1
|
Byndloss M, Devkota S, Duca F, Niess JH, Nieuwdorp M, Orho-Melander M, Sanz Y, Tremaroli V, Zhao L. The gut microbiota and diabetes: research, translation, and clinical applications - 2023 Diabetes, Diabetes Care, and Diabetologia Expert Forum. Diabetologia 2024:10.1007/s00125-024-06198-1. [PMID: 38910152 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-024-06198-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024]
Abstract
This article summarises the state of the science on the role of the gut microbiota (GM) in diabetes from a recent international expert forum organised by Diabetes, Diabetes Care, and Diabetologia, which was held at the European Association for the Study of Diabetes 2023 Annual Meeting in Hamburg, Germany. Forum participants included clinicians and basic scientists who are leading investigators in the field of the intestinal microbiome and metabolism. Their conclusions were as follows: (1) the GM may be involved in the pathophysiology of type 2 diabetes, as microbially produced metabolites associate both positively and negatively with the disease, and mechanistic links of GM functions (e.g. genes for butyrate production) with glucose metabolism have recently emerged through the use of Mendelian randomisation in humans; (2) the highly individualised nature of the GM poses a major research obstacle, and large cohorts and a deep-sequencing metagenomic approach are required for robust assessments of associations and causation; (3) because single time point sampling misses intraindividual GM dynamics, future studies with repeated measures within individuals are needed; and (4) much future research will be required to determine the applicability of this expanding knowledge to diabetes diagnosis and treatment, and novel technologies and improved computational tools will be important to achieve this goal.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Byndloss
- Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Suzanne Devkota
- Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Human Microbiome Research Institute, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | | | - Jan Hendrik Niess
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Digestive Healthcare Center, Clarunis, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Max Nieuwdorp
- Department of Internal and Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Amsterdam Diabeter Center, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Marju Orho-Melander
- Department of Clinical Sciences in Malmö, Lund University Diabetes Centre, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Yolanda Sanz
- Institute of Agrochemistry and Food Technology, Spanish National Research Council (IATA-CSIC), Valencia, Spain.
| | - Valentina Tremaroli
- Wallenberg Laboratory, Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Institute of Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Liping Zhao
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, School of Environmental and Biological Sciences, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Carpio LE, Olivares M, Benítez-Paez A, Serrano-Candelas E, Barigye SJ, Sanz Y, Gozalbes R. Comparative Binding Study of Gliptins to Bacterial DPP4-like Enzymes for the Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM). Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:5744. [PMID: 38891933 PMCID: PMC11171585 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25115744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2024] [Revised: 05/21/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
The role of the gut microbiota and its interplay with host metabolic health, particularly in the context of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) management, is garnering increasing attention. Dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP4) inhibitors, commonly known as gliptins, constitute a class of drugs extensively used in T2DM treatment. However, their potential interactions with gut microbiota remain poorly understood. In this study, we employed computational methodologies to investigate the binding affinities of various gliptins to DPP4-like homologs produced by intestinal bacteria. The 3D structures of DPP4 homologs from gut microbiota species, including Segatella copri, Phocaeicola vulgatus, Bacteroides uniformis, Parabacteroides merdae, and Alistipes sp., were predicted using computational modeling techniques. Subsequently, molecular dynamics simulations were conducted for 200 ns to ensure the stability of the predicted structures. Stable structures were then utilized to predict the binding interactions with known gliptins through molecular docking algorithms. Our results revealed binding similarities of gliptins toward bacterial DPP4 homologs compared to human DPP4. Specifically, certain gliptins exhibited similar binding scores to bacterial DPP4 homologs as they did with human DPP4, suggesting a potential interaction of these drugs with gut microbiota. These findings could help in understanding the interplay between gliptins and gut microbiota DPP4 homologs, considering the intricate relationship between the host metabolism and microbial communities in the gut.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laureano E. Carpio
- ProtoQSAR SL, CEEI (Centro Europeo de Empresas Innovadoras), Parque Tecnológico de Valencia, 46980 Valencia, Spain; (L.E.C.); (E.S.-C.)
- MolDrug AI Systems SL, 46018 Valencia, Spain
| | - Marta Olivares
- Microbial Ecology, Nutrition and Health Research Unit, Institute of Agrochemistry and Food Technology, Spanish National Research Council (IATA-CSIC), 46980 Valencia, Spain; (M.O.); (A.B.-P.); (Y.S.)
| | - Alfonso Benítez-Paez
- Microbial Ecology, Nutrition and Health Research Unit, Institute of Agrochemistry and Food Technology, Spanish National Research Council (IATA-CSIC), 46980 Valencia, Spain; (M.O.); (A.B.-P.); (Y.S.)
| | - Eva Serrano-Candelas
- ProtoQSAR SL, CEEI (Centro Europeo de Empresas Innovadoras), Parque Tecnológico de Valencia, 46980 Valencia, Spain; (L.E.C.); (E.S.-C.)
| | | | - Yolanda Sanz
- Microbial Ecology, Nutrition and Health Research Unit, Institute of Agrochemistry and Food Technology, Spanish National Research Council (IATA-CSIC), 46980 Valencia, Spain; (M.O.); (A.B.-P.); (Y.S.)
| | - Rafael Gozalbes
- ProtoQSAR SL, CEEI (Centro Europeo de Empresas Innovadoras), Parque Tecnológico de Valencia, 46980 Valencia, Spain; (L.E.C.); (E.S.-C.)
- MolDrug AI Systems SL, 46018 Valencia, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Estrella MLY, Daniel NR, Armando EHD, Cristian PM, Aarón VJ, Paul SCJ, David GV, Cristian MO, de Lourdes REM, Lola EVM, Alberto AG, Osbaldo RA, Rodolfo GM. Effect of metformin and metformin/linagliptin on gut microbiota in patients with prediabetes. Sci Rep 2024; 14:9678. [PMID: 38678119 PMCID: PMC11055900 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-60081-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Lifestyle modifications, metformin, and linagliptin reduce the incidence of type 2 diabetes (T2D) in people with prediabetes. The gut microbiota (GM) may enhance such interventions' efficacy. We determined the effect of linagliptin/metformin (LM) vs metformin (M) on GM composition and its relationship to insulin sensitivity (IS) and pancreatic β-cell function (Pβf) in patients with prediabetes. A cross-sectional study was conducted at different times: basal, six, and twelve months in 167 Mexican adults with prediabetes. These treatments increased the abundance of GM SCFA-producing bacteria M (Fusicatenibacter and Blautia) and LM (Roseburia, Bifidobacterium, and [Eubacterium] hallii group). We performed a mediation analysis with structural equation models (SEM). In conclusion, M and LM therapies improve insulin sensitivity and Pβf in prediabetics. GM is partially associated with these improvements since the SEM models suggest a weak association between specific bacterial genera and improvements in IS and Pβf.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Martínez-López Yoscelina Estrella
- Human Systems Biology Laboratory. Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica (INMEGEN), México City, Mexico
- Programa de Doctorado en Ciencias Médicas, Odontológicas y de la Salud, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Ciudad de México, Mexico
- Metabolic Research Laboratory, Department of Medicine and Nutrition, University of Guanajuato, León, Guanajuato, Mexico
| | - Neri-Rosario Daniel
- Human Systems Biology Laboratory. Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica (INMEGEN), México City, Mexico
- Programa de Maestría en Ciencias Bioquímicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | | | - Padron-Manrique Cristian
- Human Systems Biology Laboratory. Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica (INMEGEN), México City, Mexico
- Programa de Doctorado en Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Vázquez-Jiménez Aarón
- Human Systems Biology Laboratory. Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica (INMEGEN), México City, Mexico
| | - Sánchez-Castañeda Jean Paul
- Human Systems Biology Laboratory. Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica (INMEGEN), México City, Mexico
- Programa de Maestría en Ciencias Bioquímicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Girón-Villalobos David
- Human Systems Biology Laboratory. Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica (INMEGEN), México City, Mexico
- Programa de Maestría en Ciencias Bioquímicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Mendoza-Ortíz Cristian
- Human Systems Biology Laboratory. Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica (INMEGEN), México City, Mexico
- Programa de Maestría en Ciencias Bioquímicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | | | | | | | - Resendis-Antonio Osbaldo
- Human Systems Biology Laboratory. Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica (INMEGEN), México City, Mexico.
- Coordinación de la Investigación Científica - Red de Apoyo a la Investigación - Centro de Ciencias de la Complejidad, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Ciudad de México, Mexico.
| | - Guardado-Mendoza Rodolfo
- Metabolic Research Laboratory, Department of Medicine and Nutrition, University of Guanajuato, León, Guanajuato, Mexico.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Liu S, Zhu H, Ren Y, Fan W, Wu H, Wu H, Huang Z, Zhu W. A hydrolyzed casein diet promotes Ngn3 controlling enteroendocrine cell differentiation to increase gastrointestinal motility in mice. Food Funct 2024; 15:1237-1249. [PMID: 38227487 DOI: 10.1039/d3fo04152b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2024]
Abstract
Gut hormones are produced by enteroendocrine cells (EECs) found along the intestinal epithelium, and these cells play a crucial role in regulating intestinal function, nutrient absorption and food intake. A hydrolyzed casein diet has been reported to promote the secretion of gut hormones through the regulation of EEC development, but the underlying mechanism remains unclear. Therefore, this study was conducted to investigate whether the hydrolyzed casein diet can regulate EEC differentiation by employing mouse and organoid models. Mice were fed diets containing either casein (casein group) or hydrolyzed casein (hydrolyzed casein group) as the sole protein source. The hydrolyzed casein diet upregulated the expression of transcription factors, induced EEC differentiation, increased fasting serum ghrelin concentrations and promoted gastrointestinal (GI) motility in the duodenum compared to the casein diet. Interestingly, these differences could be abolished when there is addition of antibiotics to the drinking water, suggesting a significant role of gut microbiota in the hydrolyzed casein-mediated EEC function. Further investigation showed that the hydrolyzed casein diet led to reduced microbial diversity, especially the abundance of Akkermansia muciniphila (A. muciniphila) on the duodenal mucosa. In contrast, gavage with A. muciniphila impaired EEC differentiation through attenuated neurog3 transcription factor (Ngn3) expression, mediated through the promotion of Notch signaling. Moreover, pasteurized A. muciniphila showed similar effects to enter organoids in vitro. Overall, we found that a hydrolyzed casein diet reduced the abundance of A. muciniphila and promoted Ngn3 controlling EEC differentiation and this pathway is associated with increased GI motility in mice. The findings provide new insights into the role of hydrolyzed casein in gut transit and guidelines for using hydrolyzed casein in safe formula milk.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Siqiang Liu
- Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Microbiology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Nutrition and Animal Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, China.
- National Center for International Research on Animal Gut Nutrition, Nanjing Agricultural, University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, China
| | - Haining Zhu
- Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Microbiology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Nutrition and Animal Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, China.
- National Center for International Research on Animal Gut Nutrition, Nanjing Agricultural, University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, China
| | - Yuting Ren
- Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Microbiology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Nutrition and Animal Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, China.
- National Center for International Research on Animal Gut Nutrition, Nanjing Agricultural, University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, China
| | - Wenlu Fan
- Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Microbiology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Nutrition and Animal Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, China.
- National Center for International Research on Animal Gut Nutrition, Nanjing Agricultural, University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, China
| | - Haiqin Wu
- Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Microbiology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Nutrition and Animal Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, China.
- National Center for International Research on Animal Gut Nutrition, Nanjing Agricultural, University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, China
| | - Huipeng Wu
- Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Microbiology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Nutrition and Animal Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, China.
