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Babar S, Baloch A, Qasim M, Wang J, Wang X, Li Y, Khalid S, Jiang C. Unearthing the soil-bacteria nexus to enhance potassium bioavailability for global sustainable agriculture: A mechanistic preview. Microbiol Res 2024; 288:127885. [PMID: 39236472 DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2024.127885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2024] [Revised: 08/02/2024] [Accepted: 08/25/2024] [Indexed: 09/07/2024]
Abstract
Established as a plant macronutrient, potassium (K) substantially bestows plant growth and thus, global food production. It is absorbed by plants as potassium cation (K+) from soil solution, which is enriched through slow-release from soil minerals or addition of soluble fertilizers. Contribution of bioavailable K+ from soil is usually insignificant (< 2 %), although the earth's crust is rich in K-bearing minerals. However, K is fixed largely in interlayer spaces of K-bearing minerals, which can be released by K-solubilizing bacteria (KSB) such as Bacillus, Pseudomonas, Enterobacter, and Acidithiobacillus. The underlying mechanisms of K dissolution by KSB include acidolysis, ion exchange reactions, chelation, complexolysis, and release of various organic and inorganic acids such as citric, oxalic, acetic, gluconic, and tartaric acids. These acids cause disintegration of K-bearing minerals and bring K+ into soil solution that becomes available to the plants. Current literature review updates the scientific information about microbial species, factors, and mechanisms governing the bio-intrusion of K-bearing minerals. Moreover, it explores the potential of KSB not only for K-solubilization but also to enhance bioavailability of phosphorus, nitrogen, and micronutrients, as well as its other beneficial impact on plant growth. Thus, in the context of sustainable agricultural production and global food security, utilization of KSB may facilitate plant nutrient availability, conserve natural resources, and reduce environmental impacts caused by chemical fertilizers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saba Babar
- Microelement Research Center, College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, PR China
| | - Amanullah Baloch
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, PR China
| | - Muhammad Qasim
- Microelement Research Center, College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, PR China.
| | - Jiyuan Wang
- Microelement Research Center, College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, PR China
| | - Xiangling Wang
- Microelement Research Center, College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, PR China
| | - Yuxuan Li
- Microelement Research Center, College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, PR China
| | - Sarmand Khalid
- Key Laboratory of Horticulture Plant Biology of Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture and Forestry Science, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, PR China.
| | - Cuncang Jiang
- Microelement Research Center, College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, PR China.
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2
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Faticov M, Amorim JH, Abdelfattah A, van Dijk LJA, Carvalho AC, Laforest-Lapointe I, Tack AJM. Local climate, air quality and leaf litter cover shape foliar fungal communities on an urban tree. AMBIO 2024; 53:1673-1685. [PMID: 38871928 PMCID: PMC11436615 DOI: 10.1007/s13280-024-02041-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Revised: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
Foliar fungi on urban trees are important for tree health, biodiversity and ecosystem functioning. Yet, we lack insights into how urbanization influences foliar fungal communities. We created detailed maps of Stockholm region's climate and air quality and characterized foliar fungi from mature oaks (Quercus robur) across climatic, air quality and local habitat gradients. Fungal richness was higher in locations with high growing season relative humidity, and fungal community composition was structured by growing season maximum temperature, NO2 concentration and leaf litter cover. The relative abundance of mycoparasites and endophytes increased with temperature. The relative abundance of pathogens was lowest with high concentrations of NO2 and particulate matter (PM2.5), while saprotrophs increased with leaf litter cover. Our findings show that urbanization influences foliar fungi, providing insights for developing management guidelines to promote tree health, prevent disease outbreaks and maintain biodiversity within urban landscapes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Faticov
- Department of Ecology, Environment and Plant Sciences, Stockholm University, Frescativägen 40, 114 18, Stockholm, Sweden.
- Département de Biologie, Université de Sherbrooke, 2500, boul. de l'Université, J1K 2R, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada.
| | - Jorge H Amorim
- Swedish Meteorological and Hydrological Institute (SMHI), Folkborgsvägen 17, Norrköping, Sweden
| | - Ahmed Abdelfattah
- Leibniz Institute for Agricultural Engineering and Bioeconomy (ATB), Max-Eyth-Allee 100, 14469, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Laura J A van Dijk
- Department of Ecology, Environment and Plant Sciences, Stockholm University, Frescativägen 40, 114 18, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ana Cristina Carvalho
- Swedish Meteorological and Hydrological Institute (SMHI), Folkborgsvägen 17, Norrköping, Sweden
| | - Isabelle Laforest-Lapointe
- Département de Biologie, Université de Sherbrooke, 2500, boul. de l'Université, J1K 2R, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
| | - Ayco J M Tack
- Department of Ecology, Environment and Plant Sciences, Stockholm University, Frescativägen 40, 114 18, Stockholm, Sweden
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Muthusamy Pandian T, Esakkimuthu R, Rangasamy A, Rengasamy K, Alagesan S, Devasahayam JSS. Exploring the Potential of Bacterial Endophytes in Plant Disease Management. Curr Microbiol 2024; 81:403. [PMID: 39394391 DOI: 10.1007/s00284-024-03918-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 09/22/2024] [Indexed: 10/13/2024]
Abstract
Endophytic bacteria live in the internal tissues of plants, forming symbiotic, mutualistic, commensalistic and trophobiotic relationships. Some are spread via seeds after sprouting from the rhizosphere or phyllosphere. These bacteria capable of promoting plant growth and impart biotic stress by synthesing plant growth hormones, ACC deaminase, organic acids and siderophore. Endophytes aid in phytoremediation by removing soil contaminants and boosting soil fertility via phosphate solubilization and nitrogen fixation. The endophytic microbes are becoming increasingly popular in biotechnological applications which supports sustainable growth of non-food crops for biomass and biofuel. They offer valuable natural materials which is used in medicine, agriculture and industry. Bacterial endophytes are endowed with the enormous potential in the biological treatment of plant pathogens and considered as the superior alternative to synthetic fungicides. The review emphasizes benefits of bacterial endophytes in promoting plant growth and prospects of agricultural applications viz., increasing crop yield under biotic stress condition and their mode of action towards plant diseases. It also summarises the diverse and vital role of endophytes in agroecosystems as well as insights for sustainable agriculture and crop resilience.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rajeswari Esakkimuthu
- Department of Plant Pathology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, 641003, India.
| | - Anandham Rangasamy
- Department of Agricultural Microbiology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, 641003, India
| | - Kannan Rengasamy
- Department of Plant Pathology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, 641003, India
| | - Subramanian Alagesan
- Department of Cotton, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, 641003, India
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Takahashi WY, Galvão CW, Cassán FD, Urrea-Valencia S, Stremel AC, Stets MI, Stroka Kremer MA, Jesus EDC, Etto RM. Tracking maize colonization and growth promotion by Azospirillum reveals strain-specific behavior and the influence of inoculation method. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2024; 215:108979. [PMID: 39094483 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2024.108979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2024] [Revised: 07/15/2024] [Accepted: 07/25/2024] [Indexed: 08/04/2024]
Abstract
Inoculation of Azospirillum in maize has become a standard practice in Latin America. However, information on the behavior and population survival of the Azospirillum post-inoculation is scarce, making standardization difficult and generating variations in inoculation efficiency across assays. In this study, we tracked the colonization of three agriculturally relevant Azospirillum strains (Ab-V5, Az39, and the ammonium excreting HM053) after different inoculation methods in maize crops by qPCR. Besides, we assessed their ability to promote maize growth by measuring biometric parameters after conducting a greenhouse essay over 42 days. Inoculated plants exhibited Azospirillum population ranging from 103 to 107 cells plant-1 throughout the experiment. While all strains efficiently colonized roots, only A. argentinense Az39 demonstrated bidirectional translocation between roots and shoots, which characterizes a systemic behavior. Optimal inoculation methods for plant growth promotion varied among strains: soil inoculation promoted the best maize growth for the Ab-V5 and Az39 strains, while seed inoculation proved most effective for HM053. The findings of this study demonstrate that the inoculation method affects the behavior of Azospirillum strains and their effectiveness in promoting maize growth, thereby guiding practices to enhance crop yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Willian Yuiti Takahashi
- Microbial Molecular Biology Laboratory (LABMOM), State University of Ponta Grossa (UEPG), Ponta Grossa, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Carolina Weigert Galvão
- Microbial Molecular Biology Laboratory (LABMOM), State University of Ponta Grossa (UEPG), Ponta Grossa, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Fabrício Dario Cassán
- Instituto de Investigaciones Agrobiotecnológicas (INIAB-CONICET), National University of Rio Cuarto (UNRC), Rio Cuarto, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Salomé Urrea-Valencia
- Microbial Molecular Biology Laboratory (LABMOM), State University of Ponta Grossa (UEPG), Ponta Grossa, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Anna Cecília Stremel
- Microbial Molecular Biology Laboratory (LABMOM), State University of Ponta Grossa (UEPG), Ponta Grossa, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Maria Isabel Stets
- Microbial Molecular Biology Laboratory (LABMOM), State University of Ponta Grossa (UEPG), Ponta Grossa, Paraná, Brazil
| | | | | | - Rafael Mazer Etto
- Microbial Molecular Biology Laboratory (LABMOM), State University of Ponta Grossa (UEPG), Ponta Grossa, Paraná, Brazil.
