1
|
Idrees M, Kujan O. Curcumin is effective in managing oral inflammation: An in vitro study. J Oral Pathol Med 2024; 53:376-385. [PMID: 38772856 DOI: 10.1111/jop.13547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Revised: 05/02/2024] [Accepted: 05/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/23/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oral inflammation is among the most prevalent oral pathologies with systemic health implications, necessitating safe and effective treatments. Given curcumin's documented anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, this study focuses on the potential of a curcumin-based oral gel in safely managing oral inflammatory conditions. METHODS This in vitro study utilized four human cell lines: oral keratinocytes (HOKs), immortalized oral keratinocytes (OKF6), periodontal ligament fibroblasts (HPdLF), and dysplastic oral keratinocytes (DOKs). The cells were treated with Lipopolysaccharides (LPS) and curcumin-based oral gel to simulate inflammatory conditions. A panel of cellular assays were performed along with antimicrobial efficacy tests targeting Candida albicans, Streptococcus mutans, and Porphyromonas gingivalis. RESULTS LPS significantly reduced proliferation and wound healing capacities of HOKs, OKF6, and HPdLF, but not DOKs. Treatment with curcumin-based oral gel mitigated inflammatory responses in HOKs and HPdLF by enhancing proliferation, colony formation, and wound healing, along with reducing apoptosis. However, its impact on OKF6 and DOKs was limited in some assays. Curcumin treatment did not affect the invasive capabilities of any cell line but did modulate cell adhesion in a cell line-specific manner. The curcumin-based oral gel showed significant antimicrobial efficacy against C. albicans and S. mutans, but was ineffective against P. gingivalis. CONCLUSION This study demonstrates the potential of the curcumin-based oral gel as a safe and effective alternative to conventional antimicrobial treatments for managing cases of oral inflammation. This was achieved by modulating cellular responses under simulated inflammatory conditions. Future clinical-based studies are recommended to exploit curcumin's therapeutic benefits in oral healthcare.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Majdy Idrees
- UWA Dental School, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Omar Kujan
- UWA Dental School, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Tavares LCT, Canal Vasconcellos BDL, Maia CA, Marquiore LF, Benetti F, Ribeiro Sobrinho AP, Tavares WLF. The Influence of Bioceramic Cements on the Activity of Macrophages of Different Lineages: A Laboratory Study. J Endod 2024:S0099-2399(24)00359-5. [PMID: 38908681 DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2024.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Revised: 06/09/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/24/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The repair process of periradicular tissues depends, among other factors, on the properties of endodontic cements. Macrophages are among the main cells involved in this process. MATERIALS AND METHODS Murine peritoneal macrophages obtained from C57BL/6 (MBL6) and BALB/c (MBalb) mice, respectively, were cultured with capillaries containing or not Endosequence BC Sealer (BC), Sealer Plus BC (MK), Bio-C Sealer (Ang), and mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA). Cell viability was measured by Trypan blue and MTT methods at 24, 48, and 72 hours. Cell adhesion, phagocytosis of Saccharomyces boulardii, production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), nitric oxide (NO), and the cytokines tumor necrosis factor-α and transforming growth factor (TGF)-β were also evaluated. The data were analyzed using the analysis of variance test (P < .05). RESULTS Cell viability was similar between bioceramic sealers and MTA (P > .05). There was no statistical difference between both macrophages when adherence and phagocytose were assayed. The presence of inflammation stimulus significantly altered the production of ROS by MBL6 macrophages in contact with the cements. The production of TGF-β was similar for both lineages of macrophages. CONCLUSIONS This study shows that the evaluated bioceramic cements do not interfere with MBL6 and MBalb macrophage adhesion, phagocytic capacity, or TGF-β production. The cements stimulated the production of ROS by MBL6 macrophages in response to induced inflammation, potentially favoring the elimination of residual pathogens.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Layara Cristine Tomaz Tavares
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidade federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | - Caroline Andrade Maia
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidade federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Larissa Fassarela Marquiore
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidade federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Francine Benetti
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidade federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Antônio Paulino Ribeiro Sobrinho
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidade federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Warley Luciano Fonseca Tavares
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidade federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Enteghad S, Shirban F, Nikbakht MH, Bagherniya M, Sahebkar A. Relationship Between Diabetes Mellitus and Periodontal/Peri-Implant Disease: A Contemporaneous Review. Int Dent J 2024; 74:426-445. [PMID: 38614881 PMCID: PMC11123523 DOI: 10.1016/j.identj.2024.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2023] [Revised: 02/11/2024] [Accepted: 03/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/15/2024] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of diabetes mellitus (DM), a major chronic disease and a leading cause of death and disability around the world, is rising. According to the latest data, the global prevalence of DM has increased to 463 million (9.3% of adults) in 2019 and is estimated to reach 700 million by 2045. Periodontal disease, result of periodontium inflammation, is a common, chronic disease and has long been considered one of the complications of DM. Moreover, literature reflects a spectrum of conflicting viewpoints on the effect of diabetic conditions on the implant treatment strategies. The current review aims to update the recent epidemiologic evidence regarding the relationship between DM and periodontal/peri-implant disease, emphasising the effects of glycaemic control on the severity of these diseases and describing the pathobiological mechanisms underlying this association. This review's findings indicate a bidirectional relationship between DM and periodontal/peri-implant disease and that this relationship seems causal, implying that controlling these two diseases might help prevent each other's incidence. Additionally, the severity of periodontal/peri-implant disease is directly related to metabolic control. Although patients with diabetes can obtain implant success similar to those in systemically healthy individuals, an increased risk of peri-implantitis has been reported in DM patients. Therefore, the importance of glycaemic control and maintaining proper oral hygiene cannot be overstated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shabnam Enteghad
- School of Dentistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Farinaz Shirban
- Department of Orthodontics, Dental Research Center, Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
| | | | - Mohammad Bagherniya
- Food Security Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran; Anesthesia and Critical Care Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran; Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Ozcelik F, Ersahan S, Sirin DA, Ozçelik IK, Hepsenoglu YE, Karip B. The importance of mechanosensitive cell mediated prostaglandin and nitric oxide synthesis in the pathogenesis of apical periodontitis: comparative with chronic periodontitis. Clin Oral Investig 2024; 28:337. [PMID: 38795217 PMCID: PMC11127815 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-024-05721-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/27/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Mechano-sensitive odontoblast cells, which sense mechanical loading and various stresses in the tooth structure, synthesize early signaling molecules such as prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and nitric oxide (NO) as an adaptive response. It is thought that these synthesized molecules can be used for the diagnosis and treatment of periodontal and periapical diseases. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between the severity of apical periodontitis (AP) and chronic periodontitis (CP) and serum (s) TNF-α, IL-10, PGE2 and NO levels, as well as PGE2 and NO levels in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) samples. MATERIALS & METHODS A total of 185 subjects were divided into three categories: AP group (n = 85), CP group (n = 50) and healthy control group (n = 50). The AP group was divided into 3 subgroups according to abscess scoring (AS-PAI 1, 2 and 3) based on the periapical index. The CP group was divided into 4 subgroups according to the periodontitis staging system (PSS1, 2,3 and 4). After recording the demographic and clinical characteristics of all participants, serum (s) and gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) samples were taken. TNF-α, IL-10, PGE2 and NO levels were measured in these samples. RESULTS Unlike serum measurements (sTNF-α, sIL-10, sNO and sPGE2), GCF-NO and GCF-PGE levels of the AP group were significantly higher than the control group in relation to abscess formation (54.4 ± 56.3 vs. 22.5 ± 12.6 µmol/mL, p < 0.001 and 100 ± 98 vs. 41 ± 28 ng/L, p < 0.001, respectively). Confirming this, the GCF-NO and GCF-PGE levels of the AS-PAI 1 group, in which abscesses have not yet formed, were found to be lower than those in AS-PAI 2 and 3, which are characterized by abscess formation [(16.7(3.7-117.8), 32.9(11.8-212.8) and 36.9(4.3-251.6) µmol/mL, p = 0,0131; 46.0(31.4-120.0), 69.6(40.3-424.2) and 74.4(32.1-471.0) ng/L, p = 0,0020, respectively]. Consistent with the increase in PSS, the levels of sTNF [29.8 (8.2-105.5) vs. 16.7(6.3-37.9) pg/mL, p < 0.001], sIL-10 [542(106-1326) vs. 190(69-411) pg/mL, p < 0.001], sNO [182.1(36.3-437) vs. 57.0(15.9-196) µmol/mL, p < 0.001], sPGE2 [344(82-1298) vs. 100(35-1178) ng/L, p < 0.001], GCF-NO [58.9 ± 33.6 vs. 22.5 ± 12.6 ng/L, p < 0.001] and GCF-PGE2 [ 99(37-365) vs. 30(13-119), p < 0.001] in the CP group were higher than the control group. Comparison ROC analysis revealed that the GCF-PGE2 test had the best diagnostic value for both AP and CP (sensitivity: 94.1 and 88.0; specificity: 64.0 and 78.0, respectively; p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS GCF-PE2 and GCF-NO have high diagnostic value in the determination of AP and CP, and can be selected as targets to guide treatment. In addition, the measurements of PGE2 and NO in GCF can be used as an important predictor of pulpal necrosis leading to abscess in patients with AP. CLINICAL RELEVANCE In this article, it is reported that syntheses of early signaling molecules such as PGE2 and NO can be used for the diagnosis and treatment target of periapical and periodontal infections.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fatih Ozcelik
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Sisli Hamidiye Etfal Training and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences Turkiye, Istanbul, Türkiye.
| | - Seyda Ersahan
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Istanbul Medipol University, Istanbul, Türkiye
| | - Dursun Ali Sirin
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Health Sciences, Istanbul, Türkiye
| | | | - Yelda Erdem Hepsenoglu
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Istanbul Medipol University, Istanbul, Türkiye
| | - Burak Karip
- Department of Anatomy (Dentist), Hamidiye Faculty of Medicine, University of Health Sciences Turkiye, Istanbul, Türkiye
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Wang Z, Zeng H, Wang C, Wang J, Zhang J, Qu S, Han Y, Yang L, Ni Y, Peng W, Liu H, Tang H, Zhao Q, Zhang Y. Tim4 deficiency reduces CD301b + macrophage and aggravates periodontitis bone loss. Int J Oral Sci 2024; 16:20. [PMID: 38418808 PMCID: PMC10902347 DOI: 10.1038/s41368-023-00270-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Periodontitis is a common chronic inflammatory disease that causes the periodontal bone destruction and may ultimately result in tooth loss. With the progression of periodontitis, the osteoimmunology microenvironment in periodontitis is damaged and leads to the formation of pathological alveolar bone resorption. CD301b+ macrophages are specific to the osteoimmunology microenvironment, and are emerging as vital booster for conducting bone regeneration. However, the key upstream targets of CD301b+ macrophages and their potential mechanism in periodontitis remain elusive. In this study, we concentrated on the role of Tim4, a latent upstream regulator of CD301b+ macrophages. We first demonstrated that the transcription level of Timd4 (gene name of Tim4) in CD301b+ macrophages was significantly upregulated compared to CD301b- macrophages via high-throughput RNA sequencing. Moreover, several Tim4-related functions such as apoptotic cell clearance, phagocytosis and engulfment were positively regulated by CD301b+ macrophages. The single-cell RNA sequencing analysis subsequently discovered that Cd301b and Timd4 were specifically co-expressed in macrophages. The following flow cytometric analysis indicated that Tim4 positive expression rates in total macrophages shared highly synchronized dynamic changes with the proportions of CD301b+ macrophages as periodontitis progressed. Furthermore, the deficiency of Tim4 in mice decreased CD301b+ macrophages and eventually magnified alveolar bone resorption in periodontitis. Additionally, Tim4 controlled the p38 MAPK signaling pathway to ultimately mediate CD301b+ macrophages phenotype. In a word, Tim4 might regulate CD301b+ macrophages through p38 MAPK signaling pathway in periodontitis, which provided new insights into periodontitis immunoregulation as well as help to develop innovative therapeutic targets and treatment strategies for periodontitis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ziming Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Taikang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Hao Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Taikang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Can Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Taikang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jiaolong Wang
- School of Stomatology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Taikang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Shuyuan Qu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Taikang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yue Han
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Taikang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Liu Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Taikang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yueqi Ni
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Taikang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Wenan Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Taikang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Huan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Taikang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Hua Tang
- Institute of Infection and Immunity, Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Qin Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Taikang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
| | - Yufeng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Taikang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
