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Gaballa A, Wiedmann M, Carroll LM. More than mcr: canonical plasmid- and transposon-encoded mobilized colistin resistance genes represent a subset of phosphoethanolamine transferases. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2023; 13:1060519. [PMID: 37360531 PMCID: PMC10285318 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1060519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Mobilized colistin resistance genes (mcr) may confer resistance to the last-resort antimicrobial colistin and can often be transmitted horizontally. mcr encode phosphoethanolamine transferases (PET), which are closely related to chromosomally encoded, intrinsic lipid modification PET (i-PET; e.g., EptA, EptB, CptA). To gain insight into the evolution of mcr within the context of i-PET, we identified 69,814 MCR-like proteins present across 256 bacterial genera (obtained by querying known MCR family representatives against the National Center for Biotechnology Information [NCBI] non-redundant protein database via protein BLAST). We subsequently identified 125 putative novel mcr-like genes, which were located on the same contig as (i) ≥1 plasmid replicon and (ii) ≥1 additional antimicrobial resistance gene (obtained by querying the PlasmidFinder database and NCBI's National Database of Antibiotic Resistant Organisms, respectively, via nucleotide BLAST). At 80% amino acid identity, these putative novel MCR-like proteins formed 13 clusters, five of which represented putative novel MCR families. Sequence similarity and a maximum likelihood phylogeny of mcr, putative novel mcr-like, and ipet genes indicated that sequence similarity was insufficient to discriminate mcr from ipet genes. A mixed-effect model of evolution (MEME) indicated that site- and branch-specific positive selection played a role in the evolution of alleles within the mcr-2 and mcr-9 families. MEME suggested that positive selection played a role in the diversification of several residues in structurally important regions, including (i) a bridging region that connects the membrane-bound and catalytic periplasmic domains, and (ii) a periplasmic loop juxtaposing the substrate entry tunnel. Moreover, eptA and mcr were localized within different genomic contexts. Canonical eptA genes were typically chromosomally encoded in an operon with a two-component regulatory system or adjacent to a TetR-type regulator. Conversely, mcr were represented by single-gene operons or adjacent to pap2 and dgkA, which encode a PAP2 family lipid A phosphatase and diacylglycerol kinase, respectively. Our data suggest that eptA can give rise to "colistin resistance genes" through various mechanisms, including mobilization, selection, and diversification of genomic context and regulatory pathways. These mechanisms likely altered gene expression levels and enzyme activity, allowing bona fide eptA to evolve to function in colistin resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Gaballa
- Department of Food Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States
| | - Martin Wiedmann
- Department of Food Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States
| | - Laura M. Carroll
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, SciLifeLab, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
- Laboratory for Molecular Infection Medicine Sweden (MIMS), Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
- Umeå Centre for Microbial Research, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
- Integrated Science Lab, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
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Li Y, Guo X, Qiu Y, Fang C, Liu D, Liu Q, Dai X, Zhang L. Characterization of a novel multidrug-resistant genomic island in Sphingobacterium spp. strains recovered from pleural fluid of lung cancer patients. J Glob Antimicrob Resist 2023; 32:18-20. [PMID: 36521646 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgar.2022.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Revised: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ying Li
- The School of Basic Medical Science and Public Center of Experimental Technology, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Xiyuan Guo
- The School of Basic Medical Science and Public Center of Experimental Technology, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China; Biomedical Sciences Program, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Yichuan Qiu
- The School of Basic Medical Science and Public Center of Experimental Technology, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Chengju Fang
- The School of Basic Medical Science and Public Center of Experimental Technology, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Dan Liu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Qian Liu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiaoyi Dai
- The School of Basic Medical Science and Public Center of Experimental Technology, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.
| | - Luhua Zhang
- The School of Basic Medical Science and Public Center of Experimental Technology, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.
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Yang X, Shu R, Hou L, Ren P, Lu X, Huang Z, Zhong Z, Wang H. mcr-1-Mediated In Vitro Inhibition of Plasmid Transfer Is Reversed by the Intestinal Environment. Antibiotics (Basel) 2022; 11:antibiotics11070875. [PMID: 35884129 PMCID: PMC9311533 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics11070875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Revised: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Colistin is regarded as an antibiotic of last resort against multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria, including Klebsiella pneumoniae and Escherichia coli. Colistin resistance is acquired by microorganisms via chromosome-mediated mutations or plasmid-mediated mobile colistin resistance (mcr) gene, in which the transfer of mcr is the predominant factor underlying the spread of colistin resistance. However, the factors that are responsible for the spread of the mcr gene are still unclear. In this study, we observed that mcr-1 inhibited the transfer of the pHNSHP45 backbone in liquid mating. Similar inhibitory effect of mcr-1.6 and chromosomal mutant ΔmgrB suggested that colistin resistance, acquired from either plasmid or chromosomal mutation, hindered the transfer of colistin resistance-related plasmid in vitro. Dual plasmid system further proved that co-existing plasmid transfer was reduced too. However, this inhibitory effect was reversed in vivo. Some factors in the gut, including bile salt and anaerobic conditions, could increase the transfer frequency of the mcr-1-containing plasmid. Our results demonstrated the potential risk for the spread of colistin resistance in the intestine, provide a scientific basis against the transmission of colistin resistance threat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoman Yang
- Department of Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, 210095 Nanjing, China; (X.Y.); (R.S.); (L.H.); (P.R.); (Z.H.); (Z.Z.)
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430074 Wuhan, China
| | - Rundong Shu
- Department of Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, 210095 Nanjing, China; (X.Y.); (R.S.); (L.H.); (P.R.); (Z.H.); (Z.Z.)
| | - Leqi Hou
- Department of Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, 210095 Nanjing, China; (X.Y.); (R.S.); (L.H.); (P.R.); (Z.H.); (Z.Z.)
| | - Panpan Ren
- Department of Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, 210095 Nanjing, China; (X.Y.); (R.S.); (L.H.); (P.R.); (Z.H.); (Z.Z.)
| | - Xin Lu
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 102206 Beijing, China;
| | - Zhi Huang
- Department of Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, 210095 Nanjing, China; (X.Y.); (R.S.); (L.H.); (P.R.); (Z.H.); (Z.Z.)
| | - Zengtao Zhong
- Department of Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, 210095 Nanjing, China; (X.Y.); (R.S.); (L.H.); (P.R.); (Z.H.); (Z.Z.)
| | - Hui Wang
- Department of Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, 210095 Nanjing, China; (X.Y.); (R.S.); (L.H.); (P.R.); (Z.H.); (Z.Z.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-25-84396645
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Antimicrobial Resistance Patterns and Clonal Distribution of E. coli, Enterobacter spp. and Acinetobacter spp. Strains Isolated from Two Hospital Wastewater Plants. Antibiotics (Basel) 2022; 11:antibiotics11050601. [PMID: 35625245 PMCID: PMC9137823 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics11050601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Revised: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to determine the presence and persistence of antimicrobial-resistant enterobacteria and their clonal distribution in hospital wastewater. A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out in wastewater from two Mexico City tertiary level hospitals. In February and March of 2020, eight wastewater samples were collected and 26 isolates of enterobacteria were recovered, 19 (73.1%) isolates were identified as E. coli, 5 (19.2%) as Acinetobacter spp. and 2 (7.7%) as Enterobacter spp. Antimicrobial susceptibility profiles were performed using the VITEK 2® automated system and bacterial identification was performed by the Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization-Time of Flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS®). ESBL genes were detected by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and clonal distributions of isolates were determined by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). E. coli susceptibility to different classes of antimicrobials was analyzed and resistance was mainly detected as ESBLs and fluoroquinolones. One E. coli strain was resistant to doripenem, ertapenem, imipenem and meropenem. The analysis by PCR showed the presence of specific β-lactamases resistance genes (blaKPC, blaCTX-M). The PFGE separated the E. coli isolates into 19 different patterns (A–R). PFGE results of Acinetobacter spp. showed the presence of a majority clone A. Surveillance of antimicrobial resistance through hospital wastewater is an important tool for early detection of clonal clusters of clinically important bacteria with potential for dissemination.
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Li Y, Qiu Y, Gao Y, Chen W, Li C, Dai X, Zhang L. Genetic and virulence characteristics of a Raoultella planticola isolate resistant to carbapenem and tigecycline. Sci Rep 2022; 12:3858. [PMID: 35264602 PMCID: PMC8907287 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-07778-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Raoultella planticola is an emerging pathogen causing several infections in humans, and its roles in the propagation of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) remain uncharacterized. In this study, a carbapenem and tigecycline-resistant R. planticola isolate was recovered from hospital sewage. It carried nine plasmids, bearing 30 ARGs, including one blaKPC-2 and two blaNDM-1. It also contained a plasmid-borne efflux pump gene cluster, tmexCD1-toprJ, conferring resistance to tigecycline. Analysis of plasmid sequences revealed that both blaNDM-1-carrying plasmids were highly similar to those recovered from humans, reinforcing the close relatedness of environmental and clinical isolates. We also identified that plasmid bearing blaNDM-1 or tmexCD1-toprJ1 was transferable, and can be stabilized in the host bacteria, indicating that the R. planticola isolate has a considerable potential in the dissemination of ARGs. Besides, we found that this isolate could produce biofilm and was virulent in a Galleria mellonella infection model. In conclusion, our study shows the convergence of virulence and multidrug resistance in a R. planticola isolate. This potentially virulent superbug may disseminate into its receiving rivers, and finally to humans through cross-contamination during recreation activities or daily use of water, which poses a risk to public health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Li
- The School of Basic Medical Science and Public Center of Experimental Technology, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Yichuan Qiu
- The School of Basic Medical Science and Public Center of Experimental Technology, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Yan Gao
- The School of Basic Medical Science and Public Center of Experimental Technology, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Wenbi Chen
- The School of Basic Medical Science and Public Center of Experimental Technology, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Chengwen Li
- The School of Basic Medical Science and Public Center of Experimental Technology, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Xiaoyi Dai
- The School of Basic Medical Science and Public Center of Experimental Technology, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Luhua Zhang
- The School of Basic Medical Science and Public Center of Experimental Technology, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan Province, China.
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WHO Critical Priority Escherichia coli as One Health Challenge for a Post-Pandemic Scenario: Genomic Surveillance and Analysis of Current Trends in Brazil. Microbiol Spectr 2022; 10:e0125621. [PMID: 35234515 PMCID: PMC8941879 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.01256-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The dissemination of carbapenem-resistant and third generation cephalosporin-resistant pathogens is a critical issue that is no longer restricted to hospital settings. The rapid spread of critical priority pathogens in Brazil is notably worrying, considering its continental dimension, the diversity of international trade, livestock production, and human travel. We conducted a nationwide genomic investigation under a One Health perspective that included Escherichia coli strains isolated from humans and nonhuman sources, over 45 years (1974–2019). One hundred sixty-seven genomes were analyzed extracting clinically relevant information (i.e., resistome, virulome, mobilome, sequence types [STs], and phylogenomic). The endemic status of extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-positive strains carrying a wide diversity of blaCTX-M variants, and the growing number of colistin-resistant isolates carrying mcr-type genes was associated with the successful expansion of international ST10, ST38, ST115, ST131, ST354, ST410, ST648, ST517, and ST711 clones; phylogenetically related and shared between human and nonhuman hosts, and polluted aquatic environments. Otherwise, carbapenem-resistant ST48, ST90, ST155, ST167, ST224, ST349, ST457, ST648, ST707, ST744, ST774, and ST2509 clones from human host harbored blaKPC-2 and blaNDM-1 genes. A broad resistome to other clinically relevant antibiotics, hazardous heavy metals, disinfectants, and pesticides was further predicted. Wide virulome associated with invasion/adherence, exotoxin and siderophore production was related to phylogroup B2. The convergence of wide resistome and virulome has contributed to the persistence and rapid spread of international high-risk clones of critical priority E. coli at the human-animal-environmental interface, which must be considered a One Health challenge for a post-pandemic scenario. IMPORTANCE A One Health approach for antimicrobial resistance must integrate whole-genome sequencing surveillance data of critical priority pathogens from human, animal and environmental sources to track hot spots and routes of transmission and developing effective prevention and control strategies. As part of the Grand Challenges Explorations: New Approaches to Characterize the Global Burden of Antimicrobial Resistance Program, we present genomic data of WHO critical priority carbapenemase-resistant, ESBL-producing, and/or colistin-resistant Escherichia coli strains isolated from humans and nonhuman sources in Brazil, a country with continental proportions and high levels of antimicrobial resistance. The present study provided evidence of epidemiological and clinical interest, highlighting that the convergence of wide virulome and resistome has contributed to the persistence and rapid spread of international high-risk clones of E. coli at the human-animal-environmental interface, which must be considered a One Health threat that requires coordinated actions to reduce its incidence in humans and nonhuman hosts.
