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Ogire E, Perrin-Cocon L, Figl M, Kundlacz C, Jacquemin C, Hubert S, Aublin-Gex A, Toesca J, Ramière C, Vidalain PO, Mathieu C, Lotteau V, Diaz O. Dengue Virus dependence on glucokinase activity and glycolysis Confers Sensitivity to NAD(H) biosynthesis inhibitors. Antiviral Res 2024; 228:105939. [PMID: 38909960 DOI: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2024.105939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Revised: 05/20/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024]
Abstract
Viruses have developed sophisticated strategies to control metabolic activity of infected cells in order to supply replication machinery with energy and metabolites. Dengue virus (DENV), a mosquito-borne flavivirus responsible for dengue fever, is no exception. Previous reports have documented DENV interactions with metabolic pathways and shown in particular that glycolysis is increased in DENV-infected cells. However, underlying molecular mechanisms are still poorly characterized and dependence of DENV on this pathway has not been investigated in details yet. Here, we identified an interaction between the non-structural protein 3 (NS3) of DENV and glucokinase regulator protein (GCKR), a host protein that inhibits the liver-specific hexokinase GCK. NS3 expression was found to increase glucose consumption and lactate secretion in hepatic cell line expressing GCK. Interestingly, we observed that GCKR interaction with GCK decreases DENV replication, indicating the dependence of DENV to GCK activity and supporting the role of NS3 as an inhibitor of GCKR function. Accordingly, in the same cells, DENV replication both induces and depends on glycolysis. By targeting NAD(H) biosynthesis with the antimetabolite 6-Amino-Nicotinamide (6-AN), we decreased cellular glycolytic activity and inhibited DENV replication in hepatic cells. Infection of primary organotypic liver cultures (OLiC) from hamsters was also inhibited by 6-AN. Altogether, our results show that DENV has evolved strategies to control glycolysis in the liver, which could account for hepatic dysfunctions associated to infection. Besides, our findings suggest that lowering intracellular availability of NAD(H) could be a valuable therapeutic strategy to control glycolysis and inhibit DENV replication in the liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Ogire
- CIRI, Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, NeuroInvasion TROpism and VIRal Encephalitis Team, Univ Lyon, Inserm, U1111, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, UMR5308, ENS de Lyon, 21 Avenue Tony Garnier, F-69007, Lyon, France
| | - Laure Perrin-Cocon
- CIRI, Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, VIRal Infection Metabolism and Immunity Team, Univ Lyon, Inserm, U1111, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, UMR5308, ENS de Lyon, 21 Avenue Tony Garnier, F-69007, Lyon, France
| | - Marianne Figl
- CIRI, Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, VIRal Infection Metabolism and Immunity Team, Univ Lyon, Inserm, U1111, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, UMR5308, ENS de Lyon, 21 Avenue Tony Garnier, F-69007, Lyon, France
| | - Cindy Kundlacz
- CIRI, Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, VIRal Infection Metabolism and Immunity Team, Univ Lyon, Inserm, U1111, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, UMR5308, ENS de Lyon, 21 Avenue Tony Garnier, F-69007, Lyon, France
| | - Clémence Jacquemin
- CIRI, Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, VIRal Infection Metabolism and Immunity Team, Univ Lyon, Inserm, U1111, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, UMR5308, ENS de Lyon, 21 Avenue Tony Garnier, F-69007, Lyon, France
| | - Sophie Hubert
- CIRI, Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, VIRal Infection Metabolism and Immunity Team, Univ Lyon, Inserm, U1111, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, UMR5308, ENS de Lyon, 21 Avenue Tony Garnier, F-69007, Lyon, France
| | - Anne Aublin-Gex
- CIRI, Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, VIRal Infection Metabolism and Immunity Team, Univ Lyon, Inserm, U1111, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, UMR5308, ENS de Lyon, 21 Avenue Tony Garnier, F-69007, Lyon, France
| | - Johan Toesca
- CIRI, Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, VIRal Infection Metabolism and Immunity Team, Univ Lyon, Inserm, U1111, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, UMR5308, ENS de Lyon, 21 Avenue Tony Garnier, F-69007, Lyon, France
| | - Christophe Ramière
- CIRI, Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, VIRal Infection Metabolism and Immunity Team, Univ Lyon, Inserm, U1111, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, UMR5308, ENS de Lyon, 21 Avenue Tony Garnier, F-69007, Lyon, France; Laboratoire de Virologie, Hôpital de la Croix-Rousse, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Pierre-Olivier Vidalain
- CIRI, Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, VIRal Infection Metabolism and Immunity Team, Univ Lyon, Inserm, U1111, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, UMR5308, ENS de Lyon, 21 Avenue Tony Garnier, F-69007, Lyon, France
| | - Cyrille Mathieu
- CIRI, Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, NeuroInvasion TROpism and VIRal Encephalitis Team, Univ Lyon, Inserm, U1111, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, UMR5308, ENS de Lyon, 21 Avenue Tony Garnier, F-69007, Lyon, France
| | - Vincent Lotteau
- CIRI, Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, VIRal Infection Metabolism and Immunity Team, Univ Lyon, Inserm, U1111, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, UMR5308, ENS de Lyon, 21 Avenue Tony Garnier, F-69007, Lyon, France; Laboratoire P4-Jean Mérieux, INSERM, Lyon, France
| | - Olivier Diaz
- CIRI, Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, VIRal Infection Metabolism and Immunity Team, Univ Lyon, Inserm, U1111, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, UMR5308, ENS de Lyon, 21 Avenue Tony Garnier, F-69007, Lyon, France.
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2
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Yang X, Tian S, Min Z, Garbarino E, Ma J, Jia J, Tang H, Li L. AMPK restricts HHV-6A replication by inhibiting glycolysis and mTOR signaling. Virology 2024; 595:110080. [PMID: 38631099 DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2024.110080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Revised: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is a cellular energy sensor regulating metabolic homeostasis. In this study, we investigated the role of AMPK in response to human herpesvirus 6A (HHV-6A) infection. We show that HHV-6A infection significantly downregulates the active phosphorylated state of AMPK in infected T cells. Pharmacological activation of AMPK highly attenuated HHV-6A propagation. Mechanistically, we found that the activation of AMPK by AICAR blocked HHV-6-induced glycolysis by inhibiting glucose metabolism and lactate secretion, as well as decreasing expressions of key glucose transporters and glycolytic enzymes. In addition, mTOR signaling has been inactivated in HHV-6A infected T cells by AICAR treatment. We also showed that HHV-6A infection of human umbilical cord blood mononuclear cells (CBMCs) reduced AMPK activity whereas the activation of AMPK by metformin drastically reduced HHV-6A DNA replication and virions production. Taken together, this study demonstrates that AMPK is a promising antiviral therapeutic target against HHV-6A infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaodi Yang
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Siyu Tian
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Zhujiang Min
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Emanuela Garbarino
- Department of Immunology, National Vaccine Innovation Platform, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Jingjing Ma
- Department of Immunology, National Vaccine Innovation Platform, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Junli Jia
- Department of Immunology, National Vaccine Innovation Platform, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Huamin Tang
- Department of Immunology, National Vaccine Innovation Platform, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China; The Laboratory Center for Basic Medical Sciences, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China.
| | - Lingyun Li
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China.
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3
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Bouzari B, Chugaeva UY, Karampoor S, Mirzaei R. Immunometabolites in viral infections: Action mechanism and function. J Med Virol 2024; 96:e29807. [PMID: 39037069 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.29807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Revised: 05/10/2024] [Accepted: 07/05/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024]
Abstract
The interplay between viral pathogens and host metabolism plays a pivotal role in determining the outcome of viral infections. Upon viral detection, the metabolic landscape of the host cell undergoes significant changes, shifting from oxidative respiration via the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle to increased aerobic glycolysis. This metabolic shift is accompanied by elevated nutrient accessibility, which is vital for cell function, development, and proliferation. Furthermore, depositing metabolites derived from fatty acids, TCA intermediates, and amino acid catabolism accelerates the immunometabolic transition, facilitating pro-inflammatory and antimicrobial responses. Immunometabolites refer to small molecules involved in cellular metabolism regulating the immune response. These molecules include nutrients, such as glucose and amino acids, along with metabolic intermediates and signaling molecules adenosine, lactate, itaconate, succinate, kynurenine, and prostaglandins. Emerging evidence suggests that immunometabolites released by immune cells establish a complex interaction network within local niches, orchestrating and fine-tuning immune responses during viral diseases. However, our current understanding of the immense capacity of metabolites to convey essential cell signals from one cell to another or within cellular compartments remains incomplete. Unraveling these complexities would be crucial for harnessing the potential of immunometabolites in therapeutic interventions. In this review, we discuss specific immunometabolites and their mechanisms of action in viral infections, emphasizing recent findings and future directions in this rapidly evolving field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Behnaz Bouzari
- Department of Pathology, Firouzgar Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Uliana Y Chugaeva
- Department of Pediatric, Preventive Dentistry and Orthodontics, Institute of Dentistry, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia
| | - Sajad Karampoor
- Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Rasoul Mirzaei
- Venom and Biotherapeutics Molecules Lab, Medical Biotechnology Department, Biotechnology Research Center, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
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Wang P, Harrison A, Yang D, Cahoon J, Geng T, Cao Z, Karginov T, Chiari C, Li X, Qyang Y, Vella A, Fan Z, Vanaja SK, Rathinam V, Witczak C, Bogan J. UBXN9 governs GLUT4-mediated spatial confinement of RIG-I-like receptors and signaling. RESEARCH SQUARE 2024:rs.3.rs-3373803. [PMID: 38883790 PMCID: PMC11177981 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-3373803/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2024]
Abstract
The cytoplasmic RIG-I-like receptors (RLRs) recognize viral RNA and initiate innate antiviral immunity. RLR signaling also triggers glycolytic reprogramming through glucose transporters (GLUTs), whose role in antiviral immunity is elusive. Here, we unveil that insulin-responsive GLUT4 inhibits RLR signaling independently of glucose uptake in adipose and muscle tissues. At steady state, GLUT4 is docked at the Golgi matrix by ubiquitin regulatory X domain 9 (UBXN9, TUG). Following RNA virus infection, GLUT4 is released and translocated to the cell surface where it spatially segregates a significant pool of cytosolic RLRs, preventing them from activating IFN-β responses. UBXN9 deletion prompts constitutive GLUT4 trafficking, sequestration of RLRs, and attenuation of antiviral immunity, whereas GLUT4 deletion heightens RLR signaling. Notably, reduced GLUT4 expression is uniquely associated with human inflammatory myopathies characterized by hyperactive interferon responses. Overall, our results demonstrate a noncanonical UBXN9-GLUT4 axis that controls antiviral immunity via plasma membrane tethering of cytosolic RLRs.
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Yang X, Liu P, Yu H, Ling M, Ma M, Wang Q, Tang X, Shen Z, Zhang Y. Comparative analysis of the intestinal flora of BmNPV-resistant and BmNPV-sensitive silkworm varieties. Microb Pathog 2024; 191:106649. [PMID: 38636568 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2024.106649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Revised: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
Bombyx mori nucleopolyhedrovirus (BmNPV) is a very common and infectious virus that affects silkworms and hinders silk production. To investigate the intestinal flora of BmNPV-resistant and BmNPV-sensitive silkworm varieties, 16 S rDNA high-throughput sequencing was performed. The results of the cluster analysis showed that the intestinal flora of the resistant silkworm variety was more abundant than that of the sensitive silkworm variety. This was found even when infection with BmNPV caused a sharp decline in the number of intestinal floral species in both resistant and sensitive silkworm varieties. The abundances of the intestinal flora, including Aureimonas, Ileibacterium, Peptostreptococcus, Pseudomonas, Enterococcus, and Halomonas, in the resistant variety were considerably greater after infection with BmNPV than those in the sensitive variety. After infection with BmNPV, four kinds of important intestinal bacteria, namely, f_Saccharimonadaceae, Peptostreptococcus, Aureirmonas, and f_Rhizobiaceae, were found in the resistant silkworm variety. In the sensitive silkworm variety, only Faecalibaculum was an important intestinal bacterium. The differential or important bacteria mentioned above might be involved in immunoreaction or antiviral activities, especially in the intestines of BmNPV-resistant silkworms. By conducting a functional enrichment analysis, we found that BmNPV infection did not change the abundance of important functional components of the intestinal flora in resistant or sensitive silkworm varieties. However, some functional factors, such as the biosynthesis, transport, and catabolism of secondary metabolites (e.g., terpenoids and polyketides) and lipid transport and metabolism, were more important in the resistant silkworm variety than in the sensitive variety; thus, these factors may increase the resistance of the host to BmNPV. To summarize, we found significant differences in the composition, abundance, and function of the intestinal flora between resistant and sensitive silkworm varieties, especially after infection with BmNPV, which might be closely related to the resistance of resistant silkworm varieties to BmNPV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Yang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Sericultural and Animal Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province, China.
| | - Pai Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Sericultural and Animal Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province, China.
| | - Haodong Yu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Sericultural and Animal Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province, China.
| | - Min Ling
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Sericultural and Animal Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province, China.
| | - Mingzhen Ma
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Sericultural and Animal Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province, China.
| | - Qiang Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Sericultural and Animal Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province, China; Key Laboratory of Silkworm and Mulberry Genetic Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Sericultural Scientific Research Center, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province, China.
| | - Xudong Tang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Sericultural and Animal Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province, China; Key Laboratory of Silkworm and Mulberry Genetic Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Sericultural Scientific Research Center, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province, China.
| | - Zhongyuan Shen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Sericultural and Animal Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province, China; Key Laboratory of Silkworm and Mulberry Genetic Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Sericultural Scientific Research Center, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province, China.
| | - Yiling Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Sericultural and Animal Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province, China; Key Laboratory of Silkworm and Mulberry Genetic Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Sericultural Scientific Research Center, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province, China.