- Medical Research Institute, School of Medicine, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Gao X, Li S, Wang W, Zhang X, Yu X, Fan C, Li W, Yang C, Wang L, Ji Q. Caspase-3 and gasdermin E mediate macrophage pyroptosis in periodontitis. J Periodontal Res 2024; 59:140-150. [PMID: 37885312 DOI: 10.1111/jre.13197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Revised: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disease linked to pyroptosis, an inflammatory cell death process. Macrophages are essential for maintaining microenvironment homeostasis, which is crucial for periodontal health. This study explores the mechanisms underlying the relationship between macrophage pyroptosis and periodontitis. METHODS Expression of the pyroptosis marker gasdermin E (GSDME) and the macrophage surface marker CD68 was examined by immunofluorescence double staining in healthy and periodontitis gingival tissues. In an in vitro pyroptosis model, RAW264.7 cells were irritated using Porphyromonas gingivalis-lipopolysaccharide (P. gingivalis-LPS) after treatment with either a nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB) agonist or inhibitor. The mRNA and protein levels of NF-κB, caspase-3, GSDME, and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) were evaluated through qRT-PCR, western blotting, and ELISA techniques. RESULTS GSDME and CD68 were heavily elevated in inflamed gingival tissues compared to healthy tissues and co-localized in the same region. Furthermore, exposure to P. gingivalis-LPS resulted in a significant upregulation of NF-κB, caspase-3, GSDME, and IL-1β at both the mRNA and protein levels in RAW264.7 cells. NF-κB agonist or inhibitor pretreatment enhanced or inhibited these effects. CONCLUSIONS GSDME-mediated macrophage pyroptosis is implicated in periodontitis. Based on in vitro experiments, P. gingivalis-LPS causes pyroptosis in RAW264.7 cells through the caspase-3/GSDME pathway. Furthermore, NF-κB regulates this pyroptotic pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiangru Gao
- Department of Periodontology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
- School of Stomatology, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Shuhan Li
- Department of Periodontology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
- School of Stomatology, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Wenxuan Wang
- Department of Stomatology, Qingdao West Coast New Area Central Hospital, Qingdao, China
| | - Xiangyan Zhang
- Department of Pathology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Xinbo Yu
- Department of Periodontology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Chun Fan
- Department of Periodontology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Periodontology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Caixiu Yang
- Department of Periodontology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
- School of Stomatology, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of Periodontology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Qiuxia Ji
- Department of Periodontology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
- School of Stomatology, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Bhola R, Narwal A, Kamboj M, Devi A. Immunohistochemical Comparison of Ki-67 and MCM-3 in Odontogenic Cysts: An Observational Study. Appl Immunohistochem Mol Morphol 2024; 32:111-116. [PMID: 38062794 DOI: 10.1097/pai.0000000000001175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
Odontogenic cysts are a diverse group of pathologic entities with different proliferation potential, leading to variations in their biological behavior. One of the most cited proliferation markers used in diagnostic histopathology is Ki-67. Another group of proteins recently investigated is minichromosome maintenance (MCM-3) and its expression has been evaluated in several odontogenic lesions but the results were controversial. Thus, the present study endeavored to compare the expression of MCM-3 and Ki-67 in odontogenic cysts. Furthermore, a pioneer attempt was made to evaluate the sensitivity of these markers to inflammation. A total of 101 cases (37 dentigerous cysts, 37 odontogenic keratocysts, and 27 radicular cysts) were included. Immunohistochemical expression of Ki-67 and MCM-3 were investigated using a labeling index (LI). In addition, they were scored for inflammation, followed by correlation with both markers. The data obtained were subjected to statistical analysis ( P <0.05). Overall, a higher LI of MCM-3 than Ki-67 was obtained in all study groups along with a positive correlation of Ki-67 LI with inflammation. Thus, MCM-3 proteins proved to be a more accurate means to determine the proliferation potential and were not sensitive to external stimuli like inflammation than conventional markers, such as Ki-67.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ridhi Bhola
- Department of Oral Pathology, Post Graduate Institute of Dental Sciences, Pt. B.D. Sharma University of Health Sciences, Rohtak, Haryana, India
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
Anestino TA, Queiroz-Junior CM, Cruz AMF, Souza DG, Madeira MFM. The impact of arthritogenic viruses in oral tissues. J Appl Microbiol 2024; 135:lxae029. [PMID: 38323434 DOI: 10.1093/jambio/lxae029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
Arthritis and periodontitis are inflammatory diseases that share several immunopathogenic features. The expansion in the study of virus-induced arthritis has shed light on how this condition could impact other parts of the human body, including the mouth. Viral arthritis is an inflammatory joint disease caused by several viruses, most notably the alphaviruses Chikungunya virus (CHIKV), Sindbis virus (SINV), Ross River virus (RRV), Mayaro virus (MAYV), and O'nyong'nyong virus (ONNV). These viruses can induce an upsurge of matrix metalloproteinases and immune-inflammatory mediators such as Interleukin-6 (IL6), IL-1β, tumor necrosis factor, chemokine ligand 2, and receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand in the joint and serum of infected individuals. This can lead to the influx of inflammatory cells to the joints and associated muscles as well as osteoclast activation and differentiation, culminating in clinical signs of swelling, pain, and bone resorption. Moreover, several data indicate that these viral infections can affect other sites of the body, including the mouth. The human oral cavity is a rich and diverse microbial ecosystem, and viral infection can disrupt the balance of microbial species, causing local dysbiosis. Such events can result in oral mucosal damage and gingival bleeding, which are indicative of periodontitis. Additionally, infection by RRV, CHIKV, SINV, MAYV, or ONNV can trigger the formation of osteoclasts and upregulate pro-osteoclastogenic inflammatory mediators, interfering with osteoclast activation. As a result, these viruses may be linked to systemic conditions, including oral manifestations. Therefore, this review focuses on the involvement of alphavirus infections in joint and oral health, acting as potential agents associated with oral mucosal inflammation and alveolar bone loss. The findings of this review demonstrate how alphavirus infections could be linked to the comorbidity between arthritis and periodontitis and may provide a better understanding of potential therapeutic management for both conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thales Augusto Anestino
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, CEP: 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Celso Martins Queiroz-Junior
- Department of Morphology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, CEP: 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Amanda Medeiros Frota Cruz
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, CEP: 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Daniele G Souza
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, CEP: 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Mila Fernandes Moreira Madeira
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, CEP: 31270-901, Brazil
- Department of Oral Biology, Biomedical Research Institute, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, 14203, United States
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Zhao M, Liu A, Mo L, Wan G, Lu F, Chen L, Fu S, Chen H, Fu T, Deng H. Higher expression of PLEK and LY86 as the potential biomarker of carotid atherosclerosis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2023; 102:e34445. [PMID: 37861500 PMCID: PMC10589592 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000034445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Carotid atherosclerosis (AS) occurs in atherosclerotic lesions of the carotid artery, which can lead to transient ischemic attack and stroke in severe cases. However, the relationship between pleckstrin (PLEK) and lymphocyte antigen 86 (LY86) and carotid AS remains unclear. The carotid AS datasets GSE43292 and GSE125771 were downloaded from the gene expression omnibus database. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were screened and weighted gene co-expression network analysis was performed. Construction and analysis of protein-protein interaction network. Functional enrichment analysis, gene set enrichment analysis and comparative toxicogenomics database analysis were performed. TargetScan screened miRNAs that regulated central DEGs. A total of 305 DEGs were identified. According to gene ontology analysis, they were mainly enriched in immune system processes, extracellular regions and cytokine binding. Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes analysis showed that the target cells were mainly enriched in Rap1 signal pathway, B cell receptor signal pathway and PPAR signal pathway. In the enrichment project of metascape, the reaction to bacteria, cell activation and chemotaxis can be seen in the enrichment project of gene ontology. Total 10 core genes (TYROBP, FCER1G, PLEK, LY86, IL10RA, ITGB2, LCP2, FCGR2B, CD86, CCR1) were obtained by protein-protein interaction network construction and analysis. Core genes (PLEK, LY86, IL10RA, ITGB2, and LCP2) were highly expressed in carotid AS samples and lowly expressed in normal samples. Comparative toxicogenomics database analysis showed that 5 genes were associated with pneumonia, inflammation, necrosis, and drug allergy. PLEK and LY86 genes are highly expressed in carotid AS. The higher the expression of PLEK and LY86, the worse the prognosis is.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Man Zhao
- Neurological Rehabilitation Center, Beijing Rehabilitation Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Xixiazhuang, Badachu, Shijingshan District, Beijing, China
| | - Aixian Liu
- Neurological Rehabilitation Center, Beijing Rehabilitation Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Xixiazhuang, Badachu, Shijingshan District, Beijing, China
| | - Linhong Mo
- Neurological Rehabilitation Center, Beijing Rehabilitation Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Xixiazhuang, Badachu, Shijingshan District, Beijing, China
| | - Guiling Wan
- Neurological Rehabilitation Center, Beijing Rehabilitation Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Xixiazhuang, Badachu, Shijingshan District, Beijing, China
| | - Fang Lu
- Neurological Rehabilitation Center, Beijing Rehabilitation Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Xixiazhuang, Badachu, Shijingshan District, Beijing, China
| | - Lei Chen
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Fuxing Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Xicheng District, Beijing, China
| | - Siwei Fu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Jilin Provincial People's Hospital, Chaoyang District, Changchun City, Jilin Province, China
| | - Hongrun Chen
- Department of Urology, China Aerospace Science & Industry Corporation 731 Hospital, Feng Tai District, Beijing, China
| | - Taozhu Fu
- Department of Urology, China Aerospace Science & Industry Corporation 731 Hospital, Feng Tai District, Beijing, China
| | - Hongru Deng
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Fuxing Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Xicheng District, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Kim K, Su Y, Kucine AJ, Cheng K, Zhu D. Guided Bone Regeneration Using Barrier Membrane in Dental Applications. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2023; 9:5457-5478. [PMID: 37650638 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.3c00690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
Guided bone regeneration (GBR) is a widely used technique in preclinical and clinical studies due to its predictability. Its main purpose is to prevent the migration of soft tissue into the osseous wound space, while allowing osseous cells to migrate to the site. GBR is classified into two main categories: resorbable and non-resorbable membranes. Resorbable membranes do not require a second surgery but tend to have a short resorption period. Conversely, non-resorbable membranes maintain their mechanical strength and prevent collapse. However, they require removal and are susceptible to membrane exposure. GBR is often used with bone substitute graft materials to fill the defect space and protect the bone graft. The membrane can also undergo various modifications, such as surface modification and biological factor loading, to improve barrier functions and bone regeneration. In addition, bone regeneration is largely related to osteoimmunology, a new field that focuses on the interactions between bone and the immune system. Understanding these interactions can help in developing new treatments for bone diseases and injuries. Overall, GBR has the potential to be a powerful tool in promoting bone regeneration. Further research in this area could lead to advancements in the field of bone healing. This review will highlight resorbable and non-resorbable membranes with cellular responses during bone regeneration, provide insights into immunological response during bone remodeling, and discuss antibacterial features.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kakyung Kim
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, United States
| | - Yingchao Su
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, United States
| | - Allan J Kucine
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, United States
| | - Ke Cheng
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York City, New York 10027, United States
| | - Donghui Zhu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, United States
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Gualtero DF, Lafaurie GI, Buitrago DM, Castillo Y, Vargas-Sanchez PK, Castillo DM. Oral microbiome mediated inflammation, a potential inductor of vascular diseases: a comprehensive review. Front Cardiovasc Med 2023; 10:1250263. [PMID: 37711554 PMCID: PMC10498784 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2023.1250263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023] Open
Abstract
The dysbiosis of the oral microbiome and vascular translocation of the periodontopathic microorganism to peripheral blood can cause local and systemic extra-oral inflammation. Microorganisms associated with the subgingival biofilm are readily translocated to the peripheral circulation, generating bacteremia and endotoxemia, increasing the inflammation in the vascular endothelium and resulting in endothelial dysfunction. This review aimed to demonstrate how the dysbiosis of the oral microbiome and the translocation of oral pathogen-induced inflammation to peripheral blood may be linked to cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). The dysbiosis of the oral microbiome can regulate blood pressure and activate endothelial dysfunction. Similarly, the passage of periodontal microorganisms into the peripheral circulation and their virulence factors have been associated with a vascular compartment with a great capacity to activate endothelial cells, monocytes, macrophages, and plaquettes and increase interleukin and chemokine secretion, as well as oxidative stress. This inflammatory process is related to atherosclerosis, hypertension, thrombosis, and stroke. Therefore, oral diseases could be involved in CVDs via inflammation. The preclinic and clinical evidence suggests that periodontal disease increases the proinflammatory markers associated with endothelial dysfunction. Likewise, the evidence from clinical studies of periodontal treatment in the long term evidenced the reduction of these markers and improved overall health in patients with CVDs.
