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Baldelli S, Aiello G, Mansilla Di Martino E, Campaci D, Muthanna FMS, Lombardo M. The Role of Adipose Tissue and Nutrition in the Regulation of Adiponectin. Nutrients 2024; 16:2436. [PMID: 39125318 PMCID: PMC11313710 DOI: 10.3390/nu16152436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2024] [Revised: 07/21/2024] [Accepted: 07/25/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Adipose tissue (AT), composed mainly of adipocytes, plays a critical role in lipid control, metabolism, and energy storage. Once considered metabolically inert, AT is now recognized as a dynamic endocrine organ that regulates food intake, energy homeostasis, insulin sensitivity, thermoregulation, and immune responses. This review examines the multifaceted role of adiponectin, a predominant adipokine released by AT, in glucose and fatty acid metabolism. We explore the regulatory mechanisms of adiponectin, its physiological effects and its potential as a therapeutic target for metabolic diseases such as type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease and fatty liver disease. Furthermore, we analyze the impact of various dietary patterns, specific nutrients, and physical activities on adiponectin levels, highlighting strategies to improve metabolic health. Our comprehensive review provides insights into the critical functions of adiponectin and its importance in maintaining systemic metabolic homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Baldelli
- Department for the Promotion of Human Science and Quality of Life, San Raffaele Open University, Via di Val Cannuta, 247, 00166 Rome, Italy (E.M.D.M.)
- IRCCS San Raffaele Roma, 00166 Rome, Italy
| | - Gilda Aiello
- Department for the Promotion of Human Science and Quality of Life, San Raffaele Open University, Via di Val Cannuta, 247, 00166 Rome, Italy (E.M.D.M.)
| | - Eliana Mansilla Di Martino
- Department for the Promotion of Human Science and Quality of Life, San Raffaele Open University, Via di Val Cannuta, 247, 00166 Rome, Italy (E.M.D.M.)
| | - Diego Campaci
- Department for the Promotion of Human Science and Quality of Life, San Raffaele Open University, Via di Val Cannuta, 247, 00166 Rome, Italy (E.M.D.M.)
| | - Fares M. S. Muthanna
- Pharmacy Department, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Science and Technology-Aden, Alshaab Street, Enmaa City 22003, Yemen
| | - Mauro Lombardo
- Department for the Promotion of Human Science and Quality of Life, San Raffaele Open University, Via di Val Cannuta, 247, 00166 Rome, Italy (E.M.D.M.)
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2
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Han J, Wu P, Xu Z, Liu C, Chen Q, Zhang F, Tao H, Luo D, Zhou L, Wang B, Gao Z, Shen T, Wen Y, Yu H. The anti-cholestatic effects of Coptis chinensis Franch. alone and combined with Tetradium ruticarpum (A. Jussieu) T. G. Hartley: dual effects on fecal metabolism and microbial diversity. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1372527. [PMID: 38523644 PMCID: PMC10957555 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1372527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Drug dosages and combinations are the main factors that affect the efficacy of pleiotropic traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). Coptis chinensis Franch. (CF) is a representative TCM with multiple effects and is often combined with Tetradium ruticarpum (A. Jussieu) T. G. Hartley (TR) to treat cholestasis. The present study assessed the influence of CF dose and its combination with TR on the efficacy of CF in cholestasis treatment, including their effects on fecal metabolism and fecal microorganisms. Methods: Rats with α-naphthylisothiocyanate (ANIT, 50 mg/kg)-induced cholestasis were administered low (0.3 g/kg) and high (0.6 g/kg) doses of CF, as well as CF combined with TR at doses of 0.6 g/kg and 0.9 g/kg, respectively. The anti-cholestatic effects of these treatments were assessed by determining their anti-inflammatory, hypolipidemic, and anti-oxidative stress properties. Additionally, fecal metabolomics and fecal microorganisms were analyzed. Results: Low dose CF had a more potent hypolipidemic effect than high dose CF, whereas high dose CF had more potent anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative stress effects. Combination with TR enhanced the hypolipidemic effect, but antagonized the anti-inflammatory effect, of CF. Analyses of fecal metabolomics and fecal microorganisms showed differences in the regulation of lipid- and amino acid metabolism-related pathways, including pathways of linoleic acid, tyrosine, and arachidonic acid metabolism, and amino acid biosynthesis between different doses of CF as well as between different doses of CF in combination with TR. These differences may contribute to differences in the anti-cholestatic effects of these preparations. Conclusion: CF dose influences its anti-cholestatic efficacy. The combination with TR had synergistic or antagonistic effects on the properties of CF, perhaps by altering fecal metabolism and fecal microbial homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Han
- School of Basic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Peijie Wu
- School of Basic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Zongying Xu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chao Liu
- School of Basic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Qian Chen
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Fenghua Zhang
- School of Basic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Huan Tao
- Cangxi Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Guangyuan, China
| | - Dan Luo
- School of Basic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Li Zhou
- School of Basic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Bo Wang
- School of Medicine and Life Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhe Gao
- School of Medicine and Life Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Tao Shen
- School of Basic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yueqiang Wen
- School of Basic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Han Yu
- School of Basic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
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3
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Asbaghi O, Shimi G, Hosseini Oskouie F, Naseri K, Bagheri R, Ashtary-Larky D, Nordvall M, Rastgoo S, Zamani M, Wong A. The effects of conjugated linoleic acid supplementation on anthropometrics and body composition indices in adults: a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis. Br J Nutr 2024; 131:406-428. [PMID: 37671495 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114523001861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/07/2023]
Abstract
Prior meta-analytic investigations over a decade ago rather inconclusively indicated that conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) supplementation could improve anthropometric and body composition indices in the general adult population. More recent investigations have emerged, and an up-to-date systematic review and meta-analysis on this topic must be improved. Therefore, this investigation provides a comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials (RCT) on the impact of CLA supplementation on anthropometric and body composition (body mass (BM), BMI, waist circumference (WC), fat mass (FM), body fat percentage (BFP) and fat-free mass (FFM)) markers in adults. Online databases search, including PubMed, Scopus, the Cochrane Library and Web of Science up to March 2022, were utilised to retrieve RCT examining the effect of CLA supplementation on anthropometric and body composition markers in adults. Meta-analysis was carried out using a random-effects model. The I2 index was used as an index of statistical heterogeneity of RCT. Among the initial 8351 studies identified from electronic databases search, seventy RCT with ninety-six effect sizes involving 4159 participants were included for data analyses. The results of random-effects modelling demonstrated that CLA supplementation significantly reduced BM (weighted mean difference (WMD): -0·35, 95 % CI (-0·54, -0·15), P < 0·001), BMI (WMD: -0·15, 95 % CI (-0·24, -0·06), P = 0·001), WC (WMD: -0·62, 95% CI (-1·04, -0·20), P = 0·004), FM (WMD: -0·44, 95 % CI (-0·66, -0·23), P < 0·001), BFP (WMD: -0·77 %, 95 % CI (-1·09, -0·45), P < 0·001) and increased FFM (WMD: 0·27, 95 % CI (0·09, 0·45), P = 0·003). The high-quality subgroup showed that CLA supplementation fails to change FM and BFP. However, according to high-quality studies, CLA intake resulted in small but significant increases in FFM and decreases in BM and BMI. This meta-analysis study suggests that CLA supplementation may result in a small but significant improvement in anthropometric and body composition markers in an adult population. However, data from high-quality studies failed to show CLA's body fat-lowering properties. Moreover, it should be noted that the weight-loss properties of CLA were small and may not reach clinical importance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omid Asbaghi