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Zhu L, Shuai X, Xu L, Sun Y, Lin Z, Zhou Z, Meng L, Chen H. Mechanisms underlying the effect of chlorination and UV disinfection on VBNC state Escherichia coli isolated from hospital wastewater. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 423:127228. [PMID: 34547689 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.127228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2021] [Revised: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 09/11/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The occurrence of viable but non-culturable (VBNC) bacteria in the wastewater system poses a huge threat to environmental and public health, in particular in hospital wastewater treatment system (HWTS). HWTS-oriented studies have been conducted to assess the effectiveness of chlorination and UV disinfection using indigenous bacteria. Results revealed that the VBNC Escherichia coli and ARGs remained persistent even at high chlorination (12 mg/L for 2.5 h) and UV doses (1000 mJ/cm2). The molecular mechanisms underlying chlorination-/UV-induced VBNC state in E. coli were explored through the transcriptomics and results suggested that most energy-dependent physiological activities (e.g., metabolism) have been suppressed in VBNC E. coli, while the pathogenicity-related genes varied insignificantly compared to the culturable cells, indicating that the VBNC E. coli could potentially display pathogenicity. Further Galleria mellonella model experiment has confirmed that although the disinfection-induced VBNC state made cells less infectious, these cells could regain their pathogenicity after resuscitation. This in vitro study can be used as a reference for studies on infections from VBNC bacteria and highlights the health risk due to VBNC pathogens in hospital effluents. There is a need to develop effluent standards specifically for healthcare facilities, and a stricter downstream disinfection strategy should be considered for the removal of VBNC cells and ARGs in the effluent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Zhu
- Department of Environmental Engineering, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences; Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Xinyi Shuai
- Department of Environmental Engineering, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences; Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Like Xu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath BA2 7AY, UK
| | - Yujie Sun
- Department of Environmental Engineering, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences; Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Zejun Lin
- Department of Environmental Engineering, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences; Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Zhenchao Zhou
- Department of Environmental Engineering, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences; Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Lingxuan Meng
- Department of Environmental Engineering, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences; Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Hong Chen
- Department of Environmental Engineering, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences; Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
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Prevalence of polymyxin resistance through the food chain, the global crisis. J Antibiot (Tokyo) 2022; 75:185-198. [PMID: 35079146 DOI: 10.1038/s41429-022-00502-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Revised: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 10/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance is one of the vital challenges facing global health today. Multi-drug resistant (MDR) infections are often treated with the narrow-spectrum drugs, colistin (polymyxin E) or polymyxin B, which are last-resort antibiotics for human therapeutics that are effective against Gram-negative bacteria. Unfortunately, resistance to these polymyxins has occurred because of selective pressure caused by the inappropriate use of those antibiotics, especially in farming. The mechanisms of resistance to polymyxins are mediated through intrinsic, mutational, or genetic alteration in chromosomal genes. The mechanism includes the regulatory network controlling chemical modifications of lipid A moiety of lipopolysaccharide, reducing the negative charge of lipid A and its affinity for polymyxins. Additionally, the unique mobile colistin/polymyxin B resistance (mcr) gene reported in Enterobacteriales is responsible for the horizontal dissemination of resistance to polymyxins via the food chain. There is now an urgent need to increase surveillance for detecting resistance to polymyxins. Therefore, this review presents an overview of presently available scientific literature on the mechanism of resistance to polymyxins, with their associated gene variants, evaluation methods, resistance transmission through the food chain via food bacteria, and related risk factors. We further focus on the significant implications of polymyxins usage in India and future views for food safety to preserve polymyxin activity.
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Majewski P, Gutowska A, Smith DGE, Hauschild T, Majewska P, Hryszko T, Gizycka D, Kedra B, Kochanowicz J, Glowiński J, Drewnowska J, Swiecicka I, Sacha PT, Wieczorek P, Iwaniuk D, Sulewska A, Charkiewicz R, Makarewicz K, Zebrowska A, Czaban S, Radziwon P, Niklinski J, Tryniszewska EA. Plasmid Mediated mcr-1.1 Colistin-Resistance in Clinical Extraintestinal Escherichia coli Strains Isolated in Poland. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:547020. [PMID: 34956105 PMCID: PMC8703133 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.547020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives: The growing incidence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria is an inexorable and fatal challenge in modern medicine. Colistin is a cationic polypeptide considered a “last-resort” antimicrobial for treating infections caused by MDR Gram-negative bacterial pathogens. Plasmid-borne mcr colistin resistance emerged recently, and could potentially lead to essentially untreatable infections, particularly in hospital and veterinary (livestock farming) settings. In this study, we sought to establish the molecular basis of colistin-resistance in six extraintestinal Escherichia coli strains. Methods: Molecular investigation of colistin-resistance was performed in six extraintestinal E. coli strains isolated from patients hospitalized in Medical University Hospital, Bialystok, Poland. Complete structures of bacterial chromosomes and plasmids were recovered with use of both short- and long-read sequencing technologies and Unicycler hybrid assembly. Moreover, an electrotransformation assay was performed in order to confirm IncX4 plasmid influence on colistin-resistance phenotype in clinical E. coli strains. Results: Here we report on the emergence of six mcr-1.1-producing extraintestinal E. coli isolates with a number of virulence factors. Mobile pEtN transferase-encoding gene, mcr-1.1, has been proved to be encoded within a type IV secretion system (T4SS)-containing 33.3 kbp IncX4 plasmid pMUB-MCR, next to the PAP2-like membrane-associated lipid phosphatase gene. Conclusion: IncX4 mcr-containing plasmids are reported as increasingly disseminated among E. coli isolates, making it an “epidemic” plasmid, responsible for (i) dissemination of colistin-resistance determinants between different E. coli clones, and (ii) circulation between environmental, industrial, and clinical settings. Great effort needs to be taken to avoid further dissemination of plasmid-mediated colistin resistance among clinically relevant Gram-negative bacterial pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piotr Majewski
- Department of Microbiological Diagnostics and Infectious Immunology, Medical University of Białystok, Białystok, Poland
| | - Anna Gutowska
- Department of Microbiological Diagnostics and Infectious Immunology, Medical University of Białystok, Białystok, Poland
| | - David G E Smith
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Biophysics and Bioengineering, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Tomasz Hauschild
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biology, University of Białystok, Białystok, Poland
| | | | - Tomasz Hryszko
- Second Department of Nephrology and Hypertension with Dialysis Unit, Medical University of Białystok, Białystok, Poland
| | - Dominika Gizycka
- Department of Microbiological Diagnostics and Infectious Immunology, Medical University of Białystok, Białystok, Poland
| | - Boguslaw Kedra
- Second Department of General and Gastroenterological Surgery, Medical University of Białystok, Białystok, Poland
| | - Jan Kochanowicz
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Białystok, Białystok, Poland
| | - Jerzy Glowiński
- Department of Vascular Surgery and Transplantation, Medical University of Białystok, Białystok, Poland
| | - Justyna Drewnowska
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biology, University of Białystok, Białystok, Poland
| | - Izabela Swiecicka
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biology, University of Białystok, Białystok, Poland
| | - Pawel T Sacha
- Department of Microbiological Diagnostics and Infectious Immunology, Medical University of Białystok, Białystok, Poland
| | - Piotr Wieczorek
- Department of Microbiological Diagnostics and Infectious Immunology, Medical University of Białystok, Białystok, Poland
| | - Dominika Iwaniuk
- Department of Microbiological Diagnostics and Infectious Immunology, Medical University of Białystok, Białystok, Poland
| | - Anetta Sulewska
- Department of Clinical Molecular Biology, Medical University of Białystok, Białystok, Poland
| | - Radoslaw Charkiewicz
- Department of Clinical Molecular Biology, Medical University of Białystok, Białystok, Poland
| | | | | | - Slawomir Czaban
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Medical University of Białystok, Białystok, Poland
| | - Piotr Radziwon
- Regional Centre for Transfusion Medicine, Białystok, Poland.,Department of Hematology, Medical University of Białystok, Białystok, Poland
| | - Jacek Niklinski
- Department of Clinical Molecular Biology, Medical University of Białystok, Białystok, Poland
| | - Elzbieta A Tryniszewska
- Department of Microbiological Diagnostics and Infectious Immunology, Medical University of Białystok, Białystok, Poland
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Zhang S, Abbas M, Rehman MU, Wang M, Jia R, Chen S, Liu M, Zhu D, Zhao X, Gao Q, Tian B, Cheng A. Updates on the global dissemination of colistin-resistant Escherichia coli: An emerging threat to public health. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 799:149280. [PMID: 34364270 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.149280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Revised: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Colistin drug resistance is an emerging public health threat worldwide. The adaptability, existence and spread of colistin drug resistance in multiple reservoirs and ecological environmental settings is significantly increasing the rate of occurrence of multidrug resistant (MDR) bacteria such as Escherichia coli (E. coli). Here, we summarized the reports regarding molecular and biological characterization of mobile colistin resistance gene (mcr)-positive E. coli (MCRPEC), originating from diverse reservoirs, including but not limited to humans, environment, waste water treatment plants, wild, pets, and food producing animals. The MCRPEC revealed the abundance of clinically important resistance genes, which are responsible for MDR profile. A number of plasmid replicon types such as IncI2, IncX4, IncP, IncX, and IncFII with a predominance of IncI2 were facilitating the spread of colistin resistance. This study concludes the distribution of multiple sequence types of E. coli carrying mcr gene variants, which are possible threat to "One Health" perspective. In addition, we have briefly explained the newly known mechanisms of colistin resistance i.e. plasmid-encoded resistance determinant as well as presented the chromosomally-encoded resistance mechanisms. The transposition of ISApl1 into the chromosome and existence of intact Tn6330 are important for transmission and stability for mcr gene. Further, genetic environment of co-localized mcr gene with carbapenem-resistance or extended-spectrum β-lactamases genes has also been elaborated, which is limiting human beings to choose last resort antibiotics. Finally, environmental health and safety control measures along with spread mechanisms of mcr genes are discussed to avoid further propagation and environmental hazards of colistin resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaqiu Zhang
- Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China; Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China; Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China
| | - Muhammad Abbas
- Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China; Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China; Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China; Livestock and Dairy Development Department Lahore, Punjab 54000, Pakistan
| | - Mujeeb Ur Rehman
- Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China; Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China; Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China; Disease Investigation Laboratory, Livestock & Dairy Development Department, Zhob 85200, Balochistan, Pakistan
| | - Mingshu Wang
- Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China; Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China; Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China
| | - Renyong Jia
- Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China; Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China; Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China
| | - Shun Chen
- Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China; Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China; Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China
| | - Mafeng Liu
- Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China; Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China; Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China
| | - Dekang Zhu
- Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China; Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China
| | - Xinxin Zhao
- Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China; Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China; Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China
| | - Qun Gao
- Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China; Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China; Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China
| | - Bin Tian
- Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China; Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China; Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China
| | - Anchun Cheng
- Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China; Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China; Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China.
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11
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Valiakos G, Kapna I. Colistin Resistant mcr Genes Prevalence in Livestock Animals (Swine, Bovine, Poultry) from a Multinational Perspective. A Systematic Review. Vet Sci 2021; 8:265. [PMID: 34822638 PMCID: PMC8619609 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci8110265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 10/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of this review is to collect and present the results of relevant studies on an international level, on the subject of colistin resistance due to mcr genes prevalence in livestock animals. After a literature search, and using PRISMA guidelines principles, a total of 40 swine, 16 bovine and 31 poultry studies were collected concerning mcr-1 gene; five swine, three bovine and three poultry studies referred to mcr-2 gene; eight swine, one bovine, two poultry studies were about mcr-3 gene; six swine, one bovine and one poultry manuscript studied mcr-4 gene; five swine manuscripts studied mcr-5 gene; one swine manuscript was about mcr-6, mcr-7, mcr-8, mcr-9 genes and one poultry study about mcr-10 gene was found. Information about colistin resistance in bacteria derived from animals and animal product foods is still considered limited and that should be continually enhanced; most of the information about clinical isolates are relative to enteropathogens Escherichia coli and Salmonella spp. This review demonstrates the widespread dispersion of mcr genes to livestock animals, indicating the need to further increase measures to control this important threat for public health issue.
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Affiliation(s)
- George Valiakos
- Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Thessaly, 43100 Karditsa, Greece;
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12
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Cherak Z, Loucif L, Moussi A, Rolain JM. Epidemiology of mobile colistin resistance (mcr) genes in aquatic environments. J Glob Antimicrob Resist 2021; 27:51-62. [PMID: 34438108 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgar.2021.07.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Revised: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 07/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Colistin is one of the last-line therapies against multidrug-resistant Gram-negative pathogens, especially carbapenemase-producing isolates, making resistance to this compound a major global public-health crisis. Until recently, colistin resistance in Gram-negative bacteria was known to arise only by chromosomal mutations. However, a plasmid-mediated colistin resistance mechanism was described in late 2015. This mechanism is encoded by different mobile colistin resistance (mcr) genes that encode phosphoethanolamine (pEtN) transferases. These enzymes catalyse the addition of a pEtN moiety to lipid A in the bacterial outer membrane leading to colistin resistance. MCR-producing Gram-negative bacteria have been largely disseminated worldwide. However, their environmental dissemination has been underestimated. Indeed, water environments act as a connecting medium between different environments, allowing them to play a crucial role in the spread of antibiotic resistance between the natural environment and humans and other animals. For a better understanding of the role of such environments as reservoirs and/or dissemination routes of mcr genes, this review discusses primarily the various water habitats contributing to the spread of antibiotic resistance. Thereafter, we provide an overview of existing knowledge regarding the global epidemiology of mcr genes in water environments. This review confirms the global distribution of mcr genes in several water environments, including wastewater from different origins, surface water and tap water, making these environments reservoirs and dissemination routes of concern for this resistance mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zineb Cherak
- Laboratoire de Génétique, Biotechnologie et Valorisation des Bio-ressources (GBVB), Faculté des Sciences Exactes et des Sciences de la Nature et de la Vie, Université Mohamed Khider, Biskra, Algeria
| | - Lotfi Loucif
- Laboratoire de Biotechnologie des Molécules Bioactives et de la Physiopathologie Cellulaire (LBMBPC), Département de Microbiologie et de Biochimie, Faculté des Sciences de la Nature et de la Vie, Université de Batna 2, Batna, Algeria.
