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Sytu MRC, Cho DH, Hahm JI. Self-Assembled Block Copolymers as a Facile Pathway to Create Functional Nanobiosensor and Nanobiomaterial Surfaces. Polymers (Basel) 2024; 16:1267. [PMID: 38732737 PMCID: PMC11085100 DOI: 10.3390/polym16091267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2024] [Revised: 04/24/2024] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Block copolymer (BCP) surfaces permit an exquisite level of nanoscale control in biomolecular assemblies solely based on self-assembly. Owing to this, BCP-based biomolecular assembly represents a much-needed, new paradigm for creating nanobiosensors and nanobiomaterials without the need for costly and time-consuming fabrication steps. Research endeavors in the BCP nanobiotechnology field have led to stimulating results that can promote our current understanding of biomolecular interactions at a solid interface to the never-explored size regimes comparable to individual biomolecules. Encouraging research outcomes have also been reported for the stability and activity of biomolecules bound on BCP thin film surfaces. A wide range of single and multicomponent biomolecules and BCP systems has been assessed to substantiate the potential utility in practical applications as next-generation nanobiosensors, nanobiodevices, and biomaterials. To this end, this Review highlights pioneering research efforts made in the BCP nanobiotechnology area. The discussions will be focused on those works particularly pertaining to nanoscale surface assembly of functional biomolecules, biomolecular interaction properties unique to nanoscale polymer interfaces, functionality of nanoscale surface-bound biomolecules, and specific examples in biosensing. Systems involving the incorporation of biomolecules as one of the blocks in BCPs, i.e., DNA-BCP hybrids, protein-BCP conjugates, and isolated BCP micelles of bioligand carriers used in drug delivery, are outside of the scope of this Review. Looking ahead, there awaits plenty of exciting research opportunities to advance the research field of BCP nanobiotechnology by capitalizing on the fundamental groundwork laid so far for the biomolecular interactions on BCP surfaces. In order to better guide the path forward, key fundamental questions yet to be addressed by the field are identified. In addition, future research directions of BCP nanobiotechnology are contemplated in the concluding section of this Review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marion Ryan C. Sytu
- Department of Chemistry, Georgetown University, 37th & O Sts. NW., Washington, DC 20057, USA
| | - David H. Cho
- National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health, 9000 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA;
| | - Jong-in Hahm
- Department of Chemistry, Georgetown University, 37th & O Sts. NW., Washington, DC 20057, USA
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2
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Singh A, Lofts A, Krishnan R, Campea M, Chen L, Wan Y, Hoare T. The effect of comb length on the in vitro and in vivo properties of self-assembled poly(oligoethylene glycol methacrylate)-based block copolymer nanoparticles. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2024; 6:2487-2498. [PMID: 38694467 PMCID: PMC11059560 DOI: 10.1039/d3na01156a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/04/2024]
Abstract
Comb copolymer analogues of poly(lactic acid)-polyethylene glycol block copolymers (PLA-b-PEG) offer potential to overcome the inherent chemistry and stability limitations of their linear block copolymer counterparts. Herein, we examine the differences between P(L)LA10K-b-PEG10K and linear-comb copolymer analogues thereof in which the linear PEG block is replaced by poly(oligo(ethylene glycol) methacrylate) (POEGMA) blocks with different side chain (comb) lengths but the same overall molecular weight. P(L)LA10K-b-POEGMA47510K and P(L)LA10K-b-POEGMA200010K block copolymers were synthesized via activators regenerated by electron transfer atom transfer radical polymerization (ARGET ATRP) and fabricated into self-assembled nanoparticles using flash nanoprecipitation via confined impinging jet mixing. Linear-comb copolymer analogues based on PLA-b-POEGMA yielded smaller but still well-controlled nanoparticle sizes (88 ± 2 nm and 114 ± 1 nm respectively compared to 159 ± 2 nm for P(L)LA10K-b-PEG10K nanoparticles) that exhibited improved colloidal stability relative to linear copolymer-based nanoparticles over a 15 day incubation period while maintaining comparably high cytocompatibility, although the comb copolymer analogues had somewhat lower loading capacity for doxorubicin hydrochloride. Cell spheroid studies showed that the linear-comb copolymers promoted enhanced tumor transport and thus cell killing compared to conventional linear block copolymers. In vivo studies showed all NP types could passively accumulate within implanted CT26 tumors but with different accumulation profiles, with P(L)LA10K-b-POEGMA200010K NPs showing continuous accumulation throughout the full 24 h monitoring period whereas tumor accumulation of P(L)LA10K-b-POEGMA47510K NPs was significant only between 8 h and 24 h. Overall, the linear-comb copolymer analogues exhibited superior stability, biodistribution, spheroid penetration, and inherent tunability over linear NP counterparts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Singh
- Department of Chemical Engineering, McMaster University 1280 Main St. W. Hamilton Ontario L8S 4L7 Canada
| | - Andrew Lofts
- Department of Chemical Engineering, McMaster University 1280 Main St. W. Hamilton Ontario L8S 4L7 Canada
| | - Ramya Krishnan
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University 1280 Main St. W. Hamilton Ontario L8S 4L7 Canada
| | - Matthew Campea
- Department of Chemical Engineering, McMaster University 1280 Main St. W. Hamilton Ontario L8S 4L7 Canada
| | - Lan Chen
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University 1280 Main St. W. Hamilton Ontario L8S 4L7 Canada
| | - Yonghong Wan
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University 1280 Main St. W. Hamilton Ontario L8S 4L7 Canada
| | - Todd Hoare
- Department of Chemical Engineering, McMaster University 1280 Main St. W. Hamilton Ontario L8S 4L7 Canada
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3
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Rikken RSM, Kleuskens S, Abdelmohsen LKEA, Engelkamp H, Nolte RJM, Maan JC, van Hest JCM, Wilson DA, Christianen PCM. The average magnetic anisotropy of polystyrene in polymersomes self-assembled from poly(ethylene glycol)- b-polystyrene. SOFT MATTER 2024; 20:730-737. [PMID: 38117161 PMCID: PMC10806999 DOI: 10.1039/d3sm01333b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
Using the diamagnetic anisotropy of polymers for the characterization of polymers and polymer aggregates is a relatively new approach in the field of soft-matter and polymer research. So far, a good and thorough quantitative description of these diamagnetic properties has been lacking. Using a simple equation that links the magnetic properties of an average polymer repeating unit to those of the polymer vesicle of any shape, we measured, using magnetic birefringence, the average diamagnetic anisotropy of a polystyrene (PS) repeating unit, ΔχPS, inside a poly(ethylene glycol)-polystyrene (PEG-PS) polymersome membrane as a function of the PS-length and as a function of the preparation method. All obtained values of ΔχPS have a negative sign which results in polymers tending to align perpendicular to an applied magnetic field. Combined, the same order of magnitude of ΔχPS (10-12 m3 mol-1) for all polymersome shapes proves that the individual polymers are organized similarly regardless of the PS length and polymersome shape. Furthermore, the value found is only a fraction (∼1%) of what it can maximally be due to the random coiling of the polymers. We, therefore, predict that further ordering of the polymers within the membrane could lead to similar responses at much lower magnetic fields, possibly obtainable with permanent magnets, which would be highly advantageous for practical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roger S M Rikken
- High Field Magnet Laboratory (HFML - EMFL), Radboud University, Toernooiveld 7, 6525 ED Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
- Institute of Molecules and Materials, Radboud University, Heyendaalseweg 135, 6525 AJ Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Sandra Kleuskens
- High Field Magnet Laboratory (HFML - EMFL), Radboud University, Toernooiveld 7, 6525 ED Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
- Institute of Molecules and Materials, Radboud University, Heyendaalseweg 135, 6525 AJ Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Loai K E A Abdelmohsen
- Institute of Molecules and Materials, Radboud University, Heyendaalseweg 135, 6525 AJ Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Hans Engelkamp
- High Field Magnet Laboratory (HFML - EMFL), Radboud University, Toernooiveld 7, 6525 ED Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
- Institute of Molecules and Materials, Radboud University, Heyendaalseweg 135, 6525 AJ Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Roeland J M Nolte
- Institute of Molecules and Materials, Radboud University, Heyendaalseweg 135, 6525 AJ Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Jan C Maan
- High Field Magnet Laboratory (HFML - EMFL), Radboud University, Toernooiveld 7, 6525 ED Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
- Institute of Molecules and Materials, Radboud University, Heyendaalseweg 135, 6525 AJ Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Jan C M van Hest
- Institute of Molecules and Materials, Radboud University, Heyendaalseweg 135, 6525 AJ Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Daniela A Wilson
- Institute of Molecules and Materials, Radboud University, Heyendaalseweg 135, 6525 AJ Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Peter C M Christianen
- High Field Magnet Laboratory (HFML - EMFL), Radboud University, Toernooiveld 7, 6525 ED Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
- Institute of Molecules and Materials, Radboud University, Heyendaalseweg 135, 6525 AJ Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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4
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Velasco-Garcia L, Casadevall C. Bioinspired photocatalytic systems towards compartmentalized artificial photosynthesis. Commun Chem 2023; 6:263. [PMID: 38049562 PMCID: PMC10695942 DOI: 10.1038/s42004-023-01069-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Artificial photosynthesis aims to produce fuels and chemicals from simple building blocks (i.e. water and carbon dioxide) using sunlight as energy source. Achieving effective photocatalytic systems necessitates a comprehensive understanding of the underlying mechanisms and factors that control the reactivity. This review underscores the growing interest in utilizing bioinspired artificial vesicles to develop compartmentalized photocatalytic systems. Herein, we summarize different scaffolds employed to develop artificial vesicles, and discuss recent examples where such systems are used to study pivotal processes of artificial photosynthesis, including light harvesting, charge transfer, and fuel production. These systems offer valuable lessons regarding the appropriate choice of membrane scaffolds, reaction partners and spatial arrangement to enhance photocatalytic activity, selectivity and efficiency. These studies highlight the pivotal role of the membrane to increase the stability of the immobilized reaction partners, generate a suitable local environment, and force proximity between electron donor and acceptor molecules (or catalysts and photosensitizers) to increase electron transfer rates. Overall, these findings pave the way for further development of bioinspired photocatalytic systems for compartmentalized artificial photosynthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Velasco-Garcia
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Avinguda dels Països Catalans, 16, 43007, Tarragona, Spain
- Department of Physical and Inorganic Chemistry, University Rovira i Virgili (URV), C/ Marcel.lí Domingo, 1, 43007, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Carla Casadevall
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Avinguda dels Països Catalans, 16, 43007, Tarragona, Spain.