- Cancer Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ghazaleh Shimi
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition Science and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Hosseini Oskouie
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Kaveh Naseri
- School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Reza Bagheri
- Department of Exercise Physiology, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Damoon Ashtary-Larky
- Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Michael Nordvall
- Department of Health and Human Performance, Marymount University, Arlington, VA, USA
| | - Samira Rastgoo
- Student Research Committee, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition Science and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Zamani
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Alexei Wong
- Department of Health and Human Performance, Marymount University, Arlington, VA, USA
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Ghodoosi N, Rasaei N, Goudarzi K, Hashemzadeh M, Dolatshahi S, Omran HS, Amirani N, Ashtary-Larky D, Shimi G, Asbaghi O. The effects of conjugated linoleic acid supplementation on glycemic control, adipokines, cytokines, malondialdehyde and liver function enzymes in patients at risk of cardiovascular disease: a GRADE-assessed systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis. Nutr J 2023; 22:47. [PMID: 37794481 PMCID: PMC10552395 DOI: 10.1186/s12937-023-00876-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The present systematic review and meta-analysis sought to evaluate the effects of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) supplementation on glycemic control, adipokines, cytokines, malondialdehyde (MDA) and liver function enzymes in patients at risk of cardiovascular disease. METHODS Relevant studies were obtained by searching the PubMed, SCOPUS and Web of Science databases (from inception to January 2023). Weighted mean differences (WMD) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were pooled using a random-effects model. Heterogeneity, sensitivity analysis, and publication bias were reported using standard methods. RESULTS A pooled analysis of 13 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) revealed that CLA supplementation led to a significant increment in fasting blood glucose (FBG) (WMD: 4.49 mg/dL; 95%CI: 2.39 to 6.59; P < 0.001), and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) (WMD: 2.54 IU/L; 95%CI: 0.06 to 5.01; P = 0.044). Moreover, CLA supplementation decreased leptin (WMD: -1.69 ng/ml; 95% CI: -1.80 to -1.58; P < 0.001), and interleukin 6 (IL-6) (WMD: -0.44 pg/ml; 95%CI: -0.86 to -0.02; P = 0.037). However, there was no effect on hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), C-reactive protein (CRP), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) adiponectin compared to the control group. CONCLUSION Our findings showed the overall favorable effect of CLA supplementation on the adipokines and cytokines including serum IL-6, and leptin, while increasing FBG and AST. It should be noted that the mentioned metabolic effects of CLA consumption were small and may not reach clinical importance. PROSPERO REGISTERATION COD CRD42023426374.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nasim Ghodoosi
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Niloufar Rasaei
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Kian Goudarzi
- Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maral Hashemzadeh
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Sina Dolatshahi
- Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hossein Salehi Omran
- Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Niusha Amirani
- Faculty of Medicine, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
| | - Damoon Ashtary-Larky
- Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Ghazaleh Shimi
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition Science and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Omid Asbaghi
- Cancer Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
- Student Research Committee, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Putera HD, Doewes RI, Shalaby MN, Ramírez-Coronel AA, Clayton ZS, Abdelbasset WK, Murtazaev SS, Jalil AT, Rahimi P, Nattagh-Eshtivani E, Malekahmadi M, Pahlavani N. The effect of conjugated linoleic acids on inflammation, oxidative stress, body composition and physical performance: a comprehensive review of putative molecular mechanisms. Nutr Metab (Lond) 2023; 20:35. [PMID: 37644566 PMCID: PMC10466845 DOI: 10.1186/s12986-023-00758-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Conjugated linoleic acids (CLAs) are polyunsaturated fatty acids primarily found in dairy products and ruminant animal products such as beef, lamb, and butter. Supplementation of CLAs has recently become popular among athletes due to the variety of health-promoting effects, including improvements in physical performance. Preclinical and some clinical studies have shown that CLAs can reduce inflammation and oxidative stress and favorably modulate body composition and physical performance; however, the results of previously published clinical trials are mixed. Here, we performed a comprehensive review of previously published clinical trials that assessed the role of CLAs in modulating inflammation, oxidative stress, body composition, and select indices of physical performance, emphasizing the molecular mechanisms governing these changes. The findings of our review demonstrate that the effect of supplementation with CLAs on inflammation and oxidative stress is controversial, but this supplement can decrease body fat mass and increase physical performance. Future well-designed randomized clinical trials are warranted to determine the effectiveness of (1) specific doses of CLAs; (2) different dosing durations of CLAs; (3) various CLA isomers, and the exact molecular mechanisms by which CLAs positively influence oxidative stress, inflammation, body composition, and physical performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Husna Dharma Putera
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Lambung Mangkurat University, Banjarmasin, South Kalimantan, Indonesia
| | - Rumi Iqbal Doewes
- Faculty of Sport, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Jl. Ir. Sutami, 36A, Kentingan, Surakarta, Indonesia
| | - Mohammed Nader Shalaby
- Biological Sciences and Sports Health Department, Faculty of Physical Education, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Andrés Alexis Ramírez-Coronel
- Azogues Campus Nursing Career, Health and Behavior Research Group (HBR), Psychometry and Ethology Laboratory, Catholic University of Cuenca, Azogues, Ecuador
| | - Zachary S Clayton
- Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - Walid Kamal Abdelbasset
- Department of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al Kharj, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Physical Therapy, Kasr Al-Aini Hospital, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Saidmurodkhon S Murtazaev
- Department of Therapeutic Pediatric Dentistry, Dean of the Faculty of International Education, Tashkent State Dental Institute, Tashkent, Uzbekistan
- Department of Scientific Affairs, Samarkand State Medical University, Amir Temur Street 18, Samarkand, Uzbekistan
| | - Abduladheem Turki Jalil
- Medical Laboratories Techniques Department, Al-Mustaqbal University College, Hilla, Babylon, 51001, Iraq
| | - Pegah Rahimi
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Elyas Nattagh-Eshtivani
- Social Development and Health Promotion Research Center, Gonabad University of Medical Sciences, Gonabad, Iran
| | - Mahsa Malekahmadi
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Naseh Pahlavani
- Health Sciences Research Center, Torbat Heydariyeh University of Medical Sciences, Torbat-e Heydariyeh, Iran.