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Zhou Y, Xu C, Gu S, Xiao Y, Wu S, Wang H, Bao W. Integrated Metabolomic and transcriptomic analyses reveal deoxycholic acid promotes transmissible gastroenteritis virus infection by inhibiting phosphorylation of NF-κB and STAT3. BMC Genomics 2024; 25:239. [PMID: 38438836 PMCID: PMC10913532 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-024-10167-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acute diarrhea, dehydration and death in piglets are all symptoms of transmissible gastroenteritis virus (TGEV), which results in significant financial losses in the pig industry. It is important to understand the pathogenesis and identify new antiviral targets by revealing the metabolic interactions between TGEV and host cells. RESULTS We performed metabolomic and transcriptomic analyses of swine testicular cells infected with TGEV. A total of 1339 differential metabolites and 206 differentially expressed genes were detected post TEGV infection. The differentially expressed genes were significantly enriched in the HIF-1 signaling pathway and PI3K-Akt signaling. Integrated analysis of differentially expressed genes and differential metabolites indicated that they were significantly enriched in the metabolic processes such as nucleotide metabolism, biosynthesis of cofactors and purine metabolism. In addition, the results showed that most of the detected metabolites involved in the bile secretion was downregulated during TGEV infection. Furthermore, exogenous addition of key metabolite deoxycholic acid (DCA) significantly enhanced TGEV replication by NF-κB and STAT3 signal pathways. CONCLUSIONS We identified a significant metabolite, DCA, related to TGEV replication. It added TGEV replication in host cells by inhibiting phosphorylation of NF-κB and STAT3. This study provided novel insights into the metabolomic and transcriptomic alterations related to TGEV infection and revealed potential molecular and metabolic targets for the regulation of TGEV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yajing Zhou
- Key Laboratory for Animal Genetics, Breeding, Reproduction and Molecular Design, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, 225009, Yangzhou, China
| | - Chao Xu
- Key Laboratory for Animal Genetics, Breeding, Reproduction and Molecular Design, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, 225009, Yangzhou, China
| | - Shanshen Gu
- Key Laboratory for Animal Genetics, Breeding, Reproduction and Molecular Design, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, 225009, Yangzhou, China
| | - Yeyi Xiao
- Key Laboratory for Animal Genetics, Breeding, Reproduction and Molecular Design, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, 225009, Yangzhou, China
| | - Shenglong Wu
- Key Laboratory for Animal Genetics, Breeding, Reproduction and Molecular Design, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, 225009, Yangzhou, China
| | - Haifei Wang
- Key Laboratory for Animal Genetics, Breeding, Reproduction and Molecular Design, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, 225009, Yangzhou, China.
| | - Wenbin Bao
- Key Laboratory for Animal Genetics, Breeding, Reproduction and Molecular Design, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, 225009, Yangzhou, China.
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, The Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, 225009, Yangzhou, China.
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Nouwen LV, Breeuwsma M, Zaal EA, van de Lest CHA, Buitendijk I, Zwaagstra M, Balić P, Filippov DV, Berkers CR, van Kuppeveld FJM. Modulation of nucleotide metabolism by picornaviruses. PLoS Pathog 2024; 20:e1012036. [PMID: 38457376 PMCID: PMC10923435 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1012036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Viruses actively reprogram the metabolism of the host to ensure the availability of sufficient building blocks for virus replication and spreading. However, relatively little is known about how picornaviruses-a large family of small, non-enveloped positive-strand RNA viruses-modulate cellular metabolism for their own benefit. Here, we studied the modulation of host metabolism by coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3), a member of the enterovirus genus, and encephalomyocarditis virus (EMCV), a member of the cardiovirus genus, using steady-state as well as 13C-glucose tracing metabolomics. We demonstrate that both CVB3 and EMCV increase the levels of pyrimidine and purine metabolites and provide evidence that this increase is mediated through degradation of nucleic acids and nucleotide recycling, rather than upregulation of de novo synthesis. Finally, by integrating our metabolomics data with a previously acquired phosphoproteomics dataset of CVB3-infected cells, we identify alterations in phosphorylation status of key enzymes involved in nucleotide metabolism, providing insight into the regulation of nucleotide metabolism during infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lonneke V. Nouwen
- Section of Virology, Division of Infectious Diseases & Immunology, Department of Biomolecular Health Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Martijn Breeuwsma
- Section of Virology, Division of Infectious Diseases & Immunology, Department of Biomolecular Health Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Esther A. Zaal
- Division Cell Biology, Metabolism & Cancer, Department of Biomolecular Health Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Chris H. A. van de Lest
- Division Cell Biology, Metabolism & Cancer, Department of Biomolecular Health Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Inge Buitendijk
- Section of Virology, Division of Infectious Diseases & Immunology, Department of Biomolecular Health Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Marleen Zwaagstra
- Section of Virology, Division of Infectious Diseases & Immunology, Department of Biomolecular Health Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Pascal Balić
- Gorlaeus Laboratories, Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Universiteit Leiden, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Dmitri V. Filippov
- Gorlaeus Laboratories, Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Universiteit Leiden, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Celia R. Berkers
- Division Cell Biology, Metabolism & Cancer, Department of Biomolecular Health Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Frank J. M. van Kuppeveld
- Section of Virology, Division of Infectious Diseases & Immunology, Department of Biomolecular Health Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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Fert A, Richard J, Marchand LR, Planas D, Routy JP, Chomont N, Finzi A, Ancuta P. Metformin Enhances Antibody-Mediated Recognition of HIV-Infected CD4 + T-Cells by Decreasing Viral Release. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.02.15.580166. [PMID: 38464135 PMCID: PMC10925111 DOI: 10.1101/2024.02.15.580166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
The mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) positively regulates multiple steps of the HIV-1 replication cycle. We previously reported that a 12-weeks supplementation of antiretroviral therapy (ART) with metformin, an indirect mTOR inhibitor used in type-2 diabetes treatment, reduced mTOR activation and HIV transcription in colon-infiltrating CD4+ T-cells, together with systemic inflammation in nondiabetic people with HIV-1 (PWH). Herein, we investigated the antiviral mechanisms of metformin. In a viral outgrowth assay performed with CD4+ T-cells from ART-treated PWH, and upon infection in vitro with replication-competent and VSV-G-pseudotyped HIV-1, metformin decreased virion release, but increased the frequency of productively infected CD4lowHIV-p24+ T-cells. These observations coincided with increased BST2/Tetherin (HIV release inhibitor) and Bcl-2 (pro-survival factor) expression, and improved recognition of productively infected T-cells by HIV-1 Envelope antibodies. Thus, metformin exerts pleiotropic effects on post-transcription/translation steps of the HIV-1 replication cycle and may be used to accelerate viral reservoir decay in ART-treated PWH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Augustine Fert
- Centre de recherche du Centre hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, H2X 0A9, Canada
- Département de microbiologie, infectiologie et immunologie, Faculté de médecine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Jonathan Richard
- Centre de recherche du Centre hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, H2X 0A9, Canada
- Département de microbiologie, infectiologie et immunologie, Faculté de médecine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Laurence Raymond Marchand
- Centre de recherche du Centre hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, H2X 0A9, Canada
| | - Delphine Planas
- Centre de recherche du Centre hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, H2X 0A9, Canada
- Département de microbiologie, infectiologie et immunologie, Faculté de médecine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Jean-Pierre Routy
- Infectious Diseases and Immunity in Global Health Program, Research Institute, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Chronic Viral Illness Service, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Division of Hematology, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Nicolas Chomont
- Centre de recherche du Centre hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, H2X 0A9, Canada
- Département de microbiologie, infectiologie et immunologie, Faculté de médecine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Andrés Finzi
- Centre de recherche du Centre hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, H2X 0A9, Canada
- Département de microbiologie, infectiologie et immunologie, Faculté de médecine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Petronela Ancuta
- Centre de recherche du Centre hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, H2X 0A9, Canada
- Département de microbiologie, infectiologie et immunologie, Faculté de médecine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, H3C 3J7, Canada
- Lead Contact
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Moshawih S, Jarrar Q, Bahrin AA, Lim AF, Ming L, Goh HP. Evaluating NSAIDs in SARS-CoV-2: Immunomodulatory mechanisms and future therapeutic strategies. Heliyon 2024; 10:e25734. [PMID: 38356603 PMCID: PMC10864964 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e25734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Revised: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are widely recognized for their analgesic and anti-inflammatory properties. Amidst the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, the role of NSAIDs in modulating viral and bacterial infections has become a critical area of research, sparking debates and necessitating a thorough review. This review examines the multifaceted interactions between NSAIDs, immune responses, and infections. Focusing on the immunomodulatory mechanisms of NSAIDs in SARS-CoV-2 and their implications for other viral and bacterial infections, we aim to provide clarity and direction for future therapeutic strategies. NSAIDs demonstrate a dual role in infectious diseases. They reduce inflammation by decreasing neutrophil recruitment and cytokine release, yet potentially compromise antiviral defense mechanisms. They also modulate cytokine storms in SARS-CoV-2 and exhibit the potential to enhance anti-tumor immunity by inhibiting tumor-induced COX-2/PGE2 signaling. Specific NSAIDs have shown efficacy in inhibiting viral replication. The review highlights NSAIDs' synergy with other medications, like COX inhibitors and immunotherapy agents, in augmenting therapeutic effects. Notably, the World Health Organization's analysis found no substantial link between NSAIDs and the worsening of viral respiratory infections. The findings underscore NSAIDs' complex role in infection management. Understanding these interactions is crucial for optimizing therapeutic approaches in current and future pandemics. However, their dual nature warrants cautious application, particularly in vulnerable populations. NSAIDs present a paradoxical impact on immune responses in viral and bacterial infections. While offering potential benefits, their usage in infectious diseases, especially SARS-CoV-2, demands a nuanced understanding to balance therapeutic advantages against possible adverse effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Said Moshawih
- PAP Rashidah Sa'adatul Bolkiah Institute of Health Sciences, Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Gadong, Brunei Darussalam
| | - Qais Jarrar
- Department of Applied Pharmaceutical Sciences and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Isra University, Amman, Jordan
| | - Abdul Alim Bahrin
- PAP Rashidah Sa'adatul Bolkiah Institute of Health Sciences, Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Gadong, Brunei Darussalam
| | - Ai Fern Lim
- PAP Rashidah Sa'adatul Bolkiah Institute of Health Sciences, Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Gadong, Brunei Darussalam
| | - Long Ming
- School of Medical and Life Sciences, Sunway University, Sunway City, 47500, Malaysia
| | - Hui Poh Goh
- PAP Rashidah Sa'adatul Bolkiah Institute of Health Sciences, Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Gadong, Brunei Darussalam
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10
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Wang Z, Liu N, Yang Y, Tu Z. The novel mechanism facilitating chronic hepatitis B infection: immunometabolism and epigenetic modification reprogramming. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1349867. [PMID: 38288308 PMCID: PMC10822934 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1349867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) infections pose a global public health challenge. Despite extensive research on this disease, the intricate mechanisms underlying persistent HBV infection require further in-depth elucidation. Recent studies have revealed the pivotal roles of immunometabolism and epigenetic reprogramming in chronic HBV infection. Immunometabolism have identified as the process, which link cell metabolic status with innate immunity functions in response to HBV infection, ultimately contributing to the immune system's inability to resolve Chronic Hepatitis B (CHB). Within hepatocytes, HBV replication leads to a stable viral covalently closed circular DNA (cccDNA) minichromosome located in the nucleus, and epigenetic modifications in cccDNA enable persistence of infection. Additionally, the accumulation or depletion of metabolites not only directly affects the function and homeostasis of immune cells but also serves as a substrate for regulating epigenetic modifications, subsequently influencing the expression of antiviral immune genes and facilitating the occurrence of sustained HBV infection. The interaction between immunometabolism and epigenetic modifications has led to a new research field, known as metabolic epigenomics, which may form a mutually reinforcing relationship with CHB. Herein, we review the recent studies on immunometabolism and epigenetic reprogramming in CHB infection and discuss the potential mechanisms of persistent HBV infection. A deeper understanding of these mechanisms will offer novel insights and targets for intervention strategies against chronic HBV infection, thereby providing new hope for the treatment of related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengmin Wang
- Department of Hepatology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Nan Liu
- Institute of Epigenetic Medicine, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Department of Hepatology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Zhengkun Tu
- Department of Hepatology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
- Institute of Liver Diseases, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
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11
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Li W, Wang X, Chen Y, Ding Y, Ling X, Yuan B, Tao J. Luteolin-7-O-glucoside promotes macrophage release of IFN-β by maintaining mitochondrial function and corrects the disorder of glucose metabolism during RSV infection. Eur J Pharmacol 2024; 963:176271. [PMID: 38113965 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2023.176271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Revised: 11/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) pneumonia is the main cause of acute bronchiolitis in infants. Luteolin-7-O-glucoside (LUT-7G) is a natural flavonoid, which exists in a variety of plants and has the potential to treat viral pneumonia. We established RSV pneumonia mouse models and RSV-infected cell models. Clodronate liposomes were used to deplete macrophages. We used HE staining and immunohistochemistry to determine inflammatory damage and virus replication. We detected the expression levels of inflammatory factors and IFN-β through qPCR and ELISA. JC-1 kit was used for detecting the cell mitochondrial Membrane potential (MMP). ROS, SOD, and MDA kits were used for detecting intracellular oxidative stress damage. Metabolites of TCA in lung tissue and serum of mice were detected by GC-MS. Pharmacodynamic studies have shown that intervention with LUT-7G can alleviate lung tissue damage caused by RSV infection, inhibit RSV replication, and downregulate TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 mRNA expression. LUT-7G upregulated the IFN-β content and the expression of IFN-β, ISG15, and OAS1 mRNA. In vitro, LUT-7G inhibited RSV-induced cell death, reversed the RSV-induced decrease of MMP and decreased intracellular oxidative stress. Target metabonomics showed that RSV infection upregulated the levels of glycolysis and TCA metabolites in lung tissue and serum, while LUT-7G could improve the disorder of glucose metabolism. The results indicate that LUT-7G can promote the release of IFN-β in the lung, alleviate inflammatory damage, and inhibit RSV replication during RSV infection. These effects may be achieved by protecting the mitochondrial function of alveolar macrophages and correcting the disorder of glucose metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weifeng Li
- Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Department of Paediatrics, Nanjing, 210023, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Paediatric Respiratory Disease, Institute of Paediatrics, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China.
| | - Xuan Wang
- Jiangsu Vocational College of Medicine, Yancheng, 224000, China; Key Laboratory of Acupuncture and Medicine Research of Ministry of Education, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China.
| | - Yanzhen Chen
- Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Oncology Department, Nanjing, 210023, China.
| | - Yali Ding
- Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Department of Paediatrics, Nanjing, 210023, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Paediatric Respiratory Disease, Institute of Paediatrics, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China.
| | - Xiaoyin Ling
- Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, 226000, China.
| | - Bin Yuan
- Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Department of Paediatrics, Nanjing, 210023, China.
| | - Jialei Tao
- Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Department of Paediatrics, Nanjing, 210023, China.
