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Takahashi K, Tsuji M, Nakagawasai O, Miyagawa K, Kurokawa K, Mochida-Saito A, Iwasa M, Iwasa H, Suzuki S, Takeda H, Tadano T. Anxiolytic effects of Enterococcus faecalis 2001 on a mouse model of colitis. Sci Rep 2024; 14:11519. [PMID: 38769131 PMCID: PMC11106339 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-62309-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a refractory inflammatory bowel disease, which is known to cause psychiatric disorders such as anxiety and depression at a high rate in addition to peripheral inflammatory symptoms. However, the pathogenesis of these psychiatric disorders remains mostly unknown. While prior research revealed that the Enterococcus faecalis 2001 (EF-2001) suppressed UC-like symptoms and accompanying depressive-like behaviors, observed in a UC model using dextran sulfate sodium (DSS), whether it has an anxiolytic effect remains unclear. Therefore, we examined whether EF-2001 attenuates DSS-induced anxiety-like behaviors. Treatment with 2% DSS for seven days induced UC-like symptoms and anxiety-like behavior through the hole-board test, increased serum lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and corticosterone concentration, and p-glucocorticoid receptor (GR) in the prefrontal cortex (PFC), and decreased N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor subunit (NR) 2A and NR2B expression levels in the PFC. Interestingly, these changes were reversed by EF-2001 administration. Further, EF-2001 administration enhanced CAMKII/CREB/BDNF-Drebrin pathways in the PFC of DSS-treated mice, and labeling of p-GR, p-CAMKII, and p-CREB showed colocalization with neurons. EF-2001 attenuated anxiety-like behavior by reducing serum LPS and corticosterone levels linked to the improvement of UC symptoms and by facilitating the CAMKII/CREB/BDNF-Drebrin pathways in the PFC. Our findings suggest a close relationship between UC and anxiety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kohei Takahashi
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, International University of Health and Welfare, 2600-1 Kitakanemaru, Ohtawara, Tochigi, 324-8501, Japan
| | - Minoru Tsuji
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, International University of Health and Welfare, 2600-1 Kitakanemaru, Ohtawara, Tochigi, 324-8501, Japan.
| | - Osamu Nakagawasai
- Division of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, 4-4-1 Komatsushima, Aoba-Ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 981-8558, Japan
| | - Kazuya Miyagawa
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, International University of Health and Welfare, 2600-1 Kitakanemaru, Ohtawara, Tochigi, 324-8501, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Kurokawa
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, International University of Health and Welfare, 2600-1 Kitakanemaru, Ohtawara, Tochigi, 324-8501, Japan
| | - Atsumi Mochida-Saito
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, International University of Health and Welfare, 2600-1 Kitakanemaru, Ohtawara, Tochigi, 324-8501, Japan
| | - Masahiro Iwasa
- Nihon Berm Co., Ltd., 16-12, Nihonbashi-Kodenmacho, Chuo-Ku, Tokyo, 103-0001, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Iwasa
- Nihon Berm Co., Ltd., 16-12, Nihonbashi-Kodenmacho, Chuo-Ku, Tokyo, 103-0001, Japan
| | - Shigeo Suzuki
- Nihon Berm Co., Ltd., 16-12, Nihonbashi-Kodenmacho, Chuo-Ku, Tokyo, 103-0001, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Takeda
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy at Fukuoka, International University of Health and Welfare, 137-1 Enokizu, Okawa, Fukuoka, 831-8501, Japan
| | - Takeshi Tadano
- Division of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, 4-4-1 Komatsushima, Aoba-Ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 981-8558, Japan
- Department of Environment and Preventive Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine Sciences, Kanazawa University, 13-1 Takaramachi, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, 920-8640, Japan
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2
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Brown DG, Murphy M, Cadeddu R, Bell R, Weis A, Chiaro T, Klag K, Morgan J, Coon H, Stephens WZ, Bortolato M, Round JL. Colitis reduces active social engagement in mice and is ameliorated by supplementation with human microbiota members. Nat Commun 2024; 15:2769. [PMID: 38553486 PMCID: PMC10980768 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-46733-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Multiple neurological disorders are associated with gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms, including autism spectrum disorder (ASD). However, it is unclear whether GI distress itself can modify aspects of behavior. Here, we show that mice that experience repeated colitis have impaired active social engagement, as measured by interactions with a foreign mouse, even though signs of colitis were no longer present. We then tested the hypothesis that individuals with ASD harbor a microbiota that might differentially influence GI health by performing microbiota transplantation studies into male germfree animals, followed by induction of colitis. Animals that harbor a microbiota from ASD individuals have worsened gut phenotypes when compared to animals colonized with microbiotas from familial neurotypical (NT) controls. We identify the enrichment of Blautia species in all familial NT controls and observe an association between elevated abundance of Bacteroides uniformis and reductions in intestinal injury. Oral treatment with either of these microbes reduces colon injury in mice. Finally, provision of a Blautia isolate from a NT control ameliorates gut injury-associated active social engagement in mice. Collectively, our data demonstrate that past intestinal distress is associated with changes in active social behavior in mice that can be ameliorated by supplementation of members of the human microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Garrett Brown
- Department of Pathology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Huntsman Cancer Institute, Division of Microbiology and Immunology, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Michaela Murphy
- Department of Pathology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Huntsman Cancer Institute, Division of Microbiology and Immunology, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Roberto Cadeddu
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology University of Utah College of Pharmacy, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Rickesha Bell
- Department of Pathology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Huntsman Cancer Institute, Division of Microbiology and Immunology, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Allison Weis
- Department of Pathology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Huntsman Cancer Institute, Division of Microbiology and Immunology, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Tyson Chiaro
- Department of Pathology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Huntsman Cancer Institute, Division of Microbiology and Immunology, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Kendra Klag
- Department of Pathology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Huntsman Cancer Institute, Division of Microbiology and Immunology, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Jubel Morgan
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Hilary Coon
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - W Zac Stephens
- Department of Pathology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Huntsman Cancer Institute, Division of Microbiology and Immunology, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Marco Bortolato
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology University of Utah College of Pharmacy, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - June L Round
- Department of Pathology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Huntsman Cancer Institute, Division of Microbiology and Immunology, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.
