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Saoji AA, Vijayakumar V, Chattopadhyay K, Kozasa EH. Editorial: Yoga to promote mental health in occupational health settings. Front Public Health 2024; 12:1460432. [PMID: 39135923 PMCID: PMC11317407 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1460432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2024] [Accepted: 07/15/2024] [Indexed: 08/15/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Apar Avinash Saoji
- School of Yoga and Naturopathic Medicine, Division of Yoga and Life Sciences, Swami Vivekananda Yoga Anusandhana Samsthana, Bangalore, India
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Ong NY, Teo FJJ, Ee JZY, Yau CE, Thumboo J, Tan HK, Ng QX. Effectiveness of mindfulness-based interventions on the well-being of healthcare workers: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Gen Psychiatr 2024; 37:e101115. [PMID: 38737894 PMCID: PMC11086195 DOI: 10.1136/gpsych-2023-101115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Growing evidence attests to the efficacy of mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs), but their effectiveness for healthcare workers remains uncertain. Aims To evaluate the evidence for MBIs in improving healthcare workers' psychological well-being. Methods A systematic literature search was conducted on Medline, Embase, Cumulative Index for Nursing and Allied Health Literature, PsycINFO and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials up to 31 August 2022 using the keywords 'healthcare worker', 'doctor', 'nurse', 'allied health', 'mindfulness', 'wellness', 'workshop' and 'program'. Randomised controlled trials with a defined MBI focusing on healthcare workers and quantitative outcome measures related to subjective or psychological well-being were eligible for inclusion. R V.4.0.3 was used for data analysis, with the standardised mean difference as the primary outcome, employing DerSimonian and Laird's random effects model. Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation framework was used to evaluate the quality of evidence. Cochrane's Risk of Bias 2 tool was used to assess the risk of bias in the included studies. Results A total of 27 studies with 2506 participants were included, mostly from the USA, involving various healthcare professions. MBIs such as stress reduction programmes, apps, meditation and training showed small to large effects on anxiety, burnout, stress, depression, psychological distress and job strain outcomes of the participants. Positive effects were also seen in self-compassion, empathy, mindfulness and well-being. However, long-term outcomes (1 month or longer postintervention) varied, and the effects were not consistently sustained. Conclusions MBIs offer short-term benefits in reducing stress-related symptoms in healthcare workers. The review also highlights limitations such as intervention heterogeneity, reduced power in specific subgroup analyses and variable study quality. PROSPERO registration number CRD42022353340.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natasha Yixuan Ong
- NUS Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Finn Jing Jie Teo
- NUS Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jane Zi Ying Ee
- NUS Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Chun En Yau
- NUS Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Julian Thumboo
- NUS Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
- Health Services Research Unit, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore
- SingHealth Duke-NUS Medicine Academic Clinical Programme, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore
| | - Hiang Khoon Tan
- Singhealth Duke-NUS Global Health Institute, Singapore
- Duke Global Health Institute, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
- Division of Surgery and Surgical Oncology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore
| | - Qin Xiang Ng
- Health Services Research Unit, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore
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Pan Y, Li F, Liang H, Shen X, Bing Z, Cheng L, Dong Y. Effectiveness of Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction on Mental Health and Psychological Quality of Life among University Students: A GRADE-Assessed Systematic Review. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2024; 2024:8872685. [PMID: 38414520 PMCID: PMC10898947 DOI: 10.1155/2024/8872685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Revised: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/03/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024]
Abstract
Background Psychological distress is a progressive health problem that has been linked to decreased quality of life among university students. This meta-analysis reviews existing randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that have examined the effects of mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) on the relief of psychosomatic stress-related outcomes and quality of life among university students. Methods The PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, PsycINFO (formerly PsychLit), Ovid MEDLINE, ERIC, Scopus, Google Scholar, ProQuest, and Cochrane Library databases were searched in November 2023 to identify the RCTs for analysis. Data on pathology (anxiety, depression, and perceived stress), physical capacity (sleep quality and physical health), and well-being (mindfulness, self-kindness, social function, and subjective well-being) were analyzed. Results Of the 276 articles retrieved, 29 met the inclusion criteria. Compared with control therapies, the pooled results suggested that MBSR had significant effects, reducing anxiety (SMD = -0.29; 95% CI: -0.49 to -0.09), depression (SMD = -0.32; 95% CI: -0.62 to -0.02), and perceived stress (SMD = -0.41; 95% CI: -0.60 to -0.29) and improving mindfulness (SMD = 0.34; 95% CI: 0.08 to 0.59), self-kindness (SMD = 0.57; 95% CI: 0.30 to 1.12), and physical health (SMD = -0.59; 95% CI: -1.14 to -0.04). No significant differences were observed in sleep quality (SMD = -0.20; 95% CI: -0.06 to 0.20), social function (SMD = -0.71; 95% CI: -2.40 to 0.97), or subjective well-being (SMD = 0.07; 95% CI: -0.18 to 0.32). The quality of the evidence regarding sleep quality and physical health outcomes was low. Conclusions MBSR therapy appears to be potentially useful in relieving functional emotional disorders. However, additional evidence-based large-sample trials are required to definitively determine the forms of mindfulness-based therapy that may be effective in this context and ensure that the benefits obtained are ongoing. Future studies should investigate more personalized approaches involving interventions that are tailored to various barriers and students' clinical characteristics. To optimize the effects of such interventions, they should be developed and evaluated using various designs such as the multiphase optimization strategy, which allows for the identification and tailoring of the most valuable intervention components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanqing Pan
- Tianjin Vocational and Technical Normal University, Campbell China Network, Dagu Nan Lu, Hexi, Tianjin 300222, China
| | - Fusen Li
- Tianjin Vocational and Technical Normal University, Campbell China Network, Dagu Nan Lu, Hexi, Tianjin 300222, China
| | - Haiqian Liang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Characteristic Medical Center of Chinese People's Armed Police Force, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiping Shen
- Institute of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, 199 Donggang West Road, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, China
| | - Zhitong Bing
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 509 Nanchang Road, Chengguan 730000, Lanzhou, China
| | - Liang Cheng
- School of Computer Science, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Xitucheng Road, Haidian 100876, Beijing, China
| | - Yi Dong
- Tianjin Medical College, School of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Liulin Road, Hexi, Tianjin 300222, China
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Devoy R, Maguire R. Effects of mindfulness and movement on affect and vitality. Work 2024; 78:1213-1223. [PMID: 38759087 DOI: 10.3233/wor-230650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Increasing levels of distress and barriers to healthcare have coincided with increasing use of Complementary and Alternative Medicine (CAM). While mindfulness and movement interventions may improve wellbeing, little research has compared the effectiveness of these two approaches. OBJECTIVE This single intervention study aimed to (1) explore the effects of two brief, online, self-administered mindfulness and movement interventions on affect and vitality, and (2) establish whether changes in affect and vitality could be predicted by age, gender, general distress, previous CAM experience and enjoyment of the intervention. METHODS Participants (n = 62) were randomly allocated to follow a brief online mindfulness or movement intervention. Levels of affect (using PANAS) and subjective vitality (using the Subjective Vitality Scale) were measured pre and post intervention. Demographics, experience with CAM and general distress (using the DASS-21) were collected pre intervention, while level of enjoyment (using the ENJOY scale) was measured post intervention. Open-text responses gathered qualitative data on participant experience. RESULTS Participants completing the mindfulness intervention reported increased vitality and decreased positive and negative affect. Those completing the movement intervention reported increased vitality and positive affect and decreased negative affect. Higher DASS-21 levels were predictive of greater reductions in negative affect. Higher levels of enjoyment were predictive of greater increases in positive affect and vitality. CONCLUSIONS Differences between mindfulness and movement interventions may indicate that they could have targeted applications. While further research is necessary, these brief, online interventions may provide a sustainable, accessible self-management and wellbeing intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Róisín Devoy
