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Pathak GA, Singh K, Wendt FR, Fleming TW, Overstreet C, Koller D, Tylee DS, De Angelis F, Cabrera Mendoza B, Levey DF, Koenen KC, Krystal JH, Pietrzak RH, O' Donell C, Gaziano JM, Falcone G, Stein MB, Gelernter J, Pasaniuc B, Mancuso N, Davis LK, Polimanti R. Genetically regulated multi-omics study for symptom clusters of posttraumatic stress disorder highlights pleiotropy with hematologic and cardio-metabolic traits. Mol Psychiatry 2022; 27:1394-1404. [PMID: 35241783 PMCID: PMC9210390 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-022-01488-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Revised: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a psychiatric disorder that may arise in response to severe traumatic event and is diagnosed based on three main symptom clusters (reexperiencing, avoidance, and hyperarousal) per the Diagnostic Manual of Mental Disorders (version DSM-IV-TR). In this study, we characterized the biological heterogeneity of PTSD symptom clusters by performing a multi-omics investigation integrating genetically regulated gene, splicing, and protein expression in dorsolateral prefrontal cortex tissue within a sample of US veterans enrolled in the Million Veteran Program (N total = 186,689). We identified 30 genes in 19 regions across the three PTSD symptom clusters. We found nine genes to have cell-type specific expression, and over-representation of miRNA-families - miR-148, 30, and 8. Gene-drug target prioritization approach highlighted cyclooxygenase and acetylcholine compounds. Next, we tested molecular-profile based phenome-wide impact of identified genes with respect to 1678 phenotypes derived from the Electronic Health Records of the Vanderbilt University biorepository (N = 70,439). Lastly, we tested for local genetic correlation across PTSD symptom clusters which highlighted metabolic (e.g., obesity, diabetes, vascular health) and laboratory traits (e.g., neutrophil, eosinophil, tau protein, creatinine kinase). Overall, this study finds comprehensive genomic evidence including clinical and regulatory profiles between PTSD, hematologic and cardiometabolic traits, that support comorbidities observed in epidemiologic studies of PTSD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gita A Pathak
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, West Haven, CT, 06516, USA
- VA CT Healthcare Center, West Haven, CT, 06516, USA
| | - Kritika Singh
- Division of Genetic Medicine, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
- Vanderbilt Genetics Institute, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Frank R Wendt
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, West Haven, CT, 06516, USA
- VA CT Healthcare Center, West Haven, CT, 06516, USA
| | - Tyne W Fleming
- Division of Genetic Medicine, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
- Vanderbilt Genetics Institute, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Cassie Overstreet
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, West Haven, CT, 06516, USA
- VA CT Healthcare Center, West Haven, CT, 06516, USA
| | - Dora Koller
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, West Haven, CT, 06516, USA
- VA CT Healthcare Center, West Haven, CT, 06516, USA
| | - Daniel S Tylee
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, West Haven, CT, 06516, USA
- VA CT Healthcare Center, West Haven, CT, 06516, USA
| | - Flavio De Angelis
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, West Haven, CT, 06516, USA
- VA CT Healthcare Center, West Haven, CT, 06516, USA
- Division of Genetic Medicine, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Brenda Cabrera Mendoza
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, West Haven, CT, 06516, USA
- VA CT Healthcare Center, West Haven, CT, 06516, USA
| | - Daniel F Levey
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, West Haven, CT, 06516, USA
- VA CT Healthcare Center, West Haven, CT, 06516, USA
| | - Karestan C Koenen
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - John H Krystal
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, West Haven, CT, 06516, USA
- VA CT Healthcare Center, West Haven, CT, 06516, USA
- Clinical Neurosciences Division, U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs National Center for PTSD, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Robert H Pietrzak
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, West Haven, CT, 06516, USA
- Clinical Neurosciences Division, U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs National Center for PTSD, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Christopher O' Donell
- Cardiology Section, Department of Medicine, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - J Michael Gaziano
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Massachusetts Veterans Epidemiology Research and Information Center (MAVERIC), VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Guido Falcone
- Division of Neurocritical Care and Emergency Neurology, Department of Neurology, Yale School of Medicine, 15 York Street, LLCI 1004D, Box 208018, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA
| | - Murray B Stein
- VA San Diego Healthcare System, Psychiatry Service, San Diego, CA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Joel Gelernter
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, West Haven, CT, 06516, USA
- VA CT Healthcare Center, West Haven, CT, 06516, USA
| | - Bogdan Pasaniuc
- Departments of Computational Medicine, Human Genetics, Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Nicholas Mancuso
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Center for Genetic Epidemiology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Lea K Davis
- Division of Genetic Medicine, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
- Vanderbilt Genetics Institute, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Renato Polimanti
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, West Haven, CT, 06516, USA.
