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Kim JH, Thiruvengadam R. Hypertension in an ageing population: Diagnosis, mechanisms, collateral health risks, treatments, and clinical challenges. Ageing Res Rev 2024; 98:102344. [PMID: 38768716 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2024.102344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Revised: 05/07/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
Ageing population is considerably increasing worldwide, which is considered to reflect an improved quality of life. However, longevity in the human lifespan has increased the burden of late-life illnesses including cancer, neurodegeneration, and cardiovascular dysfunction. Of these, hypertension is the most common condition with huge health risks, with an increased prevalence among the elderly. In this review, we outline the current guidelines for defining hypertension and examine the detailed mechanisms underlying the relationship between hypertension and ageing-related outcomes, including sodium sensitivity, arterial stiffness, endothelial dysfunction, isolated systolic hypertension, white coat effect, and orthostatic hypertension. As hypertension-related collateral health risk increases among the elderly, the available management strategies are necessary to overcome the clinical treatment challenges faced among elderly population. To improve longevity and reduce adverse health effects, potential approaches producing crucial information into new era of medicine should be considered in the prevention and treatment of hypertension among elderly population. This review provides an overview of mechanisms underlying hypertension and its related collateral health risk in elderly population, along with multiple approaches and management strategies to improve the clinical challenges among elderly population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Hee Kim
- Department of Integrative Bioscience & Biotechnology, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, the Republic of Korea.
| | - Rekha Thiruvengadam
- Department of Integrative Bioscience & Biotechnology, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, the Republic of Korea
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Hu J, Anderson W, Hayes E, Strauss EA, Lang J, Bacos J, Simacek N, Vu HH, McCarty OJT, Kim H, Kang YA. The development, use, and challenges of electromechanical tissue stimulation systems. Artif Organs 2024. [PMID: 38887912 DOI: 10.1111/aor.14808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Revised: 05/15/2024] [Accepted: 06/02/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tissue stimulations greatly affect cell growth, phenotype, and function, and they play an important role in modeling tissue physiology. With the goal of understanding the cellular mechanisms underlying the response of tissues to external stimulations, in vitro models of tissue stimulation have been developed in hopes of recapitulating in vivo tissue function. METHODS Herein we review the efforts to create and validate tissue stimulators responsive to electrical or mechanical stimulation including tensile, compression, torsion, and shear. RESULTS Engineered tissue platforms have been designed to allow tissues to be subjected to selected types of mechanical stimulation from simple uniaxial to humanoid robotic stain through equal-biaxial strain. Similarly, electrical stimulators have been developed to apply selected electrical signal shapes, amplitudes, and load cycles to tissues, lending to usage in stem cell-derived tissue development, tissue maturation, and tissue functional regeneration. Some stimulators also allow for the observation of tissue morphology in real-time while cells undergo stimulation. Discussion on the challenges and limitations of tissue simulator development is provided. CONCLUSIONS Despite advances in the development of useful tissue stimulators, opportunities for improvement remain to better reproduce physiological functions by accounting for complex loading cycles, electrical and mechanical induction coupled with biological stimuli, and changes in strain affected by applied inputs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Hu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Massachusetts, Lowell, Massachusetts, USA
| | - William Anderson
- Department of Mechanical, Civil, and Biomedical Engineering, George Fox University, Newberg, Oregon, USA
| | - Emily Hayes
- Department of Mechanical, Civil, and Biomedical Engineering, George Fox University, Newberg, Oregon, USA
| | - Ellie Annah Strauss
- Department of Mechanical, Civil, and Biomedical Engineering, George Fox University, Newberg, Oregon, USA
| | - Jordan Lang
- Department of Mechanical, Civil, and Biomedical Engineering, George Fox University, Newberg, Oregon, USA
| | - Josh Bacos
- Department of Mechanical, Civil, and Biomedical Engineering, George Fox University, Newberg, Oregon, USA
| | - Noah Simacek
- Department of Mechanical, Civil, and Biomedical Engineering, George Fox University, Newberg, Oregon, USA
| | - Helen H Vu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Owen J T McCarty
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
- Cell, Developmental and Cancer Biology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Hoyeon Kim
- Department of Engineering, Loyola University Maryland, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Youngbok Abraham Kang
- Department of Mechanical, Civil, and Biomedical Engineering, George Fox University, Newberg, Oregon, USA
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Fujita M, Sasada M, Iyoda T, Fukai F. Involvement of Matricellular Proteins in Cellular Senescence: Potential Therapeutic Targets for Age-Related Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:6591. [PMID: 38928297 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25126591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2024] [Revised: 06/10/2024] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Senescence is a physiological and pathological cellular program triggered by various types of cellular stress. Senescent cells exhibit multiple characteristic changes. Among them, the characteristic flattened and enlarged morphology exhibited in senescent cells is observed regardless of the stimuli causing the senescence. Several studies have provided important insights into pro-adhesive properties of cellular senescence, suggesting that cell adhesion to the extracellular matrix (ECM), which is involved in characteristic morphological changes, may play pivotal roles in cellular senescence. Matricellular proteins, a group of structurally unrelated ECM molecules that are secreted into the extracellular environment, have the unique ability to control cell adhesion to the ECM by binding to cell adhesion receptors, including integrins. Recent reports have certified that matricellular proteins are closely involved in cellular senescence. Through this biological function, matricellular proteins are thought to play important roles in the pathogenesis of age-related diseases, including fibrosis, osteoarthritis, intervertebral disc degeneration, atherosclerosis, and cancer. This review outlines recent studies on the role of matricellular proteins in inducing cellular senescence. We highlight the role of integrin-mediated signaling in inducing cellular senescence and provide new therapeutic options for age-related diseases targeting matricellular proteins and integrins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Motomichi Fujita
- Department of Molecular Patho-Physiology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda 278-8510, Chiba, Japan
| | - Manabu Sasada
- Clinical Research Center in Hiroshima, Hiroshima University Hospital, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-Ku, Hiroshima 734-8551, Japan
| | - Takuya Iyoda
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sanyo-Onoda City University, 1-1-1 Daigaku-Doori, Sanyo-Onoda 756-0884, Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - Fumio Fukai
- Department of Molecular Patho-Physiology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda 278-8510, Chiba, Japan
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Goetz WA, Yao J, Brener M, Puri R, Swaans M, Schopka S, Wiesner S, Creutzenberg M, Sievert H, Kassab GS. The Stiffness of the Ascending Aorta Has a Direct Impact on Left Ventricular Function: An In Silico Model. Bioengineering (Basel) 2024; 11:603. [PMID: 38927839 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering11060603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2024] [Revised: 06/04/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
During systole, longitudinal shortening of the left ventricle (LV) displaces the aortic root toward the apex of the heart and stretches the ascending aorta (AA). An in silico study (Living Left Heart Human Model, Dassault Systèmes Simulia Corporation) demonstrated that stiffening of the AA affects myocardial stress and LV strain patterns. With AA stiffening, myofiber stress increased overall in the LV, with particularly high-stress areas at the septum. The most pronounced reduction in strain was noted along the septal longitudinal region. The pressure-volume loops showed that AA stiffening caused a deterioration in LV function, with increased end-systolic volume, reduced systolic LV pressure, decreased stroke volume and effective stroke work, but elevated end-diastolic pressure. An increase in myofiber contractility indicated that stroke volume and effective stroke work could be recovered, with an increase in LV end-systolic pressure and a decrease in end-diastolic pressure. Longitudinal and radial strains remained reduced, but circumferential strains increased over baseline, compensating for lost longitudinal LV function. Myofiber stress increased overall, with the most dramatic increase in the septal region and the LV apex. We demonstrate a direct mechanical pathophysiologic link between stiff AA and reduced longitudinal left ventricular strain which are common in patients with HFpEF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wolfgang Anton Goetz
- Cardiothoracic Surgery, University Hospital Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Jiang Yao
- Dassault Systèmes, Johnston, RI 02919, USA
| | - Michael Brener
- Division of Cardiology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - Rishi Puri
- Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
| | - Martin Swaans
- St. Antonius Ziekenhuis, 3435 Nieuwegein, The Netherlands
| | - Simon Schopka
- Cardiothoracic Surgery, University Hospital Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Sigrid Wiesner
- Cardiothoracic Surgery, University Hospital Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Marcus Creutzenberg
- Cardiothoracic Surgery, University Hospital Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | | | - Ghassan S Kassab
- California Medical Innovations Institute, San Diego, CA 92121, USA
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Simińska-Stanny J, Nicolas L, Chafai A, Jafari H, Hajiabbas M, Dodi G, Gardikiotis I, Delporte C, Nie L, Podstawczyk D, Shavandi A. Advanced PEG-tyramine biomaterial ink for precision engineering of perfusable and flexible small-diameter vascular constructs via coaxial printing. Bioact Mater 2024; 36:168-184. [PMID: 38463551 PMCID: PMC10924180 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2024.02.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Revised: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Vascularization is crucial for providing nutrients and oxygen to cells while removing waste. Despite advances in 3D-bioprinting, the fabrication of structures with void spaces and channels remains challenging. This study presents a novel approach to create robust yet flexible and permeable small (600-1300 μm) artificial vessels in a single processing step using 3D coaxial extrusion printing of a biomaterial ink, based on tyramine-modified polyethylene glycol (PEG-Tyr). We combined the gelatin biocompatibility/activity, robustness of PEG-Tyr and alginate with the shear-thinning properties of methylcellulose (MC) in a new biomaterial ink for the fabrication of bioinspired vessels. Chemical characterization using NMR and FTIR spectroscopy confirmed the successful modification of PEG with Tyr and rheological characterization indicated that the addition of PEG-Tyr decreased the viscosity of the ink. Enzyme-mediated crosslinking of PEG-Tyr allowed the formation of covalent crosslinks within the hydrogel chains, ensuring its stability. PEG-Tyr units improved the mechanical properties of the material, resulting in stretchable and elastic constructs without compromising cell viability and adhesion. The printed vessel structures displayed uniform wall thickness, shape retention, improved elasticity, permeability, and colonization by endothelial-derived - EA.hy926 cells. The chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) and in vivo assays demonstrated the hydrogel's ability to support neoangiogenesis. The hydrogel material with PEG-Tyr modification holds promise for vascular tissue engineering applications, providing a flexible, biocompatible, and functional platform for the fabrication of vascular structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Simińska-Stanny
- Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), École polytechnique de Bruxelles, 3BIO-BioMatter, Avenue F.D. Roosevelt, 50 - CP 165/61, 1050, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Lise Nicolas
- Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), École polytechnique de Bruxelles, 3BIO-BioMatter, Avenue F.D. Roosevelt, 50 - CP 165/61, 1050, Brussels, Belgium
- European School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Lorraine, Nancy, France
| | - Adam Chafai
- Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Micro-milli Platform, Avenue F.D. Roosevelt, 50 - CP 165/67, 1050, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Hafez Jafari
- Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), École polytechnique de Bruxelles, 3BIO-BioMatter, Avenue F.D. Roosevelt, 50 - CP 165/61, 1050, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Maryam Hajiabbas
- Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), École polytechnique de Bruxelles, 3BIO-BioMatter, Avenue F.D. Roosevelt, 50 - CP 165/61, 1050, Brussels, Belgium
- Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Faculté de Médecine, Campus Erasme - CP 611, Laboratory of Pathophysiological and Nutritional Biochemistry, Route de Lennik, 808, 1070, Bruxelles, Belgium
| | - Gianina Dodi
- Faculty of Medical Bioengineering, Grigore T. Popa, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Iasi, Romania
| | - Ioannis Gardikiotis
- Advanced Research and Development Center for Experimental Medicine, Grigore T. Popa, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Iasi, Romania
| | - Christine Delporte
- Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Faculté de Médecine, Campus Erasme - CP 611, Laboratory of Pathophysiological and Nutritional Biochemistry, Route de Lennik, 808, 1070, Bruxelles, Belgium
| | - Lei Nie
- Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), École polytechnique de Bruxelles, 3BIO-BioMatter, Avenue F.D. Roosevelt, 50 - CP 165/61, 1050, Brussels, Belgium
- College of Life Science, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang, China
| | - Daria Podstawczyk
- Department of Process Engineering and Technology of Polymer and Carbon Materials, Faculty of Chemistry, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Norwida 4/6, 50-373, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Amin Shavandi
- Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), École polytechnique de Bruxelles, 3BIO-BioMatter, Avenue F.D. Roosevelt, 50 - CP 165/61, 1050, Brussels, Belgium
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Del Brutto VJ, Khasiyev F, Liu M, Spagnolo-Allende A, Qiao Y, Melgarejo Arias JD, Guzman VA, Igwe KC, Sanchez DL, Andrews H, Morales CD, Farrell MT, Bassil DT, Seshadri S, Wagner RG, Mngomezulu V, Manly J, Elkind MSV, Berkman L, Romero JR, Maestre GE, Del Brutto OH, Brickman AM, Venketasubramanian N, Chen C, Robert C, Hilal S, Rundek T, Wasserman BA, Gutierrez J. Association of brain arterial diameters with demographic and anatomical factors in a multi-national pooled analysis of cohort studies. Neuroradiol J 2024; 37:304-313. [PMID: 38148489 PMCID: PMC11138338 DOI: 10.1177/19714009231224429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Brain arterial diameters are markers of cerebrovascular disease. Demographic and anatomical factors may influence arterial diameters. We hypothesize that age, sex, height, total cranial volume (TCV), and persistent fetal posterior cerebral artery (fPCA) correlate with brain arterial diameters across populations. METHODS Participants had a time-of-flight MRA from nine international cohorts. Arterial diameters of the cavernous internal carotid arteries (ICA), middle cerebral arteries (MCA), and basilar artery (BA) were measured using LAVA software. Regression models assessed the association between exposures and brain arterial diameters. RESULTS We included 6,518 participants (mean age: 70 ± 9 years; 41% men). Unilateral fPCA was present in 13.2% and bilateral in 3.2%. Larger ICA, MCA, and BA diameters correlated with older age (Weighted average [WA] per 10 years: 0.18 mm, 0.11 mm, and 0.12 mm), male sex (WA: 0.24 mm, 0.13 mm, and 0.21 mm), and TCV (WA: for one TCV standard deviation: 0.24 mm, 0.29 mm, and 0.18 mm). Unilateral and bilateral fPCAs showed a positive correlation with ICA diameters (WA: 0.39 mm and 0.73 mm) and negative correlation with BA diameters (WA: -0.88 mm and -1.73 mm). Regression models including age, sex, TCV, and fPCA explained on average 15%, 13%, and 25% of the ICA, MCA, and BA diameter interindividual variation, respectively. Using height instead of TCV as a surrogate of head size decreased the R-squared by 3% on average. CONCLUSION Brain arterial diameters correlated with age, sex, TCV, and fPCA. These factors should be considered when defining abnormal diameter cutoffs across populations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Ye Qiao
- Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Meagan T Farrell
- Harvard University, Harvard Center for Population and Development Studies, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Darina T Bassil
- Harvard University, Harvard Center for Population and Development Studies, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | | | - Ryan G Wagner
- MRC/Wits Rural Public Health and Health Transitions Research Unit (Agincourt), University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Victor Mngomezulu
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | | | | | - Lisa Berkman
- Harvard University, Harvard Center for Population and Development Studies, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | | | - Gladys E Maestre
- Laboratory of Neuroscience, University of Zulia, Maracaibo, Venezuela
- Institute of Neuroscience, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Harlingen, TX, USA
| | | | | | | | - Christopher Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, National University of Singapore, Singapore
- Memory Aging and Cognition Center, National University Health System, Singapore
| | - Caroline Robert
- Department of Pharmacology, National University of Singapore, Singapore
- Memory Aging and Cognition Center, National University Health System, Singapore
| | - Saima Hilal
- Department of Pharmacology, National University of Singapore, Singapore
- Memory Aging and Cognition Center, National University Health System, Singapore
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | | | - Bruce A Wasserman
- Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
- University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
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de Liyis BG, Ardhaputra GYB, Liyis S, Wihandani DM, Siahaan YMT, Pinatih KJP. High C-Reactive Protein/ Albumin Ratio Predicts Mortality and Hemorrhage in Stroke Patients Undergoing Mechanical Thrombectomy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. World Neurosurg 2024:S1878-8750(24)00902-1. [PMID: 38810878 DOI: 10.1016/j.wneu.2024.05.139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Stroke outcomes are multifactorial, and the C-Reactive Protein to Albumin Ratio (CAR) has emerged as a potential prognostic marker. This study aims to evaluate CAR prognostic significance in stroke. METHODS Systematic searches across ScienceDirect, Medline, and Cochrane databases identified longitudinal studies. Unfavorable outcomes, including poor prognosis (modified rankin scale> 2), mortality, and severe complications like hemorrhage or restenosis, were considered. Analyses for unfavorable outcomes were conducted based on prior intervention, stroke type, and outcome type. RESULTS The meta-analysis included 12 cohort studies comprising 5042 participants. Elevated CAR (OR: 1.72; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.17-2.52; P = 0.01) and CRP (OR: 1.91; 95% CI: 1.31-2.77; P < 0.001) levels on admission were associated with unfavorable outcomes; no such association was observed for albumin (OR: 0.66; 95%CI: 0.24-1.80; P = 0.42). Elevated CAR levels were associated with unfavorable outcomes in patients undergoing mechanical thrombectomy (odds ratio [OR]: 2.70; 95% CI: 1.14-6.38; P < 0.02) and those with ischemic stroke (OR: 1.99; 95% CI: 1.24-3.18; P < 0.001), but no significant association was found in patients with hemorrhagic stroke. Furthermore, concerning specific outcomes, high CAR levels were associated with mortality (OR: 1.71; 95% CI: 1.00-2.95; P = 0.05) and hemorrhage (OR: 6.02; 95% CI: 1.61-23.87; P = 0.05). The area under the curve for CAR was 0.72 (0.68-0.76), with a sensitivity of 0.61 (0.49-0.71) and specificity of 0.73 (0.64-0.81). CONCLUSIONS Elevated CAR emerges as an effective marker in assessing unfavorable outcomes in stroke patients with moderately high sensitivity and specificity. High CAR levels exhibited statistically significant mortality and hemorrhage in stroke patients undergoing mechanical thrombectomy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Desak Made Wihandani
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Udayana University, Denpasar, Bali, Indonesia
| | - Yusak Mangara Tua Siahaan
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Pelita Harapan University, Karawaci, Tangerang, Indonesia
