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Stastna M. The Role of Proteomics in Identification of Key Proteins of Bacterial Cells with Focus on Probiotic Bacteria. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:8564. [PMID: 39201251 PMCID: PMC11354107 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25168564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2024] [Revised: 07/24/2024] [Accepted: 07/26/2024] [Indexed: 09/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Probiotics can affect human health, keep the balance between beneficial and pathogenic bacteria, and their colonizing abilities enable the enhancement of the epithelial barrier, preventing the invasion of pathogens. Health benefits of probiotics were related to allergy, depression, eczema, cancer, obesity, inflammatory diseases, viral infections, and immune regulation. Probiotic bacterial cells contain various proteins that function as effector molecules, and explaining their roles in probiotic actions is a key to developing efficient and targeted treatments for various disorders. Systematic proteomic studies of probiotic proteins (probioproteomics) can provide information about the type of proteins involved, their expression levels, and the pathological changes. Advanced proteomic methods with mass spectrometry instrumentation and bioinformatics can point out potential candidates of next-generation probiotics that are regulated under pharmaceutical frameworks. In addition, the application of proteomics with other omics methods creates a powerful tool that can expand our understanding about diverse probiotic functionality. In this review, proteomic strategies for identification/quantitation of the proteins in probiotic bacteria were overviewed. The types of probiotic proteins investigated by proteomics were described, such as intracellular proteins, surface proteins, secreted proteins, and the proteins of extracellular vesicles. Examples of pathological conditions in which probiotic bacteria played crucial roles were discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miroslava Stastna
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Veveri 97, 602 00 Brno, Czech Republic
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2
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Goya-Jorge E, Gonza I, Bondue P, Druart G, Al-Chihab M, Boutaleb S, Douny C, Taminiau B, Daube G, Scippo ML, Thonart P, Delcenserie V. Unveiling the influence of a probiotic combination of Heyndrickxia coagulans and Lacticaseibacillus casei on healthy human gut microbiota using the TripleSHIME® system. Microbiol Res 2024; 285:127778. [PMID: 38823185 DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2024.127778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2023] [Revised: 04/30/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/03/2024]
Abstract
Probiotics are host-friendly microorganisms that can have important health benefits in the human gut microbiota as dietary supplements. Maintaining a healthy gut microbial balance relies on the intricate interplay among the intestinal microbiota, metabolic activities, and the host's immune response. This study aims to explore if a mixture of Heyndrickxia coagulans [ATB-BCS-042] and Lacticaseibacillus casei [THT-030-401] promotes in vitro this balance in representative gut microbiota from healthy individuals using the Triple-SHIME® (Simulation of the Human Intestinal Microbial Ecosystem). Metataxonomic analysis of the intestinal microbes revealed that the probiotic mix was not causing important disruptions in the biodiversity or microbial composition of the three simulated microbiota. However, some targeted populations analyzed by qPCR were found to be disrupted at the end of the probiotic treatment or after one week of washout. Populations such as Cluster IV, Cluster XVIa, and Roseburia spp., were increased indicating a potential gut health-promoting butyrogenic effect of the probiotic supplementation. In two of the systems, bifidogenic effects were observed, while in the third, the treatment caused a decrease in bifidobacteria. For the health-detrimental biomarker Escherichia-Shigella, a mild decrease in all systems was observed in the proximal colon sections, but these genera were highly increased in the distal colon sections. By the end of the washout, Bacteroides-Prevotella was found consistently boosted, which could have inflammatory consequences in the intestinal context. Although the probiotics had minimal influence on most quantified metabolites, ammonia consistently decreased after one week of daily probiotic supplementation. In reporter gene assays, aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) activation was favored by the metabolic output obtained from post-treatment periods. Exposure of a human intestinal cell model to fermentation supernatant obtained after probiotic supplementation induced a trend to decrease the mRNA expression of immunomodulatory cytokines (IL-6, IL-8). Overall, with some exceptions, a positive impact of H. coagulans and L. casei probiotic mix was observed in the three parallel experiments, despite inter-individual differences. This study might serve as an in vitro pipeline for the impact assessment of probiotic combinations on the human gut microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Goya-Jorge
- Laboratory of Food Quality Management, Department of Food Sciences, FARAH - Veterinary Public Health, University of Liège, Liège 4000, Belgium; Intestinal Regenerative Medicine Lab, Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27607, USA.
| | - Irma Gonza
- Laboratory of Food Quality Management, Department of Food Sciences, FARAH - Veterinary Public Health, University of Liège, Liège 4000, Belgium.
| | - Pauline Bondue
- Laboratory of Food Quality Management, Department of Food Sciences, FARAH - Veterinary Public Health, University of Liège, Liège 4000, Belgium.
| | - Germain Druart
- Lacto Research sprl., Rue Herman Meganck 21, Gembloux-les Isnes 5032, Belgium.
| | - Mohamed Al-Chihab
- Lacto Research sprl., Rue Herman Meganck 21, Gembloux-les Isnes 5032, Belgium.
| | - Samiha Boutaleb
- Laboratory of Food Analysis, Department of Food Sciences, FARAH - Veterinary Public Health, University of Liège, Liège 4000, Belgium.
| | - Caroline Douny
- Laboratory of Food Analysis, Department of Food Sciences, FARAH - Veterinary Public Health, University of Liège, Liège 4000, Belgium.
| | - Bernard Taminiau
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Department of Food Sciences, FARAH - Veterinary Public Health, University of Liège, Liège 4000, Belgium.
| | - Georges Daube
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Department of Food Sciences, FARAH - Veterinary Public Health, University of Liège, Liège 4000, Belgium.
| | - Marie-Louise Scippo
- Laboratory of Food Analysis, Department of Food Sciences, FARAH - Veterinary Public Health, University of Liège, Liège 4000, Belgium.
| | - Philippe Thonart
- Lacto Research sprl., Rue Herman Meganck 21, Gembloux-les Isnes 5032, Belgium.
| | - Véronique Delcenserie
- Laboratory of Food Quality Management, Department of Food Sciences, FARAH - Veterinary Public Health, University of Liège, Liège 4000, Belgium.
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Grabner F M, Grabner H M, Schein H, Schrank A, Töglhofer M, Weidenholzer E, Rückert-Reed C, Busche T, Buchebner-Jance M. Lacticaseibacillus parahuelsenbergensis sp. nov., Lacticaseibacillus styriensis sp. nov. and Lacticaseibacillus zeae subsp. silagei subsp. nov., isolated from different grass and corn silage. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2024; 74:006441. [PMID: 38954457 PMCID: PMC11316572 DOI: 10.1099/ijsem.0.006441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Four rod-shaped, non-motile, non-spore-forming, facultative anaerobic, Gram-stain-positive lactic acid bacteria, designated as EB0058T, SCR0080, LD0937T and SCR0063T, were isolated from different corn and grass silage samples. The isolated strains were characterized using a polyphasic approach and EB0058T and SCR0080 were identified as Lacticaseibacillus zeae by 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis. Based on whole-genome sequence-based characterization, EB0058T and SCR0080 were separated into a distinct clade from Lacticaseibacillus zeae DSM 20178T, together with CECT9104 and UD2202, whose genomic sequences are available from NCBI GenBank. The average nucleotide identity (ANI) values within the new subgroup are 99.9 % and the digital DNA-DNA hybridization (dDDH) values are 99.3-99.9 %, respectively. In contrast, comparison of the new subgroup with publicly available genomic sequences of L. zeae strains, including the type strain DSM 20178T, revealed dDDH values of 70.2-72.5 % and ANI values of 96.2-96.6 %. Based on their chemotaxonomic, phenotypic and phylogenetic characteristics, EB0058T and SCR0080 represent a new subspecies of L. zeae. The name Lacticaseibacillus zeae subsp. silagei subsp. nov. is proposed with the type strain EB0058T (=DSM 116376T=NCIMB 15474T). According to the results of 16S rRNA gene sequencing, LD0937T and SCR0063T are members of the Lacticaseibacillus group. The dDDH value between the isolates LD0937T and SCR0063T was 67.6 %, which is below the species threshold of 70 %, clearly showing that these two isolates belong to different species. For both strains, whole genome-sequencing revealed that the closest relatives within the Lacticaseibacillus group were Lacticaseibacillus huelsenbergensis DSM 115425 (dDDH 66.5 and 65.9 %) and Lacticaseibacillus casei DSM 20011T (dDDH 64.1 and 64.9 %). Based on the genomic, chemotaxonomic and morphological data obtained in this study, two novel species, Lacticaseibacillus parahuelsenbergensis sp. nov. and Lacticaseibacillus styriensis sp. nov. are proposed and the type strains are LD0937T (=DSM 116105T=NCIMB 15471T) and SCR0063T (=DSM 116297T=NCIMB 15473T), respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Grabner F
- Lactosan GmbH & Co.KG, Industriestraße West 5, 8605 Kapfenberg, Austria
| | - Monika Grabner H
- Lactosan GmbH & Co.KG, Industriestraße West 5, 8605 Kapfenberg, Austria
| | - Hermine Schein
- Lactosan GmbH & Co.KG, Industriestraße West 5, 8605 Kapfenberg, Austria
| | - Andrea Schrank
- Lactosan GmbH & Co.KG, Industriestraße West 5, 8605 Kapfenberg, Austria
| | - Manuela Töglhofer
- Lactosan GmbH & Co.KG, Industriestraße West 5, 8605 Kapfenberg, Austria
| | | | | | - Tobias Busche
- Omics Core Facility NGS, Medical School OWL & CBTec, Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, Germany
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Sornsenee P, Surachat K, Kang DK, Mendoza R, Romyasamit C. Probiotic Insights from the Genomic Exploration of Lacticaseibacillus paracasei Strains Isolated from Fermented Palm Sap. Foods 2024; 13:1773. [PMID: 38891001 PMCID: PMC11172291 DOI: 10.3390/foods13111773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2024] [Revised: 05/31/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Abstract
This study focused on L. paracasei strains isolated from fermented palm sap in southern Thailand that exhibit potential probiotic characteristics, including antibiotic susceptibility, resistance to gastrointestinal stresses, and antimicrobial activity against various pathogens. However, a thorough investigation of the whole genome sequences of L. paracasei isolates is required to ensure their safety and probiotic properties for human applications. This study aimed to sequence the genome of L. paracasei isolated from fermented palm sap, to assess its safety profile, and to conduct a comprehensive comparative genomic analysis with other Lacticaseibacillus species. The genome sizes of the seven L. paracasei strains ranged from 3,070,747 bp to 3,131,129 bp, with a GC content between 46.11% and 46.17% supporting their classification as nomadic lactobacilli. In addition, the minimal presence of cloud genes and a significant number of core genes suggest a high degree of relatedness among the strains. Meanwhile, phylogenetic analysis of core genes revealed that the strains possessed distinct genes and were grouped into two distinct clades. Genomic analysis revealed key genes associated with probiotic functions, such as those involved in gastrointestinal, oxidative stress resistance, vitamin synthesis, and biofilm disruption. This study is consistent with previous studies that used whole-genome sequencing and bioinformatics to assess the safety and potential benefits of probiotics in various food fermentation processes. Our findings provide valuable insights into the potential use of seven L. paracasei strains isolated from fermented palm sap as probiotic and postbiotic candidates in functional foods and pharmaceuticals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phoomjai Sornsenee
- Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla 90110, Thailand;
| | - Komwit Surachat
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla 90110, Thailand;
| | - Dae-Kyung Kang
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea; (D.-K.K.); (R.M.)
| | - Remylin Mendoza
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea; (D.-K.K.); (R.M.)
| | - Chonticha Romyasamit
- Department of Medical Technology, School of Allied Health Sciences, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Innovation of Essential Oil and Bioactive Compounds, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160, Thailand
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Vega MF, Libonatti C, Ramos OY, Basualdo M. [Characterization of a microbial community isolated from honey bee colonies]. Rev Argent Microbiol 2024:S0325-7541(24)00024-5. [PMID: 38762351 DOI: 10.1016/j.ram.2024.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/20/2024] Open
Abstract
The microbial communities within honey bee colonies contribute to the defense against pathogens. The goal of this study was to isolate, identify, and lyophilize lactic acid bacteria and bifidobacteria from the gut of nurse bees and bee bread in Apis mellifera colonies. Bacterial cultures from the intestinal content were conducted, and subsequently identified, sequenced, and lyophilized. Cross-antagonism among them was also assessed. Studies based on 16 S rRNA gene Sanger sequencing revealed that the MC3 strain had 100% identity with Bifidobacterium choladohabitans, the PP2B strain showed 99.16% similarity with Enterococcus faecium, while the PP1 strain exhibited 99.49% similarity with Lacticaseibacillus sp. and the PP1B strain showed 99.32% similarity with Lacticaseibacillus sp. There was no evidence of cross-antagonism among the strains, and the lyophilization process showed good stability and conservation. This is the first report of the isolation of B. choladohabitans from honey bee gut in Argentina, and also associates the presence of E. faecium with bee bread.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Fernanda Vega
- Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires- PROANVET, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Tandil, Provincia de Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Carina Libonatti
- Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires- PROANVET, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Tandil, Provincia de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Ornela Y Ramos
- Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires- PROANVET, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Tandil, Provincia de Buenos Aires, Argentina; CONICET
| | - Marina Basualdo
- Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires- PROANVET, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Tandil, Provincia de Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Dong Y, Ronholm J, Fliss I, Karboune S. Screening of Lactic Acid Bacteria Strains for Potential Sourdough and Bread Applications: Enzyme Expression and Exopolysaccharide Production. Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins 2024:10.1007/s12602-024-10270-y. [PMID: 38733464 DOI: 10.1007/s12602-024-10270-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024]
Abstract
Twenty-eight strains of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) were characterized for the ability to express enzymes of interest (including protease, xylanase, α-amylase, laccase, and glucose oxidase) as well as the ability to produce exopolysaccharide (EPS). The screening of enzyme capability for all LAB strains proceeded in a progressive 3-stage manner that helps to profile the efficiency of LAB strains in expressing chosen enzymes (Stage 1), highlights the strains with affinity for flour as the substrate (Stage 2), and discerns strains that can adapt well in a simulated starter environment (Stage 3). The theoretical ability of LAB to express these enzymes was also assessed using Basic Local Alignment Search Tool (BLAST) analysis to identify the underlying genes in the whole genome sequence. By consolidating both experimental data and information obtained from BLAST, three LAB strains were deemed optimal in expressing enzymes, namely, Lb. delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus (RBL 52), Lb. rhamnosus (RBL 102), and Lb. plantarum (ATCC 10241). Meanwhile, EPS-producing capabilities were observed for 10 out of 28 LAB strains, among which, Lactococcus lactis subsp. diacetylactis (RBL 37) had the highest total EPS yield (274.15 mg polysaccharide/L culture) and produced 46.2% polysaccharide with a molecular mass of more than 100 kDa.