- VA CT Healthcare Center, West Haven, CT, 06516, USA.
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Chen HH, Stewart AFR. Transcriptomic Signature of Atherosclerosis in the Peripheral Blood: Fact or Fiction? Curr Atheroscler Rep 2017; 18:77. [PMID: 27815828 DOI: 10.1007/s11883-016-0634-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
The notion that gene expression signatures in blood can serve as biomarkers of disease states is not new. In the case of atherosclerosis, and coronary artery disease in particular, whether changes in gene expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells reflects disease processes occurring in the vessel wall remains controversial. When comparing 15 studies that identified 706 differentially expressed genes, only 23 genes were replicated in 2 to 3 studies, at most. This low level of replication may reflect sample sizes too small to overcome heterogeneity in the response to disease. Genetic differences affect how each person responds to disease and what genes are altered. Recent studies with larger cohorts (over 5000 individuals) that considered the effect of common genetic variants still could not claim disease signature genes as biomarkers suggesting that even larger case-control studies will be required to achieve the required statistical power. On the other hand, out of 7 studies that identified 58 microRNAs, 12 were concordant in 2 or more studies, suggesting that microRNAs may be less affected by genetic differences and more accurately reflect the disease process. Here, we review the current state of knowledge on expression profiling and its utility for predicting coronary artery disease status and mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsiao-Huei Chen
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada.,Department of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Alexandre F R Stewart
- Department of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada. .,University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
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Blum A, Pastukh N, Zaroura I, Rotem J, Kamal F. Impaired ability to grow colonies of endothelial stem cells could be the mechanism explaining the high cardiovascular morbidity and mortality of patients with depression. QJM 2017; 110:501-506. [PMID: 28340040 DOI: 10.1093/qjmed/hcx059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Subjects with depression are more prone to develop cardiovascular complications. Severity of depression is associated with higher rates of cardiovascular mortality and morbidity. Several mechanisms were suggested including accelerated atherosclerosis, alteration of the cardiac autonomic response with a decrease in heart rate variability. There is evidence that circulating endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) are decreased in patients with major depression. Our hypothesis was that patients with depression would have an impaired ability to build colonies of EPCs. METHODS A prospective study enrolled twenty women with a diagnosis of major. All were not treated before for depression. Thirteen healthy age-matched women served as controls. All signed a consent form before recruitment to the study. Peripheral blood was drawn to build colonies of EPCs within 5 days. ELISA methods were used to measure levels of vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). RESULTS Twenty female patients with depression were recruited. The mean age was 43 ± 14 years (vs. controls 41 ± 11 years, P = 0.682), patients' average CFU-EPCs was 7 ± 8 colonies per well (controls 31 ± 11, P = 0.0001), VCAM-1 level was 121.7 ± 3.0 ng/ml (controls 119.3 ± 3.1 pg/ml, P = 0.037), VEGF level was 6.4 ± 0.2 pg/ml (controls 5.2 ± 0.5 pg/ml, P = 0.0001). An inverse correlation was found between VEGF level and EPCs' colonies (r = -0.547, P < 0.001) and between age and CFU-EPCs (r = -0.576, P = 0.008). CONCLUSIONS We found that patients with major depression had high levels of VCAM-1 and VEGF. They also had a significant inhibition of EPCs' colonies. An inverse correlation was found between levels of VEGF and the ability to grow colonies of EPCs in culture.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Blum
- Department of Medicine, Vascular Biology/Stem Cells Research Unit, Baruch Padeh Poria Medical Center
| | - N Pastukh
- Department of Medicine, Vascular Biology/Stem Cells Research Unit, Baruch Padeh Poria Medical Center
| | - I Zaroura
- Department of Medicine, Vascular Biology/Stem Cells Research Unit, Baruch Padeh Poria Medical Center
| | - J Rotem
- Department of Medicine, Vascular Biology/Stem Cells Research Unit, Baruch Padeh Poria Medical Center
| | - F Kamal
- Department of Psychiatry, EMMS Nazareth Hospital, Faculty of Medicine in the Galilee, Bar Ilan University, Tiberias, Israel