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12
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Bappy SS, Haque Asim MM, Ahasan MM, Ahsan A, Sultana S, Khanam R, Shibly AZ, Kabir Y. Virus-induced host cell metabolic alteration. Rev Med Virol 2024; 34:e2505. [PMID: 38282396 DOI: 10.1002/rmv.2505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Revised: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 12/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
Viruses change the host cell metabolism to produce infectious particles and create optimal conditions for replication and reproduction. Numerous host cell pathways have been modified to ensure available biomolecules and sufficient energy. Metabolomics studies conducted over the past decade have revealed that eukaryotic viruses alter the metabolism of their host cells on a large scale. Modifying pathways like glycolysis, fatty acid synthesis and glutaminolysis could provide potential energy for virus multiplication. Thus, almost every virus has a unique metabolic signature and a different relationship between the viral life cycle and the individual metabolic processes. There are enormous research in virus induced metabolic reprogramming of host cells that is being conducted through numerous approaches using different vaccine candidates and antiviral drug substances. This review provides an overview of viral interference to different metabolic pathways and improved monitoring in this area will open up new ways for more effective antiviral therapies and combating virus induced oncogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Asif Ahsan
- Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Mawlana Bhashani Science and Technology University, Tangail, Bangladesh
| | - Sorna Sultana
- Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Mawlana Bhashani Science and Technology University, Tangail, Bangladesh
| | - Roksana Khanam
- Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Mawlana Bhashani Science and Technology University, Tangail, Bangladesh
| | - Abu Zaffar Shibly
- Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Mawlana Bhashani Science and Technology University, Tangail, Bangladesh
| | - Yearul Kabir
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, Bangladesh
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13
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Wu J, Cai Y, Jiang N, Qian Y, Lyu R, You Q, Zhang F, Tao H, Zhu H, Nawaz W, Chen D, Wu Z. Pralatrexate inhibited the replication of varicella zoster virus and vesicular stomatitis virus: An old dog with new tricks. Antiviral Res 2024; 221:105787. [PMID: 38145756 DOI: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2023.105787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 12/27/2023]
Abstract
Varicella zoster virus (VZV) is associated with herpes zoster (HZ) or herpes zoster ophthalmicus (HZO). All antiviral agents currently licensed for the management of VZV replication via modulating different mechanisms, and the resistance is on the rise. There is a need to develop new antiviral agents with distinct mechanisms of action and adequate safety profiles. Pralatrexate (PDX) is a fourth-generation anti-folate agent with an inhibitory activity on folate (FA) metabolism and has been used as an anti-tumor drug. We observed that PDX possessed potent inhibitory activity against VZV infection. In this study, we reported the antiviral effects and the underlying mechanism of PDX against VZV infection. The results showed that PDX not only inhibited VZV replication in vitro and in mice corneal tissues but also reduced the inflammatory response and apoptosis induced by viral infection. Furthermore, PDX treatment showed a similar anti-VSV inhibitory effect in both in vitro and in vivo models. Mechanistically, PDX inhibited viral replication by interrupting the substrate supply for de novo purine and thymidine synthesis. In conclusion, this study discovered the potent antiviral activity of PDX with a novel mechanism and presented a new strategy for VZV treatment that targets a cellular metabolic mechanism essential for viral replication. The present study provided a new insight into the development of broad-spectrum antiviral agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wu
- Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yurong Cai
- School of Life Science, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Na Jiang
- Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yajie Qian
- Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ruining Lyu
- Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qiao You
- Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Fang Zhang
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Hongji Tao
- Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Haotian Zhu
- Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Waqas Nawaz
- Hȏpital Maisonneuve-Rosemont, School of Medicine, University of Montreal, Canada
| | - Deyan Chen
- Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Zhiwei Wu
- Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China; Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital, Affiliated Teaching Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Yangzhou, China; State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China; School of Life Science, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, China.
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14
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Chen HM, Liu JX, Liu D, Hao GF, Yang GF. Human-virus protein-protein interactions maps assist in revealing the pathogenesis of viral infection. Rev Med Virol 2024; 34:e2517. [PMID: 38282401 DOI: 10.1002/rmv.2517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
Many significant viral infections have been recorded in human history, which have caused enormous negative impacts worldwide. Human-virus protein-protein interactions (PPIs) mediate viral infection and immune processes in the host. The identification, quantification, localization, and construction of human-virus PPIs maps are critical prerequisites for understanding the biophysical basis of the viral invasion process and characterising the framework for all protein functions. With the technological revolution and the introduction of artificial intelligence, the human-virus PPIs maps have been expanded rapidly in the past decade and shed light on solving complicated biomedical problems. However, there is still a lack of prospective insight into the field. In this work, we comprehensively review and compare the effectiveness, potential, and limitations of diverse approaches for constructing large-scale PPIs maps in human-virus, including experimental methods based on biophysics and biochemistry, databases of human-virus PPIs, computational methods based on artificial intelligence, and tools for visualising PPIs maps. The work aims to provide a toolbox for researchers, hoping to better assist in deciphering the relationship between humans and viruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Min Chen
- National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jia-Xin Liu
- National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, China
| | - Di Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Special Pathogens and Biosafety, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Ge-Fei Hao
- National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, China
- National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Center for Research and Development of Fine Chemicals, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Guang-Fu Yang
- National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, China
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15
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Strnad M, Rudenko N, Rego RO. Pathogenicity and virulence of Borrelia burgdorferi. Virulence 2023; 14:2265015. [PMID: 37814488 PMCID: PMC10566445 DOI: 10.1080/21505594.2023.2265015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Infection with Borrelia burgdorferi often triggers pathophysiologic perturbations that are further augmented by the inflammatory responses of the host, resulting in the severe clinical conditions of Lyme disease. While our apprehension of the spatial and temporal integration of the virulence determinants during the enzootic cycle of B. burgdorferi is constantly being improved, there is still much to be discovered. Many of the novel virulence strategies discussed in this review are undetermined. Lyme disease spirochaetes must surmount numerous molecular and mechanical obstacles in order to establish a disseminated infection in a vertebrate host. These barriers include borrelial relocation from the midgut of the feeding tick to its body cavity and further to the salivary glands, deposition to the skin, haematogenous dissemination, extravasation from blood circulation system, evasion of the host immune responses, localization to protective niches, and establishment of local as well as distal infection in multiple tissues and organs. Here, the various well-defined but also possible novel strategies and virulence mechanisms used by B. burgdorferi to evade obstacles laid out by the tick vector and usually the mammalian host during colonization and infection are reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Strnad
- Biology Centre CAS, Institute of Parasitology, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
- Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, Branišovská, Czech Republic
| | - Natalie Rudenko
- Biology Centre CAS, Institute of Parasitology, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Ryan O.M. Rego
- Biology Centre CAS, Institute of Parasitology, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
- Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, Branišovská, Czech Republic
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16
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Zhang S, Cao Y, Xu C, Wang G, Huang Y, Bao W, Zhang S. Integrated metabolomics and transcriptomics analyses reveal metabolic responses to TGEV infection in porcine intestinal epithelial cells. J Gen Virol 2023; 104. [PMID: 38116760 DOI: 10.1099/jgv.0.001942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Transmissible gastroenteritis virus (TGEV) is a coronavirus that infects piglets with severe diarrhoea, vomiting, dehydration, and even death, causing huge economic losses to the pig industry. The underlying pathogenesis of TGEV infection and the effects of TGEV infection on host metabolites remain poorly understood. To investigate the critical metabolites and regulatory factors during TGEV infection in intestinal porcine epithelial cells (IPEC-J2), we performed metabolomic and transcriptomic analyses of TGEV-infected IPEC-J2 cells by LC/MS and RNA-seq techniques. A total of 87 differential metabolites and 489 differentially expressed genes were detected. A series of metabolites and candidate genes from glutathione metabolism and AMPK signalling pathway were examined through combined analysis of metabolome and transcriptome. We found glutathione peroxidase 3 (GPX3) is markedly reduced after TGEV infection, and a significant negative correlation between AMPK signalling pathway and TGEV infection. Exogenous addition of the AMPK activator COH-SR4 significantly downregulates stearoyl coenzyme A (SCD1) mRNA and inhibits TGEV replication; while exogenous GSK-690693 significantly promotes TGEV infection by inhibiting AMPK signalling pathway. In summary, our study provides insights into the key metabolites and regulators for TGEV infection from the metabolome and transcriptome perspective, which will offer promising antiviral metabolic and molecular targets and enrich the understanding of the existence of a similar mechanism in the host.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuoshuo Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Animal Genetics, Breeding, Reproduction and Molecular Design, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, PR China
| | - Yanan Cao
- Key Laboratory for Animal Genetics, Breeding, Reproduction and Molecular Design, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, PR China
| | - Chao Xu
- Key Laboratory for Animal Genetics, Breeding, Reproduction and Molecular Design, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, PR China
| | - Guangzheng Wang
- Key Laboratory for Animal Genetics, Breeding, Reproduction and Molecular Design, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, PR China
| | - Yanjie Huang
- Key Laboratory for Animal Genetics, Breeding, Reproduction and Molecular Design, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, PR China
| | - Wenbin Bao
- Key Laboratory for Animal Genetics, Breeding, Reproduction and Molecular Design, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, PR China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-product Safety, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, PR China
| | - Shuai Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Animal Genetics, Breeding, Reproduction and Molecular Design, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, PR China
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17
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Dasgupta A, Gangai S, Narayan R, Kapoor S. Mapping the Lipid Signatures in COVID-19 Infection: Diagnostic and Therapeutic Solutions. J Med Chem 2023; 66:14411-14433. [PMID: 37899546 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.3c01238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2023]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic ignited research centered around the identification of robust biomarkers and therapeutic targets. SARS-CoV-2, the virus responsible, hijacks the metabolic machinery of the host cells. It relies on lipids and lipoproteins of host cells for entry, trafficking, immune evasion, viral replication, and exocytosis. The infection causes host cell lipid metabolic remodelling. Targeting lipid-based processes is thus a promising strategy for countering COVID-19. Here, we review the role of lipids in the different steps of the SARS-CoV-2 pathogenesis and identify lipid-centric targetable avenues. We discuss lipidome changes in infected patients and their relevance as potential clinical diagnostic or prognostic biomarkers. We summarize the emerging direct and indirect therapeutic approaches for targeting COVID-19 using lipid-inspired approaches. Given that viral protein-targeted therapies may become less effective due to mutations in emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants, lipid-inspired interventions may provide additional and perhaps better means of combating this and future pandemics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aishi Dasgupta
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai 400076, India
- IIT-Bombay Monash Academy, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Shon Gangai
- School of Chemical and Materials Sciences (SCMS), Institute of Technology Goa, Farmagudi, Ponda, Goa 403401, India
| | - Rishikesh Narayan
- School of Chemical and Materials Sciences (SCMS), Institute of Technology Goa, Farmagudi, Ponda, Goa 403401, India
- School of Interdisciplinary Life Sciences (SILS), Institute of Technology Goa, Farmagudi, Ponda, Goa 403401, India
| | - Shobhna Kapoor
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai 400076, India
- IIT-Bombay Monash Academy, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai 400076, India
- Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 739-8528, Japan
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18
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Jain R, Mathew D. Mechanisms influencing the high prevalence of COVID-19 in diabetics: A systematic review. MEDICAL RESEARCH ARCHIVES 2023; 11:4540. [PMID: 38933091 PMCID: PMC11198970 DOI: 10.18103/mra.v11i10.4540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
Diabetics have an increased risk of contracting COVID-19 infection and tend to have more severe symptoms. This systematic review explores the potential mechanisms influencing the high prevalence of COVID-19 infections in individuals with diabetes. It reviews the emerging evidence about the interactions between viral and diabetic pathways, particularly how diabetes physiology could contribute to higher viral reception, viral entry and pathogenicity, and the severity of disease symptoms. Finally, it examines the challenges we face in studying these mechanisms and offers new strategies that might assist our fight against current and future pandemics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roshni Jain
- Cell and Molecular Biology Program, University of Nevada, Reno, NV 89557
- Department of Biology, University of Nevada, Reno, NV 89557
| | - Dennis Mathew
- Cell and Molecular Biology Program, University of Nevada, Reno, NV 89557
- Department of Biology, University of Nevada, Reno, NV 89557
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19
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Zeng S, Zhu W, Luo Z, Wu K, Lu Z, Li X, Wang W, Hu W, Qin Y, Chen W, Yi L, Fan S, Chen J. Role of OGDH in Atophagy-IRF3-IFN-β pathway during classical swine fever virus infection. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 249:126443. [PMID: 37604413 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.126443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Revised: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/23/2023]
Abstract
Classical swine fever (CSF) is a severe infectious disease caused by the classical swine fever virus (CSFV) that poses significant challenges to the swine industry. α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase (OGDH), the first rate-limiting enzyme of the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle, catalyzes α-ketoglutarate (α-KG) to succinyl-CoA, playing a crucial role in glycometabolism. Our previous studies showed that CSFV disrupts the TCA cycle, resulting in α-KG accumulation. However, the interplay between CSFV and OGDH remains unclear. In this study, we found that CSFV significantly reduces OGDH protein levels and promotes α-KG secretion through OGDH in PK-15 cells. Furthermore, we observed CSFV C protein interacts with OGDH and revealed that CSFV utilizes NDP52/NBR1 to target OGDH protein degradation in the autophagy-lysosome pathway. We also unveiled that OGDH overexpression inhibits CSFV proliferation, whereas OGDH knockdown increases CSFV proliferation. Further investigation into the mechanisms of OGDH on CSFV replication revealed that OGDH regulates the AMPK-mTOR-autophagy pathway. Additionally, using the autophagy agonist/inhibitor, rapamycin/3-MA, we observed that OGDH modulates autophagy to regulate the IRF3-IFN-β network and CSFV replication. These findings shed light on the role of OGDH in CSFV infection and host metabolism, promoting the development of innovative strategies for combating CSFV and other viral infections via targeting metabolic pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sen Zeng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Prevention and Control of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Wenhui Zhu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Prevention and Control of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Zipeng Luo
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Prevention and Control of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Keke Wu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Prevention and Control of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Zhimin Lu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Prevention and Control of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Xiaowen Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Prevention and Control of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Weijun Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Prevention and Control of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Wenshuo Hu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Prevention and Control of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Yuwei Qin
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Prevention and Control of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Wenxian Chen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Prevention and Control of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Lin Yi
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Prevention and Control of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Shuangqi Fan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Prevention and Control of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou 510642, China.
| | - Jinding Chen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Prevention and Control of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou 510642, China.