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3
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Wood CP, Avalos B, Alvarez C, DiPatrizio NV. A Sexually Dimorphic Role for Intestinal Cannabinoid Receptor Subtype-1 in the Behavioral Expression of Anxiety. Cannabis Cannabinoid Res 2023; 8:1045-1059. [PMID: 37862126 PMCID: PMC10771877 DOI: 10.1089/can.2023.0150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Increasing evidence suggests that the endocannabinoid system (ECS) in the brain controls anxiety and may be a therapeutic target for the treatment of anxiety disorders. For example, both pharmacological and genetic disruption of cannabinoid receptor subtype-1 (CB1R) signaling in the central nervous system is associated with increased anxiety-like behaviors in rodents, while activating the system is anxiolytic. Sex is also a critical factor that controls the behavioral expression of anxiety; however, roles for the ECS in the gut in these processes and possible differences between sexes are largely unknown. Objective: In this study, we aimed to determine if CB1Rs in the intestinal epithelium exert control over anxiety-like behaviors in a sex-dependent manner. Methods: We subjected male and female mice with conditional deletion of CB1Rs in the intestinal epithelium (intCB1-/-) and controls (intCB1+/+) to the elevated plus maze (EPM), light/dark box, and open field test. Corticosterone (CORT) levels in plasma were measured at baseline and immediately after EPM exposure. Results: When compared with intCB1+/+ male mice, intCB1-/- male mice exhibited reduced levels of anxiety-like behaviors in the EPM and light/dark box. In contrast to male mice, no differences were found between female intCB1+/+ and intCB1-/- mice. Circulating CORT was higher in female versus male mice for both genotype groups at baseline and after EPM exposure; however, there was no effect of genotype on CORT levels. Conclusions: Collectively, these results indicate that genetic deletion of CB1Rs in the intestinal epithelium is associated with an anxiolytic phenotype in a sex-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Courtney P. Wood
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, California, USA
| | - Bryant Avalos
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, California, USA
| | - Camila Alvarez
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, California, USA
| | - Nicholas V. DiPatrizio
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, California, USA
- University of California Riverside Center for Cannabinoid Research, Riverside, California, USA
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Jiang Y, Yin H, Wang H, Tao T, Zhang Y. Erythritol aggravates gut inflammation and anxiety-like behavioral disorders induced by acute dextran sulfate sodium administration in mice. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2023; 87:1354-1363. [PMID: 37604788 DOI: 10.1093/bbb/zbad119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/23/2023]
Abstract
Erythritol is a widely used sugar substitute in food and beverages with beneficial and detrimental roles in obesity and cardiovascular diseases, respectively; however, its influence on inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and related behavioral disorders is not well understood. Here, we found that erythritol exacerbated gut inflammation by promoting macrophage infiltration and inducing M1 macrophage polarization, thus increasing gut leakage during colitis triggered by acute dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) treatment. Increased gut permeability can cause neuroinflammation and anxiety-like behavioral disorders. In conclusion, our results revealed a negative role for erythritol in gut inflammation and anxiety-like behavioral disorders induced by erythritol administration in a mouse model of acute colitis, suggesting that erythritol intake control may be necessary for IBD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuzhi Jiang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Hailing Yin
- Department of Anesthesiology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Hongyu Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Ting Tao
- Department of Pharmacy, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yong Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
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5
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Raber J, Sharpton TJ. Gastrointestinal Dysfunction in Neurological and Neurodegenerative Disorders. Semin Neurol 2023; 43:634-644. [PMID: 37607587 PMCID: PMC10953489 DOI: 10.1055/s-0043-1771459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/24/2023]
Abstract
Increasing research links the gut microbiome to neurodegenerative disorders. The gut microbiome communicates with the central nervous system via the gut-brain axis and affects behavioral and cognitive phenotypes. Dysbiosis (a dysfunctional microbiome) drives increased intestinal permeability and inflammation that can negatively affect the brain via the gut-brain axis. Healthier metabolic and lipid profiles and cognitive phenotypes are observed in individuals with more distinct microbiomes. In this review, we discuss the role of the gut microbiome and gut-brain axis in neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson's disease and Alzheimer's disease and related animal models, in cancer and cancer treatments, and in metabolic syndrome. We also discuss strategies to improve the gut microbiome and ultimately brain function. Because healthier cognitive phenotypes are observed in individuals with more distinct microbiomes, increased efforts are warranted to develop therapeutic strategies for those at increased risk of developing neurological disorders and patients diagnosed with those disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob Raber
- Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon
- Division of Neuroscience, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Portland, Oregon
- Department of Neurology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon
- Department of Psychiatry, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon
- Department of Radiation Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon
- College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, Oregon
| | - Thomas J. Sharpton
- Department of Microbiology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon
- Department of Statistics, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon
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6
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Britzen-Laurent N, Weidinger C, Stürzl M. Contribution of Blood Vessel Activation, Remodeling and Barrier Function to Inflammatory Bowel Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24065517. [PMID: 36982601 PMCID: PMC10051397 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24065517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Revised: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) consist of a group of chronic inflammatory disorders with a complex etiology, which represent a clinical challenge due to their often therapy-refractory nature. In IBD, inflammation of the intestinal mucosa is characterized by strong and sustained leukocyte infiltration, resulting in the loss of epithelial barrier function and subsequent tissue destruction. This is accompanied by the activation and the massive remodeling of mucosal micro-vessels. The role of the gut vasculature in the induction and perpetuation of mucosal inflammation is receiving increasing recognition. While the vascular barrier is considered to offer protection against bacterial translocation and sepsis after the breakdown of the epithelial barrier, endothelium activation and angiogenesis are thought to promote inflammation. The present review examines the respective pathological contributions of the different phenotypical changes observed in the microvascular endothelium during IBD, and provides an overview of potential vessel-specific targeted therapy options for the treatment of IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathalie Britzen-Laurent
- Division of Surgical Research, Department of Surgery, Translational Research Center, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), 91054 Erlangen, Germany
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-EMN (CCC ER-EMN), 91054 Erlangen, Germany
- Correspondence:
| | - Carl Weidinger
- Department of Gastroenterology, Infectious Diseases and Rheumatology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Benjamin Franklin, 12203 Berlin, Germany
| | - Michael Stürzl
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Erlangen-EMN (CCC ER-EMN), 91054 Erlangen, Germany
- Division of Molecular and Experimental Surgery, Translational Research Center, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), 91054 Erlangen, Germany
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7
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Sex differences in pain-related behaviors and clinical progression of disease in mouse models of colonic pain. Pain 2023; 164:197-215. [PMID: 35559931 PMCID: PMC9756435 DOI: 10.1097/j.pain.0000000000002683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Previous studies have reported sex differences in patients with irritable bowel syndrome and inflammatory bowel disease, including differences in visceral pain perception. Despite this, sex differences in behavioral manifestations of visceral pain and underlying pathology of the gastrointestinal tract have been largely understudied in preclinical research. In this study, we evaluated potential sex differences in spontaneous nociceptive responses, referred abdominal hypersensitivity, disease progression, and bowel pathology in mouse models of acute and persistent colon inflammation. Our experiments show that females exhibit more nociceptive responses and referred abdominal hypersensitivity than males in the context of acute but not persistent colon inflammation. We further demonstrate that, after acute and persistent colon inflammation, pain-related behavioral responses in females and males are distinct, with increases in licking of the abdomen only observed in females and increases in abdominal contractions only seen in males. During persistent colon inflammation, males exhibit worse disease progression than females, which is manifested as worse physical appearance and higher weight loss. However, no measurable sex differences were observed in persistent inflammation-induced bowel pathology, stool consistency, or fecal blood. Overall, our findings demonstrate sex differences in pain-related behaviors and disease progression in the context of acute and persistent colon inflammation, highlighting the importance of considering sex as a biological variable in future mechanistic studies of visceral pain as well as in the development of diagnostics and therapeutic options for chronic gastrointestinal diseases.