- Department of Physical and Inorganic Chemistry, University Rovira i Virgili (URV), C/ Marcel.lí Domingo, 1, 43007, Tarragona, Spain.
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5
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Blovský T, Šindelka K, Limpouchová Z, Procházka K. Self-Assembly of Symmetric Copolymers in Slits with Inert and Attractive Walls. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:4458. [PMID: 38006182 PMCID: PMC10675682 DOI: 10.3390/polym15224458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Although the behavior of the confined semi-dilute solutions of self-assembling copolymers represents an important topic of basic and applied research, it has eluded the interest of scientists. Extensive series of dissipative particle dynamics simulations have been performed on semi-dilute solutions of A5B5 chains in a selective solvent for A in slits using a DL-MESO simulation package. Simulations of corresponding bulk systems were performed for comparison. This study shows that the associates in the semi-dilute bulk solutions are partly structurally organized. Mild steric constraints in slits with non-attractive walls hardly affect the size of the associates, but they promote their structural arrangement in layers parallel to the slit walls. Attractive walls noticeably affect the association process. In slits with mildly attractive walls, the adsorption competes with the association process. At elevated concentrations, the associates start to form in wide slits when the walls are sparsely covered by separated associates, and the association process prevents the full coverage of the surface. In slits with strongly attractive walls, adsorption is the dominant behavior. The associates form in wide slits at elevated concentrations only after the walls are completely and continuously covered by the adsorbed chains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomáš Blovský
- The Department of Physical and Macromolecular Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague, Hlavova 2030, 128 40 Prague, Czech Republic;
| | - Karel Šindelka
- Department of Molecular and Mesoscopic Modelling, Institute of Chemical Process Fundamentals, Czech Academy of Sciences, Rozvojová 135, 165 02 Prague, Czech Republic;
| | - Zuzana Limpouchová
- The Department of Physical and Macromolecular Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague, Hlavova 2030, 128 40 Prague, Czech Republic;
| | - Karel Procházka
- The Department of Physical and Macromolecular Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague, Hlavova 2030, 128 40 Prague, Czech Republic;
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6
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Kaspute G, Arunagiri BD, Alexander R, Ramanavicius A, Samukaite-Bubniene U. Development of Essential Oil Delivery Systems by 'Click Chemistry' Methods: Possible Ways to Manage Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:6537. [PMID: 37834674 PMCID: PMC10573547 DOI: 10.3390/ma16196537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023]
Abstract
Recently, rare diseases have received attention due to the need for improvement in diagnosed patients' and their families' lives. Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a rare, severe, progressive, muscle-wasting disease. Today, the therapeutic standard for treating DMD is corticosteroids, which cause serious adverse side effects. Nutraceuticals, e.g., herbal extracts or essential oils (EOs), are possible active substances to develop new drug delivery systems to improve DMD patients' lives. New drug delivery systems lead to new drug effects, improved safety and accuracy, and new therapies for rare diseases. Herbal extracts and EOs combined with click chemistry can lead to the development of safer treatments for DMD. In this review, we focus on the need for novel drug delivery systems using EOs as the therapy for DMD and the potential use of click chemistry for drug delivery systems. New EO complex drug delivery systems may offer a new approach for improving muscle conditions and mental health issues associated with DMD. However, further research should identify the potential of these systems in the context of DMD. In this review, we discuss possibilities for applying EOs to DMD before implementing expensive research in a theoretical way.
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Affiliation(s)
- Greta Kaspute
- Department of Nanotechnology, State Research Institute Center for Physical Sciences and Technology (FTMC), Sauletekis av. 3, LT-10257 Vilnius, Lithuania;
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Geosciences, Vilnius University, Naugarduko Str. 24, LT-03225 Vilnius, Lithuania; (B.D.A.); (R.A.)
| | - Bharani Dharan Arunagiri
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Geosciences, Vilnius University, Naugarduko Str. 24, LT-03225 Vilnius, Lithuania; (B.D.A.); (R.A.)
| | - Rakshana Alexander
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Geosciences, Vilnius University, Naugarduko Str. 24, LT-03225 Vilnius, Lithuania; (B.D.A.); (R.A.)
| | - Arunas Ramanavicius
- Department of Nanotechnology, State Research Institute Center for Physical Sciences and Technology (FTMC), Sauletekis av. 3, LT-10257 Vilnius, Lithuania;
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Geosciences, Vilnius University, Naugarduko Str. 24, LT-03225 Vilnius, Lithuania; (B.D.A.); (R.A.)
| | - Urte Samukaite-Bubniene
- Department of Nanotechnology, State Research Institute Center for Physical Sciences and Technology (FTMC), Sauletekis av. 3, LT-10257 Vilnius, Lithuania;
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Geosciences, Vilnius University, Naugarduko Str. 24, LT-03225 Vilnius, Lithuania; (B.D.A.); (R.A.)
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7
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El Yousfi R, Brahmi M, Dalli M, Achalhi N, Azougagh O, Tahani A, Touzani R, El Idrissi A. Recent Advances in Nanoparticle Development for Drug Delivery: A Comprehensive Review of Polycaprolactone-Based Multi-Arm Architectures. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:polym15081835. [PMID: 37111982 PMCID: PMC10142392 DOI: 10.3390/polym15081835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Controlled drug delivery is a crucial area of study for improving the targeted availability of drugs; several polymer systems have been applied for the formulation of drug delivery vehicles, including linear amphiphilic block copolymers, but with some limitations manifested in their ability to form only nanoaggregates such as polymersomes or vesicles within a narrow range of hydrophobic/hydrophilic balance, which can be problematic. For this, multi-arm architecture has emerged as an efficient alternative that overcame these challenges, with many interesting advantages such as reducing critical micellar concentrations, producing smaller particles, allowing for various functional compositions, and ensuring prolonged and continuous drug release. This review focuses on examining the key variables that influence the customization of multi-arm architecture assemblies based on polycaprolactone and their impact on drug loading and delivery. Specifically, this study focuses on the investigation of the structure-property relationships in these formulations, including the thermal properties presented by this architecture. Furthermore, this work will emphasize the importance of the type of architecture, chain topology, self-assembly parameters, and comparison between multi-arm structures and linear counterparts in relation to their impact on their performance as nanocarriers. By understanding these relationships, more effective multi-arm polymers can be designed with appropriate characteristics for their intended applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ridouan El Yousfi
- Laboratory Applied Chemistry and Environmental (LCAE-URAC18), Faculty of Sciences of Oujda, University Mohamed Premier, Oujda 60000, Morocco
| | - Mohamed Brahmi
- Physical Chemistry of Natural Substances and Process Team, Laboratory of Applied Chemistry and Environment (LCAE-CPSUNAP), Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University Mohamed Premier, Oujda 60000, Morocco
| | - Mohammed Dalli
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University Mohamed Premier, Oujda 60000, Morocco
| | - Nafea Achalhi
- Laboratory Applied Chemistry and Environmental (LCAE-URAC18), Faculty of Sciences of Oujda, University Mohamed Premier, Oujda 60000, Morocco
| | - Omar Azougagh
- Laboratory of Molecular Chemistry, Materials and Environment (LMCME), Department of Chemistry, Faculty Multidisciplinary Nador, University Mohamed Premier, P. B. 300, Nador 62700, Morocco
| | - Abdesselam Tahani
- Physical Chemistry of Natural Substances and Process Team, Laboratory of Applied Chemistry and Environment (LCAE-CPSUNAP), Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University Mohamed Premier, Oujda 60000, Morocco
| | - Rachid Touzani
- Laboratory Applied Chemistry and Environmental (LCAE-URAC18), Faculty of Sciences of Oujda, University Mohamed Premier, Oujda 60000, Morocco
| | - Abderrahmane El Idrissi
- Laboratory Applied Chemistry and Environmental (LCAE-URAC18), Faculty of Sciences of Oujda, University Mohamed Premier, Oujda 60000, Morocco
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8
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Plank M, Frieß FV, Bitsch CV, Pieschel J, Reitenbach J, Gallei M. Modular Synthesis of Functional Block Copolymers by Thiol–Maleimide “Click” Chemistry for Porous Membrane Formation. Macromolecules 2023. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.2c02255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Martina Plank
- Ernst-Berl Institute of Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Alarich-Weiss-Straße 4, 64287 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Florian Volker Frieß
- Chair in Polymer Chemistry, Universität des Saarlandes, Campus Saarbrücken, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Carina Vera Bitsch
- Ernst-Berl Institute of Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Alarich-Weiss-Straße 4, 64287 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Jens Pieschel
- Chair in Polymer Chemistry, Universität des Saarlandes, Campus Saarbrücken, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Julija Reitenbach
- Ernst-Berl Institute of Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Alarich-Weiss-Straße 4, 64287 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Markus Gallei
- Chair in Polymer Chemistry, Universität des Saarlandes, Campus Saarbrücken, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
- Saarene, Saarland Center for Energy Materials and Sustainability, Campus C4 2, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
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9
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Signori F, Wennink JWH, Bronco S, Feijen J, Karperien M, Bizzarri R, Dijkstra PJ. Aggregation and Gelation Behavior of Stereocomplexed Four-Arm PLA-PEG Copolymers Containing Neutral or Cationic Linkers. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24043327. [PMID: 36834737 PMCID: PMC9962659 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24043327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Revised: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Poly(lactide) (PLA) and poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG)-based hydrogels were prepared by mixing phosphate buffer saline (PBS, pH 7.4) solutions of four-arm (PEG-PLA)2-R-(PLA-PEG)2 enantiomerically pure copolymers having the opposite chirality of the poly(lactide) blocks. Dynamic Light Scattering, rheology measurements, and fluorescence spectroscopy suggested that, depending on the nature of the linker R, the gelation process followed rather different mechanisms. In all cases, mixing of equimolar amounts of the enantiomeric copolymers led to micellar aggregates with a stereocomplexed PLA core and a hydrophilic PEG corona. Yet, when R was an aliphatic heptamethylene unit, temperature-dependent reversible gelation was mainly induced by entanglements of PEG chains at concentrations higher than 5 wt.%. When R was a linker containing cationic amine groups, thermo-irreversible hydrogels were promptly generated at concentrations higher than 20 wt.%. In the latter case, stereocomplexation of the PLA blocks randomly distributed in micellar aggregates is proposed as the major determinant of the gelation process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Signori