| | - Abdelhamid Moussi
- Laboratoire de Génétique, Biotechnologie et Valorisation des Bio-ressources (GBVB), Faculté des Sciences Exactes et des Sciences de la Nature et de la Vie, Université Mohamed Khider, Biskra, Algeria
| | - Jean-Marc Rolain
- Aix-Marseille Université, IRD, MEPHI, Faculté de Médecine et de Pharmacie, Marseille, France; IHU Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France; Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Marseille, Marseille, France
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13
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Antibiotic-resistant bacteria, antibiotic resistance genes, and antibiotic residues in wastewater from a poultry slaughterhouse after conventional and advanced treatments. Sci Rep 2021; 11:16622. [PMID: 34404868 PMCID: PMC8371126 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-96169-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Slaughterhouse wastewater is considered a reservoir for antibiotic-resistant bacteria and antibiotic residues, which are not sufficiently removed by conventional treatment processes. This study focuses on the occurrence of ESKAPE bacteria (Enterococcus spp., S. aureus, K. pneumoniae, A. baumannii, P. aeruginosa, Enterobacter spp.), ESBL (extended-spectrum β-lactamase)-producing E. coli, antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) and antibiotic residues in wastewater from a poultry slaughterhouse. The efficacy of conventional and advanced treatments (i.e., ozonation) of the in-house wastewater treatment plant regarding their removal was also evaluated. Target culturable bacteria were detected only in the influent and effluent after conventional treatment. High abundances of genes (e.g., blaTEM, blaCTX-M-15, blaCTX-M-32, blaOXA-48, blaCMY and mcr-1) of up to 1.48 × 106 copies/100 mL were detected in raw influent. All of them were already significantly reduced by 1–4.2 log units after conventional treatment. Following ozonation, mcr-1 and blaCTX-M-32 were further reduced below the limit of detection. Antibiotic residues were detected in 55.6% (n = 10/18) of the wastewater samples. Despite the significant reduction through conventional and advanced treatments, effluents still exhibited high concentrations of some ARGs (e.g., sul1, ermB and blaOXA-48), ranging from 1.75 × 102 to 3.44 × 103 copies/100 mL. Thus, a combination of oxidative, adsorptive and membrane-based technologies should be considered.
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14
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Anan MMG, El-Seidi EA, Mostafa MS, Rashed LA, El-Wakil DM. Detection of Plasmid-Mediated Mobile Colistin Resistance Gene ( mcr-1) in Enterobacterales Isolates from a University Hospital. Infect Drug Resist 2021; 14:3063-3070. [PMID: 34408450 PMCID: PMC8364850 DOI: 10.2147/idr.s318787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 07/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Colistin represents one of the last treatment options for infections caused by multi-drug resistant (MDR) Enterobacterales. The emergence of a plasmid-mediated mobile colistin resistance-1 (mcr-1) gene has raised serious concerns about its potential dissemination among bacteria. METHODS In this study, we evaluated the chromogenic medium, CHROMID® Colistin Resistance (COLR) agar, for the rapid detection of colistin-resistant Enterobacterales using broth microdilution (BMD) as a reference method. We also attempted to detect mcr-1, -2, -3, -4, and -5 genes, as well as the insertion sequence ISApl1 via polymerase chain reaction (PCR), followed by sequencing of mcr gene(s). RESULTS Among the 100 studied Enterobacterales isolates, 53% of them were colistin-resistant, with higher rate among Klebsiella pneumoniae (75%) as compared to Escherichia coli (44.4%). The COLR agar showed 83.2% sensitivity and 97.9% specificity for the detection of colistin resistance. Among colistin-resistant isolates, mcr-1 gene was only detected in four (7.5%) E. coli isolates. The ISApl1 was not found among mcr-1 positive isolates. Sequencing of mcr-1 gene revealed nucleotide sequence homogeneity with the wild-type mcr-1 gene in BLAST. CONCLUSION The COLR agar is a promising phenotypic method for the detection of colistin-resistant Enterobacterales. Multiplex PCR followed by sequencing can be used for mcr genes' detection and characterization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mera Mohammed Galal Anan
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Eman Ahmed El-Seidi
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Marwa Salah Mostafa
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Laila Ahmed Rashed
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Doaa Mahdy El-Wakil
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
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15
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Hu Y, Fanning S, Nguyen SV, Wang W, Liu C, Cui X, Dong Y, Gan X, Xu J, Li F. Emergence of a Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium ST34 isolate, CFSA629, carrying a novel mcr-1.19 variant cultured from egg in China. J Antimicrob Chemother 2021; 76:1776-1785. [PMID: 33822965 DOI: 10.1093/jac/dkab090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2020] [Accepted: 02/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aimed to characterize the genomic features of a Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium ST34 isolate, CFSA629, which carried a novel mcr-1 variant, designated as mcr-1.19, mapped to an ESBL-encoding IncHI2 plasmid. METHODS Antimicrobial susceptibility assays as well as WGS were carried out on isolate CFSA629. The complete closed genome was obtained and then explored to obtain genomic features. Plasmid sequence comparison was performed for pCFSA629 with similar plasmids and the mcr-1 genetic environment was analysed. RESULTS S. Typhimurium ST34 CFSA629 expressed an MDR phenotype to six classes of compound and consisted of a single circular chromosome and one plasmid. It possessed 11 resistance genes including 2 ESBL genes that mapped to the chromosome and the plasmid; an IS26-flanked composite-like transposon was identified. A novel mcr-1 variant (mcr-1.19) was identified, which had a unique SNP (G1534A) that gave rise to a novel MCR-1 protein containing a Val512Ile amino acid substitution. Plasmid pCFSA629 possessed a conjugative plasmid transfer gene cluster as well as an antimicrobial resistance-encoding gene cluster-containing region that contained two IS26 composite-like transposonal modules, but was devoid of any plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance genes. The background of mcr-1.19 consisted of an ISApl1-mcr-1-PAP2-ter module. CONCLUSIONS We report on an MDR S. Typhimurium ST34 CFSA629 isolate cultured from egg in China, harbouring an mcr-1.19 variant mapped to an IncHI2 plasmid. This highlights the importance of surveillance to mitigate dissemination of mcr-encoding genes among foodborne Salmonella. Improved surveillance is important for tackling the dissemination of mcr genes among foodborne Salmonella around the world.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujie Hu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Food Safety Risk Assessment, Food Safety Research Unit (2019RU014) of Chinese Academy of Medical Science, China National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment, Beijing, China.,UCD-Centre for Food Safety, School of Public Health, Physiotherapy and Population Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Séamus Fanning
- NHC Key Laboratory of Food Safety Risk Assessment, Food Safety Research Unit (2019RU014) of Chinese Academy of Medical Science, China National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment, Beijing, China.,UCD-Centre for Food Safety, School of Public Health, Physiotherapy and Population Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland.,Institute for Global Food Security, School of Biological Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Chlorine Gardens, Belfast, UK
| | - Scott V Nguyen
- UCD-Centre for Food Safety, School of Public Health, Physiotherapy and Population Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Wei Wang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Food Safety Risk Assessment, Food Safety Research Unit (2019RU014) of Chinese Academy of Medical Science, China National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment, Beijing, China
| | - Chang Liu
- Food Science and Engineering College, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Xinnan Cui
- Food Science and Engineering College, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China.,China Center of Industrial Culture Collection, China National Research Institute of Food and Fermentation Industries, Beijing, China
| | - Yinping Dong
- NHC Key Laboratory of Food Safety Risk Assessment, Food Safety Research Unit (2019RU014) of Chinese Academy of Medical Science, China National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment, Beijing, China.,UCD-Centre for Food Safety, School of Public Health, Physiotherapy and Population Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Xin Gan
- NHC Key Laboratory of Food Safety Risk Assessment, Food Safety Research Unit (2019RU014) of Chinese Academy of Medical Science, China National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment, Beijing, China
| | - Jin Xu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Food Safety Risk Assessment, Food Safety Research Unit (2019RU014) of Chinese Academy of Medical Science, China National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment, Beijing, China
| | - Fengqin Li
- NHC Key Laboratory of Food Safety Risk Assessment, Food Safety Research Unit (2019RU014) of Chinese Academy of Medical Science, China National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment, Beijing, China
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16
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Hu Y, Nguyen SV, Wang W, Gan X, Dong Y, Liu C, Cui X, Xu J, Li F, Fanning S. Antimicrobial Resistance and Genomic Characterization of Two mcr-1-Harboring Foodborne Salmonella Isolates Recovered in China, 2016. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:636284. [PMID: 34211439 PMCID: PMC8239406 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.636284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2020] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The mcr-1 gene mediating mobile colistin resistance in Escherichia coli was first reported in China in 2016 followed by reports among different species worldwide, especially in E. coli and Klebsiella. However, data on its transmission in Salmonella are still lacking. This study analyzed the antimicrobial resistance (AMR) profiles and the mcr-1 gene presence in 755 foodborne Salmonella from 26 provinces of mainland, China in 2016. Genomic features of two mcr-1-carrying isolates, genome sequencing, serotypes and further resistance profiles were studied. Among the 755 Salmonella tested, 72.6% were found to be resistant to at least one antimicrobial agent and 10% were defined as multi-drug resistant (MDR). Salmonella Derby CFSA231 and Salmonella Typhimurium CFSA629 were mcr-1-harboring isolates. Both expressed an MDR phenotype and included a single circular chromosome and one plasmid. Among the 22 AMR genes identified in S. Derby CFSA231, only the mcr-1 gene was localized on the IncX4 type plasmid pCFSA231 while 20 chromosomal AMR genes, including four plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance (PMQR) genes, were mapped within a 64 kb Salmonella genomic island (SGI) like region. S. Typhimurium CFSA629 possessed 11 resistance genes including an mcr-1.19 variant and two ESBL genes. Two IS26-flanked composite-like transposons were identified. Additionally, 153 and 152 virulence factors were separately identified in these two isolates with secretion system and fimbrial adherence determinants as the dominant virulence classes. Our study extends our concern on mcr-1-carrying Salmonella in regards to antimicrobial resistance and virulence factors, and highlight the importance of surveillance to mitigate dissemination of mcr-encoding genes among foodborne Salmonella.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujie Hu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Food Safety Risk Assessment, Food Safety Research Unit (2019RU014) of Chinese Academy of Medical Science, China National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment, Beijing, China.,UCD-Centre for Food Safety, School of Public Health, Physiotherapy and Population Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Scott V Nguyen
- UCD-Centre for Food Safety, School of Public Health, Physiotherapy and Population Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.,Public Health Laboratory, District of Columbia Department of Forensic Sciences, Washington, DC, United States
| | - Wei Wang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Food Safety Risk Assessment, Food Safety Research Unit (2019RU014) of Chinese Academy of Medical Science, China National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment, Beijing, China
| | - Xin Gan
- NHC Key Laboratory of Food Safety Risk Assessment, Food Safety Research Unit (2019RU014) of Chinese Academy of Medical Science, China National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment, Beijing, China
| | - Yinping Dong
- NHC Key Laboratory of Food Safety Risk Assessment, Food Safety Research Unit (2019RU014) of Chinese Academy of Medical Science, China National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment, Beijing, China.,UCD-Centre for Food Safety, School of Public Health, Physiotherapy and Population Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Chang Liu
- Food Science and Engineering College, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Xinnan Cui
- Food Science and Engineering College, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China.,China Center of Industrial Culture Collection, China National Research Institute of Food and Fermentation Industries, Beijing, China
| | - Jin Xu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Food Safety Risk Assessment, Food Safety Research Unit (2019RU014) of Chinese Academy of Medical Science, China National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment, Beijing, China
| | - Fengqin Li
- NHC Key Laboratory of Food Safety Risk Assessment, Food Safety Research Unit (2019RU014) of Chinese Academy of Medical Science, China National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment, Beijing, China
| | - Séamus Fanning
- NHC Key Laboratory of Food Safety Risk Assessment, Food Safety Research Unit (2019RU014) of Chinese Academy of Medical Science, China National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment, Beijing, China.,UCD-Centre for Food Safety, School of Public Health, Physiotherapy and Population Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.,Institute for Global Food Security, School of Biological Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom
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17
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Hassen B, Abbassi MS, Ruiz-Ripa L, Mama OM, Ibrahim C, Benlabidi S, Hassen A, Torres C, Hammami S. Genetic characterization of extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae from a biological industrial wastewater treatment plant in Tunisia with detection of the colistin-resistance mcr-1 gene. FEMS Microbiol Ecol 2021; 97:5986610. [PMID: 33202005 DOI: 10.1093/femsec/fiaa231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
