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Rasouli A, Majnouni A, Balam FH, Badpeyma M, Mozafarinia M, Mohammadi SG, Mohseni GK, Sadeghi N, Rasegh P, Kazemi M, Alizadeh M, Shiri-Shahsavar MR. Association of macronutrient intake, physical activity, anxiety, and depression with sleep quality among Iranian male adolescents. BMC Res Notes 2024; 17:298. [PMID: 39380103 PMCID: PMC11462995 DOI: 10.1186/s13104-024-06948-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 09/17/2024] [Indexed: 10/10/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adolescence is a unique stage of life accompanied by physiological and psychological modifications, along with stress, confusion, and depression. MATERIALS AND METHODS The present descriptive-analytical cross-sectional research was done on 267 male adolescents who studied at high schools in Zanjan, Iran. Demographic characteristics questionnaires, a 48-item food frequency questionnaire, a short version of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ), the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (DASS-21), and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) were used to collect data. RESULTS The mean ± standard deviation (SD) of age, weight, height, and sitting time was 15.94 ± 0.91 years, 68.53 ± 15.28 kg, 1.75 ± 0.06 m, and 449.25 ± 322.06 min, respectively. The study results showed that students with poor sleep quality showed a higher rate of depression than those with good sleep quality in the high and low physical activity groups (p < 0.05). The stress, depression, and anxiety scores significantly correlated with sleep quality in the physical activity groups (p < 0.05). The structural equation model analysis results showed that mental health directly affected sleep quality; this association was significant in the low physical activity group. CONCLUSION We found that sleep quality was independently related to mental health in young Iranian men. However, dietary intake was not a significant predictor of mental health or sleep quality. More studies are required to evaluate the association between dietary intake and sleep quality in adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmadreza Rasouli
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Amin Majnouni
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Maku Branch, Islamic Azad University, Maku, Iran
| | - Farinaz Hosseini Balam
- Student Research Committee, Department of Cellular and Molecular Nutrition, School of Nutrition Sciences & Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohaddeseh Badpeyma
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Maedeh Mozafarinia
- Department of Nutrition, School of Medical Sciences and Technologies, Science and Research Branch Tehran, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shirin Ghotboddin Mohammadi
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutrition & Food Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Golsa Khalatbari Mohseni
- Department of Nutrition, School of Allied Medical Science, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Narges Sadeghi
- Department of Nutrition, School of Allied Medical Science, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Pasha Rasegh
- District Health center of Maku City, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Morteza Kazemi
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Alizadeh
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Maku Branch, Islamic Azad University, Maku, Iran.
| | - Mohammad Reza Shiri-Shahsavar
- Department of Nutrition, School of Health, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran.
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Research Institute for Prevention of Non- Communicable Diseases, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran.
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Adams EL, Estradé M, Lewis EC, Poirier-Barna L, Smith MT, Gittelsohn J. Perceptions around sleep hygiene practices and beliefs among urban Black adolescents and their caregivers during the COVID-19 pandemic. Sleep Health 2024:S2352-7218(24)00168-2. [PMID: 39332925 DOI: 10.1016/j.sleh.2024.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2024] [Revised: 07/12/2024] [Accepted: 07/18/2024] [Indexed: 09/29/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study gathered adolescent and caregiver perspectives on sleep hygiene practices and beliefs for Black families living in low-resourced urban communities. METHODS Semistructured interviews were conducted with adolescents (n = 9) and caregivers (n = 9) from January-March 2021, during the COVID-19 pandemic. Interview questions included adolescent's current sleep habits, barriers, and home and neighborhood influences. Trained researchers coded data using inductive analysis and a constant comparative method to derive themes. RESULTS Two themes focused on sleep hygiene practices, including items used to facilitate sleep (e.g., melatonin, electronics) and COVID-19 consequences on sleep schedules. Two themes focused on sleep hygiene beliefs, including a common value on the importance of sleep and influences on caregiver's bedtime rules. CONCLUSIONS Findings provide important insights on sleep hygiene practices and beliefs in a historically marginalized population of Black adolescents and caregivers in urban communities to inform targeted sleep interventions, policies, and programs for optimal sleep and well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth L Adams
- Department of Exercise Science, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina, United States; Research Center for Child Well-Being, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina, United States
| | - Michelle Estradé
- Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, United States
| | - Emma C Lewis
- Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, United States
| | - Lisa Poirier-Barna
- Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, United States
| | - Michael T Smith
- Department of Psychiatry, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States
| | - Joel Gittelsohn
- Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, United States.
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Mao T, Rao H. Mild sleep loss impacts food cue processing in adolescent brain. Sleep 2024; 47:zsad074. [PMID: 38213061 DOI: 10.1093/sleep/zsad074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Tianxin Mao
- Center for Magnetic Resonance Imaging Research and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain-Machine Intelligence for Information Behavior, Shanghai International Studies University, Shanghai, China
- Center for Functional Neuroimaging, Department of Neurology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Hengyi Rao
- Center for Magnetic Resonance Imaging Research and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain-Machine Intelligence for Information Behavior, Shanghai International Studies University, Shanghai, China
- Center for Functional Neuroimaging, Department of Neurology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Chronobiology and Sleep Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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Xu J, Luo L, Gamaldo A, Verdery A, Hardy M, Buxton OM, Xiao Q. Trends in sleep duration in the U.S. from 2004 to 2018: A decomposition analysis. SSM Popul Health 2024; 25:101562. [PMID: 38077245 PMCID: PMC10698270 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssmph.2023.101562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Revised: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Average sleep duration in the United States declined in recent years, and the decline may be linked with many biopsychosocial factors. We examine how a set of biopsychosocial factors have differentially contributed to the temporal trends in self-reported sleep duration across racial groups between 2004-2005 and 2017-2018. Using repeated nationally representative cross-sections from the National Health Interview Survey, we decompose the influence of biopsychosocial factors on sleep duration trends into two components. One component corresponds to coefficient changes (i.e., changes in the associations between behaviors or exposures and sleep duration) of key biopsychosocial factors, and the other part accounts for the compositional changes (i.e., changes in the distributions of exposures) in these biopsychosocial factors during the study period. We reveal that changes in the coefficients of some biopsychosocial factors are more important than compositional changes in explaining the decline in sleep duration within each racial/ethnic group. Our findings highlight racial differences manifest across multiple biopsychosocial domains that are shifting in terms of association and composition. Methodologically, we note that the standard regression approach for analyzing temporal trends neglects the role of coefficient changes over time and is thus insufficient for fully capturing how biopsychosocial factors may have influenced the temporal patterns in sleep duration and related health outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahui Xu
- The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
| | - Liying Luo
- The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
| | | | - Ashton Verdery
- The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
| | - Melissa Hardy
- The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
| | | | - Qian Xiao
- The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
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Andersen TO, Sejling C, Jensen AK, Dissing AS, Severinsen ER, Drews HJ, Sørensen TIA, Varga TV, Rod NH. Self-reported and tracked nighttime smartphone use and their association with overweight and cardiometabolic risk markers. Sci Rep 2024; 14:4861. [PMID: 38418905 PMCID: PMC10902390 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-55349-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Nighttime smartphone use is associated with sleep problems, which in turn have a bidirectional association with overweight. We aim to investigate whether nighttime smartphone use and sleep are related to overweight and metabolic dysfunction in adult populations. We used data from three population samples (aged 16-89) from the SmartSleep Study, which included survey data (N = 29,838), high-resolution tracking data (N = 3446), follow-up data (N = 1768), and cardiometabolic risk markers (N = 242). Frequent self-reported nighttime smartphone use was associated with 51% higher odds (95% CI: 1.32; 1.70) of overweight compared with no use. Tracked nighttime smartphone use was also associated with overweight. Similar results were found for obesity as an outcome. No consistent associations were found between nighttime smartphone use and cardiometabolic risk markers in a small subsample of healthy young women. Poor sleep quality (vs. good sleep quality) was associated with overweight (OR = 1.19, 85% CI: 1.10; 1.28). Overall, frequent nighttime smartphone use was consistently associated with overweight and a higher BMI across diverse population samples. The bidirectional interplay between nighttime smartphone use, sleep, and overweight may create a vicious circle of metabolic dysfunction over time. Therefore, nighttime smartphone use may be a potential target point for public health interventions to reduce overweight at the population level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thea Otte Andersen
- Section of Epidemiology, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Christoffer Sejling
- Section of Biostatistics, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Andreas Kryger Jensen
- Section of Biostatistics, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Agnete Skovlund Dissing
- Real World Evidence & Epidemiology, Department of Value Evidence and Patient Insights, H. Lundbeck A/S, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Elin Rosenbek Severinsen
- Section of Epidemiology, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Henning Johannes Drews
- Section of Epidemiology, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Thorkild I A Sørensen
- Section of Epidemiology, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Tibor V Varga
- Section of Epidemiology, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Naja Hulvej Rod
- Section of Epidemiology, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Olorunmoteni OE, Gómez-Olivé FX, Fatusi AO, Scheuermaier K. Multidimensions of sleep health among in-school adolescents in rural and urban areas in southwestern Nigeria. Sleep Health 2024; 10:S170-S179. [PMID: 38092639 DOI: 10.1016/j.sleh.2023.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Revised: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/11/2023] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Previous studies have focused on sleep inequities among disadvantaged populations in high-income countries. However, little is known about the differences in sleep health among adolescents in Africa. We aimed to compare the multidimensions of sleep health in adolescents living in rural vs. urban communities in Nigeria. METHODS This cross-sectional study enrolled adolescents aged 13-19 in six rural and six urban schools in Osun State, Nigeria. We measured the prevalence of poor sleep quality (Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index score >5), daytime sleepiness (Epworth Sleepiness Scale for Children and Adolescents score >10), and risk of sleep apnea (Teen STOPBANG). We compared the sleep health variables between the rural and urban populations using multivariable logistic regression. RESULTS Of the 900 participants (51% rural; 59% female; average age (SD)= 15.1(1.4) years), 79% had short sleep duration (<8.5 hours), 14.9% poor sleep quality, 9.6% excessive daytime sleepiness and 9.8% risk of sleep apnea. Urban adolescents had a higher prevalence of poor sleep quality (p = .004), short sleep duration (p < .001), daytime sleepiness (p = .044), and risk of sleep apnea (p = .006) compared to rural adolescents. The adjusted odds of having poor sleep quality (p = .008) and daytime sleepiness (p = .007) were about 2-fold higher among urban compared to rural adolescents. Later school end time, having single/separated parent(s), absence of parental setting of bedtime were independently associated with poorer sleep health. CONCLUSION Adolescents in rural communities had better sleep health than adolescents in urban communities. There is a need to develop interventions to improve the sleep quality and overall sleep health of urban-dwelling adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oluwatosin Eunice Olorunmoteni
- Wits Sleep Laboratory, Brain Function Research Group, School of Physiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa; Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, College of Health Sciences, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Osun State, Nigeria
| | - Francesc-Xavier Gómez-Olivé
- MRC/Wits Rural Public Health and Health Transitions Research Unit (Agincourt), School of Public Health (Education Campus), Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Adesegun Olayiwola Fatusi
- School of Public Health, University of Medical Sciences, Ondo City, Ondo State, Nigeria; Department of Community Health, College of Health Sciences, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Osun State, Nigeria
| | - Karine Scheuermaier
- Wits Sleep Laboratory, Brain Function Research Group, School of Physiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.
