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Park C, Rhyu HJ, Lee J, Kim J, Lee EJ, Kim SK, Myung S. Influence of Oxygen Vacancies Introduced via Acceptor (Gadolinium) Doping to the Pseudocapacitive Properties of Nano-Sized Cerium Oxide. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024:e2401925. [PMID: 39007535 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202401925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2024] [Revised: 05/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024]
Abstract
The voluntary introduction of defects can be considered an effective strategy for enhancing the electrochemical properties of metal oxide electrodes. In this study, the enhanced pseudocapacitive properties of an acceptor (Gd) doped cerium oxide nanoparticle-a sustainable metal oxide with low environmental and human toxicity-are investigated in depth using ex situ X-ray photoemission spectroscopy (XPS) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). Interestingly, with 15 at% Gd doping (15GDC), the specific capacitance of the nanoparticles measured at 1 A g-1 enhanced to 547.8 F g-1, which is fivefold higher than undoped CeO2 (98.7 F g-1 at 1 A g-1). The rate-dependent capacitance is also improved for 15GDC, which showed a 31.0% decrease in the specific capacitance upon a tenfold increase in the current density, while CeO2 showed a 49.9% decrease. The enhanced electrochemical properties are studied in depth via ex situ XPS and EIS analysis, which revealed that the oxygen vacancies at the surface of the nanoparticles played important roles in enhancing both the specific capacitance and the high-rate performance of 15GDC by acting as the active site for pseudocapacitive redox reaction and allowing fast diffusion of oxygen ions at the surface of 15GDC nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chanwon Park
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Hannam University, 1646 Yuseongdaero, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34430, Republic of Korea
- Thin Film Materials Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34114, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Jin Rhyu
- Thin Film Materials Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34114, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaekeun Lee
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Hannam University, 1646 Yuseongdaero, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34430, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiyun Kim
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Hannam University, 1646 Yuseongdaero, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34430, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Ji Lee
- Thin Film Materials Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34114, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong K Kim
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Hannam University, 1646 Yuseongdaero, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34430, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Myung
- Thin Film Materials Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34114, Republic of Korea
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Martín-Pérez J, Villacorta A, Banaei G, Morataya-Reyes M, Tavakolpournegari A, Marcos R, Hernández A, García-Rodriguez A. Hazard assessment of nanoplastics is driven by their surface-functionalization. Effects in human-derived primary endothelial cells. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 934:173236. [PMID: 38761522 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.173236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Revised: 04/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/20/2024]
Abstract
During plastic waste degradation into micro/nanoplastics (MNPLs) their physicochemical characteristics including surface properties (charge, functionalization, biocorona, etc.) can change, potentially affecting their biological effects. This paper focuses on the surface functionalization of MNPLs to determine if it has a direct impact on the toxicokinetic and toxicodynamic interactions in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), at different exposure times. Pristine polystyrene nanoplastics (PS-NPLs), as well as their carboxylated (PS-C-NPLs) and aminated (PS-A-NPLs) forms, all around 50 nm, were used in a wide battery of toxicological assays. These assays encompassed evaluations on cell viability, cell internalization, induction of intracellular reactive oxygen species (iROS), and genotoxicity. The experiments were conducted at a concentration of 100 μg/mL, chosen to ensure a high internalization rate across all treatments while maintaining a sub-toxic concentration. Our results show that all PS-NPLs are internalized by HUVECs, but the internalization dynamic depends on the particle's functionalization. PS-NPLs and PS-C-NPLs internalization modify the morphology of the cell increasing its inner complexity/granularity. Regarding cell toxicity, only PS-A-NPLs reduced cell viability. Intracellular ROS was induced by the three different PS-NPLs but at different time points. Genotoxic damage was induced by the three PS-NPLs at short exposures (2 h), but not for PS-C-NPLs at 24 h. Overall, this study suggests that the toxicological effects of PSNPLs on HUVEC cells are surface-dependent, highlighting the relevance of using human-derived primary cells as a target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joan Martín-Pérez
- Group of Mutagenesis, Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Faculty of Biosciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès 08193, Spain
| | - Aliro Villacorta
- Group of Mutagenesis, Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Faculty of Biosciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès 08193, Spain; Facultad de Recursos Naturales Renovables, Universidad Arturo Prat, Iquique, Chile
| | - Gooya Banaei
- Group of Mutagenesis, Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Faculty of Biosciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès 08193, Spain
| | - Michelle Morataya-Reyes
- Group of Mutagenesis, Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Faculty of Biosciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès 08193, Spain
| | - Alireza Tavakolpournegari
- Group of Mutagenesis, Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Faculty of Biosciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès 08193, Spain
| | - Ricard Marcos
- Group of Mutagenesis, Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Faculty of Biosciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès 08193, Spain.
| | - Alba Hernández
- Group of Mutagenesis, Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Faculty of Biosciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès 08193, Spain.
| | - Alba García-Rodriguez
- Group of Mutagenesis, Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Faculty of Biosciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès 08193, Spain.
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Tavakolpournegari A, Annangi B, Villacorta A, Banaei G, Martin J, Pastor S, Marcos R, Hernández A. Hazard assessment of different-sized polystyrene nanoplastics in hematopoietic human cell lines. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 325:138360. [PMID: 36905991 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.138360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2023] [Revised: 02/25/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The environmental presence of micro/nanoplastics (MNPLs) is an environmental and human health concern. Such MNPLs can result from the physicochemical/biological degradation of plastic goods (secondary MNPLs) or can result from industrial production at that size, for different commercial purposes (primary MNPLs). Independently of their origin, the toxicological profile of MNPLs can be modulated by their size, as well as by the ability of cells/organisms to internalize them. To get more information on these topics we have determined the ability of three different sizes of polystyrene MNPLs (50, 200, and 500 nm) to produce different biological effects in three different human hematopoietic cell lines (Raji-B, THP-1, and TK6). Results show that none of the three sizes was able to induce toxicity (growth ability) in any of the tested cell types. Although transmission electron microscopy and confocal images showed cell internalization in all the cases, their quantification by flow cytometry demonstrated an important uptake by Raji-B and THP-1 cells, in comparison with TK6 cells. For the first ones, the uptake was negatively associated with the size. Interestingly, when the loss of mitochondrial membrane potential was determined, dose-related effects were observed for Raji-B and THP-1 cells, but not for TK6 cells. These effects were observed for the three different sizes. Finally, when oxidative stress induction was evaluated, no clear effects were observed for the different tested combinations. Our conclusion is that size, biological endpoint, and cell type are aspects modulating the toxicological profile of MNPLs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alireza Tavakolpournegari
- Group of Mutagenesis, Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Faculty of Biosciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola Del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Balasubramanyam Annangi
- Group of Mutagenesis, Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Faculty of Biosciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola Del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Aliro Villacorta
- Group of Mutagenesis, Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Faculty of Biosciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola Del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain; Facultad de Recursos Naturales Renovables, Universidad Arturo Prat, Iquique, Chile
| | - Gooya Banaei
- Group of Mutagenesis, Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Faculty of Biosciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola Del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Joan Martin
- Group of Mutagenesis, Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Faculty of Biosciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola Del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Susana Pastor
- Group of Mutagenesis, Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Faculty of Biosciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola Del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ricard Marcos
- Group of Mutagenesis, Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Faculty of Biosciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola Del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Alba Hernández
- Group of Mutagenesis, Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Faculty of Biosciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola Del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain.
