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Kim J, Cuevas H. Musical Activity Engagement, Depressive Symptoms, Physical Activity, and Cognitive Function in People With Type 2 Diabetes. Nurs Res 2024; 73:381-389. [PMID: 38838256 PMCID: PMC11344666 DOI: 10.1097/nnr.0000000000000749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Music interventions have beneficial effects on cognitive function and related risk factors, such as depressive symptoms and behavior of exercise participation. However, little research has been conducted on music's effects on people with type 2 diabetes, and evidence of the effect remains inconclusive in this population. OBJECTIVES Guided by the theory of music, mood, and movement (MMM), this exploratory study aimed to examine the direct and indirect effects of musical activity engagement, depressive symptoms, and physical activity on cognitive function in people with type 2 diabetes. METHODS The present study is a secondary data analysis using the cross-sectional data collected from the Memory, Attention, and Problem-Solving Skills for Persons With Diabetes trial conducted between 2021 and 2023. Data were collected using self-reported questionnaires and a computerized cognitive assessment tool. A total of 189 people with type 2 diabetes and subjective cognitive decline were included in the study. Path analysis was conducted using IBM SPSS AMOS to examine the pathways of the proposed conceptual framework. RESULTS The study results partially support the MMM model for subjective cognitive function but not objective cognitive function. The path model demonstrated the significant direct effects of musical activity engagement on physical activity, physical activity on subjective cognitive function, and depressive symptoms on physical activity as well as on subjective cognitive function. There was a significant indirect effect of musical activity engagement on subjective cognitive function through physical activity-which fully mediated this relationship. However, no significant direct effect of musical activity engagement on depressive symptoms and subjective cognitive function was found. DISCUSSION The findings suggest that regular assessment of the presence of depressive symptoms and physical activity participation should be done in people with type 2 diabetes to identify potential modifiable factors and develop targeted interventions for cognitive health promotion. Also, our findings provide insights into the potential use of music to facilitate physical activity and manage cognitive health in people with type 2 diabetes. This study partially supports the MMM model; however, more research with a rigorous study design and larger sample size is needed to better understand the relationships among musical activity engagement, depressive symptoms, physical activity, and cognitive function.
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Requier F, Demnitz-King H, Frison E, Delarue M, Gonneaud J, Chételat G, Klimecki O, Salmon E, Lutz A, Marchant NL, Collette F. The evolution of subjective cognition after meditation training in older people: a secondary analysis of the three-arm age-well randomized controlled trial. NEUROPSYCHOLOGY, DEVELOPMENT, AND COGNITION. SECTION B, AGING, NEUROPSYCHOLOGY AND COGNITION 2024:1-18. [PMID: 39017643 DOI: 10.1080/13825585.2024.2376783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/18/2024]
Abstract
Aging is associated with cognitive changes, even in the absence of brain pathology. This study aimed to determine if meditation training, by comparison to active and passive control groups, is linked to changes in the perception of cognitive functioning in older adults. One hundred thirty-four healthy older participants from the Age-Well Randomized Clinical Trial were included: 45 followed a meditation training, 45 a non-native language training and 44 had no intervention. Subjective cognition was assessed at baseline and following the 18-month intervention period. Perception of attentional efficiency was assessed using internal and external Attentional Style Questionnaire (ASQ) subscale scores. Perception of global cognitive capacities was measured via the total score of Cognitive Difficulties Scale (CDS). Deltas ([posttest minus pretest scores]/standard deviation at pretest) were calculated for the analyses. Generalized mixed effects models controlling for age, sex, education and baseline scores revealed that meditation training decreased the vulnerability score toward external distractors measured by the ASQ compared to non-native language training. However, no between-groups differences on ASQ internal or CDS total scores were observed. Results suggest a beneficial effect of meditation practice on perceived management of external distracting information in daily life. Meditation training may cultivate the ability to focus on specific information (e.g., breath) and ignore stimulation from other kinds of stimuli (e.g., noise).
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Affiliation(s)
- Florence Requier
- GIGA-CRC Human Imaging, Université de Liège, Liège, Belgium
- Department of Psychology, Cognition and Behavior, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | | | - Eric Frison
- Eduwell team, Lyon Neuroscience Research Center, Lyon University, Lyon, France
| | - Marion Delarue
- PhIND "Physiopathology and Imaging of Neurological Disorders", Institut Blood and Brain at Caen-Normandie, Caen, France
| | - Julie Gonneaud
- PhIND "Physiopathology and Imaging of Neurological Disorders", Institut Blood and Brain at Caen-Normandie, Caen, France
| | - Gaël Chételat
- PhIND "Physiopathology and Imaging of Neurological Disorders", Institut Blood and Brain at Caen-Normandie, Caen, France
| | - Olga Klimecki
- Swiss Center for Affective Sciences, Department of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Eric Salmon
- GIGA-CRC Human Imaging, Université de Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Antoine Lutz
- Eduwell team, Lyon Neuroscience Research Center, Lyon University, Lyon, France
| | | | - Fabienne Collette
- GIGA-CRC Human Imaging, Université de Liège, Liège, Belgium
- Department of Psychology, Cognition and Behavior, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
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Salakka I, Pitkäniemi A, Pentikäinen E, Saari P, Toiviainen P, Särkämö T. Emotional and musical factors combined with song-specific age predict the subjective autobiographical saliency of music in older adults. PSYCHOLOGY OF MUSIC 2024; 52:305-321. [PMID: 38708378 PMCID: PMC11068497 DOI: 10.1177/03057356231186961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
Music that evokes strong emotional responses is often experienced as autobiographically salient. Through emotional experience, the musical features of songs could also contribute to their subjective autobiographical saliency. Songs which have been popular during adolescence or young adulthood (ages 10-30) are more likely to evoke stronger memories, a phenomenon known as a reminiscence bump. In the present study, we sought to determine how song-specific age, emotional responsiveness to music, musical features, and subjective memory functioning contribute to the subjective autobiographical saliency of music in older adults. In a music listening study, 112 participants rated excerpts of popular songs from the 1950s to the 1980s for autobiographical saliency. Additionally, they filled out questionnaires about emotional responsiveness to music and subjective memory functioning. The song excerpts' musical features were extracted computationally using MIRtoolbox. Results showed that autobiographical saliency was best predicted by song-specific age and emotional responsiveness to music and musical features. Newer songs that were more similar in rhythm to older songs were also rated higher in autobiographical saliency. Overall, this study contributes to autobiographical memory research by uncovering a set of factors affecting the subjective autobiographical saliency of music.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilja Salakka
- Music, Ageing and Rehabilitation Team, Cognitive Brain Research Unit, Department of Psychology and Logopedics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Centre of Excellence in Music, Mind, Body and Brain, University of Jyväskylä and University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Rehabilitation Foundation, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Anni Pitkäniemi
- Music, Ageing and Rehabilitation Team, Cognitive Brain Research Unit, Department of Psychology and Logopedics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Centre of Excellence in Music, Mind, Body and Brain, University of Jyväskylä and University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Emmi Pentikäinen
- Music, Ageing and Rehabilitation Team, Cognitive Brain Research Unit, Department of Psychology and Logopedics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Centre of Excellence in Music, Mind, Body and Brain, University of Jyväskylä and University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Pasi Saari
- Department of Music, Art and Culture Studies, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Petri Toiviainen
- Centre of Excellence in Music, Mind, Body and Brain, University of Jyväskylä and University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Music, Art and Culture Studies, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Teppo Särkämö
- Music, Ageing and Rehabilitation Team, Cognitive Brain Research Unit, Department of Psychology and Logopedics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Centre of Excellence in Music, Mind, Body and Brain, University of Jyväskylä and University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
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Liu Q, Wang F, Tan L, Liu L, Hu X. Art therapies and cognitive function in elderly with subjective cognitive decline: a protocol for a network meta-analysis. BMJ Open 2024; 14:e079146. [PMID: 38643016 PMCID: PMC11033635 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2023-079146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/22/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Subjective cognitive decline means a decline in the subjective perception of self-cognitive function, which is likely to evolve into mild cognitive impairment and dementia. The number of elderly with subjective cognitive decline has increased, bringing huge burdens and challenges to caregivers and society. With the increase in research on art therapies, some of them have gradually been proven to be effective for cognitive function. Therefore, this study aims to summarise the evidence and identify the best art therapy for elderly with subjective cognitive decline. METHODS AND ANALYSIS We will include published randomised controlled trials written in English and Chinese if the intervention is one of the art therapies and applied in people aged 60 and above with subjective cognitive decline. Eight electronic databases, including the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, PubMed, Web of Science, Elsevier, China BioMedical Literature Database, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, VIP Database and Wanfang Database, will be searched from January 2013 to December 2023. Art therapies will mainly include music therapy, reminiscence therapy, painting therapy, dance therapy, reading therapy, horticultural therapy, museum therapy, calligraphy therapy and so on. The outcome will be cognitive function. Study selection, data extraction and quality assessment will be performed by two reviewers. The risk of bias will be evaluated according to the Cochrane Collaboration's risk-of-bias tool, and the evidence quality will be assessed with the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation. Standard pairwise meta-analysis and Bayesian network meta-analysis will be conducted. The probabilities of each art therapy will be ranked based on the surface under the cumulative ranking curve. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION Ethical approval is not required for reviewing published studies. To provide important evidence for clinicians and guideline developers, the findings of this study will be submitted to a peer-reviewed journal. PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER CRD42023443773.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Liu
- Innovation Center of Nursing Research, Nursing Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University/West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Fang Wang
- Innovation Center of Nursing Research, Nursing Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University/West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Lixia Tan
- Innovation Center of Nursing Research, Nursing Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University/West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Li Liu
- Innovation Center of Nursing Research, Nursing Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University/West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiuying Hu
- Innovation Center of Nursing Research, Nursing Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University/West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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T. Zaatar M, Alhakim K, Enayeh M, Tamer R. The transformative power of music: Insights into neuroplasticity, health, and disease. Brain Behav Immun Health 2024; 35:100716. [PMID: 38178844 PMCID: PMC10765015 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbih.2023.100716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Music is a universal language that can elicit profound emotional and cognitive responses. In this literature review, we explore the intricate relationship between music and the brain, from how it is decoded by the nervous system to its therapeutic potential in various disorders. Music engages a diverse network of brain regions and circuits, including sensory-motor processing, cognitive, memory, and emotional components. Music-induced brain network oscillations occur in specific frequency bands, and listening to one's preferred music can grant easier access to these brain functions. Moreover, music training can bring about structural and functional changes in the brain, and studies have shown its positive effects on social bonding, cognitive abilities, and language processing. We also discuss how music therapy can be used to retrain impaired brain circuits in different disorders. Understanding how music affects the brain can open up new avenues for music-based interventions in healthcare, education, and wellbeing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muriel T. Zaatar
- Department of Biological and Physical Sciences, American University in Dubai, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
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Lepping RJ, Hess BJ, Taylor JM, Hanson-Abromeit D, Williams KN. Inconsistent Music-Based Intervention Reporting in Dementia Studies: A Systematic Mapping Review. J Alzheimers Dis 2024; 100:1145-1159. [PMID: 38995790 PMCID: PMC11380233 DOI: 10.3233/jad-240255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/14/2024]
Abstract
Background Recent research has shown beneficial results for music-based interventions (MBIs) for persons living with Alzheimer's disease and related dementias (AD/ADRD), but reports often lack sufficient detail about the MBI methodology, which reduces replicability. A detailed checklist for best practices in how to report MBIs was created in 2011 by Robb and colleagues to remedy the lack of detail in MBI descriptions. The implementation of the checklist specifically in AD/ADRD research has not been established. Given the complexity of music and the variety of uses for research and health, specific MBI descriptions are necessary for rigorous replication and validation of study results. Objective This systematic mapping review utilized the "Checklist for Reporting Music-Based Interventions" to evaluate the current state of MBI descriptive specificity in AD/ADRD research. Methods Research articles testing MBIs and reviews of MBI efficacy published between January 2015 and August 2023 were scored using the checklist and the results were summarized. Results Forty-eight studies were screened, and reporting was inconsistent across the 11 checklist criteria. Ten out of 48 studies fully reported more than 5 of the 11 criteria. Only one of the 11 scoring criteria was at least partially reported across 47 of 48 studies. Conclusions Thorough reporting of intervention detail for MBIs remains limited in AD/ADRD MBI research. This impedes study validation, replication, and slows the progress of research and potential application of music in practice. Greater implementation of the reporting guidelines provided by Robb and colleagues would move the field of MBI research for AD/ADRD forward more quickly and efficiently.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca J Lepping
- Department of Neurology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
- University of Kansas Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
- Hoglund Biomedical Imaging Center, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Benjamin J Hess
- Department of Neurology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
- University of Kansas Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
- Hoglund Biomedical Imaging Center, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Jasmine M Taylor
- Department of Neurology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
- University of Kansas Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
- Hoglund Biomedical Imaging Center, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Deanna Hanson-Abromeit
- School of Music, Music Education and Music Therapy, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, USA
| | - Kristine N Williams
- University of Kansas Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
- School of Nursing, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
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Kim J, Cuevas H. The impact of musical reward responses on cognitive function in older adults with type 2 diabetes. Geriatr Nurs 2024; 55:327-332. [PMID: 38147787 PMCID: PMC11079956 DOI: 10.1016/j.gerinurse.2023.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/28/2023]
Abstract
Cognitive decline is prevalent in older adults with type 2 diabetes (T2DM). The use of music has emerged to improve cognitive health. Even though reward from music has been shown to improve cognitive function, no studies have focused on specific factors of musical reward. This study investigated which factors of musical reward impact cognitive function in older adults with T2DM. A secondary data analysis was conducted with 185 older adults with T2DM and subjective cognitive decline. Among the musical reward factors, mood regulation significantly influenced subjective cognitive function (β = 0.315; p < 0.001). The findings suggest that music interventions for older adults with T2DM may need to focus on managing their psychological states for the intervention to have beneficial effects on cognitive function. Future rigorous studies with larger sample sizes should be done to obtain robust evidence for optimal music interventions for older adults with T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeeyeon Kim
- School of Nursing, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA.