- Department of Developmental BioEngineering, Faculty of Science and Technology, Tech Med Centre, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche—Istituto per i Processi Chimico-Fisici, CNR-IPCF, Area della Ricerca di Pisa, Via Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Jos W. H. Wennink
- Department of Developmental BioEngineering, Faculty of Science and Technology, Tech Med Centre, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Simona Bronco
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche—Istituto per i Processi Chimico-Fisici, CNR-IPCF, Area della Ricerca di Pisa, Via Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Jan Feijen
- Department of Polymer Chemistry and Biomaterials, Faculty of Science and Technology, Tech Med Centre, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Marcel Karperien
- Department of Developmental BioEngineering, Faculty of Science and Technology, Tech Med Centre, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Ranieri Bizzarri
- Department of Surgical, Medical and Molecular Pathology, and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pisa, Via Roma 65, 56126 Pisa, Italy
- NEST, Scuola Normale Superiore and Istituto Nanoscienze-CNR, Piazza San Silvestro 12, 56127 Pisa, Italy
- Correspondence: (R.B.); (P.J.D.)
| | - Pieter J. Dijkstra
- Department of Developmental BioEngineering, Faculty of Science and Technology, Tech Med Centre, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands
- Correspondence: (R.B.); (P.J.D.)
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10
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Qian X, Xia C, Chen X, Li Q, Li D. Self-assembled amphiphilic copolymers-doxorubicin conjugated nanoparticles for gastric cancer therapy with low in vivo toxicity and high efficacy. JOURNAL OF BIOMATERIALS SCIENCE. POLYMER EDITION 2022; 33:2202-2219. [PMID: 35924948 DOI: 10.1080/09205063.2022.2100024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Amphiphilic copolymers have long been utilized to turn hydrophobic anticancer drugs into nanoparticles administered to patients with cancer. A lack of stability in these monotherapies may be blamed for their poor clinical results in patients with cancer. We propose novel nanotherapies based on polymeric small prodrugs that preserve pharmacologic effectiveness while significantly reducing the toxicity of the fabricated drugs in animals to overcome this problem. Doxorubicin is attached to the end of the PLA fragments through a hydrolyzable ester bond utilizing methoxypolyethylene glycol-block-poly(d, l-lactic acid) (mPEG-PCL(2K)) with conjugates to mimic the self-assembly of colloidal nanotherapies. In a gastric cancer xenograft model, this nanotherapy displays a long-lasting suppression of tumor growth once a reasonable dosage is administered. Our findings imply that a toxic chemical and hydrophobic can be converted into therapeutic effective self-delivery nanotreatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqi Qian
- Department of Gastroenterology, the First People's Hospital of Wenling, Wenling, China
| | - Chenmei Xia
- Department of Gastroenterology, the First People's Hospital of Wenling, Wenling, China
| | - Xia Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, the First People's Hospital of Wenling, Wenling, China
| | - Qianqian Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, the First People's Hospital of Wenling, Wenling, China
| | - Dong Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, the First People's Hospital of Wenling, Wenling, China
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11
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Li G, Shang C, Li Q, Chen L, Yue Z, Ren L, Yang J, Zhang J, Wang W. Combined Shikonin-Loaded MPEG-PCL Micelles Inhibits Effective Transition of Endothelial-to-Mesenchymal Cells. Int J Nanomedicine 2022; 17:4497-4508. [PMID: 36186533 PMCID: PMC9519018 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s374895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Shikonin is well known for its anti-inflammatory activity in cardiovascular diseases. However, the application of shikonin is limited by its low water solubility and poor bioavailability. Methoxy poly (ethylene glycol)-b-poly (ε-caprolactone) (MPEG-PCL) is considered a promising delivery system for hydrophobic drugs. Therefore, in this study, we prepared shikonin-loaded MPEG-PCL micelles and investigated their effect on endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EndMT) induced by inflammatory cytokines. Methods Shikonin was encapsulated in MPEG-PCL micelles using an anti-solvent method and the physiochemical characteristics of the micelles (particle size, zeta potential, morphology, critical micelle concentration (CMC), drug loading and encapsulation efficiency) were investigated. Cellular uptake of micelles in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) was evaluated using fluorescence microscopy. In vitro EndMT inhibition was explored in HUVECs by quantitative real-time PCR analysis. Results The average particle size of shikonin-loaded MPEG-PCL micelles was 54.57±0.13 nm and 60 nm determined by dynamic light scattering and transmission electron microscopy, respectively. The zeta potential was −6.23±0.02 mV. The CMC of the micelles was 6.31×10−7mol/L. The drug loading and encapsulation efficiency were 0.88±0.08% and 43.08±3.77%, respectively. The MPEG-PCL micelles significantly improved the cellular uptake of cargo with low water solubility. Real-time PCR analysis showed that co-treatment with TNF-α and IL-1β successfully induced EndMT in HUVECs, whereas this process was significantly inhibited by shikonin and shikonin-loaded MPEG-PCL micelles, with greater inhibition mediated by the shikonin-loaded MPEG-PCL micelles. Conclusion Shikonin-loaded MPEG-PCL micelles significantly improved the EndMT-inhibiting effect of the free shikonin. MPEG-PCL is suitable for use more generally as a lipophilic drug carrier.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanglin Li
- Department of Medical Laboratory Animal Science, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi’an, People’s Republic of China
- Institute of Cardiovascular Science, Translational Medicine Institute, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi’an, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chenxu Shang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi’an, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qingqing Li
- School of Pharmacy, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi’an, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lifang Chen
- Department of Medical Laboratory Animal Science, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi’an, People’s Republic of China
- Institute of Cardiovascular Science, Translational Medicine Institute, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi’an, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zejun Yue
- Department of Medical Laboratory Animal Science, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi’an, People’s Republic of China
- Institute of Cardiovascular Science, Translational Medicine Institute, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi’an, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lingxuan Ren
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi’an, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jianjun Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi’an, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jiye Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi’an, People’s Republic of China
| | - Weirong Wang
- Department of Medical Laboratory Animal Science, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi’an, People’s Republic of China
- Institute of Cardiovascular Science, Translational Medicine Institute, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi’an, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Weirong Wang, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, No. 76 Yanta West Road, Xi’an, 710061, People’s Republic of China, Tel/Fax +86 29 82655362, Email
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12
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Ranamalla SR, Porfire AS, Tomuță I, Banciu M. An Overview of the Supramolecular Systems for Gene and Drug Delivery in Tissue Regeneration. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14081733. [PMID: 36015356 PMCID: PMC9412871 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14081733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 07/31/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Tissue regeneration is a prominent area of research, developing biomaterials aimed to be tunable, mechanistic scaffolds that mimic the physiological environment of the tissue. These biomaterials are projected to effectively possess similar chemical and biological properties, while at the same time are required to be safely and quickly degradable in the body once the desired restoration is achieved. Supramolecular systems composed of reversible, non-covalently connected, self-assembly units that respond to biological stimuli and signal cells have efficiently been developed as preferred biomaterials. Their biocompatibility and the ability to engineer the functionality have led to promising results in regenerative therapy. This review was intended to illuminate those who wish to envisage the niche translational research in regenerative therapy by summarizing the various explored types, chemistry, mechanisms, stimuli receptivity, and other advancements of supramolecular systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saketh Reddy Ranamalla
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Bio Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Iuliu Hațieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400010 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Doctoral School in Integrative Biology, Faculty of Biology and Geology, “Babeș-Bolyai” University, 400015 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Alina Silvia Porfire
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Bio Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Iuliu Hațieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400010 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Correspondence:
| | - Ioan Tomuță
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Bio Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Iuliu Hațieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400010 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Manuela Banciu
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Center of Systems Biology, Biodiversity and Bioresources, Faculty of Biology and Geology, “Babeș-Bolyai” University, 400015 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
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13