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8
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Li Q, Meng F, Ma X, Sun Z, Dai J, Liu J, Li D, Cong P, Xu R, Zhao D, Wang W, Wang D, Liu C, Wang F, Li C, Lian H. The colonic interleukin-19 aggravates the dextran sodium sulfate/stress-induced comorbidities due to colitis and anxiety. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1153344. [PMID: 36936941 PMCID: PMC10018752 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1153344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Comorbidities due to inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and anxiety are commonly acknowledged; however, their underlying basis is unclear. In the current study, we first conducted a clinical retrospective analysis to identify the enhancive incidence rate of IBD before or after the epidemic of Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), with higher Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7), as well as poorer Gastrointestinal Quality of Life Index (GIQLI). Then, the dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) and chronic unpredictable stress (CUS)-induced IBD and anxiety comorbid models were established with the correlational relations between symptoms of IBD and anxiety-related behaviors. We found dysfunctional up-regulation of a new inflammatory factor interleukin (IL)-19 in the colon of DSS/CUS treated mice. Overexpression of IL-19 in colon induced anxious phenotypes, and accelerated the anxious condition and symptoms of colitis in the DSS/CUS model by promoting the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), IL-1β, and IL-6 pro-inflammatory factors, and activating signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) signaling pathway in the colon. Furthermore, overexpression of IL-19 in the colon also reduced the expression levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), and cAMP-response element binding protein (CREB) signaling pathways activity in the hippocampus. These results suggest that IL-19 was a pivotal player in DSS/CUS-induced comorbidities of colitis and anxiety with different signaling pathways for the colon and hippocampus, which provides a candidate gene to explore the pathophysiology of comorbidities due to colitis and anxiety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiongyu Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, China
- Medical Research Center, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, China
- Institute for Metabolic & Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, China
| | - Fantao Meng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, China
- Medical Research Center, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, China
- Institute for Metabolic & Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, China
| | - Xiangxian Ma
- Medical Research Center, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, China
- Institute for Metabolic & Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, China
- Department of Psychology, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, China
| | - Zhe Sun
- Department of Gastroenterology, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, China
- Medical Research Center, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, China
- Institute for Metabolic & Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, China
| | - Juanjuan Dai
- Medical Research Center, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, China
| | - Jing Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, China
- Medical Research Center, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, China
- Institute for Metabolic & Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, China
| | - Dan Li
- College of Nursing, Binzhou Medical University, Binzhou, China
| | - Peijia Cong
- Department of Gastroenterology, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, China
- Medical Research Center, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, China
- Institute for Metabolic & Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, China
| | - Ruixue Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, China
- Medical Research Center, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, China
- Institute for Metabolic & Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, China
| | - Di Zhao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, China
- Medical Research Center, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, China
- Institute for Metabolic & Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, China
| | - Wentao Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, China
- Medical Research Center, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, China
- Institute for Metabolic & Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, China
| | - Dan Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, China
- Medical Research Center, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, China
- Institute for Metabolic & Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, China
| | - Cuilan Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, China
- Medical Research Center, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, China
- Institute for Metabolic & Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, China
| | - Faxiang Wang
- Department of Neurology, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
- *Correspondence: Chen Li, ; Haifeng Lian, ; Faxiang Wang,
| | - Chen Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, China
- Medical Research Center, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, China
- Institute for Metabolic & Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Chen Li, ; Haifeng Lian, ; Faxiang Wang,
| | - Haifeng Lian
- Department of Gastroenterology, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, China
- Medical Research Center, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, China
- Institute for Metabolic & Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Chen Li, ; Haifeng Lian, ; Faxiang Wang,
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9
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Diwan B, Sharma R. Green tea EGCG effectively alleviates experimental colitis in middle-aged male mice by attenuating multiple aspects of oxi-inflammatory stress and cell cycle deregulation. Biogerontology 2022; 23:789-807. [PMID: 35779147 DOI: 10.1007/s10522-022-09976-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Age-dependent increased risk of inflammatory bowel diseases such as ulcerative colitis is being increasingly realized, and yet therapies targeting this disorder within the purview of aging are limited. The present study attempted to assess the efficacy of green tea epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) consumption in preventing the severity and progression of dextran sulphate sodium (DSS)-induced ulcerative colitis in 18 months old middle-aged male mice. Acute colitis was induced in animals using DSS and protective effects of EGCG consumption were examined. Different parameters related to disease progression and molecular markers related to oxi-inflammatory stress, localized and systemic cytokine response, epithelial barrier integrity, and cell cycle progression profile were evaluated. DSS treatment induced rapid and severe symptoms of colitis such as consistently increased DAI score, shortened and inflamed colon accompanied by increased levels of inflammatory proteins (TNFα/IL-6/IL-1β) in both the colon tissue and cultured splenocytes indicating exaggerated Th1 immune response. Markers of oxidative stress increased while antioxidant defences and the expression of tight junction genes in the colonic cells were attenuated. Dysregulation in the expression of cell cycle inhibitory genes (p53/p21WAF1/p16Ink4a) indicated possible induction of colitis-induced dysplasia. On the other hand, EGCG consumption strongly attenuated all the measured ostensible as well as molecular markers of the disease progression as evidenced by improved DAI score, cellular antioxidant capacity, attenuated Th1 cytokine response both in the colon and cultured splenocytes, enhanced expression of tight junction genes, and cell cycle inhibitors thereby suggesting systemic effects of EGCG. Together, these observations suggest that drinking EGCG-rich green tea can be a significant way of managing the severity of colitis during aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhawna Diwan
- Faculty of Applied Sciences and Biotechnology, Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, Solan, 173229, India
| | - Rohit Sharma
- Faculty of Applied Sciences and Biotechnology, Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, Solan, 173229, India.
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10
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Acute gut inflammation reduces neural activity and spine maturity in hippocampus but not basolateral amygdala. Sci Rep 2022; 12:20169. [PMID: 36418891 PMCID: PMC9684565 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-24245-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastrointestinal tract (gut) inflammation increases stress and threat-coping behaviors, which are associated with altered activity in fear-related neural circuits, such as the basolateral amygdala and hippocampus. It remains to be determined whether inflammation from the gut affects neural activity by altering dendritic spines. We hypothesized that acute inflammation alters dendritic spines in a brain region-specific manner. Here we show that acute gut inflammation (colitis) evoked by dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) did not affect the overall spine density in the CA1 region of hippocampus, but increased the relative proportion of immature spines to mature spines on basal dendrites of pyramidal neurons. In contrast, in animals with colitis, no changes in spine density or composition on dendrites of pyramidal cells was observed in the basolateral amygdala. Rather, we observed decreased spine density on dendrites of stellate neurons, but not the relative proportions of mature vs immature spines. We used cFos expression evoked by the forced swim task as a measure of neural activity during stress and found no effect of DSS on the density of cFos immunoreactive neurons in basolateral amygdala. In contrast, fewer CA1 neurons expressed cFos in mice with colitis, relative to controls. Furthermore, CA1 cFos expression negatively correlated with active stress-coping in the swim task and was negatively correlated with gut inflammation. These data reveal that the effects of acute gut inflammation on synaptic remodeling depend on brain region, neuronal phenotype, and dendrite location. In the hippocampus, a shift to immature spines and hypoactivity are more strongly related to colitis-evoked behavioral changes than is remodeling in basolateral amygdala.
