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Wei X, Liu S, Chen K, Wang M, Wang Y, Zou D, Xiao Y. Knockdown of BMP7 induced oligodendrocyte apoptosis, demyelination and motor function loss. Mol Cell Neurosci 2024; 131:103973. [PMID: 39332617 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcn.2024.103973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2024] [Revised: 09/17/2024] [Accepted: 09/21/2024] [Indexed: 09/29/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Demyelinating diseases, including multiple sclerosis (MS) and spinal cord injury (SCI), lead to significant neurological deficits primarily due to the loss of oligodendrocytes (OLs). Bone Morphogenetic Protein 7 (BMP7) is expressed abundantly in the central nervous system and previous studies showed its protective effect in reducing OL loss. In this study, we aim to explore BMP7's potential as a biomarker and therapeutic target for demyelinating diseases by investigating its expression and effects on OLs and myelin sheath integrity. METHOD We analyzed multiple Gene Expression Omnibus datasets for BMP7 expression profiles in demyelinating conditions such as MS and SCI. Experimentally, we employed a BMP7 knockdown model in rat spinal cords using adeno-associated virus8 vectors to specifically reduce BMP7 expression. Western blotting, immunofluorescence, and Nissl staining were used to assess the effect on OL and other types of cells. The structure of myelin sheath and locomotor function were evaluated using transmission electron microscopy and BBB scores, and statistical analysis included ROC curves and ANOVA to evaluate BMP7's diagnostic and therapeutic potential. RESULTS BMP7 expression consistently decreased across various demyelinating models, and BMP7 knockdown led to increased OL apoptosis through the Smad1/5/9 pathway, with no apparent effect on other cell types. This reduction in OLs was associated with myelin degeneration, axonal damage, and impaired motor function. CONCLUSION The study confirms BMP7's significant involvement in the pathophysiology of demyelinating diseases and supports its potential as a therapeutic target or biomarker. Future research should focus on therapeutic strategies to enhance BMP7 function and further investigate the mechanisms by which BMP7 supports myelin integrity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojin Wei
- Department of Pain Management and Anesthesiology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Shuxin Liu
- Department of Pain Management and Anesthesiology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Kai Chen
- Department of Pain Management and Anesthesiology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; Clinical Research Center for Pain Medicine in Hunan Province, Changsha, Hunan, China.
| | - Meng Wang
- Department of Pain Management and Anesthesiology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; Clinical Research Center for Pain Medicine in Hunan Province, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yaping Wang
- Department of Pain Management and Anesthesiology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; Clinical Research Center for Pain Medicine in Hunan Province, Changsha, Hunan, China.
| | - Dingquan Zou
- Department of Pain Management and Anesthesiology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; Clinical Research Center for Pain Medicine in Hunan Province, Changsha, Hunan, China.
| | - Yanying Xiao
- Department of Pain Management and Anesthesiology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; Clinical Research Center for Pain Medicine in Hunan Province, Changsha, Hunan, China.
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2
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Woo MS, Engler JB, Friese MA. The neuropathobiology of multiple sclerosis. Nat Rev Neurosci 2024; 25:493-513. [PMID: 38789516 DOI: 10.1038/s41583-024-00823-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
Chronic low-grade inflammation and neuronal deregulation are two components of a smoldering disease activity that drives the progression of disability in people with multiple sclerosis (MS). Although several therapies exist to dampen the acute inflammation that drives MS relapses, therapeutic options to halt chronic disability progression are a major unmet clinical need. The development of such therapies is hindered by our limited understanding of the neuron-intrinsic determinants of resilience or vulnerability to inflammation. In this Review, we provide a neuron-centric overview of recent advances in deciphering neuronal response patterns that drive the pathology of MS. We describe the inflammatory CNS environment that initiates neurotoxicity by imposing ion imbalance, excitotoxicity and oxidative stress, and by direct neuro-immune interactions, which collectively lead to mitochondrial dysfunction and epigenetic dysregulation. The neuronal demise is further amplified by breakdown of neuronal transport, accumulation of cytosolic proteins and activation of cell death pathways. Continuous neuronal damage perpetuates CNS inflammation by activating surrounding glia cells and by directly exerting toxicity on neighbouring neurons. Further, we explore strategies to overcome neuronal deregulation in MS and compile a selection of neuronal actuators shown to impact neurodegeneration in preclinical studies. We conclude by discussing the therapeutic potential of targeting such neuronal actuators in MS, including some that have already been tested in interventional clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcel S Woo
- Institut für Neuroimmunologie und Multiple Sklerose, Zentrum für Molekulare Neurobiologie Hamburg, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jan Broder Engler
- Institut für Neuroimmunologie und Multiple Sklerose, Zentrum für Molekulare Neurobiologie Hamburg, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Manuel A Friese
- Institut für Neuroimmunologie und Multiple Sklerose, Zentrum für Molekulare Neurobiologie Hamburg, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.
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3
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Beliën J, Swinnen S, D'hondt R, de Juan LV, Dedoncker N, Matthys P, Bauer J, Vens C, Moylett S, Dubois B. CHIT1 at diagnosis predicts faster disability progression and reflects early microglial activation in multiple sclerosis. Nat Commun 2024; 15:5013. [PMID: 38866782 PMCID: PMC11169395 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-49312-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is characterized by heterogeneity in disease course and prediction of long-term outcome remains a major challenge. Here, we investigate five myeloid markers - CHIT1, CHI3L1, sTREM2, GPNMB and CCL18 - in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) at diagnostic lumbar puncture in a longitudinal cohort of 192 MS patients. Through mixed-effects and machine learning models, we show that CHIT1 is a robust predictor for faster disability progression. Integrative analysis of 11 CSF and 26 central nervous system (CNS) parenchyma single-cell/nucleus RNA sequencing samples reveals CHIT1 to be predominantly expressed by microglia located in active MS lesions and enriched for lipid metabolism pathways. Furthermore, we find CHIT1 expression to accompany the transition from a homeostatic towards a more activated, MS-associated cell state in microglia. Neuropathological evaluation in post-mortem tissue from 12 MS patients confirms CHIT1 production by lipid-laden phagocytes in actively demyelinating lesions, already in early disease stages. Altogether, we provide a rationale for CHIT1 as an early biomarker for faster disability progression in MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jarne Beliën
- Laboratory for Neuroimmunology, Department of Neurosciences, Leuven Brain Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Stijn Swinnen
- Laboratory for Neuroimmunology, Department of Neurosciences, Leuven Brain Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Neurology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Robbe D'hondt
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, KU Leuven, Kortrijk, Belgium
- Imec research group itec, KU Leuven, Kortrijk, Belgium
| | - Laia Verdú de Juan
- Department of Neuroimmunology, Center for Brain Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Nina Dedoncker
- Laboratory for Neuroimmunology, Department of Neurosciences, Leuven Brain Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Patrick Matthys
- Laboratory of Immunobiology, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Rega Institute for Medical Research, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jan Bauer
- Department of Neuroimmunology, Center for Brain Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Celine Vens
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, KU Leuven, Kortrijk, Belgium
- Imec research group itec, KU Leuven, Kortrijk, Belgium
| | - Sinéad Moylett
- Laboratory for Neuroimmunology, Department of Neurosciences, Leuven Brain Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Bénédicte Dubois
- Laboratory for Neuroimmunology, Department of Neurosciences, Leuven Brain Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
- Department of Neurology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
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4
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Yang F, Begemann A, Reichhart N, Haeckel A, Steindl K, Schellenberger E, Sturm RF, Barth M, Bassani S, Boonsawat P, Courtin T, Delobel B, Gunning B, Hardies K, Jennesson M, Legoff L, Linnankivi T, Prouteau C, Smal N, Spodenkiewicz M, Toelle SP, Van Gassen K, Van Paesschen W, Verbeek N, Ziegler A, Zweier M, Horn AHC, Sticht H, Lerche H, Weckhuysen S, Strauß O, Rauch A. Missense variants in ANO4 cause sporadic encephalopathic or familial epilepsy with evidence for a dominant-negative effect. Am J Hum Genet 2024; 111:1184-1205. [PMID: 38744284 PMCID: PMC11179416 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2024.04.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Revised: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Anoctamins are a family of Ca2+-activated proteins that may act as ion channels and/or phospholipid scramblases with limited understanding of function and disease association. Here, we identified five de novo and two inherited missense variants in ANO4 (alias TMEM16D) as a cause of fever-sensitive developmental and epileptic or epileptic encephalopathy (DEE/EE) and generalized epilepsy with febrile seizures plus (GEFS+) or temporal lobe epilepsy. In silico modeling of the ANO4 structure predicted that all identified variants lead to destabilization of the ANO4 structure. Four variants are localized close to the Ca2+ binding sites of ANO4, suggesting impaired protein function. Variant mapping to the protein topology suggests a preliminary genotype-phenotype correlation. Moreover, the observation of a heterozygous ANO4 deletion in a healthy individual suggests a dysfunctional protein as disease mechanism rather than haploinsufficiency. To test this hypothesis, we examined mutant ANO4 functional properties in a heterologous expression system by patch-clamp recordings, immunocytochemistry, and surface expression of annexin A5 as a measure of phosphatidylserine scramblase activity. All ANO4 variants showed severe loss of ion channel function and DEE/EE associated variants presented mild loss of surface expression due to impaired plasma membrane trafficking. Increased levels of Ca2+-independent annexin A5 at the cell surface suggested an increased apoptosis rate in DEE-mutant expressing cells, but no changes in Ca2+-dependent scramblase activity were observed. Co-transfection with ANO4 wild-type suggested a dominant-negative effect. In summary, we expand the genetic base for both encephalopathic sporadic and inherited fever-sensitive epilepsies and link germline variants in ANO4 to a hereditary disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Yang
- Experimental Ophthalmology, Department of Ophthalmology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, a Corporate Member of Freie Universität, Humboldt-University, the Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Anais Begemann
- Institute of Medical Genetics, University of Zurich, Schlieren-Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Nadine Reichhart
- Experimental Ophthalmology, Department of Ophthalmology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, a Corporate Member of Freie Universität, Humboldt-University, the Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Akvile Haeckel
- Institute for Radiology and Children's Radiology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, a Corporate Member of Freie Universität, Humboldt-University, the Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Katharina Steindl
- Institute of Medical Genetics, University of Zurich, Schlieren-Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Eyk Schellenberger
- Institute for Radiology and Children's Radiology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, a Corporate Member of Freie Universität, Humboldt-University, the Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ronja Fini Sturm
- Experimental Ophthalmology, Department of Ophthalmology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, a Corporate Member of Freie Universität, Humboldt-University, the Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Magalie Barth
- University Hospital of Angers, Department of Genetics, Angers, France
| | - Sissy Bassani
- Institute of Medical Genetics, University of Zurich, Schlieren-Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Paranchai Boonsawat
- Institute of Medical Genetics, University of Zurich, Schlieren-Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Thomas Courtin
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, CNRS, Institut du Cerveau - Paris Brain Institute - ICM, 75013 Paris, France; Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, DMU BioGe'M, AP-HP, 75013 Paris, France
| | - Bruno Delobel
- Service de Cytogénétique, GH de l'Institut Catholique de Lille, Hopital Saint Vincent de Paul, Lille, France
| | | | - Katia Hardies
- Applied & Translational Neurogenomics Group, VIB Center for Molecular Neurology, VIB, University of Antwerp, 2610 Antwerp, Belgium
| | | | - Louis Legoff
- University Hospital of Angers, Department of Genetics, Angers, France
| | - Tarja Linnankivi
- Epilepsia Helsinki, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, 00029 HUS Helsinki, Finland; Department of Pediatric Neurology and Pediatric Research Center, New Children's Hospital, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, 00029 HUS Helsinki, Finland
| | - Clément Prouteau
- University Hospital of Angers, Department of Genetics, Angers, France
| | - Noor Smal
- Applied & Translational Neurogenomics Group, VIB Center for Molecular Neurology, VIB, University of Antwerp, 2610 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Marta Spodenkiewicz
- Department of Genetics, La Réunion University Hospital, Saint-Pierre, France
| | - Sandra P Toelle
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, Children's University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Koen Van Gassen
- University Medical Center Utrecht, Department of Genetics, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Wim Van Paesschen
- Laboratory for Epilepsy Research, KU Leuven, and Neurology Department, University Hospitals Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Nienke Verbeek
- University Medical Center Utrecht, Department of Genetics, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Alban Ziegler
- University Hospital of Angers, Department of Genetics, Angers, France
| | - Markus Zweier
- Institute of Medical Genetics, University of Zurich, Schlieren-Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Anselm H C Horn
- Institute of Medical Genetics, University of Zurich, Schlieren-Zurich, Switzerland; Division of Bioinformatics, Institute of Biochemistry, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Heinrich Sticht
- Division of Bioinformatics, Institute of Biochemistry, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Holger Lerche
- Department of Neurology and Epileptology, Hertie-Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Sarah Weckhuysen
- Applied & Translational Neurogenomics Group, VIB Center for Molecular Neurology, VIB, University of Antwerp, 2610 Antwerp, Belgium; Department of Neurology, Antwerp University Hospital, Antwerp, Belgium; Translational Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, University of Antwerp, 2610 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Olaf Strauß
- Experimental Ophthalmology, Department of Ophthalmology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, a Corporate Member of Freie Universität, Humboldt-University, the Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Anita Rauch
- Institute of Medical Genetics, University of Zurich, Schlieren-Zurich, Switzerland; Children's University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
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5
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Alshehri A, Koussis N, Al-Iedani O, Khormi I, Lea R, Ramadan S, Lechner-Scott J. Improvement of the thalamocortical white matter network in people with stable treated relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis over time. NMR IN BIOMEDICINE 2024; 37:e5119. [PMID: 38383137 DOI: 10.1002/nbm.5119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
Advanced imaging techniques (tractography) enable the mapping of white matter (WM) pathways and the understanding of brain connectivity patterns. We combined tractography with a network-based approach to examine WM microstructure on a network level in people with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (pw-RRMS) and healthy controls (HCs) over 2 years. Seventy-six pw-RRMS matched with 43 HCs underwent clinical assessments and 3T MRI scans at baseline (BL) and 2-year follow-up (2-YFU). Probabilistic tractography was performed, accounting for the effect of lesions, producing connectomes of 25 million streamlines. Network differences in fibre density across pw-RRMS and HCs at BL and 2-YFU were quantified using network-based statistics (NBS). Longitudinal network differences in fibre density were quantified using NBS in pw-RRMS, and were tested for correlations with disability, cognition and fatigue scores. Widespread network reductions in fibre density were found in pw-RRMS compared with HCs at BL in cortical regions, with more reductions detected at 2-YFU. Pw-RRMS had reduced fibre density at BL in the thalamocortical network compared to 2-YFU. This effect appeared after correction for age, was robust across different thresholds, and did not correlate with lesion volume or disease duration. Pw-RRMS demonstrated a robust and long-distance improvement in the thalamocortical WM network, regardless of age, disease burden, duration or therapy, suggesting a potential locus of neuroplasticity in MS. This network's role over the disease's lifespan and its potential implications in prognosis and treatment warrants further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdulaziz Alshehri
- School of Health Sciences, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia
- Department of Radiology, King Fahd University Hospital, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nikitas Koussis
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia
- School of Psychological Sciences, College of Engineering, Science and Environment, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
| | - Oun Al-Iedani
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
| | - Ibrahim Khormi
- School of Health Sciences, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia
- College of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rodney Lea
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia
| | - Saadallah Ramadan
- School of Health Sciences, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia
| | - Jeannette Lechner-Scott
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia
- Department of Neurology, John Hunter Hospital, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia
- School of Medicine and Public Health, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
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6
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Kunzelmann K, Ousingsawat J, Schreiber R. VSI: The anoctamins: Structure and function: "Intracellular" anoctamins. Cell Calcium 2024; 120:102888. [PMID: 38657371 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceca.2024.102888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Revised: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Plasma membrane localized anoctamin 1, 2 and 6 (TMEM16A, B, F) have been examined in great detail with respect to structure and function, but much less is known about the other seven intracellular members of this exciting family of proteins. This is probably due to their limited accessibility in intracellular membranous compartments, such as the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) or endosomes. However, these so-called intracellular anoctamins are also found in the plasma membrane (PM) which adds to the confusion regarding their cellular role. Probably all intracellular anoctamins except of ANO8 operate as intracellular phospholipid (PL) scramblases, allowing for Ca2+-activated, passive transport of phospholipids like phosphatidylserine between both membrane leaflets. Probably all of them also conduct ions, which is probably part of their physiological function. In this brief overview, we summarize key findings on the biological functions of ANO3, 4, 5, 7, 8, 9 and 10 (TMEM16C, D, E, G, H, J, K) that are gradually coming to light. Compartmentalized regulation of intracellular Ca2+ signals, tethering of the ER to specific PM contact sites, and control of intracellular vesicular trafficking appear to be some of the functions of intracellular anoctamins, while loss of function and abnormal expression are the cause for various diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karl Kunzelmann
- Physiological Institute, University of Regensburg, University street 31, D-93053, Regensburg, Germany.