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Kosmalski M, Frankowski R, Deska K, Różycka-Kosmalska M, Pietras T. Exploring the Impact of Nutrition on Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Management: Unveiling the Roles of Various Foods, Food Components, and Compounds. Nutrients 2023; 15:2838. [PMID: 37447164 DOI: 10.3390/nu15132838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 06/18/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
There is a need to introduce standardized treatment options for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) due to its global prevalence and the complications of this disease. Many studies have revealed that food-derived substances may be beneficial in dealing with this disease. Therefore, this review aims to evaluate the recently published studies on the food-derived treatment options for NAFLD. A comprehensive search of the PubMed database using keywords such as "NAFLD", "nutrition", "food", "derived", "therapy", and "guidelines" yielded 219 relevant papers for our analysis, published from 2004 to 2023. The results show the significant benefits of food-derived treatment in NAFLD therapy, including improvements in liver histology, hepatic fat amounts, anthropometric measures, lipid profile, and other metabolic measures. The availability of the substances discussed makes them a significant adjuvant in the treatment of this disease. The usefulness of Viusid as additional therapy to diet and physical activity should be emphasized due to improvements in liver histology; however, many other substances lead to a decrease in liver fat amounts including, e.g., berberine or omega-3 fatty acids. In addition, the synbiotic Protexin seems to be useful in terms of NAFLD treatment, especially because it is effective in both obese and lean subjects. Based on the latest research results, we suggest revising the therapeutic recommendations for patients suffering from NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcin Kosmalski
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Lodz, 90-153 Lodz, Poland
| | - Rafał Frankowski
- Students' Research Club, Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Lodz, 90-153 Lodz, Poland
| | - Kacper Deska
- Students' Research Club, Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Lodz, 90-153 Lodz, Poland
| | | | - Tadeusz Pietras
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Lodz, 90-153 Lodz, Poland
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7
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Tutunchi H, Arefhosseini S, Ebrahimi-Mameghani M. Clinical effectiveness of α-lipoic acid, myo-inositol and propolis supplementation on metabolic profiles and liver function in obese patients with NAFLD: A randomized controlled clinical trial. Clin Nutr ESPEN 2023; 54:412-420. [PMID: 36963888 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2023.02.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Revised: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To compare the effects of α-lipoic acid (ALA), myo-inositol (MI) and propolis supplementation on metabolic parameters and liver function in obese patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) METHODS: Ninety-two obese patients with NAFLD were randomly allocated into one of the four groups (ALA, MI, propolis, and control groups) for 8 weeks. At pre-and post-intervention, anthropometric measures, metabolic parameters and liver function were assessed. Clinical effectiveness was assessed using Absolute Risk Reduction (ARR) and Number Needed to Treat (NNT). RESULTS After 8 weeks, apart from waist-to-hip ratio, all studied anthropometric measures decreased significantly in each of the groups over the trial. Although the greatest improvements in glycemic indices were observed in MI group (p < 0.05), the differences among the groups were not significant. Control group showed the greatest reduction in serum triglyceride level (p = 0.026) while the greatest improvements in serum total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels were observed in MI group (p = 0.043, p = 0.019 and p = 0.041, respectively). Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels reduced significantly in all groups, particularly in propolis group (p = 0.012). The greatest reduction in serum aspartate transaminase (AST) level was observed in control group (p < 0.001), however, the difference among the groups was statistically marginal (p = 0.058). The estimated NNTs for one grade reduction in liver steatosis for MI, ALA and propolis supplementation compared with control group were 1.5, 2.2 and 3, respectively. CONCLUSION Dietary recommendation for weight loss accompanied by MI and then ALA supplementation improved metabolic parameters and liver steatosis. "Registered under ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier no: IRCT20100209003320N22".
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Affiliation(s)
- Helda Tutunchi
- Endocrine Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Sara Arefhosseini
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Nutrition & Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mehrangiz Ebrahimi-Mameghani
- Nutrition Research Center, Department of Biochemistry and Diet Therapy, Faculty of Nutrition & Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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8
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Rastgoo S, Shimi G, Shiraseb F, Karbasi A, Ashtary-Larky D, Yousefi M, Golalipour E, Asbaghi O, Zamani M. The effects of conjugated linoleic acid supplementation on inflammatory cytokines and adipokines in adults: A GRADE-assessed systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1092077. [PMID: 36911696 PMCID: PMC9992184 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1092077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and aims Many studies have investigated the effect of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) supplementation on inflammatory cytokines and adipokines. However, the results of these studies are not consistent. Therefore, this systematic review and meta-analysis were designed to comprehensively evaluate the effect of CLA supplementation on inflammatory cytokines and adipokines. Methods Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) examining the effects of CLA supplementation on C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin 6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), adiponectin, and leptin, published up to March 2022, were identified through PubMed, SCOPUS, and ISI Web of Science databases. A random-effects model was used to calculate weighted mean differences (WMDs) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) for 42 studies that included 1,109 participants. Results Findings from 42 studies with 58 arms indicated that CLA supplementation significantly decreased IL-6 and TNF-α levels and also slightly increased CRP levels. However, adiponectin and leptin levels did not change after CLA supplementation. A subgroup analysis found that CLA supplementation reduced adiponectin and leptin in women. Conclusion Our results demonstrated that CLA supplementation increased CRP levels and decreased TNF-α and IL-6 levels. Therefore, it seems that CLA can have both proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory roles. Systematic review registration https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/, identifier (CRD42022331110).