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20
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Sun X, Hu X, Zhang Q, Zhao L, Sun X, Yang L, Jin M. Sodium taurocholate hydrate inhibits influenza virus replication and suppresses influenza a Virus-triggered inflammation in vitro and in vivo. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 122:110544. [PMID: 37392567 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.110544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Revised: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/03/2023]
Abstract
Influenza A virus is an important respiratory pathogen that poses serious threats to human health. Owing to the high mutation rate of viral genes, weaker cross-protection of vaccines, and rapid emergence of drug resistance, there is an urgent need to develop new antiviral drugs against influenza viruses. Taurocholic acid is a primary bile acid that promotes digestion, absorption, and excretion of dietary lipids. Here, we demonstrate that sodium taurocholate hydrate (STH) exhibits broad-spectrum antiviral activity against influenza strains H5N6, H1N1, H3N2, H5N1, and H9N2 in vitro. STH significantly inhibited the early stages of influenza A virus replication. The levels of influenza virus viral RNA (vRNA), complementary RNA (cRNA), and mRNA were specifically reduced in virus-infected cells following STH treatment. In vivo, STH treatment of infected mice alleviated clinical signs and reduced weight loss and mortality. STH also reduced TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 overexpression. STH significantly inhibited the upregulation of TLR4 and the NF-kB family member p65, both in vivo and in vitro. These results suggest that STH exerts a protective effect against influenza infection via suppression of the NF-kB pathway, highlighting the potential use of STH as a drug for treating influenza infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolu Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China; College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China; Key Laboratory of Development of Veterinary Diagnostic Products, Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Xiaotong Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China; College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China; Key Laboratory of Development of Veterinary Diagnostic Products, Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Qiang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China; College of Biomedicine and Health, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Li Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Xiaomei Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China; College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China; Key Laboratory of Development of Veterinary Diagnostic Products, Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Li Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China; College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China; Key Laboratory of Development of Veterinary Diagnostic Products, Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Meilin Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China; College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China; Key Laboratory of Development of Veterinary Diagnostic Products, Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
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21
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Kaushik N, Patel P, Bhartiya P, Shin Y, Kim JH, Choi EH, Kaushik NK. Glycolytic stress deteriorates 229E virulence to improve host defense response. Microbes Infect 2023; 25:105150. [PMID: 37178787 PMCID: PMC10174727 DOI: 10.1016/j.micinf.2023.105150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Revised: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Viral infection treatment is a difficult task due to its complex structure and metabolism. Additionally, viruses can alter the metabolism of host cells, mutate, and readily adjust to harsh environments. Coronavirus stimulates glycolysis, weakens mitochondrial activity, and impairs infected cells. In this study, we investigated the efficacy of 2-DG in inhibiting coronavirus-induced metabolic processes and antiviral host defense systems, which have not been explored so far. 2-Deoxy-d-glucose (2-DG), a molecule restricting substrate availability, has recently gained attention as a potential antiviral drug. The results revealed that 229E human coronavirus promoted glycolysis, producing a significant increase in the concentration of fluorescent 2-NBDG, a glucose analog, particularly in the infected host cells. The addition of 2-DG decreased its viral replication and suppressed infection-induced cell death and cytopathic effects, thereby improving the antiviral host defense response. It was also observed that administration of low doses of 2-DG inhibited glucose uptake, indicating that 2-DG consumption in virus-infected host cells was mediated by high-affinity glucose transporters, whose levels were amplified upon coronavirus infection. Our findings indicated that 2-DG could be a potential drug to improve the host defense system in coronavirus-infected cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neha Kaushik
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Engineering, The University of Suwon, Hwaseong, 18323, Republic of Korea
| | - Paritosh Patel
- Department of Electrical and Biological Physics, Plasma Bioscience Research Center, Kwangwoon University, Seoul, 01897, Republic of Korea
| | - Pradeep Bhartiya
- Department of Electrical and Biological Physics, Plasma Bioscience Research Center, Kwangwoon University, Seoul, 01897, Republic of Korea
| | - Yungoh Shin
- Department of Electrical and Biological Physics, Plasma Bioscience Research Center, Kwangwoon University, Seoul, 01897, Republic of Korea
| | - June Hyun Kim
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Engineering, The University of Suwon, Hwaseong, 18323, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Ha Choi
- Department of Electrical and Biological Physics, Plasma Bioscience Research Center, Kwangwoon University, Seoul, 01897, Republic of Korea.
| | - Nagendra Kumar Kaushik
- Department of Electrical and Biological Physics, Plasma Bioscience Research Center, Kwangwoon University, Seoul, 01897, Republic of Korea.
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Rakotoambinina B, Hiffler L. Editorial: Clinical scope of micronutrients in human viral infections. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1258886. [PMID: 37637955 PMCID: PMC10457109 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1258886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Rakotoambinina
- Lab LRI (Laboratory Radio Isotopes) Division of Isotopic Medicine, Pediatric and Adult Physiology, University of Antananarivo, Antananarivo, Madagascar
- Cellular Nutrition Research, Lagny sur Marne, France
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23
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Osinaga FO, Chen YC, Kharel MK, Waguespack Y, Li S, Hsia SV. Early Events after Herpes Simplex Virus-Type 1 Entry Are Necessary for the Release of Gamma-Hydroxybutyrate upon Acute Infection. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:1104. [PMID: 37631019 PMCID: PMC10458611 DOI: 10.3390/ph16081104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Revised: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
We reported that gamma-hydroxybutyrate (GHB) is released upon Herpes Simplex Virus Type-1 (HSV-1) acute infection. However, the cellular biochemical processes involved in the production of GHB in infected cells are unclear. This study aims to shed light on the biochemical pathway and the stage within the viral life cycle responsible for the release of GHB in infected cells. UV-inactivation, acyclovir (ACV), and cycloheximide (CHX) treatments were used to inhibit HSV-1 replication at various stages. Vero cells treated with UV-inactivated HSV-1 significantly decreased GHB production. However, ACV or CHX treatments did not affect GHB production. We also showed that inhibition of glycolytic enzyme enolase by sodium fluoride (NaF) significantly reduces GHB production upon infection. This finding suggests that suppression of glycolytic activity negatively affects cellular GHB production. Our data also indicated that succinic semialdehyde dehydrogenase, an enzyme involved in the shunt of the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle to generate succinic acid, was decreased upon infection, suggesting that infection may trigger the accumulation of succinic semialdehyde, causing the production of GHB. Although the precise mechanism has yet to be defined, our results suggest that early events following infection modulates the release of GHB, which is generated through the metabolic pathways of glycolysis and TCA cycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faith O. Osinaga
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, School of Pharmacy, University of Maryland Eastern Shore, Princess Anne, MD 21853, USA
| | - Yu-Chih Chen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, School of Pharmacy, University of Maryland Eastern Shore, Princess Anne, MD 21853, USA
| | - Madan K. Kharel
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, School of Pharmacy, University of Maryland Eastern Shore, Princess Anne, MD 21853, USA
| | - Yan Waguespack
- Department of Natural Science, School of Agriculture and Natural Science, University of Maryland Eastern Shore, Princess Anne, MD 21853, USA
| | - Sichu Li
- Knowledge Bridge, LLC, Fairfax, VA 22032, USA
| | - Shaochung Victor Hsia
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, School of Pharmacy, University of Maryland Eastern Shore, Princess Anne, MD 21853, USA
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24
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Popovic M, Pantović Pavlović M, Pavlović M. Ghosts of the past: Elemental composition, biosynthesis reactions and thermodynamic properties of Zeta P.2, Eta B.1.525, Theta P.3, Kappa B.1.617.1, Iota B.1.526, Lambda C.37 and Mu B.1.621 variants of SARS-CoV-2. MICROBIAL RISK ANALYSIS 2023; 24:100263. [PMID: 37234934 PMCID: PMC10199755 DOI: 10.1016/j.mran.2023.100263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2023] [Revised: 05/07/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
From the perspectives of molecular biology, genetics and biothermodynamics, SARS-CoV-2 is the among the best characterized viruses. Research on SARS-CoV-2 has shed a new light onto driving forces and molecular mechanisms of viral evolution. This paper reports results on empirical formulas, biosynthesis reactions and thermodynamic properties of biosynthesis (multiplication) for the Zeta P.2, Eta B.1.525, Theta P.3, Kappa B.1.617.1, Iota B.1.526, Lambda C.37 and Mu B.1.621 variants of SARS-CoV-2. Thermodynamic analysis has shown that the physical driving forces for evolution of SARS-CoV-2 are Gibbs energy of biosynthesis and Gibbs energy of binding. The driving forces have led SARS-CoV-2 through the evolution process from the original Hu-1 to the newest variants in accordance with the expectations of the evolution theory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marko Popovic
- Institute of Chemistry, Technology and Metallurgy, University of Belgrade, Njegoševa 12, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Marijana Pantović Pavlović
- Institute of Chemistry, Technology and Metallurgy, University of Belgrade, Njegoševa 12, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
- University of Belgrade, Centre of Excellence in Chemistry and Environmental Engineering - ICTM, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Miroslav Pavlović
- Institute of Chemistry, Technology and Metallurgy, University of Belgrade, Njegoševa 12, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
- University of Belgrade, Centre of Excellence in Chemistry and Environmental Engineering - ICTM, Belgrade, Serbia
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25
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Li J, Wang Y, Deng H, Li S, Qiu HJ. Cellular metabolism hijacked by viruses for immunoevasion: potential antiviral targets. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1228811. [PMID: 37559723 PMCID: PMC10409484 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1228811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Cellular metabolism plays a central role in the regulation of both innate and adaptive immunity. Immune cells utilize metabolic pathways to modulate the cellular differentiation or death. The intricate interplay between metabolism and immune response is critical for maintaining homeostasis and effective antiviral activities. In recent years, immunometabolism induced by viral infections has been extensively investigated, and accumulating evidence has indicated that cellular metabolism can be hijacked to facilitate viral replication. Generally, virus-induced changes in cellular metabolism lead to the reprogramming of metabolites and metabolic enzymes in different pathways (glucose, lipid, and amino acid metabolism). Metabolic reprogramming affects the function of immune cells, regulates the expression of immune molecules and determines cell fate. Therefore, it is important to explore the effector molecules with immunomodulatory properties, including metabolites, metabolic enzymes, and other immunometabolism-related molecules as the antivirals. This review summarizes the relevant advances in the field of metabolic reprogramming induced by viral infections, providing novel insights for the development of antivirals.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Su Li
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, National African Swine Fever Para-reference Laboratory, National High Containment Facilities for Animal Diseases Control and Prevention, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Hua-Ji Qiu
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, National African Swine Fever Para-reference Laboratory, National High Containment Facilities for Animal Diseases Control and Prevention, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, China
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26
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Kleinehr J, Schöfbänker M, Daniel K, Günl F, Mohamed FF, Janowski J, Brunotte L, Boergeling Y, Liebmann M, Behrens M, Gerdemann A, Klotz L, Esselen M, Humpf HU, Ludwig S, Hrincius ER. Glycolytic interference blocks influenza A virus propagation by impairing viral polymerase-driven synthesis of genomic vRNA. PLoS Pathog 2023; 19:e1010986. [PMID: 37440521 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1010986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Influenza A virus (IAV), like any other virus, provokes considerable modifications of its host cell's metabolism. This includes a substantial increase in the uptake as well as the metabolization of glucose. Although it is known for quite some time that suppression of glucose metabolism restricts virus replication, the exact molecular impact on the viral life cycle remained enigmatic so far. Using 2-deoxy-d-glucose (2-DG) we examined how well inhibition of glycolysis is tolerated by host cells and which step of the IAV life cycle is affected. We observed that effects induced by 2-DG are reversible and that cells can cope with relatively high concentrations of the inhibitor by compensating the loss of glycolytic activity by upregulating other metabolic pathways. Moreover, mass spectrometry data provided information on various metabolic modifications induced by either the virus or agents interfering with glycolysis. In the presence of 2-DG viral titers were significantly reduced in a dose-dependent manner. The supplementation of direct or indirect glycolysis metabolites led to a partial or almost complete reversion of the inhibitory effect of 2-DG on viral growth and demonstrated that indeed the inhibition of glycolysis and not of N-linked glycosylation was responsible for the observed phenotype. Importantly, we could show via conventional and strand-specific qPCR that the treatment with 2-DG led to a prolonged phase of viral mRNA synthesis while the accumulation of genomic vRNA was strongly reduced. At the same time, minigenome assays showed no signs of a general reduction of replicative capacity of the viral polymerase. Therefore, our data suggest that the significant reduction in IAV replication by glycolytic interference occurs mainly due to an impairment of the dynamic regulation of the viral polymerase which conveys the transition of the enzyme's function from transcription to replication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jens Kleinehr
- Institute of Virology Muenster (IVM), Westfaelische Wilhelms-University Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | - Michael Schöfbänker
- Institute of Virology Muenster (IVM), Westfaelische Wilhelms-University Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | - Katharina Daniel
- Institute of Virology Muenster (IVM), Westfaelische Wilhelms-University Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | - Franziska Günl
- Institute of Virology Muenster (IVM), Westfaelische Wilhelms-University Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | - Fakry Fahmy Mohamed
- Institute of Virology Muenster (IVM), Westfaelische Wilhelms-University Muenster, Muenster, Germany
- Department of Virology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Sharkia, Egypt
| | - Josua Janowski
- Institute of Virology Muenster (IVM), Westfaelische Wilhelms-University Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | - Linda Brunotte
- Institute of Virology Muenster (IVM), Westfaelische Wilhelms-University Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | - Yvonne Boergeling
- Institute of Virology Muenster (IVM), Westfaelische Wilhelms-University Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | - Marie Liebmann
- Department of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology, University Hospital Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | - Matthias Behrens
- Institute of Food Chemistry, Westfaelische Wilhelms-University Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | - Andrea Gerdemann
- Institute of Food Chemistry, Westfaelische Wilhelms-University Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | - Luisa Klotz
- Department of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology, University Hospital Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | - Melanie Esselen
- Institute of Food Chemistry, Westfaelische Wilhelms-University Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | - Hans-Ulrich Humpf