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Li L, Li B, Li Q, Wang L, Yang H. Root Endophytic Microorganisms Contribute to the Attribute of Full-Year Shooting in Woody Bamboo Cephalostachyum pingbianense. Microorganisms 2024; 12:1927. [PMID: 39338601 PMCID: PMC11434196 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms12091927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2024] [Revised: 09/18/2024] [Accepted: 09/19/2024] [Indexed: 09/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Cephalostachyum pingbianense (Hsueh & Y.M. Yang ex Yi et al.) D.Z. Li & H.Q. Yang is unique among bamboo species for its ability to produce bamboo shoots in all seasons under natural conditions. Apart from the physiological mechanism, information regarding the effects of endophytic microorganisms on this full-year shooting characteristic is limited. We hypothesize that root endophytic microorganisms will have a positive impact on the full-year bamboo shooting characteristic of C. pingbianense by increasing the availability or supply of nutrients. To identify the seasonal variations in the root endophytic bacterial and fungal communities of C. pingbianense, and to assess their correlation with bamboo shoot productivity, the roots of C. pingbianense were selected as research materials, and the 16S rRNA and ITS rDNA genes of root endophytic microorganisms were sequenced using the Illumina platform. Following this sequencing, raw sequencing reads were processed, and OTUs were annotated. Alpha and beta diversity, microbial composition, and functional predictions were analyzed, with correlations to bamboo shoot numbers assessed. The results showed that seasonal changes significantly affected the community diversity and structure of root endophytic microbes of C. pingbianense. Bacterial communities in root samples from all seasons contained more nitrogen-fixing microorganisms, with members of the Burkholderiales and Rhizobiales predominating. The relative abundances of ectomycorrhizal and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in the autumn sample were significantly higher than in other seasons. Correlation analysis revealed that the bamboo shoot productivity was significantly and positively correlated with bacterial functions of nitrogen fixation, arsenate detoxification, and ureolysis, as well as with symbiotrophic fungi, ectomycorrhizal fungi, and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. At the genus level, the bacterial genus Herbaspirillum and the fungal genera Russula, unclassified_f_Acaulosporaceae, and unclassified_f_Glomeraceae were found to have a significant positive correlation with bamboo shoot number. Our study provides an ecological perspective for understanding the highly productive attribute of C. pingbianense and offers new insights into the forest management of woody bamboos.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lushuang Li
- Key Laboratory of Forest Resources Conservation and Utilization in the Southwest Mountains of China, Ministry of Education, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China;
- Forestry College, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China
| | - Bin Li
- Horticultural Research Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming 650205, China;
| | - Qing Li
- Yunnan Forestry Double Center, Yunnan Forestry and Grassland Bureau, Kunming 650051, China;
| | - Lianchun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Forest Resources Conservation and Utilization in the Southwest Mountains of China, Ministry of Education, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China;
| | - Hanqi Yang
- Institute of Highland Forest Science, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Kunming 650233, China
- Key Laboratory of Breeding and Utilization of Resource Insects, National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Kunming 650233, China
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Muhammad M, Wahab A, Waheed A, Mohamed HI, Hakeem KR, Li L, Li WJ. Harnessing bacterial endophytes for environmental resilience and agricultural sustainability. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2024; 368:122201. [PMID: 39142107 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.122201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2024] [Revised: 08/01/2024] [Accepted: 08/10/2024] [Indexed: 08/16/2024]
Abstract
In the current era of environmental disasters and the necessity of sustainable development, bacterial endophytes have gotten attention for their role in improving agricultural productivity and ecological sustainability. This review explores the multifaceted contributions of bacterial endophytes to plant health and ecosystem sustainability. Bacterial endophytes are invaluable sources of bioactive compounds, promising breakthroughs in medicine and biotechnology. They also serve as natural biocontrol agents, reducing the need for synthetic fertilizers and fostering environmentally friendly agricultural practices. It provides eco-friendly solutions that align with the necessity of sustainability since they can improve pest management, increase crop resilience, and facilitate agricultural production. This review also underscores bacterial endophytes' contribution to promoting sustainable and green industrial productions. It also presented how incorporating these microorganisms into diverse industrial sectors can harmonize humankind with ecological stability. The potential of bacterial endophytes has been largely untapped, presenting an opportunity for pioneering advancements in sustainable industrial applications. Their importance caught attention as they provided innovative solutions to the challenging problems of the new era. This review sheds light on the remarkable potential of bacterial endophytes in various industrial sectors. Further research is imperative to discover their multifaceted potential. It will be essential to delve deeper into their mechanisms, broaden their uses, and examine their long-term impacts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Murad Muhammad
- State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Key Laboratory of Ecological Safety and Sustainable Development in Arid Lands, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, 830011, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China; Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Biodiversity Conservation and Application in Arid Lands, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China.
| | - Abdul Wahab
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China; Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Abdul Waheed
- State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Key Laboratory of Ecological Safety and Sustainable Development in Arid Lands, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, 830011, China; National Key Laboratory of Ecological Security and Resource Utilization in Arid Areas, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, 830011, China; Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Biodiversity Conservation and Application in Arid Lands, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China
| | - Heba Ibrahim Mohamed
- Biological and Geological Sciences Department, Faculty of Education, Ain Shams University, Cairo, 11341, Egypt
| | - Khalid Rehman Hakeem
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; Princess Dr. Najla Bint Saud Al-Saud Center for Excellence Research in Biotechnology, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia; Department of Public Health, Daffodil International University, Dhaka, 1341, Bangladesh; University Centre for Research & Development, Chandigarh University, Mohali, Punjab, 140413, India
| | - Li Li
- State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Key Laboratory of Ecological Safety and Sustainable Development in Arid Lands, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, 830011, China; Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Biodiversity Conservation and Application in Arid Lands, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China
| | - Wen-Jun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Key Laboratory of Ecological Safety and Sustainable Development in Arid Lands, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, 830011, China; State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources and Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China.
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Xu G, Li C, Gui W, Xu M, Lu J, Qian M, Zhang Y, Yang G. Colonization of Piriformospora indica enhances rice resistance against the brown planthopper Nilaparvata lugens. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2024; 80:4386-4398. [PMID: 38661024 DOI: 10.1002/ps.8146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2023] [Revised: 04/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Piriformospora indica is an endophytic fungus that can promote the growth and confer resistance against diverse stresses in host plants by root colonization. However, the effects of P. indica colonization on improving plant resistance to insect pests are still less explored. The brown planthopper (BPH) Nilaparvata lugens is a serious monophagous pest that causes extensive damage to rice plants. Here, we aimed to evaluate the effects of P. indica colonization on rice resistance against BPH. RESULTS The colonization of P. indica in rice roots resisted damage from BPH. Age-stage, two-sex life table analyses showed that feeding on P. indica-colonized rice plants affected BPH's female adult longevity, oviposition period, fecundity, population parameters and population size. BPH female adults feeding on P. indica-colonized plants excreted less honeydew. P. indica colonization remarkably increased the duration of np, N2, and N3 waveform, as well as the occurrences of N1 and N2, and decreased the duration of N4-b for BPH on rice plants. Meanwhile, the weight of BPH on the colonized plants was significantly lower than the control. In addition, the feeding and oviposition preferences of BPH to P. indica-colonized plants were reduced. qRT-RCR analyses revealed that P. indica colonization induced the expressions of jasmonic acid (JA)- and salicylic acid (SA)-related genes in rice plants. CONCLUSION P. indica colonization can reduce BPH performance on rice plants with potential inhibitory effects on population growth. Collectively, these results support the potential for endophytically colonized P. indica as an effective strategy to improve insect resistance of crops. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Xu
- College of Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Chutong Li
- College of Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Wei Gui
- College of Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Meiqi Xu
- College of Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Jing Lu
- College of Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Mingshi Qian
- College of Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Yuanyuan Zhang
- College of Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Guoqing Yang
- College of Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
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Kumari R, Pandey E, Bushra S, Faizan S, Pandey S. Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR) induced protection: A plant immunity perspective. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2024; 176:e14495. [PMID: 39247988 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.14495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2024] [Revised: 08/03/2024] [Accepted: 08/10/2024] [Indexed: 09/10/2024]
Abstract
Plant-environment interactions, particularly biotic stress, are increasingly essential for global food security due to crop losses in the dynamic environment. Therefore, understanding plant responses to biotic stress is vital to mitigate damage. Beneficial microorganisms and their association with plants can reduce the damage associated with plant pathogens. One such group is PGPR (Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria), which influences plant immunity significantly by interacting with biotic stress factors and plant signalling compounds. This review explores the types, metabolism, and mechanisms of action of PGPR, including their enzyme pathways and the signalling compounds secreted by PGPR that modulate gene and protein expression during plant defence. Furthermore, the review will delve into the crosstalk between PGPR and other plant growth regulators and signalling compounds, elucidating the physiological, biochemical, and molecular insights into PGPR's impact on plants under multiple biotic stresses, including interactions with fungi, bacteria, and viruses. Overall, the review comprehensively adds to our knowledge about PGPR's role in plant immunity and its application for agricultural resilience and food security.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rinkee Kumari
- Environmental Physiology Laboratory, Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, (U.P.), India
| | - Ekta Pandey
- Environmental Physiology Laboratory, Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, (U.P.), India
| | - Sayyada Bushra
- Environmental Physiology Laboratory, Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, (U.P.), India
| | - Shahla Faizan
- Environmental Physiology Laboratory, Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, (U.P.), India
| | - Saurabh Pandey
- Department of Agriculture, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, India
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Manathunga KK, Gunasekara NW, Meegahakumbura MK, Ratnaweera PB, Faraj TK, Wanasinghe DN. Exploring Endophytic Fungi as Natural Antagonists against Fungal Pathogens of Food Crops. J Fungi (Basel) 2024; 10:606. [PMID: 39330366 PMCID: PMC11433156 DOI: 10.3390/jof10090606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2024] [Revised: 08/17/2024] [Accepted: 08/21/2024] [Indexed: 09/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The yield and quality of cultivated food crops are frequently compromised by the prevalent threat from fungal pathogens that can cause widespread damage in both the pre-harvest and post-harvest stages. This paper investigates the challenges posed by fungal pathogens to the sustainability and yield of essential food crops, leading to significant economic and food security repercussions. The paper critiques the long-standing reliance on synthetic fungicides, emphasizing the environmental and health concerns arising from their widespread and occasionally inappropriate use. In response, the paper explores the potential of biological control agents, specifically endophytic fungi in advancing sustainable agricultural practices. Through their diverse symbiotic relationships with host plants, these fungi exhibit strong antagonistic capabilities against phytopathogenic fungi by producing various bioactive compounds and promoting plant growth. The review elaborates on the direct and indirect mechanisms of endophytic antagonism, such as antibiosis, mycoparasitism, induction of host resistance, and competition for resources, which collectively contribute to inhibiting pathogenic fungal growth. This paper consolidates the crucial role of endophytic fungi, i.e., Acremonium, Alternaria, Arthrinium, Aspergillus, Botryosphaeria, Chaetomium, Cladosporium, Cevidencealdinia, Epicoccum, Fusarium, Gliocladium, Muscodor, Nigrospora, Paecilomyces, Penicillium, Phomopsis, Pichia, Pochonia, Pythium, Ramichloridium, Rosellinia, Talaromyces, Trichoderma, Verticillium, Wickerhamomyces, and Xylaria, in biological control, supported by the evidence drawn from more than 200 research publications. The paper pays particular attention to Muscodor, Penicillium, and Trichoderma as prominent antagonists. It also emphasizes the need for future genetic-level research to enhance the application of endophytes in biocontrol strategies aiming to highlight the importance of endophytic fungi in facilitating the transition towards more sustainable and environmentally friendly agricultural systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kumudu K. Manathunga
- Department of Science and Technology, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Uva Wellassa University, Badulla 90000, Sri Lanka; (K.K.M.); (P.B.R.)
| | - Niranjan W. Gunasekara
- Department of Export Agriculture, Faculty of Animal Science and Export Agriculture, Uva Wellassa University, Badulla 90000, Sri Lanka;
| | - Muditha K. Meegahakumbura
- Department of Export Agriculture, Faculty of Animal Science and Export Agriculture, Uva Wellassa University, Badulla 90000, Sri Lanka;
| | - Pamoda B. Ratnaweera
- Department of Science and Technology, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Uva Wellassa University, Badulla 90000, Sri Lanka; (K.K.M.); (P.B.R.)