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Zhang H, Li M, Hu CJ, Stenmark KR. Fibroblasts in Pulmonary Hypertension: Roles and Molecular Mechanisms. Cells 2024; 13:914. [PMID: 38891046 PMCID: PMC11171669 DOI: 10.3390/cells13110914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2024] [Revised: 05/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Fibroblasts, among the most prevalent and widely distributed cell types in the human body, play a crucial role in defining tissue structure. They do this by depositing and remodeling extracellular matrixes and organizing functional tissue networks, which are essential for tissue homeostasis and various human diseases. Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a devastating syndrome with high mortality, characterized by remodeling of the pulmonary vasculature and significant cellular and structural changes within the intima, media, and adventitia layers. Most research on PH has focused on alterations in the intima (endothelial cells) and media (smooth muscle cells). However, research over the past decade has provided strong evidence of the critical role played by pulmonary artery adventitial fibroblasts in PH. These fibroblasts exhibit the earliest, most dramatic, and most sustained proliferative, apoptosis-resistant, and inflammatory responses to vascular stress. This review examines the aberrant phenotypes of PH fibroblasts and their role in the pathogenesis of PH, discusses potential molecular signaling pathways underlying these activated phenotypes, and highlights areas of research that merit further study to identify promising targets for the prevention and treatment of PH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Zhang
- Cardiovascular Pulmonary Research Laboratories, Departments of Pediatrics and Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Min Li
- Cardiovascular Pulmonary Research Laboratories, Departments of Pediatrics and Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Cheng-Jun Hu
- Cardiovascular Pulmonary Research Laboratories, Departments of Pediatrics and Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
- Department of Craniofacial Biology, University of Colorado School of Dental Medicine, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Kurt R. Stenmark
- Cardiovascular Pulmonary Research Laboratories, Departments of Pediatrics and Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
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Becerril-Gaitan A, Nguyen T, Liu C, Mokua C, Gusdon AM, Brown RJ, Cochran J, Blackburn S, Chen PR, Dannenbaum M, Choi HA, Chen CJ. The Effect of Age on Cerebral Vasospasm and Delayed Cerebral Ischemia in Patients with Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage. World Neurosurg 2024:S1878-8750(24)00789-7. [PMID: 38750887 DOI: 10.1016/j.wneu.2024.05.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/04/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The association between patient age and cerebral arterial vasospasm (CVS) and delayed cerebral ischemia (DCI) risk following aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH) remains unclear. This study aims to assess the role of age on aSAH-related complications. METHODS Single-center retrospective study comprising aSAH patients treated between January 2009 and March 2023. Age was analyzed as continuous and categorical variables (<60 yrs vs. ≥60 yrs and by decade). Outcomes of interest included radiographic CVS, DCI, cerebral infarction, in-hospital mortality, length-of-stay (LOS), ventriculoperitoneal shunt placement, and modified Rankin Scale (mRS) scores at discharge and 3-month follow-up. RESULTS Nine hundred and twenty-five aSAH patients were included. Most (n = 598; 64.6%) were <60 yrs old (46 ± 9.1 yrs). CVS likelihood was lower in the older cohort (aOR = 0.56 [0.38-0.82]). Patients ≥60 yrs had higher mortality rates (aOR = 2.24 [1.12-4.47]) and worse mRS scores at discharge (aOR = 2.66 [1.91-3.72]) and 3-month follow-up (aOR = 2.19 [1.44-3.32]). Advanced age did not have a significant effect on DCI or cerebral infarction risk. Higher in-hospital mortality was documented with increasing age (P < 0.001). A significant interaction between CVS and age for the outcome of DCI was documented, with a stronger positive effect on poor outcomes (i.e., higher odds of DCI) among patients aged <60 years compared to those aged ≥60. CONCLUSIONS There is an inverse relationship between patient age and CVS incidence following aSAH. Nonetheless, patients ≥60 yrs had comparable DCI rates, higher in-hospital mortality, and worse functional outcomes than their younger counterparts. Routine screening and reliance on radiographic CVS as primary marker for aSAH-related complications should be reconsidered, particularly in older patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Becerril-Gaitan
- Department of Neurosurgery, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Tien Nguyen
- Department of Neurosurgery, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Collin Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Collins Mokua
- Department of Neurosurgery, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Aaron M Gusdon
- Department of Neurosurgery, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Robert J Brown
- Department of Neurosurgery, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Joseph Cochran
- Department of Neurosurgery, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Spiros Blackburn
- Department of Neurosurgery, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Peng Roc Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Mark Dannenbaum
- Department of Neurosurgery, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Huimahn A Choi
- Department of Neurosurgery, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Ching-Jen Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA.
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Gao T, Wang YF, Sun X, Zhang HR, Tian XC, Hei N, Yang XN, Zhou JX, Zhu L. CT quantification of pulmonary vessels in lung aging. Clin Radiol 2024; 79:e767-e774. [PMID: 38365539 DOI: 10.1016/j.crad.2024.01.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/18/2024]
Abstract
AIM To evaluate the effect of aging on pulmonary vessels based on computed tomography (CT) quantification and analyse the correlation between quantitative pulmonary vascular volume and pulmonary function during aging. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 330 healthy adult volunteers, including 161 men (53 aged 20-39 years, 61 aged 40-59 years, and 47 aged ≥60 years) and 169 women (53 aged 20-39 years, 63 aged 40-59 years, and 53 aged ≥60 years) were recruited in this study. AVIEW software was used to quantitatively measure pulmonary vascular volume, including pulmonary total blood vessel volume (TBV) and small blood vessel volume with a cross-sectional area of <5 mm2 (BV5). Pulmonary vascular volume parameters were standardised using the ratio of vascular volume to the body surface area (BSA; TBV/BSA and BV5/BSA). Subsequently, the effect of aging on the pulmonary vessels was analysed. RESULTS The pulmonary vascular volume parameters TBV/BSA and BV5/BSA of the whole lung, right lung, and left lung decreased significantly with increasing age (p<0.05). Additionally, TBV/BSA and BV5/BSA of the whole lung were higher in men than in women. The declining trend of pulmonary vascular volume was consistent in men and women and increased with age. CONCLUSIONS The pulmonary vascular volume parameters, TBV/BSA and BV5/BSA, decreased with age and were weakly positively correlated with pulmonary function.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Gao
- Department of Radiology, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China; The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an 710077, China
| | - Y F Wang
- Department of Radiology, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
| | - X Sun
- Department of Radiology, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
| | - H R Zhang
- Department of Radiology, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
| | - X C Tian
- Department of Radiology, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
| | - N Hei
- Department of Radiology, Xi'an Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xi'an 710021, China
| | - X N Yang
- School of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
| | - J X Zhou
- School of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
| | - L Zhu
- Department of Radiology, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China.
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11
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Stellon M, Gober L, Culver MA, Hermsen J, Irrer D, Witzenburg C, Roldán-Alzate A, Lamers L. Surgically induced aortic coarctation in a neonatal porcine model allows for longitudinal assessment of cardiovascular changes. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2024; 326:H1117-H1123. [PMID: 38488518 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00087.2024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2024] [Revised: 03/08/2024] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
Noncritical aortic coarctation (COA) typically presents beyond early childhood with hypertension. Correction of COA does not ensure a return to normal cardiovascular health, but the mechanisms are poorly understood. Therefore, we developed a porcine COA model to study the secondary cardiovascular changes. Eight male neonatal piglets (4 sham, 4 COA) underwent left posterolateral thoracotomy with descending aorta (DAO) mobilization. COA was created via a 1-cm longitudinal DAO incision with suture closure, plication, and placement and an 8-mm external band. All animals had cardiac catheterization at 6 (11-13 kg), 12 (26-31 kg), and 20 (67-70 kg) wk of age. Aortic luminal diameters were similar along the thoracic aorta, except for the COA region [6.4 mm COA vs. 17.3 mm sham at 20 wk (P < 0.001)]. Collateral flow could be seen as early as 6 wk. COA peak systolic pressure gradient was 20 mmHg at 6 wk and persisted through 20 wk increasing to 40 mmHg with dobutamine. Pulse pressures distal to the COA were diminished at 12 and 20 wk. This model addresses many limitations of prior COA models including neonatal creation at an expected anatomic position with intimal injury and vessel sizes similar to humans.NEW & NOTEWORTHY A neonatal model of aortic coarctation was developed in a porcine model using a readily reproducible method of aortic plication and external wrap placement. This model addresses the limitations of existing models including neonatal stenosis creation, appropriate anatomic location of the stenosis, and intimal injury creation and mimics human somatic growth. Pigs met American Heart Association (AHA) criteria for consideration of intervention, and the stenoses were graded as moderate to severe.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Stellon
- Department of Surgery, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, United States
| | - Leah Gober
- Department of Surgery, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, United States
| | - Matthew Allen Culver
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, United States
| | - Joshua Hermsen
- Department of Surgery, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, United States
| | - Dana Irrer
- Department of Cardiology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, United States
| | - Colleen Witzenburg
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, United States
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, United States
| | - Alejandro Roldán-Alzate
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, United States
- Department of Radiology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, United States
| | - Luke Lamers
- Department of Cardiology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, United States
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12
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Reurean-Pintilei D, Pantea Stoian A, Salmen T, Stoica RA, Mititelu-Tartau L, Lazăr S, Timar B. Associations between Skin Autofluorescence Levels with Cardiovascular Risk and Diabetes Complications in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes. Biomedicines 2024; 12:890. [PMID: 38672244 PMCID: PMC11048053 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12040890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2024] [Revised: 04/10/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Advanced Glycation End Products (AGEs) contribute to the pathophysiology of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and cardiovascular (CV) diseases (CVDs), making their non-invasive assessment through skin autofluorescence (SAF) increasingly important. This study aims to investigate the relationship between SAF levels, cardiovascular risk, and diabetic complications in T2DM patients. We conducted a single-center, cross-sectional study at Consultmed Hospital in Iasi, Romania, including 885 T2DM patients. The assessment of SAF levels was performed with the AGE Reader™, (Diagnoptics, Groningen, The Netherlands). CVD prevalence was 13.9%, and according to CV risk category distribution, 6.1% fell into the moderate-risk, 1.13% into the high-risk, and 92.77% into the very-high-risk category. The duration of DM averaged 9.0 ± 4.4 years and the mean HbA1c was 7.1% ± 1.3. After adjusting for age and eGFR, HbA1c values showed a correlation with SAF levels in the multivariate regression model, where a 1 SD increase in HbA1c was associated with a 0.105 SD increase in SAF levels (Nagelkerke R2 = 0.110; p < 0.001). For predicting very high risk with an SAF cut-off of 2.35, sensitivity was 67.7% and specificity was 56.2%, with an AUC of 0.634 (95% CI 0.560-0.709, p = 0.001). In T2DM, elevated SAF levels were associated with higher CV risk and HbA1c values, with 2.35 identified as the optimal SAF cut-off for very high CV risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Delia Reurean-Pintilei
- Doctoral School of Medicine and Pharmacy, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania;
- Centre for Molecular Research in Nephrology and Vascular Disease, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
- Department of Diabetes, Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases, Consultmed Medical Centre, 700544 Iasi, Romania
| | - Anca Pantea Stoian
- Diabetes, Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases Department, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Teodor Salmen
- Doctoral School of “Carol Davila”, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Roxana-Adriana Stoica
- Doctoral School of “Carol Davila”, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Liliana Mititelu-Tartau
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania
| | - Sandra Lazăr
- Centre for Molecular Research in Nephrology and Vascular Disease, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
- First Department of Internal Medicine, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
- Department of Hematology, Emergency Municipal Hospital Timisoara, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Bogdan Timar
- Centre for Molecular Research in Nephrology and Vascular Disease, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
- Second Department of Internal Medicine, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
- Department of Diabetes, Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases, “Pius Brinzeu” Emergency Hospital, 300723 Timisoara, Romania
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13
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Bartolf-Kopp M, Jungst T. The Past, Present, and Future of Tubular Melt Electrowritten Constructs to Mimic Small Diameter Blood Vessels - A Stable Process? Adv Healthc Mater 2024:e2400426. [PMID: 38607966 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202400426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2024] [Revised: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
Melt Electrowriting (MEW) is a continuously growing manufacturing platform. Its advantage is the consistent production of micro- to nanometer fibers, that stack intricately, forming complex geometrical shapes. MEW allows tuning of the mechanical properties of constructs via the geometry of deposited fibers. Due to this, MEW can create complex mechanics only seen in multi-material compounds and serve as guiding structures for cellular alignment. The advantage of MEW is also shown in combination with other biotechnological manufacturing methods to create multilayered constructs that increase mechanical approximation to native tissues, biocompatibility, and cellular response. These features make MEW constructs a perfect candidate for small-diameter vascular graft structures. Recently, studies have presented fascinating results in this regard, but is this truly the direction that tubular MEW will follow or are there also other options on the horizon? This perspective will explore the origins and developments of tubular MEW and present its growing importance in the field of artificial small-diameter vascular grafts with mechanical modulation and improved biomimicry and the impact of it in convergence with other manufacturing methods and how future technologies like AI may influence its progress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Bartolf-Kopp
- Department for Functional Materials in Medicine and Dentistry, Institute of Biofabrication and Functional Materials, University of Würzburg and KeyLab Polymers for Medicine of the Bavarian Polymer Institute (BPI), Würzburg, Germany
| | - Tomasz Jungst
- Department for Functional Materials in Medicine and Dentistry, Institute of Biofabrication and Functional Materials, University of Würzburg and KeyLab Polymers for Medicine of the Bavarian Polymer Institute (BPI), Würzburg, Germany
- Department of Orthopedics, Regenerative Medicine Center Utrecht, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
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14
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Fu Y, Zhou Y, Wang K, Li Z, Kong W. Extracellular Matrix Interactome in Modulating Vascular Homeostasis and Remodeling. Circ Res 2024; 134:931-949. [PMID: 38547250 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.123.324055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
The ECM (extracellular matrix) is a major component of the vascular microenvironment that modulates vascular homeostasis. ECM proteins include collagens, elastin, noncollagen glycoproteins, and proteoglycans/glycosaminoglycans. ECM proteins form complex matrix structures, such as the basal lamina and collagen and elastin fibers, through direct interactions or lysyl oxidase-mediated cross-linking. Moreover, ECM proteins directly interact with cell surface receptors or extracellular secreted molecules, exerting matricellular and matricrine modulation, respectively. In addition, extracellular proteases degrade or cleave matrix proteins, thereby contributing to ECM turnover. These interactions constitute the ECM interactome network, which is essential for maintaining vascular homeostasis and preventing pathological vascular remodeling. The current review mainly focuses on endogenous matrix proteins in blood vessels and discusses the interaction of these matrix proteins with other ECM proteins, cell surface receptors, cytokines, complement and coagulation factors, and their potential roles in maintaining vascular homeostasis and preventing pathological remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Fu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology (Y.F., K.W., Z.L., W.K.), School of Basic Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis and Remodeling, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yuan Zhou
- Department of Biomedical Informatics (Y.Z.), School of Basic Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis and Remodeling, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Kai Wang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology (Y.F., K.W., Z.L., W.K.), School of Basic Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis and Remodeling, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhuofan Li
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology (Y.F., K.W., Z.L., W.K.), School of Basic Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis and Remodeling, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Kong
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology (Y.F., K.W., Z.L., W.K.), School of Basic Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis and Remodeling, Peking University, Beijing, China
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15
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Sharafi M, Dehghan A, Mouseli A, Fatemian H, Jamali L, Afrashteh S, Chijan MR, Mastaneh Z, Zakeri A, Alkamel A. A cross-sectional study determining prevalence and factors associated with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction and non-ST segment elevation myocardial infarction in Iran: results from fasa registry on acute myocardial infarction (FaRMI). BMC Public Health 2024; 24:728. [PMID: 38448901 PMCID: PMC10918930 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-18140-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acute myocardial infarction is still a leading cause of death worldwide, accounting for roughly three million deaths yearly. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence and factors associated with ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction and Non-ST Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction in Iran. METHODS This cross-sectional study was conducted using the databases of the Fasa Registry on Acute Myocardial Infarction (FaRMI) and the Fasa Adult Cohort Study (FACS). chi-squared and one-way ANOVA tests were utilized to calculate the unadjusted associations between the study variables. A multivariate multinomial logistic regression model was also employed to determine the adjusted association of each independent variable with the risk of ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). RESULTS The prevalence of STEMI and non-STEMI was 31.60% and 11.80%, respectively. Multinomial logistic regression showed that older age, anemia, high WBC, and high creatinine levels were associated with higher odds of STEMI and non-STEMI compared to healthy individuals. In addition, based on the analysis being a woman(OR = 0.63,95%CI:0.51-0.78), anemia(OR = 0.67,95%CI:0.54-0.63)and hypertension (OR = 0.80,95%CI:0.65-0.97)decreased the likelihood of STEMI occurrence compared to non-STEMI, while high WBC(OR = 1.19,95%CI:1.15-1.23)increased the odds. CONCLUSION In this study, significant predictors of MI risk included age, gender, anemia, lipid profile, inflammation, and renal function. Subsequent investigations ought to prioritize the comprehensive understanding of the underlying mechanisms that drive these connections and assess the effectiveness of specific interventions aimed at diminishing the occurrence of MI and improving patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Sharafi
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran
- Noncommunicable Diseases Research Center, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran
| | - Azizallah Dehghan
- Noncommunicable Diseases Research Center, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran
| | - Ali Mouseli
- Social Determinants in Health Promotion Research Center, Hormozgan Health Institute, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran
| | - Hossein Fatemian
- Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Leila Jamali
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Sima Afrashteh
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Faculty of Health and Nutrition, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran.