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Lo CH, Zeng J. Application of polymersomes in membrane protein study and drug discovery: Progress, strategies, and perspectives. Bioeng Transl Med 2022; 8:e10350. [PMID: 36684106 PMCID: PMC9842050 DOI: 10.1002/btm2.10350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Revised: 05/08/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Membrane proteins (MPs) play key roles in cellular signaling pathways and are responsible for intercellular and intracellular interactions. Dysfunctional MPs are directly related to the pathogenesis of various diseases, and they have been exploited as one of the most sought-after targets in the pharmaceutical industry. However, working with MPs is difficult given that their amphiphilic nature requires protection from biological membrane or membrane mimetics. Polymersomes are bilayered nano-vesicles made of self-assembled block copolymers that have been widely used as cell membrane mimetics for MP reconstitution and in engineering of artificial cells. This review highlights the prevailing trend in the application of polymersomes in MP study and drug discovery. We begin with a review on the techniques for synthesis and characterization of polymersomes as well as methods of MP insertion to form proteopolymersomes. Next, we review the structural and functional analysis of the different types of MPs reconstituted in polymersomes, including membrane transport proteins, MP complexes, and membrane receptors. We then summarize the factors affecting reconstitution efficiency and the quality of reconstituted MPs for structural and functional studies. Additionally, we discuss the potential in using proteopolymersomes as platforms for high-throughput screening (HTS) in drug discovery to identify modulators of MPs. We conclude by providing future perspectives and recommendations on advancing the study of MPs and drug development using proteopolymersomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chih Hung Lo
- Lee Kong Chian School of MedicineNanyang Technological UniversitySingaporeSingapore,Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMassachusettsUSA
| | - Jialiu Zeng
- Lee Kong Chian School of MedicineNanyang Technological UniversitySingaporeSingapore,Department of Biomedical EngineeringBoston UniversityBostonMassachusettsUSA,Department of ChemistryBoston UniversityBostonMassachusettsUSA
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14
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Heuberger L, Korpidou M, Eggenberger OM, Kyropoulou M, Palivan CG. Current Perspectives on Synthetic Compartments for Biomedical Applications. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:5718. [PMID: 35628527 PMCID: PMC9145047 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23105718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Revised: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Nano- and micrometer-sized compartments composed of synthetic polymers are designed to mimic spatial and temporal divisions found in nature. Self-assembly of polymers into compartments such as polymersomes, giant unilamellar vesicles (GUVs), layer-by-layer (LbL) capsules, capsosomes, or polyion complex vesicles (PICsomes) allows for the separation of defined environments from the exterior. These compartments can be further engineered through the incorporation of (bio)molecules within the lumen or into the membrane, while the membrane can be decorated with functional moieties to produce catalytic compartments with defined structures and functions. Nanometer-sized compartments are used for imaging, theranostic, and therapeutic applications as a more mechanically stable alternative to liposomes, and through the encapsulation of catalytic molecules, i.e., enzymes, catalytic compartments can localize and act in vivo. On the micrometer scale, such biohybrid systems are used to encapsulate model proteins and form multicompartmentalized structures through the combination of multiple compartments, reaching closer to the creation of artificial organelles and cells. Significant progress in therapeutic applications and modeling strategies has been achieved through both the creation of polymers with tailored properties and functionalizations and novel techniques for their assembly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukas Heuberger
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel, Mattenstrasse 24a, BPR 1096, 4058 Basel, Switzerland; (L.H.); (M.K.); (O.M.E.); (M.K.)
| | - Maria Korpidou
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel, Mattenstrasse 24a, BPR 1096, 4058 Basel, Switzerland; (L.H.); (M.K.); (O.M.E.); (M.K.)
| | - Olivia M. Eggenberger
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel, Mattenstrasse 24a, BPR 1096, 4058 Basel, Switzerland; (L.H.); (M.K.); (O.M.E.); (M.K.)
| | - Myrto Kyropoulou
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel, Mattenstrasse 24a, BPR 1096, 4058 Basel, Switzerland; (L.H.); (M.K.); (O.M.E.); (M.K.)
- NCCR-Molecular Systems Engineering, Mattenstrasse 24a, BPR 1095, 4058 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Cornelia G. Palivan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel, Mattenstrasse 24a, BPR 1096, 4058 Basel, Switzerland; (L.H.); (M.K.); (O.M.E.); (M.K.)
- NCCR-Molecular Systems Engineering, Mattenstrasse 24a, BPR 1095, 4058 Basel, Switzerland
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15
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Battistelli G, Proetto M, Mavridi-Printezi A, Calvaresi M, Danielli A, Constantini PE, Battistella C, Gianneschi NC, Montalti M. Local detection of pH-induced disaggregation of biocompatible micelles by fluorescence switch ON. Chem Sci 2022; 13:4884-4892. [PMID: 35655864 PMCID: PMC9067588 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc00304j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Fluorogenic nanoparticles (NPs) able to sense different physiological environments and respond with disaggregation and fluorescence switching OFF/ON are powerful tools in nanomedicine as they can combine diagnostics with therapeutic action. pH-responsive NPs are particularly interesting as they can differentiate cancer tissues from healthy ones, they can drive selective intracellular drug release and they can act as pH biosensors. Controlled polymerization techniques are the basis of such materials as they provide solid routes towards the synthesis of pH-responsive block copolymers that are able to assemble/disassemble following protonation/deprotonation. Ring opening metathesis polymerization (ROMP), in particular, has been recently exploited for the development of experimental nanomedicines owing to the efficient direct polymerization of both natural and synthetic functionalities. Here, we capitalize on these features and provide synthetic routes for the design of pH-responsive fluorogenic micelles via the assembly of ROMP block-copolymers. While detailed photophysical characterization validates the pH response, a proof of concept experiment in a model cancer cell line confirmed the activity of the biocompatible micelles in relevant biological environments, therefore pointing out the potential of this approach in the development of novel nano-theranostic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Battistelli
- Department of Chemistry "Giacomo Ciamician" Via Selmi 2 Bologna 40126 Italy
| | - Maria Proetto
- Department of Chemistry Northwestern University Evanston IL 60208 USA
| | | | - Matteo Calvaresi
- Department of Chemistry "Giacomo Ciamician" Via Selmi 2 Bologna 40126 Italy
| | - Alberto Danielli
- FaBiT, Department of Pharmacy & Biotechnology, University of Bologna via Selmi 3 40126 Bologna Italy
| | - Paolo Emidio Constantini
- FaBiT, Department of Pharmacy & Biotechnology, University of Bologna via Selmi 3 40126 Bologna Italy
| | | | - Nathan C Gianneschi
- Department of Chemistry Northwestern University Evanston IL 60208 USA.,Department of Materials Science and Engineering Northwestern University Evanston IL 60208 USA.,Department of Biomedical Engineering Northwestern University Evanston IL 60208 USA
| | - Marco Montalti
- Department of Chemistry "Giacomo Ciamician" Via Selmi 2 Bologna 40126 Italy
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16
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Prata AS, Nascimento RF, Grosso CR. Designing polymeric interactions towards smart particles. Curr Opin Food Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cofs.2022.100867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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17
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Jang JD, Seo HJ, Yoon YJ, Choi SH, Han YS, Kim TH. Conformational control of two-dimensional gold nanoparticle arrays in a confined geometry within a vesicular wall. Sci Rep 2022; 12:4548. [PMID: 35296763 PMCID: PMC8927576 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-08607-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The two-dimensional (2D) assembly of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) in a confined geometry is a rare phenomenon that has not been experimentally verified for complex systems. In this study, this process was investigated in detail using two types of block copolymers with hydrophobic and hydrophilic blocks and a series of AuNPs of three different sizes protected by hydrophobic ligands. In aqueous solutions, the selected block copolymers self-assembled into vesicular nanostructures with a hydrophobic domain in the wall, which functions as a confined geometrical space for hydrophobic AuNPs (i.e., it exerts a confinement effect and restricts the movement of AuNPs). Small-angle X-ray scattering studies revealed that AuNPs of different sizes assembled differently in the same confined geometry of the vesicular wall. In addition, optimal conditions for the formation of a regular NP array in the hydrophobic domain were determined. The AuNPs successfully self-assembled into a regular 2D lattice structure, forming a shell around the vesicle, when their size matched the thickness of the hydrophobic domain of the vesicular nanostructure. This study provides guidelines for the fabrication of nanoparticle arrays with controlled structures, which could enhance the functionality of materials and their physical properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong Dae Jang
- Neutron Science Division, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, 1045 Daedeok-daero, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34057, Republic of Korea.,Research Center for Advanced Nuclear Interdisciplinary Technology, Jeonbuk National University, 567 Baekje-daero, Deokjin-gu, Jeonju, Jeollabuk-do, 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyuk-Jin Seo
- Department of Applied Plasma and Quantum Beam Engineering, Jeonbuk National University, 567 Baekje-daero, Deokjin-gu, Jeonju, Jeollabuk-do, 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Jin Yoon
- Department of Applied Plasma and Quantum Beam Engineering, Jeonbuk National University, 567 Baekje-daero, Deokjin-gu, Jeonju, Jeollabuk-do, 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo-Hyung Choi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Hongik University, 94 Wausan-ro, Mapo-gu, Seoul, 04066, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Soo Han
- Neutron Science Division, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, 1045 Daedeok-daero, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34057, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Hwan Kim
- Research Center for Advanced Nuclear Interdisciplinary Technology, Jeonbuk National University, 567 Baekje-daero, Deokjin-gu, Jeonju, Jeollabuk-do, 54896, Republic of Korea. .,Department of Applied Plasma and Quantum Beam Engineering, Jeonbuk National University, 567 Baekje-daero, Deokjin-gu, Jeonju, Jeollabuk-do, 54896, Republic of Korea. .,Department of Quantum System Engineering, Jeonbuk National University, 567 Baekje-daero, Deokjin-gu, Jeonju, Jeollabuk-do, 54896, Republic of Korea. .,High-Enthalphy Plasma Research Center, Jeonbuk National University, 546 Bongdong-ro, Bongdong-eup, Wanju-gun, Jeollabuk-do, 55317, Republic of Korea.
