmeric on isolated porcine basilar arteries. The arterial rings were suspended in physiological solution that was maintained at 37 °C temperature with a continuous supply of 95% O2 and 5% CO2. Results All turmeric extracts (20–800 μg/mL) induced concentration-dependent relaxation of the isolated porcine basilar artery pre-contracted with U46619 (1-5 × 10−9 M) in arterial rings with or without endothelium. There were no significant differences in the relaxation induced by different turmeric or between the endothelium-intact and denuded arteries. In depolarized, Ca2+-free medium, the turmeric extracts inhibited CaCl2-induced contractions and caused a concentration-dependent rightward shift of the response curves. In addition, propranolol (a non-specific β-adrenoceptor antagonist) slightly inhibited the relaxation induced by turmeric. In contrast, Nω-nitro-l-arginine, indomethacin, tetraethylammonium, glibenclamide and 4-aminopyridine did not affect turmeric-induced relaxation. Conclusion These results demonstrated that turmeric induced endothelium-independent relaxation of the porcine basilar artery, which may be due to the inhibition of extracellular and intracellular Ca2+ receptors and the partial inhibition of β-adrenergic receptors in vascular smooth muscle cells.
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Trejo-Moreno C, Castro-Martínez G, Méndez-Martínez M, Jiménez-Ferrer JE, Pedraza-Chaverri J, Arrellín G, Zamilpa A, Medina-Campos ON, Lombardo-Earl G, Barrita-Cruz GJ, Hernández B, Ramírez CC, Santana MA, Fragoso G, Rosas G. Acetone fraction from Sechium edule (Jacq.) S.w. edible roots exhibits anti-endothelial dysfunction activity. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2018; 220:75-86. [PMID: 29501845 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2018.02.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2017] [Revised: 02/22/2018] [Accepted: 02/23/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE A recent ethnomedical survey on medicinal plants grown in Mexico revealed that Sechium edule (Jacq.) Sw. (Cucurbitaceae) is one of the most valued plant species to treat cardiovascular diseases, including hypertension. Fruits, young leaves, buds, stems, and tuberous roots of the plant are edible. Considering that endothelial dysfunction induced by Angiotensin II plays an important role in the pathogenesis of hypertension and is accompanied by a prooxidative condition, which in turn induces an inflammatory state, vascular remodeling, and tissue damage, and that S. edule has been reported to possess antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antihypertensive activity, its capability to control endothelial dysfunction was also assessed. AIM OF THE STUDY To assess in vivo the anti-endothelial dysfunction activity of the acetone fraction (rSe-ACE) of the hydroalcoholic extract from S. edule roots. MATERIALS AND METHODS Endothelial dysfunction was induced in female C57BL/6 J mice by a daily intraperitoneal injection of angiotensin II for 10 weeks. Either rSe-ACE or losartan (as a control) were co-administered with angiotensin II for the same period. Blood pressure was measured at weeks 0, 5, and 10. Kidney extracts were prepared to determine IL1β, IL4, IL6, IL10, IL17, IFNγ, TNFα, and TGFβ levels by ELISA, along with the prooxidative status as assessed by the activity of antioxidant enzymes. The expression of ICAM-1 was evaluated by immunohistochemistry in kidney histological sections. Kidney and hepatic damage, as well as vascular tissue remodeling, were studied. RESULTS The rSe-ACE fraction administered at a dose of 10 mg/kg was able to control hypertension, as well as the prooxidative and proinflammatory status in kidney as efficiently as losartan, returning mice to normotensive levels. Additionally, the fraction was more efficient than losartan to prevent liver and kidney damage. Phytochemical characterization identified cinnamic acid as a major compound, and linoleic, palmitic, and myristic acids as the most abundant non-polar components in the mixture, previously reported to aid in the control of hypertension, inflammation, and oxidative stress, three important components of endothelial dysfunction. IN CONCLUSION this study demonstrated that rSe-ACE has anti-endothelial dysfunction activity in an experimental model and highlights the role of cinnamic acid and fatty acids in the observed effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Celeste Trejo-Moreno
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Cuernavaca, Morelos CP 62350, Mexico
| | - Gabriela Castro-Martínez
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Cuernavaca, Morelos CP 62350, Mexico
| | - Marisol Méndez-Martínez
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Cuernavaca, Morelos CP 62350, Mexico
| | - Jesús Enrique Jiménez-Ferrer
- Laboratorio de Farmacología, Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas del Sur, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Xochitepec, Morelos CP 62790, Mexico
| | - José Pedraza-Chaverri
- Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Coyoacán, Ciudad de México CP 04510, Mexico
| | - Gerardo Arrellín
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Cuernavaca, Morelos CP 62350, Mexico; Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Panamericana, Ciudad de México CP 03920, Mexico
| | - Alejandro Zamilpa
- Laboratorio de Farmacología, Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas del Sur, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Xochitepec, Morelos CP 62790, Mexico
| | - Omar Noel Medina-Campos
- Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Coyoacán, Ciudad de México CP 04510, Mexico
| | - Galia Lombardo-Earl
- Laboratorio de Farmacología, Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas del Sur, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Xochitepec, Morelos CP 62790, Mexico
| | - Gerardo Joel Barrita-Cruz
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Cuernavaca, Morelos CP 62350, Mexico
| | - Beatriz Hernández
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Coyoacán, Ciudad de México CP 04510, Mexico
| | - Christian Carlos Ramírez
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Cuernavaca, Morelos CP 62350, Mexico
| | - María Angélica Santana
- Centro de Investigación en Dinámica Celular, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Av. Universidad 1001, Chamilpa, Cuernavaca, Morelos CP 62209, Mexico
| | - Gladis Fragoso
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Coyoacán, Ciudad de México CP 04510, Mexico
| | - Gabriela Rosas
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Cuernavaca, Morelos CP 62350, Mexico.
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Luna-Vázquez FJ, Ibarra-Alvarado C, Camacho-Corona MDR, Rojas-Molina A, Rojas-Molina JI, García A, Bah M. Vasodilator Activity of Compounds Isolated from Plants Used in Mexican Traditional Medicine. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23061474. [PMID: 29912156 PMCID: PMC6100030 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23061474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2018] [Revised: 06/11/2018] [Accepted: 06/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Arterial hypertension is one of the main risk factors in the development of cardiovascular diseases. Therefore, it is important to look for new drugs to treat hypertension. In this study, we carried out the screening of 19 compounds (triterpenes, diterpenes, sesquiterpenes, lignans, and flavonoids) isolated from 10 plants used in Mexican traditional medicine to determine whether they elicited vascular smooth muscle relaxation and, therefore, could represent novel anti-hypertension drug candidates. The vasorelaxant activity of these compounds was evaluated on the isolated rat aorta assay and the results obtained from this evaluation showed that three compounds induced a significant vasodilatory effect: meso-dihydroguaiaretic acid [half maximal effective concentration (EC50), 49.9 ± 11.2 µM; maximum effect (Emax), 99.8 ± 2.7%]; corosolic acid (EC50, 108.9 ± 6.7 µM; Emax, 96.4 ± 4.2%); and 5,8,4′-trihydroxy-3,7-dimethoxyflavone (EC50, 122.3 ± 7.6 µM; Emax, 99.5 ± 5.4%). Subsequently, involvement of the NO/cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) and H2S/ATP-sensitive potassium channel (KATP) pathways on the vasodilator activity of these compounds was assessed. The results derived from this analysis showed that the activation of both pathways contributes to the vasorelaxant effect of corosolic acid. On the other hand, the vasodilator effect of meso-dihydroguaiaretic acid and 5,8,4′-trihydroxy-3,7-dimethoxyflavone, partly involves stimulation of the NO/cGMP pathway. However, these compounds also showed an important endothelium-independent vasorelaxant effect, whose mechanism of action remains to be clarified. This study indicates that meso-dihydroguaiaretic acid, corosolic acid, and 5,8,4′-trihydroxy-3,7-dimethoxyflavone could be used as lead compounds for the synthesis of new derivatives with a higher potency to be developed as drugs for the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco J Luna-Vázquez
- Laboratorio de Investigación Química y Farmacológica de Productos Naturales, Facultad de Química, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, C.P. 76010 Querétaro, Mexico.