| | - Heather Cuevas
- School of Nursing, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
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Xue B, Meng X, Liu Q, Luo X. The effect of receptive music therapy on older adults with mild cognitive impairment and depression: a randomized controlled trial. Sci Rep 2023; 13:22159. [PMID: 38092791 PMCID: PMC10719334 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-49162-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aims to evaluate the effects of a receptive music therapy intervention on cognitive functions and depressive symptoms in older adults with MCI. A randomized controlled trial was conducted in Wuhan, China. Eighty older adults, over 65, who had MCI and depression symptoms were randomly divided into the intervention and control groups. The intervention group received usual nursing care plus receptive music therapy intervention four times a week, for eight weeks; the control group received usual nursing care during the same period. The linear regression analysis was used to compare the difference between groups. There was a significant difference in the intervention group for the pre-intervention and post-intervention scores of cognitive function and depression. There was no significant difference in the control group before and after the study period and a significant between-group difference in both cognitive function and depression. In conclusion, receptive music therapy intervention significantly improved cognitive function and reduced depressive symptoms in older adults with MCI. It could be widely used in communities and nursing homes to improve the quality of life of older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Xue
- School of Nursing, Wuhan University, 115 Donghu Road, Wuhan, 430071, Hubei, China
- Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xianmei Meng
- School of Nursing, Wuhan University, 115 Donghu Road, Wuhan, 430071, Hubei, China
| | - Qiuxia Liu
- School of Nursing, Wuhan University, 115 Donghu Road, Wuhan, 430071, Hubei, China
| | - Xianwu Luo
- School of Nursing, Wuhan University, 115 Donghu Road, Wuhan, 430071, Hubei, China.
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Hwang MH, Bunt L, Warner C. An Eight-Week Zen Meditation and Music Programme for Mindfulness and Happiness: Qualitative Content Analysis. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:7140. [PMID: 38063569 PMCID: PMC10706294 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20237140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Revised: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023]
Abstract
Mental wellness can be related to healthier living, the learning process and working environments for people in the university community. A wide range of mental wellness programmes have been explored to provide students with pleasant and satisfying experiences. The purpose of this study is to explore the effects of integrating Zen meditation and music listening on the mindfulness and happiness levels of university music therapy students. A qualitative methodology was used, and data were collected through surveys and semi-structured interviews. To investigate various aspects of data regarding the role of the meditation and music (MM) programme for mindfulness and happiness, this study used thematic analysis within a qualitative research design. The findings of this study suggest that the 8-week Mindfulness Meditation (MM) programme is a potential approach for enhancing mindfulness, happiness and stress management. These results carry broader implications, particularly in terms of supporting mental health resources in higher education. Furthermore, the study contributes to the ongoing discussion regarding the positive impact of combining meditation and music to promote mental well-being. This integrated approach has the potential to strengthen coping strategies and further promote the integration of music and meditation practices in various contexts, including higher education.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mi Hyang Hwang
- School of Health and Social Wellbeing, College of Health, Science and Society, University of the West of England, Bristol BS16 1DD, UK
- Department of Buddhist Studies, Dongguk University, Seoul 04620, Republic of Korea
| | - Leslie Bunt
- School of Health and Social Wellbeing, College of Health, Science and Society, University of the West of England, Bristol BS16 1DD, UK
| | - Catherine Warner
- School of Health and Social Wellbeing, College of Health, Science and Society, University of the West of England, Bristol BS16 1DD, UK
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Romero Reyes YY, Andrade Valbuena LP. Is it possible to prevent the progression of mild cognitive impairment through non-pharmacological treatments? REVISTA COLOMBIANA DE PSIQUIATRIA (ENGLISH ED.) 2023; 52:372-379. [PMID: 38040542 DOI: 10.1016/j.rcpeng.2023.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Mild cognitive impairment produces slight cognitive and motor disturbances without affecting daily life during aging, however, if this symptomatology is not controlled, the speed of deterioration can increase, and even some cases of dementia can appear in the elderly population. OBJECTIVE To describe non-pharmacological therapies that seek to prevent, control and reduce the symptoms of mild cognitive impairment. METHODS An initial search was carried out in the databases of PubMed, Lilacs, EBSCO, ScienceDirect, Taylor & Francis and ProQuest. The results found were filtered through the PRISMA system and biases evaluated using the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions. RESULTS Four categories of non-pharmacological therapies were created, using 50 articles found in the search, which contribute to controlling and improving cognitive and motor areas, in order to reduce the symptoms presented by mild cognitive impairment. The treatments have different methods, instruments and objectives, so that no meta-analysis of the studies could be performed. In addition, limitations related to the sample, the effectiveness of the results and the methodological quality were found. CONCLUSIONS It was found that non-pharmacological therapies prevent, improve and control the symptoms caused by mild cognitive impairment, however, it is necessary to carry out more studies with better methodologies to corroborate these results.
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Aghajanyan V, Bhupathy S, Sheikh S, Nausheen F. A Narrative Review of Telomere Length Modulation Through Diverse Yoga and Meditation Styles: Current Insights and Prospective Avenues. Cureus 2023; 15:e46130. [PMID: 37900433 PMCID: PMC10612486 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.46130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Mindfulness practices have demonstrated the potential to positively impact various aspects of human health associated with telomere length (TL) - a recognized marker of healthy aging and susceptibility to age-related diseases. This review seeks to conduct an in-depth comparative analysis, examining methodological variations, outcome assessments, strengths, weaknesses, and gaps across mindfulness-focused studies concerning TL and attrition rates. While emerging data tentatively suggest a positive connection between mindfulness practices and TL, a notable research gap pertains to establishing the clinically recommended dosage of yoga/meditation and mindfulness interventions to effectively influence TL. To address this gap, upcoming research should prioritize meticulous structuring, pedagogical precision, and vigilant monitoring of mindfulness interventions to yield psychological and physiological benefits across an appropriate timeframe and intensity. The amalgamation of yoga/meditation or mindfulness emerges as a promising avenue for enhancing the quality of life while counteracting the influence of telomere attrition in the spectrum of age-related diseases. The core objective of this review is to meticulously investigate the interplay between yoga/meditation and mindfulness practices and their potential impact on TL - an essential biomarker indicative of age-related health and well-being. To achieve this, our study methodically compares various methodological approaches, outcome measures, strengths, and limitations within relevant research endeavors focused on TL and attrition rates. Through this scrutiny, we highlight prevailing research gaps. Our analysis underscores the need for comprehensive research efforts aimed at establishing the optimal therapeutic regimen for yielding significant clinical effects on TL and overall health. In summation, our exploration emphasizes the urgency of further studies to unravel the most effective approaches for positively influencing TL and its implications for holistic health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vahe Aghajanyan
- Medical Education, California University of Science and Medicine, Colton, USA
| | - Supriya Bhupathy
- Medical Education, California University of Science and Medicine, Colton, USA
| | - Shazia Sheikh
- Medical Education, California University of Science and Medicine, Colton, USA
| | - Fauzia Nausheen
- Education, California University of Science and Medicine, Colton, USA
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Lazarou I, Oikonomou VP, Mpaltadoros L, Grammatikopoulou M, Alepopoulos V, Stavropoulos TG, Bezerianos A, Nikolopoulos S, Kompatsiaris I, Tsolaki M. Eliciting brain waves of people with cognitive impairment during meditation exercises using portable electroencephalography in a smart-home environment: a pilot study. Front Aging Neurosci 2023; 15:1167410. [PMID: 37388185 PMCID: PMC10306118 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2023.1167410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives Meditation imparts relaxation and constitutes an important non-pharmacological intervention for people with cognitive impairment. Moreover, EEG has been widely used as a tool for detecting brain changes even at the early stages of Alzheimer's Disease (AD). The current study investigates the effect of meditation practices on the human brain across the AD spectrum by using a novel portable EEG headband in a smart-home environment. Methods Forty (40) people (13 Healthy Controls-HC, 14 with Subjective Cognitive Decline-SCD and 13 with Mild Cognitive Impairment-MCI) participated practicing Mindfulness Based Stress Reduction (Session 2-MBSR) and a novel adaptation of the Kirtan Kriya meditation to the Greek culture setting (Session 3-KK), while a Resting State (RS) condition was undertaken at baseline and follow-up (Session 1-RS Baseline and Session 4-RS Follow-Up). The signals were recorded by using the Muse EEG device and brain waves were computed (alpha, theta, gamma, and beta). Results Analysis was conducted on four-electrodes (AF7, AF8, TP9, and TP10). Statistical analysis included the Kruskal-Wallis (KW) nonparametric analysis of variance. The results revealed that both states of MBSR and KK lead to a marked difference in the brain's activation patterns across people at different cognitive states. Wilcoxon Signed-ranks test indicated for HC that theta waves at TP9, TP10 and AF7, AF8 in Session 3-KK were statistically significantly reduced compared to Session 1-RS Z = -2.271, p = 0.023, Z = -3.110, p = 0.002 and Z = -2.341, p = 0.019, Z = -2.132, p = 0.033, respectively. Conclusion The results showed the potential of the parameters used between the various groups (HC, SCD, and MCI) as well as between the two meditation sessions (MBSR and KK) in discriminating early cognitive decline and brain alterations in a smart-home environment without medical support.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioulietta Lazarou
- Centre for Research and Technology Hellas (CERTH), Information Technologies Institute (ITI), Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Vangelis P. Oikonomou
- Centre for Research and Technology Hellas (CERTH), Information Technologies Institute (ITI), Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Lampros Mpaltadoros
- Centre for Research and Technology Hellas (CERTH), Information Technologies Institute (ITI), Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Margarita Grammatikopoulou
- Centre for Research and Technology Hellas (CERTH), Information Technologies Institute (ITI), Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Vasilis Alepopoulos
- Centre for Research and Technology Hellas (CERTH), Information Technologies Institute (ITI), Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Thanos G. Stavropoulos
- Centre for Research and Technology Hellas (CERTH), Information Technologies Institute (ITI), Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Anastasios Bezerianos
- Centre for Research and Technology Hellas (CERTH), Information Technologies Institute (ITI), Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Spiros Nikolopoulos
- Centre for Research and Technology Hellas (CERTH), Information Technologies Institute (ITI), Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Ioannis Kompatsiaris
- Centre for Research and Technology Hellas (CERTH), Information Technologies Institute (ITI), Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Magda Tsolaki
- Centre for Research and Technology Hellas (CERTH), Information Technologies Institute (ITI), Thessaloniki, Greece
- 1st Department of Neurology, Faculty of Health Sciences, G.H. “AHEPA”, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki (AUTH), Thessaloniki, Greece
- Greek Association of Alzheimer’s Disease and Related Disorders (GAADRD), Thessaloniki, Greece
- Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Center for Interdisciplinary Research and Innovation (CIRI–AUTh), Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
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Navarro L, Gómez-Carballa A, Pischedda S, Montoto-Louzao J, Viz-Lasheras S, Camino-Mera A, Hinault T, Martinón-Torres F, Salas A. Sensogenomics of music and Alzheimer's disease: An interdisciplinary view from neuroscience, transcriptomics, and epigenomics. Front Aging Neurosci 2023; 15:1063536. [PMID: 36819725 PMCID: PMC9935844 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2023.1063536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction The relationship between music and Alzheimer's disease (AD) has been approached by different disciplines, but most of our outstanding comes from neuroscience. Methods First, we systematically reviewed the state-of-the-art of neuroscience and cognitive sciences research on music and AD (>100 studies), and the progress made on the therapeutic impact of music stimuli in memory. Next, we meta-analyzed transcriptomic and epigenomic data of AD patients to search for commonalities with genes and pathways previously connected to music in genome association, epigenetic, and gene expression studies. Results Our findings indicate that >93% of the neuroscience/ cognitive sciences studies indicate at least one beneficial effect of music on patients with neurodegenerative diseases, being improvements on memory and cognition the most frequent outcomes; other common benefits were on social behavior, mood and emotion, anxiety and agitation, quality of life, and depression. Out of the 334 music-related genes, 127 (38%) were found to be linked to epigenome/transcriptome analysis in AD (vs. healthy controls); some of them (SNCA, SLC6A4, ASCC2, FTH1, PLAUR and ARHGAP26) have been reported to be associated e.g. with musical aptitude and music effect on the transcriptome. Other music-related genes (GMPR, SELENBP1 and ADIPOR1) associated to neuropsychiatric, neurodegenerative diseases and music performance, emerged as hub genes in consensus co-expression modules detected between AD and music estimulated transcriptomes. In addition, we found connections between music, AD and dopamine related genes, with SCNA being the most remarkable - a gene previously associated with learning and memory, and neurodegenerative disorders (e.g., Parkinson's disease and AD). Discussion The present study indicate that the vast majority of neuroscientific studies unambiguously show that music has a beneficial effect on health, being the most common benefits relevant to Alzheimer's disease. These findings illuminate a new roadmap for genetic research in neurosciences, and musical interventions in AD and other neurodegenerative conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Navarro
- Genetics, Vaccines and Infections Research Group (GENVIP), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Galicia, Spain,Unidade de Xenética, Instituto de Ciencias Forenses, Facultade de Medicina, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, and GenPoB Research Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria (IDIS), Hospital Clínico Universitario de Santiago (SERGAS), Santiago de Compostela, Galicia, Spain,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBER-ES), Madrid, Spain
| | - Alberto Gómez-Carballa