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Lins-Filho ODL, Andrade-Lima A, Torres AD, Oliveira LM, Luiz do-Prado W, Ritti-Dias R, Christofaro DGD, Farah BQ. Association between Sleep Quality and Cardiac Autonomic Modulation in Adolescents: A Cross Sectional Study. Sleep Sci 2023; 16:e462-e467. [PMID: 38197026 PMCID: PMC10773521 DOI: 10.1055/s-0043-1776750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective To analyze the impact of sleep quality/duration on cardiac autonomic modulation on physically active adolescents with obesity. Materials and Methods The present cross-sectional study included 1,150 boys with a mean age of 16.6 ± 1.2 years. The assessment of cardiac functions included the frequency domain of heart rate variability (HRV; low frequency - LF; high frequency - HF; and the ratio between these bands -LF/HF -, defined as the sympathovagal balance), and each parameter was categorized as low / high . Physical activity levels and sleep quality/duration were obtained by questionnaires. Abdominal obesity was assessed and defined as waist circumference > 80 th percentile. Results Poor sleep quality resulted in lower HF (odds ratio [OR]: 1.8; 95% confidence interval [95%CI]: 1.01-3.21]) regardless of physical activity and abdominal obesity. Moreover, the study found no association between sleep duration and HRV parameters in adolescents. Conclusion Sleep quality, not sleep duration, reduces parasympathetic cardiac modulation apart from other factors such as physical activity and abdominal obesity in adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ozeas de Lima Lins-Filho
- Department of Medicine, Post-Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Universidade de Pernambuco, Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - Aluisio Andrade-Lima
- Department of Physical Education, Universidade Federal do Sergipe, Aracaju, SE, Brazil
| | - Auguste Daniel Torres
- Department of Kinesiology, California State University, San Bernardino, San Bernardino, CA, United States of America
| | - Luciano Machado Oliveira
- Post-Graduate Program in Physical Education, Department of Physical Education, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, PE, Brazil
- Post-graduate programa in Nutrition, Physical Activity, and Phenotypic Plasticity, Department of Physical Education, Centro Acadêmico de Vitória, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Vitória de Santo Antão, PE, Brazil
| | - Wagner Luiz do-Prado
- Department of Kinesiology, California State University, San Bernardino, San Bernardino, CA, United States of America
| | - Raphael Ritti-Dias
- Post-Graduate Program in Rehabilitation Sciences, Department of Physical Education, Universidade Nove de Julho, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Breno Quintella Farah
- Post-Graduate Program in Physical Education, Department of Physical Education, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, PE, Brazil
- Department of Physical Education, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Recife, PE, Brazil
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Olorunmoteni OE, Gómez-Olivé FX, Popoola BO, Fatusi AO, Scheuermaier K. Adolescent sleep health in Africa: a scoping review protocol. BMJ Open 2023; 13:e067373. [PMID: 37591652 PMCID: PMC10441092 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2022-067373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Problematic sleep is a major threat to health and quality of life among adolescents. Hence, to provide directions for research and interventions, there is a need to examine the literature on adolescent sleep health in Africa. However, available studies on adolescent sleep health in Africa have not been properly mapped. Thus, this scoping review aims to investigate the extent and type of available evidence concerning sleep health among adolescents in Africa and to highlight the relationship of adolescent sleep health with adverse mental health outcomes and cardiometabolic risk factors. The review will further highlight areas of agreement and controversies on adolescent sleep health, and identify evidence gaps that require research attention across the continent. METHODS AND ANALYSIS This scoping review will be conducted using Arksey and O'Malley's six-step procedure. Thus, we have prepared this protocol according to the framework for scoping reviews developed by the Joanna Briggs Institute. To identify eligible studies, we will search MEDLINE, Scopus, PsycINFO, AJOL, JSTOR, HINARI and Google Scholar. The review will include all published articles in English, French, Spanish, Portuguese and Italian languages on adolescent sleep health in Africa from the inception of the databases, while relevant information will be extracted from included studies using an adapted data extraction tool. The results will be presented using tables and charts as appropriate. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION The scoping review does not require ethical approval because the publications to be used for the review are publicly available and the study does not involve contact with humans or other animals as research participants. Furthermore, clinical records will not be used for the study. Upon completion, findings from the study will be disseminated through presentations at scientific meetings and publication in a relevant peer-reviewed journal. SCOPING REVIEW REGISTRATION Open Science Framework (https://osf.io/5sjwq/).
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Affiliation(s)
- Oluwatosin Eunice Olorunmoteni
- Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
- School of Physiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - F Xavier Gómez-Olivé
- Medical Research Council/Wits Rural Health and Health Transitions Unit (Agincourt), School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | | | - Adesegun Olayiwola Fatusi
- Department of Community Medicine, University of Medical Sciences, Ondo, Nigeria
- Department of Community Health, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
| | - Karine Scheuermaier
- School of Physiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
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Kobiec T, Mardaraz C, Toro-Urrego N, Kölliker-Frers R, Capani F, Otero-Losada M. Neuroprotection in metabolic syndrome by environmental enrichment. A lifespan perspective. Front Neurosci 2023; 17:1214468. [PMID: 37638319 PMCID: PMC10447983 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1214468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is defined by the concurrence of different metabolic conditions: obesity, hypertension, dyslipidemia, and hyperglycemia. Its incidence has been increasingly rising over the past decades and has become a global health problem. MetS has deleterious consequences on the central nervous system (CNS) and neurological development. MetS can last several years or be lifelong, affecting the CNS in different ways and treatments can help manage condition, though there is no known cure. The early childhood years are extremely important in neurodevelopment, which extends beyond, encompassing a lifetime. Neuroplastic changes take place all life through - childhood, adolescence, adulthood, and old age - are highly sensitive to environmental input. Environmental factors have an important role in the etiopathogenesis and treatment of MetS, so environmental enrichment (EE) stands as a promising non-invasive therapeutic approach. While the EE paradigm has been designed for animal housing, its principles can be and actually are applied in cognitive, sensory, social, and physical stimulation programs for humans. Here, we briefly review the central milestones in neurodevelopment at each life stage, along with the research studies carried out on how MetS affects neurodevelopment at each life stage and the contributions that EE models can provide to improve health over the lifespan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamara Kobiec
- Facultad de Psicología, Centro de Investigaciones en Psicología y Psicopedagogía, Pontificia Universidad Católica Argentina, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Centro de Altos Estudios en Ciencias Humanas y de la Salud, Universidad Abierta Interamericana, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Claudia Mardaraz
- Centro de Altos Estudios en Ciencias Humanas y de la Salud, Universidad Abierta Interamericana, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Nicolás Toro-Urrego
- Centro de Altos Estudios en Ciencias Humanas y de la Salud, Universidad Abierta Interamericana, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Rodolfo Kölliker-Frers
- Centro de Altos Estudios en Ciencias Humanas y de la Salud, Universidad Abierta Interamericana, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Francisco Capani
- Centro de Altos Estudios en Ciencias Humanas y de la Salud, Universidad Abierta Interamericana, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Matilde Otero-Losada
- Centro de Altos Estudios en Ciencias Humanas y de la Salud, Universidad Abierta Interamericana, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Barrea L, Verde L, Di Lorenzo C, Savastano S, Colao A, Muscogiuri G. Can the ketogenic diet improve our dreams? Effect of very low-calorie ketogenic diet (VLCKD) on sleep quality. J Transl Med 2023; 21:479. [PMID: 37464397 PMCID: PMC10353204 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-023-04280-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity is a condition that is often associated with sleep disorders, including reduced sleep quality (SQ). Very low calorie ketogenic diet (VLCKD) has proven to be effective in the management of obesity and associated metabolic disorders. However, little is still known about the effects of this promising nutritional protocol on SQ. Thus, the purpose of this study was to investigate the short-term effect of VLCKD on SQ in women with overweight/obesity and if any changes, to identify the predictive factor that through VLCKD modified SQ. METHODS Were consecutively enrolled a total of 324 subjects, who met the inclusion criteria and accepted to adhere to VLCKD. Assessment of nutritional status, including anthropometric measurements (height, weight, and waist circumference), bioelectrical impedance analysis (phase-sensitive system, 50 kHz BIA 101 RJL, Akern Bioresearch, Florence, Italy Akern), high sensitivity C reactive protein levels (hs-CRP), and SQ were carried out at baseline and after 31 days of active stage of VLCKD. SQ was evaluated using the validated questionnaire Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). RESULTS In addition to the expected general improvement of anthropometric parameters and body composition, VLCKD improved significantly SQ, as demonstrated by the improvement of all parameters included in the PSQI questionnaire (p < 0.001). Both at baseline and after 31 days of active stage of VLCKD, the PSQI score was significantly associated with BMI, waist circumference, fat mass, fat free mass (p < 0.001 for all) and hs-CRP (p = 0.023). PhA was negatively associated with PSQI score only at baseline (p < 0.001). ∆% PSQI positively correlated with ∆% BMI, ∆% fat mass, ∆% hs-CRP (p < 0.001 for all) and negatively correlated with ∆% fat free mass (p < 0.001), and ∆% PhA (p = 0.031). In the multiple regression analysis ∆% fat mass represented the only predictor of changes in SQ after VLCKD. Finally, in the ROC analysis, a threshold value of ∆% fat mass > - 8.4% predicted improvement in SQ (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION In conclusion, VLCKD determines an improvement of SQ in women with overweight and obesity, that was mostly mediated by the reduction of fat mass related to this nutritional protocol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luigi Barrea
- Dipartimento di Scienze Umanistiche, Università Telematica Pegaso, Via Porzio, Centro Direzionale, isola F2, Napoli, 80143, Italy.
- Unità di Endocrinologia, Diabetologia e Andrologia, Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Centro Italiano per la cura e il Benessere del paziente con Obesità (C.I.B.O), Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Via Sergio Pansini 5, 80131, Naples, Italy.