- Department of Psychology, Maynooth University, Kildare, Ireland
| | - Rebecca Maguire
- Department of Psychology, Maynooth University, Kildare, Ireland
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Kalkanis A, Demolder S, Papadopoulos D, Testelmans D, Buyse B. Recovery from shift work. Front Neurol 2023; 14:1270043. [PMID: 38020633 PMCID: PMC10651732 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2023.1270043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
One fifth of today's workforce is engaged in shift work and exposed to various mental and physical health risks including shift work disorder. Efficiently recovering from shift work through physical and mental interventions allows us to mitigate negative effects on health, enables a better work-life balance and enhances our overall wellbeing. The aim of this review is to provide a state-of-the-art overview of the available literature. The role of sleep timing and naps, light therapy and psychotherapy, diet and exercise in recovery from shift work is presented here. We further review the impact of shift schedules and social support on post-shift unwinding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandros Kalkanis
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, Louvain University Center for Sleep and Wake Disorders (LUCS), University Hospitals Leuven, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Saartje Demolder
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, Louvain University Center for Sleep and Wake Disorders (LUCS), University Hospitals Leuven, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Dimitrios Papadopoulos
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, Louvain University Center for Sleep and Wake Disorders (LUCS), University Hospitals Leuven, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Dries Testelmans
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, Louvain University Center for Sleep and Wake Disorders (LUCS), University Hospitals Leuven, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Laboratory of Respiratory Disease and Thoracic Surgery (BREATH), KU Leuven-University, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Bertien Buyse
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, Louvain University Center for Sleep and Wake Disorders (LUCS), University Hospitals Leuven, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Laboratory of Respiratory Disease and Thoracic Surgery (BREATH), KU Leuven-University, Leuven, Belgium
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Hempel S, Danz M, Robinson KA, Bolshakova M, Rodriguez J, Mears A, Pham C, Yagyu S, Motala A, Tolentino D, Akbari O, Johnston J. Multiple chemical sensitivity scoping review protocol: overview of research and MCS construct. BMJ Open 2023; 13:e072098. [PMID: 37739463 PMCID: PMC10533706 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2023-072098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/24/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Multiple chemical sensitivity (MCS) has been characterised by reported adverse responses to environmental exposures of common chemical agents (eg, perfumes, paint, cleaning products and other inhaled or ingested agents) in low doses considered non-toxic for the general population. There is currently no consensus on whether MCS can be established as a distinct disorder. METHODS AND ANALYSIS The scoping review of the literature will be guided by five questions: How is MCS defined and which diagnostic criteria have been proposed? What methods are used to report prevalence and incidence estimates of MCS? What are the characteristics of the body of scientific evidence that addresses whether MCS is a distinct disorder or syndrome? What underlying mechanisms for MCS have been proposed in the scientific literature? Which treatment and management approaches for MCS have been evaluated in empirical research studies? We will conduct a comprehensive search in 14 research databases. Citation screening will be supported by machine learning algorithms. Two independent reviewers will assess eligibility of full-text publications against prespecified criteria. Data abstraction will support concise evidence tables. A formal consultation exercise will elicit input regarding the review results and presentation. The existing research evidence will be documented in a user-friendly visualisation in the format of an evidence map. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION Determined to be exempt from review (UP-22-00516). Results will be disseminated through a journal manuscript and data will be publicly accessible through an online data repository. REGISTRATION DETAILS The protocol is registered in Open Science Framework (osf.io/4a3wu).
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Affiliation(s)
- Susanne Hempel
- Southern California Evidence Review Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Margie Danz
- Southern California Evidence Review Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Karen A Robinson
- Division of Health Science Informatics, John Hopkins Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Maria Bolshakova
- Southern California Evidence Review Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Jesus Rodriguez
- Southern California Evidence Review Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Alanna Mears
- Southern California Evidence Review Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Cindy Pham
- Southern California Evidence Review Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Sachi Yagyu
- Southern California Evidence Review Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Aneesa Motala
- Southern California Evidence Review Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Danica Tolentino
- Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Omid Akbari
- Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Jill Johnston
- Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
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Elliot D, Kuehl K, DeFrancesco C, McGinnis W, Ek S, Van Horne A, Kempany KG. Technology-Enabled Intervention to Enhance Mindfulness, Safety, and Health Promotion Among Corrections Professionals: Protocol for a Prospective Quasi-Experimental Trial. JMIR Res Protoc 2023; 12:e45535. [PMID: 36602914 PMCID: PMC10559194 DOI: 10.2196/45535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Revised: 06/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Correction professionals are a highly stressed workforce with heightened risks for depression, suicide, obesity, cardiovascular disease, and injury. These professionals, largely hidden from view, have received little study concerning means to improve their safety, health, and well-being. In other settings, mindfulness has resulted in lowered stress, along with other benefits. We hypothesized that a program that promoted mindfulness combined with more typical health and safety components could uniquely benefit corrections professionals. OBJECTIVE This project will assess a novel scalable, self-administered program to enhance the mindfulness, safety, and health of a vulnerable worker group. METHODS In partnership with the Oregon Department of Corrections, we are conducting a prospective quasi-experimental trial of a safety, health, and mindfulness program among 100 corrections professionals from 2 institutions. Survey and physiologic data will be collected at enrollment, upon weekly program completion (3 months), and at 9 months after enrollment. Primary outcome behaviors promoted by the program are being mindful, healthier eating, more physical activity, and greater restorative sleep. Secondary downstream benefits are anticipated in stress level, mood, positive feelings about the organization, vascular health, and cellular aging, along with job performance, injuries, and economic costs. Participants will meet in-person or in a Zoom-type meeting as 3- to 5-member coworker groups during their usual work hours for 30-minute sessions once a week for 12 weeks. The program uses self-guided web-based learning modules that include brief mindfulness practice, and it is accessible by smartphone, tablet, or laptop. Daily mindfulness practice is encouraged between sessions, which is facilitated by the study website and group format. The modules' structure emphasizes prerequisite knowledge, peer support, skill practice, self-monitoring, and enhancing self-efficacy for change. The program continues through self-directed use of the Headspace app following the 12 weekly sessions. RESULTS Participants are being enrolled, and the intervention is ready to launch. CONCLUSIONS Although mindfulness training has gained traction for worker well-being, its usual format requires a skilled trainer, an initial retreat, and weekly 2-hour meetings for several weeks. The content is limited to mindfulness without safety or health promotion aspects. The need for skilled trainers and time commitment limits the scalability of the usual mindfulness interventions. The planned program is an innovative combination of technology, e-learning, and a group format to add mindfulness to a safety and health curriculum. If acceptable and effective, the format would facilitate its widespread use. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov NCT05608889; https://classic.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT05608889. INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT IDENTIFIER (IRRID) PRR1-10.2196/45535.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diane Elliot