| | | | - Zahra Mastaneh
- Department of Health Information Management and Technology, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran
| | - Abdoljabbar Zakeri
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran
- Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran
| | - Abdulhakim Alkamel
- Noncommunicable Diseases Research Center, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran
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16
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Sapkota A, Halder SK, Milner R. Cerebral arterioles express the laminin subunits α4 and α5 in conjunction with α6β4 integrin, but strongly downregulate laminin α4 during hypoxia-induced arteriogenic remodeling. Microvasc Res 2024; 152:104625. [PMID: 37979909 PMCID: PMC10872476 DOI: 10.1016/j.mvr.2023.104625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Revised: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/20/2023]
Abstract
Previous studies have shown that expression of the endothelial laminin receptor α6β4 integrin in the brain is uniquely restricted to arterioles. As exposure to chronic mild hypoxia (CMH, 8 % O2) stimulates robust angiogenic and arteriogenic remodeling responses in the brain, the goal of this study was to determine how CMH influences cerebrovascular expression of the β4 integrin as well as its potential ligands, laminin 411 and 511, containing the α4 and α5 laminin subunits respectively, and then define how aging impacts this expression. We observed the following: (i) CMH launched a robust arteriogenic remodeling response both in the young (10 weeks) and aged (20 months) brain, correlating with an increased number of β4 integrin+ vessels, (ii) while the laminin α4 subunit is expressed evenly across all cerebral blood vessels, laminin α5 was highly expressed preferentially on β4 integrin+ arterioles, (iii) CMH-induced arteriolar remodeling was associated with strong downregulation of the laminin α4 subunit but no change in the laminin α5 subunit, (iv) in addition to its expression on arterioles, β4 integrin was also expressed at lower levels on capillaries specifically in white matter (WM) tracts but not in the grey matter (GM), and (v), these observations were consistent in both the brain and spinal cord, and age had no obvious impact. Taken together, our findings suggest that laminin 511 may be a specific ligand for α6β4 integrin and that dynamic switching of the laminin subunits α4 and α5 might play an instructive role in arteriogenic remodeling. Furthermore, β4 integrin expression differentiates WM from GM capillaries, highlighting a novel and important difference.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arjun Sapkota
- San Diego Biomedical Research Institute, 3525 John Hopkins Court, Suite 200, San Diego, CA 92121, USA
| | - Sebok K Halder
- San Diego Biomedical Research Institute, 3525 John Hopkins Court, Suite 200, San Diego, CA 92121, USA
| | - Richard Milner
- San Diego Biomedical Research Institute, 3525 John Hopkins Court, Suite 200, San Diego, CA 92121, USA.
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17
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Fraile-Martinez O, De Leon-Oliva D, Boaru DL, De Castro-Martinez P, Garcia-Montero C, Barrena-Blázquez S, García-García J, García-Honduvilla N, Alvarez-Mon M, Lopez-Gonzalez L, Diaz-Pedrero R, Guijarro LG, Ortega MA. Connecting epigenetics and inflammation in vascular senescence: state of the art, biomarkers and senotherapeutics. Front Genet 2024; 15:1345459. [PMID: 38469117 PMCID: PMC10925776 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2024.1345459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Vascular diseases pose major health challenges, and understanding their underlying molecular mechanisms is essential to advance therapeutic interventions. Cellular senescence, a hallmark of aging, is a cellular state characterized by cell-cycle arrest, a senescence-associated secretory phenotype macromolecular damage, and metabolic dysregulation. Vascular senescence has been demonstrated to play a key role in different vascular diseases, such as atherosclerosis, peripheral arterial disease, hypertension, stroke, diabetes, chronic venous disease, and venous ulcers. Even though cellular senescence was first described in 1961, significant gaps persist in comprehending the epigenetic mechanisms driving vascular senescence and its subsequent inflammatory response. Through a comprehensive analysis, we aim to elucidate these knowledge gaps by exploring the network of epigenetic alterations that contribute to vascular senescence. In addition, we describe the consequent inflammatory cascades triggered by these epigenetic modifications. Finally, we explore translational applications involving biomarkers of vascular senescence and the emerging field of senotherapy targeting this biological process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oscar Fraile-Martinez
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, Alcala deHenares, Spain
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain
| | - Diego De Leon-Oliva
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, Alcala deHenares, Spain
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain
| | - Diego Liviu Boaru
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, Alcala deHenares, Spain
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain
| | - Patricia De Castro-Martinez
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, Alcala deHenares, Spain
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain
| | - Cielo Garcia-Montero
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, Alcala deHenares, Spain
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain
| | - Silvestra Barrena-Blázquez
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, Alcala deHenares, Spain
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain
| | - Joaquin García-García
- Department of Surgery, Medical and Social Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, Alcala deHenares, Spain
| | - Natalio García-Honduvilla
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, Alcala deHenares, Spain
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain
| | - Melchor Alvarez-Mon
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, Alcala deHenares, Spain
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain
- Network Biomedical Research Center for Liver and Digestive Diseases (CIBEREHD), Madrid, Spain
- Immune System Diseases-Rheumatology, Oncology Service an Internal Medicine (CIBEREHD), University Hospital Príncipe de Asturias, Alcala deHenares, Spain
| | - Laura Lopez-Gonzalez
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain
- Department of Surgery, Medical and Social Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, Alcala deHenares, Spain
| | - Raul Diaz-Pedrero
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain
- Department of Surgery, Medical and Social Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, Alcala deHenares, Spain
- Department of General and Digestive Surgery, General and Digestive Surgery, Príncipe de Asturias Universitary Hospital, Alcala deHenares, Spain
| | - Luis G. Guijarro
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain
- Network Biomedical Research Center for Liver and Digestive Diseases (CIBEREHD), Madrid, Spain
- Department of General and Digestive Surgery, General and Digestive Surgery, Príncipe de Asturias Universitary Hospital, Alcala deHenares, Spain
- Unit of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Department of System Biology (CIBEREHD), University of Alcalá, Alcala deHenares, Spain
| | - Miguel A. Ortega
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialities, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, Alcala deHenares, Spain
- Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain
- Network Biomedical Research Center for Liver and Digestive Diseases (CIBEREHD), Madrid, Spain
- Cancer Registry and Pathology Department, Principe de Asturias University Hospital, Alcala deHenares, Spain
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18
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Faleeva M, Ahmad S, Theofilatos K, Lynham S, Watson G, Whitehead M, Marhuenda E, Iskratsch T, Cox S, Shanahan CM. Sox9 Accelerates Vascular Aging by Regulating Extracellular Matrix Composition and Stiffness. Circ Res 2024; 134:307-324. [PMID: 38179698 PMCID: PMC10826924 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.123.323365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vascular calcification and increased extracellular matrix (ECM) stiffness are hallmarks of vascular aging. Sox9 (SRY-box transcription factor 9) has been implicated in vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) osteo/chondrogenic conversion; however, its relationship with aging and calcification has not been studied. METHODS Immunohistochemistry was performed on human aortic samples from young and aged patients. Young and senescent primary human VSMCs were induced to produce ECM, and Sox9 expression was manipulated using adenoviral overexpression and depletion. ECM properties were characterized using atomic force microscopy and proteomics, and VSMC phenotype on hydrogels and the ECM were examined using confocal microscopy. RESULTS In vivo, Sox9 was not spatially associated with vascular calcification but correlated with the senescence marker p16 (cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 2A). In vitro Sox9 showed mechanosensitive responses with increased expression and nuclear translocation in senescent cells and on stiff matrices. Sox9 was found to regulate ECM stiffness and organization by orchestrating changes in collagen (Col) expression and reducing VSMC contractility, leading to the formation of an ECM that mirrored that of senescent cells. These ECM changes promoted phenotypic modulation of VSMCs, whereby senescent cells plated on ECM synthesized from cells depleted of Sox9 returned to a proliferative state, while proliferating cells on a matrix produced by Sox9 expressing cells showed reduced proliferation and increased DNA damage, reiterating features of senescent cells. LH3 (procollagen-lysine, 2-oxoglutarate 5-dioxygenase 3) was identified as an Sox9 target and key regulator of ECM stiffness. LH3 is packaged into extracellular vesicles and Sox9 promotes extracellular vesicle secretion, leading to increased LH3 deposition within the ECM. CONCLUSIONS These findings highlight the crucial role of ECM structure and composition in regulating VSMC phenotype. We identify a positive feedback cycle, whereby cellular senescence and increased ECM stiffening promote Sox9 expression, which, in turn, drives further ECM modifications to further accelerate stiffening and senescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Faleeva
- British Heart Foundation (BHF) Centre of Research Excellence, School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine & Sciences (M.F., S.A., K.T., G.W., M.W., C.M.S.) King’s College London, United Kingdom
| | - Sadia Ahmad
- British Heart Foundation (BHF) Centre of Research Excellence, School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine & Sciences (M.F., S.A., K.T., G.W., M.W., C.M.S.) King’s College London, United Kingdom
| | - Konstantinos Theofilatos
- British Heart Foundation (BHF) Centre of Research Excellence, School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine & Sciences (M.F., S.A., K.T., G.W., M.W., C.M.S.) King’s College London, United Kingdom
| | - Steven Lynham
- Proteomics Facility, Centre of Excellence for Mass Spectrometry (S.L.) King’s College London, United Kingdom
| | - Gabriel Watson
- British Heart Foundation (BHF) Centre of Research Excellence, School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine & Sciences (M.F., S.A., K.T., G.W., M.W., C.M.S.) King’s College London, United Kingdom
| | - Meredith Whitehead
- British Heart Foundation (BHF) Centre of Research Excellence, School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine & Sciences (M.F., S.A., K.T., G.W., M.W., C.M.S.) King’s College London, United Kingdom
| | - Emilie Marhuenda
- School of Engineering and Material Science, Queen Mary University of London, United Kingdom (E.M., T.I.)
| | - Thomas Iskratsch
- School of Engineering and Material Science, Queen Mary University of London, United Kingdom (E.M., T.I.)
| | - Susan Cox
- Randall Centre for Cell & Molecular Biophysics, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine (S.C.) King’s College London, United Kingdom
| | - Catherine M. Shanahan
- British Heart Foundation (BHF) Centre of Research Excellence, School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine & Sciences (M.F., S.A., K.T., G.W., M.W., C.M.S.) King’s College London, United Kingdom
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Kiernan MJ, Al Mukaddim R, Mitchell CC, Maybock J, Wilbrand SM, Dempsey RJ, Varghese T. Lumen segmentation using a Mask R-CNN in carotid arteries with stenotic atherosclerotic plaque. ULTRASONICS 2024; 137:107193. [PMID: 37952384 PMCID: PMC10841729 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultras.2023.107193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Revised: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/29/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
In patients at high risk for ischemic stroke, clinical carotid ultrasound is often used to grade stenosis, determine plaque burden and assess stroke risk. Analysis currently requires a trained sonographer to manually identify vessel and plaque regions, which is time and labor intensive. We present a method for automatically determining bounding boxes and lumen segmentation using a Mask R-CNN network trained on sonographer assisted ground-truth carotid lumen segmentations. Automatic lumen segmentation also lays the groundwork for developing methods for accurate plaque segmentation, and wall thickness measurements in cases with no plaque. Different training schemes are used to identify the Mask R-CNN model with the highest accuracy. Utilizing a single-channel B-mode training input, our model produces a mean bounding box intersection over union (IoU) of 0.81 and a mean lumen segmentation IoU of 0.75. However, we encountered errors in prediction when the jugular vein is the most prominently visualized vessel in the B-mode image. This was due to the fact that our dataset has limited instances of B-mode images with both the jugular vein and carotid artery where the vein is dominantly visualized. Additional training datasets are anticipated to mitigate this issue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maxwell J Kiernan
- Department of Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health (UW-SMPH), United States.
| | - Rashid Al Mukaddim
- Department of Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health (UW-SMPH), United States
| | | | - Jenna Maybock
- Department of Neurological Surgery, UW-SMPH. Madison, WI, United States
| | | | - Robert J Dempsey
- Department of Neurological Surgery, UW-SMPH. Madison, WI, United States
| | - Tomy Varghese
- Department of Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health (UW-SMPH), United States.