- Genetics, Vaccines and Infections Research Group (GENVIP), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Galicia, Spain,Unidade de Xenética, Instituto de Ciencias Forenses, Facultade de Medicina, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, and GenPoB Research Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria (IDIS), Hospital Clínico Universitario de Santiago (SERGAS), Santiago de Compostela, Galicia, Spain,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBER-ES), Madrid, Spain
| | - Sara Pischedda
- Genetics, Vaccines and Infections Research Group (GENVIP), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Galicia, Spain,Unidade de Xenética, Instituto de Ciencias Forenses, Facultade de Medicina, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, and GenPoB Research Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria (IDIS), Hospital Clínico Universitario de Santiago (SERGAS), Santiago de Compostela, Galicia, Spain,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBER-ES), Madrid, Spain
| | - Julián Montoto-Louzao
- Genetics, Vaccines and Infections Research Group (GENVIP), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Galicia, Spain,Unidade de Xenética, Instituto de Ciencias Forenses, Facultade de Medicina, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, and GenPoB Research Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria (IDIS), Hospital Clínico Universitario de Santiago (SERGAS), Santiago de Compostela, Galicia, Spain,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBER-ES), Madrid, Spain
| | - Sandra Viz-Lasheras
- Genetics, Vaccines and Infections Research Group (GENVIP), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Galicia, Spain,Unidade de Xenética, Instituto de Ciencias Forenses, Facultade de Medicina, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, and GenPoB Research Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria (IDIS), Hospital Clínico Universitario de Santiago (SERGAS), Santiago de Compostela, Galicia, Spain,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBER-ES), Madrid, Spain
| | - Alba Camino-Mera
- Genetics, Vaccines and Infections Research Group (GENVIP), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Galicia, Spain,Unidade de Xenética, Instituto de Ciencias Forenses, Facultade de Medicina, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, and GenPoB Research Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria (IDIS), Hospital Clínico Universitario de Santiago (SERGAS), Santiago de Compostela, Galicia, Spain,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBER-ES), Madrid, Spain
| | - Thomas Hinault
- Normandie Université, UNICAEN, PSL Université Paris, EPHE, Inserm, U1077, CHU de Caen, Centre Cyceron, Neuropsychologie et Imagerie de la Mémoire Humaine, Caen, France
| | - Federico Martinón-Torres
- Genetics, Vaccines and Infections Research Group (GENVIP), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Galicia, Spain,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBER-ES), Madrid, Spain,Translational Pediatrics and Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Galicia, Spain
| | - Antonio Salas
- Genetics, Vaccines and Infections Research Group (GENVIP), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Galicia, Spain,Unidade de Xenética, Instituto de Ciencias Forenses, Facultade de Medicina, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, and GenPoB Research Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria (IDIS), Hospital Clínico Universitario de Santiago (SERGAS), Santiago de Compostela, Galicia, Spain,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBER-ES), Madrid, Spain,*Correspondence: Antonio Salas, ✉
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Ben-Ami L, Ravona-Springer R, Tsarfaty G, Raizman R, Shumacher A, Sharvit-Ginon I, Greenbaum L, Bendlin BB, Okun E, Heymann A, Schnaider Beeri M, Livny A. Neural correlates of subjective cognitive decline in adults at high risk for Alzheimer's disease. Front Aging Neurosci 2023; 15:1067196. [PMID: 36819726 PMCID: PMC9930909 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2023.1067196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Recently, interest has emerged in subjective cognitive decline (SCD) as a potential precursor to Alzheimer's disease (AD) dementia. Whether individuals with SCD harbor brain alterations in midlife, when AD-related pathology begins, is yet to be elucidated. Furthermore, the role of apolipoprotein ε4 (APOE ε4) allele, a robust AD risk factor, in the relationship between SCD and brain alterations is unknown. We examined whether APOE genotype modulates the association of SCD with brain measures in individuals at high AD risk. Methods Middle-aged adults with parental history of AD dementia underwent magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and the Memory Functioning Questionnaire. Regression analysis tested the extent to which SCD was associated with activation during an functional MRI (fMRI) working-memory task, and white-matter microstructure. APOE ε4 genotype was tested as a moderator. Results Among APOE ε4 carriers, but not among non-carriers, SCD was associated with higher activation in the anterior cingulate (p = 0.003), inferior, middle, and superior frontal cortices (p = 0.041, p = 0.048, p = 0.037, respectively); and with lower fractional anisotropy in the uncinate fasciculus (p = 0.002), adjusting for age, sex, and education. Conclusion In middle aged, cognitively normal individuals at high AD risk, higher SCD was associated with greater brain alterations possibly reflecting incipient AD pathology. When accompanied by a family history of AD and an APOE ε4 allele, SCD may have important clinical value, allowing a window for early intervention and for participants' stratification in AD prevention clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liat Ben-Ami
- Division of Diagnostic Imaging, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel,The Leslie and Susan Gonda Multidisciplinary Brain Research Center, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Ramit Ravona-Springer
- The Joseph Sagol Neuroscience Center, Sheba Medical Center, Tel HaShomer, Israel,Memory Clinic, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel,Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Galia Tsarfaty
- Division of Diagnostic Imaging, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel,Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Reut Raizman
- Division of Diagnostic Imaging, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Aleeza Shumacher
- Division of Diagnostic Imaging, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Inbal Sharvit-Ginon
- The Joseph Sagol Neuroscience Center, Sheba Medical Center, Tel HaShomer, Israel,Department of Psychology, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Lior Greenbaum
- The Joseph Sagol Neuroscience Center, Sheba Medical Center, Tel HaShomer, Israel,Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel,The Danek Gertner Institute of Human Genetics, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Barbara B. Bendlin
- Wisconsin Alzheimer’s Disease Research Center, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Eitan Okun
- The Leslie and Susan Gonda Multidisciplinary Brain Research Center, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel,The Mina and Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel,The Paul Feder Laboratory on Alzheimer’s Disease Research, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Anthony Heymann
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel,Maccabi Healthcare Services, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Michal Schnaider Beeri
- The Joseph Sagol Neuroscience Center, Sheba Medical Center, Tel HaShomer, Israel,Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Abigail Livny
- Division of Diagnostic Imaging, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel,The Joseph Sagol Neuroscience Center, Sheba Medical Center, Tel HaShomer, Israel,Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel,The Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel,*Correspondence: Abigail Livny,
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15
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Novikova MS, Zaharov VV. [Predictors of the efficacy of non-drug treatments for non-dementia vascular cognitive impairment]. Zh Nevrol Psikhiatr Im S S Korsakova 2023; 123:83-88. [PMID: 37315246 DOI: 10.17116/jnevro202312305183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To study the predictors of the efficacy of non-drug multimodal therapy in the treatment of mild vascular cognitive impairment. MATERIAL AND METHODS Thirty patients with mild vascular cognitive impairment, under the supervision of their physician, received a 1-month non-drug treatment program including cognitive training, detailed recommendations for physical activity, and dietary planning. RESULTS After the end of the course of treatment, improvements in the MoCa test were achieved by 22 patients (73%), which made up Group 1. In the remaining 8 patients, the treatment had no effect (Group 2). In Group 1, the dynamics of the MoCa test averaged 1.7±0.9, in the Group 2 it was (-0.4)±0.5. Patients of Group 1 had a significantly lower level of education (10.9±2.3) compared with Group 2 (14.9±2.0), a higher initial MoCa score, and a less pronounced white matter lesion on the Fazekas scale. After the regression analysis, the level of education (B -0.999, p<0.05) and white matter damage (B -2.761, p<0.01) were significant predictors. CONCLUSION When using non-drug multimodal therapy in the treatment of mild vascular cognitive impairment, lower levels of education and a lower degree of white matter vascular damage are reliable predictors of treatment efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- M S Novikova
- Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia
| | - V V Zaharov
- Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia
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16
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Lucia M, Romanella SM, Di Lorenzo G, Demchenko I, Bhat V, Rossi S, Santarnecchi E. Neural correlates of N-back task performance and proposal for corresponding neuromodulation targets in psychiatric and neurodevelopmental disorders. Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 2022; 76:512-524. [PMID: 35773784 PMCID: PMC10603255 DOI: 10.1111/pcn.13442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2021] [Revised: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
AIM Working memory (WM) deficit represents the most common cognitive impairment in psychiatric and neurodevelopmental disorders, making the identification of its neural substrates a crucial step towards the conceptualization of restorative interventions. We present a meta-analysis focusing on neural activations associated with the most commonly used task to measure WM, the N-back task, in patients with schizophrenia, depressive disorder, bipolar disorder, and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Showing qualitative similarities and differences in WM processing between patients and healthy controls, we propose possible targets for cognitive enhancement approaches. METHODS Selected studies, following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines, were analyzed through the activation likelihood estimate statistical framework, with subsequent generation of disorder-specific N-back activation maps. RESULTS Despite similar WM deficits shared across all disorders, results highlighted different brain activation patterns for each disorder compared with healthy controls. In general, results showed brain activity in frontal, parietal, subcortical, and cerebellar regions; however, reduced engagement of specific nodes of the fronto-parietal network emerged in patients compared with healthy controls. In particular, neither bipolar nor depressive disorders showed detectable activations in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortices, while their parietal activation patterns were lateralized to the left and right hemispheres, respectively. On the other hand, patients with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder showed a lack of activation in the left parietal lobe, whereas patients with schizophrenia showed lower activity over the left prefrontal cortex. CONCLUSION These results, together with biophysical modeling, were then used to discuss the design of future disorder-specific cognitive enhancement interventions based on noninvasive brain stimulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mencarelli Lucia
- Siena Brain Investigation & Neuromodulation Lab (Si-BIN Lab), Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience, Neurology and Clinical Neurophysiology Section, University of Siena, Italy
- Precision Neuromodulation Program & Network Control Laboratory, Gordon Center for Medical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Rome, Italy
| | - Sara M Romanella
- Siena Brain Investigation & Neuromodulation Lab (Si-BIN Lab), Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience, Neurology and Clinical Neurophysiology Section, University of Siena, Italy
- Precision Neuromodulation Program & Network Control Laboratory, Gordon Center for Medical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Giorgio Di Lorenzo
- IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Rome, Italy
- Laboratory of Psychophysiology and Cognitive Neuroscience, Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Ilya Demchenko
- Interventional Psychiatry Program, Centre for Depression & Suicide Studies, St. Michael’s Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Venkat Bhat
- Interventional Psychiatry Program, Centre for Depression & Suicide Studies, St. Michael’s Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Simone Rossi
- Siena Brain Investigation & Neuromodulation Lab (Si-BIN Lab), Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience, Neurology and Clinical Neurophysiology Section, University of Siena, Italy
- Human Physiology Section, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Emiliano Santarnecchi
- Siena Brain Investigation & Neuromodulation Lab (Si-BIN Lab), Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience, Neurology and Clinical Neurophysiology Section, University of Siena, Italy
- Precision Neuromodulation Program & Network Control Laboratory, Gordon Center for Medical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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Cai ZZ, Lin R, Wang XX, Yan YJ, Li H. Effects of mindfulness in patients with mild cognitive impairment with insomnia: A double-blind randomized controlled trial. Geriatr Nurs 2022; 47:239-246. [PMID: 36027785 DOI: 10.1016/j.gerinurse.2022.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2022] [Revised: 07/30/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Current research on the effects of mindfulness therapy on MCI and insomnia has been inconsistent. It is still a hot topic of research and discussion. This study aimed to improve the sleep quality, cognition, and mental state of patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) with insomnia. METHODS A double-blind randomized controlled trial was conducted. Seventy-five patients who met the eligibility criteria were randomly assigned to the mindfulness (n = 38) or health education (n = 37) treatment group. The primary outcomes were sleep, measured by the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Inventory, and cognition, measured by The Montreal Cognitive Assessment and Mini-Mental State Examination. Secondary outcomes included insomnia, measured by the Insomnia Severity Index, depression, anxiety, and perceived stress. EEG signals were collected at rest with eyes closed in the mindfulness state. The power spectrum was analyzed from these data. RESULTS Cognitive function and sleep quality were significantly improved in the mindfulness group (95% confidence interval 0.04 - 0.05, 0.03 - 0.04, -5.58 - -1.55, respectively). Anxiety and perceived stress scores were significantly lower than those in the control group (95% confidence interval 0.002 - 0.004, 0.009 - 0.013, respectively). The power spectrum differences in δ, θ, β, and γ bands were significant between the rest and mindfulness states (P < .05). Good safety was achieved in both groups with no deaths or serious adverse events. CONCLUSION Mindfulness improved sleep quality, cognitive function, and mentality of patients. Mindfulness practice caused deep relaxation in the brain and changes in electrical frequency bands associated with attention and cognitive tasks. Mindfulness learning can be performed successfully for individuals with MCI. Additionally, it is suitable for adoption in nursing homes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen-Zhen Cai
- The School of Nursing, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Rong Lin
- Post-Doctoral Research Center, Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Xia Wang
- The School of Nursing, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yuan-Jiao Yan
- The School of Nursing, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Hong Li
- School of Nursing, Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China; Department of Nursing, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou, China.