| | - Turki Kh. Faraj
- Department of Soil Science, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 145111, Riyadh 11362, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Dhanushka N. Wanasinghe
- Department of Soil Science, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 145111, Riyadh 11362, Saudi Arabia;
- Honghe Center for Mountain Futures, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Honghe 654400, China
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Zhang Q, Li R, Lin Y, Zhao W, Lin Q, Ouyang L, Pang S, Zeng H. Dynamics of Physiological Properties and Endophytic Fungal Communities in the Xylem of Aquilaria sinensis (Lour.) with Different Induction Times. J Fungi (Basel) 2024; 10:562. [PMID: 39194888 DOI: 10.3390/jof10080562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2024] [Revised: 08/02/2024] [Accepted: 08/03/2024] [Indexed: 08/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Xylem-associated fungus can secrete many secondary metabolites to help Aquilaria trees resist various stresses and play a crucial role in facilitating agarwood formation. However, the dynamics of endophytic fungi in Aquilaria sinensis xylem after artificial induction have not been fully elaborated. Endophytic fungi communities and xylem physio-biochemical properties were examined before and after induction with an inorganic salt solution, including four different times (pre-induction (0M), the third (3M), sixth (6M) and ninth (9M) month after induction treatment). The relationships between fungal diversity and physio-biochemical indices were evaluated. The results showed that superoxide dismutase (SOD) and peroxidase (POD) activities, malondialdehyde (MDA) and soluble sugar content first increased and then decreased with induction time, while starch was heavily consumed after induction treatment. Endophytic fungal diversity was significantly lower after induction treatment than before, but the species richness was promoted. Fungal β-diversity was also clustered into four groups according to different times. Core species shifted from rare to dominant taxa with induction time, and growing species interactions in the network indicate a gradual complication of fungal community structure. Endophytic fungi diversity and potential functions were closely related to physicochemical indices that had less effect on the relative abundance of the dominant species. These findings help assess the regulatory mechanisms of microorganisms that expedite agarwood formation after artificial induction.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rongrong Li
- Fujian Academy of Forestry, Fuzhou 350012, China
| | - Yang Lin
- School of Design, Fujian University of Technology, Fuzhou 350001, China
| | - Weiwei Zhao
- College of Forestry, Central South University of Forestry & Technology, Changsha 410004, China
| | - Qiang Lin
- Fujian Academy of Forestry, Fuzhou 350012, China
| | - Lei Ouyang
- Fujian Academy of Forestry, Fuzhou 350012, China
| | - Shengjiang Pang
- Experimental Center of Tropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Pingxiang 536000, China
| | - Huahao Zeng
- Fujian Academy of Forestry, Fuzhou 350012, China
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11
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Shelake RM, Wagh SG, Patil AM, Červený J, Waghunde RR, Kim JY. Heat Stress and Plant-Biotic Interactions: Advances and Perspectives. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:2022. [PMID: 39124140 PMCID: PMC11313874 DOI: 10.3390/plants13152022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2024] [Revised: 07/11/2024] [Accepted: 07/22/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024]
Abstract
Climate change presents numerous challenges for agriculture, including frequent events of plant abiotic stresses such as elevated temperatures that lead to heat stress (HS). As the primary driving factor of climate change, HS threatens global food security and biodiversity. In recent years, HS events have negatively impacted plant physiology, reducing plant's ability to maintain disease resistance and resulting in lower crop yields. Plants must adapt their priorities toward defense mechanisms to tolerate stress in challenging environments. Furthermore, selective breeding and long-term domestication for higher yields have made crop varieties vulnerable to multiple stressors, making them more susceptible to frequent HS events. Studies on climate change predict that concurrent HS and biotic stresses will become more frequent and severe in the future, potentially occurring simultaneously or sequentially. While most studies have focused on singular stress effects on plant systems to examine how plants respond to specific stresses, the simultaneous occurrence of HS and biotic stresses pose a growing threat to agricultural productivity. Few studies have explored the interactions between HS and plant-biotic interactions. Here, we aim to shed light on the physiological and molecular effects of HS and biotic factor interactions (bacteria, fungi, oomycetes, nematodes, insect pests, pollinators, weedy species, and parasitic plants), as well as their combined impact on crop growth and yields. We also examine recent advances in designing and developing various strategies to address multi-stress scenarios related to HS and biotic factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahul Mahadev Shelake
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Four Program), Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Research Center, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Sopan Ganpatrao Wagh
- Global Change Research Institute, Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno 60300, Czech Republic;
| | - Akshay Milind Patil
- Cotton Improvement Project, Mahatma Phule Krishi Vidyapeeth (MPKV), Rahuri 413722, India;
| | - Jan Červený
- Global Change Research Institute, Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno 60300, Czech Republic;
| | - Rajesh Ramdas Waghunde
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Agriculture, Navsari Agricultural University, Bharuch 392012, India;
| | - Jae-Yean Kim
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Four Program), Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Research Center, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea
- Division of Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea
- Nulla Bio Inc., Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea
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12
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Verma N, Kaushal P, Sidhu AK. Harnessing biological synthesis: Zinc oxide nanoparticles for plant biotic stress management. Front Chem 2024; 12:1432469. [PMID: 39055042 PMCID: PMC11269107 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2024.1432469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2024] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Crop growth and yield are negatively impacted by increased biotic stress in the agricultural sector due to increasing global warming and changing climatic patterns. The host plant's machinery is exploited by biotic stress, which is caused by organisms like bacteria, fungi, viruses, insects, nematodes, and mites. This results in nutrient deprivation, increased reactive oxygen species and disturbances in physiological, morphological, and molecular processes. Although used widely, conventional disease management strategies like breeding, intercropping, and chemical fertilizers have drawbacks in terms of time commitment and environmental impact. An environmentally beneficial substitute is offered by the developing field of nanotechnology, where nanoparticles such as zinc oxide are gaining popularity due to their potential applications as antimicrobials and nano-fertilizers. This review delves into the biological synthesis of ZnO nanoparticles employing plants and microbes, function of ZnO nanoparticles in biotic stress mitigation, elucidating their effectiveness and toxicological implications in agricultural. This study supports a cautious approach, stressing the prudent application of ZnO nanoparticles to avoid possible toxicity, in line with the larger global agenda to end hunger, guarantee food security, and advance sustainable agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naveen Verma
- Department of Biotechnology, Khalsa College, Amritsar, India
| | - Priya Kaushal
- Department of Biotechnology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, India
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13
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Morales-Vargas AT, López-Ramírez V, Álvarez-Mejía C, Vázquez-Martínez J. Endophytic Fungi for Crops Adaptation to Abiotic Stresses. Microorganisms 2024; 12:1357. [PMID: 39065124 PMCID: PMC11279104 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms12071357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Revised: 05/21/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Endophytic fungi (EFs) have emerged as promising modulators of plant growth and stress tolerance in agricultural ecosystems. This review synthesizes the current knowledge on the role of EFs in enhancing the adaptation of crops to abiotic stress. Abiotic stresses, such as drought, salinity, and extreme temperatures, pose significant challenges to crop productivity worldwide. EFs have shown remarkable potential in alleviating the adverse effects of these stresses. Through various mechanisms, including the synthesis of osmolytes, the production of stress-related enzymes, and the induction of plant defense mechanisms, EFs enhance plant resilience to abiotic stressors. Moreover, EFs promote nutrient uptake and modulate the hormonal balance in plants, further enhancing the stress tolerance of the plants. Recent advancements in molecular techniques have facilitated the identification and characterization of stress-tolerant EF strains, paving the way for their utilization in agricultural practices. Furthermore, the symbiotic relationship between EFs and plants offers ecological benefits, such as improved soil health and a reduced dependence on chemical inputs. However, challenges remain in understanding the complex interactions between EFs and host plants, as well as in scaling up their application in diverse agricultural systems. Future research should focus on elucidating the mechanisms underlying endophytic-fungal-mediated stress tolerance and developing sustainable strategies for harnessing their potential in crop production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adan Topiltzin Morales-Vargas
- Programa de Ingeniería en Biotecnología, Campus Celaya-Salvatierra, Universidad de Guanajuato, Mutualismo #303, Col. La Suiza, Celaya 36060, Mexico
| | - Varinia López-Ramírez
- Departamento de Ingeniería Bioquímica, TecNM/ITS Irapuato, Silao-Irapuato km 12.5, El Copal, Irapuato 36821, Mexico
| | - Cesar Álvarez-Mejía
- Coordinación de Ingeniería Ambiental, TecNM/ITS Abasolo, Cuitzeo de los Naranjos #401, Col. Cuitzeo de los Naranjos, Abasolo 36976, Mexico
| | - Juan Vázquez-Martínez
- Departamento de Ingeniería Química, TecNM/ITS Irapuato, Silao-Irapuato km 12.5, El Copal, Irapuato 36821, Mexico
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14
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Su Y, Ngea GLN, Wang K, Lu Y, Godana EA, Ackah M, Yang Q, Zhang H. Deciphering the mechanism of E3 ubiquitin ligases in plant responses to abiotic and biotic stresses and perspectives on PROTACs for crop resistance. PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL 2024. [PMID: 38864414 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.14407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Revised: 05/12/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024]
Abstract
With global climate change, it is essential to find strategies to make crops more resistant to different stresses and guarantee food security worldwide. E3 ubiquitin ligases are critical regulatory elements that are gaining importance due to their role in selecting proteins for degradation in the ubiquitin-proteasome proteolysis pathway. The role of E3 Ub ligases has been demonstrated in numerous cellular processes in plants responding to biotic and abiotic stresses. E3 Ub ligases are considered a class of proteins that are difficult to control by conventional inhibitors, as they lack a standard active site with pocket, and their biological activity is mainly due to protein-protein interactions with transient conformational changes. Proteolysis-targeted chimeras (PROTACs) are a new class of heterobifunctional molecules that have emerged in recent years as relevant alternatives for incurable human diseases like cancer because they can target recalcitrant proteins for destruction. PROTACs interact with the ubiquitin-proteasome system, principally the E3 Ub ligase in the cell, and facilitate proteasome turnover of the proteins of interest. PROTAC strategies harness the essential functions of E3 Ub ligases for proteasomal degradation of proteins involved in dysfunction. This review examines critical advances in E3 Ub ligase research in plant responses to biotic and abiotic stresses. It highlights how PROTACs can be applied to target proteins involved in plant stress response to mitigate pathogenic agents and environmental adversities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Su