- National Center for International Research on Animal Gut Nutrition, Nanjing Agricultural, University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, China
| | - Zan Huang
- Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Microbiology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Nutrition and Animal Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, China.
- National Center for International Research on Animal Gut Nutrition, Nanjing Agricultural, University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, China
| | - Weiyun Zhu
- Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Microbiology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Nutrition and Animal Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, China.
- National Center for International Research on Animal Gut Nutrition, Nanjing Agricultural, University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Jafari E, Soleymani N, Hamidi M, Rahi A, Rezaei A, Azizian R. Celiac Disease: A Review from Genetic to Treatment. IRANIAN BIOMEDICAL JOURNAL 2024; 28:8-14. [PMID: 38444380 PMCID: PMC10994635 DOI: 10.61186/ibj.4028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
Celiac disease (CD) is a complex disorder influenced by genetic and environmental factors. When people with a genetic predisposition to CD consume gluten, an inflammatory response is triggered in the small intestine, and this reaction can be alleviated by the elimination of gluten from the diet. The clinical manifestations of CD vary greatly from person to person and begin at a young age or in adulthood. Influence of genetic factors on CD development is evident in carriers of the DQ2 and/or DQ8 allele. HLA genotypes are associated with gut colonization by bacteria, particularly in individuals suffering from CD. In addition, beneficial gut microbes are crucial for the production of DPP-4, which plays a key role in immune function, as well as metabolic and intestinal health. Therefore, probiotics have been recommended as a complementary food supplement in CD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Erfaneh Jafari
- Pediatric Infectious Disease Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Niloufar Soleymani
- Department of Food Hygiene, Islamic Azad University (Science and Research Branch), Tehran, Iran
| | - Masoud Hamidi
- École Polytechnique de Bruxelles-BioMatter Unit, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Azar Rahi
- Department of Pathobiology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Akram Rezaei
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reza Azizian
- Pediatric Infectious Disease Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Biomedical Innovation and Start-Up Association (Biomino), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Keller LJ, Nguyen TH, Liu LJ, Hurysz BM, Lakemeyer M, Guerra M, Gelsinger DJ, Chanin R, Ngo N, Lum KM, Faucher F, Ipock P, Niphakis MJ, Bhatt AS, O'Donoghue AJ, Huang KC, Bogyo M. Chemoproteomic identification of a DPP4 homolog in Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron. Nat Chem Biol 2023; 19:1469-1479. [PMID: 37349583 DOI: 10.1038/s41589-023-01357-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/24/2023]
Abstract
Serine hydrolases have important roles in signaling and human metabolism, yet little is known about their functions in gut commensal bacteria. Using bioinformatics and chemoproteomics, we identify serine hydrolases in the gut commensal Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron that are specific to the Bacteroidetes phylum. Two are predicted homologs of the human dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (hDPP4), a key enzyme that regulates insulin signaling. Our functional studies reveal that BT4193 is a true homolog of hDPP4 that can be inhibited by FDA-approved type 2 diabetes medications targeting hDPP4, while the other is a misannotated proline-specific triaminopeptidase. We demonstrate that BT4193 is important for envelope integrity and that loss of BT4193 reduces B. thetaiotaomicron fitness during in vitro growth within a diverse community. However, neither function is dependent on BT4193 proteolytic activity, suggesting a scaffolding or signaling function for this bacterial protease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laura J Keller
- Department of Chemical and Systems Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Taylor H Nguyen
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Lawrence J Liu
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Brianna M Hurysz
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Markus Lakemeyer
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Macromolecular Chemistry, Friedrich-Schiller-University, Jena, Germany
| | - Matteo Guerra
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Biochemical and Cellular Pharmacology, Genentech, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Danielle J Gelsinger
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Rachael Chanin
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Divisions of Hematology and Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Nhi Ngo
- Lundbeck La Jolla Research Center, Inc., San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Kenneth M Lum
- Lundbeck La Jolla Research Center, Inc., San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Franco Faucher
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Phillip Ipock
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | | | - Ami S Bhatt
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Divisions of Hematology and Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Anthony J O'Donoghue
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Kerwyn Casey Huang
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Chan Zuckerberg Biohub, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Matthew Bogyo
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Zhao Q, Chen Y, Huang W, Zhou H, Zhang W. Drug-microbiota interactions: an emerging priority for precision medicine. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2023; 8:386. [PMID: 37806986 PMCID: PMC10560686 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-023-01619-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Individual variability in drug response (IVDR) can be a major cause of adverse drug reactions (ADRs) and prolonged therapy, resulting in a substantial health and economic burden. Despite extensive research in pharmacogenomics regarding the impact of individual genetic background on pharmacokinetics (PK) and pharmacodynamics (PD), genetic diversity explains only a limited proportion of IVDR. The role of gut microbiota, also known as the second genome, and its metabolites in modulating therapeutic outcomes in human diseases have been highlighted by recent studies. Consequently, the burgeoning field of pharmacomicrobiomics aims to explore the correlation between microbiota variation and IVDR or ADRs. This review presents an up-to-date overview of the intricate interactions between gut microbiota and classical therapeutic agents for human systemic diseases, including cancer, cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), endocrine diseases, and others. We summarise how microbiota, directly and indirectly, modify the absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME) of drugs. Conversely, drugs can also modulate the composition and function of gut microbiota, leading to changes in microbial metabolism and immune response. We also discuss the practical challenges, strategies, and opportunities in this field, emphasizing the critical need to develop an innovative approach to multi-omics, integrate various data types, including human and microbiota genomic data, as well as translate lab data into clinical practice. To sum up, pharmacomicrobiomics represents a promising avenue to address IVDR and improve patient outcomes, and further research in this field is imperative to unlock its full potential for precision medicine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qing Zhao
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410008, PR China
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University, Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, 110 Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410078, PR China
- Engineering Research Center of Applied Technology of Pharmacogenomics, Ministry of Education, 110 Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410078, PR China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410008, PR China
| | - Yao Chen
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410008, PR China
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University, Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, 110 Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410078, PR China
- Engineering Research Center of Applied Technology of Pharmacogenomics, Ministry of Education, 110 Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410078, PR China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410008, PR China
| | - Weihua Huang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410008, PR China
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University, Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, 110 Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410078, PR China
- Engineering Research Center of Applied Technology of Pharmacogenomics, Ministry of Education, 110 Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410078, PR China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410008, PR China
| | - Honghao Zhou
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410008, PR China
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University, Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, 110 Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410078, PR China
- Engineering Research Center of Applied Technology of Pharmacogenomics, Ministry of Education, 110 Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410078, PR China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410008, PR China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410008, PR China.
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, PR China.
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510080, PR China.
- Central Laboratory of Hunan Cancer Hospital, Central South University, 283 Tongzipo Road, Changsha, 410013, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Wang K, Zhang Z, Hang J, Liu J, Guo F, Ding Y, Li M, Nie Q, Lin J, Zhuo Y, Sun L, Luo X, Zhong Q, Ye C, Yun C, Zhang Y, Wang J, Bao R, Pang Y, Wang G, Gonzalez FJ, Lei X, Qiao J, Jiang C. Microbial-host-isozyme analyses reveal microbial DPP4 as a potential antidiabetic target. Science 2023; 381:eadd5787. [PMID: 37535747 DOI: 10.1126/science.add5787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023]
Abstract
A mechanistic understanding of how microbial proteins affect the host could yield deeper insights into gut microbiota-host cross-talk. We developed an enzyme activity-screening platform to investigate how gut microbiota-derived enzymes might influence host physiology. We discovered that dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP4) is expressed by specific bacterial taxa of the microbiota. Microbial DPP4 was able to decrease the active glucagon like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and disrupt glucose metabolism in mice with a leaky gut. Furthermore, the current drugs targeting human DPP4, including sitagliptin, had little effect on microbial DPP4. Using high-throughput screening, we identified daurisoline-d4 (Dau-d4) as a selective microbial DPP4 inhibitor that improves glucose tolerance in diabetic mice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kai Wang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Female Fertility Promotion, Center for Reproductive Medicine, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Center for Obesity and Metabolic Disease Research, School of Basic Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis and Remodeling, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhiwei Zhang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Female Fertility Promotion, Center for Reproductive Medicine, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Center for Obesity and Metabolic Disease Research, School of Basic Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis and Remodeling, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Hang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Female Fertility Promotion, Center for Reproductive Medicine, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology (Peking University Third Hospital), Beijing, China
| | - Jia Liu
- Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Fusheng Guo
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Department of Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Synthetic and Functional Biomolecules Center, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yong Ding
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Female Fertility Promotion, Center for Reproductive Medicine, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Center for Obesity and Metabolic Disease Research, School of Basic Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis and Remodeling, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Meng Li
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Female Fertility Promotion, Center for Reproductive Medicine, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Center for Obesity and Metabolic Disease Research, School of Basic Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis and Remodeling, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Qixing Nie
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Female Fertility Promotion, Center for Reproductive Medicine, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Center for Obesity and Metabolic Disease Research, School of Basic Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis and Remodeling, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Jun Lin
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Female Fertility Promotion, Center for Reproductive Medicine, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Center for Obesity and Metabolic Disease Research, School of Basic Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis and Remodeling, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yingying Zhuo
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Female Fertility Promotion, Center for Reproductive Medicine, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Center for Obesity and Metabolic Disease Research, School of Basic Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis and Remodeling, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Lulu Sun
- Laboratory of Metabolism, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Xi Luo
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Female Fertility Promotion, Center for Reproductive Medicine, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Center for Obesity and Metabolic Disease Research, School of Basic Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis and Remodeling, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Qihang Zhong
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Female Fertility Promotion, Center for Reproductive Medicine, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology (Peking University Third Hospital), Beijing, China
| | - Chuan Ye
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Female Fertility Promotion, Center for Reproductive Medicine, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Center for Obesity and Metabolic Disease Research, School of Basic Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis and Remodeling, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Chuyu Yun
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Female Fertility Promotion, Center for Reproductive Medicine, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Center for Obesity and Metabolic Disease Research, School of Basic Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis and Remodeling, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Female Fertility Promotion, Center for Reproductive Medicine, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Center for Obesity and Metabolic Disease Research, School of Basic Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis and Remodeling, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Jue Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Department of Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Synthetic and Functional Biomolecules Center, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Rui Bao
- Center of Infectious Diseases, Division of Infectious Diseases in State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yanli Pang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Female Fertility Promotion, Center for Reproductive Medicine, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology (Peking University Third Hospital), Beijing, China
| | - Guang Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Frank J Gonzalez
- Laboratory of Metabolism, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Xiaoguang Lei
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Department of Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Synthetic and Functional Biomolecules Center, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Qiao