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20
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McNeill MC, Li Mow Chee F, Ebrahimighaei R, Sala-Newby GB, Newby AC, Hathway T, Annaiah AS, Joseph S, Carrabba M, Bond M. Substrate stiffness promotes vascular smooth muscle cell calcification by reducing the levels of nuclear actin monomers. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2024; 187:65-79. [PMID: 38181546 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2023.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/07/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vascular calcification (VC) is a prevalent independent risk factor for adverse cardiovascular events and is associated with diabetes, hypertension, chronic kidney disease, and atherosclerosis. However, the mechanisms regulating the osteogenic differentiation of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC) are not fully understood. METHODS Using hydrogels of tuneable stiffness and lysyl oxidase-mediated stiffening of human saphenous vein ex vivo, we investigated the role of substrate stiffness in the regulation of VSMC calcification. RESULTS We demonstrate that increased substrate stiffness enhances VSMC osteogenic differentiation and VSMC calcification. We show that the effects of substrate stiffness are mediated via a reduction in the level of actin monomer within the nucleus. We show that in cells interacting with soft substrate, elevated levels of nuclear actin monomer repress osteogenic differentiation and calcification by repressing YAP-mediated activation of both TEA Domain transcription factor (TEAD) and RUNX Family Transcription factor 2 (RUNX2). CONCLUSION This work highlights for the first time the role of nuclear actin in mediating substrate stiffness-dependent VSMC calcification and the dual role of YAP-TEAD and YAP-RUNX2 transcriptional complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- M C McNeill
- Department of Translational Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, Bristol BS2 8HW, United Kingdom
| | - F Li Mow Chee
- Department of Translational Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, Bristol BS2 8HW, United Kingdom
| | - R Ebrahimighaei
- Department of Translational Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, Bristol BS2 8HW, United Kingdom
| | - G B Sala-Newby
- Department of Translational Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, Bristol BS2 8HW, United Kingdom
| | - A C Newby
- Department of Translational Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, Bristol BS2 8HW, United Kingdom
| | - T Hathway
- Department of Translational Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, Bristol BS2 8HW, United Kingdom
| | - A S Annaiah
- Bristol Heart Institute, University Hospital, Bristol NHS Foundation Trust, Bristol BS2 8HW, United Kingdom
| | - S Joseph
- Bristol Heart Institute, University Hospital, Bristol NHS Foundation Trust, Bristol BS2 8HW, United Kingdom
| | - M Carrabba
- Department of Translational Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, Bristol BS2 8HW, United Kingdom
| | - M Bond
- Department of Translational Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, Bristol BS2 8HW, United Kingdom.
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21
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Ferizoli R, Karimpour P, May JM, Kyriacou PA. Arterial stiffness assessment using PPG feature extraction and significance testing in an in vitro cardiovascular system. Sci Rep 2024; 14:2024. [PMID: 38263412 PMCID: PMC10806047 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-51395-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 01/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) remain the leading cause of global mortality, therefore understanding arterial stiffness is essential to developing innovative technologies to detect, monitor and treat them. The ubiquitous spread of photoplethysmography (PPG), a completely non-invasive blood-volume sensing technology suitable for all ages, highlights immense potential for arterial stiffness assessment in the wider healthcare setting outside specialist clinics, for example during routine visits to a General Practitioner or even at home with the use of mobile and wearable health devices. This study employs a custom-manufactured in vitro cardiovascular system with vessels of varying stiffness to test the hypothesis that PPG signals may be used to detect and assess the level of arterial stiffness under controlled conditions. Analysis of various morphological features demonstrated significant (p < 0.05) correlations with vessel stiffness. Particularly, area related features were closely linked to stiffness in red PPG signals, while for infrared PPG signals the most correlated features were related to pulse-width. This study demonstrates the utility of custom vessels and in vitro investigations to work towards non-invasive cardiovascular assessment using PPG, a valuable tool with applications in clinical healthcare, wearable health devices and beyond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Redjan Ferizoli
- Research Centre for Biomedical Engineering, City, University of London, London, EC1V 0HB, UK.
| | - Parmis Karimpour
- Research Centre for Biomedical Engineering, City, University of London, London, EC1V 0HB, UK
| | - James M May
- Research Centre for Biomedical Engineering, City, University of London, London, EC1V 0HB, UK
| | - Panicos A Kyriacou
- Research Centre for Biomedical Engineering, City, University of London, London, EC1V 0HB, UK
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22
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Diwan R, Bhatt HN, Beaven E, Nurunnabi M. Emerging delivery approaches for targeted pulmonary fibrosis treatment. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2024; 204:115147. [PMID: 38065244 PMCID: PMC10787600 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2023.115147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2023] [Revised: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/01/2024]
Abstract
Pulmonary fibrosis (PF) is a progressive, and life-threatening interstitial lung disease which causes scarring in the lung parenchyma and thereby affects architecture and functioning of lung. It is an irreversible damage to lung functioning which is related to epithelial cell injury, immense accumulation of immune cells and inflammatory cytokines, and irregular recruitment of extracellular matrix. The inflammatory cytokines trigger the differentiation of fibroblasts into activated fibroblasts, also known as myofibroblasts, which further increase the production and deposition of collagen at the injury sites in the lung. Despite the significant morbidity and mortality associated with PF, there is no available treatment that efficiently and effectively treats the disease by reversing their underlying pathologies. In recent years, many therapeutic regimens, for instance, rho kinase inhibitors, Smad signaling pathway inhibitors, p38, BCL-xL/ BCL-2 and JNK pathway inhibitors, have been found to be potent and effective in treating PF, in preclinical stages. However, due to non-selectivity and non-specificity, the therapeutic molecules also result in toxicity mediated severe side effects. Hence, this review demonstrates recent advances on PF pathology, mechanism and targets related to PF, development of various drug delivery systems based on small molecules, RNAs, oligonucleotides, peptides, antibodies, exosomes, and stem cells for the treatment of PF and the progress of various therapeutic treatments in clinical trials to advance PF treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rimpy Diwan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, The University of Texas El Paso, El Paso, TX 79902, United States; Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, The University of Texas El Paso, El Paso, TX 79968, United States
| | - Himanshu N Bhatt
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, The University of Texas El Paso, El Paso, TX 79902, United States; Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, The University of Texas El Paso, El Paso, TX 79968, United States
| | - Elfa Beaven
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, The University of Texas El Paso, El Paso, TX 79902, United States; Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, The University of Texas El Paso, El Paso, TX 79968, United States
| | - Md Nurunnabi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, The University of Texas El Paso, El Paso, TX 79902, United States; Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, The University of Texas El Paso, El Paso, TX 79968, United States; The Border Biomedical Research Center, The University of Texas El Paso, El Paso, TX 79968, United States.
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23
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Negussie YM, Getahun MS, Bekele NT. Factors associated with diabetes concordant comorbidities among adult diabetic patients in Central Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study. FRONTIERS IN CLINICAL DIABETES AND HEALTHCARE 2023; 4:1307463. [PMID: 38152283 PMCID: PMC10751332 DOI: 10.3389/fcdhc.2023.1307463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023]
Abstract
Background Diabetes comorbidities are a serious public health issue that raises the risk of adverse health effects and complicates diabetes management. It also harms emotional health, medication adherence, self-management, and general quality of life. However, evidence is scarce in Ethiopia, particularly in the study area. Thus, this study aimed to estimate the prevalence of diabetes concordant comorbidities and identify factors associated with the presence of concordant comorbidities among adult diabetic patients in central Ethiopia. Methods A health facility-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 398 adult diabetic patients. A computer-generated simple random sampling was used to select study participants. Data were collected using a structured data extraction checklist. The collected data were entered into Epi info version 7.2 and exported to SPSS version 27 for analysis. A binary logistic regression model was used to analyze the association between dependent and independent variables. An adjusted odds ratio with the corresponding 95% confidence interval was used to measure the strength of the association and statistical significance was declared at a p-value < 0.05. Result The prevalence of diabetes-concordant comorbidities was 41% (95% CI: 36.2-46.0). The multivariable logistic regression model showed that age 41-60 (AOR = 2.86, 95% CI: 1.60-5.13), place of residence (AOR = 2.22, 95% CI: 1.33-3.70), having type two diabetes (AOR = 3.30, 95% CI: 1.21-8.99), and having positive proteinuria (AOR = 2.64, 95% CI: 1.47-4.76) were significantly associated with diabetes concordant comorbidities. Conclusion The prevalence of diabetes-concordant comorbidities was relatively high. Age, place of residence, type of diabetes, and positive proteinuria were factors associated with diabetes-concordant comorbidities. Prevention, early identification, and proper management of diabetes comorbidities are crucial.
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24
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Duran M, Arnautovic A, Kilic C, Rembe JD, Mulorz J, Schelzig H, Wagenhäuser MU, Garabet W. The Comparison of Endovascular and Open Surgical Treatment for Ruptured Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm in Terms of Safety and Efficacy on the Basis of a Single-Center 30-Year Experience. J Clin Med 2023; 12:7186. [PMID: 38002798 PMCID: PMC10672125 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12227186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2023] [Revised: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm (rAAA) is a critical condition with a high mortality rate. Over the years, endovascular aortic repair (EVAR) has evolved as a viable treatment option in addition to open repair (OR). The primary objective of this study was to compare the safety and efficacy of EVAR and OR for the treatment of rAAA based on a comprehensive analysis of our single-centre 30-year experience. METHODS Patients treated for rAAA at the Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Germany from 1 January 1993 to 31 December 2022 were included. Relevant information was retrieved from archived medical records. Patient survival and surgery-related complications were analysed. RESULTS None of the patient-specific markers, emergency department-associated parameters, and co-morbidities were associated with patient survival. The 30-day and in-hospital mortality was higher in the OR group vs. in the EVAR group (50% vs. 8.7% and 57.1% vs. 13%, respectively). OR was associated with more frequent occurrence of more severe complications when compared to EVAR. Overall patient survival was 56 ± 5% at 12 months post-surgery (52 ± 6% for OR vs. 73 ± 11% for EVAR, respectively) (p < 0.05). Patients ≥70 years of age showed poorer survival in the OR group, with a 12-month survival of 42 ± 7% vs. 70 ± 10% for patients <70 years of age (p < 0.05). In the EVAR group, this age-related survival advantage was not found (12-month survival: ≥70 years: 67 ± 14%, <70 years: 86 ± 13%). Gender-specific survival was similar regardless of the applied method of care. CONCLUSION OR was associated with more severe complications in our study. EVAR initially outperformed OR for rAAA regarding patient survival while re-interventions following EVAR negatively affect survival in the long-term. Elderly patients should be treated with EVAR. Gender does not seem to have a significant impact on survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mansur Duran
- Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Marienhospital Gelsenkirchen, Teaching Hospital of Ruhr-University Bochum, Virchowstraße 135, 45886 Gelsenkirchen, Germany;
| | - Amir Arnautovic
- Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, University Hospital of Dusseldorf, Moorenstr. 5, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; (A.A.); (J.-D.R.); (H.S.); (W.G.)
| | - Cem Kilic
- Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, KLINIKUM Westfalen GmbH, Am Knappschaftskrankenhaus 1, 44309 Dortmund, Germany;
| | - Julian-Dario Rembe
- Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, University Hospital of Dusseldorf, Moorenstr. 5, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; (A.A.); (J.-D.R.); (H.S.); (W.G.)
| | - Joscha Mulorz
- Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, University Hospital of Dusseldorf, Moorenstr. 5, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; (A.A.); (J.-D.R.); (H.S.); (W.G.)
| | - Hubert Schelzig
- Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, University Hospital of Dusseldorf, Moorenstr. 5, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; (A.A.); (J.-D.R.); (H.S.); (W.G.)
| | - Markus Udo Wagenhäuser
- Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, University Hospital of Dusseldorf, Moorenstr. 5, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; (A.A.); (J.-D.R.); (H.S.); (W.G.)
| | - Waseem Garabet
- Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, University Hospital of Dusseldorf, Moorenstr. 5, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; (A.A.); (J.-D.R.); (H.S.); (W.G.)
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25
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Assoian RK, Xu T, Roberts E. Arterial mechanics, extracellular matrix, and smooth muscle differentiation in carotid arteries deficient for Rac1. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.11.15.567271. [PMID: 38014108 PMCID: PMC10680774 DOI: 10.1101/2023.11.15.567271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
Stiffening of the extracellular matrix (ECM) occurs after vascular injury and contributes to the injury-associated proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells (SMCs). ECM stiffness also activates Rac-GTP, and SMC Rac1 deletion strongly reduces the proliferative response to injury in vivo . However, ECM stiffening and Rac can affect SMC differentiation, which, in itself, can influence ECM stiffness and proliferation. Here, we used pressure myography and immunofluorescence analysis of mouse carotid arteries to ask if the reported effect of Rac1 deletion on in vivo SMC proliferation might be secondary to a Rac effect on basal arterial stiffness or SMC differentiation. The results show that Rac1 deletion does not affect the abundance of arterial collagen-I, -III, or -V, the integrity of arterial elastin, or the arterial responses to pressure, including the axial and circumferential stretch-strain relationships that are assessments of arterial stiffness. Medial abundance of alpha-smooth muscle actin and smooth muscle-myosin heavy chain, markers of the SMC differentiated phenotype, were not statistically different in carotid arteries containing or deficient in Rac1. Nor did Rac1 deficiency have a statistically significant effect on carotid artery contraction to KCl. Overall, these data argue that the inhibitory effect of Rac1 deletion on in vivo SMC proliferation reflects a primary effect of Rac1 signaling to the cell cycle rather than a secondary effect associated with altered SMC differentiation or arterial stiffness.
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26
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Xu M, Wang W, Chen R, Zhou L, Hu H, Qiao G, Wang L, Liu X, Wang Q, Ai Y, Ren H, Hu P. Individual and combined associations of estimated pulse wave velocity and systemic inflammation response index with risk of stroke in middle-aged and older Chinese adults: a prospective cohort study. Front Cardiovasc Med 2023; 10:1158098. [PMID: 38028467 PMCID: PMC10655141 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2023.1158098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and aims Estimated pulse wave velocity (ePWV) and systemic inflammatory response index (SIRI) have been recently investigated as a marker of arterial stiffness and a novel systemic inflammatory indicator. This study aims to examine the independent and combined association of ePWV and SIRI with incident stroke and its subtypes. Methods Data of the Dongfeng-Tongji cohort study was analyzed for 9,154 middle-aged and older adults, who were free of cardiovascular disease and cancer and were followed up to document incident stroke. But their association with incident stroke events and its subtypes have not been well studied. Multivariable adjusted Cox regression models were used to determine the independent and combined association of ePWV and SIRI with incident stroke events. Results Over a 7.22-year follow-up, the cohort documented 491 stroke cases (387 ischemic stroke and 104 hemorrhagic stroke). The multivariate adjusted model showed that with each one-unit increase in the level of ePWV, the corresponding hazard ratios (HRs) (95% CI) for total stroke, ischemic stroke, and hemorrhagic stroke were 1.53 (95% CI, 1.23-1.90), 1.42 (95% CI, 1.11-1.83), and 1.92 (95% CI, 1.21-3.03), respectively. Similarly, with each one-unit increase in log-transformed levels of SIRI, the corresponding HRs (95% CI) for total stroke, ischemic stroke, and hemorrhagic stroke were 1.23 (95% CI,1.04-1.47), 1.16 (95% CI, 0.96-1.41), and 1.52 (95% CI, 1.05-2.20), respectively. There appeared to be a combined effect of ePWV and SIRI on stroke; Participants with high levels of both ePWV and SIRI had a higher risk of total stroke and hemorrhagic stroke, with multiple adjusted HR of 2.43 (95% CI, 1.09-5.42). Additionally, the incorporation of ePWV in addition to traditional cardiovascular risk factors significantly improved the predictive accuracy for total stroke with C statistic increased from 0.684 (95% CI, 0.661-0.707) to 0.687 (95% CI, 0.664-0.710; x2 = 6.65; p for difference = 0.010), and (suggestively) for ischemic stroke with C statistic increased from 0.684 (95% CI, 0.659-0.71) to 0.691(95% CI, 0.666-0.717; x2 = 3.13, p for difference = 0.077), respectively. Conclusions The presence of both high ePWV and SIRI individually, as well as together, was found to be associated with an increased incidence of stroke. The combined stroke risk assessment using these two indicators could potentially improve non-invasive assessment and treatment strategies for high-risk patients, as these indicators are easily accessible in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Man Xu
- School of Nursing, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health (HUST), Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubation), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Wenqiang Wang
- School of Nursing, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Ruoling Chen
- Faculty of Education, Health and Wellbeing, University of Wolverhampton, Wolverhampton, United Kingdom
| | - Li Zhou
- Academy of Nutrition and Health, Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Occupational Hazard Identification and Control, School of Public Health, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Hui Hu
- School of Nursing, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Guiyuan Qiao
- School of Nursing, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Ling Wang
- School of Nursing, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | | | - Qiuhong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health (HUST), Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubation), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yating Ai
- School of Nursing, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Hairong Ren
- School of Nursing, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Ping Hu
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health (HUST), Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubation), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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Hussein M, Ali M, Abdelghaffar M, Yassien A, Gomaa R, Assad R, Magdy R. Frequency, characteristics, and predictors of headache attributed to acute ischemic stroke. Rev Neurol (Paris) 2023; 179:1000-1007. [PMID: 37541931 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurol.2023.03.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Revised: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/05/2023] [Indexed: 08/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Although headache is a common symptom in acute ischemic stroke, the clinical and radiological factors associated with its occurrence are controversial. This work aimed to determine the frequency, characteristics, and predictors of headache occurrence among patients with acute ischemic stroke. METHODS This cross-sectional study was conducted on 303 patients with acute ischemic stroke. The patients were submitted to detailed history taking, clinical and radiological assessment. A detailed analysis of headache was performed for the patients who experienced headache temporally related to stroke onset. RESULTS Diagnosis of headache attributed to the ischemic stroke was established in 129 (42.6%) patients; sentinel headache in 17.2% of patients, and headache at stroke onset in 25.4% of patients. The headache group had a significantly younger age (P=0.017), lower NIHSS score (P=0.042), higher frequency of pre-existing headache disorders (P=0.001), substance use disorder (P=0.021), and fever (P=0.036), and lower frequency of chronic hypertension (P=0.013) and small vessel disease (P=0.004) than non-headache group. Infarction involving posterior circulation was more frequent in headache than in non-headache groups (P=0.003). The presence of migraine, tension-type headache, other types of headache, fever and posterior circulation stroke increased the odds of headache by 27.4 (95%CI=8.0-94.4), 7.6 (95%CI=3.93-14.6), 26.2 (95%CI=8.0-85.8), 3.75 (95%CI=1.22-11.6) and 3.15 (95%CI=1.65-6.0) times, respectively, whereas, the presence of small vessel disease decreased the odds of headache by 0.51 (95%CI=0.279-0.95) times. CONCLUSION Pre-existing headache disorder, fever, and posterior circulation stroke were associated with headache occurrence in acute ischemic stroke patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Hussein
- Department of Neurology, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef. Egypt.
| | - M Ali
- Department of Neurology, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef. Egypt.
| | - M Abdelghaffar
- Department of Neurology, Fayoum University, Fayoum, Egypt.
| | - A Yassien
- Department of Critical care medicine, Beni-suef University, Beni-Suef. Egypt.
| | - R Gomaa
- Department of Neurology, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef. Egypt.
| | - R Assad
- Department of Radiology, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - R Magdy
- Department of Neurology, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.
