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Jiang J, Xu H, Cao X, Liang Y, Mo A, Cao X, Liu Y, Benbow ME, Criddle CS, Wu WM, He D. Soil-dwelling grub larvae of Protaetia brevitarsis biodegrade polystyrene: Responses of gut microbiome and host metabolism. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 934:173399. [PMID: 38781836 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.173399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2024] [Revised: 05/18/2024] [Accepted: 05/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Plastic pollution poses a significant threat to terrestrial ecosystems, yet the potential for soil fauna to contribute to plastic biodegradation remains largely unexplored. In this study, we reveal that soil-dwelling grubs, Protaetia brevitarsis larvae, can effectively biodegrade polystyrene (PS) plastics. Over a period of 4 weeks, these grubs achieved a remarkable 61.5 % reduction in PS foam mass. This biodegradation was confirmed by the depolymerization of ingested PS, formation of oxidative functional groups, noticeable chemical modifications, and an increase of δ13C of residual PS in frass. Additionally, antibiotic treatment to suppress gut microbes led to variations in the biodegradation process. PS ingestion induced a significant shift in the gut microbiome, promoting the growth of degradation-related bacteria such as Promicromonosporaceae, Bacillaceae, and Paenibacillaceae. Furthermore, the digestion of plastic triggered extensive metabolomic reprogramming of grubs' intestines, enhancing redox capabilities and facilitating PS biodegradation. These results indicate that responsive adaptation of both the gut microbiome and the host's intestinal metabolism contributes to PS degradation. Collectively, these findings demonstrate P. brevitarsis larvae's capability to alleviate soil plastic pollution, and highlight the potential of researching soil fauna further for sustainable plastic waste management solutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Jiang
- School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Biotransformation of Organic Solid Waste, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory for Urban Ecological Processes and Eco-Restoration, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Haowen Xu
- School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, 999077, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xiaomu Cao
- School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Biotransformation of Organic Solid Waste, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory for Urban Ecological Processes and Eco-Restoration, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Yuqing Liang
- School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Biotransformation of Organic Solid Waste, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Aoyun Mo
- School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Biotransformation of Organic Solid Waste, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Xuelong Cao
- School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Biotransformation of Organic Solid Waste, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory for Urban Ecological Processes and Eco-Restoration, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Yan Liu
- School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Biotransformation of Organic Solid Waste, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory for Urban Ecological Processes and Eco-Restoration, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Mark Eric Benbow
- Department of Entomology and Department of Osteopathic Medical Specialties, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Craig S Criddle
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, William & Cloy Codiga Resource Recovery Center, Center for Sustainable Development & Global Competitiveness, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305-4020, USA
| | - Wei-Min Wu
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, William & Cloy Codiga Resource Recovery Center, Center for Sustainable Development & Global Competitiveness, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305-4020, USA.
| | - Defu He
- School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Biotransformation of Organic Solid Waste, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory for Urban Ecological Processes and Eco-Restoration, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China.
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Stouffer M, Wandling E, Dickson L, Lin S, Duan H, Powe E, Jean‐Louis D, Tiwari AK, Amos S. Gedunin modulates cellular growth and apoptosis in glioblastoma cell lines. Cancer Rep (Hoboken) 2024; 7:e2051. [PMID: 38702989 PMCID: PMC11069102 DOI: 10.1002/cnr2.2051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Revised: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Glioblastomas are characterized by aggressive behavior. Surgery, radiotherapy, and alkylating agents, including temozolomide are the most common treatment options for glioblastoma. Often, conventional therapies fail to treat these tumors since they develop drug resistance. There is a need for newer agents to combat this deadly tumor. Natural products such as gedunin have shown efficacy in several human diseases. A comprehensive study of gedunin, an heat shock protein (HSP)90 inhibitor, has not been thoroughly investigated in glioblastoma cell lines with different genetic modifications. AIMS A key objective of this study was to determine how gedunin affects the biological and signaling mechanisms in glioblastoma cells, and to determine how those mechanisms affect the proliferation and apoptosis of glioblastoma cells. METHODS The viability potentials of gedunin were tested using MTT, cell counts, and wound healing assays. Gedunin's effects on glioma cells were further validated using LDH and colony formation assays. In addition, we investigated the survival and apoptotic molecular signaling targets perturbed by gedunin using Western blot analysis and flow cytometry. RESULTS Our results show that there was a reduction in cell viability and inhibition of wound healing in the cells tested. Western blot analysis of the gene expression data revealed genes such as EGFR and mTOR/Akt/NF kappa B to be associated with gedunin sensitivity. Gedunin treatment induced apoptosis by cleaving poly ADP-ribose polymerase, activating caspases, and downregulating BCL-xL. Based on these results, gedunin suppressed cell growth and HSP client proteins, resulting in apoptosis in glioblastoma cell lines. CONCLUSION Our data provide in vitro support for the anticancer activity of gedunin in glioma cells by downregulating cancer survival proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Stouffer
- Department of Pharmaceutical SciencesCedarville University School of Pharmacy, Cedarville UniversityCedarvilleOhioUSA
| | - Elizabeth Wandling
- Department of Pharmaceutical SciencesCedarville University School of Pharmacy, Cedarville UniversityCedarvilleOhioUSA
| | - Lindsay Dickson
- Department of Pharmaceutical SciencesCedarville University School of Pharmacy, Cedarville UniversityCedarvilleOhioUSA
| | - Stacy Lin
- Department of Pharmaceutical SciencesCedarville University School of Pharmacy, Cedarville UniversityCedarvilleOhioUSA
| | - Huanyun Duan
- Department of Pharmaceutical SciencesCedarville University School of Pharmacy, Cedarville UniversityCedarvilleOhioUSA
| | - Erika Powe
- Department of Pharmaceutical SciencesCedarville University School of Pharmacy, Cedarville UniversityCedarvilleOhioUSA
| | - Denise Jean‐Louis
- Department of Pharmaceutical SciencesCedarville University School of Pharmacy, Cedarville UniversityCedarvilleOhioUSA
| | - Amit K. Tiwari
- Department of Pharmaceutical SciencesCollege of Pharmacy, University of Arkansas for Medical SciencesLittle RockArkansasUSA
| | - Samson Amos
- Department of Pharmaceutical SciencesCedarville University School of Pharmacy, Cedarville UniversityCedarvilleOhioUSA
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Guo Q, Zhao M, Wang Q, Lu T, Luo P, Chen L, Xia F, Pang H, Shen S, Cheng G, Dai C, Meng Y, Zhong T, Qiu C, Wang J. Glycyrrhetinic acid inhibits non-small cell lung cancer via promotion of Prdx6- and caspase-3-mediated mitochondrial apoptosis. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 173:116304. [PMID: 38401519 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Revised: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 02/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Glycyrrhetinic acid (GA) shows great efficiency against non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), but the detailed mechanism is unclear, which has limited its clinical application. Herein, we investigated the potential targets of GA against NSCLC by activity-based protein profiling (ABPP) technology and the combination of histopathology and proteomics validation. In vitro and in vivo results indicated GA significantly inhibited NSCLC via promotion of peroxiredoxin-6 (Prdx6) and caspase-3 (Casp3)-mediated mitochondrial apoptosis. This original finding will provide theoretical and data support to improve the treatment of NSCLC with the application of GA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuyan Guo
- State Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-di Herbs, Artemisinin Research Center, and Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Minghong Zhao
- First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, No. 23, Qingnian Road, Ganzhou, Jiangxi 341000, China
| | - Qixin Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-di Herbs, Artemisinin Research Center, and Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Tianming Lu
- State Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-di Herbs, Artemisinin Research Center, and Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Piao Luo
- State Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-di Herbs, Artemisinin Research Center, and Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Lin Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-di Herbs, Artemisinin Research Center, and Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Fei Xia
- State Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-di Herbs, Artemisinin Research Center, and Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Huanhuan Pang
- State Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-di Herbs, Artemisinin Research Center, and Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Shengnan Shen
- State Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-di Herbs, Artemisinin Research Center, and Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Guangqing Cheng
- State Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-di Herbs, Artemisinin Research Center, and Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Chuanhao Dai
- State Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-di Herbs, Artemisinin Research Center, and Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Yuqing Meng
- State Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-di Herbs, Artemisinin Research Center, and Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Tianyu Zhong
- First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, No. 23, Qingnian Road, Ganzhou, Jiangxi 341000, China.
| | - Chong Qiu
- State Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-di Herbs, Artemisinin Research Center, and Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China.
| | - Jigang Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-di Herbs, Artemisinin Research Center, and Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China; Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shenzhen Institute of Respiratory Diseases, and Shenzhen Clinical Research Centre for Geriatrics, Shenzhen People's Hospital; First Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology; Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University, Shenzhen, 518020, China.
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Hago S, Lu T, Alzain AA, Abdelgadir AA, Yassin S, Ahmed EM, Xu H. Phytochemical constituents, in-vitro anticancer activity and computational studies of Cymbopogon schoenanthus. Nat Prod Res 2024; 38:1073-1079. [PMID: 37144384 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2023.2208360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
The cytotoxic effects of Cymbopogon schoenanthus L. aerial part ethanol extract were examined against some cancer cell lines, and HUVEC normal cell lines using MTT assay. The ethanolic extract was prepared by ultrasonic-assisted extraction and analyzed by GC-MS and HPLC. The extract was found to be rich in terpene compounds. The extract proved to be highly selective and effective against breast and prostate cancer cell lines (MDA-MB-435, MCF-7, and DU 145) with IC50 as low as 0.7913 ± 0.14, 12.841 ± 0.21, and 30.51 ± 0.18 µg/ml, respectively. In silico modeling was performed to investigate the binding orientation and affinity of the major identified compounds against Polo-like kinase (PLK1 protein) a cancer molecular target using molecular docking and molecular dynamic whereas eudesm-5-en-11-ol, piperitone, and 2,3-dihydrobenzofuran displayed better binding affinity and stability against PLK1 compared to the reference drug. These findings encourage further in vivo studies to assess the anti-cancer effects of C. schoenanthus extract and its components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salma Hago
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Gezira, Wad Madani, Gezira State, Sudan
| | - Tang Lu
- The Engineering Research Center of Peptide Drug Discovery and Development, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Abdulrahim A Alzain
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Gezira, Wad Madani, Gezira State, Sudan
| | - Abdelgadir A Abdelgadir
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Gezira, Wad Madani, Gezira State, Sudan
| | - Sitelbanat Yassin
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Gezira, Wad Madani, Gezira State, Sudan
| | - Elhadi M Ahmed
- Medicinal and Aromatic Plant Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Gezira University, Wad Madani, Gezira State, Sudan
| | - Hanmei Xu
- The Engineering Research Center of Peptide Drug Discovery and Development, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, P.R. China
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Xu R, Kuang M, Li N. Phytochemistry and pharmacology of plants in the genus Chaenomeles. Arch Pharm Res 2023; 46:825-854. [PMID: 38062238 DOI: 10.1007/s12272-023-01475-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/25/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
Chaenomeles plants belong to the Rosaceae family and include five species, Chaenomeles speciosa (Sweet) Nakai, Chaenomeles sinensis (Thouin) Koehne, Chaenomeles japonica (Thunb.) Lindl, Chaenomeles cathayensis (Hemsl.) Schneid and Chaenomeles thibetica Yu. Chaenomeles plants are found and cultivated in nearly every country worldwide. China serves as both the origin and distribution hub for the plants in the Chaenomeles genus, and all Chaenomeles species except for C. japonica are indigenous to China. Chaenomeles spp. is a type of edible medicinal plant that has been traditionally used in China to treat various ailments, such as rheumatism, cholera, dysentery, enteritis, beriberi, and scurvy. A variety of chemical constituents have been extracted from this genus, including terpenoids, phenolics, flavonoids, phenylpropanoids and their derivatives, benzoic acid derivatives, biphenyls, oxylipins, and alkaloids. The biological activity of some of these constituents has already been evaluated. Pharmacological investigations have demonstrated that the plants in the genus Chaenomeles exhibit anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antioxidant, antihyperglycemic, antihyperlipidemic, gastrointestinal protective, antitumor, immunomodulatory, antibacterial, antiviral, hepatoprotective, neuroprotective and other pharmacological activities. The objective of this review is to provide a comprehensive and up-to-date summary of the available information on the genus Chaenomeles to serve as a valuable reference for further investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruoling Xu
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Bioactivity of Natural Products, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Mengting Kuang
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Bioactivity of Natural Products, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Ning Li
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Bioactivity of Natural Products, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China.
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Grudzińska M, Stachnik B, Galanty A, Sołtys A, Podolak I. Progress in Antimelanoma Research of Natural Triterpenoids and Their Derivatives: Mechanisms of Action, Bioavailability Enhancement and Structure Modifications. Molecules 2023; 28:7763. [PMID: 38067491 PMCID: PMC10707933 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28237763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Revised: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Melanoma is one of the most dangerous forms of skin cancer, characterized by early metastasis and rapid development. In search for effective treatment options, much attention is given to triterpenoids of plant origin, which are considered promising drug candidates due to their well described anticancer properties and relatively low toxicity. This paper comprehensively summarizes the antimelanoma potential of natural triterpenoids, that are also used as scaffolds for the development of more effective derivatives. These include betulin, betulinic acid, ursolic acid, maslinic acid, oleanolic acid, celastrol and lupeol. Some lesser-known triterpenoids that deserve attention in this context are 22β-hydroxytingenone, cucurbitacins, geoditin A and ganoderic acids. Recently described mechanisms of action are presented, together with the results of preclinical in vitro and in vivo studies, as well as the use of drug delivery systems and pharmaceutical technologies to improve the bioavailability of triterpenoids. This paper also reviews the most promising structural modifications, based on structure-activity observations. In conclusion, triterpenoids of plant origin and some of their semi-synthetic derivatives exert significant cytotoxic, antiproliferative and chemopreventive effects that can be beneficial for melanoma treatment. Recent data indicate that their poor solubility in water, and thus low bioavailability, can be overcome by complexing with cyclodextrins, or the use of nanoparticles and ethosomes, thus making these compounds promising antimelanoma drug candidates for further development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Grudzińska
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Kraków, Poland; (M.G.); (B.S.); (A.S.); (I.P.)