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Female Fertility Promotion, Center for Reproductive Medicine, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology (Peking University Third Hospital), Beijing, China
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Genomics, Beijing, China
| | - Changtao Jiang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Female Fertility Promotion, Center for Reproductive Medicine, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Center for Obesity and Metabolic Disease Research, School of Basic Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis and Remodeling, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Center of Basic Medical Research, Institute of Medical Innovation and Research, Third Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Tan L, Zhong MM, Liu Q, Chen Y, Zhao YQ, Zhao J, Dusenge MA, Feng Y, Ye Q, Hu J, Ou-Yang ZY, Zhou YH, Guo Y, Feng YZ. Potential interaction between the oral microbiota and COVID-19: a meta-analysis and bioinformatics prediction. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2023; 13:1193340. [PMID: 37351182 PMCID: PMC10282655 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1193340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives The purpose of this study was to evaluate available evidence on the association between the human oral microbiota and coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and summarize relevant data obtained during the pandemic. Methods We searched EMBASE, PubMed, and the Cochrane Library for human studies published up to October 2022. The main outcomes of the study were the differences in the diversity (α and β) and composition of the oral microbiota at the phylum and genus levels between patients with laboratory-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection (CPs) and healthy controls (HCs). We used the Human Protein Atlas (HPA), Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis (GEPIA) database, Protein-protein interaction (PPI) network (STRING) and Gene enrichment analysis (Metascape) to evaluate the expression of dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP4) (which is the cell receptor of SARS CoV-2) in oral tissues and evaluate its correlation with viral genes or changes in the oral microbiota. Results Out of 706 studies, a meta-analysis of 9 studies revealed a significantly lower alpha diversity (Shannon index) in CPs than in HCs (standardized mean difference (SMD): -0.53, 95% confidence intervals (95% CI): -0.97 to -0.09). Subgroup meta-analysis revealed a significantly lower alpha diversity (Shannon index) in older than younger individuals (SMD: -0.54, 95% CI: -0.86 to -0.23/SMD: -0.52, 95% CI: -1.18 to 0.14). At the genus level, the most significant changes were in Streptococcus and Neisseria, which had abundances that were significantly higher and lower in CPs than in HCs based on data obtained from six out of eleven and five out of eleven studies, respectively. DPP4 mRNA expression in the oral salivary gland was significantly lower in elderly individuals than in young individuals. Spearman correlation analysis showed that DPP4 expression was negatively correlated with the expression of viral genes. Gene enrichment analysis showed that DPP4-associated proteins were mainly enriched in biological processes, such as regulation of receptor-mediated endocytosis of viruses by host cells and bacterial invasion of epithelial cells. Conclusion The oral microbial composition in COVID-19 patients was significantly different from that in healthy individuals, especially among elderly individuals. DPP4 may be related to viral infection and dysbiosis of the oral microbiome in elderly individuals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Li Tan
- Department of Stomatology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Meng-Mei Zhong
- Department of Stomatology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Qiong Liu
- Department of Stomatology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yun Chen
- Department of Stomatology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Ya-Qiong Zhao
- Department of Stomatology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jie Zhao
- Department of Stomatology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Marie Aimee Dusenge
- Department of Stomatology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yao Feng
- Department of Stomatology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Qin Ye
- Department of Stomatology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jing Hu
- Department of Stomatology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Ze-Yue Ou-Yang
- Department of Stomatology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Ying-Hui Zhou
- National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Metabolic Bone Diseases, and Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yue Guo
- Department of Stomatology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yun-Zhi Feng
- Department of Stomatology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Lin B, Ye Z, Ye Z, Wang M, Cao Z, Gao R, Zhang Y. Gut microbiota in brain tumors: An emerging crucial player. CNS Neurosci Ther 2023; 29 Suppl 1:84-97. [PMID: 36627748 PMCID: PMC10314108 DOI: 10.1111/cns.14081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Revised: 12/18/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent decades, various roles of the gut microbiota in physiological and pathological conditions have been uncovered. Among the many interacting pathways between the host and gut flora, the gut-brain axis has drawn increasing attention and is generally considered a promising way to understand and treat brain tumors, one of the most lethal neoplasms. In this narrative review, we aimed to unveil and dissect the sophisticated mechanisms by which the gut-brain axis exerts its influence on brain tumors. Furthermore, we summarized the latest research regarding the gastrointestinal microbial landscape and the effect of gut-brain axis malfunction on different brain tumors. Finally, we outlined the ongoing developing approaches of microbial manipulation and their corresponding research related to neuro-malignancies. Collectively, we recapitulated the advances in gut microbial alterations along with their potential interactive mechanisms in brain tumors and encouraged increased efforts in this area.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ben Lin
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical CollegeFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
- National Center for Neurological DisordersShanghaiChina
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Restoration and Neural RegenerationShanghaiChina
- Neurosurgical Institute of Fudan UniversityShanghaiChina
- Shanghai Clinical Medical Center of NeurosurgeryShanghaiChina
| | - Zhen Ye
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical CollegeFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
- National Center for Neurological DisordersShanghaiChina
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Restoration and Neural RegenerationShanghaiChina
- Neurosurgical Institute of Fudan UniversityShanghaiChina
- Shanghai Clinical Medical Center of NeurosurgeryShanghaiChina
| | - Zhao Ye
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical CollegeFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
- National Center for Neurological DisordersShanghaiChina
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Restoration and Neural RegenerationShanghaiChina
- Neurosurgical Institute of Fudan UniversityShanghaiChina
- Shanghai Clinical Medical Center of NeurosurgeryShanghaiChina
| | - Meng Wang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical CollegeFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Zhan Cao
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of MedicineTongji UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Renyuan Gao
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of MedicineTongji UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Yichao Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical CollegeFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
- National Center for Neurological DisordersShanghaiChina
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Restoration and Neural RegenerationShanghaiChina
- Neurosurgical Institute of Fudan UniversityShanghaiChina
- Shanghai Clinical Medical Center of NeurosurgeryShanghaiChina
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Characterization of the recombinant PepX peptidase from Lactobacillus fermentum and its effect on gliadin protein hydrolysis in vitro. Biologia (Bratisl) 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11756-022-01273-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
12
|
Karbalaiee M, Chiti H, Mousavi SN, Afshar D. Low-carbohydrate hypo calorie diet has a beneficial effect on gut phyla and metabolic markers in healthy women with obesity: A randomized crossover study. OBESITY MEDICINE 2022; 35:100461. [DOI: 10.1016/j.obmed.2022.100461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/21/2023]
|
13
|
Stentz R, Jones E, Juodeikis R, Wegmann U, Guirro M, Goldson AJ, Brion A, Booth C, Sudhakar P, Brown IR, Korcsmáros T, Carding SR. The Proteome of Extracellular Vesicles Produced by the Human Gut Bacteria Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron In Vivo Is Influenced by Environmental and Host-Derived Factors. Appl Environ Microbiol 2022; 88:e0053322. [PMID: 35916501 PMCID: PMC9397113 DOI: 10.1128/aem.00533-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacterial extracellular vesicles (BEVs) released from both Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria provide an effective means of communication and trafficking of cell signaling molecules. In the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) BEVs produced by members of the intestinal microbiota can impact host health by mediating microbe-host cell interactions. A major unresolved question, however, is what factors influence the composition of BEV proteins and whether the host influences protein packaging into BEVs and secretion into the GIT. To address this, we have analyzed the proteome of BEVs produced by the major human gut symbiont Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron both in vitro and in vivo in the murine GIT in order to identify proteins specifically enriched in BEVs produced in vivo. We identified 113 proteins enriched in BEVs produced in vivo, the majority (62/113) of which accumulated in BEVs in the absence of any changes in their expression by the parental cells. Among these selectively enriched proteins, we identified dipeptidyl peptidases and an asparaginase and confirmed their increased activity in BEVs produced in vivo. We also showed that intact BEVs are capable of degrading bile acids via a bile salt hydrolase. Collectively these findings provide additional evidence for the dynamic interplay of host-microbe interactions in the GIT and the existence of an active mechanism to drive and enrich a selected group of proteins for secretion into BEVs in the GIT. IMPORTANCE The gastrointestinal tract (GIT) harbors a complex community of microbes termed the microbiota that plays a role in maintaining the host's health and wellbeing. How this comes about and the nature of microbe-host cell interactions in the GIT is still unclear. Recently, nanosized vesicles naturally produced by bacterial constituents of the microbiota have been shown to influence responses of different host cells although the molecular basis and identity of vesicle-born bacterial proteins that mediate these interactions is unclear. We show here that bacterial extracellular vesicles (BEVs) produced by the human symbiont Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron in the GIT are enriched in a set of proteins and enzymes, including dipeptidyl peptidases, an asparaginase and a bile salt hydrolase that can influence host cell biosynthetic pathways. Our results provide new insights into the molecular basis of microbiota-host interactions that are central to maintaining GIT homeostasis and health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Régis Stentz
- Gut Microbes and Health Research Programme, Quadram Institute Bioscience, Norwich, United Kingdom
| | - Emily Jones
- Gut Microbes and Health Research Programme, Quadram Institute Bioscience, Norwich, United Kingdom
| | - Rokas Juodeikis
- Gut Microbes and Health Research Programme, Quadram Institute Bioscience, Norwich, United Kingdom
| | - Udo Wegmann
- School of Chemistry, University East Anglia, Norwich, United Kingdom
| | - Maria Guirro
- Biochemistry and Biotechnology Department, Nutrigenomics Research Group, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Tarragona, Spain
- Eurecat, Centre Tecnològic de Catalunya, Centre for Omic Sciences (COS), Joint Unit Universitat Rovira i Virgili-EURECAT, Unique Scientific and Technical Infrastructures (ICTS), Reus, Spain
| | - Andrew J. Goldson
- Core Science Resources Quadram Institute Bioscience, Norwich, United Kingdom
| | - Arlaine Brion
- Core Science Resources Quadram Institute Bioscience, Norwich, United Kingdom
| | - Catherine Booth
- Core Science Resources Quadram Institute Bioscience, Norwich, United Kingdom
| | - Padhmanand Sudhakar
- Gut Microbes and Health Research Programme, Quadram Institute Bioscience, Norwich, United Kingdom
- Earlham Institute, Norwich, United Kingdom
- Department of Chronic Diseases, Metabolism and Ageing, TARGID, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Ian R. Brown
- School of Biosciences, University of Kent, Canterbury, United Kingdom
| | - Tamás Korcsmáros
- Gut Microbes and Health Research Programme, Quadram Institute Bioscience, Norwich, United Kingdom
- Earlham Institute, Norwich, United Kingdom
| | - Simon R. Carding
- Gut Microbes and Health Research Programme, Quadram Institute Bioscience, Norwich, United Kingdom
- Norwich Medical School, University East Anglia, Norwich, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Liu W, Luo Z, Zhou J, Sun B. Gut Microbiota and Antidiabetic Drugs: Perspectives of Personalized Treatment in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 12:853771. [PMID: 35711668 PMCID: PMC9194476 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.853771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Alterations in the composition and function of the gut microbiota have been reported in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Emerging studies show that prescribed antidiabetic drugs distort the gut microbiota signature associated with T2DM. Even more importantly, accumulated evidence provides support for the notion that gut microbiota, in turn, mediates the efficacy and safety of antidiabetic drugs. In this review, we highlight the current state-of-the-art knowledge on the crosstalk and interactions between gut microbiota and antidiabetic drugs, including metformin, α-glucosidase inhibitors, glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists, dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors, sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors, traditional Chinese medicines and other antidiabetic drugs, as well as address corresponding microbial-based therapeutics, aiming to provide novel preventative strategies and personalized therapeutic targets in T2DM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenhui Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacy, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhiying Luo
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacy, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jiecan Zhou
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Bao Sun
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacy, Central South University, Changsha, China
- *Correspondence: Bao Sun,
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
GLP1 Exerts Paracrine Activity in the Intestinal Lumen of Human Colon. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23073523. [PMID: 35408884 PMCID: PMC8998470 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23073523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Revised: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
GLP1 produced in the upper part of the gut is released after food intake and acts by activating insulin secretion, but the role of GLP1 in the colon, where it is predominantly produced, remains unknown. Here we characterized the apical versus basolateral secretion of GLP1 and PYY and the paracrine mechanisms of action of these enterohormones in the human colon. We stimulated human colon tissue in different ex vivo models with meat peptone and we used immunofluorescence to study the presence of canonical and non-canonical receptors of GLP1. We found that PYY and GLP1 are secreted mainly at the gut lumen in unstimulated and stimulated conditions. We detected DPP4 activity and found that GLP1R and GCGR are widely expressed in the human colon epithelium. Unlike GLP1R, GCGR is not expressed in the lamina propria, but it is located in the crypts of Lieberkühn. We detected GLP1R expression in human colon cell culture models. We show that the apical secretion of PYY and GLP1 occurs in humans, and we provide evidence that GLP1 has a potential direct paracrine function through the expression of its receptors in the colon epithelium, opening new therapeutic perspectives in the use of enterohormones analogues in metabolic pathologies.