This study evaluated the occurrence of extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBL) and associated resistance genes, integrons, and plasmid types, as well as the genetic relatedness of enterobacterial isolates in the wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) of La Charguia, Tunis City (Tunisia). A total of 100 water samples were collected at different points of the sewage treatment process during 2017-2019. Antimicrobial susceptibility was conducted by the disc-diffusion method. blaCTX-M, blaTEM and blaSHV genes as well as those encoding non-β-lactam resistance, the plasmid types, occurrence of class1 integrons and phylogenetic groups of Escherichia coli isolates were determined by PCR/sequencing. Genomic relatedness was determined by multi-locus sequence typing (MLST) for selected isolates. In total, 57 ESBL-producer isolates were recovered (47 E. coli, eight Klebsiella pneumoniae, 1 of the Citrobacter freundii complex and 1 of the Enterobacter cloacae complex). The CTX-M-15 enzyme was the most frequently detected ESBL, followed by CTX-M-27, CTX-M-55 and SHV-12. One E. coli isolate harboured the mcr-1 gene. The following phylogroups/sequence types (STs) were identified among ESBL-producing E. coli isolates: B2/ST131 (subclade-C1), A/ST3221, A/ST8900, D/ST69, D/ST2142, D/ST38, B1/ST2460 and B1/ST6448. High numbers of isolates harboured the class 1 integrons with various gene cassette arrays as well as IncP-1 and IncFIB plasmids. Our findings confirm the importance of WWTPs as hotspot collectors of ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae with a high likelihood of spread to human and natural environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bilel Hassen
- Université de Tunis El Manar, Institut de la Recherche Vétérinaire de Tunisie, 20 rue Jebel Lakhdhar, Bab Saadoun, Tunis 1006, Tunisia
| | - Mohamed Salah Abbassi
- Université de Tunis El Manar, Institut de la Recherche Vétérinaire de Tunisie, 20 rue Jebel Lakhdhar, Bab Saadoun, Tunis 1006, Tunisia.,Université de Tunis El Manar, Faculté de Médecine de Tunis, Laboratoire de résistance aux antibiotiques LR99ES09, Tunisia
| | - Laura Ruiz-Ripa
- Departamento de Agricultura y Alimentación, Universidad de La Rioja, 26006 Logroño, Spain
| | - Olouwafemi M Mama
- Departamento de Agricultura y Alimentación, Universidad de La Rioja, 26006 Logroño, Spain
| | - Chourouk Ibrahim
- Laboratoire de Traitement et de Valorisation des rejets hydriques, Centre des Recherches et des Technologies des Eaux (CERTE), Technopole Borj-Cédria, BP 273, 8020, Soliman, Tunisia
| | - Saloua Benlabidi
- Université de Tunis El Manar, Institut de la Recherche Vétérinaire de Tunisie, 20 rue Jebel Lakhdhar, Bab Saadoun, Tunis 1006, Tunisia
| | - Abdennaceur Hassen
- Laboratoire de Traitement et de Valorisation des rejets hydriques, Centre des Recherches et des Technologies des Eaux (CERTE), Technopole Borj-Cédria, BP 273, 8020, Soliman, Tunisia
| | - Carmen Torres
- Departamento de Agricultura y Alimentación, Universidad de La Rioja, 26006 Logroño, Spain
| | - Salah Hammami
- Université de la Manouba, IRESA, École Nationale de Médecine Vétérinaire de Sidi Thabet, Sidi Thabet 2020, Sidi Thabet, Ariana, Tunisia
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18
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Delgado-Blas JF, Ovejero CM, David S, Montero N, Calero-Caceres W, Garcillan-Barcia MP, de la Cruz F, Muniesa M, Aanensen DM, Gonzalez-Zorn B. Population genomics and antimicrobial resistance dynamics of Escherichia coli in wastewater and river environments. Commun Biol 2021; 4:457. [PMID: 33846529 PMCID: PMC8041779 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-021-01949-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Aquatic environments are key niches for the emergence, evolution and dissemination of antimicrobial resistance. However, the population diversity and the genetic elements that drive the dynamics of resistant bacteria in different aquatic environments are still largely unknown. The aim of this study was to understand the population genomics and evolutionary events of Escherichia coli resistant to clinically important antibiotics including aminoglycosides, in anthropogenic and natural water ecosystems. Here we show that less different E. coli sequence types (STs) are identified in wastewater than in rivers, albeit more resistant to antibiotics, and with significantly more plasmids/cell (6.36 vs 3.72). However, the genomic diversity within E. coli STs in both aquatic environments is similar. Wastewater environments favor the selection of conserved chromosomal structures associated with diverse flexible plasmids, unraveling promiscuous interplasmidic resistance genes flux. On the contrary, the key driver for river E. coli adaptation is a mutable chromosome along with few plasmid types shared between diverse STs harboring a limited resistance gene content.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose F Delgado-Blas
- Antimicrobial Resistance Unit (ARU), Animal Health Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and VISAVET Health Surveillance Centre, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Cristina M Ovejero
- Antimicrobial Resistance Unit (ARU), Animal Health Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and VISAVET Health Surveillance Centre, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Sophia David
- Centre for Genomic Pathogen Surveillance (CGPS), Wellcome Sanger Institute, Hinxton, UK
| | - Natalia Montero
- Antimicrobial Resistance Unit (ARU), Animal Health Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and VISAVET Health Surveillance Centre, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - William Calero-Caceres
- Department of Genetics, Microbiology and Statistics, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- UTA RAM One Health, Faculty of Food Science, Engineering and Biotechnology, Technical University of Ambato, Ambato, Ecuador
| | - M Pilar Garcillan-Barcia
- Institute of Biomedicine and Biotechnology (IBBTEC), CSIC, University of Cantabria, Santander, Spain
| | - Fernando de la Cruz
- Institute of Biomedicine and Biotechnology (IBBTEC), CSIC, University of Cantabria, Santander, Spain
| | - Maite Muniesa
- Department of Genetics, Microbiology and Statistics, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - David M Aanensen
- Centre for Genomic Pathogen Surveillance (CGPS), Wellcome Sanger Institute, Hinxton, UK
| | - Bruno Gonzalez-Zorn
- Antimicrobial Resistance Unit (ARU), Animal Health Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and VISAVET Health Surveillance Centre, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain.
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Teng CH, Wu PC, Tang SL, Chen YC, Cheng MF, Huang PC, Ko WC, Wang JL. A Large Spatial Survey of Colistin-Resistant Gene mcr-1-Carrying E. coli in Rivers across Taiwan. Microorganisms 2021; 9:722. [PMID: 33807253 PMCID: PMC8066897 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9040722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2021] [Revised: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Colistin is one of the last-line antimicrobial agents against life-threatening infections. The distribution of the colistin resistance gene mcr-1 has been reported worldwide. However, most studies have focused on the distribution of mcr-1-positive bacteria in humans, animals, food, and sewage; few have focused on their distribution in natural environments. METHOD We conducted a large spatial survey of mcr-1-positive Escherichia coli at 119 sites in 48 rivers, covering the entire island of Taiwan. We investigated the relationship between the livestock or poultry density in the surveyed riverine area and the number of mcr-1-positive E. coli in the river water. We then sequenced and characterized the isolated mcr-1-positive plasmids. RESULTS Seven mcr-1 positive E. coli were isolated from 5.9% of the sampling sites. The mcr-1-positive sites correlated with high chicken and pig stocking densities but not human population density or other river parameters. Four of the mcr-1-positive E. coli strains harbored epidemic IncX4 plasmids, and three of them exhibited identical sequences with a size of 33,309 bp. One of the plasmids contained identical 33,309 bp sequences but carried an additional 5711-bp transposon (Tn3 family). To our knowledge, this is the first demonstration that mcr-1-carrying IncX4 plasmids can contain an insertion of such transposons. All mcr-1-positive isolates belonged to phylogenetic group A and harbored few known virulence genes. CONCLUSION This study showed a positive relationship between the number of mcr-1-positive sites and high livestock and poultry density. The sequencing analyses indicated that the epidemic plasmid in the mcr-1 isolates circulates not only in humans, animals, and food but also in the associated environments or natural habitats in Taiwan, suggesting that the surveillance of antibiotics-resistance genes for livestock or poultry farm quality control should include their associated environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ching-Hao Teng
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 704, Taiwan; (C.-H.T.); (Y.-C.C.)
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 704, Taiwan
- Center of Infectious Disease and Signaling Research, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 704, Taiwan
| | - Pin-Chieh Wu
- Department of Physical Examination Center, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung 813, Taiwan;
- Department of Nursing, Meiho University, Pingtung 912, Taiwan
| | - Sen-Lin Tang
- Biodiversity Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan;
| | - Yi-Chen Chen
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 704, Taiwan; (C.-H.T.); (Y.-C.C.)
| | - Ming-Fang Cheng
- Department of Pediatrics, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung 813, Taiwan;
- School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 112, Taiwan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Institute of Biotechnology and Chemical Engineering, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung 840, Taiwan
- Department of Nursing, Fooyin University, Kaohsiung 831, Taiwan
| | - Ping-Chih Huang
- Department of Cosmetics and Fashion Styling, Cheng-Shiu University, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan;
| | - Wen-Chien Ko
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Tainan 704, Taiwan;
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 704, Taiwan
| | - Jiun-Ling Wang
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Tainan 704, Taiwan;
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 704, Taiwan
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20
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El-Sayed Ahmed MAEG, Zhong LL, Shen C, Yang Y, Doi Y, Tian GB. Colistin and its role in the Era of antibiotic resistance: an extended review (2000-2019). Emerg Microbes Infect 2020; 9:868-885. [PMID: 32284036 PMCID: PMC7241451 DOI: 10.1080/22221751.2020.1754133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 342] [Impact Index Per Article: 85.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2019] [Revised: 03/28/2020] [Accepted: 04/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Increasing antibiotic resistance in multidrug-resistant (MDR) Gram-negative bacteria (MDR-GNB) presents significant health problems worldwide, since the vital available and effective antibiotics, including; broad-spectrum penicillins, fluoroquinolones, aminoglycosides, and β-lactams, such as; carbapenems, monobactam, and cephalosporins; often fail to fight MDR Gram-negative pathogens as well as the absence of new antibiotics that can defeat these "superbugs". All of these has prompted the reconsideration of old drugs such as polymyxins that were reckoned too toxic for clinical use. Only two polymyxins, polymyxin E (colistin) and polymyxin B, are currently commercially available. Colistin has re-emerged as a last-hope treatment in the mid-1990s against MDR Gram-negative pathogens due to the development of extensively drug-resistant GNB. Unfortunately, rapid global resistance towards colistin has emerged following its resurgence. Different mechanisms of colistin resistance have been characterized, including intrinsic, mutational, and transferable mechanisms.In this review, we intend to discuss the progress over the last two decades in understanding the alternative colistin mechanisms of action and different strategies used by bacteria to develop resistance against colistin, besides providing an update about what is previously recognized and what is novel concerning colistin resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Abd El-Gawad El-Sayed Ahmed
- Department of Microbiology, Zhongshan School of
Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of
China
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Diseases Control, Sun
Yat-sen University, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, People’s
Republic of China
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology,
Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Manufacturing, Misr University for Science
and Technology (MUST), Cairo, Egypt
| | - Lan-Lan Zhong
- Department of Microbiology, Zhongshan School of
Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of
China
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Diseases Control, Sun
Yat-sen University, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, People’s
Republic of China
| | - Cong Shen
- Department of Microbiology, Zhongshan School of
Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of
China
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Diseases Control, Sun
Yat-sen University, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, People’s
Republic of China
| | - Yongqiang Yang
- Department of Microbiology, Zhongshan School of
Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of
China
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Diseases Control, Sun
Yat-sen University, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, People’s
Republic of China
| | - Yohei Doi
- University of Pittsburgh School of
Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Infectious
Diseases, Fujita Health University, School of Medicine, Aichi,
Japan
| | - Guo-Bao Tian
- Department of Microbiology, Zhongshan School of
Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of
China
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Diseases Control, Sun
Yat-sen University, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, People’s
Republic of China
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21
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Li R, Chen K, Chan EWC, Chen S. Characterization of the stability and dynamics of Tn6330 in an Escherichia coli strain by nanopore long reads. J Antimicrob Chemother 2020; 74:1807-1811. [PMID: 30927434 DOI: 10.1093/jac/dkz117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2018] [Revised: 01/14/2019] [Accepted: 02/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The mcr-1 gene has been widely reported in both bacterial chromosomes and plasmids, while its stability in these genetic materials is not well understood. OBJECTIVES Our aim was to characterize the stability and dynamics of Tn6330 elements in both a plasmid and the chromosome in a single bacterial population. METHODS Plasmid-borne and chromosomal Tn6330 were characterized by PCR, conjugation, S1-PFGE, stability assay, single-molecule long-read sequencing and bioinformatics analysis. RESULTS Tn6330 was simultaneously detected in both a plasmid and the chromosome of a clinical Escherichia coli strain. The plasmid was found to comprise the IncFIB replicon and a phage-like replicon, as well as two integrons that harboured various mobile elements and resistance genes including mcr-1, floR, blaTEM-1b and strAB. Both plasmid-borne and chromosomal Tn6330 transposons could be re-organized into a circular intermediate that played a role in transmission of the mcr-1 gene. Tn6330 was found to be very stable in both the plasmid and chromosome after 30 passages of 12 h with or without colistin selective pressure. The decayed structure of Tn6330 in the genuine single DNA molecules of bacterial populations, although occurring at a very low frequency, could be detected for the first time, in which Tn6330 was degraded into a single ISApl1 element. CONCLUSIONS Long-read sequencing technology is a good tool to study the evolution and stability of genetic elements in bacteria. The ultrastability of an mcr-1-encoding element in a bacterial plasmid and chromosome renders it unlikely to be eradicated quickly by the reduced use of colistin, and factors leading to the frequent demise of Tn6330 warrant further studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruichao Li