| | - César Ibarra-Alvarado
- Laboratorio de Investigación Química y Farmacológica de Productos Naturales, Facultad de Química, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, C.P. 76010 Querétaro, Mexico.
| | - María Del Rayo Camacho-Corona
- Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Ciudad Universitaria, San Nicolás de los Garza, CP 66451 Nuevo León, Mexico.
| | - Alejandra Rojas-Molina
- Laboratorio de Investigación Química y Farmacológica de Productos Naturales, Facultad de Química, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, C.P. 76010 Querétaro, Mexico.
| | - J Isela Rojas-Molina
- Laboratorio de Investigación Química y Farmacológica de Productos Naturales, Facultad de Química, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, C.P. 76010 Querétaro, Mexico.
| | - Abraham García
- Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Ciudad Universitaria, San Nicolás de los Garza, CP 66451 Nuevo León, Mexico.
| | - Moustapha Bah
- Laboratorio de Investigación Química y Farmacológica de Productos Naturales, Facultad de Química, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, C.P. 76010 Querétaro, Mexico.
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Magnolin promotes autophagy and cell cycle arrest via blocking LIF/Stat3/Mcl-1 axis in human colorectal cancers. Cell Death Dis 2018; 9:702. [PMID: 29899555 PMCID: PMC5999973 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-018-0660-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2018] [Revised: 04/28/2018] [Accepted: 05/03/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Magnolin is a multi-bioactive natural compound that possesses underlying anti-cancer properties. However, the mechanisms underlying remain to be elucidated. Here, we report the role of magnolin in suppressing human colorectal cancer (CRC) cells via activating autophagy and cell cycle arrest in vitro and in vivo. Pre-treatment of cells with specific autophagy inhibitor (3-methyladenine) or knockdown of endogenous LC-3B by siRNA significantly abrogates magnolin-induced cell cycle arrest. Molecular validation mechanistically shows that magnolin-induced autophagy and cell cycle arrest in CRC cells is correlated with decreased transcriptional levels of leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF), and we further find that inhibition of LIF decreases phosphorylation level of Stat3 and represses transcriptional expression of Mcl-1. Furthermore, magnolin-induced autophagy and cell cycle arrest suppress the growth of xenograft colorectal tumors without apparent toxicity. Finally, we evaluate the clinical correlation of LIF/Stat3/Mcl-1 in CRC patient tissues. As expected, LIF, p-Stat3, and Mcl-1 levels are high in CRC tissue but are scarcely found in normal colon tissue. High positive expressions of LIF or Mcl-1 are associated with poor prognosis. Doubly positive cases have shown the worst outcome. Taken together, our results have clarified a novel molecular mechanism whereby magnolin induces autophagy and cell cycle arrest through LIF/Stat3/Mcl-1 pathway in CRCs. Our results also have revealed that magnolin has a promising therapeutic potential in CRCs.
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Trejo-Moreno C, Castro-Martínez G, Méndez-Martínez M, Jiménez-Ferrer JE, Pedraza-Chaverri J, Arrellín G, Zamilpa-Álvarez A, Medina-Campos ON, Lombardo-Earl G, Barrita-Cruz GJ, Hernández B, Ramírez CC, Santana MA, Fragoso G, Rosas G. Data of the effects of acetone fraction from Sechium edule (Jacq.) S.w. edible roots in the kidney of endothelial dysfunction induced mice. Data Brief 2018; 18:448-453. [PMID: 29900200 PMCID: PMC5996300 DOI: 10.1016/j.dib.2018.03.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2018] [Revised: 03/08/2018] [Accepted: 03/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Endothelial dysfunction induced by Angiotensin II (AG II) plays an important role in the pathogenesis of hypertension and is accompanied by a prooxidative condition, which in turn induces an inflammatory state, vascular remodeling, and tissue damage including the kidney (Schmitt and Dirsch, 2009) [1]. New drugs that can control several of these pathologies are required. Sechium edule has been reported to possess antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antihypertensive activity (Ibarra-Alvarado et al., 2010) [2]. This paper contains data complementary to those published in Journal of Ethnopharmacology (Moreno et al., 2018) [3], evaluating the effect in kidney of hypertensive mice of the acetone fraction from S. edule to control de pro-oxidative state, reduction of the inflammatory adhesion molecule (ICAM) and recruitment of inflammatory cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Celeste Trejo-Moreno
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Cuernavaca, Morelos CP 62350, Mexico
| | - Gabriela Castro-Martínez
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Cuernavaca, Morelos CP 62350, Mexico
| | - Marisol Méndez-Martínez
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Cuernavaca, Morelos CP 62350, Mexico
| | - Jesús Enrique Jiménez-Ferrer
- Laboratorio de Farmacología, Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas del Sur, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Xochitepec, Morelos CP 62790, Mexico
| | - José Pedraza-Chaverri
- Facultad de Química, Universidad Autónoma de México, Coyoacán, Ciudad de México CP 04510, Mexico
| | - Gerardo Arrellín
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Cuernavaca, Morelos CP 62350, Mexico
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Panamericana, Ciudad de México CP 03920, Mexico
| | - Alejandro Zamilpa-Álvarez
- Laboratorio de Farmacología, Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas del Sur, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Xochitepec, Morelos CP 62790, Mexico
| | - Omar Noel Medina-Campos
- Facultad de Química, Universidad Autónoma de México, Coyoacán, Ciudad de México CP 04510, Mexico
| | - Galia Lombardo-Earl
- Laboratorio de Farmacología, Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas del Sur, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Xochitepec, Morelos CP 62790, Mexico
| | - Gerardo Joel Barrita-Cruz
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Cuernavaca, Morelos CP 62350, Mexico
| | - Beatriz Hernández
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Coyoacán, Ciudad de México CP 04510, Mexico
| | - Christian Carlos Ramírez
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Cuernavaca, Morelos CP 62350, Mexico
| | - María Angélica Santana
- Centro de Investigación en Dinámica Celular, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Av. Universidad 1001, Chamilpa, Cuernavaca, Morelos CP 62209, Mexico
| | - Gladis Fragoso
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Coyoacán, Ciudad de México CP 04510, Mexico
| | - Gabriela Rosas
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Cuernavaca, Morelos CP 62350, Mexico