- Health Promotion & Sports Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, United States
| | - Kerry Kuehl
- Health Promotion & Sports Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, United States
| | - Carol DeFrancesco
- Health Promotion & Sports Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, United States
| | - Wendy McGinnis
- Health Promotion & Sports Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, United States
| | - Susanna Ek
- Health Promotion & Sports Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, United States
| | - Allee Van Horne
- Health Promotion & Sports Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, United States
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Durand-Moreau Q, Jackson T, Deibert D, Els C, Kung JY, Straube S. Mindfulness-based Practices in Workers to Address Mental Health Conditions: A Systematic Review. Saf Health Work 2023; 14:250-258. [PMID: 37818218 PMCID: PMC10562101 DOI: 10.1016/j.shaw.2023.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Revised: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The effectiveness of mindfulness techniques in addressing mental health conditions in workers is uncertain. However, it could represent a therapeutic tool for workers presenting with such conditions. Our objective was to assess the effects of mindfulness-based practices for workers diagnosed with mental health conditions. We conducted a systematic review of randomized controlled trials. Participants included were workers with a mental health condition. Interventions included any mindfulness technique, compared to any nonmindfulness interventions. Outcomes were scores on validated psychiatric rating scales. A total of 4,407 records were screened; 202 were included for full-text analysis; 2 studies were included. The first study (Finnes et al., 2017) used Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) associated or not with Workplace Dialogue Intervention (WDI), compared to treatment as usual. At 9 months follow-up, for the ACT group, depression scores improved marginally (standardized mean difference [SMD]: -0.06, p = 0.021), but anxiety scores were worse (SMD: 0.15, p = 0.036). Changes in mental health outcomes were not statistically significant for the ACT + WDI group. In the second study (Grensman et al., 2018), no statistically significant change in mental health scales has been observed after completion of mindfulness-based cognitive therapy compared to cognitive behavioral therapy. Substantial heterogeneity precluded meta-analysis. This systematic review did not find evidence that mindfulness-based practices provide a durable and substantial improvement of mental health outcomes in workers diagnosed with mental health conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quentin Durand-Moreau
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Tanya Jackson
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Danika Deibert
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Charl Els
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
- College of Physicians and Surgeons of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Janice Y. Kung
- John W. Scott Health Sciences Library, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Sebastian Straube
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
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Covington L, Banerjee M, Pereira A, Price M. Mindfulness-Based Interventions for Professionals Working in End-of-Life Care: A Systematic Review of the Literature. J Palliat Care 2023; 38:225-238. [PMID: 35593086 PMCID: PMC10026168 DOI: 10.1177/08258597221100330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Objectives: The potential usefulness of mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) is being investigated for healthcare staff burnout and associated problems, but empirical research on MBI's for end-of-life (EOL) professionals is still in its infancy. The aim of this review is to describe and evaluate the body of evidence-based research on the use of MBIs to support the psychological wellbeing of professional staff in EOL care settings. Methods: A systematic review of the literature was conducted. Database records were extracted from ERIC, PsycInfo, EBSCO, PubMed Central (PMC) and Web of Science, using search terms to locate peer-reviewed studies on professional (not volunteer) staff in dedicated end-of-life settings, administering MBIs not embedded in more general therapeutic modalities (such as ACT or DBT). After removing duplicates, 8701 potential studies were identified: eliminating those that did not fit the eligibility criteria reduced the number of eligible studies to six. Results: A total of six empirical studies were identified and further evaluated. Interventions primarily focussed on reducing burnout symptoms, increasing self-care and self-compassion, and fostering mindfulness. Studies demonstrated very little overlap in treatment, methodology and measures. Only one study was a randomised control trial, which on application of the 3-item Jadad quality scoring, (evidence of randomisation, blinding of researcher to participants' identity and accounts provided of all participants), achieved 1 out of 5 possible points. Furthermore, other concerns were identified as to the study's methodology. Conclusions: Results of this review point to significant gaps in the research on the potential of MBIs to improve the wellbeing of EOL professionals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lori Covington
- Department of Psychology, Institute of Education, Social and Life Sciences, University of Chichester, West Sussex, UK
| | - Moitree Banerjee
- Department of Psychology, Institute of Education, Social and Life Sciences, University of Chichester, West Sussex, UK
| | - Antonina Pereira
- Department of Psychology, Institute of Education, Social and Life Sciences, University of Chichester, West Sussex, UK
| | - Marie Price
- Department of Psychology, Institute of Education, Social and Life Sciences, University of Chichester, West Sussex, UK
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Grace B, Shawe J, Stephenson J. A mixed methods study investigating sources of fertility and reproductive health information in the UK. SEXUAL & REPRODUCTIVE HEALTHCARE 2023; 36:100826. [PMID: 36842189 DOI: 10.1016/j.srhc.2023.100826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2022] [Revised: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aimed to assess the different sources used by individuals when seeking fertility information in order to understand what's working, what isn't, and opportunities for improvement. METHODS A mixed-method study was conducted via UK-wide cross-sectional survey and semi-structured interviews. 1082 survey-participants were recruited nationwide via online-newspaper and social-media adverts. Of those who agreed to follow-up interview, 35 were purposively sampled to reflect the diversity of gender, age-range, ethnicity and education. Tableau software was used for surveys and NVIVO for interviews. Interview data was transcribed and analysed via thematic framework analysis. RESULTS Sources of information identified included: school-education; healthcare-professionals; internet, social-media, smartphone-apps, online-forums and blogs; family, friends, and communities; books, magazines, newspapers; fertility-products; workplace, communities and sexual-health clinics/centres, charities, and third-party organisations. Participants reported varying levels of access, reliability, and trust, in relation to these sources. Interview themes around veracity showed that healthcare-professionals were highly trusted but not easily accessible. The internet was very popular due to accessibility and perceived anonymity but untrusted, and "the plethora of information can be overwhelming." There were recurring themes around discomfort. A respondent recalled that her first discussion of sex with her mother was on her wedding night stating, "…Mum, I'm 28! And you're just discussing this with me now?" CONCLUSIONS School education remains a consistent but sometimes inadequate source of fertility information. In addition to online-platforms and products based on robust scientific evidence, opportunities for improvement include using underexploited sources, such as workplace and community settings, with training for providers.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Grace
- Department of Sexual and Reproductive Health, UCL EGA Institute for Women's Health, Faculty of Population Health Sciences, University College London, London, UK.