Collapse
|
16
|
Ghosh S, Pramanik S. Structural diversity, functional aspects and future therapeutic applications of human gut microbiome. Arch Microbiol 2021; 203:5281-5308. [PMID: 34405262 PMCID: PMC8370661 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-021-02516-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2021] [Revised: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The research on human gut microbiome, regarded as the black box of the human body, is still at the stage of infancy as the functional properties of the complex gut microbiome have not yet been understood. Ongoing metagenomic studies have deciphered that the predominant microbial communities belong to eubacterial phyla Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, Proteobacteria, Fusobacteria, Cyanobacteria, Verrucomicrobia and archaebacterial phylum Euryarchaeota. The indigenous commensal microbial flora prevents opportunistic pathogenic infection and play undeniable roles in digestion, metabolite and signaling molecule production and controlling host's cellular health, immunity and neuropsychiatric behavior. Besides maintaining intestinal health via short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) production, gut microbes also aid in neuro-immuno-endocrine modulatory molecule production, immune cell differentiation and glucose and lipid metabolism. Interdependence of diet and intestinal microbial diversity suggests the effectiveness of pre- and pro-biotics in maintenance of gut and systemic health. Several companies worldwide have started potentially exploiting the microbial contribution to human health and have translated their use in disease management and therapeutic applications. The present review discusses the vast diversity of microorganisms playing intricate roles in human metabolism. The contribution of the intestinal microbiota to regulate systemic activities including gut-brain-immunity crosstalk has been focused. To the best of our knowledge, this review is the first of its kind to collate and discuss the companies worldwide translating the multi-therapeutic potential of human intestinal microbiota, based on the multi-omics studies, i.e. metagenomics and metabolomics, as ready solutions for several metabolic and systemic disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Soma Ghosh
- Kolkata Zonal Center, CSIR-National Environmental Engineering Research Institute, i-8 Sector-C, East Kolkata Township, Kolkata, 700107, India.
| | - Sreemanta Pramanik
- Kolkata Zonal Center, CSIR-National Environmental Engineering Research Institute, i-8 Sector-C, East Kolkata Township, Kolkata, 700107, India
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Woodford KB. Casomorphins and Gliadorphins Have Diverse Systemic Effects Spanning Gut, Brain and Internal Organs. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18157911. [PMID: 34360205 PMCID: PMC8345738 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18157911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Revised: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 07/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Food-derived opioid peptides include digestive products derived from cereal and dairy diets. If these opioid peptides breach the intestinal barrier, typically linked to permeability and constrained biosynthesis of dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP4), they can attach to opioid receptors. The widespread presence of opioid receptors spanning gut, brain, and internal organs is fundamental to the diverse and systemic effects of food-derived opioids, with effects being evidential across many health conditions. However, manifestation delays following low-intensity long-term exposure create major challenges for clinical trials. Accordingly, it has been easiest to demonstrate causal relationships in digestion-based research where some impacts occur rapidly. Within this environment, the role of the microbiome is evidential but challenging to further elucidate, with microbiome effects ranging across gut-condition indicators and modulators, and potentially as systemic causal factors. Elucidation requires a systemic framework that acknowledges that public-health effects of food-derived opioids are complex with varying genetic susceptibility and confounding factors, together with system-wide interactions and feedbacks. The specific role of the microbiome within this puzzle remains a medical frontier. The easiest albeit challenging nutritional strategy to modify risk is reduced intake of foods containing embedded opioids. In future, constituent modification within specific foods to reduce embedded opioids may become feasible.
Collapse
|
18
|
Charpentier J, Briand F, Lelouvier B, Servant F, Azalbert V, Puel A, Christensen JE, Waget A, Branchereau M, Garret C, Lluch J, Heymes C, Brousseau E, Burcelin R, Guzylack L, Sulpice T, Grasset E. Liraglutide targets the gut microbiota and the intestinal immune system to regulate insulin secretion. Acta Diabetol 2021; 58:881-897. [PMID: 33723651 DOI: 10.1007/s00592-020-01657-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Liraglutide controls type 2 diabetes (T2D) and inflammation. Gut microbiota regulates the immune system and causes at least in part type 2 diabetes. We here evaluated whether liraglutide regulates T2D through both gut microbiota and immunity in dysmetabolic mice. METHODS Diet-induced dysmetabolic mice were treated for 14 days with intraperitoneal injection of liraglutide (100 µg/kg) or with vehicle or Exendin 4 (10 µg/kg) as controls. Various metabolic parameters, the intestinal immune cells were characterized and the 16SrDNA gene sequenced from the gut. The causal role of gut microbiota was shown using large spectrum antibiotics and by colonization of germ-free mice with the gut microbiota from treated mice. RESULTS Besides, the expected metabolic impacts liraglutide treatment induced a specific gut microbiota specific signature when compared to vehicle or Ex4-treated mice. However, liraglutide only increased glucose-induced insulin secretion, reduced the frequency of Th1 lymphocytes, and increased that of TReg in the intestine. These effects were abolished by a concomitant antibiotic treatment. Colonization of germ-free mice with gut microbiota from liraglutide-treated diabetic mice improved glucose-induced insulin secretion and regulated the intestinal immune system differently from what observed in germ-free mice colonized with microbiota from non-treated diabetic mice. CONCLUSIONS Altogether, our result demonstrated first the influence of liraglutide on gut microbiota and the intestinal immune system which could at least in part control glucose-induced insulin secretion.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Julie Charpentier
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Toulouse, France
- Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 1048, Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires (I2MC), Université Paul Sabatier (UPS), Team 2: 'Intestinal Risk Factors Diabetes, Dyslipidemia', 31432, Toulouse Cedex 4, France
| | - Francois Briand
- PHYSIOGENEX SAS Prologue Biotech, 516 Rue Pierre et Marie Curie, 31670, Labège Innopole, France
| | - Benjamin Lelouvier
- Vaiomer, Prologue Biotech, 516 Rue Pierre et Marie Curie, 31670, Labège Innopole, France
| | - Florence Servant
- Vaiomer, Prologue Biotech, 516 Rue Pierre et Marie Curie, 31670, Labège Innopole, France
| | - Vincent Azalbert
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Toulouse, France
- Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 1048, Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires (I2MC), Université Paul Sabatier (UPS), Team 2: 'Intestinal Risk Factors Diabetes, Dyslipidemia', 31432, Toulouse Cedex 4, France
| | - Anthony Puel
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Toulouse, France
- Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 1048, Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires (I2MC), Université Paul Sabatier (UPS), Team 2: 'Intestinal Risk Factors Diabetes, Dyslipidemia', 31432, Toulouse Cedex 4, France
| | - Jeffrey E Christensen
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Toulouse, France
- Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 1048, Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires (I2MC), Université Paul Sabatier (UPS), Team 2: 'Intestinal Risk Factors Diabetes, Dyslipidemia', 31432, Toulouse Cedex 4, France
| | - Aurélie Waget
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Toulouse, France
- Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 1048, Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires (I2MC), Université Paul Sabatier (UPS), Team 2: 'Intestinal Risk Factors Diabetes, Dyslipidemia', 31432, Toulouse Cedex 4, France
| | - Maxime Branchereau
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Toulouse, France
- Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 1048, Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires (I2MC), Université Paul Sabatier (UPS), Team 2: 'Intestinal Risk Factors Diabetes, Dyslipidemia', 31432, Toulouse Cedex 4, France
| | - Céline Garret
- Vaiomer, Prologue Biotech, 516 Rue Pierre et Marie Curie, 31670, Labège Innopole, France
| | - Jérome Lluch
- Vaiomer, Prologue Biotech, 516 Rue Pierre et Marie Curie, 31670, Labège Innopole, France
| | - Christophe Heymes
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Toulouse, France
- Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 1048, Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires (I2MC), Université Paul Sabatier (UPS), Team 2: 'Intestinal Risk Factors Diabetes, Dyslipidemia', 31432, Toulouse Cedex 4, France
| | - Emmanuel Brousseau
- PHYSIOGENEX SAS Prologue Biotech, 516 Rue Pierre et Marie Curie, 31670, Labège Innopole, France
| | - Rémy Burcelin
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Toulouse, France.
- Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 1048, Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires (I2MC), Université Paul Sabatier (UPS), Team 2: 'Intestinal Risk Factors Diabetes, Dyslipidemia', 31432, Toulouse Cedex 4, France.
| | - Laurence Guzylack
- Neuro-Gastroenterology and Nutrition Team, Toxalim (Research Centre in Food Toxicology), Université de Toulouse, INRA, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Thierry Sulpice
- PHYSIOGENEX SAS Prologue Biotech, 516 Rue Pierre et Marie Curie, 31670, Labège Innopole, France
| | - Estelle Grasset
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Toulouse, France
- Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 1048, Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires (I2MC), Université Paul Sabatier (UPS), Team 2: 'Intestinal Risk Factors Diabetes, Dyslipidemia', 31432, Toulouse Cedex 4, France
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Habitual Dietary Intake Affects the Altered Pattern of Gut Microbiome by Acarbose in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13062107. [PMID: 34205413 PMCID: PMC8235473 DOI: 10.3390/nu13062107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Revised: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this research was to reveal the characteristics of gut microbiome altered by acarbose intervention in Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) and its possible association with habitual dietary intake. Eighteen patients with T2D were administered acarbose for four weeks. The abundances of two major phyla, namely Actinobacteria and Bacteroidetes, were reciprocally changed accompanied by the acarbose intervention. There were also significant changes in the abundances of ten genera, including the greater abundance of Bifidobacterium, Eubacterium, and Lactobacillus and the lower abundance of Bacteroides in the group after the intervention than that before the intervention. Hierarchical clustering of habitual dietary intake was performed based on the pattern of changes in the gut microbiota and were classified into distinct three clusters. Cluster I consisted of sucrose, cluster II mainly included fat intake, and cluster III mainly included carbohydrate intake. Moreover, the amount of change in Faecalibacterium was positively correlated with the intake of rice, but negatively correlated with the intake of bread. The intake of potato was negatively correlated with the amount of change in Akkermansia and Subdoligranulum. Acarbose altered the composition of gut microbiome in Japanese patients with T2D, which might be linked to the habitual dietary intake.