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11
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Baldwin TA, Li Y, Marsden AN, Rinné S, Garza‐Carbajal A, Schindler RFR, Zhang M, Garcia MA, Venna VR, Decher N, Brand T, Dessauer CW. POPDC1 scaffolds a complex of adenylyl cyclase 9 and the potassium channel TREK-1 in heart. EMBO Rep 2022; 23:e55208. [PMID: 36254885 PMCID: PMC9724675 DOI: 10.15252/embr.202255208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Revised: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The establishment of macromolecular complexes by scaffolding proteins is key to the local production of cAMP by anchored adenylyl cyclase (AC) and the subsequent cAMP signaling necessary for cardiac functions. We identify a novel AC scaffold, the Popeye domain-containing (POPDC) protein. The POPDC family of proteins is important for cardiac pacemaking and conduction, due in part to their cAMP-dependent binding and regulation of TREK-1 potassium channels. We show that TREK-1 binds the AC9:POPDC1 complex and copurifies in a POPDC1-dependent manner with AC9 activity in heart. Although the AC9:POPDC1 interaction is cAMP-independent, TREK-1 association with AC9 and POPDC1 is reduced upon stimulation of the β-adrenergic receptor (βAR). AC9 activity is required for βAR reduction of TREK-1 complex formation with AC9:POPDC1 and in reversing POPDC1 enhancement of TREK-1 currents. Finally, deletion of the gene-encoding AC9 (Adcy9) gives rise to bradycardia at rest and stress-induced heart rate variability, a milder phenotype than the loss of Popdc1 but similar to the loss of Kcnk2 (TREK-1). Thus, POPDC1 represents a novel adaptor for AC9 interactions with TREK-1 to regulate heart rate control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanya A Baldwin
- Department Integrative Biology and PharmacologyMcGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science CenterHoustonTXUSA
| | - Yong Li
- Department Integrative Biology and PharmacologyMcGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science CenterHoustonTXUSA
| | - Autumn N Marsden
- Department Integrative Biology and PharmacologyMcGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science CenterHoustonTXUSA
| | - Susanne Rinné
- Institute for Physiology and Pathophysiology, Vegetative Physiology and Marburg Center for Mind, Brain and Behavior MCMBBPhilipps‐University of MarburgMarburgGermany
| | - Anibal Garza‐Carbajal
- Department Integrative Biology and PharmacologyMcGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science CenterHoustonTXUSA
| | | | - Musi Zhang
- Department Integrative Biology and PharmacologyMcGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science CenterHoustonTXUSA
| | - Mia A Garcia
- Department Integrative Biology and PharmacologyMcGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science CenterHoustonTXUSA
| | - Venugopal Reddy Venna
- Department NeurologyMcGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science CenterHoustonTXUSA
| | - Niels Decher
- Institute for Physiology and Pathophysiology, Vegetative Physiology and Marburg Center for Mind, Brain and Behavior MCMBBPhilipps‐University of MarburgMarburgGermany
| | - Thomas Brand
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College LondonLondonUK
| | - Carmen W Dessauer
- Department Integrative Biology and PharmacologyMcGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science CenterHoustonTXUSA
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12
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Prior episode of colitis impairs contextual fear memory. Mol Brain 2022; 15:74. [PMID: 36038926 PMCID: PMC9426209 DOI: 10.1186/s13041-022-00961-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Accumulating evidence has shown that intestinal inflammations in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) also drive pathological responses in organs outside the intestine, including the brain. Previous studies using the dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced colitis model have shown that colonic inflammation contributes to the development of anxiety- and depression-related behaviors; however, little is known about whether memory function is affected. Here, we subjected male and female C57BL/6J mice to DSS-induced colitis for 6 days, followed by Pavlovian conditioned fear (CF) tests 15 days after the start of inflammation, when local colonic inflammation has receded. The contextual and cued CF tests were used to assess associative fear memory. We found that DSS-induced colitis led to significant impairment in contextual fear memory in both male and female mice; on the other hand, auditory cued fear memories were comparable between control and DSS-treated mice. There were marked signs of astrogliosis in the hippocampal regions 17 days (D17) after colitis induction. Furthermore, molecular characterization of hippocampi showed marked but transient increases in the expression of inflammatory genes Nfkb, Trem2 (microglial marker), GFAP (astrocyte marker), Il1b, and S100a8 in DSS-treated mice. While the expression of Nfkb, Trem2, and GFAP showed a peak on day 10, the S100a8 expression was high on days 10 and 17 and subsided on day 42. Interestingly, expression of Bdnf remained elevated in the times assessed (D10, 17, 42). Together, these results demonstrated that DSS-induced colitis could induce prolonged neuroinflammation and impaired contextual fear memory.
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13
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Sudeep HV, Venkatakrishna K, Raj A, Reethi B, Shyamprasad K. Viphyllin™, a standardized extract from black pepper seeds, mitigates intestinal inflammation, oxidative stress, and anxiety-like behavior in DSS-induced colitis mice. J Food Biochem 2022; 46:e14306. [PMID: 35766031 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.14306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Revised: 05/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) are the common health concern in populations across the world. Clinical evidence suggests that IBD, characterized by intestinal inflammation, is associated with neuronal manifestations to a greater extent. In this study, we have investigated the protective effects of Viphyllin™, a standardized black pepper (Piper nigrum) seed extract containing 30% β-caryophyllene against dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced colitis in mice. Oral pretreatment of Viphyllin at the 50 mg and 100 mg/kg doses significantly reversed the clinical symptoms of colitis in mice. Viphyllin markedly inhibited NLRP3 inflammasome activation and improved barrier function in colon tissue. Viphyllin further mitigated the DSS-induced anxiety-like behavior in mice. Interestingly, Viphyllin improved brain antioxidant status and promoted neuronal cell survival in colitis model mice. In conclusion, our findings strongly support the health claims of Viphyllin as a functional ingredient to deal with IBD and related neuronal symptoms. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: Prevalence of inflammatory bowel diseases is not uncommon in the modern lifestyle. Gut health is associated with neurological disorders that contribute substantially to the deterioration of quality of life and socioeconomic development. In this research work, the protective action of a black pepper seed extract standardized to 30% β-caryophyllene (Viphyllin) is evaluated against Dextran sodium sulfate-induced experimental colitis model. Here we have demonstrated the beneficial role of Viphyllin in mitigating intestinal inflammation as a function of NLRP3 inflammasome inhibition. Further, the extract improves intestinal barrier function. In an important aspect of the study, we have provided the data on the effect of Viphyllin on neurological symptoms and brain health in colitis model mice.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Amritha Raj
- R&D Center for Excellence, Vidya Herbs Pvt Ltd., Bangalore, India
| | - Budanuru Reethi
- R&D Center for Excellence, Vidya Herbs Pvt Ltd., Bangalore, India
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14
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Acute Colon Inflammation Triggers Primary Motor Cortex Glial Activation, Neuroinflammation, Neuronal Hyperexcitability, and Motor Coordination Deficits. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23105347. [PMID: 35628158 PMCID: PMC9141031 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23105347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Revised: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Neuroinflammation underlies neurodegenerative diseases. Herein, we test whether acute colon inflammation activates microglia and astrocytes, induces neuroinflammation, disturbs neuron intrinsic electrical properties in the primary motor cortex, and alters motor behaviors. We used a rat model of acute colon inflammation induced by dextran sulfate sodium. Inflammatory mediators and microglial activation were assessed in the primary motor cortex by PCR and immunofluorescence assays. Electrophysiological properties of the motor cortex neurons were determined by whole-cell patch-clamp recordings. Motor behaviors were examined using open-field and rotarod tests. We show that the primary motor cortex of rats with acute colon inflammation exhibited microglial and astrocyte activation and increased mRNA abundance of interleukin-6, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, and both inducible and neuronal nitric oxide synthases. These changes were accompanied by a reduction in resting membrane potential and rheobase and increased input resistance and action potential frequency, indicating motor neuron hyperexcitability. In addition, locomotion and motor coordination were impaired. In conclusion, acute colon inflammation induces motor cortex microglial and astrocyte activation and inflammation, which led to neurons’ hyperexcitability and reduced motor coordination performance. The described disturbances resembled some of the early features found in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis patients and animal models, suggesting that colon inflammation might be a risk factor for developing this disease.
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15
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Vicentini FA, Szamosi JC, Rossi L, Griffin L, Nieves K, Bihan D, Lewis IA, Pittman QJ, Swain MG, Surette MG, Hirota SA, Sharkey KA. Colitis-associated microbiota drives changes in behaviour in male mice in the absence of inflammation. Brain Behav Immun 2022; 102:266-278. [PMID: 35259427 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2022.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Revised: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) are chronic inflammatory conditions of the gastrointestinal tract. IBD are associated with a high prevalence of cognitive, behavioural and emotional comorbidities, including anxiety and depression. The link between IBD and the development of behavioural comorbidities is poorly understood. As the intestinal microbiota profoundly influences host behaviour, we sought to determine whether the altered gut microbiota associated with intestinal inflammation contributes to the development of behavioural abnormalities. Using the dextran sulphate sodium (DSS) model of colitis, we characterized intestinal inflammation, behaviour (elevated plus maze and tail suspension test) and the composition of the microbiota in male mice. Cecal contents from colitic mice were transferred into germ-free (GF) or antibiotic (Abx)-treated mice, and behaviour was characterized in recipient mice. Gene expression was measured using qPCR. DSS colitis was characterized by a significant reduction in body weight and an increase in colonic inflammatory markers. These changes were accompanied by increased anxiety-like behaviour, an altered gut microbiota composition, and increased central Tnf expression. Transfer of the cecal matter from colitic mice induced similar behavioural changes in both GF and Abx-treated recipient mice, with no signs of colonic or neuroinflammation. Upon characterization of the microbiota in donor and recipient mice, specific taxa were found to be associated with behavioural changes, notably members of the Lachnospiraceae family. Behavioural abnormalities associated with intestinal inflammation are transmissible via transfer of cecal matter, suggesting that alterations in the composition of the gut microbiota play a key role in driving behavioural changes in colitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando A Vicentini
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada; Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada; Inflammation Research Network, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada; Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Jake C Szamosi
- Farncombe Family Digestive Health Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Laura Rossi
- Farncombe Family Digestive Health Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Lateece Griffin
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada; Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Kristoff Nieves
- Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada; Inflammation Research Network, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada; Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Dominique Bihan
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Ian A Lewis
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Quentin J Pittman
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada; Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada; Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada; Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Mark G Swain
- Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada; Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Michael G Surette
- Farncombe Family Digestive Health Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Simon A Hirota
- Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada; Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada; Inflammation Research Network, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada; Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Keith A Sharkey
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada; Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada; Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.