| | - Jiraporn Ousingsawat
- Physiological Institute, University of Regensburg, University street 31, D-93053, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Rainer Schreiber
- Physiological Institute, University of Regensburg, University street 31, D-93053, Regensburg, Germany
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7
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Huber RE, Babbitt C, Peyton SR. Heterogeneity of brain extracellular matrix and astrocyte activation. J Neurosci Res 2024; 102:e25356. [PMID: 38773875 DOI: 10.1002/jnr.25356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 04/01/2024] [Accepted: 05/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/24/2024]
Abstract
From the blood brain barrier to the synaptic space, astrocytes provide structural, metabolic, ionic, and extracellular matrix (ECM) support across the brain. Astrocytes include a vast array of subtypes, their phenotypes and functions varying both regionally and temporally. Astrocytes' metabolic and regulatory functions poise them to be quick and sensitive responders to injury and disease in the brain as revealed by single cell sequencing. Far less is known about the influence of the local healthy and aging microenvironments on these astrocyte activation states. In this forward-looking review, we describe the known relationship between astrocytes and their local microenvironment, the remodeling of the microenvironment during disease and injury, and postulate how they may drive astrocyte activation. We suggest technology development to better understand the dynamic diversity of astrocyte activation states, and how basal and activation states depend on the ECM microenvironment. A deeper understanding of astrocyte response to stimuli in ECM-specific contexts (brain region, age, and sex of individual), paves the way to revolutionize how the field considers astrocyte-ECM interactions in brain injury and disease and opens routes to return astrocytes to a healthy quiescent state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca E Huber
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Courtney Babbitt
- Department of Biology, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Shelly R Peyton
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts, USA
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8
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Chomyk A, Kucinski R, Kim J, Christie E, Cyncynatus K, Gossman Z, Chen Z, Richardson B, Cameron M, Turner T, Dutta R, Trapp B. Transcript Profiles of Microglia/Macrophage Cells at the Borders of Chronic Active and Subpial Gray Matter Lesions in Multiple Sclerosis. Ann Neurol 2024; 95:907-916. [PMID: 38345145 PMCID: PMC11060930 DOI: 10.1002/ana.26877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Microglia/macrophages line the border of demyelinated lesions in both cerebral white matter and the cortex in the brains of multiple sclerosis patients. Microglia/macrophages associated with chronic white matter lesions are thought to be responsible for slow lesion expansion and disability progression in progressive multiple sclerosis, whereas those lining gray matter lesions are less studied. Profiling these microglia/macrophages could help to focus therapies on genes or pathways specific to lesion expansion and disease progression. METHODS We compared the morphology and transcript profiles of microglia/macrophages associated with borders of white matter (WM line) and subpial gray matter lesions (GM line) using laser capture microscopy. We performed RNA sequencing on isolated cells followed by immunocytochemistry to determine the distribution of translational products of transcripts increased in WM line microglia. RESULTS Cells in the WM line appear activated, with shorter processes and larger cell bodies, whereas those in the GM line appear more homeostatic, with smaller cell bodies and multiple thin processes. Transcript profiling revealed 176 genes in WM lines and 111 genes in GM lines as differentially expressed. Transcripts associated with immune activation and iron homeostasis were increased in WM line microglia, whereas genes belonging to the canonical Wnt signaling pathway were increased in GM line microglia. INTERPRETATION We propose that the mechanisms of demyelination and dynamics of lesion expansion are responsible for differential transcript expression in WM lines and GM lines, and posit that increased expression of the Fc epsilon receptor, spleen tyrosine kinase, and Bruton's tyrosine kinase, play a key role in regulating microglia/macrophage function at the border of chronic active white matter lesions. ANN NEUROL 2024;95:907-916.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony Chomyk
- Department of Neurosciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Rikki Kucinski
- Department of Neurosciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Jihye Kim
- Department of Neurosciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Emilie Christie
- Department of Neurosciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Kaitlyn Cyncynatus
- Department of Neurosciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Zachary Gossman
- Department of Neurosciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Zhihong Chen
- Department of Neurosciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Brian Richardson
- Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Mark Cameron
- Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | | | - Ranjan Dutta
- Department of Neurosciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Bruce Trapp
- Department of Neurosciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
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9
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Bianco V, Svecla M, Vingiani GB, Kolb D, Schwarz B, Buerger M, Beretta G, Norata GD, Kratky D. Regional Differences in the Small Intestinal Proteome of Control Mice and of Mice Lacking Lysosomal Acid Lipase. J Proteome Res 2024; 23:1506-1518. [PMID: 38422518 PMCID: PMC7615810 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.4c00082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
The metabolic contribution of the small intestine (SI) is still unclear despite recent studies investigating the involvement of single cells in regional differences. Using untargeted proteomics, we identified regional characteristics of the three intestinal tracts of C57BL/6J mice and found that proteins abundant in the mouse ileum correlated with the high ileal expression of the corresponding genes in humans. In the SI of C57BL/6J mice, we also detected an increasing abundance of lysosomal acid lipase (LAL), which is responsible for degrading triacylglycerols and cholesteryl esters within the lysosome. LAL deficiency in patients and mice leads to lipid accumulation, gastrointestinal disturbances, and malabsorption. We previously demonstrated that macrophages massively infiltrated the SI of Lal-deficient (KO) mice, especially in the duodenum. Using untargeted proteomics (ProteomeXchange repository, data identifier PXD048378), we revealed a general inflammatory response and a common lipid-associated macrophage phenotype in all three intestinal segments of Lal KO mice, accompanied by a higher expression of GPNMB and concentrations of circulating sTREM2. However, only duodenal macrophages activated a metabolic switch from lipids to other pathways, which were downregulated in the jejunum and ileum of Lal KO mice. Our results provide new insights into the process of absorption in control mice and possible novel markers of LAL-D and/or systemic inflammation in LAL-D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Bianco
- Gottfried
Schatz Research Center, Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Medical University of Graz, Neue Stiftingtalstrasse 6/4, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Monika Svecla
- Department
of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Balzaretti 9, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Giovanni Battista Vingiani
- Department
of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Balzaretti 9, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Dagmar Kolb
- Core
Facility Ultrastructural Analysis, Medical
University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
- BioTechMed-Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
- Gottfried
Schatz Research Center, Cell Biology, Histology and Embryology, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Birgit Schwarz
- Gottfried
Schatz Research Center, Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Medical University of Graz, Neue Stiftingtalstrasse 6/4, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Martin Buerger
- Gottfried
Schatz Research Center, Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Medical University of Graz, Neue Stiftingtalstrasse 6/4, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Giangiacomo Beretta
- Department
of Environmental Science and Policy, Università
degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Danilo Norata
- Department
of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Balzaretti 9, 20133 Milan, Italy
- Centro
SISA per lo studio dell’Aterosclerosi, Ospedale Bassini, 20092 Cinisello Balsamo, Italy
| | - Dagmar Kratky
- Gottfried
Schatz Research Center, Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Medical University of Graz, Neue Stiftingtalstrasse 6/4, 8010 Graz, Austria
- BioTechMed-Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
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10
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van den Bosch AMR, van der Poel M, Fransen NL, Vincenten MCJ, Bobeldijk AM, Jongejan A, Engelenburg HJ, Moerland PD, Smolders J, Huitinga I, Hamann J. Profiling of microglia nodules in multiple sclerosis reveals propensity for lesion formation. Nat Commun 2024; 15:1667. [PMID: 38396116 PMCID: PMC10891081 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-46068-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Microglia nodules (HLA-DR+ cell clusters) are associated with brain pathology. In this post-mortem study, we investigated whether they represent the first stage of multiple sclerosis (MS) lesion formation. We show that microglia nodules are associated with more severe MS pathology. Compared to microglia nodules in stroke, those in MS show enhanced expression of genes previously found upregulated in MS lesions. Furthermore, genes associated with lipid metabolism, presence of T and B cells, production of immunoglobulins and cytokines, activation of the complement cascade, and metabolic stress are upregulated in microglia nodules in MS. Compared to stroke, they more frequently phagocytose oxidized phospholipids and possess a more tubular mitochondrial network. Strikingly, in MS, some microglia nodules encapsulate partially demyelinated axons. Taken together, we propose that activation of microglia nodules in MS by cytokines and immunoglobulins, together with phagocytosis of oxidized phospholipids, may lead to a microglia phenotype prone to MS lesion formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aletta M R van den Bosch
- Neuroimmunology Research Group, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Marlijn van der Poel
- Neuroimmunology Research Group, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Nina L Fransen
- Neuroimmunology Research Group, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Maria C J Vincenten
- Neuroimmunology Research Group, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Anneleen M Bobeldijk
- Neuroimmunology Research Group, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Aldo Jongejan
- Department of Epidemiology and Data Science, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Hendrik J Engelenburg
- Neuroimmunology Research Group, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Perry D Moerland
- Department of Epidemiology and Data Science, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Joost Smolders
- Neuroimmunology Research Group, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- MS Center ErasMS, Department of Neurology and Immunology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Inge Huitinga
- Neuroimmunology Research Group, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
- Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Jörg Hamann
- Neuroimmunology Research Group, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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11
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Adams C, Manouchehrinia A, Quach HL, Quach DL, Olsson T, Kockum I, Schaefer C, Ponting CP, Alfredsson L, Barcellos LF. Evidence supports a causal association between allele-specific vitamin D receptor binding and multiple sclerosis among Europeans. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2302259121. [PMID: 38346204 PMCID: PMC10895341 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2302259121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Although evidence exists for a causal association between 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) serum levels, and multiple sclerosis (MS), the role of variation in vitamin D receptor (VDR) binding in MS is unknown. Here, we leveraged previously identified variants associated with allele imbalance in VDR binding (VDR-binding variant; VDR-BV) in ChIP-exo data from calcitriol-stimulated lymphoblastoid cell lines and 25(OH)D serum levels from genome-wide association studies to construct genetic instrumental variables (GIVs). GIVs are composed of one or more genetic variants that serve as proxies for exposures of interest. Here, GIVs for both VDR-BVs and 25(OH)D were used in a two-sample Mendelian Randomization study to investigate the relationship between VDR binding at a locus, 25(OH)D serum levels, and MS risk. Data for 13,598 MS cases and 38,887 controls of European ancestry from Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Swedish MS studies, and the UK Biobank were included. We estimated the association between each VDR-BV GIV and MS. Significant interaction between a VDR-BV GIV and a GIV for serum 25OH(D) was evidence for a causal association between VDR-BVs and MS unbiased by pleiotropy. We observed evidence for associations between two VDR-BVs (rs2881514, rs2531804) and MS after correction for multiple tests. There was evidence of interaction between rs2881514 and a 25(OH)D GIV, providing evidence of a causal association between rs2881514 and MS. This study is the first to demonstrate evidence that variation in VDR binding at a locus contributes to MS risk. Our results are relevant to other autoimmune diseases in which vitamin D plays a role.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cameron Adams
- Genetic Epidemiology and Genomics Laboratory, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, CA94720
| | - Ali Manouchehrinia
- Division of Neuro, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, StockholmSE-171 77, Sweden
- The Karolinska Neuroimmunology & Multiple Sclerosis Centre, Centrum for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, StockholmSE-171 77, Sweden
| | - Hong L. Quach
- Genetic Epidemiology and Genomics Laboratory, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, CA94720
| | - Diana L. Quach
- Genetic Epidemiology and Genomics Laboratory, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, CA94720
| | - Tomas Olsson
- Division of Neuro, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, StockholmSE-171 77, Sweden
- The Karolinska Neuroimmunology & Multiple Sclerosis Centre, Centrum for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, StockholmSE-171 77, Sweden
- Academic Specialist Center, Stockholm113 65, Sweden
| | - Ingrid Kockum
- Division of Neuro, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, StockholmSE-171 77, Sweden
- The Karolinska Neuroimmunology & Multiple Sclerosis Centre, Centrum for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, StockholmSE-171 77, Sweden
- Academic Specialist Center, Stockholm113 65, Sweden
| | - Catherine Schaefer
- Kaiser Permanente Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland, CA94612
| | - Chris P. Ponting
- Medical Research Council Human Genetics Unit, The Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, EdinburghEH4 2XU, United Kingdom
| | - Lars Alfredsson
- Division of Neuro, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, StockholmSE-171 77, Sweden
- Centre for Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Region Stockholm, Stockholm113 65, Sweden
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, StockholmSE-171 77, Sweden
| | - Lisa F. Barcellos
- Genetic Epidemiology and Genomics Laboratory, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, CA94720
- Kaiser Permanente Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland, CA94612
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12
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Broos JY, van der Burgt RTM, Konings J, Rijnsburger M, Werz O, de Vries HE, Giera M, Kooij G. Arachidonic acid-derived lipid mediators in multiple sclerosis pathogenesis: fueling or dampening disease progression? J Neuroinflammation 2024; 21:21. [PMID: 38233951 PMCID: PMC10792915 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-023-02981-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic autoimmune disease of the central nervous system (CNS), characterized by neuroinflammation, demyelination, and neurodegeneration. Considering the increasing prevalence among young adults worldwide and the disabling phenotype of the disease, a deeper understanding of the complexity of the disease pathogenesis is needed to ultimately improve diagnosis and personalize treatment opportunities. Recent findings suggest that bioactive lipid mediators (LM) derived from ω-3/-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), also termed eicosanoids, may contribute to MS pathogenesis. For example, disturbances in LM profiles and especially those derived from the ω-6 PUFA arachidonic acid (AA) have been reported in people with MS (PwMS), where they may contribute to the chronicity of neuroinflammatory processes. Moreover, we have previously shown that certain AA-derived LMs also associated with neurodegenerative processes in PwMS, suggesting that AA-derived LMs are involved in more pathological events than solely neuroinflammation. Yet, to date, a comprehensive overview of the contribution of these LMs to MS-associated pathological processes remains elusive. MAIN BODY This review summarizes and critically evaluates the current body of literature on the eicosanoid biosynthetic pathway and its contribution to key pathological hallmarks of MS during different disease stages. Various parts of the eicosanoid pathway are highlighted, namely, the prostanoid, leukotriene, and hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acids (HETEs) biochemical routes that include specific enzymes of the cyclooxygenases (COXs) and lipoxygenases (LOX) families. In addition, cellular sources of LMs and their potential target cells based on receptor expression profiles will be discussed in the context of MS. Finally, we propose novel therapeutic approaches based on eicosanoid pathway and/or receptor modulation to ultimately target chronic neuroinflammation, demyelination and neurodegeneration in MS. SHORT CONCLUSION The eicosanoid pathway is intrinsically linked to specific aspects of MS pathogenesis. Therefore, we propose that novel intervention strategies, with the aim of accurately modulating the eicosanoid pathway towards the biosynthesis of beneficial LMs, can potentially contribute to more patient- and MS subtype-specific treatment opportunities to combat MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jelle Y Broos
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam UMC, location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- MS Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, location VU Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Rianne T M van der Burgt
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam UMC, location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- MS Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, location VU Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Julia Konings
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam UMC, location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- MS Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, location VU Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Merel Rijnsburger
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam UMC, location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- MS Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, location VU Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Oliver Werz
- Department of Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Helga E de Vries
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam UMC, location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Martin Giera
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Gijs Kooij
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam UMC, location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
- MS Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, location VU Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
- Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
- Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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13
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Peng HR, Qiu JQ, Zhou QM, Zhang YK, Chen QY, Yin YQ, Su W, Yu S, Wang YT, Cai Y, Gu MN, Zhang HH, Sun QQ, Hu G, Wu YW, Liu J, Chen S, Zhu ZJ, Song XY, Zhou JW. Intestinal epithelial dopamine receptor signaling drives sex-specific disease exacerbation in a mouse model of multiple sclerosis. Immunity 2023; 56:2773-2789.e8. [PMID: 37992711 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2023.10.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Revised: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023]
Abstract
Although the gut microbiota can influence central nervous system (CNS) autoimmune diseases, the contribution of the intestinal epithelium to CNS autoimmunity is less clear. Here, we showed that intestinal epithelial dopamine D2 receptors (IEC DRD2) promoted sex-specific disease progression in an animal model of multiple sclerosis. Female mice lacking Drd2 selectively in intestinal epithelial cells showed a blunted inflammatory response in the CNS and reduced disease progression. In contrast, overexpression or activation of IEC DRD2 by phenylethylamine administration exacerbated disease severity. This was accompanied by altered lysozyme expression and gut microbiota composition, including reduced abundance of Lactobacillus species. Furthermore, treatment with N2-acetyl-L-lysine, a metabolite derived from Lactobacillus, suppressed microglial activation and neurodegeneration. Taken together, our study indicates that IEC DRD2 hyperactivity impacts gut microbial abundances and increases susceptibility to CNS autoimmune diseases in a female-biased manner, opening up future avenues for sex-specific interventions of CNS autoimmune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Rong Peng
- Institute of Neuroscience, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China; School of Future Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jia-Qian Qiu
- Interdisciplinary Research Center on Biology and Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Aging Studies, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Qin-Ming Zhou
- Department of Neurology and Institute of Neurology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Yu-Kai Zhang
- Institute of Neuroscience, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Qiao-Yu Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Yan-Qing Yin
- Institute of Neuroscience, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Wen Su
- Institute of Neuroscience, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Shui Yu
- Institute of Neuroscience, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Ya-Ting Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Yuping Cai
- Interdisciplinary Research Center on Biology and Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Aging Studies, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Ming-Na Gu
- Department of Pharmacology, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Hao-Hao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Qing-Qing Sun
- Institute of Neuroscience, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Gang Hu
- Department of Pharmacology, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Yi-Wen Wu
- Department of Neurology and Institute of Neurology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Jun Liu
- Department of Neurology and Institute of Neurology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Sheng Chen
- Department of Neurology and Institute of Neurology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China.