Collapse
|
20
|
Melo FJ, Pinto-Lopes P, Estevinho MM, Magro F. The Role of Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4 as a Therapeutic Target and Serum Biomarker in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Systematic Review. Inflamm Bowel Dis 2021; 27:1153-1165. [PMID: 33295607 DOI: 10.1093/ibd/izaa324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The roles dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP4), aminopeptidase N (APN), and their substrates in autoimmune diseases are being increasingly recognized. However, their significance in inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) is not entirely understood. This systematic review aims to discuss the pathophysiological processes related to these ectopeptidases while comparing findings from preclinical and clinical settings. METHODS This review was conducted according to the PRISMA guidelines. We performed a literature search in PubMed, SCOPUS, and Web of Science to identify all reports from inception until February 2020. The search included validated animal models of intestinal inflammation and studies in IBD patients. Quality assessment was performed using SYRCLE's risk of bias tool and CASP qualitative and cohort checklists. RESULTS From the 45 included studies, 36 were performed in animal models and 12 in humans (3 reports included both). Overall, the methodological quality of preclinical studies was acceptable. In animal models, DPP4 and APN inhibition significantly improved intestinal inflammation.Glucagon-like peptide (GLP)-1 and GLP-2 analogs and GLP-2-relase-inducing drugs also showed significant benefits in recovery from inflammatory damage. A nonsignificant trend toward disease remission with the GLP-2 analog teduglutide was observed in the sole interventional human study. All human studies reported an inverse correlation between soluble DPP4/CD26 levels and disease severity, in accordance with the proposal of DPP4 as a biomarker for IBD. CONCLUSIONS The use of DPP4 inhibitors and analogs of its substrates has clear benefits in the treatment of experimentally induced intestinal inflammation. Further research is warranted to validate their potential diagnostic and therapeutic applications in IBD patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Jorge Melo
- Department of Biomedicine, Unity of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Pedro Pinto-Lopes
- Department of Biomedicine, Unity of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Department of Internal Medicine, Tâmega e Sousa Hospital Center, Padre Américo Hospital, Penafiel, Portugal
| | - Maria Manuela Estevinho
- Department of Biomedicine, Unity of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Department of Gastroenterology, Vila Nova de Gaia/Espinho Hospital Center, Vila Nova de Gaia, Portugal
| | - Fernando Magro
- Department of Biomedicine, Unity of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Unit of Clinical Pharmacology, São João Hospital Center, Porto, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
D’Alessandro G, Lauro C, Quaglio D, Ghirga F, Botta B, Trettel F, Limatola C. Neuro-Signals from Gut Microbiota: Perspectives for Brain Glioma. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:2810. [PMID: 34199968 PMCID: PMC8200200 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13112810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Revised: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most aggressive form of glioma tumor in adult brain. Among the numerous factors responsible for GBM cell proliferation and invasion, neurotransmitters such as dopamine, serotonin and glutamate can play key roles. Studies performed in mice housed in germ-free (GF) conditions demonstrated the relevance of the gut-brain axis in a number of physiological and pathological conditions. The gut-brain communication is made possible by vagal/nervous and blood/lymphatic routes and pave the way for reciprocal modulation of functions. The gut microbiota produces and consumes a wide range of molecules, including neurotransmitters (dopamine, norepinephrine, serotonin, gamma-aminobutyric acid [GABA], and glutamate) that reach their cellular targets through the bloodstream. Growing evidence in animals suggests that modulation of these neurotransmitters by the microbiota impacts host neurophysiology and behavior, and affects neural cell progenitors and glial cells, along with having effects on tumor cell growth. In this review we propose a new perspective connecting neurotransmitter modulation by gut microbiota to glioma progression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppina D’Alessandro
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Sapienza University, 00185 Rome, Italy; (G.D.); (C.L.); (F.T.)
- IRCCS Neuromed, 86077 Pozzilli, IS, Italy
| | - Clotilde Lauro
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Sapienza University, 00185 Rome, Italy; (G.D.); (C.L.); (F.T.)
| | - Deborah Quaglio
- Department of Chemistry and Technology of Drugs, “Department of Excellence 2018−2022”, Sapienza University, P.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy; (D.Q.); (F.G.); (B.B.)
| | - Francesca Ghirga
- Department of Chemistry and Technology of Drugs, “Department of Excellence 2018−2022”, Sapienza University, P.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy; (D.Q.); (F.G.); (B.B.)
| | - Bruno Botta
- Department of Chemistry and Technology of Drugs, “Department of Excellence 2018−2022”, Sapienza University, P.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy; (D.Q.); (F.G.); (B.B.)
| | - Flavia Trettel
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Sapienza University, 00185 Rome, Italy; (G.D.); (C.L.); (F.T.)
| | - Cristina Limatola
- IRCCS Neuromed, 86077 Pozzilli, IS, Italy
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Sapienza University, Laboratory Affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia, 00185 Rome, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Ogawa Y, Akimoto Y, Ikemoto M, Goto Y, Ishikawa A, Ohta S, Takase Y, Kawakami H, Tsujimoto M, Yanoshita R. Stability of human salivary extracellular vesicles containing dipeptidyl peptidase IV under simulated gastrointestinal tract conditions. Biochem Biophys Rep 2021; 27:101034. [PMID: 34141904 PMCID: PMC8185177 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrep.2021.101034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2020] [Revised: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have been isolated from various sources, including primary and cultured cell lines and body fluids. Previous studies, including those conducted in our laboratory, have reported the stability of EVs under various storage conditions. Methods EVs from human whole saliva were separated via size-exclusion chromatography. To simulate the effects of gastric or intestinal fluids on the stability of EVs, pepsin or pancreatin was added to the samples. Additionally, to determine the effect of bile acids, sodium cholate was added. The samples were then subjected to western blotting, dynamic light scattering, and transmission electron microscopy analyses. In addition, the activity of dipeptidyl peptidase (DPP) IV retained in the samples was examined to monitor the stability of EVs. Results Under acidic conditions, with pepsin mimicking the milieu of the stomach, the EVs remained stable. However, they partially lost their membrane integrity in the presence of pancreatin and sodium cholate, indicating that they may be destabilized after passing through the duodenum. Although several associated proteins, such as mucin 5B and CD9 were degraded, DPP IV was stable, and its activity was retained under the simulated gastrointestinal conditions. Conclusion Our data indicate that although EVs can pass through the stomach without undergoing significant damage, they may be disrupted in the intestine to release their contents. The consistent delivery of active components such as DPP IV from EVs into the intestine might play a role in the efficient modulation of homeostasis of the signal transduction pathways occurring in the gastrointestinal tract. The morphology of EVs was retained after enzyme or sodium cholate treatment. Although EVs could pass through the stomach, they were disrupted in the intestine. DPP IV of EVs may remain intact following digestion and solubilization in the gastrointestinal tract.
Collapse
Key Words
- Alix, programmed cell death 6-interacting protein
- DLS, dynamic light scattering
- DPP IV, dipeptidyl peptidase IV
- Dipeptidyl peptidase IV
- EVs, extracellular vesicles
- Exosomes
- Extracellular vesicles
- Gastrointestinal condition
- Human whole saliva
- MCA, 4-methyl-coumaryl-7-amide
- PBS, phosphate buffered saline
- PLA2, phospholipase A2
- SD, standard deviation
- Stability
- TEM, transmission electron microscopic
- TSG101, tumor susceptibility gene 101
- WS, whole saliva
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuko Ogawa
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Teikyo Heisei University, 4-21-2 Nakano, Nakano-ku, Tokyo, 164-8530, Japan
- Corresponding author.
| | - Yoshihiro Akimoto
- Department of Anatomy, Kyorin University School of Medicine, 6-20-2 Shinkawa, Mitaka, Tokyo, 181-8611, Japan
| | - Mamoru Ikemoto
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Teikyo Heisei University, 4-21-2 Nakano, Nakano-ku, Tokyo, 164-8530, Japan
| | - Yoshikuni Goto
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Teikyo Heisei University, 4-21-2 Nakano, Nakano-ku, Tokyo, 164-8530, Japan
| | - Anna Ishikawa
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Teikyo Heisei University, 4-21-2 Nakano, Nakano-ku, Tokyo, 164-8530, Japan
| | - Sakura Ohta
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Teikyo Heisei University, 4-21-2 Nakano, Nakano-ku, Tokyo, 164-8530, Japan
| | - Yumi Takase
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Teikyo Heisei University, 4-21-2 Nakano, Nakano-ku, Tokyo, 164-8530, Japan
| | - Hayato Kawakami
- Department of Anatomy, Kyorin University School of Medicine, 6-20-2 Shinkawa, Mitaka, Tokyo, 181-8611, Japan
| | - Masafumi Tsujimoto
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Teikyo Heisei University, 4-21-2 Nakano, Nakano-ku, Tokyo, 164-8530, Japan
| | - Ryohei Yanoshita
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Teikyo Heisei University, 4-21-2 Nakano, Nakano-ku, Tokyo, 164-8530, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Tong Y, Gao H, Qi Q, Liu X, Li J, Gao J, Li P, Wang Y, Du L, Wang C. High fat diet, gut microbiome and gastrointestinal cancer. Theranostics 2021; 11:5889-5910. [PMID: 33897888 PMCID: PMC8058730 DOI: 10.7150/thno.56157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2020] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastrointestinal cancer is currently one of the main causes of cancer death, with a large number of cases and a wide range of lesioned sites. A high fat diet, as a public health problem, has been shown to be correlated with various digestive system diseases and tumors, and can accelerate the occurrence of cancer due to inflammation and altered metabolism. The gut microbiome has been the focus of research in recent years, and associated with cell damage or tumor immune microenvironment changes via direct or extra-intestinal effects; this may facilitate the occurrence and development of gastrointestinal tumors. Based on research showing that both a high fat diet and gut microbes can promote the occurrence of gastrointestinal tumors, and that a high fat diet imbalances intestinal microbes, we propose that a high fat diet drives gastrointestinal tumors by changing the composition of intestinal microbes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yao Tong
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Huiru Gao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Qiuchen Qi
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Xiaoyan Liu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Juan Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Jie Gao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Peilong Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Yunshan Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Lutao Du
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Chuanxin Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Shandong Engineering & Technology Research Center for Tumor Marker Detection, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Shandong Provincial Clinical Medicine Research Center for Clinical Laboratory, Jinan, Shandong, China
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Lemaire M, Ménard O, Cahu A, Nogret I, Briard-Bion V, Cudennec B, Cuinet I, Le Ruyet P, Baudry C, Dupont D, Blat S, Deglaire A, Le Huërou-Luron I. Addition of Dairy Lipids and Probiotic Lactobacillus fermentum in Infant Formulas Modulates Proteolysis and Lipolysis With Moderate Consequences on Gut Physiology and Metabolism in Yucatan Piglets. Front Nutr 2021; 8:615248. [PMID: 33718418 PMCID: PMC7943452 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2021.615248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2020] [Accepted: 01/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast milk is the gold standard in neonatal nutrition, but most infants are fed infant formulas in which lipids are usually of plant origin. The addition of dairy lipids and/or milk fat globule membrane extracts in formulas improves their composition with beneficial consequences on protein and lipid digestion. The probiotic Lactobacillus fermentum (Lf) was reported to reduce transit time in rat pups, which may also improve digestion. This study aimed to investigate the effects of the addition of dairy lipids in formulas, with or without Lf, on protein and lipid digestion and on gut physiology and metabolism. Piglets were suckled from postnatal days 2 to 28, with formulas containing either plant lipids (PL), a half-half mixture of plant and dairy lipids (DL), or this mixture supplemented with Lf (DL+Lf). At day 28, piglets were euthanized 90 min after their last feeding. Microstructure of digesta did not differ among formulas. Gastric proteolysis was increased (P < 0.01) in DL and DL+Lf (21.9 ± 2.1 and 22.6 ± 1.3%, respectively) compared with PL (17.3 ± 0.6%) and the residual proportion of gastric intact caseins decreased (p < 0.01) in DL+Lf (5.4 ± 2.5%) compared with PL and DL (10.6 ± 3.1% and 21.8 ± 6.8%, respectively). Peptide diversity in ileum and colon digesta was lower in PL compared to DL and DL+Lf. DL and DL+Lf displayed an increased (p < 0.01) proportion of diacylglycerol/cholesterol in jejunum and ileum digesta compared to PL and tended (p = 0.07) to have lower triglyceride/total lipid ratio in ileum DL+Lf (0.019 ± 0.003) as compared to PL (0.045 ± 0.011). The percentage of endocrine tissue and the number of islets in the pancreas were decreased (p < 0.05) in DL+Lf compared with DL. DL+Lf displayed a beneficial effect on host defenses [increased goblet cell density in jejunum (p < 0.05)] and a trophic effect [increased duodenal (p = 0.09) and jejunal (p < 0.05) weights]. Altogether, our results demonstrate that the addition of dairy lipids and probiotic Lf in infant formula modulated protein and lipid digestion, with consequences on lipid profile and with beneficial, although moderate, physiological effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marion Lemaire
- Institut NuMeCan, INRAE, INSERM, Univ Rennes, St-Gilles, France.,Lactalis R&D, Retiers, France
| | | | - Armelle Cahu
- Institut NuMeCan, INRAE, INSERM, Univ Rennes, St-Gilles, France
| | - Isabelle Nogret
- Institut NuMeCan, INRAE, INSERM, Univ Rennes, St-Gilles, France
| | | | - Benoit Cudennec
- UMR Transfrontalière BioEcoAgro, Univ. Lille, INRAE, Univ. Liège, UPJV, YNCREA, Univ. Artois, Univ. Littoral Côte d'Opale, ICV - Institut Charles Viollette, Lille, France
| | | | | | | | | | - Sophie Blat
- Institut NuMeCan, INRAE, INSERM, Univ Rennes, St-Gilles, France
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
25
|
Abstract
The homeostasis of the gut-brain axis has been shown to exert several effects on physiological and psychological health. The gut hormones released by enteroendocrine cells scattered throughout the gastrointestinal tract are important signaling molecules within the gut-brain axis. The interaction between gut microbiota and gut hormones has been greatly appreciated in gut-brain cross-talk. The microbiota plays an essential role in modulating many gut-brain axis-related diseases, ranging from gastrointestinal disorders to psychiatric diseases. Similarly, gut hormones also play pleiotropic and important roles in maintaining health, and are key signals involved in gut-brain axis. More importantly, gut microbiota can affect the release and functions of gut hormones. This review highlights the role of gut microbiota in the gut-brain axis and focuses on how microbiota-related gut hormones modulate various physiological functions. Future studies could target the microbiota-hormones-gut brain axis to develop novel therapeutics for different psychiatric and gastrointestinal disorders, such as obesity, anxiety, and depression.