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16
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Cluny NL, Nyuyki KD, Almishri W, Griffin L, Lee BH, Hirota SA, Pittman QJ, Swain MG, Sharkey KA. Recruitment of α4β7 monocytes and neutrophils to the brain in experimental colitis is associated with elevated cytokines and anxiety-like behavior. J Neuroinflammation 2022; 19:73. [PMID: 35379260 PMCID: PMC8981853 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-022-02431-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Behavioral comorbidities, such as anxiety and depression, are a prominent feature of IBD. The signals from the inflamed gut that cause changes in the brain leading to these behavioral comorbidities remain to be fully elucidated. We tested the hypothesis that enhanced leukocyte–cerebral endothelial cell interactions occur in the brain in experimental colitis, mediated by α4β7 integrin, to initiate neuroimmune activation and anxiety-like behavior. Methods Female mice treated with dextran sodium sulfate were studied at the peak of acute colitis. Circulating leukocyte populations were determined using flow cytometry. Leukocyte–cerebral endothelial cell interactions were examined using intravital microscopy in mice treated with anti-integrin antibodies. Brain cytokine and chemokines were assessed using a multiplex assay in animals treated with anti-α4β7 integrin. Anxiety-like behavior was assessed using an elevated plus maze in animals after treatment with an intracerebroventricular injection of interleukin 1 receptor antagonist. Results The proportion of classical monocytes expressing α4β7 integrin was increased in peripheral blood of mice with colitis. An increase in the number of rolling and adherent leukocytes on cerebral endothelial cells was observed, the majority of which were neutrophils. Treatment with anti-α4β7 integrin significantly reduced the number of rolling leukocytes. After anti-Ly6C treatment to deplete monocytes, the number of rolling and adhering neutrophils was significantly reduced in mice with colitis. Interleukin-1β and CCL2 levels were elevated in the brain and treatment with anti-α4β7 significantly reduced them. Enhanced anxiety-like behavior in mice with colitis was reversed by treatment with interleukin 1 receptor antagonist. Conclusions In experimental colitis, α4β7 integrin-expressing monocytes direct the recruitment of neutrophils to the cerebral vasculature, leading to elevated cytokine levels. Increased interleukin-1β mediates anxiety-like behavior. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12974-022-02431-z.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina L Cluny
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.,Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.,Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, 3330 Hospital Drive NW, Calgary, AB, T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - Kewir D Nyuyki
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.,Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.,Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, 3330 Hospital Drive NW, Calgary, AB, T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - Wagdi Almishri
- Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.,Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Lateece Griffin
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.,Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.,Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, 3330 Hospital Drive NW, Calgary, AB, T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - Benjamin H Lee
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.,Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.,Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, 3330 Hospital Drive NW, Calgary, AB, T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - Simon A Hirota
- Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.,Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, 3330 Hospital Drive NW, Calgary, AB, T2N 4N1, Canada.,Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Quentin J Pittman
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.,Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.,Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, 3330 Hospital Drive NW, Calgary, AB, T2N 4N1, Canada.,Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Mark G Swain
- Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.,Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Keith A Sharkey
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada. .,Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada. .,Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, 3330 Hospital Drive NW, Calgary, AB, T2N 4N1, Canada.
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17
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Kundu P, Stagaman K, Kasschau K, Holden S, Shulzhenko N, Sharpton TJ, Raber J. Fecal Implants From App NL-G-F and App NL-G-F/E4 Donor Mice Sufficient to Induce Behavioral Phenotypes in Germ-Free Mice. Front Behav Neurosci 2022; 16:791128. [PMID: 35210996 PMCID: PMC8860839 DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2022.791128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The gut microbiome and the gut brain axis are potential determinants of Alzheimer's disease (AD) etiology or severity and gut microbiota might coordinate with the gut-brain axis to regulate behavioral phenotypes in AD mouse models. Using 6-month-old human amyloid precursor protein (hAPP) knock-in (KI) mice, which contain the Swedish and Iberian mutations [APP NL-F (App NL-F)] or the Arctic mutation as third mutation [APP NL-G-F (App NL-G-F)], behavioral and cognitive performance is associated with the gut microbiome and APP genotype modulates this association. In this study, we determined the feasibility of behavioral testing of mice in a biosafety cabinet and whether stool from 6-month-old App NL-G-F mice or App NL-G-F crossed with human apoE4 targeted replacement mice is sufficient to induce behavioral phenotypes in 4-5 month-old germ-free C57BL/6J mice 4 weeks following inoculation. We also compared the behavioral phenotypes of the recipient mice with that of the donor mice. Finally, we assessed cortical Aβ levels and analyzed the gut microbiome in the recipient mice. These results show that it is feasible to behaviorally test germ-free mice inside a biosafety cabinet. However, the host genotype was critical in modulating the pattern of induced behavioral phenotypes as compared to those seen in the genotype- and sex-match donor mice. Male mice that received stool from App NL-G-F and App NL-G-F/E4 donor genotypes tended to have lower body weight as compared to wild type, an effect not observed among donor mice. Additionally, App NL-G-F/E4 recipient males, but not females, showed impaired object recognition. Insoluble Aβ40 levels were detected in App NL-G-F and App NL-G-F/E4 recipient mice. Recipients of App NL-G-F, but not App NL-G-F/E4, donor mice carried cortical insoluble Aβ40 levels that positively correlated with activity levels on the first and second day of open field testing. For recipient mice, the interaction between donor genotype and several behavioral scores predicted gut microbiome alpha-diversity. Similarly, two behavioral performance scores predicted microbiome composition in recipient mice, but this association was dependent on the donor genotype. These data suggest that genotypes of the donor and recipient might need to be considered for developing novel therapeutic strategies targeting the gut microbiome in AD and other neurodegenerative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Payel Kundu
- Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, United States
| | - Keaton Stagaman
- Department of Microbiology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, United States
| | - Kristin Kasschau
- Department of Microbiology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, United States
| | - Sarah Holden
- Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, United States
| | - Natalia Shulzhenko
- Carlson College of Veterinary Medicine, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, United States
| | - Thomas J. Sharpton
- Department of Microbiology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, United States
- Department of Statistics, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, United States
| | - Jacob Raber
- Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, United States
- Division of Neuroscience ONPRC, Department of Neurology, Psychiatry, and Radiation Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, United States
- College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, United States
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18
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Matisz C, Gruber A. Neuroinflammatory remodeling of the anterior cingulate cortex as a key driver of mood disorders in gastrointestinal disease and disorders. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2022; 133:104497. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2021.12.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2020] [Revised: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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19
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Talley S, Valiauga R, Anderson L, Cannon AR, Choudhry MA, Campbell EM. DSS-induced inflammation in the colon drives a proinflammatory signature in the brain that is ameliorated by prophylactic treatment with the S100A9 inhibitor paquinimod. J Neuroinflammation 2021; 18:263. [PMID: 34758843 PMCID: PMC8578918 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-021-02317-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is established to drive pathological sequelae in organ systems outside the intestine, including the central nervous system (CNS). Many patients exhibit cognitive deficits, particularly during disease flare. The connection between colonic inflammation and neuroinflammation remains unclear and characterization of the neuroinflammatory phenotype in the brain during colitis is ill-defined. Methods Transgenic mice expressing a bioluminescent reporter of active caspase-1 were treated with 2% dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) for 7 days to induce acute colitis, and colonic, systemic and neuroinflammation were assessed. In some experiments, mice were prophylactically treated with paquinimod (ABR-215757) to inhibit S100A9 inflammatory signaling. As a positive control for peripheral-induced neuroinflammation, mice were injected with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Colonic, systemic and brain inflammatory cytokines and chemokines were measured by cytokine bead array (CBA) and Proteome profiler mouse cytokine array. Bioluminescence was quantified in the brain and caspase activation was confirmed by immunoblot. Immune cell infiltration into the CNS was measured by flow cytometry, while light sheet microscopy was used to monitor changes in resident microglia localization in intact brains during DSS or LPS-induced neuroinflammation. RNA sequencing was performed to identify transcriptomic changes occurring in the CNS of DSS-treated mice. Expression of inflammatory biomarkers were quantified in the brain and serum by qRT-PCR, ELISA and WB. Results DSS-treated mice exhibited clinical hallmarks of colitis, including weight loss, colonic shortening and inflammation in the colon. We also detected a significant increase in inflammatory cytokines in the serum and brain, as well as caspase and microglia activation in the brain of mice with ongoing colitis. RNA sequencing of brains isolated from DSS-treated mice revealed differential expression of genes involved in the regulation of inflammatory responses. This inflammatory phenotype was similar to the signature detected in LPS-treated mice, albeit less robust and transient, as inflammatory gene expression returned to baseline following cessation of DSS. Pharmacological inhibition of S100A9, one of the transcripts identified by RNA sequencing, attenuated colitis severity and systemic and neuroinflammation. Conclusions Our findings suggest that local inflammation in the colon drives systemic inflammation and neuroinflammation, and this can be ameliorated by inhibition of the S100 alarmin, S100A9. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12974-021-02317-6.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Talley