| | - Zheng-Jiang Zhu
- Interdisciplinary Research Center on Biology and Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Aging Studies, Shanghai 201210, China.
| | - Xin-Yang Song
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China.
| | - Jia-Wei Zhou
- Institute of Neuroscience, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China; School of Future Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Shanghai Center for Brain Science and Brain-Inspired Intelligence Technology, Shanghai 201210, China; Innovation Center of Neurodegeneration, School of Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, China.
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14
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Spaas J, Van der Stede T, de Jager S, van de Waterweg Berends A, Tiane A, Baelde H, Baba SP, Eckhardt M, Wolfs E, Vanmierlo T, Hellings N, Eijnde BO, Derave W. Carnosine synthase deficiency aggravates neuroinflammation in multiple sclerosis. Prog Neurobiol 2023; 231:102532. [PMID: 37774767 DOI: 10.1016/j.pneurobio.2023.102532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Revised: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/01/2023]
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) pathology features autoimmune-driven neuroinflammation, demyelination, and failed remyelination. Carnosine is a histidine-containing dipeptide (HCD) with pluripotent homeostatic properties that is able to improve outcomes in an animal MS model (EAE) when supplied exogenously. To uncover if endogenous carnosine is involved in, and protects against, MS-related neuroinflammation, demyelination or remyelination failure, we here studied the HCD-synthesizing enzyme carnosine synthase (CARNS1) in human MS lesions and two preclinical mouse MS models (EAE, cuprizone). We demonstrate that due to its presence in oligodendrocytes, CARNS1 expression is diminished in demyelinated MS lesions and mouse models mimicking demyelination/inflammation, but returns upon remyelination. Carns1-KO mice that are devoid of endogenous HCDs display exaggerated neuroinflammation and clinical symptoms during EAE, which could be partially rescued by exogenous carnosine treatment. Worsening of the disease appears to be driven by a central, not peripheral immune-modulatory, mechanism possibly linked to impaired clearance of the reactive carbonyl acrolein in Carns1-KO mice. In contrast, CARNS1 is not required for normal oligodendrocyte precursor cell differentiation and (re)myelin to occur, and neither endogenous nor exogenous HCDs protect against cuprizone-induced demyelination. In conclusion, the loss of CARNS1 from demyelinated MS lesions can aggravate disease progression through weakening the endogenous protection against neuroinflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Spaas
- University MS Center (UMSC), Hasselt - Pelt, Belgium; BIOMED Biomedical Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium; Department of Movement and Sports Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Thibaux Van der Stede
- Department of Movement and Sports Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium; Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, Copenhagen University, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Sarah de Jager
- Department of Movement and Sports Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Annet van de Waterweg Berends
- University MS Center (UMSC), Hasselt - Pelt, Belgium; BIOMED Biomedical Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium; Laboratory of Immunology and Vaccinology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, FARAH, ULiège, Belgium
| | - Assia Tiane
- University MS Center (UMSC), Hasselt - Pelt, Belgium; BIOMED Biomedical Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium; Department Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, Division of Translational Neuroscience, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Hans Baelde
- Department of Pathology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Shahid P Baba
- Diabetes and Obesity Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Matthias Eckhardt
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Esther Wolfs
- BIOMED Biomedical Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Tim Vanmierlo
- University MS Center (UMSC), Hasselt - Pelt, Belgium; BIOMED Biomedical Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium; Department Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, Division of Translational Neuroscience, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Niels Hellings
- University MS Center (UMSC), Hasselt - Pelt, Belgium; BIOMED Biomedical Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Bert O Eijnde
- University MS Center (UMSC), Hasselt - Pelt, Belgium; BIOMED Biomedical Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Wim Derave
- Department of Movement and Sports Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
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15
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Kessler W, Thomas C, Kuhlmann T. Microglia activation in periplaque white matter in multiple sclerosis depends on age and lesion type, but does not correlate with oligodendroglial loss. Acta Neuropathol 2023; 146:817-828. [PMID: 37897549 PMCID: PMC10628007 DOI: 10.1007/s00401-023-02645-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Revised: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/30/2023]
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is the most frequent inflammatory and demyelinating disease of the CNS. The disease course in MS is highly variable and driven by a combination of relapse-driven disease activity and relapse-independent disease progression. The formation of new focal demyelinating lesions is associated with clinical relapses; however, the pathological mechanisms driving disease progression are less well understood. Current concepts suggest that ongoing focal and diffuse inflammation within the CNS in combination with an age-associated failure of compensatory and repair mechanisms contribute to disease progression. The aim of our study was to characterize the diffuse microglia activation in periplaque white matter (PPWM) of MS patients, to identify factors modulating its extent and to determine its potential correlation with loss or preservation of oligodendrocytes. We analyzed microglial and oligodendroglial numbers in PPWM in a cohort of 96 tissue blocks from 32 MS patients containing 100 lesions as well as a control cohort (n = 37). Microglia activation in PPWM was dependent on patient age, proximity to lesion, lesion type, and to a lesser degree on sex. Oligodendrocyte numbers were decreased in PPWM; however, increased microglia densities did not correlate with lower oligodendroglial cell counts, indicating that diffuse microglia activation is not sufficient to drive oligodendroglial loss in PPWM. In summary, our findings support the notion of the close relationship between focal and diffuse inflammation in MS and that age is an important modulator of MS pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wiebke Kessler
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Hospital Münster, Pottkamp 2, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Christian Thomas
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Hospital Münster, Pottkamp 2, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Tanja Kuhlmann
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Hospital Münster, Pottkamp 2, 48149, Münster, Germany.
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16
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Mangano K, Petralia MC, Bella R, Pennisi M, Muñoz-Valle JF, Hernández-Bello J, Nicoletti F, Fagone P. Transcriptional upregulation of galectin-3 in multiple sclerosis. Immunol Res 2023; 71:950-958. [PMID: 37491623 PMCID: PMC10667405 DOI: 10.1007/s12026-023-09408-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/27/2023]
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune, demyelinating disorder of the central nervous system (CNS) affecting approximately 2.5 million people worldwide. The mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis of MS are still only partially elucidated. Galectins are a family of β-galactoside-binding lectins that are involved in the regulation of immune and inflammatory responses and have been shown to exert a role in the maintenance of central nervous system (CNS) homeostasis. There has been an increasing interest in the role of galectin-3 in neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration. In the current study, we have evaluated the expression levels of galectin-3 in different cellular populations involved in the etiopathogenesis of MS. We have observed dramatically higher transcriptomic levels of galectin-3 in encephalitogenic CD4+ T cells in a preclinical model of MS, the MOG-induced experimental allergic encephalomyelitis (EAE). Also, significantly higher levels of galectin-3 were found in microglial cells, astrocytes, and oligodendrocytes isolated from the spinal cord of EAE mice, as well as in human MS-related white matter lesions. Modular co-expression analysis revealed that galectin-3 is co-expressed with genes involved in the regulation of microglia, cytokine production, and chemotaxis. This is the first comprehensive analysis of the expression of galectin-3 in MS, further strengthening its potential pathogenetic role in the etiopathogenesis of this CNS autoimmune disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katia Mangano
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia 89, 95123, Catania, Italy
| | - Maria Cristina Petralia
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, 98122, Messina, Italy
| | - Rita Bella
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia 78, 95123, Catania, Italy
| | - Manuela Pennisi
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia 89, 95123, Catania, Italy
| | - José Francisco Muñoz-Valle
- Institute for Research in Biomedical Sciences, University Center for Health Sciences, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico
| | - Jorge Hernández-Bello
- Institute for Research in Biomedical Sciences, University Center for Health Sciences, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico
| | - Ferdinando Nicoletti
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia 89, 95123, Catania, Italy.
| | - Paolo Fagone
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia 89, 95123, Catania, Italy
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17
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Syage A, Pachow C, Cheng Y, Mangale V, Green KN, Lane TE. Microglia influence immune responses and restrict neurologic disease in response to central nervous system infection by a neurotropic murine coronavirus. Front Cell Neurosci 2023; 17:1291255. [PMID: 38099152 PMCID: PMC10719854 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2023.1291255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Intracranial (i.c.) inoculation of susceptible mice with a glial-tropic strain of mouse hepatitis virus (JHMV), a murine coronavirus, results in an acute encephalomyelitis followed by viral persistence in white matter tracts accompanied by chronic neuroinflammation and demyelination. Microglia serve numerous functions including maintenance of the healthy central nervous system (CNS) and are among the first responders to injury or infection. More recently, studies have demonstrated that microglia aid in tailoring innate and adaptive immune responses following infection by neurotropic viruses including flaviviruses, herpesviruses, and picornaviruses. These findings have emphasized an important role for microglia in host defense against these viral pathogens. In addition, microglia are also critical in optimizing immune-mediated control of JHMV replication within the CNS while restricting the severity of demyelination and enhancing remyelination. This review will highlight our current understanding of the molecular and cellular mechanisms by which microglia aid in host defense, limit neurologic disease, and promote repair following CNS infection by a neurotropic murine coronavirus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amber Syage
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
| | - Collin Pachow
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
| | - Yuting Cheng
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
| | - Vrushali Mangale
- Department of Pathology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, United States
| | - Kim N. Green
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
| | - Thomas E. Lane
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
- Center for Virus Research, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
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18
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Villoria-González A, Zierfuss B, Parzer P, Heuböck E, Zujovic V, Waidhofer-Söllner P, Ponleitner M, Rommer P, Göpfert J, Forss-Petter S, Berger J, Weinhofer I. Efficacy of HDAC Inhibitors in Driving Peroxisomal β-Oxidation and Immune Responses in Human Macrophages: Implications for Neuroinflammatory Disorders. Biomolecules 2023; 13:1696. [PMID: 38136568 PMCID: PMC10741867 DOI: 10.3390/biom13121696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Elevated levels of saturated very long-chain fatty acids (VLCFAs) in cell membranes and secreted lipoparticles have been associated with neurotoxicity and, therefore, require tight regulation. Excessive VLCFAs are imported into peroxisomes for degradation by β-oxidation. Impaired VLCFA catabolism due to primary or secondary peroxisomal alterations is featured in neurodegenerative and neuroinflammatory disorders such as X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy and multiple sclerosis (MS). Here, we identified that healthy human macrophages upregulate the peroxisomal genes involved in β-oxidation during myelin phagocytosis and pro-inflammatory activation, and that this response is impaired in peripheral macrophages and phagocytes in brain white matter lesions in MS patients. The pharmacological targeting of VLCFA metabolism and peroxisomes in innate immune cells could be favorable in the context of neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration. We previously identified the epigenetic histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors entinostat and vorinostat to enhance VLCFA degradation and pro-regenerative macrophage polarization. However, adverse side effects currently limit their use in chronic neuroinflammation. Here, we focused on tefinostat, a monocyte/macrophage-selective HDAC inhibitor that has shown reduced toxicity in clinical trials. By using a gene expression analysis, peroxisomal β-oxidation assay, and live imaging of primary human macrophages, we assessed the efficacy of tefinostat in modulating VLCFA metabolism, phagocytosis, chemotaxis, and immune function. Our results revealed the significant stimulation of VLCFA degradation with the upregulation of genes involved in peroxisomal β-oxidation and interference with immune cell recruitment; however, tefinostat was less potent than the class I HDAC-selective inhibitor entinostat in promoting a regenerative macrophage phenotype. Further research is needed to fully explore the potential of class I HDAC inhibition and downstream targets in the context of neuroinflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Villoria-González
- Department of Pathobiology of the Nervous System, Center for Brain Research, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (A.V.-G.)
| | - Bettina Zierfuss
- Department of Pathobiology of the Nervous System, Center for Brain Research, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (A.V.-G.)
- Department of Neuroscience, Centre de Recherche du CHUM, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada
| | - Patricia Parzer
- Department of Pathobiology of the Nervous System, Center for Brain Research, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (A.V.-G.)
| | - Elisabeth Heuböck
- Department of Pathobiology of the Nervous System, Center for Brain Research, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (A.V.-G.)
| | - Violetta Zujovic
- Institut du Cerveau—Paris Brain Institute—ICM, Inserm, CNRS, APHP, Hôpital Pitié Salpétrière—University Hospital, Sorbonne University, DMU Neuroscience 6, 75013 Paris, France
| | - Petra Waidhofer-Söllner
- Division of Immune Receptors and T Cell Activation, Institute of Immunology Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Markus Ponleitner
- Department of Neurology, Comprehensive Center for Clinical Neurosciences and Mental Health, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Paulus Rommer
- Department of Neurology, Comprehensive Center for Clinical Neurosciences and Mental Health, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Jens Göpfert
- Department of Pharma and Biotech, NMI Natural and Medical Sciences Institute, University of Tübingen, 72770 Reutlingen, Germany
| | - Sonja Forss-Petter
- Department of Pathobiology of the Nervous System, Center for Brain Research, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (A.V.-G.)
| | - Johannes Berger
- Department of Pathobiology of the Nervous System, Center for Brain Research, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (A.V.-G.)
| | - Isabelle Weinhofer
- Department of Pathobiology of the Nervous System, Center for Brain Research, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (A.V.-G.)