Collapse
|
26
|
Barengolts E, Smith ED. Considerations for Gut Microbiota and Probiotics in Patients with Diabetes Amidst the Covid-19 Pandemic: A Narrative Review. Endocr Pract 2021; 26:1186-1195. [PMID: 33471720 PMCID: PMC7836311 DOI: 10.4158/ep-2020-0336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To review data implicating microbiota influences on Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) in patients with diabetes. Methods: Primary literature review included topics: “COVID-19,” “SARS,” “MERS,” “gut micro-biota,” “probiotics,” “immune system,” “ACE2,” and “metformin.” Results: Diabetes was prevalent (~11%) among COVID-19 patients and associated with increased mortality (about 3-fold) compared to patients without diabetes. COVID-19 could be associated with worsening diabetes control and new diabetes diagnosis that could be linked to high expression of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptors (coronavirus point of entry into the host) in the endocrine pancreas. A pre-existing gut microbiota imbalance (dysbiosis) could contribute to COVID-19–related complications in patients with diabetes. The COVID-19 virus was found in fecal samples (~55%), persisted for about 5 weeks, and could be associated with diarrhea, suggesting a role for gut dysbiosis. ACE2 expressed on enterocytes and colonocytes could serve as an alternative route for acquiring COVID-19. Experimental models proposed some probiotics, including Lactobacillus casei, L. plantarum, and L. salivarius, as vectors for delivering or enhancing efficacy of anti-coronavirus vaccines. These Lactobacillus probiotics were also beneficial for diabetes. The potential mechanisms for interconnections between coronavirus, diabetes, and gut microbiota could be related to the immune system, ACE2 pathway, and metformin treatment. There were suggestions but no proof supporting probiotics benefits for COVID-19 infection. Conclusion: The data suggested that the host environment including the gut microbiota could play a role for COVID-19 in patients with diabetes. It is a challenge to the scientific community to investigate the beneficial potential of the gut microbiota for strengthening host defense against coronavirus in patients with diabetes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elena Barengolts
- From the Department of Medicine, University of Illinois Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois; Department of Medicine, Jesse Brown VA Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois..
| | - Emily Daviau Smith
- From the Department of Medicine, University of Illinois Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois; Department of Medicine, Jesse Brown VA Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Larroya A, Pantoja J, Codoñer-Franch P, Cenit MC. Towards Tailored Gut Microbiome-Based and Dietary Interventions for Promoting the Development and Maintenance of a Healthy Brain. Front Pediatr 2021; 9:705859. [PMID: 34277527 PMCID: PMC8280474 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2021.705859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Mental health is determined by a complex interplay between the Neurological Exposome and the Human Genome. Multiple genetic and non-genetic (exposome) factors interact early in life, modulating the risk of developing the most common complex neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs), with potential long-term consequences on health. To date, the understating of the precise etiology underpinning these neurological alterations, and their clinical management pose a challenge. The crucial role played by diet and gut microbiota in brain development and functioning would indicate that modulating the gut-brain axis may help protect against the onset and progression of mental-health disorders. Some nutritional deficiencies and gut microbiota alterations have been linked to NDDs, suggesting their potential pathogenic implications. In addition, certain dietary interventions have emerged as promising alternatives or adjuvant strategies for improving the management of particular NDDs, at least in particular subsets of subjects. The gut microbiota can be a key to mediating the effects of other exposome factors such as diet on mental health, and ongoing research in Psychiatry and Neuropediatrics is developing Precision Nutrition Models to classify subjects according to a diet response prediction based on specific individual features, including microbiome signatures. Here, we review current scientific evidence for the impact of early life environmental factors, including diet, on gut microbiota and neuro-development, emphasizing the potential long-term consequences on health; and also summarize the state of the art regarding the mechanisms underlying diet and gut microbiota influence on the brain-gut axis. Furthermore, we describe the evidence supporting the key role played by gut microbiota, diet and nutrition in neurodevelopment, as well as the effectiveness of certain dietary and microbiome-based interventions aimed at preventing or treating NDDs. Finally, we emphasize the need for further research to gain greater insight into the complex interplay between diet, gut microbiome and brain development. Such knowledge would help towards achieving tailored integrative treatments, including personalized nutrition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ana Larroya
- Microbial Ecology, Nutrition & Health Research Unit, Institute of Agrochemistry and Food Technology, National Research Council (IATA-CSIC), Valencia, Spain
| | - Jorge Pantoja
- Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital De la Plana, Vila-Real, Castellón, Spain.,Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), Valencia, Spain
| | - Pilar Codoñer-Franch
- Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), Valencia, Spain.,Department of Pediatrics, Dr. Peset University Hospital, Valencia, Spain.,Department of Pediatrics, Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - María Carmen Cenit
- Microbial Ecology, Nutrition & Health Research Unit, Institute of Agrochemistry and Food Technology, National Research Council (IATA-CSIC), Valencia, Spain.,Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital De la Plana, Vila-Real, Castellón, Spain.,Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), Valencia, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Ding QY, Tian JX, Li M, Lian FM, Zhao LH, Wei XX, Han L, Zheng YJ, Gao ZZ, Yang HY, Fang XY, Tong XL. Interactions Between Therapeutics for Metabolic Disease, Cardiovascular Risk Factors, and Gut Microbiota. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2020; 10:530160. [PMID: 33194785 PMCID: PMC7644821 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2020.530160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
With improved standards of living, the incidence of multiple metabolic disorders has increased year by year, especially major risk factors for cardiovascular disease such as hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia, continues to increase. Emerging epidemiological data and clinical trials have shown the additional protective effects of some metabolic therapy drugs against cardiovascular diseases. A series of studies have found that these drugs may work by modulating the composition of gut microbiota. In this review, we provide a brief overview of the contribution of the gut microbiota to both metabolic disorders and cardiovascular diseases, as well as the response of gut microbiota to metabolic therapy drugs with cardiovascular benefits. In this manner, we link the recent advances in microbiome studies on metabolic treatment drugs with their cardiovascular protective effects, suggesting that intestinal microorganisms may play a potential role in reducing cardiovascular risk factors. We also discuss the potential of microorganism-targeted therapeutics as treatment strategies for preventing and/or treating cardiovascular disease and highlight the need to establish causal links between therapeutics for metabolic diseases, gut microbiota modulation, and cardiovascular protection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qi-You Ding
- Department of Endocrinology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.,Graduate College, Beijing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Jia-Xing Tian
- Department of Endocrinology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Min Li
- Department of Endocrinology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Feng-Mei Lian
- Department of Endocrinology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lin-Hua Zhao
- Department of Endocrinology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiu-Xiu Wei
- Department of Endocrinology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.,Graduate College, Beijing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Lin Han
- Department of Endocrinology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yu-Jiao Zheng
- Department of Endocrinology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.,Graduate College, Beijing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Ze-Zheng Gao
- Department of Endocrinology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.,Graduate College, Beijing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Hao-Yu Yang
- Department of Endocrinology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.,Graduate College, Beijing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Xin-Yi Fang
- Department of Endocrinology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.,Graduate College, Beijing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao-Lin Tong
- Department of Endocrinology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Gut-Pancreas-Liver Axis as a Target for Treatment of NAFLD/NASH. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21165820. [PMID: 32823659 PMCID: PMC7461212 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21165820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Revised: 08/04/2020] [Accepted: 08/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) represents the most common form of chronic liver disease worldwide. Due to its association with obesity and diabetes and the fall in hepatitis C virus morbidity, cirrhosis in NAFLD is becoming the most frequent indication to liver transplantation, but the pathogenetic mechanisms are still not completely understood. The so-called gut-liver axis has gained enormous interest when data showed that its alteration can lead to NAFLD development and might favor the occurrence of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). Moreover, several therapeutic approaches targeting the gut-pancreas-liver axis, e.g., incretins, showed promising results in NASH treatment. In this review, we describe the role of incretin hormones in NAFLD/NASH pathogenesis and treatment and how metagenomic/metabolomic alterations in the gut microbiota can lead to NASH in the presence of gut barrier modifications favoring the passage of bacteria or bacterial products in the portal circulation, i.e., bacterial translocation.
Collapse
|
30
|
The bidirectional nature of microbiome-epithelial cell interactions. Curr Opin Microbiol 2020; 56:45-51. [PMID: 32653776 DOI: 10.1016/j.mib.2020.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2020] [Revised: 06/07/2020] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The biogeography of the mammalian intestine is remarkable in that a vast microbial consortium exists inside the organism, surrounded by intestinal epithelial cells. The microbiome and the intestinal epithelium have developed a complex network of interactions that maintain intestinal homeostasis. We now recognize that functions of the epithelium are compartmentalized in specific intestinal epithelial cell subtypes. Furthermore, we are beginning to understand the ways in which microbes and their metabolic products impact the specific epithelial subsets. Here, we survey the mechanisms utilized by the microbiome to regulate intestinal epithelial function, and inversely, how different epithelial cell subtypes cooperate in regulating the microbiome.