| | - Ludovica Verde
- Unità di Endocrinologia, Diabetologia e Andrologia, Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Centro Italiano per la cura e il Benessere del paziente con Obesità (C.I.B.O), Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Via Sergio Pansini 5, 80131, Naples, Italy
- Department of Public Health, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Cherubino Di Lorenzo
- Department of Medico-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome Polo Pontino-ICOT, Latina, 04100, Italy
| | - Silvia Savastano
- Unità di Endocrinologia, Diabetologia e Andrologia, Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Centro Italiano per la cura e il Benessere del paziente con Obesità (C.I.B.O), Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Via Sergio Pansini 5, 80131, Naples, Italy
- Unità di Endocrinologia, Diabetologia e Andrologia, Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Via Sergio Pansini 5, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Annamaria Colao
- Unità di Endocrinologia, Diabetologia e Andrologia, Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Centro Italiano per la cura e il Benessere del paziente con Obesità (C.I.B.O), Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Via Sergio Pansini 5, 80131, Naples, Italy
- Unità di Endocrinologia, Diabetologia e Andrologia, Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Via Sergio Pansini 5, 80131, Naples, Italy
- Cattedra Unesco "Educazione alla salute e allo sviluppo sostenibile", University Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Giovanna Muscogiuri
- Unità di Endocrinologia, Diabetologia e Andrologia, Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Centro Italiano per la cura e il Benessere del paziente con Obesità (C.I.B.O), Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Via Sergio Pansini 5, 80131, Naples, Italy
- Unità di Endocrinologia, Diabetologia e Andrologia, Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Via Sergio Pansini 5, 80131, Naples, Italy
- Cattedra Unesco "Educazione alla salute e allo sviluppo sostenibile", University Federico II, Naples, Italy
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11
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Chuang HH, Lin RH, Hsu JF, Chuang LP, Li HY, Fang TJ, Huang YS, Yang AC, Lee GS, Kuo TBJ, Yang CCH, Lee LA. Dietary profile of pediatric obstructive sleep apnea patients, effects of routine educational counseling, and predictors for outcomes. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1160647. [PMID: 37377550 PMCID: PMC10291126 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1160647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Dietary behavior is a main contributing yet modifiable factor to the body weight status of children and may be involved in the pathophysiology of childhood obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). This study aimed to investigate the dietary profile of pediatric OSA patients, effects of educational counseling after adenotonsillectomy, and predictor for disease resolution. Methods This observational study included 50 pediatric OSA patients undergoing adenotonsillectomy with routine educational counseling (Group 1), 50 pediatric OSA patients undergoing adenotonsillectomy without formal educational counseling (Group 2), and 303 healthy children without OSA (Control). The three groups were matched by age. The consumption frequency of 25 food items/groups was assessed by the Short Food Frequency Questionnaire. Quality of life was evaluated by the OSA-18 questionnaire. Sleep architecture and OSA severity were measured by standard polysomnography. Between- and within-group comparisons were analyzed by non-parametric approaches and generalized estimating equations. Prediction of disease recovery was performed by multivariable logistic regression models. Results Group 1 children consumed fruit drinks with sugar, vegetables, sweets, chocolate, rice, and noodles more frequently than Control Group children. At baseline, the distributions of sex, weight status, OSA-18 scores, and polysomnographic variables were comparable between Group 1 and Group 2. After a 12-month follow-up, Group 1 had better improvements in physical suffering, caregiver concerns, sleep architecture, and mean peripheral oxygen saturation compared to Group 2. Furthermore, Group 1 no longer had excessive consumption of fruit drinks with sugar, chocolate, and noodles; however, food consumption frequencies did not change significantly. Notably, younger age and reduced intake of butter/margarine on bread and noodles were independent predictors of cured OSA in Group 1. Conclusion The present study preliminarily characterized an unhealthy dietary profile among pediatric OSA patients and suggested that routine educational counseling in addition to adenotonsillectomy yielded some clinical benefits. Certain items/groups of food frequencies may be associated with disease recovery and further investigations are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Hua Chuang
- Department of Family Medicine, Taipei and Linkou Main Branches, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Metabolism and Obesity Institute, Taipei and Linkou Main Branches, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Department of Industrial Engineering and Manage-ment, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Rong-Ho Lin
- Department of Industrial Engineering and Manage-ment, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jen-Fu Hsu
- Metabolism and Obesity Institute, Taipei and Linkou Main Branches, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Department of Pediatrics, Linkou Main Branch, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Li-Pang Chuang
- Metabolism and Obesity Institute, Taipei and Linkou Main Branches, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Linkou Main Branch, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Sleep Center, Linkou Main Branch, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Hsueh-Yu Li
- Metabolism and Obesity Institute, Taipei and Linkou Main Branches, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Sleep Center, Linkou Main Branch, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology – Head and Neck Surgery, Linkou Main Branch, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Tuan-Jen Fang
- Metabolism and Obesity Institute, Taipei and Linkou Main Branches, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Sleep Center, Linkou Main Branch, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology – Head and Neck Surgery, Linkou Main Branch, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Shu Huang
- Metabolism and Obesity Institute, Taipei and Linkou Main Branches, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Sleep Center, Linkou Main Branch, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Department of Child Psychiatry, Linkou Main Branch, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Albert C. Yang
- Department of Psychiatry, Taipei Veter-ans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Institute of Brain Science, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Guo-She Lee
- Faculty of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Otolaryngology, Ren-Ai Branch, Taipei City Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Terry B. J. Kuo
- Institute of Brain Science, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Tsaotun Psychiatric Center, Ministry of Health and Wel-fare, Nantou, Taiwan
- Sleep Research Center, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Cheryl C. H. Yang
- Institute of Brain Science, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Sleep Research Center, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Li-Ang Lee
- Metabolism and Obesity Institute, Taipei and Linkou Main Branches, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Sleep Center, Linkou Main Branch, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology – Head and Neck Surgery, Linkou Main Branch, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Institute of Brain Science, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
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12
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Hirsch S, Gaultney J. Sleep disturbances in individuals with down syndrome: An overview. JOURNAL OF INTELLECTUAL DISABILITIES : JOID 2023:17446295231173011. [PMID: 37105757 DOI: 10.1177/17446295231173011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Down Syndrome, or Trisomy 21, is one of the most common birth defects, with 6,000 babies born annually with Down Syndrome in the U.S. One of many health risk factors individuals with Down Syndrome experience is sleep issues, ranging from poor sleep quality to high prevalence of obstructive sleep apnea. This literature review aims to review these sleep challenges in this population and explore consequences and treatment options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie Hirsch
- Department of Psychological Science and Health Psychology PhD Program, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, USA
| | - Jane Gaultney
- Department of Psychological Science and Health Psychology PhD Program, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, USA
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13
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Deshpande SN, Simkin DR. Complementary and Integrative Approaches to Prevention and Treatment of Child and Adolescent Obesity. Child Adolesc Psychiatr Clin N Am 2023; 32:395-419. [PMID: 37147044 DOI: 10.1016/j.chc.2022.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Childhood obesity is a significant global challenge with increasing prevalence. It is associated with long-term health risks. Interventions especially early on can be effective in the prevention and reducing the impact on health in children. In children, dysbiosis and inflammation are associated with obesity. Studies demonstrate that intensive lifestyle interventions in form of parent education, motivational interviewing to improve diet and exercise as well as mindfulness, and sleep improvement can help alleviate the risk. The article outlines the current research describing complementary and integrative approaches to the prevention and treatment of obesity in children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swapna N Deshpande
- Department of Psychiatry, Oklahoma State University, 5310 E 31st St, Tulsa, OK 74135, USA.
| | - Deborah R Simkin
- Department of Psychiatry, Emory University School of Medicine, 4641 Gulfstarr Dr., Suite 106, Destin, FL 32541, USA
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14
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Olvera N, Hein S, Matthews-Ewald M, Zhang R, Scherer R. Lace Up and Mindfulness: A Randomized Controlled Trial Intervention to Reduce Emotional Eating, Anxiety, and Sleep Disturbances in Latinx and Black Youth. CHILDREN 2023; 10:children10030538. [PMID: 36980096 PMCID: PMC10046922 DOI: 10.3390/children10030538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023]
Abstract
This study assessed the effects of a 12-week afterschool mindfulness-based diet and exercise intervention on mental and physical health in Latinx and Black youth. One hundred forty-eight boys and girls (average age = 10.1 years, SD = 1.3 years; 52% girls; 72.3% Latinx) were randomized to either the experimental group (n = 80) or the control group (n = 68). The experimental group participants engaged in fitness yoga, kickboxing, and/or spinning sessions, and mindfulness practices (e.g., breathing, meditation, and mindful eating) twice per week for 12 weeks. The control group participants engaged in a recreational play session once per week for 12 weeks. All participants completed surveys (demographics, acculturation, anxiety, emotional eating, sleep, and food intake) and had their height, weight, and percent body fat measured pre- and post-intervention. Participants wore an accelerometer for 7 days pre- and post-intervention. Repeated measures analysis of covariance indicated that the experimental group participants reported lower scores in emotional eating, anxiety, and sleep latency post-intervention compared to the control group participants. Conversely, no significant differences were observed in physical activity between the experimental and control group participants post-intervention. These findings indicate that a mindfulness-based intervention has a positive effect on emotional eating, anxiety, and sleep latency among youth of color.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norma Olvera
- Department of Psychological, Health, and Learning Sciences, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204, USA
- Correspondence:
| | - Sascha Hein
- Department of Education and Psychology, Free University Berlin, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Rongfang Zhang
- Department of Psychological, Health, and Learning Sciences, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204, USA
| | - Rhonda Scherer
- Sports & Fitness, University of Houston-Downtown, Houston, TX 77002, USA
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15
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Wray B, Grimes A, Eighmy K, Lightner J. The Relationship Between Social Integration and Physical Activity, Diet, and Sleep Among Youths: Cross-sectional Survey Study. JMIR Pediatr Parent 2022; 5:e40354. [PMID: 36416871 PMCID: PMC9730203 DOI: 10.2196/40354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Revised: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Social integration has been shown to predict physical activity (PA), diet, and sleep in adults. However, these associations have not been well-studied in youth samples. Using a life course perspective, it is imperative to study this in youths as social and health behaviors are established early in life. OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to understand the relationship between social integration and PA, diet, and sleep for urban, middle-school youth. METHODS Cross-sectional baseline data from middle-school youths (N=73) who participated in an afterschool health behavior intervention were included in this study. RESULTS Time with friends significantly predicted moderate to vigorous intensity PA (β=.33, P=.02). Time spent with family was significantly related to fruit consumption (t66=1.38, P=.005) and vegetable consumption (t72=1.96, P=.01). CONCLUSIONS Social integration appears to be related to both PA and nutrition behaviors in youths. Future research should expand on our findings to explain how different domains of social integration may impact youths' health behaviors. INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT IDENTIFIER (IRRID) RR2-10.2196/37126.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bridget Wray
- School of Nursing and Health Studies, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, MO, United States.,School of Public Affairs and Administration, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, United States
| | - Amanda Grimes
- School of Nursing and Health Studies, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, MO, United States
| | - Katlyn Eighmy
- School of Nursing and Health Studies, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, MO, United States.,Department of Population Health, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, United States
| | - Joseph Lightner
- School of Nursing and Health Studies, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, MO, United States
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16
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Sleep impairments and quality of life in Thai adolescents with systemic lupus erythematosus. J Pediatr Nurs 2022; 67:e58-e64. [PMID: 36192286 DOI: 10.1016/j.pedn.2022.09.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Revised: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Adolescents with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) are susceptible to sleep impairments. We aimed to determine the prevalence and factors related to sleep impairments, and the associations of sleep impairments with health-related quality of life (HRQOL) in Thai adolescents with SLE. METHODS Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Patient Health Questionnaire for Adolescents (PHQA), and Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory™ 4.0 Core Scales were administered to 57 participants with SLE aged 13-18 years to evaluate sleep, depression, and HRQOL, respectively. Participants were divided into "good sleep" (PSQI scores <5) and "poor sleep" groups (PSQI scores ≥5). Participants with body mass index (BMI) >23 kg/m2 were classified into the high BMI group. FINDINGS Eighteen participants (31.6%) were in the poor sleep group. High BMI and PHQA scores were associated with sleep impairments with the odds ratio of 8.00 (95% CI 1.50-42.64; p = 0.02), and 1.25 (95% CI 1.01-1.54; p = 0.04), respectively. In terms of HRQOL, adolescents with SLE had the highest scores in social functioning and the lowest scores in school functioning. Good sleepers had better scores than poor sleepers across all sub-categories except for social functioning, and the difference was significant in emotional functioning (90% (IQR 75-100) vs. 70% (IQR 55-85); p = 0.03). CONCLUSIONS A substantial number of adolescents with SLE had sleep impairments, which decreased HRQOL, particularly in emotional functioning. Sleep impairments were associated with obesity and depression. IMPLICATIONS Proactive management in addressing weight, mood, and sleep problems should be included in the multidisciplinary care of adolescents with SLE to improve their health and well-being.
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17
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Van Dyck D, Barnett A, Cerin E, Conway TL, Esteban-Cornejo I, Hinckson E, Rubín L, Rush E, Baron-Epel O, Cain KL, Christiansen LB, Islam MZ, Mitáš J, Molina-García J, Oyeyemi A, Ranjani H, Reis R, Santos MP, Sit C, Timperio A, Muda WAMW, Sallis JF. Associations of accelerometer measured school- and non-school based physical activity and sedentary time with body mass index: IPEN Adolescent study. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2022; 19:85. [PMID: 35836235 PMCID: PMC9284738 DOI: 10.1186/s12966-022-01324-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background This study examined the strength, shape and direction of associations of accelerometer-assessed overall, school- and non-school-based moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and sedentary time (ST) with BMI among adolescents across the world. Second, we examined whether these associations differed by study site and sex. Methods Cross-sectional data from the IPEN Adolescent study, an observational multi-country study, were used. Participants wore an accelerometer for seven days, reported height and weight, and completed a socio-demographic survey. In total, 4852 adolescents (46.6% boys), aged 11–19 years (mean age = 14.6, SD = 1.7 years) were included in the analyses, using generalized additive mixed models. Results Adolescents accumulated on average 41.3 (SD = 22.6) min/day of MVPA and 531.8 (SD = 81.1) min/day of ST, and the prevalence of overweight and obesity was 17.2% (IOTF), but these mean values differed by country. Linear negative associations of accelerometer-based MVPA and ST with standardized BMI scores and the likelihood of being overweight/obese were found. School-based ST and non-school-based MVPA were more strongly negatively associated to the outcomes than non-school based ST and school-based MVPA. Study site moderated the associations; adolescent sex did not. No curvilinear associations were found. Conclusions This multi-country study confirmed the importance of MVPA as a potential protective factor against overweight/obesity in adolescents. Non-school-based MVPA seemed to be the main driver of these associations. Unexpected results were found for ST, calling for further examination in methodologically sound international studies but using inclinometers or pressure sensors to provide more precise ST measures. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12966-022-01324-x.