- Institute of Food Chemistry, Westfaelische Wilhelms-University Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | - Stephan Ludwig
- Institute of Virology Muenster (IVM), Westfaelische Wilhelms-University Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | - Eike R Hrincius
- Institute of Virology Muenster (IVM), Westfaelische Wilhelms-University Muenster, Muenster, Germany
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27
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Svensson Akusjärvi S, Krishnan S, Ambikan AT, Mikaeloff F, Munusamy Ponnan S, Vesterbacka J, Lourda M, Nowak P, Sönnerborg A, Neogi U. Role of myeloid cells in system-level immunometabolic dysregulation during prolonged successful HIV-1 treatment. AIDS 2023; 37:1023-1033. [PMID: 36779490 PMCID: PMC10155691 DOI: 10.1097/qad.0000000000003512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Revised: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/14/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Why people with HIV-1 on ART (PWH ART ) display convoluted metabolism and immune cell functions during prolonged suppressive therapy is not well evaluated. In this study, we aimed to address this question using multiomics methodologies to investigate immunological and metabolic differences between PWH ART and HIV-1 negative individuals (HC). DESIGN Cross-sectional study. METHODS Untargeted and targeted metabolomics was performed using gas and liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry, and targeted proteomics using Olink inflammation panel on plasma samples. The cellular metabolic state was further investigated using flow cytometry and intracellular metabolic measurement in single-cell populations isolated by EasySep cell isolation. Finally, flow cytometry was performed for deep-immunophenotyping of mononuclear phagocytes. RESULTS We detected increased levels of glutamate, lactate, and pyruvate by plasma metabolomics and increased inflammatory markers (e.g. CCL20 and CCL7) in PWH ART compared to HC. The metabolite transporter detection by flow cytometry in T cells and monocytes indicated an increased expression of glucose transporter 1 (Glut1) and monocarboxylate transporter 1 (MCT-1) in PWH ART . Single cell-type metabolite measurement identified decreased glucose, glutamate, and lactate in monocytic cell populations in PWH ART . Deep-immunophenotyping of myeloid cell lineages subpopulations showed no difference in cell frequency, but expression levels of CCR5 were increased on classical monocytes and some dendritic cells. CONCLUSIONS Our data thus suggest that the myeloid cell populations potentially contribute significantly to the modulated metabolic environment during suppressive HIV-1 infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Svensson Akusjärvi
- Division of Clinical Microbiology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, ANA Futura, Campus Flemingsberg, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Shuba Krishnan
- Division of Clinical Microbiology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, ANA Futura, Campus Flemingsberg, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anoop T. Ambikan
- Division of Clinical Microbiology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, ANA Futura, Campus Flemingsberg, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Flora Mikaeloff
- Division of Clinical Microbiology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, ANA Futura, Campus Flemingsberg, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Sivasankaran Munusamy Ponnan
- HIV Vaccine Trials Network, Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Centre, Seattle, USA
| | - Jan Vesterbacka
- Department of Medicine Huddinge (MedH), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm
| | - Magda Lourda
- Center for Infectious Medicine, Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, ANA Futura, Campus Flemingsberg
- Childhood Cancer Research Unit, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Piotr Nowak
- Division of Clinical Microbiology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, ANA Futura, Campus Flemingsberg, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Medicine Huddinge (MedH), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm
| | - Anders Sönnerborg
- Division of Clinical Microbiology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, ANA Futura, Campus Flemingsberg, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Medicine Huddinge (MedH), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm
| | - Ujjwal Neogi
- Division of Clinical Microbiology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, ANA Futura, Campus Flemingsberg, Stockholm, Sweden
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Baďurová L, Polčicová K, Omasta B, Ovečková I, Kocianová E, Tomášková J. 2-Deoxy-D-glucose inhibits lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus propagation by targeting glycoprotein N-glycosylation. Virol J 2023; 20:108. [PMID: 37259080 DOI: 10.1186/s12985-023-02082-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Increased glucose uptake and utilization via aerobic glycolysis are among the most prominent hallmarks of tumor cell metabolism. Accumulating evidence suggests that similar metabolic changes are also triggered in many virus-infected cells. Viral propagation, like highly proliferative tumor cells, increases the demand for energy and macromolecular synthesis, leading to high bioenergetic and biosynthetic requirements. Although significant progress has been made in understanding the metabolic changes induced by viruses, the interaction between host cell metabolism and arenavirus infection remains unclear. Our study sheds light on these processes during lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV) infection, a model representative of the Arenaviridae family. METHODS The impact of LCMV on glucose metabolism in MRC-5 cells was studied using reverse transcription-quantitative PCR and biochemical assays. A focus-forming assay and western blot analysis were used to determine the effects of glucose deficiency and glycolysis inhibition on the production of infectious LCMV particles. RESULTS Despite changes in the expression of glucose transporters and glycolytic enzymes, LCMV infection did not result in increased glucose uptake or lactate excretion. Accordingly, depriving LCMV-infected cells of extracellular glucose or inhibiting lactate production had no impact on viral propagation. However, treatment with the commonly used glycolytic inhibitor 2-deoxy-D-glucose (2-DG) profoundly reduced the production of infectious LCMV particles. This effect of 2-DG was further shown to be the result of suppressed N-linked glycosylation of the viral glycoprotein. CONCLUSIONS Although our results showed that the LCMV life cycle is not dependent on glucose supply or utilization, they did confirm the importance of N-glycosylation of LCMV GP-C. 2-DG potently reduces LCMV propagation not by disrupting glycolytic flux but by inhibiting N-linked protein glycosylation. These findings highlight the potential for developing new, targeted antiviral therapies that could be relevant to a wider range of arenaviruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Baďurová
- Institute of Virology, Biomedical Research Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia
- Functional Genomics and Proteomics of Plants, Central European Institute of Technology and National Centre for Biomolecular Research, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Katarína Polčicová
- Institute of Virology, Biomedical Research Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Božena Omasta
- Institute of Virology, Biomedical Research Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Ingrid Ovečková
- Institute of Virology, Biomedical Research Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Eva Kocianová
- Institute of Virology, Biomedical Research Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Jana Tomášková
- Institute of Virology, Biomedical Research Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia.
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29
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Wang L, Pang Z, Chen Q, Song Z, Lu Y, Yang M, Huang J, Yu XQ, Wang X. Sublethal exposure to spinetoram impacts life history traits and dengue virus replication in Aedes aegypti. INSECT SCIENCE 2023; 30:486-500. [PMID: 36069276 DOI: 10.1111/1744-7917.13116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Revised: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Insecticides are anthropogenic environmental stressors and also a common stressor for mosquito vectors. However, the use of insecticides is often guided by short-term efficacy, and the sublethal effect on their target or nontarget species has long been ignored. Here, we analyzed how sublethal exposure of the promising vector-control bioinsecticide spinetoram to Aedes aegypti larvae alter adult performance and susceptibility to dengue virus (DENV) infection. We found that the surviving adult mosquitoes were significantly smaller and exhibited weaker blood-feeding capacity than control females, apart from the extended immature development period. In terms of reproductive potential, although the F0 generation produced a similar number of eggs and offspring during the first gonotrophic cycle, the survival rates of the F1 generations were significantly lower as compared to the control group, suggesting transgenerational sublethal effects on the F1 generation. Notably, surviving adult females had higher DENV-2 viral loads than the control group after spinetoram sublethal exposure. Mechanistically, transcriptomic analysis showed that inhibition of oxidative phosphorylation may function in stimulating DENV production in adult Ae. aegypti. In Aag2 cells, significant accumulation of apoptosis, mitochondrial reactive oxygen species production, and DENV-2 replication by spinetoram exposure consistently support our conclusion. Our study highlights the threat of sublethal spinetoram exposure on outbreaks of mosquito-borne viruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luoluo Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental Biology and Applied Technology, Institute of Insect Science and Technology, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhichang Pang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental Biology and Applied Technology, Institute of Insect Science and Technology, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qi Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental Biology and Applied Technology, Institute of Insect Science and Technology, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhentao Song
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental Biology and Applied Technology, Institute of Insect Science and Technology, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yi Lu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental Biology and Applied Technology, Institute of Insect Science and Technology, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Meng Yang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental Biology and Applied Technology, Institute of Insect Science and Technology, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jia Huang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental Biology and Applied Technology, Institute of Insect Science and Technology, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Qiang Yu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental Biology and Applied Technology, Institute of Insect Science and Technology, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoyun Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental Biology and Applied Technology, Institute of Insect Science and Technology, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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Leonidou N, Renz A, Mostolizadeh R, Dräger A. New workflow predicts drug targets against SARS-CoV-2 via metabolic changes in infected cells. PLoS Comput Biol 2023; 19:e1010903. [PMID: 36952396 PMCID: PMC10035753 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1010903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 03/25/2023] Open
Abstract
COVID-19 is one of the deadliest respiratory diseases, and its emergence caught the pharmaceutical industry off guard. While vaccines have been rapidly developed, treatment options for infected people remain scarce, and COVID-19 poses a substantial global threat. This study presents a novel workflow to predict robust druggable targets against emerging RNA viruses using metabolic networks and information of the viral structure and its genome sequence. For this purpose, we implemented pymCADRE and PREDICATE to create tissue-specific metabolic models, construct viral biomass functions and predict host-based antiviral targets from more than one genome. We observed that pymCADRE reduces the computational time of flux variability analysis for internal optimizations. We applied these tools to create a new metabolic network of primary bronchial epithelial cells infected with SARS-CoV-2 and identified enzymatic reactions with inhibitory effects. The most promising reported targets were from the purine metabolism, while targeting the pyrimidine and carbohydrate metabolisms seemed to be promising approaches to enhance viral inhibition. Finally, we computationally tested the robustness of our targets in all known variants of concern, verifying our targets' inhibitory effects. Since laboratory tests are time-consuming and involve complex readouts to track processes, our workflow focuses on metabolic fluxes within infected cells and is applicable for rapid hypothesis-driven identification of potentially exploitable antivirals concerning various viruses and host cell types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nantia Leonidou
- Computational Systems Biology of Infections and Antimicrobial-Resistant Pathogens, Institute for Bioinformatics and Medical Informatics (IBMI), Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- Department of Computer Science, Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence ‘Controlling Microbes to Fight Infections’, Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Alina Renz
- Computational Systems Biology of Infections and Antimicrobial-Resistant Pathogens, Institute for Bioinformatics and Medical Informatics (IBMI), Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- Department of Computer Science, Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence ‘Controlling Microbes to Fight Infections’, Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Reihaneh Mostolizadeh
- Computational Systems Biology of Infections and Antimicrobial-Resistant Pathogens, Institute for Bioinformatics and Medical Informatics (IBMI), Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- Department of Computer Science, Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence ‘Controlling Microbes to Fight Infections’, Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), partner site Tübingen, Germany
| | - Andreas Dräger
- Computational Systems Biology of Infections and Antimicrobial-Resistant Pathogens, Institute for Bioinformatics and Medical Informatics (IBMI), Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- Department of Computer Science, Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence ‘Controlling Microbes to Fight Infections’, Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), partner site Tübingen, Germany
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Redox Regulation and Metabolic Dependency of Zika Virus Replication: Inhibition by Nrf2-Antioxidant Response and NAD(H) Antimetabolites. J Virol 2023; 97:e0136322. [PMID: 36688653 PMCID: PMC9972919 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.01363-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Viral infections alter host cell metabolism and homeostasis; however, the mechanisms that regulate these processes have only begun to be elucidated. We report here that Zika virus (ZIKV) infection activates the antioxidant nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), which precedes oxidative stress. Downregulation of Nrf2 or inhibition of glutathione (GSH) synthesis resulted in significantly increased viral replication. Interestingly, 6-amino-nicotinamide (6-AN), a nicotinamide analog commonly used as an inhibitor of the pentose phosphate pathway (PPP), decreased viral replication by over 1,000-fold. This inhibition was neither recapitulated by the knockdown of PPP enzymes, glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD), or 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase (6PGD), nor prevented by supplementation with ribose 5-phosphate. Instead, our metabolomics and metabolic phenotype studies support a mechanism in which 6-AN depletes cells of NAD(H) and impairs NAD(H)-dependent glycolytic steps resulting in inhibition of viral replication. The inhibitory effect of 6-AN was rescued with precursors of the salvage pathway but not with those of other NAD+ biosynthesis pathways. Inhibition of glycolysis reduced viral protein levels, which were recovered transiently. This transient recovery in viral protein synthesis was prevented when oxidative metabolism was inhibited by blockage of the mitochondrial pyruvate carrier, fatty acid oxidation, or glutaminolysis, demonstrating a compensatory role of mitochondrial metabolism in ZIKV replication. These results establish an antagonistic role for the host cell Nrf2/GSH/NADPH-dependent antioxidant response against ZIKV and demonstrate the dependency of ZIKV replication on NAD(H). Importantly, our work suggests the potential use of NAD(H) antimetabolite therapy against the viral infection. IMPORTANCE Zika virus (ZIKV) is a major public health concern of international proportions. While the incidence of ZIKV infections has declined substantially in recent years, the potential for the reemergence or reintroduction remains high. Although viral infection alters host cell metabolism and homeostasis to promote its replication, deciphering the mechanism(s) involved in these processes is important for identifying therapeutic targets. The present work reveals the complexities of host cell redox regulation and metabolic dependency of ZIKV replication. An antagonistic effect of the Nrf2/GSH/NADP(H)-dependent antioxidant response against ZIKV infection and an essential role of NAD(H) metabolism and glycolysis for viral replication are established for the first time. These findings highlight the potential use of NAD(H) antimetabolites to counter ZIKV infection and pathogenesis.
