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Zhao K, Wu C, Li X, Niu M, Wu D, Cui X, Zhao H. From mechanism to therapy: the journey of CD24 in cancer. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1401528. [PMID: 38881902 PMCID: PMC11176514 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1401528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024] Open
Abstract
CD24 is a glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored protein that is expressed in a wide range of tissues and cell types. It is involved in a variety of physiological and pathological processes, including cell adhesion, migration, differentiation, and apoptosis. Additionally, CD24 has been studied extensively in the context of cancer, where it has been found to play a role in tumor growth, invasion, and metastasis. In recent years, there has been growing interest in CD24 as a potential therapeutic target for cancer treatment. This review summarizes the current knowledge of CD24, including its structure, function, and its role in cancer. Finally, we provide insights into potential clinical application of CD24 and discuss possible approaches for the development of targeted cancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Caifeng Wu
- Department of Hand and Foot, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Xiangjun Li
- Department of Breast Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Mengchao Niu
- Department of Operation Room, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Dan Wu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Xiaofeng Cui
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Hai Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
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Yu Y, Yang X, Hu G, Yin Y, Yu R. Causal effects of 731 immune cell phenotypes on autism spectrum disorder: a Mendelian randomization study. Front Psychiatry 2024; 15:1397006. [PMID: 38827447 PMCID: PMC11140572 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1397006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective The role of different immune cells in autism spectrum disorders (ASD) is still controversial. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the causal effects of different immune cell phenotypes on ASD via Mendelian randomization (MR). Methods Datasets of immune cell phenotypes were obtained from the European Bioinformatics Institute, and datasets of ASD were obtained from the IEU Open GWAS project. Single nucleotide polymorphisms were selected based on the assumptions of association, independence, and exclusivity. Inverse variance weighted was utilized as the main method for MR analysis. MR-Egger was employed to assess the horizontal pleiotropy of the results. Cochran's Q and leave-one-out method were used for heterogeneity analysis and sensitivity analysis of the results, respectively. Results MR analysis showed that TD CD8br AC [odds ratio (OR), 1.137; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.031-1.254; p = 0.010], CD8br %leukocyte (OR, 1.142; 95% CI, 1.067-1.223; p < 0.001), CD8br and CD8dim %leukocyte (OR, 1.117; 95% CI, 1.032-1.210; p = 0.006), naive CD8br %T cell (OR, 1.052; 95% CI, 1.004-1.104; p = 0.035), CD28- CD8dim %T cell (OR, 1.097; 95% CI, 1.038-1.158; p < 0.001), CD127- CD8br AC (OR, 1.086; 95% CI, 1.006-1.171; p = 0.034), CD45 on CD8br (OR, 1.059; 95% CI, 1.021-1.099; p = 0.002), CD3 on HLA DR+ CD8br (OR, 1.098; 95% CI, 1.041-1.158; p < 0.001), CD4 on activated Treg (OR, 1.048; 95% CI, 1.001-1.096; p = 0.046), CD3 on CD39+ resting Treg (OR, 1.070; 95% CI, 1.012-1.131; p = 0.018), IgD+ CD38- %lymphocyte (OR, 1.103; 95% CI, 1.023-1.190; p = 0.011), CD62L- plasmacytoid DC %DC (OR, 1.046; 95% CI, 1.001-1.093; p = 0.046), and FSC-A on plasmacytoid DC (OR, 1.075; 95% CI, 1.003-1.153; p = 0.042) were associated with increased genetic susceptibility to ASD. MR-Egger displayed no horizontal pleiotropy (p ≥ 0.05). Cochran's Q revealed no heterogeneity of results (p ≥ 0.05). Sensitivity analysis indicated that the results were robust. Conclusion This MR analysis revealed 13 immune cell phenotypes associated with increased genetic susceptibility to ASD and emphasized the importance of CD8 T cells and Tregs, which provides new directions for the pathogenesis and drug research of ASD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunfeng Yu
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xinyu Yang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Gang Hu
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yuman Yin
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Rong Yu
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
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da Silva GB, de Carvalho Braga G, Simões JLB, Kempka AP, Bagatini MD. Cytokine storm in human monkeypox: A possible involvement of purinergic signaling. Cytokine 2024; 177:156560. [PMID: 38447385 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2024.156560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Revised: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
Some evidence has indicated that monkeypox can induce a cytokine storm. Purinergic signaling is a cell pathway related to the cytokine storm. However, the precise mechanisms that lead to cytokine storms in monkeypox infections and the possible involvement of purinergic signaling in the immune response to this virus remain unknown. In this review article, we aimed to highlight a body of scientific evidence that consolidates the role of the cytokine storm in monkeypox infection and proposes a new hypothesis regarding the roles of purinergic signaling in this immune-mediated mechanism. We further suggested some purinergic signaling modulators to mitigate the deleterious and aggravating effects of immune dysregulation in human monkeypox virus infection by inhibiting P2X3, P2X7, P2Y2, and P2Y12, reducing inflammation, and activating A1 and A2A receptors to promote an anti-inflammatory response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gilnei Bruno da Silva
- Multicentric Postgraduate Program in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, State University of Santa Catarina, Lages, SC, Brazil.
| | | | | | - Aniela Pinto Kempka
- Multicentric Postgraduate Program in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, State University of Santa Catarina, Lages, SC, Brazil
| | - Margarete Dulce Bagatini
- Multicentric Postgraduate Program in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, State University of Santa Catarina, Lages, SC, Brazil; Postgraduate Program in Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of Fronteira Sul, Chapecó, SC, Brazil.
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4
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Wixler V, Leite Dantas R, Varga G, Boergeling Y, Ludwig S. Small Spleen Peptides (SSPs) Shape Dendritic Cell Differentiation through Modulation of Extracellular ATP Synthesis Profile. Biomolecules 2024; 14:469. [PMID: 38672485 PMCID: PMC11047987 DOI: 10.3390/biom14040469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2024] [Revised: 04/07/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Restoring peripheral immune tolerance is crucial for addressing autoimmune diseases. An ancient mechanism in maintaining the balance between inflammation and tolerance is the ratio of extracellular ATP (exATP) and adenosine. Our previous research demonstrated the effectiveness of small spleen peptides (SSPs) in inhibiting psoriatic arthritis progression, even in the presence of the pro-inflammatory cytokine TNFα, by transforming dendritic cells (DCs) into tolerogenic cells and fostering regulatory Foxp3+ Treg cells. Here, we identified thymosins as the primary constituents of SSPs, but recombinant thymosin peptides were less efficient in inhibiting arthritis than SSPs. Since Tβ4 is an ecto-ATPase-binding protein, we hypothesized that SSPs regulate exATP profiles. Real-time investigation of exATP levels in DCs revealed that tolerogenic stimulation led to robust de novo exATP synthesis followed by significant degradation, while immunogenic stimulation resulted in a less pronounced increase in exATP and less effective degradation. These contrasting exATP profiles were crucial in determining whether DCs entered an inflammatory or tolerogenic state, highlighting the significance of SSPs as natural regulators of peripheral immunological tolerance, with potential therapeutic benefits for autoimmune diseases. Finally, we demonstrated that the tolerogenic phenotype of SSPs is mainly influenced by adenosine receptors, and in vivo administration of SSPs inhibits psoriatic skin inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viktor Wixler
- Institute of Molecular Virology, Center for Molecular Biology of Inflammation (ZMBE), Westfaelische Wilhelms-University, Von-Esmarch-Str. 56, 48149 Muenster, Germany; (R.L.D.); (Y.B.); (S.L.)
| | - Rafael Leite Dantas
- Institute of Molecular Virology, Center for Molecular Biology of Inflammation (ZMBE), Westfaelische Wilhelms-University, Von-Esmarch-Str. 56, 48149 Muenster, Germany; (R.L.D.); (Y.B.); (S.L.)
| | - Georg Varga
- Department of Pediatric Rheumatology and Immunology, University Children’s Hospital Muenster, 48149 Muenster, Germany;
| | - Yvonne Boergeling
- Institute of Molecular Virology, Center for Molecular Biology of Inflammation (ZMBE), Westfaelische Wilhelms-University, Von-Esmarch-Str. 56, 48149 Muenster, Germany; (R.L.D.); (Y.B.); (S.L.)
| | - Stephan Ludwig
- Institute of Molecular Virology, Center for Molecular Biology of Inflammation (ZMBE), Westfaelische Wilhelms-University, Von-Esmarch-Str. 56, 48149 Muenster, Germany; (R.L.D.); (Y.B.); (S.L.)
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Luo C, Liu X, Liu Y, Shao H, Gao J, Tao J. Upregulation of CD39 During Gout Attacks Promotes Spontaneous Remission of Acute Gouty Inflammation. Inflammation 2024; 47:664-677. [PMID: 38055119 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-023-01936-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Revised: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
Gout is a self-limiting form of inflammatory arthropathy caused by the formation of urate crystals due to hyperuricemia. The resolution of gout involves the transition of proinflammatory M1-type macrophages to anti-inflammatory M2-type macrophages, as well as neutrophil-mediated extracellular trap (NET) formation. However, the underlying mechanisms of these changes are not clear. Studies have confirmed that high expression of CD39 on macrophages and neutrophils can trigger the polarization of macrophages from a proinflammatory state to an anti-inflammatory state. Recent studies have shown that the pathogenesis of gout involves extracellular ATP (eATP), and the synergistic effect of MSU and extracellular ATP can cause gout. CD39 is a kind of ATP hydrolysis enzyme that can degrade eATP, suggesting that CD39 may inhibit the aggravation of inflammation in gout and participate in the remission mechanism of gout. To confirm this hypothesis, using data mining and flow cytometry, we first found that CD39 expression was significantly upregulated on CD14 + monocytes and neutrophils in gout patients during the acute phase. Inhibition of CD39 by lentivirus or a CD39 inhibitor in acute gout models aggravated gouty arthritis and delayed gout remission. Apyrase, a functional analog of CD39, can significantly reduce the inflammatory response and promote gout remission in acute gout model mice. Our findings confirm that the upregulation of CD39 during gout flare-ups promotes spontaneous remission of acute gouty inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengyu Luo
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China (USTC), University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230001, People's Republic of China
| | - Xingyue Liu
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China (USTC), University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230001, People's Republic of China
| | - Yiming Liu
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China (USTC), University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230001, People's Republic of China
| | - Huijun Shao
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Affiliated Provincial Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230001, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Gao
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China (USTC), University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230001, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinhui Tao
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China (USTC), University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230001, People's Republic of China.
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Affiliated Provincial Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230001, People's Republic of China.
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Isaacs JF, Degefu HN, Chen T, Kleist SA, Musial SC, Ford MA, Searles TG, Lin CC, Skorput AGJ, Shirai K, Turk MJ, Zanazzi GJ, Rosato PC. CD39 is expressed on functional effector and tissue resident memory CD8+ T cells. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.03.15.585252. [PMID: 38559200 PMCID: PMC10980075 DOI: 10.1101/2024.03.15.585252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
The ecto-ATPase CD39 is expressed on exhausted CD8+ T cells in chronic viral infection and has been proposed as a marker of tumor-specific CD8+ T cells in cancer, but the role of CD39 in an effector and memory T cell response has not been clearly defined. We report that CD39 is expressed on antigen-specific CD8+ short-lived effector cells (SLECs), while it's co-ecto-enzyme, CD73, is found on memory precursor effector cells (MPEC) in vivo . Inhibition of CD39 enzymatic activity during in vitro T cell priming enhances MPEC differentiation in vivo after transfer and infection. The enriched MPEC phenotype is associated with enhanced tissue resident memory (T RM ) establishment in the brain and salivary gland following an acute intranasal viral infection, suggesting that CD39 ATPase activity plays a role in memory CD8+ T cell differentiation. We also show that CD39 is expressed on human and murine T RM across several non-lymphoid tissues and melanoma, while CD73 is expressed on both circulating and resident memory subsets in mice. In contrast to exhausted CD39+ T cells in chronic infection, CD39+ T RM are fully functional when stimulated ex vivo with cognate antigen. This work further expands the identity of CD39 beyond a T cell exhaustion marker.