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Affiliation(s)
- YiNing Dong
- Department of Food Science and Agricultural Chemistry, Macdonald Campus, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Jennifer Ronholm
- Department of Food Science and Agricultural Chemistry, Macdonald Campus, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Ismail Fliss
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Agriculture and Food Sciences, Laval University, Quebec City, QC, Canada
| | - Salwa Karboune
- Department of Food Science and Agricultural Chemistry, Macdonald Campus, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.
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Srifani A, Mirnawati M, Marlida Y, Rizal Y, Nurmiati N, Lee KW. Identification of novel probiotic lactic acid bacteria from soymilk waste using the 16s rRNA gene for potential use in poultry. Vet World 2024; 17:1001-1011. [PMID: 38911076 PMCID: PMC11188893 DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2024.1001-1011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Background and Aim In-feed antibiotics have been used as antibiotic growth promoters (AGPs) to enhance the genetic potential of poultry. However, the long-term use of AGPs is known to lead to bacterial resistance and antibiotic residues in poultry meat and eggs. To address these concerns, alternatives to AGPs are needed, one of which is probiotics, which can promote the health of livestock without having any negative effects. In vitro probiotic screening was performed to determine the ability of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) isolated from soymilk waste to be used as a probiotic for livestock. Materials and Methods Four LAB isolates (designated F4, F6, F9, and F11) isolated from soymilk waste were used in this study. In vitro testing was performed on LAB isolates to determine their resistance to temperatures of 42°C, acidic pH, bile salts, hydrophobicity to the intestine, and ability to inhibit pathogenic bacteria. A promising isolate was identified using the 16S rRNA gene. Result All LAB isolates used in this study have the potential to be used as probiotics. On the basis of the results of in vitro testing, all isolates showed resistance to temperatures of 42°C and low pH (2.5) for 3 h (79.87%-94.44%) and 6 h (76.29%-83.39%), respectively. The survival rate at a bile salt concentration of 0.3% ranged from 73.24% to 90.39%, whereas the survival rate at a bile salt concentration of 0.5% ranged from 56.28% to 81.96%. All isolates showed the ability to attach and colonize the digestive tract with a hydrophobicity of 87.58%-91.88%. Inhibitory zones of LAB against pathogens ranged from 4.80-15.15 mm against Staphylococcus aureus, 8.85-14.50 mm against Salmonella enteritidis, and 6.75-22.25 mm against Escherichia coli. Although all isolates showed good ability as probiotics, isolate F4 showed the best probiotic ability. This isolate was identified as Lactobacillus casei strain T22 (JQ412731.1) using the 16S rRNA gene. Conclusion All isolates in this study have the potential to be used as probiotics. However, isolate F4 has the best probiotic properties and is considered to be the most promising novel probiotic for poultry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anifah Srifani
- PMDSU Program, Graduate Program of Animal Feed and Nutrition Department, Faculty of Animal Science, Universitas Andalas, Padang, West Sumatera, Indonesia
| | - Mirnawati Mirnawati
- Department of Animal Feed and Nutrition, Faculty of Animal Science, Universitas Andalas, Padang, West Sumatera, Indonesia
| | - Yetti Marlida
- Department of Animal Feed and Nutrition, Faculty of Animal Science, Universitas Andalas, Padang, West Sumatera, Indonesia
| | - Yose Rizal
- Department of Animal Feed and Nutrition, Faculty of Animal Science, Universitas Andalas, Padang, West Sumatera, Indonesia
| | - Nurmiati Nurmiati
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Andalas, Padang, West Sumatera, Indonesia
| | - Kyung-Woo Lee
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Sanghuh College of Life Sciences, Konkuk University, Seoul, South Korea
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Ocius KL, Kolli SH, Ahmad SS, Dressler JM, Chordia MD, Jutras BL, Rutkowski MR, Pires MM. Noninvasive Analysis of Peptidoglycan from Living Animals. Bioconjug Chem 2024; 35:489-498. [PMID: 38591251 PMCID: PMC11036361 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.4c00007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
The role of the intestinal microbiota in host health is increasingly revealed in its contributions to disease states. The host-microbiome interaction is multifactorial and dynamic. One of the factors that has recently been strongly associated with host physiological responses is peptidoglycan from bacterial cell walls. Peptidoglycan from gut commensal bacteria activates peptidoglycan sensors in human cells, including the nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-containing protein 2. When present in the gastrointestinal tract, both the polymeric form (sacculi) and depolymerized fragments can modulate host physiology, including checkpoint anticancer therapy efficacy, body temperature and appetite, and postnatal growth. To utilize this growing area of biology toward therapeutic prescriptions, it will be critical to directly analyze a key feature of the host-microbiome interaction from living hosts in a reproducible and noninvasive way. Here we show that metabolically labeled peptidoglycan/sacculi can be readily isolated from fecal samples collected from both mice and humans. Analysis of fecal samples provided a noninvasive route to probe the gut commensal community including the metabolic synchronicity with the host circadian clock. Together, these results pave the way for noninvasive diagnostic tools to interrogate the causal nature of peptidoglycan in host health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karl L. Ocius
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, United States
| | - Sree H. Kolli
- Department
of Microbiology, Immunology, and Cancer Biology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, United States
| | - Saadman S. Ahmad
- Department
of Biochemistry, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
- Fralin
Life Sciences Institute, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
| | - Jules M. Dressler
- Department
of Biochemistry, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
- Fralin
Life Sciences Institute, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
| | - Mahendra D. Chordia
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, United States
| | - Brandon L. Jutras
- Department
of Biochemistry, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
- Fralin
Life Sciences Institute, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
- Center
for Emerging, Zoonotic and Arthropod-borne Pathogens, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
| | - Melanie R. Rutkowski
- Department
of Microbiology, Immunology, and Cancer Biology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, United States
| | - Marcos M. Pires
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, United States
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Kim YB, Park J, Lee HG, Song JY, Kim DH, Ji W, Joo SS, Kim M, Jung JY, Kim M, Lee KW. Dietary probiotic Lacticaseibacillus paracasei NSMJ56 modulates gut immunity and microbiota in laying hens. Poult Sci 2024; 103:103505. [PMID: 38359769 PMCID: PMC10877954 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2024.103505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024] Open
Abstract
This study was performed to investigate supplementary effects of probiotic Lacticaseibacillus paracasei NSMJ56 strain on laying performance, egg quality, intestinal histology, antioxidant status, gut immunity and microbiota in laying hens. A total of ninety-six 21-wk-old Hy-Line Brown laying hens were randomly subjected to one of 2 dietary treatments: a control group fed a non-supplemented diet, or a probiotic group fed with a diet supplemented with 1 g of Lacticaseibacillus paracasei NSMJ56 (5 × 108 CFU/kg of diet). The trial lasted for 4 wk. Egg weight was increased (P < 0.05) in laying hens fed probiotic-fed diet compared with the control group. Dietary probiotics did not affect egg quality except for Haugh unit, which was improved (P < 0.05) in the probiotic-fed group. Neither jejunal histology nor cecal short-chain fatty acids were affected by dietary treatments. Dietary probiotics increased the activity of catalase compared with the control group. Flow cytometry analysis revealed that dietary probiotics elevated the CD4+ T cells, but not CD8+ T cells, in jejunal lamina propria. Based on the LEfSe analysis at the phylum and genus levels, Erysipelotrichales, Erysipelotrichia, Flintibater, Dielma, Hespellia, Coprobacter, Roseburia, Anaerotignum, and Coprococcus were enriched in the probiotic group compared with the control group. Taken together, our study showed that dietary probiotics could be used to improve some parameters associated with egg freshness and antioxidant capacity, and to partially alter T cell population and microbial community in laying hens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoo Bhin Kim
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Sanghuh College of Life Sciences, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, South Korea; Animal Nutrition and Physiology Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration (NIAS-RDA), Wanju 55365, South Korea
| | - Jina Park
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Sanghuh College of Life Sciences, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, South Korea
| | - Hyun-Gwan Lee
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Sanghuh College of Life Sciences, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, South Korea
| | - Ju-Yong Song
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Sanghuh College of Life Sciences, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, South Korea
| | - Da-Hye Kim
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Sanghuh College of Life Sciences, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, South Korea
| | - Woonhak Ji
- Department of Animal Science, College of Natural Resource & Life Sciences, Pusan National University, Miryang 50463, South Korea
| | - Sang Seok Joo
- Department of Animal Science, College of Natural Resource & Life Sciences, Pusan National University, Miryang 50463, South Korea
| | - Myunghoo Kim
- Department of Animal Science, College of Natural Resource & Life Sciences, Pusan National University, Miryang 50463, South Korea; Life and Industry Convergence Research Institute, Pusan National University, Miryang 50463, South Korea; Institute for Future Earth, JYS Institute for Basic Science, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, South Korea
| | - Ji Young Jung
- Biological Resources Research Department, Nakdonggang National Institute of Biological Resources (NNIBR), Sangju 37242, South Korea
| | - Minji Kim
- Animal Nutrition and Physiology Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration (NIAS-RDA), Wanju 55365, South Korea
| | - Kyung-Woo Lee
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, Sanghuh College of Life Sciences, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, South Korea.
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Ahmad W, Din AU, Khan TM, Rehman MU, Hassan A, Aziz T, Alharbi M, Wu J. Lacticaseibacillusparacasei BNCC345679 revolutionizes DSS-induced colitis and modulates gut microbiota. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1343891. [PMID: 38601942 PMCID: PMC11004379 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1343891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The gut microbiota plays an important role in the disease progression of inflammatory bowel disease. Although probiotics are effective against IBD, not many studies have investigated their effects on gut microbiota composition and immunomodulation in mouse colitis models. Our study aimed at the therapeutic effects of Lacticaseibacillus paracasei BNCC345679 for the first time and explored its impact on gut microbiome dysbiosis, inflammatory cytokines, related miRNAs, VCAM-1, oxidative stress, intestinal integrity, and mucus barrier. We found that oral intervention of L. paracasei BNCC345679 affects recovering beneficial microbial taxa, including lactobacillus spp. and akkermansia spp., followed by improved body weight, DAI score, and inflammatory cytokines. L. paracasei BNCC345679 mitigated oxidative stress and increased the expression of intestinal integrity proteins MUC2 and ZO-1. These results suggested that L. paracasei BNCC345679 has the capacity to reduce DSS-induced colitis and has the potential as a supplement for the mitigation of IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Waqar Ahmad
- Basic Medicine Research Innovation Centre for Cardiometabolic Diseases, Ministry of Education, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Ahmad Ud Din
- Basic Medicine Research Innovation Centre for Cardiometabolic Diseases, Ministry of Education, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Plants for Human Health Institute, Department of Food, Bioprocessing and Nutrition Sciences, North Carolina State University, Kannapolis, NC, United States
| | - Taj Malook Khan
- Basic Medicine Research Innovation Centre for Cardiometabolic Diseases, Ministry of Education, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Mujeeb Ur Rehman
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Adil Hassan
- Laboratory of Nano/Micro Composite Materials and Devices, Chongqing University of Science and Technology, Chongqing, China
| | - Tariq Aziz
- Department of Agriculture, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Metab Alharbi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jianbo Wu
- Basic Medicine Research Innovation Centre for Cardiometabolic Diseases, Ministry of Education, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education, Institute of Cardiovascular Research of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Laboratory for Cardiovascular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
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11
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Jamalvandi M, Sasanfar B, Nafei Z, Behniafard N, Jafari M, Salehi-Abargouei A. Dairy intake in association with asthma symptoms among a large sample of children and adolescents: a cross-sectional study. Front Nutr 2024; 11:1298704. [PMID: 38577161 PMCID: PMC10991747 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1298704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Background and objective Dairy products may be associated with an increased risk of asthma, although there is little scientific evidence to support this association. The goal of this study was to explore the association between dairy consumption and asthma symptoms. Materials and methods This cross-sectional study was conducted on children and adolescents aged 6-8 and 13-14 years living in central Iran. Dietary food consumption was assessed using a multiple-choice questionnaire. Logistic regression was used to obtain odds ratios for the association between milk, other dairy products, and total dairy consumption with the risk of asthma symptoms. Results In total, 7,667 participants (3,414 boys and 4,253 girls) were included in the current study. Milk intake and total dairy consumption were not associated with the likelihood of wheezing, asthma confirmed by a doctor, current asthma, and asthma medication use. In addition, there was no association between other dairy product intake and the odds of wheezing in the past 12 months in the crude model. However, after adjusting for several confounders, those in the top category had lower odds of wheezing in the past 12 months than those in the bottom category (OR: 0.58; 95% CI: 0.40-0.85). Conclusion The consumption of dairy products other than milk, including cheese and yogurt, might reduce the likelihood of wheezing in children and adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mona Jamalvandi
- Research Center for Food Hygiene and Safety, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Bahareh Sasanfar
- Research Center for Food Hygiene and Safety, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
- Cancer Research Center, Cancer Institute of Iran, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Nafei
- Children Growth Disorder Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Nasrin Behniafard
- Children Growth Disorder Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Marjan Jafari
- Children Growth Disorder Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Amin Salehi-Abargouei
- Research Center for Food Hygiene and Safety, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
- Yazd Cardiovascular Research Center, Non-Communicable Diseases Research Institute, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
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12
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Choi H, Kim Y, Kim S, Kwon SW, Lee D, Han BH, Hong SB, Naito H, Yamada T, Hamada M, Heo J. Lacticaseibacillus pabuli sp. nov., isolated from fermented cattle feed. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2024; 74. [PMID: 38446021 DOI: 10.1099/ijsem.0.006277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Strain BSF-3MT is a Gram-stain-positive, non-flagellated, facultative anaerobic and rod-shaped bacterium that was isolated from fermented feed collected at a cattle farm in the Daejeon region of the Republic of Korea. It was studied using polyphasic taxonomic methods. Using 16S rRNA gene sequences and the resulting phylogenetic tree, the strain was primarily identified as a member of the genus Lacticaseibacillus. Strain BSF-3MT contained a chromosome of 2.5 Mbp and a plasmid of 33.4 kbp. The G+C content of genomic DNA was 51.3 mol%. Strain BSF-3MT had the highest ortho-average nucleotide identity value of 73.7 % with Lacticaseibacillus songhuajiangensis 7-19T, its closest relative in the phylogenetic tree based on the 16S rRNA gene sequences and the phylogenomic tree based on up-to-date bacterial core genes. Based on the results of a polyphasic taxonomic study, strain BSF-3MT represents a novel species in the genus Lacticaseibacillus, for which the name Lacticaseibacillus pabuli sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is BSF-3MT (=KACC 23028T=NBRC 116014T).