| | - J Shawe
- Faculty of Health, University of Plymouth, Devon, UK; Department of Development & Regeneration, University of Leuven, Belgium
| | - J Stephenson
- Department of Sexual and Reproductive Health, UCL EGA Institute for Women's Health, Faculty of Population Health Sciences, University College London, London, UK
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Sugarman A, Vittitow A, Cheng A, Malone M, McDonald R, Pace N, Williams O, Tofighi B, McNeely J, Schatz D, Roberts T, Hey SP, Garrity K, Lindquist K, Lee JD. Opioid Use Disorder Treatments: An Evidence Map. Drug Alcohol Depend 2022; 241:109657. [PMID: 36332588 DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2022.109657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Revised: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Evidence maps are emerging data visualization of a systematic review. There are no published evidence maps summarizing opioid use disorder (OUD) interventions. AIM Our aim was to publish an interactive summary of all peer-reviewed interventional and observational trials assessing the treatment of OUD and common clinical outcomes. METHODS PubMed, Embase, PsycInfo, Cochrane Central Register of Clinical Trials, and Web of Science were queried using multiple OUD-related MESH terms, without date limitations, for English-language publications. Inclusions were human subjects, treatment of OUD, OUD patient or community-level outcomes, and systematic reviews of OUD interventions. Exclusions were laboratory studies, reviews, and case reports. Two reviewers independently scanned abstracts for inclusion before coding eligible full-text articles by pre-specified filters: research design, study population, study setting, intervention, outcomes, sample size, study duration, geographical region, and funding sources. RESULTS The OUD Evidence Map (https://med.nyu.edu/research/lee-lab/research/opioid-use-disorder-treatment-evidence-map) identified and assessed 12,933 relevant abstracts through 2020. We excluded 9455 abstracts and full text reviewed 2839 manuscripts; 888 were excluded, 1591 were included in the final evidence map. The most studied OUD interventions were methadone (n = 754 studies), buprenorphine (n = 499), and naltrexone (n = 134). The most common outcomes were heroin/opioid use (n = 708), treatment retention (n = 557), and non-opioid drug use (n = 368). Clear gaps included a wider array of opioid agonists for treatment, digital behavioral interventions, studies of OUD treatments in criminal justice settings, and overdose as a clinical outcome. CONCLUSION This OUD Evidence Map highlights the importance of pharmacologic interventions for OUD and reductions in opioid use. Future iterations will update results annually and scan policy-level interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allison Sugarman
- New York University Grossman School of Medicine, Department of Population Health, USA
| | - Alexandria Vittitow
- New York University Grossman School of Medicine, Department of Population Health, USA
| | - Anna Cheng
- New York University Grossman School of Medicine, Department of Population Health, USA
| | - Mia Malone
- New York University Grossman School of Medicine, Department of Population Health, USA
| | - Ryan McDonald
- New York University Grossman School of Medicine, Department of Population Health, USA
| | - Nancy Pace
- New York University Grossman School of Medicine, Department of Population Health, USA
| | - Ololade Williams
- New York University Grossman School of Medicine, Department of Population Health, USA
| | - Babak Tofighi
- New York University Grossman School of Medicine, Department of Population Health, USA; New York University Grossman School of Medicine, Department of Medicine, USA
| | - Jennifer McNeely
- New York University Grossman School of Medicine, Department of Population Health, USA; New York University Grossman School of Medicine, Department of Medicine, USA
| | - Daniel Schatz
- New York University Grossman School of Medicine, Department of Population Health, USA; New York University Grossman School of Medicine, Department of Medicine, USA
| | - Timothy Roberts
- New York University Grossman School of Medicine, Health Sciences Library, USA
| | - Spencer Phillips Hey
- Center for Bioethics, Harvard Medical School, USA; Prism Analytic Technologies, USA
| | | | | | - Joshua D Lee
- New York University Grossman School of Medicine, Department of Population Health, USA; New York University Grossman School of Medicine, Department of Medicine, USA.
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Kimpe V, Sabe M, Sentissi O. No increase in burnout in health care workers during the initial COVID-19 outbreak: Systematic review and meta-analysis. World J Meta-Anal 2022; 10:206-219. [DOI: 10.13105/wjma.v10.i4.206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Revised: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND For decades and before the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, for health care workers (HCWs) burnout can be experienced as an upsetting confrontation with their self and the result of a complex a multifactorial process interacting with environmental and personal features.
AIM To literature review and meta-analysis was to obtain a comprehensive understanding of burnout and work-related stress in health care workers around the world during the first outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic.
METHODS We performed a database search of Embase, Google Scholar and PubMed from June to October 2020. We analysed burnout risk factors and protective factors in included studies published in peer-reviewed journals as of January 2020, studying a HCW population during the first COVID-19 wave without any geographic restrictions. Furthermore, we performed a meta-analysis to determine overall burnout levels. We studied the main risk factors and protective factors related to burnout and stress at the individual, institutional and regional levels.
RESULTS Forty-one studies were included in our final review sample. Most were cross-sectional, observational studies with data collection windows during the first wave of the COVID-19 surge. Of those forty-one, twelve studies were included in the meta-analysis. Of the 27907 health care professionals who participated in the reviewed studies, 70.4% were women, and two-thirds were either married or living together. The most represented age category was 31-45 years, at 41.5%. Approximately half of the sample comprised nurses (47.6%), and 44.4% were working in COVID-19 wards (intensive care unit, emergency room and dedicated internal medicine wards). Indeed, exposure to the virus was not a leading factor for burnout. Our meta-analytic estimate of burnout prevalence in the HCW population for a sample of 6784 individuals was 30.05%.