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Chatterjee N, Alfaro-Moreno E. In Vitro Cell Transformation Assays: A Valuable Approach for Carcinogenic Potentiality Assessment of Nanomaterials. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24098219. [PMID: 37175926 PMCID: PMC10178964 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24098219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 04/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
This review explores the application of in vitro cell transformation assays (CTAs) as a screening platform to assess the carcinogenic potential of nanomaterials (NMs) resulting from continuously growing industrial production and use. The widespread application of NMs in various fields has raised concerns about their potential adverse effects, necessitating safety evaluations, particularly in long-term continuous exposure scenarios. CTAs present a realistic screening platform for known and emerging NMs by examining their resemblance to the hallmark of malignancy, including high proliferation rates, loss of contact inhibition, the gain of anchorage-independent growth, cellular invasion, dysregulation of the cell cycle, apoptosis resistance, and ability to form tumors in experimental animals. Through the deliberate transformation of cells via chronic NM exposure, researchers can investigate the tumorigenic properties of NMs and the underlying mechanisms of cancer development. This article examines NM-induced cell transformation studies, focusing on identifying existing knowledge gaps. Specifically, it explores the physicochemical properties of NMs, experimental models, assays, dose and time requirements for cell transformation, and the underlying mechanisms of malignancy. Our review aims to advance understanding in this field and identify areas for further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nivedita Chatterjee
- NanoSafety Group, International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory, 4715-330 Braga, Portugal
| | - Ernesto Alfaro-Moreno
- NanoSafety Group, International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory, 4715-330 Braga, Portugal
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Barguilla I, Maguer-Satta V, Guyot B, Pastor S, Marcos R, Hernández A. In Vitro Approaches to Determine the Potential Carcinogenic Risk of Environmental Pollutants. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24097851. [PMID: 37175558 PMCID: PMC10178670 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24097851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Revised: 04/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
One important environmental/health challenge is to determine, in a feasible way, the potential carcinogenic risk associated with environmental agents/exposures. Since a significant proportion of tumors have an environmental origin, detecting the potential carcinogenic risk of environmental agents is mandatory, as regulated by national and international agencies. The challenge mainly implies finding a way of how to overcome the inefficiencies of long-term trials with rodents when thousands of agents/exposures need to be tested. To such an end, the use of in vitro cell transformation assays (CTAs) was proposed, but the existing prevalidated CTAs do not cover the complexity associated with carcinogenesis processes and present serious limitations. To overcome such limitations, we propose to use a battery of assays covering most of the hallmarks of the carcinogenesis process. For the first time, we grouped such assays as early, intermediate, or advanced biomarkers which allow for the identification of the cells in the initiation, promotion or aggressive stages of tumorigenesis. Our proposal, as a novelty, points out that using a battery containing assays from all three groups can identify if a certain agent/exposure can pose a carcinogenic risk; furthermore, it can gather mechanistic insights into the mode of the action of a specific carcinogen. This structured battery could be very useful for any type of in vitro study, containing human cell lines aiming to detect the potential carcinogenic risks of environmental agents/exposures. In fact, here, we include examples in which these approaches were successfully applied. Finally, we provide a series of advantages that, we believe, contribute to the suitability of our proposed approach for the evaluation of exposure-induced carcinogenic effects and for the development of an alternative strategy for conducting an exposure risk assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Barguilla
- Group of Mutagenesis, Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Faculty of Biosciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
- CNRS UMR5286, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, 69008 Lyon, France
| | | | - Boris Guyot
- CNRS UMR5286, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, 69008 Lyon, France
| | - Susana Pastor
- Group of Mutagenesis, Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Faculty of Biosciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
| | - Ricard Marcos
- Group of Mutagenesis, Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Faculty of Biosciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
| | - Alba Hernández
- Group of Mutagenesis, Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Faculty of Biosciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
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Schmidt A, Mühl M, Brito WADS, Singer D, Bekeschus S. Antioxidant Defense in Primary Murine Lung Cells following Short- and Long-Term Exposure to Plastic Particles. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12020227. [PMID: 36829786 PMCID: PMC9952747 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12020227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Polystyrene nano- and micro-sized plastic particles (NMP) are one of the common plastic materials produced that dramatically pollute the environment, water, and oceanic habitats worldwide. NMP are continuously absorbed by the body through a number of routes, especially via intestinal ingestion, dermal uptake, and inhalation into the lung. Several studies provided evidence of NMP provoking oxidative stress and affecting cellular responses. Yet, the NMP effects on primary lung cells have not been studied. To this end, we isolated and cultured murine lung cells and exposed them short-term or long-term to polystyrene 0.2-6.0 µm-sized NMP. We studied cellular consequences regarding oxidative stress, morphology, and secretion profiling. Visualization, distribution, and expression analyses confirmed lung cells accumulating NMP and showed several significant correlations with particle size. Moreover, we found substantial evidence of biological consequences of small-scale NMP uptake in lung cells. Besides alterations of cytokine secretion profiles resulting in inflammatory responses, indicators of oxidative stress were identified that were accompanied by Nrf2 and β-catenin signaling changes. Our results serve as an important basis to point out the potential hazards of plastic contaminations and uptake in lung cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anke Schmidt
- ZIK Plasmatis, Leibniz Institute for Plasma Science and Technology (INP), Felix-Hausdorff-Str. 2, 17489 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Melissa Mühl
- ZIK Plasmatis, Leibniz Institute for Plasma Science and Technology (INP), Felix-Hausdorff-Str. 2, 17489 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Walison Augusto da Silva Brito
- ZIK Plasmatis, Leibniz Institute for Plasma Science and Technology (INP), Felix-Hausdorff-Str. 2, 17489 Greifswald, Germany
- Department of General Pathology, State University of Londrina, Rodovia Celso Garcia Cid, Londrina 86020-000, Brazil
| | - Debora Singer
- ZIK Plasmatis, Leibniz Institute for Plasma Science and Technology (INP), Felix-Hausdorff-Str. 2, 17489 Greifswald, Germany
- Department of Dermatology and Venerology, Rostock University Medical Center, Strempelstr. 13, 18057 Rostock, Germany
| | - Sander Bekeschus
- ZIK Plasmatis, Leibniz Institute for Plasma Science and Technology (INP), Felix-Hausdorff-Str. 2, 17489 Greifswald, Germany
- Correspondence:
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Barguilla I, Domenech J, Ballesteros S, Rubio L, Marcos R, Hernández A. Long-term exposure to nanoplastics alters molecular and functional traits related to the carcinogenic process. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 438:129470. [PMID: 35785738 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.129470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Revised: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Micro/nanoplastics (MNPLs) are considered emergent pollutants widely spread over all environmental compartments. Although their potential biological effects are being intensively evaluated, many doubts remain about their potential health effects in humans. One of the most underdeveloped fields is the determination of the potential tumorigenic risk of MNPLs exposure. To shed light on this topic, we have designed a wide battery of different hallmarks of cancer applied to prone-to-transformed progress MEF cells exposed to polystyrene nanoplastics (PSNPLs) in the long term (6 months). Interestingly, most of the evaluated hallmarks of cancer are exacerbated after exposure, independently if they are associated with an early tumoral phenotype (changes in stress-related genes, or microRNA deregulation), advanced tumoral phenotype (growing independently of anchorage ability, and migration capacity), or an aggressive tumoral phenotype (invasion potential, changes in pluripotency markers, and ability to grow to form tumorspheres). This set of obtained data constitutes a relevant warning on the potential carcinogenic risk associated with long-term exposures to MNPLs, specifically that induced by the PSNPLs evaluated in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Barguilla
- Group of Mutagenesis, Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Faculty of Biosciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Josefa Domenech
- Group of Mutagenesis, Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Faculty of Biosciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sandra Ballesteros
- Group of Mutagenesis, Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Faculty of Biosciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Laura Rubio
- Nanobiology Laboratory, Department of Natural and Exact Sciences, Pontificia Universidad Católica Madre y Maestra, PUCMM, Santiago de los Caballeros, Dominican Republic
| | - Ricard Marcos
- Group of Mutagenesis, Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Faculty of Biosciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Alba Hernández
- Group of Mutagenesis, Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Faculty of Biosciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain.
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Barguilla I, Domenech J, Rubio L, Marcos R, Hernández A. Nanoplastics and Arsenic Co-Exposures Exacerbate Oncogenic Biomarkers under an In Vitro Long-Term Exposure Scenario. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23062958. [PMID: 35328376 PMCID: PMC8955425 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23062958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Revised: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The increasing accumulation of plastic waste and the widespread presence of its derivatives, micro- and nanoplastics (MNPLs), call for an urgent evaluation of their potential health risks. In the environment, MNPLs coexist with other known hazardous contaminants and, thus, an interesting question arises as to whether MNPLs can act as carriers of such pollutants, modulating their uptake and their harmful effects. In this context, we have examined the interaction and joint effects of two relevant water contaminants: arsenic and polystyrene nanoplastics (PSNPLs), the latter being a model of nanoplastics. Since both agents are persistent pollutants, their potential effects have been evaluated under a chronic exposure scenario and measuring different effect biomarkers involved in the cell transformation process. Mouse embryonic fibroblasts deficient for oxidative DNA damage repair mechanisms, and showing a cell transformation status, were used as a sensitive cell model. Such cells were exposed to PSNPLs, arsenic, and a combination PSNPLs/arsenic for 12 weeks. Interestingly, a physical interaction between both pollutants was demonstrated by using TEM/EDX methodologies. Results also indicate that the continuous co-exposure enhances the DNA damage and the aggressive features of the initially transformed phenotype. Remarkably, co-exposed cells present a higher proportion of spindle-like cells within the population, an increased capacity to grow independently of anchorage, as well as enhanced migrating and invading potential when compared to cells exposed to arsenic or PSNPLs alone. This study highlights the need for further studies exploring the long-term effects of contaminants of emerging concern, such as MNPLs, and the importance of considering the behavior of mixtures as part of the hazard and human risk assessment approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Barguilla
- Group of Mutagenesis, Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Faculty of Biosciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain; (I.B.); (J.D.)
| | - Josefa Domenech
- Group of Mutagenesis, Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Faculty of Biosciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain; (I.B.); (J.D.)
| | - Laura Rubio
- Nanobiology Laboratory, Department of Natural and Exact Sciences, Pontificia Universidad Católica Madre y Maestra (PUCMM), Santiago de los Caballeros 51000, Dominican Republic;
| | - Ricard Marcos
- Group of Mutagenesis, Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Faculty of Biosciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain; (I.B.); (J.D.)
- Correspondence: (R.M.); (A.H.)
| | - Alba Hernández
- Group of Mutagenesis, Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Faculty of Biosciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain; (I.B.); (J.D.)
- Correspondence: (R.M.); (A.H.)
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MicroRNAs as a Suitable Biomarker to Detect the Effects of Long-Term Exposures to Nanomaterials. Studies on TiO 2NP and MWCNT. NANOMATERIALS 2021; 11:nano11123458. [PMID: 34947804 PMCID: PMC8707110 DOI: 10.3390/nano11123458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Revised: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The presence of nanomaterials (NMs) in the environment may represent a serious risk to human health, especially in a scenario of chronic exposure. To evaluate the potential relationship between NM-induced epigenetic alterations and carcinogenesis, the present study analyzed a panel of 33 miRNAs related to the cell transformation process in BEAS-2B cells transformed by TiO2NP and long-term MWCNT exposure. Our battery revealed a large impact on miRNA expression profiling in cells exposed to both NMs. From this analysis, a small set of five miRNAs (miR-23a, miR-25, miR-96, miR-210, and miR-502) were identified as informative biomarkers of the transforming effects induced by NM exposures. The usefulness of this reduced miRNA battery was further validated in other previously generated transformed cell systems by long-term exposure to other NMs (CoNP, ZnONP, MSiNP, and CeO2NP). Interestingly, the five selected miRNAs were consistently overexpressed in all cell lines and NMs tested. These results confirm the suitability of the proposed set of mRNAs to identify the potential transforming ability of NMs. Particular attention should be paid to the epigenome and especially to miRNAs for hazard assessment of NMs, as wells as for the study of the underlying mechanisms of action.