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18
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Certain, but Not All, Tetraether Lipids from the Thermoacidophilic Archaeon Sulfolobus acidocaldarius Can Form Black Lipid Membranes with Remarkable Stability and Exhibiting Mthk Channel Activity with Unusually High Ca 2+ Sensitivity. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222312941. [PMID: 34884746 PMCID: PMC8657495 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222312941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2021] [Revised: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 11/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Bipolar tetraether lipids (BTL) have been long thought to play a critical role in allowing thermoacidophiles to thrive under extreme conditions. In the present study, we demonstrated that not all BTLs from the thermoacidophilic archaeon Sulfolobus acidocaldarius exhibit the same membrane behaviors. We found that free-standing planar membranes (i.e., black lipid membranes, BLM) made of the polar lipid fraction E (PLFE) isolated from S. acidocaldarius formed over a pinhole on a cellulose acetate partition in a dual-chamber Teflon device exhibited remarkable stability showing a virtually constant capacitance (~28 pF) for at least 11 days. PLFE contains exclusively tetraethers. The dominating hydrophobic core of PLFE lipids is glycerol dialky calditol tetraether (GDNT, ~90%), whereas glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraether (GDGT) is a minor component (~10%). In sharp contrast, BLM made of BTL extracted from microvesicles (Sa-MVs) released from the same cells exhibited a capacitance between 36 and 39 pF lasting for only 8 h before membrane dielectric breakdown. Lipids in Sa-MVs are also exclusively tetraethers; however, the dominating lipid species in Sa-MVs is GDGT (>99%), not GDNT. The remarkable stability of BLMPLFE can be attributed to strong PLFE–PLFE and PLFE–substrate interactions. In addition, we compare voltage-dependent channel activity of calcium-gated potassium channels (MthK) in BLMPLFE to values recorded in BLMSa-MV. MthK is an ion channel isolated from a methanogenic that has been extensively characterized in diester lipid membranes and has been used as a model for calcium-gated potassium channels. We found that MthK can insert into BLMPLFE and exhibit channel activity, but not in BLMSa-MV. Additionally, the opening/closing of the MthK in BLMPLFE is detectable at calcium concentrations as low as 0.1 mM; conversely, in diester lipid membranes at such a low calcium concentration, no MthK channel activity is detectable. The differential effect of membrane stability and MthK channel activity between BLMPLFE and BLMSa-MV may be attributed to their lipid structural differences and thus their abilities to interact with the substrate and membrane protein. Since Sa-MVs that bud off from the plasma membrane are exclusively tetraether lipids but do not contain the main tetraether lipid component GDNT of the plasma membrane, domain segregation must occur in S. acidocaldarius. The implication of this study is that lipid domain formation is existent and functionally essential in all kinds of cells, but domain formation may be even more prevalent and pronounced in hyperthermophiles, as strong domain formation with distinct membrane behaviors is necessary to counteract randomization due to high growth temperatures while BTL in general make archaea cell membranes stable in high temperature and low pH environments whereas different BTL domains play different functional roles.
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19
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Duan R, Qi M. Amphiphilic triblock copolymer as the gas chromatographic stationary phase with high-resolution performance towards a wide range of isomers and the components of lemon essential oil. J Chromatogr A 2021; 1658:462611. [PMID: 34666270 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2021.462611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Revised: 10/02/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
This work presents the investigation of using the amphiphilic triblock copolymer composed of poly(ethylene oxide)(PEO)-poly(propylene oxide) (PPO)-poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) (denoted as EPE) as the stationary phase for gas chromatographic (GC) analyses. The EPE capillary column exhibited moderate polarity and column efficiency of 4348 plates/m determined by naphthalene at 120 °C (k = 11.52). Different from the PEG and polysiloxane homopolymers, it showed high-resolution performance towards a wide range of aliphatic and aromatic isomers in terms of polarity and acid-base properties. Particularly, the EPE column displayed distinct advantages for separating the critical isomers of alkanes, anilines and phenols and the components of the lemon essential oil over the commercial PEG and polysiloxane columns. In addition, the EPE column exhibited excellent separation repeatability and reproducibility with the relative standard deviation (RSD) values in the range of 0.03% - 0.08% for run-to-run, 0.14% - 0.61% for day-to-day and 3.1% - 4.0% for column-to-column, respectively. Moreover, the EPE column was investigated in terms of thermal stability, the minimum allowable operating temperature (MiAOT) and sample loadability. Its application to GC-MS analysis of the essential oil demonstrated its feasibility for practical analyses. This work demonstrates the promising future of triblock copolymers as a new class of selective stationary phases for GC analyses, which is barely reported up to date. The findings of this work is of important value for fundamental researches and practical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruijuan Duan
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science, Ministry of Education of China, Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Meiling Qi
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science, Ministry of Education of China, Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China.
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20
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Machtakova M, Thérien-Aubin H, Landfester K. Polymer nano-systems for the encapsulation and delivery of active biomacromolecular therapeutic agents. Chem Soc Rev 2021; 51:128-152. [PMID: 34762084 DOI: 10.1039/d1cs00686j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Biomacromolecular therapeutic agents, particularly proteins, antigens, enzymes, and nucleic acids are emerging as powerful candidates for the treatment of various diseases and the development of the recent vaccine based on mRNA highlights the enormous potential of this class of drugs for future medical applications. However, biomacromolecular therapeutic agents present an enormous delivery challenge compared to traditional small molecules due to both a high molecular weight and a sensitive structure. Hence, the translation of their inherent pharmaceutical capacity into functional therapies is often hindered by the limited performance of conventional delivery vehicles. Polymer drug delivery systems are a modular solution able to address those issues. In this review, we discuss recent developments in the design of polymer delivery systems specifically tailored to the delivery challenges of biomacromolecular therapeutic agents. In the future, only in combination with a multifaceted and highly tunable delivery system, biomacromolecular therapeutic agents will realize their promising potential for the treatment of diseases and for the future of human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Machtakova
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany.
| | - Héloïse Thérien-Aubin
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany. .,Department of Chemistry, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL, Canada.
| | - Katharina Landfester
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany.
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21
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Buglakov AI, Larin DE, Vasilevskaya VV. Orientation- and cosolvent-induced self-assembly of amphiphilic homopolymers in selective solvents. POLYMER 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2021.124160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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22
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Recent Progress in Phthalocyanine-Polymeric Nanoparticle Delivery Systems for Cancer Photodynamic Therapy. NANOMATERIALS 2021; 11:nano11092426. [PMID: 34578740 PMCID: PMC8469866 DOI: 10.3390/nano11092426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Revised: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
This perspective article summarizes the last decade’s developments in the field of phthalocyanine (Pc)-polymeric nanoparticle (NP) delivery systems for cancer photodynamic therapy (PDT), including studies with at least in vitro data. Moreover, special attention will be paid to the various strategies for enhancing the behavior of Pc-polymeric NPs in PDT, underlining the great potential of this class of nanomaterials as advanced Pcs’ nanocarriers for cancer PDT. This review shows that there is still a lot of research to be done, opening the door to new and interesting nanodelivery systems.