CONCLUSION There was a significant prevalence of burnout in HCWs during the COVID-19 pandemic, and some of the associated risk factors could be targeted for intervention, both at the individual and organizational levels. Nevertheless, COVID-19 exposure was not a leading factor for burnout, as burnout levels were not notably higher than pre-COVID-19 levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincent Kimpe
- Faculty of Medicine, Geneva University, Geneva 1208, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Michel Sabe
- Division of Adult Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva 1205, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Othman Sentissi
- Division of Adult Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva 1205, Geneva, Switzerland
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La Torre G, Leggieri PF, Cocchiara RA, Dorelli B, Mannocci A, Sernia S, Guerra F. Mindfulness as a tool for reducing stress in healthcare professionals: An umbrella review. Work 2022; 73:819-829. [DOI: 10.3233/wor-210504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Health care providers (HCPs) and health care students experience a huge amount of stress due to high workloads and pressure to perform and are likely to develop anxiety, depression and burnout. OBJECTIVE: The objective was to carry out an umbrella review of systematic and narrative reviews on the effectiveness of mindfulness-based interventions in reducing stress and improving well-being in HCPs and health care students. METHODS: Systematic and narrative reviews that examined the impact of mindfulness-based interventions on HCPs and healthcare students’ perceived stress were identified through a systematic search of three electronic databases: PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science. RESULTS: Fifteen articles were included in the analysis: eleven systematic and four narrative reviews. Studies’ quality varied from critically low to high. The different interventions showed positive results in reducing stress in both HCPs and students, with mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) course having the major impact. CONCLUSIONS: MBSR techniques and other Mindfulness Based Interventions resulted to be potentially effective in reducing stress. However, despite the vast amount of data collected by the studies and the promising results, several limitations affected the validity of the studies. Therefore, more research that considers the critical aspects of this field is required, in order to provide more reliable results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe La Torre
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Pasquale Fabio Leggieri
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Barbara Dorelli
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Sabina Sernia
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Guerra
- Department of Oral and Maxillo Facial Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
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Zeliadt SB, Douglas JH, Gelman H, Coggeshall S, Taylor SL, Kligler B, Bokhour BG. Effectiveness of a whole health model of care emphasizing complementary and integrative health on reducing opioid use among patients with chronic pain. BMC Health Serv Res 2022; 22:1053. [PMID: 35978421 PMCID: PMC9387037 DOI: 10.1186/s12913-022-08388-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The opioid crisis has necessitated new approaches to managing chronic pain. The Veterans Health Administration (VHA) Whole Health model of care, with its focus on patient empowerment and emphasis on nonpharmacological approaches to pain management, is a promising strategy for reducing patients’ use of opioids. We aim to assess whether the VHA’s Whole Health pilot program impacted longitudinal patterns of opioid utilization among patients with chronic musculoskeletal pain. Methods A cohort of 4,869 Veterans with chronic pain engaging in Whole Health services was compared with a cohort of 118,888 Veterans receiving conventional care. All patients were continuously enrolled in VHA care from 10/2017 through 3/2019 at the 18 VHA medical centers participating in the pilot program. Inverse probability of treatment weighting and multivariate analyses were used to adjust for observable differences in patient characteristics between exposures and conventional care. Patients exposed to Whole Health services were offered nine complementary and integrative health therapies alone or in combination with novel Whole Health services including goal-setting clinical encounters, Whole Health coaching, and personal health planning. Main measures The main measure was change over an 18-month period in prescribed opioid doses starting from the six-month period prior to qualifying exposure. Results Prescribed opioid doses decreased by -12.0% in one year among Veterans who began complementary and integrative health therapies compared to similar Veterans who used conventional care; -4.4% among Veterans who used only Whole Health services such as goal setting and coaching compared to conventional care, and -8.5% among Veterans who used both complementary and integrative health therapies combined with Whole Health services compared to conventional care. Conclusions VHA’s Whole Health national pilot program was associated with greater reductions in prescribed opioid doses compared to secular trends associated with conventional care, especially when Veterans were connected with complementary and integrative health therapies. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12913-022-08388-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven B Zeliadt
- VA Center of Innovation (COIN) for Veteran-Centered and Value-Driven Care, VA Puget Sound Healthcare System, 1660 South Columbian Way, HSR&D S-152, Seattle, WA, 98108, USA. .,Department of Health Services, School of Public Health, University of Washington, 1660 South Columbian Way, HSR&D S-152, Seattle, WA, 98108, USA.
| | - Jamie H Douglas
- VA Center of Innovation (COIN) for Veteran-Centered and Value-Driven Care, VA Puget Sound Healthcare System, 1660 South Columbian Way, HSR&D S-152, Seattle, WA, 98108, USA
| | - Hannah Gelman
- VA Center of Innovation (COIN) for Veteran-Centered and Value-Driven Care, VA Puget Sound Healthcare System, 1660 South Columbian Way, HSR&D S-152, Seattle, WA, 98108, USA
| | - Scott Coggeshall
- VA Center of Innovation (COIN) for Veteran-Centered and Value-Driven Care, VA Puget Sound Healthcare System, 1660 South Columbian Way, HSR&D S-152, Seattle, WA, 98108, USA
| | - Stephanie L Taylor
- Center for the Study of Healthcare Innovation, Implementation and Policy, Greater Los Angeles VA Healthcare System, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,Department of General Internal Medicine and Department of Health Policy and Management, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Benjamin Kligler
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Brooklyn, NY, USA.,US Department of Veterans Affairs Office of Patient Centered Care and Cultural Transformation, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Barbara G Bokhour
- Center for Healthcare Organization and Implementation Research, VA Bedford Healthcare System, Bedford, MA, USA.,Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
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Menardo E, Di Marco D, Ramos S, Brondino M, Arenas A, Costa P, Vaz de Carvalho C, Pasini M. Nature and Mindfulness to Cope with Work-Related Stress: A Narrative Review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19105948. [PMID: 35627491 PMCID: PMC9140663 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19105948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, work-related stress has grown exponentially and the negative impact that this condition has on people's health is considerable. The effects of work-related stress can be distinguished in those that affect workers (e.g., depression and anxiety) and those that affect the company (e.g., absenteeism and productivity). It is possible to distinguish two types of prevention interventions. Individual interventions aim at promoting coping and individual resilience strategies with the aim of modifying cognitive assessments of the potential stressor, thus reducing its negative impact on health. Mindfulness techniques have been found to be effective stress management tools that are also useful in dealing with stressful events in the workplace. Organizational interventions modify the risk factors connected to the context and content of the work. It was found that a restorative workplace (i.e., with natural elements) reduces stress and fatigue, improving work performance. Furthermore, practicing mindfulness in nature helps to improve the feeling of wellbeing and to relieve stress. In this paper, we review the role of mindfulness-based practices and of contact with nature in coping with stressful situations at work, and we propose a model of coping with work-related stress by using mindfulness in nature-based practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Menardo
- Department of Human Sciences, University of Verona, 37129 Verona, Italy; (M.B.); (M.P.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Donatella Di Marco
- Department of Social Psychology, Universidad de Sevilla, 41018 Seville, Spain; (D.D.M.); (A.A.)
| | - Sara Ramos
- DINÂMIA’CET-IUL, Iscte-Instituto Universitário de Lisboa, 1649-026 Lisboa, Portugal;
| | - Margherita Brondino
- Department of Human Sciences, University of Verona, 37129 Verona, Italy; (M.B.); (M.P.)
| | - Alicia Arenas
- Department of Social Psychology, Universidad de Sevilla, 41018 Seville, Spain; (D.D.M.); (A.A.)
| | - Patricia Costa
- Business Research Unit (BRU-IUL), Iscte-Instituto Universitário de Lisboa, 1649-026 Lisboa, Portugal;
| | | | - Margherita Pasini
- Department of Human Sciences, University of Verona, 37129 Verona, Italy; (M.B.); (M.P.)
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Dinesh TK, Shetty A, Dhyani VS, T S S, Dsouza KJ. Effectiveness of mindfulness-based interventions on well-being and work-related stress in the financial sector: a systematic review and meta-analysis protocol. Syst Rev 2022; 11:79. [PMID: 35477582 PMCID: PMC9047319 DOI: 10.1186/s13643-022-01956-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Work-related stress is a common phenomenon, often noticed in the employees of the finance sector. It mirrors counter effects on the wellness of employees, their mental well-being, and physical health. Mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) raise awareness and attention to the present moment experiences by adopting coping skills. It is necessary to promote employee well-being and reduce work-related stress; hence, the need arises to associate between the level of mindfulness, employee well-being, and work-related stress. A systematic review on the effectiveness of MBIs in the finance sector is necessary to facilitate evidence for the future utility to reduce work-related stress and promote employee well-being. METHODS In this review, randomized controlled trials, non-randomized control trials, cohort, and cross-sectional and case-control studies that assess the effectiveness of MBIs on the employees in the finance sector will be considered. We propose to perform a literature search which will be conducted from the years 2000 to 2021 on CINAHL, Cochrane Library, ProQuest, PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science. The search terms will include controlled and accessible terms such as mindfulness-based interventions, mindfulness training, workplace, employees, workers, well-being, employee wellness, occupational health, and finance sector. The outcomes will include the effect on employee well-being and reduction in work-related stress. Two researchers will independently conduct the screening and data extraction and assess the risk of bias. Based on the availability of data, a meta-analysis will also be performed. This protocol follows the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analysis-Protocol (PRISMA-P) guidelines. "Assessing the Methodological Quality of Systematic Reviews" will be used to assess the quality of this review. DISCUSSION The review attempts to methodically analyse the effectiveness of MBIs among finance sector employees. It will foster to facilitate a detailed description and evidence-based overview of the effectiveness of MBIs on improving work-related stress, mindful awareness, and employee wellness and well-being in employees in the finance sector. The current study will provide an evidence base to researchers, academicians, and practitioners in the selection of mindfulness-based therapies for employees in the finance sector. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION PROSPERO 2021 CRD42021249782.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tantri Keerthi Dinesh
- Department of Commerce, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Ankitha Shetty
- Department of Commerce, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India.