- Department of Food Chemistry and Nutrition, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Kraków, Poland
- Doctoral School of Medical and Health Sciences, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Łazarza 16, 31-530 Kraków, Poland
| | - Bogna Stachnik
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Kraków, Poland; (M.G.); (B.S.); (A.S.); (I.P.)
| | - Agnieszka Galanty
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Kraków, Poland; (M.G.); (B.S.); (A.S.); (I.P.)
| | - Agnieszka Sołtys
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Kraków, Poland; (M.G.); (B.S.); (A.S.); (I.P.)
| | - Irma Podolak
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Kraków, Poland; (M.G.); (B.S.); (A.S.); (I.P.)
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Nayila I, Sharif S, Lodhi MS, Rehman MFU, Aman F. Synthesis, characterization and anti-breast cancer potential of an incensole acetate nanoemulsion from Catharanthus roseus essential oil; in silico, in vitro, and in vivo study. RSC Adv 2023; 13:32335-32362. [PMID: 37928847 PMCID: PMC10621725 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra06335f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The characteristics of phytocompounds and essential oils have undergone extensive research in the medical and pharmaceutical sectors due to their extensive usage. In spite of the fact that these molecules are widely used, terpenes, terpenoids, and their derivatives have not yet been well characterized. This study intends to evaluate the prospective activity of incensole acetate (IA), a compound identified and isolated from Catharanthus roseus essential oil by GC/MS analysis and column chromatography, and to analyze the anticancer effect of an IA biosynthesized nanoemulsion against breast cancer. The in silico activity of IA against breast cancer targets was observed by molecular docking, ADMET assessment and molecular dynamics simulations. The IA-mediated nanoformulation exhibited cytotoxicity against breast cancer cell lines at an effective concentration when analyzed by MTT and crystal violet assay. The increased interleukin serum indicators were significantly improved as a result of nanoemulsion treatment in a DMBA-induced rat model. In addition, the anticancer properties of IA biosynthesized nanoemulsion are supported due to their potential effects on biochemical parameters, oxidative stress markers, proinflammatory cytokines, and upon tumor growth profiling in cancer-induced rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iffat Nayila
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, The University of Lahore Lahore Pakistan
| | - Sumaira Sharif
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, The University of Lahore Lahore Pakistan
| | - Madeeha Shahzad Lodhi
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, The University of Lahore Lahore Pakistan
| | | | - Farhana Aman
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Lahore Sargodha Campus Sargodha Pakistan
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Qadir A, Ullah SNMN, Gupta DK, Khan N, Warsi MH, Kamal M. Combinatorial drug-loaded quality by design adapted transliposome gel formulation for dermal delivery: In vitro and dermatokinetic study. J Cosmet Dermatol 2023; 22:2839-2851. [PMID: 37309263 DOI: 10.1111/jocd.15792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2022] [Revised: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ursolic acid is a powerful drug that possesses many therapeutic properties, such as hepatoprotection, immunomodulation, anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic, antibacterial, antiviral, antiulcer, and anticancer activity. Centella asiatica (L.) Urban (Umbelliferae) contains a triterpene called asiatic acid, which has been used effectively in traditional Chinese and Indian medicine system for centuries. Anticancer, anti-inflammatory, and neuroprotective properties are only some of the many pharmacological actions previously attributed to asiatic acid . AIM The present work developed an optimized combinatorial drug-loaded nano-formulation by Quality by design approach. MATERIALS AND METHODS The optimize transliposome for accentuated dermal delivery of dual drug. The optimization of drug-loaded transliposome was done using the "Box-Behnken design." The optimized formulation was characterized for vesicles size, entrapment efficiency (%), and in vitro drug release. Additionally, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM), and dermatokinetic study were performed for further evaluation of drug-loaded optimized transliposome formulation. RESULTS The optimized combinatorial drug-loaded transliposome formulation showed a particle size of 86.36 ± 2.54 nm, polydispersity index (PDI) 0.230 ± 0.008, and an entrapment efficiency of 87.43 ± 2.66% which depicted good entrapment efficiency. In vitro drug release of ursolic acid and asiatic acid transliposomes was found to be 85.12 ± 2.54% and 80.23 ± 3.23%, respectively, as compared to optimized ursolic acid and asiatic acid transliposome gel drug release that was 67.18 ± 2.85% and 60.28 ± 4.12%, respectively. The skin permeation study of ursolic and asiatic acid conventional formulation was only 32.48 ± 2.42%, compared with optimized combinatorial drug-loaded transliposome gel (79.83 ± 4.52%) at 12 h. After applying combinatorial drug-loaded transliposome gel, rhodamine was able to more easily cross rat skin, as observed by confocal laser scanning microscopy, in comparison with when the rhodamine control solution was used. DISCUSSION The UA_AA-TL gel formulation absorbed more ursolic acid and asiatic acid than the UA_AA-CF gel formulation, as per dermatokinetic study. Even after being incorporated into transliposome vesicles, the antioxidant effects of ursolic and asiatic acid were still detectable. In most cases, transliposomes vesicular systems generate depots in the skin's deeper layers and gradually release the medicine over time, allowing for fewer applications. CONCLUSION In overall our studies, it may be concluded that developed dual drug-loaded transliposomal formulation has great potential for effective topical drug delivery for skin cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdul Qadir
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education & Research, New Delhi, India
- Department of Research and Developments, Herbalfarm Lifecare Private Limited, New Delhi, India
| | | | - Dipak Kumar Gupta
- Department of Research and Developments, Herbalfarm Lifecare Private Limited, New Delhi, India
| | - Nausheen Khan
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, School of pharmaceutical education and research, New Delhi, India
| | - Musarrat Husain Warsi
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mehnaz Kamal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia
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Huang M, Guo J, Jia Y, Liao C, He L, Li J, Wei Y, Chen S, Chen J, Shang K, Guo R, Ding K, Yu Z. A Bacillus subtilis Strain ZJ20 with AFB1 Detoxification Ability: A Comprehensive Analysis. BIOLOGY 2023; 12:1195. [PMID: 37759594 PMCID: PMC10525747 DOI: 10.3390/biology12091195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2023] [Revised: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
As a class I carcinogen, aflatoxin can cause serious damage to various tissues and organs through oxidative stress injuries. The liver, as the target organ of AFB1, is the most seriously damaged. Biological methods are commonly used to degrade AFB1. In our study, the aflatoxin B1-degrading strain ZJ20 was screened from AFB1-contaminated feed and soil, and the degradation of AFB1 by ZJ20 was investigated. The whole genome of strain ZJ20 was analyzed, revealing the genomic complexity of strain ZJ20. The 16S rRNA analysis of strain ZJ20 showed 100% identity to Bacillus subtilis IAM 12118. Through whole gene functional annotation, it was determined that ZJ20 has high antioxidant activity and enzymatic activity; more than 100 CAZymes and 11 gene clusters are involved in the production of secondary metabolites with antimicrobial properties. In addition, B. subtilis ZJ20 was predicted to contain a cluster of genes encoding AFB1-degrading enzymes, including chitinase, laccase, lactonase, and manganese oxidase. The comprehensive analysis of B. subtilis provides a theoretical basis for the subsequent development of the biological functions of ZJ20 and the combinatorial enzyme degradation of AFB1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meixue Huang
- Luoyang Key Laboratory of Live Carrier Biomaterial and Animal Disease Prevention and Control, College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471023, China; (M.H.); (J.G.); (Y.J.); (C.L.); (L.H.); (J.L.); (Y.W.); (S.C.); (J.C.); (K.S.); (R.G.)
- Laboratory of Functional Microbiology and Animal Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471003, China
| | - Jing Guo
- Luoyang Key Laboratory of Live Carrier Biomaterial and Animal Disease Prevention and Control, College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471023, China; (M.H.); (J.G.); (Y.J.); (C.L.); (L.H.); (J.L.); (Y.W.); (S.C.); (J.C.); (K.S.); (R.G.)
- Laboratory of Functional Microbiology and Animal Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471003, China
| | - Yanyan Jia
- Luoyang Key Laboratory of Live Carrier Biomaterial and Animal Disease Prevention and Control, College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471023, China; (M.H.); (J.G.); (Y.J.); (C.L.); (L.H.); (J.L.); (Y.W.); (S.C.); (J.C.); (K.S.); (R.G.)
- Laboratory of Functional Microbiology and Animal Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471003, China
| | - Chengshui Liao
- Luoyang Key Laboratory of Live Carrier Biomaterial and Animal Disease Prevention and Control, College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471023, China; (M.H.); (J.G.); (Y.J.); (C.L.); (L.H.); (J.L.); (Y.W.); (S.C.); (J.C.); (K.S.); (R.G.)
- Laboratory of Functional Microbiology and Animal Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471003, China
| | - Lei He
- Luoyang Key Laboratory of Live Carrier Biomaterial and Animal Disease Prevention and Control, College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471023, China; (M.H.); (J.G.); (Y.J.); (C.L.); (L.H.); (J.L.); (Y.W.); (S.C.); (J.C.); (K.S.); (R.G.)
- Laboratory of Functional Microbiology and Animal Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471003, China
| | - Jing Li
- Luoyang Key Laboratory of Live Carrier Biomaterial and Animal Disease Prevention and Control, College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471023, China; (M.H.); (J.G.); (Y.J.); (C.L.); (L.H.); (J.L.); (Y.W.); (S.C.); (J.C.); (K.S.); (R.G.)
- Laboratory of Functional Microbiology and Animal Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471003, China
| | - Ying Wei
- Luoyang Key Laboratory of Live Carrier Biomaterial and Animal Disease Prevention and Control, College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471023, China; (M.H.); (J.G.); (Y.J.); (C.L.); (L.H.); (J.L.); (Y.W.); (S.C.); (J.C.); (K.S.); (R.G.)
- Laboratory of Functional Microbiology and Animal Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471003, China
| | - Songbiao Chen
- Luoyang Key Laboratory of Live Carrier Biomaterial and Animal Disease Prevention and Control, College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471023, China; (M.H.); (J.G.); (Y.J.); (C.L.); (L.H.); (J.L.); (Y.W.); (S.C.); (J.C.); (K.S.); (R.G.)
- Laboratory of Functional Microbiology and Animal Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471003, China
| | - Jian Chen
- Luoyang Key Laboratory of Live Carrier Biomaterial and Animal Disease Prevention and Control, College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471023, China; (M.H.); (J.G.); (Y.J.); (C.L.); (L.H.); (J.L.); (Y.W.); (S.C.); (J.C.); (K.S.); (R.G.)
- Laboratory of Functional Microbiology and Animal Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471003, China
| | - Ke Shang
- Luoyang Key Laboratory of Live Carrier Biomaterial and Animal Disease Prevention and Control, College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471023, China; (M.H.); (J.G.); (Y.J.); (C.L.); (L.H.); (J.L.); (Y.W.); (S.C.); (J.C.); (K.S.); (R.G.)
- Laboratory of Functional Microbiology and Animal Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471003, China
| | - Rongxian Guo
- Luoyang Key Laboratory of Live Carrier Biomaterial and Animal Disease Prevention and Control, College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471023, China; (M.H.); (J.G.); (Y.J.); (C.L.); (L.H.); (J.L.); (Y.W.); (S.C.); (J.C.); (K.S.); (R.G.)
- Laboratory of Functional Microbiology and Animal Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471003, China
| | - Ke Ding
- Luoyang Key Laboratory of Live Carrier Biomaterial and Animal Disease Prevention and Control, College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471023, China; (M.H.); (J.G.); (Y.J.); (C.L.); (L.H.); (J.L.); (Y.W.); (S.C.); (J.C.); (K.S.); (R.G.)
- Laboratory of Functional Microbiology and Animal Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471003, China
| | - Zuhua Yu
- Luoyang Key Laboratory of Live Carrier Biomaterial and Animal Disease Prevention and Control, College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471023, China; (M.H.); (J.G.); (Y.J.); (C.L.); (L.H.); (J.L.); (Y.W.); (S.C.); (J.C.); (K.S.); (R.G.)