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23
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Karayianni M, Pispas S. Block copolymer solution self‐assembly: Recent advances, emerging trends, and applications. JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/pol.20210430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Karayianni
- Theoretical and Physical Chemistry Institute National Hellenic Research Foundation Athens Greece
| | - Stergios Pispas
- Theoretical and Physical Chemistry Institute National Hellenic Research Foundation Athens Greece
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24
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Di Leone S, Vallapurackal J, Yorulmaz Avsar S, Kyropolou M, Ward TR, Palivan CG, Meier W. Expanding the Potential of the Solvent-Assisted Method to Create Bio-Interfaces from Amphiphilic Block Copolymers. Biomacromolecules 2021; 22:3005-3016. [PMID: 34105950 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.1c00424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Artificial membranes, as materials with biomimetic properties, can be applied in various fields, such as drug screening or bio-sensing. The solvent-assisted method (SA) represents a straightforward method to prepare lipid solid-supported membranes. It overcomes the main limitations of established membrane preparation methods, such as Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) or vesicle fusion. However, it has not yet been applied to create artificial membranes based on amphiphilic block copolymers, despite their enhanced mechanical stability compared to lipid-based membranes and bio-compatible properties. Here, we applied the SA method on different amphiphilic di- and triblock poly(dimethylsiloxane)-block-poly(2-methyl-2-oxazoline) (PDMS-b-PMOXA) copolymers and optimized the conditions to prepare artificial membranes on a solid support. The real-time membrane formation, the morphology, and the mechanical properties have been evaluated by a combination of atomic force microscopy and quartz crystal microbalance. Then, selected biomolecules including complementary DNA strands and an artificial deallylase metalloenzyme (ADAse) were incorporated into these membranes relying on the biotin-streptavidin technology. DNA strands served to establish the capability of these synthetic membranes to interact with biomolecules by preserving their correct conformation. The catalytic activity of the ADAse following its membrane anchoring induced the functionality of the biomimetic platform. Polymer membranes on solid support as prepared by the SA method open new opportunities for the creation of artificial membranes with tailored biomimetic properties and functionality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Di Leone
- Chemistry Department, University of Basel, BPR 1096, Mattenstrasse 24a, 4058 Basel, Switzerland.,School of Life Sciences, Institute for Chemistry and Bioanalytics, University of Applied Sciences Northwestern Switzerland (FHNW), Grundenstrasse 40, 4132 Muttenz, Switzerland
| | - Jaicy Vallapurackal
- Chemistry Department, University of Basel, BPR 1096, Mattenstrasse 24a, 4058 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Saziye Yorulmaz Avsar
- Chemistry Department, University of Basel, BPR 1096, Mattenstrasse 24a, 4058 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Myrto Kyropolou
- Chemistry Department, University of Basel, BPR 1096, Mattenstrasse 24a, 4058 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Thomas R Ward
- Chemistry Department, University of Basel, BPR 1096, Mattenstrasse 24a, 4058 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Cornelia G Palivan
- Chemistry Department, University of Basel, BPR 1096, Mattenstrasse 24a, 4058 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Wolfgang Meier
- Chemistry Department, University of Basel, BPR 1096, Mattenstrasse 24a, 4058 Basel, Switzerland
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Vaillard AS, El Haitami A, Fontaine P, Cousin F, Gutfreund P, Goldmann M, Cantin S. Surface Pressure-Induced Interdiffused Structure Evidenced by Neutron Reflectometry in Cellulose Acetate/Polybutadiene Langmuir Films. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2021; 37:5717-5730. [PMID: 33905653 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.1c00745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Binary blends of water-insoluble polymers are a versatile strategy to obtain nanostructured films at the air-water interface. However, there are few reported structural studies of such systems in the literature. Depending on the compatibility of the polymers and the role of the air-water interface, one can expect various morphologies. In that context, we probed Langmuir monolayers of cellulose acetate (CA), of deuterated and postoxidized polybutadiene (PBd) and three mixtures of CA/PBd at various concentrations by coupling surface pressure-area isotherms, Brewster angle microscopy (BAM), and neutron reflectometry at the air-water interface to determine their thermodynamic and structural properties. The homogeneity of the films in the vertical direction, averaged laterally over the spatial coherence length of the neutron beam (∼5 μm), was assessed by neutron reflectometry measurements using D2O/H2O subphases contrast-matched to the mixed films. At 5 mN/m, the whole mixed films can be described by a single slightly hydrated thin layer. However, at 15 mN/m, the fit of the reflectivity curves requires a two-layer model consisting of a CA/PBd blend layer in contact with the water, interdiffused with a PBd layer at the interface with air. At intermediate surface pressure (10 mN/m), the determined structure was between those obtained at 5 and 15 mN/m depending on film composition. This PBd enrichment at the air-film interface at high surface pressure, which leads to the PBd depletion in the blend monolayer at the water surface, is attributed to the hydrophobic character of this polymer compared with the predominantly hydrophilic CA.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Philippe Fontaine
- Synchrotron SOLEIL, L'Orme des Merisiers, Saint Aubin, BP48, 91192 Gif sur Yvette Cedex, France
| | - Fabrice Cousin
- Laboratoire Léon Brillouin, Université Paris-Saclay, CEA-CNRS UMR 12, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Philipp Gutfreund
- Institut Laue-Langevin, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Michel Goldmann
- Synchrotron SOLEIL, L'Orme des Merisiers, Saint Aubin, BP48, 91192 Gif sur Yvette Cedex, France
- Institut des NanoSciences de Paris, Sorbonne Université, 4 Place Jussieu, 75252 Paris Cedex 05, France
- Faculté des Sciences Fondamentales et Biomédicales, Université de Paris, 45 rue des Sts-Pères, 75006 Paris, France
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26
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Kyropoulou M, Yorulmaz Avsar S, Schoenenberger CA, Palivan CG, Meier WP. From spherical compartments to polymer films: exploiting vesicle fusion to generate solid supported thin polymer membranes. NANOSCALE 2021; 13:6944-6952. [PMID: 33885496 DOI: 10.1039/d1nr01122g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Solid supported polymer membranes as scaffold for the insertion of functional biomolecules provide the basis for mimicking natural membranes. They also provide the means for unraveling biomolecule-membrane interactions and engineering platforms for biosensing. Vesicle fusion is an established procedure to obtain solid supported lipid bilayers but the more robust polymer vesicles tend to resist fusion and planar membranes rarely form. Here, we build on vesicle fusion to develop a refined and efficient way to produce solid supported membranes based on poly(dimethylsiloxane)-poly(2-methyl-2-oxazoline) (PMOXA-b-PDMS-b-PMOXA) amphiphilic triblock copolymers. We first create thiol-bearing polymer vesicles (polymersomes) and anchor them on a gold substrate. An osmotic shock then provokes polymersome rupture and drives planar film formation. Prerequisite for a uniform amphiphilic planar membrane is the proper combination of immobilized polymersomes and osmotic shock conditions. Thus, we explored the impact of the hydrophobic PDMS block length of the polymersome on the formation and the characteristics of the resulting solid supported polymer assemblies by quarz crystal microbalance with dissipation monitoring (QCM-D), atomic force microscopy (AFM) and spectroscopic ellipsometry (SE). When the PDMS block is short enough, attached polymersomes restructure in response to osmotic shock, resulting in a uniform planar membrane. Our approach to rapidly form planar polymer membranes by vesicle fusion brings many advantages to the development of synthetic planar membranes for bio-sensing and biotechnological applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myrto Kyropoulou
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel, Mattenstrasse 24a, BPR 1096, 4058 Basel, Switzerland.
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27
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Miller A, Pearce AK, Foster JC, O’Reilly RK. Probing and Tuning the Permeability of Polymersomes. ACS CENTRAL SCIENCE 2021; 7:30-38. [PMID: 33532567 PMCID: PMC7844851 DOI: 10.1021/acscentsci.0c01196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Polymersomes are a class of synthetic vesicles composed of a polymer membrane surrounding an aqueous inner cavity. In addition to their overall size, the thickness and composition of polymersome membranes determine the range of potential applications in which they can be employed. While synthetic polymer chemists have made great strides in controlling polymersome membrane parameters, measurement of their permeability to various analytes including gases, ions, organic molecules, and macromolecules remains a significant challenge. In this Outlook, we compare the general methods that have been developed to quantify polymersome membrane permeability, focusing in particular on their capability to accurately measure analyte flux. In addition, we briefly highlight strategies to control membrane permeability. Based on these learnings, we propose a set of criteria for designing future methods of quantifying membrane permeability such that the passage of a variety of molecules into and out of their lumens can be better understood.