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The Effect of Music-Based Intervention on General Cognitive and Executive Functions, and Episodic Memory in People with Mild Cognitive Impairment and Dementia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Recent Randomized Controlled Trials. Healthcare (Basel) 2022; 10:healthcare10081462. [PMID: 36011119 PMCID: PMC9408548 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare10081462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Revised: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Music-based intervention has been used as first-line non-pharmacological treatment to improve cognitive function for people with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) or dementia in clinical practice. However, evidence regarding the effect of music-based intervention on general cognitive function as well as subdomains of cognitive functions in these individuals is scarce. Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of music-based interventions on a wide range of cognitive functions in people with MCI or dementia. Method: We searched the effect of various music therapies using randomized controlled trials on cognitive function using several databases. Studies based on any type of dementia or MCI were combined. The effects of music-based intervention on each cognitive function were pooled by meta-analysis. Results: A total of 19 studies involving n = 1024 participants (mean age ranged from 60 to 87 years old) were included. We found statistically significant improvements in MMSE (general cognitive function), the Frontal Assessment Battery (executive function), and the Auditory Verbal Learning Test (episodic memory). Conclusions: This study provides positive evidence to support music-based interventions for improving a wide range of cognitive functions in older adults with MCI and dementia. Therefore, we recommend increased use of music in people’s homes, day care centers and nursing homes. This study was registered with PROSPERO, number 250383.
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19
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Flo BK, Matziorinis AM, Skouras S, Sudmann TT, Gold C, Koelsch S. Study protocol for the Alzheimer and music therapy study: An RCT to compare the efficacy of music therapy and physical activity on brain plasticity, depressive symptoms, and cognitive decline, in a population with and at risk for Alzheimer's disease. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0270682. [PMID: 35771851 PMCID: PMC9246122 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0270682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is anecdotal evidence for beneficial effects of music therapy in patients with Alzheimer's Disease (AD). However, there is a lack of rigorous research investigating this issue. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effects of music therapy and physical activity on brain plasticity, mood, and cognition in a population with AD and at risk for AD. METHODS One-hundred and thirty-five participants with memory complaints will be recruited for a parallel, three-arm Randomized Controlled Trial (RCT). Inclusion criteria are a diagnosis of mild (early) AD or mild cognitive impairment (MCI), or memory complaints without other neuropsychiatric pathology. Participants are randomised into either a music therapy intervention (singing lessons), an active control group (physical activity) or a passive control group (no intervention) for 12 months. The primary outcomes are the brain age gap, measured via magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and depressive symptoms. Secondary outcomes include cognitive performance, activities of daily living, brain structure (voxel-based morphometry and diffusion tensor imaging), and brain function (resting-state functional MRI). TRIAL STATUS Screening of participants began in April 2018. A total of 84 participants have been recruited and started intervention, out of which 48 participants have completed 12 months of intervention and post-intervention assessment. DISCUSSION Addressing the need for rigorous longitudinal data for the effectiveness of music therapy in people with and at risk for developing AD, this trial aims to enhance knowledge regarding cost-effective interventions with potentially high clinical applicability. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT03444181, registered on February 23, 2018.
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Affiliation(s)
- Birthe K. Flo
- Department of Biological and Medical Psychology, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | | | - Stavros Skouras
- Department of Biological and Medical Psychology, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | | | - Christian Gold
- NORCE Norwegian Research Centre AS, Bergen, Norway
- Grieg Academy Department of Music, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Stefan Koelsch
- Department of Biological and Medical Psychology, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
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Jin Z, Dong L, Tian L, Zhou M, Zheng Y. Regulation of LTP at rat hippocampal Schaffer-CA1 in vitro by musical rhythmic magnetic fields generated by red-pink (soothing) music tracks. Int J Radiat Biol 2022; 99:439-445. [PMID: 35759248 DOI: 10.1080/09553002.2022.2094022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Music therapy, like red-pink (soothing) music, is an important treatment for neurological disorders associated with learning and memory. Magnetic fields have been proved to have a similar regulating effect. However, the effect of magnetic fields with musical rhythm generated by the combination of the two has not been confirmed. This study aimed to investigate the regulation of magnetic stimulation with music rhythm on LTP (long-term potentiation) of Schaffer-CA1. MATERIALS AND METHODS This article selected three sorts of music tracks in different frequencies (music track (1) Turkish March, music track (2) Moonlight Sonata, music track (3) Funeral March) and four sorts of pure sinusoidal tracks of four different harmonic frequency (music track (4) the frequency is 3500 Hz; music track (5) the frequency is 2500 Hz; music track (6) the frequency is 1500 Hz; music track (7) the frequency is 500 Hz). These music tracks are converted into analog signals by the external sound card and power amplifier and fed into a homemade coil that meets the demand for this frequency bandwidth. The coil can generate seven sorts of time-varying magnetic fields with musical rhythm with a mean intensity of about 2 mT. We used multi-electrode array (MEA) to record the LTP signals of Schaffer-CA1 synaptic induced by seven sorts of musical rhythmic magnetic fields and analyze the regulation of them. RESULTS The musical rhythmic magnetic fields generated by track 1 and track 2 have a remarkable enhancing effect on the amplitude of fEPSPs (field excitatory postsynaptic potentials) (p < .05), and these effects intensify with the increase of frequency. Nevertheless, there is no significant enhancing effect on LTP of the rhythmic magnetic field generated by track 3 (p > .05). The sinusoidal magnetic fields generated by track 4 and track 5 have an enhancing effect on the amplitude of fEPSPs (p < .05), and the enhancement is better than track 1 and track 2. The sinusoidal magnetic fields generated by track 6 and track 7 have an inhibiting effect (p < .05). CONCLUSION We found that the enhancing effect of musical rhythmic magnetic fields generated by track 1 was the most significant. The frequency of 1500 Hz could be a turning-point frequency in the regulation of magnetic field on LTP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zijia Jin
- School of Life Sciences, Tiangong University, Tianjin, China
| | - Lei Dong
- School of Life Sciences, Tiangong University, Tianjin, China
| | - Lei Tian
- School of Life Sciences, Tiangong University, Tianjin, China
| | - Mei Zhou
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Multidimensional Information Processing, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu Zheng
- School of Life Sciences, Tiangong University, Tianjin, China
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Brain Melody Interaction: Understanding Effects of Music on Cerebral Hemodynamic Responses. MULTIMODAL TECHNOLOGIES AND INTERACTION 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/mti6050035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Music elicits strong emotional reactions in people, regardless of their gender, age or cultural background. Understanding the effects of music on brain activity can enhance existing music therapy techniques and lead to improvements in various medical and affective computing research. We explore the effects of three different music genres on people’s cerebral hemodynamic responses. Functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) signals were collected from 27 participants while they listened to 12 different pieces of music. The signals were pre-processed to reflect oxyhemoglobin (HbO2) and deoxyhemoglobin (HbR) concentrations in the brain. K-nearest neighbor (KNN), random forest (RF) and a one-dimensional (1D) convolutional neural network (CNN) were used to classify the signals using music genre and subjective responses provided by the participants as labels. Results from this study show that the highest accuracy in distinguishing three music genres was achieved by deep learning models (73.4% accuracy in music genre classification and 80.5% accuracy when predicting participants’ subjective rating of emotional content of music). This study validates a strong motivation for using fNIRS signals to detect people’s emotional state while listening to music. It could also be beneficial in giving personalised music recommendations based on people’s brain activity to improve their emotional well-being.
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22
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Moving From Mechanisms to Interventions in Research on Cognitive Impairment in Cardiovascular Disease. J Cardiovasc Nurs 2021; 37:5-7. [PMID: 34870946 DOI: 10.1097/jcn.0000000000000877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Henneghan AM, Becker H, Phillips C, Kesler S. Sustained effects of mantra meditation compared to music listening on neurocognitive outcomes of breast cancer survivors: A brief report of a randomized control trial. J Psychosom Res 2021; 150:110628. [PMID: 34600308 PMCID: PMC8783371 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychores.2021.110628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Revised: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Cancer-related cognitive impairment is common following the end of adjuvant treatment and there are limited treatment options for it. We compared the sustained cognitive (primary) and psychological (secondary) effects of mantra meditation to classical music listening 8 weeks after interventions ended (Time 3) compared to baseline (Time 1). METHODS A two-group parallel random assignment experimental design was used in a community setting. Thirty one breast cancer survivors (ages 21 to 75, received chemotherapy, and reported cognitive complaints) were randomly assigned to practice mantra meditation (n = 16) or listen to classical music (n = 15) 12 min a day for 8 weeks. No blinding was used. Repeated measures analysis of variance models were used to compare Time 1 and Time 3 data for the 26 survivors (13 per group) who completed the interventions and Time 3 data collection. RESULTS Verbal fluency (p < .001, ηp2 = 0.58), attention (p = .002, ηp2 = 0.33), immediate memory recall (p < .001, ηp2 = 0.38), perceived cognitive impairment (p < .001, ηp2 = 0.39), and quality of life (p = .001, ηp2 = 0.35) improved significantly across time for both groups. The two conditions did not differ significantly in changes across time. There were no adverse effects. CONCLUSION Daily mantra meditation or classical music listening may be beneficial for cognitive outcomes and quality of life of breast cancer survivors with cancer-related cognitive impairment. The cognitive benefits appear to be sustained beyond the initial intervention period. Clinical Trials Registration number: NCT03696056, recruitment status completed. The study details can be accessed at: https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03696056 KEY MESSAGE: There are limited treatment options for managing cancer-related cognitive impairments. Daily mantra meditation or classical music listening for 12 min a day may improve cognitive outcomes and quality of life for cancer survivors, with no negative side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashley M Henneghan
- The University of Texas at Austin, School of Nursing, 1710 Red River, St. Austin, TX 78712, United States of America; The University of Texas at Austin, Dell Medical School, Department of Oncology, 1601 Trinity, St. Austin, TX 78712, United States of America.