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Domenech J, de Britto M, Velázquez A, Pastor S, Hernández A, Marcos R, Cortés C. Long-Term Effects of Polystyrene Nanoplastics in Human Intestinal Caco-2 Cells. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11101442. [PMID: 34680075 PMCID: PMC8533059 DOI: 10.3390/biom11101442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Revised: 09/18/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The increasing presence of micro- and nanoplastics (MNPLs) in the environment, and their consequent accumulation in trophic niches, could pose a potential health threat to humans, especially due to their chronic ingestion. In vitro studies using human cells are considered pertinent approaches to determine potential health risks to humans. Nevertheless, most of such studies have been conducted using short exposure times and high concentrations. Since human exposure to MNPLs is supposed to be chronic, there is a lack of information regarding the potential in vitro MNPLs effects under chronic exposure conditions. To this aim, we assessed the accumulation and potential outcomes of polystyrene nanoparticles (PSNPs), as a model of MNPLs, in undifferentiated Caco-2 cells (as models of cell target in ingestion exposures) under a relevant long-term exposure scenario, consisting of eight weeks of exposure to sub-toxic PSNPs concentrations. In such exposure conditions, culture-media was changed every 2–3 days to maintain constant exposure. The different analyzed endpoints were cytotoxicity, dysregulation of stress-related genes, genotoxicity, oxidative DNA damage, and intracellular ROS levels. These are endpoints that showed to be sensitive enough in different studies. The obtained results attest that PSNPs accumulate in the cells through time, inducing changes at the ultrastructural and molecular levels. Nevertheless, minor changes in the different evaluated genotoxicity-related biomarkers were observed. This would indicate that no DNA damage or oxidative stress is observed in the human intestinal Caco-2 cells after long-term exposure to PSNPs. This is the first study dealing with the long-term effects of PSNPs on human cultured cells.
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Ballesteros S, Domenech J, Velázquez A, Marcos R, Hernández A. Ex vivo exposure to different types of graphene-based nanomaterials consistently alters human blood secretome. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 414:125471. [PMID: 33647622 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.125471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2020] [Revised: 01/16/2021] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The biomedical applications of graphene-based nanomaterials (GBN) have significantly grown in the last years. Many of these applications suppose their intravenous exposure and, in this way, GBN could encounter blood cells triggering an immunological response of unknown effects. Consequently, understanding the relationships between GBN and the immune system response should be a prerequisite for its adequate use in biomedicine. In the present study, we have conducted a little explored ex vivo exposure method in order to study the complexity of the secretome given by the interactions between GBN and blood cells. Blood samples from different healthy donors were exposed to three different types of GBN widely used in the biomedical field. In this sense, graphene oxide (GO), graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs), graphene nanoribbons (GNRs) and a panel of 105 proteins representatives of the blood secretome were evaluated. The results show broad changes in both the cytokines number and the expression levels, with important changes in inflammatory response markers. Furthermore, the indirect soft-agar assay was used as a tool to unravel the global functional impact of the found secretome changes. Our results indicate that the GBN-induced altered secretome can modify the natural anchorage-independent growth capacity of HeLa cells, used as a model. As a conclusion, this study describes an innovative approach to study the potential harmful effects of GBN, providing relevant data to be considered in the biomedical context when GBN are planned to be used in patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Ballesteros
- Group of Mutagenesis, Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain
| | - Josefa Domenech
- Group of Mutagenesis, Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain
| | - Antonia Velázquez
- Group of Mutagenesis, Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain; Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Carlos III Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ricard Marcos
- Group of Mutagenesis, Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain; Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Carlos III Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Alba Hernández
- Group of Mutagenesis, Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain; Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Carlos III Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain.
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13
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Cao B, Fang C, Peng X, Li X, Hu X, Xiang P, Zhou L, Liu H, Huang Y, Zhang Q, Lin S, Wang M, Liu Y, Sun T, Chen S, Shan Z, Yin J, Liu L. U-shaped association between plasma cobalt levels and type 2 diabetes. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 267:129224. [PMID: 33341733 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.129224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2020] [Revised: 11/09/2020] [Accepted: 12/04/2020] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
AIMS We aimed to investigate the association of plasma cobalt with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes (T2D) and further explore the potential interaction effects between cobalt and several redox metals, such as manganese, copper and selenium. DESIGN A large case-control study including 4564 subjects was conducted. 2282 cases with newly diagnosed T2D and 2282 controls were matched by sex and age. The concentrations of cobalt and other metals in plasma were detected with inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICPMS). RESULTS The medians of the cobalt concentrations in plasma were 1.68 μg/dL for controls and T2D. There was a U-shaped relation between T2D and plasma cobalt, which was categorized into quartiles. After multivariable adjusted for the confounding factors, the odds ratios (ORs) of T2D across quartiles were 1.22 (95% CI: 1.01, 1.46), 1.12 (95% CI: 0.94, 1.35), 1.00 (reference) and 1.46 (95% CI: 1.22, 1.75), respectively. The association was almost consistent in subgroup analyses. According to the restricted cubic spline analysis, the lowest ORs of T2D was observed at the plasma cobalt of 2.00 μg/dL. There was a significant interaction between plasma cobalt and copper (P < 0.01). The ORs of T2D in those with medium concentration of plasma cobalt and copper was the lowest. CONCLUSIONS Higher or lower concentrations of plasma cobalt were related to higher ORs of T2D. The inter-relationship among redox metals in T2D should be further investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benfeng Cao
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; MOE Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Can Fang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; MOE Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaolin Peng
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; MOE Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; Shenzhen Nanshan Centre for Chronic Disease Control, Shenzhen, 518051, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoqin Li
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; MOE Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xueting Hu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; MOE Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Pan Xiang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; MOE Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Li Zhou
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; MOE Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Hongjie Liu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; MOE Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yue Huang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; MOE Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Qin Zhang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; MOE Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Shan Lin
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; MOE Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Mengke Wang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; MOE Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; MOE Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Taoping Sun
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; MOE Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Sijing Chen
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; MOE Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhilei Shan
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; MOE Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; Departments of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jiawei Yin
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; MOE Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
| | - Liegang Liu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; MOE Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
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14
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Liu L, Kong L. Research progress on the carcinogenicity of metal nanomaterials. J Appl Toxicol 2021; 41:1334-1344. [PMID: 33527484 DOI: 10.1002/jat.4145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Revised: 01/16/2021] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
With the rapid development of nanotechnology, new nanomaterials with enormous potentials continue to emerge, especially metal nanomaterials. Metal nanomaterials possess the characteristics of metals and nanomaterials, so they are widely used in many fields. But at the same time, whether the use or release of metal nan4omaterials into the environment is toxic to human beings and animals has now attained widespread attention at home and abroad. Currently, it is an indisputable fact that cancer ranks among the top causes of death among residents worldwide. The properties of causing DNA damage and mutations possessed by these metal nanomaterials make them unpredictable influences in the body, subsequently leading to genotoxicity and carcinogenicity. Due to the increasing evidence of their roles in carcinogenicity, this article reviews the toxicological and carcinogenic effects of metal nanomaterials, including nano-metal elements (nickel nanoparticles, silver nanoparticles, and cobalt nanoparticles) and nano-metal oxides (titanium dioxide nanoparticles, silica nanoparticles, zinc oxide nanoparticles, and alumina nanoparticles). This article provides a reference for the researchers and policymakers to use metal nanomaterials rationally in modern industries and biomedicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Environment Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Lu Kong
- Key Laboratory of Environment Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
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15
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Rubio L, Barguilla I, Domenech J, Marcos R, Hernández A. Biological effects, including oxidative stress and genotoxic damage, of polystyrene nanoparticles in different human hematopoietic cell lines. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2020; 398:122900. [PMID: 32464564 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.122900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2020] [Revised: 04/16/2020] [Accepted: 04/21/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In recent years the terms "micro-/nanoplastics" (MNPLs) have caught special attention due to the increasing levels by which humans are exposed. Among MNPLs, polystyrene nanoparticles (PSNPs) are one of the most represented MNPLs in the environment. These tiny particles may enter into the human body, translocate through human barriers, interacting with blood and lymphatic immune cells, and reaching secondary organs. By using three different human leukocytic cell lines: Raji-B (B-lymphocytes), TK6 (lymphoblasts) and THP-1 (monocytes), we pursued to determine the effects of these PSNPs on the immune cell population. With this aim, the three cell lines were exposed to spherical PSNPs of about 50 nm of diameter and cytotoxicity, cellular uptake, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, and genotoxicity were assessed at different time-points. Results show differences in all the measured endpoints, among the selected cell lines. Thus, whilst the monocytic THP-1 cells showed the highest particle internalization, no adverse effects were observed in such cells. On the other side, although Raji-B and TK6 showed lesser PSNPs uptake, mild toxicity, ROS production and genotoxicity were detected. These results highlight the importance of the cell line selection when the biological effects of PSNPs are evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Rubio
- Nanobiology Laboratory, Department of Natural and Exact Sciences, Pontificia Universidad Católica Madre y Maestra, PUCMM, Santiago de los Caballeros, Dominican Republic
| | - Irene Barguilla
- Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Faculty of Biosciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Josefa Domenech
- Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Faculty of Biosciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ricard Marcos
- Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Faculty of Biosciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain; Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Carlos III Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Alba Hernández
- Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Faculty of Biosciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain; Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Carlos III Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain.
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16
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Skočaj M, Bizjak M, Strojan K, Lojk J, Erdani Kreft M, Miš K, Pirkmajer S, Bregar VB, Veranič P, Pavlin M. Proposing Urothelial and Muscle In Vitro Cell Models as a Novel Approach for Assessment of Long-Term Toxicity of Nanoparticles. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21207545. [PMID: 33066271 PMCID: PMC7589566 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21207545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2020] [Revised: 10/07/2020] [Accepted: 10/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Many studies evaluated the short-term in vitro toxicity of nanoparticles (NPs); however, long-term effects are still not adequately understood. Here, we investigated the potential toxic effects of biomedical (polyacrylic acid and polyethylenimine coated magnetic NPs) and two industrial (SiO2 and TiO2) NPs following different short-term and long-term exposure protocols on two physiologically different in vitro models that are able to differentiate: L6 rat skeletal muscle cell line and biomimetic normal porcine urothelial (NPU) cells. We show that L6 cells are more sensitive to NP exposure then NPU cells. Transmission electron microscopy revealed an uptake of NPs into L6 cells but not NPU cells. In L6 cells, we obtained a dose-dependent reduction in cell viability and increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation after 24 h. Following continuous exposure, more stable TiO2 and polyacrylic acid (PAA) NPs increased levels of nuclear factor Nrf2 mRNA, suggesting an oxidative damage-associated response. Furthermore, internalized magnetic PAA and TiO2 NPs hindered the differentiation of L6 cells. We propose the use of L6 skeletal muscle cells and NPU cells as a novel approach for assessment of the potential long-term toxicity of relevant NPs that are found in the blood and/or can be secreted into the urine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matej Skočaj
- Group for nano and biotechnological applications, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, University of Ljubljana, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (M.S.); (M.B.); (K.S.); (J.L.); (V.B.B.)