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Affiliation(s)
- Delfien Van Dyck
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Department of Movement and Sports Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Anthony Barnett
- Mary MacKillop Institute for Health Research, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Ester Cerin
- Mary MacKillop Institute for Health Research, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, Australia.,School of Public Health, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.,Baker Health and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Terry L Conway
- Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Irene Esteban-Cornejo
- PROmoting FITness and Health Through Physical Activity Research Group, Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Erica Hinckson
- Faculty of Health and Environmental Science, School of Sport and Recreation, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Lukáš Rubín
- Institute of Active Lifestyle, Faculty of Physical Culture, Palacký University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic.,Department of Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Science, Humanities and Education, Technical University of Liberec, Liberec, Czech Republic
| | - Elaine Rush
- Faculty of Health and Environmental Science, School of Sport and Recreation, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand
| | | | - Kelli L Cain
- Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Lars Breum Christiansen
- Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Mohammed Zakiul Islam
- Department of Architecture, Bangladesh University of Engineering & Technology (BUET), Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Josef Mitáš
- Institute of Active Lifestyle, Faculty of Physical Culture, Palacký University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Javier Molina-García
- AFIPS Research Group, Department of Musical, Visual and Corporal Expression Teaching, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Adewale Oyeyemi
- Department of Physiotherapy, College of Medical Sciences, University of Maiduguri, Maiduguri, Nigeria
| | | | - Rodrigo Reis
- Prevention Research Center, Brown School, Washington University, St Louis, USA.,Graduate Program in Urban Management, Pontifical Catholic University of Parana, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Maria Paula Santos
- Faculty of Sport, Research Centre in Physical Activity, Health and Leisure (CIAFEL), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Cindy Sit
- Department of Sports Science and Physical Education, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Anna Timperio
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | | | - James F Sallis
- Mary MacKillop Institute for Health Research, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, Australia.,Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, USA
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18
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Sahu M, Tripathi R, Jha NK, Jha SK, Ambasta RK, Kumar P. Cross talk mechanism of disturbed sleep patterns in neurological and psychological disorders. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2022; 140:104767. [PMID: 35811007 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2022.104767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Revised: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The incidence and prevalence of sleep disorders continue to increase in the elderly populace, particularly those suffering from neurodegenerative and neuropsychiatric disorders. This not only affects the quality of life but also accelerates the progression of the disease. There are many reasons behind sleep disturbances in such patients, for instance, medication use, nocturia, obesity, environmental factors, nocturnal motor disturbances and depressive symptoms. This review focuses on the mechanism and effects of sleep dysfunction in neurodegenerative and neuropsychiatric disorders. Wherein we discuss disturbed circadian rhythm, signaling cascade and regulation of genes during sleep deprivation. Moreover, we explain the perturbation in brainwaves during disturbed sleep and the ocular perspective of neurodegenerative and neuropsychiatric manifestations in sleep disorders. Further, as the pharmacological approach is often futile and carries side effects, therefore, the non-pharmacological approach opens newer possibilities to treat these disorders and widens the landscape of treatment options for patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehar Sahu
- Molecular Neuroscience and Functional Genomics Laboratory, Delhi Technological University (Formerly Delhi College of Engineering), Delhi, India
| | - Rahul Tripathi
- Molecular Neuroscience and Functional Genomics Laboratory, Delhi Technological University (Formerly Delhi College of Engineering), Delhi, India
| | - Niraj Kumar Jha
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Engineering & Technology (SET) Sharda University, UP, India
| | - Saurabh Kumar Jha
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Engineering & Technology (SET) Sharda University, UP, India.
| | - Rashmi K Ambasta
- Molecular Neuroscience and Functional Genomics Laboratory, Delhi Technological University (Formerly Delhi College of Engineering), Delhi, India
| | - Pravir Kumar
- Molecular Neuroscience and Functional Genomics Laboratory, Delhi Technological University (Formerly Delhi College of Engineering), Delhi, India.
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19
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Sleep quality and associated factors among adult hypertensive patients attending a chronic follow up care clinic in northwest Amhara regional state referral hospitals, Northwest Ethiopia. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0271072. [PMID: 35797273 PMCID: PMC9262207 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0271072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction
Sleep plays an essential role in every individual’s life since it contributes greatly to their well-being and health. Poor sleep quality is one of the most common consequences of hypertension (HTN), which is a leading public health problem. In Ethiopia, it is the main health concern among hypertension patients. Thus, in the study area, there is limited information regarding the investigation of sleep quality among hypertension patients. Therefore, this study aimed to assess sleep quality and associated factors among adult hypertensive patients attending a chronic follow up care clinic in northwest Amhara regional state referral hospitals, Northwest Ethiopia.
Methods
An institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted among adult HTN patients from March 15/2021 to May 15/2021 in Northwest Amhara Regional State Referral Hospitals. A systematic random sampling method was used to select the study participants. A face-to-face interviewer-administered questionnaire with chart review was used. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) for assessing sleep quality was used in this study. A binary logistic regression was used to see the association between dependent and independent variables. Variables having a p-value < 0.05 with a 95% CI were considered statistically significant in the multivariable logistic regression analysis.
Results
In this study, 563 hypertensive patients were included, with a response rate of 96.9%. The overall prevalence of poor sleep quality was 37.7% (95% CI: 33.4%–41.6%). Female gender (AOR = 2.55, 95% CI: 1.55–4.18), age ≥ 65 years (AOR = 4.07, 95% CI: 2.07–7.97), overweight (BMI) ≥ 25 kg/m2 (AOR = 1.68, 95% CI: 1.06–2.65), WHO stage II hypertension (AOR = 1.78, 95% CI:1.01–3.12), poor physical activity (AOR = 2.39, 95% CI:1.41–4.05), participants who had depression (AOR = 2.03,95% CI:1.24–3.34) and participants who had anxiety (AOR = 1.89, 95% CI: 1.16–3.03) were factors associated with poor sleep quality.
Conclusions
In this study, more than one-third of the study participants had poor sleep quality. Female gender, age ≥ 65 years, overweight (BMI) ≥ 25 kg/m2, stage II hypertension, physical inactivity, depression, and anxiety were all associated with poor sleep quality. Managing depression and anxiety disorders, encouraging physical activity, and providing health education about weight loss are all necessary for HTN patients.
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20
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Rahati S, Qorbani M, Naghavi A, Nia MH, Pishva H. Association between CLOCK 3111 T/C polymorphism with ghrelin, GLP-1, food timing, sleep and chronotype in overweight and obese Iranian adults. BMC Endocr Disord 2022; 22:147. [PMID: 35655162 PMCID: PMC9161580 DOI: 10.1186/s12902-022-01063-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Circadian Locomotor Output Cycles Kaput (CLOCK), an essential element of the positive regulatory arm in the human biological clock, is involved in metabolic regulation. The aim was to investigate the behavioral (sleep duration, food timing, dietary intake, appetite and chronobiologic characteristics) and hormonal (plasma ghrelin and Glucagon-like peptide-1 concentrations) factors that could explain the previously reported association between the CLOCK 3111 T/C SNP and obesity. METHODS This cross-sectional study included 403 subjects, overweight and/or obesity, aged 20- 50 years from Iran. The CLOCK rs1801260 data were measured by the PCR-RFLP method. Dietary intake, food timing, sleep duration, appetite and Chrono-type were assessed using validated questionnaires. Ghrelin and GLP-1 were measured by ELIZA in plasma samples. Participants were also divided into three groups based on BMI. Logistic regression models and general linear regression models were used to assess the association between CLOCK genotype and study parameters. Univariate linear regression models were used to assess the interaction between CLOCK and VAS, Food timing, chronotype and sleep on food intakes. RESULTS After controlling for confounding factors, there was a significant difference between genotypes for physical activity (P = 0.001), waist circumference (P˂0.05), BMI (˂0.01), weight (P = 0.001), GLP-1 (P = 0.02), ghrelin (P = 0.04), appetite (P˂0.001), chronotype (P˂0.001), sleep (P˂0.001), food timing (P˂0.001), energy (P˂0.05), carbohydrate (P˂0.05) and fat intake (P˂0.001). Our findings also show that people with the minor allele C who ate lunch after 3 PM and breakfast after 9 AM are more prone to obesity (P˂0.05). furthermore, there was significant interactions between C allele carrier group and high appetite on fat intake (Pinteraction = 0.041), eat lunch after 3 PM on energy intake (Pinteraction = 0.039) and morning type on fat intake (Pinteraction = 0.021). CONCLUSION Sleep reduction, changes in ghrelin and GLP-1 levels, changes in eating behaviors and evening preference that characterized CLOCK 3111C can all contribute to obesity. Furthermore, the data demonstrate a clear relationship between the timing of food intake and obesity. Our results support the hypothesis that the influence of the CLOCK gene may extend to a wide range of variables related to human behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Rahati
- Department of Cellular - Molecular Nutrition, School of Nutrition Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, PO Box: 14155-6447, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mostafa Qorbani
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
| | - Anoosh Naghavi
- Department of Genetics, Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Resistant Tuberculosis Institute, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran
| | - Milad Heidari Nia
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Resistant Tuberculosis Institute, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran
| | - Hamideh Pishva
- Department of Cellular - Molecular Nutrition, School of Nutrition Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, PO Box: 14155-6447, Tehran, Iran.
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Sejbuk M, Mirończuk-Chodakowska I, Witkowska AM. Sleep Quality: A Narrative Review on Nutrition, Stimulants, and Physical Activity as Important Factors. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14091912. [PMID: 35565879 PMCID: PMC9103473 DOI: 10.3390/nu14091912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Revised: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Sleep is a cyclically occurring, transient, and functional state that is controlled primarily by neurobiological processes. Sleep disorders and insomnia are increasingly being diagnosed at all ages. These are risk factors for depression, mental disorders, coronary heart disease, metabolic syndrome, and/or high blood pressure. A number of factors can negatively affect sleep quality, including the use of stimulants, stress, anxiety, and the use of electronic devices before sleep. A growing body of evidence suggests that nutrition, physical activity, and sleep hygiene can significantly affect the quality of sleep. The aim of this review was to discuss the factors that can affect sleep quality, such as nutrition, stimulants, and physical activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Sejbuk
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-85-686-5088; Fax: +48-85-686-5089
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22
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Al-Anazi NS, Al-Harbi Z. Association of Electronic Media Use and Sleep Habits Among Secondary School Students in Al-Madinah. Cureus 2022; 14:e22334. [PMID: 35317041 PMCID: PMC8934146 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.22334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives: To ascertain the relationship between electronic media use and sleep patterns among secondary school students in Al-Madinah, Saudi Arabia. Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study, conducted from July 2021 to December 2021. This study examined eight female secondary high schools, in Al-Madinah, Saudi Arabia. The sampling technique used was the stratification of governmental schools according to their location in the north, south, east, and west. According to the WHO sample size calculator, the sample size was 375. The Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 26 (SPSS version 26) (SPSS Incl., Chicago, IL) was used for the analysis of data. Results: A total of 388 female students were recruited, from the age group 12 to 40 years, with a mean age group of 16.45 ± 4.25 years. The majority of participants in our research utilized various types of electronic devices before going to bed. Some 335 individuals reported using electronic devices on a daily basis while at school, while 357 reported using electronic devices prior to sleeping on weekends. The more time spent on electronic gadgets, the more sleep is interrupted (p-value = 0.005). This condition was more prevalent among older children: 55% of third-year children and 41% of second-year children reported having it (p = 0.01). More than 20% had difficulty sleeping. Around 5% of respondents reported experiencing frequent nightly awakenings, whereas 23% reported feeling drowsy/sleepy feeling at school. After 10:00 p.m., 43% of the population (mostly the young) headed to bed, while older children remained awake (p = 0.001). Having a mobile phone (odds ratio, OR = 2.5; p = 0.01) or tablet (OR = 2.5; p = 0.05) was a significant predictor of sleep issues in the logistic regression model. Conclusion: The use of electronic media and the amount of time secondary school children spend on it can significantly alter sleep quality, through interrupted rest, and time, from a reduced duration of sleep. Parents and care providers can help by creating awareness about the negative effects of using electronic media on sleep and health among children.