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Affiliation(s)
- Samira Rastgoo
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition Science and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Research Committee, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ghazaleh Shimi
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition Science and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farideh Shiraseb
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Ashkan Karbasi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Damoon Ashtary-Larky
- Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Mohsen Yousefi
- Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Elnaz Golalipour
- Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Omid Asbaghi
- Research Committee, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Cancer Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Zamani
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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9
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The effects of conjugated linoleic acid supplementation on liver function enzymes and malondialdehyde in adults: A GRADE-assessed systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis. Pharmacol Res 2022; 186:106518. [DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2022.106518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Revised: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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10
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Asbaghi O, Ashtary-larky D, Naseri K, Saadati S, Zamani M, Rezaei Kelishadi M, Nadery M, Doaei S, Haghighat N. The effects of conjugated linoleic acid supplementation on lipid profile in adults: A systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis. Front Nutr 2022; 9:953012. [PMID: 36438733 PMCID: PMC9682566 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.953012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 09/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The findings of trials investigating the effect of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) administration on lipid profile are controversial. This meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) was performed to explore the effects of CLA supplementation on lipid profile. Methods Two authors independently searched electronic databases including PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus until March 2022, in order to find relevant RCTs. The random effects model was used to evaluate the mean and standard deviation. Results In total, 56 RCTs with 73 effect sizes met the inclusion criteria and were eligible for the meta-analysis. CLA supplementation significantly alter triglycerides (TG) (WMD: 1.76; 95% CI: -1.65, 5.19), total cholesterols (TC) (WMD: 0.86; 95% CI: -0.42, 2.26), low-density lipoprotein cholesterols (LDL-C) (WMD: 0.49; 95% CI: -0.75, 2.74), apolipoprotein A (WMD: -3.15; 95% CI: -16.12, 9.81), and apolipoprotein B (WMD: -0.73; 95% CI: -9.87, 8.41) concentrations. However, CLA supplementation significantly increased the density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) (WMD: -0.40; 95% CI: -0.72, -0.07) concentrations. Conclusion CLA supplementation significantly improved HDL-C concentrations, however, increased concentrations of TG, TC, LDL-C, apolipoprotein A, and apolipoprotein B. Systematic review registration https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/#recordDetails, identifier: CRD42022331100.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omid Asbaghi
- Cancer Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Damoon Ashtary-larky
- Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Kaveh Naseri
- Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saeede Saadati
- Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Mohammad Zamani
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahnaz Rezaei Kelishadi
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Maryam Nadery
- Department of Dietetics and Nutrition, Robert Stempel College of Public Health & Social Work, Florida International University, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Saeid Doaei
- Reproductive Health Research Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Al-Zahra Hospital, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Neda Haghighat
- Laparoscopy Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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11
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Morvaridzadeh M, Estêvão MD, Morvaridi M, Belančić A, Mohammadi S, Hassani M, Heshmati J, Ziaie S. The effect of Conjugated Linoleic Acid intake on oxidative stress parameters and antioxidant enzymes: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials. Prostaglandins Other Lipid Mediat 2022; 163:106666. [PMID: 35914666 DOI: 10.1016/j.prostaglandins.2022.106666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Revised: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Abstract
Conjugated Linoleic Acid (CLA) are thought to pose beneficial effects on inflammatory responses and oxidative stress (OS). Thus, the present systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) aimed to assess the net effects of CLA supplementation on various OS parameters and antioxidant enzymes. PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, Web of Science, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials databases were searched for publications on CLA supplementation effects on OS parameters up to March 2021. The data extracted from eligible studies were expressed as standardized mean difference with 95% confidence intervals and then combined into meta-analysis using the random-effects model. Overall, 11 RCTs (enrolling 586 participants) met the inclusion criteria and were included in meta-analysis; however, since those trials evaluated different OS parameters, meta-analysis was carried out considering different sets for each parameter separately. According to our results, CLA supplementation significantly increases 8-iso-PGF2α urinary concentration (SMD: 2; 95% CI: 0.74, 3.27; I2=87.7%). On contrary, the intervention does not seem to change 15-keto-dihydro-PGF2α urinary concentration, nor the serum levels of CAT, SOD, GPx and MDA. Taken all together, CLA supplementation does not appear to have substantial effects on OS markers in general; albeit due to relatively small sample size and high level of heterogeneity between studies, the obtained findings should be interpreted with caution. Further large well-designed RCTs, investigating the impact of CLA and including various groups of patients, are still needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mojgan Morvaridzadeh
- Department of Nutritional Science, School of Nutritional Science and Food Technology, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
| | - M Dulce Estêvão
- Universidade do Algarve, Escola Superior de Saúde, Campus de Gambelas, Faro, Portugal.
| | - Mehrnaz Morvaridi
- Deakin University, Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Science, Geelong, VIC 3220.
| | - Andrej Belančić
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Clinical Hospital Centre Rijeka, Rijeka, Croatia.
| | - Shooka Mohammadi
- eDepartment of Social and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Motahareh Hassani
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Javad Heshmati
- Department of Nutritional Science, School of Nutritional Science and Food Technology, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Somaye Ziaie
- ICU Department, Emam Reza Hospital, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
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12
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Arefhosseini S, Tutunchi H, Nomi-Golzar S, Mahboob S, Pouretedal Z, Ebrahimi-Mameghani M. The effect of hydroxy citric acid supplementation with calorie-restricted diet on metabolic, atherogenic and inflammatory biomarkers in women with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: a randomized controlled clinical trial. Food Funct 2022; 13:5124-5134. [PMID: 35416190 DOI: 10.1039/d1fo03685h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The objective of the present study was to examine the effects of hydroxy citric acid (HCA) extracts from Garcinia cambogia on metabolic, atherogenic and inflammatory biomarkers in obese women with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). The present clinical trial was carried out on 40 overweight/obese women with NAFLD. The patients were randomly allocated into either the "HCA group" (receiving calorie-restricted diet (-700 kcal d-1) accompanied by HCA tablets) and the "control group" (receiving only calorie-restricted diet) for eight weeks. Weight, height, body mass index (BMI), and waist circumference (WC) were measured. Fasting blood sugar (FBS), lipid profile, liver enzymes, as well as inflammatory biomarkers were determined at baseline and after the intervention. Dietary intake was assessed at baseline and at the end of the trial and food intake data were analyzed by the Nutritionist IV software. Results showed a decrease in energy and macronutrient intake in both groups (p < 0.05). Weight, BMI, WC, and hip circumference as well as FBS, triglyceride (TG), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) decreased and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) increased significantly in the HCA group (p < 0.05). There were also significant reductions in WC, FBS, TG, total cholesterol, LDL-C in the control group while inter-group changes in FBS, TG, LDL-C and HDL-C were statistically significant. Although atherogenic indices reduced significantly in both groups, inter-group comparison revealed that the HCA group showed greater decrease in the TG/HDL-C ratio than the control group (p = 0.004). Other atherogenic indices including TC/HDL-C and non-HDL-C/HDL-C ratio showed greater reduction in the control versus HCA group (p < 0.01). Some inflammatory factors were reduced in the HCA group; however, no significant within- or between-group differences were revealed post-intervention. Our results indicated that HCA supplementation plus calorie-restricted diet could improve some metabolic factors without any significant effect on inflammation in patients with NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Arefhosseini
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Nutrition & Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Helda Tutunchi
- Endocrine Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Solmaz Nomi-Golzar
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Nutrition & Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Soltanali Mahboob
- Nutrition Research Center, Department of Biochemistry and Diet Therapy, Faculty of Nutrition & Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Zohre Pouretedal