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyorim Choi
- Agricultural Microbiology Division, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Jeollabuk-do, Republic of Korea
- Division of Biotechnology, Jeonbuk National University, Jeollabuk-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Yiseul Kim
- Agricultural Microbiology Division, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Jeollabuk-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Seunghwan Kim
- Agricultural Microbiology Division, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Jeollabuk-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Soon-Wo Kwon
- Agricultural Microbiology Division, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Jeollabuk-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Daseul Lee
- Agricultural Microbiology Division, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Jeollabuk-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Byeong-Hak Han
- Agricultural Microbiology Division, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Jeollabuk-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Beom Hong
- Agricultural Microbiology Division, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Jeollabuk-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Hanako Naito
- NITE Biological Resource Center (NBRC), National Institute of Technology and Evaluation, 2-5-8, Kazusakamatari, Kisarazu, Chiba 292-0818, Japan
| | - Tomomi Yamada
- NITE Biological Resource Center (NBRC), National Institute of Technology and Evaluation, 2-5-8, Kazusakamatari, Kisarazu, Chiba 292-0818, Japan
| | - Moriyuki Hamada
- NITE Biological Resource Center (NBRC), National Institute of Technology and Evaluation, 2-5-8, Kazusakamatari, Kisarazu, Chiba 292-0818, Japan
| | - Jun Heo
- Agricultural Microbiology Division, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Jeollabuk-do, Republic of Korea
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13
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Plank BCA, Guergoletto KB, Rocha TS. Improved Bacterial Survival and Antioxidant Activity After In Vitro Digestion of Fermented Dairy Beverages by Lacticaseibacillus casei LC-01 and Lactiplantibacillus plantarum BG-112 Containing Yacon. Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins 2024:10.1007/s12602-024-10220-8. [PMID: 38326639 DOI: 10.1007/s12602-024-10220-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
The fermentation of milk containing 0%, 3%, 6%, and 9% (w/v) yacon root flour (YRF) by Lacticaseibacillus casei LC-1 and Lactiplantibacillus plantarum BG-112 was evaluated for bacterial survival and antioxidant activity (AA) before and after simulated gastrointestinal digestion. After 28 days of refrigerated storage, samples of the beverages were analyzed for cell viability, AA (using ferric ion reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) and (ABTS), and molecular mass profile of proteins (using electrophoresis). The presence of 9% YRF increased bacterial survival during 28 days of storage and passage through the gastrointestinal tract for both L. casei and L. plantarum, which showed a greater capacity to reduce ferric ions compared to 0% YRF, and the ability to capture free radicals increased from below 5 mM to over 15 mM TE after digestion. Milk proteins are hydrolyzed during digestion, and the generation of bioactive peptides with AA may explain the increase in AA levels. Since peptides are generated from milk proteins, YRF did not influence AA after digestion. These results showed that fermentation of milk by L. casei and L. plantarum with YRF increased the chances of these bacteria reaching the colon in adequate quantities. After simulated digestion, the beverages showed improved AA due to milk protein hydrolysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruna C A Plank
- Department of Food Science and Technology, State University of Londrina, Londrina, PR, Brazil
| | - Karla B Guergoletto
- Department of Food Science and Technology, State University of Londrina, Londrina, PR, Brazil
| | - Thais S Rocha
- Department of Food Science and Technology, State University of Londrina, Londrina, PR, Brazil.
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14
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Maftei NM, Raileanu CR, Balta AA, Ambrose L, Boev M, Marin DB, Lisa EL. The Potential Impact of Probiotics on Human Health: An Update on Their Health-Promoting Properties. Microorganisms 2024; 12:234. [PMID: 38399637 PMCID: PMC10891645 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms12020234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Probiotics, known to be live microorganisms, have been shown to improve or restore the gut microbiota, which in turn has been linked to improved health. It is believed that probiotics are the modern equivalent of a panacea, with claims that they may treat or prevent different diseases both in children and adults (e.g., from colic in babies to cardiovascular disease, respiratory infection, and cancer in adults). Ever since the early 2000s, probiotic-based fermented foods have had a resurgence in popularity, mostly due to claims made regarding their health benefits. Fermented foods have been associated with the prevention of irritable bowel syndrome, lactose intolerance, gastroenteritis, and obesity, but also other conditions such as chronic diarrhea, allergies, dermatitis, and bacterial and viral infections, all of which are closely related to an unhealthy lifestyle. Recent and ongoing developments in microbiome/microbiota science have given us new research directions for probiotics. The new types, mechanisms, and applications studied so far, and those currently under study, have a great potential to change scientific understanding of probiotics' nutritional applications and human health care. The expansion of fields related to the study of the microbiome and the involvement of probiotics in its improvement foreshadow an era of significant changes. An expanding range of candidate probiotic species is emerging that can address newly elucidated data-driven microbial niches and host targets. In the probiotic field, new variants of microbiome-modulating interventions are being developed, including prebiotics, symbiotics, postbiotics, microbial consortia, live biotherapeutic products, and genetically modified organisms, with renewed interest in polyphenols, fibers, and fermented foods to ensure human health. This manuscript aims to analyze recent, emerging, and anticipated trends in probiotics (sources, doses, mechanism of action, diseases for which probiotics are administered, side effects, and risks) and create a vision for the development of related areas of influence in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicoleta-Maricica Maftei
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, and Pharmacy, “Dunărea de Jos” University, 800010 Galati, Romania; (N.-M.M.); (E.L.L.)
- Clinic Laboratory Department, Clinical Hospital of Children Hospital “Sf. Ioan”, 800487 Galati, Romania
- Research Centre in the Medical-Pharmaceutical Field, “Dunarea de Jos” University of Galati, 800010 Galati, Romania
| | - Cosmin Raducu Raileanu
- Department of Morphological and Functional Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, and Pharmacy, “Dunărea de Jos” University, 800010 Galati, Romania; (C.R.R.); (L.A.)
| | - Alexia Anastasia Balta
- Medical Department Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, “Dunărea de Jos” University, 800010 Galati, Romania;
| | - Lenuta Ambrose
- Department of Morphological and Functional Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, and Pharmacy, “Dunărea de Jos” University, 800010 Galati, Romania; (C.R.R.); (L.A.)
| | - Monica Boev
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, and Pharmacy, “Dunărea de Jos” University, 800010 Galati, Romania; (N.-M.M.); (E.L.L.)
- Research Centre in the Medical-Pharmaceutical Field, “Dunarea de Jos” University of Galati, 800010 Galati, Romania
| | - Denisa Batîr Marin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, and Pharmacy, “Dunărea de Jos” University, 800010 Galati, Romania; (N.-M.M.); (E.L.L.)
- Research Centre in the Medical-Pharmaceutical Field, “Dunarea de Jos” University of Galati, 800010 Galati, Romania
| | - Elena Lacramioara Lisa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, and Pharmacy, “Dunărea de Jos” University, 800010 Galati, Romania; (N.-M.M.); (E.L.L.)
- Research Centre in the Medical-Pharmaceutical Field, “Dunarea de Jos” University of Galati, 800010 Galati, Romania
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15
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Kan HX, Cao Y, Ma Y, Zhang YL, Wang J, Li J, Li JN. Efficacy and safety of probiotics, prebiotics, and synbiotics for the prevention of colorectal cancer and precancerous lesion in high-risk populations: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. J Dig Dis 2024; 25:14-26. [PMID: 38126945 DOI: 10.1111/1751-2980.13247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Colorectal cancer (CRC) is highly prevalent worldwide and is a leading cause of cancer-related death. Probiotics, prebiotics, and synbiotics have recently attracted attention as preventive measures against colorectal neoplasms. We aimed to analyze the findings of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on the effects of probiotics, prebiotics, and synbiotics in patients at a high risk of CRC, outlining the challenges and future prospects of using probiotics to prevent colorectal tumors and providing evidence for clinical physicians in particular. METHODS PubMed, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library databases were searched for relevant studies published up to January 7, 2022. RCTs conducted on populations with a high risk of CRC who received probiotics, prebiotics or synbiotics in comparison with placebo, candidate agent or no treatment were included. The primary outcome was the incidence or recurrence of any colorectal neoplasms. Additional outcomes included their effects on the diversity of gut microbiota and relevant inflammatory biomarkers. Safety outcomes were also analyzed. Two authors independently screened and selected studies based on pre-specified eligible criteria, performed data extraction and risk-of-bias assessment independently. RESULTS Nine RCTs were included in the systematic review and meta-analysis. Probiotic supplementation significantly reduced adenoma incidence, but no significant benefit was observed in CRC incidence. Additionally, probiotics modulated gut microbiota and inflammatory biomarkers. CONCLUSION Probiotics may have beneficial effects in the prevention of CRC. More RCTs with larger sample sizes are warranted to further confirm these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Xuan Kan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Key Laboratory of Gut Microbiota Translational Medicine Research, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, China
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yang Cao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Key Laboratory of Gut Microbiota Translational Medicine Research, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, China
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Ye Ma
- Department of Gastroenterology, Key Laboratory of Gut Microbiota Translational Medicine Research, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, China
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yue Lun Zhang
- Medical Research Center, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Key Laboratory of Gut Microbiota Translational Medicine Research, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Ji Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Key Laboratory of Gut Microbiota Translational Medicine Research, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Nan Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Key Laboratory of Gut Microbiota Translational Medicine Research, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, China
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16
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Rahman SO, Bariguian F, Mobasheri A. The Potential Role of Probiotics in the Management of Osteoarthritis Pain: Current Status and Future Prospects. Curr Rheumatol Rep 2023; 25:307-326. [PMID: 37656392 PMCID: PMC10754743 DOI: 10.1007/s11926-023-01108-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW This narrative review article comprehensively explains the pathophysiology of osteoarthritis (OA) pain perception, how the gut microbiota is correlated with it, possible molecular pathways involved in probiotics-mediated OA pain reduction, limitations in the current research approaches, and future perspectives. RECENT FINDINGS The initiation and progression of OA, including the development of chronic pain, is intricately associated with activation of the innate immune system and subsequent inflammatory responses. Trauma, lifestyle (e.g., obesity and metabolic disease), and chronic antibiotic treatment can disrupt commensal homeostasis of the human microbiome, thereby affecting intestinal integrity and promoting leakage of bacterial endotoxins and metabolites such as lipopolysaccharides (LPS) into circulation. Increased level of LPS is associated with knee osteophyte severity and joint pain. Both preclinical and clinical studies strongly suggest that probiotics may benefit patients with OA pain through positive gut microbiota modulation and attenuating low-grade inflammation via multiple pathways. Patent data also suggests increased interest in the development of new innovations that involve probiotic use for reducing OA and joint pain. Recent data suggest that probiotics are attracting more and more attention for OA pain management. The advancement of knowledge in this area may pave the way for developing different probiotic strains that can be used to support joint health, improve treatment outcomes in OA, and reduce the huge impact of the disease on healthcare systems worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Frédérique Bariguian
- Haleon (Formerly GSK Consumer Healthcare), Route de L'Etraz 2, Case Postale 1279, 1260, Nyon 1, Switzerland.
| | - Ali Mobasheri
- Research Unit of Health Sciences and Technology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, 90014, Oulu, FI, Finland.
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, State Research Institute Centre for Innovative Medicine, Vilnius, Lithuania.
- Department of Joint Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.
- World Health Organization Collaborating Centre for Public Health Aspects of Musculoskeletal Health and Aging, Liege, Belgium.