Collapse
|
12
|
A S S, Biju TS, Francis AP, R G, Veeraraghavan VP, Sankaran K. Fabrication of Biogenic Titanium Nanoparticles and Investigating Their Biological Properties for Dental Applications. Cureus 2023; 15:e44209. [PMID: 37767269 PMCID: PMC10521939 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.44209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/27/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Oral inflammation, often triggered by infections, injuries, or immune responses, can compromise treatment outcomes, delay healing, and contribute to patient discomfort. The development of green nanoparticle synthesis methods is receiving attention due to their potential advantages over existing approaches. These procedures use commonly available, affordable, and environmentally friendly natural plant extracts. Due to their numerous uses in various industries, titanium oxide nanoparticles (TiO2NPs) have attracted the most attention among the nanoparticles. In this study, we present the green synthesis of Myristica fragrans (mace) extract as a reductant and stabilizer for the production of curcumin-functionalized TiO2NPs (CTN). We additionally evaluated the effectiveness of these nanoparticles as anti-inflammatory agents. OBJECTIVE In this study, we aim to develop biogenic TiO2NPs using Myristica fragrans as a natural capping agent and functionalized with curcumin for effectively managing oral inflammation in dental applications. METHODS The nanoparticles were synthesized using the green synthesis method and characterized using various characterization techniques. Biocompatibility was evaluated using hemolytic assays, and the bioactivity of the nanoparticles was assessed using anti-inflammatory assays. RESULTS Curcumin-coated M-TiO2NPs (MCTN) were successfully synthesized and characterized by various techniques, confirming their morphology, crystallinity, functionalization, elemental composition, size, and stability. In vitro bioactivity studies revealed that MCTN exhibited significant anti-inflammatory activity, as evidenced by the inhibition of protein denaturation with minimal hemolytic potential. These findings highlight the potential of MCTN as a promising candidate for anti-inflammatory applications. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that MCTN exhibits promising anti-inflammatory and anti-hemolytic properties. However, further in-depth in vivo analysis is required to fully understand their efficacy and toxicity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shubhasri A S
- Centre of Molecular Medicine and Diagnostics (COMMAND) Department of Biochemistry, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai, IND
| | - Tina Sara Biju
- Centre of Molecular Medicine and Diagnostics (COMMAND) Department of Biochemistry, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai, IND
| | - Arul Prakash Francis
- Centre of Molecular Medicine and Diagnostics (COMMAND) Department of Biochemistry, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai, IND
| | - Gayathri R
- Centre of Molecular Medicine and Diagnostics (COMMAND) Department of Biochemistry, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai, IND
| | - Vishnu Priya Veeraraghavan
- Centre of Molecular Medicine and Diagnostics (COMMAND) Department of Biochemistry, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai, IND
| | - Kavitha Sankaran
- Centre of Molecular Medicine and Diagnostics (COMMAND) Department of Biochemistry, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai, IND
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Pejcic A, Andjelkovic Z, Marjanovic D, Minic I, Matvijenko V, Arsic Z, Jovanovic R, Subaric L. Comparative analysis of antigen-presenting cells in gingival tissues in healthy and periodontitis patients. J Clin Pathol 2023:jclinpath-2021-207975. [PMID: 37433669 DOI: 10.1136/jcp-2021-207975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 07/01/2023] [Indexed: 07/13/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Microbial flora of dental plaque trigger innate and adaptive immune responses. The function of antigen-presenting cells (APCs) is to bridge the innate and adaptive immune systems. The human immune system contains three main types of APCs: dendritic cells (DC) (Langerhans cells (LCs) and interstitial DCs, IDCs), macrophages and B lymphocytes. In this study, the distribution and density of all APCs in healthy and inflamed human gingival tissue were comparatively analysed. METHODS Research was conducted on gingival biopsy specimens obtained from 55 patients and classified in three groups: healthy gingiva (control group, n=10), moderate periodontal disease (PD) (n=21) and severe PD (n=24). For APCs' identification antibodies raised against CD1a (for LCs), S100 protein (for iDCs), CD68 (for macrophages) and CD20 (for B lymphocytes) were used. RESULTS Increased density of IDCs, macrophages and B lymphocytes in lamina propria and reduced density of LCs in the gingival epithelium were found in patients with periodontitis. Simultaneously, it was noticed an increased concentration of macrophages and B cells in the gingival epithelium in patients with PD. No statistically significant difference in the distribution and density of APC was found among patients with moderate and advanced periodontitis. CONCLUSIONS It was hypothesised that in the periodontitis the role of antigen presentation was largely taken from LCs by the DCs, macrophages and B cells. These APCs are thought to have less protective and tolerogenic potential than LCs and this is a significant reason for alveolar bone destruction in periodontitis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ana Pejcic
- Periodontology and Oral Medicine, University of Niš, Medical Faculty, Nis, Serbia
| | - Zlatibor Andjelkovic
- Institute of Histology and Embriology, University of Pristina, Medical Faculty, Kosovska Mitrovica, Serbia
| | - Dragan Marjanovic
- Periodontology and Oral Medicine, University of Pristina, Dental Clinic, Kosovska Mitrovica, Serbia
| | - Ivan Minic
- Periodontology and Oral Medicine, University of Niš, Medical Faculty, Nis, Serbia
| | - Vladimir Matvijenko
- Restorative Dentistry, University of Pristina, Dental Clinic, Kosovska Mitrovica, Serbia
| | - Zoran Arsic
- Restorative Dentistry, University of Pristina, Dental Clinic, Kosovska Mitrovica, Serbia
| | - Radovan Jovanovic
- Dental Clinic, University of Pristina, Medical Faculty, Kosovska Mitrovica, Serbia
| | - Ljiljana Subaric
- Dental Clinic, University of Pristina, Medical Faculty, Kosovska Mitrovica, Serbia
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Jang H, Choudhury S, Yu Y, Sievers BL, Gelbart T, Singh H, Rawlings SA, Proal A, Tan GS, Qian Y, Smith D, Freire M. Persistent immune and clotting dysfunction detected in saliva and blood plasma after COVID-19. Heliyon 2023; 9:e17958. [PMID: 37483779 PMCID: PMC10362241 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e17958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023] Open
Abstract
A growing number of studies indicate that coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is associated with inflammatory sequelae, but molecular signatures governing the normal versus pathologic convalescence process have not been well-delineated. Here, we characterized global immune and proteome responses in matched plasma and saliva samples obtained from COVID-19 patients collected between 20 and 90 days after initial clinical symptoms resolved. Convalescent subjects showed robust total IgA and IgG responses and positive antibody correlations in saliva and plasma samples. Shotgun proteomics revealed persistent inflammatory patterns in convalescent samples including dysfunction of salivary innate immune cells, such as neutrophil markers (e.g., myeloperoxidase), and clotting factors in plasma (e.g., fibrinogen), with positive correlations to acute COVID-19 disease severity. Saliva samples were characterized by higher concentrations of IgA, and proteomics showed altered myeloid-derived pathways that correlated positively with SARS-CoV-2 IgA levels. Beyond plasma, our study positions saliva as a viable fluid to monitor normal and aberrant immune responses including vascular, inflammatory, and coagulation-related sequelae.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hyesun Jang
- Genomic Medicine and Infectious Diseases, J. Craig Venter Institute, La Jolla, CA, and Rockville, MD, USA
| | | | - Yanbao Yu
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA, 19716
| | - Benjamin L Sievers
- Genomic Medicine and Infectious Diseases, J. Craig Venter Institute, La Jolla, CA, and Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Terri Gelbart
- Genomic Medicine and Infectious Diseases, J. Craig Venter Institute, La Jolla, CA, and Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Harinder Singh
- Genomic Medicine and Infectious Diseases, J. Craig Venter Institute, La Jolla, CA, and Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Stephen A Rawlings
- MMP Adult Infectious Disease, Maine Medical Center, South Portland, ME, 04106, USA
| | - Amy Proal
- PolyBio Research Foundation. Mercer Island, WA, USA
| | - Gene S Tan
- Genomic Medicine and Infectious Diseases, J. Craig Venter Institute, La Jolla, CA, and Rockville, MD, USA
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Global Public Health Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Yu Qian
- Informatics, J. Craig Venter Institute, La Jolla, CA, and Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Davey Smith
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Global Public Health Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Marcelo Freire
- Genomic Medicine and Infectious Diseases, J. Craig Venter Institute, La Jolla, CA, and Rockville, MD, USA
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Global Public Health Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Huang H, Wang J, Hussain SA, Gangireddygari VSR, Fan Y. Gossypin exert lipopolysaccharide induced lung inflammation via alteration of Nrf2/HO-1 and NF-κB signaling pathway. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2023. [PMID: 37148149 DOI: 10.1002/tox.23806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Revised: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Acute Lung Injury (ALI) is a critical medical condition that induces the injury into the lung tissue, resulting in decreased the oxygen levels in the circulation and finally causes the respiratory failure. In this study, we try to made effort for scrutinized the preventive effect of gossypin against lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induced lung inflammation and explore the underlying mechanism. LPS (7.5 mg/kg) was used for induction the lung inflammation in the rats and rats were received the oral administration of gossypin (5, 10 and 15 mg/kg). The wet to dry weight lung ratio and lung index were estimated. The bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) were collected to determination the inflammatory cells, total protein, macrophages and neutrophils. ELISA kits were used for the estimation of antioxidant, inflammatory cytokines, inflammatory parameters, nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) parameters. Finally, we used the lung tissue for scrutinize the alteration in the lung histopathology. Gossypin treatment significantly (p < .001) reduced the W/D ratio of lung tissue and lung index. Gossypin significantly (p < .001) decreased the total cells, neutrophils, macrophages and total protein in BALF. It is also altered the level of inflammatory cytokines, antioxidant and inflammatory parameters, respectively. Gossypin improved the level of Nrf2 and HO-1 at dose dependent manner. Gossypin treatment remarkably enhance the ALI severity via balancing the structural integrity of lung tissue, decrease the thickness of the alveolar wall, decline the pulmonary interstitial edema, and number of inflammatory cells in the lung tissue. Gossypin is a promising agent for the treatment of LPS induced lung inflammation via altering Nrf2/HO-1 and NF-κB.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hao Huang
- Department of Cardiothoracic, First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jian Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Air Force Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Shaik Althaf Hussain
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Venkata Subba Reddy Gangireddygari
- Plant Virus Research, Horticultural and Herbal Crop Environment Division, National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science, Rural Development Administration, Wanju, Republic of Korea
| | - Yingying Fan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an, China
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Zhang Y, Long Y, Wan J, Liu S, Shi A, Li D, Yu S, Li X, Wen J, Deng J, Ma Y, Li N. Macrophage membrane biomimetic drug delivery system: for inflammation targeted therapy. J Drug Target 2023; 31:229-242. [PMID: 35587560 DOI: 10.1080/1061186x.2022.2071426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, there have been many exciting developments in the biomedical applications of the macrophage membrane bionic drug delivery system (MM-Bio-DDS). Macrophages, as an important immune cell, are involved in initiating and regulating the specific immune response of the body. Therefore, the inflammatory process related to macrophages is an important goal in the diagnosis and treatment of many diseases. In this review, we first summarise the different methods of preparation, characterisation, release profiles and natural advantages of using macrophages as a drug delivery system (DDS). Second, we introduce the processes of various chronic inflammatory diseases and the role of macrophages in them, specifically clarifying how the MM-Bio-DDS provides a wide and effective treatment for the targeted inflammatory site. Finally, based on the existing research, we propose the application prospect and existing challenges of the MM-Bio-DDS, especially the problems in clinical transformation, to provide new ideas for the development and utilisation of the MM-Bio-DDS in targeted drug delivery for inflammation and the treatment of diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yulu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yu Long
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Jinyan Wan
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Songyu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Ai Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Dan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Shuang Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaoqiu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Jing Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Jie Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yin Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Nan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Fan Y, Lyu P, Bi R, Cui C, Xu R, Rosen CJ, Yuan Q, Zhou C. Creating an atlas of the bone microenvironment during oral inflammatory-related bone disease using single-cell profiling. eLife 2023; 12:82537. [PMID: 36722472 PMCID: PMC9925051 DOI: 10.7554/elife.82537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Oral inflammatory diseases such as apical periodontitis are common bacterial infectious diseases that may affect the periapical alveolar bone tissues. A protective process occurs simultaneously with the inflammatory tissue destruction, in which mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) play a primary role. However, a systematic and precise description of the cellular and molecular composition of the microenvironment of bone affected by inflammation is lacking. In this study, we created a single-cell atlas of cell populations that compose alveolar bone in healthy and inflammatory disease states. We investigated changes in expression frequency and patterns related to apical periodontitis, as well as the interactions between MSCs and immunocytes. Our results highlight an enhanced self-supporting network and osteogenic potential within MSCs during apical periodontitis-associated inflammation. MSCs not only differentiated toward osteoblast lineage cells but also expressed higher levels of osteogenic-related markers, including Sparc and Col1a1. This was confirmed by lineage tracing in transgenic mouse models and human samples from oral inflammatory-related alveolar bone lesions. In summary, the current study provides an in-depth description of the microenvironment of MSCs and immunocytes in both healthy and disease states. We also identified key apical periodontitis-associated MSC subclusters and their biomarkers, which could further our understanding of the protective process and the underlying mechanisms of oral inflammatory-related bone disease. Taken together, these results enhance our understanding of heterogeneity and cellular interactions of alveolar bone cells under pathogenic and inflammatory conditions. We provide these data as a tool for investigators not only to better appreciate the repertoire of progenitors that are stress responsive but importantly to help design new therapeutic targets to restore bone lesions caused by apical periodontitis and other inflammatory-related bone diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yi Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Ping Lyu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Ruiye Bi
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthognathic and TMJ Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Chen Cui
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of StomatologyGuangzhouChina
| | - Ruoshi Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | | | - Quan Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Oral Implantology, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Chenchen Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan UniversityChengduChina
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Książek M, Goulas T, Mizgalska D, Rodríguez-Banqueri A, Eckhard U, Veillard F, Waligórska I, Benedyk-Machaczka M, Sochaj-Gregorczyk AM, Madej M, Thøgersen IB, Enghild JJ, Cuppari A, Arolas JL, de Diego I, López-Pelegrín M, Garcia-Ferrer I, Guevara T, Dive V, Zani ML, Moreau T, Potempa J, Gomis-Rüth FX. A unique network of attack, defence and competence on the outer membrane of the periodontitis pathogen Tannerella forsythia. Chem Sci 2023; 14:869-888. [PMID: 36755705 PMCID: PMC9890683 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc04166a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Periodontopathogenic Tannerella forsythia uniquely secretes six peptidases of disparate catalytic classes and families that operate as virulence factors during infection of the gums, the KLIKK-peptidases. Their coding genes are immediately downstream of novel ORFs encoding the 98-132 residue potempins (Pot) A, B1, B2, C, D and E. These are outer-membrane-anchored lipoproteins that specifically and potently inhibit the respective downstream peptidase through stable complexes that protect the outer membrane of T. forsythia, as shown in vivo. Remarkably, PotA also contributes to bacterial fitness in vivo and specifically inhibits matrix metallopeptidase (MMP) 12, a major defence component of oral macrophages, thus featuring a novel and highly-specific physiological MMP inhibitor. Information from 11 structures and high-confidence homology models showed that the potempins are distinct β-barrels with either a five-stranded OB-fold (PotA, PotC and PotD) or an eight-stranded up-and-down fold (PotE, PotB1 and PotB2), which are novel for peptidase inhibitors. Particular loops insert like wedges into the active-site cleft of the genetically-linked peptidases to specifically block them either via a new "bilobal" or the classic "standard" mechanism of inhibition. These results discover a unique, tightly-regulated proteolytic armamentarium for virulence and competence, the KLIKK-peptidase/potempin system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mirosław Książek