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Navarrete A, Ávila-Rosas N, Majín-León M, Balderas-López JL, Alfaro-Romero A, Tavares-Carvalho JC. Mechanism of action of relaxant effect of Agastache mexicana ssp.mexicana essential oil in guinea-pig trachea smooth muscle. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2017; 55:96-100. [PMID: 27927103 PMCID: PMC7011954 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2016.1230140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2015] [Revised: 08/12/2016] [Accepted: 08/25/2016] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Agastache mexicana ssp. mexicana (Kunth) Lint & Epling (Lamiaceae), popularly known as 'toronjil morado', is used in Mexican traditional medicine for the treatment of several diseases such as hypertension, anxiety and respiratory disorders. OBJECTIVE This study investigates the relaxant action mechanism of A. mexicana ssp. mexicana essential oil (AMEO) in guinea-pig isolated trachea model. MATERIALS AND METHOD AMEO was analyzed by GC/MS. The relaxant effect of AMEO (5-50 μg/mL) was tested in guinea-pig trachea pre-contracted with carbachol (3 × 10 - 6 M) or histamine (3 × 10 - 5 M) in the presence or absence of glibenclamide (10 - 5 M), propranolol (3 × 10 - 6 M) or 2',5'-dideoxyadenosine (10 - 5 M). The antagonist effect of AMEO (10-300 μg/mL) against contractions elicited by carbachol (10 - 15-10 - 3 M), histamine (10 - 15-10 - 3 M) or calcium (10-300 μg/mL) was evaluated. RESULTS Essential oil composition was estragole, d-limonene and linalyl anthranilate. AMEO relaxed the carbachol (EC50 = 18.25 ± 1.03 μg/mL) and histamine (EC50 = 13.3 ± 1.02 μg/mL)-induced contractions. The relaxant effect of AMEO was not modified by the presence of propranolol, glibenclamide or 2',5'-dideoxyadenosine, suggesting that effect of AMEO is not related to β2-adrenergic receptors, ATP-sensitive potassium channels or adenylate cyclase activation. AMEO was more potent to antagonize histamine (pA2' = -1.507 ± 0.122) than carbachol (pA2' = -2.180 ± 0.357). Also, AMEO antagonized the calcium chloride-induced contractions. CONCLUSION The results suggest that relaxant effect of AMEO might be due to blockade of calcium influx in guinea-pig trachea smooth muscle. It is possible that estragole and d-limonene could contribute majority in the relaxant effect of AMEO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrés Navarrete
- Departamento de Farmacia, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Ciudad Universitaria, Coyoacán, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Natalia Ávila-Rosas
- Departamento de Farmacia, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Ciudad Universitaria, Coyoacán, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Mateo Majín-León
- Departamento de Farmacia, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Ciudad Universitaria, Coyoacán, Ciudad de México, México
| | - José Luis Balderas-López
- Departamento de Farmacia, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Ciudad Universitaria, Coyoacán, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Alejandro Alfaro-Romero
- Departamento de Farmacia, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Ciudad Universitaria, Coyoacán, Ciudad de México, México
| | - José Carlos Tavares-Carvalho
- Laboratório de Pesquisa em Fármacos, Curso de Farmácia, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Amapá, Macapá, AP, Brazil
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Kim B, Kwon Y, Lee S, Lee K, Ham I, Choi HY. Vasorelaxant effects of Angelica decursiva root on isolated rat aortic rings. BMC COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2017; 17:474. [PMID: 28969672 PMCID: PMC5625843 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-017-1965-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2017] [Accepted: 09/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hypertension is one of the most important risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD) and a worldwide problem. Despite increases in the development of synthetic drugs for hypertension treatment, the rate of untreated and uncontrolled hypertension remains high. These drugs are effective, but can also cause side effects. Approximately 80% of the world population uses herbal medicines because of their low toxicity and better acceptability by the human body. Therefore, we attempted to identify natural medications for treating hypertension. The 70% ethanol extract of Angelica decursiva root (ADE) shows strong vasorelaxant potential, but no studies have investigated the mechanisms underlying the vasorelaxation effect of A. decursiva. METHODS Dried root of A. decursiva was identified by DNA sequencing and was extracted once with 1 L 70% ethanol (EtOH) for 3 h in a reflux apparatus at 70 °C. ADE was evaluated for its vasorelaxant effects in rat thoracic aortas. Various inhibitors of ADE-induced vasorelaxation were used. RESULTS ADE showed vasorelaxant effects on the intact and denuded endothelium of aortic rings pre-contracted with phenylephrine and KCl in Krebs-Henseleit solution. Tetraethylammonium and 4-aminopyridine did not alter ADE-induced vasorelaxation. However, the vasorelaxant effect of ADE was partially inhibited by pre-treatment with glibenclamide an ATP-sensitive K+ channel blocker. Furthermore, ADE concentration-dependently inhibited Ca2+ supplementation-induced vasoconstriction of aortic rings that had been pretreated with phenylephrine or KCl in Ca2+-free Krebs-Henseleit solution. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that ADE-induced vasorelaxation occurred in an endothelium-independent manner. The vasorelaxant effects of ADE were correlated with blockade of the KATP channel and inhibition of Ca2+ influx via receptor-operative Ca2+ channels or voltage-dependent Ca2+ channels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bumjung Kim
- Department of Herbology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, 02447 Republic of Korea
| | - Youngki Kwon
- Department of Herbology, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Somin Lee
- Department of Herbology, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyungjin Lee
- Department of Herbology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, 02447 Republic of Korea
| | - Inhye Ham
- Department of Herbology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, 02447 Republic of Korea
| | - Ho-Young Choi
- Department of Herbology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, 02447 Republic of Korea
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Verma VK, Pandey A, Jha AK, Ngachan SV. Genetic characterization of chayote [ Sechium edule (Jacq.) Swartz.] landraces of North Eastern Hills of India and conservation measure. PHYSIOLOGY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF PLANTS : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2017; 23:911-924. [PMID: 29158638 PMCID: PMC5671460 DOI: 10.1007/s12298-017-0478-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2017] [Revised: 09/04/2017] [Accepted: 09/19/2017] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Chayote or chow-chow is an underutilized cucurbit vegetable crop, widely cultivated by farmers in the backyards and Jhum lands for its tender leaves, fruits and tuberous root. In order to initiate crop improvement program in this crop, the present study was undertaken to assess the genetic variations in the 74 chow-chow landraces collected from the North Eastern Hill region of India. Wide variations for fruit colors, fruit length (6.5-21.5 cm), fruit width (4.2-10.7 cm), fruit weight (60-560 g), vitamin-C (2.6-13.8 mg/100 g), reducing sugar (0.18-2.77%), total sugar (1.09-2.94%) and phenol content (0.17-3.85 mg/100 g FW) were recorded among the landraces. All the landraces were also characterized using random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) and inter simple sequence repeat (ISSR) markers. In RAPD analyses, out of 28 primers a total of 198 reproducible amplicons were formed at an average of 7.01 per primer and an overall polymorphism of 88.38%. Eight fragments were specific to landraces with light green fruits. Four fragments were observed to be specific to RCSC-22 (dark green fruits) and another four specific to a RCSC-30 (pale yellow fruits). Out of 30 ISSR, only 5 primers generated a total of 32 reproducible amplicons with an average of 6.4 per primer and overall polymorphism of 62.5%. The pair wise similarity coefficient values ranged from 0.55 to 0.96. The grouping of landraces in cluster analysis was found to be independent of their respective geographic locations. The cuttings of suckers and shoot top (2 months old) treated with indole-3-butyric acid (200 mg l-1) provide an alternative for the conservation of the diverse genetic materials to the researchers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Avinash Pandey