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17
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Moiseenko KV, Glazunova OA, Savinova OS, Shabaev AV, Fedorova TV. Changes in Composition of Some Bioactive Molecules upon Inclusion of Lacticaseibacillus paracasei Probiotic Strains into a Standard Yogurt Starter Culture. Foods 2023; 12:4238. [PMID: 38231606 DOI: 10.3390/foods12234238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Incorporation of probiotic Lacticaseibacillus paracasei into a standard yogurt starter culture can drastically improve its health promoting properties. However, besides being an advantage in itself, the incorporation of a new probiotic strain can significantly affect the overall composition of fermented milk. In this article, the effect of incorporation of the L. paracasei probiotic strains (KF1 and MA3) into several standard yogurt starter cultures (consisting of the following strains: Streptococcus thermophilus 16t and either Lactobacillus delbrueckii Lb100 or L. delbrueckii Lb200) was investigated. Such parameters as the degree of proteolysis, antioxidant activity, ACE-inhibitory activity, content of organic acids, profile of FAs and profile of volatile organic compounds were measured, and the influence of the starter culture composition on these parameters was described. It was demonstrated that, at least in the case of the studied strains, yogurt with L. paracasei had an advantage over the standard yogurt in terms of the content of acetoin, acetic acid, butyric acid and conjugated linoleic acid. Moreover, the incorporation of L. paracasei KF1 significantly improved the hypotensive properties of the resulting yogurt. Thus, the presented study provides insight into the bioactive molecules of probiotic yogurt and may be useful for both academia and industry in the development of new dairy-based functional products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konstantin V Moiseenko
- A. N. Bach Institute of Biochemistry, Research Center of Biotechnology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Ave. 33/2, 119071 Moscow, Russia
| | - Olga A Glazunova
- A. N. Bach Institute of Biochemistry, Research Center of Biotechnology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Ave. 33/2, 119071 Moscow, Russia
| | - Olga S Savinova
- A. N. Bach Institute of Biochemistry, Research Center of Biotechnology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Ave. 33/2, 119071 Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexander V Shabaev
- A. N. Bach Institute of Biochemistry, Research Center of Biotechnology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Ave. 33/2, 119071 Moscow, Russia
| | - Tatyana V Fedorova
- A. N. Bach Institute of Biochemistry, Research Center of Biotechnology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Ave. 33/2, 119071 Moscow, Russia
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18
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Barreto Pinilla CM, Guzman Escudero F, Torres Silva E Alves A, Spadoti LM, Brandelli A. Draft Genome Sequence and Comparative Genome Analysis Reveal Potential Functional Properties in Lacticaseibacillus paracasei ItalPN16. Curr Microbiol 2023; 80:399. [PMID: 37910267 DOI: 10.1007/s00284-023-03515-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023]
Abstract
Nowadays, there is a great interest on rapid and effective methods for initial identification of probiotic bacteria. In this work, potential probiotic features of the lactic acid bacteria strain ItalPN16 isolated from a traditional Brazilian cheese were studied using bioinformatic tools. The complete genome sequence was obtained, and in silico analyses were carried out to identify the strain and its potential probiotic properties. The sequenced genome (3.02 Mb) presented 3126 protein-coding sequences distributed on 244 SEED subsystems, classifying the strain as nomadic lactobacilli. Phylogenetic and ANI analyses allowed to locate the ItalPN16 strain as a member of the Lacticaseibacillus paracasei group, due to the highest number of orthologous genes in common with reference L. paracasei strains (>98%). In silico analyses revealed the presence of CDSs related to microbe-host interactions, such as adhesion proteins and exopolysaccharide biosynthesis genes. The comparative analysis reveals the presence of a strain-specific glycosyl transferases, compared with other three L. paracasei strains and a high level of protein expression (92%) with the probiotic L. paracasei BL29. The results obtained here indicated interesting probiotic features of the strain L. paracasei ItalPN16 that could favor a future application in the food industry.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Adriana Torres Silva E Alves
- Dairy Technology Center (TECNOLAT) of the Food Technology Institute (ITAL), Campinas, São Paulo, 13070-178, Brazil
| | - Leila Maria Spadoti
- Dairy Technology Center (TECNOLAT) of the Food Technology Institute (ITAL), Campinas, São Paulo, 13070-178, Brazil
| | - Adriano Brandelli
- Laboratory of Applied Microbiology and Biochemistry, Institute of Food Science and Technology (ICTA), Federal University of Rio Grande Do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, 91501-970, Brazil
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19
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Grabner F M, Grabner H M, Schein H, Weidenholzer E, Busche T, Rückert-Reed C, Buchebner-Jance M. Lacticaseibacillus huelsenbergensis sp. nov., isolated from grass silage and corn silage. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2023; 73. [PMID: 37787645 DOI: 10.1099/ijsem.0.006049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Two rod-shaped, facultative anaerobic, Gram-stain-positive lactic acid bacteria were isolated from corn silage and grass silage. They were characterized using a polyphasic approach and designated as HO 1656T and HO 0673. Analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequence of both strains indicated that they belong to the
Lacticaseibacillus
group. The most closely related species,
Lacticaseibacillus casei
DSM 20011T and
Lacticaseibacillus zeae
DSM 20178T, have digital DNA–DNA hybridization (dDDH) values of 63.9 and 53.4%, respectively, with the novel strains. In contrast, the dDDH value between strains HO 1656T and HO 0673 is 99.3 %, clearly showing that these two isolated strains belong to the same species. According to analysis of the housekeeping genes (dnaK, mutL and pheS), both strains form a distinct cluster within the
Lacticaseibacillus
group. Strains HO 0673 and HO 1656T could produce acid from d-arabinose, adonitol, ribose, rhamnose, dulcitol, sorbitol, turanose, l-fucose and l-arabitol, unlike their nearest phylogenetic neighbour
L. casei
DSM 20011T. The major cellular fatty acids of both strains are C16 : 0 and C18 : 1 ω9c. The G+C content of the genomic DNA of both strains is 48.0 mol%. Thus, strains HO 1656T and HO 0673 represent a novel species based on their chemotaxonomic, phenotypic and phylogenetic characteristics. The name Lacticaseibacillus huelsenbergensis sp. nov. is proposed with the type strain HO 1656T (=DSM 115425T=NCIMB 15466T).
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Grabner F
- Lactosan GmbH & Co.KG, Industriestraße West 5, 8605 Kapfenberg, Austria
| | - Monika Grabner H
- Lactosan GmbH & Co.KG, Industriestraße West 5, 8605 Kapfenberg, Austria
| | - Hermine Schein
- Lactosan GmbH & Co.KG, Industriestraße West 5, 8605 Kapfenberg, Austria
| | | | - Tobias Busche
- Technology Platform Genomics, CeBiTec, Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Christian Rückert-Reed
- Omics Core Facility NGS, Medical School OWL & CeBiTec, Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, Germany
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20
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Ocius KL, Kolli SH, Ahmad SS, Dressler JM, Chordia MD, Jutras BL, Rutkowski MR, Pires MM. Non-invasive Analysis of Peptidoglycan from Living Animals. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.07.21.549941. [PMID: 37693563 PMCID: PMC10491127 DOI: 10.1101/2023.07.21.549941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
The role of the intestinal microbiota in host health is increasingly revealed in its contributions to disease states. The host-microbiome interaction is multifactorial and dynamic. One of the factors that has recently been strongly associated with host physiological responses is peptidoglycan from bacterial cell walls. Peptidoglycan from gut commensal bacteria activate peptidoglycan sensors in human cells, including the Nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain containing protein 2 (NOD2). When present in the gastrointestinal tract, both the polymeric form (sacculi) and de-polymerized fragments can modulate host physiology, including checkpoint anticancer therapy efficacy, body temperature and appetite, and postnatal growth. To leverage this growing area of biology towards therapeutic prescriptions, it will be critical to directly analyze a key feature of the host-microbiome interaction from living hosts in a reproducible and non-invasive way. Here we show that metabolically labeled peptidoglycan/sacculi can be readily isolated from fecal samples collected from both mice and humans. Analysis of fecal samples provided a non-invasive route to probe the gut commensal community including the metabolic synchronicity with the host circadian clock. Together, these results pave the way for non-invasive diagnostic tools to interrogate the causal nature of peptidoglycan in host health and disease.
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21
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Kim E, Yang SM, Choi CH, Shin MK, Kim HY. Droplet digital PCR method for the absolute quantitative detection and monitoring of Lacticaseibacillus casei. Food Microbiol 2023; 113:104265. [PMID: 37098421 DOI: 10.1016/j.fm.2023.104265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Revised: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023]
Abstract
Droplet digital polymerase chain reaction (ddPCR) is an emerging molecular detection assay that provides an absolute quantification of targets. Despite its emerging applications in the detection of food microorganisms, there are limited reports of its use for the monitoring of microorganisms utilized as starters in the dairy industry. This study investigated the applicability of ddPCR as a detection platform for Lacticaseibacillus casei, a probiotic found in fermented foods and exerts beneficial effects on human health. In addition, this study compared the performance of ddPCR with that of real-time PCR. The ddPCR targeting the haloacid dehalogenase-like hydrolase (LBCZ_1793) exhibited high specificity against 102 nontarget bacteria, including Lacticaseibacillus species that is very closely related to L. casei. The ddPCR exhibited high linearity and efficiency within the quantitation range (105-100 CFU/ml), with the limit of detection being 100 CFU/ml. The ddPCR also demonstrated a higher sensitivity than real-time PCR in detecting low bacterial concentration in spiked milk samples. Furthermore, it provided an accurate absolute quantification of the concentration of L. casei, without the need for standard calibration curves. This study demonstrated that ddPCR is a useful method for monitoring starter cultures in dairy fermentations and detecting L. casei in foods.
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22
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Yang X, He X, Xu S, Zhang Y, Mo C, Lai Y, Song Y, Yan Z, Ai P, Qian Y, Xiao Q. Effect of Lacticaseibacillus paracasei strain Shirota supplementation on clinical responses and gut microbiome in Parkinson's disease. Food Funct 2023; 14:6828-6839. [PMID: 37470081 DOI: 10.1039/d3fo00728f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/21/2023]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a common neurodegenerative disease characterized by motor issues and a range of non-motor symptoms. Microbial therapy may be a useful approach for the treatment of PD. However, comprehensive analyses of the impact of probiotic supplementation on motor and non-motor symptoms are still lacking and the mechanisms whereby the treatment works remain unclear. This study investigated Lacticaseibacillus paracasei strain Shirota (LcS) supplementation on clinical responses, gut microbiota and faecal metabolites in PD patients. Patients (n = 128) were randomised to receive either probiotics (LcS-fermented milk, containing 1 × 1010 living LcS cells) or placebo for 12 weeks. All participants were examined and the basic clinical features were recorded using questionnaires. Fecal and blood samples were collected at the baseline and after 12 weeks for further omics analysis. We found that LcS intervention significantly alleviated patients' constipation-related symptoms and non-motor symptoms. We found no significant shifts in the composition of gut microbiota or faecal metabolites. Several taxa were differentially abundant between the groups, especially with regard to LcS intake, which increased the abundance of the genus Lacticaseibacillus in the probiotic group compared with those at the baseline and in the placebo group. The faecal concentration of L-tyrosine was significantly decreased and the plasma concentration of L-tyrosine was increased in the probiotic group compared with the placebo group. Our study demonstrated that although supplementation with LcS did not induce major changes in the global gut microbiome, the probiotic had favorable effects in managing constipation and other non-motor symptoms in PD patients. This study was registered at the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry: ChiCTR1800016795.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaodong Yang
- Department of Neurology and Institute of Neurology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, P.R. China.
| | - Xiaoqin He
- Department of Neurology and Institute of Neurology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, P.R. China.
| | - Shaoqing Xu
- Department of Neurology and Institute of Neurology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, P.R. China.
| | - Yi Zhang
- Department of Neurology and Institute of Neurology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, P.R. China.
| | - Chengjun Mo
- Department of Neurology and Institute of Neurology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, P.R. China.
| | - Yiqiu Lai
- Department of Neurology and Institute of Neurology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, P.R. China.
| | - Yanyan Song
- Department of Biostatistics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Zheng Yan
- Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Penghui Ai
- Department of Neurology and Institute of Neurology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, P.R. China.
| | - Yiwei Qian
- Department of Neurology and Institute of Neurology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, P.R. China.
| | - Qin Xiao
- Department of Neurology and Institute of Neurology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, P.R. China.
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23
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Bartkiene E, Zarovaite P, Starkute V, Mockus E, Zokaityte E, Zokaityte G, Rocha JM, Ruibys R, Klupsaite D. Changes in Lacto-Fermented Agaricus bisporus (White and Brown Varieties) Mushroom Characteristics, including Biogenic Amine and Volatile Compound Formation. Foods 2023; 12:2441. [PMID: 37444179 DOI: 10.3390/foods12132441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Revised: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the changes in Agaricus bisporus (white and brown) characteristics (colour and acidity parameters, lactic acid bacteria (LAB) and mould/yeast counts, biogenic amine content, fatty acid (FA) and volatile compound (VC) profiles, overall acceptability, and emotions induced for consumers) during a 48 h lactic acid fermentation with Lacticaseibacillus casei No. 210, Lactiplantibacillus plantarum No. 135, Lacticaseibacillus paracasei No. 244, and Pediococcus acidilactici No. 29 strains. Fermented white and brown A. bisporus showed higher LAB count and lower pH, lightness, redness, and yellowness than non-fermented ones. Yeast and fungi counts were similar between non-fermented and fermented samples. All samples contained spermidine (on average, 191.5 mg/kg) and some of the fermented samples had tyramine (on average, 80.7 mg/kg). Saturated FA was the highest in non-fermented brown A. bisporus. The highest monounsaturated and polyunsaturated FA contents were found in Lp. plantarum No. 135 fermented white and brown A. bisporus, respectively. For the first time, the VC profile of fermented A. bisporus was analysed. 1-Octen-3-ol content significantly decreased while benzyl alcohol, acetoin, and 2,3-butanediol increased in most fermented samples. Fermented A. bisporus received good acceptability scores. The emotional evaluation showed that the LAB strain and the interaction of the LAB strain and A. bisporus variety were significant on the intensity of emotions "happy" and "sad", while all analysed factors and their interactions were significant on the intensity of "angry" and "disgusted" (p ≤ 0.05). The findings of this study show the potential of the selected LAB strains and contribute to the increasing body of research on fermented mushrooms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Bartkiene
- Department of Food Safety and Quality, Veterinary Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, LT-47181 Kaunas, Lithuania
- Institute of Animal Rearing Technologies, Faculty of Animal Sciences, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, LT-47181 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Paulina Zarovaite
- Department of Food Safety and Quality, Veterinary Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, LT-47181 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Vytaute Starkute
- Department of Food Safety and Quality, Veterinary Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, LT-47181 Kaunas, Lithuania
- Institute of Animal Rearing Technologies, Faculty of Animal Sciences, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, LT-47181 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Ernestas Mockus
- Institute of Animal Rearing Technologies, Faculty of Animal Sciences, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, LT-47181 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Egle Zokaityte
- Institute of Animal Rearing Technologies, Faculty of Animal Sciences, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, LT-47181 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Gintare Zokaityte
- Institute of Animal Rearing Technologies, Faculty of Animal Sciences, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, LT-47181 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - João Miguel Rocha
- CBQF-Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina-Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica Portuguesa, 4169-005 Porto, Portugal
- LEPABE-Laboratory for Process Engineering, Environment, Biotechnology and Energy, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
- ALiCE-Associate Laboratory in Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
| | - Romas Ruibys
- Institute of Agricultural and Food Sciences, Agriculture Academy, Vytautas Magnus University, LT-44244 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Dovile Klupsaite
- Institute of Animal Rearing Technologies, Faculty of Animal Sciences, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, LT-47181 Kaunas, Lithuania
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Qiao L, Dou X, Song X, Chang J, Zeng X, Zhu L, Xu C. Selenite Bioremediation by Food-Grade Probiotic Lactobacillus casei ATCC 393: Insights from Proteomics Analysis. Microbiol Spectr 2023; 11:e0065923. [PMID: 37219421 PMCID: PMC10269480 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.00659-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Microorganisms capable of converting toxic selenite into elemental selenium (Se0) are considered an important and effective approach for bioremediation of Se contamination. In this study, we investigated the mechanism of reducing selenite to Se0 and forming Se nanoparticles (SeNPs) by food-grade probiotic Lactobacillus casei ATCC 393 (L. casei ATCC 393) through proteomics analysis. The results showed that selenite added during the exponential growth period of bacteria has the highest reduction efficiency, and 4.0 mM selenite decreased by nearly 95% within 72 h and formed protein-capped-SeNPs. Proteomics analysis revealed that selenite induced a significant increase in the expression of glutaredoxin, oxidoreductase, and ATP binding cassette (ABC) transporter, which can transport glutathione (GSH) and selenite. Selenite treatment significantly increased the CydC and CydD (putative cysteine and glutathione importer, ABC transporter) mRNA expression level, GSH content, and GSH reductase activity. Furthermore, supplementation with an additional GSH significantly increased the reduction rate of selenite, while GSH depletion significantly inhibited the reduction of selenite, indicating that GSH-mediated Painter-type reaction may be the main pathway of selenite reduction in L. casei ATCC 393. Moreover, nitrate reductase also participates in the reduction process of selenite, but it is not the primary factor. Overall, L. casei ATCC 393 effectively reduced selenite to SeNPs by GSH and nitrate reductase-mediated reduction pathway, and the GSH pathway played the decisive role, which provides an environmentally friendly biocatalyst for the bioremediation of Se contamination. IMPORTANCE Due to the high solubility and bioavailability of selenite, and its widespread use in industrial and agricultural production, it is easy to cause selenite to accumulate in the environment and reach toxic levels. Although the bacteria screened from special environments have high selenite tolerance, their safety has not been fully verified. It is necessary to screen out strains with selenite-reducing ability from nonpathogenic, functionally known, and widely used strains. Herein, we found food-grade probiotic L. casei ATCC 393 effectively reduced selenite to SeNPs by GSH and nitrate reductase-mediated reduction pathway, which provides an environmentally friendly biocatalyst for the bioremediation of Se contamination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Qiao
- School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xina Dou
- School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xiaofan Song
- School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jiajing Chang
- School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xiaonan Zeng
- School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Lixu Zhu
- School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Chunlan Xu
- School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
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25
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Jarocki P, Komoń-Janczara E, Młodzińska A, Sadurski J, Kołodzińska K, Łaczmański Ł, Panek J, Frąc M. Occurrence and genetic diversity of prophage sequences identified in the genomes of L. casei group bacteria. Sci Rep 2023; 13:8603. [PMID: 37237003 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-35823-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
It is widely believed that microorganisms belonging to L. casei group can have positive effects on the human body. Therefore, these bacteria are used in many industrial processes, including the production of dietary supplements and probiotic preparations. When using live microorganisms in technological processes, it is important to use those without phage sequences within their genomes that can ultimately lead to lysis of the bacteria. It has been shown that many prophages have a benign nature, meaning that they don't directly lead to lysis or inhibit microbial growth. Moreover, the presence of phage sequences in the genomes of these bacteria increases their genetic diversity, which may contribute to easier colonization of new ecological niches. In the 439 analyzed genomes of the L. casei group, 1509 sequences of prophage origin were detected. The average length of intact prophage sequences analyzed was just under 36 kb. GC content of tested sequences was similar for all analyzed species (44.6 ± 0.9%). Analyzing the protein coding sequences collectively, it was found that there was an average of 44 putative ORFs per genome, while the ORF density of all phage genomes varied from 0.5 to 2.1. The average nucleotide identity calculated on sequence alignments for analyzed sequences was 32.7%. Of the 56 L. casei strains used in the next part of the study, 32 did not show culture growth above the OD600 value of 0.5, even at a mitomycin C concentration of 0.25 μg/ml. Primers used for this study allowed for the detection of prophage sequences for over 90% of tested bacterial strains. Finally, prophages of selected strains were induced using mitomycin C, phage particles were isolated and then genomes of viruses obtained were sequenced and analyzed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piotr Jarocki
- Department of Biotechnology, Microbiology and Human Nutrition, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, 8 Skromna St., 20-704, Lublin, Poland.