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Guillaume Legrand Ngolong Ngea
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
- Institute of Fisheries Sciences, University of Douala, Douala, Cameroon
| | - Kaili Wang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Yuchun Lu
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Esa Abiso Godana
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Michael Ackah
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Qiya Yang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Hongyin Zhang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
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15
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Ghani MI, Yi B, Rehmani MS, Wei X, Siddiqui JA, Fan R, Liu Y, El-Sheikh MA, Chen X, Ahmad P. Potential of melatonin and Trichoderma harzianum inoculation in ameliorating salt toxicity in watermelon: Insights into antioxidant system, leaf ultrastructure, and gene regulation. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2024; 211:108639. [PMID: 38688113 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2024.108639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2023] [Revised: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
Melatonin (MT) is an extensively studied biomolecule with dual functions, serving as an antioxidant and a signaling molecule. Trichoderma Harzianum (TH) is widely recognized for its effectiveness as a biocontrol agent against many plant pathogens. However, the interplay between seed priming and MT (150 μm) in response to NaCl (100 mM) and its interaction with TH have rarely been investigated. This study aimed to evaluate the potential of MT and TH, alone and in combination, to mitigate salt stress (SS) in watermelon plants. The findings of this study revealed a significant decline in the morphological, physiological, and biochemical indices of watermelon seedlings exposed to SS. However, MT and TH treatments reduced the negative impact of salt stress. The combined application of MT and TH exerted a remarkable positive effect by increasing the growth, photosynthetic and gas exchange parameters, chlorophyll fluorescence indices, and ion balance (decreasing Na+ and enhancing K+). MT and TH effectively alleviated oxidative injury by inhibiting hydrogen peroxide formation in saline and non-saline environments, as established by reduced lipid peroxidation and electrolyte leakage. Moreover, oxidative injury induced by SS on the cells was significantly mitigated by regulation of the antioxidant system, AsA-GSH-related enzymes, the glyoxalase system, augmentation of osmolytes, and activation of several genes involved in the defense system. Additionally, the reduction in oxidative damage was examined by chloroplast integrity via transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Overall, the results of this study provide a promising contribution of MT and TH in safeguarding the watermelon crop from oxidative damage induced by salt stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Imran Ghani
- College of Agriculture/College of Life Sciences, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China; Key Laboratory of Karst Georesources and Environment, Ministry of Education, College of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China; Guizhou-Europe Environmental Biotechnology and Agricultural Informatics Oversea Innovation Center in Guizhou University, Guizhou Provincial Science and Technology Department, Guiyang, 550025, China; International Jointed Institute of Plant Microbial Ecology and Resource Management in Guizhou University, Ministry of Agriculture, China & China Association of Agricultural Science Societies, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Benlin Yi
- College of Agriculture/College of Life Sciences, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China; Guizhou-Europe Environmental Biotechnology and Agricultural Informatics Oversea Innovation Center in Guizhou University, Guizhou Provincial Science and Technology Department, Guiyang, 550025, China; International Jointed Institute of Plant Microbial Ecology and Resource Management in Guizhou University, Ministry of Agriculture, China & China Association of Agricultural Science Societies, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Muhammad Saad Rehmani
- College of Agriculture/College of Life Sciences, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Xi Wei
- College of Agriculture/College of Life Sciences, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China; Guizhou-Europe Environmental Biotechnology and Agricultural Informatics Oversea Innovation Center in Guizhou University, Guizhou Provincial Science and Technology Department, Guiyang, 550025, China; International Jointed Institute of Plant Microbial Ecology and Resource Management in Guizhou University, Ministry of Agriculture, China & China Association of Agricultural Science Societies, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Junaid Ali Siddiqui
- College of Agriculture/College of Life Sciences, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China; Guizhou-Europe Environmental Biotechnology and Agricultural Informatics Oversea Innovation Center in Guizhou University, Guizhou Provincial Science and Technology Department, Guiyang, 550025, China; International Jointed Institute of Plant Microbial Ecology and Resource Management in Guizhou University, Ministry of Agriculture, China & China Association of Agricultural Science Societies, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Ruidong Fan
- College of Agriculture/College of Life Sciences, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China; Guizhou-Europe Environmental Biotechnology and Agricultural Informatics Oversea Innovation Center in Guizhou University, Guizhou Provincial Science and Technology Department, Guiyang, 550025, China; International Jointed Institute of Plant Microbial Ecology and Resource Management in Guizhou University, Ministry of Agriculture, China & China Association of Agricultural Science Societies, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Yanjiang Liu
- College of Ecology and Environment, Tibet University, Lhasa 850000, China
| | - Mohamed A El-Sheikh
- Botany and Microbiology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh-11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Xiaoyulong Chen
- College of Agriculture/College of Life Sciences, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China; Key Laboratory of Karst Georesources and Environment, Ministry of Education, College of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China; Guizhou-Europe Environmental Biotechnology and Agricultural Informatics Oversea Innovation Center in Guizhou University, Guizhou Provincial Science and Technology Department, Guiyang, 550025, China; International Jointed Institute of Plant Microbial Ecology and Resource Management in Guizhou University, Ministry of Agriculture, China & China Association of Agricultural Science Societies, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China; College of Ecology and Environment, Tibet University, Lhasa 850000, China.
| | - Parvaiz Ahmad
- Department of Botany, GDC-Pulwama-192301, Jammu and Kashmir, India.
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16
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Kumari A, Gupta AK, Sharma S, Jadon VS, Sharma V, Chun SC, Sivanesan I. Nanoparticles as a Tool for Alleviating Plant Stress: Mechanisms, Implications, and Challenges. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:1528. [PMID: 38891334 PMCID: PMC11174413 DOI: 10.3390/plants13111528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2024] [Revised: 05/27/2024] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
Plants, being sessile, are continuously exposed to varietal environmental stressors, which consequently induce various bio-physiological changes in plants that hinder their growth and development. Oxidative stress is one of the undesirable consequences in plants triggered due to imbalance in their antioxidant defense system. Biochemical studies suggest that nanoparticles are known to affect the antioxidant system, photosynthesis, and DNA expression in plants. In addition, they are known to boost the capacity of antioxidant systems, thereby contributing to the tolerance of plants to oxidative stress. This review study attempts to present the overview of the role of nanoparticles in plant growth and development, especially emphasizing their role as antioxidants. Furthermore, the review delves into the intricate connections between nanoparticles and plant signaling pathways, highlighting their influence on gene expression and stress-responsive mechanisms. Finally, the implications of nanoparticle-assisted antioxidant strategies in sustainable agriculture, considering their potential to enhance crop yield, stress tolerance, and overall plant resilience, are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankita Kumari
- Molecular Biology and Genetic Engineering Domain, School of Bioengineering and Bioscience, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara-Jalandhar 144411, Punjab, India; (A.K.); (S.S.); (V.S.)
| | - Ashish Kumar Gupta
- ICAR—National Institute for Plant Biotechnology, Pusa Campus, New Delhi 110012, India;
| | - Shivika Sharma
- Molecular Biology and Genetic Engineering Domain, School of Bioengineering and Bioscience, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara-Jalandhar 144411, Punjab, India; (A.K.); (S.S.); (V.S.)
| | - Vikash S. Jadon
- School of Biosciences, Swami Rama Himalayan University, JollyGrant, Dehradun 248016, Uttarakhand, India;
| | - Vikas Sharma
- Molecular Biology and Genetic Engineering Domain, School of Bioengineering and Bioscience, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara-Jalandhar 144411, Punjab, India; (A.K.); (S.S.); (V.S.)
| | - Se Chul Chun
- Department of Environmental Health Science, Institute of Natural Science and Agriculture, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea;
| | - Iyyakkannu Sivanesan
- Department of Environmental Health Science, Institute of Natural Science and Agriculture, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea;
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17
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Hnamte L, Vanlallawmzuali, Kumar A, Yadav MK, Zothanpuia, Singh PK. An updated view of bacterial endophytes as antimicrobial agents against plant and human pathogens. CURRENT RESEARCH IN MICROBIAL SCIENCES 2024; 7:100241. [PMID: 39091295 PMCID: PMC11292266 DOI: 10.1016/j.crmicr.2024.100241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Bacterial endophytes are a crucial component of the phytomicrobiome, playing an essential role in agriculture and industries. Endophytes are a rich source of bioactive compounds, serving as natural antibiotics that can be effective in combating antibiotic resistance in pathogens. These bacteria interact with host plants through various processes such as quorum sensing, chemotaxis, antibiosis, and enzymatic activity. The current paper focuses on how plants benefit extensively from endophytic bacteria and their symbiotic relationship in which the microbes enhance plant growth, nitrogen fixation, increase nutrient uptake, improve defense mechanisms, and act as antimicrobial agents against pathogens. Moreover, it highlights some of the bioactive compounds produced by endophytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lalhmangaihmawia Hnamte
- Department of Biotechnology/Life Sciences, Pachhunga University College (A Constituent College of Mizoram University), Aizawl-796001, Mizoram, India
| | - Vanlallawmzuali
- Department of Biotechnology/Life Sciences, Pachhunga University College (A Constituent College of Mizoram University), Aizawl-796001, Mizoram, India
| | - Ajay Kumar
- Amity institute of Biotechnology, Amity University, Noida-201313, India
| | - Mukesh Kumar Yadav
- Department of Microbiology, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, Punjab, India
| | - Zothanpuia
- Department of Biotechnology/Life Sciences, Pachhunga University College (A Constituent College of Mizoram University), Aizawl-796001, Mizoram, India
| | - Prashant Kumar Singh
- Department of Biotechnology/Life Sciences, Pachhunga University College (A Constituent College of Mizoram University), Aizawl-796001, Mizoram, India
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18
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Sena L, Mica E, Valè G, Vaccino P, Pecchioni N. Exploring the potential of endophyte-plant interactions for improving crop sustainable yields in a changing climate. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 15:1349401. [PMID: 38571718 PMCID: PMC10988515 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1349401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