- Institute of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (K.M.); (S.P.)
- Institute of Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia;
| | - Maruša Bizjak
- Group for nano and biotechnological applications, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, University of Ljubljana, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (M.S.); (M.B.); (K.S.); (J.L.); (V.B.B.)
- Institute of Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Klemen Strojan
- Group for nano and biotechnological applications, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, University of Ljubljana, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (M.S.); (M.B.); (K.S.); (J.L.); (V.B.B.)
| | - Jasna Lojk
- Group for nano and biotechnological applications, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, University of Ljubljana, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (M.S.); (M.B.); (K.S.); (J.L.); (V.B.B.)
- Institute of Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Mateja Erdani Kreft
- Institute of Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia;
| | - Katarina Miš
- Institute of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (K.M.); (S.P.)
| | - Sergej Pirkmajer
- Institute of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (K.M.); (S.P.)
| | - Vladimir Boštjan Bregar
- Group for nano and biotechnological applications, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, University of Ljubljana, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (M.S.); (M.B.); (K.S.); (J.L.); (V.B.B.)
| | - Peter Veranič
- Institute of Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia;
- Correspondence: (P.V.); (M.P.)
| | - Mojca Pavlin
- Group for nano and biotechnological applications, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, University of Ljubljana, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (M.S.); (M.B.); (K.S.); (J.L.); (V.B.B.)
- Institute of Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Correspondence: (P.V.); (M.P.)
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17
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Barguilla I, Barszczewska G, Annangi B, Domenech J, Velázquez A, Marcos R, Hernández A. MTH1 is involved in the toxic and carcinogenic long-term effects induced by zinc oxide and cobalt nanoparticles. Arch Toxicol 2020; 94:1973-1984. [PMID: 32377776 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-020-02737-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2019] [Accepted: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The nanoparticles (NPs) exposure-related oxidative stress is considered among the main causes of the toxic effects induced by these materials. However, the importance of this mechanism has been mostly explored at short term. Previous experience with cells chronically exposed to ZnO and Co NPs hinted to the existence of an adaptative mechanism contributing to the development of oncogenic features. MTH1 is a well-described enzyme expressed exclusively in cancer cells and required to avoid the detrimental consequences of its high prooxidant microenvironment. In the present work, a significantly marked overexpression was found when MTH1 levels were monitored in long-term ZnO and Co NP-exposed cells, a fact that correlates with acquired 2.5-fold and 3.75-fold resistance to the ZnO and Co NPs treatment, respectively. The forced stable inhibition of Mth1 expression by shRNA, followed by 6 additional weeks of exposure, significantly reduced this acquired resistance and sensitized cells to the oxidizing agents H2O2 and KBrO3. When the oncogenic phenotype of Mth1 knock-down cells was evaluated, we found a decrease in several oncogenic markers, including proliferation, anchorage-independent cell growth, and migration and invasion potential. Thus, MTH1 elicits here as a relevant player in the NPs-induced toxicity and carcinogenicity. This study is the first to give a mechanistic explanation for long-term NPs exposure-derived effects. We propose MTH1 as a candidate biomarker to unravel NPs potential genotoxic and carcinogenic effects, as its expression is expected to be elevated only under exposure conditions able to induce DNA damage and the acquisition of an oncogenic phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Barguilla
- Grup de Mutagènesi, Departament de Genètica i de Microbiologia, Facultat de Biociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Edifici C, Campus de Bellaterra, 08193, Cerdanyola del Vallès (Barcelona), Spain
| | - Gabriela Barszczewska
- Grup de Mutagènesi, Departament de Genètica i de Microbiologia, Facultat de Biociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Edifici C, Campus de Bellaterra, 08193, Cerdanyola del Vallès (Barcelona), Spain
| | - Balasubramanyam Annangi
- Grup de Mutagènesi, Departament de Genètica i de Microbiologia, Facultat de Biociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Edifici C, Campus de Bellaterra, 08193, Cerdanyola del Vallès (Barcelona), Spain
| | - Josefa Domenech
- Grup de Mutagènesi, Departament de Genètica i de Microbiologia, Facultat de Biociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Edifici C, Campus de Bellaterra, 08193, Cerdanyola del Vallès (Barcelona), Spain
| | - Antonia Velázquez
- Grup de Mutagènesi, Departament de Genètica i de Microbiologia, Facultat de Biociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Edifici C, Campus de Bellaterra, 08193, Cerdanyola del Vallès (Barcelona), Spain.,CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública, ISCIII, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ricard Marcos
- Grup de Mutagènesi, Departament de Genètica i de Microbiologia, Facultat de Biociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Edifici C, Campus de Bellaterra, 08193, Cerdanyola del Vallès (Barcelona), Spain. .,CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública, ISCIII, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Alba Hernández
- Grup de Mutagènesi, Departament de Genètica i de Microbiologia, Facultat de Biociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Edifici C, Campus de Bellaterra, 08193, Cerdanyola del Vallès (Barcelona), Spain. .,CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública, ISCIII, Barcelona, Spain.
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18
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Huang Q, Zhang J, Zhang Y, Timashev P, Ma X, Liang XJ. Adaptive changes induced by noble-metal nanostructures in vitro and in vivo. Theranostics 2020; 10:5649-5670. [PMID: 32483410 PMCID: PMC7254997 DOI: 10.7150/thno.42569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2019] [Accepted: 03/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The unique features of noble-metal nanostructures (NMNs) are leading to unprecedented expansion of research and exploration of their application in therapeutics, diagnostics and bioimaging fields. With the ever-growing applications of NMNs, both therapeutic and environmental NMNs are likely to be exposed to tissues and organs, requiring careful studies towards their biological effects in vitro and in vivo. Upon NMNs exposure, tissues and cells may undergo a series of adaptive changes both in morphology and function. At the cellular level, the accumulation of NMNs in various subcellular organelles including lysosomes, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, mitochondria, and nucleus may interfere with their functions, causing changes in a variety of cellular functions, such as digestion, protein synthesis and secretion, energy metabolism, mitochondrial respiration, and proliferation. In animals, retention of NMNs in metabolic-, respiratory-, immune-related, and other organs can trigger significant physiological and pathological changes to these organs and influence their functions. Exploring how NMNs interact with tissues and cells and the underlying mechanisms are of vital importance for their future applications. Here, we illustrate the characteristics of NMNs-induced adaptive changes both in vitro and in vivo. Potential strategies in the design of NMNs are also discussed to take advantage of beneficial adaptive changes and avoid unfavorable changes for the proper implementation of these nanoplatforms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianqian Huang
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology of China, Beijing 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Sino-Danish Center for Education and Research, Sino-Danish College of University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Jinchao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry & Environmental Science, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Yuanyuan Zhang
- Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
| | - Peter Timashev
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Sechenov University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Xiaowei Ma
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology of China, Beijing 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xing-Jie Liang
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology of China, Beijing 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Sino-Danish Center for Education and Research, Sino-Danish College of University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
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19
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Kazimirova A, El Yamani N, Rubio L, García-Rodríguez A, Barancokova M, Marcos R, Dusinska M. Effects of Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles on the Hprt Gene Mutations in V79 Hamster Cells. NANOMATERIALS 2020; 10:nano10030465. [PMID: 32150818 PMCID: PMC7153606 DOI: 10.3390/nano10030465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Revised: 02/24/2020] [Accepted: 02/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The genotoxicity of anatase/rutile TiO2 nanoparticles (TiO2 NPs, NM105 at 3, 15 and 75 µg/cm2) was assessed with the mammalian in-vitro Hypoxanthine guanine phosphoribosyl transferase (Hprt) gene mutation test in Chinese hamster lung (V79) fibroblasts after 24 h exposure. Two dispersion procedures giving different size distribution and dispersion stability were used to investigate whether the effects of TiO2 NPs depend on the state of agglomeration. TiO2 NPs were fully characterised in the previous European FP7 projects NanoTEST and NanoREG2. Uptake of TiO2 NPs was measured by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). TiO2 NPs were found in cytoplasmic vesicles, as well as close to the nucleus. The internalisation of TiO2 NPs did not depend on the state of agglomeration and dispersion used. The cytotoxicity of TiO2 NPs was measured by determining both the relative growth activity (RGA) and the plating efficiency (PE). There were no substantial effects of exposure time (24, 48 and 72 h), although a tendency to lower RGA at longer exposure was observed. No significant difference in PE values and no increases in the Hprt gene mutant frequency were found in exposed relative to unexposed cultures in spite of evidence of uptake of NPs by cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alena Kazimirova
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Slovak Medical University, 833 03 Bratislava, Slovakia;
- Correspondence: (A.K.); (M.D.)
| | - Naouale El Yamani
- Health Effects Laboratory, Department of Environmental Chemistry, NILU-Norwegian Institute for Air Research, N-2027 Kjeller, Norway;
| | - Laura Rubio
- Nanobiology Laboratory, Department of Natural and Exact Sciences, Pontificia Universidad Católica Madre y Maestra, PUCMM, 80677 Santiago de los Caballeros, Dominican Republic;
| | - Alba García-Rodríguez
- Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Faculty of Biosciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès (Barcelona), Spain; (A.G.-R.); (R.M.)
| | - Magdalena Barancokova
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Slovak Medical University, 833 03 Bratislava, Slovakia;
| | - Ricard Marcos
- Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Faculty of Biosciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès (Barcelona), Spain; (A.G.-R.); (R.M.)
- Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Carlos III Institute of Health, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Maria Dusinska
- Health Effects Laboratory, Department of Environmental Chemistry, NILU-Norwegian Institute for Air Research, N-2027 Kjeller, Norway;
- Correspondence: (A.K.); (M.D.)