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19
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Rustemoglu H, Arslan E, Atasever S, Cevik B, Taspinar F, Turhan AB, Rustemoglu A. Could NCOA5 a novel candidate gene for multiple sclerosis susceptibility? Mol Biol Rep 2023; 50:9335-9341. [PMID: 37817021 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-023-08830-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an inflammatory immune-mediated demyelinating disease that causes a challenging and disabling condition. Environmental and genetic factors play a role in appearing the state of the disease. Recent studies have shown that nuclear cofactor genes may play a role in the pathogenesis of MS. NCOA5 is a nuclear receptor coactivator independent of AF2 that modulates ERa-mediated transcription. This gene is involved in the pathogenesis of diseases such as psoriasis, Behcet's disease, and cancer. METHODS AND RESULTS We investigated the relationship between the rs2903908 polymorphism of the NCOA5 gene and MS among 157 unrelated MS patients and 160 healthy controls by RT-PCR. The frequencies of the CC, CT, and TT genotypes were 19.87%, 37.82%, and 42.31%, respectively, for the MS group and 5.63%, 43.75%, and 50.62%, respectively, for the control group. The CC genotype and the C allele were found to be significantly higher in the patient group (the p values were 0.0002 and 0.003, respectively). CONCLUSIONS The fact that the CC genotype was found to be significantly higher in the patient group compared to the control group (p = 0.0002) and that it had a statistically significantly higher OR value (OR, 95% CI = 4.16, 1.91-9.05) suggests that the C allele may recessively predispose to MS for this polymorphism. These results suggest for the first time that the NCOA5 gene may have an effect on the occurrence of MS through different molecular pathways, which are discussed in the manuscript.
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Affiliation(s)
- Husniye Rustemoglu
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Biology, Tokat Gaziosmanpasa University, Tokat, Turkey
| | - Erdem Arslan
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Pharmacology, Aksaray University, Aksaray, Turkey
| | - Sema Atasever
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Biology, Tokat Gaziosmanpasa University, Tokat, Turkey
| | - Betul Cevik
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neurology, Tokat Gaziosmanpasa University, Tokat, Turkey
| | - Filiz Taspinar
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Physiology, Aksaray University, Aksaray, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Bülent Turhan
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Biology, Aksaray University, Bahcesaray Mah. 170. Cad. No:19, Aksaray, 68100, Turkey
| | - Aydin Rustemoglu
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Biology, Aksaray University, Bahcesaray Mah. 170. Cad. No:19, Aksaray, 68100, Turkey.
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20
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Scheepstra KWF, Mizee MR, van Scheppingen J, Adelia A, Wever DD, Mason MRJ, Dubbelaar ML, Hsiao CC, Eggen BJL, Hamann J, Huitinga I. Microglia Transcriptional Profiling in Major Depressive Disorder Shows Inhibition of Cortical Gray Matter Microglia. Biol Psychiatry 2023; 94:619-629. [PMID: 37121366 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2023.04.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Revised: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Microglia have been implicated in the pathophysiology of major depressive disorder (MDD), but information on biological mechanisms is limited. Therefore, we investigated the gene expression profile of microglial cells in relation to neuronal regulators of microglia activity in well-characterized MDD and control autopsy brains. METHODS Pure, intact microglia were isolated at brain autopsy from occipital cortex gray matter (GM) and corpus callosum white matter of 13 donors with MDD and 10 age-matched control donors for RNA sequencing. Top differentially expressed genes were validated using immunohistochemistry staining. Because gene expression changes were only detected in GM microglia, neuronal regulators of microglia were investigated in cortical tissue and synaptosomes from the cortex by reverse transcriptase-quantitative polymerase chain reaction and Western blot. RESULTS Transcriptome analysis revealed 92 genes differentially expressed in microglia isolated from GM, but none in microglia from white matter in donors with MDD, compared with control donors. Of these, 81 genes were less abundantly expressed in GM in MDD, including CD163, MKI67, SPP1, CD14, FCGR1A/C, and C1QA/B/C. Accordingly, pathways related to effector mechanisms, such as the complement system and phagocytosis, were differentially regulated in GM microglia in MDD. Immunohistochemistry staining revealed significantly lower expression of CD163 protein in MDD. Whole tissue analysis showed an increase in CD200 (p = .0009) and CD47 (p = .068) messenger RNA, and CD47 protein was significantly elevated (p = .0396) in synaptic fractions of MDD cases. CONCLUSIONS Transcriptional profiling indicates an immune-suppressed microglial phenotype in MDD that is possibly caused by neuronal regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karel W F Scheepstra
- Neuroimmunology Research Group, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Psychiatric Program of the Netherlands Brain Bank, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - Mark R Mizee
- Neuroimmunology Research Group, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Psychiatric Program of the Netherlands Brain Bank, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Jackelien van Scheppingen
- Neuroimmunology Research Group, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Psychiatric Program of the Netherlands Brain Bank, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Adelia Adelia
- Psychiatric Program of the Netherlands Brain Bank, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Dennis D Wever
- Neuroimmunology Research Group, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Psychiatric Program of the Netherlands Brain Bank, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Matthew R J Mason
- Neuroimmunology Research Group, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Marissa L Dubbelaar
- Department of Biomedical Sciences of Cells and Systems, Section Molecular Neurobiology, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Cheng-Chih Hsiao
- Neuroimmunology Research Group, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Experimental Immunology, Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Bart J L Eggen
- Department of Biomedical Sciences of Cells and Systems, Section Molecular Neurobiology, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Jörg Hamann
- Neuroimmunology Research Group, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Experimental Immunology, Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Inge Huitinga
- Neuroimmunology Research Group, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Psychiatric Program of the Netherlands Brain Bank, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, Center for Neuroscience, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
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21
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Català-Senent JF, Andreu Z, Hidalgo MR, Soler-Sáez I, Roig FJ, Yanguas-Casás N, Neva-Alejo A, López-Cerdán A, de la Iglesia-Vayá M, Stranger BE, García-García F. A deep transcriptome meta-analysis reveals sex differences in multiple sclerosis. Neurobiol Dis 2023; 181:106113. [PMID: 37023829 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2023.106113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Revised: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Multiple sclerosis (MS), a chronic auto-immune, inflammatory, and degenerative disease of the central nervous system, affects both males and females; however, females suffer from a higher risk of developing MS (2-3:1 ratio relative to males). The precise sex-based factors influencing risk of MS are currently unknown. Here, we explore the role of sex in MS to identify molecular mechanisms underlying observed MS sex differences that may guide novel therapeutic approaches tailored for males or females. METHODS We performed a rigorous and systematic review of genome-wide transcriptome studies of MS that included patient sex data in the Gene Expression Omnibus and ArrayExpress databases following PRISMA statement guidelines. For each selected study, we analyzed differential gene expression to explore the impact of the disease in females (IDF), in males (IDM) and our main goal: the sex differential impact of the disease (SDID). Then, for each scenario (IDF, IDM and SDID) we performed 2 meta-analyses in the main tissues involved in the disease (brain and blood). Finally, we performed a gene set analysis in brain tissue, in which a higher number of genes were dysregulated, to characterize sex differences in biological pathways. RESULTS After screening 122 publications, the systematic review provided a selection of 9 studies (5 in blood and 4 in brain tissue) with a total of 474 samples (189 females with MS and 109 control females; 82 males with MS and 94 control males). Blood and brain tissue meta-analyses identified, respectively, 1 (KIR2DL3) and 13 (ARL17B, CECR7, CEP78, IFFO2, LOC401127, NUDT18, RNF10, SLC17A5, STMP1, TRAF3IP2-AS1, UBXN2B, ZNF117, ZNF488) MS-associated genes that differed between males and females (SDID comparison). Functional analyses in the brain revealed different altered immune patterns in females and males (IDF and IDM comparisons). The pro-inflammatory environment and innate immune responses related to myeloid lineage appear to be more affected in females, while adaptive responses associated with the lymphocyte lineage in males. Additionally, females with MS displayed alterations in mitochondrial respiratory chain complexes, purine, and glutamate metabolism, while MS males displayed alterations in stress response to metal ion, amine, and amino acid transport. CONCLUSION We found transcriptomic and functional differences between MS males and MS females (especially in the immune system), which may support the development of new sex-based research of this disease. Our study highlights the importance of understanding the role of biological sex in MS to guide a more personalized medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Zoraida Andreu
- Foundation Valencian Institute of Oncology (FIVO), 46009 Valencia, Spain
| | - Marta R Hidalgo
- Bioinformatics and Biostatistics Unit, Principe Felipe Research Center (CIPF), 46012 Valencia, Spain
| | - Irene Soler-Sáez
- Bioinformatics and Biostatistics Unit, Principe Felipe Research Center (CIPF), 46012 Valencia, Spain
| | - Francisco José Roig
- Bioinformatics and Biostatistics Unit, Principe Felipe Research Center (CIPF), 46012 Valencia, Spain; Faculty of Health Sciences, San Jorge University, 50830 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Natalia Yanguas-Casás
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Puerta de Hierro-Segovia de Arana (IDIPHISA), Grupo de Investigación en Linfomas, C/Joaquín Rodrigo 2, Majadahonda, 28222 Madrid, Spain
| | - Almudena Neva-Alejo
- Bioinformatics and Biostatistics Unit, Principe Felipe Research Center (CIPF), 46012 Valencia, Spain
| | - Adolfo López-Cerdán
- Biomedical Imaging Unit FISABIO-CIPF, Fundación para el Fomento de la Investigación Sanitaria y Biomédica de la Comunidad Valenciana, 46012 Valencia, Spain
| | - María de la Iglesia-Vayá
- Biomedical Imaging Unit FISABIO-CIPF, Fundación para el Fomento de la Investigación Sanitaria y Biomédica de la Comunidad Valenciana, 46012 Valencia, Spain
| | - Barbara E Stranger
- Department of Pharmacology, Center for Genetic Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Francisco García-García
- Bioinformatics and Biostatistics Unit, Principe Felipe Research Center (CIPF), 46012 Valencia, Spain.
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22
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Jansen MI, Castorina A. Identification of Key Genes and Regulatory Pathways in Multiple Sclerosis Brain Samples: A Meta-Analysis of Micro-Array Datasets. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24119361. [PMID: 37298310 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24119361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2023] [Revised: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune disorder of the central nervous system (CNS) whose aetiology is only partly understood. Investigating the intricate transcriptional changes occurring in MS brains is critical to unravel novel pathogenic mechanisms and therapeutic targets. Unfortunately, this process is often hindered by the difficulty in retrieving an adequate number of samples. However, by merging data from publicly available datasets, it is possible to identify alterations in gene expression profiles and regulatory pathways that were previously overlooked. Here, we merged microarray gene expression profiles obtained from CNS white matter samples taken from MS donors to identify novel differentially expressed genes (DEGs) linked with MS. Data from three independent datasets (GSE38010, GSE32915, and GSE108000) were combined and used to detect novel DEGs using the Stouffer's Z-score method. Corresponding regulatory pathways were analysed using the Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway databases. Finally, top up- and down-regulated transcripts were validated by real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR) using an independent set of white matter tissue samples obtained from MS donors with different disease subtypes. There were a total of 1446 DEGs, of which 742 were up-regulated and 704 genes were down-regulated. DEGs were associated with several myelin-related pathways and protein metabolism pathways. Validation studies of selected top up- or down-regulated genes highlighted MS subtype-specific differences in the expression of some of the identified genes, underlining a more complex scenario of white matter pathology amongst people afflicted by this devastating disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margo I Jansen
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience (LCMN), School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, P.O. Box 123, Broadway, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Alessandro Castorina
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience (LCMN), School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, P.O. Box 123, Broadway, NSW 2007, Australia
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23
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Khrunin AV, Khvorykh GV, Arapova AS, Kulinskaya AE, Koltsova EA, Petrova EA, Kimelfeld EI, Limborska SA. The Study of the Association of Polymorphisms in LSP1, GPNMB, PDPN, TAGLN, TSPO, and TUBB6 Genes with the Risk and Outcome of Ischemic Stroke in the Russian Population. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24076831. [PMID: 37047799 PMCID: PMC10095190 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24076831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 04/09/2023] Open
Abstract
To date, there has been great progress in understanding the genetic basis of ischemic stroke (IS); however, several aspects of the condition remain underexplored, including the influence of genetic factors on post-stroke outcomes and the identification of causative loci. We proposed that an analysis of the results obtained from animal models of brain ischemia could be helpful. To this end, we developed a bioinformatic approach for exploring single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in human orthologs of rat genes expressed differentially after induced brain ischemia. Using this approach, we identified and analyzed 11 SNPs from 6 genes in 553 Russian individuals (331 patients with IS and 222 controls). We assessed the association of SNPs with the risk of IS and IS outcomes. We found that the SNPs rs858239 (GPNMB), rs907611 (LSP1), and rs494356 (TAGLN) were associated with different parameters of IS functional outcomes. In addition, the SNP rs1261025 (PDPN) was associated significantly with IS itself (p = 0.0188, recessive model). All these associations were demonstrated for the first time. Analysis of the literature suggests that they should be characterized as being inflammation related. This supports the pivotal role of inflammation in both the incidence of stroke and post-stroke outcomes. We believe the findings reported here will help with stroke prognosis in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrey V. Khrunin
- National Research Centre “Kurchatov Institute”, Kurchatov Sq. 2, Moscow 123182, Russia
| | - Gennady V. Khvorykh
- National Research Centre “Kurchatov Institute”, Kurchatov Sq. 2, Moscow 123182, Russia
| | - Anna S. Arapova
- National Research Centre “Kurchatov Institute”, Kurchatov Sq. 2, Moscow 123182, Russia
- Faculty of Biotechnology and Industrial Ecology, Mendeleev University of Chemical Technology of Russia, Miusskaya Sq. 9, Moscow 125047, Russia
| | - Anna E. Kulinskaya
- National Research Centre “Kurchatov Institute”, Kurchatov Sq. 2, Moscow 123182, Russia
- Faculty of Biotechnology and Industrial Ecology, Mendeleev University of Chemical Technology of Russia, Miusskaya Sq. 9, Moscow 125047, Russia
| | - Evgeniya A. Koltsova
- Department of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Medical Genetics of Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow 117997, Russia
| | - Elizaveta A. Petrova
- Department of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Medical Genetics of Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow 117997, Russia
| | - Ekaterina I. Kimelfeld
- Department of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Medical Genetics of Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow 117997, Russia
| | - Svetlana A. Limborska
- National Research Centre “Kurchatov Institute”, Kurchatov Sq. 2, Moscow 123182, Russia
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24
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Huang Y, Wang Q, Peng Y, Du W, Wang Q, Qi J, Hao Z, Wang Y. Spatiotemporal expression patterns of genes coding for plasmalemmal chloride transporters and channels in neurological diseases. Mol Brain 2023; 16:30. [PMID: 36934242 PMCID: PMC10024392 DOI: 10.1186/s13041-023-01018-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Neuronal voltage changes which are dependent on chloride transporters and channels are involved in forming neural functions during early development and maintaining their stability until adulthood. The intracellular chloride concentration maintains a steady state, which is delicately regulated by various genes coding for chloride transporters and channels (GClTC) on the plasmalemma; however, the synergistic effect of these genes in central nervous system disorders remains unclear. In this study, we first defined 10 gene clusters with similar temporal expression patterns, and identified 41 GClTC related to brain developmental process. Then, we found 4 clusters containing 22 GClTC were enriched for the neuronal functions. The GClTC from different clusters presented distinct cell type preferences and anatomical heterogeneity. We also observed strong correlations between clustered genes and diseases, most of which were nervous system disorders. Finally, we found that one of the most well-known GClTC, SLC12A2, had a more profound effect on glial cell-related diseases than on neuron-related diseases, which was in accordance with our observation that SLC12A2 was mainly expressed in oligodendrocytes during brain development. Our findings provide a more comprehensive understanding of the temporal and spatial expression characteristics of GClTC, which can help us understand the complex roles of GClTC in the development of the healthy human brain and the etiology of brain disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanruo Huang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Qihang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yunsong Peng
- Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, School of Biomedical Engineering (Suzhou), University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
- Medical Imaging Department, Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, 215163, China
| | - Wenjie Du
- Department of Anesthesiology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Qi Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Jiangtao Qi
- Department of Anesthesiology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Zijian Hao
- Institute of Science and Technology for Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China.
- MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China.
| | - Yingwei Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China.
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Rodriguez-Ayllon M, Plaza-Florido A, Mendez-Gutierrez A, Altmäe S, Solis-Urra P, Aguilera CM, Catena A, Ortega FB, Esteban-Cornejo I. The effects of a 20-week exercise program on blood-circulating biomarkers related to brain health in overweight or obese children: The ActiveBrains project. JOURNAL OF SPORT AND HEALTH SCIENCE 2023; 12:175-185. [PMID: 36529369 PMCID: PMC10105026 DOI: 10.1016/j.jshs.2022.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Revised: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Emerging research supports the idea that exercise positively affects neurodevelopment. However, the mechanisms linking exercise with brain health are largely unknown. We aimed to investigate the effect of exercise on (a) blood biomarkers selected based on previous evidence (brain-derived neurotrophic factor, β-hydroxybutyrate (BHB), cathepsin B (CTSB), kynurenine, fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21), soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (sVCAM-1)); and (b) a panel of 92 neurology-related proteins (discovery analysis). We also investigated whether changes in these biomarkers mediate the effects of exercise on brain health (hippocampal structure and function, cognitive performance, and mental health). METHODS We randomized 81 overweight/obese children (10.1 ± 1.1 years, 41% girls) into 2 groups: either 20 weeks of aerobic plus resistance exercise or control. Candidate biomarkers were assessed using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for kynurenine, FGF21, and CTSB; colorimetry for β-hydroxybutyrate; and XMap for brain-derived neurotrophic factor and soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule-1. The 92 neurology-related proteins were analyzed by an antibody-based proteomic analysis. RESULTS Our intervention had no significant effect on candidate biomarkers (all p > 0.05). In the discovery analysis, a reduction in circulating macrophage scavenger receptor type-I was observed (standardized differences between groups = -0.3, p = 0.001). This effect was validated using ELISA methods (standardized difference = -0.3, p = 0.01). None of the biomarkers mediated the effects of exercise on brain health. CONCLUSIONS Our study does not support a chronic effect of exercise on candidate biomarkers. We observed that while chronic exercise reduced the levels of macrophage scavenger receptor type-I, it did not mediate the effects of exercise on brain health. Future studies should explore the implications of this novel biomarker for overall health.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Rodriguez-Ayllon
- PROFITH "PROmoting FITness and Health through physical activity" research group, Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), Department of Physical and Sports Education, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, Granada 18071, Spain; Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam 3015 GD, the Netherlands
| | - Abel Plaza-Florido
- PROFITH "PROmoting FITness and Health through physical activity" research group, Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), Department of Physical and Sports Education, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, Granada 18071, Spain
| | - Andrea Mendez-Gutierrez
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, School of Pharmacy, University of Granada, Granada 18071, Spain
| | - Signe Altmäe
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Granada, Granada 18071, Spain
| | - Patricio Solis-Urra
- PROFITH "PROmoting FITness and Health through physical activity" research group, Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), Department of Physical and Sports Education, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, Granada 18071, Spain; Nuclear Medicine Services, Virgen de Las Nieves University Hospital, Granada 18014, Spain; Faculty of Education and Social Sciences, Universidad Andres Bello, Viña del Mar 2531015, Chile
| | - Concepción M Aguilera
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, School of Pharmacy, University of Granada, Granada 18071, Spain
| | - Andrés Catena
- Department of Experimental Psychology, School of Psychology, University of Granada, Granada 18011, Spain
| | - Francisco B Ortega
- PROFITH "PROmoting FITness and Health through physical activity" research group, Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), Department of Physical and Sports Education, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, Granada 18071, Spain; Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä 40014, Finland; Department of Bioscience and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, SE 141 57, Sweden.
| | - Irene Esteban-Cornejo
- PROFITH "PROmoting FITness and Health through physical activity" research group, Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), Department of Physical and Sports Education, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, Granada 18071, Spain
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Bogers L, Engelenburg HJ, Janssen M, Unger PPA, Melief MJ, Wierenga-Wolf AF, Hsiao CC, Mason MRJ, Hamann J, van Langelaar J, Smolders J, van Luijn MM. Selective emergence of antibody-secreting cells in the multiple sclerosis brain. EBioMedicine 2023; 89:104465. [PMID: 36796230 PMCID: PMC9958261 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2023.104465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although distinct brain-homing B cells have been identified in multiple sclerosis (MS), it is unknown how these further evolve to contribute to local pathology. We explored B-cell maturation in the central nervous system (CNS) of MS patients and determined their association with immunoglobulin (Ig) production, T-cell presence, and lesion formation. METHODS Ex vivo flow cytometry was performed on post-mortem blood, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), meninges and white matter from 28 MS and 10 control brain donors to characterize B cells and antibody-secreting cells (ASCs). MS brain tissue sections were analysed with immunostainings and microarrays. IgG index and CSF oligoclonal bands were measured with nephelometry, isoelectric focusing, and immunoblotting. Blood-derived B cells were cocultured under T follicular helper-like conditions to evaluate their ASC-differentiating capacity in vitro. FINDINGS ASC versus B-cell ratios were increased in post-mortem CNS compartments of MS but not control donors. Local presence of ASCs associated with a mature CD45low phenotype, focal MS lesional activity, lesional Ig gene expression, and CSF IgG levels as well as clonality. In vitro B-cell maturation into ASCs did not differ between MS and control donors. Notably, lesional CD4+ memory T cells positively correlated with ASC presence, reflected by local interplay with T cells. INTERPRETATION These findings provide evidence that local B cells at least in late-stage MS preferentially mature into ASCs, which are largely responsible for intrathecal and local Ig production. This is especially seen in active MS white matter lesions and likely depends on the interaction with CD4+ memory T cells. FUNDING Stichting MS Research (19-1057 MS; 20-490f MS), National MS Fonds (OZ2018-003).
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurens Bogers
- Department of Immunology, MS Center ErasMS, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, 3015 CN, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Hendrik J Engelenburg
- Neuroimmunology Research Group, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, 1105 BA, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Malou Janssen
- Department of Immunology, MS Center ErasMS, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, 3015 CN, Rotterdam, The Netherlands; Department of Neurology, MS Center ErasMS, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, 3015 CN, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Peter-Paul A Unger
- Department of Viroscience, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, 3015 CN, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Marie-José Melief
- Department of Immunology, MS Center ErasMS, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, 3015 CN, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Annet F Wierenga-Wolf
- Department of Immunology, MS Center ErasMS, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, 3015 CN, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Cheng-Chih Hsiao
- Neuroimmunology Research Group, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, 1105 BA, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Matthew R J Mason
- Neuroimmunology Research Group, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, 1105 BA, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jörg Hamann
- Neuroimmunology Research Group, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, 1105 BA, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Department of Experimental Immunology, Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, 1007 MB, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jamie van Langelaar
- Department of Immunology, MS Center ErasMS, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, 3015 CN, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Joost Smolders
- Department of Immunology, MS Center ErasMS, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, 3015 CN, Rotterdam, The Netherlands; Neuroimmunology Research Group, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, 1105 BA, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Department of Neurology, MS Center ErasMS, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, 3015 CN, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Marvin M van Luijn
- Department of Immunology, MS Center ErasMS, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, 3015 CN, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
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Campagna MP, Xavier A, Stankovich J, Maltby VE, Slee M, Yeh WZ, Kilpatrick T, Scott RJ, Butzkueven H, Lechner-Scott J, Lea RA, Jokubaitis VG. Parity is associated with long-term differences in DNA methylation at genes related to neural plasticity in multiple sclerosis. Clin Epigenetics 2023; 15:20. [PMID: 36765422 PMCID: PMC9921068 DOI: 10.1186/s13148-023-01438-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/05/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pregnancy in women with multiple sclerosis (wwMS) is associated with a reduction of long-term disability progression. The mechanism that drives this effect is unknown, but converging evidence suggests a role for epigenetic mechanisms altering immune and/or central nervous system function. In this study, we aimed to identify whole blood and immune cell-specific DNA methylation patterns associated with parity in relapse-onset MS. RESULTS We investigated the association between whole blood and immune cell-type-specific genome-wide methylation patterns and parity in 192 women with relapse-onset MS, matched for age and disease severity. The median time from last pregnancy to blood collection was 16.7 years (range = 1.5-44.4 years). We identified 2965 differentially methylated positions in whole blood, 68.5% of which were hypermethylated in parous women; together with two differentially methylated regions on Chromosomes 17 and 19 which mapped to TMC8 and ZNF577, respectively. Our findings validated 22 DMPs and 366 differentially methylated genes from existing literature on epigenetic changes associated with parity in wwMS. Differentially methylated genes in whole blood were enriched in neuronal structure and growth-related pathways. Immune cell-type-specific analysis using cell-type proportion estimates from statistical deconvolution of whole blood revealed further differential methylation in T cells specifically (four in CD4+ and eight in CD8+ T cells). We further identified reduced methylation age acceleration in parous women, demonstrating slower biological aging compared to nulligravida women. CONCLUSION Differential methylation at genes related to neural plasticity offers a potential molecular mechanism driving the long-term effect of pregnancy on MS outcomes. Our results point to a potential 'CNS signature' of methylation in peripheral immune cells, as previously described in relation to MS progression, induced by parity. As the first epigenome-wide association study of parity in wwMS reported, validation studies are needed to confirm our findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Pia Campagna
- Department of Neuroscience, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
| | - Alexandre Xavier
- grid.266842.c0000 0000 8831 109XSchool of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia ,grid.266842.c0000 0000 8831 109XHunter Medical Research Institute, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW Australia
| | - Jim Stankovich
- grid.1002.30000 0004 1936 7857Department of Neuroscience, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC Australia
| | - Vicki E. Maltby
- grid.266842.c0000 0000 8831 109XHunter Medical Research Institute, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW Australia ,grid.266842.c0000 0000 8831 109XSchool of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW Australia ,grid.414724.00000 0004 0577 6676Neurology Department, John Hunter Hospital, Hunter New England, Newcastle, NSW Australia
| | - Mark Slee
- grid.1014.40000 0004 0367 2697College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Wei Z. Yeh
- grid.1002.30000 0004 1936 7857Department of Neuroscience, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC Australia ,grid.267362.40000 0004 0432 5259Neurology Department, Alfred Health, Melbourne, VIC Australia
| | - Trevor Kilpatrick
- grid.1008.90000 0001 2179 088XDepartment of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC Australia ,grid.416153.40000 0004 0624 1200Department of Neurology, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, VIC Australia
| | - Rodney J. Scott
- grid.266842.c0000 0000 8831 109XSchool of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia ,grid.266842.c0000 0000 8831 109XHunter Medical Research Institute, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW Australia
| | - Helmut Butzkueven
- grid.1002.30000 0004 1936 7857Department of Neuroscience, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC Australia ,grid.267362.40000 0004 0432 5259Neurology Department, Alfred Health, Melbourne, VIC Australia
| | - Jeannette Lechner-Scott
- grid.266842.c0000 0000 8831 109XHunter Medical Research Institute, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW Australia ,grid.266842.c0000 0000 8831 109XSchool of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW Australia ,grid.414724.00000 0004 0577 6676Neurology Department, John Hunter Hospital, Hunter New England, Newcastle, NSW Australia
| | - Rodney A. Lea
- grid.266842.c0000 0000 8831 109XHunter Medical Research Institute, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW Australia ,grid.1024.70000000089150953Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD Australia
| | - Vilija G. Jokubaitis
- grid.1002.30000 0004 1936 7857Department of Neuroscience, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC Australia ,grid.267362.40000 0004 0432 5259Neurology Department, Alfred Health, Melbourne, VIC Australia ,grid.1008.90000 0001 2179 088XDepartment of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC Australia ,grid.416153.40000 0004 0624 1200Department of Neurology, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, VIC Australia
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ANO4 Expression Is a Potential Prognostic Biomarker in Non-Metastasized Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma. J Pers Med 2023; 13:jpm13020295. [PMID: 36836529 PMCID: PMC9965005 DOI: 10.3390/jpm13020295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2023] [Revised: 01/28/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Over the past decade, transcriptome profiling has elucidated many pivotal pathways involved in oncogenesis. However, a detailed comprehensive map of tumorigenesis remains an enigma to solve. Propelled research has been devoted to investigating the molecular drivers of clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC). To add another piece to the puzzle, we evaluated the role of anoctamin 4 (ANO4) expression as a potential prognostic biomarker in non-metastasized ccRCC. Methods: A total of 422 ccRCC patients with the corresponding ANO4 expression and clinicopathological data were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas Program (TCGA). Differential expression across several clinicopathological variables was performed. The Kaplan-Meier method was used to assess the impact of ANO4 expression on the overall survival (OS), progression-free interval (PFI), disease-free interval (DFI), and disease-specific survival (DSS). Univariate and multivariate Cox logistic regression analyses were conducted to identify independent factors modulating the aforementioned outcomes. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) was used to discern a set of molecular mechanisms involved in the prognostic signature. Tumor immune microenvironment was estimated using xCell. Results: ANO4 expression was upregulated in tumor samples compared to normal kidney tissue. Albeit the latter finding, low ANO4 expression is associated with advanced clinicopathological variables such as tumor grade, stage, and pT. In addition, low ANO4 expression is linked to shorter OS, PFI, and DSS. Multivariate Cox logistic regression analysis identified ANO4 expression as an independent prognostic variable in OS (HR: 1.686, 95% CI: 1.120-2.540, p = 0.012), PFI (HR: 1.727, 95% CI: 1.103-2.704, p = 0.017), and DSS (HR: 2.688, 95% CI: 1.465-4.934, p = 0.001). GSEA identified the following pathways to be enriched within the low ANO4 expression group: epithelial-mesenchymal transition, G2-M checkpoint, E2F targets, estrogen response, apical junction, glycolysis, hypoxia, coagulation, KRAS, complement, p53, myogenesis, and TNF-α signaling via NF-κB pathways. ANO4 expression correlates significantly with monocyte (ρ = -0.1429, p = 0.0033) and mast cell (ρ = 0.1598, p = 0.001) infiltration. Conclusions: In the presented work, low ANO4 expression is portrayed as a potential poor prognostic factor in non-metastasized ccRCC. Further experimental studies should be directed to shed new light on the exact molecular mechanisms involved.
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Osteopontin associates with brain T RM-cell transcriptome and compartmentalization in donors with and without multiple sclerosis. iScience 2022; 26:105785. [PMID: 36594029 PMCID: PMC9804143 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.105785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Revised: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The human brain is populated by perivascular T cells with a tissue-resident memory T (TRM)-cell phenotype, which in multiple sclerosis (MS) associate with lesions. We investigated the transcriptional and functional profile of freshly isolated T cells from white and gray matter. RNA sequencing of CD8+ and CD4+ CD69+ T cells revealed TRM-cell signatures. Notably, gene expression hardly differed between lesional and normal-appearing white matter T cells in MS brains. Genes up-regulated in brain TRM cells were MS4A1 (CD20) and SPP1 (osteopontin, OPN). OPN is also abundantly expressed by microglia and has been shown to inhibit T cell activity. In line with their parenchymal localization and the increased presence of OPN in active MS lesions, we noticed a reduced production of inflammatory cytokines IL-2, TNF, and IFNγ by lesion-derived CD8+ and CD4+ T cells ex vivo. Our study reports traits of brain TRM cells and reveals their tight control in MS lesions.