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Waking up to sleep's role in obesity and blood pressure among Black adolescent girls in low-income, US urban communities: A longitudinal analysis. Sleep Health 2022; 8:200-207. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sleh.2021.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Revised: 11/26/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Wang Q. Food Insecurity and Sleep Disturbance Among 223,561 Adolescents: A Multi-Country Analysis of Cross-Sectional Surveys. Front Public Health 2021; 9:693544. [PMID: 34660509 PMCID: PMC8517446 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2021.693544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
This study was to investigate the association between food insecurity (FI) and sleep disturbance among adolescents. Based on the cross-sectional data of the Global School-based Student Health Survey, this study analyzed self-reported data from adolescents in 68 countries. Multivariate logistic regression and meta-analysis were used to evaluate the association between FI and sleep disturbance. The final sample included 223,561 adolescents. The prevalence of severe FI and sleep disturbance was 6.4% and 8.0%, respectively. Severe FI was significantly associated with a higher risk of sleep disturbance in 48 of the 68 countries after adjusting for covariates, with a pooled OR (95% CI) of 1.94 (1.79-2.09). Overall, the association between FI and sleep disturbance was similar across countries and gender, though a large level of heterogeneity existed across upper- and middle-income countries. Identifying adolescents suffering from FI and remedying the FI severity may be important to improve sleep quality in global adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuying Wang
- Educational Science Research Institute of Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
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25
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Malheiros LEA, da Costa BGG, Lopes MVV, Silva KS. School schedule affects sleep, but not physical activity, screen time and diet behaviors. Sleep Med 2021; 85:54-59. [PMID: 34274812 DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2021.06.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2021] [Revised: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 06/19/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Behavioral changes during adolescence are affected by biological and social aspects. However, environment aspects, which are beyond adolescents' control, also contribute to behavior adoption, and school may have a significant impact in these behaviors. This cross-sectional study aims to investigate how lifestyle behaviors are associated with the school shift attended by high school students. METHODS The sample comprised 635 high school students (51.2% girls, 16.33 ± 1.0 years old) from Southern Brazil. Physical activities of different intensities (light and moderate-to-vigorous), sedentary behaviors, and sleep (duration, efficiency, and timing) were measured using accelerometers. Engagement in sport and non-sport activities, screen time indicators, and diet were self-reported. Linear models were fitted to compare each lifestyle behavior between the two school shifts. RESULTS Students attending the afternoon shift slept (β = 01:29 95%CI 01:13; 01:46) and woke up later (β = 01.41 95%CI 01:27; 01:54), and had a longer sleep duration (β = 00:12 95%CI 0:02; 00:21) than those attending the morning shift. However, the sleep efficiency of those in the afternoon shift was lower than their peers in the morning shift (β = -1.89 95%CI -3.01; -0.77). CONCLUSIONS School schedule was associated with sleep behaviors of adolescents, but not with other lifestyle behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luís E A Malheiros
- Núcleo de Pesquisa em Atividade Física e Saúde, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil.
| | - Bruno G G da Costa
- Núcleo de Pesquisa em Atividade Física e Saúde, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Marcus V V Lopes
- Núcleo de Pesquisa em Atividade Física e Saúde, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Kelly S Silva
- Núcleo de Pesquisa em Atividade Física e Saúde, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
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The association of sleep problem, dietary habits and physical activity with weight status of adolescents in Nepal. BMC Public Health 2021; 21:938. [PMID: 34001092 PMCID: PMC8130305 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-021-10985-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2020] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Overweight/obesity among adolescents is an emerging public health issue worldwide. However, the evidence on the determinants of body weight status and lifestyle behaviors among Nepalese adolescents is limited. This study aims to explore the sleep characteristics, dietary habits, and physical activity and its association with body mass index (BMI) among Nepalese adolescents. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted between July and November 2019 among 627 randomly selected adolescents from eight schools located in Kathmandu Metropolitan City, Nepal. A self-administrated structure questionnaire was used to collect the data. Anthropometric measurements (adolescent's BMI), sleep characteristics, dietary habits, and physical activity were assessed using validated tools. Multinomial logistic regression analyses assessed the association between covariates and BMI categories. The statistical significance was considered at p-value < 0.05 and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). RESULTS The overall prevalence of underweight and overweight/obesity among adolescents was 9.1% (95% CI: 7.1-11.6) and 23.7% (95% CI: 20.6-27.7) respectively. In multinomial logistic regression, adolescents who reported sleep problem compared to those with no such problem (Relative risk ratio (RRR) = 13.37, 95% CI: 7.14-25.05), adolescents who had obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) symptoms (RRR = 3.21, 95% CI:1.31-7.86), who consumed soft drink ≥1 time/day in past 1 months (RRR = 5.44, 95% CI: 2.93-10.10), consumed high-fat dietary ≥2 times/day (RRR = 2.17, 95% CI: 1.18-3.99), and had a habit of junk food consumptions (RRR = 5.71, 95% CI:2.55-12.82), adolescents who had 5-6 h/day sedentary behavior (RRR = 3.21, 95% CI: 1.14-9.09), adolescents from Terai/Madhesi castes (RRR = 2.81, 95% CI: 1.19-6.64) and adolescents whose father was employed (RRR = 2.04, 95% CI: 1.04-3.98) were at increased risk of being overweight/obesity. In contrast, adolescents aged 14-16 years had 71% lower (RRR = 0.29, 95% CI: 0.16-0.52), and adolescents who consumed less than five food groups had 45% lower (RRR = 0.55, 95% CI: 0.31-0.97) risk of being overweight/obesity compared to 12-14 years age groups and consumed more than five food groups respectively. CONCLUSIONS The findings of this study warrant immediate interventions to improve the lifestyle to reduce overweight/obesity among Nepalese adolescents. Creating a conducive environment, both at school and home is essential to encourage adolescents for the adoption of healthy lifestyle behaviors.
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Nathan K, Livnat G, Feraru L, Pillar G. Improvement in BMI z-score following adenotonsillectomy in adolescents aged 12-18 years: a retrospective cohort study. BMC Pediatr 2021; 21:184. [PMID: 33879120 PMCID: PMC8056500 DOI: 10.1186/s12887-021-02634-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Characteristics of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) changes with age. Infants, toddlers and prepubertal children with OSA are usually underweight and may suffer from failure to thrive (FTT). Adenotonsillectomy (T&A) is the first line of treatment for OSA in childhood. In adults OSA is commonly associated with obesity and the metabolic syndrome. The change in body mass index (BMI) in adolescents with OSA following T&A was only sporadically studied. Thus, we peruse to examine the BMI z-score change following T&A in adolescents. METHODS Clalit Health Services is the largest health care organization in Israel with the largest patient registry (more than 50% of the population). Two hundred and forty two adolescents aged 12-18 who underwent T&A between 2006 and 2015 were identified in the Clalit registry and their characteristics including height and weight were retrieved. The BMI z-score of these adolescents at baseline (up to 3 months prior to T&A) and during the consecutive 3 years after T&A were analyzed and compared. RESULTS Changes in BMI Z-score were observed to all directions following T&A with overall small increase, not statistically significant (P = 0.26) from a median of 0.79 prior to T&A to a median of 0.835 after it. There was a minimal trend toward BMI z-score reduction in overweight children (n = 74) from 1.508 to 1.48 following T&A (p = NS), and in obese children (n = 33) from 2.288 to 2.000 (P = 0.06, 2 tailed). Interestingly thin individuals (n = 6) increased their BMI z-score following T&A from - 2.4 to - 0.59 (p = 0.046). CONCLUSIONS Adolescents show variable changes in their BMI z-score following T&A. In this aspect their BMI z-score change is closer to the change seen in adults treated for OSA and not that of young children. The changes observed show a trend toward normalization of the BMI z-score such that overweight children tend to decrease their BMI z-score while thin individuals tend to increase it.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keren Nathan
- Department of Pediatrics, Carmel Hospital and Technion Faculty of Medicine, Haifa, Israel.
| | - Galit Livnat
- Pediatric Pulmonary Unit & CF Center, Carmel Medical Center, Haifa, Israel
| | - Liat Feraru
- Department of Pediatrics, Carmel Hospital and Technion Faculty of Medicine, Haifa, Israel
| | - Giora Pillar
- Department of Pediatrics, Carmel Hospital and Technion Faculty of Medicine, Haifa, Israel.,Sleep Clinic, Carmel Hospital and Technion Faculty of Medicine, Haifa, Israel
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Gopal DP, Chetty U, O'Donnell P, Gajria C, Blackadder-Weinstein J. Implicit bias in healthcare: clinical practice, research and decision making. Future Healthc J 2021; 8:40-48. [PMID: 33791459 DOI: 10.7861/fhj.2020-0233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Bias is the evaluation of something or someone that can be positive or negative, and implicit or unconscious bias is when the person is unaware of their evaluation. This is particularly relevant to policymaking during the coronavirus pandemic and racial inequality highlighted during the support for the Black Lives Matter movement. A literature review was performed to define bias, identify the impact of bias on clinical practice and research as well as clinical decision making (cognitive bias). Bias training could bridge the gap from the lack of awareness of bias to the ability to recognise bias in others and within ourselves. However, there are no effective debiasing strategies. Awareness of implicit bias must not deflect from wider socio-economic, political and structural barriers as well ignore explicit bias such as prejudice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dipesh P Gopal
- Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, London, UK
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Kelley GA, Kelley KS, Pate RR. Inter-individual differences in body mass index were not observed as a result of aerobic exercise in children and adolescents with overweight and obesity. Pediatr Obes 2021; 16:e12692. [PMID: 32657544 DOI: 10.1111/ijpo.12692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2019] [Accepted: 04/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Exercise has been recommended as an important intervention for reducing adiposity in children and adolescents with overweight and obesity. OBJECTIVE Determine whether inter-individual differences exist in relation to exercise-induced changes in adiposity among children and adolescents with overweight and obesity. METHODS Meta-analysis of randomized controlled aerobic exercise trials and body mass index (BMI) in kg · m-2 . Change outcome standard deviations were pooled using the inverse-variance heterogeneity model. RESULTS Twenty-eight studies (1185 participants) were included. Inter-individual differences in BMI were -0.1 (95% compatibility interval, -0.7 to 0.7). The 95% prediction interval for inter-individual responses in a future study was -2.9 to 2.9. The probability of a clinically meaningful difference in variability was 29% (possibly clinically important) in favour of controls vs exercisers. CONCLUSIONS Inter-individual differences for BMI in kg · m-2 were not observed as a result of aerobic exercise in children and adolescents with overweight and obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- George A Kelley
- School of Public Health, Department of Biostatistics, Robert C. Byrd Health Sciences Center, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia, USA
| | - Kristi S Kelley
- School of Public Health, Department of Biostatistics, Robert C. Byrd Health Sciences Center, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia, USA
| | - Russell R Pate
- Children's Physical Activity Research Group, Department of Exercise Science, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina, USA
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30
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[Determinants of health in adolescence: cardiorespiratory fitness and body composition]. NUTR HOSP 2021; 38:697-703. [PMID: 33720742 DOI: 10.20960/nh.03507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Introduction: cardiorespiratory fitness and body composition are determining indicators of health status during adolescence. The objective of the study was to analyze the relationship of both parameters with indicators of mental and psychosocial health, lifestyle habits, and sociodemographic variables, establishing their predictive factors. Method: a cross-sectional study was conducted with a representative sample of 761 students (14.51 ± 1.63 years old) from 25 educational centers in a northern region of Spain. Body mass index, maximum oxygen uptake, health-related quality of life, self-esteem, hours of nightly sleep, adherence to the Mediterranean diet, physical activity engagement, academic performance, and different sociodemographic factors were analyzed for all participants. Results: the results determined that being a boy, being younger, sleeping fewer hours at night, and presenting a lower academic performance were predictors of suffering from obesity, while being younger and being a migrant were predictors of being overweight. On the other hand, lower physical activity engagement, poorer academic performance, being a migrant, and not practicing extracurricular sports activities were predictive factors of cardiorespiratory fitness in the risk zone. In addition, the environment for performing physical activity and socioeconomic level also showed associations with cardiorespiratory fitness. Conclusions: given the influence of body composition and cardiorespiratory fitness on the physical and psychosocial health of adolescents, promotion strategies are required that take into account the identified predictors, with special attention to promoting healthy lifestyles.