| | - Heather Becker
- The University of Texas at Austin, School of Nursing, 1710 Red River, St. Austin, TX 78712, United States of America
| | - Carolyn Phillips
- The University of Texas at Austin, School of Nursing, 1710 Red River, St. Austin, TX 78712, United States of America
| | - Shelli Kesler
- The University of Texas at Austin, School of Nursing, 1710 Red River, St. Austin, TX 78712, United States of America; The University of Texas at Austin, Dell Medical School, Department of Oncology, 1601 Trinity, St. Austin, TX 78712, United States of America; The University of Texas at Austin, Dell Medical School, Department of Diagnostic Medicine, 1601 Trinity, St. Austin, TX, 78712, United States of America
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Muralidharan S, Ichhpujani P, Bhartiya S, Singh RB. Eye-tunes: role of music in ophthalmology and vision sciences. Ther Adv Ophthalmol 2021; 13:25158414211040890. [PMID: 34497975 PMCID: PMC8419534 DOI: 10.1177/25158414211040890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Although the healing effect of music has been recognized since time immemorial, there has been a renewed interest in its use in modern medicine. This can be attributed to the increasing focus on holistic healing and on the subjective and objective aspects of well-being. In ophthalmology, this has ranged from using music for patients undergoing diagnostic procedures and surgery, as well as for doctors and the operation theatre staff during surgical procedures. Music has proven to be a potent nonpharmacological sedative and anxiolytic, allaying both the pain and stress of surgery. This review aims to explore the available evidence about the role of music as an adjunct for diagnostic and surgical procedures in current ophthalmic practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shruti Muralidharan
- Glaucoma Service, Department of Ophthalmology, Government Medical College & Hospital, Chandigarh, India
| | - Parul Ichhpujani
- Professor, Glaucoma Service, Department of Ophthalmology, Government Medical College & Hospital, Sector 32-A, Chandigarh 160030, India
| | - Shibal Bhartiya
- Glaucoma Facility, Department of Ophthalmology, Fortis Memorial Research Institute, Gurgaon, India
| | - Rohan Bir Singh
- Department of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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Romero Reyes YY, Andrade Valbuena LP. Is It Possible to Prevent the Progression of Mild Cognitive Impairment Through Non-Pharmacological Treatments? REVISTA COLOMBIANA DE PSIQUIATRIA (ENGLISH ED.) 2021; 52:S0034-7450(21)00128-1. [PMID: 34446255 DOI: 10.1016/j.rcp.2021.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Revised: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Mild cognitive impairment produces slight cognitive and motor disturbances without affecting daily life during aging, however, if this symptomatology is not controlled, the speed of deterioration can increase, and even some cases of dementia can appear in the elderly population. OBJECTIVE To describe non-pharmacological therapies that seek to prevent, control and reduce the symptoms of mild cognitive impairment. METHODS An initial search was carried out in the databases of PubMed, Lilacs, EBSCO, ScienceDirect, Taylor & Francis and ProQuest. The results found were filtered through the PRISMA system and biases evaluated using the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions. RESULTS Four categories of non-pharmacological therapies were created, using 50 articles found in the search, which contribute to controlling and improving cognitive and motor areas, in order to reduce the symptoms presented by mild cognitive impairment. The treatments have different methods, instruments and objectives, so that no meta-analysis of the studies could be performed. In addition, limitations related to the sample, the effectiveness of the results and the methodological quality were found. CONCLUSIONS It was found that non-pharmacological therapies prevent, improve and control the symptoms caused by mild cognitive impairment, however, it is necessary to carry out more studies with better methodologies to corroborate these results.
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Rouse HJ, Jin Y, Hueluer G, Huo M, Bugos JA, Veal B, Torres M, Peterson L, Dobbs D, Meng H. Music Engagement and Episodic Memory among Middle-Aged and Older Adults: A National Cross-Sectional Analysis. J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci 2021; 77:558-566. [PMID: 33721884 DOI: 10.1093/geronb/gbab044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To determine whether music engagement influences middle-aged and older adults' performance on episodic memory tasks. METHODS Secondary data analysis of a sample (N = 4,592) of cognitively healthy adults from the 2016 Health and Retirement Study were used for this study. Multivariable regression models were used to analyze the cross-sectional differences in performance on tasks of episodic memory between participants who listened to music (n= 3,659) or sang or played an instrument (n= 989). RESULTS On average, participants recalled 10.3 words out of a possible 20. Regression analyses showed that both music listening and singing or playing an instrument were independently associated with significantly better episodic memory. DISCUSSION The findings provide the first population-based evidence that music engagement is associated with better episodic memory among middle-aged and older adults. Future studies should examine whether the association is causal or has a dose response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hillary J Rouse
- School of Aging Studies, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Ying Jin
- College of Public Health, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Gizem Hueluer
- School of Aging Studies, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Meng Huo
- Department of Human Ecology, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | | | - Britney Veal
- School of Aging Studies, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Mia Torres
- School of Aging Studies, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Lindsay Peterson
- School of Aging Studies, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Debra Dobbs
- School of Aging Studies, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Hongdao Meng
- School of Aging Studies, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
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Innes KE, Montgomery C, Selfe TK, Wen S, Khalsa DS, Flick M. Incorporating a Usual Care Comparator into a Study of Meditation and Music Listening for Older Adults with Subjective Cognitive Decline: A Randomized Feasibility Trial. J Alzheimers Dis Rep 2021; 5:187-206. [PMID: 33981956 PMCID: PMC8075554 DOI: 10.3233/adr-200249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent studies suggest meditation and music listening (ML) may improve cognitive and psychosocial outcomes in adults with subjective cognitive decline (SCD). However, lack of a usual care group has limited conclusions. OBJECTIVE To assess the: 1) feasibility of incorporating an enhanced usual care (EUC) comparator in a trial of Kirtan Kriya meditation (KK) and ML for adults experiencing SCD; and 2) preliminary effects of active treatment (KK/ML) versus an EUC program. METHODS Forty participants with SCD were randomized 1:1:2 to a 12-week KK, ML, or EUC program. KK and ML participants were asked to practice 12 minutes/day; EUC participants were given a comprehensive educational packet regarding healthy aging and strategies for improving/maintaining brain health and asked to record any activities or strategies used. Feasibility was assessed using measures of retention, adherence, treatment expectancies, and participant satisfaction, as well as information from exit questionnaires and daily practice/activity logs. Cognitive functioning, stress, mood, sleep-quality, and health-related quality of life (QOL) were measured pre- and post-intervention using well-validated instruments. RESULTS Thirty-two participants (80%) completed the 3-month study, with retention highest in the EUC group (p < 0.05). Active treatment participants averaged 6.0±0.4 practice sessions/week, and EUC participants, 7.5±0.6 brain health activities/week. Treatment expectancies were similar across groups. EUC participants indicated high satisfaction with the program and study. Despite limited study power, the active treatment group showed significantly greater gains in subjective memory functioning (ps≤0.025) and nonsignificant improvements in cognitive performance (TMT-B), perceived stress, QOL, and mood (ps≤0.08) compared to the EUC group. CONCLUSION Findings of this pilot feasibility trial suggest incorporation of an EUC program is feasible, and that participation in a simple 12-week relaxation program may be helpful for adults with SCD versus engagement in an EUC program.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kim E. Innes
- Department of Epidemiology, West Virginia University School of Public Health, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Caitlin Montgomery
- Department of Epidemiology, West Virginia University School of Public Health, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Terry Kit Selfe
- Health Science Center Libraries, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Sijin Wen
- Department of Biostatistics, West Virginia University School of Public Health, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | | | - Madison Flick
- Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, West Virginia University HSC, Morgantown, WV, USA
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Khalsa DS, Newberg AB. Spiritual Fitness: A New Dimension in Alzheimer's Disease Prevention. J Alzheimers Dis 2021; 80:505-519. [PMID: 33554917 PMCID: PMC8075383 DOI: 10.3233/jad-201433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Religious and spiritual interventions may have an effect on Alzheimer's disease prevention. Kirtan Kriya meditation has been shown to mitigate the deleterious effects of chronic stress on cognition, reverse memory loss, and create psychological and spiritual wellbeing, which may reduce multiple drivers of Alzheimer's disease risk. OBJECTIVE To detail a new concept in medicine called Spiritual Fitness, a merging of stress reduction, basic wellbeing, and psycho/spiritual wellbeing to prevent Alzheimer's disease. METHODS The literature on the topics mentioned above is described, including an in-depth discussion on why and how each are critical to advancing the future of Alzheimer's disease prevention. The many negative effects of chronic stress, and the benefits of Kirtan Kriya, are reviewed. The four pillars of basic wellbeing, six practical aspects of psychological wellbeing, and the four new non-sectarian features of spiritual fitness are then disclosed. Moreover, instructions on practicing Kirtan Kriya are offered in the Supplementary Material. CONCLUSION Religious and spiritual practices, including Kirtan Kriya, are crucial components in the development of enhanced cognition and well-being, which may help prevent and, in some cases, reverse cognitive decline. The key point of this review is that making a commitment to live a brain longevity lifestyle including spiritual fitness is a critically important way for aging Alzheimer's disease free. We hope that this article will inspire scientists, clinicians, and patients to embrace this new concept of spiritual fitness and make it a part of every multidomain program for the prevention of cognitive disability.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Andrew B. Newberg
- Department of Integrative Medicine and Nutritional Sciences, Department of Radiology, Marcus Institute of Integrative Health, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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29
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Tan W, Xu Y, Liu P, Liu C, Li Y, Du Y, Chen C, Wang Y, Zhang Y. A method of VR-EEG scene cognitive rehabilitation training. Health Inf Sci Syst 2020; 9:4. [PMID: 33269073 DOI: 10.1007/s13755-020-00132-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Virtual reality technology can intuitively provide patients of neuropsychological diseases with an almost real environment for cognitive rehabilitation training . In this paper, virtual reality technology is used to construct specific scenes that are universal and related to MCI patients to restore and train patients' scene memory cognitive ability to help patients strengthen or gradually restore scene memory cognitive ability. The construction of virtual reality scenes with different contents such as life, environment, transportation and tourism, real-time detection is carried out in combination with EEG signals of patients in different scenes. The experimental results of the analysis of EEG signals of patients shows that memory rehabilitation training is strengthened by using specific stimulation scenes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjun Tan
- Key Laboratory of Intelligent Computing in Medical Image, Ministry of Education, Northeastern University, Shenyang, 110189 China.,Cyberspace Institute of Advanced Technology, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006 China
| | - Yang Xu
- Key Laboratory of Intelligent Computing in Medical Image, Ministry of Education, Northeastern University, Shenyang, 110189 China
| | - Pan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Intelligent Computing in Medical Image, Ministry of Education, Northeastern University, Shenyang, 110189 China
| | - Chunyan Liu
- Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053 China
| | - Yujin Li
- Key Laboratory of Intelligent Computing in Medical Image, Ministry of Education, Northeastern University, Shenyang, 110189 China
| | - Yanrui Du
- Key Laboratory of Intelligent Computing in Medical Image, Ministry of Education, Northeastern University, Shenyang, 110189 China
| | - Chao Chen
- Key Laboratory of Complex System Control Theory and Application, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin, 300384 China
| | - Yuping Wang
- Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053 China
| | - Yanchun Zhang
- Cyberspace Institute of Advanced Technology, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006 China.,Institute for Sustainable Industries and Liveable Cities, Victoria University, Melbourne, VIC 8001 Australia
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Henneghan AM, Becker H, Harrison ML, Inselmann K, Fico B, Schafer H, King E, Patt D, Kesler S. A randomized control trial of meditation compared to music listening to improve cognitive function for breast cancer survivors: Feasibility and acceptability. Complement Ther Clin Pract 2020; 41:101228. [PMID: 32949954 PMCID: PMC7704561 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctcp.2020.101228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Revised: 07/30/2020] [Accepted: 08/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND and Purpose: Many breast cancer survivors (BCS) experience persistent cognitive and psychological changes associated with their cancer and/or treatment and that have limited treatment options. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to explore the feasibility and effects of a Kirtan Kriya meditation (KK) intervention on cognitive and psychological symptoms compared to an attention control condition, classical music listening (ML), in BCS. MATERIALS AND METHODS A randomized control trial design was used. Participants completed eight-week interventions. Cognitive function and psychological symptoms were measured at baseline and post-intervention. Mixed analysis of variance models were examined for all cognitive and psychological outcomes. RESULTS 27 BCS completed the study. Intervention adherence was 88%. Both groups improved in perceived cognitive impairments, cognition related quality of life, verbal memory, and verbal fluency (p's < 0.01). There were no significant group by time effects for cognitive and psychological outcomes, except stress. The ML group reported lower stress at time 2 (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION KK and ML are feasible, acceptable, and cost-effective interventions that may be beneficial for survivors' cognition and psychological symptoms. Both interventions were easy to learn, low cost, and required just 12 min/day. Meditation or music listening could offer providers evidence-based suggestions to BCS experiencing cognitive symptoms. CLINICAL TRIALS REGISTRATION NUMBER NCT03696056.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashley M Henneghan
- The University of Texas at Austin, School of Nursing, 1710 Red River St, Austin, TX, 78712, USA; The University of Texas at Austin, Department of Oncology, 1601 Trinity St, Austin, TX, 78712, USA.