- Shenzhen Key Lab for Food Biological Safety Control, Food Safety and Technology Research Center, Hong Kong PolyU Shen Zhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, PR China.,The State Key Lab of Chirosciences, Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR.,Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province, PR China.,Institute of Comparative Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province, PR China
| | - Kaichao Chen
- Shenzhen Key Lab for Food Biological Safety Control, Food Safety and Technology Research Center, Hong Kong PolyU Shen Zhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, PR China.,The State Key Lab of Chirosciences, Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR
| | - Edward Wai-Chi Chan
- Shenzhen Key Lab for Food Biological Safety Control, Food Safety and Technology Research Center, Hong Kong PolyU Shen Zhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, PR China.,The State Key Lab of Chirosciences, Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR
| | - Sheng Chen
- Shenzhen Key Lab for Food Biological Safety Control, Food Safety and Technology Research Center, Hong Kong PolyU Shen Zhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, PR China.,The State Key Lab of Chirosciences, Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR
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22
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Yacouba A, Olowo-okere A. Global trends and current status in colistin resistance research: a bibliometric analysis (1973-2019). F1000Res 2020; 9:856. [PMID: 33456760 PMCID: PMC7786423 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.25124.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Colistin resistance is a major breach in our last line of defense and without urgent action, we are heading for a post-antibiotic era, in which common infections and minor injuries can once again kill. To the best of our knowledge, the use of the bibliometric analytical technique for examining colistin resistance-related research does not exist in the literature. Methods: Here, we analyze and present bibliometric indicators of the global literature in colistin resistance research. The Scopus database was searched for articles on colistin resistance. The articles retrieved were analyzed using the bibliometrix R-package. Results: A total of 1105 publications were retrieved. There was a noticeable increase in the number of publications on colistin resistance research in the past decade. Six journals made up the core zone in colistin research and produced 35.83% of the published articles. The analysis across time-intervals revealed several keywords that had increased or decreased in usage when comparing the interval between 1973-2009 and 2010-2019. Authors' keywords "Acinetobacter baumanii", and " Pseudomonas aeruginosa" were the most frequent encountered during the period of 1973-2009, while " mcr-1", " Enterobacteriaceae", " Escherichia coli", and " Klebsiella pneumoniae" emerged in the past decade. Conclusions: There has been a significant growth in publications on colistin resistance in the past decade, suggesting an urgent need for action by different stakeholders to contain this threat of colistin resistance. Keyword analysis revealed temporal changes in the types of keywords used across time-intervals. These findings summarize a general vision on colistin resistance research and will serve as baseline data for future comparative purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ahmed Olowo-okere
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto, Nigeria
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23
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Cha MH, Ryu JG, Chi YM, Woo GJ. Characterization of Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamase-Producing Escherichia coli Isolated from Fresh Produce and Agricultural Environments in Korea. J Food Prot 2020; 83:1115-1124. [PMID: 32083678 DOI: 10.4315/jfp-19-483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2019] [Accepted: 02/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT This study was conducted to characterize Escherichia coli strains and evaluate the spread of antimicrobial resistance among these strains from fresh produce and farm environments in Korea. We then conducted phenotypic and genetic studies on antimicrobial-resistant isolates. We determined the genetic epidemiological characteristics of isolates that produced extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) and confirmed plasmid transfer in isolates that carried blaCTX-M-type genes. E. coli strains were isolated from 8 samples of fresh produce and 152 samples from the farm environment collected from May 2014 to June 2016. Cephalosporin resistance was the most prevalent (61.8%) type of resistance among the isolates. Five ESBL-producing strains with high genetic homology with E. coli of human or livestock origin were identified. Lateral transfer of plasmids harboring blaCTX-M-type genes to transconjugants was successful. Two isolates from Chinese cabbage and from water samples collected from a nearby stream harbored the ISEcp1-blaCTX-M-55-orf477 operon and were confirmed as sequence type 1196 and the same type of plasmid replicon, suggesting that cross-contamination was highly likely. A high-risk clone of sequence type 69 (clonal complex 69) isolates was also recovered from the farm environment. This study provides genetic evidence that antimicrobial resistance factors in E. coli from farm environments originate in the clinic or in livestock, highlighting the fact that good agricultural practices in farming are important to inhibit the spread of antimicrobial resistance to bacteria on fresh produce. HIGHLIGHTS
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Affiliation(s)
- Min-Hyeok Cha
- Laboratory of Food Safety and Evaluation, Department of Biotechnology, Graduate School, Korea University Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Division of Food Microbiology, National Institute of Food and Drug Safety Evaluation, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Gee Ryu
- Microbial Safety Team, National Academy of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration, Wanju, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Min Chi
- Division of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Gun-Jo Woo
- Laboratory of Food Safety and Evaluation, Department of Biotechnology, Graduate School, Korea University Seoul, Republic of Korea
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24
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Fuentes-Castillo D, Esposito F, Cardoso B, Dalazen G, Moura Q, Fuga B, Fontana H, Cerdeira L, Dropa M, Rottmann J, González-Acuña D, Catão-Dias JL, Lincopan N. Genomic data reveal international lineages of critical priority Escherichia coli harbouring wide resistome in Andean condors (Vultur gryphus Linnaeus, 1758). Mol Ecol 2020; 29:1919-1935. [PMID: 32335957 DOI: 10.1111/mec.15455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2019] [Revised: 04/01/2020] [Accepted: 04/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Critical priority pathogens have globally disseminated beyond clinical settings, thereby threatening wildlife. Andean Condors (Vultur gryphus) are essential for ecosystem health and functioning, but their populations are globally near threatened and declining due to anthropogenic activities. During a microbiological and genomic surveillance study of critical priority antibiotic-resistant pathogens, we identified pandemic lineages of multidrug-resistant extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Escherichia coli colonizing Andean Condors admitted at two wildlife rehabilitation centres in South America. Genomic analysis revealed the presence of genes encoding resistance to hospital and healthcare agents among international E. coli clones belonging to sequence types (STs) ST162, ST602, ST1196 and ST1485. In this regard, the resistome included genes conferring resistance to clinically important cephalosporins (i.e., CTX-M-14, CTX-M-55 and CTX-M-65 ESBL genes), heavy metals (arsenic, mercury, lead, cadmium, copper, silver), pesticides (glyphosate) and domestic/hospital disinfectants, suggesting a link with anthropogenic environmental pollution. On the other hand, the presence of virulence factors, including the astA gene associated with outbreak of childhood diarrhoea and extra-intestinal disease in animals, was identified, whereas virulent behaviour was confirmed using the Galleria mellonella infection model. E. coli ST162, ST602, ST1196 and ST1485 have been previously identified in humans and food-producing animals worldwide, indicating that a wide resistome could contribute to rapid adaptation and dissemination of these clones at the human-animal-environment interface. Therefore, these results highlight that Andean Condors have been colonized by critical priority pathogens, becoming potential environmental reservoirs and/or vectors for dissemination of virulent and antimicrobial-resistant bacteria and/or their genes, in associated ecosystems and wildlife.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danny Fuentes-Castillo
- Department of Pathology, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, University of São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Esposito
- Department of Clinical Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Brenda Cardoso
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Gislaine Dalazen
- Department of Pathology, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, University of São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Quézia Moura
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Bruna Fuga
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Herrison Fontana
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Louise Cerdeira
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Milena Dropa
- School of Public Health, University of São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Daniel González-Acuña
- Department of Animal Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, University of Concepción, Chillán, Chile
| | - José L Catão-Dias
- Department of Pathology, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, University of São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Nilton Lincopan
- Department of Clinical Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil.,Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
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Tang L, Shen W, Zhang Z, Zhang J, Wang G, Xiang L, She J, Hu X, Zou G, Zhu B, Zhou Y. Whole-Genome Analysis of Two Copies of bla NDM-1 Gene Carrying Acinetobacter johnsonii Strain Acsw19 Isolated from Sichuan, China. Infect Drug Resist 2020; 13:855-865. [PMID: 32273730 PMCID: PMC7106997 DOI: 10.2147/idr.s236200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2019] [Accepted: 03/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose To characterize the genetic feature of the carbapenems resistant Acinetobacter johnsonii strain Acsw19 isolated from municipal sludge. This strain was found to carry two copies of bla NDM-1, cmlB1-like gene, and bla OXA-211-like gene along with other 8 antimicrobial resistance genes, 3 plasmids, 15 genomic islands and 8 prophages. Methods A carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter johnsonii strain Acsw19 isolated from municipal sludge was subjected to whole-genome sequencing (WGS) via the PacBio and Illumina MiSeq platforms. Thereafter, the characteristic was analyzed by a series of bioinformatics software. Results The results showed that the genome of Acsw19 was consisted of a 3,433,749 bp circular chromosome and 3 circular plasmids, pAcsw19-1 (11,161 bp), pAcsw19-2 (351,885 bp) and pAcsw19-3 (38,391bp), respectively. Resistome analysis showed that Acsw19 carried 12 antimicrobial resistance genes, including 6 [cmlB1-like, bla NDM-1, bla OXA-58, aph (3')-VIa, msr(E) and mph(E)] in the plasmid pAcsw19-2 and 6 (bla OXA-211-like, bla NDM-1, aph(3")-Ib, aph(6)-Id, sul2, and floR) in the chromosome genome. Specifically, the cmlB1-like gene shared 86.33%, 71.7% and 71.9% similarities with the cmlB1, cmlA4 and cmlA8 gene, and the bla OXA-211-like gene shared 94.4%, 95.39% and 96.36% similarities with bla OXA-211, bla OXA-643 and bla OXA-652, at the nucleotide level, respectively. Phylogenetic analysis showed that the bla OXA-211-like gene and cmlB1-like gene had the closest evolutionary relationship with bla OXA-643 and cmlB1, respectively. These results indicated that the bla OXA-211-like and cmlB1-like genes identified in the current study should be the novel variant resistance genes. Conclusion Carrying of two copies of bla NDM-1, cmlB1-like, bla OXA-211-like and along with other 8 antimicrobial resistance genes, 3 plasmids, 15 genomic islands and 8 prophages Acinetobacter johnsonii strain might increase the possibility of spreading of resistance genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingtong Tang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The People's Hospital of Gao County, Sichuan 644000, People's Republic of China.,Department of Pathogenic Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Shen
- Department of Pathogenic Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, People's Republic of China.,Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First People's Hospital of Yibin, Yibin 644000, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhikun Zhang
- Department of Pathogenic Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingping Zhang
- Department of Pathogenic Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Guangxi Wang
- Department of Pathogenic Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Xiang
- Department of Pathogenic Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Junping She
- Department of Pathogenic Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyan Hu
- Department of Pathogenic Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Guoyuan Zou
- Institute of Plant Nutrition and Resources, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Science, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Baoli Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology & Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yingshun Zhou
- Department of Pathogenic Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
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26
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Occurrence and Characteristics of Mobile Colistin Resistance ( mcr) Gene-Containing Isolates from the Environment: A Review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17031028. [PMID: 32041167 PMCID: PMC7036836 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17031028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2019] [Revised: 01/09/2020] [Accepted: 01/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
The emergence and spread of mobile colistin (COL) resistance (mcr) genes jeopardize the efficacy of COL, a last resort antibiotic for treating deadly infections. COL has been used in livestock for decades globally. Bacteria have mobilized mcr genes (mcr-1 to mcr-9). Mcr-gene-containing bacteria (MGCB) have disseminated by horizontal/lateral transfer into diverse ecosystems, including aquatic, soil, botanical, wildlife, animal environment, and public places. The mcr-1, mcr-2, mcr-3, mcr-5, mcr-7, and mcr-8 have been detected in isolates from and/or directly in environmental samples. These genes are harboured by Escherichia coli, Enterobacter, Klebsiella, Proteus, Salmonella, Citrobacter, Pseudomonas, Acinetobacter, Kluyvera, Aeromonas, Providencia, and Raulotella isolates. Different conjugative and non-conjugative plasmids form the backbones for mcr in these isolates, but mcr have also been integrated into the chromosome of some strains. Insertion sequences (IS) (especially ISApl1) located upstream or downstream of mcr, class 1–3 integrons, and transposons are other drivers of mcr in the environment. Genes encoding multi-/extensive-drug resistance and virulence are often co-located with mcr on plasmids in environmental isolates. Transmission of mcr to/among environmental strains is clonally unrestricted. Contact with the mcr-containing reservoirs, consumption of contaminated animal-/plant-based foods or water, international animal-/plant-based food trades and travel, are routes for transmission of MGCB.