| | - Elwira Komoń-Janczara
- Department of Biotechnology, Microbiology and Human Nutrition, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, 8 Skromna St., 20-704, Lublin, Poland
| | | | - Jan Sadurski
- Department of Biotechnology, Microbiology and Human Nutrition, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, 8 Skromna St., 20-704, Lublin, Poland
| | - Kinga Kołodzińska
- Laboratory of Genomics and Bioinformatics, Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Łukasz Łaczmański
- Laboratory of Genomics and Bioinformatics, Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Jacek Panek
- Department of Soil and Plant System, Laboratory of Molecular and Environmental Microbiology, Institute of Agrophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Lublin, Poland
| | - Magdalena Frąc
- Department of Soil and Plant System, Laboratory of Molecular and Environmental Microbiology, Institute of Agrophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Lublin, Poland
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26
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Saburi W, Ota T, Kato K, Tagami T, Yamashita K, Yao M, Mori H. Function and Structure of Lacticaseibacillus casei GH35 β-Galactosidase LBCZ_0230 with High Hydrolytic Activity to Lacto- N-biose I and Galacto- N-biose. J Appl Glycosci (1999) 2023; 70:43-52. [PMID: 37599861 PMCID: PMC10432377 DOI: 10.5458/jag.jag.jag-2022_0014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
β-Galactosidase (EC 3.2.1.23) hydrolyzes β-D-galactosidic linkages at the non-reducing end of substrates to produce β-D-galactose. Lacticaseibacillus casei is one of the most widely utilized probiotic species of lactobacilli. It possesses a putative β-galactosidase belonging to glycoside hydrolase family 35 (GH35). This enzyme is encoded by the gene included in the gene cluster for utilization of lacto-N-biose I (LNB; Galβ1-3GlcNAc) and galacto-N-biose (GNB; Galβ1-3GalNAc) via the phosphoenolpyruvate: sugar phosphotransferase system. The GH35 protein (GnbG) from L. casei BL23 is predicted to be 6-phospho-β-galactosidase (EC 3.2.1.85). However, its 6-phospho-β-galactosidase activity has not yet been examined, whereas its hydrolytic activity against LNB and GNB has been demonstrated. In this study, L. casei JCM1134 LBCZ_0230, homologous to GnbG, was characterized enzymatically and structurally. A recombinant LBCZ_0230, produced in Escherichia coli, exhibited high hydrolytic activity toward o-nitrophenyl β-D-galactopyranoside, p-nitrophenyl β-D-galactopyranoside, LNB, and GNB, but not toward o-nitrophenyl 6-phospho-β-D-galactopyranoside. Crystal structure analysis indicates that the structure of subsite -1 of LBCZ_0230 is very similar to that of Streptococcus pneumoniae β-galactosidase BgaC and not suitable for binding to 6-phospho-β-D-galactopyranoside. These biochemical and structural analyses indicate that LBCZ_0230 is a β-galactosidase. According to the prediction of LNB's binding mode, aromatic residues, Trp190, Trp240, Trp243, Phe244, and Tyr458, form hydrophobic interactions with N-acetyl-D-glucosamine residue of LNB at subsite +1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wataru Saburi
- Research Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University
| | - Tomoya Ota
- Research Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University
| | - Koji Kato
- Faculty of Advanced Life Science, Hokkaido University
| | | | | | - Min Yao
- Faculty of Advanced Life Science, Hokkaido University
| | - Haruhide Mori
- Research Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University
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27
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Carvajal RI, Silva-Mieres F, Ilabaca A, Rocha J, Arellano-Arriagada L, Zuniga Arbalti FA, García-Cancino A. Isolation and characterization of Lactobacillus casei A14.2, a strain with immunomodulating activity on Apis mellifera. Saudi J Biol Sci 2023; 30:103612. [PMID: 36936701 PMCID: PMC10020679 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2023.103612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Revised: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Considering the economic and environmental role played by bees and their present threats it is necessary to develop food supplements favoring their health. The aim of this work was to isolate and characterize an immunomodulating probiotic capable to improve the health of honeybee colonies. For this purpose, bacterial strains were isolated from Apis mellifera bees (N = 180) obtained at three apiaries. A total of 44 strains were isolated and 9 of them were identified as Lactobacillus having the capacity to grow under saccharose osmotic stress, at pH 4.0 and possessing a wide susceptibility to antibiotics. Results allowed to select two strains but finally only one of them, strain A14.2 showed a very significant immunomodulating activity. This strain increased the expression of mRNA codifying the antimicrobial peptides 24 h post-administration. We evaluated its growth kinetics under aerobic and microaerobic conditions and its survival in the presence of high concentrations of saccharose. Results demonstrated that Lactobacillus casei A14.2 strain was highly tolerant to oxygen and that it was able to adapt to saccharose enriched environments (50% and 100% w/v). Finally, L. casei A14.2 strain was administered monthly during summer and early fall to 4 honeybee colonies (2 controls and 2 treatments). The results showed a gradual sustained decrease of infestation (p < 0.05) by the pathogenic Nosema spp. but no reduction in the infestation by the mite Varroa destructor. These results suggest that the administration of this potential probiotic, may increase the resistance of honeybee colonies to infectious diseases caused by Nosema spp.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romina I. Carvajal
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Universidad de Concepción, Víctor Lamas 1290, Concepción 4030000, Chile
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Naturaleza, Universidad San Sebastián, Sede Concepción, Lientur 1457, Concepción 4030000, Chile
| | - Fabiola Silva-Mieres
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Universidad de Concepción, Víctor Lamas 1290, Concepción 4030000, Chile
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy. Laboratory of Integrative Biology (LIBi), Center for Excellence in Translational Medicine (CEMT), Scientific and Technological Bioresource Nucleus (BIOREN), Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4810296, Chile
| | - Alejandra Ilabaca
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Universidad de Concepción, Víctor Lamas 1290, Concepción 4030000, Chile
| | - Jorge Rocha
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Universidad de Concepción, Víctor Lamas 1290, Concepción 4030000, Chile
| | - Luciano Arellano-Arriagada
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Universidad de Concepción, Víctor Lamas 1290, Concepción 4030000, Chile
| | - Felipe A. Zuniga Arbalti
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidad de Concepción, Víctor Lamas 1290, Concepción 4030000, Chile
| | - Apolinaria García-Cancino
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Universidad de Concepción, Víctor Lamas 1290, Concepción 4030000, Chile
- Corresponding author.
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28
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Morales-Ríos EI, Ríos-Guerra H, Espinosa-Raya J, Gómez-Pliego R. Evaluation of the survival of homofermentative Lacticaseibacillus casei subsp. casei in fermented milk matrix enriched with non-digestible natural fibers. JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2023; 60:1560-1569. [PMID: 37033315 PMCID: PMC10076462 DOI: 10.1007/s13197-023-05698-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/18/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023]
Abstract
AbstractThe physicochemical changes induced by seven different dietary fibers (oat, bamboo, pea, inulin, apple, potato, and wheat) during storage and their effects on the survival of homofermentative Lacticaseibacillus casei subsp. casei (L. casei) in fermented milk matrix were analyzed. For this, an experimental study of the effect of storage time on the microorganisms count and physicochemical properties (pH, titratable acidity, syneresis and viscosity) of milk fermented with L. casei was carried out every two weeks during a storage period of 42 days. Throughout the period studied at 4 °C, no significant differences were found in terms of viscosity values, syneresis rates and L. casei counts, despite the substantial decrease in the pH values. Notably, the substantial increase in the concentration of free hydronium ions (active acidity) in the fiber-enriched matrices during the follow-up period was positively correlated with the L.casei survival. The microbial count determined in all samples was higher than 1 × 107 CFU/g, the minimum value recommended by world organizations for nutraceutical fermented foods. Consequently, the studied prebiotic fibers could be considered in the production of new fermented dairy products with functional properties.