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Jia T, Ma Y, Qin F, Han F, Zhang C. Brain proteome-wide association study linking-genes in multiple sclerosis pathogenesis. Ann Clin Transl Neurol 2022; 10:58-69. [PMID: 36475386 PMCID: PMC9852387 DOI: 10.1002/acn3.51699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Revised: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To identify genes that confer MS risk via the alteration of cis-regulated protein abundance and verify their aberrant expression in human brain. METHODS Utilizing a two-stage proteome-wide association study (PWAS) design, MS GWAS data (N = 41,505) was respectively integrated with two distinct human brain proteomes from the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, including ROSMAP (N = 376) in the discovery stage and Banner (N = 152) in the confirmation stage. In the following, Bayesian colocalization analysis was conducted for GWAS and protein quantitative trait loci signals to prioritize candidate genes. Differential expression analysis was then used to verify the dysregulation of risk genes in white matter and gray matter for evidence at the transcription level. RESULTS A total of 51 genes whose protein abundance had association with the MS risk were identified, of which 18 genes overlapped in the discovery and confirmation PWAS. Bayesian colocalization indicated six causal genes with genetic risk variants for the MS risk. The differential expression analysis of SHMT1 (PFDR = 4.82 × 10-2 ), FAM120B (PFDR = 8.13 × 10-4 ) in white matter and ICA1L (PFDR = 3.44 × 10-2 ) in gray matter confirmed the dysregulation at the transcription level. Further investigation of expression found SHMT1 significantly up-regulated in white matter lesion, and FAM120B up-regulated in both white matter lesion and normal appearing white matter. ICA1L was down-regulated in both gray matter lesion and normal appearing gray matter. INTERPRETATION Dysregulation of SHMT1, FAM120B and ICA1L may confer MS risk. Our findings shed new light on the pathogenesis of MS and prioritized promising targets for future therapy research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Jia
- Mental Health Center and Psychiatric Laboratory, the State Key Laboratory of BiotherapyWest China Hospital of Sichuan UniversityChengduSichuanChina
| | - Yanni Ma
- Mental Health Center and Psychiatric Laboratory, the State Key Laboratory of BiotherapyWest China Hospital of Sichuan UniversityChengduSichuanChina
| | - Fengqin Qin
- Department of Neurologythe 3rd Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical CollegeChengduSichuanChina
| | - Feng Han
- Department of Emergency MedicineHainan General Hospital, Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical UniversityHaikouChina
| | - Chengcheng Zhang
- Mental Health Center and Psychiatric Laboratory, the State Key Laboratory of BiotherapyWest China Hospital of Sichuan UniversityChengduSichuanChina
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Nataf S, Guillen M, Pays L. Irrespective of Plaque Activity, Multiple Sclerosis Brain Periplaques Exhibit Alterations of Myelin Genes and a TGF-Beta Signature. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232314993. [PMID: 36499320 PMCID: PMC9738407 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232314993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Revised: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
In a substantial share of patients suffering from multiple sclerosis (MS), neurological functions slowly deteriorate despite a lack of radiological activity. Such a silent progression, observed in either relapsing-remitting or progressive forms of MS, is driven by mechanisms that appear to be independent from plaque activity. In this context, we previously reported that, in the spinal cord of MS patients, periplaques cover large surfaces of partial demyelination characterized notably by a transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta) molecular signature and a decreased expression of the oligodendrocyte gene NDRG1 (N-Myc downstream regulated 1). In the present work, we re-assessed a previously published RNA expression dataset in which brain periplaques were originally used as internal controls. When comparing the mRNA profiles obtained from brain periplaques with those derived from control normal white matter samples, we found that, irrespective of plaque activity, brain periplaques exhibited a TGF-beta molecular signature, an increased expression of TGFB2 (transforming growth factor beta 2) and a decreased expression of the oligodendrocyte genes NDRG1 (N-Myc downstream regulated 1) and MAG (myelin-associated glycoprotein). From these data obtained at the mRNA level, a survey of the human proteome allowed predicting a protein-protein interaction network linking TGFB2 to the down-regulation of both NDRG1 and MAG in brain periplaques. To further elucidate the role of NDRG1 in periplaque-associated partial demyelination, we then extracted the interaction network linking NDRG1 to proteins detected in human central myelin sheaths. We observed that such a network was highly significantly enriched in RNA-binding proteins that notably included several HNRNPs (heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoproteins) involved in the post-transcriptional regulation of MAG. We conclude that both brain and spinal cord periplaques host a chronic process of tissue remodeling, during which oligodendrocyte myelinating functions are altered. Our findings further suggest that TGFB2 may fuel such a process. Overall, the present work provides additional evidence that periplaque-associated partial demyelination may drive the silent progression observed in a subset of MS patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serge Nataf
- Bank of Tissues and Cells, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Hôpital Edouard Herriot, Place d’Arsonval, F-69003 Lyon, France
- Stem-Cell and Brain Research Institute, 18 Avenue de Doyen Lépine, F-69500 Bron, France
- Lyon-Est School of Medicine, University Claude Bernard Lyon 1, 43 Bd du 11 Novembre 1918, F-69100 Villeurbanne, France
- Correspondence:
| | - Marine Guillen
- Bank of Tissues and Cells, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Hôpital Edouard Herriot, Place d’Arsonval, F-69003 Lyon, France
- Stem-Cell and Brain Research Institute, 18 Avenue de Doyen Lépine, F-69500 Bron, France
| | - Laurent Pays
- Bank of Tissues and Cells, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Hôpital Edouard Herriot, Place d’Arsonval, F-69003 Lyon, France
- Stem-Cell and Brain Research Institute, 18 Avenue de Doyen Lépine, F-69500 Bron, France
- Lyon-Est School of Medicine, University Claude Bernard Lyon 1, 43 Bd du 11 Novembre 1918, F-69100 Villeurbanne, France
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Hwang M, Savarin C, Kim J, Powers J, Towne N, Oh H, Bergmann CC. Trem2 deficiency impairs recovery and phagocytosis and dysregulates myeloid gene expression during virus-induced demyelination. J Neuroinflammation 2022; 19:267. [PMID: 36333761 PMCID: PMC9635103 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-022-02629-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2 (Trem2) plays a protective role in neurodegenerative diseases. By contrast, Trem2 functions can exacerbate tissue damage during respiratory viral or liver infections. We, therefore, investigated the role of Trem2 in a viral encephalomyelitis model associated with prominent Th1 mediated antiviral immunity leading to demyelination. Methods Wild-type (WT) and Trem2 deficient (Trem2−/−) mice were infected with a sublethal glia tropic murine coronavirus (MHV–JHM) intracranially. Disease progression and survival were monitored daily. Leukocyte accumulation and pathological features including demyelination and axonal damage in spinal cords (SC) were determined by flow cytometry and tissue section immunofluorescence analysis. Expression of select inflammatory cytokines and chemokines was measured by RT-PCR and global myeloid cell gene expression in SC-derived microglia and infiltrated bone-marrow-derived macrophages (BMDM) were determined using the Nanostring nCounter platform. Results BMDM recruited to SCs in response to infection highly upregulated Trem2 mRNA compared to microglia coincident with viral control. Trem2 deficiency did not alter disease onset or severity, but impaired clinical recovery after onset of demyelination. Disease progression in Trem2−/− mice could not be attributed to altered virus control or an elevated proinflammatory response. A prominent difference was increased degenerated myelin not associated with the myeloid cell markers IBA1 and/or CD68. Gene expression profiles of SC-derived microglia and BMDM further revealed that Trem2 deficiency resulted in impaired upregulation of phagocytosis associated genes Lpl and Cd36 in microglia, but a more complex pattern in BMDM. Conclusions Trem2 deficiency during viral-induced demyelination dysregulates expression of other select genes regulating phagocytic pathways and lipid metabolism, with distinct effects on microglia and BMDM. The ultimate failure to remove damaged myelin is reminiscent of toxin or autoimmune cell-induced demyelination models and supports that Trem2 function is regulated by sensing tissue damage including a dysregulated lipid environment in very distinct inflammatory environments. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12974-022-02629-1.
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Luoqian J, Yang W, Ding X, Tuo QZ, Xiang Z, Zheng Z, Guo YJ, Li L, Guan P, Ayton S, Dong B, Zhang H, Hu H, Lei P. Ferroptosis promotes T-cell activation-induced neurodegeneration in multiple sclerosis. Cell Mol Immunol 2022; 19:913-924. [PMID: 35676325 PMCID: PMC9338013 DOI: 10.1038/s41423-022-00883-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Revised: 05/08/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
While many drugs are effective at reducing the relapse frequency of multiple sclerosis (MS), there is an unmet need for treatments that slow neurodegeneration resulting from secondary disease progression. The mechanism of neurodegeneration in MS has not yet been established. Here, we discovered a potential pathogenetic role of ferroptosis, an iron-dependent regulated cell death mechanism, in MS. We found that critical ferroptosis proteins (acyl-CoA synthetase long-chain family member 4, ACSL4) were altered in an existing genomic database of MS patients, and biochemical features of ferroptosis, including lipid reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation and mitochondrial shrinkage, were observed in the experimental autoimmune encephalitis (EAE) mouse model. Targeting ferroptosis with ferroptosis inhibitors or reducing ACSL4 expression improved the behavioral phenotypes of EAE mice, reduced neuroinflammation, and prevented neuronal death. We found that ferroptosis was an early event in EAE, which may promote T-cell activation through T-cell receptor (TCR) signaling in vitro and in vivo. These data indicate that ferroptosis may be a potential target for treating MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinyuan Luoqian
- Department of Neurology and Center for Immunology and Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Wenyong Yang
- Department of Neurology and Center for Immunology and Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xulong Ding
- Department of Neurology and Center for Immunology and Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Qing-Zhang Tuo
- Department of Neurology and Center for Immunology and Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Zheng Xiang
- Department of Neurology and Center for Immunology and Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhaoyue Zheng
- Department of Neurology and Center for Immunology and Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yu-Jie Guo
- Department of Neurology and Center for Immunology and Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Li Li
- Department of Neurology and Center for Immunology and Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Pengbo Guan
- Department of Neurology and Center for Immunology and Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Scott Ayton
- Melbourne Dementia Research Centre, Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Biao Dong
- Department of Neurology and Center for Immunology and Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Huiyuan Zhang
- Department of Neurology and Center for Immunology and Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Hongbo Hu
- Department of Neurology and Center for Immunology and Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
| | - Peng Lei
- Department of Neurology and Center for Immunology and Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
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34
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Moezzi D, Dong Y, Jain RW, Lozinski BM, Ghorbani S, D'Mello C, Wee Yong V. Expression of antioxidant enzymes in lesions of multiple sclerosis and its models. Sci Rep 2022; 12:12761. [PMID: 35882921 PMCID: PMC9325863 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-16840-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress promotes tissue injury in the central nervous system in neurological disorders such as multiple sclerosis (MS). To protect against this, antioxidant enzymes including superoxide dismutase-1 (SOD1), heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), peroxiredoxin-5 (PRDX5) and glutathione peroxidase-4 (GPX4) may be upregulated. However, whether antioxidant enzyme elevation in mouse models of neurodegeneration corresponds to their expression in human diseases such as MS requires investigation. Here, we analyzed and compared the expression of SOD1, HO-1, PRDX5 and GPX4 in the murine spinal cord of three models of MS: focal lesions induced by (1) oxidized phosphatidylcholine or (2) lysophosphatidylcholine (lysolecithin), and (3) diffuse lesions of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. Notably, CD68+ microglia/macrophages were the predominant cellular populations that expressed the highest levels of the detected antioxidant enzymes. Overall, the expression patterns of antioxidant enzymes across the models were similar. The increase of these antioxidant enzymes was corroborated in MS brain tissue using spatial RNA sequencing. Collectively, these results show that antioxidant capacity is relatively conserved between mouse models and MS lesions, and suggest a need to investigate whether the antioxidant elevation in microglia/macrophages is a protective response during oxidative injury, neurodegeneration, and MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorsa Moezzi
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, 3330 Hospital Drive, Calgary, AB, T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - Yifei Dong
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, 3330 Hospital Drive, Calgary, AB, T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - Rajiv W Jain
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, 3330 Hospital Drive, Calgary, AB, T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - Brian M Lozinski
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, 3330 Hospital Drive, Calgary, AB, T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - Samira Ghorbani
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, 3330 Hospital Drive, Calgary, AB, T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - Charlotte D'Mello
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, 3330 Hospital Drive, Calgary, AB, T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - V Wee Yong
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, 3330 Hospital Drive, Calgary, AB, T2N 4N1, Canada.
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35
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Lu SZ, Wu Y, Guo YS, Liang PZ, Yin S, Yin YQ, Zhang XL, Liu YF, Wang HY, Xiao YC, Liang XM, Zhou JW. Inhibition of astrocytic DRD2 suppresses CNS inflammation in an animal model of multiple sclerosis. J Exp Med 2022; 219:213362. [PMID: 35877595 PMCID: PMC9350686 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20210998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2021] [Revised: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Astrocyte activation is associated with progressive inflammatory demyelination in multiple sclerosis (MS). The molecular mechanisms underlying astrocyte activation remain incompletely understood. Recent studies have suggested that classical neurotransmitter receptors are implicated in the modulation of brain innate immunity. We investigated the role of dopamine signaling in the process of astrocyte activation. Here, we show the upregulation of dopamine D2 receptor (DRD2) in reactive astrocytes in MS brain and noncanonical role of astrocytic DRD2 in MS pathogenesis. Mice deficient in astrocytic Drd2 exhibit a remarkable suppression of reactive astrocytes and amelioration of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). Mechanistically, DRD2 regulates the expression of 6-pyruvoyl-tetrahydropterin synthase, which modulates NF-κB activity through protein kinase C-δ. Pharmacological blockade of astrocytic DRD2 with a DRD2 antagonist dehydrocorybulbine remarkably inhibits the inflammatory response in mice lacking neuronal Drd2. Together, our findings reveal previously an uncharted role for DRD2 in astrocyte activation during EAE-associated CNS inflammation. Its therapeutic inhibition may provide a potent lever to alleviate autoimmune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shen-zhao Lu
- Institute of Neuroscience, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Yue Wu
- Institute of Neuroscience, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Yong-shun Guo
- Institute of Neuroscience, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Pei-zhou Liang
- Institute of Neuroscience, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Shu Yin
- Institute of Neuroscience, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan-qing Yin
- Institute of Neuroscience, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiu-li Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, China
| | - Yan-Fang Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, China
| | - Hong-yan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Key Laboratory of Systems Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi-chuan Xiao
- The Key Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology, Institute of Health Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Xin-miao Liang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, China,Xin-miao Liang:
| | - Jia-wei Zhou
- Institute of Neuroscience, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China,School of Future Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China,Shanghai Center for Brain Science and Brain-Inspired Intelligence Technology, Shanghai, China,Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, School of Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China,Correspondence to Jia-wei Zho:
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36
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Nishi R, Ohyagi M, Nagata T, Mabuchi Y, Yokota T. Regulation of activated microglia and macrophages by systemically administered DNA/RNA heteroduplex oligonucleotides. Mol Ther 2022; 30:2210-2223. [PMID: 35189344 PMCID: PMC9171263 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2022.02.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Revised: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Microglial activation followed by recruitment of blood-borne macrophages into the central nervous system (CNS) aggravates neuroinflammation. Specifically, in multiple sclerosis (MS) as well as in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), a rodent model of MS, activated microglia and macrophages (Mg/Mφ) promote proinflammatory responses and expand demyelination in the CNS. However, a potent therapeutic approach through the systemic route for regulating their functions has not yet been developed. Here, we demonstrate that a systemically injected DNA/RNA heteroduplex oligonucleotide (HDO), composed of an antisense oligonucleotide (ASO) and its complementary RNA, conjugated to cholesterol (Chol-HDO) distributed more efficiently to demyelinating lesions of the spinal cord in EAE mice with significant gene silencing than the parent ASO. Importantly, systemic administration of Cd40-targeting Chol-HDO improved clinical signs of EAE with significant downregulation of Cd40 in Mg/Mφ. Furthermore, we successfully identify that macrophage scavenger receptor 1 (MSR1) is responsible for the uptake of Chol-HDO by Mg/Mφ of EAE mice. Overall, our findings demonstrate the therapeutic potency of systemically administered Chol-HDO to regulate activated Mg/Mφ in neuroinflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rieko Nishi
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Science, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-8519, Japan; Center for Brain Integration Research, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masaki Ohyagi
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Science, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-8519, Japan; Center for Brain Integration Research, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Nagata
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Science, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-8519, Japan; Center for Brain Integration Research, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Yo Mabuchi
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takanori Yokota
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Science, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-8519, Japan; Center for Brain Integration Research, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan.