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University Gronostajowa 7 Kraków 30-387 Poland .,Department of Oral Immunology and Infectious Diseases, University of Louisville School of Dentistry Louisville 40202 KY USA
| | - Theodoros Goulas
- Proteolysis Laboratory, Department of Structural Biology, Molecular Biology Institute of Barcelona (CSIC), Barcelona Science Park c/Baldiri Reixac, 15-21 Barcelona 08028 Catalonia Spain .,Department of Food Science and Nutrition, School of Agricultural Sciences, University of Thessaly Temponera str. Karditsa 43100 Greece
| | - Danuta Mizgalska
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University Gronostajowa 7 Kraków 30-387 Poland
| | - Arturo Rodríguez-Banqueri
- Proteolysis Laboratory, Department of Structural Biology, Molecular Biology Institute of Barcelona (CSIC), Barcelona Science Park c/Baldiri Reixac, 15-21 Barcelona 08028 Catalonia Spain
| | - Ulrich Eckhard
- Proteolysis Laboratory, Department of Structural Biology, Molecular Biology Institute of Barcelona (CSIC), Barcelona Science Park c/Baldiri Reixac, 15-21 Barcelona 08028 Catalonia Spain
| | - Florian Veillard
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University Gronostajowa 7 Kraków 30-387 Poland
| | - Irena Waligórska
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University Gronostajowa 7 Kraków 30-387 Poland
| | - Małgorzata Benedyk-Machaczka
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University Gronostajowa 7 Kraków 30-387 Poland
| | - Alicja M. Sochaj-Gregorczyk
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian UniversityGronostajowa 7Kraków 30-387Poland
| | - Mariusz Madej
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University Gronostajowa 7 Kraków 30-387 Poland
| | - Ida B. Thøgersen
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus UniversityUniversitetsbyen 81Aarhus C 8000Denmark
| | - Jan J. Enghild
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus UniversityUniversitetsbyen 81Aarhus C 8000Denmark
| | - Anna Cuppari
- Proteolysis Laboratory, Department of Structural Biology, Molecular Biology Institute of Barcelona (CSIC), Barcelona Science Park c/Baldiri Reixac, 15-21 Barcelona 08028 Catalonia Spain
| | - Joan L. Arolas
- Proteolysis Laboratory, Department of Structural Biology, Molecular Biology Institute of Barcelona (CSIC), Barcelona Science Parkc/Baldiri Reixac, 15-21Barcelona 08028CataloniaSpain
| | - Iñaki de Diego
- Proteolysis Laboratory, Department of Structural Biology, Molecular Biology Institute of Barcelona (CSIC), Barcelona Science Park c/Baldiri Reixac, 15-21 Barcelona 08028 Catalonia Spain .,Sample Environment and Characterization Group, European XFEL GmbH Holzkoppel 4 Schenefeld 22869 Germany
| | - Mar López-Pelegrín
- Proteolysis Laboratory, Department of Structural Biology, Molecular Biology Institute of Barcelona (CSIC), Barcelona Science Park c/Baldiri Reixac, 15-21 Barcelona 08028 Catalonia Spain
| | - Irene Garcia-Ferrer
- Proteolysis Laboratory, Department of Structural Biology, Molecular Biology Institute of Barcelona (CSIC), Barcelona Science Park c/Baldiri Reixac, 15-21 Barcelona 08028 Catalonia Spain
| | - Tibisay Guevara
- Proteolysis Laboratory, Department of Structural Biology, Molecular Biology Institute of Barcelona (CSIC), Barcelona Science Park c/Baldiri Reixac, 15-21 Barcelona 08028 Catalonia Spain
| | - Vincent Dive
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, INRAE, Département Médicaments et Technologies pour la Santé (DMTS), ERL CNRS 9004Gif-sur-Yvette 91191France
| | - Marie-Louise Zani
- Departement de Biochimie, Université de Tours10 Bd. TonelléTours Cedex 37032France
| | | | - Jan Potempa
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University Gronostajowa 7 Kraków 30-387 Poland .,Department of Oral Immunology and Infectious Diseases, University of Louisville School of Dentistry Louisville 40202 KY USA
| | - F. Xavier Gomis-Rüth
- Proteolysis Laboratory, Department of Structural Biology, Molecular Biology Institute of Barcelona (CSIC), Barcelona Science Parkc/Baldiri Reixac, 15-21Barcelona 08028CataloniaSpain
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Yilmaz N, Polat R, Gürsoy M, Kaman W, Gül Aydin E, Fteita D, Yilmaz D, Bikker F, Gürsoy UK. Salivary macrophage activation-related chemokines and mitogen-activated kinase kinase (MAPKK)-degrading proteolytic activity in type 1 diabetes mellitus. J Periodontol 2023. [PMID: 36601897 DOI: 10.1002/jper.22-0314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Revised: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This cross-sectional study aimed to evaluate salivary concentrations of macrophage activation-related chemokines and mitogen-activated kinase kinase (MAPKK)-degrading proteolytic activity in children and adolescents with and without type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). METHODS A total of 122 children and adolescents (65 T1DM patients, 50.8% female, mean age:10.9 years; 57 systemically healthy controls, 36.8% female, mean age: 9.5 years) were included in the study. Salivary concentrations of interferon gamma inducible protein-10 (IP-10), monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP)-1, MCP-2, MCP-3, MCP-4, macrophage-derived chemokine (MDC), macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF), monokine induced by interferon gamma (MIG), and macrophage inflammatory protein-1 alpha (MIP-1α) were quantified using a bead-based technique. MAPKK-degrading proteolytic activity was detected using fluorescent peptide substrates. RESULTS The T1DM group had higher plaque index (PI%, p = 0.032) and bleeding on probing (BOP%, p = 0.045) scores, and lower decayed, missing, filled teeth (dmft/DMFT, p = 0.002) index scores compared to the healthy controls. Compared to the controls, salivary MCP-1 (p = 0.007), MCP-3 (p < 0.001), MIG (p = 0.007), and MIP-1α (p = 0.033) concentrations were elevated whereas MCP-4 concentrations decreased (p < 0.001) in the T1DM group. After adjusting for age, PI%, BOP%, and dmft/DMFT scores, significant differences in salivary concentrations of MIG (p = 0.033) and MIP-1α (p = 0.017) were observed between the groups. Moreover, protease activities directed to the cleavage sites of MEK23-18 (p = 0.001), MKK6b7-22 (p = 0.007), MKK451-66 (p = 0.005), MKK7b37-52 (p = 0.034), and MKK7b69-84 (p = 0.009) were elevated in the T1DM group. CONCLUSION T1DM disrupts the salivary macrophage activation-related chemokine profile and dysregulates proteolytic MAPKK cleavage. These findings can be an outcome of the impaired systemic immune response in T1DM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Neslihan Yilmaz
- Department of Periodontology, Institute of Dentistry, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.,Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Sakarya University, Sakarya, Turkey
| | - Recep Polat
- Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Faculty of Medicine, Sakarya University, Sakarya, Turkey
| | - Mervi Gürsoy
- Department of Periodontology, Institute of Dentistry, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.,Oral Health Care, Welfare Division, Turku, Finland
| | - Wendy Kaman
- Department of Oral Biochemistry, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam, University of Amsterdam and VU University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Elif Gül Aydin
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Sakarya University, Sakarya, Turkey
| | - Dareen Fteita
- Department of Periodontology, Institute of Dentistry, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Dogukan Yilmaz
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Sakarya University, Sakarya, Turkey
| | - Floris Bikker
- Department of Oral Biochemistry, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam, University of Amsterdam and VU University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Ulvi Kahraman Gürsoy
- Department of Periodontology, Institute of Dentistry, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Functional biomaterials for comprehensive periodontitis therapy. Acta Pharm Sin B 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2022.10.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
|
21
|
Peng Y, Hong H, Gao N, Wan A, Ma Y. Bioinformatics methods in biomarkers of preeclampsia and associated potential drug applications. BMC Genomics 2022; 23:711. [PMID: 36258174 PMCID: PMC9580137 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-022-08937-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Preeclampsia is a pregnancy-related condition that causes high blood pressure and proteinuria after 20 weeks of pregnancy. It is linked to increased maternal mortality, organ malfunction, and foetal development limitation. In this view, there is a need critical to identify biomarkers for the early detection of preeclampsia. The objective of this study is to discover critical genes and explore medications for preeclampsia treatment that may influence these genes. Methods Four datasets, including GSE10588, GSE25906, GSE48424 and GSE60438 were retrieved from the Gene Expression Omnibus database. The GSE10588, GSE25906, and GSE48424 datasets were then removed the batch effect using the “sva” R package and merged into a complete dataset. The differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified using the “limma” R package. The potential small-molecule agents for the treatment of PE was further screened using the Connective Map (CMAP) drug database based on the DEGs. Further, Weight gene Co-expression network (WGNCA) analysis was performed to identified gene module associated with preeclampsia, hub genes were then identified using the logistic regression analysis. Finally, the immune cell infiltration level of genes was evaluated through the single sample gene set enrichment analysis (ssGSEA). Results A total of 681 DEGs (376 down-regulated and 305 up-regulated genes) were identified between normal and preeclampsia samples. Then, Dexamethasone, Prednisone, Rimexolone, Piretanide, Trazodone, Buflomedil, Scoulerin, Irinotecan, and Camptothecin drugs were screened based on these DEGs through the CMAP database. Two modules including yellow and brown modules were the most associated with disease through the WGCNA analysis. KEGG analysis revealed that the chemokine signaling pathway, Th1 and Th2 cell differentiation, B cell receptor signalling pathway and oxytocin signalling pathway were significantly enriched in these modules. Moreover, two key genes, PLEK and LEP were evaluated using the univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis from the hub modules. These two genes were further validated in the external validation cohort GSE60438 and qRT-PCR experiment. Finally, we evaluated the relationship between immune cell and two genes. Conclusion In conclusion, the present study investigated key genes associated with PE pathogenesis that may contribute to identifying potential biomarkers, therapeutic agents and developing personalized treatment for PE. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12864-022-08937-3.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ying Peng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine,University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Hui Hong
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine,University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Na Gao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan Shandong, 250012, China
| | - An Wan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine,University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Yuyan Ma
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan Shandong, 250012, China.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Porphyromonas gingivalis outer membrane vesicles modulate cytokine and chemokine production by gingipain-dependent mechanisms in human macrophages. Arch Oral Biol 2022; 140:105453. [DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2022.105453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2021] [Revised: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 05/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
|
23
|
Li Y, Yin S, Chen X, Shi F, Wang J, Yang H. The inhibitory effect of paeoniflorin on reactive oxygen species alleviates the activation of NF-κB and MAPK signalling pathways in macrophages. MICROBIOLOGY (READING, ENGLAND) 2022; 168. [PMID: 35920812 DOI: 10.1099/mic.0.001210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Paeoniflorin (PF) has been proven to possess a protective effect in some inflammatory diseases, but the underlying mechanism remains unclear. Macrophages play central roles in inflammatory responses and LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 macrophage is an ideal model for studying the anti-inflammatory effects and mechanisms of drugs. Thus, it was used to explore the anti-inflammatory mechanism of PF in this study. The results showed that PF markedly attenuated the activation of NF-κB, extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK1/2) and p38 mitogen activated protein kinase (p38) signalling pathways induced by LPS exposure. In addition, PF pretreatment dose-dependently suppressed the production of cytokines and the expressions of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS). Concomitantly, PF pretreatment dramatically inhibited the accumulation of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) without affecting the phagocytosis of macrophages. Furthermore, it has proved the scavenging effect of PF on ROS was involved in the anti-inflammatory process. This study provides a novel aspect to the understanding of the anti-inflammatory mechanism of PF.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yanyan Li
- Jiangsu Agri-animal Husbandry Vocational College, Taizhou 225300, PR China
| | - Shaojie Yin
- Jiangsu Agri-animal Husbandry Vocational College, Taizhou 225300, PR China.,School of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, PR China
| | - Xiaolan Chen
- Jiangsu Agri-animal Husbandry Vocational College, Taizhou 225300, PR China
| | - Feifei Shi
- Jiangsu Agri-animal Husbandry Vocational College, Taizhou 225300, PR China
| | - Jing Wang
- Jiangsu Agri-animal Husbandry Vocational College, Taizhou 225300, PR China
| | - Haifeng Yang
- Jiangsu Agri-animal Husbandry Vocational College, Taizhou 225300, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Azatyan V, Yessayan L, Sargsyan A, Khachatryan A, Ghevondyan T, Shmavonyan M, Melik-Andreasyan G, Porksheyan K, Manrikyan M. Morphological Changes in the Oral Mucous Membrane in Viral Hepatitis C Patients: A Cross-Sectional Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19159003. [PMID: 35897373 PMCID: PMC9330065 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19159003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2022] [Revised: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Background: The objective was to reveal the most typical changes in oral mucosa in HCV patients and compare them with those in HCV negative patients. Methods: The study involved 96 HCV patients and 100 patients without HCV who applied to a dental clinic. The content of cytokines IL-2, IL-4, IL-10 and ɤ-INF in the oral fluid was determined by ELISA. Buccal mucosa and gums biopsies passed histological examination. An immunohistochemical study of mucous membrane biopsies was performed using monoclonal mouse antibodies to CD3+ and CD20+. Results: The HCV patients group included 96 (63.5% males), and the non-HCV group included 100 subjects (62.0% males) with lesions of the oral mucous membrane. The lesions of lips and oral mucosa were more frequent in HCV than in the non-HCV group—e.g., erosion (13.5% vs. 1%), cracks in the mouth corners (42.7% vs. 0%), changes in the oral mucosa surface (89.6% vs. 3.0%), hemorrhages (78.1% vs. 0%), etc. The pro-inflammatory IL-2 level was higher and anti-inflammatory IL-4 level was lower in HCV patients compared with those in the non-HCV group. Conclusions: Morphological changes developed in the microvasculature both worsen the tissue trophism and accelerate the healing with differentiation into coarse-fibrous connective tissue. Immunohistochemical findings indicated a decrease in local humoral immune response.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vahe Azatyan
- Department of Therapeutic Stomatology, Yerevan State Medical University (YSMU), 2 Koryun Str., Yerevan 0025, Armenia;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +374-91-326773
| | - Lazar Yessayan
- Department of Therapeutic Stomatology, Yerevan State Medical University (YSMU), 2 Koryun Str., Yerevan 0025, Armenia;
| | - Aelita Sargsyan
- Tuberculosis Research and Prevention Center, 6/2 Adonts Str., 100 Apt., Yerevan 0014, Armenia;
| | - Anna Khachatryan
- Department of Pathological Anatomy, Yerevan State Medical University (YSMU), 2 Koryun Str., Yerevan 0025, Armenia;
| | - Tigran Ghevondyan
- Laboratory of Histochemistry and Electron Microscopy, After Orbeli Institute of Physiology of National Academy of Sciences of Republic Armenia (NAoS RA), 22 Brothers Orbeli Str., Yerevan 0028, Armenia;
| | - Melanya Shmavonyan
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Yerevan State Medical University (YSMU), 2 Koryun Str., Yerevan 0025, Armenia;
| | - Gayane Melik-Andreasyan
- National Center of Disease Control and Prevention, Ministry of Health (MoH), 12 Mkhitar Heratsi Str., Yerevan 0025, Armenia;
| | - Kristina Porksheyan
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Yerevan State Medical University (YSMU), 2 Koryun Str., Yerevan 0025, Armenia;
| | - Mikael Manrikyan
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, Yerevan State Medical University (YSMU), 2 Koryun Str., Yerevan 0025, Armenia;