- Laboratory of Functional Microbiology and Animal Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471003, China
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10
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Lima LTFD, Ganzella FADO, Cardoso GC, Pires VDS, Chequin A, Santos GL, Braun-Prado K, Galindo CM, Braz Junior O, Molento MB, Acco A, Adami ER, Costa ET, Cavichiolo Franco CR, Klassen G, Ramos EADS. l-carvone decreases breast cancer cells adhesion, migration, and invasion by suppressing FAK activation. Chem Biol Interact 2023; 378:110480. [PMID: 37059214 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2023.110480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Revised: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/16/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer is one of the most common types of cancer in the world and current therapeutic strategies present severe drawbacks. l-carvone (CRV), a monoterpene found in Mentha spicata (spearmint), has been reported to have potent anti-inflammatory activity. Here, we examined the role of CRV in breast cancer cell adhesion, migration and invasion in vitro and how this component could suppress the growth of Ehrlich carcinoma-bearing mice. In vivo, treatment with CRV significantly decreased tumor growth, increased tumor necrosis area, and reduced the expression of VEGF and HIF-1α in Ehrlich carcinoma-bearing mice. Furthermore, the anticancer efficacy of CRV was similar to currently used chemotherapy (Methotrexate), and the combination of CRV with MTX potentiated the chemotherapy effects. Further mechanistic investigation in vitro revealed that CRV modulates the interaction of breast cancer cells with the extracellular matrix (ECM) by disrupting focal adhesion, which was shown by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and immunofluorescence. Moreover, CRV caused a decrease in β1-integrin expression and inhibited focal adhesion kinase (FAK) activation. FAK is one of the most important downstream activators of several metastatic processes, including MMP-2 mediated invasion and HIF-1α/VEGF angiogenesis stimulus, both of which were found to be reduced in MDA-MB-231 cells exposed to CRV. Our results provide new insight about targeting β1-integrin/FAK signaling pathway with CRV, which could be a new potential agent in the treatment of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas Trevisan França de Lima
- Pos-graduate Program of Microbiology, Parasitology and Pathology, Federal University of Parana, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | | | - Gabriela Casani Cardoso
- Pos-graduate Program of Microbiology, Parasitology and Pathology, Federal University of Parana, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Verônica Dos Santos Pires
- Pos-graduate Program of Microbiology, Parasitology and Pathology, Federal University of Parana, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Andressa Chequin
- Pos-graduate Program of Microbiology, Parasitology and Pathology, Federal University of Parana, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Giulia Luiza Santos
- Molecular Oncology Center, Research and Education Institute, Hospital Sirio-Libanes, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Karin Braun-Prado
- Department of Basic Pathology, Federal University of Parana, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | | | - Odair Braz Junior
- Pos-graduate Program of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Parana, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Beltrão Molento
- Pos-graduate Program of Microbiology, Parasitology and Pathology, Federal University of Parana, Curitiba, PR, Brazil; Department of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Parana, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Alexandra Acco
- Pos-graduate Program of Pharmacology, Federal University of Parana, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Eliana Rezende Adami
- Pos-graduate Program of Pharmacology, Federal University of Parana, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Erico Tosoni Costa
- Molecular Oncology Center, Research and Education Institute, Hospital Sirio-Libanes, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Giseli Klassen
- Pos-graduate Program of Microbiology, Parasitology and Pathology, Federal University of Parana, Curitiba, PR, Brazil; Department of Basic Pathology, Federal University of Parana, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Edneia Amancio de Souza Ramos
- Pos-graduate Program of Microbiology, Parasitology and Pathology, Federal University of Parana, Curitiba, PR, Brazil; Department of Basic Pathology, Federal University of Parana, Curitiba, PR, Brazil.
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Tabolacci C, De Vita D, Facchiano A, Bozzuto G, Beninati S, Failla CM, Di Martile M, Lintas C, Mischiati C, Stringaro A, Del Bufalo D, Facchiano F. Phytochemicals as Immunomodulatory Agents in Melanoma. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24032657. [PMID: 36768978 PMCID: PMC9916941 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Revised: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Cutaneous melanoma is an immunogenic highly heterogenic tumor characterized by poor outcomes when it is diagnosed late. Therefore, immunotherapy in combination with other anti-proliferative approaches is among the most effective weapons to control its growth and metastatic dissemination. Recently, a large amount of published reports indicate the interest of researchers and clinicians about plant secondary metabolites as potentially useful therapeutic tools due to their lower presence of side effects coupled with their high potency and efficacy. Published evidence was reported in most cases through in vitro studies but also, with a growing body of evidence, through in vivo investigations. Our aim was, therefore, to review the published studies focused on the most interesting phytochemicals whose immunomodulatory activities and/or mechanisms of actions were demonstrated and applied to melanoma models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudio Tabolacci
- Department of Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Rome, Italy
- Correspondence:
| | - Daniela De Vita
- Department of Environmental Biology, University of Rome La Sapienza, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | | | - Giuseppina Bozzuto
- National Center for Drug Research and Evaluation, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Simone Beninati
- Department of Biology, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | | | - Marta Di Martile
- Preclinical Models and New Therapeutic Agents Unit, Department of Research and Advanced Technologies, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144 Rome, Italy
| | - Carla Lintas
- Research Unit of Medical Genetics, Department of Medicine, Università Campus Bio-Medico, 00128 Rome, Italy
- Operative Research Unit of Medical Genetics, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, 00128 Rome, Italy
| | - Carlo Mischiati
- Department of Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, School of Medicine, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Annarita Stringaro
- National Center for Drug Research and Evaluation, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Donatella Del Bufalo
- Preclinical Models and New Therapeutic Agents Unit, Department of Research and Advanced Technologies, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144 Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Facchiano
- Department of Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Rome, Italy
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12
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The Anti-Inflammatory and Antithrombotic Properties of Bioactives from Orange, Sanguine and Clementine Juices and from Their Remaining By-Products. BEVERAGES 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/beverages8030039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
The anti-oxidant properties of vitamin C and of phenolic compounds of citrus fruits are well established. However, the evaluation of the anti-inflammatory and antithrombotic potential of both vitamin C and of the more amphiphilic and lipophilic components of citrus fruits needs further attention. In this study, the anti-inflammatory and antithrombotic properties of vitamin C and of freshly squeezed juices and their lipid bioactives from the Navalina and Sanguine orange varieties and the Clementine variety of mandarins, as well as from their remaining by-products, were evaluated against the inflammatory and thrombotic pathways of the platelet-activating factor (PAF) and thrombin in platelets, as well as against PAF-biosynthesis in leukocytes. The non-oxidized juices of these citrus fruits and a vitamin C supplement showed stronger anti-PAF and antithrombin effects than their oxidized versions through their general anti-oxidant effect in platelets. The total lipids (TLs) and the HPLC-derived fractions of phenolic compounds and of polar lipid bioactives from both juices and their peels’ by-products showed a more specific stronger inhibitory effect against the inflammatory and thrombotic pathways of PAF and thrombin in platelets, while these bioactives strongly inhibited also the specific enzyme activities of the main biosynthetic enzymes of PAF in leukocytes. The stronger bioactivity of the dietary bioactives found in the juices of these citrus fruits against specific biochemical pathways of inflammation and thrombosis seems to act with synergy with the anti-oxidant potential of their vitamin C content, which further supports the notion that these juices are functional foods with anti-inflammatory protective health benefits. In addition, the presence of these dietary bioactive phenolic compounds and polar lipid bioactives in the remaining peels’ wastes further enhance the valorization of such food industry by-products as potential sources of anti-inflammatory bioactives to be used as ingredients for novel functional products.
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Hamedi A, Bayat M, Asemani Y, Amirghofran Z. A review of potential anti-cancer properties of some selected medicinal plants grown in Iran. J Herb Med 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hermed.2022.100557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Neomenthol prevents the proliferation of skin cancer cells by restraining tubulin polymerization and hyaluronidase activity. J Adv Res 2022; 34:93-107. [PMID: 35024183 PMCID: PMC8655237 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2021.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2020] [Revised: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Neomenthol, a cyclic monoterpenoid, is a stereoisomer of menthol present in the essential oil of Mentha spp. It is used in food as a flavoring agent, in cosmetics and medicines because of its cooling effects. However, neomenthol has not been much explored for its anticancer potential. Additionally, targeting hyaluronidase, Cathepsin-D, and ODC by phytochemicals is amongst the efficient approach for cancer prevention and/or treatment. Objectives To investigate the molecular and cell target-based antiproliferative potential of neomenthol on human cancer (A431, PC-3, K562, A549, FaDu, MDA-MB-231, COLO-205, MCF-7, and WRL-68) and normal (HEK-293) cell lines. Methods The potency of neomenthol was evaluated on human cancer and normal cell line using SRB, NRU and MTT assays. The molecular target based study of neomenthol was carried out in cell-free and cell-based test systems. Further, the potency of neomenthol was confirmed by quantitative real-time PCR analysis and molecular docking studies. The in vivo anticancer potential of neomenthol was performed on mice EAC model and the toxicity examination was accomplished through in silico, ex vivo and in vivo approaches. Results Neomenthol exhibits a promising activity (IC50 17.3 ± 6.49 μM) against human epidermoid carcinoma (A431) cells by arresting the G2/M phase and increasing the number of sub-diploid cells. It significantly inhibits hyaluronidase activity (IC50 12.81 ± 0.01 μM) and affects the tubulin polymerization. The expression analysis and molecular docking studies support the in vitro molecular and cell target based results. Neomenthol prevents EAC tumor formation by 58.84% and inhibits hyaluronidase activity up to 10% at 75 mg/kg bw, i.p. dose. The oral dose of 1000 mg/kg bw was found safe in acute oral toxicity studies. Conclusion Neomenthol delayed the growth of skin carcinoma cells by inhibiting the tubulin polymerization and hyaluronidase activity, which are responsible for tumor growth, metastasis, and angiogenesis.
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Key Words
- AA, Arachidonic acid
- AKLP, Alkaline phosphatase
- Ab/Am, Antibiotic/antimycotic
- BE, Binding energy
- BIL, Bilirubin total & direct
- BSA, Bovine serum albumin
- BUN, Blood urea nitrogen
- CATD, Cathepsin D
- CHOL, Cholesterol
- CM-H2DCFDA, Chloromethyl derivative of dichloro fluorescin diacetate
- COX-2, Cyclooxygenase 2
- CRTN, Creatinine
- Cancer biomarker
- DCFDA, 2′,7′ dichloro fluorescin diacetate
- DFMO, α-difluoro methyl ornithine
- DHFR, Dihydrofolatereductase
- DMEM, Dulbecco’s minimal essential media
- DMSO, Dimethyl sulfoxide
- DNA, Deoxyribonucleic acid
- DOXO, Doxorubicin
- EAC, Ehlrich Ascites Carcinoma
- EC50, Half maximal effective concentration
- EDTA, Ethylene diamine tetra acetic acid
- ELISA, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay
- Ehrlich Ascites Carcinoma
- FACS, Fluorescence-Activated Cell Sorting
- FBS, Fetal bovine serum
- FDA, Food and Drug Administration
- FOX, Ferrous oxidation-xylenol orange
- GAPDH, Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase, HEPES, N-2-hydroxyethylpiperazine-N′-2-ethanesulfonic acid
- HA, Hyaluronic acid
- HDAC, Histone deacetylase
- HDL, High density lipoprotein
- HYAL, Hyaluronidase
- Human epidermoid carcinoma
- Hyaluronidase
- IC50, Half maximal inhibitory concentration
- IDT, Integrated DNA Technologies
- Ki, Inhibitory constant
- LDH, Lactate dehydrogenase
- LOX-5, Lipoxygenase-5
- MEF, Mean erythrocyte fragility
- MMP, Mitochondrial membrane potential
- MTT, 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide
- MTX, Methotrexate
- NAC, N-acetyl cysteine
- NADPH, Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate hydrogen
- NRU, Neutral red uptake
- NaOH, Sodium hydroxide
- Neomenthol
- ODC, Ornithine decarboxylase
- OECD, Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development
- OF, Osmotic fragility
- PBS, Phosphate buffer saline
- PCR, Polymerase chain reaction
- PDB, Protein Data Bank
- PDT, Podophyllotoxin
- PEP A, pepstatin A
- PI, Propidium iodide
- PI3K, Phosphotidyl inositol-3 kinase
- PKB/Akt, Protein kinase B
- RBC, Red blood cell
- RIPA, Radio immune precipitation assay buffer
- RNA, Ribonucleic acid
- RNase A, Ribonuclease A
- ROS, Reactive oxygen species
- RPMI, Roswell park memorial institute
- Rh123, Rhodamine 123
- SGOT, Aspartate aminotransferase
- SGPT, Alanine aminotransferase
- SRB, Sulphorhodamine B
- TCA, Tricarboxylic acid
- TMPD, N,N,N′,N′-tetramethyl-p-phenylenediamine
- TNBS, Trinitrobenzenesulphonic acid
- TPA, 12-O-Tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate
- TPR, Total protein
- TRIG, Triglyceraldehyde
- TRPM8, Transient receptor potential member 8
- Tubulin
- URIC, Uric acid
- WBC, White blood cell
- mTOR, Mammalian target of rapamycin
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Chen Z, Tang WJ, Zhou YH, Chen ZM, Liu K. Andrographolide inhibits non-small cell lung cancer cell proliferation through the activation of the mitochondrial apoptosis pathway and by reprogramming host glucose metabolism. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2022; 9:1701. [PMID: 34988210 PMCID: PMC8667159 DOI: 10.21037/atm-21-5975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Background The main aim of this research was to explore the role and mechanism of Andrographolide (Andro) in controlling non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cell proliferation. Methods Human NSCLC H1975 cells were treated with Andro (0–20 µM) for 4–72 h. B-cell leukemia/lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2)-antagonist/killer (Bak)-small interfering RNA (siRNA) (Bak-siRNA) and fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase (FBP1)-siRNA were transfected into H1975 cells to inhibit the endogenic Bak and FBP1 expression, respectively, and their expressions were detected by real-time quantitative reverse transcription–polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and western blotting (WB). Cellular proliferation ability was determined through various assessments, including 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT), colony formation, and cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assays. Cell apoptosis ability was measured using flow cytometry. Pro-apoptotic-related proteins (cleaved caspase 9, cleaved caspase 8, and cleaved caspase 3) and mitochondrial apoptosis pathway proteins [Bcl2-associated X (Bax), Bak, Bcl-2, and cytochrome C (cyto C)] were assessed by WB. Aerobic glycolysis-associated genes [pyruvate kinase M2 (PKM2), lactate dehydrogenase A (LDHA), and glucose transporter 1 (GLUT1)] and gluconeogenesis genes [phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase 1 (PEPCK1), fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase 1 (FBP1), and phosphofructokinase (PFK)] were measured by qRT-PCR. The mitochondrial membrane depolarization sensor, 5, 50, 6, 60-tetrachloro-1, 10, 3, 30 tetraethyl benzimidazolo carbocyanine iodide (JC-1) assay was used for the measurement of mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm). Additionally, glycolytic metabolism, lactate production, and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) synthesis were also analyzed. Results Andro inhibited human NSCLC cellular proliferation and induced apoptosis in a dose-time or dose-dependent manner via activation of the mitochondrial apoptosis pathway. Andro inhibited glycolysis, promoted the gluconeogenesis pathway, and increased the levels of cleaved caspase 9, cleaved caspase 8, cleaved caspase 3, Bax, Bak, PEPCK1, FBP1, and PFK, and decreased the levels of Bcl-2, PKM2, LDHA, and GLUT1. Moreover, it also decreased the ΔΨm and facilitated the release of cyto C from mitochondria into the cytoplasm. Furthermore, Andro enhanced the mitochondrial translocation of Bak, glucose uptake, lactate release, and intracellular ATP synthesis. Suppression of endogenic Bak and FBP1 expression significantly reduced the effects of Andro in H1975 cells. Conclusions Andro represses NSCLC cell proliferation through the activation of the mitochondrial apoptosis pathway and by reprogramming glucose metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhao Chen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wei-Jian Tang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yu-Han Zhou
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhou-Miao Chen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Kai Liu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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Tang ZY, Li Y, Tang YT, Ma XD, Tang ZY. Anticancer activity of oleanolic acid and its derivatives: Recent advances in evidence, target profiling and mechanisms of action. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 145:112397. [PMID: 34798468 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.112397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Revised: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Oleanolic acid (OA, 3 β - hydroxyoleanolic acid-12-en-28-oic acid) is a pentacyclic triterpenoid present in many plants. As a new framework for development of semi synthetic triterpenoids, OA is of great significance in the discovery of anticancer drugs. Some of these derivatives, such as CDDO (2-cyano-3,12-dioxooleana-1, 9 (11)-dien-28-oic acid) have been verified in clinical trials, while other derivatives studied previously, such as SZC014, SZC015 and SZC017 (OA derivatives respectively), are also candidate drugs for cancer treatment. This paper reviews the preclinical studies, literature evidence, target analysis and anticancer mechanism of OA and its derivatives. The mechanism of action of its derivatives mainly includes anti-cancer cell proliferation, inducing tumor cell apoptosis, inducing autophagy, regulating cell cycle regulatory proteins, inhibiting vascular endothelial growth, anti angiogenesis, inhibiting tumor cell migration and invasion. In recent years, the molecular mechanism of OA and its derivatives has been elucidated. These effects seem to be mediated by the alterations in a variety of signaling pathways induced by OA and its derivatives. In conclusion, OA and its derivatives are considered as important candidate drugs for the treatment of cancer, indicating that OA and its derivatives have the potential to be used as anticancer drugs in practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhong-Yuan Tang
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology, Jilin University, 1500 Qinghua Road, Changchun 130021, Jilin, PR China
| | - Yang Li
- Pharmacology Department, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116044, PR China
| | - Yu-Ting Tang
- Pharmacology Department, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116044, PR China
| | - Xiao-Dong Ma
- Pharmacology Department, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116044, PR China
| | - Ze-Yao Tang
- Pharmacology Department, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116044, PR China.