- Standard Research Institute, Food Technology and Agricultural Products Research Center, Microbiology and Biology Group, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehrangiz Ebrahimi-Mameghani
- Nutrition Research Center, Department of Biochemistry and Diet Therapy, Faculty of Nutrition & Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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13
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Suksatan W, Putera HD, Abdulkadhim AH, Hammid AT, Ismailov JA, Jannat B, Rezayat P, Izadi F. The effect of conjugated linoleic acid supplementation on oxidative stress markers: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Clin Nutr ESPEN 2022; 49:121-128. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2022.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Revised: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 04/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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14
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Xu S, Kong F, Sun Z, Xi Y, Qi F, Sun J. Hepatoprotective effect and metabonomics studies of radix gentianae in rats with acute liver injury. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2021; 59:1172-1180. [PMID: 34465274 PMCID: PMC8409929 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2021.1969414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Revised: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT As a well-known traditional Chinese medicine for protecting the liver, the mechanism of Radix Gentianae (RG) remains unclear. OBJECTIVE The hepatoprotective effect and metabonomics of RG were studied to explore the molecular and metabolic mechanisms of RG protecting the liver. MATERIALS AND METHODS Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into control and model group (n = 10, orally given distilled water), intervention group (4 subgroups, n = 10, prophylactically and orally given 0.63, 2.5 and 5.6 g/kg RG and 0.2 g/kg bifendatatum for 7 d). On day 7 of the intervention, all rats except the control were injected intraperitoneally with 2.5% carbon tetrachloride vegetable oil solution (1.5 mL/kg) to induce liver injury. After 24 h of carbon tetrachloride injection, rat serum and liver tissue were collected for determining AST, ALT, TNF-α, MCP-1, IL-6, SOD, MDA, GSH, and GSH-PX. Rat serum was used for analysing endogenous metabolism by UPLC-Q-TOF-MS. RESULTS Different doses of RG can significantly decrease the levels of AST, ALT, TNF-α, MCP-1, IL-6 and MDA, and increase the levels of SOD, GSH, and GSH-PX in rats with liver injury (p < 0.05; TNF-α, and IL-6, p < 0.05 only at 5.6 g/kg dose). Eight biomarkers of liver injury were obtained in serum metabonomics, involving five significant metabolic pathways. RG can improve steroid biosynthesis, linoleic acid metabolism, porphyrin and chlorophyll metabolism, and fatty acid biosynthesis. CONCLUSION RG demonstrated a good ability to protect the liver and improving endogenous metabolism in rats with liver injury. This can help us understand the mechanism of RG and more clinical verifications were inspired.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shizhao Xu
- Dalian Municipal Central Hospital Affiliated of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Fanli Kong
- Dalian Municipal Central Hospital Affiliated of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Zhengwu Sun
- Dalian Municipal Central Hospital Affiliated of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Yalin Xi
- Dalian Municipal Central Hospital Affiliated of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Fei Qi
- Dalian Municipal Central Hospital Affiliated of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Jianzhi Sun
- Dalian Municipal Central Hospital Affiliated of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
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15
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Dietary conjugated linoleic acid and medium-chain triglycerides for obesity management. J Biosci 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s12038-020-00133-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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16
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Komolafe O, Buzzetti E, Linden A, Best LM, Madden AM, Roberts D, Chase TJ, Fritche D, Freeman SC, Cooper NJ, Sutton AJ, Milne EJ, Wright K, Pavlov CS, Davidson BR, Tsochatzis E, Gurusamy KS. Nutritional supplementation for nonalcohol-related fatty liver disease: a network meta-analysis. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2021; 7:CD013157. [PMID: 34280304 PMCID: PMC8406904 DOI: 10.1002/14651858.cd013157.pub2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The prevalence of non-alcohol-related fatty liver disease (NAFLD) varies between 19% and 33% in different populations. NAFLD decreases life expectancy and increases risks of liver cirrhosis, hepatocellular carcinoma, and the requirement for liver transplantation. Uncertainty surrounds relative benefits and harms of various nutritional supplements in NAFLD. Currently no nutritional supplement is recommended for people with NAFLD. OBJECTIVES • To assess the benefits and harms of different nutritional supplements for treatment of NAFLD through a network meta-analysis • To generate rankings of different nutritional supplements according to their safety and efficacy SEARCH METHODS: We searched the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, MEDLINE, Embase, Science Citation Index Expanded, Conference Proceedings Citation Index-Science, the World Health Organization International Clinical Trials Registry Platform, and trials registers until February 2021 to identify randomised clinical trials in people with NAFLD. SELECTION CRITERIA We included only randomised clinical trials (irrespective of language, blinding, or status) for people with NAFLD, irrespective of method of diagnosis, age and diabetic status of participants, or presence of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). We excluded randomised clinical trials in which participants had previously undergone liver transplantation. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS We performed a network meta-analysis with OpenBUGS using Bayesian methods whenever possible and calculated differences in treatments using hazard ratios (HRs), odds ratios (ORs), and rate ratios with 95% credible intervals (CrIs) based on an available-case analysis, according to National Institute of Health and Care Excellence Decision Support Unit guidance. MAIN RESULTS We included in the review a total of 202 randomised clinical trials (14,200 participants). Nineteen trials were at low risk of bias. A total of 32 different interventions were compared in these trials. A total of 115 trials (7732 participants) were included in one or more comparisons. The remaining trials did not report any of the outcomes of interest for this review. Follow-up ranged from 1 month to 28 months. The follow-up period in trials that reported clinical outcomes was 2 months to 28 months. During this follow-up period, clinical events related to NAFLD such as mortality, liver cirrhosis, liver decompensation, liver transplantation, hepatocellular carcinoma, and liver-related mortality were sparse. We did not calculate effect estimates for mortality because of sparse data (zero events for at least one of the groups in the trial). None of the trials reported that they measured overall health-related quality of life using a validated scale. The evidence is very uncertain about effects of interventions on serious adverse events (number of people or number of events). We are very uncertain about effects on adverse events of most of the supplements that we investigated, as the evidence is of very low certainty. However, people taking PUFA (polyunsaturated fatty acid) may be more likely to experience an adverse event than those not receiving an active intervention (network meta-analysis results: OR 4.44, 95% CrI 2.40 to 8.48; low-certainty evidence; 4 trials, 203 participants; direct evidence: OR 4.43, 95% CrI 2.43 to 8.42). People who take other supplements (a category that includes nutritional supplements other than vitamins, fatty acids, phospholipids, and antioxidants) had higher numbers of adverse events than those not receiving an active intervention (network meta-analysis: rate ratio 1.73, 95% CrI 1.26 to 2.41; 6 trials, 291 participants; direct evidence: rate ratio 1.72, 95% CrI 1.25 to 2.40; low-certainty evidence). Data were sparse (zero events in all groups in the trial) for liver transplantation, liver decompensation, and hepatocellular carcinoma. So, we did not perform formal analysis for these outcomes. The evidence is very uncertain about effects of other antioxidants (antioxidants other than vitamins) compared to no active intervention on liver cirrhosis (HR 1.68, 95% CrI 0.23 to 15.10; 1 trial, 99 participants; very low-certainty evidence). The evidence is very uncertain about effects of interventions in any of the remaining comparisons, or data were sparse (with zero events in at least one of the groups), precluding formal calculations of effect estimates. Data were probably because of the very short follow-up period (2 months to 28 months). It takes follow-up of 8 to 28 years to detect differences in mortality between people with NAFLD and the general population. Therefore, it is unlikely that differences in clinical outcomes are noted in trials providing less than 5 to 10 years of follow-up. AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS The evidence indicates considerable uncertainty about effects of nutritional supplementation compared to no additional intervention on all clinical outcomes for people with non-alcohol-related fatty liver disease. Accordingly, high-quality randomised comparative clinical trials with adequate follow-up are needed. We propose registry-based randomised clinical trials or cohort multiple randomised clinical trials (study design in which multiple interventions are trialed within large longitudinal cohorts of patients to gain efficiencies and align trials more closely to standard clinical practice) comparing interventions such as vitamin E, prebiotics/probiotics/synbiotics, PUFAs, and no nutritional supplementation. The reason for the choice of interventions is the impact of these interventions on indirect outcomes, which may translate to clinical benefit. Outcomes in such trials should be mortality, health-related quality of life, decompensated liver cirrhosis, liver transplantation, and resource utilisation measures including costs of intervention and decreased healthcare utilisation after minimum follow-up of 8 years (to find meaningful differences in clinically important outcomes).