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Jayusman PA, Nasruddin NS, Mahamad Apandi NI, Ibrahim N, Budin SB. Therapeutic Potential of Polyphenol and Nanoparticles Mediated Delivery in Periodontal Inflammation: A Review of Current Trends and Future Perspectives. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:847702. [PMID: 35903322 PMCID: PMC9315271 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.847702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Periodontitis is an oral inflammatory process involving the periodontium, which is mainly caused by the invasion of periodontopathogenic microorganisms that results in gingival connective tissue and alveolar bone destruction. Metabolic products of the oral pathogens and the associated host immune and inflammatory responses triggered are responsible for the local tissue destruction. Numerous studies in the past decades have demonstrated that natural polyphenols are capable of modulating the host inflammatory responses by targeting multiple inflammatory components. The proposed mechanism by which polyphenolic compounds exert their great potential is by regulating the immune cell, proinflammatory cytokines synthesis and gene expression. However, due to its low absorption and bioavailability, the beneficial effects of these substances are very limited and it hampers their use as a therapeutic agent. To address these limitations, targeted delivery systems by nanoencapsulation techniques have been explored in recent years. Nanoencapsulation of polyphenolic compounds with different carriers is an efficient and promising approach to boost their bioavailability, increase the efficiency and reduce the degradability of natural polyphenols. In this review, we focus on the effects of different polyphenolic substances in periodontal inflammation and to explore the pharmaceutical significance of polyphenol-loaded nanoparticles in controlling periodontitis, which may be useful for further enhancement of their efficacy as therapeutic agents for periodontal disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Putri Ayu Jayusman
- Department of Craniofacial Diagnostics and Biosciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Nurrul Shaqinah Nasruddin
- Department of Craniofacial Diagnostics and Biosciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Nurul Inaas Mahamad Apandi
- Department of Craniofacial Diagnostics and Biosciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Norliwati Ibrahim
- Department of Craniofacial Diagnostics and Biosciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Siti Balkis Budin
- Centre for Diagnostic, Therapeutic and Investigative Studies, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Hou L, Ye Y, Gou H, Tang H, Zhou Y, Xu X, Xu Y. A20 inhibits periodontal bone resorption and NLRP3-mediated M1 macrophage polarization. Exp Cell Res 2022; 418:113264. [PMID: 35714941 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2022.113264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Revised: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
A20 is involved in inflammation and bone metabolism in periodontitis. Regulation of macrophage polarization may be an effective target for periodontitis treatment, and A20 has a regulatory role in macrophage polarization. This study aimed to explore the effects of A20 on macrophage polarization in periodontitis and the underlying mechanism. Adeno-associated virus (AAV) targeting A20 was exploited to achieve A20 knockdown or overexpression in periodontal tissues of mice with experimental periodontitis. The (AAV-A20-RNAi) +P group showed increased alveolar bone resorption when compared with PBS + P and CON305 + P groups. However, the degree of bone destruction was reduced in the (AAV-A20) +P group relative to PBS + P and CON299 + P groups. A20 knockdown resulted in enhanced inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) expression and decreased CD206 expression in mice periodontal tissues. In addition, higher levels of M1 macrophage polarization markers (iNOS, CD86, TNF-α) and lower CD206 expression were found in THP-1 cells treated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) from Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis) (Pg. LPS) and interferon-γ (IFN-γ) when A20 was silenced. A20 overexpression showed opposite effects on macrophage polarization in vivo and in vitro. Knockdown of A20 was correlated with upregulation of the NLRP3 inflammasome pathway in mice periodontal tissues or THP-1 cells. On the contrary, A20 overexpression inhibited the NLRP3 inflammasome pathway. MCC950 suppressed M1 macrophage polarization aggravated through A20 knockdown in Pg. LPS and IFN-γ stimulated cells. Our data suggested that A20 inhibits periodontal bone resorption and NLRP3-mediated M1 macrophage polarization; A20 is expected to be a novel target for the treatment of periodontitis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liguang Hou
- Department of Periodontics, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China; Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing, China; Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Stomatological Translational Medicine, Nanjing, China.
| | - Yu Ye
- Department of Periodontics, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China; Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing, China; Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Stomatological Translational Medicine, Nanjing, China.
| | - Huiqing Gou
- Department of Periodontics, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China; Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing, China; Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Stomatological Translational Medicine, Nanjing, China.
| | - Hui Tang
- Department of Periodontics, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China; Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing, China; Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Stomatological Translational Medicine, Nanjing, China.
| | - Yi Zhou
- Department of Periodontics, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China; Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing, China; Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Stomatological Translational Medicine, Nanjing, China.
| | - Xuanwen Xu
- Department of Periodontics, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China; Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing, China; Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Stomatological Translational Medicine, Nanjing, China.
| | - Yan Xu
- Department of Periodontics, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China; Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing, China; Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Stomatological Translational Medicine, Nanjing, China.
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Harding A, Kanagasingam S, Welbury R, Singhrao SK. Periodontitis as a Risk Factor for Alzheimer's Disease: The Experimental Journey So Far, with Hope of Therapy. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2022; 1373:241-260. [PMID: 35612802 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-96881-6_13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Periodontitis and Alzheimer's disease (AD) exist globally within the adult population. Given that the risk of AD incidence doubles within 10 years from the time of periodontal disease diagnosis, there is a window of opportunity for slowing down or preventing AD by risk-reduction-based intervention. Literature appraisal on the shared risk factors of these diseases suggests a shift to a healthy lifestyle would be beneficial. Generalised (chronic) periodontitis with an established dysbiotic polymicrobial aetiology affects the tooth supporting tissues with eventual tooth loss. The cause of AD remains unknown, however two neurohistopathological lesions - amyloid-beta plaques and neurofibrillary tangles, together with the clinical history, provide AD diagnosis at autopsy. Historically, prominence was given to the two hallmark lesions but now emphasis is placed on cerebral inflammation and what triggers it. Low socioeconomic status promotes poor lifestyles that compromise oral and personal hygiene along with reliance on poor dietary intake. Taken together with advancing age and a declining immune protection, these risk factors may negatively impact on periodontitis and AD. These factors also provide a tangible solution to controlling pathogenic bacteria indigenous to the oral and gastrointestinal tract microbioes in vulnerable subjects. The focus here is on Porphyromonas gingivalis, one of several important bacterial pathogens associated with both periodontitis and AD. Recent research has enabled advances in our knowledge of the armoury of P. gingivalis via reproduction of all clinical and neuropathological hallmark lesions of AD and chronic periodontal disease in vitro and in vivo experimental models, thus paving the way for better future management.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alice Harding
- Brain and Behavior Centre, Faculty of Clinical and Biomedical Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Central Lancashire, Preston, UK
| | - Shalini Kanagasingam
- Brain and Behavior Centre, Faculty of Clinical and Biomedical Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Central Lancashire, Preston, UK
| | - Richard Welbury
- Brain and Behavior Centre, Faculty of Clinical and Biomedical Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Central Lancashire, Preston, UK
| | - Sim K Singhrao
- Brain and Behavior Centre, Faculty of Clinical and Biomedical Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Central Lancashire, Preston, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Chatterjee A, Khanra R, Chattopadhyay M, Ghosh S, Sahu R, Nandi G, Maji HS, Chakraborty P. Pharmacological studies of rhizomes of extract of Cyperus tegetum, emphasized on anticancer, anti-inflammatory and analgesic activity. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 289:115035. [PMID: 35085743 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.115035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2021] [Revised: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE With over 950 species, Cyperus is one of the most promising health boosting genera in the Cyperaceae family. Traditional uses of Cyperus sp. have been described for gastrointestinal blood abnormalities, menstrual irregularities, and inflammatory diseases, among others. Cyperus tegetum Roxb belonging to Cyperaceae family, is used in traditional medicine to treat skin cancers. AIM OF THE STUDY The present study was carried out to explore the potential effect of the extract of the plant Cyperus tegetum against different pharmacological activity namely inflammatory, analgesic activity as well as skin cancer activity in mice. MATERIALS AND METHODS Cytotoxicity of the extract was measured by MTT and Live/death assay on HeLa cell line. Skin cancer was induced by 7,12-dimethylbenz(a) anthracene (DMBA) and 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) in mice to measure its effects. RESULT Stigmasterol and some poly phenolic compounds are identified using HPTLC process from the methanol extract of the rhizome of the plant Cyperus tegetum (CT-II). After confirmation of the presence of different polyphenolic compound and triterpenoids in the extract, it was subject to MTT and Live/death assay on HeLa cell line. From the observation it could be concluded that the IC50 of the extract is 300 μg/ml. Thus, the CTII was evaluated further for its in vivo anticancer property. In the tumorigenesis study, the number of tumor growths, the area and weight of the tumor significantly decreases with increment in the dose of CT-II extract and some elevated enzyme release in renal (creatinine, urea) as well as hepatic (AST, ALT, ALP) enzymes are also controlled with the increased dose of the same extract. The elevated enzyme release may be due to cancer induced rupture of the plasma and cellular damage. This CT-II extract also exhibits some other pharmacological activity like anti-inflammatory and analgesic activity. CONCLUSION As metabolic activation via carcinogens and inflammation response plays important role in development of cancer, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties can be correlated with anti-cancer properties. Taken all the above studies, it was illustrated that the extract of Cyperus tegetum might be a promising compound to reduce skin cancer risk.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Atanu Chatterjee
- Bengal School of Technology, Chinsurah, Hooghly, West Bengal, India.
| | - Ritu Khanra
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, JIS University, Agarpara, Kolkata, West Bengal, India.
| | | | - Santanu Ghosh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, JIS University, Agarpara, Kolkata, West Bengal, India.
| | - Ranabir Sahu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, University of North Bengal, Darjeeling, India.
| | - Gouranga Nandi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, University of North Bengal, Darjeeling, India.
| | - Himangshu Sekhar Maji
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, JIS University, Agarpara, Kolkata, West Bengal, India.
| | - Pranabesh Chakraborty
- Maulana Abul Kalam Azad University of Technology, Bidhannagar, Kolkata, West Bengal, India.
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Chinthamani S, Settem RP, Honma K, Stafford GP, Sharma A. Tannerella forsythia strains differentially induce interferon gamma-induced protein 10 (IP-10) expression in macrophages due to lipopolysaccharide heterogeneity. Pathog Dis 2022; 80:6566341. [PMID: 35404415 PMCID: PMC9053306 DOI: 10.1093/femspd/ftac008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Revised: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Tannerella forsythia is strongly implicated in the development of periodontitis, an inflammatory disease that destroys the bone and soft tissues supporting the tooth. To date, the knowledge of the virulence attributes of T. forsythia species has mainly come from studies with a laboratory adapted strain (ATCC 43 037). In this study, we focused on two T. forsythia clinical isolates, UB4 and UB20, in relation to their ability to activate macrophages. We found that these clinical isolates differentially induced proinflammatory cytokine expression in macrophages. Prominently, the expression of the chemokine protein IP-10 (CXCL10) was highly induced by UB20 as compared to UB4 and the laboratory strain ATCC 43 037. Our study focused on the lipopolysaccharide component (LPS) of these strains and found that UB20 expressed a smooth-type LPS, unlike UB4 and ATCC 43 037 each of which expressed a rough-type LPS. The LPS from UB20, via activation of TLR4, was found to be a highly potent inducer of IP-10 expression via signaling through STAT1 (signal transducer and activator of transcription-1). These data suggest that pathogenicity of T. forsythia species could be strain dependent and the LPS heterogeneity associated with the clinical strains might be responsible for their pathogenic potential and severity of periodontitis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Ashu Sharma
- Oral Biology, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Ahmed H, Amin U, Sun X, Pitts DR, Li Y, Zhu H, Jia Z. Triterpenoid CDDO-IM protects against lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammatory response and cytotoxicity in macrophages: The involvement of the NF-κB signaling pathway. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2022; 247:683-690. [PMID: 35034476 PMCID: PMC9039488 DOI: 10.1177/15353702211066912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Lipopolysaccharide (LPS), also known as endotoxin, can trigger septic shock, a severe form of inflammation-mediated sepsis with a very high mortality rate. However, the precise mechanisms underlying this endotoxin remain to be defined and detoxification of LPS is yet to be established. Macrophages, a type of immune cells, initiate a key response responsible for the cascade of events leading to the surge in inflammatory cytokines and immunopathology of septic shock. This study was undertaken to determine whether the LPS-induced inflammation in macrophage cells could be ameliorated via CDDO-IM (2-cyano-3,12 dioxooleana-1,9 dien-28-oyl imidazoline), a novel triterpenoid compound. Data from this study show that gene expression levels of inflammatory cytokine genes such as interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β), interleukin-8 (IL-8), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) were considerably increased by treatment with LPS in macrophages differentiated from ML-1 monocytes. Interestingly, LPS-induced increase in expression of pro-inflammatory cytokine levels is reduced by CDDO-IM. In addition, endogenous upregulation of a series of antioxidant molecules by CDDO-IM provided protection against LPS-induced cytotoxicity in macrophages. LPS-mediated nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-kB) transcriptional activity was also noted to decrease upon treatment with CDDO-IM in macrophages suggesting the involvement of the NF-κB signaling. This study would contribute to improve our understanding of the detoxification of endotoxin LPS by the triterpenoid CDDO-IM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hassan Ahmed
- Department of Biology, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, NC 27410, USA
| | - Urooj Amin
- Department of Biology, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, NC 27410, USA
| | - Xiaolun Sun
- Cell and Molecular Biology (CEMB), University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701, USA
- Center of Excellence for Poultry Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701, USA
| | - Demetrius R Pitts
- Department of Biology, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, NC 27410, USA
| | - Yunbo Li
- Jerry M. Wallace School of Osteopathic Medicine, Campbell University, Buies Creek, NC 27506, USA
| | - Hong Zhu
- Jerry M. Wallace School of Osteopathic Medicine, Campbell University, Buies Creek, NC 27506, USA
| | - Zhenquan Jia
- Department of Biology, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, NC 27410, USA
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Platycodin D Alleviates High-Glucose-Aggravated Inflammatory Responses in Oral Mucosal Cells by PI3K/mTOR Pathway. COATINGS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/coatings12040444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Oral mucosal diseases account for an increasing proportion of hμMan diseases. Among the many common risk factors that cause oral diseases and systemic diseases, dietary factors, especially high sugar, are particularly prominent. Exhibiting therapeutic potential in treating certain inflammation-related diseases, platycodin D (PD) has been known to possess anti-inflammatory benefits in cases of cytokine-induced inflammation, a fact that has been widely docμMented. However, there are few studies about PD in the oral mucosal disease. Investigating the effect of PD on high-glucose (HG)-induced inflammatory responses in oral mucosal cells was the endeavor of this study. The results revealed that HG induced cell mortality, promoted activity of inflammatory factor (TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-8), and increased ROS production in oral mucosal cells. Interestingly, PD obviously alleviated HG-induced oral mucosal cells inflammatory response. Simultaneously, the expressions of PI3K and mTOR were inhibited by PD. In addition, the activation of PI3K and mTOR decreased the protective effect of PD on oral mucosal cells. To conclude, the PI3K/mTOR signaling pathway was found to be inactivated, thereby restraining the activation of the full immune cell by inhibition of the pro-inflammatory cytokines, as revealed by the results indicating the prevention of the HG-induced inflammation response by PD.
