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Aroffu M, Manca ML, Pedraz JL, Manconi M. Liposome-based vaccines for minimally or noninvasive administration: an update on current advancements. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2023; 20:1573-1593. [PMID: 38015659 DOI: 10.1080/17425247.2023.2288856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Vaccination requires innovation to provide effective protection. Traditional vaccines have several drawbacks, which can be overcome with advanced technologies and different administration routes. Over the past 10 years, a significant amount of research has focussed on the delivery of antigens into liposomes due to their dual role as antigen-carrying systems and vaccine adjuvants able to increase the immunogenicity of the carried antigen. AREAS COVERED This review encompasses the progress made over the last 10 years with liposome-based vaccines designed for minimally or noninvasive administration, filling the gaps in previous reviews and providing insights on composition, administration routes, results achieved, and Technology Readiness Level of the most recent formulations. EXPERT OPINION Liposome-based vaccines administered through minimally or noninvasive routes are expected to improve efficacy and complacency of vaccination programs. However, the translation from lab-scale production to large-scale production and collaborations with hospitals, research centers, and companies are needed to allow new products to enter the market and improve the vaccination programs in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Aroffu
- Department of Scienze della Vita e dell'Ambiente, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
- NanoBioCel Group, Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - Maria Letizia Manca
- Department of Scienze della Vita e dell'Ambiente, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - José Luis Pedraz
- NanoBioCel Group, Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
- Biomedical Research Center in Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
- BioAraba, NanoBioCel research Group, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - Maria Manconi
- Department of Scienze della Vita e dell'Ambiente, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
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Jiménez-Cabello L, Utrilla-Trigo S, Barreiro-Piñeiro N, Pose-Boirazian T, Martínez-Costas J, Marín-López A, Ortego J. Nanoparticle- and Microparticle-Based Vaccines against Orbiviruses of Veterinary Importance. Vaccines (Basel) 2022; 10:vaccines10071124. [PMID: 35891288 PMCID: PMC9319458 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines10071124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Revised: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Bluetongue virus (BTV) and African horse sickness virus (AHSV) are widespread arboviruses that cause important economic losses in the livestock and equine industries, respectively. In addition to these, another arthropod-transmitted orbivirus known as epizootic hemorrhagic disease virus (EHDV) entails a major threat as there is a conducive landscape that nurtures its emergence in non-endemic countries. To date, only vaccinations with live attenuated or inactivated vaccines permit the control of these three viral diseases, although important drawbacks, e.g., low safety profile and effectiveness, and lack of DIVA (differentiation of infected from vaccinated animals) properties, constrain their usage as prophylactic measures. Moreover, a substantial number of serotypes of BTV, AHSV and EHDV have been described, with poor induction of cross-protective immune responses among serotypes. In the context of next-generation vaccine development, antigen delivery systems based on nano- or microparticles have gathered significant attention during the last few decades. A diversity of technologies, such as virus-like particles or self-assembled protein complexes, have been implemented for vaccine design against these viruses. In this work, we offer a comprehensive review of the nano- and microparticulated vaccine candidates against these three relevant orbiviruses. Additionally, we also review an innovative technology for antigen delivery based on the avian reovirus nonstructural protein muNS and we explore the prospective functionality of the nonstructural protein NS1 nanotubules as a BTV-based delivery platform.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis Jiménez-Cabello
- Centro de Investigación en Sanidad Animal (CISA-INIA/CSIC), 28130 Madrid, Spain; (L.J.-C.); (S.U.-T.)
- Centro Singular de Investigación en Química Biológica y Materiales Moleculares (CIQUS), Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (N.B.-P.); (T.P.-B.); (J.M.-C.)
| | - Sergio Utrilla-Trigo
- Centro de Investigación en Sanidad Animal (CISA-INIA/CSIC), 28130 Madrid, Spain; (L.J.-C.); (S.U.-T.)
| | - Natalia Barreiro-Piñeiro
- Centro Singular de Investigación en Química Biológica y Materiales Moleculares (CIQUS), Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (N.B.-P.); (T.P.-B.); (J.M.-C.)
| | - Tomás Pose-Boirazian
- Centro Singular de Investigación en Química Biológica y Materiales Moleculares (CIQUS), Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (N.B.-P.); (T.P.-B.); (J.M.-C.)
| | - José Martínez-Costas
- Centro Singular de Investigación en Química Biológica y Materiales Moleculares (CIQUS), Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (N.B.-P.); (T.P.-B.); (J.M.-C.)
| | - Alejandro Marín-López
- Section of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06519, USA;
| | - Javier Ortego
- Centro de Investigación en Sanidad Animal (CISA-INIA/CSIC), 28130 Madrid, Spain; (L.J.-C.); (S.U.-T.)