- ICAR Research Complex for North Eastern Hill Region, Umiam, Meghalaya 793103 India
| | - Anjani Kumar Jha
- ICAR Research Complex for North Eastern Hill Region, Umiam, Meghalaya 793103 India
| | - S. V. Ngachan
- ICAR Research Complex for North Eastern Hill Region, Umiam, Meghalaya 793103 India
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Pei JP, Fan LH, Nan K, Li J, Dang XQ, Wang KZ. HSYA alleviates secondary neuronal death through attenuating oxidative stress, inflammatory response, and neural apoptosis in SD rat spinal cord compression injury. J Neuroinflammation 2017; 14:97. [PMID: 28468657 PMCID: PMC5415746 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-017-0870-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2017] [Accepted: 04/21/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Hydroxysafflor yellow A (HSYA) is a major active component of yellow pigment extracted from safflowers; this compound possesses potent neuroprotective effects both in vitro and in vivo. However, underlying mechanism of HSYA is not fully elucidated. The present study investigated the protective effects of HSYA in rat spinal cord compression injury model and related mechanisms involved. Methods Sprague–Dawley rats were divided as Sham, Control, and HSYA groups (n = 30 per group). Spinal cord injury (SCI) model was induced by application of vascular clips (force of 50 g, 1 min) to the dura at T9–T10 level of vertebra. Injured animals were administered with either HSYA (8 mg/kg at 1 and 6 h after injury, then 14 mg/kg, for a total of 7 days at 24-h time intervals) or equal volume of saline by intraperitoneal injection. Results From this experiment, we discovered that SCI in rats resulted in severe trauma, which is characterized by tissue damage, lipid peroxidation, neutrophil infiltration, inflammation mediator release, and neuronal apoptosis. However, HSYA treatment significantly reduced the following: (1) degree of tissue injury (histological score) and edema; (2) neutrophil infiltration (myeloperoxidase activity); (3) oxidative stress (superoxide dismutase, malondialdehyde, and nitric oxide); (4) pro-inflammatory cytokine expression (tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-6, inducible nitric oxide synthase, cyclooxygenase-2); (5) nuclear factor-κB activation; (6) apoptosis (terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling staining and cysteine-aspartic protease-3 activity). Moreover, in a separate set of experiments, we clearly demonstrated that HSYA treatment significantly ameliorated recovery of limb function (as evaluated by Basso, Beattie, and Bresnahan behavioral recovery scores). Conclusions Treatment with HSYA restrains development of oxidative stress, inflammation response, and apoptotic events associated with SCI of rats, demonstrating that HSYA is a potential neuroprotectant for human SCI therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Peng Pei
- Department of Orthopaedics, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 157 Xiwu Road, Xi'an, 710004, Shaanxi Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Li-Hong Fan
- Department of Orthopaedics, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 157 Xiwu Road, Xi'an, 710004, Shaanxi Province, People's Republic of China.
| | - Kai Nan
- Department of Orthopaedics, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 157 Xiwu Road, Xi'an, 710004, Shaanxi Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Jia Li
- Department of Orthopaedics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, School of Medicine, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Xiao-Qian Dang
- Department of Orthopaedics, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 157 Xiwu Road, Xi'an, 710004, Shaanxi Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Kun-Zheng Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 157 Xiwu Road, Xi'an, 710004, Shaanxi Province, People's Republic of China
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Bezerra ANS, Massing LT, de Oliveira RB, Mourão RHV. Standardization and anti-inflammatory activity of aqueous extract of Psittacanthus plagiophyllus Eichl. (Loranthaceae). JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2017; 202:234-240. [PMID: 28330723 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2017.03.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2016] [Revised: 03/02/2017] [Accepted: 03/18/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL IMPORTANCE The hemiparasitic species Psittacanthus plagiophyllus Eichl. (Loranthaceae), also known as erva de passarinho, is used in folk medicine in the Santarém region in the state of Pará, Brazil, to treat gastritis and a variety of inflammatory disorders. In view of the lack of pharmacological studies on this species in the literature and the fact that it is used constantly by the local population, this study sought to standardize the extract of the leaves of P. plagiophyllus (AEPp) and to assess its anti-inflammatory potential in in vivo tests. MATERIAL AND METHODS Quality control and standardization of AEPp were performed following the 5th edition of the Brazilian Pharmacopeia. To assess the in vivo anti-inflammatory activity of AEPp, the carrageenan-induced and dextran-induced rat paw edema models were initially used. To investigate the effect of AEPp on carrageenan-induced leukocyte recruitment and exudate production, the air pouch inflammation model was used. In addition, the antioxidant activity of AEPp was assessed in vitro by the DPPH radical scavenging method. RESULTS The chromatographic profile of AEPp indicated the presence of flavonoids, coumarins and hydrolyzable and condensed tannins. Measurement of phenolics revealed the following percentages in the extract: 12.62±0.18% total phenolics, 5.39±0.01% total tannins, 12.54±0.24% hydrolyzable tannins, 8.37±0.32% condensed tannins and 1.23±0.02% total flavonoids. In 500 and 1000mg/kg doses (p.o.) AEPp had significant edema-inhibiting activity (p<0.01) in both the models used, suggesting that the extract may act in vascular and cell events in the inflammatory response and exert an inhibitory effect on mediators responsible for edema. In all the doses tested [250, 500 and 1000mg/kg (p.o.)], AEPp inhibited total leukocyte and neutrophil migration and reduced the amount of exudate in the air pouch in a dose-dependent manner. Both effects were statistically significant (p<0.01). The extract also reduced the DPPH radical (maximum reduction 93.13±1.71% at a concentration of 75µg/mL), indicating that it has antioxidant activity. AEPp, therefore, exhibited considerable in vivo anti-inflammatory activity and in vitro antioxidant activity. This may be due to its high phenolics content. CONCLUSION These findings provide evidence to support the use of P. plagiophyllus in folk medicine to treat inflammatory disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrielle Nara Serra Bezerra
- Graduate Program in Amazonian Natural Resources, Bioprospection and Experimental Biology Laboratory, Federal University of Western Pará, UFOPA, Rua Vera Paz, s/n, Salé, Santarém, PA 68035-110, Brazil.