Climate change poses a major threat to global food security, significantly reducing crop yields as cause of abiotic stresses, and for boosting the spread of new and old pathogens and pests. Sustainable crop management as a route to mitigation poses the challenge of recruiting an array of solutions and tools for the new aims. Among these, the deployment of positive interactions between the micro-biotic components of agroecosystems and plants can play a highly significant role, as part of the agro-ecological revolution. Endophytic microorganisms have emerged as a promising solution to tackle this challenge. Among these, Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi (AMF) and endophytic bacteria and fungi have demonstrated their potential to alleviate abiotic stresses such as drought and heat stress, as well as the impacts of biotic stresses. They can enhance crop yields in a sustainable way also by other mechanisms, such as improving the nutrient uptake, or by direct effects on plant physiology. In this review we summarize and update on the main types of endophytes, we highlight several studies that demonstrate their efficacy in improving sustainable yields and explore possible avenues for implementing crop-microbiota interactions. The mechanisms underlying these interactions are highly complex and require a comprehensive understanding. For this reason, omic technologies such as genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics have been employed to unravel, by a higher level of information, the complex network of interactions between plants and microorganisms. Therefore, we also discuss the various omic approaches and techniques that have been used so far to study plant-endophyte interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorenzo Sena
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita, Sede Agraria, UNIMORE - Università di Modena e Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
- Centro di Ricerca Cerealicoltura e Colture Industriali, CREA – Consiglio per la Ricerca in Agricoltura e l’Analisi dell’Economia Agraria, Vercelli, Italy
| | - Erica Mica
- Dipartimento per lo Sviluppo Sostenibile e la Transizione Ecologica, UPO – Università del Piemonte Orientale, Complesso San Giuseppe, Vercelli, Italy
| | - Giampiero Valè
- Dipartimento per lo Sviluppo Sostenibile e la Transizione Ecologica, UPO – Università del Piemonte Orientale, Complesso San Giuseppe, Vercelli, Italy
| | - Patrizia Vaccino
- Centro di Ricerca Cerealicoltura e Colture Industriali, CREA – Consiglio per la Ricerca in Agricoltura e l’Analisi dell’Economia Agraria, Vercelli, Italy
| | - Nicola Pecchioni
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita, Sede Agraria, UNIMORE - Università di Modena e Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
- Centro di Ricerca Cerealicoltura e Colture Industriali, CREA – Consiglio per la Ricerca in Agricoltura e l’Analisi dell’Economia Agraria, Vercelli, Italy
- Centro di Ricerca Cerealicoltura e Colture Industriali, CREA – Consiglio per la Ricerca in Agricoltura e l’Analisi dell’Economia Agraria, Foggia, Italy
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19
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Zabalgogeazcoa I, Arellano JB, Mellado-Ortega E, Barro F, Martínez-Castilla A, González-Blanco V, Vázquez de Aldana BR. Symbiotic fungi from a wild grass ( Celtica gigantea) increase the growth, grain yield and quality of tritordeum under field conditions. AOB PLANTS 2024; 16:plae013. [PMID: 38601215 PMCID: PMC11005784 DOI: 10.1093/aobpla/plae013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
Plants function in symbiosis with numerous microorganisms, which might contribute to their adaptation and performance. In this study, we tested whether fungal strains in symbiotic interaction with roots of Celtica gigantea, a wild grass adapted to nutrient-poor soils in semiarid habitats, could improve the field performance of the agricultural cereal tritordeum (Triticum durum × Hordeum chilense). Seedlings of tritordeum were inoculated with 12 different fungal strains isolated from roots of Celtica gigantea that were first proved to promote the growth of tritordeum plants under greenhouse conditions. The inoculated seedlings were transplanted to field plots at two locations belonging to different climatic zones in terms of mean temperatures and precipitation in the Iberian Peninsula. Only one strain, Diaporthe iberica T6, had a significant effect on plant height, number of tillers and grain yield in one location. This result showed a substantial divergence between the results of greenhouse and field tests. In terms of grain nutritional quality, several parameters were differentially affected at both locations: Diaporthe T6, Pleosporales T7, Zygomycota T29 and Zygomycota T80 increased the content of total carotenoids, mainly lutein, in the colder location; whereas gluten proteins increased with several treatments in the warmer location. In conclusion, early inoculation of tritordeum plants with fungal symbionts had substantial beneficial effects on subsequent plant growth and development in the field. Regarding grain nutritional quality, the effect of inoculation was affected by the agroclimatic differences between both field locations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iñigo Zabalgogeazcoa
- Unit of Plant-Microorganism Interactions, Institute of Natural Resources and Agrobiology of Salamanca, Spanish National Research Council (IRNASA-CSIC), Cordel de Merinas 40-52, 37008 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Juan B Arellano
- Unit of Plant-Microorganism Interactions, Institute of Natural Resources and Agrobiology of Salamanca, Spanish National Research Council (IRNASA-CSIC), Cordel de Merinas 40-52, 37008 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Elena Mellado-Ortega
- Unit of Plant-Microorganism Interactions, Institute of Natural Resources and Agrobiology of Salamanca, Spanish National Research Council (IRNASA-CSIC), Cordel de Merinas 40-52, 37008 Salamanca, Spain
- Department of Biology, Duke University, 130 Science Dr, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Francisco Barro
- Department of Plant Biotechnology, Institute for Sustainable Agriculture, Spanish National Research Council (IAS-CSIC), Avenida Menéndez Pidal s/n, Campus Alameda del Obispo, 14004 Córdoba, Spain
| | - Ana Martínez-Castilla
- Department of Plant Biotechnology, Institute for Sustainable Agriculture, Spanish National Research Council (IAS-CSIC), Avenida Menéndez Pidal s/n, Campus Alameda del Obispo, 14004 Córdoba, Spain
| | - Virginia González-Blanco
- Unit of Plant-Microorganism Interactions, Institute of Natural Resources and Agrobiology of Salamanca, Spanish National Research Council (IRNASA-CSIC), Cordel de Merinas 40-52, 37008 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Beatriz R Vázquez de Aldana
- Unit of Plant-Microorganism Interactions, Institute of Natural Resources and Agrobiology of Salamanca, Spanish National Research Council (IRNASA-CSIC), Cordel de Merinas 40-52, 37008 Salamanca, Spain
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20
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Gowtham HG, Hema P, Murali M, Shilpa N, Nataraj K, Basavaraj GL, Singh SB, Aiyaz M, Udayashankar AC, Amruthesh KN. Fungal Endophytes as Mitigators against Biotic and Abiotic Stresses in Crop Plants. J Fungi (Basel) 2024; 10:116. [PMID: 38392787 PMCID: PMC10890593 DOI: 10.3390/jof10020116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
The escalating global food demand driven by a gradually expanding human population necessitates strategies to improve agricultural productivity favorably and mitigate crop yield loss caused by various stressors (biotic and abiotic). Biotic stresses are caused by phytopathogens, pests, and nematodes, along with abiotic stresses like salt, heat, drought, and heavy metals, which pose serious risks to food security and agricultural productivity. Presently, the traditional methods relying on synthetic chemicals have led to ecological damage through unintended impacts on non-target organisms and the emergence of microbes that are resistant to them. Therefore, addressing these challenges is essential for economic, environmental, and public health concerns. The present review supports sustainable alternatives, emphasizing the possible application of fungal endophytes as innovative and eco-friendly tools in plant stress management. Fungal endophytes demonstrate capabilities for managing plants against biotic and abiotic stresses via the direct or indirect enhancement of plants' innate immunity. Moreover, they contribute to elevated photosynthesis rates, stimulate plant growth, facilitate nutrient mineralization, and produce bioactive compounds, hormones, and enzymes, ultimately improving overall productivity and plant stress resistance. In conclusion, harnessing the potentiality of fungal endophytes represents a promising approach toward the sustainability of agricultural practices, offering effective alternative solutions to reduce reliance on chemical treatments and address the challenges posed by biotic and abiotic stresses. This approach ensures long-term food security and promotes environmental health and economic viability in agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- H G Gowtham
- Department of Studies and Research in Food Science and Nutrition, KSOU, Mysuru 570006, Karnataka, India
| | - P Hema
- Department of Studies in Botany, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, Mysuru 570006, Karnataka, India
| | - Mahadevamurthy Murali
- Department of Studies in Botany, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, Mysuru 570006, Karnataka, India
| | - N Shilpa
- Department of Studies in Microbiology, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, Mysuru 570006, Karnataka, India
| | - K Nataraj
- Department of Studies in Botany, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, Mysuru 570006, Karnataka, India
- PG Department of Botany, Maharani's Science College for Women, JLB Road, Mysuru 570005, Karnataka, India
| | - G L Basavaraj
- PG Department of Botany, Maharani's Science College for Women, JLB Road, Mysuru 570005, Karnataka, India
| | - Sudarshana Brijesh Singh
- Department of Studies in Botany, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, Mysuru 570006, Karnataka, India
| | - Mohammed Aiyaz
- Department of Studies in Biotechnology, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, Mysuru 570006, Karnataka, India
| | - A C Udayashankar
- Department of Studies in Biotechnology, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, Mysuru 570006, Karnataka, India
| | - Kestur Nagaraj Amruthesh
- Department of Studies in Botany, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, Mysuru 570006, Karnataka, India
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Pal J, Sharma SK, Sharma A. Disease suppression, growth promotion and colonization attributes of resident endophytic bacteria against white root rot (Dematophora necatrix Hartig) of apple. Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek 2024; 117:15. [PMID: 38170259 DOI: 10.1007/s10482-023-01913-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
The inherent potential of apple plants was investigated to explore bacterial endophytes and their role in suppressing Dematophora necatrix, the causative pathogen of white root rot disease. Resultantly 34 endophytic bacteria isolated from healthy apple plants, and subsequently 6 most efficient isolates viz., Bacillus megaterium strain EA3, Enterobacter sp. strain EA7, Bacillus megaterium strain EK2, Stenotrophomonas maltophilia strain EK6, Acinetobacter nosocomialis strain ES2 and Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain ES8 depicting anti-pathogen interactions through preliminary screening were assessed further under in vitro, glasshouse and field conditions against white root rot pathogen/disease. Maximum mycelial growth inhibition (80.37%) was obtained with S. maltophilia strain EK6 encouraging for its seed treatment and soil application thereby providing significant effective control (87.91%) of white root rot under glasshouse conditions to other five bacterial endophytes evaluated simultaneously, followed by field efficacy of 83.70%. In addition, it has significantly enhanced the growth parameters of apple trees under both glasshouse and field conditions. The inoculated healthy plants were assessed for endophytic colonization which revealed maximum endosphere colonialism by S. maltophilia strain EK6. Additionally, confocal microscopic images of transverse sections of root cells colonized by bacterial endophytes as compared to untreated control implied their persistence and establishment in endosphere of apple seedlings. The study provides the first report on interaction between apple associated bacterial root endophytes and D. necatrix. The obtained endophytic strains could be employed as alternative for mitigating white root rot disease in future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joginder Pal
- Department of Plant Pathology, CSK Himachal Pradesh Krishi Vishvavidyalaya Palampur, Palampur, Himachal Pradesh, 176062, India.