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Bourgin M, Durand S, Kroemer G. Diagnostic, Prognostic and Mechanistic Biomarkers of COVID-19 Identified by Mass Spectrometric Metabolomics. Metabolites 2023; 13:metabo13030342. [PMID: 36984782 PMCID: PMC10056171 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13030342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Revised: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/03/2023] Open
Abstract
A number of studies have assessed the impact of SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19 severity on the metabolome of exhaled air, saliva, plasma, and urine to identify diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers. In spite of the richness of the literature, there is no consensus about the utility of metabolomic analyses for the management of COVID-19, calling for a critical assessment of the literature. We identified mass spectrometric metabolomic studies on specimens from SARS-CoV2-infected patients and subjected them to a cross-study comparison. We compared the clinical design, technical aspects, and statistical analyses of published studies with the purpose to identify the most relevant biomarkers. Several among the metabolites that are under- or overrepresented in the plasma from patients with COVID-19 may directly contribute to excessive inflammatory reactions and deficient immune control of SARS-CoV2, hence unraveling important mechanistic connections between whole-body metabolism and the course of the disease. Altogether, it appears that mass spectrometric approaches have a high potential for biomarker discovery, especially if they are subjected to methodological standardization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mélanie Bourgin
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Institut Gustave Roussy, 94805 Villejuif, France
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Equipe Labellisée par la Ligue Contre le Cancer, Université de Paris Cité, Sorbonne Université, Inserm U1138, Institut Universitaire de France, 75005 Paris, France
- Correspondence:
| | - Sylvère Durand
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Institut Gustave Roussy, 94805 Villejuif, France
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Equipe Labellisée par la Ligue Contre le Cancer, Université de Paris Cité, Sorbonne Université, Inserm U1138, Institut Universitaire de France, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Guido Kroemer
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Institut Gustave Roussy, 94805 Villejuif, France
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Equipe Labellisée par la Ligue Contre le Cancer, Université de Paris Cité, Sorbonne Université, Inserm U1138, Institut Universitaire de France, 75005 Paris, France
- Institut du Cancer Paris CARPEM, Department of Biology, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, AP-HP, 75610 Paris, France
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Rohrbeck M, Hoerr V, Piccini I, Greber B, Schulte JS, Hübner SS, Jeworutzki E, Theiss C, Matschke V, Stypmann J, Unger A, Ho HT, Disse P, Strutz-Seebohm N, Faber C, Müller FU, Ludwig S, Rescher U, Linke WA, Klingel K, Busch K, Peischard S, Seebohm G. Pathophysiological Mechanisms of Cardiac Dysfunction in Transgenic Mice with Viral Myocarditis. Cells 2023; 12:cells12040550. [PMID: 36831217 PMCID: PMC9954433 DOI: 10.3390/cells12040550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Revised: 01/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Viral myocarditis is pathologically associated with RNA viruses such as coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3), or more recently, with SARS-CoV-2, but despite intensive research, clinically proven treatment is limited. Here, by use of a transgenic mouse strain (TG) containing a CVB3ΔVP0 genome we unravel virus-mediated cardiac pathophysiological processes in vivo and in vitro. Cardiac function, pathologic ECG alterations, calcium homeostasis, intracellular organization and gene expression were significantly altered in transgenic mice. A marked alteration of mitochondrial structure and gene expression indicates mitochondrial impairment potentially contributing to cardiac contractile dysfunction. An extended picture on viral myocarditis emerges that may help to develop new treatment strategies and to counter cardiac failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Rohrbeck
- Institute for Genetics of Heart Diseases (IfGH), Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University Hospital Münster, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Verena Hoerr
- Translational Research Imaging Center, Clinic of Radiology, University Hospital Münster, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Ilaria Piccini
- Institute for Genetics of Heart Diseases (IfGH), Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University Hospital Münster, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Boris Greber
- Human Stem Cell Pluripotency Laboratory, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Biomedicine, D-48149 Münster, Germany
- Chemical Genomics Centre of the Max Planck Society, 44227 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Jan Sebastian Schulte
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Hospital Münster, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Sara-Sophie Hübner
- Translational Research Imaging Center, Clinic of Radiology, University Hospital Münster, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Elena Jeworutzki
- Institute for Genetics of Heart Diseases (IfGH), Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University Hospital Münster, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Carsten Theiss
- Department of Cytology, Institute of Anatomy, Ruhr-University Bochum, D-44780 Bochum, Germany
| | - Veronika Matschke
- Department of Cytology, Institute of Anatomy, Ruhr-University Bochum, D-44780 Bochum, Germany
| | - Jörg Stypmann
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University Clinic Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Andreas Unger
- Institute of Physiology II, Faculty of Medicine, University of Münster, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Huyen Tran Ho
- Institute for Genetics of Heart Diseases (IfGH), Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University Hospital Münster, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Paul Disse
- Institute for Genetics of Heart Diseases (IfGH), Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University Hospital Münster, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Nathalie Strutz-Seebohm
- Institute for Genetics of Heart Diseases (IfGH), Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University Hospital Münster, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Cornelius Faber
- Translational Research Imaging Center, Clinic of Radiology, University Hospital Münster, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Frank Ulrich Müller
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Hospital Münster, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Stephan Ludwig
- Institute of Virology Münster (IVM), Centre for Molecular Biology of Inflammation (ZMBE), University of Münster, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Ursula Rescher
- Research Group Regulatory Mechanisms of Inflammation, Institute of Medical Biochemistry, Centre for Molecular Biology of Inflammation, University of Muenster, 48149 Muenster, Germany
| | - Wolfgang A. Linke
- Institute of Physiology II, Faculty of Medicine, University of Münster, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Karin Klingel
- Cardiopathology, Institute for Pathology and Neuropathology, University Hospital of Tübingen, D-72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Karin Busch
- Institute of Integrative Cell Biology and Physiology, Faculty of Biology, University of Muenster, Schlossplatz 5, 48149 Muenster, Germany
| | - Stefan Peischard
- Institute for Genetics of Heart Diseases (IfGH), Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University Hospital Münster, D-48149 Münster, Germany
- Correspondence: (S.P.); (G.S.); Tel.: +49-(0)-251/83-58255 (S.P.); +49-(0)-251/83-58251 (G.S.); Fax: +49-(0)-251/83-58257 (S.P. & G.S.)
| | - Guiscard Seebohm
- Institute for Genetics of Heart Diseases (IfGH), Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University Hospital Münster, D-48149 Münster, Germany
- Correspondence: (S.P.); (G.S.); Tel.: +49-(0)-251/83-58255 (S.P.); +49-(0)-251/83-58251 (G.S.); Fax: +49-(0)-251/83-58257 (S.P. & G.S.)
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34
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Robin S, Legeai F, Jouan V, Ogliastro M, Darboux I. Genome-wide identification of lncRNAs associated with viral infection in Spodoptera frugiperda. J Gen Virol 2023; 104. [PMID: 36757871 DOI: 10.1099/jgv.0.001827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The role of lncRNAs in immune defence has been demonstrated in many multicellular and unicellular organisms. However, investigation of the identification and characterization of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) involved in the insect immune response is still limited. In this study, we used RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) to investigate the expression profiles of lncRNAs and mRNAs in the fall armyworm Spodoptera frugiperda in response to virus infection. To assess the tissue- and virus-specificity of lncRNAs, we analysed and compared their expression profiles in haemocytes and fat body of larvae infected with two entomopathogenic viruses with different lifestyles, i.e. the polydnavirus HdIV (Hyposoter didymator IchnoVirus) and the densovirus JcDV (Junonia coenia densovirus). We identified 1883 candidate lncRNAs, of which 529 showed differential expression following viral infection. Expression profiles differed considerably between samples, indicating that many differentially expressed (DE) lncRNAs showed virus- and tissue-specific expression patterns. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment and target prediction analyses indicated that DE-LncRNAs were mainly enriched in metabolic process, DNA replication and repair, immune response, metabolism of insect hormone and cell adhesion. In addition, we identified three DE-lncRNAs potentially acting as microRNA host genes, suggesting that they participate in gene regulation by producing miRNAs in response to virus infection. This study provides a catalogue of lncRNAs expressed in two important immune tissues and potential insight into their roles in the antiviral defence in S. frugiperda. The results may help future in-depth functional studies to better understand the biological function of lncRNAs in interaction between viruses and the fall armyworm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stéphanie Robin
- BIPAA, IGEPP, INRAE, Institut Agro, University of Rennes, Rennes, France.,University of Rennes, INRIA, CNRS, IRISA, Rennes, France
| | - Fabrice Legeai
- BIPAA, IGEPP, INRAE, Institut Agro, University of Rennes, Rennes, France.,University of Rennes, INRIA, CNRS, IRISA, Rennes, France
| | - Véronique Jouan
- INRAE, University of Montpellier, UMR Diversité, Génomes & Interactions Microorganismes-Insectes (DGIMI), Montpellier, France
| | - Mylène Ogliastro
- INRAE, University of Montpellier, UMR Diversité, Génomes & Interactions Microorganismes-Insectes (DGIMI), Montpellier, France
| | - Isabelle Darboux
- INRAE, University of Montpellier, UMR Diversité, Génomes & Interactions Microorganismes-Insectes (DGIMI), Montpellier, France
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Ehrlich A, Ioannidis K, Nasar M, Abu Alkian I, Daskal Y, Atari N, Kliker L, Rainy N, Hofree M, Shafran Tikva S, Houri I, Cicero A, Pavanello C, Sirtori CR, Cohen JB, Chirinos JA, Deutsch L, Cohen M, Gottlieb A, Bar-Chaim A, Shibolet O, Mandelboim M, Maayan SL, Nahmias Y. Efficacy and safety of metabolic interventions for the treatment of severe COVID-19: in vitro, observational, and non-randomized open-label interventional study. eLife 2023; 12:79946. [PMID: 36705566 PMCID: PMC9937660 DOI: 10.7554/elife.79946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Viral infection is associated with a significant rewire of the host metabolic pathways, presenting attractive metabolic targets for intervention. Methods We chart the metabolic response of lung epithelial cells to SARS-CoV-2 infection in primary cultures and COVID-19 patient samples and perform in vitro metabolism-focused drug screen on primary lung epithelial cells infected with different strains of the virus. We perform observational analysis of Israeli patients hospitalized due to COVID-19 and comparative epidemiological analysis from cohorts in Italy and the Veteran's Health Administration in the United States. In addition, we perform a prospective non-randomized interventional open-label study in which 15 patients hospitalized with severe COVID-19 were given 145 mg/day of nanocrystallized fenofibrate added to the standard of care. Results SARS-CoV-2 infection produced transcriptional changes associated with increased glycolysis and lipid accumulation. Metabolism-focused drug screen showed that fenofibrate reversed lipid accumulation and blocked SARS-CoV-2 replication through a PPARα-dependent mechanism in both alpha and delta variants. Analysis of 3233 Israeli patients hospitalized due to COVID-19 supported in vitro findings. Patients taking fibrates showed significantly lower markers of immunoinflammation and faster recovery. Additional corroboration was received by comparative epidemiological analysis from cohorts in Europe and the United States. A subsequent prospective non-randomized interventional open-label study was carried out on 15 patients hospitalized with severe COVID-19. The patients were treated with 145 mg/day of nanocrystallized fenofibrate in addition to standard-of-care. Patients receiving fenofibrate demonstrated a rapid reduction in inflammation and a significantly faster recovery compared to patients admitted during the same period. Conclusions Taken together, our data suggest that pharmacological modulation of PPARα should be strongly considered as a potential therapeutic approach for SARS-CoV-2 infection and emphasizes the need to complete the study of fenofibrate in large randomized controlled clinical trials. Funding Funding was provided by European Research Council Consolidator Grants OCLD (project no. 681870) and generous gifts from the Nikoh Foundation and the Sam and Rina Frankel Foundation (YN). The interventional study was supported by Abbott (project FENOC0003). Clinical trial number NCT04661930.
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Affiliation(s)
- Avner Ehrlich
- Grass Center for Bioengineering, Benin School of Computer Science and EngineeringJerusalemIsrael
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Silberman Institute of Life SciencesJerusalemIsrael
| | - Konstantinos Ioannidis
- Grass Center for Bioengineering, Benin School of Computer Science and EngineeringJerusalemIsrael
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Silberman Institute of Life SciencesJerusalemIsrael
| | - Makram Nasar
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Barzilai Medical CenterAshkelonIsrael
| | | | - Yuval Daskal
- Grass Center for Bioengineering, Benin School of Computer Science and EngineeringJerusalemIsrael
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Silberman Institute of Life SciencesJerusalemIsrael
| | - Nofar Atari
- Central Virology Laboratory, Public Health Services, Ministry of Health and Sheba Medical CenterTel HashomerIsrael
| | - Limor Kliker
- Central Virology Laboratory, Public Health Services, Ministry of Health and Sheba Medical CenterTel HashomerIsrael
| | - Nir Rainy
- Laboratory Division, Shamir (Assaf Harofeh) Medical CenterZerifinItaly
| | - Matan Hofree
- Klarman Cell Observatory, The Broad Institute of Harvard and MITCambridgeUnited States
| | - Sigal Shafran Tikva
- Laboratory Division, Shamir (Assaf Harofeh) Medical CenterZerifinItaly
- Hadassah Research and Innovation CenterJerusalemIsrael
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of School of Life and Health Sciences, The Jerusalem College of Technology Lev Academic CenterJerusalemIsrael
| | - Inbal Houri
- Department of Gastroenterology, Sourasky Medical CenterTel AvivIsrael
| | - Arrigo Cicero
- IRCSS S.Orsola-Malpighi University HospitalBolognaItaly
| | - Chiara Pavanello
- Centro Grossi Paoletti, Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Università degli Studi di MilanoMilanoItaly
- Centro Dislipidemie, Niguarda HospitalMilanoItaly
| | | | - Jordana B Cohen
- Perelman School of Medicine, University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaUnited States
| | - Julio A Chirinos
- Perelman School of Medicine, University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaUnited States
| | | | - Merav Cohen
- Grass Center for Bioengineering, Benin School of Computer Science and EngineeringJerusalemIsrael
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Silberman Institute of Life SciencesJerusalemIsrael
| | - Amichai Gottlieb
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Barzilai Medical CenterAshkelonIsrael
| | - Adina Bar-Chaim
- Laboratory Division, Shamir (Assaf Harofeh) Medical CenterZerifinItaly
| | - Oren Shibolet
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv UniversityTel AvivIsrael
| | | | - Shlomo L Maayan
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Barzilai Medical CenterAshkelonIsrael
| | - Yaakov Nahmias
- Grass Center for Bioengineering, Benin School of Computer Science and EngineeringJerusalemIsrael
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Silberman Institute of Life SciencesJerusalemIsrael
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36
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Biological Aging in People Living with HIV on Successful Antiretroviral Therapy: Do They Age Faster? Curr HIV/AIDS Rep 2023; 20:42-50. [PMID: 36695947 PMCID: PMC10102129 DOI: 10.1007/s11904-023-00646-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW In the absence of a prophylactic/therapeutic vaccine or cure, the most amazing achievement in the battle against HIV was the discovery of effective, well-tolerated combination antiretroviral therapy (cART). The primary research question remains whether PLWH on prolonged successful therapy has accelerated, premature, or accentuated biological aging. In this review, we discuss the current understanding of the immunometabolic profile in PLWH, potentially associated with biological aging, and a better understanding of the mechanisms and temporal dynamics of biological aging in PLWH. RECENT FINDINGS Biological aging, defined by the epigenetic alterations analyzed by the DNA methylation pattern, has been reported in PLWH with cART that points towards epigenetic age acceleration. The hastened development of specific clinical geriatric syndromes like cardiovascular diseases, metabolic syndrome, cancers, liver diseases, neurocognitive diseases, persistent low-grade inflammation, and a shift toward glutamate metabolism in PLWH may potentiate a metabolic profile at-risk for accelerated aging.