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28
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Osorno LL, Brandley AN, Maldonado DE, Yiantsos A, Mosley RJ, Byrne ME. Review of Contemporary Self-Assembled Systems for the Controlled Delivery of Therapeutics in Medicine. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 11:278. [PMID: 33494400 PMCID: PMC7911285 DOI: 10.3390/nano11020278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Revised: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The novel and unique design of self-assembled micro and nanostructures can be tailored and controlled through the deep understanding of the self-assembly behavior of amphiphilic molecules. The most commonly known amphiphilic molecules are surfactants, phospholipids, and block copolymers. These molecules present a dual attraction in aqueous solutions that lead to the formation of structures like micelles, hydrogels, and liposomes. These structures can respond to external stimuli and can be further modified making them ideal for specific, targeted medical needs and localized drug delivery treatments. Biodegradability, biocompatibility, drug protection, drug bioavailability, and improved patient compliance are among the most important benefits of these self-assembled structures for drug delivery purposes. Furthermore, there are numerous FDA-approved biomaterials with self-assembling properties that can help shorten the approval pathway of efficient platforms, allowing them to reach the therapeutic market faster. This review focuses on providing a thorough description of the current use of self-assembled micelles, hydrogels, and vesicles (polymersomes/liposomes) for the extended and controlled release of therapeutics, with relevant medical applications. FDA-approved polymers, as well as clinically and commercially available nanoplatforms, are described throughout the paper.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Mark E. Byrne
- Biomimetic & Biohybrid Materials, Biomedical Devices, & Drug Delivery Laboratories, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rowan University, Glassboro, NJ 08028, USA
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29
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Subjakova V, Oravczova V, Hianik T. Polymer Nanoparticles and Nanomotors Modified by DNA/RNA Aptamers and Antibodies in Targeted Therapy of Cancer. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:341. [PMID: 33494545 PMCID: PMC7866063 DOI: 10.3390/polym13030341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2020] [Revised: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Polymer nanoparticles and nano/micromotors are novel nanostructures that are of increased interest especially in the diagnosis and therapy of cancer. These structures are modified by antibodies or nucleic acid aptamers and can recognize the cancer markers at the membrane of the cancer cells or in the intracellular side. They can serve as a cargo for targeted transport of drugs or nucleic acids in chemo- immuno- or gene therapy. The various mechanisms, such as enzyme, ultrasound, magnetic, electrical, or light, served as a driving force for nano/micromotors, allowing their transport into the cells. This review is focused on the recent achievements in the development of polymer nanoparticles and nano/micromotors modified by antibodies and nucleic acid aptamers. The methods of preparation of polymer nanoparticles, their structure and properties are provided together with those for synthesis and the application of nano/micromotors. The various mechanisms of the driving of nano/micromotors such as chemical, light, ultrasound, electric and magnetic fields are explained. The targeting drug delivery is based on the modification of nanostructures by receptors such as nucleic acid aptamers and antibodies. Special focus is therefore on the method of selection aptamers for recognition cancer markers as well as on the comparison of the properties of nucleic acid aptamers and antibodies. The methods of immobilization of aptamers at the nanoparticles and nano/micromotors are provided. Examples of applications of polymer nanoparticles and nano/micromotors in targeted delivery and in controlled drug release are presented. The future perspectives of biomimetic nanostructures in personalized nanomedicine are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Tibor Hianik
- Department of Nuclear Physics and Biophysics, Faculty of Mathematics, Physics and Informatics, Comenius University, Mlynska dolina F1, 842 48 Bratislava, Slovakia; (V.S.); (V.O.)
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30
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Wilson RL, Jones HN. Targeting the Dysfunctional Placenta to Improve Pregnancy Outcomes Based on Lessons Learned in Cancer. Clin Ther 2021; 43:246-264. [PMID: 33446335 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinthera.2020.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2020] [Revised: 12/07/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
In recent decades, our understanding of the disrupted mechanisms that contribute to major obstetrical diseases, including preeclampsia, fetal growth restriction, preterm birth, and gestational diabetes, has increased exponentially. Common to many of these obstetric diseases is placental maldevelopment and dysfunction; the placenta is a significant component of the maternal-fetal interface involved in coordinating, facilitating, and regulating maternal and fetal nutrient, oxygen and waste exchange, and hormone and cytokine production. Despite the advances in our understanding of placental development and function, there are currently no treatments for placental maldevelopment and dysfunction. However, given the transient nature and accessibility from the maternal circulation, the placenta offers a unique opportunity to develop targeted therapeutics for routine obstetric practices. Furthermore, given the similar developmental paradigms between the placenta and cancer, there is an opportunity to appropriate current knowledge from advances in targeted therapeutics in cancer treatments. In this review, we highlight the similarities between early placental development and cancer and introduce a number of targeted therapies currently being explored in cancer and pregnancy. We also propose a number of new effectors currently being targeted in cancer research that have the potential to be targeted in the development of treatments for pregnancy complications. Finally, we describe a method for targeting the placenta using nonviral polymers that are capable of delivering plasmids, small interfering RNA, and other effector nucleic acids, which could ultimately improve fetal and maternal outcomes from complicated pregnancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca L Wilson
- Department of Physiology and Functional Genomics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.
| | - Helen N Jones
- Department of Physiology and Functional Genomics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.
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31
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Wang WL, Jin RH. Synthesis and self-assembly of amphiphilic comb-copolymers possessing polyethyleneimine and its derivatives: Site-selective formation of loop-cluster covered vesicles and flower micelles. POLYMER 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2020.123289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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32
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Torres J, Dhas N, Longhi M, García MC. Overcoming Biological Barriers With Block Copolymers-Based Self-Assembled Nanocarriers. Recent Advances in Delivery of Anticancer Therapeutics. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:593197. [PMID: 33329001 PMCID: PMC7734332 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.593197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2020] [Accepted: 10/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is one of the most common life-threatening illness and it is the world's second largest cause of death. Chemotherapeutic anticancer drugs have many disadvantages, which led to the need to develop novel strategies to overcome these shortcomings. Moreover, tumors are heterogenous in nature and there are various biological barriers that assist in treatment reisistance. In this sense, nanotechnology has provided new strategies for delivery of anticancer therapeutics. Recently, delivery platforms for overcoming biological barriers raised by tumor cells and tumor-bearing hosts have been reported. Among them, amphiphilic block copolymers (ABC)-based self-assembled nanocarriers have attracted researchers worldwide owing to their unique properties. In this work, we addressed different biological barriers for effective cancer treatment along with several strategies to overcome them by using ABC-based self-assembled nanostructures, with special emphasis in those that have the ability to act as responsive nanocarriers to internal or external environmental clues to trigger release of the payload. These nanocarriers have shown promising properties to revolutionize cancer treatment and diagnosis, but there are still challenges for their successful translation to clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jazmin Torres
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Namdev Dhas
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Institute of Pharmacy, Nirma University, Ahmedabad, India
| | - Marcela Longhi
- Departamento de Ciencias Farmacéuticas, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
- Unidad de Investigación y Desarrollo en Tecnología Farmacéutica (UNITEFA), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Mónica C. García
- Departamento de Ciencias Farmacéuticas, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
- Unidad de Investigación y Desarrollo en Tecnología Farmacéutica (UNITEFA), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Córdoba, Argentina
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33
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Chen A, Majdinasab EJ, Fiori MC, Liang H, Altenberg GA. Polymer-Encased Nanodiscs and Polymer Nanodiscs: New Platforms for Membrane Protein Research and Applications. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2020; 8:598450. [PMID: 33304891 PMCID: PMC7701119 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.598450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Membrane proteins (MPs) are essential to many organisms’ major functions. They are notorious for being difficult to isolate and study, and mimicking native conditions for studies in vitro has proved to be a challenge. Lipid nanodiscs are among the most promising platforms for MP reconstitution, but they contain a relatively labile lipid bilayer and their use requires previous protein solubilization in detergent. These limitations have led to the testing of copolymers in new types of nanodisc platforms. Polymer-encased nanodiscs and polymer nanodiscs support functional MPs and address some of the limitations present in other MP reconstitution platforms. In this review, we provide a summary of recent developments in the use of polymers in nanodiscs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Chen
- School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, United States
| | - Elleana J Majdinasab
- School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, United States
| | - Mariana C Fiori
- Department of Cell Physiology and Molecular Biophysics, and Center for Membrane Protein Research, School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, United States
| | - Hongjun Liang
- Department of Cell Physiology and Molecular Biophysics, and Center for Membrane Protein Research, School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, United States
| | - Guillermo A Altenberg
- Department of Cell Physiology and Molecular Biophysics, and Center for Membrane Protein Research, School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, United States
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34
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Raya RK, Štěpánek M, Limpouchová Z, Procházka K, Svoboda M, Lísal M, Pavlova E, Skandalis A, Pispas S. Onion Micelles with an Interpolyelectrolyte Complex Middle Layer: Experimental Motivation and Computer Study. Macromolecules 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.0c00560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rahul Kumar Raya
- Department of Physical and Macromolecular Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague, Hlavova 2030, 12840 Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Miroslav Štěpánek
- Department of Physical and Macromolecular Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague, Hlavova 2030, 12840 Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Zuzana Limpouchová
- Department of Physical and Macromolecular Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague, Hlavova 2030, 12840 Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Karel Procházka
- Department of Physical and Macromolecular Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague, Hlavova 2030, 12840 Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Svoboda
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, J. E. Purkinje University, České mládeže 8, 400 96 Ústí n. Lab., Czech Republic
- Department of Molecular and Mesoscopic Modelling, Institute of Chemical Process Fundamentals of the CAS, Rozvojová 135/1, 165 02 Prague 6, Suchdol, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Lísal
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, J. E. Purkinje University, České mládeže 8, 400 96 Ústí n. Lab., Czech Republic
- Department of Molecular and Mesoscopic Modelling, Institute of Chemical Process Fundamentals of the CAS, Rozvojová 135/1, 165 02 Prague 6, Suchdol, Czech Republic
| | - Ewa Pavlova
- Department of Polymer Morphology, Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry of the CAS, Heyrovský Square 2, 160 00 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Athanasios Skandalis
- Theoretical & Physical Chemistry Institute, National Hellenic Research Foundation, 48 Vassileos Constantinou Avenue, 11635 Athens, Greece
| | - Stergios Pispas
- Theoretical & Physical Chemistry Institute, National Hellenic Research Foundation, 48 Vassileos Constantinou Avenue, 11635 Athens, Greece
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35
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Karanikolopoulos N, Choinopoulos I, Pitsikalis M. Poly{
dl
‐lactide‐
b
‐[oligo(ethylene glycol) methyl ether (meth)acrylate)]} block copolymers. Synthesis, characterization, micellization behavior in aqueous solutions and encapsulation of model hydrophobic compounds. JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/pol.20200042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nikos Karanikolopoulos
- Industrial Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Athens Greece
| | - Ioannis Choinopoulos
- Industrial Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Athens Greece
| | - Marinos Pitsikalis
- Industrial Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Athens Greece
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36
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Zartner L, Muthwill MS, Dinu IA, Schoenenberger CA, Palivan CG. The rise of bio-inspired polymer compartments responding to pathology-related signals. J Mater Chem B 2020; 8:6252-6270. [PMID: 32452509 DOI: 10.1039/d0tb00475h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Self-organized nano- and microscale polymer compartments such as polymersomes, giant unilamellar vesicles (GUVs), polyion complex vesicles (PICsomes) and layer-by-layer (LbL) capsules have increasing potential in many sensing applications. Besides modifying the physicochemical properties of the corresponding polymer building blocks, the versatility of these compartments can be markedly expanded by biomolecules that endow the nanomaterials with specific molecular and cellular functions. In this review, we focus on polymer-based compartments that preserve their structure, and highlight the key role they play in the field of medical diagnostics: first, the self-assembling abilities that result in preferred architectures are presented for a broad range of polymers. In the following, we describe different strategies for sensing disease-related signals (pH-change, reductive conditions, and presence of ions or biomolecules) by polymer compartments that exhibit stimuli-responsiveness. In particular, we distinguish between the stimulus-sensitivity contributed by the polymer itself or by additional compounds embedded in the compartments in different sensing systems. We then address necessary properties of sensing polymeric compartments, such as the enhancement of their stability and biocompatibility, or the targeting ability, that open up new perspectives for diagnostic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luisa Zartner
- Chemistry Department, University of Basel, Mattenstr. 24a, BPR1096, Basel, Switzerland.