Graphical abstract
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuel Iván Morales-Ríos
- Laboratorio de Neurofarmacología, Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Plan de San Luis y Díaz Mirón S/N, Miguel Hidalgo, C.P. 11340 Ciudad de México, México
| | - Hulme Ríos-Guerra
- Departamento de Ciencias Químicas, Sección de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Cuautitlán, Campo 1, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Av. 1 de Mayo S/N, Santa María de Guadalupe las Torres, Cuautitlán Izcalli, C.P. 54740 Estado de México, México
| | - Judith Espinosa-Raya
- Laboratorio de Neurofarmacología, Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Plan de San Luis y Díaz Mirón S/N, Miguel Hidalgo, C.P. 11340 Ciudad de México, México
| | - Raquel Gómez-Pliego
- Departamento de Ciencias Químico-Biológicas, Sección de Ciencias de La Salud Humana, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Cuautitlán, Campo 1, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Av. 1 de Mayo S/N, Santa María de Guadalupe las Torres, Cuautitlán Izcalli, C.P. 54740 Estado de México, México
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29
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Tang H, Huang W, Yao YF. The metabolites of lactic acid bacteria: classification, biosynthesis and modulation of gut microbiota. MICROBIAL CELL (GRAZ, AUSTRIA) 2023; 10:49-62. [PMID: 36908281 PMCID: PMC9993431 DOI: 10.15698/mic2023.03.792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Revised: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023]
Abstract
Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) are ubiquitous microorganisms that can colonize the intestine and participate in the physiological metabolism of the host. LAB can produce a variety of metabolites, including organic acids, bacteriocin, amino acids, exopolysaccharides and vitamins. These metabolites are the basis of LAB function and have a profound impact on host health. The intestine is colonized by a large number of gut microorganisms with high species diversity. Metabolites of LAB can keep the balance and stability of gut microbiota through aiding in the maintenance of the intestinal epithelial barrier, resisting to pathogens and regulating immune responses, which further influence the nutrition, metabolism and behavior of the host. In this review, we summarize the metabolites of LAB and their influence on the intestine. We also discuss the underlying regulatory mechanisms and emphasize the link between LAB and the human gut from the perspective of health promotion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huang Tang
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China.,Laboratory of Bacterial Pathogenesis, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institutes of Medical Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Wanqiu Huang
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China.,Laboratory of Bacterial Pathogenesis, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institutes of Medical Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Yu-Feng Yao
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China.,Laboratory of Bacterial Pathogenesis, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institutes of Medical Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China.,Department of Infectious Diseases, Shanghai Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai 200025, China.,State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, and School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Emergency Prevention, Diagnosis and Treatment of Respiratory Infectious Diseases (20dz2261100), Shanghai 200025, China
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30
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Production and evaluation of a functional fruit beverage consisting of mango juice and probiotic bacteria. JOURNAL OF FOOD MEASUREMENT AND CHARACTERIZATION 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s11694-023-01862-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/06/2023]
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31
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Zhang W, Jia X, Xu Y, Xie Q, Zhu M, Zhao Z, Hao J, Li H, Du J, Liu Y, Liu WH, Ma X, Hung W, Feng H, Li H. Effects of Coix seed extract, Lactobacillus paracasei K56, and their combination on the glycolipid metabolism in obese mice. J Food Sci 2023; 88:1197-1213. [PMID: 36717373 DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.16474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2022] [Revised: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Coix seed extract (CSE) and probiotics have been reported to regulate glycolipid metabolism through different modes of action. We tested the effects of CSE, Lactobacillus paracasei K56, and their combination to determine whether they have synergistic effects on glycolipid metabolism of obese mice. We fed male C57BL/6J mice with high-fat diet for 8 weeks to establish an obesity model. The obesity mice were selected and divided into five groups: the model control group and four intervention groups. After 10 weeks of continuous gavage intervention, the mice in the intervention groups exhibited lower body weight (lower about 2.31-4.41 g, vs. HFD 42.25 g, p < 0.01), and epididymal (lower about 0.58-0.92 g, vs. HFD 2.50 g, p < 0.01) and perirenal fat content (lower about 0.24-0.42 g, vs. HFD 0.88 g, p < 0.05); decreased fasting blood glucose, total cholesterol, triglycerides, and VLDL; and increased HLDL, respiratory exchange ratio, energy expenditure, and amount of exercise performed. K56 + CSE-combined intervention groups were more effective in lowering blood glucose, IL-1β, and TNF-α levels than the CSE and K56 alone interventions. The content of fatty acid synthase and SREBP-1c protein in liver tissue was lower. The combination has synergistic effects on weight control, fat reduction, and blood glucose regulation by improving the chronic inflammatory state and reducing the content of lipid synthesis-related enzymes of obese mice, which can hinder chronic disease progression. PRACTICAL APPLICATION: Coix seed extract can be used in obese people to regulate abnormal glucose and lipid metabolism and delay the development of chronic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhang
- School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Xiuzhen Jia
- Inner Mongolia Dairy Technology Research Institute Co. Ltd., Hohhot, China.,Yili Innovation Center, Inner Mongolia Yili Industrial Group Co., Ltd., Hohhot, China
| | - Yuhan Xu
- School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Qiaoling Xie
- School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Meizhen Zhu
- School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Zifu Zhao
- Inner Mongolia Dairy Technology Research Institute Co. Ltd., Hohhot, China.,Yili Innovation Center, Inner Mongolia Yili Industrial Group Co., Ltd., Hohhot, China
| | - Jingyu Hao
- Inner Mongolia Dairy Technology Research Institute Co. Ltd., Hohhot, China.,Yili Innovation Center, Inner Mongolia Yili Industrial Group Co., Ltd., Hohhot, China
| | - Haoqiu Li
- Inner Mongolia Dairy Technology Research Institute Co. Ltd., Hohhot, China.,Yili Innovation Center, Inner Mongolia Yili Industrial Group Co., Ltd., Hohhot, China
| | - Jinrui Du
- Inner Mongolia Dairy Technology Research Institute Co. Ltd., Hohhot, China.,Yili Innovation Center, Inner Mongolia Yili Industrial Group Co., Ltd., Hohhot, China
| | - Yan Liu
- Inner Mongolia Dairy Technology Research Institute Co. Ltd., Hohhot, China.,Yili Innovation Center, Inner Mongolia Yili Industrial Group Co., Ltd., Hohhot, China
| | - Wei-Hsien Liu
- Inner Mongolia Dairy Technology Research Institute Co. Ltd., Hohhot, China.,Yili Innovation Center, Inner Mongolia Yili Industrial Group Co., Ltd., Hohhot, China
| | - Xia Ma
- Inner Mongolia Dairy Technology Research Institute Co. Ltd., Hohhot, China.,Yili Innovation Center, Inner Mongolia Yili Industrial Group Co., Ltd., Hohhot, China
| | - Weilian Hung
- Inner Mongolia Dairy Technology Research Institute Co. Ltd., Hohhot, China.,Yili Innovation Center, Inner Mongolia Yili Industrial Group Co., Ltd., Hohhot, China
| | - Haotian Feng
- Inner Mongolia Dairy Technology Research Institute Co. Ltd., Hohhot, China.,Yili Innovation Center, Inner Mongolia Yili Industrial Group Co., Ltd., Hohhot, China
| | - Hongwei Li
- School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
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Bisson G, Maifreni M, Innocente N, Marino M. Application of pre-adaptation strategies to improve the growth of probiotic lactobacilli under food-relevant stressful conditions. Food Funct 2023; 14:2128-2137. [PMID: 36745384 DOI: 10.1039/d2fo03215e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
While formulating a probiotic food, it is mandatory to make sure that the viability of probiotics is adequate at the point of consumption, which can be strongly compromised by stressful conditions due to low pH and high osmolarity. In this study, three probiotic lactobacilli were subjected to different pre-adaptation conditions, and the turbidimetric growth kinetics in challenging conditions (pH 4.0-6.5, NaCl 1-7%, sucrose 0.1-0.7 M) were evaluated. Different effects were observed for Lactobacillus acidophilus, Lacticaseibacillus casei, and Lactiplantibacillus plantarum. Indeed, pre-exposition to sub-optimal conditions in terms of pH and % NaCl significantly improved the ability of L. acidophilus and L. casei to overcome the osmotic stress due to salt or sucrose, and similar effects were observed for acidic stress. L. plantarum showed to be more tolerant to the challenging conditions applied in this study. Anyway, the pre-adaptation at conditions SUB_1 (pH 4.5 and NaCl 4%) and SUB_2 (pH 5 and NaCl 2%) speeded-up its growth kinetics by reducing the length of the lag phase under sucrose stress and enhancing the maximum growth rate at the highest pH tested. Moreover, an improvement in biomass amount was observed under sucrose stress. The whole data evidenced that the application of the appropriate pre-adaptation condition could contribute to making probiotics more robust towards challenging conditions due to food matrix, processing, and storage as well as gastrointestinal transit. Further studies will be necessary to gain insight into the proteomics and metabolomics responsible for increased tolerance to stressful conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Bisson
- Department of Agricultural, Food, Animal and Environmental Sciences, University of Udine, via Sondrio 2/A, 33100 Udine, Italy.
| | - Michela Maifreni
- Department of Agricultural, Food, Animal and Environmental Sciences, University of Udine, via Sondrio 2/A, 33100 Udine, Italy.
| | - Nadia Innocente
- Department of Agricultural, Food, Animal and Environmental Sciences, University of Udine, via Sondrio 2/A, 33100 Udine, Italy.
| | - Marilena Marino
- Department of Agricultural, Food, Animal and Environmental Sciences, University of Udine, via Sondrio 2/A, 33100 Udine, Italy.
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Kim YI, Lee ES, Song EJ, Shin DU, Eom JE, Shin HS, Kim JE, Oh JY, Nam YD, Lee SY. Lacticaseibacillus paracasei AO356 ameliorates obesity by regulating adipogenesis and thermogenesis in C57BL/6J male mice. J Funct Foods 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2023.105404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
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34
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Casula E, Pisano MB, Serreli G, Zodio S, Melis MP, Corona G, Costabile A, Cosentino S, Deiana M. Probiotic lactobacilli attenuate oxysterols-induced alteration of intestinal epithelial cell monolayer permeability: Focus on tight junction modulation. Food Chem Toxicol 2023; 172:113558. [PMID: 36528245 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2022.113558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2022] [Revised: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative stress and inflammation lead by dietary oxidised lipids, as oxysterols, have been linked to the loss of intestinal barrier integrity, a crucial event in the initiation and progression of intestinal disorders. In the last decade, probiotic lactobacilli have emerged as an interesting tool to improve intestinal health, thanks to their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the ability of two commercial probiotic strains of lactobacilli (Lactiplantibacillus plantarum 299v® (DMS 9843) and Lacticaseibacillus casei DG® (CNCMI-1572)), both as live bacteria and intracellular content, to attenuate the oxysterols-induced alteration of intestinal epithelial Caco-2 cell monolayer permeability. Our investigation was focused on the modulation of tight junctions (TJs) proteins, occludin, ZO-1 and JAM-A, in relation to redox-sensitive MAPK p38 activation. Obtained results provided evidence on the ability of the two probiotics to counteract the alteration of monolayer permeability and loss of TJs proteins, at least in part, through the modulation of p38 pathway. The protective action was exerted by live bacteria, whose adhesion to Caco-2 cells was not altered by oxysterols, and bacterial intracellular components equally able to interact with the signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emanuela Casula
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Monserrato, 09042, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Maria Barbara Pisano
- Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Monserrato, 09042, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Gabriele Serreli
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Monserrato, 09042, Cagliari, Italy.
| | - Sonia Zodio
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Monserrato, 09042, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Maria Paola Melis
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Monserrato, 09042, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Giulia Corona
- School of Life and Health Sciences, University of Roehampton, London, SW15 4JD, UK
| | - Adele Costabile
- School of Life and Health Sciences, University of Roehampton, London, SW15 4JD, UK
| | - Sofia Cosentino
- Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Monserrato, 09042, Cagliari, Italy.
| | - Monica Deiana
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Monserrato, 09042, Cagliari, Italy
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Hosseinzadeh R, Bahadori A, Ghorbani M, Mohammadimehr M. Lactobacillus casei condition medium downregulates miR-21 relative expression in HT-29 colorectal cancer cell line. FEMS Microbiol Lett 2023; 370:fnad089. [PMID: 37697675 DOI: 10.1093/femsle/fnad089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Revised: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Previous research has demonstrated promising outcomes regarding the advantageous impact of probiotics in both cancer prevention and treatment. Nevertheless, the precise molecular mechanisms underpinning these effects remain elusive. Recent investigations have proposed a potential involvement of micro ribonucleic acids (miRNAs) in mediating the favorable influence of probiotics on cancerous cells. This study was designed to evaluate the effect of Lactobacillus casei condition medium on miR-21 relative expression in HT-29 colorectal cancer cells. Lactobacillus casei condition medium mixed with RPMI in different proportions (1:1, 1:3, and 1:7) and utilized to treat HT-29 cells for 24 and 48 h. Subsequently, percentage of early and late apoptotic cells were identified using a flow cytometry instrument. A real-time polymerase chain reaction was carried out to determine the relative expression of miR-21. Our findings revealed that L. casei condition medium induces apoptosis in a time- and dose-dependent manner in HT-29 cells. Furthermore, we found a significantly downregulated miR-21 after treatment with high doses of L. casei condition medium after 48 h. Overall, our results provide valuable insights into a potential mechanism through which L. casei condition medium mediates its apoptotic effect in colorectal cancer cells through downregulation of miR-21. However, further investigations are required to unravel its therapeutic, diagnostic, and treatment monitoring potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramin Hosseinzadeh
- Research Center for Cancer Screening and Epidemiology, Aja University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1411718541, Iran
| | - Ali Bahadori
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Sarab Faculty of Medical Sciences, Sarab 4543154717, Iran
| | - Mahdi Ghorbani
- Research Center for Cancer Screening and Epidemiology, Aja University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1411718541, Iran
| | - Mojgan Mohammadimehr
- Infectious Diseases Research Center, Aja University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1411718541, Iran
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36
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Bettera L, Levante A, Bancalari E, Bottari B, Gatti M. Lactic acid bacteria in cow raw milk for cheese production: Which and how many? Front Microbiol 2023; 13:1092224. [PMID: 36713157 PMCID: PMC9878191 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.1092224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Lactic Acid Bacteria (LAB) exert a fundamental activity in cheese production, as starter LAB in curd acidification, or non-starter LAB (NSLAB) during ripening, in particular in flavor formation. NSLAB originate from the farm and dairy environment, becoming natural contaminants of raw milk where they are present in very low concentrations. Afterward, throughout the different cheesemaking processes, they withstand chemical and physical stresses becoming dominant in ripened cheeses. However, despite a great body of knowledge is available in the literature about NSLAB effect on cheese ripening, the investigations regarding their presence and abundance in raw milk are still poor. With the aim to answer the initial question: "which and how many LAB are present in cow raw milk used for cheese production?," this review has been divided in two main parts. The first one gives an overview of LAB presence in the complex microbiota of raw milk through the meta-analysis of recent taxonomic studies. In the second part, we present a collection of data about LAB quantification in raw milk by culture-dependent analysis, retrieved through a systematic review. Essentially, the revision of data obtained by plate counts on selective agar media showed an average higher concentration of coccoid LAB than lactobacilli, which was found to be consistent with meta-taxonomic analysis. The advantages of the impedometric technique applied to the quantification of LAB in raw milk were also briefly discussed with a focus on the statistical significance of the obtainable data. Furthermore, this approach was also found to be more accurate in highlighting that microorganisms other than LAB are the major component of raw milk. Nevertheless, the variability of the results observed in the studies based on the same counting methodology, highlights that different sampling methods, as well as the "history" of milk before analysis, are variables of great importance that need to be considered in raw milk analysis.
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Biochemical and Genomic Characterization of Two New Strains of Lacticaseibacillus paracasei Isolated from the Traditional Corn-Based Beverage of South Africa, Mahewu, and Their Comparison with Strains Isolated from Kefir Grains. Foods 2023; 12:foods12010223. [PMID: 36613437 PMCID: PMC9818903 DOI: 10.3390/foods12010223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Revised: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 12/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Lacticaseibacillus paracasei (formerly Lactobacillus paracasei) is a nomadic lactic acid bacterium (LAB) that inhabits a wide variety of ecological niches, from fermented foodstuffs to host-associated microenvironments. Many of the isolated L. paracasei strains have been used as single-strain probiotics or as part of a symbiotic consortium within formulations. The present study contributes to the exploration of different strains of L. paracasei derived from non-conventional isolation sources-the South African traditional fermented drink mahewu (strains MA2 and MA3) and kefir grains (strains KF1 and ABK). The performed microbiological, biochemical and genomic comparative analyses of the studied strains demonstrated correlation between properties of the strains and their isolation source, which suggests the presence of at least partial strain adaptation to the isolation environments. Additionally, for the studied strains, antagonistic activities against common pathogens and against each other were observed, and the ability to release bioactive peptides with antioxidant and angiotensin I-converting enzyme inhibitory (ACE-I) properties during milk fermentation was investigated. The obtained results may be useful for a deeper understanding of the nomadic lifestyle of L. paracasei and for the development of new starter cultures and probiotic preparations based on this LAB in the future.