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Elena Buzzetti
- Sheila Sherlock Liver Centre, Royal Free Hospital and the UCL Institute of Liver and Digestive Health, London, UK
| | - Audrey Linden
- Division of Surgery and Interventional Science, University College London, London, UK
| | - Lawrence Mj Best
- Division of Surgery and Interventional Science, University College London, London, UK
| | - Angela M Madden
- School of Life and Medical Sciences, University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield, UK
| | - Danielle Roberts
- Division of Surgery and Interventional Science, University College London, London, UK
| | - Thomas Jg Chase
- Department of General Surgery, Homerton University Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | | | - Suzanne C Freeman
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - Nicola J Cooper
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - Alex J Sutton
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | | | - Kathy Wright
- Cochrane Hepato-Biliary Group, Copenhagen Trial Unit, Centre for Clinical Intervention Research, The Capital Region of Denmark, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Chavdar S Pavlov
- Department of Therapy, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Brian R Davidson
- Division of Surgery and Interventional Science, University College London, London, UK
| | - Emmanuel Tsochatzis
- Sheila Sherlock Liver Centre, Royal Free Hospital and the UCL Institute of Liver and Digestive Health, London, UK
| | - Kurinchi Selvan Gurusamy
- Division of Surgery and Interventional Science, University College London, London, UK
- Department of Therapy, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation
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Quantitative Profiling of Oxylipin Reveals the Mechanism of Pien-Tze-Huang on Alcoholic Liver Disease. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2021; 2021:9931542. [PMID: 34158817 PMCID: PMC8187045 DOI: 10.1155/2021/9931542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2021] [Revised: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Alcoholic liver disease (ALD) is a liver disease caused by long-term alcohol consumption. ROS-mediated oxidative stress is the leading cause of ALD. Pien-Tze-Huang (PZH), a traditional formula, is famous in China. This study was designed to evaluate the effects and explore the potential mechanisms of PZH in ALD. Forty mice were randomly divided into five groups: control group (normal diet + vehicle), model group (ethanol diet + vehicle), PZH-L group (ethanol diet + PZH (0.125 g/kg)), PZH-M group (ethanol diet + PZH (0.25 g/kg)), and PZH-H group (ethanol diet + PZH (0.5 g/kg)). The mice were sacrificed, and their liver and blood samples were preserved. Liver steatosis, triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol, serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) levels were assayed. Malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX), and total superoxide dismutase were identified using commercial kits. Oxylipins were profiled, and the data were analyzed. The AMPK/ACC/CPT1A pathway was identified using real-time polymerase chain reaction and western blotting. The PZH-H intervention significantly alleviated hepatic steatosis and injury and reduced the levels of liver TG and serum ALT and AST. In addition, MDA levels were markedly reduced, and GSH-PX activity significantly increased after PZH-H intervention. Finally, PZH-H increased the levels of 17-HETE, 15-HEPE, 9-HOTrE, 13-HOTrE, and 5,6-dihydroxy-8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z-eicosatetraenoic acid, and reduced PGE2 levels. PZH-H intervention also promoted the phosphorylation of AMPK and ACC, and the expression of CPT1A. In conclusion, PZH reduced oxidative stress and alleviated hepatic steatosis and injury. The mechanism was correlated with the oxylipin metabolites/AMPK/ACC/CPT1A axis.
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Cammisotto V, Nocella C, Bartimoccia S, Sanguigni V, Francomano D, Sciarretta S, Pastori D, Peruzzi M, Cavarretta E, D’Amico A, Castellani V, Frati G, Carnevale R, Group SM. The Role of Antioxidants Supplementation in Clinical Practice: Focus on Cardiovascular Risk Factors. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:146. [PMID: 33498338 PMCID: PMC7909411 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10020146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2020] [Revised: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress may be defined as an imbalance between reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the antioxidant system to counteract or detoxify these potentially damaging molecules. This phenomenon is a common feature of many human disorders, such as cardiovascular disease. Many of the risk factors, including smoking, hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, diabetes, and obesity, are associated with an increased risk of developing cardiovascular disease, involving an elevated oxidative stress burden (either due to enhanced ROS production or decreased antioxidant protection). There are many therapeutic options to treat oxidative stress-associated cardiovascular diseases. Numerous studies have focused on the utility of antioxidant supplementation. However, whether antioxidant supplementation has any preventive and/or therapeutic value in cardiovascular pathology is still a matter of debate. In this review, we provide a detailed description of oxidative stress biomarkers in several cardiovascular risk factors. We also discuss the clinical implications of the supplementation with several classes of antioxidants, and their potential role for protecting against cardiovascular risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vittoria Cammisotto
- Department of General Surgery and Surgical Specialty Paride Stefanini, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Cristina Nocella
- Department of Clinical Internal, Anesthesiological and Cardiovascular Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy; (S.B.); (D.P.); (V.C.)
| | - Simona Bartimoccia
- Department of Clinical Internal, Anesthesiological and Cardiovascular Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy; (S.B.); (D.P.); (V.C.)
| | - Valerio Sanguigni
- Unit of Internal Medicine and Endocrinology, Madonna delle Grazie Hospital, Velletri, 00049 Rome, Italy; (V.S.); (D.F.)
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Davide Francomano
- Unit of Internal Medicine and Endocrinology, Madonna delle Grazie Hospital, Velletri, 00049 Rome, Italy; (V.S.); (D.F.)
| | - Sebastiano Sciarretta
- Department of Medical-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome, 04100 Latina, Italy; (S.S.); (M.P.); (E.C.); (G.F.)
- Department of AngioCardioNeurology, IRCCS Neuromed, 86077 Pozzilli, Italy
| | - Daniele Pastori
- Department of Clinical Internal, Anesthesiological and Cardiovascular Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy; (S.B.); (D.P.); (V.C.)
| | - Mariangela Peruzzi
- Department of Medical-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome, 04100 Latina, Italy; (S.S.); (M.P.); (E.C.); (G.F.)
- Mediterranea, Cardiocentro, 80122 Napoli, Italy
| | - Elena Cavarretta
- Department of Medical-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome, 04100 Latina, Italy; (S.S.); (M.P.); (E.C.); (G.F.)
- Mediterranea, Cardiocentro, 80122 Napoli, Italy
| | - Alessandra D’Amico
- Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome “Foro Italico”, 00135 Rome, Italy;
| | - Valentina Castellani
- Department of Clinical Internal, Anesthesiological and Cardiovascular Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy; (S.B.); (D.P.); (V.C.)
| | - Giacomo Frati
- Department of Medical-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome, 04100 Latina, Italy; (S.S.); (M.P.); (E.C.); (G.F.)
- Department of AngioCardioNeurology, IRCCS Neuromed, 86077 Pozzilli, Italy
| | - Roberto Carnevale
- Department of Medical-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome, 04100 Latina, Italy; (S.S.); (M.P.); (E.C.); (G.F.)