- Correspondence:
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Strategies for fighting pandemic virus infections: Integration of virology and drug delivery. J Control Release 2022; 343:361-378. [PMID: 35122872 PMCID: PMC8810279 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2022.01.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2022] [Revised: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Respiratory viruses have sometimes resulted in worldwide pandemics, with the influenza virus and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) being major participants. Long-term efforts have made it possible to control the influenza virus, but seasonal influenza continues to take many lives each year, and a pandemic influenza virus sometimes emerges. Although vaccines for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) have been developed, we are not yet able to coexist with the SARS-CoV-2. To overcome such viruses, it is necessary to obtain knowledge about international surveillance systems, virology, ecology and to determine that immune responses are effective. The information must then be transferred to drugs. Delivery systems would be expected to contribute to the rational development of drugs. In this review, virologist and drug delivery system (DDS) researchers discuss drug delivery strategies, especially the use of lipid-based nanocarriers, for fighting to respiratory virus infections.
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Yamaoka Y, Miyakawa K, Jeremiah SS, Funabashi R, Okudela K, Kikuchi S, Katada J, Wada A, Takei T, Nishi M, Shimizu K, Ozawa H, Usuku S, Kawakami C, Tanaka N, Morita T, Hayashi H, Mitsui H, Suzuki K, Aizawa D, Yoshimura Y, Miyazaki T, Yamazaki E, Suzuki T, Kimura H, Shimizu H, Okabe N, Hasegawa H, Ryo A. Highly specific monoclonal antibodies and epitope identification against SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid protein for antigen detection tests. Cell Rep Med 2021; 2:100311. [PMID: 34027498 PMCID: PMC8126173 DOI: 10.1016/j.xcrm.2021.100311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2020] [Revised: 04/02/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The ongoing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is a major global public health concern. Although rapid point-of-care testing for detecting viral antigen is important for management of the outbreak, the current antigen tests are less sensitive than nucleic acid testing. In our current study, we produce monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) that exclusively react with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and exhibit no cross-reactivity with other human coronaviruses, including SARS-CoV. Molecular modeling suggests that the mAbs bind to epitopes present on the exterior surface of the nucleocapsid, making them suitable for detecting SARS-CoV-2 in clinical samples. We further select the optimal pair of anti-SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid protein (NP) mAbs using ELISA and then use this mAb pair to develop immunochromatographic assay augmented with silver amplification technology. Our mAbs recognize the variants of concern (501Y.V1-V3) that are currently in circulation. Because of their high performance, the mAbs of this study can serve as good candidates for developing antigen detection kits for COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yutaro Yamaoka
- Department of Microbiology, Yokohama City University School of Medicine, Yokohama, Kanagawa 236-0004, Japan
- Life Science Laboratory, Technology and Development Division, Kanto Chemical Co., Inc., Isehara, Kanagawa 259-1146, Japan
| | - Kei Miyakawa
- Department of Microbiology, Yokohama City University School of Medicine, Yokohama, Kanagawa 236-0004, Japan
| | | | - Rikako Funabashi
- Department of Microbiology, Yokohama City University School of Medicine, Yokohama, Kanagawa 236-0004, Japan
| | - Koji Okudela
- Department of Pathology, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Kanagawa 236-0004, Japan
| | - Sayaka Kikuchi
- Life Science Laboratory, Technology and Development Division, Kanto Chemical Co., Inc., Isehara, Kanagawa 259-1146, Japan
| | - Junichi Katada
- Medical Systems Research & Development Center, FUJIFILM Corporation, Kaisei, Kanagawa 258-8538, Japan
| | - Atsuhiko Wada
- Medical Systems Research & Development Center, FUJIFILM Corporation, Kaisei, Kanagawa 258-8538, Japan
| | - Toshiki Takei