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Davies MD, Hughes F, Sandoo A, Alejmi A, Macdonald JH. The effect of exercise on vascular health in chronic kidney disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2023; 325:F638-F655. [PMID: 37733834 PMCID: PMC10881234 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00152.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) are at increased risk of cardiovascular disease. This increased risk cannot be fully explained by traditional risk factors such as hypertension. Endothelial dysfunction and arterial stiffness have been suggested as factors that explain some of the increased risk and are independently associated with important cardiovascular outcomes in patients with CKD. Studies in other disease populations have shown the positive effects of exercise on vascular dysfunction. The aim of this review was to determine whether exercise training interventions improve measures of vascular function and morphology in patients across the spectrum of CKD and which exercise training interventions are most efficacious. A systematic search of Medline, Embase, and the Cochrane Central Register identified 25 randomized controlled trials. Only randomized control trials using an exercise intervention with a nonexercising control group and at least one measure of vascular function or morphology were included. Participants were patients with nondialysis CKD or transplant patients or those requiring dialysis therapy. A systematic review was conducted according to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. A meta-analysis was completed for pulse wave velocity, augmentation index, and measures of endothelium-dependent vasodilation. Data from 25 studies with 872 participants showed that exercise training reduced pulse wave velocity and augmentation index but had no effect on endothelium-dependent vasodilation. Subgroup analyses suggested that exercise interventions of at least moderate intensity were more likely to be effective. Limitations included the absence of observational studies or other interventions aimed at increasing habitual physical activity. Further studies are warranted to investigate which are the most effective exercise interventions.NEW & NOTEWORTHY A thorough systematic review and meta-analysis of the effects of exercise training on measures of vascular function in patients with chronic kidney disease, including arterial stiffness and endothelial function, were conducted. Subgroup analyses investigated how differences in exercise training, according to frequency, intensity, type, and timing, have an impact on the efficacy of the intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark D Davies
- Institute for Applied Human Physiology, School of Psychology and Sport Science, Bangor University, Bangor, Gwynedd, United Kingdom
| | - Felicity Hughes
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Ysbyty Gwynedd Hospital, Bangor, Gwynedd, United Kingdom
| | - Aamer Sandoo
- School of Psychology and Sport Science, Department of Sport Science, Bangor University, Bangor, Gwynedd, United Kingdom
| | - Abdulfattah Alejmi
- Renal Department, Ysbyty Gwynedd Hospital, Bangor, Gwynedd, United Kingdom
| | - Jamie Hugo Macdonald
- Institute for Applied Human Physiology, School of Psychology and Sport Science, Bangor University, Bangor, Gwynedd, United Kingdom
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Hamrangsekachaee M, Wen K, Yazdani N, Willits RK, Bencherif SA, Ebong EE. Endothelial glycocalyx sensitivity to chemical and mechanical sub-endothelial substrate properties. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 11:1250348. [PMID: 38026846 PMCID: PMC10643223 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1250348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Glycocalyx (GCX) is a carbohydrate-rich structure that coats the surface of endothelial cells (ECs) and lines the blood vessel lumen. Mechanical perturbations in the vascular environment, such as blood vessel stiffness, can be transduced and sent to ECs through mechanosensors such as GCX. Adverse stiffness alters GCX-mediated mechanotransduction and leads to EC dysfunction and eventually atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases. To understand GCX-regulated mechanotransduction events, an in vitro model emulating in vivo vessel conditions is needed. To this end, we investigated the impact of matrix chemical and mechanical properties on GCX expression via fabricating a tunable non-swelling matrix based on the collagen-derived polypeptide, gelatin. To study the effect of matrix composition, we conducted a comparative analysis of GCX expression using different concentrations (60-25,000 μg/mL) of gelatin and gelatin methacrylate (GelMA) in comparison to fibronectin (60 μg/mL), a standard coating material for GCX-related studies. Using immunocytochemistry analysis, we showed for the first time that different substrate compositions and concentrations altered the overall GCX expression on human umbilical vein ECs (HUVECs). Subsequently, GelMA hydrogels were fabricated with stiffnesses of 2.5 and 5 kPa, representing healthy vessel tissues, and 10 kPa, corresponding to diseased vessel tissues. Immunocytochemistry analysis showed that on hydrogels with different levels of stiffness, the GCX expression in HUVECs remained unchanged, while its major polysaccharide components exhibited dysregulation in distinct patterns. For example, there was a significant decrease in heparan sulfate expression on pathological substrates (10 kPa), while sialic acid expression increased with increased matrix stiffness. This study suggests the specific mechanisms through which GCX may influence ECs in modulating barrier function, immune cell adhesion, and mechanotransduction function under distinct chemical and mechanical conditions of both healthy and diseased substrates.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ke Wen
- Chemical Engineering Department, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Narges Yazdani
- Bioengineering Department, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Rebecca K. Willits
- Chemical Engineering Department, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, United States
- Bioengineering Department, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Sidi A. Bencherif
- Chemical Engineering Department, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, United States
- Bioengineering Department, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, United States
- Laboratoire de BioMécanique et BioIngénierie (BMBI), UMR CNRS, Sorbonne Universités, Université de Technologie of Compiègne (UTC), Compiègne, France
- Harvard John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, United States
| | - Eno E. Ebong
- Chemical Engineering Department, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, United States
- Bioengineering Department, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, United States
- Neuroscience Department, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY, United States
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30
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Llop D, Feliu A, Ibarretxe D, Escribano J, Plana N, Borjabad-Rodríguez C, Masana L, Vallvé JC. Lipoprotein profile assessed by 1H NMR, BMI and blood pressure are associated with vascular alterations in children with familial hypercholesterolaemia. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2023; 33:2035-2043. [PMID: 37543518 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2023.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Revised: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Children with familial hypercholesterolaemia (FH) have elevated low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) concentrations since birth, which increases the risk of cardiovascular disease in adulthood. Arterial injury and stiffness parameters, including carotid intima media thickness (cIMT), pulse wave velocity (PWV) and distensibility (DIST), can be detected early in childhood. We studied the associations between cIMT, PWV and DIST with the lipoprotein profile assessed by proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR) and with influential variables such as blood pressure (BP) or body mass index (BMI) in children with FH. METHODS AND RESULTS In this cross-sectional study, we included 201 children (96 with FH and 105 non-FH controls). Clinical history, physical examination and standard biochemical studies were performed. FH genetic testing was performed when clinically indicated. Carotid ultrasonography and an advanced lipoprotein profile by 1H NMR were performed. Multivariate and classification methods were used. There were no differences between cIMT, PWV and DIST between FH and non-FH children. FH children presented more total LDL and large, medium and small particles. Small LDL particles, BMI and systolic BP determined the presence of pathological IMT in the FH group. LDL size, high-density lipoproteins and very low-density lipoprotein particles together with blood pressure determined the presence of pathological arterial wall elasticity. CONCLUSIONS Alterations in lipoprotein parameters assessed by are associated with early structural and functional arterial characteristics in children with FH. BMI and BP act as boosting factors. Cardiovascular prevention should start early in children with FH, encompassing all components of a healthy lifestyle.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Llop
- Unitat de Recerca de Lípids I Arteriosclerosi, Universitat Rovira I Virgili, Reus, Catalonia, Spain; Institut D'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), Reus, Catalonia, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas, Madrid, Spain
| | - A Feliu
- Pediatric Nutrition and Human Development Research Unit, Universitat Rovira I Virgili, IISPV, Reus, Spain
| | - D Ibarretxe
- Unitat de Recerca de Lípids I Arteriosclerosi, Universitat Rovira I Virgili, Reus, Catalonia, Spain; Institut D'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), Reus, Catalonia, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas, Madrid, Spain; Servicio de Medicina Interna, Hospital Universitario Sant Joan, Reus, Catalonia, Spain
| | - J Escribano
- Pediatric Nutrition and Human Development Research Unit, Universitat Rovira I Virgili, IISPV, Reus, Spain
| | - N Plana
- Unitat de Recerca de Lípids I Arteriosclerosi, Universitat Rovira I Virgili, Reus, Catalonia, Spain; Institut D'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), Reus, Catalonia, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas, Madrid, Spain; Servicio de Medicina Interna, Hospital Universitario Sant Joan, Reus, Catalonia, Spain
| | - C Borjabad-Rodríguez
- Unitat de Recerca de Lípids I Arteriosclerosi, Universitat Rovira I Virgili, Reus, Catalonia, Spain; Institut D'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), Reus, Catalonia, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas, Madrid, Spain; Servicio de Medicina Interna, Hospital Universitario Sant Joan, Reus, Catalonia, Spain
| | - L Masana
- Unitat de Recerca de Lípids I Arteriosclerosi, Universitat Rovira I Virgili, Reus, Catalonia, Spain; Institut D'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), Reus, Catalonia, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas, Madrid, Spain; Servicio de Medicina Interna, Hospital Universitario Sant Joan, Reus, Catalonia, Spain
| | - J C Vallvé
- Unitat de Recerca de Lípids I Arteriosclerosi, Universitat Rovira I Virgili, Reus, Catalonia, Spain; Institut D'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), Reus, Catalonia, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas, Madrid, Spain.
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Stock JM, Shenouda N, Chouramanis NV, Patik JC, Martens CR, Farquhar WB, Chirinos JA, Edwards DG. Effect of acute handgrip and aerobic exercise on wasted pressure effort and arterial wave reflections in healthy aging. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2023; 325:H617-H628. [PMID: 37477688 PMCID: PMC10642996 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00133.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Revised: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023]
Abstract
Aging increases arterial stiffness and wave reflections that augment left ventricular wasted pressure effort (WPE). A single bout of exercise may be effective at acutely reducing WPE via reductions in arterial wave reflections. In young adults (YA) acute aerobic exercise decreases, whereas handgrip increases, wave reflections. Whether acute exercise mitigates or exacerbates WPE and arterial wave reflection in healthy aging warrants further examination. The purpose of this study was to determine if there are age-related differences in WPE and wave reflection during acute handgrip and aerobic exercise. When compared with baseline, WPE increased substantially in older adults (OA) during handgrip (5,219 ± 2,396 vs. 7,019 ± 2,888 mmHg·ms, P < 0.001). When compared with baseline, there was a robust reduction in WPE in OA during moderate-intensity aerobic exercise (5,428 ± 2,084 vs. 3,290 ± 1,537 mmHg·ms, P < 0.001), despite absolute WPE remaining higher in OA compared with YA during moderate-intensity aerobic exercise (OA 3,290 ± 1,537 vs. YA 1,188 ± 962 mmHg·ms, P < 0.001). There was no change in wave reflection timing indexed to ejection duration in OA during handgrip (40 ± 6 vs. 38 ± 4%, P = 0.41) or moderate-intensity aerobic exercise (40 ± 5 vs. 42 ± 8%, P = 0.99). Conversely, there was an earlier return of wave reflection in YA during handgrip (60 ± 11 vs. 52 ± 6%, P < 0.001) and moderate-intensity aerobic exercise (59 ± 7 vs. 51 ± 9%, P < 0.001). Changes in stroke volume were not different between groups during handgrip (P = 0.08) or aerobic exercise (P = 0.47). The greater increase in WPE during handgrip and decrease in WPE during aerobic exercise suggest that aortic hemodynamic responses to acute exercise are exaggerated with healthy aging without affecting stroke volume.NEW & NOTEWORTHY We demonstrated that acute aerobic exercise attenuated, whereas handgrip augmented, left ventricular hemodynamic load from wave reflections more in healthy older (OA) compared with young adults (YA) without altering stroke volume. These findings suggest an exaggerated aortic hemodynamic response to acute exercise perturbations with aging. They also highlight the importance of considering exercise modality when examining aortic hemodynamic responses to acute exercise in older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph M Stock
- Department of Kinesiology and Applied Physiology, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware, United States
| | - Ninette Shenouda
- Department of Kinesiology and Applied Physiology, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware, United States
| | - Nicholas V Chouramanis
- Department of Kinesiology and Applied Physiology, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware, United States
| | - Jordan C Patik
- Department of Kinesiology and Applied Physiology, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware, United States
| | - Christopher R Martens
- Department of Kinesiology and Applied Physiology, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware, United States
| | - William B Farquhar
- Department of Kinesiology and Applied Physiology, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware, United States
| | - Julio A Chirinos
- Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States
| | - David G Edwards
- Department of Kinesiology and Applied Physiology, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware, United States
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Rahaman SG, Mahanty M, Mukherjee P, Dutta B, Rahaman SO. Mechanosensing and Mechanosignal Transduction in Atherosclerosis. Curr Atheroscler Rep 2023; 25:711-721. [PMID: 37615786 DOI: 10.1007/s11883-023-01139-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW This review aims to summarize the latest findings on mechanosensing in atherosclerosis, elucidating the molecular mechanisms, cellular players, and potential therapeutic targets. RECENT FINDINGS Atherosclerosis, a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by the buildup of lipid-laden plaque within arterial walls, is a major contributor to cardiovascular disease-related mortality and morbidity. Interestingly, atherosclerosis predominantly occurs in arterial areas with curves and branches. In these regions, endothelial cells encounter irregular blood flow with distinctive low-intensity fluctuating shear stress. On the other hand, straight sections of arteries, subjected to a consistent flow and related high-intensity, one-way shear stress, are relatively safeguarded against atherosclerosis due to shear-dependent, disease-preventing endothelial cell reactions. In recent years, researchers have been investigating the role of mechanosensing in the development and progression of atherosclerosis. At the core of mechanosensing is the ability of various cells to sense and respond to biomechanical forces in their environment. In the context of atherosclerosis, endothelial cells, smooth muscle cells, and immune cells are subjected to various mechanical or physical stimuli, including shear stress, cyclic strain, and matrix stiffness. These mechanical cues play a crucial role in regulating cellular behavior and contribute to the pathophysiology of atherosclerosis. Accumulating evidence suggests that various mechanical or physical cues play a critical role in the development and promotion of atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suneha G Rahaman
- University of Maryland, Department of Nutrition and Food Science, College Park, MD, 20742, USA
| | - Manisha Mahanty
- University of Maryland, Department of Nutrition and Food Science, College Park, MD, 20742, USA
| | - Pritha Mukherjee
- University of Maryland, Department of Nutrition and Food Science, College Park, MD, 20742, USA
| | - Bidisha Dutta
- University of Maryland, Department of Nutrition and Food Science, College Park, MD, 20742, USA
| | - Shaik O Rahaman
- University of Maryland, Department of Nutrition and Food Science, College Park, MD, 20742, USA.