| | - Heather Becker
- The University of Texas at Austin, School of Nursing, 1710 Red River St, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
| | - Michelle L Harrison
- The University of Texas at Austin, Kinesiology and Health Education, 2109 San Jacinto Blvd, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
| | - Kelly Inselmann
- Cancer Rehab and Integrative Medicine, 4130 Spicewood Springs Rd. Ste. 100, Austin, TX, 78759, USA
| | - Brandon Fico
- The University of Texas at Austin, Kinesiology and Health Education, 2109 San Jacinto Blvd, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
| | - Helen Schafer
- The University of Texas at Austin, Dell Medical School, 1501 Red River Street St, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
| | - Elisabeth King
- Division of Clinical Cancer Genomics City of Hope, 1500 E. Duarte Road, Duarte, CA, 91010, USA
| | - Debra Patt
- Texas Oncology, The University of Texas at Austin, Department of Oncology, Dell Medical School, 1501 Red River Street St, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
| | - Shelli Kesler
- The University of Texas at Austin, School of Nursing, 1710 Red River St, Austin, TX, 78712, USA; The University of Texas at Austin, Department of Diagnostic Medicine, 1601 Trinity St, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
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Wells RE, Kerr C, Dossett ML, Danhauer SC, Sohl SJ, Sachs BC, Feeley JW, Wolkin J, Wall R, Kaptchuk T, Press DZ, Phillips RS, Yeh GY. Can Adults with Mild Cognitive Impairment Build Cognitive Reserve and Learn Mindfulness Meditation? Qualitative Theme Analyses from a Small Pilot Study. J Alzheimers Dis 2020; 70:825-842. [PMID: 31282418 DOI: 10.3233/jad-190191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVE High levels of chronic stress negatively impact the hippocampus and are associated with increased incidence of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and Alzheimer's disease. While mindfulness meditation may mitigate the effects of chronic stress, it is uncertain if adults with MCI have the capacity to learn mindfulness meditation. METHODS 14 adults with MCI were randomized 2:1 to Mindfulness Based Stress Reduction (MBSR) or a wait-list control group. We conducted qualitative interviews with those who completed MBSR. Transcribed interviews were: a) coded using an emergent themes inductive approach informed by grounded theory; b) rated 0-10, with higher scores reflecting greater perceived benefit from, and understanding of, mindfulness meditation. Ratings were correlated with daily home practice times and baseline level of cognitive function. RESULTS Seven themes emerged from the interviews: positive perceptions of class; development of mindfulness skills, including meta-cognition; importance of the group experience; enhanced well-being; shift in MCI perspective; decreased stress reactivity and increased relaxation; improvement in interpersonal skills. Ratings of perceived benefit and understanding ranged from 2-10 (mean = 7) and of 0-9.5 (mean = 6), respectively. Many participants experienced substantial benefit/understanding, some had moderate, and a few had minimal benefit/understanding. Understanding the key concepts of mindfulness was highly positively correlated with ≥20 minutes/day of home practice (r = 0.90) but not with baseline cognitive function (r = 0.13). CONCLUSIONS Most adults with MCI were able to learn mindfulness meditation and had improved MCI acceptance, self-efficacy, and social engagement. Cognitive reserve may be enhanced through a mindfulness meditation program even in patients with MCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Erwin Wells
- Department of Neurology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Catherine Kerr
- Department of Family Medicine and Mindfulness-Wellness Program, Brown University School of Medicine, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Michelle L Dossett
- Department of Medicine and Benson-Henry Institute for Mind Body Medicine, Division of General Internal Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital; and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Suzanne C Danhauer
- Department of Social Sciences and Health Policy, Division of Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston Salem, NC, USA
| | - Stephanie J Sohl
- Department of Social Sciences and Health Policy, Division of Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston Salem, NC, USA
| | - Bonnie C Sachs
- Department of Neurology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Jacquelyn Walsh Feeley
- Graduate School of Nursing, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | | | - Robert Wall
- Mclean Hospital Borden Cottage, Camden, ME, USA
| | - Ted Kaptchuk
- Department of Neurology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Daniel Z Press
- Department of Neurology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Russell S Phillips
- Department of Medicine, Division of General Medicine and Primary Care, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Gloria Y Yeh
- Department of Medicine, Division of General Medicine and Primary Care, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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Whitty E, Mansour H, Aguirre E, Palomo M, Charlesworth G, Ramjee S, Poppe M, Brodaty H, Kales HC, Morgan-Trimmer S, Nyman SR, Lang I, Walters K, Petersen I, Wenborn J, Minihane AM, Ritchie K, Huntley J, Walker Z, Cooper C. Efficacy of lifestyle and psychosocial interventions in reducing cognitive decline in older people: Systematic review. Ageing Res Rev 2020; 62:101113. [PMID: 32534025 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2020.101113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2020] [Revised: 05/20/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
It is unclear what non-pharmacological interventions to prevent cognitive decline should comprise. We systematically reviewed lifestyle and psychosocial interventions that aimed to reduce cognitive decline in healthy people aged 50+, and people of any age with Subjective Cognitive Decline or Mild Cognitive Impairment. We narratively synthesised evidence, prioritising results from studies rated as at lower Risk of Bias (ROB) and assigning Centre for Evidence Based Medicine grades. We included 64 papers, describing: psychosocial (n = 12), multi-domain (n = 10), exercise (n = 36), and dietary (n = 6) interventions. We found Grade A evidence that over 4+ months: aerobic exercise twice weekly had a moderate effect on global cognition in people with/ without MCI; and interventions that integrate cognitive and motor challenges (e.g. dance, dumb bell training) had small to moderate effects on memory or global cognition in people with MCI. We found Grade B evidence that 4+ months of creative art or story-telling groups in people with MCI; 6 months of resistance training in people with MCI and a two-year, dietary, exercise, cognitive training and social intervention in people with or without MCI had small, positive effects on global cognition. Effects for some intervention remained up to a year beyond facilitated sessions.
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The Utilization of Complementary and Alternative Medicine among Saudi Older Adults: A Population-Based Study. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2020; 2020:4357194. [PMID: 32831865 PMCID: PMC7428939 DOI: 10.1155/2020/4357194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2020] [Revised: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) is an integral part of patients' therapeutic experience worldwide. Among Saudi older adults, less is known about CAM utilization. OBJECTIVES To determine the prevalence, patterns, and factors associated with CAM utilization among SOA. METHODS In the Saudi National Survey for Elderly Health (SNSEH), subjects were asked about CAM use during the last twelve months before the interview. CAM use was defined as any use of herbal products, acupuncture, bloodletting, cauterization, medical massage, bones manual manipulation, honey, or religious rituals. Demographic characteristics included gender, age, marital status, region, educational level, and residence area. In addition, multiple comorbidities were included as possible factors that may be associated with CAM use. Multivariable logistic regression was used to explore factors associated with CAM utilization. All statistical analyses were done using STATA v.14. RESULTS Out of 2946 respondents, 50.4% were males, the mean age was 70.3 ± 8.3 years, and 70% were illiterate. CAM use was prevalent (62.5%). The most common CAM types were herbal products (25.4%), acupuncture (21.2%), bloodletting (12%), honey (9.5%), cauterization (7.4%), medical massage and bones manual manipulation (4%), and traditional bone setting (2.1%). In the multivariable regression, age, gender, and marital status did not have an impact on the odds of using CAM. Subjects from rural areas were 2.92 times more likely to use CAM compared with subjects in urban areas (OR = 2.92; 95%CI: 2.28-3.75). Subjects with metabolic disorders (OR = 0.50; 95% CI: 0.42-0.60) or kidney disease were less likely to use CAM (OR = 0.30; 95%CI: 0.14-0.64). About pain, CAM is used more in neck pain (OR = 1.69; 95%CI: 1.30-2.21) and also used in back pain (OR = 1.22; 95%CI: 1.03-1.46). CONCLUSIONS CAM use was very prevalent among SOA. Clinicians and pharmacists must ask about CAM use among older adults as many of CAM may interact with patients medications.
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Marciniak R, Šumec R, Vyhnálek M, Bendíčková K, Lázničková P, Forte G, Jeleník A, Římalová V, Frič J, Hort J, Sheardová K. The Effect of Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction (MBSR) on Depression, Cognition, and Immunity in Mild Cognitive Impairment: A Pilot Feasibility Study. Clin Interv Aging 2020; 15:1365-1381. [PMID: 32848377 PMCID: PMC7429186 DOI: 10.2147/cia.s249196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2020] [Accepted: 07/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mindfulness-based programs have shown a promising effect on several health factors associated with increased risk of dementia and the conversion from mild cognitive impairment (MCI) to dementia such as depression, stress, cognitive decline, immune system and brain structural and functional changes. Studies on mindfulness in MCI subjects are sparse and frequently lack control intervention groups. OBJECTIVE To determine the feasibility and the effect of mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) practice on depression, cognition and immunity in MCI compared to cognitive training. METHODS Twenty-eight MCI subjects were randomly assigned to two groups. MBSR group underwent 8-week MBSR program. Control group underwent 8-week cognitive training. Their cognitive and immunological profiles and level of depressive symptoms were examined at baseline, after each 8-week intervention (visit 2, V2) and six months after each intervention (visit 3, V3). MBSR participants completed feasibility questionnaire at V2. RESULTS Twenty MCI patients completed the study (MBSR group n=12, control group n=8). MBSR group showed significant reduction in depressive symptoms at both V2 (p=0.03) and V3 (p=0.0461) compared to the baseline. There was a minimal effect on cognition - a group comparison analysis showed better psychomotor speed in the MBSR group compared to the control group at V2 (p=0.0493) but not at V3. There was a detectable change in immunological profiles in both groups, more pronounced in the MBSR group. Participants checked only positive/neutral answers concerning the attractivity/length of MBSR intervention. More severe cognitive decline (PVLT≤36) was associated with the lower adherence to home practice. CONCLUSION MBSR is well-accepted potentially promising intervention with positive effect on cognition, depressive symptoms and immunological profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafał Marciniak
- International Clinical Research Center (ICRC), St. Anne’s University Hospital, Brno, Czech Republic
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Social Studies, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Rastislav Šumec
- International Clinical Research Center (ICRC), St. Anne’s University Hospital, Brno, Czech Republic
- First Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University and St. Anne’s University Hospital, Brno, Czech Republic
- Department of Psychology and Psychosomatics, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Vyhnálek
- International Clinical Research Center (ICRC), St. Anne’s University Hospital, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Kamila Bendíčková
- Center of Translational Medicine, International Clinical Research Center (ICRC), St. Anne’s University Hospital, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Petra Lázničková
- Center of Translational Medicine, International Clinical Research Center (ICRC), St. Anne’s University Hospital, Brno, Czech Republic
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Giancarlo Forte
- Center of Translational Medicine, International Clinical Research Center (ICRC), St. Anne’s University Hospital, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Andrej Jeleník
- International Clinical Research Center (ICRC), St. Anne’s University Hospital, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Veronika Římalová
- International Clinical Research Center (ICRC), St. Anne’s University Hospital, Brno, Czech Republic
- Department of Mathematical Analysis and Applications of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, Palacky University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Frič
- Center of Translational Medicine, International Clinical Research Center (ICRC), St. Anne’s University Hospital, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jakub Hort
- International Clinical Research Center (ICRC), St. Anne’s University Hospital, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Kateřina Sheardová
- International Clinical Research Center (ICRC), St. Anne’s University Hospital, Brno, Czech Republic
- First Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University and St. Anne’s University Hospital, Brno, Czech Republic
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Li M, Fang J, Gao Y, Wu Y, Shen L, Yusubujiang Y, Luo J. Baduanjin mind-body exercise improves logical memory in long-term hospitalized patients with schizophrenia: A randomized controlled trial. Asian J Psychiatr 2020; 51:102046. [PMID: 32315965 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajp.2020.102046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2019] [Revised: 03/20/2020] [Accepted: 03/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Neurocognitive impairment is one of the core symptoms in schizophrenia and poses a great challenge to effective treatment. Sixty-one long-term hospitalized patients with schizophrenia were recruited and randomly assigned to two groups: Baduanjin exercise and brisk walking. Patients in the Baduanjin group received 24 weeks of Baduanjin training (5 days/week, 40 min/day), while patients in the brisk walking group received 24 weeks of brisk walking (5 days/week, 40 min/day). Scores on the Wechsler Memory Scale, Digit Symbol Substitution Test (DSST), and the positive and negative syndrome scale were used to evaluate the logical memory (LM), processing speed, and clinical symptoms of all participants, while the score of Trail Making Test-A (TMT-A) was applied to assess the visual attention and graphomotor speed, at baseline and the 16th week and 24th week of intervention. The one-way repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to test the differences in neurocognitive changes between the two groups. Repeated measures ANOVA showed significant differences between the two groups in the LM immediate (F = 6.21, p = 0.003) and LM delayed (F=5.60, p = 0.005) scores, but not in the completion times of TMT-A (F=.22, p = 0.806) or DSST scores (F=0.97, p = 0.328). A significant effect of time was also detected in the LM immediate (F=10.24, p = 0.000) and LM delayed (F=4.93, p = 0.009) scores and in the completion time of the TMT-A (F=33.10, p = 0.000), but not in the DSST scores (F=2.12, p = 0.122). Baduanjin exercise could improve logical memory in the long-term hospitalized patients with schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingli Li
- Mental Health Center and Psychiatric Laboratory, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China; The Mental Rehabilitation Centers, Karamay Municipal People's Hospital, Karamay, Xinjiang 830054, China.