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Sittithumcharee G, Kariya R, Kasemsuk T, Saeeng R, Okada S. Antitumor effect of acanthoic acid against primary effusion lymphoma via inhibition of c-FLIP. Phytother Res 2021; 35:7018-7026. [PMID: 34779075 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Revised: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 10/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Acanthoic acid (AA) is an active substance that is extracted from Croton oblongifolius Roxb., a traditional plant in Thailand. The antiinflammatory effect of AA on NF-κB pathway has been exclusively reported, however, its anticancer effect is still lacking. PEL is a B cell lymphoma that is mostly found in HIV patients. The prognosis and progression of PEL patients are terribly poor with a median survival time less than 6 months, so the new effective treatment is urgently needed. In this study, we found that AA effectively inhibited PEL cell proliferation with IC50s at 120-130 μM in well-representative cells, while the IC50s of AA in PBMC were higher (>200 μM). AA increased percentages of Annexin V/PI positive cells, whereas adding of caspase inhibitor (Q-VD-OPh) prevented AA-induced cell death. The antiapoptotic protein, c-FLIP, was downregulated by AA which leading to the activation of caspase-8 and -3. Combination of AA and TRAIL dramatically enhanced apoptotic cell death. In PEL xenograft model, AA at the dose of 250 mg/kg effectively inhibited PEL tumor growth without detectable toxicities assessed by mice weight and appearance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gunya Sittithumcharee
- Division of Hematopoiesis, Joint Research Center for Human Retrovirus Infection, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan.,Division of Hematopoiesis, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Ryusho Kariya
- Division of Hematopoiesis, Joint Research Center for Human Retrovirus Infection, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Teerapich Kasemsuk
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Rambhai Barni Rajabhat University, Chanthaburi, Thailand
| | - Rungnapha Saeeng
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Burapha University, Chonburi, Thailand
| | - Seiji Okada
- Division of Hematopoiesis, Joint Research Center for Human Retrovirus Infection, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan.,Division of Hematopoiesis, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
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Lipatova A, Krasnov G, Vorobyov P, Melnikov P, Alekseeva O, Vershinina Y, Brzhozovskiy A, Goliusova D, Maganova F, Zakirova N, Kudryavtseva A, Moskalev A. Effects of Siberian fir terpenes extract Abisil on antioxidant activity, autophagy, transcriptome and proteome of human fibroblasts. Aging (Albany NY) 2021; 13:20050-20080. [PMID: 34428743 PMCID: PMC8436938 DOI: 10.18632/aging.203448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Background: Abisil is an extract of Siberian fir terpenes with antimicrobial and wound healing activities. Previous studies revealed that Abisil has geroprotective, anti-tumorigenic, and anti-angiogenic effects. Abisil decreased the expression of cyclin D1, E1, A2, and increased the phosphorylation rate of AMPK. Objective: In the present study, we analyzed the effect of Abisil on autophagy, the mitochondrial potential of embryonic human lung fibroblasts. We evaluated its antioxidant activity and analyzed the transcriptomic and proteomic effects of Abisil treatment. Results: Abisil treatment resulted in activation of autophagy, reversal of rotenone-induced elevation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels and several-fold decrease of mitochondrial potential. Lower doses of Abisil (25 μg/ml) showed a better oxidative effect than high doses (50 or 125 μg/ml). Estimation of metabolic changes after treatment with 50 μg/ml has not shown any changes in oxygen consumption rate, but extracellular acidification rate decreased significantly. Abisil treatment (5 and 50 μg/ml) of MRC5-SV40 cells induced a strong transcriptomic shift spanning several thousand genes (predominantly, expression decrease). Among down-regulated genes, we noticed an over-representation of genes involved in cell cycle progression, oxidative phosphorylation, and fatty acid biosynthesis. Additionally, we observed predominant downregulation of genes encoding for kinases. Proteome profiling also revealed that the content of hundreds of proteins is altered after Abisil treatment (mainly, decreased). These proteins were involved in cell cycle regulation, intracellular transport, RNA processing, translation, mitochondrial organization. Conclusions: Abisil demonstrated antioxidant and autophagy stimulating activity. Treatment with Abisil results in the predominant downregulation of genes involved in the cell cycle and oxidative phosphorylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anastasiya Lipatova
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - George Krasnov
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119991, Russia.,Center for Precision Genome Editing and Genetic Technologies for Biomedicine, Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Pavel Vorobyov
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Pavel Melnikov
- V. Serbsky National Research Center for Psychiatry and Narcology, Moscow 119034, Russia
| | - Olga Alekseeva
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Yulia Vershinina
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | | | - Daria Goliusova
- Vavilov Institute of General Genetics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | | | - Natalia Zakirova
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119991, Russia.,Center for Precision Genome Editing and Genetic Technologies for Biomedicine, Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Anna Kudryavtseva
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119991, Russia.,Center for Precision Genome Editing and Genetic Technologies for Biomedicine, Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Alexey Moskalev
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119991, Russia.,Institute of Biology of Federal Research Center "Komi Science Center" of Ural Branch of RAS, Syktyvkar 167982, Russia.,Russian Clinical and Research Center of Gerontology, Moscow 129226, Russia
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Kurangi B, Jalalpure S, Jagwani S. Formulation and Evaluation of Resveratrol Loaded Cubosomal Nanoformulation for Topical Delivery. Curr Drug Deliv 2021; 18:607-619. [PMID: 32881670 DOI: 10.2174/1567201817666200902150646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2020] [Revised: 07/10/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
AIM The aim of the study was to formulate, characterize, and evaluate the Resveratrol- loaded Cubosomes (RC) for topical application. BACKGROUND Resveratrol (RV) is a nutraceutical compound with exciting pharmacological potential in different diseases, including cancers. Many studies on resveratrol have been reported for anti- melanoma activity. Due to its low bioavailability, the therapeutic activities of resveratrol are strongly limited. Hence, an approach with nanotechnology has been made to increase its activity through transdermal drug delivery. OBJECTIVE To formulate, characterize, and evaluate the resveratrol-loaded cubosomes (RC). To evaluate Resveratrol-loaded Cubosomal Gel (RC-Gel) for its topical application. METHODS RC was formulated by homogenization technique and optimized using a 2-factor 3-level factorial design. Formulated RCs were characterized for particle size, zeta potential, and entrapment efficiency. Optimized RC was evaluated for in vitro release and stability study. Optimized RC was further formulated into cubosomal gel (RC-Gel) using carbopol and evaluated for drug permeation and deposition. Furthermore, developed RC-Gel was evaluated for its topical application using skin irritancy, toxicity, and in vivo local bioavailability studies. RESULTS The optimized RC indicated cubic-shaped structure with mean particle size, entrapment efficiency, and zeta potential were 113±2.36 nm, 85.07 ± 0.91%, and -27.40 ± 1.40 mV, respectively. In vitro drug release of optimized RC demonstrated biphasic drug release with the diffusion-controlled release of resveratrol (RV) (87.20 ± 3.91%). The RC-Gel demonstrated better drug permeation and deposition in mice skin layers. The composition of RC-Gel has been proved non-irritant to mice skin. In vivo local bioavailability study depicted the good potential of RC-Gel for skin localization. CONCLUSION The RC nanoformulation proposes a promising drug delivery system for melanoma treatment simply through topical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhaskar Kurangi
- Dr. Prabhakar Kore Basic Science Research Center, KLE Academy of Higher Education and Research, Nehru Nagar, Belagavi-590010, Karnataka, India
| | - Sunil Jalalpure
- Dr. Prabhakar Kore Basic Science Research Center, KLE Academy of Higher Education and Research, Nehru Nagar, Belagavi-590010, Karnataka, India
| | - Satveer Jagwani
- Dr. Prabhakar Kore Basic Science Research Center, KLE Academy of Higher Education and Research, Nehru Nagar, Belagavi-590010, Karnataka, India
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20
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Bioactive Components, Volatile Profile and In Vitro Antioxidative Properties of Taxus baccata L. Red Arils. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26154474. [PMID: 34361625 PMCID: PMC8348699 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26154474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Revised: 07/20/2021] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed at assessing the composition of bioactive compounds, including ascorbic acid, carotenoids and polyphenols, the volatile compound profile and the antioxidant activity of red arils (RAs) of Taxus baccata L. grown in diverse locations in Poland. Among the carotenoids assayed in high quantities (3.3-5.42 μg/g), the lycopene content (2.55-4.1 μg/g) was remarkably higher than that in many cultivated fruits. Samples collected from three sites were distinguished by higher amounts of ascorbic acid (125 mg/100 g, on average) than those found in many cultivated berries. Phenylpropanoids quantitatively dominated among the four groups of phenolic compounds. Chromatographic separation enabled the detection of two phenylpropanoid acids: ferulic and p-coumaric. Irrespectively of the growth site, RAs contained substantial amounts of (-)-epicatechin (1080 μg/100 g, on average). A higher ability to scavenge DPPH● and ABTS●+ radicals was found in the hydrophilic fraction of RAs from two sites (Warsaw and Koszalin) compared with the other two sites. The volatile compound profile of RAs was dominated by alcohols, followed by ketones, esters and aldehydes. The presence of some volatiles was exclusively related to the specific growth site, which may be regarded as a valuable indicator. The combination of bioactive and volatile compounds and the fairly good antioxidant potential of RAs render them an attractive source for preparing functional foods.
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Abstract
Terpenoids are the largest class of natural products, most of which are derived from plants. Amongst their numerous biological properties, their anti-tumor effects are of interest for they are extremely diverse which include anti-proliferative, apoptotic, anti-angiogenic, and anti-metastatic activities. Recently, several in vitro and in vivo studies have been dedicated to understanding the 'terpenoid induced autophagy' phenomenon in cancer cells. Light has already been shed on the intricacy of apoptosis and autophagy relationship. This latter crosstalk is driven by the delicate balance between activating or silencing of certain proteins whereby the outcome is expressed via interrelated signaling pathways. In this review, we focus on nine of the most studied terpenoids and on their cell death and autophagic activity. These terpenoids are grouped in three classes: sesquiterpenoid (artemisinin, parthenolide), diterpenoids (oridonin, triptolide), and triterpenoids (alisol, betulinic acid, oleanolic acid, platycodin D, and ursolic acid). We have selected these nine terpenoids among others as they belong to the different major classes of terpenoids and our extensive search of the literature indicated that they were the most studied in terms of autophagy in cancer. These terpenoids alone demonstrate the complexity by which these secondary metabolites induce autophagy via complex signaling pathways such as MAPK/ERK/JNK, PI3K/AKT/mTOR, AMPK, NF-kB, and reactive oxygen species. Moreover, induction of autophagy can be either destructive or protective in tumor cells. Nevertheless, should this phenomenon be well understood, we ought to be able to exploit it to create novel therapies and design more effective regimens in the management and treatment of cancer.