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20
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Rubio L, Marcos R, Hernández A. Potential adverse health effects of ingested micro- and nanoplastics on humans. Lessons learned from in vivo and in vitro mammalian models. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART B, CRITICAL REVIEWS 2020; 23:51-68. [PMID: 31822207 DOI: 10.1080/10937404.2019.1700598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, increasing global attention has focused on "microplastics" (MPs) and "nanoplastics" (NPs) resulting in many studies on the effects of these compounds on ecological and environmental aspects. These tiny particles (<5000 µm), predominantly derived from the degradation of plastics, pollute the marine and terrestrial ecosystems with the ability to enter into the food chain. In this manner, human consumption of food contaminated with MPs or NPs is unavoidable, but the related consequences remain to be determined. The aim of this review is to complement previous reviews on this topic by providing new studies related to exposure, absorption, and toxicity in mammalian in vivo and in vitro systems. With respect to novel information, gaps and limitations hindering attainment of firm conclusions as well as preparation of a reliable risk assessment are identified. Subsequently, recommendations for in vivo and in vitro testing methods are presented in order to perform further relevant and targeted research studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Rubio
- Nanobiology Laboratory, Department of Natural and Exact Sciences, Pontificia Universidad Católica Madre y Maestra, PUCMM, Santiago de los Caballeros, Dominican Republic
| | - Ricard Marcos
- Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Faculty of Biosciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès (Barcelona), Spain
- Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Carlos III Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain
| | - Alba Hernández
- Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Faculty of Biosciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès (Barcelona), Spain
- Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Carlos III Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain
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21
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Redox interactions and genotoxicity of metal-based nanoparticles: A comprehensive review. Chem Biol Interact 2019; 312:108814. [PMID: 31509734 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2019.108814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2019] [Revised: 08/11/2019] [Accepted: 09/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Nanotechnology is a growing science that may provide several new applications for medicine, food preservation, diagnostic technologies, and sanitation. Despite its beneficial applications, there are several questions related to the safety of nanomaterials for human use. The development of nanotechnology is associated with some concerns because of the increased risk of carcinogenesis following exposure to nanomaterials. The increased levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) that are due to exposure to nanoparticles (NPs) are primarily responsible for the genotoxicity of metal NPs. Not all, but most metal NPs are able to directly produce free radicals through the release of metal ions and through interactions with water molecules. Furthermore, the increased production of free radicals and the cell death caused by metal NPs can stimulate reduction/oxidation (redox) reactions, leading to the continuous endogenous production of ROS in a positive feedback loop. The overexpression of inflammatory mediators, such as NF-kB and STATs, the mitochondrial malfunction and the increased intracellular calcium levels mediate the chronic oxidative stress that occurs after exposure to metal NPs. In this paper, we review the genotoxicity of different types of metal NPs and the redox mechanisms that amplify the toxicity of these NPs.
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22
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Abstract
Gelatin zymography is a relatively simple, inexpensive, and powerful technique to detect proteolytic enzymes capable of degrading gelatin from various biological sources. It has been used particularly to detect the two members of the matrix metalloproteinase family, MMP-2 (gelatinase A) and MMP-9 (gelatinase B), due to their potent gelatin-degrading activity. MMP-2 and MMP-9 are also able to degrade a number of extracellular matrix molecules including type IV, V, and XI collagens, laminin, and aggrecan core protein, thus making them important in the nanotoxicity research. In this technique, proteins are separated by sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS)-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE), and gelatinases, activated by SDS, digest gelatin embedded in the gel. After staining with Coomassie Brilliant Blue R-250, areas of degradation are visible as clear bands against a blue-stained background. Here, we describe the detailed procedure for gelatin zymography.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Zhang
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, School of Public Health and Information Sciences, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Rong Wan
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, School of Public Health and Information Sciences, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Qunwei Zhang
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, School of Public Health and Information Sciences, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Yiqun Mo
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, School of Public Health and Information Sciences, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA.
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23
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Saez-Tenorio M, Domenech J, García-Rodríguez A, Velázquez A, Hernández A, Marcos R, Cortés C. Assessing the relevance of exposure time in differentiated Caco-2/HT29 cocultures. Effects of silver nanoparticles. Food Chem Toxicol 2018; 123:258-267. [PMID: 30403969 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2018.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2018] [Revised: 10/30/2018] [Accepted: 11/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
In vitro models of the intestinal barrier are being increasingly used to evaluate nanoparticles (NPs) exposure risk. Nevertheless, most of these studies have focused on short-term exposures lasting no more than 24 h of duration, which could underestimate the toxic effects of a given compound under a more realistic setting. Since the assessment of longer exposure time-points is crucial to evaluate the risk of cumulative exposure to NPs, we have analyzed the effects of AgNPs at different exposure time-points between 6 h and 4 days on the barrier model system constituted by Caco-2/HT29 cells. Our results indicate that i) the system is stable during this time frame; ii) AgNPs affect the barrier's integrity only at the highest concentration tested (100 μg/mL), and only after 96 h of exposure; iii) cellular uptake of AgNPs showed a time-dependent and concentration-dependent increase; iv) translocation through the barrier was only observed at the highest concentration and only after 96 h of exposure; v) the expression of genes involved in the barrier's structure differs depending on the exposure time analyzed. All these results reinforce our proposal of expanding exposure times beyond 24 h when performing assays for hazard assessment of NPs using in vitro models of the intestinal barrier.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriam Saez-Tenorio
- Grup de Mutagènesi, Departament de Genètica i de Microbiologia, Facultat de Biociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Josefa Domenech
- Grup de Mutagènesi, Departament de Genètica i de Microbiologia, Facultat de Biociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Alba García-Rodríguez
- Grup de Mutagènesi, Departament de Genètica i de Microbiologia, Facultat de Biociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Antonia Velázquez
- Grup de Mutagènesi, Departament de Genètica i de Microbiologia, Facultat de Biociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain; Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Carlos III Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain
| | - Alba Hernández
- Grup de Mutagènesi, Departament de Genètica i de Microbiologia, Facultat de Biociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain; Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Carlos III Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ricard Marcos
- Grup de Mutagènesi, Departament de Genètica i de Microbiologia, Facultat de Biociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain; Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Carlos III Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Constanza Cortés
- Grup de Mutagènesi, Departament de Genètica i de Microbiologia, Facultat de Biociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain.
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Lison D, van den Brule S, Van Maele-Fabry G. Cobalt and its compounds: update on genotoxic and carcinogenic activities. Crit Rev Toxicol 2018; 48:522-539. [PMID: 30203727 DOI: 10.1080/10408444.2018.1491023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
This article summarizes recent experimental and epidemiological data on the genotoxic and carcinogenic activities of cobalt compounds. Emphasis is on the respiratory system, but endogenous exposure from Co-containing alloys used in endoprostheses, and limited data on nanomaterials and oral exposures are also considered. Two groups of cobalt compounds are differentiated on the basis of their mechanisms of toxicity: (1) those essentially involving the solubilization of Co(II) ions, and (2) metallic materials for which both surface corrosion and release of Co(II) ions act in concert. For both groups, identified genotoxic and carcinogenic mechanisms are non-stochastic and thus expected to exhibit a threshold. Cobalt compounds should, therefore, be considered as genotoxic carcinogens with a practical threshold. Accumulating evidence indicates that chronic inhalation of cobalt compounds can induce respiratory tumors locally. No evidence of systemic carcinogenicity upon inhalation, oral or endogenous exposure is available. The scarce data available for Co-based nanosized materials does not allow deriving a specific mode of action or assessment for these species.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Lison
- Louvain Centre for Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology (LTAP), Catholic University of Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - S van den Brule
- Louvain Centre for Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology (LTAP), Catholic University of Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - G Van Maele-Fabry
- Louvain Centre for Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology (LTAP), Catholic University of Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
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25
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Cappellini F, Hedberg Y, McCarrick S, Hedberg J, Derr R, Hendriks G, Odnevall Wallinder I, Karlsson HL. Mechanistic insight into reactivity and (geno)toxicity of well-characterized nanoparticles of cobalt metal and oxides. Nanotoxicology 2018; 12:602-620. [DOI: 10.1080/17435390.2018.1470694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Yolanda Hedberg
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Chemistry, Division of Surface and Corrosion Science, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Sarah McCarrick
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jonas Hedberg
- Department of Chemistry, Division of Surface and Corrosion Science, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | | | - Inger Odnevall Wallinder
- Department of Chemistry, Division of Surface and Corrosion Science, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Hanna L. Karlsson
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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26
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RNA-sequencing reveals long-term effects of silver nanoparticles on human lung cells. Sci Rep 2018; 8:6668. [PMID: 29703973 PMCID: PMC5923294 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-25085-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2017] [Accepted: 04/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite a considerable focus on the adverse effects of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) in recent years, studies on the potential long-term effects of AgNPs are scarce. The aim of this study was to explore the effects of AgNPs following repeated low-dose, long-term exposure of human bronchial epithelial cells. To this end, the human BEAS-2B cell line was exposed to 1 µg/mL AgNPs (10 nm) for 6 weeks followed by RNA-sequencing (RNA-Seq) as well as genome-wide DNA methylation analysis. The transcriptomics analysis showed that a substantial number of genes (1717) were differentially expressed following AgNP exposure whereas only marginal effects on DNA methylation were observed. Downstream analysis of the transcriptomics data identified several affected pathways including the ‘fibrosis’ and ‘epithelial-mesenchymal transition’ (EMT) pathway. Subsequently, functional validation studies were performed using AgNPs of two different sizes (10 nm and 75 nm). Both NPs increased collagen deposition, indicative of fibrosis, and induced EMT, as evidenced by an increased invasion index, anchorage independent cell growth, as well as cadherin switching. In conclusion, using a combination of RNA-Seq and functional assays, our study revealed that repeated low-dose, long-term exposure of human BEAS-2B cells to AgNPs is pro-fibrotic, induces EMT and cell transformation.