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7
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Madera‐Sandoval RL, Cérbulo‐Vázquez A, Arriaga‐Pizano LA, Cabrera‐Rivera GL, Basilio‐Gálvez E, Miranda‐Cruz PE, García de la Rosa MT, Prieto‐Chávez JL, Rivero‐Arredondo SV, Cruz‐Cruz A, Rodríguez‐Hernández D, Salazar‐Ríos ME, Salazar‐Ríos E, Serrano‐Molina ED, De Lira‐Barraza RC, Villanueva‐Compean AH, Esquivel‐Pineda A, Ramírez‐Montes de Oca R, Unzueta‐Marta O, Flores‐Padilla G, Anda‐Garay JC, Sánchez‐Hurtado LA, Calleja‐Alarcón S, Romero‐Gutiérrez L, Torres‐Rosas R, Bonifaz LC, Pelayo R, Márquez‐Márquez E, López‐Macías CIIIR, Ferat‐Osorio E. Potential biomarkers for fatal outcome prognosis in a cohort of hospitalized COVID-19 patients with pre-existing comorbidities. Clin Transl Sci 2023; 16:2687-2699. [PMID: 37873554 PMCID: PMC10719476 DOI: 10.1111/cts.13663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Revised: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/01/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The difficulty in predicting fatal outcomes in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) impacts the general morbidity and mortality due to severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus 2 infection, as it wears out the hospital services that care for these patients. Unfortunately, in several of the candidates for prognostic biomarkers proposed, the predictive power is compromised when patients have pre-existing comorbidities. A cohort of 147 patients hospitalized for severe COVID-19 was included in a descriptive, observational, single-center, and prospective study. Patients were recruited during the first COVID-19 pandemic wave (April-November 2020). Data were collected from the clinical history whereas immunophenotyping by multiparameter flow cytometry analysis allowed us to assess the expression of surface markers on peripheral leucocyte. Patients were grouped according to the outcome in survivors or non-survivors. The prognostic value of leucocyte, cytokines or HLA-DR, CD39, and CD73 was calculated. Hypertension and chronic renal failure but not obesity and diabetes were conditions more frequent among the deceased patient group. Mixed hypercytokinemia, including inflammatory (IL-6) and anti-inflammatory (IL-10) cytokines, was more evident in deceased patients. In the deceased patient group, lymphopenia with a higher neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) value was present. HLA-DR expression and the percentage of CD39+ cells were higher than non-COVID-19 patients but remained similar despite the outcome. Receiver operating characteristic analysis and cutoff value of NLR (69.6%, 9.4), percentage NLR (pNLR; 71.1%, 13.6), and IL-6 (79.7%, 135.2 pg/mL). The expression of HLA-DR, CD39, and CD73, as many serum cytokines (other than IL-6) and chemokines levels do not show prognostic potential, were compared to NLR and pNLR values.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruth Lizzeth Madera‐Sandoval
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Inmunoquímica, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXIInstituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS)Ciudad de MéxicoMexico
| | | | - Lourdes Andrea Arriaga‐Pizano
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Inmunoquímica, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXIInstituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS)Ciudad de MéxicoMexico
| | - Graciela Libier Cabrera‐Rivera
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Inmunoquímica, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXIInstituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS)Ciudad de MéxicoMexico
- Posgrado en InmunologíaInstituto Politécnico NacionalCiudad de MéxicoMexico
| | - Edna Basilio‐Gálvez
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Inmunoquímica, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXIInstituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS)Ciudad de MéxicoMexico
- Posgrado de Ciencias Químicobiológicas, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias BiológicasInstituto Politécnico NacionalCiudad de MéxicoMexico
| | - Patricia Esther Miranda‐Cruz
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Inmunoquímica, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXIInstituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS)Ciudad de MéxicoMexico
| | - María Teresa García de la Rosa
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Inmunoquímica, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXIInstituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS)Ciudad de MéxicoMexico
- Posgrado en InmunologíaInstituto Politécnico NacionalCiudad de MéxicoMexico
| | - Jessica Lashkmin Prieto‐Chávez
- Centro de Instrumentos, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXIInstituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS)Ciudad de MéxicoMexico
| | - Silvia Vanessa Rivero‐Arredondo
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Inmunoquímica, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXIInstituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS)Ciudad de MéxicoMexico
| | - Alonso Cruz‐Cruz
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Inmunoquímica, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXIInstituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS)Ciudad de MéxicoMexico
| | - Daniela Rodríguez‐Hernández
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Inmunoquímica, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXIInstituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS)Ciudad de MéxicoMexico
| | - María Eugenia Salazar‐Ríos
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Inmunoquímica, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXIInstituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS)Ciudad de MéxicoMexico
| | - Enrique Salazar‐Ríos
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Inmunoquímica, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXIInstituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS)Ciudad de MéxicoMexico
| | - Esli David Serrano‐Molina
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Inmunoquímica, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXIInstituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS)Ciudad de MéxicoMexico
| | | | | | - Alejandra Esquivel‐Pineda
- Medicina Interna, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXIInstituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS)Ciudad de MéxicoMexico
| | - Rubén Ramírez‐Montes de Oca
- Medicina Interna, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXIInstituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS)Ciudad de MéxicoMexico
| | - Omar Unzueta‐Marta
- Medicina Interna, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXIInstituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS)Ciudad de MéxicoMexico
| | - Guillermo Flores‐Padilla
- Medicina Interna, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXIInstituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS)Ciudad de MéxicoMexico
| | - Juan Carlos Anda‐Garay
- Medicina Interna, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXIInstituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS)Ciudad de MéxicoMexico
| | - Luis Alejandro Sánchez‐Hurtado
- Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos, UMAE Hospital de Especialidades, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXIInstituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS)Ciudad de MéxicoMexico
| | - Salvador Calleja‐Alarcón
- Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos, UMAE Hospital de Especialidades, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXIInstituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS)Ciudad de MéxicoMexico
| | - Laura Romero‐Gutiérrez
- Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos, UMAE Hospital de Especialidades, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXIInstituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS)Ciudad de MéxicoMexico
| | - Rafael Torres‐Rosas
- Laboratorio de Inmunología, Centro de Estudios en Ciencias de la Salud y la Enfermedad, Facultad de OdontologíaUniversidad Autónoma “Benito Juárez” de Oaxaca (UABJO)Oaxaca de JuárezMexico
| | - Laura C. Bonifaz
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Inmunoquímica, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXIInstituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS)Ciudad de MéxicoMexico
- Coordinación de Investigación en Salud, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXIInstituto Mexicano del Seguro SocialCiudad de MéxicoMexico
| | - Rosana Pelayo
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica de OrienteIMSSPueblaMexico
- Unidad de Educación e Investigación, IMSSCiudad de MéxicoMexico
| | | | | | - Eduardo Ferat‐Osorio
- Coordinación de Investigación en Salud, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXIInstituto Mexicano del Seguro SocialCiudad de MéxicoMexico
- División de Investigación en Salud, UMAE Hospital de Especialidades, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXIInstituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS)Ciudad de MéxicoMexico
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Schulman ES, Nishi H, Pelleg A. Degranulation of human mast cells: modulation by P2 receptors' agonists. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1216580. [PMID: 37868982 PMCID: PMC10585249 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1216580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Since the late 1970s, there has been an alarming increase in the incidence of asthma and its morbidity and mortality. Acute obstruction and inflammation of allergic asthmatic airways are frequently caused by inhalation of exogenous substances such as allergens cross-linking IgE receptors expressed on the surface of the human lung mast cells (HLMC). The degree of constriction of human airways produced by identical amounts of inhaled allergens may vary from day to day and even hour to hour. Endogenous factors in the human mast cell (HMC)'s microenvironment during allergen exposure may markedly modulate the degranulation response. An increase in allergic responsiveness may significantly enhance bronchoconstriction and breathlessness. This review focuses on the role that the ubiquitous endogenous purine nucleotide, extracellular adenosine 5'-triphosphate (ATP), which is a component of the damage-associated molecular patterns, plays in mast cells' physiology. ATP activates P2 purinergic cell-surface receptors (P2R) to trigger signaling cascades resulting in heightened inflammatory responses. ATP is the most potent enhancer of IgE-mediated HLMC degranulation described to date. Current knowledge of ATP as it relates to targeted receptor(s) on HMC along with most recent studies exploring HMC post-receptor activation pathways are discussed. In addition, the reviewed studies may explain why brief, minimal exposures to allergens (e.g., dust, cat, mouse, and grass) can unpredictably lead to intense clinical reactions. Furthermore, potential therapeutic approaches targeting ATP-related enhancement of allergic reactions are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edward S. Schulman
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Allergy, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Haruhisa Nishi
- Department of Pharmacology, Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Amir Pelleg
- Danmir Therapeutics, LLC, Haverford, PA, United States
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de Silva TA, Apte S, Voisey J, Spann K, Tan M, Divithotawela C, Chambers D, O’Sullivan B. Single-Cell Profiling of Cells in the Lung of a Patient with Chronic Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis Reveals Inflammatory Niche with Abundant CD39+ T Cells with Functional ATPase Phenotype: A Case Study. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:14442. [PMID: 37833889 PMCID: PMC10572861 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241914442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Revised: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
This study investigated immune cell characteristics in chronic hypersensitivity pneumonitis (HP), focusing on CD39-expressing cells' impact on inflammation and tissue remodelling. Lung tissue from an HP patient was analysed using single-cell transcriptomics, flow cytometry, and gene expression profiling. The tissue revealed diverse cell types like macrophages, T cells, fibroblasts, and regulatory T cells (Tregs). CD39-expressing Tregs exhibited heightened ATP hydrolysis capacity and regulatory gene expression. CD39hi cells displayed markers of both Tregs and proinflammatory Th17 cells, suggesting transitional properties. Communication networks involving molecules like SPP1, collagen, CSF1, and IL-1β were identified, hinting at interactions between cell types in HP pathogenesis. This research provides insights into the immune response and cell interactions in chronic HP. CD39-expressing cells dual nature as Tregs and Th17 cells suggests a role in modulating lung inflammation, potentially affecting disease progression. These findings lay the groundwork for further research, underscoring CD39-expressing cells as potential therapeutic targets in HP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tharushi Ayanthika de Silva
- Centre for Genomics and Personalised Health, Faculty of Health, School of Biomedical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, QLD 4000, Australia
- Queensland Lung Transplant Service, Ground Floor, Clinical Sciences Building, The Prince Charles Hospital, Rode Road, Chermside, Brisbane, QLD 4000, Australia
| | - Simon Apte
- Queensland Lung Transplant Service, Ground Floor, Clinical Sciences Building, The Prince Charles Hospital, Rode Road, Chermside, Brisbane, QLD 4000, Australia
- Facility of Clinical Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4000, Australia
| | - Joanne Voisey
- Centre for Genomics and Personalised Health, Faculty of Health, School of Biomedical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, QLD 4000, Australia
| | - Kirsten Spann
- Centre for Immunology and Infection Control, Faculty of Health, School of Biomedical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, QLD 4000, Australia
| | - Maxine Tan
- Queensland Lung Transplant Service, Ground Floor, Clinical Sciences Building, The Prince Charles Hospital, Rode Road, Chermside, Brisbane, QLD 4000, Australia
- Facility of Clinical Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4000, Australia
| | - Chandima Divithotawela
- Queensland Lung Transplant Service, Ground Floor, Clinical Sciences Building, The Prince Charles Hospital, Rode Road, Chermside, Brisbane, QLD 4000, Australia
| | - Daniel Chambers
- Centre for Genomics and Personalised Health, Faculty of Health, School of Biomedical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, QLD 4000, Australia
- Queensland Lung Transplant Service, Ground Floor, Clinical Sciences Building, The Prince Charles Hospital, Rode Road, Chermside, Brisbane, QLD 4000, Australia
- Facility of Clinical Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4000, Australia
| | - Brendan O’Sullivan
- Centre for Genomics and Personalised Health, Faculty of Health, School of Biomedical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, QLD 4000, Australia
- Queensland Lung Transplant Service, Ground Floor, Clinical Sciences Building, The Prince Charles Hospital, Rode Road, Chermside, Brisbane, QLD 4000, Australia
- Facility of Clinical Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4000, Australia
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10
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Sharon S, Daher-Ghanem N, Zaid D, Gough MJ, Kravchenko-Balasha N. The immunogenic radiation and new players in immunotherapy and targeted therapy for head and neck cancer. FRONTIERS IN ORAL HEALTH 2023; 4:1180869. [PMID: 37496754 PMCID: PMC10366623 DOI: 10.3389/froh.2023.1180869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Although treatment modalities for head and neck cancer have evolved considerably over the past decades, survival rates have plateaued. The treatment options remained limited to definitive surgery, surgery followed by fractionated radiotherapy with optional chemotherapy, and a definitive combination of fractionated radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Lately, immunotherapy has been introduced as the fourth modality of treatment, mainly administered as a single checkpoint inhibitor for recurrent or metastatic disease. While other regimens and combinations of immunotherapy and targeted therapy are being tested in clinical trials, adapting the appropriate regimens to patients and predicting their outcomes have yet to reach the clinical setting. Radiotherapy is mainly regarded as a means to target cancer cells while minimizing the unwanted peripheral effect. Radiotherapy regimens and fractionation are designed to serve this purpose, while the systemic effect of radiation on the immune response is rarely considered a factor while designing treatment. To bridge this gap, this review will highlight the effect of radiotherapy on the tumor microenvironment locally, and the immune response systemically. We will review the methodology to identify potential targets for therapy in the tumor microenvironment and the scientific basis for combining targeted therapy and radiotherapy. We will describe a current experience in preclinical models to test these combinations and propose how challenges in this realm may be faced. We will review new players in targeted therapy and their utilization to drive immunogenic response against head and neck cancer. We will outline the factors contributing to head and neck cancer heterogeneity and their effect on the response to radiotherapy. We will review in-silico methods to decipher intertumoral and intratumoral heterogeneity and how these algorithms can predict treatment outcomes. We propose that (a) the sequence of surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and targeted therapy should be designed not only to annul cancer directly, but to prime the immune response. (b) Fractionation of radiotherapy and the extent of the irradiated field should facilitate systemic immunity to develop. (c) New players in targeted therapy should be evaluated in translational studies toward clinical trials. (d) Head and neck cancer treatment should be personalized according to patients and tumor-specific factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shay Sharon
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hadassah Medical Center, Faculty of Dental Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
- The Institute of Biomedical and Oral Research, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Boston University and Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Narmeen Daher-Ghanem
- The Institute of Biomedical and Oral Research, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Deema Zaid
- The Institute of Biomedical and Oral Research, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Michael J. Gough
- Earle A. Chiles Research Institute, Robert W. Franz Cancer Center, Providence Portland Medical Center, Portland, OR, United States
| | - Nataly Kravchenko-Balasha
- The Institute of Biomedical and Oral Research, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
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11
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Liu Y, Li Z, Zhao X, Xiao J, Bi J, Li XY, Chen G, Lu L. Review immune response of targeting CD39 in cancer. Biomark Res 2023; 11:63. [PMID: 37287049 DOI: 10.1186/s40364-023-00500-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The ATP-adenosine pathway has emerged as a promising target for cancer therapy, but challenges remain in achieving effective tumor control. Early research focused on blocking the adenosine generating enzyme CD73 and the adenosine receptors A2AR or A2BR in cancer. However, recent studies have shown that targeting CD39, the rate-limiting ecto-enzyme of the ATP-adenosine pathway, can provide more profound anti-tumor efficacy by reducing immune-suppressive adenosine accumulation and increasing pro-inflammatory ATP levels. In addition, combining CD39 blocking antibody with PD-1 immune checkpoint therapy may have synergistic anti-tumor effects and improve patient survival. This review will discuss the immune components that respond to CD39 targeting in the tumor microenvironment. Targeting CD39 in cancer has been shown to not only decrease adenosine levels in the tumor microenvironment (TME), but also increase ATP levels. Additionally, targeting CD39 can limit the function of Treg cells, which are known to express high levels of CD39. With phase I clinical trials of CD39 targeting currently underway, further understanding and rational design of this approach for cancer therapy are expected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Interventional Diagnosis and Treatment, Zhuhai People's Hospital, Zhuhai Hospital Affiliated with Jinan University, Zhuhai, 519000, Guangdong, P.R. China
| | - Zhongliang Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Interventional Diagnosis and Treatment, Zhuhai People's Hospital, Zhuhai Hospital Affiliated with Jinan University, Zhuhai, 519000, Guangdong, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoguang Zhao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Interventional Diagnosis and Treatment, Zhuhai People's Hospital, Zhuhai Hospital Affiliated with Jinan University, Zhuhai, 519000, Guangdong, P.R. China
| | - Jing Xiao
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau, China
| | - Jiacheng Bi
- CAS Key Laboratory of Quantitative Engineering Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xian-Yang Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Interventional Diagnosis and Treatment, Zhuhai People's Hospital, Zhuhai Hospital Affiliated with Jinan University, Zhuhai, 519000, Guangdong, P.R. China.
- Department of R&D, OriCell Therapeutics Co. Ltd, No.1227, Zhangheng Rd, Pudong, Shanghai, China.
| | - Guokai Chen
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau, China.
| | - Ligong Lu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Interventional Diagnosis and Treatment, Zhuhai People's Hospital, Zhuhai Hospital Affiliated with Jinan University, Zhuhai, 519000, Guangdong, P.R. China.