- Medical Systems Research & Development Center, FUJIFILM Corporation, Kaisei, Kanagawa 258-8538, Japan
| | - Mayuko Nishi
- Department of Microbiology, Yokohama City University School of Medicine, Yokohama, Kanagawa 236-0004, Japan
| | - Kohei Shimizu
- Yokohama City Institute of Public Health, Yokohama, Kanagawa 236-0051, Japan
| | - Hiroki Ozawa
- Yokohama City Institute of Public Health, Yokohama, Kanagawa 236-0051, Japan
| | - Shuzo Usuku
- Yokohama City Institute of Public Health, Yokohama, Kanagawa 236-0051, Japan
| | - Chiharu Kawakami
- Yokohama City Institute of Public Health, Yokohama, Kanagawa 236-0051, Japan
| | - Nobuko Tanaka
- Yokohama City Institute of Public Health, Yokohama, Kanagawa 236-0051, Japan
| | - Takeshi Morita
- Department of Microbiology, Yokohama City University School of Medicine, Yokohama, Kanagawa 236-0004, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Hayashi
- Division of Pathology, Yokohama Municipal Citizen’s Hospital, Yokohama, Kanagawa 221-0855, Japan
| | - Hideaki Mitsui
- Department of Pathology, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Kanagawa 236-0004, Japan
| | - Keita Suzuki
- Life Science Laboratory, Technology and Development Division, Kanto Chemical Co., Inc., Isehara, Kanagawa 259-1146, Japan
| | - Daisuke Aizawa
- Life Science Laboratory, Technology and Development Division, Kanto Chemical Co., Inc., Isehara, Kanagawa 259-1146, Japan
| | - Yukihiro Yoshimura
- Division of Infectious Disease, Yokohama Municipal Citizen’s Hospital, Yokohama, Kanagawa 221-0855, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Miyazaki
- Department of Physiology, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Kanagawa 236-0004, Japan
| | - Etsuko Yamazaki
- Clinical Laboratory Department, Yokohama City University Hospital, Yokohama, Kanagawa 236-0004, Japan
| | - Tadaki Suzuki
- Department of Pathology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Shinjuku, Tokyo 162-8640, Japan
| | - Hirokazu Kimura
- School of Medical Technology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Gunma Paz University, Takasaki, Gunma 370-0006, Japan
| | - Hideaki Shimizu
- Division of Virology, Kawasaki City Institute for Public Health, Kawasaki, Kanagawa 210-0821, Japan
| | - Nobuhiko Okabe
- Division of Virology, Kawasaki City Institute for Public Health, Kawasaki, Kanagawa 210-0821, Japan
| | - Hideki Hasegawa
- Center for Influenza and Respiratory Virus Research, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Musashimurayama, Tokyo 208-0011, Japan
| | - Akihide Ryo
- Department of Microbiology, Yokohama City University School of Medicine, Yokohama, Kanagawa 236-0004, Japan
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Nano-Microparticle Platforms in Developing Next-Generation Vaccines. Vaccines (Basel) 2021; 9:vaccines9060606. [PMID: 34198865 PMCID: PMC8228777 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines9060606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2021] [Revised: 06/03/2021] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The first vaccines ever made were based on live-attenuated or inactivated pathogens, either whole cells or fragments. Although these vaccines required the co-administration of antigens with adjuvants to induce a strong humoral response, they could only elicit a poor CD8+ T-cell response. In contrast, next-generation nano/microparticle-based vaccines offer several advantages over traditional ones because they can induce a more potent CD8+ T-cell response and, at the same time, are ideal carriers for proteins, adjuvants, and nucleic acids. The fact that these nanocarriers can be loaded with molecules able to modulate the immune response by inducing different effector functions and regulatory activities makes them ideal tools for inverse vaccination, whose goal is to shut down the immune response in autoimmune diseases. Poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) and liposomes are biocompatible materials approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for clinical use and are, therefore, suitable for nanoparticle-based vaccines. Recently, another candidate platform for innovative vaccines based on extracellular vesicles (EVs) has been shown to efficiently co-deliver antigens and adjuvants. This review will discuss the potential use of PLGA-NPs, liposomes, and EVs as carriers of peptides, adjuvants, mRNA, and DNA for the development of next-generation vaccines against endemic and emerging viruses in light of the recent COVID-19 pandemic.