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27
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Reactive carbonyl compounds impair wound healing by vimentin collapse and loss of the primary cilium. Food Chem Toxicol 2017; 108:128-138. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2017.07.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2017] [Revised: 07/16/2017] [Accepted: 07/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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28
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Wan R, Mo Y, Zhang Z, Jiang M, Tang S, Zhang Q. Cobalt nanoparticles induce lung injury, DNA damage and mutations in mice. Part Fibre Toxicol 2017; 14:38. [PMID: 28923112 PMCID: PMC5604172 DOI: 10.1186/s12989-017-0219-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2017] [Accepted: 09/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We and other groups have demonstrated that exposure to cobalt nanoparticles (Nano-Co) caused oxidative stress and inflammation, which have been shown to be strongly associated with genotoxic and carcinogenic effects. However, few studies have reported Nano-Co-induced genotoxic effects in vivo. Here, we propose that Nano-Co may have high genotoxic effects due to their small size and high surface area, which have high capacity for causing oxidative stress and inflammation. METHODS gpt delta transgenic mice were used as our in vivo study model. They were intratracheally instilled with 50 μg per mouse of Nano-Co. At day 1, 3, 7 and 28 after exposure, bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) was performed and the number of neutrophils, CXCL1/KC level, LDH activity and concentration of total protein in the BAL fluid (BALF) were determined. Mouse lung tissues were collected for H&E staining, and Ki-67, PCNA and γ-H2AX immunohistochemical staining. 8-OHdG level in the genomic DNA of mouse lungs was determined by an OxiSelect™ Oxidative DNA Damage ELISA Kit, and mutant frequency and mutation spectrum in the gpt gene were also determined in mouse lungs at four months after Nano-Co exposure by 6-TG selection, colony PCR, and DNA sequencing. RESULTS Exposure of mice to Nano-Co (50 μg per mouse) resulted in extensive acute lung inflammation and lung injury which were reflected by increased number of neutrophils, CXCL1/KC level, LDH activity and concentration of total protein in the BALF, and infiltration of large amount of neutrophils and macrophages in the alveolar space and interstitial tissues. Increased immunostaining of cell proliferation markers, Ki-67 and PCNA, and the DNA damage marker, γ-H2AX, was also observed in bronchiolar epithelial cells and hyperplastic type II pneumocytes in mouse lungs at day 7 after Nano-Co exposure. At four months after exposure, extensive interstitial fibrosis and proliferation of interstitial cells with inflammatory cells infiltrating the alveolar septa were observed. Moreover, Nano-Co caused increased level of 8-OHdG in genomic DNA of mouse lung tissues. Nano-Co also induced a much higher mutant frequency as compared to controls, and the most common mutation was G:C to T:A transversion, which may be explained by Nano-Co-induced increased formation of 8-OHdG. CONCLUSION Our study demonstrated that exposure to Nano-Co caused oxidative stress, lung inflammation and injury, and cell proliferation, which further resulted in DNA damage and DNA mutation. These findings have important implications for understanding the potential health effects of nanoparticle exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Wan
- Department of Pathology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, School of Public Health and Information Sciences, University of Louisville, 485 E. Gray Street, Louisville, KY 40202 USA
| | - Yiqun Mo
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, School of Public Health and Information Sciences, University of Louisville, 485 E. Gray Street, Louisville, KY 40202 USA
| | - Zhenyu Zhang
- Seven-year Program of Clinical Medicine, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Mizu Jiang
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, School of Public Health and Information Sciences, University of Louisville, 485 E. Gray Street, Louisville, KY 40202 USA
- Department of Gastroenterology, Children’s Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shichuan Tang
- Beijing Municipal Institute of Labor Protection, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qunwei Zhang
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, School of Public Health and Information Sciences, University of Louisville, 485 E. Gray Street, Louisville, KY 40202 USA
- Beijing Municipal Institute of Labor Protection, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Environment Factors and Cancer, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350122 People’s Republic of China
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29
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Abstract
The high success of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), mainly associated with their proved antimicrobial properties, has led to an increasing spread in our close environment. Although many studies have been carried out to detect potential toxicity of AgNPs, most of them have been developed under unrealistic exposure conditions. In terms of human risk, the evaluation of long-term exposures to subtoxic doses of NPs remains a challenge. Here, we have determined different transformation-related end points under a scenario of 6 weeks long-term exposure to low noncytotoxic AgNPs concentrations (0.5 and 1 μg/mL) in Caco-2 cells. A significant uptake of AgNPs was demonstrated by using confocal microscopy showing a high presence of AgNPs in both the cytoplasm and the nucleus. As for the assayed parameters of cell transformation such as ability to growth without requiring adherence to a surface (soft-agar assay), the secretion of extracellular matrix metalloproteinase to the medium (zymography), migration capacity and ability of the secretome of exposed cells to promote tumor growth, significant effects were detected in all cases, with the exception of the extracellular matrix metalloproteinases (MMP2 and MMP9) secretion. Our results point out the potential carcinogenic risk associated with AgNPs exposure under long-term exposure conditions, as well as the importance of using realistic exposure scenarios to test nanomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Vila
- a Grup de Mutagènesi, Departament de Genètica i de Microbiologia , Facultat de Biociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona , Bellaterra , Spain
| | - Ricard Marcos
- a Grup de Mutagènesi, Departament de Genètica i de Microbiologia , Facultat de Biociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona , Bellaterra , Spain.,b CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública , ISCIII , Madrid , Spain
| | - Alba Hernández
- a Grup de Mutagènesi, Departament de Genètica i de Microbiologia , Facultat de Biociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona , Bellaterra , Spain.,b CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública , ISCIII , Madrid , Spain
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30
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Dorier M, Béal D, Marie-Desvergne C, Dubosson M, Barreau F, Houdeau E, Herlin-Boime N, Carriere M. Continuous in vitro exposure of intestinal epithelial cells to E171 food additive causes oxidative stress, inducing oxidation of DNA bases but no endoplasmic reticulum stress. Nanotoxicology 2017; 11:751-761. [PMID: 28671030 DOI: 10.1080/17435390.2017.1349203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
The whitening and opacifying properties of titanium dioxide (TiO2) are commonly exploited when it is used as a food additive (E171). However, the safety of this additive can be questioned as TiO2 nanoparticles (TiO2-NPs) have been classed at potentially toxic. This study aimed to shed some light on the mechanisms behind the potential toxicity of E171 on epithelial intestinal cells, using two in vitro models: (i) a monoculture of differentiated Caco-2 cells and (ii) a coculture of Caco-2 with HT29-MTX mucus-secreting cells. Cells were exposed to E171 and two different types of TiO2-NPs, either acutely (6-48 h) or repeatedly (three times a week for 3 weeks). Our results confirm that E171 damaged these cells, and that the main mechanism of toxicity was oxidation effects. Responses of the two models to E171 were similar, with a moderate, but significant, accumulation of reactive oxygen species, and concomitant downregulation of the expression of the antioxidant enzymes catalase, superoxide dismutase and glutathione reductase. Oxidative damage to DNA was detected in exposed cells, proving that E171 effectively induces oxidative stress; however, no endoplasmic reticulum stress was detected. E171 effects were less intense after acute exposure compared to repeated exposure, which correlated with higher Ti accumulation. The effects were also more intense in cells exposed to E171 than in cells exposed to TiO2-NPs. Taken together, these data show that E171 induces only moderate toxicity in epithelial intestinal cells, via oxidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Dorier
- a Chimie Interface Biologie pour l'Environnement, la Santé et la Toxicologie (CIBEST) , INAC, SyMMES, University of Grenoble Alpes , Grenoble , France.,b Chimie Interface Biologie pour l'Environnement, la Santé et la Toxicologie (CIBEST) , CEA, INAC, LCIB , Grenoble , France
| | - David Béal
- a Chimie Interface Biologie pour l'Environnement, la Santé et la Toxicologie (CIBEST) , INAC, SyMMES, University of Grenoble Alpes , Grenoble , France.,b Chimie Interface Biologie pour l'Environnement, la Santé et la Toxicologie (CIBEST) , CEA, INAC, LCIB , Grenoble , France
| | - Caroline Marie-Desvergne
- c Nanosafety Platform, Medical Biology Laboratory (LBM) , CEA, University of Grenoble Alpes , Grenoble , France
| | - Muriel Dubosson
- c Nanosafety Platform, Medical Biology Laboratory (LBM) , CEA, University of Grenoble Alpes , Grenoble , France
| | - Frédérick Barreau
- d INSERM, UMR1220 , Institut de Recherche en Santé Digestive , Toulouse , France
| | - Eric Houdeau
- e Toxalim (Research Center in Food Toxicology), Department Intestinal Development , Xeniobiotics and ImmunoToxicology, Université de Toulouse, INRA, ENVT, INP-Purpan , Toulouse , France.,f UPS, UMR1331, Toxalim , Université de Toulouse , Toulouse , France
| | | | - Marie Carriere
- a Chimie Interface Biologie pour l'Environnement, la Santé et la Toxicologie (CIBEST) , INAC, SyMMES, University of Grenoble Alpes , Grenoble , France.,b Chimie Interface Biologie pour l'Environnement, la Santé et la Toxicologie (CIBEST) , CEA, INAC, LCIB , Grenoble , France
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31
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Intracellular Accumulation of Gold Nanoparticles Leads to Inhibition of Macropinocytosis to Reduce the Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress. Sci Rep 2017; 7:40493. [PMID: 28145529 PMCID: PMC5286442 DOI: 10.1038/srep40493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2016] [Accepted: 12/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding the toxicity of nanomaterials remains largely limited to acute cellular response, i.e., short-term in vitro cell-death based assays, and analyses of tissue- and organ-level accumulation and clearance patterns in animal models, which have produced very little information about how these materials (from the toxicity point of view) interact with the complex intracellular machinery. In particular, understanding the mechanism of toxicity caused by the gradual accumulation of nanomaterials due to prolonged exposure times is essential yet still continue to be a largely unexplored territory. Herein, we show intracellular accumulation and the associated toxicity of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) for over two-months in the cultured vascular endothelial cells. We observed that steady exposure of AuNPs at low (non-lethal) dose leads to rapid intracellular accumulation without causing any detectable cell death while resulting in elevated endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. Above a certain intracellular AuNP threshold, inhibition of macropinocytosis mechanism ceases further nanoparticle uptake. Interestingly, the intracellular depletion of nanoparticles is irreversible. Once reaching the maximum achievable intracellular dose, a steady depletion is observed, while no cell death is observed at any stage of this overall process. This depletion is important for reducing the ER stress. To our knowledge, this is the first report suggesting active regulation of nanoparticle uptake by cells and the impact of long-term exposure to nanoparticles in vitro.