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Rampanti G, Ferrocino I, Harasym J, Foligni R, Cardinali F, Orkusz A, Milanović V, Franciosa I, Garofalo C, Mannozzi C, Mozzon M, Osimani A, Aquilanti L. Queijo Serra da Estrela PDO Cheese: Investigation into Its Morpho-Textural Traits, Microbiota, and Volatilome. Foods 2022; 12:foods12010169. [PMID: 36613385 PMCID: PMC9818377 DOI: 10.3390/foods12010169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2022] [Revised: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Queijo Serra da Estrela is a PDO Portuguese cheese produced through coagulation of raw ewe’s milk using cardoon (Cynara cardunculus L.) flowers. The present research was aimed at depicting an up-to-date and comprehensive overview of the microbiota of Queijo Serra da Estrela cheese. To this end, viable counting and metataxonomic analysis were carried out on cheeses sampled from four Portuguese artisan producers. Physico-chemical and morpho-textural analyses were also performed, together with the analysis of volatile organic compounds (VOCs). Finally, non-starter lactic acid bacteria (NSLAB) isolated from the cheeses were characterized for their enzymatic activities using a semi-quantitative method. According to the metataxonomic analysis, Lactococcus lactis and Lactococcus piscium were the species occurring at the highest relative abundance. The isolates collected from the cheeses were assigned to Enterococcus durans, Enterococcus faecalis, Enterococcus faecium, Enterococcus lactis, Levilactobacillus brevis, Latilactobacillus graminis, Leuconostoc mesenteroides, and the Lacticaseibacillus casei group. The enzymatic characterization of these cultures highlighted esterase, aminopeptidase, acid phosphatase, beta-galactosidase, alpha-glucosidase, and beta-glucosidase among the major enzymatic activities. Fungal populations were dominated by Debaryomyces hansenii and Kurtzmaniella zeylanoides; however, species rarely found in cheese (e.g., Candida boidinii, Vishniacozyma victoriae, and Starmerella) were also detected. The volatile compounds characterizing the analyzed cheeses were carboxylic acids and esters, followed by carbonyl compounds and alcohols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giorgia Rampanti
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, Food and Environmental, Marche Polytechnic University, 60131 Ancona, Italy
| | - Ilario Ferrocino
- Department of Agricultural, Forest, and Food Science, University of Turin, Largo Paolo Braccini 2, 10095 Grugliasco, Italy
| | - Joanna Harasym
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Analysis, Wroclaw University of Economics and Business, Komandorska 118/120, 53–345 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Roberta Foligni
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, Food and Environmental, Marche Polytechnic University, 60131 Ancona, Italy
| | - Federica Cardinali
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, Food and Environmental, Marche Polytechnic University, 60131 Ancona, Italy
| | - Agnieszka Orkusz
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Analysis, Wroclaw University of Economics and Business, Komandorska 118/120, 53–345 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Vesna Milanović
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, Food and Environmental, Marche Polytechnic University, 60131 Ancona, Italy
| | - Irene Franciosa
- Department of Agricultural, Forest, and Food Science, University of Turin, Largo Paolo Braccini 2, 10095 Grugliasco, Italy
| | - Cristiana Garofalo
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, Food and Environmental, Marche Polytechnic University, 60131 Ancona, Italy
| | - Cinzia Mannozzi
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, Food and Environmental, Marche Polytechnic University, 60131 Ancona, Italy
| | - Massimo Mozzon
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, Food and Environmental, Marche Polytechnic University, 60131 Ancona, Italy
| | - Andrea Osimani
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, Food and Environmental, Marche Polytechnic University, 60131 Ancona, Italy
- Correspondence:
| | - Lucia Aquilanti
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, Food and Environmental, Marche Polytechnic University, 60131 Ancona, Italy
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Gu S, Zhang J, Li L, Zhong J. Repurposing the Endogenous CRISPR-Cas9 System for High-Efficiency Genome Editing in Lacticaseibacillus paracasei. ACS Synth Biol 2022; 11:4031-4042. [PMID: 36414383 DOI: 10.1021/acssynbio.2c00374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Lactobacilli such as Lacticaseibacillus (Lcb) paracasei are generally regarded as safe and health-promoting microbes, and have been widely applied in food and pharmaceutical industries. However, the genetic bases of their beneficial properties were mostly uncertain because of the lack of effective genetic manipulation tools. The type II CRISPR-Cas9 system is the largest family present in lactobacilli, but none of them yet have been developed for genetic modifications. Here, we establish the first endogenous CRISPR-Cas9 genome-editing system in lactobacilli. With a validated protospacer adjacent motif (PAM) and customized single guide RNA (sgRNA) expression cassette, the native CRISPR-Cas9 system was reprogrammed to achieve gene deletion and chromosomal insertion at over 90% efficiency, as well as nucleotide substitution at ≥50% efficiency. We also effectively accomplished deletions of large genomic fragments (5-10 kb) and simultaneous deletion of multiple genes at distal loci, both of which are the first cases in lactobacilli when either endogenous or exogenous CRISPR-Cas systems were employed. In addition, we designed a controllable plasmid-targeting sgRNA expression module and integrated it into the editing plasmid. The all-in-one vector realized gene deletion and plasmid curing at high efficiency (>90%). Collectively, the present study develops a convenient and precise genetic tool in Lcb. paracasei and contributes to the genetics and engineering of lactobacilli.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shujie Gu
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China.,State Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Lili Li
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China.,State Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Jin Zhong
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China.,State Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
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40
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Lee MG, Joeng H, Shin J, Kim S, Lee C, Song Y, Lee BH, Park HG, Lee TH, Jiang HH, Han YS, Lee BG, Lee HJ, Park MJ, Jun YJ, Park YS. Potential Probiotic Properties of Exopolysaccharide-Producing Lacticaseibacillus paracasei EPS DA-BACS and Prebiotic Activity of Its Exopolysaccharide. Microorganisms 2022; 10:microorganisms10122431. [PMID: 36557684 PMCID: PMC9787920 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10122431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Exopolysaccharide (EPS)-producing Lacticaseibacillus paracasei EPS DA-BACS was isolated from healthy human feces and its probiotic properties, as well as the structure and prebiotic activity of the EPS from this strain were examined. EPS from L. paracasei EPS DA-BACS had a ropy phenotype, which is known to have potential health benefits and is identified as loosely cell-bounded glucomannan-type EPS with a molecular size of 3.7 × 106 Da. EPS promoted the acid tolerance of L. paracasei EPS DA-BACS and provided cells with tolerance to gastrointestinal stress. The purified EPS showed growth inhibitory activity against Clostridium difficile. L. paracasei EPS DA-BACS cells completely inhibited the growth of Bacillus subtilis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Aspergillus brasiliensis, as well as showed high growth inhibitory activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. Treatment of lipopolysaccharide-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells with heat-killed L. paracasei EPS DA-BACS cells led to a decrease in the production of nitric oxide, indicating the anti-inflammatory activity of L. paracasei EPS DA-BACS. Purified EPS promoted the growth of Lactobacillus gasseri, Bifidobacterium bifidum, B. animalis, and B. faecale which showed high prebiotic activity. L. paracasei EPS DA-BACS harbors no antibiotic resistance genes or virulence factors. Therefore, L. paracasei EPS DA-BACS exhibits anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial activities with high gut adhesion ability and gastrointestinal tolerance and can be used as a potential probiotic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min-Gyu Lee
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Gachon University, Seongnam 13120, Republic of Korea
| | - Huijin Joeng
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Gachon University, Seongnam 13120, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaein Shin
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Gachon University, Seongnam 13120, Republic of Korea
| | - Suin Kim
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Gachon University, Seongnam 13120, Republic of Korea
| | - Chaeeun Lee
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Gachon University, Seongnam 13120, Republic of Korea
| | - Youngbo Song
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Gachon University, Seongnam 13120, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung-Hoo Lee
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Gachon University, Seongnam 13120, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyoung-Geun Park
- Research Laboratory, Dong-A Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Yongin 17073, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Ho Lee
- Research Laboratory, Dong-A Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Yongin 17073, Republic of Korea
| | - Hai-Hua Jiang
- Research Laboratory, Dong-A Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Yongin 17073, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Sun Han
- Research Laboratory, Dong-A Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Yongin 17073, Republic of Korea
| | - Bong-Gyeong Lee
- Research Laboratory, Dong-A Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Yongin 17073, Republic of Korea
| | - Ho-Jin Lee
- Research Laboratory, Dong-A Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Yongin 17073, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Ju Park
- Research Laboratory, Dong-A Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Yongin 17073, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun-Ju Jun
- Research Laboratory, Dong-A Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Yongin 17073, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Seo Park
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Gachon University, Seongnam 13120, Republic of Korea
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-31-750-5378
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Apostolos AJ, Chordia MD, Kolli SH, Dalesandro BE, Rutkowski MR, Pires MM. Real-time non-invasive fluorescence imaging of gut commensal bacteria to detect dynamic changes in the microbiome of live mice. Cell Chem Biol 2022; 29:S2451-9456(22)00416-0. [PMID: 36516833 PMCID: PMC10239791 DOI: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2022.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Revised: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
In mammals, gut commensal microbiota interact extensively with the host, and the same interactions can be dysregulated in diseased states. Animal imaging is a powerful technique that is widely used to diagnose, measure, and track biological changes in model organisms such as laboratory mice. Several imaging techniques have been discovered and adopted by the research community that provide dynamic, non-invasive assessment of live animals, but these gains have not been universal across all fields of biology. Herein, we describe a method to non-invasively image commensal bacteria based on the specific metabolic labeling of bacterial cell walls to illuminate the gut bacteria of live mice. This tagging strategy may additionally provide unprecedented insight into cell wall turnover of gut commensals, which has implications for bacterial cellular growth and division, in a live animal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexis J Apostolos
- Department of Chemistry, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22904, USA
| | - Mahendra D Chordia
- Department of Chemistry, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22904, USA
| | - Sree H Kolli
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Cancer Biology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22904, USA
| | | | - Melanie R Rutkowski
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Cancer Biology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22904, USA
| | - Marcos M Pires
- Department of Chemistry, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22904, USA.
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Wang J, Wang T, Li Y, Fan Z, Lv Z, Liu L, Li X, Li B. Comparative genomic analysis of Lacticaseibacillus paracasei SMN-LBK from koumiss. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:1042117. [DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.1042117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Lacticaseibacillus paracasei SMN-LBK, which was isolated in Xinjiang, has been shown to be a probiotic strain and used as the auxiliary starter for dairy fermentation. Comparative genomic analysis was performed to investigate the metabolic preference and ethanol tolerance mechanisms of L. paracasei SMN-LBK. The results of comparative genomics showed that L. paracasei strains had high conservation and genetic diversity. SMN-LBK encoded various genes related to carbohydrate and amino acid metabolism pathways, which endow this strain with good fermentation potential. In addition, 6 CRISPR sequences and 8 cas proteins were found in SMN-LBK, and these could play vital roles in the immune system. Furthermore, a unique cluster of potential secondary metabolism genes related to bacteriocins was detected in the genome of SMN-LBK, and this could be important for the preservation of fermented foods. Multiple genes related to alcohol tolerance were also identified. In conclusion, our study explained the traits that were previously demonstrated for SMN-LBK as phenotypes and provided a theoretical basis for the application of SMN-LBK in the food industry.
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Characterization of probiotic properties and development of banana powder enriched with freeze-dried Lacticaseibacillus paracasei probiotics. Heliyon 2022; 8:e11063. [PMID: 36276732 PMCID: PMC9578979 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e11063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Revised: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Lacticaseibacillus paracasei is one of the probiotic bacteria widely identified from fermented foods. The application of L. paracasei is commonly used in dairy and non-dairy products. To investigate the probiotic properties of L. paracasei cells including their acid, pepsin, pancreatin, and bile salt tolerances; adhesion ability; antipathogen activity; and antibiotic susceptibility, L. paracasei cells were incorporated into skim milk and lyophilized by freeze drying. Freeze-dried probiotic cells were add to green banana powder and low moisture additive food matrices and a storage analysis of the product was performed. The result showed that L. paracasei cells possessed potentially beneficial probiotic properties to survive stress in the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) and functional abilities as an anti-enteropathogenic agent; they were also safe to use and displayed antibiotic properties. Furthermore, the probiotic freeze-drying technique preserved high probiotic cell survivability (1011 CFU/g). In term of prolonged storage (60 days), the powder product was stable and maintained probiotic survival (107 CFU/g) while excluding non-probiotic growth. In conclusion, L. paracasei displayed probiotic properties in the GIT and was judged to be a highly acceptable product as a probiotics–banana rehydrated beverage.