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Pinto SM, Subbannayya Y, Kim H, Hagen L, Górna MW, Nieminen AI, Bjørås M, Espevik T, Kainov D, Kandasamy RK. Multi-OMICs landscape of SARS-CoV-2-induced host responses in human lung epithelial cells. iScience 2022; 26:105895. [PMID: 36590899 PMCID: PMC9794516 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.105895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Revised: 12/03/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
COVID-19 pandemic continues to remain a global health concern owing to the emergence of newer variants. Several multi-Omics studies have produced extensive evidence on host-pathogen interactions and potential therapeutic targets. Nonetheless, an increased understanding of host signaling networks regulated by post-translational modifications and their ensuing effect on the cellular dynamics is critical to expanding the current knowledge on SARS-CoV-2 infections. Through an unbiased transcriptomics, proteomics, acetylomics, phosphoproteomics, and exometabolome analysis of a lung-derived human cell line, we show that SARS-CoV-2 Norway/Trondheim-S15 strain induces time-dependent alterations in the induction of type I IFN response, activation of DNA damage response, dysregulated Hippo signaling, among others. We identified interplay of phosphorylation and acetylation dynamics on host proteins and its effect on the altered release of metabolites, especially organic acids and ketone bodies. Together, our findings serve as a resource of potential targets that can aid in designing novel host-directed therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sneha M. Pinto
- Centre of Molecular Inflammation Research (CEMIR), and Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine (IKOM), Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491 Trondheim, Norway,Corresponding author
| | - Yashwanth Subbannayya
- Centre of Molecular Inflammation Research (CEMIR), and Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine (IKOM), Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Hera Kim
- Centre of Molecular Inflammation Research (CEMIR), and Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine (IKOM), Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Lars Hagen
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), 7491 Trondheim, Norway,Proteomics and Modomics Experimental Core, PROMEC, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), 7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Maria W. Górna
- Structural Biology Group, Biological and Chemical Research Centre, Department of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Anni I. Nieminen
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, University of Helsinki, 00014Helsinki, Finland
| | - Magnar Bjørås
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), 7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Terje Espevik
- Centre of Molecular Inflammation Research (CEMIR), and Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine (IKOM), Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Denis Kainov
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), 7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Richard K. Kandasamy
- Centre of Molecular Inflammation Research (CEMIR), and Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine (IKOM), Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491 Trondheim, Norway,Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), 7491 Trondheim, Norway,Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Centre for Individualized Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA,Corresponding author
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38
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Wali L, Karbiener M, Chou S, Kovtunyk V, Adonyi A, Gösler I, Contreras X, Stoeva D, Blaas D, Stöckl J, Kreil TR, Gualdoni GA, Gorki AD. Host-directed therapy with 2-Deoxy-D-glucose inhibits human rhinoviruses, endemic coronaviruses, and SARS-CoV-2. J Virus Erad 2022; 8:100305. [PMID: 36514716 PMCID: PMC9731833 DOI: 10.1016/j.jve.2022.100305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Revised: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Rhinoviruses (RVs) and coronaviruses (CoVs) upregulate host cell metabolic pathways such as glycolysis to meet their bioenergetic demands for rapid multiplication. Using the glycolysis inhibitor 2-deoxy-D-glucose (2-DG), we assessed the dose-dependent inhibition of viral replication of minor- and major-receptor group RVs in epithelial cells. 2-DG disrupted RV infection cycle by inhibiting template negative-strand as well as genomic positive-strand RNA synthesis, resulting in less progeny virus and RV-mediated cell death. Assessment of 2-DG´s intracellular kinetics revealed that after a short-exposure to 2-DG, the active intermediate, 2-DG6P, is stored intracellularly for several hours. Finally, we confirmed the antiviral effect of 2-DG on pandemic SARS-CoV-2 and showed for the first time that 2-DG also reduces replication of endemic human coronaviruses (HCoVs). These results provide further evidence that 2-DG could be utilized as a broad-spectrum antiviral.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Irene Gösler
- Center of Medical Biochemistry, Max Perutz Labs, Vienna Biocenter, Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | | | | | - Dieter Blaas
- Center of Medical Biochemistry, Max Perutz Labs, Vienna Biocenter, Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | - Johannes Stöckl
- Institute of Immunology, Center of Pathophysiology, Immunology & Infectiology, Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | - Thomas R. Kreil
- Global Pathogen Safety, Takeda Manufacturing Austria AG, Austria
| | | | - Anna-Dorothea Gorki
- G.ST Antivirals GmbH, Austria,Corresponding author. G.ST Antivirals GmbH, Doktor-Bohr-Gasse 7 (VBC6), 1030, Vienna, Austria
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39
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Diaz O, Vidalain PO, Ramière C, Lotteau V, Perrin-Cocon L. What role for cellular metabolism in the control of hepatitis viruses? Front Immunol 2022; 13:1033314. [PMID: 36466918 PMCID: PMC9713817 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1033314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatitis B, C and D viruses (HBV, HCV, HDV, respectively) specifically infect human hepatocytes and often establish chronic viral infections of the liver, thus escaping antiviral immunity for years. Like other viruses, hepatitis viruses rely on the cellular machinery to meet their energy and metabolite requirements for replication. Although this was initially considered passive parasitism, studies have shown that hepatitis viruses actively rewire cellular metabolism through molecular interactions with specific enzymes such as glucokinase, the first rate-limiting enzyme of glycolysis. As part of research efforts in the field of immunometabolism, it has also been shown that metabolic changes induced by viruses could have a direct impact on the innate antiviral response. Conversely, detection of viral components by innate immunity receptors not only triggers the activation of the antiviral defense but also induces in-depth metabolic reprogramming that is essential to support immunological functions. Altogether, these complex triangular interactions between viral components, innate immunity and hepatocyte metabolism may explain why chronic hepatitis infections progressively lead to liver inflammation and progression to cirrhosis, fibrosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). In this manuscript, we first present a global overview of known connections between the innate antiviral response and cellular metabolism. We then report known molecular mechanisms by which hepatitis viruses interfere with cellular metabolism in hepatocytes and discuss potential consequences on the innate immune response. Finally, we present evidence that drugs targeting hepatocyte metabolism could be used as an innovative strategy not only to deprive viruses of key metabolites, but also to restore the innate antiviral response that is necessary to clear infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivier Diaz
- CIRI, Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Team VIRal Infection, Metabolism and Immunity, Univ Lyon, Inserm, U1111, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, UMR5308, ENS de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Pierre-Olivier Vidalain
- CIRI, Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Team VIRal Infection, Metabolism and Immunity, Univ Lyon, Inserm, U1111, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, UMR5308, ENS de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Christophe Ramière
- CIRI, Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Team VIRal Infection, Metabolism and Immunity, Univ Lyon, Inserm, U1111, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, UMR5308, ENS de Lyon, Lyon, France
- Laboratoire de Virologie, Hôpital de la Croix-Rousse, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Vincent Lotteau
- CIRI, Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Team VIRal Infection, Metabolism and Immunity, Univ Lyon, Inserm, U1111, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, UMR5308, ENS de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Laure Perrin-Cocon
- CIRI, Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Team VIRal Infection, Metabolism and Immunity, Univ Lyon, Inserm, U1111, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, UMR5308, ENS de Lyon, Lyon, France
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40
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Zandi M, Shokri S, Mahmoudvand S, Hosseinzadeh Adli A, Mohammadi R, Haddadi A. Interplay between cellular metabolism and DNA viruses. J Med Virol 2022; 94:5163-5173. [PMID: 35869415 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.28018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2022] [Revised: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Viruses as intracellular pathogens take over the host metabolism and reprogram to facilitate optimal virus production. DNA viruses can cause alterations in several metabolic pathways, including aerobic glycolysis also known as the Warburg effect, pentose phosphate pathway activation, and amino acid catabolism such as glutaminolysis, nucleotide biosynthesis, lipid metabolism, and amino acid biosynthesis. The available energy for productive infection can be increased in infected cells via modification of different carbon source utilization. This review discusses the metabolic alterations of the DNA viruses that will be the basis for future novel therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milad Zandi
- Department of Virology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Somayeh Shokri
- Research Center for Molecular Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.,Department of Medical Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Shahab Mahmoudvand
- Research Center for Molecular Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.,Department of Medical Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Ahmad Hosseinzadeh Adli
- Department of Virology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Bacteriology and Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Ramin Mohammadi
- College of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - Azita Haddadi
- College of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
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41
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Zou X, Yang Y, Lin F, Chen J, Zhang H, Li L, Ouyang H, Pang D, Ren L, Tang X. Lactate facilitates classical swine fever virus replication by enhancing cholesterol biosynthesis. iScience 2022; 25:105353. [PMID: 36339254 PMCID: PMC9626675 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.105353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Revised: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
An emerging topic in virology is that viral replication is closely linked with the metabolic reprogramming of host cells. Understanding the effects of reprogramming host cell metabolism due to classical swine fever virus (CSFV) infection and the underling mechanisms would facilitate controlling the spread of classical swine fever (CSF). In the current study, we found that CSFV infection enhanced aerobic glycolysis in PK-15 cells. Blocking glycolysis with 2-deoxy-d-glycose or disrupting the enzymes PFKL and LDHA decreased CSFV replication. Lactate was identified as an important molecule in CSFV replication, independent of the pentose phosphate pathway and tricarboxylic acid cycle. Further analysis demonstrated that the accumulated lactate in cells promoted cholesterol biosynthesis, which facilitated CSFV replication and disrupted the type I interferon response during CSFV replication, and the disruption of cholesterol synthesis abolished the lactate effects on CSFV replication. The results provided more insights into the complex pathological mechanisms of CSFV. Aerobic glycolysis plays an important role in CSFV replication Intracellular lactate maintains CSFV replication as an effector of glycolysis Lactate promotes cholesterol biosynthesis to maintain CSFV replication Enhanced cholesterol biosynthesis inhibited the response of IFNs during CSFV replication
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaodong Zou
- College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yang Yang
- College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Feng Lin
- College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Jiahuan Chen
- College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Huanyu Zhang
- College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Linquan Li
- College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Hongsheng Ouyang
- College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
- Chongqing Research Institute of Jilin University, Chongqing, China
| | - Daxin Pang
- College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
- Chongqing Research Institute of Jilin University, Chongqing, China
| | - Linzhu Ren
- College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
- Corresponding author
| | - Xiaochun Tang
- College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
- Chongqing Research Institute of Jilin University, Chongqing, China
- Corresponding author
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42
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Aydemir D, Ulusu NN. The possible importance of the antioxidants and oxidative stress metabolism in the emerging monkeypox disease: An opinion paper. Front Public Health 2022; 10:1001666. [PMID: 36339207 PMCID: PMC9633114 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.1001666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Duygu Aydemir
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Koc University, Istanbul, Turkey,Koc University Research Center for Translational Medicine (KUTTAM), Istanbul, Turkey,Duygu Aydemir
| | - Nuriye Nuray Ulusu
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Koc University, Istanbul, Turkey,Koc University Research Center for Translational Medicine (KUTTAM), Istanbul, Turkey,*Correspondence: Nuriye Nuray Ulusu
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Snyder BM, Gebretsadik T, Turi KN, McKennan C, Havstad S, Jackson DJ, Ober C, Lynch S, McCauley K, Seroogy CM, Zoratti EM, Khurana Hershey GK, Berdnikovs S, Cunningham G, Summar ML, Gern JE, Hartert TV. Association of citrulline concentration at birth with lower respiratory tract infection in infancy: Findings from a multi-site birth cohort study. Front Pediatr 2022; 10:979777. [PMID: 36324820 PMCID: PMC9618869 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2022.979777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Assessing the association of the newborn metabolic state with severity of subsequent respiratory tract infection may provide important insights on infection pathogenesis. In this multi-site birth cohort study, we identified newborn metabolites associated with lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI) in the first year of life in a discovery cohort and assessed for replication in two independent cohorts. Increased citrulline concentration was associated with decreased odds of LRTI (discovery cohort: aOR 0.83 [95% CI 0.70-0.99], p = 0.04; replication cohorts: aOR 0.58 [95% CI 0.28-1.22], p = 0.15). While our findings require further replication and investigation of mechanisms of action, they identify a novel target for LRTI prevention and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brittney M. Snyder
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Tebeb Gebretsadik
- Department of Biostatistics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Kedir N. Turi
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Christopher McKennan
- Department of Statistics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Suzanne Havstad
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, MI, United States
| | - Daniel J. Jackson
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Carole Ober
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Susan Lynch
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Kathryn McCauley
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | | | - Edward M. Zoratti
- Department of Internal Medicine, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, MI, United States
| | - Gurjit K. Khurana Hershey
- Division of Asthma Research, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, United States
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, United States
| | - Sergejs Berdnikovs
- Department of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Gary Cunningham
- Department of Genetics and Metabolism, Children’s National Medical Center, Washington, DC, United States
| | - Marshall L. Summar
- Department of Genetics and Metabolism, Children’s National Medical Center, Washington, DC, United States
| | - James E. Gern
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Tina V. Hartert
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States
- Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States
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Pająk B, Zieliński R, Manning JT, Matejin S, Paessler S, Fokt I, Emmett MR, Priebe W. The Antiviral Effects of 2-Deoxy-D-glucose (2-DG), a Dual D-Glucose and D-Mannose Mimetic, against SARS-CoV-2 and Other Highly Pathogenic Viruses. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27185928. [PMID: 36144664 PMCID: PMC9503362 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27185928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Revised: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Viral infection almost invariably causes metabolic changes in the infected cell and several types of host cells that respond to the infection. Among metabolic changes, the most prominent is the upregulated glycolysis process as the main pathway of glucose utilization. Glycolysis activation is a common mechanism of cell adaptation to several viral infections, including noroviruses, rhinoviruses, influenza virus, Zika virus, cytomegalovirus, coronaviruses and others. Such metabolic changes provide potential targets for therapeutic approaches that could reduce the impact of infection. Glycolysis inhibitors, especially 2-deoxy-D-glucose (2-DG), have been intensively studied as antiviral agents. However, 2-DG’s poor pharmacokinetic properties limit its wide clinical application. Herein, we discuss the potential of 2-DG and its novel analogs as potent promising antiviral drugs with special emphasis on targeted intracellular processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beata Pająk
- Independent Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Biology, Military Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Kozielska 4, 01-163 Warsaw, Poland
- WPD Pharmaceuticals, Zwirki i Wigury 101, 01-163 Warsaw, Poland
- Correspondence: (B.P.); (W.P.)
| | - Rafał Zieliński
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1901 East Rd., Houston, TX 77054, USA
| | - John Tyler Manning
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas Medical Branch, 301 University Blvd., Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Stanislava Matejin
- Department of Advanced Cardiopulmonary Therapies and Transplantation, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77054, USA
| | - Slobodan Paessler
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas Medical Branch, 301 University Blvd., Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Izabela Fokt
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1901 East Rd., Houston, TX 77054, USA
| | - Mark R. Emmett
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas Medical Branch, 301 University Blvd., Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Waldemar Priebe
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1901 East Rd., Houston, TX 77054, USA
- Correspondence: (B.P.); (W.P.)