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6
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Heaton SM, Atkinson SC, Sweeney MN, Yang SNY, Jans DA, Borg NA. Exportin-1-Dependent Nuclear Export of DEAD-box Helicase DDX3X is Central to its Role in Antiviral Immunity. Cells 2019; 8:E1181. [PMID: 31575075 PMCID: PMC6848931 DOI: 10.3390/cells8101181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2019] [Revised: 09/16/2019] [Accepted: 09/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
DEAD-box helicase 3, X-linked (DDX3X) regulates the retinoic acid-inducible gene I (RIG-I)-like receptor (RLR)-mediated antiviral response, but can also be a host factor contributing to the replication of viruses of significance to human health, such as human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1). These roles are mediated in part through its ability to actively shuttle between the nucleus and the cytoplasm to modulate gene expression, although the trafficking mechanisms, and impact thereof on immune signaling and viral infection, are incompletely defined. We confirm that DDX3X nuclear export is mediated by the nuclear transporter exportin-1/CRM1, dependent on an N-terminal, leucine-rich nuclear export signal (NES) and the monomeric guanine nucleotide binding protein Ran in activated GTP-bound form. Transcriptome profiling and ELISA show that exportin-1-dependent export of DDX3X to the cytoplasm strongly impacts IFN-β production and the upregulation of immune genes in response to infection. That this is key to DDX3X's antiviral role was indicated by enhanced infection by human parainfluenza virus-3 (hPIV-3)/elevated virus production when the DDX3X NES was inactivated. Our results highlight a link between nucleocytoplasmic distribution of DDX3X and its role in antiviral immunity, with strong relevance to hPIV-3, as well as other viruses such as HIV-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven M Heaton
- Infection & Immunity Program, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia.
| | - Sarah C Atkinson
- Infection & Immunity Program, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia.
| | - Melissa N Sweeney
- Infection & Immunity Program, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia.
| | - Sundy N Y Yang
- Nuclear Signaling Laboratory, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia.
| | - David A Jans
- Nuclear Signaling Laboratory, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia.
| | - Natalie A Borg
- Infection & Immunity Program, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia.
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Wen S, Lv F, Chen X, Zhu L, Li H, Lin L, Zhang H. Application of a nucleic acid-based multiplex kit to identify viral and atypical bacterial aetiology of lower respiratory tract infection in hospitalized children. J Med Microbiol 2019; 68:1211-1218. [PMID: 31225788 DOI: 10.1099/jmm.0.001006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Shunhang Wen
- Department of Children's Respiration Disease, Second Affiliated Hospital & Yuying Children's Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Fangfang Lv
- Department of Children's Respiration Disease, Second Affiliated Hospital & Yuying Children's Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Xiaofang Chen
- Department of Children's Respiration Disease, Second Affiliated Hospital & Yuying Children's Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Lili Zhu
- Department of Children's Respiration Disease, Second Affiliated Hospital & Yuying Children's Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Haiyan Li
- Department of Children's Respiration Disease, Second Affiliated Hospital & Yuying Children's Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Li Lin
- Department of Children's Respiration Disease, Second Affiliated Hospital & Yuying Children's Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Hailin Zhang
- Department of Children's Respiration Disease, Second Affiliated Hospital & Yuying Children's Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, Zhejiang, PR China
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Garg R, Brownlie R, Latimer L, Gerdts V, Potter A, van Drunen Littel-van den Hurk S. A chimeric glycoprotein formulated with a combination adjuvant induces protective immunity against both human respiratory syncytial virus and parainfluenza virus type 3. Antiviral Res 2018; 158:78-87. [PMID: 30071204 DOI: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2018.07.