Collapse
|
32
|
Vaillancourt K, Ben Lagha A, Grenier D. A Phenolic-rich Extract of Cocoa (Theobroma cacao L.) Beans Impairs the Pathogenic Properties of Porphyromonas gingivalis and Attenuates the Activation of Nuclear Factor Kappa B in a Monocyte Model. FRONTIERS IN ORAL HEALTH 2022; 3:867793. [PMID: 35392377 PMCID: PMC8980215 DOI: 10.3389/froh.2022.867793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Periodontitis, an inflammatory disease that affects tooth-supporting tissues, is the result of a polymicrobial infection involving mainly Gram negative anaerobic bacteria. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of a phenolic-rich extract of cocoa (Theobroma cacao L.) beans on the pathogenic properties of Porphyromonas gingivalis, which is well-known as a keystone pathogen in the development of periodontitis. The effect of the cocoa extract on P. gingivalis-induced activation of the nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) transcription factor in a monocyte model was also assessed. The cocoa extract, whose major phenolic compound was epicatechin, inhibited the growth, hemolytic activity, proteolytic activities, and adherence properties (basement membrane matrix, erythrocytes) of P. gingivalis in a dose-dependent manner. It also protected the barrier function of a keratinocyte model against the deleterious effects mediated by P. gingivalis, and attenuated reactive oxygen species (ROS) production by oral keratinocytes treated with P. gingivalis. Lastly, the cocoa extract showed an anti-inflammatory property by preventing P. gingivalis-induced NF-κB activation in monocytes. In conclusion, this in vitro study highlighted the potential value of an epicatechin-rich extract of cocoa beans for preventing and/or treating periodontal diseases.
Collapse
|
33
|
Metcalfe S, Anselmi N, Escobar A, Visser MB, Kay JG. Innate Phagocyte Polarization in the Oral Cavity. Front Immunol 2022; 12:768479. [PMID: 35069541 PMCID: PMC8770816 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.768479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The oral cavity is a complex environment constantly exposed to antigens from food and the oral microbiota. Innate immune cells play an essential role in maintaining health and homeostasis in the oral environment. However, these cells also play a significant role in disease progression. This review will focus on two innate phagocytes in the oral cavity: macrophages and neutrophils, and examine their roles during homeostasis and disease development, with a focus on periodontal disease and cancer. Macrophages have a well-known ability to polarize and be activated towards a variety of phenotypes. Several studies have found that macrophages’ polarization changes can play an essential role in maintaining health in the oral cavity and contribute to disease. Recent data also finds that neutrophils display phenotypic heterogeneity in the oral cavity. In both cases, we focus on what is known about how these cellular changes alter these immune cells’ interactions with the oral microbiota, including how such changes can lead to worsening, rather than improving, disease states.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Metcalfe
- Department of Oral Biology, School of Dental Medicine, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, United States
| | - Natalie Anselmi
- Department of Oral Biology, School of Dental Medicine, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, United States
| | - Alejandro Escobar
- Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias Odontológicas, Facultad de Odontología, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Michelle B Visser
- Department of Oral Biology, School of Dental Medicine, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, United States
| | - Jason G Kay
- Department of Oral Biology, School of Dental Medicine, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, United States
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Görgülü NG, Doğan B. Effect of Non-surgical Periodontal Treatment on Salivary and Serum Biomarkers in Stage III Grade B and C Periodontitis. J Periodontol 2022; 93:1191-1205. [PMID: 35043972 DOI: 10.1002/jper.21-0536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Revised: 01/06/2022] [Accepted: 01/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to evaluate the levels of total matrix metalloproteinase-8 (MMP-8), macrophage-activating factors (MAF), macrophage inflammatory protein (MIP)-1α, macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF), interleukin (IL)-34 in saliva and serum of periodontally healthy, periodontitis stage III grade B (P-III-B) and grade C (P-III-C) participants and to compare the changes after non-surgical periodontal treatment (NSPT). METHODS A total of non-smoker and systemically healthy 65 participants, 20 periodontally healthy, 20 P-III-B, and 25 P-III-C were recruited for the study. The periodontal parameters were recorded, saliva and serum samples were obtained from all participants at baseline. In periodontitis groups, the periodontal parameters were reevaluated, and the samples were recollected at 1 and 3 months following the NSPT. MMP-8, MAF, MIP-1α, M-CSF, and IL34 levels were measured by ELISA. Receiver operating characteristics curve was performed for estimating the area under the curve (AUC). RESULTS All periodontal parameters were improved in periodontitis groups after NSPT (p<0.05). Among tested molecules, salivary MMP-8 and MAF were higher in both periodontitis groups compared to healthy controls (p<0.05) at baseline and significantly decreased after NSPT (p<0.05) to healthy levels or below. Salivary MMP-8 had the highest diagnostic ability both for P-III-B (AUC:0.78 sensitivity: 80%; specificity: 80%) and P-III-C (AUC:0.88 sensitivity: 88%; specificity: 80%). Moreover, after adjusting for age, periodontitis groups were associated with salivary MMP-8 and MAF levels (p<0.05). CONCLUSION The present study showed that high salivary MMP-8 and MAF levels were associated with non-smoker, systemically healthy P-III-B and P-III-C. Moreover, NSPT was remarkably reduced their levels. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nimet Gül Görgülü
- Department of Periodontology, Institute of Health Science, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Başak Doğan
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Cecil A, Sambashivaiah S, Bilichodmath S, John RS. mRNA Expression of Ezrin in Gingival Crevicular Fluid and Whole Blood of Gingivitis and Chronic Periodontitis Patients - A Polymerase Chain Reaction Study. Contemp Clin Dent 2022; 13:267-273. [PMID: 36213856 PMCID: PMC9533393 DOI: 10.4103/ccd.ccd_6_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2021] [Revised: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 03/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background A comparative analysis of protein expression of gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) obtained from healthy individuals and individuals with periodontal diseases would help to identify proteins involved in periodontal disease progression. Among the identified proteins, Moesin which is a disease-associated protein belongs to the ezrin-radixin-moesin protein family and was proved to play an important role in the recognition of oral bacteria contributing to the consequent development of inflammatory immune responses involved in periodontal disease development. Aim The aim of the study is to quantify and compare mRNA expression levels of ezrin in GCF and whole blood of gingivitis and chronic periodontitis patients. Materials and Methods A total of 60 patients were selected for the study and were divided into three groups as follows: Group 1 (20 participants with healthy gingiva), Group 2 (20 participants with gingivitis), and Group 3 (20 participants with chronic periodontitis). Clinical parameters such as gingival index, periodontal index, probing pocket depth, and clinical attachment level were assessed. GCF and blood samples were taken from these patients and assessed for the mRNA expression of ezrin using real-time polymerase chain reaction. Results The expression and mean relative quantification of mRNA expression of ezrin in GCF and blood were higher for periodontitis (18.32 ± 8.398, 19.34 ± 9.487) when compared to that of gingivitis (5.34 ± 3.609, 5.48 ± 4.428) and healthy individuals (2.33 ± 0.643, 3.47 ± 1.923) and they positively correlated with the clinical parameters. Conclusion The increased expression of ezrin can be considered as a good indicator to assess the inflammatory activity in periodontitis and gingivitis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anju Cecil
- Department of Periodontology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospital, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India,Address for correspondence:Dr. Anju Cecil, Senior Lecturer, Department of Periodontology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospital, Chennai - 600 077, Tamil Nadu, India. E-mail:
| | - Savita Sambashivaiah
- Department of Periodontology, Rajarajeswari Dental College and Hospital, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Shivaprasad Bilichodmath
- Department of Periodontology, Rajarajeswari Dental College and Hospital, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Rubin S. John
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Saveetha Dental College and Hospital, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Shi J, Zhang Y, Zhang X, Chen R, Wei J, Hou J, Wang B, Lai H, Huang Y. Remodeling immune microenvironment in periodontitis using resveratrol liposomes as an antibiotic-free therapeutic strategy. J Nanobiotechnology 2021; 19:429. [PMID: 34930286 PMCID: PMC8686397 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-021-01175-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Periodontitis is a complicated inflammatory disease that damages the tooth-supporting tissues, with limited pharmacotherapy available. Macrophage-targeting therapy is promising for inflammatory diseases. Resveratrol (RSV), a nonflavonoid polyphenol, is known for its anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects. However, its medical application is limited by its poor stability and water-solubility, as well as its low bioavailability. RESULT A therapeutic resveratrol-loaded liposomal system (Lipo-RSV) was developed to treat periodontitis. The physical properties of Lipo-RSV and its ability to regulate macrophages were investigated. The results showed that Lipo-RSV had good biocompatibility and could re-educate the inflammatory macrophages from M1- to M2-like phenotype through activating p-STAT3 and downregulating p-STAT1. Besides, the Lipo-RSV could scavenge ROS and inhibit the NF-κB signal and inflammasomes, thereby reducing the pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α. CONCLUSION These results revealed that Lipo-RSV could be a potential therapeutic system for the antibiotic-free treatment for periodontal diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Junyu Shi
- Department of Implant Dentistry, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineCollege of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University; National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Department of Implant Dentistry, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineCollege of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University; National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai, 200011, China
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 501 Haike Rd, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Xiaomeng Zhang
- Department of Implant Dentistry, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineCollege of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University; National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Ruiying Chen
- Department of Implant Dentistry, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineCollege of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University; National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Jianxu Wei
- Department of Implant Dentistry, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineCollege of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University; National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Jiazhen Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 501 Haike Rd, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Bing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 501 Haike Rd, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Hongchang Lai
- Department of Implant Dentistry, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineCollege of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University; National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai, 200011, China.
| | - Yongzhuo Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 501 Haike Rd, Shanghai, 201203, China.
- Zhongshan Institute for Drug Discovery, SIMM, CAS, Zhongshan, 528437, China.
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Research and Evaluation of Pharmaceutical Excipients, Shanghai, 201203, China.
- Taizhou University, School of Advanced Study, Institute of Natural Medicine and Health Product, Taizhou, 318000, China.
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Li N, Fu L, Li Z, Ke Y, Wang Y, Wu J, Yu J. The Role of Immune Microenvironment in Maxillofacial Bone Homeostasis. FRONTIERS IN DENTAL MEDICINE 2021. [DOI: 10.3389/fdmed.2021.780973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Maxillofacial bone defects are common medical problems caused by congenital defects, necrosis, trauma, tumor, inflammation, and fractures non-union. Maxillofacial bone defects often need bone graft, which has many difficulties, such as limited autogenous bone supply and donor site morbidity. Bone tissue engineering is a promising strategy to overcome the above-mentioned problems. Osteoimmunology is the inter-discipline that focuses on the relationship between the skeletal and immune systems. The immune microenvironment plays a crucial role in bone healing, tissue repair and regeneration in maxillofacial region. Recent studies have revealed the vital role of immune microenvironment and bone homeostasis. In this study, we analyzed the complex interaction between immune microenvironment and bone regeneration process in oral and maxillofacial region, which will be important to improve the clinical outcome of the bone injury treatment.