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32
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Vila L, Rubio L, Annangi B, García-Rodríguez A, Marcos R, Hernández A. Frozen dispersions of nanomaterials are a useful operational procedure in nanotoxicology. Nanotoxicology 2016; 11:31-40. [DOI: 10.1080/17435390.2016.1262918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Laura Vila
- Grup de Mutagènesi, Departament de Genètica i de Microbiologia, Facultat de Biociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Laura Rubio
- Grup de Mutagènesi, Departament de Genètica i de Microbiologia, Facultat de Biociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Balasubramanyam Annangi
- Grup de Mutagènesi, Departament de Genètica i de Microbiologia, Facultat de Biociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Alba García-Rodríguez
- Grup de Mutagènesi, Departament de Genètica i de Microbiologia, Facultat de Biociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Ricard Marcos
- Grup de Mutagènesi, Departament de Genètica i de Microbiologia, Facultat de Biociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública, ISCIII, Madrid, Spain
| | - Alba Hernández
- Grup de Mutagènesi, Departament de Genètica i de Microbiologia, Facultat de Biociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública, ISCIII, Madrid, Spain
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33
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Xia Q, Li H, Liu Y, Zhang S, Feng Q, Xiao K. The effect of particle size on the genotoxicity of gold nanoparticles. J Biomed Mater Res A 2016; 105:710-719. [PMID: 27770565 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.35944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2016] [Revised: 10/16/2016] [Accepted: 10/18/2016] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Despite the increasing biomedical applications of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs), their toxicological effects need to be thoroughly understood. In the present study, the genotoxic potential of commercially available AuNPs with varying size (5, 20, and 50 nm) were assessed using a battery of in vitro and in vivo genotoxicity assays. In the comet assay, 20 and 50 nm AuNPs did not induce obvious DNA damage in HepG2 cells at the tested concentrations, whereas 5 nm NPs induced a dose-dependent increment in DNA damage after 24-h exposure. Furthermore, 5 nm AuNPs induced cell cycle arrest in G1 phase in response to DNA damage, and promoted the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). In the chromosomal aberration test, AuNPs exposure did not increase in the frequency of chromosomal aberrations in Chinese hamster lung (CHL) cells. In the standard in vivo micronucleus test, no obvious increase in the frequency of micronucleus formation was found in mice after 4 day exposure of AuNPs. However, when the exposure period was extended to 14 days, 5 nm AuNPs presented significant clastogenic damage, with a dose-dependent increase of micronuclei frequencies. This finding suggests that particle size plays an important role in determining the genotoxicity of AuNPs. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 105A: 710-719, 2017.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiyue Xia
- National Chengdu Center for Safety Evaluation of Drugs, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongxia Li
- National Chengdu Center for Safety Evaluation of Drugs, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Liu
- National Chengdu Center for Safety Evaluation of Drugs, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China.,West China School of Public Health, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuyang Zhang
- National Chengdu Center for Safety Evaluation of Drugs, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China.,West China School of Public Health, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiyi Feng
- National Chengdu Center for Safety Evaluation of Drugs, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China.,Laboratory of Non-Human Primate Disease Model research, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Kai Xiao
- National Chengdu Center for Safety Evaluation of Drugs, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China.,Laboratory of Non-Human Primate Disease Model research, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China
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Long-term exposures to low doses of silver nanoparticles enhanced in vitro malignant cell transformation in non-tumorigenic BEAS-2B cells. Toxicol In Vitro 2016; 37:41-49. [PMID: 27596524 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2016.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2016] [Accepted: 09/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
To predict carcinogenic potential of AgNPs on the respiratory system, BEAS-2B cells (human bronchial epithelial cells) were chronically exposed to low- and non-cytotoxic dose (0.13 and 1.33μg/ml) of AgNPs for 4months (#40 passages). To assess malignant cell transformation of chronic exposure to AgNPs, several bioassays including anchorage independent agar colony formation, cell migration/invasion assay, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) were performed in BEAS-2B cells. Chronic exposure to AgNPs showed a significant increase of anchorage independent agar colony formation and cell migration/invasion. EMT, which is the loss of epithelial markers (E-Cadherin and Keratin) and the gain of mesenchymal marker (N-cadherin and Vimentin), was induced by chronic exposure to AgNPs. These responses indicated that chronic exposure to AgNPs could acquire characteristics of tumorigenic cells from normal BEAS-2B cells. In addition, caspase-3, p-p53, p-p38, and p-JNK were significantly decreased, while p-ERK1/2 was significantly increased. MMP-9 related to cell migration/invasion was upregulated, while a MMP-9 inhibitor, TIMP-1 was down-regulated. These results indicated that BEAS-2B cells exposed to AgNPs could induce anti-apoptotic response/anoikis resistance, and cell migration/invasion by complex regulation of MAPK kinase (p38, JNK, and ERK) and p53 signaling pathways. Therefore, we suggested that long-term exposure to low-dose of AgNPs could enhance malignant cell transformation in non-tumorigenic BEAS-2B cells. Our findings provide useful information needed to assess the carcinogenic potential of AgNPs.
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Hu X, Li D, Gao Y, Mu L, Zhou Q. Knowledge gaps between nanotoxicological research and nanomaterial safety. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2016; 94:8-23. [PMID: 27203780 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2016.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2016] [Revised: 05/01/2016] [Accepted: 05/02/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
With the wide research and application of nanomaterials in various fields, the safety of nanomaterials attracts much attention. An increasing number of reports in the literature have shown the adverse effects of nanomaterials, representing the quick development of nanotoxicology. However, many studies in nanotoxicology have not reflected the real nanomaterial safety, and the knowledge gaps between nanotoxicological research and nanomaterial safety remain large. Considering the remarkable influence of biological or environmental matrices (e.g., biological corona) on nanotoxicity, the situation of performing nanotoxicological experiments should be relevant to the environment and humans. Given the possibility of long-term and low-concentration exposure of nanomaterials, the reversibility of and adaptation to nanotoxicity, and the transgenerational effects should not be ignored. Different from common pollutants, the specific analysis methodology for nanotoxicology need development and exploration furthermore. High-throughput assay integrating with omics was highlighted in the present review to globally investigate nanotoxicity. In addition, the biological responses beyond individual levels, special mechanisms and control of nanotoxicity deserve more attention. The progress of nanotoxicology has been reviewed by previous articles. This review focuses on the blind spots in nanotoxicological research and provides insight into what we should do in future work to support the healthy development of nanotechnology and the evaluation of real nanomaterial safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangang Hu
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria (Ministry of Education), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China.
| | - Dandan Li
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria (Ministry of Education), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Yue Gao
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria (Ministry of Education), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Li Mu
- Institute of Agro-Environmental Protection, Ministry of Agriculture, Tianjin 300191, China
| | - Qixing Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria (Ministry of Education), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China.
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Rubio L, El Yamani N, Kazimirova A, Dusinska M, Marcos R. Multi-walled carbon nanotubes (NM401) induce ROS-mediated HPRT mutations in Chinese hamster lung fibroblasts. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2016; 146:185-190. [PMID: 26774957 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2016.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2015] [Revised: 12/17/2015] [Accepted: 01/03/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Although there is an important set of data showing potential genotoxic effects of nanomaterials (NMs) at the DNA (comet assay) and chromosome (micronucleus test) levels, few studies have been conducted to analyze their potential mutagenic effects at gene level. We have determined the ability of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT, NM401), to induce mutations in the HPRT gene in Chinese hamster lung (V79) fibroblasts. NM401, characterized in the EU NanoGenotox project, were further studied within the EU Framework Programme Seven (FP7) project NANoREG. From the proliferation assay data we selected a dose-range of 0.12 to 12µg/cm(2) At these range we have been able to observe significant cellular uptake of MWCNT by using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), as well as a concentration-dependent induction of intracellular reactive oxygen species. In addition, a clear concentration-dependent increase in the induction of HPRT mutations was also observed. Data support a potential genotoxic/ carcinogenic risk associated with MWCNT exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Rubio
- Grup de Mutagènesi, Departament de Genètica i de Microbiologia, Facultat de Biociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Naouale El Yamani
- Health Effects Laboratory-MILK, NILU-Norwegian Institute for Air Research, Kjeller, Norway
| | - Alena Kazimirova
- Department of Biology, Slovak Medical University, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Maria Dusinska
- Health Effects Laboratory-MILK, NILU-Norwegian Institute for Air Research, Kjeller, Norway.
| | - Ricard Marcos
- Grup de Mutagènesi, Departament de Genètica i de Microbiologia, Facultat de Biociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain; CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
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Prasad S, Gupta SC, Tyagi AK. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) and cancer: Role of antioxidative nutraceuticals. Cancer Lett 2016; 387:95-105. [PMID: 27037062 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2016.03.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 585] [Impact Index Per Article: 73.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2015] [Revised: 03/22/2016] [Accepted: 03/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Extensive research over the past half a century indicates that reactive oxygen species (ROS) play an important role in cancer. Although low levels of ROS can be beneficial, excessive accumulation can promote cancer. One characteristic of cancer cells that distinguishes them from normal cells is their ability to produce increased numbers of ROS and their increased dependence on an antioxidant defense system. ROS are produced as a byproduct intracellularly by mitochondria and other cellular elements and exogenously by pollutants, tobacco, smoke, drugs, xenobiotics, and radiation. ROS modulate various cell signaling pathways, which are primarily mediated through the transcription factors NF-κB and STAT3, hypoxia-inducible factor-1α, kinases, growth factors, cytokines and other proteins, and enzymes; these pathways have been linked to cellular transformation, inflammation, tumor survival, proliferation, invasion, angiogenesis, and metastasis of cancer. ROS are also associated with epigenetic changes in genes, which is helpful in diagnosing diseases. This review considers the role of ROS in the various stages of cancer development. Finally, we provide evidence that nutraceuticals derived from Mother Nature are highly effective in eliminating cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sahdeo Prasad
- Cytokine Research Laboratory, Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77054, USA.