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27
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Conjugative IncX1 Plasmid Harboring Colistin Resistance Gene mcr-5.1 in Escherichia coli Isolated from Chicken Rice Retailed in Singapore. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2019; 63:AAC.01043-19. [PMID: 31481439 DOI: 10.1128/aac.01043-19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
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28
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Lalaoui R, Djukovic A, Bakour S, Sanz J, Gonzalez-Barbera EM, Salavert M, López-Hontangas JL, Sanz MA, Xavier KB, Kuster B, Debrauwer L, Ubeda C, Rolain JM. Detection of plasmid-mediated colistin resistance, mcr-1 gene, in Escherichia coli isolated from high-risk patients with acute leukemia in Spain. J Infect Chemother 2019; 25:605-609. [PMID: 31023570 DOI: 10.1016/j.jiac.2019.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2018] [Revised: 03/07/2019] [Accepted: 03/12/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bacterial infections in immunocompromised patients are associated with a high mortality and morbidity rate. In this high-risk group, the presence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria, particularly bacteria that harbor a transferable antibiotic resistance gene, complicates the management of bacterial infections. In this study, we investigated the presence of the transferable colistin resistance mcr genes in patients with leukemia in Spain. METHODS 217 fecal samples collected in 2013-2015 from 56 patients with acute leukemia and colonized with MDR Enterobacteriaceae strains, were screened on September 2017 for the presence of the colistin resistance mcr genes (mcr-1 to -5) by multiplex PCR. mcr positive strains selected on LBJMR and MacConkey supplemented with colistin (2 μg/ml) media were phenotypically and molecularly characterized by antimicrobial susceptibility testing, minimum inhibitory concentration, multilocus sequence typing and plasmid characterization. RESULTS Among 217 fecal samples, 5 samples collected from 3 patients were positive for the presence of the mcr-1 colistin-resistance gene. Four Escherichia coli strains were isolated and exhibited resistance to colistin with MIC = 4 μg/ml. Other genes conferring the resistance to β-lactam antibiotics have also been identified in mcr-1 positive strains, including blaTEM-206 and blaTEM-98. Three different sequence types were identified, including ST1196, ST140 and ST10. Plasmid characterization allowed us to detect the mcr-1 colistin resistance gene on conjugative IncP plasmid type. CONCLUSION To the best of our knowledge, we have identified the mcr-1 gene for the first time in leukemia patients in Spain. In light of these results, strict measures have been implemented to prevent its dissemination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rym Lalaoui
- Aix Marseille Univ, IRD, APHM, MEPHI, Marseille, France; IHU-Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France
| | - Ana Djukovic
- Centro Superior de Investigación en Salud Pública - FISABIO, Valencia, Spain
| | - Sofiane Bakour
- Aix Marseille Univ, IRD, APHM, MEPHI, Marseille, France; IHU-Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France
| | - Jaime Sanz
- Department of Medicine, Hospital Universitari i Politecnic La Fe, University of Valencia, and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer, Instituto Carlos III, Valencia, Spain
| | | | | | | | - Miguel A Sanz
- Department of Medicine, Hospital Universitari i Politecnic La Fe, University of Valencia, and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer, Instituto Carlos III, Valencia, Spain
| | | | - Bernhard Kuster
- Chair of Proteomics and Bioanalytics, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany; Bavarian Center for Biomolecular Mass Spectrometry (BayBioMS), Technische Universität München, Gregor-Mendel-Strasse 4, 85354 Freising, Germany
| | - Laurent Debrauwer
- Toxalim, Université de Toulouse, INRA, INP-ENVT, INP-EI-Purpan, Université de Toulouse 3 Paul Sabatier, F-31027, Toulouse, France; Axiom Platform, UMR 1331 Toxalim, MetaToul-MetaboHUB, National Infrastructure of Metabolomics and Fluxomics, F-31027, Toulouse, France
| | - Carles Ubeda
- Centro Superior de Investigación en Salud Pública - FISABIO, Valencia, Spain; Centers of Biomedical Research Network (CIBER) in Epidemiology and Public Health, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jean-Marc Rolain
- Aix Marseille Univ, IRD, APHM, MEPHI, Marseille, France; IHU-Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France.
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Updated Prevalence of mcr-Like Genes among Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae in the SENTRY Program and Characterization of mcr-1.11 Variant. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2019; 63:AAC.02450-18. [PMID: 30917984 DOI: 10.1128/aac.02450-18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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30
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Lu X, Xiao X, Liu Y, Li Y, Li R, Wang Z. Chromosome-mediated mcr-1 in Escherichia coli strain L73 from a goose. Int J Antimicrob Agents 2019; 54:99-101. [PMID: 30851402 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2019.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2018] [Revised: 02/28/2019] [Accepted: 03/02/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Lu
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province, P. R. China
| | - Xia Xiao
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province, P. R. China
| | - Yuan Liu
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province, P. R. China; Institute of Comparative Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province, P. R. China
| | - Yan Li
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province, P. R. China
| | - Ruichao Li
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province, P. R. China; Institute of Comparative Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province, P. R. China.
| | - Zhiqiang Wang
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province, P. R. China.
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31
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Wang X, Wang Y, Zhou Y, Wang Z, Wang Y, Zhang S, Shen Z. Emergence of Colistin Resistance Gene mcr-8 and Its Variant in Raoultella ornithinolytica. Front Microbiol 2019; 10:228. [PMID: 30828324 PMCID: PMC6384272 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.00228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2018] [Accepted: 01/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently, a novel mobile colistin resistance gene, mcr-8, was identified in Klebsiella pneumoniae. Here, we report the identification of mcr-8 and its variant, mcr-8.4, in Raoultella ornithinolytica isolates which also belong to Enterobacteriaceae family. The mcr-8 gene was located on transferrable plasmids with difference sizes. Notably, the transferability of mcr-8-carrying plasmids was enhanced once they entered into Escherichia coli hosts and multiple β-lactamase genes could co-transfer with mcr-8. These findings expand our knowledge of mcr-8-carrying bacterial species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoming Wang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yao Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Detection Technology for Animal-Derived Food Safety, Beijing Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Ying Zhou
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Zheng Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Detection Technology for Animal-Derived Food Safety, Beijing Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yang Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Detection Technology for Animal-Derived Food Safety, Beijing Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Suxia Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Detection Technology for Animal-Derived Food Safety, Beijing Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhangqi Shen
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
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The co-transfer of plasmid-borne colistin-resistant genes mcr-1 and mcr-3.5, the carbapenemase gene bla NDM-5 and the 16S methylase gene rmtB from Escherichia coli. Sci Rep 2019; 9:696. [PMID: 30679636 PMCID: PMC6346057 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-37125-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2018] [Accepted: 11/30/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
We found an unusual Escherichia coli strain with resistance to colistin, carbapenem and amikacin from sewage. We therefore characterized the strain and determined the co-transfer of the resistance determinants. Whole genome sequencing was performed using both Illumina HiSeq X10 and MinION sequencers. Short and long reads were subjected to de novo hybrid assembly. Sequence type, antimicrobial resistance genes and plasmid replicons were identified from the genome sequences. Phylogenetic analysis of all IncHI2 plasmids carrying mcr-1 available in GenBank was performed based on core genes. Conjugation experiments were performed. mcr-3.5 was cloned into E. coli DH5α. The strain belonged to ST410, a type with a global distribution. Two colistin-resistant genes, mcr-1.1 and mcr-3.5, a carbapenemase gene blaNDM-5, and a 16S methylase gene rmtB were identified on different plasmids of IncHI2(ST3)/IncN, IncP, IncX3 and IncFII, respectively. All of the four plasmids were self-transmissible and mcr-1.1, mcr-3.5, blaNDM-5 and rmtB were transferred together. mcr-1-carrying IncHI2 plasmids belonged to several sequence types with ST3 and ST4 being predominant. MIC of colistin (4 μg/ml) for DH5α containing mcr-3.5 was identical to that containing the original mcr-3 variant. In conclusion, carbapenem resistance, colistin resistance and high-level aminoglycoside resistance can be transferred together even when their encoding genes are not located on the same plasmid. The co-transfer of multiple clinically-important antimicrobial resistance represents a particular challenge for clinical treatment and infection control in healthcare settings. Isolates with resistance to both carbapenem and colistin are not restricted to a given sequence type but rather are diverse in clonal background, which warrants further surveillance. The amino acid substitutions of MCR-3.5 have not altered its activity against colistin.
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He YZ, Li XP, Miao YY, Lin J, Sun RY, Wang XP, Guo YY, Liao XP, Liu YH, Feng Y, Sun J. The IS Apl1 2 Dimer Circular Intermediate Participates in mcr-1 Transposition. Front Microbiol 2019; 10:15. [PMID: 30723461 PMCID: PMC6349718 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.00015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2018] [Accepted: 01/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives: The mobile colistin resistance gene mcr-1 is a serious threat to global human and animal health. The composite transposon Tn6330 and its circular intermediate were proposed to be involved in the spread of mcr-1 but their roles remain poorly understood. Methods: To further explore the intermediates during the transposition of Tn6330, we engineered Escherichia coli strains that carry an intact Tn6330 transposon or its deletion derivatives. PCR assays were performed to detect IR-IR junctions and possible circular intermediates. We carried out transposition experiments to calculate transposition frequency. The transposition sites were characterized by whole genome sequence and ISMapper-based analyses. Results: The presence of an intact Tn6330 was demonstrated to be essential for the successful transposition of mcr-1, although both Tn6330 and Tn6330-ΔIR could form circular intermediates. The insertion sequence junction structure was observed in all constructed plasmids but the ISApl1 dimer was only formed in one construct containing an intact Tn6330. The average frequency of mcr-1 transposition in an E. coli strain possessing an intact Tn6330 was ∼10-6 per transformed cell. We identified 27 integration sites for the Tn6330 transposition event. All the transposition sites were flanked by 2 bp target duplications and preferentially occurred in AT-rich regions. Conclusion: These results indicate that mcr-1 transposition relies on the presence of an intact Tn6330. In addition, formation of the tandem repeat ISApl12 could represent a crucial intermediate. Taken together, the current investigations provide mechanistic insights in the transposition of mcr-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Zhang He
- National Risk Assessment Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance of Animal Original Bacteria, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Development and Safety Evaluation, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xing-Ping Li
- National Risk Assessment Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance of Animal Original Bacteria, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Development and Safety Evaluation, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuan-Yuan Miao
- National Risk Assessment Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance of Animal Original Bacteria, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Development and Safety Evaluation, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jun Lin
- Department of Animal Science, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Knoxville, TN, United States
| | - Ruan-Yang Sun
- National Risk Assessment Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance of Animal Original Bacteria, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Development and Safety Evaluation, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Pei Wang
- National Risk Assessment Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance of Animal Original Bacteria, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Development and Safety Evaluation, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ya-Ya Guo
- National Risk Assessment Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance of Animal Original Bacteria, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Development and Safety Evaluation, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Ping Liao
- National Risk Assessment Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance of Animal Original Bacteria, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Development and Safety Evaluation, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ya-Hong Liu
- National Risk Assessment Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance of Animal Original Bacteria, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Development and Safety Evaluation, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Youjun Feng
- National Risk Assessment Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance of Animal Original Bacteria, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Department of General Intensive Care Unit of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jian Sun
- National Risk Assessment Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance of Animal Original Bacteria, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Development and Safety Evaluation, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
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Ma K, Feng Y, Zong Z. Fitness cost of a mcr-1-carrying IncHI2 plasmid. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0209706. [PMID: 30586457 PMCID: PMC6306219 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0209706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2018] [Accepted: 12/10/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
IncHI2 is a common type of large mcr-1-carrying plasmids that have been found worldwide. Large plasmids could impose metabolic burden for host bacterial strains, we therefore examine the stability and fitness cost of a mcr-1-carrying 265.5-kb IncHI2 plasmid, pMCR1_1943, in Escherichia coli in nutrient-rich LB and nutrient-restricted M9 broth. Stability tests revealed that pMCR1_1943 was stably maintained with a stability frequency of 0.99±0.01 (mean ± standard deviation) after 880 generations in LB and 0.97±0.00 after 220 generations in M9 broth. Relative fitness (expressed as w, defined as relative fitness of the plasmid-carrying strain compared to the plasmid-free progenitor strain) was examined using the 24-h head to head competitions. pMCR1_1943 initially imposed costs (w, 0.88±0.03 in LB, 0.87±0.01 in M9) but such costs were largely reduced after 14-day cultures (w, 0.97±0.03 in LB, 0.95±0.03 in M9). The stable maintenance and the largely compensated cost after passage may contribute to the wide spread of mcr-1-carrying IncHI2 plasmids. To investigate potential mechanisms for the reduced fitness cost, we performed whole genome sequencing and single nucleotide polymorphism calling for the competitor strains. We identified that molecular chaperone-encoding dnaK, cell division protein-encoding cpoB and repeat protein-encoding rhsC were associated with the cost reduction for pMCR1_1943, which may represent new mechanisms for host bacterial strains to compensate fitness costs imposed by large plasmids and warrant further studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Ma
- Center of Infectious Diseases, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Division of Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Chengdu, China
- Center for Pathogen Research, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yu Feng
- Center of Infectious Diseases, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Division of Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Chengdu, China
- Center for Pathogen Research, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhiyong Zong
- Center of Infectious Diseases, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Division of Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Chengdu, China
- Center for Pathogen Research, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- * E-mail:
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35
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Wang J, Huang XY, Xia YB, Guo ZW, Ma ZB, Yi MY, Lv LC, Lu PL, Yan JC, Huang JW, Zeng ZL, Liu JH. Clonal Spread of Escherichia coli ST93 Carrying mcr-1-Harboring IncN1-IncHI2/ST3 Plasmid Among Companion Animals, China. Front Microbiol 2018; 9:2989. [PMID: 30564223 PMCID: PMC6288184 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.02989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2018] [Accepted: 11/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the occurrence of plasmid-mediated colistin resistance gene mcr-1 in Enterobacteriaceae isolates from companion animals in Guangzhou, China. Enterobacteriaceae isolated from 180 samples collected from cats and dogs were screened for mcr-1 by PCR and sequencing. MCR-1-producing isolates were further characterized by multilocus sequence typing and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). Plasmid characterization was performed by conjugation, replicon typing, S1-PFGE, and Southern blot hybridization. Plasmid pHN6DS2 as a representative IncN1-IncHI2/ST3 plasmid from ST93 E. coli was fully sequenced. pHN6DS2-like plasmids were screened by PCR-mapping and sequencing. The mcr-1 gene was detected in 6.25% (8/128) Escherichia coli isolates, of which, five belonged to E. coli ST93 and had identical PFGE patterns, resistance profiles and resistance genes. mcr-1 genes were located on ∼244.4 kb plasmids (n = 6), ∼70 kb plasmids, and ∼60 kb plasmids, respectively. Among them, five mcr-1-carrying plasmids were successfully transferred to recipient by conjugation experiments, and were classified as IncN1-IncHI2/ST3 (∼244.4 kb, n = 4, all obtained from E. coli ST93), and IncI2 (∼70 kb, n = 1), respectively. Plasmid pHN6DS2 contained a typical IncHI2-type backbone, with IncN1 segment (ΔrepA-Iterons I-gshB-ΔIS1294) inserted into the multiresistance region, and was similar to other mcr-1-carrying IncHI2/ST3 plasmids from Enterobacteriaceae isolates of various origins in China. The remaining five mcr-1-bearing plasmids with sizes of ∼244.4 kb were identified to be pHN6DS2-like plasmids. In conclusion, clonal spread of ST93 E. coli isolates was occurred in companion animals in Guangzhou, China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Key Laboratory of Zoonosis of Ministry of Agricultural and Rural Affairs, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xin-Yi Huang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Key Laboratory of Zoonosis of Ministry of Agricultural and Rural Affairs, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ying-Bi Xia
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Key Laboratory of Zoonosis of Ministry of Agricultural and Rural Affairs, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ze-Wen Guo
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Key Laboratory of Zoonosis of Ministry of Agricultural and Rural Affairs, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhen-Bao Ma