Collapse
|
38
|
Yuan G, Fu C, Yang ST, Yuh DY, Hajishengallis G, Yang S. RGS12 Drives Macrophage Activation and Osteoclastogenesis in Periodontitis. J Dent Res 2021; 101:448-457. [PMID: 34796776 DOI: 10.1177/00220345211045303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Periodontitis is a complex inflammatory disease affecting the supporting structures of teeth and is associated with systemic inflammatory disorders. Regulator of G-protein signaling 12 (RGS12), the largest protein in the RGS protein family, plays a crucial role in the development of inflammation and bone remodeling. However, the role and mechanism(s) by which RGS12 may regulate periodontitis have not been elucidated. Here, we showed that ablation of RGS12 in Mx1+ hematopoietic cells blocked bone loss in the ligature-induced periodontitis model, as evidenced morphometrically and by micro-computed tomography analysis of the alveolar bone. Moreover, hematopoietic cell-specific deletion of RGS12 inhibited osteoclast formation and activity as well as the production of inflammatory cytokines such as IL1β, IL6, and TNFα in the diseased periodontal tissue. In the in vitro experiments, we found that the overexpression of RGS12 promoted the reprogramming of macrophages to the proinflammatory M1 type, but not the anti-inflammatory M2 type, and enhanced the ability of macrophages for migration. Conversely, knockdown of RGS12 in macrophages inhibited the production of inflammatory cytokines and migration of macrophages in response to lipopolysaccharide stimulation. Our results demonstrate for the first time that inhibition of RGS12 in macrophages is a promising therapeutic target for the treatment of periodontitis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- G Yuan
- Department of Basic and Translational Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - C Fu
- Department of Basic and Translational Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Department of Orthodontics, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China.,Department of Orthodontics, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - S T Yang
- Department of Basic and Translational Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - D Y Yuh
- Department of Basic and Translational Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, National Defense Medical Center and Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei
| | - G Hajishengallis
- Department of Basic and Translational Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - S Yang
- Department of Basic and Translational Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,The Penn Center for Musculoskeletal Disorders, School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Center for Innovation & Precision Dentistry, School of Dental Medicine, School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Brandini DA, Takamiya AS, Thakkar P, Schaller S, Rahat R, Naqvi AR. Covid-19 and oral diseases: Crosstalk, synergy or association? Rev Med Virol 2021; 31:e2226. [PMID: 33646645 PMCID: PMC8014590 DOI: 10.1002/rmv.2226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Revised: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19) is a viral infection caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) that clinically affects multiple organs of the human body. Cells in the oral cavity express viral entry receptor angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 that allows viral replication and may cause tissue inflammation and destruction. Recent studies have reported that Covid-19 patients present oral manifestations with multiple clinical aspects. In this review, we aim to summarise main signs and symptoms of Covid-19 in the oral cavity, its possible association with oral diseases, and the plausible underlying mechanisms of hyperinflammation reflecting crosstalk between Covid-19 and oral diseases. Ulcers, blisters, necrotising gingivitis, opportunistic coinfections, salivary gland alterations, white and erythematous plaques and gustatory dysfunction were the most reported clinical oral manifestations in patients with Covid-19. In general, the lesions appear concomitant with the loss of smell and taste. Multiple reports show evidences of necrotic/ulcerative gingiva, oral blisters and hypergrowth of opportunistic oral pathogens. SARS-CoV-2 exhibits tropism for endothelial cells and Covid-19-mediated endotheliitis can not only promote inflammation in oral tissues but can also facilitate virus spread. In addition, elevated levels of proinflammatory mediators in patients with Covid-19 and oral infectious disease can impair tissue homeostasis and cause delayed disease resolution. This suggests potential crosstalk of immune-mediated pathways underlying pathogenesis. Interestingly, few reports suggest recurrent herpetic lesions and higher bacterial growth in Covid-19 subjects, indicating SARS-CoV-2 and oral virus/bacteria interaction. Larger cohort studies comparing SARS-CoV-2 negative and positive subjects will reveal oral manifestation of the virus on oral health and its role in exacerbating oral infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniela A. Brandini
- Department of Diagnosis and SurgerySchool of DentistrySão Paulo State University (UNESP)AraçatubaSão PauloBrazil
| | - Aline S. Takamiya
- Department of Diagnosis and SurgerySchool of DentistrySão Paulo State University (UNESP)AraçatubaSão PauloBrazil
| | - Pari Thakkar
- Mucosal Immunology LabCollege of DentistryUniversity of Illinois at ChicagoChicagoIllinoisUSA
| | - Samantha Schaller
- Mucosal Immunology LabCollege of DentistryUniversity of Illinois at ChicagoChicagoIllinoisUSA
| | - Rani Rahat
- Mucosal Immunology LabCollege of DentistryUniversity of Illinois at ChicagoChicagoIllinoisUSA
| | - Afsar R. Naqvi
- Mucosal Immunology LabCollege of DentistryUniversity of Illinois at ChicagoChicagoIllinoisUSA
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Wu D, Weng Y, Feng Y, Liang B, Wang H, Li L, Wang Z. Trem1 Induces Periodontal Inflammation via Regulating M1 Polarization. J Dent Res 2021; 101:437-447. [PMID: 34719965 DOI: 10.1177/00220345211044681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory condition characterized by destruction of nonmineralized and mineralized connective tissues. This study evaluated the role of Trem1 (triggering receptors expressed on myeloid cells 1) in periodontitis by influencing polarization of M1 macrophages through the STAT3/HIF-1α signaling pathway. Trem1 was significantly upregulated in the gingival tissues of patients with periodontitis, as identified by high-throughput RNA sequencing, and positively correlated with levels of M1 macrophage-associated genes. The results of flow cytometry, Western blotting, and reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction showed that knockdown of Trem1 in RAW 264.7 cells decreased polarization of M1 macrophages and increased polarization of M2 macrophages, while overexpression of Trem1 exerted an opposite effect. Furthermore, a mouse model of Trem1 knockout periodontitis exhibited limited infiltration of macrophages and decreased expression levels of M1 macrophage-associated genes in periodontitis lesions and bone marrow-derived macrophages. Importantly, we found that Trem1 could regulate polarization of M1 macrophages through STAT3/HIF-1α signaling as evidenced by RNA sequencing. Moreover, inhibition of Trem1 and HIF-1α could suppress the expression level of proinflammatory cytokine (interleukin 1β) and upregulate the expression level of anti-inflammatory cytokine (interleukin 10) in periodontitis. Collectively, we identified that the Trem1/STAT3/HIF-1α axis could regulate polarization of M1 macrophages and is a potential candidate in the treatment of periodontitis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D Wu
- Department of Implantology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Tooth Restoration and Regeneration, Shanghai, China
| | - Y Weng
- Department of Implantology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Tooth Restoration and Regeneration, Shanghai, China
| | - Y Feng
- Department of Implantology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Tooth Restoration and Regeneration, Shanghai, China
| | - B Liang
- Department of Implantology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Tooth Restoration and Regeneration, Shanghai, China
| | - H Wang
- Department of Implantology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Tooth Restoration and Regeneration, Shanghai, China
| | - L Li
- Department of Implantology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Tooth Restoration and Regeneration, Shanghai, China
| | - Z Wang
- Department of Implantology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Tooth Restoration and Regeneration, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Marinho A, Nunes C, Reis S. Hyaluronic Acid: A Key Ingredient in the Therapy of Inflammation. Biomolecules 2021; 11:1518. [PMID: 34680150 PMCID: PMC8533685 DOI: 10.3390/biom11101518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Revised: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Hyaluronic acid (HA) is a natural polymer, produced endogenously by the human body, which has unique physicochemical and biological properties, exhibiting desirable biocompatibility and biodegradability. Therefore, it has been widely studied for possible applications in the area of inflammatory diseases. Although exogenous HA has been described as unable to restore or replace the properties and activities of endogenous HA, it can still provide satisfactory pain relief. This review aims to discuss the advances that have been achieved in the treatment of inflammatory diseases using hyaluronic acid as a key ingredient, essentially focusing on studies carried out between the years 2017 and 2021.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Cláudia Nunes
- LAQV, REQUIMTE, Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Faculdade de Farmácia da Universidade do Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal; (A.M.); (S.R.)
| | | |
Collapse
|
42
|
Clark D, Kotronia E, Ramsay SE. Frailty, aging, and periodontal disease: Basic biologic considerations. Periodontol 2000 2021; 87:143-156. [PMID: 34463998 PMCID: PMC8771712 DOI: 10.1111/prd.12380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Aging is associated with the development of disease. Periodontal disease is one of the many diseases and conditions that increase in prevalence with age. In addition to the traditional focus on individual age-related conditions, there is now a greater recognition that multisystem conditions such as frailty play an important role in the health of older populations. Frailty is a clinical condition in older adults that increases the risk of adverse health outcomes. Both frailty and periodontal disease are common chronic conditions in older populations and share several risk factors. There is likely a bidirectional relationship between periodontal disease and frailty. Comorbid systemic diseases, poor physical functioning, and limited ability to self-care in frail older people have been implicated as underlying the association between frailty and periodontal disease. In addition, both frailty and periodontal disease also have strong associations with inflammatory dysregulation and other age-related pathophysiologic changes that may similarly underlie their development and progression. Investigating age-related changes in immune cells that regulate inflammation may lead to a better understanding of age-related disease and could lead to therapeutic targets for the improved management of frailty and periodontal disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Clark
- Department of Orofacial Sciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Eftychia Kotronia
- Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
| | - Sheena E Ramsay
- Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Parveen S. Impact of calorie restriction and intermittent fasting on periodontal health. Periodontol 2000 2021; 87:315-324. [PMID: 34463980 DOI: 10.1111/prd.12400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The scientific evidence indicates that calorie restriction and intermittent fasting are among the appropriate strategies targeting factual causative factors of various inflammatory and lifestyle-related disorders. Periodontitis is a common oral inflammatory disease leading to bone loss that is associated with various systemic problems. Previous studies suggest that calorie restriction may dampen inflammation and concomitant tissue damage under inflammatory conditions, such as periodontal diseases in nonhuman primates. However, insufficient research has been carried out to assess the effects of a calorie-restricted diet on the initiation and progression of periodontal disease in humans. This review of the literature aims to describe the general concepts of calorie restriction, its clinical implications, and related therapeutic potential in controlling periodontal inflammation. The review shows that fasting regimen groups have shown lesser bone loss because of an increase in osteoprogenitor cells than non-fasting groups. Calorie restriction dampens the inflammatory response and reduces circulating inflammatory mediators like tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin-6, matrix metalloproteinase-8, matrix metalloproteinase-9, and interleukin-1-beta in gingival crevicular fluid. However, the incorporation of this form of dietary intervention continues to be challenging in our current society, in which obesity is a major public concern. Calorie restriction and intermittent fasting can play a key role in the cost-effective resolution of periodontal inflammation as a primary prevention strategy for the management of chronic inflammatory diseases, including periodontal diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sameena Parveen
- Department of Maxillofacial Surgery and Diagnostic Sciences, College of Dentistry, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Abstract
Hydrogenated amorphous carbon (a-C:H) coatings are attractive materials for protecting metallic surfaces in extreme biological environments like the human oral cavity, due to the unusual combination of mechanical properties, superior bioinertness, and relative easier and cheaper production. In this work, two a-C:H coatings were deposited on AISI 316L substrates by reactive magnetron sputtering with two CH4 flows to assess if this outstanding system could extend its application range to orthodontics. A 30-day immersion test in Fusayama-Meyer artificial saliva was conducted to mimic an extreme acidic intraoral pH. Extracts were quantified and used to perform in vitro assays with mono- and co-cultures of macrophages and fibroblast to assess cell viability, while mechanical and structural behaviors were studied by nanoindentation and visible Raman. The empirically estimated H contents of ~28 and 40 at.% matched the hard and soft a-C:H coating regimes of 18 and 7 GPa, respectively. After immersion, no important structural/mechanical modifications occurred, regardless of the H content, without corrosion signs, delamination, or coating detachment. However, the adhesion-promoting Cr-based interlayer seems to reduce corrosion resistance via galvanic coupling. The highest biocompatibility was found for a-C:H coatings with the lowest H content. This study indicates that sputtered a-C:H are promising surface materials in orthodontics.