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2018] [Revised: 07/22/2018] [Accepted: 07/26/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Human respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and parainfluenza virus type 3 (PIV3) are major causes of serious lower respiratory tract disease in infants. Currently there is no licensed vaccine against RSV or PIV3. To make an effective bivalent subunit vaccine, a chimeric truncated FRHN protein containing the N-terminal ectodomain of the RSV fusion (F) protein linked to the C-terminal ectodomain of the PIV3 haemagglutinin-neuraminidase (HN) protein was produced in HEK293T cells. Mice, cotton rats and hamsters were immunized intramuscularly (IM) with both RSV F and PIV3 HN (FR+HN) or FRHN, formulated with TriAdj, which consists of poly(I:C), innate defense regulator peptide and poly[di(sodium carboxylatoethylphenoxy)]-phosphazene. Both formulations were immunogenic and elicited full protection from RSV; however, animals vaccinated with FRHN/TriAdj were significantly better protected from PIV3 than animals vaccinated with FR+HN/TriAdj. To develop a potentially more effective subunit vaccine, a chimeric glycoprotein (FRipScHN), encoding the RSV F ectodomain stabilized in the pre-fusion form linked to PIV3 HN was generated. Intramuscular vaccination with FRipScHN/TriAdj induced virus neutralizing antibodies followed by complete protection from RSV and PIV3 replication in the lungs of challenged cotton rats. Furthermore, intranasal vaccination with FRipScHN/TriAdj significantly reduced both RSV and PIV3 replication in cotton rats. Mucosal immunization with FRipScHN/TriAdj also elicited strong antigen-specific mucosal and systemic immune responses in a lamb model. In conclusion, the chimeric FRipScHN protein combined with TriAdj has potential for development of a safe, effective, bivalent vaccine against both RSV and PIV3.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Garg
- VIDO-InterVac, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, S7N 5E3, Canada
| | - R Brownlie
- VIDO-InterVac, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, S7N 5E3, Canada
| | - L Latimer
- VIDO-InterVac, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, S7N 5E3, Canada
| | - V Gerdts
- VIDO-InterVac, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, S7N 5E3, Canada; Veterinary Microbiology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, S7N 5B4, Canada
| | - A Potter
- VIDO-InterVac, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, S7N 5E3, Canada; Veterinary Microbiology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, S7N 5B4, Canada
| | - S van Drunen Littel-van den Hurk
- VIDO-InterVac, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, S7N 5E3, Canada; Microbiology & Immunology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, S7N 5E5, Canada.
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Garg R, Brownlie R, Latimer L, Gerdts V, Potter A, van Drunen Littel-van den Hurk S. Vaccination with a human parainfluenza virus type 3 chimeric FHN glycoprotein formulated with a combination adjuvant induces protective immunity. Vaccine 2017; 35:7139-7146. [PMID: 29153777 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2017.10.095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2017] [Revised: 10/27/2017] [Accepted: 10/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Human parainfluenza virus type 3 (PIV3) is a major cause of lower respiratory disease i.e. bronchitis, bronchiolitis or pneumonia, in infants and young children. Presently there is no licensed vaccine against PIV3. To produce an effective subunit vaccine, a chimeric FHN glycoprotein consisting of the N-terminal ectodomain of the fusion (F) protein linked to the haemagglutinin-neuraminidase (HN) protein without transmembrane domain, and secreted forms of the individual F and HN glycoproteins, were expressed in mammalian cells and purified. Mice and cotton rats were immunized intramuscularly (IM) with FHN or both F and HN proteins (F + HN), formulated with poly(I:C) and an innate defense regulator peptide in polyphosphazene (TriAdj). Significantly higher levels of systemic virus-neutralizing antibodies were observed in mice and cotton rats immunized with FHN/TriAdj when compared to animals immunized with the combination of F and HN proteins (F + HN/TriAdj). As PIV3 is a pneumotropic virus, another goal is to produce an effective mucosal subunit vaccine. Intranasal (IN) administration with FHN/TriAdj resulted in mucosal IgA production in the lung and virus neutralizing antibodies in the sera. After PIV3 challenge no virus was detected in cotton rats immunized with FHN/TriAdj regardless of the route of delivery. Protective immunity against PIV3 was also induced by FHN/TriAdj in hamsters. In conclusion, the FHN protein formulated with TriAdj has potential for development of a safe and effective vaccine against PIV3.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Garg
- VIDO-Intervac, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E3, Canada
| | - R Brownlie
- VIDO-Intervac, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E3, Canada
| | - L Latimer
- VIDO-Intervac, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E3, Canada
| | - V Gerdts
- VIDO-Intervac, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E3, Canada; Veterinary Microbiology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E3, Canada
| | - A Potter
- VIDO-Intervac, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E3, Canada; Veterinary Microbiology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E3, Canada
| | - S van Drunen Littel-van den Hurk
- VIDO-Intervac, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E3, Canada; Microbiology & Immunology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E3, Canada.