- Mediterranea, Cardiocentro, 80122 Napoli, Italy
| | - SMiLe Group
- Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, Sapienza University of Rome, 04100 Latina, Italy;
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19
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Jalili R, Somi MH, Hosseinifard H, Salehnia F, Ghojazadeh M, Makhdami N, Shirmohammadi M. The Evaluation of Effective Drugs for the Treatment of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis. Adv Pharm Bull 2020; 10:542-555. [PMID: 33072533 PMCID: PMC7539311 DOI: 10.34172/apb.2020.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2019] [Revised: 01/07/2020] [Accepted: 01/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and steatohepatitis are two forms of fatty liver disease with benign and malignant nature, respectively. These two conditions can cause an increased risk of liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Given the importance and high prevalence of NAFLD, it is necessary to investigate the results of different studies in related scope to provide a clarity guarantee of effectiveness. Therefore, this systematic review and meta-analysis aim to study the efficacy of various medications used in the treatment of NAFLD. Methods: A systematic search of medical databases identified 1963 articles. After exclusion of duplicated articles and those which did not meet our inclusion criteria, eta-analysis was performed on 84 articles. Serum levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate amino transferase (AST) were set as primary outcomes and body mass index (BMI), hepatic steatosis, and NAFLD activity score (NAS) were determined as secondary outcomes. Results: Based on the P-score of the therapeutic effects on the non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), we observed the highest efficacy for atorvastatin, tryptophan, orlistat, omega-3 and obeticholic acid for reduction of ALT, AST, BMI, steatosis and NAS respectively. Conclusion: This meta-analysis showed that atorvastatin. life-style modification, weight loss, and BMI reduction had a remarkable effect on NAFLD-patients by decreasing aminotransferases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramin Jalili
- Department of Internal Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hossein Somi
- Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Hossein Hosseinifard
- Research Center for Evidence Based Medicine (RCEBM), Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Salehnia
- Research Center for Evidence Based Medicine (RCEBM), Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Morteza Ghojazadeh
- Research Center for Evidence Based Medicine (RCEBM), Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Masoud Shirmohammadi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Liver, and Gastrointestinal Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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Liu Y, Ma S, Cai Q. Fecal metabonomics study of raw and bran-fried Atractylodis Rhizoma in spleen-deficiency rats. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2020; 189:113416. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2020.113416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Revised: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 06/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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Hegazy M, Elsayed NM, Ali HM, Hassan HG, Rashed L. Diabetes Mellitus, Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease, and Conjugated Linoleic Acid (Omega 6): What Is the Link? J Diabetes Res 2019; 2019:5267025. [PMID: 31089474 PMCID: PMC6476070 DOI: 10.1155/2019/5267025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2018] [Revised: 03/05/2019] [Accepted: 03/18/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Type 2 DM and obesity are the coming epidemics and their association with NAFLD is well established; essential fatty acids are vital for body health yet the body cannot make them; 2 essential fatty acids are especially important: linoleic (omega-6) and alpha-linoleic (omega-3) acids; they can be considered as "bioactive lipids" and serve as functional foods. METHODS 50 type 2 Egyptian diabetic patients controlled on oral hypoglycemic drugs together with 20 age- and sex-matched healthy participants were enrolled in the study; all were subjected to complete history taking, BMI, fasting plasma glucose, HOMA-IR, ALT, AST, GGT, urea and creatinine, total lipid profile, hepatitis markers including hepatitis B surface antigen and hepatitis C virus antibodies, conjugated linoleic fatty acid "CLA," and abdominal ultrasound for grading of NAFLD. RESULTS Our study in Egyptian diabetics with NAFLD revealed a low level of serum CLA compared to healthy control; such deficiency was more marked with advanced grades of NAFLD; lowest levels were observed in those with severe steatosis (NASH) with definite association between CLA and obesity. CONCLUSION Insulin resistance is the main link between NAFLD, diabetes, and obesity. Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) has a role in fat deposition in the liver and in development and improvement of insulin resistance. Fatty food had a documented role in the pathogenesis of obesity and diabetes but it can also be the cure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mona Hegazy
- Internal Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Egypt
| | - Naglaa M. Elsayed
- Internal Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Egypt
| | - Hala M. Ali
- Internal Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Egypt
| | - Hanan G. Hassan
- Internal Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Egypt
| | - Laila Rashed
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Egypt
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Kuroda R, Higuchi H, Yoshida K, Yonejima Y, Hisa K, Utsuyama M, Osawa K, Hirokawa K. Effects of chocolate containing Leuconostoc mesenteroides strain NTM048 on immune function: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. IMMUNITY & AGEING 2018; 15:29. [PMID: 30479641 PMCID: PMC6247524 DOI: 10.1186/s12979-018-0139-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2018] [Accepted: 11/08/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Background Previous reports showed that oral administration of Leuconostoc mesenteroides strain NTM048 increases IgA levels and CD4+ T cell population in feces and mice, respectively, as revealed by flow cytometric analysis of splenocytes. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of chocolate supplemented with L. mesenteroides strain NTM048 (> 1.00 × 109 CFU/day, NTM048) on the immune parameters of healthy subjects, using a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blinded study design. Methods Participants (mean age: 46.3 years) ingested 28 g of test food daily, at a time of their own choice, for 4 weeks. The immunological parameters of all participants were evaluated two times (pre- and post- ingestion). At the end of the study, various immunological parameters of the participants were measured and scoring of immunological vigor (SIV) was performed using a comprehensive algorithm. Results Ingestion of NTM048-supplemented chocolate significantly improved SIV in the NTM048 group (18.6 ± 1.6) compared to that in the placebo group (17.8 ± 2.0) after 4 weeks (p = 0.049). Several immunological parameters (CD8+T cells, CD8+CD28+ T cells, and memory T cells) were significantly elevated in the NTM048 group as compared to the placebo group (all p < 0.05). In addition, T cell proliferation index at post-ingestion significantly increased compared with that at pre-ingestion in the NTM048 (p = 0.017) and placebo groups (p = 0.037), although no differences were observed between the two groups. Conclusion Our results suggest that ingestion of chocolate supplemented with NTM048 is effective against the age-related decline in T cell-related immune functions. Trial registration UMIN Clinical Trials Registry UMIN000021989. Registered 19 April 2016, https://upload.umin.ac.jp/cgi-open-bin/ctr_e/ctr_view.cgi?recptno=R000025321
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Affiliation(s)
- Reiko Kuroda
- Central Laboratory, LOTTE Co., Ltd., 1-1, Numakage 3-chome, Minami-ku, Saitama, 336-8601 Japan
| | - Hiroaki Higuchi
- Central Laboratory, LOTTE Co., Ltd., 1-1, Numakage 3-chome, Minami-ku, Saitama, 336-8601 Japan
| | - Keishirou Yoshida
- Central Laboratory, LOTTE Co., Ltd., 1-1, Numakage 3-chome, Minami-ku, Saitama, 336-8601 Japan
| | - Yasunori Yonejima
- Nitto Pharmaceutical Industries, Ltd., 35-3, Minamibiraki, Kamiueno-cho, Muko, Kyoto, 617-0006 Japan