| | - Vijay Shree Dhyani
- Public Health Evidence South Asia (PHESA), Prasanna School of Public Health (PSPH), Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Shwetha T S
- Department of Clinical Psychology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Komal Jenifer Dsouza
- Department of Commerce, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
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17
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Tatta J, Willgens AM, Palombaro KM. Mindfulness and Acceptance-Based Interventions in Physical Therapist Practice: The Time Is Now. Phys Ther 2022; 102:6481182. [PMID: 35079796 DOI: 10.1093/ptj/pzab293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Revised: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED One in 5 adults in the United States lives with a mental illness, and many more struggle with stress-related chronic illnesses. Physical therapists often see the physical effects that stress has on the body, but there is an underutilization of evidence-based stress management strategies with patients and clients. Mindfulness and acceptance-based interventions (MABIs) constitute a family of methods that emphasize present-moment awareness, nonjudgment, and values-based living. They operate by teaching patients to cope with stressful thoughts, emotions, and physical sensations. MABIs are associated with improved health outcomes in areas commonly seen in physical therapist practice, including health promotion, physical function, injury prevention, pain management, immune function, and noncommunicable diseases. The purpose of this Perspective article is to (1) describe MABIs; (2) discuss the relevance of MABIs to physical therapist practice; (3) discuss the positive impact of MABIs for pain, sports, immune function, physical and mental health promotion, and wellness; and (4) identify MABI outcome measures related to health behavior change. It is time. IMPACT Contemporary practice requires that physical therapists manage patient care by addressing both the mind and body. Given the existing research on MABIs, it is time to translate the evidence into minimum accreditable standards for health promotion and prevention of chronic, noncommunicable disease. This approach would have far-reaching benefits for individuals, family units, communities, and society as a whole. LAY SUMMARY Mindfulness instruction delivered by a physical therapist can help improve physical and mental well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joe Tatta
- Integrative Pain Science Institute, New York, New York, USA
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Bonde EH, Fjorback LO, Frydenberg M, Juul L. The effectiveness of mindfulness-based stress reduction for school teachers: a cluster-randomized controlled trial. Eur J Public Health 2022; 32:246-253. [PMID: 35142355 PMCID: PMC8975540 DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/ckab223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Teaching has been found to be one of the most stressful occupations. Hence, current interest in reducing stress and enhancing the well-being of teachers is strong. Mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) is documented to be effective in reducing stress and increasing well-being. This study investigated the effectiveness of delivering MBSR to lower secondary school teachers as a part of a teacher-training programme. Methods This study was a nested trial within the parallel cluster-randomized controlled trial, Stress-free Everyday LiFe for Children and Adolescents REsearch (SELFCARE). Schools were recruited from all five geographical regions in Denmark between May 2018 and May 2019. One to three teachers from each school were allowed to participate. At baseline, 110 schools, representing 191 lower secondary school teachers, were cluster-randomized to intervention or a wait-list control group. The intervention group received MBSR during 2019 and the wait-list control group during 2020. Data were collected at baseline and after 3 and 6 months. The primary outcome was measured by Cohen’s Perceived Stress Scale (PSS). Data were analyzed using a mixed-effect linear regression model and bootstrapped for cluster effects. Results At 3 months, the intervention group statistically significantly reduced their PSS score 1.7 [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.04–3.3] points more than did the wait-list control group. At 6 months, the intervention group had statistically significantly reduced their mean PSS score 2.1 (95% CI: 0.5–3.8) points more than the wait-list control group. Conclusion It is possible to reduce perceived stress among lower secondary school teachers by delivering MBSR as part of a teacher-training programme.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilie H Bonde
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Danish Center for Mindfulness, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Lone O Fjorback
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Danish Center for Mindfulness, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | | | - Lise Juul
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Danish Center for Mindfulness, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
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Sun J, Shen H, Ibn-Ul-Hassan S, Riaz A, Domil AE. The association between digitalization and mental health: The mediating role of wellbeing at work. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:934357. [PMID: 35990046 PMCID: PMC9386346 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.934357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The study aims to measure the mediating relationship of wellbeing at work between digitalization (IT infrastructure, IT business spanning, and IT proactive stance) and their effect on mental health. The study uses primary data collection techniques to gather data and used purposive sampling to analyze the data. The sample size of the study is 349 respondents. The research uses Smart PLS software to measure the relationship through bootstrapping and algorithms. The study finds a significant positive mediating role of wellbeing between digitalization (IT infrastructure, IT business spanning, and IT proactive stance) and their effect on mental health. The study outcomes are helpful for managers and policymakers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianmin Sun
- School of Management, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hongzhou Shen
- School of Management, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Syed Ibn-Ul-Hassan
- Department of Commerce and Business, Government College University Faisalabad, Layyah Campus, Layyah, Pakistan
| | - Amir Riaz
- Department of Management Sciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Aura Emanuela Domil
- Faculty of Economics and Business Administration, West University of Timisoara, Timisoara, Romania
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Blake H, Somerset S, Greaves S. The Pain at Work Toolkit for Employees with Chronic or Persistent Pain: A Collaborative-Participatory Study. Healthcare (Basel) 2021; 10:healthcare10010056. [PMID: 35052220 PMCID: PMC8775489 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare10010056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Revised: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Self-management tools for people with chronic or persistent pain tend to focus on symptom reporting, treatment programmes or exercise and do not address barriers to work, facilitators of work ability, or workplace pain self-management strategies. We developed the Pain at Work (PAW) toolkit, an evidence-based digital toolkit to provide advice on how employees can self-manage their pain at work. In a collaborative-participatory design, 4-step Agile methodology (N = 452) was used to co-create the toolkit with healthcare professionals, employers and people with chronic or persistent pain. Step 1: stakeholder consultation event (n = 27) established content and format; Step 2: online survey with employees who have persistent pain (n = 274) showed employees fear disclosing their condition, and commonly report discrimination and lack of line manager support. Step 3: online employer survey (n = 107) showed employers rarely provide self-management materials or education around managing pain at work, occupational health recommendations for reasonable adjustments are not always actioned, and pain-related stigma is common. Step 4: Toolkit development integrated findings and recommendations from Steps 1–3, and iterative expert peer review was conducted (n = 40). The PAW toolkit provides (a) evidence-based guidelines and signposting around work-capacity advice and support; (b) self-management strategies around working with chronic or persistent pain, (c) promotion of healthy lifestyles, and quality of life at work; (d) advice on adjustments to working environments and workplace solutions to facilitate work participation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Holly Blake
- School of Health Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2HA, UK; (S.S.); (S.G.)