| | - Satish K Sharma
- Department of Plant Pathology, Dr. Y.S. Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Nauni, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, 173230, India
| | - Anju Sharma
- Department of Basic Sciences, Dr. Y.S. Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Nauni, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, 173230, India
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22
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Zahra ST, Tariq M, Abdullah M, Zafar M, Yasmeen T, Shahid MS, Zaki HEM, Ali A. Probing the potential of salinity-tolerant endophytic bacteria to improve the growth of mungbean [ Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek]. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1149004. [PMID: 38111636 PMCID: PMC10725929 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1149004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Soil salinity is one of the major limiting factors in plant growth regulation. Salinity-tolerant endophytic bacteria (STEB) can be used to alleviate the negative effects of salinity and promote plant growth. In this study, thirteen endophytic bacteria were isolated from mungbean roots and tested for NaCl salt-tolerance up to 4%. Six bacterial isolates, TMB2, TMB3, TMB5, TMB6, TMB7 and TMB9, demonstrated the ability to tolerate salt. Plant growth-promoting properties such as phosphate solubilization, indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) production, nitrogen fixation, zinc solubilization, biofilm formation and hydrolytic enzyme production were tested in vitro under saline conditions. Eight bacterial isolates indicated phosphate solubilization potential ranging from 5.8-17.7 μg mL-1, wherein TMB6 was found most efficient. Ten bacterial isolates exhibited IAA production ranging from 0.3-2.1 μg mL-1, where TMB7 indicated the highest potential. All the bacterial isolates except TMB13 exhibited nitrogenase activity. Three isolates, TMB6, TMB7 and TMB9, were able to solubilize zinc on tris-minimal media. All isolates were capable of forming biofilm except TMB12 and TMB13. Only TMB2, TMB6 and TMB7 exhibited cellulase activity, while TMB2 and TMB7 exhibited pectinase production. Based on in vitro testing, six efficient STEB were selected and subjected to the further studies. 16S rRNA gene sequencing of efficient STEB revealed the maximum similarity between TMB2 and Rhizobium pusense, TMB3 and Agrobacterium leguminum, TMB5 and Achromobacter denitrificans, TMB6 and Pseudomonas extremorientalis, TMB7 and Bradyrhizobium japonicum and TMB9 and Serratia quinivorans. This is the first international report on the existence of A. leguminum, A. denitrificans, P. extremorientalis and S. quinivorans inside the roots of mungbean. Under controlled-conditions, inoculation of P. extremorientalis TMB6, B. japonicum TMB7 and S. quinivorans TMB9 exhibited maximum potential to increase plant growth parameters; specifically plant dry weight was increased by up to 52%, 61% and 45%, respectively. Inoculation of B. japonicum TMB7 displayed the highest potential to increase plant proline, glycine betaine and total soluble proteins contents by 77%, 78% and 64%, respectively, compared to control under saline conditions. It is suggested that the efficient STEB could be used as biofertilizers for mungbean crop productivity under saline conditions after field-testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syeda Tahseen Zahra
- Department of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Mohsin Tariq
- Department of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Abdullah
- Department of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Marriam Zafar
- Department of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Tahira Yasmeen
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Shafiq Shahid
- Department of Plant Sciences, College of Agricultural and Marine Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman
| | - Haitham E. M. Zaki
- Horticulture Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Minia University, El-Minia, Egypt
- Applied Biotechnology Department, University of Technology and Applied Sciences-Sur, Sur, Oman
| | - Amanat Ali
- Nuclear Institute of Agriculture (NIA), Tandojam, Pakistan
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23
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Pandey P, Tripathi A, Dwivedi S, Lal K, Jhang T. Deciphering the mechanisms, hormonal signaling, and potential applications of endophytic microbes to mediate stress tolerance in medicinal plants. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1250020. [PMID: 38034581 PMCID: PMC10684941 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1250020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
The global healthcare market in the post-pandemic era emphasizes a constant pursuit of therapeutic, adaptogenic, and immune booster drugs. Medicinal plants are the only natural resource to meet this by supplying an array of bioactive secondary metabolites in an economic, greener and sustainable manner. Driven by the thrust in demand for natural immunity imparting nutraceutical and life-saving plant-derived drugs, the acreage for commercial cultivation of medicinal plants has dramatically increased in recent years. Limited resources of land and water, low productivity, poor soil fertility coupled with climate change, and biotic (bacteria, fungi, insects, viruses, nematodes) and abiotic (temperature, drought, salinity, waterlogging, and metal toxicity) stress necessitate medicinal plant productivity enhancement through sustainable strategies. Plants evolved intricate physiological (membrane integrity, organelle structural changes, osmotic adjustments, cell and tissue survival, reclamation, increased root-shoot ratio, antibiosis, hypersensitivity, etc.), biochemical (phytohormones synthesis, proline, protein levels, antioxidant enzymes accumulation, ion exclusion, generation of heat-shock proteins, synthesis of allelochemicals. etc.), and cellular (sensing of stress signals, signaling pathways, modulating expression of stress-responsive genes and proteins, etc.) mechanisms to combat stresses. Endophytes, colonizing in different plant tissues, synthesize novel bioactive compounds that medicinal plants can harness to mitigate environmental cues, thus making the agroecosystems self-sufficient toward green and sustainable approaches. Medicinal plants with a host set of metabolites and endophytes with another set of secondary metabolites interact in a highly complex manner involving adaptive mechanisms, including appropriate cellular responses triggered by stimuli received from the sensors situated on the cytoplasm and transmitting signals to the transcriptional machinery in the nucleus to withstand a stressful environment effectively. Signaling pathways serve as a crucial nexus for sensing stress and establishing plants' proper molecular and cellular responses. However, the underlying mechanisms and critical signaling pathways triggered by endophytic microbes are meager. This review comprehends the diversity of endophytes in medicinal plants and endophyte-mediated plant-microbe interactions for biotic and abiotic stress tolerance in medicinal plants by understanding complex adaptive physiological mechanisms and signaling cascades involving defined molecular and cellular responses. Leveraging this knowledge, researchers can design specific microbial formulations that optimize plant health, increase nutrient uptake, boost crop yields, and support a resilient, sustainable agricultural system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Praveen Pandey
- Microbial Technology Department, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, India
- Division of Plant Breeding and Genetic Resource Conservation, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, India
| | - Arpita Tripathi
- Microbial Technology Department, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, India
- Faculty of Education, Teerthanker Mahaveer University, Moradabad, India
| | - Shweta Dwivedi
- Division of Plant Breeding and Genetic Resource Conservation, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
| | - Kanhaiya Lal
- Division of Plant Breeding and Genetic Resource Conservation, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
| | - Tripta Jhang
- Division of Plant Breeding and Genetic Resource Conservation, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, India
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Bashir A, Manzoor MM, Ahmad T, Farooq S, Sultan P, Gupta AP, Riyaz-Ul-Hassan S. Endophytic fungal community of Rosa damascena Mill. as a promising source of indigenous biostimulants: Elucidating its spatial distribution, chemical diversity, and ecological functions. Microbiol Res 2023; 276:127479. [PMID: 37639964 DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2023.127479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Revised: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
The role of endophytes in maintaining healthy plant ecosystems and holding promise for agriculture and food security is deeply appreciated. In the current study, we determine the community structure, spatial distribution, chemical diversity, and ecological functions of fungal endophytes of Rosa damascena growing in the North-Western Himalayas. Culture-dependent methods revealed that R. damascena supported a rich endophyte diversity comprising 32 genera and 68 OTUs. The diversity was governed by climate, altitude, and tissue type. Species of Aspergillus, Cladosporium, Penicillium, and Diaporthe were the core endophytes of the host plant consisting of 48.8% of the endophytes collectively. The predominant pathogen of the host was Alternaria spp., especially A. alternata. GC-MS analyses affirmed the production of diverse arrays of volatile organic compounds (VOC) by individual endophytes. Among the primary rose oil components, Diaporthe melonis RDE257, and Periconia verrucosa RDE85 produced phenyl ethyl alcohol (PEA) and benzyl alcohol (BA). The endophytes displayed varied levels of plant growth-promoting, colonization, and anti-pathogenic traits. Between the selected endophytes, P. verrucosa and D. melonis significantly potentiated plant growth and the flavonoids and chlorophyll content in the host. The potential of these two endophytes and their metabolites PEA and BA was confirmed on Nicotiana tabacum. The treatments of the metabolites and individual endophytes enhanced the growth parameters in the model plant significantly. The results imply that P. verrucosa and D. melonis are potential plant growth enhancers and their activity may be partially due to the production of PEA and BA. Thus, R. damascena harbors diverse endophytes with potential applications in disease suppression and host growth promotion. Further investigations at the molecular level are warranted to develop green endophytic agents for sustainable cultivation of R. damascena and biocontrol of leaf spot disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abid Bashir
- Fermentation and Microbial Biotechnology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Sanat Nagar, Srinagar 190005, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Malik Muzafar Manzoor
- Fermentation and Microbial Biotechnology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Sanat Nagar, Srinagar 190005, India
| | - Tanveer Ahmad
- Fermentation and Microbial Biotechnology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Sanat Nagar, Srinagar 190005, India
| | - Sadaqat Farooq
- Fermentation and Microbial Biotechnology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Sanat Nagar, Srinagar 190005, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Phalisteen Sultan
- Fermentation and Microbial Biotechnology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Sanat Nagar, Srinagar 190005, India
| | - Ajai P Gupta
- Quality Management & Instrumentation Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu 180001, India
| | - Syed Riyaz-Ul-Hassan
- Fermentation and Microbial Biotechnology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Sanat Nagar, Srinagar 190005, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India.
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Scholz SS, Barth E, Clément G, Marmagne A, Ludwig-Müller J, Sakakibara H, Kiba T, Vicente-Carbajosa J, Pollmann S, Krapp A, Oelmüller R. The Root-Colonizing Endophyte Piriformospora indica Supports Nitrogen-Starved Arabidopsis thaliana Seedlings with Nitrogen Metabolites. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15372. [PMID: 37895051 PMCID: PMC10607921 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242015372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2023] [Revised: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The root-colonizing endophytic fungus Piriformospora indica promotes the root and shoot growth of its host plants. We show that the growth promotion of Arabidopsis thaliana leaves is abolished when the seedlings are grown on media with nitrogen (N) limitation. The fungus neither stimulated the total N content nor did it promote 15NO3- uptake from agar plates to the leaves of the host under N-sufficient or N-limiting conditions. However, when the roots were co-cultivated with 15N-labelled P. indica, more labels were detected in the leaves of N-starved host plants but not in plants supplied with sufficient N. Amino acid and primary metabolite profiles, as well as the expression analyses of N metabolite transporter genes suggest that the fungus alleviates the adaptation of its host from the N limitation condition. P. indica alters the expression of transporter genes, which participate in the relocation of NO3-, NH4+ and N metabolites from the roots to the leaves under N limitation. We propose that P. indica participates in the plant's metabolomic adaptation against N limitation by delivering reduced N metabolites to the host, thus alleviating metabolic N starvation responses and reprogramming the expression of N metabolism-related genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra S. Scholz
- Department of Plant Physiology, Matthias-Schleiden-Institute, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, 07743 Jena, Germany;
| | - Emanuel Barth
- Bioinformatics Core Facility, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, 07743 Jena, Germany;
| | - Gilles Clément
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin (IJPB), 78000 Versailles, France (A.M.); (A.K.)
| | - Anne Marmagne
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin (IJPB), 78000 Versailles, France (A.M.); (A.K.)
| | - Jutta Ludwig-Müller
- Institute of Botany, Technische Universität Dresden, 01217 Dresden, Germany;
| | - Hitoshi Sakakibara
- Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan; (H.S.); (T.K.)
| | - Takatoshi Kiba
- Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan; (H.S.); (T.K.)
| | - Jesús Vicente-Carbajosa
- Centro de Biotechnología y Genómica de Plantas, Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentación (INIA), Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM), Campus de Montegancedo, 28223 Madrid, Spain; (J.V.-C.); (S.P.)
- Departamento de Biotecnología-Biología Vegetal, Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería Agronómica, Alimentaria y de Biosistemas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Stephan Pollmann
- Centro de Biotechnología y Genómica de Plantas, Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentación (INIA), Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM), Campus de Montegancedo, 28223 Madrid, Spain; (J.V.-C.); (S.P.)