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37
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Taghizadeh LA, King CJ, Nascene DR, Gupta AO, Orchard PJ, Higgins L, Markowski TW, Nolan EE, Furcich JW, Lund TC. Glycoprotein nonmetastatic melanoma protein B (GNMPB) as a novel biomarker for cerebral adrenoleukodystrophy. Sci Rep 2022; 12:7985. [PMID: 35568699 PMCID: PMC9107455 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-11552-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Adrenoleukodystrophy (ALD) is an X-linked peroxisomal disease caused by a mutation in the ABCD1 gene, producing mutations in the very long chain fatty acid transporter, ALD protein. Cerebral ALD (cALD) is a severe phenotype of ALD with neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration. Elevated levels of Glycoprotein Nonmetastatic Melanoma Protein B (GNMPB) have been recently documented in neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease, Multiple Sclerosis and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis. Our objective was to measure the levels cerebral spinal fluid (CSF) GNMPB in cALD patients to determine if GNMPB could be a potential biomarker in tracking cALD disease progression. CSF GNMPB levels were significantly higher in cALD patients versus controls (2407 ± 1672 pg/mL vs. 639.5 ± 404 pg/mL, p = 0.0009). We found a positive correlation between CSF GNMPB and MRI disease severity score levels (R2 = 0.3225, p < 0.0001) as well as the gadolinium intensity score (p = 0.0204). Boys with more severe neurologic deficits also had higher levels of CSF GNMPB (p < 0.0001). A positive correlation was shown between CSF GNMPB and another biomarker, chitotriosidase (R2 = 0.2512, p = 0.0244). These data show that GNMPB could be a potential biomarker of cALD disease state and further studies should evaluate it as a predictor of the disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leyla A Taghizadeh
- Pediatric Blood and Marrow Transplant Program, Global Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Blood and Marrow Transplantation, MCRB, University of Minnesota, Room 460G, 425 East River Road, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Carina J King
- Pediatric Blood and Marrow Transplant Program, Global Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Blood and Marrow Transplantation, MCRB, University of Minnesota, Room 460G, 425 East River Road, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - David R Nascene
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, 55455, USA
| | - Ashish O Gupta
- Pediatric Blood and Marrow Transplant Program, Global Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Blood and Marrow Transplantation, MCRB, University of Minnesota, Room 460G, 425 East River Road, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Paul J Orchard
- Pediatric Blood and Marrow Transplant Program, Global Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Blood and Marrow Transplantation, MCRB, University of Minnesota, Room 460G, 425 East River Road, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - LeeAnn Higgins
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, 55455, USA
| | - Todd W Markowski
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, 55455, USA
| | - Erin E Nolan
- Pediatric Blood and Marrow Transplant Program, Global Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Blood and Marrow Transplantation, MCRB, University of Minnesota, Room 460G, 425 East River Road, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Justin W Furcich
- Pediatric Blood and Marrow Transplant Program, Global Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Blood and Marrow Transplantation, MCRB, University of Minnesota, Room 460G, 425 East River Road, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Troy C Lund
- Pediatric Blood and Marrow Transplant Program, Global Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Blood and Marrow Transplantation, MCRB, University of Minnesota, Room 460G, 425 East River Road, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA.
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38
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Elkjaer ML, Röttger R, Baumbach J, Illes Z. A Systematic Review of Tissue and Single Cell Transcriptome/Proteome Studies of the Brain in Multiple Sclerosis. Front Immunol 2022; 13:761225. [PMID: 35309325 PMCID: PMC8924618 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.761225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an inflammatory demyelinating and degenerative disease of the central nervous system (CNS). Although inflammatory responses are efficiently treated, therapies for progression are scarce and suboptimal, and biomarkers to predict the disease course are insufficient. Cure or preventive measures for MS require knowledge of core pathological events at the site of the tissue damage. Novelties in systems biology have emerged and paved the way for a more fine-grained understanding of key pathological pathways within the CNS, but they have also raised questions still without answers. Here, we systemically review the power of tissue and single-cell/nucleus CNS omics and discuss major gaps of integration into the clinical practice. Systemic search identified 49 transcriptome and 11 proteome studies of the CNS from 1997 till October 2021. Pioneering molecular discoveries indicate that MS affects the whole brain and all resident cell types. Despite inconsistency of results, studies imply increase in transcripts/proteins of semaphorins, heat shock proteins, myelin proteins, apolipoproteins and HLAs. Different lesions are characterized by distinct astrocytic and microglial polarization, altered oligodendrogenesis, and changes in specific neuronal subtypes. In all white matter lesion types, CXCL12, SCD, CD163 are highly expressed, and STAT6- and TGFβ-signaling are increased. In the grey matter lesions, TNF-signaling seems to drive cell death, and especially CUX2-expressing neurons may be susceptible to neurodegeneration. The vast heterogeneity at both cellular and lesional levels may underlie the clinical heterogeneity of MS, and it may be more complex than the current disease phenotyping in the clinical practice. Systems biology has not solved the mystery of MS, but it has discovered multiple molecules and networks potentially contributing to the pathogenesis. However, these results are mostly descriptive; focused functional studies of the molecular changes may open up for a better interpretation. Guidelines for acceptable quality or awareness of results from low quality data, and standardized computational and biological pipelines may help to overcome limited tissue availability and the “snap shot” problem of omics. These may help in identifying core pathological events and point in directions for focus in clinical prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria L Elkjaer
- Department of Neurology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark.,Institute of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.,Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Richard Röttger
- Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Jan Baumbach
- Chair of Computational Systems Biology, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Zsolt Illes
- Department of Neurology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark.,Institute of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.,Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
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39
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Ziaei A, Garcia-Miralles M, Radulescu CI, Sidik H, Silvin A, Bae HG, Bonnard C, Yusof NABM, Ferrari Bardile C, Tan LJ, Ng AYJ, Tohari S, Dehghani L, Henry L, Yeo XY, Lee S, Venkatesh B, Langley SR, Shaygannejad V, Reversade B, Jung S, Ginhoux F, Pouladi MA. Ermin deficiency leads to compromised myelin, inflammatory milieu, and susceptibility to demyelinating insult. Brain Pathol 2022; 32:e13064. [PMID: 35285112 PMCID: PMC9425013 DOI: 10.1111/bpa.13064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Revised: 01/09/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Ermin is an actin-binding protein found almost exclusively in the central nervous system (CNS) as a component of myelin sheaths. Although Ermin has been predicted to play a role in the formation and stability of myelin sheaths, this has not been directly examined in vivo. Here, we show that Ermin is essential for myelin sheath integrity and normal saltatory conduction. Loss of Ermin in mice caused de-compacted and fragmented myelin sheaths and led to slower conduction along with progressive neurological deficits. RNA sequencing of the corpus callosum, the largest white matter structure in the CNS, pointed to inflammatory activation in aged Ermin-deficient mice, which was corroborated by increased levels of microgliosis and astrogliosis. The inflammatory milieu and myelin abnormalities were further associated with increased susceptibility to immune-mediated demyelination insult in Ermin knockout mice. Supporting a possible role of Ermin deficiency in inflammatory white matter disorders, a rare inactivating mutation in the ERMN gene was identified in multiple sclerosis patients. Our findings demonstrate a critical role for Ermin in maintaining myelin integrity. Given its near-exclusive expression in myelinating oligodendrocytes, Ermin deficiency represents a compelling "inside-out" model of inflammatory dysmyelination and may offer a new paradigm for the development of myelin stability-targeted therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amin Ziaei
- Translational Laboratory in Genetic Medicine (TLGM), Agency for Science, Technology, and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore.,UCSF Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Marta Garcia-Miralles
- Translational Laboratory in Genetic Medicine (TLGM), Agency for Science, Technology, and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Carola I Radulescu
- Translational Laboratory in Genetic Medicine (TLGM), Agency for Science, Technology, and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Harwin Sidik
- Translational Laboratory in Genetic Medicine (TLGM), Agency for Science, Technology, and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Aymeric Silvin
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), A*STAR, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Han-Gyu Bae
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, A*STAR, Biopolis, Singapore, Singapore.,Department of Life Sciences, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, South Korea
| | - Carine Bonnard
- Institute of Medical Biology, A*STAR, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Nur Amirah Binte Mohammad Yusof
- Translational Laboratory in Genetic Medicine (TLGM), Agency for Science, Technology, and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Costanza Ferrari Bardile
- Translational Laboratory in Genetic Medicine (TLGM), Agency for Science, Technology, and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore.,Department of Medical Genetics, British Columbia Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Liang Juin Tan
- Translational Laboratory in Genetic Medicine (TLGM), Agency for Science, Technology, and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Alvin Yu Jin Ng
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, A*STAR, Biopolis, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Sumanty Tohari
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, A*STAR, Biopolis, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Leila Dehghani
- Department of Neurology, Isfahan Neurosciences Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Lily Henry
- Translational Laboratory in Genetic Medicine (TLGM), Agency for Science, Technology, and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Xin Yi Yeo
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, A*STAR, Biopolis, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Sejin Lee
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, A*STAR, Biopolis, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Byrappa Venkatesh
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, A*STAR, Biopolis, Singapore, Singapore.,Department of Pediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Sarah R Langley
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Vahid Shaygannejad
- Department of Neurology, Isfahan Neurosciences Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | | | - Sangyong Jung
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, A*STAR, Biopolis, Singapore, Singapore.,Department of Physiology, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Florent Ginhoux
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), A*STAR, Singapore, Singapore.,Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Translational Immunology Institute, SingHealth Duke-NUS Academic Medical Centre, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Mahmoud A Pouladi
- Translational Laboratory in Genetic Medicine (TLGM), Agency for Science, Technology, and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore.,Department of Medical Genetics, British Columbia Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
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40
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Berghoff SA, Spieth L, Saher G. Local cholesterol metabolism orchestrates remyelination. Trends Neurosci 2022; 45:272-283. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tins.2022.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Revised: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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41
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Ding D, Zhang L, Liu X, Sun C, He J, Li J, Gao X, Guan F, Zhang L. Chemokine CCL18 Promotes Phagocytosis Through Its Receptor CCR8 Rather than PITPNM3 in Human Microglial Cells. J Interferon Cytokine Res 2022; 42:19-28. [PMID: 35041514 DOI: 10.1089/jir.2021.0123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
CCL18 is a CC chemokine that exhibits diverse functions through interaction with various cell subsets with both proinflammatory anti-inflammatory properties through its receptors CCR8 (CC chemokine receptor 8) and PITPNM3 (phosphatidylinositol transfer protein 3). However, the function of CCL18 in microglia remains unclear. In this study, we show that CCL18 did not change the expression of the inflammatory factors, interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), or inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), but significantly induced expression of the macrophage markers, MRC-1 and ARG-1 M2, in a human microglial clone 3 cell line (HMC3). Phagocytosis by HMC3 cells was significantly enhanced in the presence of CCL18, indicated by uptake of amyloid-β and dextran. CCR8 and PITPNM3 were both expressed on HMC3 cells, but selective knockdown of CCR8 and PITPNM3 showed that only the former played a dominant role in phagocytosis of HMC3 through the nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB)/Src signaling pathway. Our results suggest that CCL18 could have anti-inflammatory activity and activate the phagocytic function of microglia, which is involved in neural development, homeostasis, and repair mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dengfeng Ding
- Key Laboratory of Human Disease Comparative Medicine, National Health Commission of China (NHC), Institute of Laboratory Animal Science, Peking Union Medicine College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Beijing Engineering Research Center for Experimental Animal Models of Human Diseases, Institute of Laboratory Animal Science, Peking Union Medicine College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xu Liu
- Key Laboratory of Human Disease Comparative Medicine, National Health Commission of China (NHC), Institute of Laboratory Animal Science, Peking Union Medicine College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Caixian Sun
- Beijing Engineering Research Center for Experimental Animal Models of Human Diseases, Institute of Laboratory Animal Science, Peking Union Medicine College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jiayue He
- Beijing Engineering Research Center for Experimental Animal Models of Human Diseases, Institute of Laboratory Animal Science, Peking Union Medicine College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jingwen Li
- Key Laboratory of Human Disease Comparative Medicine, National Health Commission of China (NHC), Institute of Laboratory Animal Science, Peking Union Medicine College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiang Gao
- Key Laboratory of Human Disease Comparative Medicine, National Health Commission of China (NHC), Institute of Laboratory Animal Science, Peking Union Medicine College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Feifei Guan
- Beijing Engineering Research Center for Experimental Animal Models of Human Diseases, Institute of Laboratory Animal Science, Peking Union Medicine College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lianfeng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Human Disease Comparative Medicine, National Health Commission of China (NHC), Institute of Laboratory Animal Science, Peking Union Medicine College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.,Neuroscience Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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42
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Ben Aribi H, Ding M, Kiran A. Gene expression data visualization tool on the o²S²PARC platform. F1000Res 2022; 11:1267. [PMID: 36816807 PMCID: PMC9932352 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.126840.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: The identification of differentially expressed genes and their associated biological processes, molecular function, and cellular components are essential for genetic disease studies because they present potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets. Methods: In this study, we developed an o²S²PARC template to instantiate an interactive pipeline for gene expression data visualization, ontological mapping, and statistical evaluation. To demonstrate the tool's usefulness, we performed a case study on a publicly available dataset. Results: The tool enables users to identify the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and visualize them in a volcano plot format. Ontologies associated with the DEGs are assigned and visualized in barplots. Conclusions: The "Expression data visualization" template is publicly available on the o²S²PARC platform.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiba Ben Aribi
- Faculty of Sciences of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar (UTM), Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Mengyuan Ding
- Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Anmol Kiran
- Clinical Research Program, Malawi-Liverpool Wellcome Trust, Blantyre, Malawi.,Institute of Infection, Veterinary, and Ecological Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
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43
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Manian M, Sohrabi E, Eskandari N, Assarehzadegan MA, Ferns GA, Nourbakhsh M, Jazayeri MH, Nedaeinia R. An Integrated Bioinformatics Analysis of the Potential Regulatory Effects of miR-21 on T-cell Related Target Genes in Multiple Sclerosis. Avicenna J Med Biotechnol 2021; 13:149-165. [PMID: 34484645 PMCID: PMC8377402 DOI: 10.18502/ajmb.v13i3.6364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2020] [Accepted: 01/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Overexpression of miR-21 is a characteristic feature of patients with Multiple Sclerosis (MS) and is involved in gene regulation and the expression enhancement of pro-inflammatory factors including IFNγ and TNF-α following stimulation of T-cells via the T Cell Receptor (TCR). In this study, a novel integrated bioinformatics analysis was used to obtain a better understanding of the involvement of miR-21 in the development of MS, its protein biomarker signatures, RNA levels, and drug interactions through existing microarray and RNA-seq datasets of MS. Methods: In order to obtain data on the Differentially Expressed Genes (DEGs) in patients with MS and normal controls, the GEO2R web tool was used to analyze the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) datasets, and then Protein-Protein Interaction (PPI) networks of co-expressed DEGs were designed using STRING. A molecular network of miRNA-genes and drugs based on differentially expressed genes was created for T-cells of MS patients to identify the targets of miR-21, that may act as important regulators and potential biomarkers for early diagnosis, prognosis and, potential therapeutic targets for MS. Results: It found that seven genes (NRIP1, ARNT, KDM7A, S100A10, AK2, TGFβR2, and IL-6R) are regulated by drugs used in MS and miR-21. Finally, three overlapping genes (S100A10, NRIP1, KDM7A) were identified between miRNA-gene-drug network and nineteen genes as hub genes which can reflect the pathophysiology of MS. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that miR-21 and MS-related drugs can act synergistically to regulate several genes in the existing datasets, and miR-21 inhibitors have the potential to be used in MS treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mostafa Manian
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ehsan Sohrabi
- Department of Medical Genetics and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nahid Eskandari
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mohammad-Ali Assarehzadegan
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Immunology Research Center, Institute of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Gordon A Ferns
- Brighton and Sussex Medical School, Division of Medical Education, Falmer, Brighton BN1 9PH, Sussex, UK
| | - Mitra Nourbakhsh
- Department of Biochemistry and Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mir Hadi Jazayeri
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Immunology Research Center, Institute of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reza Nedaeinia
- Pediatric Inherited Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Primordial Prevention of Non-Communicable Disease, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
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44
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Manuel AM, Dai Y, Freeman LA, Jia P, Zhao Z. An integrative study of genetic variants with brain tissue expression identifies viral etiology and potential drug targets of multiple sclerosis. Mol Cell Neurosci 2021; 115:103656. [PMID: 34284104 PMCID: PMC8802913 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcn.2021.103656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Revised: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a neuroinflammatory disorder leading to chronic disability. Brain lesions in MS commonly arise in normal-appearing white matter (NAWM). Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified genetic variants associated with MS. Transcriptome alterations have been observed in case-control studies of NAWM. We developed a Cross-Dataset Evaluation (CDE) function for our network-based tool, Edge-Weighted Dense Module Search of GWAS (EW_dmGWAS). We applied CDE to integrate publicly available MS GWAS summary statistics of 41,505 cases and controls with collectively 38 NAWM expression samples, using the human protein interactome as the reference network, to investigate biological underpinnings of MS etiology. We validated the resulting modules with colocalization of GWAS and expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL) signals, using GTEx Consortium expression data for MS-relevant tissues: 14 brain tissues and 4 immune-related tissues. Other network assessments included a drug target query and functional gene set enrichment analysis. CDE prioritized a MS NAWM network containing 55 unique genes. The gene list was enriched (p-value = 2.34 × 10-7) with GWAS-eQTL colocalized genes: CDK4, IFITM3, MAPK1, MAPK3, METTL12B and PIK3R2. The resultant network also included drug signatures of FDA-approved medications. Gene set enrichment analysis revealed the top functional term "intracellular transport of virus", among other viral pathways. We prioritize critical genes from the resultant network: CDK4, IFITM3, MAPK1, MAPK3, METTL12B and PIK3R2. Enriched drug signatures suggest potential drug targets and drug repositioning strategies for MS. Finally, we propose mechanisms of potential MS viral onset, based on prioritized gene set and functional enrichment analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Astrid M Manuel
- Center for Precision Health, School of Biomedical Informatics, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
| | - Yulin Dai
- Center for Precision Health, School of Biomedical Informatics, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
| | - Leorah A Freeman
- Department of Neurology, Dell Medical School, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA.