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12
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Li C, Zhang L, Jin Q, Jiang H, Wu C. CD39 (ENTPD1) in tumors: a potential therapeutic target and prognostic biomarker. Biomark Med 2023; 17:563-576. [PMID: 37713234 DOI: 10.2217/bmm-2023-0202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/16/2023] Open
Abstract
As a regulator of the dynamic balance between immune-activated extracellular ATP and immunosuppressive adenosine, CD39 ectonucleotidase impairs the ability of immune cells to exert anticancer immunity and plays an important role in the immune escape of tumor cells within the tumor microenvironment. In addition, CD39 has been studied in cancer patients to evaluate the prognosis, the efficacy of immunotherapy (e.g., PD-1 blockade) and the prediction of recurrence. This article reviews the importance of CD39 in tumor immunology, summarizes the preclinical evidence on targeting CD39 to treat tumors and focuses on the potential of CD39 as a biomarker to evaluate the prognosis and the response to immune checkpoint inhibitors in tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cuicui Li
- Department of Hematology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Litian Zhang
- Department of Hematology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Qiqi Jin
- Department of Hematology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Haoyun Jiang
- Department of Hematology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Chongyang Wu
- Department of Hematology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, 730000, China
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13
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Forstner D, Guettler J, Brugger BA, Lyssy F, Neuper L, Daxboeck C, Cvirn G, Fuchs J, Kraeker K, Frolova A, Valdes DS, Stern C, Hirschmugl B, Fluhr H, Wadsack C, Huppertz B, Nonn O, Herse F, Gauster M. CD39 abrogates platelet-derived factors induced IL-1β expression in the human placenta. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1183793. [PMID: 37325567 PMCID: PMC10264854 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1183793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Tissue insults in response to inflammation, hypoxia and ischemia are accompanied by the release of ATP into the extracellular space. There, ATP modulates several pathological processes, including chemotaxis, inflammasome induction and platelet activation. ATP hydrolysis is significantly enhanced in human pregnancy, suggesting that increased conversion of extracellular ATP is an important anti-inflammatory process in preventing exaggerated inflammation, platelet activation and hemostasis in gestation. Extracellular ATP is converted into AMP, and subsequently into adenosine by the two major nucleotide-metabolizing enzymes CD39 and CD73. Here, we aimed to elucidate developmental changes of placental CD39 and CD73 over gestation, compared their expression in placental tissue from patients with preeclampsia and healthy controls, and analyzed their regulation in response to platelet-derived factors and different oxygen conditions in placental explants as well as the trophoblast cell line BeWo. Linear regression analysis showed a significant increase in placental CD39 expression, while at the same time CD73 levels declined at term of pregnancy. Neither maternal smoking during first trimester, fetal sex, maternal age, nor maternal BMI revealed any effects on placental CD39 and CD73 expression. Immunohistochemistry detected both, CD39 and CD73, predominantly in the syncytiotrophoblast layer. Placental CD39 and CD73 expression were significantly increased in pregnancies complicated with preeclampsia, when compared to controls. Cultivation of placental explants under different oxygen conditions had no effect on the ectonucleotidases, whereas presence of platelet releasate from pregnant women led to deregulated CD39 expression. Overexpression of recombinant human CD39 in BeWo cells decreased extracellular ATP levels after culture in presence of platelet-derived factors. Moreover, platelet-derived factors-induced upregulation of the pro-inflammatory cytokine, interleukin-1β, was abolished by CD39 overexpression. Our study shows that placental CD39 is upregulated in preeclampsia, suggesting an increasing demand for extracellular ATP hydrolysis at the utero-placental interface. Increased placental CD39 in response to platelet-derived factors may lead to enhanced conversion of extracellular ATP levels, which in turn could represent an important anti-coagulant defense mechanism of the placenta.
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Affiliation(s)
- Désirée Forstner
- Division of Cell Biology, Histology and Embryology, Gottfried Schatz Research Center, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Jacqueline Guettler
- Division of Cell Biology, Histology and Embryology, Gottfried Schatz Research Center, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Beatrice A. Brugger
- Division of Cell Biology, Histology and Embryology, Gottfried Schatz Research Center, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Freya Lyssy
- Division of Cell Biology, Histology and Embryology, Gottfried Schatz Research Center, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Lena Neuper
- Division of Cell Biology, Histology and Embryology, Gottfried Schatz Research Center, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Christine Daxboeck
- Division of Cell Biology, Histology and Embryology, Gottfried Schatz Research Center, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Gerhard Cvirn
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry, Otto Loewi Research Center, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Julia Fuchs
- Division of Medical Physics and Biophysics, Gottfried Schatz Research Center, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Kristin Kraeker
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center, A Cooperation Between the Max‐Delbrück‐Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association and the Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt‐Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Alina Frolova
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center, A Cooperation Between the Max‐Delbrück‐Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association and the Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Max‐Delbrück‐Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Berlin, Germany
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetic of NASU, Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Daniela S. Valdes
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center, A Cooperation Between the Max‐Delbrück‐Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association and the Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Max‐Delbrück‐Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Berlin, Germany
| | - Christina Stern
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Birgit Hirschmugl
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Herbert Fluhr
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Christian Wadsack
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Berthold Huppertz
- Division of Cell Biology, Histology and Embryology, Gottfried Schatz Research Center, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Olivia Nonn
- Division of Cell Biology, Histology and Embryology, Gottfried Schatz Research Center, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center, A Cooperation Between the Max‐Delbrück‐Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association and the Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Florian Herse
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center, A Cooperation Between the Max‐Delbrück‐Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association and the Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Max‐Delbrück‐Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Berlin, Germany
| | - Martin Gauster
- Division of Cell Biology, Histology and Embryology, Gottfried Schatz Research Center, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
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14
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Shafiei M, Mozhgani SH. Th17/IL-17 Axis in HTLV-1-Associated Myelopathy Tropical Spastic Paraparesis and Multiple Sclerosis: Novel Insights into the Immunity During HAMTSP. Mol Neurobiol 2023; 60:3839-3854. [PMID: 36947318 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-023-03303-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/23/2023]
Abstract
Human T lymphotropic virus-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HTLV/TSP), also known as HTLV-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP), and multiple sclerosis (MS) are chronic debilitating diseases of the central nervous system; although the etiology of which is different, similarities have been observed between these two demyelinating diseases, especially in clinical manifestation and immunopathogenesis. Exorbitant response of the immune system to the virus and neurons in CNS is the causative agent of HAM/TSP and MS, respectively. Helper T lymphocyte-17 cells (Th17s), a component of the immune system, which have a proven role in immunity and autoimmunity, mediate protection against bacterial/fungal infections. The role of these cells has been reviewed in several CNS diseases. A pivotal role for Th17s is presented in demyelination, even more axial than Th1s, during MS. The effect of Th17s is not well determined in HTLV-1-associated infections; however, the evidence that we have supplied in this review illustrates the attendance, also the role of Th17 cells during HAM/TSP. Furthermore, for better conception concerning the trace of these cells in HAM/TSP, a comparative characterization with MS, the resembling disease, has been applied here.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammadreza Shafiei
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
| | - Sayed-Hamidreza Mozhgani
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran.
- Non-communicable Diseases Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran.
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15
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Gao Z, Bai Y, Lin A, Jiang A, Zhou C, Cheng Q, Liu Z, Chen X, Zhang J, Luo P. Gamma delta T-cell-based immune checkpoint therapy: attractive candidate for antitumor treatment. Mol Cancer 2023; 22:31. [PMID: 36793048 PMCID: PMC9930367 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-023-01722-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
As a nontraditional T-cell subgroup, γδT cells have gained popularity in the field of immunotherapy in recent years. They have extraordinary antitumor potential and prospects for clinical application. Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), which are efficacious in tumor patients, have become pioneer drugs in the field of tumor immunotherapy since they were incorporated into clinical practice. In addition, γδT cells that have infiltrated into tumor tissues are found to be in a state of exhaustion or anergy, and there is upregulation of many immune checkpoints (ICs) on their surface, suggesting that γδT cells have a similar ability to respond to ICIs as traditional effector T cells. Studies have shown that targeting ICs can reverse the dysfunctional state of γδT cells in the tumor microenvironment (TME) and exert antitumor effects by improving γδT-cell proliferation and activation and enhancing cytotoxicity. Clarification of the functional state of γδT cells in the TME and the mechanisms underlying their interaction with ICs will solidify ICIs combined with γδT cells as a good treatment option.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhifei Gao
- grid.284723.80000 0000 8877 7471The Department of Oncology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 253 Industrial Avenue, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510282 People’s Republic of China ,grid.284723.80000 0000 8877 7471The Second Clinical Medical School, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510282 People’s Republic of China
| | - Yifeng Bai
- grid.54549.390000 0004 0369 4060The Department of Oncology, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 611731 China
| | - Anqi Lin
- grid.284723.80000 0000 8877 7471The Department of Oncology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 253 Industrial Avenue, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510282 People’s Republic of China
| | - Aimin Jiang
- grid.73113.370000 0004 0369 1660The Department of Urology, Changhai hospital, Naval Medical University (Second Military Medical University), Shanghai, China
| | - Chaozheng Zhou
- grid.284723.80000 0000 8877 7471The Department of Oncology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 253 Industrial Avenue, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510282 People’s Republic of China ,grid.284723.80000 0000 8877 7471The First Clinical Medical School, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Quan Cheng
- grid.216417.70000 0001 0379 7164The Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan China ,grid.216417.70000 0001 0379 7164National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zaoqu Liu
- grid.412633.10000 0004 1799 0733The Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan China
| | - Xin Chen
- The Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
| | - Jian Zhang
- The Department of Oncology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 253 Industrial Avenue, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510282, People's Republic of China.
| | - Peng Luo
- The Department of Oncology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 253 Industrial Avenue, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510282, People's Republic of China.
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16
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Jiang X, Wu X, Xiao Y, Wang P, Zheng J, Wu X, Jin Z. The ectonucleotidases CD39 and CD73 on T cells: The new pillar of hematological malignancy. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1110325. [PMID: 36776866 PMCID: PMC9911447 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1110325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Hematological malignancy develops and applies various mechanisms to induce immune escape, in part through an immunosuppressive microenvironment. Adenosine is an immunosuppressive metabolite produced at high levels within the tumor microenvironment (TME). Adenosine signaling through the A2A receptor expressed on immune cells, such as T cells, potently dampens immune responses. Extracellular adenosine generated by ectonucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase-1 (CD39) and ecto-5'-nucleotidase (CD73) molecules is a newly recognized 'immune checkpoint mediator' and leads to the identification of immunosuppressive adenosine as an essential regulator in hematological malignancies. In this Review, we provide an overview of the detailed distribution and function of CD39 and CD73 ectoenzymes in the TME and the effects of CD39 and CD73 inhibition on preclinical hematological malignancy data, which provides insights into the potential clinical applications for immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Jiang
- Key Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine of Ministry of Education, Institute of Hematology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaofang Wu
- Key Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine of Ministry of Education, Institute of Hematology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuxi Xiao
- Key Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine of Ministry of Education, Institute of Hematology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Penglin Wang
- Key Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine of Ministry of Education, Institute of Hematology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiamian Zheng
- Key Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine of Ministry of Education, Institute of Hematology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiuli Wu
- Key Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine of Ministry of Education, Institute of Hematology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China,*Correspondence: Xiuli Wu, ; Zhenyi Jin,
| | - Zhenyi Jin
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China,*Correspondence: Xiuli Wu, ; Zhenyi Jin,
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17
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Heubeck A, Savage A, Henderson K, Roll C, Hernandez V, Torgerson T, Bumol T, Reading J. Cross-platform immunophenotyping of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells with four high-dimensional flow cytometry panels. Cytometry A 2022. [PMID: 36571245 DOI: 10.1002/cyto.a.24715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Immunophenotyping using high dimensional flow cytometry is a central component of human immune system multi-omic studies. We present four high parameter flow cytometry panels for deep immunophenotyping of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). This set of four 25+ color panels include 64 cell surface markers to resolve broad immune compartment populations, as well as activation and memory of specific T, B, natural killer (NK), and myeloid lineages. Common lineage bridging markers are integrated into each panel to allow for inter-panel quality control through major lineage frequency verification. These panels were developed using a five laser BD Symphony A5 conventional cytometer and successfully transferred to a five laser Cytek Aurora spectral cytometer capable of acquiring the panels. Nine representative PBMC samples were stained with the four phenotyping panels and acquired on both instruments to evaluate population frequency and visual staining patterns for gating between the systems. Both instruments produced comparable high quality flow cytometry data and supported our decision to acquire samples on the spectral cytometer moving forward. This modular set of panels and instrument performance metrics provide guidelines for designing flow cytometry experiments suitable for longitudinal or cross-sectional immune profiling.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Adam Savage
- Allen Institute for Immunology, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | | | - Charles Roll
- Allen Institute for Immunology, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | | | - Troy Torgerson
- Allen Institute for Immunology, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Thomas Bumol
- Allen Institute for Immunology, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Julian Reading
- Allen Institute for Immunology, Seattle, Washington, USA
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18
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Samaan E, Elmaria MO, Khedr D, Gaber T, Elsayed AG, Shenouda RN, Gamal H, Shahin D, Abousamra NK, Shemies R. Characterization of regulatory T cells in SARS-CoV-2 infected hemodialysis patients: relation to clinical and radiological severity. BMC Nephrol 2022; 23:391. [PMID: 36476424 PMCID: PMC9730673 DOI: 10.1186/s12882-022-03024-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Disordered Treg counts and function have been observed in patients with SARS-Cov-2 and are thought to contribute to disease severity. In hemodialysis patients, scarce data are available on the Treg response to SARS-CoV-2 or its relation to the clinical presentation. METHODS A cross-sectional study included one hundred patients divided into three groups, thirty SARS-CoV-2-infected hemodialysis patients (COV-HD), and thirty confirmed SARSCoV-2 infected patients (COV), and forty non-infected hemodialysis patients (HD). Flow cytometric analysis of CD4, CD25, FoxP3, and CD39+ Tregs was done for all patients and tested for correlation to in-hospital mortality, clinical, radiological severity indices. RESULTS COV-HD and COV patients had significantly lower Treg cell count than HD patients (Median value of 0.016 cell/ μl vs 0.28 cell/ μl, respectively- P: 0.001). COV-HD patients had higher CD39+ Tregs (median value of 0.006 cell/ μl vs 0.002 cell/ μl, respectively- P: 0.04). COV-HD patients had significantly lower hospital stay (median value of 3 vs 13 days, P:0.001), ICU admission rates (26.5% vs 46.7%, P:0.005) and in-hospital mortality (20.7% versus 43.3%, P:0.003) than COV patients. Treg and CD39 expressing Treg counts were not correlated to severity indices in both groups. A high neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio is strongly correlated to disease severity in COV-HD patients. CONCLUSIONS This study provides evidence of T-cell, particularly T-regulatory cell decline in SARS-CoV-2 and suggests that hemodialysis per se does not distinctively impact the T-cell response. COV-HD patients exhibited a higher CD39+ Treg count and a better clinical profile, however, larger studies are needed to extrapolate on these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emad Samaan
- grid.10251.370000000103426662Mansoura Nephrology and Dialysis Unit, Internal Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, El Gomhoria St, Mansoura, 35516 Egypt
| | - Marwa O Elmaria
- grid.10251.370000000103426662Chest Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Doaa Khedr