- Departamento de Biotecnología-Biología Vegetal, Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería Agronómica, Alimentaria y de Biosistemas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Anne Krapp
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin (IJPB), 78000 Versailles, France (A.M.); (A.K.)
| | - Ralf Oelmüller
- Department of Plant Physiology, Matthias-Schleiden-Institute, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, 07743 Jena, Germany;
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Wijesekara T, Xu B. Health-Promoting Effects of Bioactive Compounds from Plant Endophytic Fungi. J Fungi (Basel) 2023; 9:997. [PMID: 37888253 PMCID: PMC10608072 DOI: 10.3390/jof9100997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Revised: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/07/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The study examines the intricate relationship between plants and the endophytic fungi inhabiting their tissues. These fungi harmoniously coexist with plants, forming a distinct symbiotic connection that has caught scientific attention due to its potential implications for plant health and growth. The diverse range of bioactive compounds produced by these fungi holds significant promise for human health. The review covers various aspects of this topic, starting by introducing endophytic microorganisms, explaining their colonization of different plant parts, and illuminating their potential roles in enhancing plant defense against diseases and promoting growth. The review emphasizes the widespread occurrence and diversity of these microorganisms among plant species while highlighting the complexities and significance of isolating and extracting bioactive compounds from them. It focuses on the health benefits of these bioactive compounds, including their capacity to exhibit antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and anticancer effects. The review delves into the mechanisms behind these health-promoting effects, spotlighting how the compounds interact with cellular receptors, signaling pathways, and gene expression. In conclusion, the review provides a comprehensive overview of health-promoting bioactive compounds from plant endophytic fungi. It outlines their multifaceted impact, potential applications, and future research avenues in health and medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tharuka Wijesekara
- Department of Food Science and Technology, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya 20400, Sri Lanka;
| | - Baojun Xu
- Food Science and Technology Program, Department of Life Sciences, BNU-HKBU United International College, Zhuhai 519087, China
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27
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Kim J, Ahn SH, Yang JS, Choi S, Jung HW, Jeon J. Plant Protective and Growth Promoting Effects of Seed Endophytes in Soybean Plants. THE PLANT PATHOLOGY JOURNAL 2023; 39:513-521. [PMID: 37817497 PMCID: PMC10580052 DOI: 10.5423/ppj.oa.06.2023.0091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 09/16/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/12/2023]
Abstract
Seed-borne diseases reduce not only the seed germination and seedling growth but also seed quality, resulting in the significant yield loss in crop production. Plant seed harbors diverse microbes termed endophytes other than pathogens inside it. However, their roles and application to agricultures were rarely understood and explored to date. Recently, we had isolated from soybean seeds culturable endophytes exhibiting in-vitro antagonistic activities against common bacterial and fungal seed-borne pathogens. In this study, we evaluated effects of seed treatment with endophytes on plant growth and protection against the common seed-borne pathogens: four fungal pathogens (Cercospora sojina, C. kikuchii, Septoria glycines, Diaporthe eres) and two bacterial pathogens (Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. glycines, Pseudomonas syringae pv. tabaci). Our experiments showed that treatment of soybean seeds with seed endophytes clearly offer protection against seed-borne pathogens. We also found that some of the endophytes promote plant growth in addition to the disease suppression. Taken together, our results demonstrate agricultural potential of seed endophytes in crop protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiwon Kim
- Department of Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Korea
| | - Seong-Ho Ahn
- Division of Agricultural Microbiology, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Wanju 55365, Korea
| | - Ji Sun Yang
- Department of Applied Bioscience, Dong-A University, Busan 49315, Korea
| | - Seonwoo Choi
- Department of Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Korea
| | - Ho Won Jung
- Department of Applied Bioscience, Dong-A University, Busan 49315, Korea
| | - Junhyun Jeon
- Department of Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Korea
- Plant Immunity Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
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28
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Sharma I, Raina A, Choudhary M, Apra, Kaul S, Dhar MK. Fungal endophyte bioinoculants as a green alternative towards sustainable agriculture. Heliyon 2023; 9:e19487. [PMID: 37662754 PMCID: PMC10472071 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e19487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Revised: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Over the past half century, limited use of synthetic fertilizers, pesticides, and conservation of the environment and natural resources have become the interdependent goals of sustainable agriculture. These practices support agriculture sustainability with less environmental and climatic impacts. Therefore, there is an upsurge in the need to introduce compatible booster methods for maximizing net production. The best straightforward strategy is to explore and utilize plant-associated beneficial microorganisms and their products. Bioinoculants are bioformulations consisting of selected microbial strains on a suitable carrier used in the enhancement of crop production. Fungal endophytes used as bioinoculants confer various benefits to the host, such as protection against pathogens by eliciting immune response, mineralization of essential nutrients, and promoting plant growth. Besides, they also produce various bioactive metabolites, phytohormones, and volatile organic compounds. To design various bioformulations, transdisciplinary approaches like genomics, transcriptomics, metabolomics, proteomics, and microbiome modulation strategies like gene editing and metabolic reconstruction have been explored. These studies will refine the existing knowledge on the diversity, phylogeny and beneficial traits of the microbes. This will also help in synthesizing microbial consortia by evaluating the role of structural and functional elements of communities in a controlled manner. The present review summarizes the beneficial aspects associated with fungal endophytes for capitalizing agricultural outputs, enlists various multi-omics techniques for understanding and modulating the mechanism involved in endophytism and the generation of new bioformulations for providing novel solutions for the enhancement of crop production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Itika Sharma
- Fungal Biotechnology Laboratory, School of Biotechnology, University of Jammu, Jammu, Jammu and Kashmir, 180006, India
| | - Ashish Raina
- Fungal Biotechnology Laboratory, School of Biotechnology, University of Jammu, Jammu, Jammu and Kashmir, 180006, India
| | - Malvi Choudhary
- Fungal Biotechnology Laboratory, School of Biotechnology, University of Jammu, Jammu, Jammu and Kashmir, 180006, India
| | - Apra
- Fungal Biotechnology Laboratory, School of Biotechnology, University of Jammu, Jammu, Jammu and Kashmir, 180006, India
| | - Sanjana Kaul
- Fungal Biotechnology Laboratory, School of Biotechnology, University of Jammu, Jammu, Jammu and Kashmir, 180006, India
| | - Manoj K. Dhar
- Plant Genome Research Laboratory, School of Biotechnology, University of Jammu, Jammu, Jammu and Kashmir, 180006, India
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Huang M, Chen L, Ma J, Mo J, He L, Liang Q, Peng G, Tan Z. Biological functions of endophytic bacteria in Robinia pseudoacacia 'Hongsen '. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1128727. [PMID: 37621396 PMCID: PMC10446884 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1128727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Endophytes and their host plants have co-evolved for a very long time. This relationship has led to the general recognition of endophytes as a particular class of microbial resources. R. pseudoacacia 'Hongsen' is drought- and barren-resistant species that can be grown in both the north and south of China, efficiently addresses the ecological issues caused by China's 'southern eucalyptus and northern poplar. Up to date, cultured-dependent studies are available for the R. pseudoacacia nitrogen-fixing and other endophytes. Therefore, the present research studied the R. pseudoacacia 'Hongsen,' microbiome in detail by high-throughput sequencing and culture dependant. Methods This study examined microbial species and functional diversity in Robinia pseudoacacia 'Hongsen' using culture-dependent (isolation) and culture-independent techniques. Results A total of 210 isolates were isolated from R. pseudoacacia 'Hongsen.' These isolates were clustered into 16 groups by the In Situ PCR (IS-PCR) fingerprinting patterns. 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis of the representative strain of each group revealed that these groups belonged to 16 species of 8 genera, demonstrating the diversity of endophytes in R. pseudoacacia 'Hongsen'. 'Bacillus is the most prevalent genus among all the endophytic bacteria. High-throughput sequencing of endophytic bacteria from R. pseudoacacia 'Hongsen' of the plant and the rhizosphere soil bacteria showed that the bacterial populations of soil near the root, leaf, and rhizosphere differed significantly. The microbial abundance decreased in the endophytes as compared to the rhizosphere. We observed a similar community structure of roots and leaves. With and without root nodules, Mesorhizobium sp. was significantly different in R. pseudoacacia 'Hongsen' plant. Discussion It was predicted that R. pseudoacacia 'Hongsen' plant endophytic bacteria would play a significant role in the metabolic process, such as carbohydrate metabolism, amino acid metabolism, membrane transport, and energy metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minqing Huang
- College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lijing Chen
- College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiasi Ma
- College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jingzhi Mo
- College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lu He
- College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qihua Liang
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guixiang Peng
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhiyuan Tan
- College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
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Asad S, Priyashantha AKH, Tibpromma S, Luo Y, Zhang J, Fan Z, Zhao L, Shen K, Niu C, Lu L, Promputtha I, Karunarathna SC. Coffee-Associated Endophytes: Plant Growth Promotion and Crop Protection. BIOLOGY 2023; 12:911. [PMID: 37508343 PMCID: PMC10376224 DOI: 10.3390/biology12070911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Revised: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
Endophytic microbes are a ubiquitous group of plant-associated communities that colonize the intercellular or intracellular host tissues while providing numerous beneficial effects to the plants. All the plant species are thought to be associated with endophytes, majorly constituted with bacteria and fungi. During the last two decades, there has been a considerable movement toward the study of endophytes associated with coffee plants. In this review, the main consideration is given to address the coffee-associated endophytic bacteria and fungi, particularly their action on plant growth promotion and the biocontrol of pests. In addition, we sought to identify and analyze the gaps in the available research. Additionally, the potential of endophytes to improve the quality of coffee seeds is briefly discussed. Even though there are limited studies on the subject, the potentiality of coffee endophytes in plant growth promotion through enhancing nitrogen fixation, availability of minerals, nutrient absorption, secretion of phytohormones, and other bioactive metabolites has been well recognized. Further, the antagonistic effect against various coffee pathogenic bacteria, fungi, nematodes, and also insect pests leads to the protection of the crop. Furthermore, it is recognized that endophytes enhance the sensory characteristics of coffee as a new field of study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suhail Asad
- School of Biology and Chemistry, Pu'er University, Pu'er 665000, China
| | | | - Saowaluck Tibpromma
- Center for Yunnan Plateau Biological Resources Protection and Utilization, College of Biological Resource and Food Engineering, Qujing Normal University, Qujing 655011, China
| | - Yinling Luo
- School of Biology and Chemistry, Pu'er University, Pu'er 665000, China
| | - Jianqiang Zhang
- School of Biology and Chemistry, Pu'er University, Pu'er 665000, China
| | - Zhuqing Fan
- School of Biology and Chemistry, Pu'er University, Pu'er 665000, China
| | - Likun Zhao
- School of Biology and Chemistry, Pu'er University, Pu'er 665000, China
| | - Ke Shen
- School of Biology and Chemistry, Pu'er University, Pu'er 665000, China
| | - Chen Niu
- Spice and Beverage Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agriculture Sciences, Haikou 570100, China
| | - Li Lu
- Center for Yunnan Plateau Biological Resources Protection and Utilization, College of Biological Resource and Food Engineering, Qujing Normal University, Qujing 655011, China
| | - Itthayakorn Promputtha
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