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Key Laboratory of Zoonosis of Ministry of Agricultural and Rural Affairs, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Meng-Ying Yi
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Key Laboratory of Zoonosis of Ministry of Agricultural and Rural Affairs, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lu-Chao Lv
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Key Laboratory of Zoonosis of Ministry of Agricultural and Rural Affairs, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Pei-Lan Lu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Key Laboratory of Zoonosis of Ministry of Agricultural and Rural Affairs, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jie-Cong Yan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Key Laboratory of Zoonosis of Ministry of Agricultural and Rural Affairs, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jia-Wei Huang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Key Laboratory of Zoonosis of Ministry of Agricultural and Rural Affairs, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhen-Ling Zeng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Key Laboratory of Zoonosis of Ministry of Agricultural and Rural Affairs, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jian-Hua Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Key Laboratory of Zoonosis of Ministry of Agricultural and Rural Affairs, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
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36
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Rapid multiplex polymerase chain reaction for detection of mcr-1 to mcr-5 genes. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis 2018; 92:267-269. [DOI: 10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2018.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2018] [Revised: 04/15/2018] [Accepted: 04/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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37
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Shen C, Feng S, Chen H, Dai M, Paterson DL, Zheng X, Wu X, Zhong LL, Liu Y, Xia Y, Ma R, Huang X, Tian GB. Transmission ofmcr-1-Producing Multidrug-resistant Enterobacteriaceae in Public Transportation in Guangzhou, China. Clin Infect Dis 2018; 67:S217-S224. [DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciy661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Cong Shen
- Department of Immunology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Diseases Control (Sun Yat-sen University), Ministry of Education, Guangzhou
| | - Siyuan Feng
- Department of Immunology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Diseases Control (Sun Yat-sen University), Ministry of Education, Guangzhou
| | - Hongtao Chen
- Department of Laboratory, the Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai
| | - Min Dai
- School of Laboratory Medicine, Chengdu Medical College, China
| | - David L Paterson
- University of Queensland Centre for Clinical Research, The University of Queensland, Herston, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Xiaobin Zheng
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, the Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai
| | - Xingui Wu
- Center for Stem Cell Biology and Tissue Engineering, Key Laboratory for Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering, Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-Sen University
| | - Lan-Lan Zhong
- Department of Immunology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Diseases Control (Sun Yat-sen University), Ministry of Education, Guangzhou
| | - Yan Liu
- Department of Laboratory, the Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai
| | - Yong Xia
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University
| | - Rui Ma
- School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou
| | - Xi Huang
- Program of Pathobiology and Immunology, the Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, China
| | - Guo-Bao Tian
- Department of Immunology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Diseases Control (Sun Yat-sen University), Ministry of Education, Guangzhou
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38
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Partridge SR, Di Pilato V, Doi Y, Feldgarden M, Haft DH, Klimke W, Kumar-Singh S, Liu JH, Malhotra-Kumar S, Prasad A, Rossolini GM, Schwarz S, Shen J, Walsh T, Wang Y, Xavier BB. Proposal for assignment of allele numbers for mobile colistin resistance (mcr) genes. J Antimicrob Chemother 2018; 73:2625-2630. [PMID: 30053115 PMCID: PMC6148208 DOI: 10.1093/jac/dky262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The initial report of the mcr-1 (mobile colistin resistance) gene has led to many reports of mcr-1 variants and other mcr genes from different bacterial species originating from human, animal and environmental samples in different geographical locations. Resistance gene nomenclature is complex and unfortunately problems such as different names being used for the same gene/protein or the same name being used for different genes/proteins are not uncommon. Registries exist for some families, such as bla (β-lactamase) genes, but there is as yet no agreed nomenclature scheme for mcr genes. The National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) recently took over assigning bla allele numbers from the longstanding Lahey β-lactamase website and has agreed to do the same for mcr genes. Here, we propose a nomenclature scheme that we hope will be acceptable to researchers in this area and that will reduce future confusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sally R Partridge
- Centre for Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, The Westmead Institute for Medical Research, The University of Sydney, Westmead Hospital, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Vincenzo Di Pilato
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Yohei Doi
- Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Michael Feldgarden
- National Center for Biotechnology Information, National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Daniel H Haft
- National Center for Biotechnology Information, National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - William Klimke
- National Center for Biotechnology Information, National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Samir Kumar-Singh
- Laboratory of Medical Microbiology & Molecular Pathology group – Cell Biology and Histology, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Jian-Hua Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, National Risk Assessment Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance of Microorganisms in Animals, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Surbhi Malhotra-Kumar
- Laboratory of Medical Microbiology, Vaccine & Infectious Disease Institute, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Arjun Prasad
- National Center for Biotechnology Information, National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Gian Maria Rossolini
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
- Clinical Microbiology and Virology Unit, Florence Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Stefan Schwarz
- Institute of Microbiology and Epizootics, Centre for Infection Medicine, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jianzhong Shen
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Timothy Walsh
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Disease, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Yang Wang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Basil Britto Xavier
- Laboratory of Medical Microbiology, Vaccine & Infectious Disease Institute, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
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39
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Duggett NA, Randall LP, Horton RA, Lemma F, Kirchner M, Nunez-Garcia J, Brena C, Williamson SM, Teale C, Anjum MF. Molecular epidemiology of isolates with multiple mcr plasmids from a pig farm in Great Britain: the effects of colistin withdrawal in the short and long term. J Antimicrob Chemother 2018; 73:3025-3033. [DOI: 10.1093/jac/dky292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2018] [Accepted: 06/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas A Duggett
- Animal and Plant Health Agency, Weybridge, New Haw, Addlestone, Surrey, UK
| | - Luke P Randall
- Animal and Plant Health Agency, Weybridge, New Haw, Addlestone, Surrey, UK
| | - Robert A Horton
- Animal and Plant Health Agency, Weybridge, New Haw, Addlestone, Surrey, UK
| | - Fabrizio Lemma
- Animal and Plant Health Agency, Weybridge, New Haw, Addlestone, Surrey, UK
| | - Miranda Kirchner
- Animal and Plant Health Agency, Weybridge, New Haw, Addlestone, Surrey, UK
| | | | - Camilla Brena
- Animal and Plant Health Agency (Thirsk), West House, Station Road, Thirsk, North Yorkshire, UK
| | - Susanna M Williamson
- Animal and Plant Health Agency (Bury St Edmunds), Rougham Hill, Bury St Edmunds, Suffolk, UK
| | - Christopher Teale
- Animal and Plant Health Agency (Shrewsbury), Kendal Road, Shrewsbury, UK
| | - Muna F Anjum
- Animal and Plant Health Agency, Weybridge, New Haw, Addlestone, Surrey, UK
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40
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Alba P, Leekitcharoenphon P, Franco A, Feltrin F, Ianzano A, Caprioli A, Stravino F, Hendriksen RS, Bortolaia V, Battisti A. Molecular Epidemiology of mcr-Encoded Colistin Resistance in Enterobacteriaceae From Food-Producing Animals in Italy Revealed Through the EU Harmonized Antimicrobial Resistance Monitoring. Front Microbiol 2018; 9:1217. [PMID: 29951045 PMCID: PMC6008537 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.01217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2018] [Accepted: 05/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Colistin resistance by mobilisable mcr genes has been described in bacteria of food-animal origin worldwide, which has raised public health concerns about its potential foodborne transmission to human pathogenic bacteria. Here we provide baseline information on the molecular epidemiology of colistin-resistant, mcr-positive Escherichia coli and Salmonella isolates in food-producing animals in Italy in 2014-2015. A total 678, 861 and 236 indicator E. coli, Extended Spectrum Beta-Lactamase (ESBL)/AmpC-producing E. coli, and Salmonella isolates, respectively, were tested for colistin susceptibility. These isolates were collected according to the EU harmonized antimicrobial resistance monitoring program and are representative of at least 90 and 80% of the Italian poultry (broiler chickens and turkeys) and livestock (pigs and bovines < 12 months) production, respectively. Whole genome sequencing by Illumina technology and bioinformatics (Center for Genomic Epidemiology pipeline) were used to type 42 mcr-positive isolates by PCR. Colistin resistance was mainly observed in the ESBL/AmpC E. coli population, and was present in 25.9, 5.3, 6.5, and 3.9% of such isolates in turkeys, broilers, pigs, and bovines, respectively. Most colistin-resistant isolates (141/161, 87.5%) harbored genes of the mcr-1 group. mcr-1 was also detected in a small proportion of Salmonella isolates (3/146, 2.0%) in turkeys. Additional mcr types were mcr-3 in four ESBL-producing E. coli from bovines, and two mcr-4 in ESBL (n = 1) and indicator E. coli (n = 1) from pigs and bovines. We describe notable diversity of mcr variants with predominance of mcr-1.1 and mcr-1.2 on conjugative IncX4 plasmids in E. coli and in Salmonella serovars Typhimurium, Newport, Blockley from turkey. A new variant, mcr-1.13 was detected in the chromosome in E. coli in turkey and pig isolates. Additionally, we describe mcr-3.2 and mcr-4.3 in E. coli from bovines, and mcr-4.2 in E. coli from pigs. These findings elucidate the epidemiology of colistin resistance in food-producing animals in Italy along with its genetic background, and highlight the likelihood of mcr horizontal transfer between commensal bacteria and major food-borne pathogens (Salmonella) within the same type of productions. Thorough action and strategies are needed in order to mitigate the risk of mcr transfer to humans, in a “One Health” perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Alba
- Department of General Diagnostics, National Reference Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Lazio e della Toscana, Rome, Italy
| | - Pimlapas Leekitcharoenphon
- WHO Collaborating Centre for Antimicrobial Resistance in Foodborne Pathogens and Genomics and European Union Reference Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance, National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Alessia Franco
- Department of General Diagnostics, National Reference Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Lazio e della Toscana, Rome, Italy
| | - Fabiola Feltrin
- Department of General Diagnostics, National Reference Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Lazio e della Toscana, Rome, Italy
| | - Angela Ianzano
- Department of General Diagnostics, National Reference Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Lazio e della Toscana, Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Caprioli
- Department of General Diagnostics, National Reference Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Lazio e della Toscana, Rome, Italy
| | - Fiorentino Stravino
- Department of General Diagnostics, National Reference Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Lazio e della Toscana, Rome, Italy
| | - Rene S Hendriksen
- WHO Collaborating Centre for Antimicrobial Resistance in Foodborne Pathogens and Genomics and European Union Reference Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance, National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Valeria Bortolaia
- WHO Collaborating Centre for Antimicrobial Resistance in Foodborne Pathogens and Genomics and European Union Reference Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance, National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Antonio Battisti
- Department of General Diagnostics, National Reference Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Lazio e della Toscana, Rome, Italy
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Liu H, Zhu B, Liang B, Xu X, Qiu S, Jia L, Li P, Yang L, Li Y, Xiang Y, Xie J, Wang L, Yang C, Sun Y, Song H. A Novel mcr-1 Variant Carried by an IncI2-Type Plasmid Identified From a Multidrug Resistant Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli. Front Microbiol 2018; 9:815. [PMID: 29922243 PMCID: PMC5996929 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.00815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2018] [Accepted: 04/10/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, we discovered a novel mobilized colistin resistance (mcr-1) gene variant, named mcr-1.9, which was identified in a colistin-resistant enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) strain from a clinical diarrhea case. The mcr-1.9 gene differs from mcr-1 at position 1036 due to a single nucleotide polymorphism (G→A), which results in an aspartic acid residue being replaced by an asparagine residue (Asp346→Asn) in the MCR-1 protein sequence. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing showed that the mcr-1.9-harboring ETEC strain is resistant to colistin at a minimum inhibitory concentration of 4 μg/ml. Plasmid profiling and conjugation experiments also suggest that the mcr-1.9 variant can be successfully transferred into the E. coli strain J53, indicating that the gene is located on a transferable plasmid. Bioinformatics analysis of data obtained from genome sequencing indicates that the mcr-1.9 gene is located on a 64,005 bp plasmid which has been named pEC26. This plasmid was found to have high similarity to the mcr-1-bearing IncI2-type plasmids pWF-5-19C (99% identity and 99% coverage) and pmcr1-IncI2 (99% identity and 98% coverage). The mcr-1.9-harboring ETEC also shows multidrug resistance to nine classes of antibiotics, and contains several virulence and antimicrobial-resistance genes suggested by the genome sequence analysis. Our report is the first to identify a new mcr-1 variant in an ETEC isolated from a human fecal sample, raising concerns about the existence of more such variants in human intestinal flora. Therefore, we believe that an undertaking to identify new mcr-1 variants in the bacterial communities of human intestines is of utmost importance, and that measures need to be taken to control the spread of mcr-1 and its variants in human intestinal microflora.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongbo Liu
- College of Military Medicine, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.,Institute of Disease Control and Prevention, People's Liberation Army, Beijing, China
| | - Binghua Zhu
- College of Military Medicine, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.,Institute of Disease Control and Prevention, People's Liberation Army, Beijing, China
| | - Beibei Liang
- College of Military Medicine, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.,Institute of Disease Control and Prevention, People's Liberation Army, Beijing, China
| | - Xuebin Xu
- Shanghai Municipal Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, China
| | - Shaofu Qiu
- Institute of Disease Control and Prevention, People's Liberation Army, Beijing, China
| | - Leili Jia
- Institute of Disease Control and Prevention, People's Liberation Army, Beijing, China
| | - Peng Li
- Institute of Disease Control and Prevention, People's Liberation Army, Beijing, China
| | - Lang Yang
- College of Military Medicine, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.,Institute of Disease Control and Prevention, People's Liberation Army, Beijing, China
| | - Yongrui Li
- Institute of Disease Control and Prevention, People's Liberation Army, Beijing, China
| | - Ying Xiang
- College of Military Medicine, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.,Institute of Disease Control and Prevention, People's Liberation Army, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Xie
- Institute of Disease Control and Prevention, People's Liberation Army, Beijing, China
| | - Ligui Wang
- Institute of Disease Control and Prevention, People's Liberation Army, Beijing, China
| | - Chaojie Yang
- Institute of Disease Control and Prevention, People's Liberation Army, Beijing, China
| | - Yansong Sun
- College of Military Medicine, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Hongbin Song
- College of Military Medicine, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.,Institute of Disease Control and Prevention, People's Liberation Army, Beijing, China
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42
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Wang X, Wang Y, Wang Y, Zhang S, Shen Z, Wang S. Emergence of the colistin resistance gene mcr-1 and its variant in several uncommon species of Enterobacteriaceae from commercial poultry farm surrounding environments. Vet Microbiol 2018; 219:161-164. [PMID: 29778190 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2018.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2018] [Revised: 03/23/2018] [Accepted: 04/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The colistin resistance gene mcr-1 has been detected in multiple members of Enterobacteriaceae family. Here, we report the emergence of mcr-1 in Providencia alcalifaciens and a mcr-1 variant, named mcr-1.3, in Raoultella planticola. Both of the mcr-1-carrying plasmids in these two isolates belong to IncI2 type of plasmids, but they are different in sizes and genetic characteristics. We also detected the mcr-1 gene in one Enterobacter cloacae isolate, however, the mcr-1-carrying plasmid is distinct from the previous reports. Conjugation assay showed that mcr-1-carrying plasmids in P. alcalifaciens and E. cloacae were successfully transferred into recipient E. coli strains. It is worth noting that the transferability of mcr-1-carrying plasmid from E. cloacae was enhanced once it entered into E. coli hosts, which might further accelerate the dissemination of mcr-1 among Enterobacteriaceae. These findings further expand our knowledge of the mcr-1-carrying species in Enterobacteriaceae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoming Wang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Detection Technology for Animal-Derived Food Safety and Beijing Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Yao Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Detection Technology for Animal-Derived Food Safety and Beijing Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Yang Wang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Suxia Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Detection Technology for Animal-Derived Food Safety and Beijing Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Zhangqi Shen
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Shaolin Wang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Detection Technology for Animal-Derived Food Safety and Beijing Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety, Beijing, 100193, China.