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Kaar JL, Morelli N, Russell SP, Talker I, Moore JM, Inge TH, Nadeau KJ, Hawkins SMM, Aloia MS, Simon SL. Obstructive sleep apnea and early weight loss among adolescents undergoing bariatric surgery. Surg Obes Relat Dis 2020; 17:711-717. [PMID: 33478907 DOI: 10.1016/j.soard.2020.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Revised: 11/21/2020] [Accepted: 12/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Little is known regarding obstructive sleep apnea's (OSA's) prevalence or the factors related to OSA remission post-metabolic bariatric surgery (MBS) in adolescents. OBJECTIVES To identify the baseline OSA prevalence in adolescents with severe obesity and examine factors associated with post-MBS OSA remission. SETTING Tertiary-care children's hospital. METHODS We conducted a retrospective chart review of 81 patients pre-MBS with OSA assessments done between June 2017 to September 2020 to collect demographic characteristics; co-morbidities; polysomnography (PSG) results, if indicated; and weight data. Chi-square or Mann-Whitney tests compared baseline characteristics and surgical outcomes by pre-MBS OSA status. McNemar's test or t tests assessed differences in baseline characteristics, stratified by remission versus no remission of OSA. RESULTS The patients were 71% female, had an average age of 16.9 ± 2.0 years, and had a mean body mass index (BMI) of 47.9 ± 7.3 kg/m2. Half (50%) of the patients were Hispanic and 20% had type 2 diabetes. The OSA prevalence, defined as an Obstructive Apnea Hypopnea Index (OAHI) score ≥5, was 54% pre-MBS (n = 44), with 43% having severe OSA (OAHI > 30). Those with OSA were older (17.3 versus 16.4 yr, respectively; P = .05), more likely to be male (79% versus 42%, respectively; P = .022), and had higher baseline weights (142.0 versus 126.4 kg, respectively; P = .001) than those without OSA. Of the 23 patients with a post-MBS PSG result (average 5 mo post MBS), 15 (66%) had remission of OSA. Patients with OSA remission had a lower average pre-MBS BMI (46.0 versus 57.7 kg/m2, respectively; P < .001) and weight (132.9 versus 172.6 kg, respectively; P = .002) but no significant differences in percentage weight loss through 12 months post MBS versus those with continued OSA. CONCLUSION The OSA prevalence in an adolescent MBS population was higher than that in the general adolescent population with severe obesity. Remission of OSA was correlated with lower pre-MBS BMI and weight, but not weight loss within the first year post-MBS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jill L Kaar
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado.
| | - Nazeen Morelli
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Samuel P Russell
- School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Ishaah Talker
- School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Jaime M Moore
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Thomas H Inge
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Kristen J Nadeau
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Stephen M M Hawkins
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
| | | | - Stacey L Simon
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
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Obesity and sleep disorders: A nationwide study of 1.3 million Israeli adolescents. Obes Res Clin Pract 2020; 14:542-547. [PMID: 33189604 DOI: 10.1016/j.orcp.2020.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2020] [Revised: 09/01/2020] [Accepted: 10/31/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To assess the association between sleep disorders prevalence and obesity in Israeli adolescents. METHODS A nationwide, population-based, cross-sectional study of 1,348,817 Israeli adolescents (57% males) who were medically examined prior to military service between 1997 and 2015; height and weight were measured along with assessment of medical status at age 17.3⬰±⬰0.4 years. The diagnosis of a sleep disorder was made based on objective diagnostic criteria. The prevalence and odds ratio (OR) for a sleep disorder were computed across BMI subgroups and were adjusted for socio-demographic confounders. RESULTS Overall sleep disorders prevalence was 1.8:1000 (males) and 0.45:1000 (females), with a total of 1601 cases. There was a gradual increase in the odds ratio for sleep disorders with increasing BMI. Multivariable-adjusted ORs for sleep disorders were 1.29 (95% CI 1.10⬜1.52), 1.44 (1.18⬜1.75), 3.03 (2.32⬜3.96) and 3.38 (1.98⬜5.75) for overweight, obese class I, II and III, respectively (5th⬜49th BMI percentile was the reference). Results persisted in extensive sensitivity analyses including limiting the study sample to participants with unimpaired health. CONCLUSIONS We found a higher prevalence of sleep disorders in males and a dose-dependent association between sleep disorders and adolescent BMI in both sexes. Our findings warrant clinical awareness among healthcare providers, given the rise in obesity in teenagers, and particularly in light of the obesity epidemic that we are experiencing in this era. Sleep related complaints should be actively screened in adolescents who suffer obesity.
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Okoli A, Hanlon EC, Brady MJ. The Relationship between Sleep, Obesity, and Metabolic Health in Adolescents - a Review. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 17:15-19. [PMID: 33283071 DOI: 10.1016/j.coemr.2020.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
In this literature review, we discuss the importance of adequate sleep and the various effects of suboptimal sleep on weight maintenance and metabolic health specifically for adolescents. Two major contributors to adolescents experiencing decreased sleep duration and quality, and thus increasing the risk for developing metabolic syndrome in adolescence as well as later in adulthood, are increased electronic screen time particularly at night and early school start times. The less time adolescents spend sleeping, the less quality sleep they obtain, and the greater the disruption of endocrine hormone function. As another consequence, adolescents are more prone to making poor food choices, from choosing relatively nutrient-poor foods to consuming excess calories without necessarily increasing their energy expenditure. These choices put adolescents at greater risk for becoming obese throughout their lifespan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amarachi Okoli
- Department of Psychology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60607
| | - Erin C Hanlon
- Department of Medicine, Section of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, University of Chicago, Chicago IL, 60637
| | - Matthew J Brady
- Department of Medicine, Section of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, University of Chicago, Chicago IL, 60637
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Ischander MM, Lloyd RD. Severe paediatric obesity and sleep: A mutual interactive relationship! J Sleep Res 2020; 30:e13162. [PMID: 33029830 DOI: 10.1111/jsr.13162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2020] [Revised: 07/12/2020] [Accepted: 07/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Childhood severe obesity is a serious, urgent and complex global health problem with long-term co-morbidities. Obstructive sleep-disordered breathing is more common in obese children and adolescents. Increased body mass index is associated with an increase in apnea-hypopnea index. Obstructive sleep apnea leads to a decrease in rapid eye movement sleep, and obese children have been noted to have a decrease in rapid eye movement sleep, leading to weight gain. Short sleep duration and poor sleep quality are associated with childhood obesity and cardiometabolic risks. Public health strategies for obesity prevention should focus more on sleep. Targeting childhood obesity is important in the prevention and management of obstructive sleep-disordered breathing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariam M Ischander
- Division of Pediatric Pulmonology and Sleep Medicine, Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Western Michigan University Homer Stryker MD School of Medicine, Kalamazoo, MI, USA
| | - Robert D Lloyd
- Phoenix Children's Pediatric Residency Program Alliance, Phoenix Children's Hospital, Phoenix, AZ, USA
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Pinto TJP, Mendonça EP, Bloch KV, Cunha GM, Coutinho ESF. Aggregation of behavioral risk factors to noncommunicable chronic diseases: A national school-based study with Brazilian adolescents. Prev Med 2020; 137:106128. [PMID: 32389675 DOI: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2020.106128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2019] [Revised: 04/27/2020] [Accepted: 05/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
There is an increasing interest in the study of the aggregation of risk factors for noncommunicable chronic diseases. However, there are no studies among adolescents stratified by alcohol use. This study investigated the aggregation of cardiovascular risk factors in adolescents considering the use or not of alcohol. A total of 73,624 Brazilian adolescents aged 12-17 years from public and private schools were evaluated in a national cross-sectional study (March-2013 to December-2014). The aggregation of cardiovascular risk factors was the main outcome. The regression model was adjusted for sex, age, region of Brazil, and school type. Most alcohol users were 16 to 17 years old, while nonusers were between 12 and 13 years. Alcohol users showed a higher prevalence of smoking (8.1% vs. 0.8%) and sleep inadequacy (59.9% vs. 51.4%) than nonusers did. On the other hand, a sufficient level of physical activity was more frequent among alcohol users (51.2% vs. 44.2%). The presence of only one cardiovascular risk factor was more frequent in nonusers (42.3%) than alcohol users (38.9%). Alcohol users tended to aggregate more for the category of 3-4 cardiovascular risk factors when compared with the non-alcohol-using population (10.9% vs. 7.9%). Aggregation of three cardiovascular risk factors was more likely to be observed among male adolescent alcohol users. Inadequate sleep and smoking habit tended to aggregate among alcohol users. This finding highlights the importance of public policies aiming to reduce alcohol consumption at early ages and, consequently, to decrease the risk of future morbimortality of noncommunicable chronic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thatiana J P Pinto
- National School of Public Health, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rua Leopoldo Bulhões, 1480 - Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21041-210, Brazil.
| | - Eliane P Mendonça
- National School of Public Health, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rua Leopoldo Bulhões, 1480 - Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21041-210, Brazil
| | - Katia V Bloch
- Institute of Public Health Studies, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Avenida Horacio Macedo, w/o number, Cidade Universitária - Ilha do Fundão, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21044-020, Brazil.