| | - Laís Tatiele Massing
- Graduate Program in Biosciences, Bioprospection and Experimental Biology Laboratory, Federal University of Western Pará, UFOPA, Rua Vera Paz, s/n, Salé, Santarém, PA, 68035-110, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Bezerra de Oliveira
- Graduate Program in Amazonian Natural Resources, Bioprospection and Experimental Biology Laboratory, Federal University of Western Pará, UFOPA, Rua Vera Paz, s/n, Salé, Santarém, PA 68035-110, Brazil; Graduate Program in Biosciences, Bioprospection and Experimental Biology Laboratory, Federal University of Western Pará, UFOPA, Rua Vera Paz, s/n, Salé, Santarém, PA, 68035-110, Brazil
| | - Rosa Helena Veras Mourão
- Graduate Program in Amazonian Natural Resources, Bioprospection and Experimental Biology Laboratory, Federal University of Western Pará, UFOPA, Rua Vera Paz, s/n, Salé, Santarém, PA 68035-110, Brazil; Graduate Program in Biosciences, Bioprospection and Experimental Biology Laboratory, Federal University of Western Pará, UFOPA, Rua Vera Paz, s/n, Salé, Santarém, PA, 68035-110, Brazil
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Castro-Ruiz JE, Rojas-Molina A, Luna-Vázquez FJ, Rivero-Cruz F, García-Gasca T, Ibarra-Alvarado C. Affinin (Spilanthol), Isolated from Heliopsis longipes, Induces Vasodilation via Activation of Gasotransmitters and Prostacyclin Signaling Pathways. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:E218. [PMID: 28117739 PMCID: PMC5297847 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18010218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2016] [Revised: 01/06/2017] [Accepted: 01/13/2017] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Heliopsis longipes roots have been widely used in Mexican traditional medicine to relieve pain, mainly, toothaches. Previous studies have shown that affinin, the major alkamide of these roots, induces potent antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory activities. However, the effect of H. longipes root extracts and affinin on the cardiovascular system have not been investigated so far. In the present study, we demonstrated that the dichloromethane and ethanolic extracts of H. longipes roots, and affinin, isolated from these roots, produce a concentration-dependent vasodilation of rat aorta. Affinin-induced vasorelaxation was partly dependent on the presence of endothelium and was significantly blocked in the presence of inhibitors of NO, H₂S, and CO synthesis (NG-nitro-l-arginine methyl ester (l-NAME), dl-propargylglycine (PAG), and chromium mesoporphyrin (CrMP), respectively); K⁺ channel blockers (glibenclamide (Gli) and tetraethyl ammonium (TEA)), and guanylate cyclase and cyclooxygenase inhibitors (1H-[1,2,4]oxadiazolo[4,3-a]quinoxalin-1-one (ODQ) and indomethacin (INDO), respectively). Our results demonstrate, for the first time, that affinin induces vasodilation by mechanisms that involve gasotransmitters, and prostacyclin signaling pathways. These findings indicate that this natural alkamide has therapeutic potential in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesús Eduardo Castro-Ruiz
- Laboratorio de Biología Celular y Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, Campus Juriquilla, 76230 Querétaro, Qro., Mexico.
- Laboratorio de Investigación Química y Farmacológica de Productos Naturales, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, Centro Universitario, 76010 Querétaro, Qro., Mexico.
| | - Alejandra Rojas-Molina
- Laboratorio de Investigación Química y Farmacológica de Productos Naturales, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, Centro Universitario, 76010 Querétaro, Qro., Mexico.
| | - Francisco J Luna-Vázquez
- Laboratorio de Investigación Química y Farmacológica de Productos Naturales, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, Centro Universitario, 76010 Querétaro, Qro., Mexico.
| | - Fausto Rivero-Cruz
- Departamento de Farmacia, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, 04510 México, D.F., Mexico.
| | - Teresa García-Gasca
- Laboratorio de Biología Celular y Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, Campus Juriquilla, 76230 Querétaro, Qro., Mexico.
| | - César Ibarra-Alvarado
- Laboratorio de Investigación Química y Farmacológica de Productos Naturales, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, Centro Universitario, 76010 Querétaro, Qro., Mexico.
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Ventura-Martínez R, Rodríguez R, González-Trujano ME, Ángeles-López GE, Déciga-Campos M, Gómez C. Spasmogenic and spasmolytic activities of Agastache mexicana ssp. mexicana and A. mexicana ssp. xolocotziana methanolic extracts on the guinea pig ileum. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2017; 196:58-65. [PMID: 27988399 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2016.12.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2016] [Revised: 12/05/2016] [Accepted: 12/14/2016] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Agastache mexicana has been used in traditional medicine for relief of abdominal pain and treatment of other diseases. Two subspecies have been identified: A. mexicana ssp. mexicana (AMM) and A. mexicana ssp. xolocotziana (AMX) and both are used traditionally without distinction or in combination. AIM OF THE STUDY To determine the effect of methanol extracts of A. mexicana ssp. mexicana and A. mexicana ssp. xolocotziana on gut motility and their possible mechanism of action. MATERIALS AND METHODS The effect of AMM and AMX methanol extracts were tested on the spontaneous activity in the isolated guinea pig ileum and on tissues pre-contracted with KCl, electrical field stimulation (EFS) or ACh. In addition, the possible mechanism of action of each subspecies on gut motility was analyzed in the presence of hexametonium, indomethacin, L-NAME, verapamil, atropine or pyrylamine. A comparative chromatographic profile of these extracts was also done to indicate the most abundant flavonoids presents in methanol extracts of both subspecies. RESULTS AMM, but not AMX, induced a contractile effect in the guinea pig ileum. This spasmogenic effect was partially inhibited by atropine, antagonist of muscarinic receptors; and pyrilamine, antagonist of H1 receptors. In contrast, AMX, but not AMM, diminished the contractions induced by KCl, EFS or ACh. The spasmolytic activity of AMX was partially inhibited by hexamethonium, ganglionic blocker; and indomethacin, inhibitor of the synthesis of prostaglandins; but not by L-NAME, inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase. In addition, AMX diminished the maximal contraction induced by CaCl2 in a calcium-free medium. Chromatographic analyses of these methanol extracts showed the presence of acacetin and tilanin in both. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that in folk medicine only AMX should be used as spasmolytic, and not in combination with AMM as traditionally occurs, due to the spasmogenic effects of the latter. In addition, activation of nicotinic receptors, prostaglandins and calcium channels, but not nitric oxide mechanisms, could be responsible for the spasmolytic activity of AMX. On the other hand, release of ACh and histamine could be involved in the spasmogenic effect induced by AMM. Acacetin and tilanin are present in methanol extracts of both subspecies and both flavonoids were more abundant in AMX than AMM. Our findings contribute to the validation of the traditional use of Agastache mexicana in relieving gastrointestinal disorders, but indicate that the subspecie that should be used for this effect is A. mexicana ssp. xolocotziana.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosa Ventura-Martínez
- Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Avenida Universidad 3000, Ciudad Universitaria, Coyoacán, México, D.F. 04510, México.
| | - Rodolfo Rodríguez
- Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Avenida Universidad 3000, Ciudad Universitaria, Coyoacán, México, D.F. 04510, México.
| | - María Eva González-Trujano
- Laboratorio de Neurofarmacología de Productos Naturales, Dirección de Investigaciones en Neurociencias del Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ra món de la Fuente Muñiz, Calzada México-Xochimilco 101, Sn. Lorenzo Huipulco, México, D.F. 14370, México.
| | - Guadalupe E Ángeles-López
- Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Avenida Universidad 3000, Ciudad Universitaria, Coyoacán, México, D.F. 04510, México.
| | - Myrna Déciga-Campos
- Sección de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación, Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Av. Salvador Díaz Mirón s/n esq. Plan de San Luis, Casco de Santo Tomás, Miguel Hidalgo, México D.F. 11340, México.
| | - Claudia Gómez
- Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Avenida Universidad 3000, Ciudad Universitaria, Coyoacán, México, D.F. 04510, México.