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Prevalence of mcr-type genes among colistin-resistant Enterobacteriaceae collected in 2014-2016 as part of the INFORM global surveillance program. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0195281. [PMID: 29608599 PMCID: PMC5880376 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0195281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2017] [Accepted: 03/19/2018] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
A set of 908 clinically derived colistin-resistant Enterobacteriaeae isolates collected worldwide in 2014–2016 were screened for the presence of the plasmid-borne mcr-1, mcr-2, mcr-3, mcr-4 and mcr-5 genes. In total 3.2% (29/908) of the collection were positive for mcr, including 27 Escherichia coli, 1 Klebsiella pneumoniae and 1 Enterobacter cloacae. Twenty-four isolates possessed genes from the mcr-1 family, including the original mcr-1 (n = 22), as well as mcr-1.2 (n = 1) and mcr-1.5 (n = 1), which each differ from mcr-1 by encoding single amino acid variations. Genes from the mcr-3 family were found in isolates from Thailand, including mcr-3.1 (n = 3) and mcr-3.2 (n = 1). An E. coli isolated from a patient with a urinary tract infection in Colombia contained the recently discovered mcr-5. The full colistin-resistant collection was tested against a panel of antimicrobial agents with ceftazidime-avibactam and tigecycline exhibiting the highest activity.
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Wang R, van Dorp L, Shaw LP, Bradley P, Wang Q, Wang X, Jin L, Zhang Q, Liu Y, Rieux A, Dorai-Schneiders T, Weinert LA, Iqbal Z, Didelot X, Wang H, Balloux F. The global distribution and spread of the mobilized colistin resistance gene mcr-1. Nat Commun 2018; 9:1179. [PMID: 29563494 PMCID: PMC5862964 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-03205-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 379] [Impact Index Per Article: 63.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2017] [Accepted: 01/29/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Colistin represents one of the few available drugs for treating infections caused by carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae. As such, the recent plasmid-mediated spread of the colistin resistance gene mcr-1 poses a significant public health threat, requiring global monitoring and surveillance. Here, we characterize the global distribution of mcr-1 using a data set of 457 mcr-1-positive sequenced isolates. We find mcr-1 in various plasmid types but identify an immediate background common to all mcr-1 sequences. Our analyses establish that all mcr-1 elements in circulation descend from the same initial mobilization of mcr-1 by an ISApl1 transposon in the mid 2000s (2002–2008; 95% highest posterior density), followed by a marked demographic expansion, which led to its current global distribution. Our results provide the first systematic phylogenetic analysis of the origin and spread of mcr-1, and emphasize the importance of understanding the movement of antibiotic resistance genes across multiple levels of genomic organization. The recent plasmid-mediated spread of the mobilized colistin resistance gene mcr-1 poses a significant public health threat, requiring worldwide monitoring and surveillance. Here, Wang et al. compile and analyze a data set of 457 mcr-1-positive sequenced isolates to investigate the origin and global distribution of mcr-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruobing Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, 100044, China
| | - Lucy van Dorp
- UCL Genetics Institute, University College London, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Liam P Shaw
- UCL Genetics Institute, University College London, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Phelim Bradley
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7BN, UK
| | - Qi Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, 100044, China
| | - Xiaojuan Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, 100044, China
| | - Longyang Jin
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, 100044, China
| | - Qing Zhang
- Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shandong Province, Jinan, 250100, China
| | - Yuqing Liu
- Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shandong Province, Jinan, 250100, China
| | - Adrien Rieux
- UMR PVBMT, CIRAD, 97410, St Pierre, Reunion, France
| | | | | | - Zamin Iqbal
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7BN, UK.,European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Wellcome Genome Campus, Cambridge, CB10 1SD, UK
| | - Xavier Didelot
- Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, Imperial College London, Norfolk Place 21, London, W2 1PG, UK
| | - Hui Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, 100044, China.
| | - Francois Balloux
- UCL Genetics Institute, University College London, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT, UK.
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Sherry N, Howden B. Emerging Gram negative resistance to last-line antimicrobial agents fosfomycin, colistin and ceftazidime-avibactam – epidemiology, laboratory detection and treatment implications. Expert Rev Anti Infect Ther 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/14787210.2018.1453807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Norelle Sherry
- Antimicrobial Reference and Research Unit, Microbiological Diagnostic Unit Public Health Laboratory, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Melbourne at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Australia
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Austin Health, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Benjamin Howden
- Antimicrobial Reference and Research Unit, Microbiological Diagnostic Unit Public Health Laboratory, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Melbourne at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Australia
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Austin Health, Melbourne, Australia
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Chan WS, Au CH, Ho DN, Chan TL, Ma ESK, Tang BSF. Prospective study on human fecal carriage of Enterobacteriaceae possessing mcr-1 and mcr-2 genes in a regional hospital in Hong Kong. BMC Infect Dis 2018; 18:81. [PMID: 29439654 PMCID: PMC5812201 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-018-2987-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2017] [Accepted: 01/31/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Human fecal carriage of Enterobacteriaceae possessing mobilized colistin resistance genes (mcr-1 and mcr-2) remains obscure in Hong Kong. As part of routine surveillance on emerging antibiotic resistance, we conducted a prospective study on this topic in a regional hospital in Hong Kong. METHODS From October 31 to November 25, 2016, all fecal specimens submitted for routine analysis were included in this surveillance study. These comprised 672 consecutive routine fecal specimens collected from 616 individuals. Fecal specimens were screened for colistin-resistant Enterobacteriaceae by culture-based method, and the presence of mcr-1 and mcr-2 genes in resistant isolates was identified by polymerase chain reaction and Sanger sequencing. Whole genome sequencing (WGS) of mcr-1-possessing Escherichia coli strains was facilitated using Illumina® MiSeq® followed by sequence analysis with appropriate bioinformatics tools. RESULTS Fourteen mcr-1-positive E. coli strains were isolated from 14 separate individuals (2.08% of total fecal specimens), with 9 of them being asymptomatic, healthy clients coming for health assessment. No mcr-2-possessing Enterobacteriaceae was identified. Colistin minimum inhibitory concentrations of these mcr-1-positive isolates ranged from 2 to 4 μg/mL. All these isolates were susceptible to carbapenems with 2 being extended spectrum β-lactamase producers. WGS data revealed that these isolates belonged to at least 12 different sequence types (STs) and possessed diversified plasmid replicons, virulence and acquired antibiotic resistance genes. Further study on an E. coli ST201 strain (Pasteur scheme) revealed coexistence of 47,818-bp IncP-1 and 33,309-bp IncX4 types of mcr-1 plasmids, which was a combination of stability and high transmissibility. CONCLUSIONS To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study on human fecal carriage of Enterobacteriaceae possessing mcr-1 and mcr-2 genes in Hong Kong. Our data further revealed asymptomatic carriage of mcr-1-possessing Enterobacteriaceae by both patients and healthy individuals. This is alarming considering wide diversity and high transmissibility of mcr-1 plasmids, which potentially facilitate emergence of pan-drug-resistant bacteria in future infection. This also highlights the importance of surveillance on emerging antibiotic resistance, especially for patients under intensive care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wai-Sing Chan
- Department of Pathology, 1/F, Li Shu Fan Block, Hong Kong Sanatorium & Hospital, 2 Village Road, Happy Valley, Hong Kong
| | - Chun-Hang Au
- Department of Pathology, 1/F, Li Shu Fan Block, Hong Kong Sanatorium & Hospital, 2 Village Road, Happy Valley, Hong Kong
| | - Dona N. Ho
- Department of Pathology, 1/F, Li Shu Fan Block, Hong Kong Sanatorium & Hospital, 2 Village Road, Happy Valley, Hong Kong
| | - Tsun-Leung Chan
- Department of Pathology, 1/F, Li Shu Fan Block, Hong Kong Sanatorium & Hospital, 2 Village Road, Happy Valley, Hong Kong
| | - Edmond Shiu-Kwan Ma
- Department of Pathology, 1/F, Li Shu Fan Block, Hong Kong Sanatorium & Hospital, 2 Village Road, Happy Valley, Hong Kong
| | - Bone Siu-Fai Tang
- Department of Pathology, 1/F, Li Shu Fan Block, Hong Kong Sanatorium & Hospital, 2 Village Road, Happy Valley, Hong Kong
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Zhou W, Liu L, Feng Y, Zong Z. A P7 Phage-Like Plasmid Carrying mcr-1 in an ST15 Klebsiella pneumoniae Clinical Isolate. Front Microbiol 2018; 9:11. [PMID: 29403463 PMCID: PMC5786510 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.00011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2017] [Accepted: 01/05/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
A Klebsiella pneumoniae clinical strain, named SCKP83, was isolated and found to be resistant to colistin thanks to the presence plasmid-borne colistin resistant gene mcr-1. The strain was subjected to whole genome sequencing and conjugation experiments. The subsequent analysis indicated that the strain belongs to ST15 and the capsular type K41. In SCKP83, mcr-1 was carried by a 97.4-kb non-self-transmissible plasmid, a 90.9-kb region of which was predicted as an intact phage. This phage was 47.79% GC content, encoded 105 proteins and contained three tRNAs. mcr-1 was located downstream of two copies of the insertion sequence ISApl1 (one complete and one truncated) and was inserted in the ant1 gene, which encodes a putative antirepressor for antagonizing C1 repression, in this phage. The phage is highly similar to phage P7 (77% coverage and 98% identity) from Escherichia coli. Several similar mcr-1-carrying plasmids have been found in E. coli at various locations in China, suggesting that these phage-like plasmids have circulated in China. The findings in this study suggest that the P7 phage-like plasmids are not restricted to E. coli and may represent new vehicles to mediate the inter-species spread of mcr-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weilong Zhou
- Center of Infectious Diseases, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Division of Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Chengdu, China
| | - Lu Liu
- Center of Infectious Diseases, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Division of Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Chengdu, China
| | - Yu Feng
- Center of Infectious Diseases, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Division of Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhiyong Zong
- Center of Infectious Diseases, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Division of Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Chengdu, China.,Department of Infection Control, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Center for Pathogen Research, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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