- Environmental Science Research Center, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Samantha C Karunarathna
- Center for Yunnan Plateau Biological Resources Protection and Utilization, College of Biological Resource and Food Engineering, Qujing Normal University, Qujing 655011, China
- National Institute of Fundamental Studies (NIFS), Hantana Road, Kandy 20000, Sri Lanka
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Upadhayay VK, Chitara MK, Mishra D, Jha MN, Jaiswal A, Kumari G, Ghosh S, Patel VK, Naitam MG, Singh AK, Pareek N, Taj G, Maithani D, Kumar A, Dasila H, Sharma A. Synergistic impact of nanomaterials and plant probiotics in agriculture: A tale of two-way strategy for long-term sustainability. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1133968. [PMID: 37206335 PMCID: PMC10189066 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1133968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Modern agriculture is primarily focused on the massive production of cereals and other food-based crops in a sustainable manner in order to fulfill the food demands of an ever-increasing global population. However, intensive agricultural practices, rampant use of agrochemicals, and other environmental factors result in soil fertility degradation, environmental pollution, disruption of soil biodiversity, pest resistance, and a decline in crop yields. Thus, experts are shifting their focus to other eco-friendly and safer methods of fertilization in order to ensure agricultural sustainability. Indeed, the importance of plant growth-promoting microorganisms, also determined as "plant probiotics (PPs)," has gained widespread recognition, and their usage as biofertilizers is being actively promoted as a means of mitigating the harmful effects of agrochemicals. As bio-elicitors, PPs promote plant growth and colonize soil or plant tissues when administered in soil, seeds, or plant surface and are used as an alternative means to avoid heavy use of agrochemicals. In the past few years, the use of nanotechnology has also brought a revolution in agriculture due to the application of various nanomaterials (NMs) or nano-based fertilizers to increase crop productivity. Given the beneficial properties of PPs and NMs, these two can be used in tandem to maximize benefits. However, the use of combinations of NMs and PPs, or their synergistic use, is in its infancy but has exhibited better crop-modulating effects in terms of improvement in crop productivity, mitigation of environmental stress (drought, salinity, etc.), restoration of soil fertility, and strengthening of the bioeconomy. In addition, a proper assessment of nanomaterials is necessary before their application, and a safer dose of NMs should be applicable without showing any toxic impact on the environment and soil microbial communities. The combo of NMs and PPs can also be encapsulated within a suitable carrier, and this method aids in the controlled and targeted delivery of entrapped components and also increases the shelf life of PPs. However, this review highlights the functional annotation of the combined impact of NMs and PPs on sustainable agricultural production in an eco-friendly manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viabhav Kumar Upadhayay
- Department of Microbiology, College of Basic Sciences & Humanities, Dr. Rajendra Prasad Central Agricultural University, Samastipur, Bihar, India
| | - Manoj Kumar Chitara
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Agriculture, A.N.D University of Agriculture and Technology, Ayodhya, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Dhruv Mishra
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Basic Sciences and Humanities, G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Manindra Nath Jha
- Department of Microbiology, College of Basic Sciences & Humanities, Dr. Rajendra Prasad Central Agricultural University, Samastipur, Bihar, India
| | - Aman Jaiswal
- Department of Microbiology, College of Basic Sciences & Humanities, Dr. Rajendra Prasad Central Agricultural University, Samastipur, Bihar, India
| | - Geeta Kumari
- Department of Microbiology, College of Basic Sciences & Humanities, Dr. Rajendra Prasad Central Agricultural University, Samastipur, Bihar, India
| | - Saipayan Ghosh
- Department of Horticulture, PGCA, Dr. Rajendra Prasad Central Agricultural University, Samastipur, Bihar, India
| | - Vivek Kumar Patel
- Department of Plant Pathology, PGCA, Dr. Rajendra Prasad Central Agricultural University, Samastipur, Bihar, India
| | - Mayur G. Naitam
- Department of Microbiology, College of Basic Sciences & Humanities, Dr. Rajendra Prasad Central Agricultural University, Samastipur, Bihar, India
| | - Ashish Kumar Singh
- Department of Biotechnology and Synthetic Biology, Center of Innovative and Applied Bioprocessing, Sector 81, Mohali, India
| | - Navneet Pareek
- Department of Soil Science, College of Agriculture, G. B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, India
| | - Gohar Taj
- Department of Molecular Biology & Genetic Engineering, College of Basic Sciences and Humanities, GBPUA&; T, Pantnagar, Uttarakhand, India
| | | | - Ankit Kumar
- Department of Horticulture, College of Agriculture, G. B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Hemant Dasila
- Department of Microbiology, Akal College of Basic Sciences, Eternal University, Sirmaur, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Adita Sharma
- College of Fisheries, Dholi, Dr. Rajendra Prasad Central Agricultural University, Muzaffarpur, Bihar, India
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Chaudhary R, Kumar V, Gupta S, Naik B, Prasad R, Mishra S, Saris PEJ, Kumar V. Finger Millet ( Eleusine coracana) Plant-Endophyte Dynamics: Plant Growth, Nutrient Uptake, and Zinc Biofortification. Microorganisms 2023; 11:microorganisms11040973. [PMID: 37110396 PMCID: PMC10143119 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11040973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Revised: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Endophytic fungi and bacteria were isolated from finger millet and their effects on finger millet growth parameters and zinc and NPK contents in grains were studied. Out of 70 fungal and 112 bacterial endophytes, the two best fungal and bacterial isolates were selected on the basis of zinc solubilization and plant-growth-promoting attributes. The fungal isolates identified were Aspergillus terreus and Lecanicillium sp., and the bacterial isolates were Pseudomonas bijieensis and Priestia megaterium. The endophytic zinc, NPK mobilization, and plant-growth-promoting efficacy were determined in a pot experiment with zinc carbonate as the zinc source. Endophytic-primed plants showed enhanced shoot and root lengths compared to the unprimed control. Endophytes increased the zinc content in grains by between 12.12% and 18.80% compared to control plants. Endophytes also augmented the NPK concentrations in seeds compared to control plants and exhibited stability in a diverse range of pHs, temperatures, and NaCl concentrations, and exhibited growth on various carbohydrate and nitrogen sources. This is the first study reporting the interaction of Aspergillus terreus, Lecanicillium sp., Pseudomonas bijieensis, and Priestia megaterium with finger millet for grain Zn biofortification and NPK concentration enhancement. This study indicated that zinc-dissolving endophytes possess the potential for enhancing the zinc and NPK content in grains in addition to the plant-growth-promoting attributes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renu Chaudhary
- Himalayan School of Biosciences, Swami Rama Himalayan University, Jolly Grant, Dehradun 248016, India
| | - Vijay Kumar
- Himalayan School of Biosciences, Swami Rama Himalayan University, Jolly Grant, Dehradun 248016, India
| | - Sanjay Gupta
- Himalayan School of Biosciences, Swami Rama Himalayan University, Jolly Grant, Dehradun 248016, India
| | - Bindu Naik
- Department of Life Sciences, Graphic Era (Deemed to be) University, Bell Road, Clement Town, Dehradun 248002, India
| | - Ram Prasad
- Department of Botany, School of Life Sciences, Mahatma Gandhi Central University, Motihari 845401, India
| | - Sadhna Mishra
- Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, GLA University, Mathura 281406, India
| | - Per Erik Joakim Saris
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry, University of Helsinki, 00100 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Vivek Kumar
- Himalayan School of Biosciences, Swami Rama Himalayan University, Jolly Grant, Dehradun 248016, India
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Bilous S, Likhanov A, Boroday V, Marchuk Y, Zelena L, Subin O, Bilous A. Antifungal Activity and Effect of Plant-Associated Bacteria on Phenolic Synthesis of Quercus robur L. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:1352. [PMID: 36987039 PMCID: PMC10059881 DOI: 10.3390/plants12061352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Revised: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Europe's forests, particularly in Ukraine, are highly vulnerable to climate change. The maintenance and improvement of forest health are high-priority issues, and various stakeholders have shown an interest in understanding and utilizing ecological interactions between trees and their associated microorganisms. Endophyte microbes can influence the health of trees either by directly interacting with the damaging agents or modulating host responses to infection. In the framework of this work, ten morphotypes of endophytic bacteria from the tissues of unripe acorns of Quercus robur L. were isolated. Based on the results of the sequenced 16S rRNA genes, four species of endophytic bacteria were identified: Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, Bacillus subtilis, Delftia acidovorans, and Lelliottia amnigena. Determining the activity of pectolytic enzymes showed that the isolates B. subtilis and B. amyloliquefaciens could not cause maceration of plant tissues. Screening for these isolates revealed their fungistatic effect against phytopathogenic micromycetes, namely Fusarium tricinctum, Botrytis cinerea, and Sclerotinia sclerotiorum. Inoculation of B. subtilis, B. amyloliquefaciens, and their complex in oak leaves, in contrast to phytopathogenic bacteria, contributed to the complete restoration of the epidermis at the sites of damage. The phytopathogenic bacteria Pectobacterium and Pseudomonas caused a 2.0 and 2.2 times increase in polyphenol concentration in the plants, respectively, while the ratio of antioxidant activity to total phenolic content decreased. Inoculation of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens and Bacillus subtilis isolates into oak leaf tissue were accompanied by a decrease in the total pool of phenolic compounds. The ratio of antioxidant activity to total phenolic content increased. This indicates a qualitative improvement in the overall balance of the oak leaf antioxidant system induced by potential PGPB. Thus, endophytic bacteria of the genus Bacillus isolated from the internal tissues of unripe oak acorns have the ability of growth biocontrol and spread of phytopathogens, indicating their promise for use as biopesticides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Svitlana Bilous
- Education and Research Institute of Forestry and Landscape-Park Management, National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine, 03041 Kyiv, Ukraine (Y.M.)
- Institute for Evolutionary Ecology NAS of Ukraine, 37 Lebedeva Str., 03143 Kiev, Ukraine
- Forestry Department, Weihenstephan-Triesdorf University of Applied Sciences, Germany, Hans-Carl-von-Carlowitz-Platz 3, 85354 Freising, Germany
| | - Artur Likhanov
- Education and Research Institute of Forestry and Landscape-Park Management, National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine, 03041 Kyiv, Ukraine (Y.M.)
- Institute for Evolutionary Ecology NAS of Ukraine, 37 Lebedeva Str., 03143 Kiev, Ukraine
| | - Vira Boroday
- Education and Research Institute of Forestry and Landscape-Park Management, National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine, 03041 Kyiv, Ukraine (Y.M.)
| | - Yurii Marchuk
- Education and Research Institute of Forestry and Landscape-Park Management, National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine, 03041 Kyiv, Ukraine (Y.M.)
| | - Liubov Zelena
- Danylo Zabolotny Institute of Microbiology and Virology National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 154 Zabolotnogo Str., 03143 Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Oleksandr Subin
- State Enterprise “State Centre of Agricultural Products Certification and Examination”, Janusha Korchaka Str. 9/12, 03143 Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Andrii Bilous
- Education and Research Institute of Forestry and Landscape-Park Management, National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine, 03041 Kyiv, Ukraine (Y.M.)
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Abstract
Prokaryotic and eukaryotic microbial symbiotic communities span through kingdoms. The vast microbial gene pool extends the host genome and supports adaptations to changing environmental conditions. Plants are versatile hosts for the symbionts, carrying microbes on the surface, inside tissues, and even within the cells. Insects are equally abundantly colonized by microbial symbionts on the exoskeleton, in the gut, in the hemocoel, and inside the cells. The insect gut is a prolific environment, but it is selective on the microbial species that enter with food. Plants and insects are often highly dependent on each other and frequently interact. Regardless of the accumulating evidence on the microbiomes of both organisms, it remains unclear how much they exchange and modify each other's microbiomes. In this review, we approach this question from the point of view of herbivores that feed on plants, with a special focus on the forest ecosystems. After a brief introduction to the subject, we concentrate on the plant microbiome, the overlap between plant and insect microbial communities, and how the exchange and modification of microbiomes affects the fitness of each host.
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