Collapse
|
31
|
Balazki P, Schaller S, Eissing T, Lehr T. A Physiologically-Based Quantitative Systems Pharmacology Model of the Incretin Hormones GLP-1 and GIP and the DPP4 Inhibitor Sitagliptin. CPT-PHARMACOMETRICS & SYSTEMS PHARMACOLOGY 2020; 9:353-362. [PMID: 32543789 PMCID: PMC7306617 DOI: 10.1002/psp4.12520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2020] [Accepted: 05/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Incretin hormones glucagon‐like peptide‐1 (GLP‐1) and glucose‐dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) play a major role in regulation of postprandial glucose and the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus. The incretins are rapidly metabolized, primarily by the enzyme dipeptidyl‐peptidase 4 (DPP4), and the neutral endopeptidase (NEP), although the exact metabolization pathways are unknown. We developed a physiologically‐based (PB) quantitative systems pharmacology model of GLP‐1 and GIP and their metabolites that describes the secretion of the incretins in response to intraduodenal glucose infusions and their degradation by DPP4 and NEP. The model describes the observed data and suggests that NEP significantly contributes to the metabolization of GLP‐1, and the traditional assays for the total GLP‐1 and GIP forms measure yet unknown entities produced by NEP. We further extended the model with a PB pharmacokinetics/pharmacodynamics model of the DPP4 inhibitor sitagliptin that allows predictions of the effects of this medication class on incretin concentrations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pavel Balazki
- Clinical Pharmacy Department, Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany.,Clinical Pharmacometrics Department, Bayer AG, Leverkusen, Germany.,esqLABS GmbH, Saterland, Germany
| | | | - Thomas Eissing
- Clinical Pharmacometrics Department, Bayer AG, Leverkusen, Germany
| | - Thorsten Lehr
- Clinical Pharmacy Department, Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Opioid system influences gut-brain axis: Dysbiosis and related alterations. Pharmacol Res 2020; 159:104928. [PMID: 32504837 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2020.104928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2020] [Revised: 04/24/2020] [Accepted: 05/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Opioid drugs are widely used to treat chronic pain, but their misuse can lead to tolerance, dependence, and addiction and have created a significant public health problem. In addition, food-derived opioid peptides, known as exorphins, like gluten exorphins have been shown to have harmful effects in certain pathologies like celiac disease, for example. Several studies support the involvement of the opioid system in the development of disorders such as autism spectrum syndrome. Moreover, bidirectional communication between the intestine and brain has been shown to be altered in various neurodegenerative diseases including Alzheimer´s and Parkinson´s. The presence of opioid receptors in both the digestive tract and the central nervous system (CNS) suggests that opioid drugs and exorphins may modulate the gut-brain axis. Morphine, for example, has shown a dysbiotic effect on the bacterial microbiota in addition to inducing an increase in intestinal permeability facilitating bacterial translocation. Furthermore, certain components of bacteria can modify the expression of opioid receptors at the central level increasing sensitivity to pain. Strategies based on use of probiotics have resulted in improvements in symptoms of autism and Parkinson´s disease. In this manuscript, we review the role of the opioid system in disorders and CNS pathologies and the involvement of the gut-brain axis.
Collapse
|
33
|
Degradation of the Incretin Hormone Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 (GLP-1) by Enterococcus faecalis Metalloprotease GelE. mSphere 2020; 5:5/1/e00585-19. [PMID: 32051237 PMCID: PMC7021470 DOI: 10.1128/msphere.00585-19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Humans have a complex and interconnected relationship with their gastrointestinal microbiomes, yet our interest in the microbiome tends to focus on overt pathogenic or probiotic activities, leaving the roles that commensal species may have on host physiology and metabolic processes largely unexplored. Commensal organisms in the microbiome produce and secrete many factors that have an opportunity to interact with the gastrointestinal tract and host biology. Here, we show that a secreted protease from E. faecalis, GelE, is able to degrade the gastrointestinal hormone GLP-1, which is responsible for regulating glucose homeostasis and appetite in the body. The disruption of natural GLP-1 signaling by GelE may have significant consequences for maintaining healthy blood glucose levels and in the development of metabolic disease. Furthermore, this work deepens our understanding of specific host-microbiome interactions. Metabolic diseases, including type 2 diabetes and obesity, have become increasingly prevalent global health concerns. Studies over the past decade have established connections between the gastrointestinal microbiota and host metabolism, but the mechanisms behind these connections are only beginning to be understood. We were interested in identifying microbes that have the ability to modulate the levels of the incretin hormone glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1). Using a human-derived cell line that is capable of secreting GLP-1 in response to stimulatory ligands (NCI-H716), we identified supernatants from several bacterial isolates that were capable of decreasing GLP-1 levels, including several strains of Enterococcus faecalis. We further identified the secreted protease GelE, an established virulence factor from E. faecalis, as being responsible for GLP-1 inhibition via direct cleavage of GLP-1 by GelE. Finally, we demonstrated that E. faecalis supernatants can disrupt a colonic epithelial monolayer and cleave GLP-1 in a gelE-dependent manner. This work suggests that a secreted factor from an intestinal microbe can traverse the epithelial barrier and impact levels of an important intestinal hormone. IMPORTANCE Humans have a complex and interconnected relationship with their gastrointestinal microbiomes, yet our interest in the microbiome tends to focus on overt pathogenic or probiotic activities, leaving the roles that commensal species may have on host physiology and metabolic processes largely unexplored. Commensal organisms in the microbiome produce and secrete many factors that have an opportunity to interact with the gastrointestinal tract and host biology. Here, we show that a secreted protease from E. faecalis, GelE, is able to degrade the gastrointestinal hormone GLP-1, which is responsible for regulating glucose homeostasis and appetite in the body. The disruption of natural GLP-1 signaling by GelE may have significant consequences for maintaining healthy blood glucose levels and in the development of metabolic disease. Furthermore, this work deepens our understanding of specific host-microbiome interactions.
Collapse
|
34
|
Grembi JA, Nguyen LH, Haggerty TD, Gardner CD, Holmes SP, Parsonnet J. Gut microbiota plasticity is correlated with sustained weight loss on a low-carb or low-fat dietary intervention. Sci Rep 2020; 10:1405. [PMID: 31996717 PMCID: PMC6989501 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-58000-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2019] [Accepted: 01/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
While low-carbohydrate and low-fat diets can both lead to weight-loss, a substantial variability in achieved long-term outcomes exists among obese but otherwise healthy adults. We examined the hypothesis that structural differences in the gut microbiota explain a portion of variability in weight-loss using two cohorts of obese adults enrolled in the Diet Intervention Examining The Factors Interacting with Treatment Success (DIETFITS) study. A total of 161 pre-diet fecal samples were sequenced from a discovery cohort (n = 66) and 106 from a validation cohort (n = 56). An additional 157 fecal samples were sequenced from the discovery cohort after 10 weeks of dietary intervention. We found no specific bacterial signatures associated with weight loss that were consistent across both cohorts. However, the gut microbiota plasticity (i.e. variability), was correlated with long-term (12-month) weight loss in a diet-dependent manner; on the low-fat diet subjects with higher pre-diet daily plasticity had higher sustained weight loss, whereas on the low-carbohydrate diet those with higher plasticity over 10 weeks of dieting had higher 12-month weight loss. Our findings suggest the potential importance of gut microbiota plasticity for sustained weight-loss. We highlight the advantages of evaluating kinetic trends and assessing reproducibility in studies of the gut microbiota.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jessica A Grembi
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Stanford University, 318 Campus Drive E250 Clark Center, Stanford, CA, 94305, United States.
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, 291 Campus Drive, Stanford, CA, 94305, United States.
| | - Lan H Nguyen
- Institute for Computational and Mathematical Engineering, Stanford University, 475 Via Ortega, Stanford, CA, 94305, United States
| | - Thomas D Haggerty
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, 291 Campus Drive, Stanford, CA, 94305, United States
| | - Christopher D Gardner
- Stanford Prevention Research Center, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, 1265 Welch Road, Stanford, CA, 94305, United States
| | - Susan P Holmes
- Department of Statistics, Stanford University, 390 Serra Mall, Stanford, CA, 94305, United States
| | - Julie Parsonnet
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, 291 Campus Drive, Stanford, CA, 94305, United States
- Department of Health Research and Policy, Stanford University School of Medicine, 150 Governor's Ln, Stanford, CA, 94305, United States
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Khodadoost M, Niknam Z, Farahani M, Razzaghi M, Norouzinia M. Investigating the human protein-host protein interactome of SARS-CoV-2 infection in the small intestine. GASTROENTEROLOGY AND HEPATOLOGY FROM BED TO BENCH 2020; 13:374-387. [PMID: 33244381 PMCID: PMC7682973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2020] [Accepted: 08/18/2020] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
AIM The present study aimed to identify human protein-host protein interactions of SARS-CoV-2 infection in the small intestine to discern the potential mechanisms and gain insights into the associated biomarkers and treatment strategies. BACKGROUND Deciphering the tissue and organ interactions of the SARS-CoV-2 infection can be important to discern the potential underlying mechanisms. In the present study, we investigated the human protein-host protein interactions in the small intestine. METHODS Public databases and published works were used to collect data related to small intestine tissue and SARS-CoV-2 infection. We constructed a human protein-protein interaction (PPI) network and showed interactions of host proteins in the small intestine. Associated modules, biological processes, functional pathways, regulatory transcription factors, disease ontology categories, and possible drug candidates for therapeutic targets were identified. RESULTS Thirteen primary protein neighbors were found for the SARS-CoV-2 receptor ACE2. ACE2 and its four partners were observed in a highly clustered module; moreover, 8 host proteins belonged to this module. The protein digestion and absorption as a significant pathway was highlighted with enriched genes of ACE2, MEP1A, MEP1B, DPP4, and XPNPEP2. The HNF4A, HNF1A, and HNF1B transcription factors were found to be regulating the expression of ACE2. A significant association with 12 diseases was deciphered and 116 drug-target interactions were identified. CONCLUSION The protein-host protein interactome revealed the important elements and interactions for SARS-CoV-2 infection in the small intestine, which can be useful in clarifying the mechanisms of gastrointestinal symptoms and inflammation. The results suggest that antiviral targeting of these interactions may improve the condition of COVID-19 patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud Khodadoost
- Department of Traditional Medicine, School of Traditional Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Niknam
- Proteomics Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Masoumeh Farahani
- Proteomics Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammadreza Razzaghi
- Laser Application in Medical Sciences Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohsen Norouzinia
- Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases Research Center, Research Institute of Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Olivares M, Rodriguez J, Pötgens SA, Neyrinck AM, Cani PD, Bindels LB, Delzenne NM. The Janus Face of Cereals: Wheat-Derived Prebiotics Counteract the Detrimental Effect of Gluten on Metabolic Homeostasis in Mice Fed a High-Fat/High-Sucrose Diet. Mol Nutr Food Res 2019; 63:e1900632. [PMID: 31608562 PMCID: PMC7003472 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201900632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2019] [Revised: 10/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
SCOPE Cereals are important sources of carbohydrates, but also contain nutrients that could impact adiposity. The contribution of gluten to obesity and the effects of prebiotics-arabinoxylo-oligosaccharides (AXOS) and fructo-oligosaccharides (FOS)-that can be extracted from gluten-containing cereals are analyzed. METHODS AND RESULTS Mice are fed a control diet, Western diet (WD, consisting of high fat/high sucrose), or WD with 5% gluten. Prebiotics are tested in the WD with gluten. Gluten does not increase body weight and has a minor effect on ileal inflammation. Gluten decreases the expression of browning markers in the fat and increases the triglycerides synthesis in the muscle. AXOS decreases body weight and adiposity in fat pads muscle and liver. AXOS promotes gluten cleavage by the induction of prolyl endopeptidase that is translated into a reduction of gluten immunogenic peptides. Gluten has minor effects on cecal microbiota composition, whereas prebiotics increased Bifidobacterium, Butyricicoccus, Prevotella, and Parasutterella, which are all negatively correlated to the cecal content of gluten peptides. CONCLUSION While gluten may affect metabolic homeostasis, these effects are lessened when gluten is consumed along with cereal-derived fibers. If confirmed in humans, the authors bring new arguments to eat fiber-rich cereals to promote a healthy diet.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marta Olivares