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL, USA
| | - Rasa Valiauga
- Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL, USA
| | - Lillian Anderson
- Alcohol Research Program, Burn and Shock Trauma Research Institute, Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University Chicago Health Science Division, Maywood, IL, USA
| | - Abigail R Cannon
- Alcohol Research Program, Burn and Shock Trauma Research Institute, Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University Chicago Health Science Division, Maywood, IL, USA
| | - Mashkoor A Choudhry
- Alcohol Research Program, Burn and Shock Trauma Research Institute, Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University Chicago Health Science Division, Maywood, IL, USA
| | - Edward M Campbell
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL, USA. .,Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL, USA.
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20
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Carloni S, Bertocchi A, Mancinelli S, Bellini M, Erreni M, Borreca A, Braga D, Giugliano S, Mozzarelli AM, Manganaro D, Fernandez Perez D, Colombo F, Di Sabatino A, Pasini D, Penna G, Matteoli M, Lodato S, Rescigno M. Identification of a choroid plexus vascular barrier closing during intestinal inflammation. Science 2021; 374:439-448. [PMID: 34672740 DOI: 10.1126/science.abc6108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 132] [Impact Index Per Article: 44.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
[Figure: see text].
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Carloni
- Humanitas University, Department of Biomedical Sciences, 20072 Pieve Emanuele (Milan), Italy.,IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, 20089 Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Alice Bertocchi
- IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, 20089 Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Sara Mancinelli
- Humanitas University, Department of Biomedical Sciences, 20072 Pieve Emanuele (Milan), Italy.,IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, 20089 Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Martina Bellini
- Humanitas University, Department of Biomedical Sciences, 20072 Pieve Emanuele (Milan), Italy.,IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, 20089 Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Marco Erreni
- Humanitas University, Department of Biomedical Sciences, 20072 Pieve Emanuele (Milan), Italy.,IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, 20089 Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Antonella Borreca
- IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, 20089 Rozzano, Milan, Italy.,Institute of Neuroscience, National Research Council, c/o Humanitas Research Hospital, 20089 Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Daniele Braga
- IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, 20089 Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Alessandro M Mozzarelli
- Humanitas University, Department of Biomedical Sciences, 20072 Pieve Emanuele (Milan), Italy.,IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, 20089 Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Daria Manganaro
- Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology (IEO), IRCCS, 20139 Milan, Italy
| | - Daniel Fernandez Perez
- Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology (IEO), IRCCS, 20139 Milan, Italy
| | | | - Antonio Di Sabatino
- Department of Internal Medicine, San Matteo Hospital Foundation, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Diego Pasini
- Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology (IEO), IRCCS, 20139 Milan, Italy.,Department of Health Sciences, University of Milan, 20142 Milan, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Penna
- IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, 20089 Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Michela Matteoli
- IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, 20089 Rozzano, Milan, Italy.,Institute of Neuroscience, National Research Council, c/o Humanitas Research Hospital, 20089 Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Simona Lodato
- Humanitas University, Department of Biomedical Sciences, 20072 Pieve Emanuele (Milan), Italy.,IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, 20089 Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Maria Rescigno
- Humanitas University, Department of Biomedical Sciences, 20072 Pieve Emanuele (Milan), Italy.,IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, 20089 Rozzano, Milan, Italy
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21
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Tang Y, Kline KT, Zhong XS, Xiao Y, Lian H, Peng J, Liu X, Powell DW, Tang G, Li Q. Chronic colitis upregulates microRNAs suppressing brain-derived neurotrophic factor in the adult heart. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0257280. [PMID: 34543287 PMCID: PMC8452076 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0257280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 08/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease are classified as chronic inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) with known extraintestinal manifestations. The interplay between heart and gut in IBD has previously been noted, but the mechanisms remain elusive. Our objective was to identify microRNAs mediating molecular remodeling and resulting cardiac impairment in a rat model of colitis. To induce chronic colitis, dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) was given to adult rats for 5 days followed by 9 days with normal drinking water for 4 cycles over 8 weeks. Echocardiography was performed to evaluate heart function. DSS-induced colitis led to a significant decrease in ejection fraction, increased left ventricular mass and size, and elevated B-type natriuretic protein. MicroRNA profiling showed a total of 56 miRNAs significantly increased in the heart by colitis, 8 of which are predicted to target brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). RT-qPCR validated the increases of miR-1b, Let-7d, and miR-155. Transient transfection revealed that miR-155 significantly suppresses BDNF in H9c2 cells. Importantly, DSS colitis markedly decreased BDNF in both myocardium and serum. Levels of various proteins critical to cardiac homeostasis were also altered. Functional studies showed that BDNF increases cell viability and mitigates H2O2-induced oxidative damage in H9c2 cells, demonstrating its protective role in the adult heart. Mechanistically, cellular experiments identified IL-1β as the inflammatory mediator upregulating cardiac miR-155; this effect was confirmed in adult rats. Furthermore, IL-1β neutralizing antibody ameliorated the DSS-induced increase in miR-155 and concurrent decrease in BDNF in the adult heart, showing therapeutic potential. Our findings indicate that chronic colitis impairs heart function through an IL-1β→miR-155→BDNF signaling axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanbo Tang
- Department of Gastroenterology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Kevin T. Kline
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, TX, United States of America
| | - Xiaoying S. Zhong
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, TX, United States of America
| | - Ying Xiao
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, TX, United States of America
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Haifeng Lian
- Department of Gastroenterology, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, China
| | - Jun Peng
- Department of Pharmacology, Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xiaowei Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Don W. Powell
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, TX, United States of America
| | - Guodu Tang
- Department of Gastroenterology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Qingjie Li
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, TX, United States of America
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22
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Moughnyeh MM, Brawner KM, Kennedy BA, Yeramilli VA, Udayakumar N, Graham JA, Martin CA. Stress and the Gut-Brain Axis: Implications for Cancer, Inflammation and Sepsis. J Surg Res 2021; 266:336-344. [PMID: 34062291 DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2021.02.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2020] [Revised: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 02/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The gut-brain axis has been discussed, directly or indirectly, for centuries, with the ideas of the gut affecting anything from moods to overall physiology being discussed across the centuries. With a recent explosion in research that looks to the microbiota as a mechanistic link between the gut and the brain, one sees that the gut-brain axis has various means of communication, such as through the vagus nerve and the enteric nervous system and can use the metabolites in the gut to communicate to the brain. METHODS The purpose of this review is to view the gut-brain axis through the lens of stress and how stress, from the prenatal period all the way through adulthood can impact the physiology of a human being. Studies have shown multiple mechanisms of measurable change with disruption in the microbiota that lead to behavioral changes. There are also effects of gut inflammation on the brain and the corresponding systemic response observed. CONCLUSION The overall literature is encouraging that the more understanding of the gut-brain axis, the greater ability to wield that understanding for therapeutic benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamad M Moughnyeh
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| | - Kyle M Brawner
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| | - Bethany A Kennedy
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| | - Venkata A Yeramilli
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| | - Neha Udayakumar
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| | - Jessica A Graham
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| | - Colin A Martin
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL.