- grid.10251.370000000103426662Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Tamer Gaber
- grid.10251.370000000103426662Mansoura Nephrology and Dialysis Unit, Internal Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, El Gomhoria St, Mansoura, 35516 Egypt
| | - Ahmed G Elsayed
- grid.10251.370000000103426662Medical Microbiology and Immunology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Ragy N Shenouda
- grid.10251.370000000103426662Medical Microbiology and Immunology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Hend Gamal
- grid.10251.370000000103426662Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Doaa Shahin
- grid.10251.370000000103426662Haematology Unit, Clinical Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Nashwa K Abousamra
- grid.10251.370000000103426662Haematology Unit, Clinical Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Rasha Shemies
- grid.10251.370000000103426662Mansoura Nephrology and Dialysis Unit, Internal Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, El Gomhoria St, Mansoura, 35516 Egypt
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Fadaee M, Abbasi H, Maralbashi S, Baradaran B, Shanehbandi D, Dinevari MF, Kazemi T. Docosahexaenoic acid may inhibit immune evasion of colorectal cancer cells through targeting immune checkpoint and immunomodulator genes and their controlling microRNAs. Biofactors 2022; 48:1137-1144. [PMID: 35533068 DOI: 10.1002/biof.1842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer is one of the major concerns in both developed and developing societies. Because of the serious side effects of the current treatments, novel therapy agents have been developed that target immune checkpoint and immunomodulatory molecules in the tumor environment. Therefore, this study investigates the effect of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) fatty acid on the expression of immune checkpoint molecule, PD-L1, and immunomodulatory molecules, CD47 and CD39, and their controlling miRNAs in the colorectal cancer cell lines. Human colorectal cell lines HT-29 and Caco-2 were treated with 100 μM DHA and 50 μM LA for 24 h under the normoxic and hypoxic conditions. Total RNA was extracted and the qRT-PCR was performed to analyze the expression of the studied genes and miRNAs. The western blotting technique was also used for validation. The qRT-PCR results showed that DHA treatment decreased the expression of the PD-L1, CD47, and CD39 genes, but decreases these genes controlling miRNAs, mir-424, mir-133a, and mir-142, respectively. Western blotting analysis demonstrated that PD-L1 protein expression decreased after DHA treatment. LA administration had no inhibitory effect on the studied genes. This study showed that DHA may have anti-cancer properties by downregulation of proteins involved in the immune evasion of colorectal tumors. DHA could be used as a potential immune checkpoint inhibitor for the treatment of colorectal cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manouchehr Fadaee
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Science, Tabriz, Iran
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Science, Tabriz, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Science, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Hajar Abbasi
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sepideh Maralbashi
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Science, Tabriz, Iran
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Science, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Behzad Baradaran
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Science, Tabriz, Iran
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Science, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Dariush Shanehbandi
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Science, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Masood Faghih Dinevari
- Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Science, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Tohid Kazemi
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Science, Tabriz, Iran
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Science, Tabriz, Iran
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20
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Yousefzadeh Y, Soltani-Zangbar MS, Kalafi L, Tarbiat A, Shahmohammadi Farid S, Aghebati-Maleki L, Parhizkar F, Danaii S, Taghavi S, Jadidi-Niaragh F, Samadi Kafil H, Mahmoodpoor A, Ahmadian Heris J, Hojjat-Farsangi M, Yousefi M. Evaluation of CD39, CD73, HIF-1α, and their related miRNAs expression in decidua of preeclampsia cases compared to healthy pregnant women. Mol Biol Rep 2022; 49:10183-10193. [PMID: 36048381 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-022-07887-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Preeclampsia (PE) molecular mechanisms are not fully revealed and different biological processes are involved in the pathogenesis of PE. We aimed to evaluate adenosine and hypoxia-related signaling molecules in PE patients in the current study. METHODS Decidua tissue and peripheral blood samples were taken from 25 healthy pregnant and 25 PE women at delivery time. CD39, CD73, and Hypoxia-inducible factor-alpha (HIF-α) were evaluated in mRNA and protein level using real-time PCR and western blotting techniques, respectively. Also, miR-30a, miR-206, and miR-18a expression were evaluated by real-time PCR. At last, secretion levels of IGF and TGF-β in the taken serum of blood samples were measured by ELISA. RESULTS Our results revealed that Expression of CD39 is decreased in PE cases versus healthy controls at mRNA and protein levels (p = 0.0003 for both). CD73 and HIF-α showed an increased level of expression in PE patients at RNA and protein status (p = 0.0157 and p < 0.0001 for protein evaluation of CD73 and HIF-α, respectively). The miRNA-30a (p = 0.0037) and miR-206 (p = 0.0113) showed elevated expression in the decidua of the PE group. The concentration of secreted IGF-1 (p = 0.0002) and TGF-β (p = 0.0101) in serum samples of PE cases compared to the healthy group were decreased. CONCLUSION In conclusion, our results showed that aberrant expression of molecules that are involved in ATP catabolism and the hypoxic conditions is observed in PE cases and involved in their hypertension and inflammation could be served as PE prognosis by more confirming in comprehensive future studies. miR-206 and miR-30a play a role by regulating CD39 and CD73 as molecules that are involved in ATP catabolism as well as regulating the production of IGF-1 in the process of hypertension, which is the main feature in patients with preeclampsia. On the other hand, decreased level of miR-18a lead to upregulation of HIF-1a, and the consequence condition of hypoxia increases hypertension and inflammation in these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yousef Yousefzadeh
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, PO Box: 516-6615573, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Sadegh Soltani-Zangbar
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, PO Box: 516-6615573, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Ladan Kalafi
- Gynecology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Ali Tarbiat
- Department of Cardiology, Medical Faculty, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Sima Shahmohammadi Farid
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, PO Box: 516-6615573, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Forough Parhizkar
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Shahla Danaii
- Gynecology Department, Eastern Azerbaijan ACECR ART Center, Eastern Azerbaijan Branch of ACECR, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Simin Taghavi
- Women's Reproductive Health Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Farhad Jadidi-Niaragh
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, PO Box: 516-6615573, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Hossein Samadi Kafil
- Drug Applied Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Ata Mahmoodpoor
- Department of Anesthesiology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Javad Ahmadian Heris
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Pediatric Hospital, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hojjat-Farsangi
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Immune and Gene Therapy Lab, Cancer Center Karolinska (CCK), Karolinska University Hospital Solna and Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mehdi Yousefi
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran. .,Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, PO Box: 516-6615573, Tabriz, Iran.
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21
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Zhao H, Song S, Ma J, Yan Z, Xie H, Feng Y, Che S. CD47 as a promising therapeutic target in oncology. Front Immunol 2022; 13:757480. [PMID: 36081498 PMCID: PMC9446754 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.757480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
CD47 is ubiquitously expressed on the surface of cells and plays a critical role in self-recognition. By interacting with SIRPα, TSP-1 and integrins, CD47 modulates cellular phagocytosis by macrophages, determines life span of individual erythrocytes, regulates activation of immune cells, and manipulates synaptic pruning during neuronal development. As such, CD47 has recently be regarded as one of novel innate checkpoint receptor targets for cancer immunotherapy. In this review, we will discuss increasing awareness about the diverse functions of CD47 and its role in immune system homeostasis. Then, we will discuss its potential therapeutic roles against cancer and outlines, the possible future research directions of CD47- based therapeutics against cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Shuangshuang Song
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Junwei Ma
- Department of Neurosurgery, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Zhiyong Yan
- Department of Neurosurgery, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Hongwei Xie
- Department of Neurosurgery, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Ying Feng
- Department of Emergency, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Shusheng Che
- Department of Neurosurgery, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
- *Correspondence: Shusheng Che,
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22
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Boss AL, Damani T, Wickman TJ, Chamley LW, James JL, Brooks AES. Full spectrum flow cytometry reveals mesenchymal heterogeneity in first trimester placentae and phenotypic convergence in culture, providing insight into the origins of placental mesenchymal stromal cells. eLife 2022; 11:76622. [PMID: 35920626 PMCID: PMC9371602 DOI: 10.7554/elife.76622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Single-cell technologies (RNA-sequencing, flow cytometry) are critical tools to reveal how cell heterogeneity impacts developmental pathways. The placenta is a fetal exchange organ, containing a heterogeneous mix of mesenchymal cells (fibroblasts, myofibroblasts, perivascular, and progenitor cells). Placental mesenchymal stromal cells (pMSC) are also routinely isolated, for therapeutic and research purposes. However, our understanding of the diverse phenotypes of placental mesenchymal lineages, and their relationships remain unclear. We designed a 23-colour flow cytometry panel to assess mesenchymal heterogeneity in first-trimester human placentae. Four distinct mesenchymal subsets were identified; CD73+CD90+ mesenchymal cells, CD146+CD271+ perivascular cells, podoplanin+CD36+ stromal cells, and CD26+CD90+ myofibroblasts. CD73+CD90+ and podoplanin + CD36+ cells expressed markers consistent with cultured pMSCs, and were explored further. Despite their distinct ex-vivo phenotype, in culture CD73+CD90+ cells and podoplanin+CD36+ cells underwent phenotypic convergence, losing CD271 or CD36 expression respectively, and homogenously exhibiting a basic MSC phenotype (CD73+CD90+CD31-CD144-CD45-). However, some markers (CD26, CD146) were not impacted, or differentially impacted by culture in different populations. Comparisons of cultured phenotypes to pMSCs further suggested cultured pMSCs originate from podoplanin+CD36+ cells. This highlights the importance of detailed cell phenotyping to optimise therapeutic capacity, and ensure use of relevant cells in functional assays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Leabourn Boss
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Tanvi Damani
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Tayla J Wickman
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Larry W Chamley
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Jo L James
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Anna E S Brooks
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
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23
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Maharaj K, Uriepero A, Sahakian E, Pinilla-Ibarz J. Regulatory T cells (Tregs) in lymphoid malignancies and the impact of novel therapies. Front Immunol 2022; 13:943354. [PMID: 35979372 PMCID: PMC9376239 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.943354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Regulatory T cells (Tregs) are responsible for maintaining immune homeostasis by controlling immune responses. They can be characterized by concomitant expression of FoxP3, CD25 and inhibitory receptors such as PD-1 and CTLA-4. Tregs are key players in preventing autoimmunity and are dysregulated in cancer, where they facilitate tumor immune escape. B-cell lymphoid malignancies are a group of diseases with heterogenous molecular characteristics and clinical course. Treg levels are increased in patients with B-cell lymphoid malignancies and correlate with clinical outcomes. In this review, we discuss studies investigating Treg immunobiology in B-cell lymphoid malignancies, focusing on clinical correlations, mechanisms of accumulation, phenotype, and function. Overarching trends suggest that Tregs can be induced directly by tumor cells and recruited to the tumor microenvironment where they suppress antitumor immunity to facilitate disease progression. Further, we highlight studies showing that Tregs can be modulated by novel therapeutic agents such as immune checkpoint blockade and targeted therapies. Treg disruption by novel therapeutics may beneficially restore immune competence but has been associated with occurrence of adverse events. Strategies to achieve balance between these two outcomes will be paramount in the future to improve therapeutic efficacy and safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamira Maharaj
- Department of Immunology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL, United States
| | - Angimar Uriepero
- Department of Immunology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL, United States
| | - Eva Sahakian
- Department of Immunology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL, United States
- Department of Malignant Hematology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL, United States
| | - Javier Pinilla-Ibarz
- Department of Immunology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL, United States
- Department of Malignant Hematology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL, United States
- *Correspondence: Javier Pinilla-Ibarz,
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24
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Cérbulo-Vázquez A, García-Espinosa M, Briones-Garduño JC, Arriaga-Pizano L, Ferat-Osorio E, Zavala-Barrios B, Cabrera-Rivera GL, Miranda-Cruz P, García de la Rosa MT, Prieto-Chávez JL, Rivero-Arredondo V, Madera-Sandoval RL, Cruz-Cruz A, Salazar-Rios E, Salazar-Rios ME, Serrano-Molina D, De Lira-Barraza RC, Villanueva-Compean AH, Esquivel-Pineda A, Ramirez-Montes de Oca R, Caldiño-Soto F, Ramírez-García LA, Flores-Padilla G, Moreno-Álvarez O, Guerrero-Avendaño GML, López-Macías C. The percentage of CD39+ monocytes is higher in pregnant COVID-19+ patients than in nonpregnant COVID-19+ patients. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0264566. [PMID: 35901034 PMCID: PMC9333267 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0264566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 02/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Current medical guidelines consider pregnant women with COVID-19 to be a high-risk group. Since physiological gestation downregulates the immunological response to maintain “maternal-fetal tolerance”, SARS-CoV-2 infection may constitute a potentially threatening condition to both the mother and the fetus. To establish the immune profile in pregnant COVID-19+ patients, a cross-sectional study was conducted. Pregnant women with COVID-19 (P-COVID-19+; n = 15) were analyzed and compared with nonpregnant women with COVID-19 (NP-COVID-19+; n = 15) or those with physiological pregnancy (P-COVID-19-; n = 13). Serological cytokine and chemokine concentrations, leucocyte immunophenotypes, and mononuclear leucocyte responses to polyclonal stimuli were analyzed in all groups. Higher concentrations of serological TNF-α, IL-6, MIP1b and IL-4 were observed within the P-COVID-19+ group, while cytokines and chemokines secreted by peripheral leucocytes in response to LPS, IL-6 or PMA-ionomicin were similar among the groups. Immunophenotype analysis showed a lower percentage of HLA-DR+ monocytes in P-COVID-19+ than in P-COVID-19- and a higher percentage of CD39+ monocytes in P-COVID-19+ than in NP-COVID-19+. After whole blood polyclonal stimulation, similar percentages of T cells and TNF+ monocytes between groups were observed. Our results suggest that P-COVID-19+ elicits a strong inflammatory response similar to NP-COVID19+ but also displays an anti-inflammatory response that controls the ATP/adenosine balance and prevents hyperinflammatory damage in COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Cérbulo-Vázquez
- Departamento de Medicina Genómica, Hospital General de México “Dr. Eduardo Liceaga”, Ciudad de México, México
- * E-mail: (ACV); , (CLM)
| | - M. García-Espinosa
- Servicio de Complicaciones de la Segunda Mitad del Embarazo, UMAE Hospital de Gineco-Obstetricia No. 4 “Dr. Luis Castelazo Ayala”. Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), Ciudad de México, México
| | - J. C. Briones-Garduño
- Dirección de Medicina Aguda, Diagnóstico y Tratamiento, Hospital General de México “Dr. Eduardo Liceaga”, Ciudad de México, México
| | - L. Arriaga-Pizano
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Inmunoquímica, UMAE Hospital de Especialidades, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI. IMSS, Ciudad de México, México
| | - E. Ferat-Osorio
- División de Investigación, UMAE Hospital de Especialidades, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI. IMSS, Ciudad de México, México
| | - B. Zavala-Barrios
- Dirección de Medicina Aguda, Diagnóstico y Tratamiento, Hospital General de México “Dr. Eduardo Liceaga”, Ciudad de México, México
| | - G. L. Cabrera-Rivera
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Inmunoquímica, UMAE Hospital de Especialidades, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI. IMSS, Ciudad de México, México
| | - P. Miranda-Cruz
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Inmunoquímica, UMAE Hospital de Especialidades, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI. IMSS, Ciudad de México, México
| | - M. T. García de la Rosa
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Inmunoquímica, UMAE Hospital de Especialidades, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI. IMSS, Ciudad de México, México
| | - J. L. Prieto-Chávez
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Inmunoquímica, UMAE Hospital de Especialidades, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI. IMSS, Ciudad de México, México
- Centro de Instrumentos, UMAE Hospital de Especialidades, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI. IMSS, Ciudad de México, México
| | - V. Rivero-Arredondo
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Inmunoquímica, UMAE Hospital de Especialidades, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI. IMSS, Ciudad de México, México
| | - R. L. Madera-Sandoval
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Inmunoquímica, UMAE Hospital de Especialidades, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI. IMSS, Ciudad de México, México
| | - A. Cruz-Cruz
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Inmunoquímica, UMAE Hospital de Especialidades, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI. IMSS, Ciudad de México, México
| | - E. Salazar-Rios
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Inmunoquímica, UMAE Hospital de Especialidades, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI. IMSS, Ciudad de México, México
| | - M. E. Salazar-Rios
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Inmunoquímica, UMAE Hospital de Especialidades, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI. IMSS, Ciudad de México, México
| | - D. Serrano-Molina
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Inmunoquímica, UMAE Hospital de Especialidades, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI. IMSS, Ciudad de México, México
| | - R. C. De Lira-Barraza
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Inmunoquímica, UMAE Hospital de Especialidades, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI. IMSS, Ciudad de México, México