| | - Keiko Hisa
- Nitto Pharmaceutical Industries, Ltd., 35-3, Minamibiraki, Kamiueno-cho, Muko, Kyoto, 617-0006 Japan
| | - Masanori Utsuyama
- 3Institute for Health and Life Science, Tokyo Medical & Dental University, 3-10, Kandasurugadai 10-chome, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 101-0062 Japan.,4Department of Comprehensive Pathology, Tokyo Medical & Dental University, 1-5-45, Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8510 Japan
| | - Kenji Osawa
- Central Laboratory, LOTTE Co., Ltd., 1-1, Numakage 3-chome, Minami-ku, Saitama, 336-8601 Japan
| | - Katsuiku Hirokawa
- 3Institute for Health and Life Science, Tokyo Medical & Dental University, 3-10, Kandasurugadai 10-chome, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 101-0062 Japan.,4Department of Comprehensive Pathology, Tokyo Medical & Dental University, 1-5-45, Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8510 Japan
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Sridharan K, Sivaramakrishnan G, Sequeira RP, Elamin A. Pharmacological interventions for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: a systematic review and network meta-analysis. Postgrad Med J 2018; 94:556-565. [PMID: 30341231 DOI: 10.1136/postgradmedj-2018-135967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2018] [Revised: 08/28/2018] [Accepted: 09/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
AIM Several drugs have been used for treating non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). The present study is a network meta-analysis of such drugs. DESIGN, SETTING AND PATIENTS Randomised clinical trials comparing drug interventions in patients with NAFLD were analysed. OR and weighted mean difference (95 % CI) were the effect estimates for categorical and numerical outcomes, respectively. Random-effects model was used to generate pooled estimates. Surface under the cumulative ranking curve was used to rank the treatments. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Proportion of responders was the primary outcome measure and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis scores, liver enzymes, lipid profile, body mass index, homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance, intrahepatic fat and adverse events were the key secondary outcomes. RESULTS 116 studies were included in the systematic review and 106 in the meta-analysis. Elafibranor, gemfibrozil, metadoxine, obeticholic acid, pentoxifylline, pioglitazone, probiotics, telmisartan, vildagliptin and vitamin E significantly increased the response rate than standard of care. Various other drugs were observed to modify the secondary outcomes favourably. Probiotics was found with a better response in children; and elafibranor, obeticholic acid, pentoxifylline and pioglitazone in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. The quality of evidence observed was either low or very low. CONCLUSION In patients with NAFLD, several drugs have been shown to have variable therapeutic benefit. However, the estimates and the inferences should be considered with extreme caution as it might change with the advent of future head-to-head clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kannan Sridharan
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Arabian Gulf University, Manama, Bahrain
| | - Gowri Sivaramakrishnan
- School of Oral Health, College of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Fiji National University, Suva, Fiji
| | - Reginald Paul Sequeira
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Arabian Gulf University, Manama, Bahrain
| | - Abdelaziz Elamin
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Arabian Gulf University, Manama, Bahrain
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Suárez M, Boqué N, Del Bas JM, Mayneris-Perxachs J, Arola L, Caimari A. Mediterranean Diet and Multi-Ingredient-Based Interventions for the Management of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. Nutrients 2017; 9:E1052. [PMID: 28937599 PMCID: PMC5691669 DOI: 10.3390/nu9101052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2017] [Revised: 09/01/2017] [Accepted: 09/11/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) comprises a wide spectrum of hepatic disorders, from simple steatosis to hepatic necro-inflammation leading to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). Although the prevalence of these multifactorial pathologies is continuously increasing in the population, there is still not an established methodology for their treatment other than weight loss and a change in lifestyle habits, such as a hypocaloric diet and physical exercise. In this framework, there is increasing evidence that several food bioactives and dietary patterns are effective for reversing and preventing the onset of these pathologies. Some studies have claimed that better responses are obtained when treatments are performed under a multifaceted approach, using different bioactive compounds that act against complementary targets. Thus, in this work, current strategies for treating NAFLD and NASH based on multi-ingredient-based supplements or the Mediterranean diet, a dietary pattern rich in bioactive compounds, are reviewed. Furthermore, the usefulness of omics techniques to design effective multi-ingredient nutritional interventions and to predict and monitor their response against these disorders is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Suárez
- Nutrigenomics Research Group, Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Universitat Rovira i Virgili (URV), Campus Sescelades, Tarragona 43007, Spain.
| | - Noemí Boqué
- Technological Unit of Nutrition and Health, EURECAT-Technology Centre of Catalonia, Avinguda Universitat 1, Reus 43204, Spain.
| | - Josep M Del Bas
- Technological Unit of Nutrition and Health, EURECAT-Technology Centre of Catalonia, Avinguda Universitat 1, Reus 43204, Spain.
| | - Jordi Mayneris-Perxachs
- Technological Unit of Nutrition and Health, EURECAT-Technology Centre of Catalonia, Avinguda Universitat 1, Reus 43204, Spain.
| | - Lluís Arola
- Nutrigenomics Research Group, Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Universitat Rovira i Virgili (URV), Campus Sescelades, Tarragona 43007, Spain.
- Technological Unit of Nutrition and Health, EURECAT-Technology Centre of Catalonia, Avinguda Universitat 1, Reus 43204, Spain.
| | - Antoni Caimari
- Technological Unit of Nutrition and Health, EURECAT-Technology Centre of Catalonia, Avinguda Universitat 1, Reus 43204, Spain.
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Kochlik B, Grune T, Weber D. New findings of oxidative stress biomarkers in nutritional research. Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care 2017; 20:349-359. [PMID: 28562491 DOI: 10.1097/mco.0000000000000388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The aim of this article is to present a brief overview of recently published articles assessing oxidative stress markers in nutritional studies. RECENT FINDINGS Intervention and observational studies were carried out in both, healthy subjects and patients and describe the association of foodstuffs as well as isolated nutrients with biomarkers of oxidative stress. The results from human intervention studies on healthy participants and patients are controversial. Long-term interventions (>8 weeks) seem to be more effective than short-term or single-dose interventions. Results are difficult to compare because not only the methods used, also the assessed biomarkers and outcomes were very diverse. In addition, studies vary in the compounds and doses used, duration, participants and so on. Different biomarkers (damaged molecules together with antioxidants from different compartments) should be assessed to evaluate the true 'redox-status' of an individual and the impact of a nutritional intervention. SUMMARY Both observational and interventional studies performed in healthy participants and patients show possible beneficial effects of nutrients and foodstuffs by improving oxidative stress markers and antioxidant enzyme activities. Biomarkers should be standardized to allow better comparison of results of antioxidant intervention studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bastian Kochlik
- aDepartment of Molecular Toxicology, German Institute of Human Nutrition, Potsdam-Rehbruecke (DIfE) bNutriAct-Competence Cluster Nutrition Research Berlin-Potsdam, Nuthetal cGerman Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Munich dGerman Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Berlin, Germany *Bastian Kochlik and Daniela Weber contributed equally to the article
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