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Li J, Zhou C, Li J, Wan Y, Li T, Ma P, Wang Y, Sang H. Gene expression profiling of CD133-positive cells in coronary artery disease. Mol Med Rep 2015; 12:7512-6. [PMID: 26458356 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2015.4359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2014] [Accepted: 06/26/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Gene expression profiles of CD133-positive cells from patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) were analyzed to identify key genes associated with cardiac therapy. Furthermore, the effect of exercise on gene expression was also investigated. Gene expression data set (accession number: GSE18608) was downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus, including blood samples from four healthy subjects (H), and from 10 patients with coronary artery disease at baseline (B) and after 3 months (3M) of exercise. Differential analysis was performed for H vs. B and H vs. 3M using limma package of R. Two‑way cluster analysis was performed using the expression levels of the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) by package pheatmap of R. Functional enrichment analysis was applied on the DEGs using the Database for Annotation, Visualization and Integrated Discovery. Relevant small molecules were predicted using the Connectivity map database (cMap). A total of 131 and 71 DEGs were identified in patients with CAD prior to and following 3 months of exercise. The two groups of DEGs were compared and 44 genes overlapped. In cluster analysis with the expression levels of the common DEGs, patients with CAD could be well separated from the healthy controls. Functional enrichment analysis showed that response to peptide hormone stimulus and anti‑apoptosis pathways were significantly enriched in the common DEGs. A total of 12 relevant small molecules were revealed by cMap based upon the expression levels of common DEGs, such as 5252917 and MG‑262. Three months of exercise in part normalized the gene expression in CAD patients. The genes not altered by exercise may be the targets of small molecules, such as 5252917 and MG-262.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayu Li
- Department of Cardiology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130033, P.R. China
| | - Changyu Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130033, P.R. China
| | - Jiarui Li
- Department of Pharmacy, The Tumor Hospital of Jilin, Changchun, Jilin 130033, P.R. China
| | - Yingchun Wan
- Department of Endocrinology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130033, P.R. China
| | - Tao Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130033, P.R. China
| | - Piyong Ma
- Department of Emergency, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130033, P.R. China
| | - Yingjian Wang
- Department of Gynaecology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130033, P.R. China
| | - Haiyan Sang
- Department of Cardiology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130033, P.R. China
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Basson J, Sung YJ, Fuentes LDL, Schwander K, Cupples LA, Rao DC. Influence of Smoking Status and Intensity on Discovery of Blood Pressure Loci Through Gene-Smoking Interactions. Genet Epidemiol 2015; 39:480-488. [PMID: 25940791 DOI: 10.1002/gepi.21904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2015] [Revised: 03/27/2015] [Accepted: 04/01/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Genetic variation accounts for approximately 30% of blood pressure (BP) variability but most of that variability has not been attributed to specific variants. Interactions between genes and BP-associated factors may explain some "missing heritability." Cigarette smoking increases BP after short-term exposure and decreases BP with longer exposure. Gene-smoking interactions have discovered novel BP loci, but the contribution of smoking status and intensity to gene discovery is unknown. METHODS We analyzed gene-smoking intensity interactions for association with systolic BP (SBP) in three subgroups from the Framingham Heart Study: current smokers only (N = 1,057), current and former smokers ("ever smokers," N = 3,374), and all subjects (N = 6,710). We used three smoking intensity variables defined at cutoffs of 10, 15, and 20 cigarettes per day (CPD). We evaluated the 1 degree-of-freedom (df) interaction and 2df joint test using generalized estimating equations. RESULTS Analysis of current smokers using a CPD cutoff of 10 produced two loci associated with SBP. The rs9399633 minor allele was associated with increased SBP (5 mmHg) in heavy smokers (CPD > 10) but decreased SBP (7 mmHg) in light smokers (CPD ≤ 10). The rs11717948 minor allele was associated with decreased SBP (8 mmHg) in light smokers but decreased SBP (2 mmHg) in heavy smokers. Across all nine analyses, 19 additional loci reached P < 1 × 10(-6). DISCUSSION Analysis of current smokers may have the highest power to detect gene-smoking interactions, despite the reduced sample size. Associations of loci near SASH1 and KLHL6/KLHL24 with SBP may be modulated by tobacco smoking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob Basson
- Division of Biostatistics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Yun Ju Sung
- Division of Biostatistics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Lisa de Las Fuentes
- Division of Biostatistics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA.,Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Division, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Karen Schwander
- Division of Biostatistics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - L Adrienne Cupples
- The Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA, 01702, USA.,Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, 02118, USA
| | - D C Rao
- Division of Biostatistics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
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