| | - A. H. Villanueva-Compean
- Medicina Interna, UMAE Hospital de Especialidades, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI. IMSS, Ciudad de México, México
| | - A. Esquivel-Pineda
- Medicina Interna, UMAE Hospital de Especialidades, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI. IMSS, Ciudad de México, México
| | - R. Ramirez-Montes de Oca
- Medicina Interna, UMAE Hospital de Especialidades, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI. IMSS, Ciudad de México, México
| | - F. Caldiño-Soto
- División Obstetricia, UMAE Hospital de Gineco-Obstetricia No. 4 “Dr. Luis Castelazo Ayala”, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), Ciudad de México, México
| | - L. A. Ramírez-García
- Dirección Médica, UMAE Hospital de Gineco-Obstetricia No. 4 “Dr. Luis Castelazo Ayala”, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), Ciudad de México, México
| | - G. Flores-Padilla
- Medicina Interna, UMAE Hospital de Especialidades, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI. IMSS, Ciudad de México, México
| | - O. Moreno-Álvarez
- Dirección Médica, UMAE Hospital de Gineco-Obstetricia No. 4 “Dr. Luis Castelazo Ayala”, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), Ciudad de México, México
| | | | - C. López-Macías
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Inmunoquímica, UMAE Hospital de Especialidades, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI. IMSS, Ciudad de México, México
- Visiting Professor of Immunology, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- * E-mail: (ACV); , (CLM)
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25
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Fang F, Cao W, Mu Y, Okuyama H, Li L, Qiu J, Weyand CM, Goronzy JJ. IL-4 prevents adenosine-mediated immunoregulation by inhibiting CD39 expression. JCI Insight 2022; 7:e157509. [PMID: 35730568 PMCID: PMC9309057 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.157509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The ectonucleotidase CD39 functions as a checkpoint in purinergic signaling on effector T cells. By depleting eATP and initiating the generation of adenosine, it impairs memory cell development and contributes to T cell exhaustion, thereby causing defective tumor immunity and deficient T cell responses in older adults who have increased CD39 expression. Tuning enzymatic activity of CD39 and targeting the transcriptional regulation of ENTPD1 can be used to modulate purinergic signaling. Here, we describe that STAT6 phosphorylation downstream of IL-4 signaling represses CD39 expression on activated T cells by inducing a transcription factor network including GATA3, GFI1, and YY1. GATA3 suppresses ENTPD1 transcription through prevention of RUNX3 recruitment to the ENTPD1 promoter. Conversely, pharmacological STAT6 inhibition decreases T cell effector functions via increased CD39 expression, resulting in the defective signaling of P2X receptors by ATP and stimulation of A2A receptors by adenosine. Our studies suggest that inhibiting the STAT6 pathway to increase CD39 expression has the potential to treat autoimmune disease while stimulation of the pathway could improve T cell immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengqin Fang
- Division of Immunology and Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
- Department of Medicine, Palo Alto Veterans Administration Healthcare System, Palo Alto, California, USA
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenqiang Cao
- Division of Immunology and Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
- Department of Medicine, Palo Alto Veterans Administration Healthcare System, Palo Alto, California, USA
- Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
- Health Sciences Institute, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yunmei Mu
- Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Hirohisa Okuyama
- Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Lingjie Li
- Department of Histoembryology, Genetics and Developmental Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jingtao Qiu
- Division of Immunology and Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Cornelia M. Weyand
- Division of Immunology and Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
- Department of Medicine, Palo Alto Veterans Administration Healthcare System, Palo Alto, California, USA
- Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
- Department of Medicine/Rheumatology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Jörg J. Goronzy
- Division of Immunology and Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
- Department of Medicine, Palo Alto Veterans Administration Healthcare System, Palo Alto, California, USA
- Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
- Department of Medicine/Rheumatology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
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Kolbe K, Wittner M, Hartjen P, Hüfner AD, Degen O, Ackermann C, Cords L, Stellbrink HJ, Haag F, Schulze zur Wiesch J. Inversed Ratio of CD39/CD73 Expression on γδ T Cells in HIV Versus Healthy Controls Correlates With Immune Activation and Disease Progression. Front Immunol 2022; 13:867167. [PMID: 35529864 PMCID: PMC9074873 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.867167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background γδ T cells are unconventional T cells that have been demonstrated to be crucial for the pathogenesis and potentially for the cure of HIV-1 infection. The ectonucleotidase CD39 is part of the purinergic pathway that regulates immune responses by degradation of pro-inflammatory ATP in concert with CD73. Few studies on the expression of the ectoenzymes CD73 and CD39 on human γδ T cells in HIV have been performed to date. Methods PBMC of n=86 HIV-1-infected patients were compared to PBMC of n=26 healthy individuals using 16-color flow cytometry determining the surface expression of CD39 and CD73 on Vδ1 and Vδ2 T cells in association with differentiation (CD45RA, CD28, CD27), activation and exhaustion (TIGIT, PD-1, CD38, and HLA-DR), and assessing the intracellular production of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL-2, TGF-ß, TNF-α, Granzyme B, IL-10, IFN-γ) after in vitro stimulation with PMA/ionomycin. Results CD39 and CD73 expression on γδ T cells were inversed in HIV infection which correlated with HIV disease progression and immune activation. CD39, but not CD73 expression on γδ T cells of ART-treated patients returned to levels comparable with those of healthy individuals. Only a small subset (<1%) of γδ T cells co-expressed CD39 and CD73 in healthy or HIV-infected individuals. There were significantly more exhausted and terminally differentiated CD39+ Vδ1 T cells regardless of the disease status. Functionally, IL-10 was only detectable in CD39+ γδ T cells after in vitro stimulation in all groups studied. Viremic HIV-infected patients showed the highest levels of IL-10 production. The highest percentage of IL-10+ cells was found in the small CD39/CD73 co-expressing γδ T-cell population, both in healthy and HIV-infected individuals. Also, CD39+ Vδ2 T cells produced IL-10 more frequently than their CD39+ Vδ1 counterparts in all individuals regardless of the HIV status. Conclusions Our results point towards a potential immunomodulatory role of CD39+ and CD73+ γδ T cells in the pathogenesis of chronic HIV infection that needs further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharina Kolbe
- First Department of Medicine, Section Infectious Diseases, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Hamburg Lübeck Borstel Riems, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Melanie Wittner
- First Department of Medicine, Section Infectious Diseases, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Hamburg Lübeck Borstel Riems, Hamburg, Germany
- *Correspondence: Melanie Wittner,
| | - Philip Hartjen
- First Department of Medicine, Section Infectious Diseases, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Anja-Dorothee Hüfner
- First Department of Medicine, Section Infectious Diseases, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Infectious Diseases Clinic, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Olaf Degen
- First Department of Medicine, Section Infectious Diseases, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Infectious Diseases Clinic, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Christin Ackermann
- First Department of Medicine, Section Infectious Diseases, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Leon Cords
- First Department of Medicine, Section Infectious Diseases, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | | | - Friedrich Haag
- Institute of Immunology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Julian Schulze zur Wiesch
- First Department of Medicine, Section Infectious Diseases, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Hamburg Lübeck Borstel Riems, Hamburg, Germany
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Janho dit Hreich S, Benzaquen J, Hofman P, Vouret-Craviari V. The Purinergic Landscape of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14081926. [PMID: 35454832 PMCID: PMC9025794 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14081926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Revised: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is the most common cancer worldwide. Despite recent therapeutic advances, including targeted therapies and immune checkpoint inhibitors, the disease progresses in almost all advanced lung cancers and in up to 50% of early-stage cancers. The purpose of this review is to discuss whether purinergic checkpoints (CD39, CD73, P2RX7, and ADORs), which shape the immune response in the tumor microenvironment, may represent novel therapeutic targets to combat progression of non-small cell lung cancer by enhancing the antitumor immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serena Janho dit Hreich
- Institute of Research on Cancer and Aging (IRCAN, CNRS, INSERM), FHU OncoAge, Université Côte d’Azur, 06108 Nice, France; (S.J.d.H.); (J.B.)
| | - Jonathan Benzaquen
- Institute of Research on Cancer and Aging (IRCAN, CNRS, INSERM), FHU OncoAge, Université Côte d’Azur, 06108 Nice, France; (S.J.d.H.); (J.B.)
| | - Paul Hofman
- CHU Nice, Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Pathology, Pasteur Hospital, Université Côte d’Azur, 06000 Nice, France;
- Institute of Research on Cancer and Aging (IRCAN, CNRS, INSERM, Team 4), Université Côte d’Azur, 06100 Nice, France
- CHU Nice, FHU OncoAge, Hospital-Integrated Biobank (BB-0033-00025), Université Côte d’Azur, 06000 Nice, France
| | - Valérie Vouret-Craviari
- Institute of Research on Cancer and Aging (IRCAN, CNRS, INSERM), FHU OncoAge, Université Côte d’Azur, 06108 Nice, France; (S.J.d.H.); (J.B.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +33-492-031-223
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Tripathi S, Martin-Moreno PL, Kavalam G, Schreiber BL, Waaga-Gasser AM, Chandraker A. Adenosinergic Pathway and Linked Suppression: Two Critical Suppressive Mechanisms of Human Donor Antigen Specific Regulatory T Cell Lines Expanded Post Transplant. Front Immunol 2022; 13:849939. [PMID: 35371066 PMCID: PMC8968184 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.849939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2022] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Regulatory T cells are an important component of an immune response shaping the overall behavior to potential antigens including alloantigens. Multiple mechanisms have been shown to contribute towards developing and sustaining a immunological regulatory response. One of the described contact dependent suppressive mechanisms regulatory cells have been shown to utilize is through the production of adenosine from extracellular ATP mediated by CD39 and CD73. In this study we demonstrate that the adenosinergic pathway plays a major role in the suppressive/regulatory effects antigen specific regulatory T cell enriched lines (ASTRLs) that have been of expanded ex vivo from stable kidney transplant patients. We have previously shown that these ASTRL cells are capable of suppressing alloimmune responses in vitro and significantly prolonging allograft survival in an animal model of kidney transplantation. For this study nineteen ASTRLs were expanded from 17 kidney transplant patients by repeated stimulation of recipient peripheral blood mononuclear cells with donor specific HLA-DR peptides. All 19 ASTRLs showed upregulation of numerous markers associated with regulatory cells and were able to inhibit donor antigen specific T cell proliferation in a dose dependent fashion. ASTRLs suppressed indirect and direct alloimmune responses compatible with our previous animal study findings. Upregulation of both CD39 and CD73 was observed post expansion and ASTRLs demonstrated extracellular hydrolysis of ATP, indicating functionality of the upregulated proteins. We also showed that inhibition of the adenosinergic pathway using inhibitors of CD39 resulted in abrogation of suppression and increased antigen specific T cell proliferation. This demonstrates that the main mechanism of action of the suppressive activity donor peptide driven ASTRLs generated from kidney transplant patients is the adenosinergic pathway. Furthermore this suggests the possibility that combining infusion of Tregs with other treatments, such as adenosine receptor agonists or increasing CD39 expression in the grafts may further enhance a regulatory response to the allograft and possibly achieve transplantation tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sudipta Tripathi
- Renal Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Paloma L Martin-Moreno
- Renal Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States.,Nephrology Department, Clinica Universidad de Navarra, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - George Kavalam
- Renal Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Brittany L Schreiber
- Renal Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Ana Maria Waaga-Gasser
- Renal Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Anil Chandraker
- Renal Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
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29
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Wu Z, Wang M, Liang G, Jin P, Wang P, Xu Y, Qian Y, Jiang X, Qian J, Dong M. Pro-Inflammatory Signature in Decidua of Recurrent Pregnancy Loss Regardless of Embryonic Chromosomal Abnormalities. Front Immunol 2021; 12:772729. [PMID: 34956198 PMCID: PMC8694032 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.772729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL), especially the unexplained RPL, is associated with the disruption of maternal immune tolerance. However, little is known about the immune status at the decidua of RPL with embryonic chromosomal aberrations. Herein, mass cytometry (CyTOF) was used to interrogate the immune atlas at the decidua which was obtained from 15 RPL women-six with normal chromosome and nine with chromosomal aberrations-and five controls. The total frequency of CCR2-CD11chigh macrophages increased, while CD39high NK cells and CCR2-CD11clow macrophages decrease significantly in RPL when RPLs were stratified, compared with controls. Pro-inflammatory subsets of CD11chigh macrophages increased, while less pro-inflammatory or suppressive subsets decreased statistically in RPL decidua whenever RPLs were stratified or not. However, CD11chigh NK and CD161highCD8+ T cells increased only in RPL with normal chromosome, while the inactivated and naive CD8+/CD4+ T cells were enriched only in RPL with chromosomal aberrations. A pro-inflammatory signature is observed in RPL decidua; however, differences exist between RPL with and without chromosomal abnormalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zaigui Wu
- Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Miaomiao Wang
- Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Guanmian Liang
- Cancer Hospital of University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Pengzhen Jin
- Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Peng Wang
- Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yuqing Xu
- Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yeqing Qian
- Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Women's Reproductive Health of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Reproductive Genetics, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiuxiu Jiang
- Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Junbin Qian
- Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Minyue Dong
- Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Women's Reproductive Health of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Reproductive Genetics, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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30
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Paes-Vieira L, Gomes-Vieira AL, Meyer-Fernandes JR. E-NTPDases: Possible Roles on Host-Parasite Interactions and Therapeutic Opportunities. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2021; 11:769922. [PMID: 34858878 PMCID: PMC8630654 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2021.769922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Belonging to the GDA1/CD39 protein superfamily, nucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolases (NTPDases) catalyze the hydrolysis of ATP and ADP to the monophosphate form (AMP) and inorganic phosphate (Pi). Several NTPDase isoforms have been described in different cells, from pathogenic organisms to animals and plants. Biochemical characterization of nucleotidases/NTPDases has revealed the existence of isoforms with different specificities regarding divalent cations (such as calcium and magnesium) and substrates. In mammals, NTPDases have been implicated in the regulation of thrombosis and inflammation. In parasites, such as Trichomonas vaginalis, Trypanosoma spp., Leishmania spp., Schistosoma spp. and Toxoplasma gondii, NTPDases were found on the surface of the cell, and important processes like growth, infectivity, and virulence seem to depend on their activity. For instance, experimental evidence has indicated that parasite NTPDases can regulate the levels of ATP and Adenosine (Ado) of the host cell, leading to the modulation of the host immune response. In this work, we provide a comprehensive review showing the involvement of the nucleotidases/NTPDases in parasites infectivity and virulence, and how inhibition of NTPDases contributes to parasite clearance and the development of new antiparasitic drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisvane Paes-Vieira
- Laboratório de Bioquímica Celular, Instituto de Bioquímica Médica Leopoldo de Meis, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - André Luiz Gomes-Vieira
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Seropédica, Brazil
| | - José Roberto Meyer-Fernandes
- Laboratório de Bioquímica Celular, Instituto de Bioquímica Médica Leopoldo de Meis, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Biologia Estrutural e Bioimagem, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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31
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Todosenko N, Vulf M, Yurova K, Khaziakhmatova O, Mikhailova L, Litvinova L. Causal Links between Hypovitaminosis D and Dysregulation of the T Cell Connection of Immunity Associated with Obesity and Concomitant Pathologies. Biomedicines 2021; 9:1750. [PMID: 34944566 PMCID: PMC8698424 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9121750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Revised: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 11/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Subclinical inflammation in morbid obesity is associated with immune activation and the development of concomitant diseases. Impaired immune homeostasis and immune cell dysregulation in adipose tissue are associated with phenotypic and functional changes in the pool of T lymphocytes and the development of chronic hypovitaminosis D. Low vitamin D levels in obesity lead to the activation, proliferation and production of pro-inflammatory mediators by T cells. Hypovitaminosis D is the cause of a decrease in the functional potential of regulatory and anti-inflammatory lymphocytes and the maintenance of the inflammatory response. The exact molecular genetic mechanisms of the effect of vitamin D on T lymphocytes have not been fully elucidated. Therefore, uncovering the functional role of T cells and their relationship to vitamin D homeostasis in the context of obesity development may contribute to the development of new pathogenetic methods for clinical prediction of the risk of metabolic, oncologic, autoimmune and infectious complications. The review presents the molecular genetic mechanisms of the effect of vitamin D on adipose tissue resident T lymphocytes and the characteristics of vitamin D receptor expression, and analyzes the phenotypic and functional characteristics of potentially pathogenic T lymphocytes in relation to the development of obesity and its associated complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Todosenko
- Center for Immunology and Cellular Biotechnology, Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, 236001 Kaliningrad, Russia; (N.T.); (K.Y.); (O.K.); (L.L.)