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Flores-Flores A, Hernández-Abreu O, Rios MY, León-Rivera I, Aguilar-Guadarrama B, Castillo-España P, Perea-Arango I, Estrada-Soto S. Vasorelaxant mode of action of dichloromethane-soluble extract from Agastache mexicana and its main bioactive compounds. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2016; 54:2807-2813. [PMID: 27252080 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2016.1184690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2015] [Accepted: 04/26/2016] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Agastache mexicana (Kunth) Lint & Epling (Lamiaceae) is a plant used in Mexican traditional medicine for the treatment of hypertension, anxiety and so on. OBJECTIVE To determine the vasorelaxant effect and functional mode of action of dichloromethane-soluble extract from A. mexicana (DEAm) and isolate the constituents responsible for the pharmacological activity. MATERIALS AND METHODS Extracts were prepared from the aerial parts of A. mexicana (225.6 g) by successive maceration with hexane, dichloromethane and methanol (three times for 72 h at room temperature), respectively. DEAm (0.01-1000 μg/mL), fractions (at 174.27 μg/mL), acacetin and ursolic acid (UA) (0.5-500 μM) were evaluated to determine their vasorelaxant effect on ex vivo rat aorta ring model. In vivo UA antihypertensive action was determined on spontaneously hypertensive rats. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION DEAm induced a significant vasorelaxant effect in concentration-dependent and endothelium-independent manners (EC50 = 174.276 ± 5.98 μg/mL) by a calcium channel blockade and potassium channel opening. Bio-guided fractionation allowed to isolate acacetin (112 mg), UA (2.830 g), acacetin/oleanolic acid (OA) (M1) (155 mg) and acacetin/OA/UA (M2) (1.382 g) mixtures, which also showed significant vasodilation. UA significantly diminished diastolic (80 mmHg) and systolic blood pressure (120 mmHg), but heart rate was not modified. CONCLUSION DEAm produced significant vasorelaxant action by myogenic control cation. The presence of acacetin, OA and UA into the extract was substantial for the relaxant activity of DEAm. In vivo antihypertensive action of UA corroborates the use of A. mexicana as an antihypertensive agent on Mexican folk medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angélica Flores-Flores
- a Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos , Cuernavaca , Morelos , Mexico
| | - Oswaldo Hernández-Abreu
- a Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos , Cuernavaca , Morelos , Mexico
| | - María Yolanda Rios
- b Centro de Investigaciones Químicas, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos , Cuernavaca , Morelos , Mexico
| | - Ismael León-Rivera
- b Centro de Investigaciones Químicas, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos , Cuernavaca , Morelos , Mexico
| | - Berenice Aguilar-Guadarrama
- b Centro de Investigaciones Químicas, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos , Cuernavaca , Morelos , Mexico
| | - Patricia Castillo-España
- c Centro de Investigación en Biotecnología, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos , Cuernavaca , Morelos , Mexico
| | - Irene Perea-Arango
- c Centro de Investigación en Biotecnología, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos , Cuernavaca , Morelos , Mexico
| | - Samuel Estrada-Soto
- a Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos , Cuernavaca , Morelos , Mexico
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Gan L, Wang ZH, Zhang H, Zhou X, Zhou H, Sun C, Si J, Zhou R, Ma CJ, Li J. Endothelium-independent vasorelaxant effect of 20(S)-protopanaxadiol on isolated rat thoracic aorta. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2016; 37:1555-1562. [PMID: 27616575 DOI: 10.1038/aps.2016.74] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2016] [Accepted: 06/30/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM Ginsenosides are considered to be the major pharmacologically active ginseng constituents, whereas 20(S)-protopanaxadiol [20(S)-PPD] is the active metabolite of ginsenosides in gut. In this study we investigated the effect of 20(S)-PPD on isolated rat thoracic aortas as well as its vasorelaxant mechanisms. METHODS Aortic rings with or without endothelium were prepared from Wistar rats and suspended in organ-chambers. The changes in tension of the preparations were recorded through isometric transducers connected to a data acquisition system. The aortic rings were precontracted with phenylephrine (PE, 1 μmol/L) or high-K+ (80 mmol/L). RESULTS Application of 20(S)-PPD (21.5-108.5 μmol/L) caused concentration-dependent vasodilation of endothelium-intact aortic rings precontracted with PE or high-K+, which resulted in the EC50 values of 90.4 or 46.5 μmol/L, respectively. The removal of endothelium had no effect on 20(S)-PPD-induced relaxation. The vasorelaxant effect of 20(S)-PPD was also not influenced by the preincubation with β-adrenergic receptor antagonist propranolol, or with ATP-sensitive K+ channel blocker glibenclamide, voltage-dependent K+ channel blocker 4-AP and inward rectifier K+ channel blocker BaCl2, whereas it was significantly attenuated by the preincubation with Ca2+-activated K+ (BKCa) channel blocker TEA (1 mmol/L). Furthermore, the inhibition of NO synthesis, cGMP and prostacyclin pathways did not affect the vasorelaxant effect of 20(S)-PPD. In Ca2+-free solution, 20(S)-PPD (108.5 μmol/L) markedly decreased the extracellular Ca2+-induced contraction in aortic rings precontracted with PE or high-K+ and reduced PE-induced transient contraction. Voltage-dependent Ca2+ channel antagonist nifedipine inhibited PE-induced contraction; further inhibition was observed after the application of receptor-operated Ca2+ channel inhibitor SK&F 96365 or 20(S)-PPD. CONCLUSION 20(S)-PPD induces vasorelaxation via an endothelium-independent pathway. The inhibition of voltage-dependent Ca2+ channels and receptor-operated Ca2+ channels and the activation of Ca2+-activated K+ channels are probably involved in the relaxation.