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22
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de Oliveira TL, Bavia L, Fontana PD, Cruz LS, Paludo KS, Crisma AR, Messias-Reason IJ, Beltrame FL. Immunomodulatory and cytotoxic activities of euphol. Life Sci 2021; 280:119700. [PMID: 34111465 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.119700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2021] [Revised: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
AIMS This study evaluated the effect of euphol isolated from Euphorbia umbellata (Pax) Bruyns latex on the activation of complement pathways (classical (CP), alternative (AP) and lectin (LP)), neutrophil chemotaxis, cytotoxic activity, cell morphology and death in HRT-18 and 3T3 cells lines. MAIN METHODS CP and AP were assessed using hemolytic assays and ELISA for LP; neutrophil chemotaxis was performed using Boyden's chamber; cytotoxicity was evaluated by neutral red methodology and characteristics of cell death were assessed by cell morphology with hematological staining. KEY FINDINGS Although euphol increased CP activation (38% at a concentration of 976.1 μM), an inhibitory effect on AP, LP (31% and 32% reduction in the concentration of 976.1 μM) and neutrophil chemotaxis (inhibit 84% of neutrophil migration at a concentration 292.9 μM) was observed. In addiction euphol was able to induce significant cell death in a time-dependent manner, presenting an IC50 of 70.8 μM and 39.2 μM for HRT-18 and 3T3 cell lines respectively and it was also observed apoptotic characteristics as cellular rounding, chromatin condensation and blebs formation for both cell lines. SIGNIFICANCE Euphol has a potential use for the treatment of complement-related inflammatory diseases due to its ability to downregulate inflammation. On the other hand, the controlled activation of CP can contribute to complement-dependent cytotoxicity in the context of monoclonal antibody-based cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thais Latansio de Oliveira
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunopathology, Clinical Hospital, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil.
| | - Lorena Bavia
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunopathology, Clinical Hospital, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Pâmela Dias Fontana
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunopathology, Clinical Hospital, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Luiza Stolz Cruz
- Laboratory of Phytotherapy, Phytotherapy Technology and Chemistry of Natural Products, State University of Ponta Grossa, Ponta Grossa, Brazil
| | - Katia Sabrina Paludo
- Multidisciplinary Laboratory of Biological Sciences and Health, State University of Ponta Grossa, Ponta Grossa, Brazil
| | | | - Iara Jose Messias-Reason
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunopathology, Clinical Hospital, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Flávio Luís Beltrame
- Laboratory of Phytotherapy, Phytotherapy Technology and Chemistry of Natural Products, State University of Ponta Grossa, Ponta Grossa, Brazil
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Sahai R, Bhattacharjee A, Shukla VN, Yadav P, Hasanain M, Sarkar J, Narender T, Mitra K. Gedunin isolated from the mangrove plant Xylocarpus granatum exerts its anti-proliferative activity in ovarian cancer cells through G2/M-phase arrest and oxidative stress-mediated intrinsic apoptosis. Apoptosis 2021; 25:481-499. [PMID: 32399945 DOI: 10.1007/s10495-020-01605-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Gedunin is a natural tetranorterpenoid secondary metabolite found in plants of the Meliaceae family, which has been reported for its antiparasitic, antifungal and anticancer activities. Here, we describe the molecular mechanisms underlying the in vitro anti proliferative activity of gedunin (isolated from the mangrove plant Xylocarpus granatum) in human ovarian cancer cells. We observed that gedunin triggered severe ROS generation leading to DNA damage and cell cycle arrest in G2/M phase thus inhibiting cell proliferation. ROS upregulation also led to mitochondrial stress and membrane depolarization, which eventually resulted in mitochondria-mediated apoptosis following cytochrome C release, caspase 9, 3 activation, and PARP cleavage. Transmission electron microscopy of gedunin treated cells revealed sub-cellular features typical of apoptosis. Moreover, an upregulation in stress kinases like phospho-ERK 1/2, phospho-p38 and phospho-JNK was also observed in gedunin treated cells. Free radical scavenger N-Acetyl-L-Cysteine (NAC) reversed all these effects resulting in increased cell survival, abrogation of cell cycle arrest, rescue of mitochondrial membrane potential and suppression of apoptotic markers. Interestingly, gedunin is also an inhibitor of the evolutionarily conserved molecular chaperone Heat Shock Protein 90 (hsp90) responsible for maintaining cellular homeostasis. Targeting this chaperone could be an attractive strategy for developing cancer therapeutics since many oncogenic proteins are also client proteins of hsp90. Collectively, our findings provide insights into the molecular mechanism of action of gedunin, which may aid drug development efforts against ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rohit Sahai
- Electron Microscopy Unit, Sophisticated Analytical Instrument Facility and Research, CSIR - Central Drug Research Institute, Sector-10, Jankipuram Extension, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226 031, India
| | - Arindam Bhattacharjee
- Electron Microscopy Unit, Sophisticated Analytical Instrument Facility and Research, CSIR - Central Drug Research Institute, Sector-10, Jankipuram Extension, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226 031, India
| | - Vishwa Nath Shukla
- Medicinal and Process Chemistry Division, CSIR - Central Drug Research Institute, Sector-10, Jankipuram Extension, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226 031, India
| | - Pragya Yadav
- Medicinal and Process Chemistry Division, CSIR - Central Drug Research Institute, Sector-10, Jankipuram Extension, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226 031, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, 201 002, India
| | - Mohammad Hasanain
- Division of Biochemistry, CSIR - Central Drug Research Institute, Sector-10, Jankipuram Extension, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226 031, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, 201 002, India
| | - Jayanta Sarkar
- Division of Biochemistry, CSIR - Central Drug Research Institute, Sector-10, Jankipuram Extension, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226 031, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, 201 002, India
| | - T Narender
- Medicinal and Process Chemistry Division, CSIR - Central Drug Research Institute, Sector-10, Jankipuram Extension, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226 031, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, 201 002, India
| | - Kalyan Mitra
- Electron Microscopy Unit, Sophisticated Analytical Instrument Facility and Research, CSIR - Central Drug Research Institute, Sector-10, Jankipuram Extension, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226 031, India. .,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, 201 002, India.
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Inositol hexanicotinate self-micelle solid dispersion is an efficient drug delivery system in the mouse model of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Int J Pharm 2021; 602:120576. [PMID: 33839223 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2021.120576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2020] [Revised: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 04/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Inositol hexanicotinate (IHN) self-micelle solid dispersion (SD) with glycyrrhizic acid (GA) and arabic gum (AG) was prepared by mechanical ball milling process to improve the solubility, stability of amorphous state, and bioavailability of IHN, which enhanced the treatment of IHN on hyperlipidemia and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). The physicochemical properties of IHN/GA/AG SDs in solid state were characterized by differential scanning calorimetry, X-ray diffraction studies, and scanning electron microscopy. The characteristics of the sample solutions were analyzed by reverse-phase HPLC, particle characterization, critical micelle concentration, and transmission electron microscopy. Further pharmacokinetic study of this SD formulation in rats showed a significant 3.3-fold increase in bioavailability compared to pure IHN. Moreover, biomarkers in serum and liver of NAFLD mice were significantly ameliorated after oral administration of IHN/GA/AG SDs for 15 days. Altogether, these results establish the mechanochemically prepared IHN/GA/AG SDs as an efficacious formulation for the treatment of hyperlipidemia and NAFLD.
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Natural Compounds in Glioblastoma Therapy: Preclinical Insights, Mechanistic Pathways, and Outlook. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13102317. [PMID: 34065960 PMCID: PMC8150927 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13102317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Revised: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Glioblastoma (GBM) is a tumor of the brain or spinal cord with poor clinical prognosis. Current interventions, such as chemotherapy and surgical tumor resection, are constrained by tumor invasion and cancer drug resistance. Dietary natural substances are therefore evaluated for their potential as agents in GBM treatment. Various substances found in fruits, vegetables, and other natural products restrict tumor growth and induce GBM cell death. These preclinical effects are promising but remain constrained by natural substances’ varying pharmacological properties. While many of the reviewed substances are available as over-the-counter supplements, their anti-GBM efficacy should be corroborated by clinical trials moving forward. Abstract Glioblastoma (GBM) is an aggressive, often fatal astrocyte-derived tumor of the central nervous system. Conventional medical and surgical interventions have greatly improved survival rates; however, tumor heterogeneity, invasiveness, and chemotherapeutic resistance continue to pose clinical challenges. As such, dietary natural substances—an integral component of the lifestyle medicine approach to chronic diseases—are examined as potential chemotherapeutic agents. These heterogenous substances exert anti-GBM effects by upregulating apoptosis and autophagy, inducing cell cycle arrest, interfering with tumor metabolism, and inhibiting proliferation, neuroinflammation, chemoresistance, angiogenesis, and metastasis. Although these beneficial effects are promising, natural substances’ efficacy in GBM is constrained by their bioavailability and blood–brain barrier permeability; various chemical formulations are proposed to improve their pharmacological properties. Many of the reviewed substances are available as over-the-counter dietary supplements, underscoring their viability as lifestyle interventions. However, clinical trials remain necessary to substantiate the in vitro and in vivo properties of natural substances.
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Zhang Z, Costa M. p62 functions as a signal hub in metal carcinogenesis. Semin Cancer Biol 2021; 76:267-278. [PMID: 33894381 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2021.04.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2020] [Revised: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
A number of metals are toxic and carcinogenic to humans. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) play an important role in metal carcinogenesis. Oxidative stress acts as the converging point among various stressors with ROS being the main intracellular signal transducer. In metal-transformed cells, persistent expression of p62 and erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) result in apoptosis resistance, angiogenesis, inflammatory microenvironment, and metabolic reprogramming, contributing to overall mechanism of metal carcinogenesis. Autophagy, a conserved intracellular process, maintains cellular homeostasis by facilitating the turnover of protein aggregates, cellular debris, and damaged organelles. In addition to being a substrate of autophagy, p62 is also a crucial molecule in a myriad of cellular functions and in molecular events, which include oxidative stress, inflammation, apoptosis, cell proliferation, metabolic reprogramming, that modulate cell survival and tumor growth. The multiple functions of p62 are appreciated by its ability to interact with several key components involved in various oncogenic pathways. This review summarizes the current knowledge and progress in studies of p62 and metal carcinogenesis with emphasis on oncogenic pathways related to oxidative stress, inflammation, apoptosis, and metabolic reprogramming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuo Zhang
- Department of Environmental Medicine, NYU School of Medicine, 341 East 25th Street, New York, NY 10010, USA
| | - Max Costa
- Department of Environmental Medicine, NYU School of Medicine, 341 East 25th Street, New York, NY 10010, USA.
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Wang WY, Wu WY, Li AL, Liu QS, Sun Y, Gu W. Synthesis, anticancer evaluation and mechanism studies of novel indolequinone derivatives of ursolic acid. Bioorg Chem 2021; 109:104705. [PMID: 33618252 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2021.104705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Revised: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 01/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
A series of novel indolequinone derivatives of ursolic acid bearing ester, hydrazide, or amide moieties were designed, synthesized, and screened for their in vitro antiproliferative activities against three cancer cell lines (MCF-7, HeLa, and HepG2) and a normal gastric mucosal cell line (Ges-1). A number of compounds showed significant activity against tested cancer cell lines. Among them, compound 6t exhibited the most potent activity against three cancer cell lines with IC50 values of 1.66 ± 0.21, 3.16 ± 0.24, and 10.35 ± 1.63 µM, respectively, and considerably lower cytotoxicity to Ges-1 cells. Especially, compound 6t could arrest cell cycle at S phase, suppress the migration of MCF-7 cells, elevate intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) level, and decrease mitochondrial membrane potential. Western blot analysis showed that compound 6t upregulated Bax, cleaved caspase-3/9, cleaved PARP levels and downregulated Bcl-2 level of MCF-7 cells. All these results indicated that compound 6t could significantly induce the apoptosis of MCF-7 cells. Meanwhile, compound 6t markedly decreased p-AKT and p-mTOR expression, which revealed that compound 6t probably exerted its cytotoxicity through targeting PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway. Therefore, compound 6t could be a promising lead for the discovery of novel anticancer agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Yan Wang
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab for the Chemistry and Utilization of Agro-forest Biomass, Jiangsu Key Lab of Biomass-based Green Fuels and Chemicals, Co-Inovation Center for Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Products, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, PR China
| | - Wen-Yi Wu
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab for the Chemistry and Utilization of Agro-forest Biomass, Jiangsu Key Lab of Biomass-based Green Fuels and Chemicals, Co-Inovation Center for Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Products, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, PR China
| | - A-Liang Li
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab for the Chemistry and Utilization of Agro-forest Biomass, Jiangsu Key Lab of Biomass-based Green Fuels and Chemicals, Co-Inovation Center for Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Products, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, PR China
| | - Qing-Song Liu
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab for the Chemistry and Utilization of Agro-forest Biomass, Jiangsu Key Lab of Biomass-based Green Fuels and Chemicals, Co-Inovation Center for Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Products, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, PR China
| | - Yue Sun
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab for the Chemistry and Utilization of Agro-forest Biomass, Jiangsu Key Lab of Biomass-based Green Fuels and Chemicals, Co-Inovation Center for Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Products, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, PR China
| | - Wen Gu
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab for the Chemistry and Utilization of Agro-forest Biomass, Jiangsu Key Lab of Biomass-based Green Fuels and Chemicals, Co-Inovation Center for Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Products, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, PR China.