| | - Maria Vulf
- Center for Immunology and Cellular Biotechnology, Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, 236001 Kaliningrad, Russia; (N.T.); (K.Y.); (O.K.); (L.L.)
| | - Kristina Yurova
- Center for Immunology and Cellular Biotechnology, Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, 236001 Kaliningrad, Russia; (N.T.); (K.Y.); (O.K.); (L.L.)
| | - Olga Khaziakhmatova
- Center for Immunology and Cellular Biotechnology, Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, 236001 Kaliningrad, Russia; (N.T.); (K.Y.); (O.K.); (L.L.)
| | - Larisa Mikhailova
- Department of Therapy Medical Institute, Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, 236016 Kaliningrad, Russia;
| | - Larisa Litvinova
- Center for Immunology and Cellular Biotechnology, Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, 236001 Kaliningrad, Russia; (N.T.); (K.Y.); (O.K.); (L.L.)
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32
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Schäkel L, Mirza S, Pietsch M, Lee SY, Keuler T, Sylvester K, Pelletier J, Sévigny J, Pillaiyar T, Namasivayam V, Gütschow M, Müller CE. 2-Substituted thienotetrahydropyridine derivatives: Allosteric ectonucleotidase inhibitors. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2021; 354:e2100300. [PMID: 34697820 DOI: 10.1002/ardp.202100300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Revised: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
The antithrombotic prodrugs ticlopidine and clopidogrel are thienotetrahydro-pyridine derivatives that are metabolized in the liver to produce thiols that irreversibly block adenosine diphosphate (ADP)-activated P2Y12 receptors on thrombocytes. In their native, nonmetabolized form, both drugs were reported to act as inhibitors of ectonucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase-1 (NTPDase1, CD39). CD39 catalyzes the extracellular hydrolysis of nucleoside tri- and diphosphates, mainly adenosine 5'-triphosphate (ATP) and ADP, yielding adenosine monophosphate, which is further hydrolyzed by ecto-5'-nucleotidase (CD73) to produce adenosine. While ATP has proinflammatory effects, adenosine is a potent anti-inflammatory, immunosuppressive agent. Inhibitors of CD39 and CD73 have potential as novel checkpoint inhibitors for the immunotherapy of cancer and infection. In the present study, we investigated 2-substituted thienotetrahydropyridine derivatives, structurally related to ticlopidine, as CD39 inhibitors. Due to their substituent on the 2-position, they will not be metabolically transformed into reactive thiols and can, therefore, be expected to be devoid of P2Y12 receptor-antagonistic activity in vivo. Several of the investigated 2-substituted thienotetrahydropyridine derivatives showed concentration-dependent inhibition of CD39. The most potent derivative, 32, showed similar CD39-inhibitory potency to ticlopidine, both acting as allosteric inhibitors. Compound 32 showed an improved selectivity profile: While ticlopidine blocked several NTPDase isoenzymes, 32 was characterized as a novel dual inhibitor of CD39 and CD73.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Schäkel
- Pharmaceutical & Medicinal Chemistry, Pharmaceutical Institute, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Salahuddin Mirza
- Pharmaceutical & Medicinal Chemistry, Pharmaceutical Institute, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Markus Pietsch
- Pharmaceutical & Medicinal Chemistry, Pharmaceutical Institute, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.,Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Institute II of Pharmacology, Centre of Pharmacology, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Sang-Yong Lee
- Pharmaceutical & Medicinal Chemistry, Pharmaceutical Institute, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Tim Keuler
- Pharmaceutical & Medicinal Chemistry, Pharmaceutical Institute, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Katharina Sylvester
- Pharmaceutical & Medicinal Chemistry, Pharmaceutical Institute, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Julie Pelletier
- Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec - Université Laval, Québec City, Québec, Canada
| | - Jean Sévigny
- Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec - Université Laval, Québec City, Québec, Canada.,Départment de Microbiologie-Infectiologie et d'Immunologie, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Quebec City, Québec, Canada
| | - Thanigaimalai Pillaiyar
- Pharmaceutical & Medicinal Chemistry, Pharmaceutical Institute, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Vigneshwaran Namasivayam
- Pharmaceutical & Medicinal Chemistry, Pharmaceutical Institute, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Michael Gütschow
- Pharmaceutical & Medicinal Chemistry, Pharmaceutical Institute, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Christa E Müller
- Pharmaceutical & Medicinal Chemistry, Pharmaceutical Institute, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
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Vuerich M, Wang N, Kalbasi A, Graham JJ, Longhi MS. Dysfunctional Immune Regulation in Autoimmune Hepatitis: From Pathogenesis to Novel Therapies. Front Immunol 2021; 12:746436. [PMID: 34650567 PMCID: PMC8510512 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.746436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) is a chronic inflammatory disorder characterized by hypergammaglobulinemia, presence of serum autoantibodies and histological features of interface hepatitis. AIH therapeutic management still relies on the administration of corticosteroids, azathioprine and other immunosuppressants like calcineurin inhibitors and mycophenolate mofetil. Withdrawal of immunosuppression often results in disease relapse, and, in some cases, therapy is ineffective or associated with serious side effects. Understanding the mechanisms underlying AIH pathogenesis is therefore of paramount importance to develop more effective and well tolerated agents capable of restoring immunotolerance to liver autoantigens. Imbalance between effector and regulatory cells permits liver damage perpetuation and progression in AIH. Impaired expression and regulation of CD39, an ectoenzyme key to immunotolerance maintenance, have been reported in Tregs and effector Th17-cells derived from AIH patients. Interference with these altered immunoregulatory pathways may open new therapeutic avenues that, in addition to limiting aberrant inflammatory responses, would also reconstitute immune homeostasis. In this review, we highlight the most recent findings in AIH immunopathogenesis and discuss how these could inform and direct the development of novel therapeutic tools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Vuerich
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care & Pain Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Na Wang
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care & Pain Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States.,Department of Hematology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China.,School of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Ahmadreza Kalbasi
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care & Pain Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Jonathon J Graham
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care & Pain Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Maria Serena Longhi
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care & Pain Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
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34
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Wei Z, Ren F, Gong S, Shi B, Ouyang K, Wu C. A humanized monoclonal antibody targeting CD39 with novel mechanism for cancer treatment. MEDICINE IN DRUG DISCOVERY 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.medidd.2021.100093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
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35
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Paes-Vieira L, Rocco-Machado N, Freitas-Mesquita AL, Dos Santos Emiliano YS, Gomes-Vieira AL, de Almeida-Amaral EE, Meyer-Fernandes JR. Differential regulation of E-NTPdases during Leishmania amazonensis lifecycle and effect of their overexpression on parasite infectivity and virulence. Parasitol Int 2021; 85:102423. [PMID: 34298165 DOI: 10.1016/j.parint.2021.102423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2020] [Revised: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/16/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Infections caused by Leishmania amazonensis are characterized by a persistent parasitemia due to the ability of the parasite to modulate the immune response of macrophages. It has been proposed that ecto-nucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase (E-NTPDases) could be able to suppress the host immune defense by reducing the ATP and ADP levels. The AMP generated from E-NTPDase activity can be subsequently hydrolyzed by ecto-nucleotidases, increasing the levels of adenosine, which can reduce the inflammatory response. In the present work, we provide new information about the role of E-NTPDases on infectivity and virulence of L. amazonensis. Our data demonstrate that not only the E-NTPDase activity is differentially regulated during the parasite development but also the expression of the genes ntpd1 and ntpd2. E-NTPDase activity increases significantly in axenic amastigotes and metacyclic promastigotes, both infective forms in mammalian host. A similar profile was found for mRNA levels of the ntpd1 and ntpd2 genes. Using parasites overexpressing the genes ntpd1 and ntpd2, we could demonstrate that L. amazonensis promastigotes overexpressing ntpd2 gene show a remarkable increase in their ability to interact with macrophages compared to controls. In addition, both ntpd1 and ntpd2-overexpressing parasites were more infective to macrophages than controls. The kinetics of lesion formation by transfected parasites were similar to controls until the second week. However, twenty days post-infection, mice infected with ntpd1 and ntpd2-overexpressing parasites presented significantly reduced lesions compared to controls. Interestingly, parasite load reached similar levels among the different experimental groups. Thus, our data show a non-linear relationship between higher E-NTPDase activity and lesion formation. Previous studies have correlated increased ecto-NTPDase activity with virulence and infectivity of Leishmania parasites. Based in our results, we are suggesting that the induced overexpression of E-NTPDases in L. amazonensis could increase extracellular adenosine levels, interfering with the balance of the immune response to promote the pathogen clearance and maintain the host protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisvane Paes-Vieira
- Laboratório de Bioquímica Celular, Instituto de Bioquímica Médica Leopoldo de Meis, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
| | - Nathália Rocco-Machado
- Laboratório de Bioquímica Celular, Instituto de Bioquímica Médica Leopoldo de Meis, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Anita Leocadio Freitas-Mesquita
- Laboratório de Bioquímica Celular, Instituto de Bioquímica Médica Leopoldo de Meis, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Yago Sousa Dos Santos Emiliano
- Laboratório de Bioquímica de Tripanosomatideos, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz (IOC), Fundação Oswaldo Cruz-FIOCRUZ, Pavilhão Leônidas Deane, 4° andar, sala 405A, Manguinhos, 21045-900 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - André Luiz Gomes-Vieira
- Instituto de Química, Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Seropédica, RJ, Brazil
| | - Elmo Eduardo de Almeida-Amaral
- Laboratório de Bioquímica de Tripanosomatideos, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz (IOC), Fundação Oswaldo Cruz-FIOCRUZ, Pavilhão Leônidas Deane, 4° andar, sala 405A, Manguinhos, 21045-900 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - José Roberto Meyer-Fernandes
- Laboratório de Bioquímica Celular, Instituto de Bioquímica Médica Leopoldo de Meis, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil; Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Biologia Estrutural e Bioimagem, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
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Foord E, Arruda LCM, Gaballa A, Klynning C, Uhlin M. Characterization of ascites- and tumor-infiltrating γδ T cells reveals distinct repertoires and a beneficial role in ovarian cancer. Sci Transl Med 2021; 13:13/577/eabb0192. [PMID: 33472952 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.abb0192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2020] [Revised: 09/15/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The role of γδ T cells in antitumor immunity has been under investigation for the past two decades, but little is known about their contribution to clinical outcomes in patients. Here, we set out to define the clonotypic, phenotypic, and functional features of γδ T cells in peripheral blood, ascites, and metastatic tumor tissue from patients with advanced epithelial ovarian cancer. T cell receptor (TCR) sequencing of the γ chain revealed that tumor-infiltrating γδ T cells have a unique and skewed repertoire with high TCR diversity and low clonality. In contrast, ascites-derived γδ T cells presented a lower TCR diversity and higher clonality, suggesting a TCR-dependent clonal focusing at this site. Further investigation showed that tumor samples had abundant γδ T cells with a tissue-resident, activation-associated phenotype, less usage of Vγ9 and an impaired response to adaptive-associated stimuli, implying an innate-like activation pathway, rather than an adaptive TCR-engaging pathway, at these tumor sites. Furthermore, high γδ T cell cytokine responsiveness upon stimulation was associated with a favorable outcome for patients in terms of both overall survival and reduced residual tumor burden after primary surgery. Last, the functionality of γδ T cells and patient survival were negatively affected by the proportions of CD39-expressing T cells, highlighting the potential of CD39 as a target to improve γδ T cell responses and unleash their antitumor capabilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emelie Foord
- Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Lucas C M Arruda
- Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ahmed Gaballa
- Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Clinical Biochemistry, National Liver Institute, Menoufia University, 511 32 Shebin Elkom, Egypt
| | - Charlotte Klynning
- Department of Gynecological Oncology, Karolinska University Hospital, 171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Michael Uhlin
- Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Clinical Immunology and Transfusion Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, 141 86 Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Applied Physics, Royal Institute of Technology, 100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
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37
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Role of Purinergic Signalling in Endothelial Dysfunction and Thrombo-Inflammation in Ischaemic Stroke and Cerebral Small Vessel Disease. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11070994. [PMID: 34356618 PMCID: PMC8301873 DOI: 10.3390/biom11070994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Revised: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The cerebral endothelium is an active interface between blood and the central nervous system. In addition to being a physical barrier between the blood and the brain, the endothelium also actively regulates metabolic homeostasis, vascular tone and permeability, coagulation, and movement of immune cells. Being part of the blood–brain barrier, endothelial cells of the brain have specialized morphology, physiology, and phenotypes due to their unique microenvironment. Known cardiovascular risk factors facilitate cerebral endothelial dysfunction, leading to impaired vasodilation, an aggravated inflammatory response, as well as increased oxidative stress and vascular proliferation. This culminates in the thrombo-inflammatory response, an underlying cause of ischemic stroke and cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD). These events are further exacerbated when blood flow is returned to the brain after a period of ischemia, a phenomenon termed ischemia-reperfusion injury. Purinergic signaling is an endogenous molecular pathway in which the enzymes CD39 and CD73 catabolize extracellular adenosine triphosphate (eATP) to adenosine. After ischemia and CSVD, eATP is released from dying neurons as a damage molecule, triggering thrombosis and inflammation. In contrast, adenosine is anti-thrombotic, protects against oxidative stress, and suppresses the immune response. Evidently, therapies that promote adenosine generation or boost CD39 activity at the site of endothelial injury have promising benefits in the context of atherothrombotic stroke and can be extended to current CSVD known pathomechanisms. Here, we have reviewed the rationale and benefits of CD39 and CD39 therapies to treat endothelial dysfunction in the brain.