| | - Subash C Gupta
- Cytokine Research Laboratory, Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77054, USA
| | - Amit K Tyagi
- Cytokine Research Laboratory, Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77054, USA
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Uboldi C, Orsière T, Darolles C, Aloin V, Tassistro V, George I, Malard V. Poorly soluble cobalt oxide particles trigger genotoxicity via multiple pathways. Part Fibre Toxicol 2016; 13:5. [PMID: 26843362 PMCID: PMC4739324 DOI: 10.1186/s12989-016-0118-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2015] [Accepted: 01/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Poorly soluble cobalt (II, III) oxide particles (Co3O4P) are believed to induce in vitro cytotoxic effects via a Trojan-horse mechanism. Once internalized into lysosomal and acidic intracellular compartments, Co3O4P slowly release a low amount of cobalt ions (Co(2+)) that impair the viability of in vitro cultures. In this study, we focused on the genotoxic potential of Co3O4P by performing a comprehensive investigation of the DNA damage exerted in BEAS-2B human bronchial epithelial cells. RESULTS Our results demonstrate that poorly soluble Co3O4P enhanced the formation of micronuclei in binucleated cells. Moreover, by comet assay we showed that Co3O4P induced primary and oxidative DNA damage, and by scoring the formation of γ-H2Ax foci, we demonstrated that Co3O4P also generated double DNA strand breaks. CONCLUSIONS By comparing the effects exerted by poorly soluble Co3O4P with those obtained in the presence of soluble cobalt chloride (CoCl2), we demonstrated that the genotoxic effects of Co3O4P are not simply due to the released Co(2+) but are induced by the particles themselves, as genotoxicity is observed at very low Co3O4P concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Uboldi
- Institut Méditerranéen de Biodiversité et d'Ecologie marine et continentale (IMBE), Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, IRD, Avignon Université, Equipe Biogénotoxicologie, Santé Humaine et Environnement, Faculté de Médecine Timone, Marseille, France
| | - Thierry Orsière
- Institut Méditerranéen de Biodiversité et d'Ecologie marine et continentale (IMBE), Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, IRD, Avignon Université, Equipe Biogénotoxicologie, Santé Humaine et Environnement, Faculté de Médecine Timone, Marseille, France
| | - Carine Darolles
- CEA, DSV, Institute of Environmental Biology and Biotechnology (IBEB), Perturbed Systems Biochemistry Laboratory (LBSP), Bagnols-sur-Cèze, France
| | - Valérie Aloin
- CEA, DSV, Institute of Environmental Biology and Biotechnology (IBEB), Perturbed Systems Biochemistry Laboratory (LBSP), Bagnols-sur-Cèze, France
| | - Virginie Tassistro
- Institut Méditerranéen de Biodiversité et d'Ecologie marine et continentale (IMBE), Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, IRD, Avignon Université, Equipe Biogénotoxicologie, Santé Humaine et Environnement, Faculté de Médecine Timone, Marseille, France
| | - Isabelle George
- CEA, DSV, Institute of Environmental Biology and Biotechnology (IBEB), Perturbed Systems Biochemistry Laboratory (LBSP), Bagnols-sur-Cèze, France.,CEA, DSV, Institute of Biology and Technology Saclay (Ibitec-s), Molecular Labeling and Bio-organic Chemistry Unit (SCBM), Gif sur Yvette, France
| | - Véronique Malard
- CEA, DSV, Institute of Environmental Biology and Biotechnology (IBEB), Perturbed Systems Biochemistry Laboratory (LBSP), Bagnols-sur-Cèze, France. .,CEA, DSV, Institute of Environmental Biology and Biotechnology (IBEB), IBEB, Laboratoire des Interactions Protéine Métal, Saint-Paul-Lez-Durance, France.
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Alaraby M, Annangi B, Marcos R, Hernández A. Drosophila melanogaster as a suitable in vivo model to determine potential side effects of nanomaterials: A review. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART B, CRITICAL REVIEWS 2016; 19:65-104. [PMID: 27128498 DOI: 10.1080/10937404.2016.1166466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Despite being a relatively new field, nanoscience has been in the forefront among many scientific areas. Nanoparticle materials (NM) present interesting physicochemical characteristics not necessarily found in their bulky forms, and alterations in their size or coating markedly modify their physical, chemical, and biological properties. Due to these novel properties there is a general trend to exploit these NM in several fields of science, particularly in medicine and industry. The increased presence of NM in the environment warrants evaluation of potential harmful effects in order to protect both environment and human exposed populations. Although in vitro approaches are commonly used to determine potential adverse effects of NM, in vivo studies generate data expected to be more relevant for risk assessment. As an in vivo model Drosophila melanogaster was previously found to possess reliable utility in determining the biological effects of NM, and thus its usage increased markedly over the last few years. The aims of this review are to present a comprehensive overview of all apparent studies carried out with NM and Drosophila, to attain a clear and comprehensive picture of the potential risk of NM exposure to health, and to demonstrate the advantages of using Drosophila in nanotoxicological investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Alaraby
- a Grup de Mutagènesi, Departament de Genètica i de Microbiologia, Facultat de Biociències , Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona , Campus de Bellaterra , Cerdanyola del Vallès , Spain
- b Zoology Department, Faculty of Sciences , Sohag University , Sohag , Egypt
| | - Balasubramanyam Annangi
- a Grup de Mutagènesi, Departament de Genètica i de Microbiologia, Facultat de Biociències , Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona , Campus de Bellaterra , Cerdanyola del Vallès , Spain
| | - Ricard Marcos
- a Grup de Mutagènesi, Departament de Genètica i de Microbiologia, Facultat de Biociències , Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona , Campus de Bellaterra , Cerdanyola del Vallès , Spain
- c CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública , ISCIII , Madrid , Spain
| | - Alba Hernández
- a Grup de Mutagènesi, Departament de Genètica i de Microbiologia, Facultat de Biociències , Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona , Campus de Bellaterra , Cerdanyola del Vallès , Spain
- c CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública , ISCIII , Madrid , Spain
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Annangi B, Rubio L, Alaraby M, Bach J, Marcos R, Hernández A. Acute and long-term in vitro effects of zinc oxide nanoparticles. Arch Toxicol 2015; 90:2201-2213. [DOI: 10.1007/s00204-015-1613-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2015] [Accepted: 09/30/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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41
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Kim JH, Kim HR, Lee BR, Choi ES, In SI, Kim E. Carcinogenic activity of PbS quantum dots screened using exosomal biomarkers secreted from HEK293 cells. Int J Nanomedicine 2015; 10:5513-27. [PMID: 26355701 PMCID: PMC4560511 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s89593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Lead sulfide (PbS) quantum dots (QDs) have been applied in the biomedical area because they offer an excellent platform for theragnostic applications. In order to comprehensively evaluate the biocompatibility of PbS QDs in human cells, we analyzed the exosomes secreted from cells because exosomes are released during cellular stress to convey signals to other cells and serve as a reservoir of enriched biomarkers. PbS QDs were synthesized and coated with 3-mercaptopropionic acid (MPA) to allow the particles to disperse in water. Exosomes were isolated from HEK293 cells treated with PbS-MPA at concentrations of 0 µg/mL, 5 µg/mL, and 50 µg/mL, and the exosomal expression levels of miRNAs and proteins were analyzed. As a result, five miRNAs and two proteins were proposed as specific exosomal biomarkers for the exposure of HEK293 cells to PbS-MPA. Based on the pathway analysis, the molecular signature of the exosomes suggested that PbS-MPA QDs had carcinogenic activity. The comet assay and expression of molecular markers, such as p53, interleukin (IL)-8, and C-X-C motif chemokine 5, indicated that DNA damage occurred in HEK293 cells following PbS-MPA exposure, which supported the carcinogenic activity of the particles. In addition, there was obvious intensification of miRNA expression signals in the exosomes compared with that of the parent cells, which suggested that exosomal biomarkers could be detected more sensitively than those of whole cellular extracts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung-Hee Kim
- Division of Nano and Energy Convergence Research, DGIST, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye-Rim Kim
- Department of Energy Systems Engineering, DGIST, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Bo-Ram Lee
- Division of Nano and Energy Convergence Research, DGIST, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Sook Choi
- Division of Nano and Energy Convergence Research, DGIST, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Su-Il In
- Department of Energy Systems Engineering, DGIST, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Eunjoo Kim
- Division of Nano and Energy Convergence Research, DGIST, Daegu, Republic of Korea
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Vales G, Rubio L, Marcos R. Long-term exposures to low doses of titanium dioxide nanoparticles induce cell transformation, but not genotoxic damage in BEAS-2B cells. Nanotoxicology 2014; 9:568-78. [PMID: 25238462 DOI: 10.3109/17435390.2014.957252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
There is a great interest in a better knowledge of the health effects caused by nanomaterials exposures and, in particular to those induced by titanium dioxide nanoparticles (nano-TiO2) due to its high use and increasing presence in the environment. To add new information on its potential genotoxic/carcinogenic risk, we have carried out experiments using chronic exposures (up to 4 weeks), low doses, and the BEAS-2B cell line that, as a human bronchial epithelium cells, can be considered a good cell target. Cell uptake has been assessed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and flow cytometry (FC); genotoxicity was evaluated using the comet and the micronucleus (MN) assays; and cell-transforming ability was evaluated using the soft-agar assay to detect anchorage-independent cell growth. Results show an important cell uptake at all the tested doses and sampling times used (except for 1 µg/mL and 24-h exposure). Nevertheless, no genotoxic effects were observed in the comet and in the MN assays. This lack of genotoxic effect agrees with the FC results showing no induction of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), the data from the comet assay with formamidopyrimidine DNA glycosylase (FPG) enzyme showing no induction of oxidized bases, and the lack of induction of expression of heme-oxygenase (HO-1) gene both at the RNA and protein level. On the contrary, significant increases in the number of clones growing in an anchorage-independent way were observed. This study would indicate a potential carcinogenic risk associated to nano-TiO2 exposure, not mediated by a genotoxic mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerard Vales
- Grup de Mutagènesi, Departament de Genètica i de Microbiologia, Facultat de Biociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona , Bellaterra , Spain , and
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