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Depboylu B, Eryilmaz A, Basak HS, Kirbac V, Basal Y, Omurlu IK, Gok M. Comparison of Arterial Stiffness and Strain Measured with Speckle Tracking Carotid Strain Ultrasonography after Radiation and Surgical Treatment for Head and Neck Cancer-A Clinical Trial. Diagnostics (Basel) 2023; 13:3090. [PMID: 37835836 PMCID: PMC10572110 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics13193090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
This study assessed arterial stiffness in head and neck cancer patients using speckle tracking carotid strain ultrasonography (STCS-US). It investigated the impacts of neck irradiation and neck dissection on the arterial stiffness of these patients by comparing their stiffness parameters with those of healthy controls. A total of 101 participants (67 patients and 34 healthy controls) were enrolled in this study. Fifty-two patients received definitive radiation therapy (TD: 60-72 Gy in 30 days) at least two years ago. Participants were grouped into four according to their states of neck irradiation (IR) and neck dissection (ND): Group (IR+/ND-) had 28 patients, Group (IR+/ND+) had 24 patients, Group (IR-/ND+) had 15 patients, and Group (IR-/ND-) had 34 healthy controls. All the participants underwent STCS-US. Arterial stiffness parameters relating to arterial compliance (AC) and elastic modulus (EM) were significantly changed in Group (IR+/ND-) and Group (IR+/ND+) in the transverse plane (p < 0.001, p < 0.001) and in the longitudinal plane (p < 0.001, p < 0.001); the change in β-stiffness index (β-SI) was more significant in the transverse plane (p = 0.002). Group (IR+/ND+) had significant transverse circumferential (p = 0.001) and radial strain parameters (p = 0.001). The carotid intimal medial thickness (CIMT) significantly changed in Group (IR+/ND+) compared to controls (p = 0.001). Our findings indicate that neck irradiation and neck dissection increase arterial stiffness as single treatments; however, double treatment is associated with a higher increase. Neck irradiation affects strain parameters more than neck dissection alone. The study demonstrated the feasibility and clinical value of the STCS method in assessing arterial stiffness and its potential use in cardiovascular risk assessment for patients with head and neck cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bengu Depboylu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Aydın Adnan Menderes University, Aydın 09010, Türkiye;
| | - Aylin Eryilmaz
- Department of Otolaryngology, Faculty of Medicine, Aydın Adnan Menderes University, Aydın 09010, Türkiye; (A.E.); (H.S.B.); (V.K.); (Y.B.)
| | - Hatice Sema Basak
- Department of Otolaryngology, Faculty of Medicine, Aydın Adnan Menderes University, Aydın 09010, Türkiye; (A.E.); (H.S.B.); (V.K.); (Y.B.)
| | - Veli Kirbac
- Department of Otolaryngology, Faculty of Medicine, Aydın Adnan Menderes University, Aydın 09010, Türkiye; (A.E.); (H.S.B.); (V.K.); (Y.B.)
| | - Yesim Basal
- Department of Otolaryngology, Faculty of Medicine, Aydın Adnan Menderes University, Aydın 09010, Türkiye; (A.E.); (H.S.B.); (V.K.); (Y.B.)
| | - Imran Kurt Omurlu
- Department of Biostatistics, Faculty of Medicine, Aydın Adnan Menderes University, Aydın 09010, Türkiye;
| | - Mustafa Gok
- Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Aydın Adnan Menderes University, Aydın 09010, Türkiye
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2050, Australia
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Kim HB, Seo MW, Jung HC. Effects of Aerobic vs. Resistance Exercise on Vascular Function and Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor in Older Women. Healthcare (Basel) 2023; 11:2479. [PMID: 37761675 PMCID: PMC10530817 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11182479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Revised: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the effects of different types of exercise (aerobic vs. resistance) on vascular function and vascular endothelial growth factor in older women. Forty-three older women, aged 65-75 years old, voluntarily participated in this study. All participants were randomly assigned to one of the following three groups: aerobic exercise (AE; n = 14), resistance exercise (RE; n = 15), and control (CG; n = 14) groups. All participants in the exercise groups performed their respective exercises for 60 min/day, three days/week, for 16 weeks. The intensity of aerobic and resistance exercises was determined using the individual heart rate reserve (40-60%) and RPE (12-13), respectively. The vascular function test included the brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (ba-PWV), carotid artery blood flow volume, and velocity. Participants' blood samples were collected to analyze the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). A significance level of 0.05 was set. Our results showed that ba-PWV improved following both AE (14.5%) and RE groups (11.1%) (all p < 0.05). Increases in carotid blood flow volume (AE: 15.4%, RE: 18.6%) and total artery peak velocity (AE: 20.4%, RE: 17%) were observed in AE and RE groups (p < 0.05), while flow total artery mean velocity (36.2%) and peak velocities (20.5%) were only increased in the aerobic exercise group (p < 0.05). VEGF was increased after resistance exercise (p < 0.05). Overall, aerobic exercise provides greater benefits on vascular function than resistance exercise but further research is needed on VEGF regarding whether this change is associated with vascular function improvement in older women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun-Bae Kim
- Department of Korean Sports Medicine, Daegu Haany University, Gyeongsan-si 38610, Gyengsanbuk-do, Republic of Korea;
| | - Myong-Won Seo
- Departments of Exercise Science, David B. Falk College of Sport and Human Dynamics, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY 13244, USA;
| | - Hyun Chul Jung
- Sports Science Research Center, College of Physical Education, Kyung Hee University, Yongin-si 17104, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
- Department of Sports Coaching, College of Physical Education, Kyung Hee University, Yongin-si 17104, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
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Carreon CK, Sanders SP, Ferraro AM, Gauvreau K, Nathan M, Toba S, Newburger JW, Beroukhim RS, Quinonez LG. Histopathology of resected tissue from repair of anomalous aortic origin of a coronary artery: Potential mechanism of coronary artery compression. JTCVS OPEN 2023; 15:412-423. [PMID: 37808028 PMCID: PMC10556936 DOI: 10.1016/j.xjon.2023.07.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Revised: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
Objective This study aimed to describe the histomorphologic characteristics of resected (unroofed) common wall tissue from repair of anomalous aortic origin of a coronary artery and to determine whether the histologic features correlate with clinical and imaging findings. Methods The histology of resected tissue was analyzed and reviewed for the presence of fibrointimal hyperplasia, smooth muscle disarray, mucoid extracellular matrix accumulation, mural fibrosis, and elastic fiber disorganization and fragmentation using hematoxylin and eosin and special stains. Clinical, computed tomography imaging, and surgical data were correlated with the histopathologic findings. Results Twenty specimens from 20 patients (age range, 7-18 years; 14 males) were analyzed. Anomalous aortic origin of a coronary artery involved the right coronary in 16 (80%), and a slit-like ostium was noted in 18 (90%). By computed tomography imaging, the median proximal coronary artery eccentricity index was 0.4 (range, 0.20-0.90). The median length of intramural course was 8.2 mm (range, 2.6-15.2 mm). The anomalous vessel was determined to be interarterial in 14 patients (93%, 15 had evaluable images). The median distance from a commissure was 2.5 mm above the sinotubular junction (STJ) (range: 2 mm below the STJ-14 mm above the STJ). Prominent histopathologic findings included elastic fiber alterations, mural fibrosis, and smooth muscle disarray. The shared wall of the aorta and intramural coronary artery is more similar to the aorta histologically. Mural fibrosis and elastic fiber abnormalities tended to be more severe in patients >10 years of age at the time of surgery, but this did not reach statistical significance. The extent of vascular changes did not appear to have a clear relationship with the imaging features. Conclusions The findings confirm the aortic wall-like quality of the intramural segment of the coronary artery and the presence of pathologic alterations in the wall microstructure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chrystalle Katte Carreon
- The Cardiac Registry, Departments of Cardiology, Pathology, and Cardiac Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Mass
- Department of Pathology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass
| | - Stephen P. Sanders
- The Cardiac Registry, Departments of Cardiology, Pathology, and Cardiac Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Mass
- Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass
| | - Alessandra M. Ferraro
- Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass
- Department of Cardiology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Mass
| | - Kimberlee Gauvreau
- Department of Cardiology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Mass
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Mass
| | - Meena Nathan
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Mass
- Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass
| | - Shuhei Toba
- The Cardiac Registry, Departments of Cardiology, Pathology, and Cardiac Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Mass
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Mie, Japan
| | - Jane W. Newburger
- Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass
- Department of Cardiology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Mass
| | - Rebecca S. Beroukhim
- Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass
- Department of Cardiology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Mass
| | - Luis G. Quinonez
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Mass
- Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass
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Wooldridge A, Chan C, Spaans F, Quon A, Steinback C, Davenport M, Davidge S, Cooke CL. Increased stiffness of omental arteries from late pregnant women at advanced maternal age. Biosci Rep 2023; 43:BSR20230819. [PMID: 37493195 PMCID: PMC10447229 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20230819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Revised: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 07/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Advanced maternal age (≥35 years) is a risk factor for poor pregnancy outcomes. Pregnancy requires extensive maternal vascular adaptations, and with age, our blood vessels become stiffer and change in structure (collagen and elastin). However, the effect of advanced maternal age on the structure of human resistance arteries during pregnancy is unknown. As omental resistance arteries contribute to blood pressure regulation, assessing their structure in pregnancy may inform on the causal mechanisms underlying pregnancy complications in women of advanced maternal age. Omental fat biopsies were obtained from younger (<35 years) or advanced maternal age (≥35 years) women during caesarean delivery (n = 7-9/group). Arteries (200-300 µm) were isolated and passive mechanical properties (circumferential stress and strain) assessed with pressure myography. Collagen (Masson's Trichrome) and elastin (Verhoff) were visualized histologically and % positively-stained area was assessed. Median maternal age was 32 years (range 25-34) for younger, and 38 years (range 35-42) for women of advanced maternal age. Circumferential strain was lower in arteries from advanced maternal age versus younger women but circumferential stress was not different. Omental artery collagen levels were similar, while elastin levels were lower with advanced maternal age versus younger pregnancies. The collagen:elastin ratio was greater in arteries from advanced maternal age versus younger women. In conclusion, omental arteries from women of advanced maternal age were less compliant with less elastin compared with arteries of younger controls, which may affect how vascular stressors are tolerated during pregnancy. Understanding how vascular aging affects pregnancy adaptations may contribute to better pregnancy outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy L. Wooldridge
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
- Women and Children’s Health Research Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Christy Chan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
- Women and Children’s Health Research Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Floor Spaans
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
- Women and Children’s Health Research Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Anita Quon
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
- Women and Children’s Health Research Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Craig D. Steinback
- Women and Children’s Health Research Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
- Faculty of Kinesiology, Sport, and Recreation, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Margie H. Davenport
- Women and Children’s Health Research Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
- Faculty of Kinesiology, Sport, and Recreation, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Sandra T. Davidge
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
- Women and Children’s Health Research Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Christy-Lynn M. Cooke
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
- Women and Children’s Health Research Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
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Schaarup JR, Christensen MS, Hulman A, Hansen CS, Vistisen D, Tabák AG, Witte DR, Bjerg L. Autonomic dysfunction is associated with the development of arterial stiffness: the Whitehall II cohort. GeroScience 2023; 45:2443-2455. [PMID: 37074615 PMCID: PMC10651635 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-023-00762-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 04/20/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aims to examine the association between baseline level and change of autonomic nervous function with subsequent development of arterial stiffness. Autonomic nervous function was assessed in 4901 participants of the Whitehall II occupational cohort by heart rate variability (HRV) indices and resting heart rate (rHR) three times between 1997 and 2009, while arterial stiffness was assessed by carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (PWV) measured twice between 2007 and 2013. First, individual HRV/rHR levels and annual changes were estimated. Then, we modelled the development of PWV by HRV/rHR using linear mixed effect models. First, we adjusted for sex and ethnicity (model 1), and then for socioeconomic and lifestyle factors, various clinical measurements, and medications (model 2). A decrease in HRV and unchanged rHR was associated with subsequent higher levels of PWV, but the effect of a change in HRV was less pronounced at higher ages. A typical individual aged 65 years with a SDNN level of 30 ms and a 2% annual decrease in SDNN had 1.32 (0.95; 1.69) higher PWV compared to one with the same age and SDNN level but with a 1% annual decrease in SDNN. Further adjustment had no major effect on the results. People who experience a steeper decline in autonomic nervous function have higher levels of arterial stiffness. The association was stronger in younger people.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonas R Schaarup
- Department of Public Health, Aarhus University, Bartholins Allé 2, 8000, Aarhus, Denmark.
- Steno Diabetes Center Aarhus, Aarhus University Hospital, Palle Juul-Jensens Boulevard 11, 8200, Aarhus, Denmark.
| | - Martin S Christensen
- Aarhus University Hospital, Palle Juul-Jensens Boulevard 161, 8200, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Adam Hulman
- Department of Public Health, Aarhus University, Bartholins Allé 2, 8000, Aarhus, Denmark
- Steno Diabetes Center Aarhus, Aarhus University Hospital, Palle Juul-Jensens Boulevard 11, 8200, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Christian S Hansen
- Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Ib Juuls Vej 83, 2730, Herlev, Denmark
| | - Dorte Vistisen
- Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Ib Juuls Vej 83, 2730, Herlev, Denmark
- Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Øster Farimagsgade 5, 1353, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Adam G Tabák
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, 1-19 Torrington Place, London, UK
- Department of Public Health, Semmelweis University Faculty of Medicine, 26 Üllői Str., 1085, Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Internal Medicine and Oncology, Semmelweis University Faculty of Medicine, 26 Üllői Str., 1085, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Daniel R Witte
- Department of Public Health, Aarhus University, Bartholins Allé 2, 8000, Aarhus, Denmark
- Steno Diabetes Center Aarhus, Aarhus University Hospital, Palle Juul-Jensens Boulevard 11, 8200, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Lasse Bjerg
- Department of Public Health, Aarhus University, Bartholins Allé 2, 8000, Aarhus, Denmark
- Steno Diabetes Center Aarhus, Aarhus University Hospital, Palle Juul-Jensens Boulevard 11, 8200, Aarhus, Denmark
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Xu Z, Chen Y, Wang Y, Han W, Xu W, Liao X, Zhang T, Wang G. Matrix stiffness, endothelial dysfunction and atherosclerosis. Mol Biol Rep 2023; 50:7027-7041. [PMID: 37382775 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-023-08502-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis (AS) is the leading cause of the human cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Endothelial dysfunction promotes the monocytes infiltration and inflammation that participate fundamentally in atherogenesis. Endothelial cells (EC) have been recognized as mechanosensitive cells and have different responses to distinct mechanical stimuli. Emerging evidence shows matrix stiffness-mediated EC dysfunction plays a vital role in vascular disease, but the underlying mechanisms are not yet completely understood. This article aims to summarize the effect of matrix stiffness on the pro-atherosclerotic characteristics of EC including morphology, rigidity, biological behavior and function as well as the related mechanical signal. The review also discusses and compares the contribution of matrix stiffness-mediated phagocytosis of macrophages and EC to AS progression. These advances in our understanding of the relationship between matrix stiffness and EC dysfunction open the avenues to improve the prevention and treatment of now-ubiquitous atherosclerotic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zichen Xu
- Key Laboratory for Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400030, China
| | - Yi Chen
- Chongqing Engineering Laboratory of Nano/Micro Biomedical Detection, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Nano/Micro Composite Material and Device, School of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering, Chongqing University of Science and Technology, Chongqing, 401331, China
| | - Yi Wang
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Wenbo Han
- Key Laboratory for Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400030, China
| | - Wenfeng Xu
- Chongqing Engineering Laboratory of Nano/Micro Biomedical Detection, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Nano/Micro Composite Material and Device, School of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering, Chongqing University of Science and Technology, Chongqing, 401331, China
| | - Xiaoling Liao
- Chongqing Engineering Laboratory of Nano/Micro Biomedical Detection, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Nano/Micro Composite Material and Device, School of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering, Chongqing University of Science and Technology, Chongqing, 401331, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- Chongqing Engineering Laboratory of Nano/Micro Biomedical Detection, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Nano/Micro Composite Material and Device, School of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering, Chongqing University of Science and Technology, Chongqing, 401331, China.
| | - Guixue Wang
- Key Laboratory for Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400030, China.
- Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, NO.174, Shazheng Street, Shapingba District, Chongqing, 400030, PR China.