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28
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Latansio de Oliveira T, Fontana PD, Bavia L, Cruz LS, Crisma AR, Sassaki GL, Alencar Menezes LR, Wang M, Beltrame FL, Messias-Reason IJ. Effects of Euphorbia umbellata extracts on complement activation and chemotaxis of neutrophils. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 265:113348. [PMID: 32896626 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.113348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2020] [Revised: 08/16/2020] [Accepted: 08/26/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE The species Euphorbia umbellata (leitosinha) has been traditionally used for the treatment of inflammatory diseases and cancer. AIM OF THE STUDY Evaluation the effect of E. umbellata latex extracts obtained with hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate and methanol on the activation of the complement pathways and neutrophil chemotaxis. MATERIALS AND METHODS The latex was partitioned using Soxhlet apparatus and hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate and methanol as solvents. The classical and alternative pathway activity were performed by hemolytic assays with sensitized sheep or rabbit erythrocytes, respectively; the lectin pathway activity was quantified by ELISA, through the measurement of C4 molecules and the chemotaxis of human neutrophils was performed using 1% casein as the chemotactic inducer and Boyden's chamber. GC-Q-ToF and NMR analyses were applied to evaluate the chemical composition of E. umbellata latex extracts. RESULTS All E. umbellata latex extracts exhibited an inhibitory effect on the activation of the alternative pathway. Methanol and ethyl acetate extracts inhibited the classical pathway while chloroform extract activated this pathway. Ethyl acetate and hexane extracts inhibited lectin activation. All E. umbellata extracts inhibited casein-induced neutrophil chemotaxis. Terpenes and phenolic compounds have been suggested to be present in the E. umbellta latex extracts. CONCLUSION The E. umbellata latex was able to modulate the functions of the immune system. Thus, it is possible to infer that the terpenes and phenolic compounds of the phytocomplex of E. umbellata latex can contribute for the activity on the complement pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thais Latansio de Oliveira
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunopathology, Clinical Hospital, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil.
| | - Pâmela Dias Fontana
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunopathology, Clinical Hospital, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil.
| | - Lorena Bavia
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunopathology, Clinical Hospital, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil.
| | - Luiza Stolz Cruz
- Laboratory of Phytotherapy, Phytotherapy Technology and Chemistry of Natural Products, State University of Ponta Grossa, Ponta Grossa, Brazil.
| | | | | | | | - Mei Wang
- Natural Products Utilization Research, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, University, Mississippi, USA.
| | - Flávio Luís Beltrame
- Laboratory of Phytotherapy, Phytotherapy Technology and Chemistry of Natural Products, State University of Ponta Grossa, Ponta Grossa, Brazil.
| | - Iara Jose Messias-Reason
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunopathology, Clinical Hospital, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil.
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The effect of cannabis dry flower irradiation on the level of cannabinoids, terpenes and anti-cancer properties of the extracts. BIOCATALYSIS AND AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2020.101736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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Marathe SJ, Hamzi W, Bashein AM, Deska J, Seppänen-Laakso T, Singhal RS, Shamekh S. Anti-angiogenic and anti-inflammatory activity of the summer truffle (Tuber aestivum Vittad.) extracts and a correlation with the chemical constituents identified therein. Food Res Int 2020; 137:109699. [PMID: 33233273 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2020.109699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2020] [Revised: 08/03/2020] [Accepted: 09/06/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Fungi are a huge source of unexplored bioactive compounds. Owing to their biological activities, several fungi have shown commercial application in the health industry. Tuber aestivum Vittad. is one such edible fungi with an immense scope for practical biological applications. In the present study, the anti-angiogenic activity of petroleum ether and ethanol extracts of T. aestivum was investigated using the chick chorioallantoic membrane assay and compared to the positive controls silibinin and lenalidomide. Both the extracts showed a dose-dependent anti-angiogenic response. The extracts were also assessed for their anti-inflammatory potential by lipoxygenase-inhibition assay. The IC50 values for LOX inhibition assay, computed by the Boltzmann plot, were 368.5, 147.3 and 40.2 µg/mL, for the petroleum ether extract, ethanol extract, and the positive control ascorbic acid, respectively. The ethanol extract of T. aestivum showed superior anti-angiogenic and anti-inflammatory activity than the petroleum ether extract. Compositional investigation of the extracts by GC-MS revealed the presence of various bioactive compounds. The compounds were correlated to their anti-angiogenic and anti-inflammatory activity based on a meticulous literature search.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandesh J Marathe
- Department of Food Engineering and Technology, Institute of Chemical Technology, Mumbai 400 019, India.
| | | | - Abdulla M Bashein
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tripoli, Libya
| | - Jan Deska
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Science, Aalto University, Espoo, Finland
| | - Tuulikki Seppänen-Laakso
- Industrial Biotechnology and Food Solutions, VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland Ltd, Finland
| | - Rekha S Singhal
- Department of Food Engineering and Technology, Institute of Chemical Technology, Mumbai 400 019, India
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Smith DK, Hasanali SL, Wang J, Kallifatidis G, Morera DS, Jordan AR, Terris MK, Klaassen Z, Bollag R, Lokeshwar VB, Lokeshwar BL. Promotion of epithelial hyperplasia by interleukin-8-CXCR axis in human prostate. Prostate 2020; 80:938-949. [PMID: 32542667 PMCID: PMC8327464 DOI: 10.1002/pros.24026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2020] [Accepted: 05/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The clinical manifestation of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is causally linked to the inflammatory microenvironment and proliferation of epithelial and stromal cells in the prostate transitional zone. The CXC-chemokine interleukin-8 (IL-8) contributes to inflammation. We evaluated the expression of inflammatory cytokines in clinical specimens, primary cultures, and prostatic lineage cell lines. We investigated whether IL-8 via its receptor system (IL-8 axis) promotes BPH. METHODS The messenger RNA and protein expression of chemokines, including components of the IL-8 axis, were measured in normal prostate (NP; n = 7) and BPH (n = 21), urine (n = 24) specimens, primary cultures, prostatic lineage epithelial cell lines (NHPrE1, BHPrE1, BPH-1), and normal prostate cells (RWPE-1). The functional role of the IL-8 axis in prostate epithelial cell growth was evaluated by CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing. The effect of a combination with two natural compounds, oleanolic acid (OA) and ursolic acid (UA), was evaluated on the expression of the IL-8 axis and epithelial cell growth. RESULTS Among the 19 inflammatory chemokines and chemokine receptors we analyzed, levels of IL-8 and its receptors (CXCR1, CXCR2), as well as, of CXCR7, a receptor for CXCL12, were 5- to 25-fold elevated in BPH tissues when compared to NP tissues (P ≤ .001). Urinary IL-8 levels were threefold to sixfold elevated in BPH patients, but not in asymptomatic males and females with lower urinary tract symptoms (P ≤ .004). The expression of the IL-8 axis components was confined to the prostate luminal epithelial cells in both normal and BPH tissues. However, these components were elevated in BPH-1 and primary explant cultures as compared to RWPE-1, NHPrE1, and BHPrE1 cells. Knockout of CXCR7 reduced IL-8, and CXCR1 expression by 4- to 10-fold and caused greater than or equal to 50% growth inhibition in BPH-1 cells. Low-dose OA + UA combination synergistically inhibited the growth of BPH-1 and BPH primary cultures. In the combination, the drug reduction indices for UA and OA were 16.4 and 7852, respectively, demonstrating that the combination was effective in inhibiting BPH-1 growth at significantly reduced doses of UA or OA alone. CONCLUSION The IL-8 axis is a promotor of BPH pathogenesis. Low-dose OA + UA combination inhibits BPH cell growth by inducing autophagy and reducing IL-8 axis expression in BPH-epithelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diandra K. Smith
- Department of Medicine, Georgia Cancer Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta, Georgia
| | - Sarrah L. Hasanali
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia
| | - Jiaojiao Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia
| | - Georgios Kallifatidis
- Department of Medicine, Georgia Cancer Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta, Georgia
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science and Mathematics, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia
- Research Service, Charlie Norwood Veterans Administration Medical Center, Augusta, Georgia
| | - Daley S. Morera
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia
| | - Andre R. Jordan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia
| | - Martha K. Terris
- Research Service, Charlie Norwood Veterans Administration Medical Center, Augusta, Georgia
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia
| | - Zachary Klaassen
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia
| | - Roni Bollag
- Department of Pathology, Bio-Repository Alliance of Georgia for Oncology (BRAG-Onc), Georgia Cancer Center, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia
| | - Vinata B. Lokeshwar
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia
| | - Bal L. Lokeshwar
- Department of Medicine, Georgia Cancer Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta, Georgia
- Research Service, Charlie Norwood Veterans Administration Medical Center, Augusta, Georgia
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia
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Kovalchuk O, Kovalchuk I. Cannabinoids as anticancer therapeutic agents. Cell Cycle 2020; 19:961-989. [PMID: 32249682 PMCID: PMC7217364 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2020.1742952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2019] [Revised: 02/16/2020] [Accepted: 03/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The recent announcement of marijuana legalization in Canada spiked many discussions about potential health benefits of Cannabis sativa. Cannabinoids are active chemical compounds produced by cannabis, and their numerous effects on the human body are primarily exerted through interactions with cannabinoid receptor types 1 (CB1) and 2 (CB2). Cannabinoids are broadly classified as endo-, phyto-, and synthetic cannabinoids. In this review, we will describe the activity of cannabinoids on the cellular level, comprehensively summarize the activity of all groups of cannabinoids on various cancers and propose several potential mechanisms of action of cannabinoids on cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga Kovalchuk
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, Alberta, Canada
- Pathway Rx Inc., Lethbridge, Alberta, Canada
| | - Igor Kovalchuk
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, Alberta, Canada
- Pathway Rx Inc., Lethbridge, Alberta, Canada
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Ge H, Yan Y, Yue C, Liang C, Wu J. Long Noncoding RNA LINC00265 Targets EGFR and Promotes Deterioration of Colorectal Cancer: A Comprehensive Study Based on Data Mining and in vitro Validation. Onco Targets Ther 2019; 12:10681-10692. [PMID: 31824175 PMCID: PMC6901053 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s227482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2019] [Accepted: 11/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background LncRNAs are found to be aberrantly expressed in human cancers and could function as potential oncogenes or tumor suppressor genes. LINC00265 is a newly discovered LncRNA and its function in colorectal cancer (CRC) remains unknown. Methods Comprehensive bioinformatics analysis were performed to investigate the expression, clinical significance and potential biologic functions of LINC00265 in CRC based on the data from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). To further investigate the potential role of LINC00265 in CRC, we knocked down the LINC00265 expression in HT29 cells. The cell proliferation, invasion, cycle distribution, and apoptosis were evaluated in control, NC and siRNA groups. Additionally, effect of LINC00265 on the expression of EGFR was also measured. Results The expression level of LINC00265 is increased in CRC tissues. Elevated level of LINC00265 is correlated with lymph node metastases and advanced pathological stage. We obtained 269 LINC00265 related genes; the results of functional analysis of these genes revealed that LINC00265 might involve in carcinogenesis of CRC. In addition, further experiments indicated that LINC00265 knockdown impaired cell proliferation and invasion, promoted cell cycle distribution and apoptosis in HT29 cells. Moreover, Western blot analysis revealed that downregulation of LINC00265 suppressed the expression of EGFR. Conclusion Our results indicate that LINC00265 induces cell proliferation, migration and inhibits CRC cells apoptosis by targeting EGFR. LINC00265 could be served as a diagnostic factor and therapeutic target for CRC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Ge
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First People's Hospital of Zunyi, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Yan
- Quality Control Department, The First People's Hospital of Zunyi, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Chaosen Yue
- Department of General Surgery, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Chaojie Liang
- Department of General Surgery, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Jixiang Wu
- Department of General Surgery, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
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Fontana G, Bruno M, Notarbartolo M, Labbozzetta M, Poma P, Spinella A, Rosselli S. Cytotoxicity of oleanolic and ursolic acid derivatives toward hepatocellular carcinoma and evaluation of NF-κB involvement. Bioorg Chem 2019; 90:103054. [PMID: 31212180 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2019.103054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2019] [Revised: 05/29/2019] [Accepted: 06/06/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Oleanolic and ursolic acids are two ubiquitous isomeric triterpene phytochemicals known for their anticancer activity. A set of derivatives of the two compounds with a modified oxidation state and lipophylicity at C-3 and C-28 positions, were prepared and tested as anticancer agents versus the lines HepG2, Hep3B and HA22T/VGH of hepatocarcinoma, a strongly aggressive tumor that is not responsive toward the standard therapies. New derivatives containing a three carbons side chain on the C-3 position were synthetized in both stereoisomeric forms by the Barbier-Grignard procedure and three of them were found to be active toward all of the three targets. The implication of the transcriptional nuclear factor NF-κB in the mechanism of action was assessed for the more active compounds in the set, as hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cyto-types are known to overexpress NF-κB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gianfranco Fontana
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche, Chimiche e Farmaceutiche (STEBICEF), Università degli Studi di Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, ed. 17, I-90128 Palermo, Italy.
| | - Maurizio Bruno
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche, Chimiche e Farmaceutiche (STEBICEF), Università degli Studi di Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, ed. 17, I-90128 Palermo, Italy.
| | - Monica Notarbartolo
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche, Chimiche e Farmaceutiche (STEBICEF), Università degli Studi di Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, ed. 17, I-90128 Palermo, Italy.
| | - Manuela Labbozzetta
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche, Chimiche e Farmaceutiche (STEBICEF), Università degli Studi di Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, ed. 17, I-90128 Palermo, Italy.
| | - Paola Poma
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche, Chimiche e Farmaceutiche (STEBICEF), Università degli Studi di Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, ed. 17, I-90128 Palermo, Italy.
| | - Alberto Spinella
- Centro Grandi Apparecchiature (CGA) - ATeN Center, University of Palermo, via F. Marini 14, 90128 Palermo, Italy.
| | - Sergio Rosselli
- Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie, Alimentari e Forestali (SAAF), Università degli Studi di Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, ed. 4, I-90128 Palermo, Italy.