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23
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Dey R, Bishayi B. Ciprofloxacin and dexamethasone in combination attenuate S. aureus induced brain abscess via neuroendocrine-immune interaction of TLR-2 and glucocorticoid receptor leading to behavioral improvement. Int Immunopharmacol 2021; 97:107695. [PMID: 33962227 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2021.107695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2021] [Revised: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 04/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Staphylococcus aureus induced brain abscess is a critical health concern throughout the developing world. The conventional surgical intervention could not regulate the abscess-induced brain inflammation. Thus further study over the alternative therapeutic strategy for treating a brain abscess is of high priority. The resident glial cells recognize the invading S. aureus by their cell surface Toll-like receptor-2 (TLR-2). Glucocorticoid receptor (GR) was known for its immunosuppressive effects. In this study, an attempt had been taken to utilize the functional relationship or cross-talking between TLR-2 and GR during the pathogenesis of brain abscesses. Here, the combination of an antibiotic (i.e. ciprofloxacin) and dexamethasone was used to regulate the brain inflammation either in TLR-2 or GR blocking condition. We were also interested to figure out the possible impact of alternative therapy on behavioral impairments. The results indicated that combination treatment during TLR-2 blockade significantly reduced the bacterial burden and abscess area score in the infected brain. However, marked improvements were observed in anxiety, depression-like behavior, and motor co-ordination. The combination treatment after TLR-2 blocking effectively scavenged free radicals (H2O2, superoxide anion, and NO) through modulating antioxidant enzyme activities that ultimately control S. aureus induced glial reactivity possibly via up-regulating GR expression. The exogenous dexamethasone might regulate the GR expression in the brain by increasing the corticosterone concentration and the GC-GR mediated signaling. Therefore, this in-vivo study demonstrates the possible regulatory mechanism of bacterial brain abscess that involved TLR-2 and GR as a part of neuroendocrine-immune interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajen Dey
- Department of Physiology, Immunology Laboratory, University of Calcutta, University Colleges of Science and Technology, Calcutta, West Bengal, India
| | - Biswadev Bishayi
- Department of Physiology, Immunology Laboratory, University of Calcutta, University Colleges of Science and Technology, Calcutta, West Bengal, India.
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24
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Gampierakis IA, Koutmani Y, Semitekolou M, Morianos I, Polissidis A, Katsouda A, Charalampopoulos I, Xanthou G, Gravanis A, Karalis KP. Hippocampal neural stem cells and microglia response to experimental inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Mol Psychiatry 2021; 26:1248-1263. [PMID: 31969694 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-020-0651-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2018] [Revised: 11/26/2019] [Accepted: 11/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), including Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC), is a disease associated with dysbiosis, resulting in compromised intestinal epithelial barrier and chronic mucosal inflammation. Patients with IBD present with increased incidence of psychiatric disorders and cognitive impairment. Hippocampus is a brain region where adult neurogenesis occurs with functional implications in mood control and cognition. Using a well-established model of experimental colitis based on the administration of dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) in the drinking water, we sought to characterize the short and long-term effects of colitis on neurogenesis and glia responses in the hippocampus. We show that acute DSS colitis enhanced neurogenesis but with deficits in cell cycle kinetics of proliferating progenitors in the hippocampus. Chronic DSS colitis was characterized by normal levels of neurogenesis but with deficits in the migration and integration of newborn neurons in the functional circuitry of the DG. Notably, we found that acute DSS colitis-induced enhanced infiltration of the hippocampus with macrophages and inflammatory myeloid cells from the periphery, along with elevated frequencies of inflammatory M1-like microglia and increased release of pro-inflammatory cytokines. In contrast, increased percentages of tissue-repairing M2-like microglia, along with elevated levels of the anti-inflammatory cytokine, IL-10 were observed in the hippocampus during chronic DSS colitis. These findings uncover key effects of acute and chronic experimental colitis on adult hippocampal neurogenesis and innate immune cell responses, highlighting the potential mechanisms underlying cognitive and mood dysfunction in patients with IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioannis-Alexandros Gampierakis
- Center for Experimental Surgery, Clinical and Translational Research, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Yassemi Koutmani
- Center for Experimental Surgery, Clinical and Translational Research, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Maria Semitekolou
- Cellular Immunology Laboratory, Center for Basic Research, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Ioannis Morianos
- Cellular Immunology Laboratory, Center for Basic Research, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Alexia Polissidis
- Center for Experimental Surgery, Clinical and Translational Research, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Antonia Katsouda
- Center for Experimental Surgery, Clinical and Translational Research, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece
- School of Pharmacy, University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Ioannis Charalampopoulos
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
- Institute of Molecular Biology & Biotechnology (IMBB), Foundation of Research & Technology Hellas (FORTH), Heraklion, Greece
| | - Georgina Xanthou
- Cellular Immunology Laboratory, Center for Basic Research, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Achille Gravanis
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
- Institute of Molecular Biology & Biotechnology (IMBB), Foundation of Research & Technology Hellas (FORTH), Heraklion, Greece
| | - Katia P Karalis
- Center for Experimental Surgery, Clinical and Translational Research, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece.
- Emulate, Inc., 27 Drydock Avenue, Boston, MA, 02210, USA.
- Endocrine Division, Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
- Institute for Fundamental Biomedical Research, Biomedical Science Research Centre "Alexander Fleming", Athens, Greece.