| | - Jing Fang
- The Mental Rehabilitation Centers, Karamay Municipal People's Hospital, Karamay, Xinjiang 830054, China
| | - Yang Gao
- The Mental Rehabilitation Centers, Karamay Municipal People's Hospital, Karamay, Xinjiang 830054, China
| | - Yali Wu
- The Mental Rehabilitation Centers, Karamay Municipal People's Hospital, Karamay, Xinjiang 830054, China
| | - Lili Shen
- The Mental Rehabilitation Centers, Karamay Municipal People's Hospital, Karamay, Xinjiang 830054, China
| | - Yiming Yusubujiang
- The Mental Rehabilitation Centers, Karamay Municipal People's Hospital, Karamay, Xinjiang 830054, China
| | - Jin Luo
- The Mental Rehabilitation Centers, Karamay Municipal People's Hospital, Karamay, Xinjiang 830054, China.
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Sullivan KW, Law WA, Loyola L, Knoll MA, Shub DE, French LM. A Novel Intervention Platform for Service Members With Subjective Cognitive Complaints: Implementation, Patient Participation, and Satisfaction. Mil Med 2020; 185:326-333. [DOI: 10.1093/milmed/usz218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT
Introduction
Program overview of a novel cognitive training platform at Walter Reed National Military Medical Center (WRNMMC) for service members with subjective cognitive complaints: analysis of patient participation, satisfaction with the program, and perceived areas of improvement.
Materials and Method
Retrospective review of 1,030 participants from November 2008 through May 2017. Data were obtained within an approved protocol (WRNMMC-EDO-2017-0004/# 876230).
Results
The program has shown growth in numbers of referrals, types of patient populations served, and patient visits. Patients report satisfaction with the program and endorse improvements in cognitive functions.
Conclusions
This program model may benefit other military facilities looking to provide and assess novel therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine W Sullivan
- Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, 8901 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD 20889
- National Intrepid Center of Excellence, 4860 South Palmer Road, Bethesda, MD 20889
- Defense and Veterans Brain Injury Center, 1335 East West Highway, Silver Spring, MD 20910
| | - Wendy A Law
- Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, 8901 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD 20889
- National Intrepid Center of Excellence, 4860 South Palmer Road, Bethesda, MD 20889
- Uniformed Services University of Health Sciences, 4301 Jones Bridge Road, Bethesda, MD 20814
| | - Laura Loyola
- Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, 8901 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD 20889
- National Intrepid Center of Excellence, 4860 South Palmer Road, Bethesda, MD 20889
- Defense and Veterans Brain Injury Center, 1335 East West Highway, Silver Spring, MD 20910
| | - Martin A Knoll
- Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, 8901 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD 20889
- National Intrepid Center of Excellence, 4860 South Palmer Road, Bethesda, MD 20889
| | - Daniel E Shub
- Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, 8901 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD 20889
| | - Louis M French
- Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, 8901 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD 20889
- National Intrepid Center of Excellence, 4860 South Palmer Road, Bethesda, MD 20889
- Defense and Veterans Brain Injury Center, 1335 East West Highway, Silver Spring, MD 20910
- Center for Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine, 4301 Jones Bridge Rd., Bethesda, MD 20814
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Abstract
Objective: Telomeres are the caps at the end of chromosomes. Short telomeres are a biomarker for worsening health and early death.Design: The present study consolidated research on meditation and telomere length through a meta-analysis of results of studies examining the effect of meditation on telomere length by comparing the telomere length of meditating participants with participants in control conditions.Results: A search of the literature identified 11 studies reporting 12 comparisons of meditating individuals with individuals in control conditions. An overall significant weighted effect size of g =.40 indicated that the individuals in meditation conditions had longer telomeres. When an outlier effect size was trimmed from the analysis, the effect size was smaller, g =.16. Across studies, a greater number of hours of meditation among participants in meditation conditions was associated with larger effect sizes.Conclusion: These findings provide tentative support for the hypothesis that participants in meditation conditions have longer telomeres than participants in comparison conditions, and that a greater number of hours of meditation is associated with a greater impact on telomere biology. The results of the meta-analysis have potential clinical significance in that they suggest that meditation-based interventions may prevent telomere attrition or increase telomere length.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - John M Malouff
- Psychology, University of New England, Armidale, Australia
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Wang Y, Qi Z, Yu M, Wang J, Chen R. Characteristic of Stimulus Frequency Otoacoustic Emissions: Detection Rate, Musical Training Influence, and Gain Function. Brain Sci 2019; 9:E255. [PMID: 31561573 PMCID: PMC6827094 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci9100255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2019] [Revised: 09/18/2019] [Accepted: 09/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Stimulus frequency otoacoustic emission (SFOAE) is an active acoustic signal emitted by the inner ear providing salient information about cochlear function and dysfunction. To provide a basis for laboratory investigation and clinical use, we investigated the characteristics of SFOAEs, including detection rate, musical training influence, and gain function. Sixty-five normal hearing subjects (15 musicians and 50 non-musicians, aged 16-45 years) were tested and analyzed at the probe level of 30 and 50 dB sound pressure levels (SPL) in the center frequency of 1 and 4 kHz in the study. The results indicate that (1) the detection rates of SFOAE are sensitive to the gender, (2) musicians reveal enhanced hearing capacity and SFOAE amplitudes compared with non-musicians, and (3) probe frequency has a significant effect on the compression threshold of SFOAE. Our findings highlight the importance of SFOAE in the clinical hearing screening and diagnosis and emphasize the use of musical training for the rehabilitation enhancement of the auditory periphery and hearing threshold.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Tianjin Polytechnic University, Tianjin 300387, China.
| | - Zhihang Qi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Tianjin Polytechnic University, Tianjin 300387, China.
| | - Mengmeng Yu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Tianjin Polytechnic University, Tianjin 300387, China.
| | - Jinhai Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Tianjin Polytechnic University, Tianjin 300387, China.
| | - Ruijuan Chen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Tianjin Polytechnic University, Tianjin 300387, China.
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Hsieh SW, Hsiao SF, Liaw LJ, Huang LC, Yang YH. Effects of multiple training modalities in the elderly with subjective memory complaints: A pilot study. Medicine (Baltimore) 2019; 98:e16506. [PMID: 31335722 PMCID: PMC6709103 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000016506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study investigated the effects of multiple training modalities (MTM) on senior fitness and neuropsychiatric function in the elderly with subjective memory complaints (SMC). METHODS This study was conducted in 24 elderly subjects with Clinical Dementia Rating (CDR) score of 0 and instrument of ascertainment of dementia 8 (AD8) score of <2. The participants were classified into SMC (n = 7) and non-SMC (n = 17).All were assigned to receive multiple training modalities (1 hour for each training: physical fitness activities, calligraphy or drawing, and meditation) twice a week over a 16-week period.A series of senior fitness test, and neuropsychiatric tests, namely the Traditional Chinese version Mini-Mental Status Examination (MMSE), Cognitive Assessment Screening Instrument (CASI), and the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CESD), were conducted before and after the intervention. We compared the differences of pre/posttest-MTM and SMC/non-SMC in senior fitness and the neuropsychological tests. RESULTS There was no significant difference between SMC and non-SMC groups in demographic characteristics. MTM showed significant improvement in senior fitness and CESD, but not in CASI and MMSE. Significant change in recent memory subscale of CASI was only observed in SMC group, whereas improvement of partial senior fitness and CESD were observed in both groups. CONCLUSION MTM had effects in enhancing senior fitness and improving depressive syndromes in the elderly. MTM contributed to greater improvement in recent memory function in the SMC group than in the non-SMC group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sun-Wung Hsieh
- Department of Neurology, Kaohsiung Municipal Hsiao-Kang Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University
- Department of Neurology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University
- Neuroscience Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University
| | - Shih-Fen Hsiao
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Health Science, Kaohsiung Medical University
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital
| | - Lih-Jiun Liaw
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Health Science, Kaohsiung Medical University
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital
| | - Ling-Chun Huang
- Department of Neurology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University
- Neuroscience Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University
- Department of Neurology, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital
| | - Yuan-Han Yang
- Department of Neurology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University
- Neuroscience Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University
- Department of Neurology, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital
- Department of and Master's Program in Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung
- Chinese Mentality Protection Association, Taiwan
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Innes KE, Sambamoorthi U. The Association of Perceived Memory Loss with Osteoarthritis and Related Joint Pain in a Large Appalachian Population. PAIN MEDICINE 2019; 19:1340-1356. [PMID: 28525629 DOI: 10.1093/pm/pnx107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Objective Previous studies have documented memory impairment in several chronic pain syndromes. However, the potential link between memory loss and osteoarthritis (OA), the second most common cause of chronic pain, remains little explored. In this cross-sectional study, we examine the association of perceived memory loss to OA and assess the potential mediating influence of sleep and mood disturbance in a large Appalachian population. Design Cross-sectional. Setting US Ohio Valley. Subjects A total of 21,982 Appalachian adults age 40 years or older drawn from the C8 Health Project (N = 19,004 adults without and 2,478 adults with OA). All participants completed a comprehensive health survey between 2005 and 2006. Medical history, including physician diagnosis of OA, lifestyle factors, short- and long-term memory loss, sleep quality, and mood were assessed via self-report. Results After adjustment for demographic, lifestyle, health-related, and other factors, participants with OA were almost three times as likely to report frequent memory loss (adjusted odds ratios [ORs] for short- and long-term memory loss, respectively = 2.7, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 2.2-3.3, and 2.6, 95% CI = 2.0-3.3). The magnitude of these associations increased significantly with rising frequency of reported joint pain (adjusted OR for OA with frequent joint pain vs no OA = 3.3, 95% CI = 2.6-4.1, Ptrend < 0.00001). Including measures of mood and sleep impairment attenuated but did not eliminate these associations (ORs for any memory loss = 2.0, 95% CI = 1.6-2.4, and 2.1, 95% CI = 1.7-2.8, adjusted for sleep and mood impairment, respectively; OR = 1.8, 95% CI = 1.4-2.2, adjusted for both factors). Conclusions In this large cross-sectional study, OA and related joint pain were strongly associated with perceived memory loss; these associations may be partially mediated by sleep and mood disturbance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kim E Innes
- Department of Epidemiology, West Virginia School of Public Health
| | - Usha Sambamoorthi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Systems and Policy, West Virginia School of Pharmacy
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Klimecki O, Marchant NL, Lutz A, Poisnel G, Chételat G, Collette F. The impact of meditation on healthy ageing - the current state of knowledge and a roadmap to future directions. Curr Opin Psychol 2019; 28:223-228. [PMID: 30798104 DOI: 10.1016/j.copsyc.2019.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2018] [Revised: 01/05/2019] [Accepted: 01/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
There is increasing evidence that meditation-based training promotes healthy ageing across many dimensions. This review summarizes the existing knowledge on the effects of meditation training on healthy ageing in the domains of emotions, cognition (with a special emphasis on attentional processes), and the preservation of related brain structures. Although evidence so far is promising, more rigorous randomized controlled studies with active control groups and long-term follow-up in older people are needed. We outline how these challenges can be addressed in future studies using the example of an ongoing project, Medit-Ageing (public name: Silver Santé Study), including two independent randomized controlled trials (RCT) as well as one cross-sectional study with meditation experts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga Klimecki
- Swiss Center for Affective Sciences, Department of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.