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You S, Ma Y, Yan B, Pei W, Wu Q, Ding C, Huang C. The promotion mechanism of prebiotics for probiotics: A review. Front Nutr 2022; 9:1000517. [PMID: 36276830 PMCID: PMC9581195 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.1000517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Prebiotics and probiotics play a positive role in promoting human nutrition and health. Prebiotics are compounds that cannot be digested by the host, but can be used and fermented by probiotics, so as to promote the reproduction and metabolism of intestinal probiotics for the health of body. It has been confirmed that probiotics have clinical or health care functions in preventing or controlling intestinal, respiratory, and urogenital infections, allergic reaction, inflammatory bowel disease, irritable bowel syndrome and other aspects. However, there are few systematic summaries of these types, mechanisms of action and the promotion relationship between prebiotics and probiotic. Therefore, we summarized the various types of prebiotics and probiotics, their individual action mechanisms, and the mechanism of prebiotics promoting probiotics in the intestinal tract. It is hoped this review can provide new ideas for the application of prebiotics and probiotics in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyong You
- Co-Innovation Center for Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Food Science and Technology, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yuchen Ma
- Co-Innovation Center for Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China
- Food Science and Technology Center, National University of Singapore (Suzhou) Research Institute, Suzhou, China
| | - Bowen Yan
- Co-Innovation Center for Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wenhui Pei
- Co-Innovation Center for Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qiming Wu
- Nutrilite Health Institute, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Qiming Wu
| | - Chao Ding
- Department of General Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
- Chao Ding
| | - Caoxing Huang
- Co-Innovation Center for Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China
- Caoxing Huang
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Kim E, Yang SM, Cho EJ, Kim HY. Evaluation of matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry for the discrimination of Lacticaseibacillus species. Food Microbiol 2022; 107:104094. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fm.2022.104094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2021] [Revised: 07/09/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Huang W, Zhang Y, Li Z, Li M, Li F, Mortimer M, Guo LH. Silver and Hyaluronic Acid-Coated Gold Nanoparticles Modulate the Metabolism of a Model Human Gut Bacterium Lactobacillus casei. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:3377. [PMID: 36234503 PMCID: PMC9565723 DOI: 10.3390/nano12193377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Revised: 09/11/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Medical applications of nanotechnology are promising in creating efficient and targeted therapies. However, so far, nanodrug design has not taken into consideration possible effects on human microbiota. The beneficial functions of bacteria could be stimulated by nanodrugs while negative effects on beneficial bacteria could cause risks to human health. Here, simulated intestinal fluid (IF) was optimized for culturing a human commensal and probiotic bacterial strain, Lactobacillus casei, to study the effects of medically relevant NPs—Ag and hyaluronic acid-coated Au NPs (HA-Au NPs)—in conditions pertinent to the gastrointestinal tract. When cultivated either aerobically or anaerobically, the specific growth rates of L. casei were ~0.2 h−1 in IF and ~0.4 h−1 in the standard medium of lactobacilli (MRS). Ag NPs inhibited the growth of L. casei in IF at lower concentrations (EC50 ~ 65 and 15 mg/L in aerobic and anaerobic conditions, respectively) than in MRS (EC50 > 100 mg/L), likely caused by differences in the composition of the two media and different intrinsic growth rates of bacteria in IF and MRS. Ag NP dissolution in IF and MRS did not explain the differences in growth inhibition, implying NP-specific effects. HA-Au NPs were not growth-inhibitory to L. casei up to 250 mg/L. Still, both NPs at sub-growth-inhibitory concentrations suppressed the expression of bacteriocin genes in L. casei, suggesting an inhibitory effect of NPs on the probiotic properties of L. casei, i.e., its competitiveness in microbial communities. However, HA-Au NPs did not appear to affect or even stimulated the immunomodulatory properties of L. casei in human intestinal epithelial cells. Thus, medically relevant NPs at low, sub-bacteriostatic levels can affect the metabolism of beneficial human bacteria and potentially induce changes in the microbiota and immune signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenqian Huang
- College of Life Science, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou 310018, China
- Institute of Environmental and Health Sciences, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Yirong Zhang
- College of Life Science, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou 310018, China
- Institute of Environmental and Health Sciences, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Zhi Li
- College of Life Science, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou 310018, China
- Institute of Environmental and Health Sciences, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Minjie Li
- College of Quality and Safety Engineering, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Fangfang Li
- Institute of Environmental and Health Sciences, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou 310018, China
- College of Quality and Safety Engineering, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Monika Mortimer
- Institute of Environmental and Health Sciences, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou 310018, China
- College of Quality and Safety Engineering, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Liang-Hong Guo
- Institute of Environmental and Health Sciences, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou 310018, China
- College of Quality and Safety Engineering, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou 310018, China
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Bioprospecting for Novel Probiotic Strains from Human Milk and Infants: Molecular, Biochemical, and Ultrastructural Evidence. BIOLOGY 2022; 11:biology11101405. [PMID: 36290309 PMCID: PMC9598434 DOI: 10.3390/biology11101405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Revised: 08/07/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary Demographic, genetic factors, and maternal lifestyle could modify and alter the microbial diversity of human milk and infants’ gut. We screened human breast milk and infant stool samples from Egyptian sources for possible novel probiotic strains. Forty-one isolates were submitted to the gene bank database, classified, and identified through physiological and biochemical tests. All samples revealed antibiotic resistance, antibacterial activity, and high probiotic features. Six of the isolates revealed less than 95% Average Nucleotide Identity with deposited sequences in the database. Isolate Lactobacillus delbrueckii ASO 100 exhibited the lowest identity ratio with promising probiotic and antibacterial features, enlightening the high probability of being a new probiotic species. Abstract Human milk comprises a diverse array of microbial communities with health-promoting effects, including colonization and development of the infant’s gut. In this study, we characterized the bacterial communities in the Egyptian mother–infant pairs during the first year of life under normal breastfeeding conditions. Out of one hundred isolates, forty-one were chosen for their potential probiotic properties. The selected isolates were profiled in terms of morphological and biochemical properties. The taxonomic evidence of these isolates was investigated based on 16S rRNA gene sequence and phylogenetic trees between the isolates’ sequence and the nearest sequences in the database. The taxonomic and biochemical evidence displayed that the isolates were encompassed in three genera: Lactobacillus, Enterococcus, and Lactococcus. The Lactobacillus was the most common genus in human milk and feces samples with a high incidence of its different species (Lacticaseibacillus paracasei, Lactobacillus delbrueckii, Lactiplantibacillus plantarum, Lactobacillus gasseri, and Lacticaseibacillus casei). Interestingly, BlastN and Jalview alignment results evidenced a low identity ratio of six isolates (less than 95%) with database sequences. This divergence was supported by the unique physiological, biochemical, and probiotic features of these isolates. The isolate L. delbrueckii, ASO 100 exhibited the lowest identity ratio with brilliant probiotic and antibacterial features suggesting the high probability of being a new species. Nine isolates were chosen and subjected to probiotic tests and ultrastructural analysis; these isolates exhibited antibiotic resistance and antibacterial activity with high probiotic characteristics, and high potentiality to be used as prophylactic and therapeutic agents in controlling intestinal pathogens.
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48
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Angerami Almeida K, de Queiroz Andrade E, Burns G, Hoedt EC, Mattes J, Keely S, Collison A. The microbiota in eosinophilic esophagitis: A systematic review. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2022; 37:1673-1684. [PMID: 35730344 PMCID: PMC9544137 DOI: 10.1111/jgh.15921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Revised: 05/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) is an atopic disease of the esophagus that has shown a significant increase in incidence and prevalence in the last 20 years. The etiology of EoE is unclear, and few studies explore the esophageal microbiota in EoE. The local microbiome has been implicated in the pathogenesis of several allergic and inflammatory diseases, such as asthma and eczema. In this study, we performed a systematic review to evaluate differences in the microbiota profile of patients with EoE compared with controls. MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane Library, Scopus, and CINAHL (Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature) databases were searched to identify studies investigating the microbiota composition in EoE. Three reviewers screened the articles for eligibility and quality. Seven articles underwent full-text review, and a narrative synthesis was undertaken. The microbiota of the mouth and esophagus are correlated. Patients with active EoE present increased esophageal microbial load and increased abundance in particular species, such as Haemophilus and Aggregatibacter. On the other hand, EoE patients present a decrease in Firmicutes. High microbial load and abundance of Haemophilus are observed in EoE patients, but little evidence exists to demonstrate their influence on inflammation and disease. Understanding microbial signatures in EoE might contribute to the development of novel therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaylani Angerami Almeida
- School of Medicine and Public HealthUniversity of NewcastleNewcastleNew South WalesAustralia,Priority Research Centre GrowUpWell, Hunter Medical Research InstituteUniversity of NewcastleNewcastleNew South WalesAustralia,Viruses, Infection, Immunity, Vaccine and Asthma (VIVA) ProgramHunter Medical Research Institute (HMRI)New Lambton HeightsNew South WalesAustralia,NHMRC Centre of Research Excellence (CRE) in Digestive HealthThe University of NewcastleCallaghanNew South WalesAustralia
| | - Ediane de Queiroz Andrade
- School of Medicine and Public HealthUniversity of NewcastleNewcastleNew South WalesAustralia,Priority Research Centre GrowUpWell, Hunter Medical Research InstituteUniversity of NewcastleNewcastleNew South WalesAustralia,Viruses, Infection, Immunity, Vaccine and Asthma (VIVA) ProgramHunter Medical Research Institute (HMRI)New Lambton HeightsNew South WalesAustralia
| | - Grace Burns
- NHMRC Centre of Research Excellence (CRE) in Digestive HealthThe University of NewcastleCallaghanNew South WalesAustralia,School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, College of Health, Medicine and WellbeingThe University of NewcastleCallaghanNew South WalesAustralia
| | - Emily C Hoedt
- NHMRC Centre of Research Excellence (CRE) in Digestive HealthThe University of NewcastleCallaghanNew South WalesAustralia,School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, College of Health, Medicine and WellbeingThe University of NewcastleCallaghanNew South WalesAustralia
| | - Joerg Mattes
- School of Medicine and Public HealthUniversity of NewcastleNewcastleNew South WalesAustralia,Priority Research Centre GrowUpWell, Hunter Medical Research InstituteUniversity of NewcastleNewcastleNew South WalesAustralia,Viruses, Infection, Immunity, Vaccine and Asthma (VIVA) ProgramHunter Medical Research Institute (HMRI)New Lambton HeightsNew South WalesAustralia
| | - Simon Keely
- NHMRC Centre of Research Excellence (CRE) in Digestive HealthThe University of NewcastleCallaghanNew South WalesAustralia,School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, College of Health, Medicine and WellbeingThe University of NewcastleCallaghanNew South WalesAustralia
| | - Adam Collison
- School of Medicine and Public HealthUniversity of NewcastleNewcastleNew South WalesAustralia,Priority Research Centre GrowUpWell, Hunter Medical Research InstituteUniversity of NewcastleNewcastleNew South WalesAustralia,Viruses, Infection, Immunity, Vaccine and Asthma (VIVA) ProgramHunter Medical Research Institute (HMRI)New Lambton HeightsNew South WalesAustralia
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Enache IM, Vasile MA, Crăciunescu O, Prelipcean AM, Oancea A, Enachi E, Barbu VV, Stănciuc N, Vizireanu C. Co-Microencapsulation of Anthocyanins from Cornelian Cherry (Cornus mas L.) Fruits and Lactic Acid Bacteria into Antioxidant and Anti-Proliferative Derivative Powders. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14173458. [PMID: 36079716 PMCID: PMC9458241 DOI: 10.3390/nu14173458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2022] [Revised: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Driven by the modern lifestyle, the consumers are interested in healthier and balanced diets, including both probiotics and natural antioxidants. The beneficial health effects of probiotics are mainly due to their capacity of modulating the human intestinal microbiota, although achieving at least a 6 log of viable cells at the targeted site is still challenging. Therefore, in this study, an attempt to improve the bioaccessibility of Lacticaseibacillus casei (L. casei) 431® through a co-microencapsulation by complex coacervation and freeze-drying, using an extract from Cornelian cherry and two biopolymeric matrices, whey protein isolates and casein (WPI-CN) and inulin (WPI-I), was studied. The powders showed a comparable anthocyanin content of around 32.00 mg cyanidin-3-rutinoside (C3R)/g dry matter (DM) and a microbial load of about 10 Log CFU/g DM. A high stability of the lactic acid bacteria was assessed throughout 90 days of storage, whereas the anthocyanins’ degradation during storage followed a first order kinetic model, allowing the estimation of a half-time of 66.88 ± 1.67 days for WPI-CN and 83.60 ± 2.46 days for WPI-I. The in vitro digestion showed a high stability of anthocyanins in the simulated gastric juice, whereas the release in the simulated intestinal juice was favored in the variant with inulin (up to 38%). The use of casein permitted to obtain finer spherosomes, with smaller diameters, whereas a double encapsulation was obvious in both variants, thus explaining the high resistance in the gastric environment. The anti-proliferative effect against the human colon cancer cell line (HT-29) was also demonstrated. No cytotoxicity has been found for the concentrations between 1 and 25 μg/mL for the WPI-I variant, whereas a cell proliferation effect was observed at low concentrations of 1–5 μg/mL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iuliana Maria Enache
- Faculty of Food Science and Engineering, Dunarea de Jos University of Galati, 800008 Galati, Romania
| | - Mihaela Aida Vasile
- Faculty of Food Science and Engineering, Dunarea de Jos University of Galati, 800008 Galati, Romania
| | - Oana Crăciunescu
- National Institute for Research and Development of Biological Sciences in Romania, 060031 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Ana Maria Prelipcean
- National Institute for Research and Development of Biological Sciences in Romania, 060031 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Anca Oancea
- National Institute for Research and Development of Biological Sciences in Romania, 060031 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Elena Enachi
- Faculty of Food Science and Engineering, Dunarea de Jos University of Galati, 800008 Galati, Romania
| | - Viorica Vasilica Barbu
- Faculty of Food Science and Engineering, Dunarea de Jos University of Galati, 800008 Galati, Romania
| | - Nicoleta Stănciuc
- Faculty of Food Science and Engineering, Dunarea de Jos University of Galati, 800008 Galati, Romania
| | - Camelia Vizireanu
- Faculty of Food Science and Engineering, Dunarea de Jos University of Galati, 800008 Galati, Romania
- Correspondence:
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50
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Ilie GI, Milea ȘA, Râpeanu G, Cîrciumaru A, Stănciuc N. Sustainable Design of Innovative Kiwi Byproducts-Based Ingredients Containing Probiotics. Foods 2022; 11:foods11152334. [PMID: 35954100 PMCID: PMC9368325 DOI: 10.3390/foods11152334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Revised: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Industrial processing of kiwifruits generates a large quantity of byproducts, estimated to be one million tons per year. The resulting byproducts are rich sources of bioactive components that may be used as additives, hence minimizing economic and environmental issues. In this study, kiwifruit byproducts were used to develop added-value food-grade ingredients containing probiotics. The byproducts were divided into peels and pomace. Both residues were inoculated with a selected strain of probiotic (Lacticaseibacillus casei 431®), and two variants were additionally enhanced with prebiotic sources (buckwheat and black rice flours). The inoculated powders were obtained by freeze-drying, and the final ingredients were coded as KP (freeze-dried kiwi peels), KBR (freeze-dried kiwi pomace and black rice flour), KPB (freeze-dried kiwi pomace and buckwheat flour), and KPO (freeze-dried kiwi pomace). The phytochemical profile was assessed using different spectrophotometric methods, such as the determination of polyphenols, flavonoids, and carotenoids. The kiwi byproduct-based formulations showed a polyphenolic content varying from 10.56 ± 0.30 mg AGE/g DW to 13.16 ± 0.33 mg AGE/g, and the survival rate of lactic acid bacteria after freeze-drying ranged from 73% to 88%. The results showed an increase in total flavonoid content from the oral to gastric environment and controlled release in the intestinal environment, whereas a maximum survival rate of probiotics at the intestinal end stage was 48%. The results of SEM and droplet size measurements revealed vesicular and polyhedral structures on curved surfaces linked by ridge sections. The CIEL*a*b* color data were strongly associated with the particular pigment in kiwi pulp, as well as the color of the additional flour. Finally, the ingredients were tested in protein bars and enhanced the value of the final food product regarding its phytochemical and probiotic content.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gheorghe-Ionuț Ilie
- Faculty of Food Science and Engineering, Dunarea de Jos University of Galati, 800201 Galați, Romania
| | - Ștefania-Adelina Milea
- Faculty of Food Science and Engineering, Dunarea de Jos University of Galati, 800201 Galați, Romania
| | - Gabriela Râpeanu
- Faculty of Food Science and Engineering, Dunarea de Jos University of Galati, 800201 Galați, Romania
| | - Adrian Cîrciumaru
- Cross-Border Faculty, Dunarea de Jos University of Galati, 800201 Galați, Romania
| | - Nicoleta Stănciuc
- Faculty of Food Science and Engineering, Dunarea de Jos University of Galati, 800201 Galați, Romania
- Correspondence:
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