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Luna-Vázquez FJ, Ibarra-Alvarado C, Rojas-Molina A, Romo-Mancillas A, López-Vallejo FH, Solís-Gutiérrez M, Rojas-Molina JI, Rivero-Cruz F. Role of Nitric Oxide and Hydrogen Sulfide in the Vasodilator Effect of Ursolic Acid and Uvaol from Black Cherry Prunus serotina Fruits. Molecules 2016; 21:78. [PMID: 26771591 PMCID: PMC6273102 DOI: 10.3390/molecules21010078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2015] [Revised: 01/05/2016] [Accepted: 01/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The present research aimed to isolate the non-polar secondary metabolites that produce the vasodilator effects induced by the dichloromethane extract of Prunus serotina (P. serotina) fruits and to determine whether the NO/cGMP and the H2S/KATP channel pathways are involved in their mechanism of action. A bioactivity-directed fractionation of the dichloromethane extract of P. serotina fruits led to the isolation of ursolic acid and uvaol as the main non-polar vasodilator compounds. These compounds showed significant relaxant effect on rat aortic rings in an endothelium- and concentration-dependent manner, which was inhibited by NG-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME), DL-propargylglycine (PAG) and glibenclamide (Gli). Additionally, both triterpenes increased NO and H2S production in aortic tissue. Molecular docking studies showed that ursolic acid and uvaol are able to bind to endothelial NOS and CSE with high affinity for residues that form the oligomeric interface of both enzymes. These results suggest that the vasodilator effect produced by ursolic acid and uvaol contained in P. serotina fruits, involves activation of the NO/cGMP and H2S/KATP channel pathways, possibly through direct activation of NOS and CSE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco J Luna-Vázquez
- Laboratorio de Investigación Química y Farmacológica de Productos Naturales, Facultad de Química, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, Centro Universitario, Querétaro 76010, Mexico.
| | - César Ibarra-Alvarado
- Laboratorio de Investigación Química y Farmacológica de Productos Naturales, Facultad de Química, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, Centro Universitario, Querétaro 76010, Mexico.
| | - Alejandra Rojas-Molina
- Laboratorio de Investigación Química y Farmacológica de Productos Naturales, Facultad de Química, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, Centro Universitario, Querétaro 76010, Mexico.
| | - Antonio Romo-Mancillas
- Laboratorio de Investigación Química y Farmacológica de Productos Naturales, Facultad de Química, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, Centro Universitario, Querétaro 76010, Mexico.
| | - Fabián H López-Vallejo
- Laboratorio de Investigación Química y Farmacológica de Productos Naturales, Facultad de Química, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, Centro Universitario, Querétaro 76010, Mexico.
| | - Mariana Solís-Gutiérrez
- Laboratorio de Investigación Química y Farmacológica de Productos Naturales, Facultad de Química, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, Centro Universitario, Querétaro 76010, Mexico.
| | - Juana I Rojas-Molina
- Laboratorio de Investigación Química y Farmacológica de Productos Naturales, Facultad de Química, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, Centro Universitario, Querétaro 76010, Mexico.
| | - Fausto Rivero-Cruz
- Departamento de Farmacia, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria s/n, México D.F. 04510, Mexico.
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Endothelium-Independent Vasorelaxant Effect of Ligusticum jeholense Root and Rhizoma on Rat Thoracic Aorta. Molecules 2015; 20:10721-33. [PMID: 26065836 PMCID: PMC6272402 DOI: 10.3390/molecules200610721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2015] [Revised: 06/06/2015] [Accepted: 06/08/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Ligusticum jeholense has been used as the traditional medicine ‘Go-Bon’ (Chinese name, Gao-ben) in China and Korea. Considering the increased use of medicinal herbs to treat hypertension, in this study, we aimed to investigate the mechanisms of the vasorelaxation effect caused by L. jeholense. We tested the methanol (MeOH) extract of L. jeholense root and rhizoma for vasorelaxant effects; while using an isolated organ-chamber technique, L. jeholense extract (LJE) induced relaxation in the rat aortic rings by stimulating vascular endothelial and smooth muscle cells. LJE showed concentration-dependent relaxant effects on endothelium-intact and endothelium-denuded aortic rings pre-contracted with both phenylephrine (PE) and potassium chloride (KCl) in Krebs-Henseleit (KH) buffer. The vasorelaxant effect of LJE was partly attenuated by pre-treatment with glibenclamide or 4-aminopyridine (4-AP) as K+ channel blockers. Moreover, LJE showed concentration-dependent inhibition of vasoconstriction by Ca2+ supplementation in the aortic rings that were pre-contracted with PE or KCl in Ca2+-free KH buffer. In addition, a combination of LJE and nifedipine, pre-incubated further, decreased PE-induced contractions. The results suggested that LJE-induced vasorelaxation were related to blocking K+ channels and inhibiting entry of extracellular Ca2+ via receptor-operative Ca2+ channels (ROCCs) or voltage-dependent Ca2+ channels (VDCCs).
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González-Trujano ME, Ponce-Muñoz H, Hidalgo-Figueroa S, Navarrete-Vázquez G, Estrada-Soto S. Depressant effects of Agastache mexicana methanol extract and one of major metabolites tilianin. ASIAN PAC J TROP MED 2015; 8:185-90. [PMID: 25902158 DOI: 10.1016/s1995-7645(14)60312-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2014] [Revised: 01/10/2015] [Accepted: 02/22/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the depressant-like effects and the possible mechanism of action of tilianin isolated from active methanol extract of Agastache mexicana (A. mexicana). Also, to establish the pharmacophoric requirements of tilianin, as a possible ligand of GABAA/BZD receptor, by the alignment of diazepam, CGS-9896 and diindole, using a previously described pharmacophoric model. METHODS Tilianin (30 to 300 mg/kg, ip. and 300 mg/kg, po.) and methanol crude extract (10 to 300 mg/kg, ip. and 300 mg/kg po.) from A. mexicana were evaluated for potential sedative and anxiolytic-like response drugs by using open-field, hole-board, cylinder of exploration, plus-maze and sodium pentobarbital-induced hypnosis mice methods. RESULTS Methanol extract and tilianin showed anxiolytic-like activity from a dosage of 30 mg/kg, ip. or 300 mg/kg, po. and were less potent than diazepam 0.1 mg/kg, a reference anxiolytic drug used. Moreover, depressant activity of both potentiates sodium pentobarbital (SP)-induced sleeping time. The anxiolytic-like effect of 30 mg/kg ip. observed for the extract and tilianin, by using the plus-maze model, was partially prevented in the presence of flumazenil (a GABAA/BZD antagonist, 5 mg/kg ip.) but not in the presence of WAY 100635 (a selective 5-HT1A receptor antagonist, 0.32 mg/kg, ip.). Pharmacophoric modeling alignments of three agonist of GABAA/BZD allow identify seven chemical features. Tilianin contains six of the seven features previously determined. CONCLUSIONS Results indicate that tilianin is one of the bioactive metabolites in the anxiolytic-like activity of A. mexicana, reinforcing its central nervous system uses, where GABAA/BZD, but not 5-HT1A, receptors are partially involved.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Eva González-Trujano
- Laboratorio de Neurofarmacología de Productos Naturales de la Dirección de Investigaciones en Neurociencias. Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría "Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz", México, D.F.14370, México
| | - Hilda Ponce-Muñoz
- Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Cuernavaca, Morelos, México
| | - Sergio Hidalgo-Figueroa
- Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Cuernavaca, Morelos, México
| | | | - Samuel Estrada-Soto
- Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Cuernavaca, Morelos, México.