| | - Natalie L Marchant
- Division of Psychiatry, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Antoine Lutz
- Lyon Neuroscience Research Center, INSERM U1028, CNRS UMR5292, Lyon University, Lyon, France
| | - Géraldine Poisnel
- Université Normandie, Inserm, Université de Caen-Normandie, Inserm UMR-S U1237, GIP Cyceron, Caen, France
| | - Gaël Chételat
- Université Normandie, Inserm, Université de Caen-Normandie, Inserm UMR-S U1237, GIP Cyceron, Caen, France
| | - Fabienne Collette
- GIGA-CRC In Vivo Imaging and Psychology and Cognitive Neuroscience Research Unit, Liège University, Belgium
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Innes KE, Selfe TK, Kandati S, Wen S, Huysmans Z. Effects of Mantra Meditation versus Music Listening on Knee Pain, Function, and Related Outcomes in Older Adults with Knee Osteoarthritis: An Exploratory Randomized Clinical Trial (RCT). EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2018; 2018:7683897. [PMID: 30245732 PMCID: PMC6136530 DOI: 10.1155/2018/7683897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2018] [Revised: 07/31/2018] [Accepted: 08/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Disease-modifying treatments for OA remain elusive, and commonly used medications can have serious side effects. Although meditation and music listening (ML) have been shown to improve outcomes in certain chronic pain populations, research in OA is sparse. In this pilot RCT, we explore the effects of two mind-body practices, mantra meditation (MM) and ML, on knee pain, function, and related outcomes in adults with knee OA. METHODS Twenty-two older ambulatory adults diagnosed with knee OA were randomized to a MM (N=11) or ML program (N=11) and asked to practice 15-20 minutes, twice daily for 8 weeks. Core outcomes included knee pain (Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score [KOOS] and Numeric Rating Scale), knee function (KOOS), and perceived OA severity (Patient Global Assessment). Additional outcomes included perceived stress (Perceived Stress Scale), mood (Profile of Mood States), sleep (Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index), and health-related quality of life (QOL, SF-36). Participants were assessed at baseline and following completion of the program. RESULTS Twenty participants (91%) completed the study (9 MM, 11 ML). Compliance was excellent; participants completed an average of 12.1±0.83 sessions/week. Relative to baseline, participants in both groups demonstrated improvement post-intervention in all core outcomes, including knee pain, function, and perceived OA severity, as well as improvement in mood, perceived stress, and QOL (Physical Health) (p's≤0.05). Relative to ML, the MM group showed greater improvements in overall mood and sleep (p's≤0.04), QOL-Mental Health (p<0.07), kinesiophobia (p=0.09), and two domains of the KOOS (p's<0.09). CONCLUSIONS Findings of this exploratory RCT suggest that a simple MM and, possibly, ML program may be effective in reducing knee pain and dysfunction, decreasing stress, and improving mood, sleep, and QOL in adults with knee OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kim E. Innes
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Terry Kit Selfe
- Department of Biomedical and Health Information Services, Health Science Center Libraries, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Sahiti Kandati
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA
- School of Dentistry, SUNY-Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Sijin Wen
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Zenzi Huysmans
- College of Physical Activity and Sport Sciences, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA
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Wen D, Lan X, Zhou Y, Li G, Hsu SH, Jung TP. The Study of Evaluation and Rehabilitation of Patients With Different Cognitive Impairment Phases Based on Virtual Reality and EEG. Front Aging Neurosci 2018; 10:88. [PMID: 29666577 PMCID: PMC5891607 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2018.00088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2018] [Accepted: 03/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Dong Wen
- Department of Software Engineering, School of Information Science and Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, China.,The Key Laboratory for Computer Virtual Technology and System Integration of Hebei Province, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, China
| | - Xifa Lan
- Department of Neurology, First Hospital of Qinhuangdao, Qinhuangdao, China
| | - Yanhong Zhou
- Department of Computer Science and Technology, School of Mathematics and Information Science and Technology, Hebei Normal University of Science and Technology, Qinhuangdao, China
| | - Guolin Li
- Department of Computer Science and Technology, School of Mathematics and Information Science and Technology, Hebei Normal University of Science and Technology, Qinhuangdao, China
| | - Sheng-Hsiou Hsu
- Swartz Center for Computational Neuroscience, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Tzyy-Ping Jung
- Swartz Center for Computational Neuroscience, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
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Innes KE, Selfe TK, Brundage K, Montgomery C, Wen S, Kandati S, Bowles H, Khalsa DS, Huysmans Z. Effects of Meditation and Music-Listening on Blood Biomarkers of Cellular Aging and Alzheimer's Disease in Adults with Subjective Cognitive Decline: An Exploratory Randomized Clinical Trial. J Alzheimers Dis 2018; 66:947-970. [PMID: 30320574 PMCID: PMC6388631 DOI: 10.3233/jad-180164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Telomere length (TL), telomerase activity (TA), and plasma amyloid-β (Aβ) levels have emerged as possible predictors of cognitive decline and dementia. OBJECTIVE To assess the: 1) effects of two 12-week relaxation programs on TL, TA, and Aβ levels in adults with subjective cognitive decline; and 2) relationship of biomarker changes to those in cognitive function, psychosocial status, and quality of life (QOL). METHODS Participants were randomized to a 12-week Kirtan Kriya meditation (KK) or music listening (ML) program and asked to practice 12 minutes/day. Plasma Aβ(38/40/42) and peripheral blood mononuclear cell TL and TA were measured at baseline and 3 months. Cognition, stress, sleep, mood, and QOL were assessed at baseline, 3 months, and 6 months. RESULTS Baseline blood samples were available for 53 participants (25 KK, 28 ML). The KK group showed significantly greater increases in Aβ40 than the ML group. TA rose in both groups, although increases were significant only among those with higher practice adherence and lower baseline TA. Changes in both TL and TA varied by their baseline values, with greater increases among participants with values ≤50th percentile (ps-interaction <0.006). Both groups improved in cognitive and psychosocial status (ps ≤0.05), with improvements in stress, mood, and QOL greater in the KK group. Rising Aβ levels were correlated with gains in cognitive function, mood, sleep, and QOL at both 3 and 6 months, associations that were particularly pronounced in the KK group. Increases in TL and TA were also correlated with improvements in certain cognitive and psychosocial measures. CONCLUSION Practice of simple mind-body therapies may alter plasma Aβ levels, TL, and TA. Biomarker increases were associated with improvements in cognitive function, sleep, mood, and QOL, suggesting potential functional relationships.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kim E. Innes
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, West Virginia University (WVU) Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Terry Kit Selfe
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, West Virginia University (WVU) Morgantown, WV, USA
- Department of Biomedical and Health Information Services, Health Science Center Libraries, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Kathleen Brundage
- Department of Microbiology, Flow Cytometry & Single Cell Core Facility, Immunology & Cell Biology, School of Medicine, WVU Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Caitlin Montgomery
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, West Virginia University (WVU) Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Sijin Wen
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, WVU, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Sahiti Kandati
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, West Virginia University (WVU) Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Hannah Bowles
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, West Virginia University (WVU) Morgantown, WV, USA
| | | | - Zenzi Huysmans
- College of Physical Activity and Sport Sciences, WVU, Morgantown, WV, USA
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Huang H, Skaper S, Mao G, Saberi H, Feng S, Jeon SR, Chen L, Dimitrijevic M. 2017 Yearbook of Neurorestoratology. JOURNAL OF NEURORESTORATOLOGY 2018. [DOI: 10.26599/jnr.2018.9040001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
In 2016 we published the first Yearbook of Neurorestoratology, which summarized pathogenesis in nervous system disease and damage, as well as neurorestorative mechanisms and neurorestorative therapeutic results. Given the progress and achievements occurring in 2017, we have put together those major progresses as the “2017 Yearbook of Neurorestoratology”, which can help readers to easily follow the latest developments in Neurorestoratology.
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Wong WP, Coles J, Chambers R, Wu DBC, Hassed C. The Effects of Mindfulness on Older Adults with Mild Cognitive Impairment. J Alzheimers Dis Rep 2017; 1:181-193. [PMID: 30480237 PMCID: PMC6159696 DOI: 10.3233/adr-170031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The current lack of an effective cure for dementia would exacerbate its prevalence and incidence globally. Growing evidence has linked mindfulness to cognitive and psychological improvements that could be relevant for mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Objective To investigate whether mindfulness practice can improve health outcomes of MCI. Methods The study is the first longitudinal mixed-methods observational study with a one-year follow-up period, that customized an eight-week group-based mindfulness training program for older adults with MCI (n = 14). Measures included cognitive function, psychological health, trait mindfulness, adherence to mindfulness practice, and everyday activities functioning as assessed at pre-intervention, post-intervention, and one-year follow-up. Repeated measures ANOVAs, Pearson's correlation analyses, and Mann-Whitney U tests were performed. Results The MCI participants showed significant improvements in cognitive function (p < 0.05) and trait mindfulness (p < 0.05) after completing the intervention. Between program intervention and one-year follow-up (59 weeks), positive correlations were found between their cognitive function (p < 0.05) and everyday activities functioning (p < 0.05) with the duration of mindfulness meditation; and between trait mindfulness and the level of informal mindfulness practice (p < 0.05). Those who meditated more during these 59 weeks, showed greater improvements in cognitive function (p < 0.05) and everyday activities functioning (p < 0.05), with large effect sizes at the one-year follow-up. Qualitative findings will be reported separately. Conclusion Long-term mindfulness practice may be associated with cognitive and functional improvements for older adults with MCI. Mindfulness training could be a potential efficacious non-pharmacological therapeutic intervention for MCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wee Ping Wong
- Department of General Practice, School of Primary and Allied Health Care, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, VIC, Australia
| | - Jan Coles
- Department of General Practice, School of Primary and Allied Health Care, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, VIC, Australia
| | - Richard Chambers
- Counselling and Mental Health Programs, Campus Community Division, Monash University, VIC, Australia
| | - David Bin-Chia Wu
- School of Pharmacy, Monash University Malaysia, Subang Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Craig Hassed
- Department of General Practice, School of Primary and Allied Health Care, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, VIC, Australia
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Tao J, Chen X, Liu J, Egorova N, Xue X, Liu W, Zheng G, Li M, Wu J, Hu K, Wang Z, Chen L, Kong J. Tai Chi Chuan and Baduanjin Mind-Body Training Changes Resting-State Low-Frequency Fluctuations in the Frontal Lobe of Older Adults: A Resting-State fMRI Study. Front Hum Neurosci 2017; 11:514. [PMID: 29163096 PMCID: PMC5670503 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2017.00514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2017] [Accepted: 10/10/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Age-related cognitive decline is a significant public health concern. Recently, non-pharmacological methods, such as physical activity and mental training practices, have emerged as promising low-cost methods to slow the progression of age-related memory decline. In this study, we investigated if Tai Chi Chuan (TCC) and Baduanjin modulated the fractional amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations (fALFF) in different frequency bands (low-frequency: 0.01-0.08 Hz; slow-5: 0.01-0.027 Hz; slow-4: 0.027-0.073 Hz) and improved memory function. Older adults were recruited for the randomized study. Participants in the TCC and Baduanjin groups received 12 weeks of training (1 h/day for 5 days/week). Participants in the control group received basic health education. Each subject participated in memory tests and fMRI scans at the beginning and end of the experiment. We found that compared to the control group: (1) TCC and Baduanjin groups demonstrated significant improvements in memory function; (2) TCC increased fALFF in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) in the slow-5 and low-frequency bands; and (3) Baduanjin increased fALFF in the medial PFC in the slow-5 and low-frequency bands. This increase was positively associated with memory function improvement in the slow-5 and low-frequency bands across the TCC and Baduanjin groups. Our results suggest that TCC and Baduanjin may work through different brain mechanisms to prevent memory decline due to aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Tao
- College of Rehabilitation Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Rehabilitation Technology, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, United States
| | - Xiangli Chen
- Department of Rehabilitation Psychology and Special Education, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Jiao Liu
- College of Rehabilitation Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
| | - Natalia Egorova
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, United States
| | - Xiehua Xue
- Affiliated Rehabilitation Hospital, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
| | - Weilin Liu
- College of Rehabilitation Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Rehabilitation Technology, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
| | - Guohua Zheng
- College of Rehabilitation Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
| | - Ming Li
- Affiliated Rehabilitation Hospital, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
| | - Jinsong Wu
- College of Rehabilitation Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
| | - Kun Hu
- College of Rehabilitation Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
| | - Zengjian Wang
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, United States
- Developmental and Educational Psychology, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lidian Chen
- College of Rehabilitation Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Rehabilitation Technology, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
| | - Jian Kong
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, United States
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Banning AS. Music: The Ultimate Nonpharmacotherapeutic? J Physician Assist Educ 2017; 28:119-121. [PMID: 28471936 DOI: 10.1097/jpa.0000000000000122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Adrian S Banning
- Adrian S. Banning, MMS, PA-C, is an assistant clinical professor in the Physician Assistant Department, College of Nursing and Health Professions, at the Drexel University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
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