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Effect of the Interaction between Viral PB2 and Host SphK1 on H9N2 AIV Replication in Mammals. Viruses 2022; 14:v14071585. [PMID: 35891566 PMCID: PMC9322132 DOI: 10.3390/v14071585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2022] [Revised: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The H9N2 avian influenza virus (AIV) is currently widespread worldwide, posing a severe threat to the poultry industry and public health. Reassortment is an important way for influenza viruses to adapt to a new host. In 2007, the PB2 gene of H9N2 AIV in China was reassorted, and the DK1-like lineage replaced the F/98-like lineage, forming a dominant genotype of G57. This genotype and its reassortants (such as H7N9, H10N8 and H5N6) showed higher mammalian adaptation, and caused increased human infections. However, the adaptive mechanisms of the DK1-like lineage PB2 gene remain unclear. Here, we confirmed that the PB2 lineage of the H9N2 AIV currently prevalent in China still belongs to the DK1-like lineage and, compared with the previously predominant F/98-like lineage, the DK1-like lineage PB2 gene significantly enhances H9N2 AIV to mammalian adaptation. Through transcriptomic analysis and qRT–PCR and western blot experiments, we identified a host factor, sphingosine kinase 1 (SphK1), that is closely related to viral replication. SphK1 inhibits the replication of DK1-like PB2 gene H9N2 AIV, but the ability of SphK1 protein to bind DK1-like PB2 protein is weaker than that of F/98-like PB2 protein, which may contribute to H9N2 AIV containing the DK1-like PB2 gene to escape the inhibitory effect of host factor SphK1 for efficient infection. This study broadens our understanding of the adaptive evolution of H9N2 AIV and highlights the necessity to pay close attention to the AIV that contains the adaptive PB2 protein in animals and humans.
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46
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Mo G, Hu B, Wei P, Luo Q, Zhang X. The Role of Chicken Prolactin, Growth Hormone and Their Receptors in the Immune System. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:900041. [PMID: 35910654 PMCID: PMC9331192 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.900041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Prolactin (PRL) and growth hormone (GH) exhibit important roles in the immune system maintenance. In poultry, PRL mainly plays its roles in nesting, hatching, and reproduction, while GH is primarily responding to body weight, fat formation and feed conversion. In this review, we attempt to provide a critical overview of the relationship between PRL and GH, PRLR and GHR, and the immune response of poultry. We also propose a hypothesis that PRL, GH and their receptors might be used by viruses as viral receptors. This may provide new insights into the pathogenesis of viral infection and host immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guodong Mo
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Key Lab of Chicken Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture, Guangzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bowen Hu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Key Lab of Chicken Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture, Guangzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ping Wei
- Institute for Poultry Science and Health, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Qingbin Luo
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Key Lab of Chicken Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture, Guangzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiquan Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Key Lab of Chicken Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture, Guangzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
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Ng YS, Lee DY, Liu CH, Tung CY, He ST, Wang HC. White Spot Syndrome Virus Triggers a Glycolytic Pathway in Shrimp Immune Cells (Hemocytes) to Benefit Its Replication. Front Immunol 2022; 13:901111. [PMID: 35860260 PMCID: PMC9289281 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.901111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
White spot syndrome virus (WSSV) is the causative agent of a shrimp disease that inflicts in huge economic losses in shrimp-farming industry. WSSV triggers aerobic glycolysis in shrimp immune cells (hemocytes), but how this virus regulates glycolytic enzymes or pathway is yet to be characterized. Therefore, mRNA levels and activity of four important glycolytic enzymes, Hexokinase (HK), Phosphofructokinase (PFK), Pyruvate kinase (PK), and Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), were measured in WSSV-infected shrimp hemocytes. Gene expression of HK and PFK, but not LDH or PK, was increased at the viral genome replication stage (12 hpi); furthermore, activity of these enzymes, except HK, was concurrently increased. However, there was no increased enzyme activity at the viral late stage (24 hpi). In vivo dsRNA silencing and glycolysis disruption by 2-DG further confirmed the role of glycolysis in virus replication. Based on tracing studies using stable isotope labeled glucose, glycolysis was activated at the viral genome replication stage, but not at the viral late stage. This study demonstrated that WSSV enhanced glycolysis by activating glycolytic enzyme at the viral genome replication stage, providing energy and biomolecules for virus replication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yen Siong Ng
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioindustry Sciences, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Der-Yen Lee
- Graduate Institute of Integrated Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Hung Liu
- Department of Aquaculture, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Yi Tung
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioindustry Sciences, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Ting He
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioindustry Sciences, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Han-Ching Wang
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioindustry Sciences, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
- International Center for the Scientific Development of Shrimp Aquaculture, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
- *Correspondence: Han-Ching Wang,
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48
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Correia BSB, Ferreira VG, Piagge PMFD, Almeida MB, Assunção NA, Raimundo JRS, Fonseca FLA, Carrilho E, Cardoso DR. 1H qNMR-Based Metabolomics Discrimination of Covid-19 Severity. J Proteome Res 2022; 21:1640-1653. [PMID: 35674498 PMCID: PMC9212193 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.1c00977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19), which caused respiratory problems in many patients worldwide, led to more than 5 million deaths by the end of 2021. Experienced symptoms vary from mild to severe illness. Understanding the infection severity to reach a better prognosis could be useful to the clinics, and one study area to fulfill one piece of this biological puzzle is metabolomics. The metabolite profile and/or levels being monitored can help predict phenotype properties. Therefore, this study evaluated plasma metabolomes of 110 individual samples, 57 from control patients and 53 from recent positive cases of Covid-19 (IgM 98% reagent), representing mild to severe symptoms, before any clinical intervention. Polar metabolites from plasma samples were analyzed by quantitative 1H NMR. Glycerol, 3-aminoisobutyrate, formate, and glucuronate levels showed alterations in Covid-19 patients compared to those in the control group (Tukey's HSD p-value cutoff = 0.05), affecting the lactate, phenylalanine, tyrosine, and tryptophan biosynthesis and d-glutamine, d-glutamate, and glycerolipid metabolisms. These metabolic alterations show that SARS-CoV-2 infection led to disturbance in the energetic system, supporting the viral replication and corroborating with the severe clinical conditions of patients. Six polar metabolites (glycerol, acetate, 3-aminoisobutyrate, formate, glucuronate, and lactate) were revealed by PLS-DA and predicted by ROC curves and ANOVA to be potential prognostic metabolite panels for Covid-19 and considered clinically relevant for predicting infection severity due to their straight roles in the lipid and energy metabolism. Thus, metabolomics from samples of Covid-19 patients is a powerful tool for a better understanding of the disease mechanism of action and metabolic consequences of the infection in the human body and may corroborate allowing clinicians to intervene quickly according to the needs of Covid-19 patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Banny S. B. Correia
- Instituto de Química de São Carlos,
Universidade de São Paulo, São Carlos, SP
13566-590, Brazil
| | - Vinicius G. Ferreira
- Instituto de Química de São Carlos,
Universidade de São Paulo, São Carlos, SP
13566-590, Brazil
- Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia de
Bioanalítica, INCTBio, Campinas, SP 13083-861,
Brazil
| | | | - Mariana B. Almeida
- Instituto de Química de São Carlos,
Universidade de São Paulo, São Carlos, SP
13566-590, Brazil
- Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia de
Bioanalítica, INCTBio, Campinas, SP 13083-861,
Brazil
| | - Nilson A. Assunção
- Instituto de Ciências Ambientais, Químicas
e Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal de São
Paulo, São Paulo, SP 09972-270, Brazil
| | | | - Fernando L. A. Fonseca
- Faculdade de Medicina do
ABC, Santo André, SP 09060-870, Brazil
- Departamento de Ciências Farmacêuticas,
Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Diadema, SP
09972-270, Brazil
| | - Emanuel Carrilho
- Instituto de Química de São Carlos,
Universidade de São Paulo, São Carlos, SP
13566-590, Brazil
- Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia de
Bioanalítica, INCTBio, Campinas, SP 13083-861,
Brazil
| | - Daniel R. Cardoso
- Instituto de Química de São Carlos,
Universidade de São Paulo, São Carlos, SP
13566-590, Brazil
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Rudiansyah M, Jasim SA, Mohammad Pour ZG, Athar SS, Jeda AS, Doewes RI, Jalil AT, Bokov DO, Mustafa YF, Noroozbeygi M, Karampoor S, Mirzaei R. Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) update: From metabolic reprogramming to immunometabolism. J Med Virol 2022; 94:4611-4627. [PMID: 35689351 PMCID: PMC9350347 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.27929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2022] [Revised: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The field of immunometabolism investigates and describes the effects of metabolic rewiring in immune cells throughout activation and the fates of these cells. Recently, it has been appreciated that immunometabolism plays an essential role in the progression of viral infections, cancer, and autoimmune diseases. Regarding COVID‐19, the aberrant immune response underlying the progression of diseases establishes two major respiratory pathologies, including acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) or pneumonia‐induced acute lung injury (ALI). Both innate and adaptive immunity (T cell‐based) were impaired in the course of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) infection. Current findings have deciphered that macrophages (innate immune cells) are involved in the inflammatory response seen in COVID‐19. It has been demonstrated that immune system cells can change metabolic reprogramming in some conditions, including autoimmune diseases, cancer, and infectious disease, including COVID‐19. The growing findings on metabolic reprogramming in COVID‐19 allow an exploration of metabolites with immunomodulatory properties as future therapies to combat this hyperinflammatory response. The elucidation of the exact role and mechanism underlying this metabolic reprograming in immune cells could help apply more precise approaches to initial diagnosis, prognosis, and in‐hospital therapy. This report discusses the latest findings from COVID‐19 on host metabolic reprogramming and immunometabolic responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Rudiansyah
- Division of Nephrology & Hypertension, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Lambung Mangkurat/Ulin Hospital, Banjarmasin, Indonesia
| | - Saade Abdalkareem Jasim
- Medical Laboratory Techniques Department, Al-Maarif University College, Al-Anbar-Ramadi, Iraq
| | | | - Sara Sohrabi Athar
- Student Research Committee, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran.,Department of Human Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Ali Salimi Jeda
- Department of Virology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Rumi Iqbal Doewes
- Faculty of Sport, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Kentingan, Surakarta, Indonesia
| | - Abduladheem Turki Jalil
- Medical Laboratories Techniques Department, Al-Mustaqbal University College, Babylon, Hilla, Iraq
| | - D O Bokov
- Institute of Pharmacy, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation.,Laboratory of Food Chemistry, Federal Research Center of Nutrition, Biotechnology and Food Safety, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Yasser Fakri Mustafa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Mosul, Mosul, Iraq
| | - Mina Noroozbeygi
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sajad Karampoor
- Department of Virology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Rasoul Mirzaei
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.,Venom and Biotherapeutics Molecules Lab, Medical Biotechnology Department, Biotechnology Research Center, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
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50
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Režen T, Martins A, Mraz M, Zimic N, Rozman D, Moškon M. Integration of omics data to generate and analyse COVID-19 specific genome-scale metabolic models. Comput Biol Med 2022; 145:105428. [PMID: 35339845 PMCID: PMC8940269 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2022.105428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Revised: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
COVID-19 presents a complex disease that needs to be addressed using systems medicine approaches that include genome-scale metabolic models (GEMs). Previous studies have used a single model extraction method (MEM) and/or a single transcriptomic dataset to reconstruct context-specific models, which proved to be insufficient for the broader biological contexts. We have applied four MEMs in combination with five COVID-19 datasets. Models produced by GIMME were separated by infection, while tINIT preserved the biological variability in the data and enabled the best prediction of the enrichment of metabolic subsystems. Vitamin D3 metabolism was predicted to be down-regulated in one dataset by GIMME, and in all by tINIT. Models generated by tINIT and GIMME predicted downregulation of retinol metabolism in different datasets, while downregulated cholesterol metabolism was predicted only by tINIT-generated models. Predictions are in line with the observations in COVID-19 patients. Our data indicated that GIMME and tINIT models provided the most biologically relevant results and should have a larger emphasis in further analyses. Particularly tINIT models identified the metabolic pathways that are a part of the host response and are potential antiviral targets. The code and the results of the analyses are available to download from https://github.com/CompBioLj/COVID_GEMs_and_MEMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tadeja Režen
- Centre for Functional Genomics and Bio-Chips, Institute for Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | | | - Miha Mraz
- Faculty of Computer and Information Science, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Nikolaj Zimic
- Faculty of Computer and Information Science, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Damjana Rozman
- Centre for Functional Genomics and Bio-Chips, Institute for Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Miha Moškon
- Faculty of Computer and Information Science, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
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