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37
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Abstract
In nature, various specific reactions only occur in spatially controlled environments. Cell compartment and subcompartments act as the support required to preserve the bio-specificity and functionality of the biological content, by affording absolute segregation. Inspired by this natural perfect behavior, bottom-up approaches are on focus to develop artificial cell-like structures, crucial for understanding relevant bioprocesses and interactions or to produce tailored solutions in the field of therapeutics and diagnostics. In this review, we discuss the benefits of constructing polymer-based single and multicompartments (capsules and giant unilamellar vesicles (GUVs)), equipped with biomolecules as to mimic cells. In this respect, we outline key examples of how such structures have been designed from scratch, namely, starting from the application-oriented selection and synthesis of the amphiphilic block copolymer. We then present the state-of-the-art techniques for assembling the supramolecular structure while permitting the encapsulation of active compounds and the incorporation of peptides/membrane proteins, essential to support in situ reactions, e.g., to replicate intracellular signaling cascades. Finally, we briefly discuss important features that these compartments offer and how they could be applied to engineer the next generation of microreactors, therapeutic solutions, and cell models.
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38
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Krywko-Cendrowska A, di Leone S, Bina M, Yorulmaz-Avsar S, Palivan CG, Meier W. Recent Advances in Hybrid Biomimetic Polymer-Based Films: from Assembly to Applications. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:E1003. [PMID: 32357541 PMCID: PMC7285097 DOI: 10.3390/polym12051003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2020] [Revised: 04/15/2020] [Accepted: 04/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Biological membranes, in addition to being a cell boundary, can host a variety of proteins that are involved in different biological functions, including selective nutrient transport, signal transduction, inter- and intra-cellular communication, and cell-cell recognition. Due to their extreme complexity, there has been an increasing interest in developing model membrane systems of controlled properties based on combinations of polymers and different biomacromolecules, i.e., polymer-based hybrid films. In this review, we have highlighted recent advances in the development and applications of hybrid biomimetic planar systems based on different polymeric species. We have focused in particular on hybrid films based on (i) polyelectrolytes, (ii) polymer brushes, as well as (iii) tethers and cushions formed from synthetic polymers, and (iv) block copolymers and their combinations with biomacromolecules, such as lipids, proteins, enzymes, biopolymers, and chosen nanoparticles. In this respect, multiple approaches to the synthesis, characterization, and processing of such hybrid films have been presented. The review has further exemplified their bioengineering, biomedical, and environmental applications, in dependence on the composition and properties of the respective hybrids. We believed that this comprehensive review would be of interest to both the specialists in the field of biomimicry as well as persons entering the field.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Cornelia G. Palivan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel, Mattenstrasse 24a, BPR 1096, 4058 Basel, Switzerland; (A.K.-C.); (S.d.L.); (M.B.); (S.Y.-A.)
| | - Wolfgang Meier
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel, Mattenstrasse 24a, BPR 1096, 4058 Basel, Switzerland; (A.K.-C.); (S.d.L.); (M.B.); (S.Y.-A.)
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39
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Belluati A, Mikhalevich V, Yorulmaz Avsar S, Daubian D, Craciun I, Chami M, Meier WP, Palivan CG. How Do the Properties of Amphiphilic Polymer Membranes Influence the Functional Insertion of Peptide Pores? Biomacromolecules 2019; 21:701-715. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.9b01416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Belluati
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel, Mattenstrasse 24a, BPR 1096, 4058 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Viktoria Mikhalevich
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel, Mattenstrasse 24a, BPR 1096, 4058 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Saziye Yorulmaz Avsar
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel, Mattenstrasse 24a, BPR 1096, 4058 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Davy Daubian
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel, Mattenstrasse 24a, BPR 1096, 4058 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Ioana Craciun
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel, Mattenstrasse 24a, BPR 1096, 4058 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Mohamed Chami
- BioEM Lab, Biozentrum, University of Basel, Mattenstrasse 26, 4058 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Wolfgang P. Meier
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel, Mattenstrasse 24a, BPR 1096, 4058 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Cornelia G. Palivan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel, Mattenstrasse 24a, BPR 1096, 4058 Basel, Switzerland
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Jia Y, Wang C, Zheng J, Lin G, Ni D, Shen Z, Huang B, Li Y, Guan J, Hong W, Chen Y, Wu R. Novel nanomedicine with a chemical-exchange saturation transfer effect for breast cancer treatment in vivo. J Nanobiotechnology 2019; 17:123. [PMID: 31847857 PMCID: PMC6918642 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-019-0557-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2019] [Accepted: 12/10/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nanomedicine is a promising new approach to cancer treatment that avoids the disadvantages of traditional chemotherapy and improves therapeutic indices. However, the lack of a real-time visualization imaging technology to monitor drug distribution greatly limits its clinical application. Image-tracked drug delivery is of great clinical interest; it is useful for identifying those patients for whom the therapy is more likely to be beneficial. This paper discusses a novel nanomedicine that displays features of nanoparticles and facilitates functional magnetic resonance imaging but is challenging to prepare. RESULTS To achieve this goal, we synthesized an acylamino-containing amphiphilic block copolymer (polyethylene glycol-polyacrylamide-polyacetonitrile, PEG-b-P(AM-co-AN)) by reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization. The PEG-b-P(AM-co-AN) has chemical exchange saturation transfer (CEST) effects, which enable the use of CEST imaging for monitoring nanocarrier accumulation and providing molecular information of pathological tissues. Based on PEG-b-P(AM-co-AN), a new nanomedicine PEG-PAM-PAN@DOX was constructed by nano-precipitation. The self-assembling nature of PEG-PAM-PAN@DOX made the synthesis effective, straightforward, and biocompatible. In vitro studies demonstrate decreased cytotoxicity of PEG-PAM-PAN@DOX compared to free doxorubicin (half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50), mean ~ 0.62 μg/mL vs. ~ 5 μg/mL), and the nanomedicine more efficiently entered the cytoplasm and nucleus of cancer cells to kill them. Further, in vivo animal experiments showed that the nanomedicine developed was not only effective against breast cancer, but also displayed an excellent sensitive CEST effect for monitoring drug accumulation (at about 0.5 ppm) in tumor areas. The CEST signal of post-injection 2 h was significantly higher than that of pre-injection (2.17 ± 0.88% vs. 0. 09 ± 0.75%, p < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS The nanomedicine with CEST imaging reflects the characterization of tumors and therapeutic functions has great potential medical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanlong Jia
- Department of Radiology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, People's Republic of China
| | - Chaochao Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Advanced Polymeric Materials, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai, 200237, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiehua Zheng
- Department of General Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, People's Republic of China
| | - Guisen Lin
- Department of Radiology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, People's Republic of China
| | - Dalong Ni
- Departments of Radiology and Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53705, USA
| | - Zhiwei Shen
- Department of Radiology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, People's Republic of China
| | - Baoxuan Huang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Advanced Polymeric Materials, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai, 200237, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Li
- Department of Radiology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, People's Republic of China
| | - Jitian Guan
- Department of Radiology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, People's Republic of China
| | - Weida Hong
- Department of General Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuanfeng Chen
- Department of Radiology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, People's Republic of China
| | - Renhua Wu
- Department of Radiology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, People's Republic of China.
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