| | - Geraldo M Cunha
- National School of Public Health, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rua Leopoldo Bulhões, 1480 - Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21041-210, Brazil
| | - Evandro S F Coutinho
- National School of Public Health, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rua Leopoldo Bulhões, 1480 - Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21041-210, Brazil; Institute of Social Medicine, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rua São Francisco Xavier 524, Rio de Janeiro 20550-900, Brazil
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Peña AS, Curran JA, Fuery M, George C, Jefferies CA, Lobley K, Ludwig K, Maguire AM, Papadimos E, Peters A, Sellars F, Speight J, Titmuss A, Wilson D, Wong J, Worth C, Dahiya R. Screening, assessment and management of type 2 diabetes mellitus in children and adolescents: Australasian Paediatric Endocrine Group guidelines. Med J Aust 2020; 213:30-43. [PMID: 32578226 DOI: 10.5694/mja2.50666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus has increased in children and adolescents due largely to the obesity epidemic, particularly in high risk ethnic groups. β-Cell function declines faster and diabetes complications develop earlier in paediatric type 2 diabetes compared with adult-onset type 2 diabetes. There are no consensus guidelines in Australasia for assessment and management of type 2 diabetes in paediatric populations and health professionals have had to refer to adult guidelines. Recent international paediatric guidelines did not address adaptations to care for patients from Indigenous backgrounds. MAIN RECOMMENDATIONS This guideline provides advice on paediatric type 2 diabetes in relation to screening, diagnosis, diabetes education, monitoring including targets, multicomponent healthy lifestyle, pharmacotherapy, assessment and management of complications and comorbidities, and transition. There is also a dedicated section on considerations of care for children and adolescents from Indigenous background in Australia and New Zealand. CHANGES IN MANAGEMENT AS A RESULT OF THE GUIDELINES Published international guidelines currently exist, but the challenges and specifics to care for children and adolescents with type 2 diabetes which should apply to Australasia have not been addressed to date. These include: recommendations regarding care of children and adolescents from Indigenous backgrounds in Australia and New Zealand including screening and management; tighter diabetes targets (glycated haemoglobin, ≤ 48 mmol/mol [≤ 6.5%]) for all children and adolescents; considering the use of newer medications approved for adults with type 2 diabetes under the guidance of a paediatric endocrinologist; and the need to transition adolescents with type 2 diabetes to a diabetes multidisciplinary care team including an adult endocrinologist for their ongoing care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexia S Peña
- Robinson Research Institute, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA.,Women's and Children's Hospital, Adelaide, SA
| | | | | | | | | | - Kristine Lobley
- Institute of Endocrinology and Diabetes, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, NSW
| | | | - Ann M Maguire
- Institute of Endocrinology and Diabetes, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, NSW.,University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW
| | - Emily Papadimos
- Queensland Children's Hospital, Brisbane, QLD.,Menzies School of Health Research, Darwin, NT
| | - Aimee Peters
- Institute of Endocrinology and Diabetes, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, NSW
| | | | - Jane Speight
- Australian Centre for Behavioural Research in Diabetes, Diabetes Victoria, Melbourne, VIC.,Deakin University, Geelong, VIC
| | - Angela Titmuss
- Menzies School of Health Research, Darwin, NT.,Royal Darwin Hospital, Darwin, NT
| | | | - Jencia Wong
- University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW.,Diabetes Centre, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, NSW
| | | | - Rachana Dahiya
- Queensland Children's Hospital, Brisbane, QLD.,University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD
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Hvidt JEM, Knudsen UB, Zachariae R, Ingerslev HJ, Philipsen MT, Frederiksen Y. Associations of bedtime, sleep duration, and sleep quality with semen quality in males seeking fertility treatment: a preliminary study. Basic Clin Androl 2020; 30:5. [PMID: 32341784 PMCID: PMC7181488 DOI: 10.1186/s12610-020-00103-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2020] [Accepted: 04/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Poor sleep has been linked to a number of adverse health outcomes. Recent studies suggest that late bedtimes, short or long sleep durations, and poor sleep quality may impair semen quality. No study has previously explored all three factors in relation to semen quality. RESULTS One hundred and four men and their partners treated at three fertility clinics in Denmark between 2010 and 2012 completed an online-version of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). The results of the semen analyses conducted at the fertility clinics were self-reported and categorised as normal or reduced.Early bedtime (< 10:30 PM) was more often associated with normal semen quality compared with both regular (10:30 PM-11:29 PM) and late (≥11:30 PM) bedtime (OR: 2.75, 95%CI: 1.1-7.1, p = 0.04 and OR: 3.97, 95%CI: 1.2-13.5, p = 0.03). Conventional sleep duration (7.5-7.99 h) was more often associated with normal semen quality than both short (7.0-7.49 h) and very short (< 7.0 h) sleep duration (OR: 1.36, 95% CI: 1.2-12.9, p = 0.03 and OR: 6.18, 95%CI: 1.6-24.2, p = 0.01). Although poor sleep quality was associated with reduced semen quality in the descriptive statistics (p = 0.04), no differences were found between optimal (PSQI ≤6) and either borderline (PSQI 7-8) or poor (PSQI ≥9) sleep quality (OR: 1.19, 95%CI: 0.4-3.4, p = 0.75 and OR: 2.43, 95%CI: 0.8-7.1, p = 0.11) in multivariate regression models. CONCLUSION Early bedtimes (< 10:30 PM) and conventional sleep duration (7.5-7.99 h) were associated with self-reported normal semen quality. The role of subjective sleep quality remains uncertain.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ulla Breth Knudsen
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark
- Horsens Fertility Clinic, Horsens Regional Hospital, 8700 Horsens, Denmark
| | - Robert Zachariae
- Department of Psychology and Behavioural Sciences, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Oncology, Aarhus University Hospital, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Hans Jakob Ingerslev
- Fertility Unit, Aalborg University Hospital, Søndre Skovvej 3, 9000 Aalborg, Denmark
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Aarhus University Hospital, Palle Juul-Jensens Boulevard 99, 8200 Aarhus N, Denmark
| | | | - Yoon Frederiksen
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark
- The Unit for Clinical Sexology, the Department of Affective Disorders, Aarhus University Hospital, Psychiatry, Palle-Juul Jensens Boulevard 175, 8200 Aarhus N, Denmark
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Li N, Fan Y, Zhou JP, Maimba OD, Zhang L, Li QY. Obstructive Sleep Apnea Exacerbates Glucose Dysmetabolism and Pancreatic β-Cell Dysfunction in Overweight and Obese Nondiabetic Young Adults. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2020; 13:2465-2476. [PMID: 32765025 PMCID: PMC7360405 DOI: 10.2147/dmso.s250463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2020] [Accepted: 06/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to investigate the effects of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) on the pancreatic β-cells dysfunction and their implications in the glucose dysmetabolism of overweight and obese nondiabetic young adults. MATERIALS AND METHODS The cross-sectional analysis included 422 subjects (261 males/161 females) with the mean age of 27.77 ± 7.51 years and average body mass index (BMI) of 34.84 ± 5.69 kg/m2. All subjects underwent polysomnography (PSG), oral glucose tolerance-insulin releasing test (OGTT-IRT) and serum glycosylated hemoglobin A1 (HbA1c) measurement. The glucose metabolism and pancreatic β-cell function in relation to measures of OSA were determined adjustment for important confounders such as age and sex. RESULTS OSA subjects accounted for 54.91% in the normal glucose tolerance (NGT) group and 72.11% in the prediabetes (preDM) group (P =0.001). HbA1c was the highest in the preDM subjects with severe OSA. In the NGT subjects, the 1-h glucose level significantly elevated with the OSA severity, and the homeostasis model assessment-β (HOMA-β) was negatively related to nocturnal mean SpO2 (P <0.05). In the preDM subjects, HOMA-β, early phase insulinogenic index (∆I30/∆G30), total area under the curve of insulin in 180 min (AUC-I180), and the oral disposition index (DIO) were the lowest in the severe OSA group. DIO was associated with higher oxygen desaturation index (ODI) and lower nocturnal mean SpO2, and AUC-I180 was negatively related to TS90 (P <0.05). CONCLUSION Our study indicated higher prevalence of OSA in overweight and obese nondiabetic young adults, especially preDM subjects. The impaired glucose tolerance was observed early after glucose intake in the NGT subjects. OSA induces compensatory increase in the pancreatic β-cell function in the NGT subjects, while pancreatic β-cell dysfunction is present in the preDM subjects with severe OSA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Li
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai200025, People’s Republic of China
- Institute of Respiratory Disease, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai200025, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yun Fan
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai200025, People’s Republic of China
- Institute of Respiratory Disease, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai200025, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jian Ping Zhou
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai200025, People’s Republic of China
- Institute of Respiratory Disease, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai200025, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ocholi Don Maimba
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai200025, People’s Republic of China
| | - Liu Zhang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai200025, People’s Republic of China
- Institute of Respiratory Disease, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai200025, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qing Yun Li
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai200025, People’s Republic of China
- Institute of Respiratory Disease, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai200025, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Qing Yun Li Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine,Ruijin Hospital,Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 197 Ruijin 2nd Road, Shanghai200025, People’s Republic of China, Email
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Partridge SR, Raeside R, Latham Z, Singleton AC, Hyun K, Grunseit A, Steinbeck K, Redfern J. 'Not to Be Harsh but Try Less to Relate to 'the Teens' and You'll Relate to Them More': Co-Designing Obesity Prevention Text Messages with Adolescents. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 16:E4887. [PMID: 31817167 PMCID: PMC6950483 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16244887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2019] [Revised: 12/03/2019] [Accepted: 12/03/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Text messages remain a preferred way for adolescents to communicate, and recent evidence suggests adolescents would like access to digital healthcare options. However, there is limited evidence for text messages to engage adolescent populations in obesity prevention behaviors. We aimed to co-design a bank of text messages that are evidence-based, acceptable, and engaging for adolescents. An established iterative mixed methods process, consisting of three phases, was used to develop the text message program. The first bank of 145 text messages was drafted based on current evidence, behavior change techniques, and input from researchers and health professionals. A survey was then administered to adolescents and professionals for review of text message content, usefulness, understanding, and age-appropriateness. An adolescent research assistant collaborated with the research team on all three phases. Forty participants (25 adolescents and 15 professionals) reviewed the initial bank of 145 text messages. On average, all reviewers agreed the text messages were easy to understand (13.6/15) and useful (13.1/15). In total, 107 text messages were included in the final text message bank to support behavior change and prevent obesity. This study may guide other researchers or health professionals who are seeking to engage adolescents in the co-design of health promotion or intervention content. Effectiveness of the text message program will be tested in a randomized controlled trial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie R. Partridge
- Westmead Applied Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Westmead, NSW 2145, Australia; (R.R.); (Z.L.); (A.C.S.); (K.H.); (J.R.)
- Prevention Research Collaboration, Charles Perkins Centre, Sydney School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Rebecca Raeside
- Westmead Applied Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Westmead, NSW 2145, Australia; (R.R.); (Z.L.); (A.C.S.); (K.H.); (J.R.)
| | - Zoe Latham
- Westmead Applied Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Westmead, NSW 2145, Australia; (R.R.); (Z.L.); (A.C.S.); (K.H.); (J.R.)
| | - Anna C. Singleton
- Westmead Applied Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Westmead, NSW 2145, Australia; (R.R.); (Z.L.); (A.C.S.); (K.H.); (J.R.)
| | - Karice Hyun
- Westmead Applied Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Westmead, NSW 2145, Australia; (R.R.); (Z.L.); (A.C.S.); (K.H.); (J.R.)
| | - Alicia Grunseit
- Department of Weight Management, The Children’s Hospital Westmead, Westmead, NSW 2145, Australia;
| | - Katharine Steinbeck
- Discipline of Child and Adolescent Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Sydney, Westmead, NSW 2145, Australia;
| | - Julie Redfern
- Westmead Applied Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Westmead, NSW 2145, Australia; (R.R.); (Z.L.); (A.C.S.); (K.H.); (J.R.)
- The George Institute for Global Health, The University of New South Wales, Camperdown, NSW 2006, Australia
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Tang Y, Sun Q, Bai XY, Zhou YF, Zhou QL, Zhang M. Effect of dapagliflozin on obstructive sleep apnea in patients with type 2 diabetes: a preliminary study. Nutr Diabetes 2019; 9:32. [PMID: 31685792 PMCID: PMC6828696 DOI: 10.1038/s41387-019-0098-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2019] [Revised: 05/23/2019] [Accepted: 06/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective The aim of this case-control study was to assess the efficacy of dapagliflozin combined with metformin for type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) with obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS). Methods A total of 36 patients with newly-diagnosed T2DM and OSAHS were randomized divided into two groups. Eighteen OSAHS patients with T2DM, who were treated with dapagliflozin and metformin, were assigned as the dapagliflozin group. These patients were given dapagliflozin and metformin for 24 weeks between February 2017 and February 2018. Another 18 OSAHS patients with T2DM, who were treated with glimepiride and metformin for 24 weeks, were assigned as the control group. Fasting plasma glucose (FPG) level, postprandial blood glucose (PPG), hemoglobin A1C (HbA1c), fasting insulin, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), blood lipids, body mass index (BMI), blood pressure, apnea-hypopnea index (AHI), minimum oxygen saturation (LSpO2), and Epworth Somnolence Scale (ESS) score were measured before and at 24 weeks after the initiation of treatment. Results In the dapagliflozin group, triglyceride (TG), systolic pressure (SBP) and diastolic pressure (DBP) significantly decreased following treatment, while high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) significantly increased (P < 0.05). Furthermore, a reduction in AHI, an increase in LSpO2 and a decrease in ESS score were observed in the dapagliflozin group (P < 0.05), but not in the control group. Moreover, blood glucose, HbA1c, HOMA-IR, and BMI significantly decreased in these two groups, and the decrease was more significant in the dapagliflozin group. Conclusion These present results indicate that dapagliflozin can significantly reduce glucose, BMI, blood pressure and AHI, and improve hypoxemia during sleep and excessive daytime sleepiness, which thereby has potential as an effective treatment approach for OSAHS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Tang
- Department of Endocrinology, The Fifth People's Hospital of Chengdu, 611130, Chengdu, P.R. China
| | - Qin Sun
- Center of Diabetes Mellitus, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, 610072, Chengdu, P. R. China.
| | - Xiao-Yan Bai
- Department of Respiratory, The Fifth People's Hospital of Chengdu, 611130, Chengdu, P.R. China
| | - Yun-Fan Zhou
- Department of Endocrinology, The Third People's Hospital of Chengdu, 610000, Chengdu, P.R. China
| | - Qiong-Lan Zhou
- Department of Endocrinology, People's Hospital of Yilong County, 637676, Yilong, P.R. China
| | - Min Zhang
- Center of Diabetes Mellitus, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, 610072, Chengdu, P. R. China.