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The Role of Human Parainfluenza Virus Infections in the Immunopathology of the Respiratory Tract. Curr Allergy Asthma Rep 2017; 17:16. [PMID: 28283855 PMCID: PMC7089069 DOI: 10.1007/s11882-017-0685-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Viral infections are leading causes of both upper and lower airway acute illness in all age groups of healthy persons, and have also been implicated in the acute exacerbations of chronic respiratory disorders like asthma and COPD. Human rhinovirus, respiratory syncytial virus, influenza virus and coronavirus have been considered as the most important respiratory pathogens and relatively little attention has been paid to the role of parainfluenza viruses (hPIVs). Human parainfluenza viruses are single-stranded RNA viruses belonging to the paramyxovirus family that may evoke lower respiratory infections in infants, children and immunocompromised individuals. Among non-immune compromised adults, hPIV infection typically causes mild disease manifested as upper respiratory tract symptoms and is infrequently associated with severe croup or pneumonia. Moreover, hPIV infection may be associated with viral exacerbations of chronic airway diseases, asthma or COPD or chronic rhinosinusitis. In this review, we summarized the basic epidemiology and immunology of hPIVs and addressed the more recent data implicating the role of parainfluenza viruses in the exacerbation of chronic airway disorders.
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Epidemiology of parainfluenza infection in England and Wales, 1998-2013: any evidence of change? Epidemiol Infect 2017; 145:1210-1220. [PMID: 28095926 DOI: 10.1017/s095026881600323x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Human parainfluenza virus (HPIV) infections are one of the commonest causes of upper and lower respiratory tract infections. In order to determine if there have been any recent changes in HPIV epidemiology in England and Wales, laboratory surveillance data between 1998 and 2013 were analysed. The UK national laboratory surveillance database, LabBase, and the newly established laboratory-based virological surveillance system, the Respiratory DataMart System (RDMS), were used. Descriptive analysis was performed to examine the distribution of cases by year, age, sex and serotype, and to examine the overall temporal trend using the χ 2 test. A random-effects model was also employed to model the number of cases. Sixty-eight per cent of all HPIV detections were due to HPIV type 3 (HPIV-3). HPIV-3 infections were detected all year round but peaked annually between March and June. HPIV-1 and HPIV-2 circulated at lower levels accounting for 20% and 8%, respectively, peaking during the last quarter of the year with a biennial cycle. HPIV-4 was detected in smaller numbers, accounting for only 4% and also mainly observed in the last quarter of the year. However, in recent years, HPIV-4 detection has been reported much more commonly with an increase from 0% in 1998 to 3·7% in 2013. Although an overall higher proportion of HPIV infection was reported in infants (43·0%), a long-term decreasing trend in proportion in infants was observed. An increase was also observed in older age groups. Continuous surveillance will be important in tracking any future changes.
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Yamaoka Y, Matsuyama S, Fukushi S, Matsunaga S, Matsushima Y, Kuroyama H, Kimura H, Takeda M, Chimuro T, Ryo A. Development of Monoclonal Antibody and Diagnostic Test for Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus Using Cell-Free Synthesized Nucleocapsid Antigen. Front Microbiol 2016; 7:509. [PMID: 27148198 PMCID: PMC4837155 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2016.00509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2016] [Accepted: 03/29/2016] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Protein nativity is one of the most critical factors for the quality of antigens used as immunogens and the reactivities of the resultant antibodies. The preparation and purification of native viral antigens in conventional cell-based protein expression systems are often accompanied by technical hardships. These challenges are attributable mainly to protein aggregation and insolubility during expression and purification, as well as to very low expression levels associated with the toxicity of some viral proteins. Here, we describe a novel approach for the production of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) against nucleocapsid protein (NP) of the Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV). Using a wheat germ cell-free protein synthesis system, we successfully prepared large amounts of MERS-CoV NP antigen in a state that was highly soluble and intact for immunization. Following mouse immunization and hybridoma generation, we selected seven hybridoma clones that produced mAbs with exclusive reactivity against MERS-CoV NP. Epitope mapping and subsequent bioinformatic analysis revealed that these mAbs recognized epitopes located within relatively highly conserved regions of the MERS-CoV amino-acid sequence. Consistently, the mAbs exhibited no obvious cross-reactivity with NPs derived from other related viruses, including SARS coronavirus. After determining the optimal combinations of these mAbs, we developed an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and a rapid immunochromatographic antigen detection test that can be reliably used for laboratory diagnosis of MERS-CoV. Thus, this study provides strong evidence that the wheat germ cell-free system is useful for the production of diagnostic mAbs against emerging pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yutaro Yamaoka