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Yu N, He C, Awuti G, Zeng C, Xing J, Huang W. Simultaneous Determination of Six Active Compounds in Yixin Badiranjibuya Granules, a Traditional Chinese Medicine, by RP-HPLC-UV Method. JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL METHODS IN CHEMISTRY 2015; 2015:974039. [PMID: 26587308 PMCID: PMC4637494 DOI: 10.1155/2015/974039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2015] [Revised: 08/02/2015] [Accepted: 08/03/2015] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
In this study, a sensitive, precise, and accurate HPLC-UV method was developed and validated to simultaneously determine the six analytes (luteolin-7-O-β-D-glucuronide, apigenin-7-O-β-D-glucuronide, diosmetin-7-O-β-D-glucuronide, acacetin-7-O-β-D-glucuronide, tilianin, and rosmarinic acid) in Yixin Badiranjibuya Granules, in which five analytes (i.e., luteolin-7-O-β-D-glucuronide, apigenin-7-O-β-D-glucuronide, diosmetin-7-O-β-D-glucuronide, acacetin-7-O-β-D-glucuronide, and rosmarinic acid) were determined for the first time in Yixin Badiranjibuya Granules, the content of tilianin in Yixin Badiranjibuya Granules was reported in other literatures, and the content of tilianin in our work was higher than that of the literature reports. The quality of 11 batch samples from four different manufacturers was evaluated using the proposed determination method. The contents of the six analytes were largely different among samples from various manufacturers. Therefore, this determination method can provide a scientific basis for quality evaluation and control of Yixin Badiranjibuya Granules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Yu
- College of Pharmacy, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832002, China
- Xinjiang Institute of Metaria Medica, Urumqi 830004, China
| | - ChenHui He
- Xinjiang Institute of Metaria Medica, Urumqi 830004, China
| | - Gulistan Awuti
- Xinjiang Institute of Metaria Medica, Urumqi 830004, China
| | - Cheng Zeng
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830005, China
| | - JianGuo Xing
- Xinjiang Institute of Metaria Medica, Urumqi 830004, China
- *JianGuo Xing: and
| | - Wei Huang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100052, China
- *Wei Huang:
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Aortic relaxant activity of Crataegus gracilior Phipps and identification of some of its chemical constituents. Molecules 2014; 19:20962-74. [PMID: 25517338 PMCID: PMC6272000 DOI: 10.3390/molecules191220962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2014] [Revised: 12/05/2014] [Accepted: 12/08/2014] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
This study focused on the assessment of the vasorelaxant activity of the organic and aqueous extracts obtained from leaves and fruits of a Mexican hawthorn (Crataegus gracilior) on isolated rat aorta, and on the purification and identification of some of their secondary metabolites by the use of chromatographic and spectroscopic techniques. The results obtained showed that the methanol extract has a significantly more potent and effective vasorelaxant effect than the other tested extracts, with an EC50 = 8.69 ± 4.34 µg/mL and an Emax = 94.6% ± 11.30%, values that are close to that of acetylcholine, the positive control. From the same extract, two major triterpenes were isolated and identified as ursolic and corosolic acids by comparison of their experimental NMR spectroscopic data with those reported in the literature. Chlorogenic acid, rutin, quercetin, kaempferol and (+)-catechin were also identified using HPLC coupled with PDAD. All these compounds have already been proven to possess on their own antihypertensive effect and other benefits on cardiovascular diseases and they can support, at least in part, the traditional use of this plant species.
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The influence of mistletoes on birds in an agricultural landscape of central Mexico. ACTA OECOLOGICA-INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ECOLOGY 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.actao.2014.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Alkaloids from the tribe Bocconieae (papaveraceae): a chemical and biological review. Molecules 2014; 19:13042-60. [PMID: 25157468 PMCID: PMC6271911 DOI: 10.3390/molecules190913042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2014] [Accepted: 08/20/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The Bocconieae tribe, consisting of only the genera Macleaya and Bocconia, possesses significant economic and medicinal value and plays an important role in health management for people in developing countries. During the past decades, research on metabolites and relative pharmacology, including the isolation and identification of a variety of molecules, has shed light on the tribe. Among those molecules, isoquinoline alkaloids, and their antimicrobial, antifungal, and anti-inflammatory activities are especially noteworthy. This paper presents a comprehensive compilation of current research progress, with emphasis on the alkaloids and their distribution, phytochemical and pharmacological investigation, toxicity and side effects, related chemotaxonomy and future use prospects, and hopefully provides a valuable reference as an effort to promote further exploration and application of this tribe.
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Zielińska S, Matkowski A. Phytochemistry and bioactivity of aromatic and medicinal plants from the genus Agastache ( Lamiaceae). PHYTOCHEMISTRY REVIEWS : PROCEEDINGS OF THE PHYTOCHEMICAL SOCIETY OF EUROPE 2014; 13:391-416. [PMID: 24899872 PMCID: PMC4032471 DOI: 10.1007/s11101-014-9349-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2013] [Accepted: 03/25/2014] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Agastache is a small genus of Lamiaceae, comprising 22 species of perennial aromatic medicinal herbs. In this article, we review recent advances in phytochemical, pharmacological, biotechnological and molecular research on Agastache. The phytochemical profile of all Agastache species studied to date is generally similar, consisted of two main metabolic classes-phenylpropanoids and terpenoids. In the relatively variable essential oils, most populations of different Agastache species contain over 50 % of a phenylallyl compound-estragole. Also, other volatile compounds (methyleugenol, pulegone, menthone, isomenthone and spathulenol) were reported in various proportions. Major non-volatile metabolites belong to phenolic compounds, such as caffeic acid derivatives, especially rosmarinic acid as well as several flavones and flavone glycosides like acacetin, tilianin, agastachoside, and a rare dimeric malonyl flavone (agastachin). Two unique lignans-agastenol and agastinol-were also isolated. Terpenoids include triterpenoids of oleanane-type (maslinic acid, oleanolic acid and β-amyrin), ursane-type (ursolic acid, corosolic acid and α-amyrin), and typical plant sterols, as well as abietane-type oxidized diterpenes (e.g., agastaquinone, agastol, and others). The bioactivity of various extracts or individual compounds in vitro and in vivo include antimicrobial, antiviral and anti-mutagenic activity, cytotoxic activity to cancer cell lines, and anti-nociceptive, anti-inflammatory, anti-atherogenic, antioxidant as well as biocidal activity to several foodstuff pests. Biotechnological and molecular studies have focused on in vitro propagation and enhancing the biosynthesis of bioactive metabolites in cell or organ cultures, as well as on the expression of genes involved in phenolic biosynthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylwia Zielińska
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology and Botany, Medical University of Wroclaw, Borowska 211, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Adam Matkowski
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology and Botany, Medical University of Wroclaw, Borowska 211, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland
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Lei QF, Zhao XL, Xu LJ, Peng Y, Xiao PG. Chemical Constituents of Plants from Tribe Chelidonieae and their Bioactivities. CHINESE HERBAL MEDICINES 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/s1674-6384(14)60001-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
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