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Teo JX, Davila S, Yang C, Hii AA, Pua CJ, Yap J, Tan SY, Sahlén A, Chin CWL, Teh BT, Rozen SG, Cook SA, Yeo KK, Tan P, Lim WK. Digital phenotyping by consumer wearables identifies sleep-associated markers of cardiovascular disease risk and biological aging. Commun Biol 2019; 2:361. [PMID: 31602410 PMCID: PMC6778117 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-019-0605-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2018] [Accepted: 09/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Sleep is associated with various health outcomes. Despite their growing adoption, the potential for consumer wearables to contribute sleep metrics to sleep-related biomedical research remains largely uncharacterized. Here we analyzed sleep tracking data, along with questionnaire responses and multi-modal phenotypic data generated from 482 normal volunteers. First, we compared wearable-derived and self-reported sleep metrics, particularly total sleep time (TST) and sleep efficiency (SE). We then identified demographic, socioeconomic and lifestyle factors associated with wearable-derived TST; they included age, gender, occupation and alcohol consumption. Multi-modal phenotypic data analysis showed that wearable-derived TST and SE were associated with cardiovascular disease risk markers such as body mass index and waist circumference, whereas self-reported measures were not. Using wearable-derived TST, we showed that insufficient sleep was associated with premature telomere attrition. Our study highlights the potential for sleep metrics from consumer wearables to provide novel insights into data generated from population cohort studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Xian Teo
- SingHealth Duke-NUS Institute of Precision Medicine, National Heart Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Sonia Davila
- SingHealth Duke-NUS Institute of Precision Medicine, National Heart Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders Program, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Chengxi Yang
- National Heart Research Institute Singapore, National Heart Centre, Singapore, Singapore
| | - An An Hii
- National Heart Research Institute Singapore, National Heart Centre, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Chee Jian Pua
- National Heart Research Institute Singapore, National Heart Centre, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jonathan Yap
- Department of Cardiology, National Heart Centre, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Swee Yaw Tan
- Department of Cardiology, National Heart Centre, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Anders Sahlén
- Department of Cardiology, National Heart Centre, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska, Sweden
| | | | - Bin Tean Teh
- SingHealth Duke-NUS Institute of Precision Medicine, National Heart Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Cancer and Stem Biology Program, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
- Laboratory of Cancer Epigenome, Division of Medical Sciences, National Cancer Centre, Singapore, Singapore
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Steven G. Rozen
- SingHealth Duke-NUS Institute of Precision Medicine, National Heart Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Cancer and Stem Biology Program, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
- Centre for Computational Biology, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Stuart Alexander Cook
- SingHealth Duke-NUS Institute of Precision Medicine, National Heart Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders Program, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
- National Heart Research Institute Singapore, National Heart Centre, Singapore, Singapore
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
- MRC Clinical Sciences Centre, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Khung Keong Yeo
- Department of Cardiology, National Heart Centre, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Patrick Tan
- SingHealth Duke-NUS Institute of Precision Medicine, National Heart Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Cancer and Stem Biology Program, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Biomedical Research Council, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Weng Khong Lim
- SingHealth Duke-NUS Institute of Precision Medicine, National Heart Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Cancer and Stem Biology Program, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW We aim to describe current concepts on childhood and adolescent obesity with a strong focus on its sequela. Childhood obesity is a national epidemic with increasing prevalence over the past three decades placing children at increased risk for many serious comorbidities, previously felt to be only adult-specific diseases, making this topic both timely and relevant for general pediatricians as well as for subspecialists. RECENT FINDINGS Childhood obesity develops through an interplay of genetics, environment, and behavior. Treatment includes lifestyle modification, and now metabolic and bariatric surgery is more commonly considered in carefully selected adolescents. The off-label use of adjunct medications for weight loss in childhood and adolescent obesity is still in its infancy, but will likely become the next logical step in those with lifestyle modification refractory obesity. Obesity can lead to several comorbidities, which can persist into adulthood potentially shortening the child's lifespan. SUMMARY Efforts should be focused primarily on reducing childhood and adolescent obesity, and when indicated treating its sequela in effort to reduce future morbidity and mortality in this precious population. VIDEO ABSTRACT: http://links.lww.com/MOP/A36.
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Narcisse MR, Long CR, Felix HC, Howie EK, Purvis RS, McElfish PA. Adherence to sleep guidelines reduces risk of overweight/obesity in addition to 8-5-2-1-0 guidelines among a large sample of adolescents in the United States. Sleep Health 2019; 5:444-451. [PMID: 31023558 PMCID: PMC6800819 DOI: 10.1016/j.sleh.2019.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2018] [Revised: 03/08/2019] [Accepted: 03/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To examine whether adherence to US sleep, dietary, screen time, and physical activity (8-5-2-1-0) guidelines is associated with reduced risk of overweight/obesity in adolescents. DESIGN Multivariable log-binomial regressions were estimated using the 2017 Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance System data. RESULTS Of the 8194 adolescents aged 13 years and older, only 0.6% (49) met all guidelines. Meeting the recommended 8 hours of sleep per day was associated with reduced risk of overweight/obesity (risk ratio [RR]: 0.90; confidence interval [CI]: 0.81-0.99). Having ≤2 hours of screen time per day was associated with reduced risks of overweight/obesity (RR: 0.85; CI: 0.77-0.95). One hour of daily physical activity was associated with reduced risk of overweight/obesity (RR: 0.80; CI: 0.73-0.87). No significant associations were found between daily consumption of ≥5 fruits and vegetables or consumption of zero sugar-sweetened beverages and overweight/obesity. The 8-5-2-1-0 constitutes an improved prediction model to explain the risk of overweight/obesity among adolescents compared with the 5-2-1-0 model (F1,36 = 4.80; P = .035). CONCLUSIONS Findings from this study suggest that meeting recommendations for sleep, screen time, and physical activity is associated with decreased risk of overweight/obesity in a large sample of adolescents. These are important factors to consider in the prevention and treatment of overweight/obesity in adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie-Rachelle Narcisse
- College of Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences Northwest, 1125 North College Ave, Fayetteville, AR 72703, USA.
| | - Christopher R Long
- College of Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences Northwest, 1125 North College Ave, Fayetteville, AR 72703, USA.
| | - Holly C Felix
- Fay W. Boozman College of Public Health, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, 4301 West Markham St, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA.
| | - Erin K Howie
- Department of Health, Human Performance and Recreation, University of Arkansas, 324 Graduate Education Bldg, Fayetteville, AR 72701, USA.
| | - Rachel S Purvis
- Office of Community Health and Research, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences Northwest, 1125 North College Ave, Fayetteville, AR 72703, USA.
| | - Pearl A McElfish
- College of Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences Northwest, 1125 North College Ave, Fayetteville, AR 72703, USA.
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Kleszczewska D, Szkutnik AM, Siedlecka J, Mazur J. Physical Activity, Sedentary Behaviours and Duration of Sleep as Factors Affecting the Well-Being of Young People against the Background of Environmental Moderators. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 16:E915. [PMID: 30875742 PMCID: PMC6466255 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16060915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2019] [Revised: 03/09/2019] [Accepted: 03/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Mental health problems during adolescence are becoming increasingly frequent. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the total impact of selected behavioural and environmental factors on the variability of mental well-being indexes of young people aged 15 to 17 years. The survey, conducted as part of the last round of the Health Behaviour in School-Aged Children (HBSC) 2017/18 study, covered 3693 secondary school students in Poland at the average age of 16.53 years (SD = 1.09). Dependent variables: depression (CES-DC), stress (Cohen scale), satisfaction with life (Cantril's Ladder), and self-efficacy in social relations (Smith and Betz scale). Independent variables included: physical activity; sedentary behaviours; length of sleep; and perception of the environment in which the respondent was raised. The analyses were adjusted by gender, age, and occurrence of chronic disease. It was demonstrated that gender, duration of sleep, and perception of the surrounding environment proved to be significant predictors of all four mental health indicators. The protective influence of physical activity appeared to be a particular advantage in a less-supportive environment. The intervention programmes aimed at improving the mental well-being of young people should include promoting physical activity and sufficient sleep; furthermore, environmental moderators should be taken into consideration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorota Kleszczewska
- Institute of Mother and Child Foundation, Kasprzaka No. 17a, 01-211 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Agnieszka Małkowska Szkutnik
- Department of Biomedical Foundations of Development and Sexology, Faculty of Education, Warsaw University, Mokotowska No. 16/20, 00-561 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Jadwiga Siedlecka
- Department of Work Physiology and Ergonomics, Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine, Św. Teresy od Dzieciątka Jezus No. 8, 91-348 Łódź, Poland.
| | - Joanna Mazur
- Department of Child and Adolescent Health, Institute of Mother and Child, Kasprzaka No. 17a, 01-211 Warsaw, Poland.
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Herring SJ, Yu D, Spaeth A, Pien G, Darden N, Riis V, Bersani V, Wallen J, Davey A, Foster GD. Influence of Sleep Duration on Postpartum Weight Change in Black and Hispanic Women. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2019; 27:295-303. [PMID: 30597751 PMCID: PMC6345591 DOI: 10.1002/oby.22364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2018] [Accepted: 10/14/2018] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The primary purpose of this study was to examine associations of objectively measured sleep duration with weight changes in black and Hispanic mothers over the first postpartum year. METHODS Data were from 159 mothers (69% black, 32% Hispanic). Nocturnal sleep duration was assessed using wrist actigraphy at 6 weeks and 5 months post partum, examined as a continuous variable and in categories (< 7 vs. ≥ 7 hours/night, consistent with American Academy of Sleep Medicine recommendations). Body weights were abstracted from medical records in pregnancy and measured at 6 weeks, 5 months, and 12 months post partum. Outcomes included early postpartum (6 weeks to 5 months) and late postpartum (5 to 12 months) weight changes. RESULTS The majority of participants slept < 7 hours/night at 6 weeks (75%) and 5 months (63%) post partum. Early postpartum weight change did not differ by 6-week sleep duration category. By contrast, adjusted average late postpartum weight gain (SE) was 1.8 (0.7) kg higher in participants sleeping < 7 hours/night at 5 months post partum compared with those sleeping ≥ 7 hours/night (P = 0.02). Results did not show statistically significant associations of continuous measures of sleep duration, nor of measures of sleep quality, with postpartum weight changes. CONCLUSIONS Sleeping < 7 hours/night was associated with late postpartum weight gain in minority mothers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharon J. Herring
- Department of Medicine, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Daohai Yu
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Andrea Spaeth
- Center for Obesity Research and Education, College of Public Health, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Grace Pien
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD
| | - Niesha Darden
- Center for Obesity Research and Education, College of Public Health, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Valerie Riis
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Veronica Bersani
- Center for Obesity Research and Education, College of Public Health, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Jessica Wallen
- Center for Obesity Research and Education, College of Public Health, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Adam Davey
- College of Health Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE
| | - Gary D. Foster
- Center for Obesity Research and Education, College of Public Health, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA
- Weight Watchers International, New York, NY
- Center for Weight and Eating Disorders, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
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