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Louvain Drug Research InstituteUniversité catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain)B‐1200BrusselsBelgium
| | - Julie Rodriguez
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Louvain Drug Research InstituteUniversité catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain)B‐1200BrusselsBelgium
| | - Sarah A. Pötgens
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Louvain Drug Research InstituteUniversité catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain)B‐1200BrusselsBelgium
| | - Audrey M. Neyrinck
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Louvain Drug Research InstituteUniversité catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain)B‐1200BrusselsBelgium
| | - Patrice D. Cani
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Louvain Drug Research InstituteUniversité catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain)B‐1200BrusselsBelgium
- Walloon Excellence in Life sciences and BIOtechnology (WELBIO)Louvain Drug Research InstituteUCLouvainB‐1200BrusselsBelgium
| | - Laure B. Bindels
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Louvain Drug Research InstituteUniversité catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain)B‐1200BrusselsBelgium
| | - Nathalie M. Delzenne
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Louvain Drug Research InstituteUniversité catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain)B‐1200BrusselsBelgium
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Depommier C, Everard A, Druart C, Plovier H, Van Hul M, Vieira-Silva S, Falony G, Raes J, Maiter D, Delzenne NM, de Barsy M, Loumaye A, Hermans MP, Thissen JP, de Vos WM, Cani PD. Supplementation with Akkermansia muciniphila in overweight and obese human volunteers: a proof-of-concept exploratory study. Nat Med 2019; 25:1096-1103. [PMID: 31263284 PMCID: PMC6699990 DOI: 10.1038/s41591-019-0495-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1136] [Impact Index Per Article: 227.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2018] [Accepted: 05/22/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome is characterized by a constellation of comorbidities that predispose individuals to an increased risk of developing cardiovascular pathologies as well as type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM)1. The gut microbiota is considered as a new key contributor involved in the onset of obesity-related disorders2. In humans, studies have provided evidence for a negative correlation between Akkermansia muciniphila abundance and overweight, obesity, untreated T2DM, or hypertension3–8. As the administration of A.muciniphila has never been investigated in humans, we conducted a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled pilot study in overweight/obese insulin resistant volunteers, 40 were enroled and 32 completed the trial. The primary endpoints were on safety, tolerability and metabolic parameters (i.e., insulin resistance, circulating lipids, visceral adiposity, body mass). The secondary outcomes were the gut barrier function (i.e., plasma lipopolysacharrides (LPS) and gut microbiota composition. In this single-center study, we demonstrated that daily oral supplementation of 1010 bacteria either alive or pasteurized A.muciniphila for 3 months was safe and well tolerated. Compared to the Placebo, pasteurized A.muciniphila improved insulin sensitivity (+28.62±7.02%, P=0.002), reduced insulinemia (-34.08±7.12%, P=0.006) and plasma total cholesterol (-8.68±2.38%, P=0.02). Pasteurized A.muciniphila supplementation slightly decreased body weight (-2.27±0.92kg, P=0.091) as compared to the Placebo group, and fat mass (-1.37±0.82kg, P=0.092) and hip circumference (-2.63±1.14cm, P = 0.091) as compared to baseline. After 3 months of supplementation, A.muciniphila reduced the levels of relevant blood markers of liver dysfunction and inflammation while the overall gut microbiome structure was unaffected. In conclusion, this proof-of-concept study (NCT02637115) shows that the intervention was safe and well-tolerated and that the supplementation with A.muciniphila improves several metabolic paramaters.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Clara Depommier
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, WELBIO, Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and BIOtechnology, UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Amandine Everard
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, WELBIO, Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and BIOtechnology, UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Céline Druart
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, WELBIO, Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and BIOtechnology, UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Hubert Plovier
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, WELBIO, Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and BIOtechnology, UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Matthias Van Hul
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, WELBIO, Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and BIOtechnology, UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Sara Vieira-Silva
- Laboratory of Molecular Bacteriology-Department of Microbiology and Immunology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,Center for Microbiology, VIB, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Gwen Falony
- Laboratory of Molecular Bacteriology-Department of Microbiology and Immunology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,Center for Microbiology, VIB, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jeroen Raes
- Laboratory of Molecular Bacteriology-Department of Microbiology and Immunology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,Center for Microbiology, VIB, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Dominique Maiter
- Pôle EDIN, Institut de Recherches Expérimentales et Cliniques, UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium.,Division of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Cliniques universitaires St-Luc, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Nathalie M Delzenne
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Marie de Barsy
- Pôle EDIN, Institut de Recherches Expérimentales et Cliniques, UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium.,Division of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Cliniques universitaires St-Luc, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Audrey Loumaye
- Pôle EDIN, Institut de Recherches Expérimentales et Cliniques, UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium.,Division of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Cliniques universitaires St-Luc, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Michel P Hermans
- Pôle EDIN, Institut de Recherches Expérimentales et Cliniques, UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium.,Division of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Cliniques universitaires St-Luc, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Jean-Paul Thissen
- Pôle EDIN, Institut de Recherches Expérimentales et Cliniques, UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium.,Division of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Cliniques universitaires St-Luc, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Willem M de Vos
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Wageningen University, Wageningen, the Netherlands.,Human Microbiome Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Patrice D Cani
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, WELBIO, Walloon Excellence in Life Sciences and BIOtechnology, UCLouvain, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium.
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Aruoma OI, Hausman-Cohen S, Pizano J, Schmidt MA, Minich DM, Joffe Y, Brandhorst S, Evans SJ, Brady DM. Personalized Nutrition: Translating the Science of NutriGenomics Into Practice: Proceedings From the 2018 American College of Nutrition Meeting. J Am Coll Nutr 2019; 38:287-301. [DOI: 10.1080/07315724.2019.1582980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Okezie I Aruoma
- California State University Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Southern California University of Health Sciences, Whittier, California, USA
| | | | - Jessica Pizano
- Nutritional Genomics Institute, SNPed, and OmicsDX, Chasterfield, Virginia, USA
| | - Michael A. Schmidt
- Advanced Pattern Analysis & Countermeasures Group, Boulder, Colorado, USA
- Sovaris Aerospace, Boulder, Colorado, USA
| | - Deanna M. Minich
- University of Western States, Portland, Oregon, USA
- Institute for Functional Medicine, Federal Way, Washington, USA
| | - Yael Joffe
- 3X4 Genetics and Manuka Science, Cape Town, South Africa
| | | | | | - David M. Brady
- University of Bridgeport, Bridgeport, Connecticut, USA
- Whole Body Medicine, Fairfield, Connecticut, USA
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Martin AM, Sun EW, Rogers GB, Keating DJ. The Influence of the Gut Microbiome on Host Metabolism Through the Regulation of Gut Hormone Release. Front Physiol 2019; 10:428. [PMID: 31057420 PMCID: PMC6477058 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2019.00428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 184] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2019] [Accepted: 03/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The microbial community of the gut conveys significant benefits to host physiology. A clear relationship has now been established between gut bacteria and host metabolism in which microbial-mediated gut hormone release plays an important role. Within the gut lumen, bacteria produce a number of metabolites and contain structural components that act as signaling molecules to a number of cell types within the mucosa. Enteroendocrine cells within the mucosal lining of the gut synthesize and secrete a number of hormones including CCK, PYY, GLP-1, GIP, and 5-HT, which have regulatory roles in key metabolic processes such as insulin sensitivity, glucose tolerance, fat storage, and appetite. Release of these hormones can be influenced by the presence of bacteria and their metabolites within the gut and as such, microbial-mediated gut hormone release is an important component of microbial regulation of host metabolism. Dietary or pharmacological interventions which alter the gut microbiome therefore pose as potential therapeutics for the treatment of human metabolic disorders. This review aims to describe the complex interaction between intestinal microbiota and their metabolites and gut enteroendocrine cells, and highlight how the gut microbiome can influence host metabolism through the regulation of gut hormone release.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alyce M Martin
- Molecular and Cellular Physiology Laboratory, College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Emily W Sun
- Molecular and Cellular Physiology Laboratory, College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Geraint B Rogers
- Microbiome Research Laboratory, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, Australia.,Infection and Immunity, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Damien J Keating
- Molecular and Cellular Physiology Laboratory, College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, Australia.,Nutrition and Metabolism, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Kyriachenko Y, Falalyeyeva T, Korotkyi O, Molochek N, Kobyliak N. Crosstalk between gut microbiota and antidiabetic drug action. World J Diabetes 2019; 10:154-168. [PMID: 30891151 PMCID: PMC6422856 DOI: 10.4239/wjd.v10.i3.154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2019] [Revised: 03/10/2019] [Accepted: 03/11/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a disorder characterized by chronic inflated blood glucose levels (hyperglycemia), at first due to insulin resistance and unregulated insulin secretion but with tendency towards global spreading. The gut microbiota is recognized to have an influence on T2D, although surveys have not formed a clear overview to date. Because of the interactions between gut microbiota and host homeostasis, intestinal bacteria are believed to play a large role in various diseases, including metabolic syndrome, obesity and associated disease. In this review, we highlight the animal and human studies which have elucidated the roles of metformin, α-glucosidase inhibitors, glucagon-like peptide-1 agonists, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors γ agonists, inhibitors of dipeptidyl peptidase-4, sodium/glucose cotransporter inhibitors, and other less studied medications on gut microbiota. This review is dedicated to one of the most widespread diseases, T2D, and the currently used antidiabetic drugs and most promising new findings. In general, the gut microbiota has been shown to have an influence on host metabolism, food consumption, satiety, glucose homoeostasis, and weight gain. Altered intestinal microbiota composition has been noticed in cardiovascular diseases, colon cancer, rheumatoid arthritis, T2D, and obesity. Therefore, the main effect of antidiabetic drugs is on the microbiome composition, basically increasing the short-chain fatty acids-producing bacteria, responsible for losing weight and suppressing inflammation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yevheniia Kyriachenko
- Educational and Scientific Centre “Institute of Biology and Medicine”, Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv 01601, Ukraine
| | - Tetyana Falalyeyeva
- Educational and Scientific Centre “Institute of Biology and Medicine”, Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv 01601, Ukraine
| | - Oleksandr Korotkyi
- Educational and Scientific Centre “Institute of Biology and Medicine”, Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv 01601, Ukraine
| | - Nataliia Molochek
- Educational and Scientific Centre “Institute of Biology and Medicine”, Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv 01601, Ukraine
| | - Nazarii Kobyliak
- Endocrinology Department, Bogomolets National Medical University, Kyiv 01601, Ukraine
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Da Silva RR. Commentary: The Potential Role of the Dipeptidyl Peptidase-4-Like Activity From the Gut Microbiota on the Host Health. Front Microbiol 2019; 9:3313. [PMID: 30687289 PMCID: PMC6335356 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.03313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2018] [Accepted: 12/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ronivaldo Rodrigues Da Silva
- Instituto de Biociências, Letras e Ciências Exatas, Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho (UNESP), São José do Rio Preto, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|