| | - Peilin Jia
- Center for Precision Health, School of Biomedical Informatics, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
| | - Zhongming Zhao
- Center for Precision Health, School of Biomedical Informatics, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Human Genetics Center, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Biomedical Informatics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37203, USA.
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45
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Absinta M, Maric D, Gharagozloo M, Garton T, Smith MD, Jin J, Fitzgerald KC, Song A, Liu P, Lin JP, Wu T, Johnson KR, McGavern DB, Schafer DP, Calabresi PA, Reich DS. A lymphocyte-microglia-astrocyte axis in chronic active multiple sclerosis. Nature 2021; 597:709-714. [PMID: 34497421 PMCID: PMC8719282 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-021-03892-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 327] [Impact Index Per Article: 109.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) lesions that do not resolve in the months after they form harbour ongoing demyelination and axon degeneration, and are identifiable in vivo by their paramagnetic rims on MRI scans1-3. Here, to define mechanisms underlying this disabling, progressive neurodegenerative state4-6 and foster development of new therapeutic agents, we used MRI-informed single-nucleus RNA sequencing to profile the edge of demyelinated white matter lesions at various stages of inflammation. We uncovered notable glial and immune cell diversity, especially at the chronically inflamed lesion edge. We define 'microglia inflamed in MS' (MIMS) and 'astrocytes inflamed in MS', glial phenotypes that demonstrate neurodegenerative programming. The MIMS transcriptional profile overlaps with that of microglia in other neurodegenerative diseases, suggesting that primary and secondary neurodegeneration share common mechanisms and could benefit from similar therapeutic approaches. We identify complement component 1q (C1q) as a critical mediator of MIMS activation, validated immunohistochemically in MS tissue, genetically by microglia-specific C1q ablation in mice with experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis, and therapeutically by treating chronic experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis with C1q blockade. C1q inhibition is a potential therapeutic avenue to address chronic white matter inflammation, which could be monitored by longitudinal assessment of its dynamic biomarker, paramagnetic rim lesions, using advanced MRI methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Absinta
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
- Translational Neuroradiology Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
- IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital and Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy.
| | - Dragan Maric
- Flow and Imaging Cytometry Core Facility, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Marjan Gharagozloo
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Thomas Garton
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Matthew D Smith
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Jing Jin
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Kathryn C Fitzgerald
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Anya Song
- Department of Neurobiology and the Brudnik Neuropsychiatry Institute, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Poching Liu
- DNA Sequencing and Genomics Core, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Jing-Ping Lin
- Translational Neuroradiology Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Tianxia Wu
- Clinical Trials Unit, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Kory R Johnson
- Bioinformatics Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Dorian B McGavern
- Viral Immunology and Intravital Imaging Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Dorothy P Schafer
- Department of Neurobiology and the Brudnik Neuropsychiatry Institute, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Peter A Calabresi
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Daniel S Reich
- Translational Neuroradiology Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
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46
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Ivanova M, Voronkova A, Sukhorukov V, Zakharova M. Different neuroinflammatory gene expression profiles in highly active and benign multiple sclerosis. J Neuroimmunol 2021; 358:577650. [PMID: 34274720 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2021.577650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Revised: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 06/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we aimed to explore the expression of genes associated with neuroinflammation in patients with benign and highly active multiple sclerosis (MS) and healthy controls, to define gene signatures associated with MS as well as disease activity and progression. We identified differences in the expression of 89 genes in benign and highly active MS patients and in healthy controls (q < 0.05). Twenty-eight genes related to myeloid cells function, the innate immune response, apoptosis, and autophagy were differentially expressed in patients with benign and highly active MS. Time to second relapse and expanded disability status scale (EDSS) scores were correlated with the expression of genes associated with myeloid cells function, innate immunity, and apoptosis. Our results could indicate the importance of innate immunity-associated pathways in maintaining high disease activity in MS and their crucial role in disease progression.
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47
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Hsiao CC, Sankowski R, Prinz M, Smolders J, Huitinga I, Hamann J. GPCRomics of Homeostatic and Disease-Associated Human Microglia. Front Immunol 2021; 12:674189. [PMID: 34054860 PMCID: PMC8160299 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.674189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2021] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are critical sensors affecting the state of eukaryotic cells. To get systematic insight into the GPCRome of microglia, we analyzed publicly available RNA-sequencing data of bulk and single cells obtained from human and mouse brains. We identified 17 rhodopsin and adhesion family GPCRs robustly expressed in microglia from human brains, including the homeostasis-associated genes CX3CR1, GPR34, GPR183, P2RY12, P2RY13, and ADGRG1. Expression of these microglial core genes was lost upon culture of isolated cells ex vivo but could be acquired by human induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived microglial precursors transplanted into mouse brains. CXCR4 and PTGER4 were higher expressed in subcortical white matter compared to cortical grey matter microglia, and ADGRG1 was downregulated in microglia obtained from normal-appearing white and grey matter tissue of multiple sclerosis (MS) brains. Single-cell RNA sequencing of microglia from active lesions, obtained early during MS, revealed downregulation of homeostasis-associated GPCR genes and upregulation of CXCR4 expression in a small subset of MS-associated lesional microglia. Functional presence of low levels of CXCR4 on human microglia was confirmed using flow cytometry and transwell migration towards SDF-1. Microglia abundantly expressed the GPCR down-stream signaling mediator genes GNAI2 (αi2), GNAS (αs), and GNA13 (α13), the latter particularly in white matter. Drugs against several microglia GPCRs are available to target microglia in brain diseases. In conclusion, transcriptome profiling allowed us to identify expression of GPCRs that may contribute to brain (patho)physiology and have diagnostic and therapeutic potential in human microglia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Chih Hsiao
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Amsterdam institute for Infection and Immunity, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, Netherlands.,Neuroimmunology Research Group, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Roman Sankowski
- Institute of Neuropathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Marco Prinz
- Institute of Neuropathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,Signalling Research Centres BIOSS and CIBSS, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,Center for Basics in NeuroModulation (NeuroModulBasics), Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Joost Smolders
- Neuroimmunology Research Group, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Amsterdam, Netherlands.,MS Center ErasMS, Departments of Neurology and Immunology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Inge Huitinga
- Neuroimmunology Research Group, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Amsterdam, Netherlands.,Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, Center for Neuroscience, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Jörg Hamann
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Amsterdam institute for Infection and Immunity, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, Netherlands.,Neuroimmunology Research Group, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Amsterdam, Netherlands
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48
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Woo MS, Ufer F, Rothammer N, Di Liberto G, Binkle L, Haferkamp U, Sonner JK, Engler JB, Hornig S, Bauer S, Wagner I, Egervari K, Raber J, Duvoisin RM, Pless O, Merkler D, Friese MA. Neuronal metabotropic glutamate receptor 8 protects against neurodegeneration in CNS inflammation. J Exp Med 2021; 218:e20201290. [PMID: 33661276 PMCID: PMC7938362 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20201290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2020] [Revised: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory disease of the central nervous system with continuous neuronal loss. Treatment of clinical progression remains challenging due to lack of insights into inflammation-induced neurodegenerative pathways. Here, we show that an imbalance in the neuronal receptor interactome is driving glutamate excitotoxicity in neurons of MS patients and identify the MS risk-associated metabotropic glutamate receptor 8 (GRM8) as a decisive modulator. Mechanistically, GRM8 activation counteracted neuronal cAMP accumulation, thereby directly desensitizing the inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor (IP3R). This profoundly limited glutamate-induced calcium release from the endoplasmic reticulum and subsequent cell death. Notably, we found Grm8-deficient neurons to be more prone to glutamate excitotoxicity, whereas pharmacological activation of GRM8 augmented neuroprotection in mouse and human neurons as well as in a preclinical mouse model of MS. Thus, we demonstrate that GRM8 conveys neuronal resilience to CNS inflammation and is a promising neuroprotective target with broad therapeutic implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcel S. Woo
- Institut für Neuroimmunologie und Multiple Sklerose, Zentrum für Molekulare Neurobiologie Hamburg, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Friederike Ufer
- Institut für Neuroimmunologie und Multiple Sklerose, Zentrum für Molekulare Neurobiologie Hamburg, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Nicola Rothammer
- Institut für Neuroimmunologie und Multiple Sklerose, Zentrum für Molekulare Neurobiologie Hamburg, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Giovanni Di Liberto
- Division of Clinical Pathology, Department of Pathology and Immunology, Geneva Faculty of Medicine, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Lars Binkle
- Institut für Neuroimmunologie und Multiple Sklerose, Zentrum für Molekulare Neurobiologie Hamburg, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Undine Haferkamp
- Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jana K. Sonner
- Institut für Neuroimmunologie und Multiple Sklerose, Zentrum für Molekulare Neurobiologie Hamburg, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jan Broder Engler
- Institut für Neuroimmunologie und Multiple Sklerose, Zentrum für Molekulare Neurobiologie Hamburg, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Sönke Hornig
- Experimentelle Neuropädiatrie, Klinik für Kinder und Jugendmedizin, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Simone Bauer
- Institut für Neuroimmunologie und Multiple Sklerose, Zentrum für Molekulare Neurobiologie Hamburg, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ingrid Wagner
- Division of Clinical Pathology, Department of Pathology and Immunology, Geneva Faculty of Medicine, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Kristof Egervari
- Division of Clinical Pathology, Department of Pathology and Immunology, Geneva Faculty of Medicine, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Jacob Raber
- Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR
- Department of Neurology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR
- Department of Radiation Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR
- Division of Neuroscience, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR
| | - Robert M. Duvoisin
- Department of Chemical Physiology and Biochemistry, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR
| | - Ole Pless
- Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Doron Merkler
- Division of Clinical Pathology, Department of Pathology and Immunology, Geneva Faculty of Medicine, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Manuel A. Friese
- Institut für Neuroimmunologie und Multiple Sklerose, Zentrum für Molekulare Neurobiologie Hamburg, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
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49
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ANO7: Insights into topology, function, and potential applications as a biomarker and immunotherapy target. Tissue Cell 2021; 72:101546. [PMID: 33940566 DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2021.101546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2020] [Revised: 03/21/2021] [Accepted: 04/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Anoctamin 7 (ANO7) is a member of the transmembrane protein TMEM16 family. It has a conservative topology similar to other members in this family, such as the typical eight-transmembrane domain, but it also has unique features. Although the ion channel role of ANO7 has been well accepted, evolutionary analyses and relevant studies suggest that ANO7 may be a multi-facet protein in function. Studies have shown that ANO7 may also function as a scramblase. ANO7 is highly expressed in prostate cancer as well as normal prostate tissues. A considerable amount of evidence has confirmed that ANO7 is associated with human physiology and pathology, particularly with the development of prostate cancer, which makes ANO7 a good candidate as a diagnostic and prognostic biomarker. In addition, ANO7 may be a potential target for prostate cancer immunotherapy. Antibody-based or T cell-mediated immunotherapies against prostate cancer by targeting ANO7 have been highly anticipated. ANO7 may also correlate with several other types of cancers or diseases, where further studies are warranted.
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50
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van Eijk M, Aerts JMFG. The Unique Phenotype of Lipid-Laden Macrophages. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22084039. [PMID: 33919858 PMCID: PMC8070766 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22084039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Revised: 04/10/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Macrophages are key multi-talented cells of the innate immune system and are equipped with receptors involved in damage and pathogen recognition with connected immune response guiding signaling systems. In addition, macrophages have various systems that are involved in the uptake of extracellular and intracellular cargo. The lysosomes in macrophages play a central role in the digestion of all sorts of macromolecules and the entry of nutrients to the cytosol, and, thus, the regulation of endocytic processes and autophagy. Simplistically viewed, two macrophage phenotype extremes exist. On one end of the spectrum, the classically activated pro-inflammatory M1 cells are present, and, on the other end, alternatively activated anti-inflammatory M2 cells. A unique macrophage population arises when lipid accumulation occurs, either caused by flaws in the catabolic machinery, which is observed in lysosomal storage disorders, or as a result of an acquired condition, which is found in multiple sclerosis, obesity, and cardiovascular disease. The accompanying overload causes a unique metabolic activation phenotype, which is discussed here, and, consequently, a unifying phenotype is proposed.
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