Collapse
|
45
|
Ansari M, Petrykey K, Rezgui MA, Del Vecchio V, Cortyl J, Ameur M, Nava T, Beaulieu P, St-Onge P, Mlakar SJ, Uppugunduri CRS, Théoret Y, Bartelink IH, Boelens JJ, Bredius RGM, Dalle JH, Lewis V, Kangarloo BS, Corbacioglu S, Sinnett D, Bittencourt H, Krajinovic M. Genetic susceptibility to acute graft versus host disease in pediatric patients undergoing HSCT. Bone Marrow Transplant 2021; 56:2697-2704. [PMID: 34215854 DOI: 10.1038/s41409-021-01386-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Revised: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The most frequent complication of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation is acute Graft versus Host Disease (aGVHD). Proliferation and differentiation of donor T cells initiate inflammatory response affecting the skin, liver, and gastrointestinal tract. Besides recipient-donor HLA disparities, disease type, and the conditioning regimen, variability in the non-HLA genotype have an impact on aGVHD onset, and genetic variability of key cytokines and chemokines was associated with increased risk of aGVHD. To get further insight into the recipient genetic component of aGVHD grades 2-4 in pediatric patients, we performed an exome-wide association study in a discovery cohort (n = 87). Nine loci sustained correction for multiple testing and were analyzed in a validation group (n = 168). Significant associations were replicated for ERC1 rs1046473, PLEK rs3816281, NOP9 rs2332320 and SPRED1 rs11634702 variants through the interaction with non-genetic factors. The ERC1 variant was significant among patients that received the transplant from HLA-matched related individuals (p = 0.03), bone marrow stem cells recipients (p = 0.007), and serotherapy-negative patients (p = 0.004). NOP9, PLEK, and SPRED1 effects were modulated by stem cell source, and serotherapy (p < 0.05). Furthermore, ERC1 and PLEK SNPs correlated with aGVHD 3-4 independently of non-genetic covariates (p = 0.02 and p = 0.003). This study provides additional insight into the genetic component of moderate to severe aGVHD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marc Ansari
- Cansearch research platform for paediatric oncology and haematology, Department of Paediatrics, Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.,Department of Women, Child and Adolescent, Onco-Hematology Unit, Geneva University Hospital, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Kateryna Petrykey
- Charles-Bruneau Cancer Center, Sainte-Justine University Health Center (SJUHC), Montreal, QC, Canada.,Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Mohamed Aziz Rezgui
- Charles-Bruneau Cancer Center, Sainte-Justine University Health Center (SJUHC), Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Veronica Del Vecchio
- Charles-Bruneau Cancer Center, Sainte-Justine University Health Center (SJUHC), Montreal, QC, Canada.,Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Jacques Cortyl
- Charles-Bruneau Cancer Center, Sainte-Justine University Health Center (SJUHC), Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Milad Ameur
- Charles-Bruneau Cancer Center, Sainte-Justine University Health Center (SJUHC), Montreal, QC, Canada.,Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Tiago Nava
- Cansearch research platform for paediatric oncology and haematology, Department of Paediatrics, Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.,Department of Women, Child and Adolescent, Onco-Hematology Unit, Geneva University Hospital, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Patrick Beaulieu
- Charles-Bruneau Cancer Center, Sainte-Justine University Health Center (SJUHC), Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Pascal St-Onge
- Charles-Bruneau Cancer Center, Sainte-Justine University Health Center (SJUHC), Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Simona Jurkovic Mlakar
- Cansearch research platform for paediatric oncology and haematology, Department of Paediatrics, Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.,Department of Women, Child and Adolescent, Onco-Hematology Unit, Geneva University Hospital, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Chakradhara Rao S Uppugunduri
- Cansearch research platform for paediatric oncology and haematology, Department of Paediatrics, Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.,Department of Women, Child and Adolescent, Onco-Hematology Unit, Geneva University Hospital, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Yves Théoret
- Charles-Bruneau Cancer Center, Sainte-Justine University Health Center (SJUHC), Montreal, QC, Canada.,Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Clinical Pharmacology Unit, Sainte-Justine University Health Center (SJUHC), Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Imke H Bartelink
- Pediatric Blood and Marrow Transplantation Program, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands.,Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacy, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jaap-Jan Boelens
- Pediatric Blood and Marrow Transplantation Program, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands.,Stem cell transplantation and cellular therapy program, Department of Pediatrics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Robbert G M Bredius
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Immunology, Infectious Diseases and SCT, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Jean-Hugues Dalle
- Pediatric Hematology Department, Robert Debré Hospital, Assistance Publique, Hôpitaux de Paris and Paris-Diderot University, Paris, France
| | - Victor Lewis
- Department of Oncology, Alberta Children's Hospital, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Bill S Kangarloo
- Department of Oncology, Alberta Children's Hospital, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Selim Corbacioglu
- Department of Hematology, Oncology, and Stem Cell Transplantation University Children's Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Daniel Sinnett
- Charles-Bruneau Cancer Center, Sainte-Justine University Health Center (SJUHC), Montreal, QC, Canada.,Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Henrique Bittencourt
- Charles-Bruneau Cancer Center, Sainte-Justine University Health Center (SJUHC), Montreal, QC, Canada.,Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Maja Krajinovic
- Charles-Bruneau Cancer Center, Sainte-Justine University Health Center (SJUHC), Montreal, QC, Canada. .,Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada. .,Clinical Pharmacology Unit, Sainte-Justine University Health Center (SJUHC), Montreal, QC, Canada. .,Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Evaluation of Mouthwash Containing Citrus hystrix DC., Moringa oleifera Lam. and Azadirachta indica A. Juss. Leaf Extracts on Dental Plaque and Gingivitis. PLANTS 2021; 10:plants10061153. [PMID: 34204096 PMCID: PMC8226465 DOI: 10.3390/plants10061153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2021] [Revised: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Oral hygiene and control of microbial plaque biofilm formation are effective methods for preventing gingivitis. Mouthwashes containing leaf extracts of the medicinal plants Citrus hystrix DC. (KL), Moringa oleifera Lam. (MO) and Azadirachta indica A. Juss. (NE) were assessed for oral healthcare and gingivitis adjunctive treatment. Three types of mouthwash were developed; KL, a combination of KL and MO (KL + MO), and a combination of KL, and NE (KL + NE). The mouthwashes were tested in vivo on 47 subjects with gingivitis who were allocated into five groups as (i) placebo, (ii) KL, (iii) KL + MO, (iv) KL + NE, and (v) 0.12% chlorhexidine gluconate (CHX). Participants were instructed to rinse with herbal mouthwash twice daily for two weeks. Gingival index (GI), plaque index (PI), and oral microbial colonies were measured at baseline and 15 days. Results showed that GI and PI of groups (ii)–(iv) significantly decreased over the placebo group, while accumulative reduction percentages of both Staphylococcus spp. and Candida spp. were found in groups (iii) and (iv). Findings indicated that the herbal mouthwashes reduced GI and PI, and showed potential as oral healthcare products.
Collapse
|
47
|
Lin K, Zhou D, Li M, Meng J, He F, Yang X, Dong D, Wang X, Wu X, Chen X, Hou J. Echinococcus granulosus cyst fluid suppresses inflammatory responses by inhibiting TRAF6 signalling in macrophages. Parasitology 2021; 148:887-894. [PMID: 33775265 PMCID: PMC11010193 DOI: 10.1017/s0031182021000548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Revised: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Echinococcus granulosus sensu lato has complex defence mechanisms that protect it from the anti-parasitic immune response for long periods. Echinococcus granulosus cyst fluid (EgCF) is involved in the immune escape. Nevertheless, whether and how EgCF modulates the inflammatory response in macrophages remains poorly understood. Here, real-time polymerase chain reaction and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay revealed that EgCF could markedly attenuate the lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced production of pro-inflammatory factors including tumour necrosis factor-α, interleukin (IL)-12 and IL-6 but increase the expression of IL-10 at mRNA and protein levels in mouse peritoneal macrophages and RAW 264.7 cells. Mechanically, western blotting and immunofluorescence assay showed that EgCF abolished the activation of nuclear factor (NF)-κB p65, p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and ERK1/2 signalling pathways by LPS stimulation in mouse macrophages. EgCF's anti-inflammatory role was at least partly contributed by promoting proteasomal degradation of the critical adaptor TRAF6. Moreover, the EgCF-promoted anti-inflammatory response and TRAF6 proteasomal degradation were conserved in human THP-1 macrophages. These findings collectively reveal a novel mechanism by which EgCF suppresses inflammatory responses by inhibiting TRAF6 and the downstream activation of NF-κB and MAPK signalling in both human and mouse macrophages, providing new insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying the E. granulosus-induced immune evasion.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ke Lin
- Department of Immunology, Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Di Zhou
- Medical Laboratory, the First Affiliated Hospital, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Min Li
- Nursing School of Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Jin Meng
- Department of Immunology, Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Feiming He
- Department of Immunology, Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Xiaofeng Yang
- Department of Immunology, Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Dan Dong
- Department of Immunology, Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Xian Wang
- Department of Immunology, Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Xiangwei Wu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Xueling Chen
- Department of Immunology, Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Jun Hou
- Department of Immunology, Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Elmanfi S, Yilmaz M, Ong WWS, Yeboah KS, Sintim HO, Gürsoy M, Könönen E, Gürsoy UK. Bacterial Cyclic Dinucleotides and the cGAS-cGAMP-STING Pathway: A Role in Periodontitis? Pathogens 2021; 10:675. [PMID: 34070809 PMCID: PMC8226932 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens10060675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Revised: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Host cells can recognize cytosolic double-stranded DNAs and endogenous second messengers as cyclic dinucleotides-including c-di-GMP, c-di-AMP, and cGAMP-of invading microbes via the critical and essential innate immune signaling adaptor molecule known as STING. This recognition activates the innate immune system and leads to the production of Type I interferons and proinflammatory cytokines. In this review, we (1) focus on the possible role of bacterial cyclic dinucleotides and the STING/TBK1/IRF3 pathway in the pathogenesis of periodontal disease and the regulation of periodontal immune response, and (2) review and discuss activators and inhibitors of the STING pathway as immune response regulators and their potential utility in the treatment of periodontitis. PubMed/Medline, Scopus, and Web of Science were searched with the terms "STING", "TBK 1", "IRF3", and "cGAS"-alone, or together with "periodontitis". Current studies produced evidence for using STING-pathway-targeting molecules as part of anticancer therapy, and as vaccine adjuvants against microbial infections; however, the role of the STING/TBK1/IRF3 pathway in periodontal disease pathogenesis is still undiscovered. Understanding the stimulation of the innate immune response by cyclic dinucleotides opens a new approach to host modulation therapies in periodontology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Samira Elmanfi
- Department of Periodontology, Institute of Dentistry, University of Turku, 20520 Turku, Finland; (S.E.); (M.G.); (E.K.)
| | - Mustafa Yilmaz
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Biruni University, 34010 Istanbul, Turkey;
| | - Wilson W. S. Ong
- Department of Chemistry and Purdue Institute for Drug Discovery and Purdue Institute of Inflammation, Immunology and Infectious Disease, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, IN 47907, USA; (W.W.S.O.); (K.S.Y.)
| | - Kofi S. Yeboah
- Department of Chemistry and Purdue Institute for Drug Discovery and Purdue Institute of Inflammation, Immunology and Infectious Disease, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, IN 47907, USA; (W.W.S.O.); (K.S.Y.)
| | - Herman O. Sintim
- Department of Chemistry and Purdue Institute for Drug Discovery and Purdue Institute of Inflammation, Immunology and Infectious Disease, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, IN 47907, USA; (W.W.S.O.); (K.S.Y.)
| | - Mervi Gürsoy
- Department of Periodontology, Institute of Dentistry, University of Turku, 20520 Turku, Finland; (S.E.); (M.G.); (E.K.)
| | - Eija Könönen
- Department of Periodontology, Institute of Dentistry, University of Turku, 20520 Turku, Finland; (S.E.); (M.G.); (E.K.)
- Oral Health Care, Welfare Division, City of Turku, 20520 Turku, Finland
| | - Ulvi K. Gürsoy
- Department of Periodontology, Institute of Dentistry, University of Turku, 20520 Turku, Finland; (S.E.); (M.G.); (E.K.)
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Cytokine-Mediated Inflammation in the Oral Cavity and Its Effect on Lipid Nanocarriers. NANOMATERIALS 2021; 11:nano11051330. [PMID: 34070004 PMCID: PMC8157841 DOI: 10.3390/nano11051330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Revised: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Topical drug administration to the oral mucosa proves to be a promising treatment alternative for inflammatory diseases. However, disease-related changes in the cell barrier must be considered when developing such delivery systems. This study aimed at investigating the changes in the lining mucosa caused by inflammation and evaluating the consequences on drug delivery systems such as nanostructured lipid carriers (NLC). For this, TR146 cells were treated with inflammatory cytokines and bacterial components. Cell viability and integrity, reactive oxygen species (ROS), and interleukin (IL)-8 release were used as endpoints to assess inflammation. Translocation of phosphatidylserine, cytoskeletal arrangement, opening of desmosomes, and cell proliferation were examined. Transport studies with NLC were performed considering active and passive pathways. The results showed that IL-1ß and tumor necrosis factor α induced inflammation by increasing IL-8 and ROS production (22-fold and 2-fold). Morphologically, loss of cell–cell connections and formation of stress fibers and hyperplasia were observed. The charge of the cell membrane shifted from neutral to negative, which increased the absorption of NLC due to the repulsive interactions between the hydrophobic negative particles and the cell membrane on the one hand, and interactions with lipophilic membrane proteins such as caveolin on the other.
Collapse
|
50
|
Girisa S, Kumar A, Rana V, Parama D, Daimary UD, Warnakulasuriya S, Kumar AP, Kunnumakkara AB. From Simple Mouth Cavities to Complex Oral Mucosal Disorders-Curcuminoids as a Promising Therapeutic Approach. ACS Pharmacol Transl Sci 2021; 4:647-665. [PMID: 33860191 PMCID: PMC8033761 DOI: 10.1021/acsptsci.1c00017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Oral diseases are among the most common encountered health issues worldwide, which are usually associated with anomalies of the oral cavity, jaws, and salivary glands. Despite the availability of numerous treatment modalities for oral disorders, a limited clinical response has been observed because of the inefficacy of the drugs and countless adverse side effects. Therefore, the development of safe, efficacious, and wide-spectrum therapeutics is imperative in the battle against oral diseases. Curcumin, extracted from the golden spice turmeric, is a well-known natural polyphenol that has been extensively studied for its broad pleiotropic attributes and its ability to modulate multiple biological processes. It is well-documented to target pro-inflammatory mediators like NF-κB, ROS, COX-2, IL-1, IL-2, TGF-β, growth factors, apoptotic proteins, receptors, and various kinases. These properties make curcumin a promising nutraceutical in the treatment of many oral diseases like oral submucous fibrosis, oral mucositis, oral leukoplakia, oral erythroplakia, oral candidiasis, aphthous stomatitis, oral lichen planus, dental caries, periodontitis, and gingivitis. Numerous in vitro and in vivo studies have shown that curcumin alleviates the symptoms of most of the oral complications, including the inhibition of the progression of oral cancer. In this regard, many clinical trials have been completed, and many are ongoing to investigate the "curcumin effect" in oral maladies. Therefore, the current review delineates the mechanistic framework of curcumin's propensity in curbing oral diseases and present outcomes of the clinical trials of curcumin-based therapeutics that can provide a breakthrough in the clinical management of these diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sosmitha Girisa
- Cancer
Biology Laboratory and DBT-AIST International Center for Translational
and Environmental Research (DAICENTER), Department of Biosciences
and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of
Technology (IIT) Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam 781039, India
| | - Aviral Kumar
- Cancer
Biology Laboratory and DBT-AIST International Center for Translational
and Environmental Research (DAICENTER), Department of Biosciences
and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of
Technology (IIT) Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam 781039, India
| | - Varsha Rana
- Cancer
Biology Laboratory and DBT-AIST International Center for Translational
and Environmental Research (DAICENTER), Department of Biosciences
and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of
Technology (IIT) Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam 781039, India
| | - Dey Parama
- Cancer
Biology Laboratory and DBT-AIST International Center for Translational
and Environmental Research (DAICENTER), Department of Biosciences
and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of
Technology (IIT) Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam 781039, India
| | - Uzini Devi Daimary
- Cancer
Biology Laboratory and DBT-AIST International Center for Translational
and Environmental Research (DAICENTER), Department of Biosciences
and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of
Technology (IIT) Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam 781039, India
| | - Saman Warnakulasuriya
- Department
of Oral Medicine, King’s College
London and WHO Collaborating Centre for Oral Cancer and Precancer, London WC2R 2LS, United Kingdom
| | - Alan Prem Kumar
- Medical
Science Cluster, Cancer Translational Research Programme, Yong Loo
Lin School of Medicine, National University
of Singapore, Singapore 117600, Singapore
- Cancer
Science Institute of Singapore, National
University of Singapore, Singapore 117600, Singapore
- National
University Cancer Institute, National University
Health Systems, Singapore 117600, Singapore
| | - Ajaikumar B. Kunnumakkara
- Cancer
Biology Laboratory and DBT-AIST International Center for Translational
and Environmental Research (DAICENTER), Department of Biosciences
and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of
Technology (IIT) Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam 781039, India
| |
Collapse
|