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Lorenc E, Varinelli L, Chighizola M, Brich S, Pisati F, Guaglio M, Baratti D, Deraco M, Gariboldi M, Podestà A. Correlation between biological and mechanical properties of extracellular matrix from colorectal peritoneal metastases in human tissues. Sci Rep 2023; 13:12175. [PMID: 37500685 PMCID: PMC10374531 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-38763-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Peritoneal metastases (PM) are common routes of dissemination for colorectal cancer (CRC) and remain a lethal disease with a poor prognosis. The properties of the extracellular matrix (ECM) are important in cancer development; studying their changes is crucial to understand CRC-PM development. We studied the elastic properties of ECMs derived from human samples of normal and neoplastic PM by atomic force microscopy (AFM); results were correlated with patient clinical data and expression of ECM components related to metastatic spread. We show that PM progression is accompanied by stiffening of the ECM, increased cancer associated fibroblasts (CAF) activity and increased deposition and crosslinking in neoplastic matrices; on the other hand, softer regions are also found in neoplastic ECMs on the same scales. Our results support the hypothesis that local changes in the normal ECM can create the ground for growth and spread from the tumour of invading metastatic cells. We have found correlations between the mechanical properties (relative stiffening between normal and neoplastic ECM) of the ECM and patients' clinical data, like age, sex, presence of protein activating mutations in BRAF and KRAS genes and tumour grade. Our findings suggest that the mechanical phenotyping of PM-ECM has the potential to predict tumour development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewelina Lorenc
- Dipartimento di Fisica "Aldo Pontremoli" and CIMaINa, Università degli Studi di Milano, via G. Celoria 16, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Luca Varinelli
- Department of Research, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, via G. Venezian 1, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Matteo Chighizola
- Dipartimento di Fisica "Aldo Pontremoli" and CIMaINa, Università degli Studi di Milano, via G. Celoria 16, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Silvia Brich
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, via G. Venezian 1, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Federica Pisati
- Histopathology Unit, Cogentech Ltd. Benefit Corporation with a Sole Shareholder, via Adamello 16, 20139, Milan, Italy
| | - Marcello Guaglio
- Peritoneal Surface Malignancies Unit, Colon and Rectal Surgery, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, via G. Venezian 1, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Dario Baratti
- Peritoneal Surface Malignancies Unit, Colon and Rectal Surgery, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, via G. Venezian 1, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Marcello Deraco
- Peritoneal Surface Malignancies Unit, Colon and Rectal Surgery, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, via G. Venezian 1, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Manuela Gariboldi
- Department of Research, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, via G. Venezian 1, 20133, Milan, Italy.
| | - Alessandro Podestà
- Dipartimento di Fisica "Aldo Pontremoli" and CIMaINa, Università degli Studi di Milano, via G. Celoria 16, 20133, Milan, Italy.
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Zhang Y, Wang Z, Sun Q, Li Q, Li S, Li X. Dynamic Hydrogels with Viscoelasticity and Tunable Stiffness for the Regulation of Cell Behavior and Fate. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:5161. [PMID: 37512435 PMCID: PMC10386333 DOI: 10.3390/ma16145161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Revised: 07/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
The extracellular matrix (ECM) of natural cells typically exhibits dynamic mechanical properties (viscoelasticity and dynamic stiffness). The viscoelasticity and dynamic stiffness of the ECM play a crucial role in biological processes, such as tissue growth, development, physiology, and disease. Hydrogels with viscoelasticity and dynamic stiffness have recently been used to investigate the regulation of cell behavior and fate. This article first emphasizes the importance of tissue viscoelasticity and dynamic stiffness and provides an overview of characterization techniques at both macro- and microscale. Then, the viscoelastic hydrogels (crosslinked via ion bonding, hydrogen bonding, hydrophobic interactions, and supramolecular interactions) and dynamic stiffness hydrogels (softening, stiffening, and reversible stiffness) with different crosslinking strategies are summarized, along with the significant impact of viscoelasticity and dynamic stiffness on cell spreading, proliferation, migration, and differentiation in two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) cell cultures. Finally, the emerging trends in the development of dynamic mechanical hydrogels are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhang Zhang
- School of Mechanics and Safety Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China (Q.L.)
- National Center for International Joint Research of Micro-Nano Moulding Technology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Zhuofan Wang
- School of Mechanics and Safety Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China (Q.L.)
- National Center for International Joint Research of Micro-Nano Moulding Technology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Qingqing Sun
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Qian Li
- School of Mechanics and Safety Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China (Q.L.)
- National Center for International Joint Research of Micro-Nano Moulding Technology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Shaohui Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Xiaomeng Li
- School of Mechanics and Safety Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China (Q.L.)
- National Center for International Joint Research of Micro-Nano Moulding Technology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
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Kucherenko MM, Sang P, Yao J, Gransar T, Dhital S, Grune J, Simmons S, Michalick L, Wulsten D, Thiele M, Shomroni O, Hennig F, Yeter R, Solowjowa N, Salinas G, Duda GN, Falk V, Vyavahare NR, Kuebler WM, Knosalla C. Elastin stabilization prevents impaired biomechanics in human pulmonary arteries and pulmonary hypertension in rats with left heart disease. Nat Commun 2023; 14:4416. [PMID: 37479718 PMCID: PMC10362055 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-39934-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary hypertension worsens outcome in left heart disease. Stiffening of the pulmonary artery may drive this pathology by increasing right ventricular dysfunction and lung vascular remodeling. Here we show increased stiffness of pulmonary arteries from patients with left heart disease that correlates with impaired pulmonary hemodynamics. Extracellular matrix remodeling in the pulmonary arterial wall, manifested by dysregulated genes implicated in elastin degradation, precedes the onset of pulmonary hypertension. The resulting degradation of elastic fibers is paralleled by an accumulation of fibrillar collagens. Pentagalloyl glucose preserves arterial elastic fibers from elastolysis, reduces inflammation and collagen accumulation, improves pulmonary artery biomechanics, and normalizes right ventricular and pulmonary hemodynamics in a rat model of pulmonary hypertension due to left heart disease. Thus, targeting extracellular matrix remodeling may present a therapeutic approach for pulmonary hypertension due to left heart disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariya M Kucherenko
- Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Deutsches Herzzentrum der Charité (DHZC), Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353, Berlin, Germany
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Germany, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany
- Institute of Physiology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Berlin, Germany
| | - Pengchao Sang
- Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Deutsches Herzzentrum der Charité (DHZC), Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353, Berlin, Germany
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Germany, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany
- Institute of Physiology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Berlin, Germany
| | - Juquan Yao
- Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Deutsches Herzzentrum der Charité (DHZC), Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353, Berlin, Germany
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Germany, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany
- Institute of Physiology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - Tara Gransar
- Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Deutsches Herzzentrum der Charité (DHZC), Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353, Berlin, Germany
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Germany, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany
- Institute of Physiology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - Saphala Dhital
- Department of Bioengineering, Clemson University, 29634, Clemson, SC, USA
| | - Jana Grune
- Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Deutsches Herzzentrum der Charité (DHZC), Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353, Berlin, Germany
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Germany, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany
- Institute of Physiology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Berlin, Germany
| | - Szandor Simmons
- Institute of Physiology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Berlin, Germany
| | - Laura Michalick
- Institute of Physiology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Berlin, Germany
| | - Dag Wulsten
- Julius Wolff Institute for Biomechanics and Musculoskeletal Regeneration, Berlin Institute of Health at Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353, Berlin, Germany
| | - Mario Thiele
- Julius Wolff Institute for Biomechanics and Musculoskeletal Regeneration, Berlin Institute of Health at Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353, Berlin, Germany
| | - Orr Shomroni
- NGS Integrative Genomics (NIG), Justus-von-Liebig-Weg 11, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Felix Hennig
- Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Deutsches Herzzentrum der Charité (DHZC), Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353, Berlin, Germany
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Germany, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Berlin, Germany
| | - Ruhi Yeter
- Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Deutsches Herzzentrum der Charité (DHZC), Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353, Berlin, Germany
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Germany, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - Natalia Solowjowa
- Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Deutsches Herzzentrum der Charité (DHZC), Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353, Berlin, Germany
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Germany, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Berlin, Germany
| | - Gabriela Salinas
- NGS Integrative Genomics (NIG), Justus-von-Liebig-Weg 11, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Georg N Duda
- Julius Wolff Institute for Biomechanics and Musculoskeletal Regeneration, Berlin Institute of Health at Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353, Berlin, Germany
- Berlin Institute of Health Center for Regenerative Therapies, Berlin Institute of Health at Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353, Berlin, Germany
| | - Volkmar Falk
- Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Deutsches Herzzentrum der Charité (DHZC), Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353, Berlin, Germany
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Germany, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Berlin, Germany
- Department of Health Science and Technology, Translational Cardiovascular Technology, LFW C 13.2, ETH Zurich, Universitätstrasse 2, 8092, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Naren R Vyavahare
- Department of Bioengineering, Clemson University, 29634, Clemson, SC, USA
| | - Wolfgang M Kuebler
- Institute of Physiology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany.
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Berlin, Germany.
- Departments of Physiology and Surgery, University of Toronto, 1 King´s College Circle, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada.
| | - Christoph Knosalla
- Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Deutsches Herzzentrum der Charité (DHZC), Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353, Berlin, Germany.
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Germany, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany.
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Berlin, Germany.
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Georgieva I, Tchekalarova J, Iliev D, Tzoneva R. Endothelial Senescence and Its Impact on Angiogenesis in Alzheimer's Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:11344. [PMID: 37511104 PMCID: PMC10379128 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241411344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Endothelial cells are constantly exposed to environmental stress factors that, above a certain threshold, trigger cellular senescence and apoptosis. The altered vascular function affects new vessel formation and endothelial fitness, contributing to the progression of age-related diseases. This narrative review highlights the complex interplay between senescence, oxidative stress, extracellular vesicles, and the extracellular matrix and emphasizes the crucial role of angiogenesis in aging and Alzheimer's disease. The interaction between the vascular and nervous systems is essential for the development of a healthy brain, especially since neurons are exceptionally dependent on nutrients carried by the blood. Therefore, anomalies in the delicate balance between pro- and antiangiogenic factors and the consequences of disrupted angiogenesis, such as misalignment, vascular leakage and disturbed blood flow, are responsible for neurodegeneration. The implications of altered non-productive angiogenesis in Alzheimer's disease due to dysregulated Delta-Notch and VEGF signaling are further explored. Additionally, potential therapeutic strategies such as exercise and caloric restriction to modulate angiogenesis and vascular aging and to mitigate the associated debilitating symptoms are discussed. Moreover, both the roles of extracellular vesicles in stress-induced senescence and as an early detection marker for Alzheimer's disease are considered. The intricate relationship between endothelial senescence and angiogenesis provides valuable insights into the mechanisms underlying angiogenesis-related disorders and opens avenues for future research and therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina Georgieva
- Institute of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. George Bonchev, Str. Bl. 21, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Jana Tchekalarova
- Institute of Neurobiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. George Bonchev, Str. Bl. 23, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Dimitar Iliev
- Institute of Molecular Biology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. George Bonchev, Str. Bl. 21, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Rumiana Tzoneva
- Institute of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. George Bonchev, Str. Bl. 21, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
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Zhao X, Garg P, Assadi H, Tan RS, Chai P, Yeo TJ, Matthews G, Mehmood Z, Leng S, Bryant JA, Teo LLS, Ong CC, Yip JW, Tan JL, van der Geest RJ, Zhong L. Aortic flow is associated with aging and exercise capacity. EUROPEAN HEART JOURNAL OPEN 2023; 3:oead079. [PMID: 37635784 PMCID: PMC10460199 DOI: 10.1093/ehjopen/oead079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2023] [Revised: 07/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023]
Abstract
Aims Increased blood flow eccentricity in the aorta has been associated with aortic (AO) pathology, however, its association with exercise capacity has not been investigated. This study aimed to assess the relationships between flow eccentricity parameters derived from 2-dimensional (2D) phase-contrast (PC) cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging and aging and cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPET) in a cohort of healthy subjects. Methods and Results One hundred and sixty-nine healthy subjects (age 44 ± 13 years, M/F: 96/73) free of cardiovascular disease were recruited in a prospective study (NCT03217240) and underwent CMR, including 2D PC at an orthogonal plane just above the sinotubular junction, and CPET (cycle ergometer) within one week. The following AO flow parameters were derived: AO forward and backward flow indexed to body surface area (FFi, BFi), average flow displacement during systole (FDsavg), late systole (FDlsavg), diastole (FDdavg), systolic retrograde flow (SRF), systolic flow reversal ratio (sFRR), and pulse wave velocity (PWV). Exercise capacity was assessed by peak oxygen uptake (PVO2) from CPET. The mean values of FDsavg, FDlsavg, FDdavg, SRF, sFRR, and PWV were 17 ± 6%, 19 ± 8%, 29 ± 7%, 4.4 ± 4.2 mL, 5.9 ± 5.1%, and 4.3 ± 1.6 m/s, respectively. They all increased with age (r = 0.623, 0.628, 0.353, 0.590, 0.649, 0.598, all P < 0.0001), and decreased with PVO2 (r = -0.302, -0.270, -0.253, -0.149, -0.219, -0.161, all P < 0.05). A stepwise multivariable linear regression analysis using left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), FFi, and FDsavg showed an area under the curve of 0.769 in differentiating healthy subjects with high-risk exercise capacity (PVO2 ≤ 14 mL/kg/min). Conclusion AO flow haemodynamics change with aging and predict exercise capacity. Registration NCT03217240.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaodan Zhao
- National Heart Research Institute Singapore, National Heart Centre
Singapore, 5 Hospital Drive, 169609 Singapore,
Singapore
| | - Pankaj Garg
- Cardiology Department, Norfolk and Norwich University Hospitals NHS
Foundation Trust,Colney Ln, Norwich, NR4 7UY Norfolk, UK
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Health, Norwich Medical School,
University of East Anglia, Rosalind Franklin Rd, Norwich, NR4
7UQ Norfolk, UK
| | - Hosamadin Assadi
- Cardiology Department, Norfolk and Norwich University Hospitals NHS
Foundation Trust,Colney Ln, Norwich, NR4 7UY Norfolk, UK
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Health, Norwich Medical School,
University of East Anglia, Rosalind Franklin Rd, Norwich, NR4
7UQ Norfolk, UK
| | - Ru-San Tan
- National Heart Research Institute Singapore, National Heart Centre
Singapore, 5 Hospital Drive, 169609 Singapore,
Singapore
- Duke-NUS Medical School, National University of Singapore, 8 College Road,
169857 Singapore, Singapore
| | - Ping Chai
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging, National University Hospital
Singapore, 5 Lower Kent Ridge Road, 119074
Singapore, Singapore
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of
Singapore, 10 Medical Drive, 117597 Singapore,
Singapore
| | - Tee Joo Yeo
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging, National University Hospital
Singapore, 5 Lower Kent Ridge Road, 119074
Singapore, Singapore
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of
Singapore, 10 Medical Drive, 117597 Singapore,
Singapore
| | - Gareth Matthews
- Cardiology Department, Norfolk and Norwich University Hospitals NHS
Foundation Trust,Colney Ln, Norwich, NR4 7UY Norfolk, UK
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Health, Norwich Medical School,
University of East Anglia, Rosalind Franklin Rd, Norwich, NR4
7UQ Norfolk, UK
| | - Zia Mehmood
- Cardiology Department, Norfolk and Norwich University Hospitals NHS
Foundation Trust,Colney Ln, Norwich, NR4 7UY Norfolk, UK
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Health, Norwich Medical School,
University of East Anglia, Rosalind Franklin Rd, Norwich, NR4
7UQ Norfolk, UK
| | - Shuang Leng
- National Heart Research Institute Singapore, National Heart Centre
Singapore, 5 Hospital Drive, 169609 Singapore,
Singapore
- Duke-NUS Medical School, National University of Singapore, 8 College Road,
169857 Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jennifer Ann Bryant
- National Heart Research Institute Singapore, National Heart Centre
Singapore, 5 Hospital Drive, 169609 Singapore,
Singapore
- Duke-NUS Medical School, National University of Singapore, 8 College Road,
169857 Singapore, Singapore
| | - Lynette L S Teo
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging, National University Hospital
Singapore, 5 Lower Kent Ridge Road, 119074
Singapore, Singapore
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of
Singapore, 10 Medical Drive, 117597 Singapore,
Singapore
| | - Ching Ching Ong
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging, National University Hospital
Singapore, 5 Lower Kent Ridge Road, 119074
Singapore, Singapore