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Yokohama City UniversityYokohama, Japan; Isehara Research Laboratory, Technology and Development Division, Kanto Chemical Co., Inc.Isehara, Japan
| | - Shutoku Matsuyama
- Department of Virology III, National Institute of Infectious Diseases Musashimurayama, Japan
| | - Shuetsu Fukushi
- Department of Virology I, National Institute of Infectious Diseases Musashimurayama, Japan
| | - Satoko Matsunaga
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Yokohama City University Yokohama, Japan
| | - Yuki Matsushima
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Yokohama City UniversityYokohama, Japan; Division of Virology, Kawasaki City Institute for Public HealthKawasaki, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Kuroyama
- Isehara Research Laboratory, Technology and Development Division, Kanto Chemical Co., Inc. Isehara, Japan
| | - Hirokazu Kimura
- Infectious Disease Surveillance Center, National Institute of Infectious Diseases Musashimurayama, Japan
| | - Makoto Takeda
- Department of Virology III, National Institute of Infectious Diseases Musashimurayama, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Chimuro
- Isehara Research Laboratory, Technology and Development Division, Kanto Chemical Co., Inc. Isehara, Japan
| | - Akihide Ryo
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Yokohama City University Yokohama, Japan
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Designing liposomal adjuvants for the next generation of vaccines. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2016; 99:85-96. [PMID: 26576719 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2015.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2015] [Revised: 10/09/2015] [Accepted: 11/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Liposomes not only offer the ability to enhance drug delivery, but can effectively act as vaccine delivery systems and adjuvants. Their flexibility in size, charge, bilayer rigidity and composition allow for targeted antigen delivery via a range of administration routes. In the development of liposomal adjuvants, the type of immune response promoted has been linked to their physico-chemical characteristics, with the size and charge of the liposomal particles impacting on liposome biodistribution, exposure in the lymph nodes and recruitment of the innate immune system. The addition of immunostimulatory agents can further potentiate their immunogenic properties. Here, we outline the attributes that should be considered in the design and manufacture of liposomal adjuvants for the delivery of sub-unit and nucleic acid based vaccines.
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Zemella A, Thoring L, Hoffmeister C, Kubick S. Cell-Free Protein Synthesis: Pros and Cons of Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Systems. Chembiochem 2015; 16:2420-31. [PMID: 26478227 PMCID: PMC4676933 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201500340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 142] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2015] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
From its start as a small-scale in vitro system to study fundamental translation processes, cell-free protein synthesis quickly rose to become a potent platform for the high-yield production of proteins. In contrast to classical in vivo protein expression, cell-free systems do not need time-consuming cloning steps, and the open nature provides easy manipulation of reaction conditions as well as high-throughput potential. Especially for the synthesis of difficult to express proteins, such as toxic and transmembrane proteins, cell-free systems are of enormous interest. The modification of the genetic code to incorporate non-canonical amino acids into the target protein in particular provides enormous potential in biotechnology and pharmaceutical research and is in the focus of many cell-free projects. Many sophisticated cell-free systems for manifold applications have been established. This review describes the recent advances in cell-free protein synthesis and details the expanding applications in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Zemella
- Fraunhofer Institute for Cell Therapy and Immunology (IZI), Branch Bioanalytics and Bioprocesses Potsdam-Golm (IZI-BB), Am Mühlenberg 13, 14476, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Lena Thoring
- Fraunhofer Institute for Cell Therapy and Immunology (IZI), Branch Bioanalytics and Bioprocesses Potsdam-Golm (IZI-BB), Am Mühlenberg 13, 14476, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Christian Hoffmeister
- Fraunhofer Institute for Cell Therapy and Immunology (IZI), Branch Bioanalytics and Bioprocesses Potsdam-Golm (IZI-BB), Am Mühlenberg 13, 14476, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Stefan Kubick
- Fraunhofer Institute for Cell Therapy and Immunology (IZI), Branch Bioanalytics and Bioprocesses Potsdam-Golm (IZI-BB), Am Mühlenberg 13, 14476, Potsdam, Germany.