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Central Role of Cell Cycle Regulation in the Antitumoral Action of Ocoxin. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11051068. [PMID: 31091680 PMCID: PMC6566638 DOI: 10.3390/nu11051068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2019] [Revised: 05/03/2019] [Accepted: 05/13/2019] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Nutritional supplements which include natural antitumoral compounds could represent safe and efficient additives for cancer patients. One such nutritional supplement, Ocoxin Oral solution (OOS), is a composite formulation that contains several antioxidants and exhibits antitumoral properties in several in vitro and in vivo tumor conditions. Here, we performed a functional genomic analysis to uncover the mechanism of the antitumoral action of OOS. Using in vivo models of acute myelogenous leukemia (AML, HEL cells, representative of a liquid tumor) and small-cell lung cancer (GLC-8, representative of a solid tumor), we showed that OOS treatment altered the transcriptome of xenografted tumors created by subcutaneously implanting these cells. Functional transcriptomic studies pointed to a cell cycle deregulation after OOS treatment. The main pathway responsible for this deregulation was the E2F-TFDP route, which was affected at different points. The alterations ultimately led to a decrease in pathway activation. Moreover, when OOS-deregulated genes in the AML context were analyzed in patient samples, a clear correlation with their levels and prognosis was observed. Together, these data led us to suggest that the antitumoral effect of OOS is due to blockade of cell cycle progression mainly caused by the action of OOS on the E2F-TFDP pathway.
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Abdelhafez OM, Ahmed EY, Abdel Latif NA, Arafa RK, Abd Elmageed ZY, Ali HI. Design and molecular modeling of novel P38α MAPK inhibitors targeting breast cancer, synthesized from oxygen heterocyclic natural compounds. Bioorg Med Chem 2019; 27:1308-1319. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2019.02.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2018] [Revised: 01/30/2019] [Accepted: 02/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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Pięt M, Paduch R. Ursolic and Oleanolic Acids as Potential Anticancer Agents Acting in the Gastrointestinal Tract. MINI-REV ORG CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.2174/1570193x15666180612090816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Background:Cancer is one of the main causes of death worldwide. Contemporary therapies, including chemo- and radiotherapy, are burdened with severe side effects. Thus, there exists an urgent need to develop therapies that would be less devastating to the patient’s body. Such novel approaches can be based on the anti-tumorigenic activity of particular compounds or may involve sensitizing cells to chemotherapy and radiotherapy or reducing the side-effects of regular treatment.Objective:Natural-derived compounds are becoming more and more popular in cancer research. Examples of such substances are Ursolic Acid (UA) and Oleanolic Acid (OA), plant-derived pentacyclic triterpenoids which possess numerous beneficial properties, including anti-tumorigenic activity.Results:In recent years, ursolic and oleanolic acids have been demonstrated to exert a range of anticancer effects on various types of tumors. These compounds inhibit the viability and proliferation of cancer cells, prevent their migration and metastasis and induce their apoptosis. Both in vitro and in vivo studies indicate that UA and OA are promising anti-cancer agents that can prevent carcinogenesis at each step. Furthermore, cancers at all stages are susceptible to the activity of these compounds. </P><P> Neoplasms that are formed in the gastrointestinal tract, i.e. gastric, colorectal, pancreatic, and liver cancers, are among the most common and most lethal malignancies. Their localization in the digestive system, however, facilitates the action of orally-administered (potential) anti-cancer agents, making chemopreventive drugs more accessible.In this paper, the anti-tumorigenic effect of ursolic and oleanolic acids on gastric, colon, pancreatic, and liver cancers, as well as the mechanisms underlying this process, are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mateusz Pięt
- Department of Virology and Immunology, Maria Curie-Sklodowska University, Akademicka 19, 20-033, Lublin, Poland
| | - Roman Paduch
- Department of Virology and Immunology, Maria Curie-Sklodowska University, Akademicka 19, 20-033, Lublin, Poland
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Khan MSA, Khundmiri SUK, Khundmiri SR, Al-Sanea MM, Mok PL. Fruit-Derived Polysaccharides and Terpenoids: Recent Update on the Gastroprotective Effects and Mechanisms. Front Pharmacol 2018; 9:569. [PMID: 29988459 PMCID: PMC6024987 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.00569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2018] [Accepted: 05/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Ulceration in the stomach develops in peptic ulcer disease when there is a loss of protective mucosal layers, particularly in Helicobacter pylori infection. Antibiotic therapy has failed to eradicate and impede the colonization of H. pylori. Despite given treatment, recurrent bleeding can occur and lead to death in the affected individual. The disease progression is also related to the non-steroidal inflammatory drug and stress. There are extensive research efforts to identify the gastroprotective property from various alkaloids, flavonoids, and tannins compounds from plants and marine. These natural products are believed to be safe for consumption. However, not much attention was given to summarize the carbohydrate and terpenoidal anti-ulcer compounds. Hence, this review will cover the possible mechanisms and information about acidic hydroxylans, arabinogalactan and rhamnogalacturon; and limonene, pinene, lupeol, citral, ursolic acid and nomilin to exemplify on the gastroprotective properties of polysaccharides and terpenoid, respectively, obtained from fruits. These compounds could act as a prebiotic to prevent the inhabitation of H. pylori, modulate the inflammation, suppress gastric cancer growth, and capable of stimulating the reparative mechanisms on the affected regions. Finally, this review provides the future research prospects of these natural compounds in an effort to develop new therapy for gastrointestinal tissue healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Safwan Ali Khan
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmacology, Anwarul Uloom College of Pharmacy, Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University – Hyderabad (JNTUH), Hyderabad, India
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Seri Kembangan, Malaysia
| | - Syeda Umme Kulsoom Khundmiri
- Department of Pharmacology, Anwarul Uloom College of Pharmacy, Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University – Hyderabad (JNTUH), Hyderabad, India
| | - Syeda Rukhaiya Khundmiri
- Department of Pharmacology, Anwarul Uloom College of Pharmacy, Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University – Hyderabad (JNTUH), Hyderabad, India
| | - Mohammad M. Al-Sanea
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka, Saudi Arabia
| | - Pooi Ling Mok
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Seri Kembangan, Malaysia
- Genetics and Regenerative Medicine Research Centre, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Seri Kembangan, Malaysia
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jouf University, Sakaka, Saudi Arabia
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Structure and Anti-HIV Activity of Betulinic Acid Analogues. Curr Med Sci 2018; 38:387-397. [PMID: 30074203 DOI: 10.1007/s11596-018-1891-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2017] [Revised: 10/13/2017] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Firstly discovered in 1980s, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) continues to affect more and more people. However, there is no effective drug available for the therapy of HIV infection. Betulinic acid existing in various medicinal herbs and fruits exhibits multiple biological effects, especially its outstanding anti-HIV activity, which has drawn the attentions of many pharmacists. Among the derivatives of betulinic acid, some compounds exhibited inhibitory activities at the nanomolar concentration, and have entered phase II clinical trials. This paper summarizes the current investigations on the anti-HIV activity of betulinic acid analogues, and provides valuable data for subsequent researches.
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Chen H, Zhou B, Yang J, Ma X, Deng S, Huang Y, Wen Y, Yuan J, Yang X. Essential Oil Derived From Eupatorium adenophorum Spreng. Mediates Anticancer Effect by Inhibiting STAT3 and AKT Activation to Induce Apoptosis in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Front Pharmacol 2018; 9:483. [PMID: 29867489 PMCID: PMC5963395 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.00483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2018] [Accepted: 04/24/2018] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Eupatorium adenophorum Spreng. (EA) is a well-known noxious invasive species. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis revealed that the essential oil derived from EA (EAEO) is mainly composed of sesquiterpenes. However, the pharmacological value of EAEO in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains largely unexplored. Herein, we investigated the anti-HCC activities of EAEO, and explored the potential mechanisms of EAEO-induced apoptosis. An MTT assay showed that EAEO inhibited HCC cell proliferation with little toxicity on normal liver cells. Wound healing and FACS assays revealed that EAEO suppressed HCC cell migration and arrested cell cycle, respectively. Moreover, EAEO promoted in vitro HCC cell apoptosis, and EAEO treatment inhibited HepG2 xenografts growth and enhanced apoptotic nucleus of xenografts in HepG2-bearing nude mice. Mechanistically, EAEO significantly decreased the ratio of Bcl-2/Bax and resulted in the activation of caspase-9 and -3. EAEO also reduced the expression of Grp78, which in turn relieved the inhibition of caspase-12 and -7. Meanwhile, EAEO suppressed the phosphorylation of STAT3 and AKT, indicative of its anti-HCC potential. In summary, we determined that EAEO treatment promoted HCC apoptosis via activation of the apoptotic signaling pathway in mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum, as well as repressed the activity of STAT3 and AKT in HCC cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Chen
- College of Pharmacy, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, China
| | - Bei Zhou
- College of Pharmacy, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, China
| | - Jie Yang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan, China
| | - Xinhua Ma
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan, China
| | - Shihao Deng
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan, China
| | - Yun Huang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan, China
| | - Yanzhang Wen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan, China
| | - Jingquan Yuan
- College of Pharmacy, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, China
- Guangxi Botanical Garden of Medicinal Plants, Nanning, China
| | - Xinzhou Yang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan, China
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Huang W, He J, Nisar MF, Li H, Wan C. Phytochemical and Pharmacological Properties of Chaenomeles speciosa: An Edible Medicinal Chinese Mugua. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2018; 2018:9591845. [PMID: 30622618 PMCID: PMC6304597 DOI: 10.1155/2018/9591845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2018] [Revised: 11/26/2018] [Accepted: 12/03/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Chaenomeles plants are adapted to diverse ecological zones particularly the temperate areas of Korea, Japan, and China. In China, Chaenomeles speciosa is mainly planted in Chongqing, Anhui, and Hubei provinces. Most of the studies till date have been focused on the anti-inflammatory activities of C. speciosa fractions. The present study aimed to review the maximum literature reported for the presence of various phytochemicals in C. speciosa. In addition, the pharmacological properties of these chemical compounds of this plant shall also be discussed. The extracts of the various parts of the plant are rich in diversity of antioxidants, organic acids, phenolics, terpenoids, and many different phytochemicals that bear strong anticancer, antioxidant, antiviral, antibacterial properties, anti-inflammation, antihyperlipidemic, antihyperglycemic, and anti-Parkinson properties. C. speciosa fruits have broad scope in industry as well as in medicines. Not only the leaves and fruits of C. speciosa plant, but various other parts including roots, seeds, bark twigs, and flowers all have long history of clinical trials in curing many human ailments. However, the maximum accessible data concerning the chemical compositions and their broad pharmacological properties of C. speciosa plant parts is pretty restricted that make it more appealing for in-depth investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weifeng Huang
- 1Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical College, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei 443002, China
| | - Junwei He
- 2Research Center of Natural Resources of Chinese Medicinal Materials and Ethnic Medicine, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, China
| | - Muhammad Farrukh Nisar
- 3Interdisciplinary Research Centre in Biomedical Materials (IRCBM), COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Hongshui Li
- 4The Second People Hospital of Dezhou, Dezhou 253022, China
| | - Chunpeng Wan
- 5Jiangxi Key Laboratory for Postharvest Technology and Nondestructive Testing of Fruits & Vegetables, Collaborative Innovation Center of Post-Harvest Key Technology and Quality Safety of Fruits and Vegetables, College of Agronomy, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
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Chi KQ, Wei ZY, Wang KS, Wu J, Chen WQ, Jin XJ, Piao HR. Design, synthesis, and evaluation of novel ursolic acid derivatives as HIF-1α inhibitors with anticancer potential. Bioorg Chem 2017; 75:157-169. [PMID: 28950243 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2017.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2017] [Revised: 09/18/2017] [Accepted: 09/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α), a key mediator in tumor metastasis and angiogenesis, is associated with poor patient prognosis and has been recognized as an important cancer drug target. In this work, four novel series of ursolic acid derivatives containing oxadiazole, triazolone, and piperazine moieties were designed, synthesized, and evaluated for anti-tumor activity as HIF-1α inhibitors. The majority of the compounds showed an excellent ability to inhibit the expression of HIF-1α. In particular, 11b inhibited HIF-1α transcriptional activity under hypoxic conditions with IC50=36.9μM. The cytotoxicity of these compounds was also assessed in human colon cancer cell HCT116 cells by the 3-(4,5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2,5-diphenyl-2-H-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay, and no compounds showed any appreciable cytotoxic activity (IC50>100μmol/L), which was lower than that of ursolic acid (IC50=23.8μmol/L). The mechanism of action of the representative compound 11b was also investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke-Qiang Chi
- Key Laboratory of Natural Resources of Changbai Mountain & Functional Molecules, Ministry of Education, Yanbian University College of Pharmacy, Yanji 133002, China; Medical College of Dalian University, Dalian 116622, China
| | - Zhi-Yu Wei
- Key Laboratory of Natural Resources of Changbai Mountain & Functional Molecules, Ministry of Education, Yanbian University College of Pharmacy, Yanji 133002, China; Medical College of Dalian University, Dalian 116622, China
| | - Ke-Si Wang
- Key Laboratory of Natural Resources of Changbai Mountain & Functional Molecules, Ministry of Education, Yanbian University College of Pharmacy, Yanji 133002, China; Medical College of Dalian University, Dalian 116622, China
| | - Jie Wu
- Key Laboratory of Natural Resources of Changbai Mountain & Functional Molecules, Ministry of Education, Yanbian University College of Pharmacy, Yanji 133002, China
| | - Wei-Qiang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Natural Resources of Changbai Mountain & Functional Molecules, Ministry of Education, Yanbian University College of Pharmacy, Yanji 133002, China
| | - Xue-Jun Jin
- Key Laboratory of Natural Resources of Changbai Mountain & Functional Molecules, Ministry of Education, Yanbian University College of Pharmacy, Yanji 133002, China.
| | - Hu-Ri Piao
- Key Laboratory of Natural Resources of Changbai Mountain & Functional Molecules, Ministry of Education, Yanbian University College of Pharmacy, Yanji 133002, China.