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38
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Ogongo P, Tezera LB, Ardain A, Nhamoyebonde S, Ramsuran D, Singh A, Ng’oepe A, Karim F, Naidoo T, Khan K, Dullabh KJ, Fehlings M, Lee BH, Nardin A, Lindestam Arlehamn CS, Sette A, Behar SM, Steyn AJ, Madansein R, Kløverpris HN, Elkington PT, Leslie A. Tissue-resident-like CD4+ T cells secreting IL-17 control Mycobacterium tuberculosis in the human lung. J Clin Invest 2021; 131:142014. [PMID: 33848273 PMCID: PMC8121523 DOI: 10.1172/jci142014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
T cell immunity is essential for the control of tuberculosis (TB), an important disease of the lung, and is generally studied in humans using peripheral blood cells. Mounting evidence, however, indicates that tissue-resident memory T cells (Trms) are superior at controlling many pathogens, including Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tuberculosis), and can be quite different from those in circulation. Using freshly resected lung tissue, from individuals with active or previous TB, we identified distinct CD4+ and CD8+ Trm-like clusters within TB-diseased lung tissue that were functional and enriched for IL-17-producing cells. M. tuberculosis-specific CD4+ T cells producing TNF-α, IL-2, and IL-17 were highly expanded in the lung compared with matched blood samples, in which IL-17+ cells were largely absent. Strikingly, the frequency of M. tuberculosis-specific lung T cells making IL-17, but not other cytokines, inversely correlated with the plasma IL-1β levels, suggesting a potential link with disease severity. Using a human granuloma model, we showed the addition of either exogenous IL-17 or IL-2 enhanced immune control of M. tuberculosis and was associated with increased NO production. Taken together, these data support an important role for M. tuberculosis-specific Trm-like, IL-17-producing cells in the immune control of M. tuberculosis in the human lung.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Ogongo
- Africa Health Research Institute, Durban, South Africa
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
- Institute of Primate Research, National Museums of Kenya, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Liku B. Tezera
- National Institute for Health Research Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, School of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, and
- Institute for Life Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
- Division of Infection and Immunity, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Amanda Ardain
- Africa Health Research Institute, Durban, South Africa
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Shepherd Nhamoyebonde
- Africa Health Research Institute, Durban, South Africa
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | | | - Alveera Singh
- Africa Health Research Institute, Durban, South Africa
| | | | - Farina Karim
- Africa Health Research Institute, Durban, South Africa
| | - Taryn Naidoo
- Africa Health Research Institute, Durban, South Africa
| | - Khadija Khan
- Africa Health Research Institute, Durban, South Africa
| | - Kaylesh J. Dullabh
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Nelson Mandela School of Medicine, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | | | | | | | | | - Alessandro Sette
- La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, California, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Samuel M. Behar
- Department of Microbiology and Physiological Systems, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Adrie J.C. Steyn
- Africa Health Research Institute, Durban, South Africa
- Department of Microbiology and
- Center for AIDS Research and Center for Free Radical Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Rajhmun Madansein
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Nelson Mandela School of Medicine, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Henrik N. Kløverpris
- Africa Health Research Institute, Durban, South Africa
- Division of Infection and Immunity, University College London, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Paul T. Elkington
- National Institute for Health Research Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, School of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, and
- Institute for Life Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Alasdair Leslie
- Africa Health Research Institute, Durban, South Africa
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
- Division of Infection and Immunity, University College London, London, United Kingdom
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Haas CB, Lovászi M, Braganhol E, Pacher P, Haskó G. Ectonucleotidases in Inflammation, Immunity, and Cancer. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2021; 206:1983-1990. [PMID: 33879578 PMCID: PMC10037530 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2001342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Nucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolases (NTPDases) are a family of enzymes that hydrolyze nucleotides such as ATP, UTP, ADP, and UDP to monophosphates derivates such as AMP and UMP. The NTPDase family consists of eight enzymes, of which NTPDases 1, 2, 3, and 8 are expressed on cell membranes thereby hydrolyzing extracellular nucleotides. Cell membrane NTPDases are expressed in all tissues, in which they regulate essential physiological tissue functions such as development, blood flow, hormone secretion, and neurotransmitter release. They do so by modulating nucleotide-mediated purinergic signaling through P2 purinergic receptors. NTPDases 1, 2, 3, and 8 also play a key role during infection, inflammation, injury, and cancer. Under these conditions, NTPDases can contribute and control the pathophysiology of infectious, inflammatory diseases and cancer. In this review, we discuss the role of NTPDases, focusing on the less understood NTPDases 2-8, in regulating inflammation and immunity during infectious, inflammatory diseases, and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Elizandra Braganhol
- Departamento de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil; and
| | - Pál Pacher
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Physiology and Tissue Injury, National Institutes of Health/National Institute of Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, Bethesda, MD
| | - György Haskó
- Department of Anesthesiology, Columbia University, New York, NY;
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Gaibar M, Galán M, Romero-Lorca A, Antón B, Malón D, Moreno A, Fernández-Santander A, Novillo A. Genetic Variants of ANGPT1, CD39, FGF2 and MMP9 Linked to Clinical Outcome of Bevacizumab Plus Chemotherapy for Metastatic Colorectal Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22031381. [PMID: 33573134 PMCID: PMC7866547 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22031381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2021] [Revised: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Angiogenesis pathway genes show substantial genetic variability causing inter-individual differences in responses to anti-angiogenic drugs. We examined 20 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in 13 of these genes to predict tumour response and clinical outcome measured as progression free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) in 57 patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) given bevacizumab plus chemotherapy. SNPs were detected (iPLEX® Assay) in genomic DNA extracted from formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tumour specimens. The variant allele CD39 rs11188513 was associated with a good tumour response (p = 0.024). Patients homozygous for the wild-type allele FGF2 rs1960669 showed a median PFS of 10.95 months versus 5.44 months for those with at least one variant allele-A (HR 3.30; 95% CI: 1.52–7.14; p = 0.001). Patients homozygous for wild-type MMP9 rs2236416 and rs2274755 showed a median PFS of 9.48 months versus 6 and 6.62 months, respectively, for those with at least one variant allele (p = 0.022, p = 0.043, respectively). OS was also lengthened to 30.92 months (p = 0.034) in carriers of wild-type ANGPT1 rs2445365 versus 22.07 months for those carrying at least one variant allele-A. These gene variants were able to predict clinical outcome and tumour response in mCRC patients given bevacizumab-based therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Gaibar
- Department of Health Sciences, Health Sciences Faculty, European University of Madrid, Villaviciosa de Odón, 28670 Madrid, Spain; (M.G.); (M.G.)
| | - Miguel Galán
- Department of Health Sciences, Health Sciences Faculty, European University of Madrid, Villaviciosa de Odón, 28670 Madrid, Spain; (M.G.); (M.G.)
| | - Alicia Romero-Lorca
- Department of Medicine, Health Sciences Faculty, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Villaviciosa de Odón, 28670 Madrid, Spain; (A.R.-L.); (A.F.-S.)
| | - Beatriz Antón
- Department of Oncology, University Hospital of Fuenlabrada, Fuenlabrada, 28942 Madrid, Spain; (B.A.); (D.M.)
| | - Diego Malón
- Department of Oncology, University Hospital of Fuenlabrada, Fuenlabrada, 28942 Madrid, Spain; (B.A.); (D.M.)
| | - Amalia Moreno
- Department of Pathological Anatomy, University Hospital of Fuenlabrada, Fuenlabrada, 28942 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Ana Fernández-Santander
- Department of Medicine, Health Sciences Faculty, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Villaviciosa de Odón, 28670 Madrid, Spain; (A.R.-L.); (A.F.-S.)
| | - Apolonia Novillo
- Department of Pre-Clinical Dentistry, Health Sciences Faculty, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Villaviciosa de Odón, 28670 Madrid, Spain
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-912-115-393
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41
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Chen C, Li X, Li C, Jin J, Wang D, Zhao Y, Gu Y, Chen M, Zhu S, Liu H, Lv T, Zhang F, Song Y. CD39 + Regulatory T Cells Attenuate Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Acute Lung Injury via Autophagy and the ERK/FOS Pathway. Front Immunol 2021; 11:602605. [PMID: 33488601 PMCID: PMC7819860 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.602605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Accepted: 11/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is characterized by an uncontrollable cytokine storm, which is associated with high mortality due to lack of effective treatment. Regulatory T cells (Tregs) play an indispensable role in maintaining immune homeostasis and CD39 is considered as a functional cell marker of Tregs. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the effect of CD39+ Tregs on acute lung injury (ALI) and investigate the frequency of CD39+ Tregs in ARDS patients. We found that after lipopolysaccharide (LPS) treatment, CD39-/- mice exhibited more severe inflammation and wild type (WT) mice exhibited a decreased frequency of CD39+ Tregs in the peripheral blood. Furthermore, CD39+ Tregs had a protective effect on LPS-induced inflammation in vitro and the adoptive transfer of CD39+ Tregs had a therapeutic effect on ALI in vivo. We further sought to explore the mechanisms that affect CD39 expression on Tregs. LPS-induced inflammation in the lung impaired the immunosuppressive effect of Tregs via the autophagy-mediated downregulation of CD39. In addition, CD39 induced the expression of itself in Tregs via activating the ERK1/2-FOS pathway. Consistent with this finding, the frequency of CD39+ Tregs was also decreased in the peripheral blood of ARDS patients and was positively correlated with disease severity. Our results suggested that the adoptive transfer of CD39+ Tregs may provide a novel method for the clinical prevention and treatment of ARDS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cen Chen
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Jinling Hospital, The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xinying Li
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chuling Li
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jiajia Jin
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Jinling Hospital, The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Donghui Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yuan Zhao
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Critical Care Medicine, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yanli Gu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Meizi Chen
- Department of General Internal Medicine, The First People’s Hospital of Chenzhou, Chenzhou, China
| | - Suhua Zhu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Jinling Hospital, The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hongbing Liu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Tangfeng Lv
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Jinling Hospital, The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Fang Zhang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Jinling Hospital, The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yong Song
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Jinling Hospital, The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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Pelleg A. Extracellular adenosine 5'-triphosphate in pulmonary disorders. Biochem Pharmacol 2020; 187:114319. [PMID: 33161021 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2020.114319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2020] [Revised: 11/01/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Adenosine 5'-triphosphate (ATP) is found in every cell of the human body where it plays a critical role in cellular energetics and metabolism. ATP is released from cells under physiologic and pathophysiologic condition; extracellular ATP is rapidly degraded to adenosine 5'-diphosphate (ADP) and adenosine by ecto-enzymes (mainly, CD39 and CD73). Before its degradation, ATP acts as an autocrine and paracrine agent exerting its effects on targeted cells by activating cell surface receptors named P2 Purinergic receptors. The latter are expressed by different cell types in the lungs, the activation of which is involved in multiple pulmonary disorders. This succinct review summarizes the role of ATP in inflammation processes associated with these disorders including bronchoconstriction, cough, mechanical ventilation-induced lung injury and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. All of these disorders still constitute unmet clinical needs. Therefore, the various ATP-signaling pathways in pulmonary inflammation constitute attractive targets for novel drug-candidates that would improve the management of patients with multiple pulmonary diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Pelleg
- Danmir Therapeutics, LLC, Haverford, PA, USA. http://www.danmirtherapeutics.com
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43
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The P2X7 ion channel is dispensable for energy and metabolic homeostasis of white and brown adipose tissues. Purinergic Signal 2020; 16:529-542. [PMID: 33025427 PMCID: PMC7855144 DOI: 10.1007/s11302-020-09738-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Accepted: 09/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Several studies suggest a role of extracellular adenine nucleotides in regulating adipose tissue functions via the purinergic signaling network. Metabolic studies in mice with global deletion of the purinergic receptor P2X7 on the C57BL/6 background indicate that this receptor has only a minor role in adipose tissue for diet-induced inflammation or cold-triggered thermogenesis. However, recent data show that a polymorphism (P451L) present in C57BL/6 mice attenuates P2X7 receptor function, whereas BALB/c mice express the fully functional P451 allele. To determine the potential role of P2rx7 under metabolic and thermogenic stress conditions, we performed comparative studies using male P2rx7 knockout (KO) and respective wild-type controls on both BALB/c and C57BL/6 backgrounds. Our data show that adipose P2rx7 mRNA levels are increased in obese mice. Moreover, P2rx7 deficiency results in reduced levels of circulating CCL2 and IL6 with a moderate effect on gene expression of pro-inflammatory markers in white adipose tissue and liver of BALB/c and C57BL/6 mice. However, P2X7 expression does not alter body weight, insulin resistance, and hyperglycemia associated with high-fat diet feeding on both genetic backgrounds. Furthermore, deficiency of P2rx7 is dispensable for energy expenditure at thermoneutral and acute cold exposure conditions. In summary, these data show that-apart from a moderate effect on inflammatory cytokines-P2X7 plays only a minor role in inflammatory and thermogenic effects of white and brown adipose tissue even on the BALB/c background.