- NIHR Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, Nottingham NG7 2UH, UK
- Correspondence:
| | - Sarah Somerset
- School of Health Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2HA, UK; (S.S.); (S.G.)
| | - Sarah Greaves
- School of Health Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2HA, UK; (S.S.); (S.G.)
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21
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An Integrative Review on the Research Progress of Mindfulness and Its Implications at the Workplace. SUSTAINABILITY 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/su132413852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Mindfulness has rapidly become a significant subject area in many disciplines. Most of the work on mindfulness has focused on the perspective of health and healthcare professionals, but relatively less research is focused on the organizational outcomes at the workplace. This review presents a theoretical and practical trajectory of mindfulness by sequential integration of recent fragmented scholarly work on mindfulness at the workplace. The review showcases that most contemporary practical challenges in organizations, such as anxiety, stress, depression, creativity, motivation, leadership, relationships, teamwork, burnout, engagement, performance, well-being, and physical and psychological health, could be addressed successfully with the budding concept of mindfulness. The causative processes due to higher mindfulness that generate positive cognitive, emotional, physiological, and behavioral outcomes include focused attention, present moment awareness, non-judgmental acceptance, self-regulatory functions, lower mind wandering, lower habit automaticity, and self-determination. Employee mindfulness could be developed through various mindfulness interventions in order to improve different organizational requirements, such as psychological capital, emotional intelligence, prosocial behavior, in-role and extra-role performance, financial and economic performance, green performance, and well-being. Accordingly, this review would be beneficial to inspire academia and practitioners on the transformative potential of mindfulness in organizations for higher performance, well-being, and sustainability. Future research opportunities and directions to be addressed are also discussed.
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22
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Fazia T, Bubbico F, Berzuini G, Tezza LD, Cortellini C, Bruno S, Bernardinelli L. Mindfulness meditation training in an occupational setting: Effects of a 12-weeks mindfulness-based intervention on wellbeing. Work 2021; 70:1089-1099. [PMID: 34842215 PMCID: PMC8764590 DOI: 10.3233/wor-210510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) are known for their beneficial effects on positive and negative psychological factors. When applied in an occupational context, MBIs might help workers to cope with stress, increase their professional outcomes and wellbeing. OBJECTIVE In this two-groups pre-post experimental design we tested the effect of our MBI, called Integral Meditation (IM), among the employers of an Italian service company by measuring positive and negative aspects of psychological wellbeing related to mindfulness and workplace functioning through eight self-report questionnaires (CORE-OM, FFMQ, WEMWBS, MAIA, PSS, PANAS, STAI-X1, SCS). METHOD Forty-two voluntary non-clinical employers of the company, randomly assigned to the experimental or the control group, were analyzed. The experimental group underwent our IM program, which consists of 12 weekly meditation classes given after the afternoon shift, while the control group did not receive any intervention. Data was analyzed via linear mixed models. RESULTS Statistically significant results were obtained for FFMQ observing subscale (β= 0.49, p = 0.014), WEMWBS (β= 5.31, p = 0.02), PSS (β= -3.31, p = 0.03), the whole scale of SCS (β= 0.47, p = 0.01) and self-judgment (β= 0.68, p = 0.003) and isolation (β= -0.66, p = 0.01) SCS subscales. Statistically significant results were also found in four out of eight subscales of MAIA: emotional awareness (β= 1.26, p < 0.001), self-regulation (β= 1.28, p < 0.001), body listening (β= 1.08, p < 0.001) and trusting (β= 1.1, p < 0.001). CONCLUSION Our intervention has demonstrated to bring beneficial effects in a mindfulness subdomain, in perceived stress, self-compassion, interoception and psychological wellbeing. Based on our results, we conclude that our intervention was effective in increasing the positive aspects of wellbeing and in reducing stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa Fazia
- Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Francesco Bubbico
- Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Giovanni Berzuini
- Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Laura Dalla Tezza
- Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | | | | | - Luisa Bernardinelli
- Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
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Dossett ML, Needles EW, Donahue Z, Gadenne G, Macklin EA, Ruskin JN, Denninger JW. A SMART approach to reducing paroxysmal atrial fibrillation symptoms: Results from a pilot randomized controlled trial. Heart Rhythm O2 2021; 2:326-332. [PMID: 34430937 PMCID: PMC8369288 DOI: 10.1016/j.hroo.2021.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Stress and negative emotions contribute to atrial fibrillation (AF). Mind-body practices decrease stress and negative emotions and may reduce AF episodes and improve quality of life for patients with AF. Objective We examined the effects of a multimodal mind-body program, the SMART Program, on AF-related quality of life in patients with paroxysmal AF (PAF). Methods In this randomized, waitlist-controlled pilot trial, 18 subjects with PAF participated in an 8-week SMART Program delivered online immediately or 3 months later. Validated measures were completed at baseline and at 3 and 6 months (waitlist group only). Results Comparing pre- vs post-program scores among all 18 participants, subjects reported improvement in AF-related quality of life (Cohen’s d = 0.75, P = .005) and depression (d = 0.50, P = .05) but not anxiety (d = 0.35, P = .16). Subjects also reported improvements in AF symptom severity (P = .026), distress (P = .014), positive affect (P = .003), and ability to cope with stress (P = .001). Compared to waitlist control subjects, those in the immediate group reported improvement in positive affect (d = 1.20, P = .021) and coping with stress (d = 1.36, P = .011) after participating in the program. Conclusion The SMART Program, delivered virtually, may enhance positive emotions and coping with stress as well as decrease negative emotions and AF symptoms. These results warrant a larger trial to better understand the potential benefits of such programs for patients with PAF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle L. Dossett
- Department of Medicine, University of California Davis, Sacramento, California
- Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
- Benson-Henry Institute for Mind Body Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
- Address reprint requests and correspondence: Dr Michelle L. Dossett, University of California Davis, Division of General Internal Medicine, 4150 V St, Suite 2400, Sacramento, CA 95817.