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Su X, Wu L, Hu M, Dong W, Xu M, Zhang P. Glycyrrhizic acid: A promising carrier material for anticancer therapy. Biomed Pharmacother 2017; 95:670-678. [PMID: 28886526 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.08.123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2017] [Revised: 08/11/2017] [Accepted: 08/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Drug delivery systems have become an integral part of anticancer drugs today. Design of novel drug carriers may lead to significant enhancement in antineoplastic therapy. Glycyrrhizic acid (GL), which is the most important active ingredient extracted from the licorice root shows great potential as a carrier material in this field. Recent studies have indicated that the combination of GL and first-line drugs had better therapeutic effects on cancers. GL showed a series of anti-cancer-related pharmacological activities, such as broad-spectrum anti-cancer ability, resistance to the tissue toxicity caused by chemotherapy and radiation, drug absorption enhancing effects and anti-multidrug resistance (MDR) mechanisms, as a carrier material in drug delivery systems. This review introduced the current research progress on pharmacological mechanisms of GL and development of GL-based drug carriers in anti-cancer field to provide basis for the application prospects of GL. The design of novel GL-based drug delivery systems will bring new opportunities and challenges to anti-cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xitong Su
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Lei Wu
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Mingming Hu
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Wenxiang Dong
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Meng Xu
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Peng Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China.
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44
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Tarhouni-Jabberi S, Zakraoui O, Ioannou E, Riahi-Chebbi I, Haoues M, Roussis V, Kharrat R, Essafi-Benkhadir K. Mertensene, a Halogenated Monoterpene, Induces G2/M Cell Cycle Arrest and Caspase Dependent Apoptosis of Human Colon Adenocarcinoma HT29 Cell Line through the Modulation of ERK-1/-2, AKT and NF-κB Signaling. Mar Drugs 2017; 15:E221. [PMID: 28726723 PMCID: PMC5532663 DOI: 10.3390/md15070221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2017] [Revised: 06/29/2017] [Accepted: 07/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Conventional treatment of advanced colorectal cancer is associated with tumor resistance and toxicity towards normal tissues. Therefore, development of effective anticancer therapeutic alternatives is still urgently required. Nowadays, marine secondary metabolites have been extensively investigated due to the fact that they frequently exhibit anti-tumor properties. However, little attention has been given to terpenoids isolated from seaweeds. In this study, we isolated the halogenated monoterpene mertensene from the red alga Pterocladiella capillacea (S.G. Gmelin) Santelices and Hommersand and we highlight its inhibitory effect on the viability of two human colorectal adenocarcinoma cell lines HT29 and LS174. Interestingly, exposure of HT29 cells to different concentrations of mertensene correlated with the activation of MAPK ERK-1/-2, Akt and NF-κB pathways. Moreover, mertensene-induced G2/M cell cycle arrest was associated with a decrease in the phosphorylated forms of the anti-tumor transcription factor p53, retinoblastoma protein (Rb), cdc2 and chkp2. Indeed, a reduction of the cellular level of cyclin-dependent kinases CDK2 and CDK4 was observed in mertensene-treated cells. We also demonstrated that mertensene triggers a caspase-dependent apoptosis in HT29 cancer cells characterized by the activation of caspase-3 and the cleavage of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP). Besides, the level of death receptor-associated protein TRADD increased significantly in a concentration-dependent manner. Taken together, these results demonstrate the potential of mertensene as a drug candidate for the treatment of colon cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Safa Tarhouni-Jabberi
- Institut Pasteur de Tunis, Laboratoire de Toxines Alimentaires, LR11IPT08 Laboratoire des Venins et Molécules Thérapeutiques, 1002 Tunis, Tunisia.
- Faculté des Sciences de Bizerte, Université de Carthage, 1002 Tunis, Tunisia.
| | - Ons Zakraoui
- Institut Pasteur de Tunis, LR11IPT04 Laboratoire d'Epidémiologie Moléculaire et de Pathologie Expérimentale Appliquée Aux Maladies Infectieuses, 1002 Tunis, Tunisia.
- Université de Tunis El Manar, 1068 Tunis, Tunisia.
| | - Efstathia Ioannou
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Chemistry of Natural Products, Faculty of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis Zografou, Athens 15771, Greece.
| | - Ichrak Riahi-Chebbi
- Institut Pasteur de Tunis, LR11IPT04 Laboratoire d'Epidémiologie Moléculaire et de Pathologie Expérimentale Appliquée Aux Maladies Infectieuses, 1002 Tunis, Tunisia.
- Université de Tunis El Manar, 1068 Tunis, Tunisia.
| | - Meriam Haoues
- Université de Tunis El Manar, 1068 Tunis, Tunisia.
- Institut Pasteur de Tunis, LR11IPT02 Laboratoire de Recherche sur la Transmission, le Contrôle et l'Immunobiologie des Infections, 1002 Tunis, Tunisia.
| | - Vassilios Roussis
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Chemistry of Natural Products, Faculty of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis Zografou, Athens 15771, Greece.
| | - Riadh Kharrat
- Institut Pasteur de Tunis, Laboratoire de Toxines Alimentaires, LR11IPT08 Laboratoire des Venins et Molécules Thérapeutiques, 1002 Tunis, Tunisia.
- Université de Tunis El Manar, 1068 Tunis, Tunisia.
| | - Khadija Essafi-Benkhadir
- Institut Pasteur de Tunis, LR11IPT04 Laboratoire d'Epidémiologie Moléculaire et de Pathologie Expérimentale Appliquée Aux Maladies Infectieuses, 1002 Tunis, Tunisia.
- Université de Tunis El Manar, 1068 Tunis, Tunisia.
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Victor MM, David JM, Sakukuma MCK, Costa-Lotufo LV, Moura AF, Araújo AJ. Terpene Esters from Natural Products: Synthesis and Evaluation of Cytotoxic Activity. AN ACAD BRAS CIENC 2017; 89:1369-1379. [PMID: 28813102 DOI: 10.1590/0001-3765201720160780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2016] [Accepted: 02/22/2017] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Natural steroids and triterpenes such as b-sitosterol, stigmasterol, lupeol, ursolic and betulinic acids were transformed into its hexanoic and oleic esters, to evaluate the influence of chemical modification towards the cytotoxic activities against tumor cells. The derivatives were evaluated against five tumor cell lines [OVCAR-8 (ovarian carcinoma); SF-295 (glioblastoma); HCT-116 (colon adenocarcinoma); HL-60 (leukemia); and PC-3 (prostate carcinoma)] and the results showed only betulinic acid hexyl ester exhibits cytotoxic potential activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mauricio M Victor
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Depto de Química Orgânica, Rua Barão do Jeremoabo, s/n, Campus de Ondina, Ondina, 40170-115 Salvador, BA, Brazil
- Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia/INCT de Energia e Ambiente,Universidade Federal da Bahia/UFBA, Rua Barão de Geremoabo, 147, Campus de Ondina, 40170-290 Salvador, BA, Brazil
| | - Jorge M David
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Depto de Química Orgânica, Rua Barão do Jeremoabo, s/n, Campus de Ondina, Ondina, 40170-115 Salvador, BA, Brazil
- Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia/INCT de Energia e Ambiente,Universidade Federal da Bahia/UFBA, Rua Barão de Geremoabo, 147, Campus de Ondina, 40170-290 Salvador, BA, Brazil
| | - Maria C K Sakukuma
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Depto de Química Orgânica, Rua Barão do Jeremoabo, s/n, Campus de Ondina, Ondina, 40170-115 Salvador, BA, Brazil
- Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia/INCT de Energia e Ambiente,Universidade Federal da Bahia/UFBA, Rua Barão de Geremoabo, 147, Campus de Ondina, 40170-290 Salvador, BA, Brazil
| | - Letícia V Costa-Lotufo
- Departamento de Fisiologia e Farmacologia, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Av. Coronel Nunes de Melo, 1127, Rodolfo Teófilo, 60430-270 Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
- Departamento de Farmacologia, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Professor Lineu Prestes, 1524, Cidade Universitária, Butantã, 05508-900 São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Andrea F Moura
- Departamento de Fisiologia e Farmacologia, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Av. Coronel Nunes de Melo, 1127, Rodolfo Teófilo, 60430-270 Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Ana J Araújo
- Departamento de Fisiologia e Farmacologia, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Av. Coronel Nunes de Melo, 1127, Rodolfo Teófilo, 60430-270 Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
- Universidade Federal do Piauí, Av. São Sebastião, 2819, São Benedito, Campus Ministro Reis Velloso, 64202-020 Parnaíba, PB, Brazil
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Chen J, Wang T, Xu S, Lin A, Yao H, Xie W, Zhu Z, Xu J. Novel hybrids of natural β-elemene bearing isopropanolamine moieties: Synthesis, enhanced anticancer profile, and improved aqueous solubility. Fitoterapia 2017; 120:117-125. [PMID: 28576721 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2017.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2017] [Revised: 05/12/2017] [Accepted: 05/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
A series of novel β-elemene isopropanolamine derivatives were synthesized and evaluated for their antitumor activity. The results indicated that all of the compounds showed stronger antiproliferative activities than β-elemene as well as improved aqueous solubility. In particular dimer 6q showed the strongest cytotoxicity against four tumor cell lines (SGC-7901, HeLa, U87 and A549) with IC50 values ranging from 4.37 to 10.20μM. Moreover, combination of 6q with cisplatin exhibited a synergistic effect on these cell lines with IC50 values ranging from 1.21 to 2.94μM, and reversed the resistance of A549/DPP cells with an IC50 value of 2.52μM. The mechanism study revealed that 6q caused cell cycle arrest at the G2 phase and induced apoptosis of SGC-7901 cells through a mitochondrial-dependent apoptotic pathway. Further in vivo study in H22 liver cancer xenograft mouse model validated the antitumor activity of 6q with a tumor inhibitory ratio (TIR) of 60.3%, which was higher than that of β-elemene (TIR, 49.1%) at a dose of 60mg/kg. Altogether, the potent antitumor activity of 6qin vitro and in vivo warranted further preclinical investigation for potential anticancer chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jichao Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Department of Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing 210009, PR China
| | - Tianyu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Department of Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing 210009, PR China
| | - Shengtao Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Department of Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing 210009, PR China
| | - Aijun Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Department of Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing 210009, PR China
| | - Hequan Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Department of Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing 210009, PR China.
| | - Weijia Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Department of Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing 210009, PR China
| | - Zheying Zhu
- Division of Molecular Therapeutics & Formulation, School of Pharmacy, The University of Nottingham, University Park Campus, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK.
| | - Jinyi Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Department of Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing 210009, PR China.
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Zhou M, Zhang RH, Wang M, Xu GB, Liao SG. Prodrugs of triterpenoids and their derivatives. Eur J Med Chem 2017; 131:222-236. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2017.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2016] [Revised: 03/01/2017] [Accepted: 03/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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48
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Nevzorova YA, Grossmann J, Trautwein C. Anti-tumorigenic and anti-angiogenic effects of natural conifer Abies sibirica terpenoids in vivo and in vitro. Biomed Pharmacother 2017; 89:386-395. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.02.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2016] [Revised: 02/09/2017] [Accepted: 02/10/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
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49
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PLGA-PEG-PLGA triblock copolymeric micelles as oral drug delivery system: In vitro drug release and in vivo pharmacokinetics assessment. J Colloid Interface Sci 2017; 490:542-552. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2016.11.089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2016] [Revised: 11/23/2016] [Accepted: 11/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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50
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Donadu MG, Usai D, Mazzarello V, Molicotti P, Cannas S, Bellardi MG, Zanetti S. Change in Caco-2 cells following treatment with various lavender essential oils. Nat Prod Res 2017; 31:2203-2206. [PMID: 28114805 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2017.1280489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Lavender is an aromatic evergreen shrub diffused in the Mediterranean basin appreciated since antiquity. The genus Lavandula is part of Lamiaceae family and includes more than 20 species, among which true lavender (L. vera D.C. or L. angustifolia Miller.) and spike lavender (L. latifolia Medikus); there are also numerous hybrids known as lavandins (L. hybrida Rev.). L. vera, spike lavender and several hybrids are the most intensely used breeding species for the production of essential oils. Lavender and lavandin essential oils have been applied in food, pharmaceutical and other agro industries as biological products. In their chemical composition, terpenes linalool and linalyl acetate along with terpenoids such as 1,8-cineole are mostly responsible for biological and therapeutic activities. This study evaluates cytotoxic activity of essential oils derived from four lavender species on human epithelial colorectal adenocarcinoma cells. Analysis of pre- and post-treatment cell morphology has been performed using scanning electron microscope.
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Affiliation(s)
- M G Donadu
- a Department of Biomedical Science , University of Sassari , Sassari , Italy
| | - D Usai
- a Department of Biomedical Science , University of Sassari , Sassari , Italy
| | - V Mazzarello
- a Department of Biomedical Science , University of Sassari , Sassari , Italy
| | - P Molicotti
- a Department of Biomedical Science , University of Sassari , Sassari , Italy
| | - S Cannas
- a Department of Biomedical Science , University of Sassari , Sassari , Italy
| | - M G Bellardi
- b Department of Agricultural Sciences , University of Bologna , Bologna , Italy
| | - S Zanetti
- a Department of Biomedical Science , University of Sassari , Sassari , Italy
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