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Libera J, Wittner M, Kantowski M, Woost R, Eberhard JM, de Heer J, Reher D, Huber S, Haag F, Schulze Zur Wiesch J. Decreased Frequency of Intestinal CD39 + γδ + T Cells With Tissue-Resident Memory Phenotype in Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Front Immunol 2020; 11:567472. [PMID: 33072107 PMCID: PMC7541837 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.567472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2020] [Accepted: 08/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The ectoenzymes CD39 and CD73 play a major role in controlling tissue inflammation by regulating the balance between adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and adenosine. Still, little is known about the role of these two enzymes and ATP and its metabolites in the pathophysiology of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). We isolated mononuclear cells from peripheral blood and lamina propria of the large intestine of patients diagnosed with IBD and of healthy volunteers. We then comprehensively analyzed the CD39 and CD73 expression patterns together with markers of activation (HLA-DR, CD38), differentiation (CCR7, CD45RA) and tissue-residency (CD69, CD103, CD49a) on CD4+, CD8+, γδ+ T cells and mucosa-associated invariant T cells using flow cytometry. CD39 expression levels of γδ+ and CD8+ T cells in lamina propria lymphocytes (LPL) were much higher compared to peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Moreover, the frequency of CD39+ CD4+ and CD8+, but not γδ+ LPL positively correlated with T-cell activation. The frequency of CD39+ cells among tissue-resident memory LPL (Trm) was higher compared to non-Trm for all subsets, confirming that CD39 is a marker for the tissue-resident memory phenotype. γδ+ Trm also showed a distinct cytokine profile upon stimulation – the frequency of IFN-γ+ and IL-17A+ cells was significantly lower in γδ+ Trm compared to non-Trm. Interestingly, we observed a decreased frequency of CD39+ γδ+ T cells in IBD patients compared to healthy controls (p = 0.0049). Prospective studies need to elucidate the exact role of this novel CD39+ γδ+ T-cell population with tissue-resident memory phenotype and its possible contribution to the pathogenesis of IBD and other inflammatory disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jana Libera
- I. Department of Medicine, Infectious Disease Unit, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Melanie Wittner
- I. Department of Medicine, Infectious Disease Unit, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.,German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Hamburg Lübeck Borstel Riems, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Marcus Kantowski
- Clinic and Polyclinic for Interdisciplinary Endoscopy, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Robin Woost
- I. Department of Medicine, Infectious Disease Unit, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.,German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Hamburg Lübeck Borstel Riems, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Johanna M Eberhard
- I. Department of Medicine, Infectious Disease Unit, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.,German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Hamburg Lübeck Borstel Riems, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jocelyn de Heer
- Clinic and Polyclinic for Interdisciplinary Endoscopy, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Dominik Reher
- I. Department of Medicine, Infectious Disease Unit, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Samuel Huber
- I. Department of Medicine, Infectious Disease Unit, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Friedrich Haag
- Institute of Immunology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Julian Schulze Zur Wiesch
- I. Department of Medicine, Infectious Disease Unit, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.,German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Hamburg Lübeck Borstel Riems, Hamburg, Germany
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45
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Nonhuman Primate Testing of the Impact of Different Regulatory T Cell Depletion Strategies on Reactivation and Clearance of Latent Simian Immunodeficiency Virus. J Virol 2020; 94:JVI.00533-20. [PMID: 32669326 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.00533-20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2020] [Accepted: 07/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Regulatory T cells (Tregs) may be key contributors to the HIV/SIV latent reservoir, since they harbor high levels of HIV/SIV; reverse CD4+ T cell immune activation status, increasing the pool of resting CD4+ T cells; and impair CD8+ T cell function, favoring HIV persistence. We tested the hypothesis that Treg depletion is a valid intervention toward an HIV cure by depleted Tregs in 14 rhesus macaque (RM) controllers infected with SIVsab, the virus that naturally infects sabaeus monkeys, through different strategies: administration of an anti-CCR4 immunotoxin, two doses of an anti-CD25 immunotoxin (interleukin-2 with diphtheria toxin [IL-2-DT]), or two combinations of both. All of these treatments resulted in significant depletion of the circulating Tregs (>70%) and their partial depletion in the gut (25%) and lymph nodes (>50%). The fractions of CD4+ T cells expressing Ki -67 increased up to 80% in experiments containing IL-2-DT and only 30% in anti-CCR4-treated RMs, paralleled by increases in the inflammatory cytokines. In the absence of ART, plasma virus rebounded to 103 vRNA copies/ml by day 10 after IL-2-DT administration. A large but transient boost of the SIV-specific CD8+ T cell responses occurred in IL-2-DT-treated RMs. Such increases were minimal in the RMs receiving anti-CCR4-based regimens. Five RMs received IL-2-DT on ART, but treatment was discontinued because of high toxicity and lymphopenia. As such, while all treatments depleted a significant proportion of Tregs, the side effects in the presence of ART prevent their clinical use and call for different Treg depletion approaches. Thus, based on our data, Treg targeting as a strategy for HIV cure cannot be discarded.IMPORTANCE Regulatory T cells (Tregs) can decisively contribute to the establishment and persistence of the HIV reservoir, since they harbor high levels of HIV/SIV, increase the pool of resting CD4+ T cells by reversing their immune activation status, and impair CD8+ T cell function, favoring HIV persistence. We tested multiple Treg depletion strategies and showed that all of them are at least partially successful in depleting Tregs. As such, Treg depletion appears to be a valid intervention toward an HIV cure, reducing the size of the reservoir, reactivating the virus, and boosting cell-mediated immune responses. Yet, when Treg depletion was attempted in ART-suppressed animals, the treatment had to be discontinued due to high toxicity and lymphopenia. Therefore, while Treg targeting as a strategy for HIV cure cannot be discarded, the methodology for Treg depletion has to be revisited.
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Holbrook BC, Alexander-Miller MA. Higher Frequency and Increased Expression of Molecules Associated with Suppression on T Regulatory Cells from Newborn Compared with Adult Nonhuman Primates. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2020; 205:2128-2136. [PMID: 32878911 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2000461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 08/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
T regulatory cells (Tregs) play a critical role in controlling the immune response, often limiting pathogen-specific cells to curb immune-mediated damage. Studies in human infants have reported an increased representation of Tregs in these individuals. However, how these cells differ from those in adults at various sites and how they respond to activation signals is relatively unknown. In this study, we used a newborn nonhuman primate model to assess Treg populations present at multiple sites with regard to frequency and phenotype in comparison with those present in adult animals. We found that Foxp3+ cells were more highly represented in the T cell compartment of newborn nonhuman primates for all sites examined (i.e., the spleen, lung, and circulation). In the spleen and circulation, newborn-derived Tregs expressed significantly higher levels of Foxp3 and CD25 compared with adults, consistent with an effector phenotype. Strikingly, the phenotype of Tregs in the lungs of adult and infant animals was relatively similar, with both adult and newborn Tregs exhibiting a more uniform PD-1+CD39+ phenotype. Finally, in vitro, newborn Tregs exhibited an increased requirement for TCR engagement for survival. Further, these cells upregulated CD39 more robustly than their adult counterpart. Together, these data provide new insights into the quantity of Tregs in newborns, their activation state, and their potential to respond to activation signals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beth C Holbrook
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27101
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Buszko M, Shevach EM. Control of regulatory T cell homeostasis. Curr Opin Immunol 2020; 67:18-26. [PMID: 32810642 DOI: 10.1016/j.coi.2020.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
CD4+ Foxp3+ T Regulatory (Treg) cells play a critical role in the homeostasis and maintenance of the immune system. The understanding of different aspects of Treg cells biology remains an intensively investigated subject as altering their generation, stability, or function by drugs or biologics may have therapeutic value in the treatment of autoimmune and inflammatory diseases as well as cancers. This review will focus on recent studies on the role of cytokines, T Cell Receptor (TCR) and co-stimulatory/co-inhibitory molecules signaling, location and metabolism on the homeostasis and stability of Treg cells. The potential for therapeutic manipulation of each of these factors will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maja Buszko
- Laboratory of Immune System Biology, Cellular Immunology Section, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Ethan M Shevach
- Laboratory of Immune System Biology, Cellular Immunology Section, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
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Wang S, Gao S, Zhou D, Qian X, Luan J, Lv X. The role of the CD39-CD73-adenosine pathway in liver disease. J Cell Physiol 2020; 236:851-862. [PMID: 32648591 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.29932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2020] [Revised: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 07/01/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Extracellular adenosine triphosphate (ATP) is a danger signal released by dying and damaged cells, and it functions as an immunostimulatory signal that promotes inflammation. The ectonucleotidases CD39/ectonucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase-1 and CD73/ecto-5'-nucleotidase are cell-surface enzymes that breakdown extracellular ATP into adenosine. This drives a shift from an ATP-driven proinflammatory environment to an anti-inflammatory milieu induced by adenosine. The CD39-CD73-adenosine pathway changes dynamically with the pathophysiological context in which it is embedded. Accumulating evidence suggests that CD39 and CD73 play important roles in liver disease as critical components of the extracellular adenosinergic pathway. Recent studies have shown that the modification of the CD39-CD73-adenosine pathway alters the liver's response to injury. Moreover, adenosine exerts different effects on the pathophysiology of the liver through different receptors. In this review, we aim to describe the role of the CD39-CD73-adenosine pathway and adenosine receptors in liver disease, highlighting potential therapeutic targets in this pathway, which will facilitate the development of therapeutic strategies for the treatment of liver disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College (Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College), Wuhu, Anhui, China.,The Key Laboratory of Anti-Inflammatory and Immune Medicines, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Institute for Liver Disease, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Songsen Gao
- Department of Orthopedics (Spinal Surgery), The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Dexi Zhou
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College (Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College), Wuhu, Anhui, China
| | - Xueyi Qian
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College (Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College), Wuhu, Anhui, China
| | - Jiajie Luan
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College (Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College), Wuhu, Anhui, China
| | - Xiongwen Lv
- The Key Laboratory of Anti-Inflammatory and Immune Medicines, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Institute for Liver Disease, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
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Gerner MC, Ziegler LS, Schmidt RLJ, Krenn M, Zimprich F, Uyanik‐Ünal K, Konstantopoulou V, Derdak S, Del Favero G, Schwarzinger I, Boztug K, Schmetterer KG. The TGF-b/SOX4 axis and ROS-driven autophagy co-mediate CD39 expression in regulatory T-cells. FASEB J 2020; 34:8367-8384. [PMID: 32319705 PMCID: PMC7317981 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201902664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2019] [Accepted: 04/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The ectonucleotidase CD39 on human regulatory T-cells (Treg) is an important immune regulator which is dysregulated in autoimmune diseases and cancer immunosuppression. We here define that CD39 expression on Treg is independent of the Treg-specific transcription factors FOXP3 and HELIOS and promoted by canonical TGF-b- and mTOR-signaling. Furthermore, the TGF-b mediated upregulation of CD39 is counteracted by reactive oxygen species (ROS)-driven autophagy. In line, CD39+ peripheral blood Treg constitute a distinct lineage with low autophagic flux and absent ROS production. Patients with rare genetic defects in autophagy show supraphysiological levels of CD39+ Treg, validating our observations in vivo. These biological processes rely on a distinct transcriptional program with CD39+ Treg expressing low levels of two genes with putative involvement in autophagy, NEFL and PLAC8. Furthermore, the TGF-b downstream transcription factor SOX4 is selectively upregulated in CD39+ Treg. Overexpression of SOX4 in Treg strongly increases CD39 expression, while Crispr/Cas9-mediated knockout of SOX4 in Treg has the opposing effect. Thus, we identify a crucial role of SOX4 in immune regulation and provide new insights involving the interplay of tolerogenic cues and autophagy in Treg.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marlene C. Gerner
- Department of Laboratory MedicineMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria
| | - Liesa S. Ziegler
- Department of Laboratory MedicineMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria
| | - Ralf L. J. Schmidt
- Department of Laboratory MedicineMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria
| | - Martin Krenn
- Department of NeurologyMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria
| | - Fritz Zimprich
- Department of NeurologyMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria
| | | | | | - Sophia Derdak
- Core Facility GenomicsMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria
| | - Giorgia Del Favero
- Department of Food Chemistry and ToxicologyFaculty of ChemistryUniversity of ViennaViennaAustria
| | - Ilse Schwarzinger
- Department of Laboratory MedicineMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria
| | - Kaan Boztug
- Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of SciencesViennaAustria
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Guedes MCE, Arroz MJ, Martins C, Angelo-Dias M, Proença RD, Borrego LM. Regulatory T cells and IL-17A levels in noninfectious uveitis. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 2020; 258:1269-1278. [PMID: 32200408 DOI: 10.1007/s00417-020-04649-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2019] [Revised: 02/06/2020] [Accepted: 03/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Regulatory T cells (Tregs) have been intensively studied in a myriad of autoimmune diseases. As for noninfectious uveitis (NIU), results have been contradictory, and studies have failed to demonstrate a consistent reduction in Treg cell frequency in patients with active disease. The present study aims to characterize T lymphocyte subsets, including naïve and memory Tregs as well as their respective CD39 expression, in the peripheral blood of NIU patients. Inflammatory as well as suppressive cytokine profiles were also evaluated. METHODS T cell subpopulations were evaluated by multiparametric flow cytometry using anti-CD3, anti-CD4, anti-CD45, anti-CD45RA, anti-CD197, anti-CD25, anti-CD127, and anti-CD39. Treg cells were defined as CD3 + CD4+CD25hiCD127low. A multiplex bead-based immunoassay was used to determine TNF-α, IFN-ɣ, IL-17A, IL-10, and TGF-β levels. RESULTS Twenty-nine patients with active NIU were included as well as 15 sex- and age-matched controls. There were no significant differences in T lymphocyte subsets, including Tregs, between patients and controls. However, patients with a lower grade of anterior chamber or vitreous inflammatory cellular reaction showed higher memory Treg counts than controls, with no respective increase in CD39+ expression, and a tendency for higher IL-17A levels (p = 0.06). This IL-17A elevation was present in the total NIU group (p = 0.08) as well as a positive correlation between IL-17A levels and the absolute counts of memory Tregs (p = 0.013; R = 0.465). Patients with higher IL-17A levels also showed higher serum concentrations of memory (p = 0.001) and naïve (p = 0.003) Tregs as well as elevated TNF-α (p < 0.0001) and IFN-ɣ (p = 0.016) levels. Negative correlations were observed between IL-10 and TGF-β levels and the percentages of memory (p = 0.030; R = - 0.411) and total CD39+ Tregs (p = 0.051; R = - 0.373) in the peripheral blood of NIU patients. CONCLUSION Our results showed that total Treg levels were not reduced in patients with NIU. Further characterization of Treg subsets, including memory Tregs and respective CD39 expression, may provide additional insight on the role of Treg cells in NIU. Consistent high levels of circulating IL-17A in NIU patients are in accordance with previous studies and reinforce this cytokine's vital role in uveitis pathogenesis and its possible use as a therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Maria Jorge Arroz
- Clinical Pathology Department, Western Lisbon Hospital Center-São Francisco Xavier Hospital, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Catarina Martins
- CEDOC, NOVA Medical School and Comprehensive Health Research Center (CHRC), Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Miguel Angelo-Dias
- CEDOC, NOVA Medical School and Comprehensive Health Research Center (CHRC), Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Rui Daniel Proença
- Coimbra Surgical Center and Coimbra Hospital and Universitary Center, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Luis Miguel Borrego
- Luz Lisbon Hospital and CEDOC, NOVA Medical School and Comprehensive Health Research Center (CHRC), Lisbon, Portugal
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