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of
Singapore, 10 Medical Drive, 117597 Singapore,
Singapore
| | - James W Yip
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging, National University Hospital
Singapore, 5 Lower Kent Ridge Road, 119074
Singapore, Singapore
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of
Singapore, 10 Medical Drive, 117597 Singapore,
Singapore
| | - Ju Le Tan
- National Heart Research Institute Singapore, National Heart Centre
Singapore, 5 Hospital Drive, 169609 Singapore,
Singapore
- Duke-NUS Medical School, National University of Singapore, 8 College Road,
169857 Singapore, Singapore
| | - Rob J van der Geest
- Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center,
Albinusdreef 2, 2333 ZA Leiden, TheNetherlands
| | - Liang Zhong
- National Heart Research Institute Singapore, National Heart Centre
Singapore, 5 Hospital Drive, 169609 Singapore,
Singapore
- Duke-NUS Medical School, National University of Singapore, 8 College Road,
169857 Singapore, Singapore
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Wang Y, Wang H, Zhou J, Wang J, Wu H, Wu J. Interaction between body mass index and blood pressure on the risk of vascular stiffness : A community-based cross-sectional study and implications for nursing. Int J Nurs Sci 2023; 10:325-331. [PMID: 37545779 PMCID: PMC10401353 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijnss.2023.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Revised: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective This study aimed to analyze associations between body mass index (BMI) and vascular measurements (brachial ankle pulse wave velocity [baPWV] and ankle-brachial index [ABI]), whether blood pressure (BP) was involved in the relationship, and implications for nursing. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted, including 1,894 middle-aged and older adults who underwent routine health screening at a community medical center in the Zhangjiang community in Shanghai, China. Participants were divided into three groups based on BMI: normal weight (n = 1,202), overweight (n = 480), and obese (n = 212). Multivariate linear regression models and smooth curve fittings were used to evaluate the associations between BMI and indices of vascular stiffness. Mediation analysis examined whether blood pressure mediate the association between BMI and vascular stiffness. Results Multiple linear regression analysis showed that BMI to be significantly and negatively associated with baPWV (β = -0.06 [-0.10, -0.03]) and ABI (β = -0.004 [-0.005, -0.003]), respectively. The interaction test results of systolic blood pressure (SBP) in the relationship between BMI and baPWV were significant (P for interaction = 0.01). After adjusting for age and sex, mediation analyses showed that BMI and baPWV were correlated (β = 0.090, P < 0.001) and mediated by SBP (β = 0.533, P < 0.001) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) (β = 0.338, P < 0.001). A negative association was found between BMI and ABI (β = -0.135, P < 0.001), which appeared to be partially mediated by SBP (β = 0.124, P < 0.001) and DBP (β = 0.053, P < 0.001). Additional subgroup analysis based on blood pressure levels did not revealed statistically significant mediating effects. Conclusions Our findings showed conflicting associations between BMI and non-invasive vascular measurements of arterial stiffness. BP may have a biological interaction in the relationship between BMI and baPWV. Managing blood pressure and weight through comprehensive clinical care is crucial for preventing stiffness or blockage of vessels in middle-aged and older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiyan Wang
- School of Nursing, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hao Wang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Sichuan, China
| | - Jie Zhou
- School of Nursing, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiaqi Wang
- School of Nursing, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hengjing Wu
- Clinical Center for Intelligent Rehabilitation Research, Shanghai Yangzhi Rehabilitation Hospital (Shanghai Sunshine Rehabilitation Center), Yangzhi Rehabilitation Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Wu
- School of Nursing, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Girish VV, V RK, M NP, Sivaprakasam M, Joseph J. Wearable Ambulatory Accelerometer System for Estimating Arterial Stiffness: A Pilot Study. ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF THE IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY. IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY. ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE 2023; 2023:1-4. [PMID: 38083056 DOI: 10.1109/embc40787.2023.10340560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2023]
Abstract
Given the gap between the crucial role of measuring arterial stiffness in cardiovascular disease prevention and the lack of a technology for frequent/continuous measurement to assess it without an operator, we have developed a wearable accelerometer-based system. It estimates local stiffness metrics (Ep, β, and AC) by employing a one-point patient-specific calibration on the features of acceleration plethysmogram (APG) signal. An in-vivo study on 12 subjects was conducted (a) to select suitable ones from the host features on which the calibration could be applied and (b) to assess the feasibility of reliably estimating the stiffness metrics post-exercise when calibrated prior. The acquired APG signals were found to be reliable (SNR > 38 dB) and repeatable (CoV < 10 %). By examining a correlation matrix, it was found that (a-b)/(a"-b") is a potential feature of consideration for calibration against the stiffness. Due to exercise intervention, the local stiffness metrics have physiologically perturbed by a significant amount (p < 0.05), as observed from the reference measurements. Estimated Ep was found to have statistically significant and strong correlation (r = 0.761, p < 0.05) with actual Ep value, whereas statistically significant and moderate correlation were found with estimated β (r = 0.682, p < 0.05) and estimated AC (r = 0.615, p < 0.05) with their respective actual measures. The system demonstrated its ability to estimate post-exercise stiffness metrics using the baseline calibration, even when subject to significant physiological changes.Clinical Relevance- This study reveals the potential of the developed wearable system to be used for continuous stiffness estimation even in the presence of hemodynamic perturbations.
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Noh KM, Park SJ, Moon SH, Jung SY. Extracellular matrix cues regulate the differentiation of pluripotent stem cell-derived endothelial cells. Front Cardiovasc Med 2023; 10:1169331. [PMID: 37435057 PMCID: PMC10330705 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2023.1169331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The generation of endothelial cells (ECs) from human pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) has been a promising approach for treating cardiovascular diseases for several years. Human PSCs, particularly induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), are an attractive source of ECs for cell therapy. Although there is a diversity of methods for endothelial cell differentiation using biochemical factors, such as small molecules and cytokines, the efficiency of EC production varies depending on the type and dose of biochemical factors. Moreover, the protocols in which most EC differentiation studies have been performed were in very unphysiological conditions that do not reflect the microenvironment of native tissue. The microenvironment surrounding stem cells exerts variable biochemical and biomechanical stimuli that can affect stem cell differentiation and behavior. The stiffness and components of the extracellular microenvironment are critical inducers of stem cell behavior and fate specification by sensing the extracellular matrix (ECM) cues, adjusting the cytoskeleton tension, and delivering external signals to the nucleus. Differentiation of stem cells into ECs using a cocktail of biochemical factors has been performed for decades. However, the effects of mechanical stimuli on endothelial cell differentiation remain poorly understood. This review provides an overview of the methods used to differentiate ECs from stem cells by chemical and mechanical stimuli. We also propose the possibility of a novel EC differentiation strategy using a synthetic and natural extracellular matrix.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyung Mu Noh
- Stem Cell Research Institute, T&R Biofab Co. Ltd., Seongnam-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Soon-Jung Park
- Stem Cell Research Institute, T&R Biofab Co. Ltd., Seongnam-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Hwan Moon
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, College of Biotechnology and Natural Resources, Chung-Ang University, Anseong-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Seok Yun Jung
- Stem Cell Research Institute, T&R Biofab Co. Ltd., Seongnam-si, Republic of Korea
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Pae BJ, Lee SK, Kim S, Siddiquee AT, Hwang YH, Lee MH, Kim REY, Kim SH, Lee M, Shin C. Effect of physical activity on the change in carotid intima-media thickness: An 8-year prospective cohort study. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0287685. [PMID: 37352303 PMCID: PMC10289364 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0287685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/25/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS There is a demand for longitudinal studies that use both objective and subjective measures of physical activity to investigate the association of physical activity with the change in carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT). In order to investigate such association, we conducted an 8-year follow-up study that used both objective and subjective measures of physical activity. METHODS This cohort study used subsamples of the ongoing Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study (KoGES). Included participants were between 49 to 79 years of age at baseline. Exclusion criteria included incomplete assessments of pedometer/accelerometer, international physical activity questionnaire (IPAQ), and baseline CIMT. Participants with a history of cardiovascular diseases were further excluded. Linear regression models were used for the main analysis. Age differences were assessed by stratifying the participants into < 60 years and ≥ 60 years. RESULTS After removing excluded participants, 835 participants were included in the final analysis (age, 59.84 ± 6.53 years; 326 (39.04%) males). 453 participants were < 60 years and 382 participants were ≥ 60 years. The daily total step count was inversely associated with the percent change in overall CIMT over 8-years (β = -0.015, standard error = 0.007, P = 0.034). This association was present among participants in the < 60-year-old group (β = -0.026, standard error = 0.010, P = 0.006), but not among participants in the ≥ 60-year-old group (β = -0.010, standard error = 0.011, P = 0.38). CONCLUSIONS The findings suggest that taking preemptive actions of increasing physical activity may prevent the incidence of atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Byung Joon Pae
- Institute of Human Genomic Study, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Ku Lee
- Institute of Human Genomic Study, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Soriul Kim
- Institute of Human Genomic Study, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ali T. Siddiquee
- Institute of Human Genomic Study, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoon Ho Hwang
- Institute of Human Genomic Study, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Hee Lee
- Institute of Human Genomic Study, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Pediatrics, Wayne State University School of Medicine, and the Translational Imaging Laboratory, Children’s Hospital of Michigan, Detroit, MI, United States of America
| | - Regina E. Y. Kim
- Institute of Human Genomic Study, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong Hwan Kim
- Department of Cardiology, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Ansan, Republic of Korea
| | - Miyoung Lee
- College of Physical Education and Sport Science, Kookmin University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Chol Shin
- Institute of Human Genomic Study, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Biomedical Research Center, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Ansan, Republic of Korea
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da Silva DVT, Baião DDS, Almeida CC, Paschoalin VMF. A Critical Review on Vasoactive Nutrients for the Management of Endothelial Dysfunction and Arterial Stiffness in Individuals under Cardiovascular Risk. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15112618. [PMID: 37299579 DOI: 10.3390/nu15112618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2023] [Revised: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Pathophysiological conditions such as endothelial dysfunction and arterial stiffness, characterized by low nitric oxide bioavailability, deficient endothelium-dependent vasodilation and heart effort, predispose individuals to atherosclerotic lesions and cardiac events. Nitrate (NO3-), L-arginine, L-citrulline and potassium (K+) can mitigate arterial dysfunction and stiffness by intensifying NO bioavailability. Dietary compounds such as L-arginine, L-citrulline, NO3- and K+ exert vasoactive effects as demonstrated in clinical interventions by noninvasive flow-mediated vasodilation (FMD) and pulse-wave velocity (PWV) prognostic techniques. Daily L-arginine intakes ranging from 4.5 to 21 g lead to increased FMD and reduced PWV responses. Isolated L-citrulline intake of at least 5.6 g has a better effect compared to watermelon extract, which is only effective on endothelial function when supplemented for longer than 6 weeks and contains at least 6 g of L-citrulline. NO3- supplementation employing beetroot at doses greater than 370 mg promotes hemodynamic effects through the NO3--NO2-/NO pathway, a well-documented effect. A potassium intake of 1.5 g/day can restore endothelial function and arterial mobility, where decreased vascular tone takes place via ATPase pump/hyperpolarization and natriuresis, leading to muscle relaxation and NO release. These dietary interventions, alone or synergically, can ameliorate endothelial dysfunction and should be considered as adjuvant therapies in cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davi Vieira Teixeira da Silva
- Instituto de Química, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência de Alimentos e Programa de Pós-Graduação em Química, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Av. Athos da Silveira Ramos 149, sala 545, Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro 21941-909, RJ, Brazil
| | - Diego Dos Santos Baião
- Instituto de Química, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência de Alimentos e Programa de Pós-Graduação em Química, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Av. Athos da Silveira Ramos 149, sala 545, Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro 21941-909, RJ, Brazil
| | - Cristine Couto Almeida
- Instituto de Química, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência de Alimentos e Programa de Pós-Graduação em Química, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Av. Athos da Silveira Ramos 149, sala 545, Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro 21941-909, RJ, Brazil
| | - Vania Margaret Flosi Paschoalin
- Instituto de Química, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência de Alimentos e Programa de Pós-Graduação em Química, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Av. Athos da Silveira Ramos 149, sala 545, Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro 21941-909, RJ, Brazil
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Yue X, Cui J, Sun Z, Liu L, Li Y, Shao L, Feng Q, Wang Z, Hambright WS, Cui Y, Huard J, Mu Y, Mu X. Nuclear softening mediated by Sun2 suppression delays mechanical stress-induced cellular senescence. Cell Death Discov 2023; 9:167. [PMID: 37198162 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-023-01467-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Revised: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Nuclear decoupling and softening are the main cellular mechanisms to resist mechanical stress-induced nuclear/DNA damage, however, its molecular mechanisms remain much unknown. Our recent study of Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome (HGPS) disease revealed the role of nuclear membrane protein Sun2 in mediating nuclear damages and cellular senescence in progeria cells. However, the potential role of Sun2 in mechanical stress-induced nuclear damage and its correlation with nuclear decoupling and softening is still not clear. By applying cyclic mechanical stretch to mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) of WT and Zmpset24-/- mice (Z24-/-, a model for HGPS), we observed much increased nuclear damage in Z24-/- MSCs, which also featured elevated Sun2 expression, RhoA activation, F-actin polymerization and nuclear stiffness, indicating the compromised nuclear decoupling capacity. Suppression of Sun2 with siRNA effectively reduced nuclear/DNA damages caused by mechanical stretch, which was mediated by increased nuclear decoupling and softening, and consequently improved nuclear deformability. Our results reveal that Sun2 is greatly involved in mediating mechanical stress-induced nuclear damage by regulating nuclear mechanical properties, and Sun2 suppression can be a novel therapeutic target for treating progeria aging or aging-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianlin Yue
- Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Jie Cui
- Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Zewei Sun
- Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Lei Liu
- Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Ying Li
- Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Liwei Shao
- Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Qi Feng
- Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Ziyue Wang
- Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - William S Hambright
- Steadman Philippon Research Institute, Center for Regenerative Sports Medicine, Vail, CO, USA
| | - Yan Cui
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Johnny Huard
- Steadman Philippon Research Institute, Center for Regenerative Sports Medicine, Vail, CO, USA
| | - Yanling Mu
- Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China.
| | - Xiaodong Mu
- Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China.
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50
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Raval AJ, Parikh JK, Desai MA. Perivascular patch using biodegradable polymers: Investigation of mechanical and drug elution characteristics. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2023; 142:105853. [PMID: 37099919 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2023.105853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Revised: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 04/28/2023]
Abstract
Intimal hyperplasia (IH) is the primary cause for the vascular graft stenosis. Perivascular devices offer a potential treatment option to reduce the impact of intimal hyperplasia by providing mechanical support and local administration of therapeutic agents to control cellular overgrowth. In the present study, a perivascular patch primarily made up of biodegradable polymer, Poly L-Lactide, has been designed with adequate mechanical strength and ability for sustained drug elution of anti-proliferative drug (Paclitaxel). The elastic modulus of the polymeric film has been optimized by blending the base polymer with different grades of biocompatible polyethylene glycols. Using design of experiments, the optimized parameters were obtained as PLLA with 2.5% PEG-6000 and have shown 3.14 MPa elastic modulus. The film prepared based on optimum conditions has been employed for prolonged drug delivery (about four months) under simulated physiological conditions. The addition of drug release rate enhancer (polyvinyl pyrrolidone K90F) has improved the drug elution rate and ∼83% drug was released over entire study period. The molecular weight of the base biodegradable polymer was estimated by gel permeation chromatography (GPC) which remained unchanged during the drug release study duration. Evidences of Paclitaxel drug crystallization were found to contribute to the sustained drug elution. The SEM examination of the surface morphology post-incubation revealed micropores on the surface, contributing to the overall drug release rate. The study concluded that perivascular biodegradable films could be tailored for their mechanical properties, and sustained drug elution could also be formulated with reasonable choices of biodegradable polymer and biocompatible additives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankur J Raval
- Research and Development Department, Sahajanand Medical Technologies Ltd. Surat, 395 004, Gujarat, India; Department of Chemical Engineering, Sardar Vallabhbhai National of Technology, Surat, 395 007, Gujarat, India
| | - Jigisha K Parikh
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Sardar Vallabhbhai National of Technology, Surat, 395 007, Gujarat, India.
| | - Meghal A Desai
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Sardar Vallabhbhai National of Technology, Surat, 395 007, Gujarat, India.
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