| | - Emma W. Needles
- Benson-Henry Institute for Mind Body Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Zachary Donahue
- Benson-Henry Institute for Mind Body Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Gillian Gadenne
- Benson-Henry Institute for Mind Body Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Eric A. Macklin
- Biostatistics Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Jeremy N. Ruskin
- Department of Medicine, University of California Davis, Sacramento, California
| | - John W. Denninger
- Benson-Henry Institute for Mind Body Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
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Ryu GW, Yang YS, Choi M. Evaluating real-time momentary stress and affect in police officers using a smartphone application. BMC Public Health 2020; 20:1154. [PMID: 32703175 PMCID: PMC7376902 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-020-09225-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2019] [Accepted: 07/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Police officers work under stressful conditions, and the resulting occupational stress may impact their health and well-being through changes in positive affect (PA) and negative affect (NA). It is therefore important to assess officers’ stress, PA, and NA while it is experienced. This study evaluates police officers’ momentary stress and affect in real-world settings using an ecological momentary assessment, and examines the within-person (W) and between-person (B) factors that influence momentary affect. Methods Eighty-nine police officers were recruited in South Korea. Participants completed questionnaires about their momentary stress and affect using a smartphone application. The associations between momentary stress, momentary contextual environment, momentary PA, and momentary NA were examined using mixed modeling. Results Social overload (W: -.37), work discontent (W: −.45, B: −.73), social tension (W: −.79, B: −.67), and pressure to perform (W: −.29, B: −.49) were significantly associated with lower PA. Work overload (B: .33) and social isolation(W: .48, B: .31) were significantly associated with higher PA. Being with family (W: .71, B: .91) and friends (W: 1.89, B: 2.45) were significantly associated with higher PA. Being at home or other places away from the work place were significantly associated with higher PA (W: 1.01) and when patrolling or investigating were associated with lower PA (B: − 1.13). Lack of social recognition (W: 1.74, B: 2.33), work discontent (W: 1.59, B: 1.88), social tension (W: 1.74, B: 2.92), and pressure to perform (W: .78, B: 1.92) were significantly associated with higher NA. Being with colleagues (W: − 1.43), family (W: -1.38, B: − 2.66) and friends (W: -1.78, B: − 2.45) were associated with lower NA. Conclusions Momentary within-person and between-person stress factors and contextual factors influenced police officers’ momentary affect. These factors should be considered when developing interventions to mitigate stress and improve affect in police officers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gi Wook Ryu
- Yonsei University College of Nursing, Mo-Im Kim Nursing Research Institute, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Sook Yang
- Yonsei University College of Nursing, Mo-Im Kim Nursing Research Institute, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Mona Choi
- Yonsei University College of Nursing, Mo-Im Kim Nursing Research Institute, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea.
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Montero-Marin J, Kuyken W, Gasión V, Barceló-Soler A, Rojas L, Manrique A, Esteban R, García Campayo J. Feasibility and Effectiveness of a Workplace-Adapted Mindfulness-Based Programme to Reduce Stress in Workers at a Private Sector Logistics Company: An Exploratory Mixed Methods Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:E1643. [PMID: 32138362 PMCID: PMC7084587 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17051643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2019] [Revised: 02/28/2020] [Accepted: 02/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
There is a high prevalence of stress in the logistics sector owing to very demanding, fast-paced and unpredictable tasks. Mindfulness-based programmes may reduce stress but require considerable practice. Our aim was to evaluate the feasibility and effectiveness of a shortened, workplace-adapted mindfulness-based programme for the logistics sector (WA-MBP-LS) for the purpose of reducing stress. A nonblinded, nonrandomised, two-arm controlled trial was conducted. The WA-MBP-LS (n = 32) consisted of six weekly 90-min mindfulness sessions. The control group (n = 36) attended a psycho-educational seminar. The Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) and Five Facets of Mindfulness Questionnaire (FFMQ) were measured at pretest, posttest and 6-month follow-up. Differences between groups were evaluated using mixed-effects models. Qualitative methods were used to analyse implementation issues. A 64.2% reduction was observed between initial volunteers and actual participants. Attrition at six-month follow-up was 45.6%. Participants attended a median of five sessions. Decreases in PSS favoured the WA-MBP-LS group at posttest and follow-up. FFMQ played a mediating role in PSS reductions. Barriers were disinterest, lack of programming, work overload and absences from work. Facilitators were curiosity, timing, company facilities and audio recordings. The WA-MBP-LS was feasible and effective in reducing stress, but more efforts to improve the practicalities of implementation are desirable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesus Montero-Marin
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Warneford Hospital, Oxford OX3 7JX, UK; (J.M.-M.); (W.K.)
| | - Willem Kuyken
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Warneford Hospital, Oxford OX3 7JX, UK; (J.M.-M.); (W.K.)
| | - Virginia Gasión
- Primary Care Prevention and Health Promotion Research Network (RedIAPP), 50009 Zaragoza, Spain;
| | - Alberto Barceló-Soler
- Primary Care Prevention and Health Promotion Research Network (RedIAPP), 50009 Zaragoza, Spain;
- Institute for Health Research (IIS Aragón), 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Lynda Rojas
- Mindfulness Consultant, Parenthesis Consultants, 050031 Medellin, Colombia;
| | - Ana Manrique
- Human Resources Department, Sese Group, 50014 Zaragoza, Spain; (A.M.); (R.E.)
| | - Rosa Esteban
- Human Resources Department, Sese Group, 50014 Zaragoza, Spain; (A.M.); (R.E.)
| | - Javier García Campayo
- Primary Care Prevention and Health Promotion Research Network (RedIAPP), 50009 Zaragoza, Spain;
- Institute for Health Research (IIS Aragón), 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
- Miguel Servet University Hospital, University of Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
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Wells RE, Seng EK, Edwards RR, Victorson DE, Pierce CR, Rosenberg L, Napadow V, Schuman-Olivier Z. Mindfulness in migraine: A narrative review. Expert Rev Neurother 2020; 20:207-225. [PMID: 31933391 DOI: 10.1080/14737175.2020.1715212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: Migraine is the second leading cause of disability worldwide, yet many patients are unable to tolerate, benefit from, or afford pharmacological treatment options. Non-pharmacological migraine therapies exist, especially to reduce opioid use, which represents a significant unmet need. Mindfulness-based interventions (MBI) have potential as a non-pharmacological treatment for migraine, primarily through the development of flexible attentional capacity across sensory, cognitive, and emotional experiences.Areas covered: The authors review efficacy and potential mechanisms of MBIs for migraine, including mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) and mindfulness-based cognitive therapy (MBCT).Expert opinion: While most mindfulness research studies for migraine to date have been pilot trials, which are small and/or lacked rigor, initial evidence suggests there may be improvements in overall headache-related disability and psychological well-being. Many research questions remain to help target the treatment to patients most likely to benefit, including the ideal dosage, duration, delivery method, responder characteristics, and potential mechanisms and biomarkers. A realistic understanding of these factors is important for patients, providers, and the media. Mindfulness will not 'cure' migraine; however, mindfulness may be an important tool as part of a comprehensive treatment approach to help patients 'mindfully' engage in valued life activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Erwin Wells
- Comprehensive Headache Program, Center for Integrative Medicine, Department of Neurology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Wake Forest Baptist Health, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Elizabeth K Seng
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Yeshiva University, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Robert R Edwards
- Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Brigham & Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - David E Victorson
- Department of Medical Social Sciences, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Charles R Pierce
- Department of Neurology, Wake Forest Baptist Health, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Lauren Rosenberg
- Ferkauf Graduate School of Psychology, Yeshiva University, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Vitaly Napadow
- Center for Integrative Pain NeuroImaging (CiPNI), Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, USA
| | - Zev Schuman-Olivier
- Center for Mindfulness and Compassion, Addictions, Department of Psychiatry, Cambridge Health Alliance, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, MA, USA
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