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Wang S, Liu H, Zhang X, Qian F. Intranasal and oral vaccination with protein-based antigens: advantages, challenges and formulation strategies. Protein Cell 2015; 6:480-503. [PMID: 25944045 PMCID: PMC4491048 DOI: 10.1007/s13238-015-0164-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2015] [Accepted: 04/10/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Most pathogens initiate their infections at the human mucosal surface. Therefore, mucosal vaccination, especially through oral or intranasal administration routes, is highly desired for infectious diseases. Meanwhile, protein-based antigens provide a safer alternative to the whole pathogen or DNA based ones in vaccine development. However, the unique biopharmaceutical hurdles that intranasally or orally delivered protein vaccines need to overcome before they reach the sites of targeting, the relatively low immunogenicity, as well as the low stability of the protein antigens, require thoughtful and fine-tuned mucosal vaccine formulations, including the selection of immunostimulants, the identification of the suitable vaccine delivery system, and the determination of the exact composition and manufacturing conditions. This review aims to provide an up-to-date survey of the protein antigen-based vaccine formulation development, including the usage of immunostimulants and the optimization of vaccine delivery systems for intranasal and oral administrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shujing Wang
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Medicine and Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
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Schwendener RA. Liposomes as vaccine delivery systems: a review of the recent advances. THERAPEUTIC ADVANCES IN VACCINES 2014; 2:159-82. [PMID: 25364509 DOI: 10.1177/2051013614541440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 319] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Liposomes and liposome-derived nanovesicles such as archaeosomes and virosomes have become important carrier systems in vaccine development and the interest for liposome-based vaccines has markedly increased. A key advantage of liposomes, archaeosomes and virosomes in general, and liposome-based vaccine delivery systems in particular, is their versatility and plasticity. Liposome composition and preparation can be chosen to achieve desired features such as selection of lipid, charge, size, size distribution, entrapment and location of antigens or adjuvants. Depending on the chemical properties, water-soluble antigens (proteins, peptides, nucleic acids, carbohydrates, haptens) are entrapped within the aqueous inner space of liposomes, whereas lipophilic compounds (lipopeptides, antigens, adjuvants, linker molecules) are intercalated into the lipid bilayer and antigens or adjuvants can be attached to the liposome surface either by adsorption or stable chemical linking. Coformulations containing different types of antigens or adjuvants can be combined with the parameters mentioned to tailor liposomal vaccines for individual applications. Special emphasis is given in this review to cationic adjuvant liposome vaccine formulations. Examples of vaccines made with CAF01, an adjuvant composed of the synthetic immune-stimulating mycobacterial cordfactor glycolipid trehalose dibehenate as immunomodulator and the cationic membrane forming molecule dimethyl dioctadecylammonium are presented. Other vaccines such as cationic liposome-DNA complexes (CLDCs) and other adjuvants like muramyl dipeptide, monophosphoryl lipid A and listeriolysin O are mentioned as well. The field of liposomes and liposome-based vaccines is vast. Therefore, this review concentrates on recent and relevant studies emphasizing current reports dealing with the most studied antigens and adjuvants, and pertinent examples of vaccines. Studies on liposome-based veterinary vaccines and experimental therapeutic cancer vaccines are also summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reto A Schwendener
- Institute of Molecular Cancer Research, Laboratory of Liposome Research, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, Zurich, 8057, Switzerland
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Kimura H, Ryo A. Pathophysiology and epidemiology of virus-induced asthma. Front Microbiol 2014; 5:562. [PMID: 25374566 PMCID: PMC4205945 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2014.00562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2014] [Accepted: 10/07/2014] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Hirokazu Kimura
- Infectious Disease Surveillance Center, National Institute of Infectious Diseases Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akihide Ryo
- Department of Molecular Biodefence Research, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine Kanagawa, Japan
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Harbers M. Wheat germ systems for cell-free protein expression. FEBS Lett 2014; 588:2762-73. [PMID: 24931374 DOI: 10.1016/j.febslet.2014.05.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2014] [Revised: 05/25/2014] [Accepted: 05/26/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Cell-free protein expression plays an important role in biochemical research. However, only recent developments led to new methods to rapidly synthesize preparative amounts of protein that make cell-free protein expression an attractive alternative to cell-based methods. In particular the wheat germ system provides the highest translation efficiency among eukaryotic cell-free protein expression approaches and has a very high success rate for the expression of soluble proteins of good quality. As an open in vitro method, the wheat germ system is a preferable choice for many applications in protein research including options for protein labeling and the expression of difficult-to-express proteins like membrane proteins and multiple protein complexes. Here I describe wheat germ cell-free protein expression systems and give examples how they have been used in genome-wide expression studies, preparation of labeled proteins for structural genomics and protein mass spectroscopy, automated protein synthesis, and screening of enzymatic activities. Future directions for the use of cell-free expression methods are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Harbers
- RIKEN Center for Life Science Technologies, Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama City, Kanagawa 230-0045, Japan; CellFree Sciences Co., Ltd., 75-1, Ono-cho, Leading Venture Plaza 201, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 230-0046, Japan.
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