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25
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Vecchiarelli HA, Morena M, Keenan CM, Chiang V, Tan K, Qiao M, Leitl K, Santori A, Pittman QJ, Sharkey KA, Hill MN. Comorbid anxiety-like behavior in a rat model of colitis is mediated by an upregulation of corticolimbic fatty acid amide hydrolase. Neuropsychopharmacology 2021; 46:992-1003. [PMID: 33452437 PMCID: PMC8115350 DOI: 10.1038/s41386-020-00939-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Revised: 11/11/2020] [Accepted: 12/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Peripheral inflammatory conditions, including those localized to the gastrointestinal tract, are highly comorbid with psychiatric disorders such as anxiety and depression. These behavioral symptoms are poorly managed by conventional treatments for inflammatory diseases and contribute to quality of life impairments. Peripheral inflammation is associated with sustained elevations in circulating glucocorticoid hormones, which can modulate central processes, including those involved in the regulation of emotional behavior. The endocannabinoid (eCB) system is exquisitely sensitive to these hormonal changes and is a significant regulator of emotional behavior. The impact of peripheral inflammation on central eCB function, and whether this is related to the development of these behavioral comorbidities remains to be determined. To examine this, we employed the trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid-induced model of colonic inflammation (colitis) in adult, male, Sprague Dawley rats to produce sustained peripheral inflammation. Colitis produced increases in behavioral measures of anxiety and elevations in circulating corticosterone. These alterations were accompanied by elevated hydrolytic activity of the enzyme fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH), which hydrolyzes the eCB anandamide (AEA), throughout multiple corticolimbic brain regions. This elevation of FAAH activity was associated with broad reductions in the content of AEA, whose decline was driven by central corticotropin releasing factor type 1 receptor signaling. Colitis-induced anxiety was reversed following acute central inhibition of FAAH, suggesting that the reductions in AEA produced by colitis contributed to the generation of anxiety. These data provide a novel perspective for the pharmacological management of psychiatric comorbidities of chronic inflammatory conditions through modulation of eCB signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haley A. Vecchiarelli
- grid.22072.350000 0004 1936 7697Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N4N1 Canada ,grid.22072.350000 0004 1936 7697Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N4N1 Canada ,grid.22072.350000 0004 1936 7697Mathison Centre for Mental Health Research and Education, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N4N1 Canada
| | - Maria Morena
- grid.22072.350000 0004 1936 7697Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N4N1 Canada ,grid.22072.350000 0004 1936 7697Mathison Centre for Mental Health Research and Education, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N4N1 Canada ,grid.22072.350000 0004 1936 7697Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N4N1 Canada ,grid.22072.350000 0004 1936 7697Department of Psychiatry, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N4N1 Canada
| | - Catherine M. Keenan
- grid.22072.350000 0004 1936 7697Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N4N1 Canada ,grid.22072.350000 0004 1936 7697Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N4N1 Canada ,grid.22072.350000 0004 1936 7697Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N4N1 Canada
| | - Vincent Chiang
- grid.22072.350000 0004 1936 7697Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N4N1 Canada ,grid.22072.350000 0004 1936 7697Mathison Centre for Mental Health Research and Education, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N4N1 Canada ,grid.22072.350000 0004 1936 7697Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N4N1 Canada ,grid.22072.350000 0004 1936 7697Department of Psychiatry, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N4N1 Canada
| | - Kaitlyn Tan
- grid.22072.350000 0004 1936 7697Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N4N1 Canada ,grid.22072.350000 0004 1936 7697Mathison Centre for Mental Health Research and Education, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N4N1 Canada ,grid.22072.350000 0004 1936 7697Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N4N1 Canada ,grid.22072.350000 0004 1936 7697Department of Psychiatry, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N4N1 Canada
| | - Min Qiao
- grid.22072.350000 0004 1936 7697Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N4N1 Canada ,grid.22072.350000 0004 1936 7697Mathison Centre for Mental Health Research and Education, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N4N1 Canada ,grid.22072.350000 0004 1936 7697Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N4N1 Canada ,grid.22072.350000 0004 1936 7697Department of Psychiatry, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N4N1 Canada
| | - Kira Leitl
- grid.22072.350000 0004 1936 7697Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N4N1 Canada ,grid.22072.350000 0004 1936 7697Mathison Centre for Mental Health Research and Education, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N4N1 Canada ,grid.22072.350000 0004 1936 7697Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N4N1 Canada ,grid.22072.350000 0004 1936 7697Department of Psychiatry, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N4N1 Canada
| | - Alessia Santori
- grid.22072.350000 0004 1936 7697Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N4N1 Canada ,grid.22072.350000 0004 1936 7697Mathison Centre for Mental Health Research and Education, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N4N1 Canada ,grid.22072.350000 0004 1936 7697Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N4N1 Canada ,grid.22072.350000 0004 1936 7697Department of Psychiatry, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N4N1 Canada
| | - Quentin J. Pittman
- grid.22072.350000 0004 1936 7697Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N4N1 Canada ,grid.22072.350000 0004 1936 7697Mathison Centre for Mental Health Research and Education, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N4N1 Canada ,grid.22072.350000 0004 1936 7697Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N4N1 Canada ,grid.22072.350000 0004 1936 7697Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N4N1 Canada
| | - Keith A. Sharkey
- grid.22072.350000 0004 1936 7697Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N4N1 Canada ,grid.22072.350000 0004 1936 7697Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N4N1 Canada ,grid.22072.350000 0004 1936 7697Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N4N1 Canada
| | - Matthew N. Hill
- grid.22072.350000 0004 1936 7697Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N4N1 Canada ,grid.22072.350000 0004 1936 7697Mathison Centre for Mental Health Research and Education, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N4N1 Canada ,grid.22072.350000 0004 1936 7697Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N4N1 Canada ,grid.22072.350000 0004 1936 7697Department of Psychiatry, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N4N1 Canada
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26
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Rudjito R, Agalave NM, Farinotti AB, Lundbäck P, Szabo-Pardi TA, Price TJ, Harris HE, Burton MD, Svensson CI. Sex- and cell-dependent contribution of peripheral high mobility group box 1 and TLR4 in arthritis-induced pain. Pain 2021; 162:459-470. [PMID: 32796317 PMCID: PMC7808351 DOI: 10.1097/j.pain.0000000000002034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2020] [Revised: 07/12/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Spinal high mobility group box 1 protein (HMGB1) plays crucial roles in arthritis-induced pain; however, the involvement of peripheral HMGB1 has not been examined previously. In this study, we addressed the role of peripheral HMGB1 and explored if sex contributes differentially to nociception in arthritis. We found Hmgb1 expression to be elevated in the ankle joints of male and female mice subjected to collagen antibody-induced arthritis. Blocking the action of peripheral HMGB1, however, only reversed collagen antibody-induced arthritis-mediated hypersensitivity in males. Intra-articular injection of the toll-like receptor (TLR)4-activating, partially reduced disulfide, but not the fully reduced all-thiol, HMGB1 evoked mechanical hypersensitivity in both sexes. A sex-dependent temporal profile in expression of inflammatory factors in the ankle joint was observed in response to intra-articular injection of disulfide HMGB1, with male mice showing a delayed, yet longer-lasting increase in mRNA levels for several of the investigated factors. Intra-articular HMGB1 did not induce cellular infiltration in the ankle joint suggesting its action on tissue resident cells. To further explore possible sex differences in cellular involvement, we used the macrophage inhibitor, minocycline, and mice with specific TLR4 depletion in myeloid cells or nociceptors. We found that inhibition of resident macrophages attenuated HMGB1-induced pain-like behavior only in male mice. Interestingly, although the contribution of TLR4 on myeloid cells to nociception was minimal in females compared to males, TLR4 on nociceptors are important for HMGB1-induced pain in both sexes. Collectively, our work highlights sex- and cellular location-dependent roles of HMGB1 and TLR4 in peripheral pain mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Resti Rudjito
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Nilesh M. Agalave
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Neuroscience,Neuroimmunology and Behavior Group, School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX, United States
| | - Alex Bersellini Farinotti
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Peter Lundbäck
- Department of Medicine, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Thomas A. Szabo-Pardi
- Department of Neuroscience,Neuroimmunology and Behavior Group, School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX, United States
| | - Theodore J. Price
- Department of Neuroscience, Pain Neurobiology Research Group, School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX, United States
| | | | - Michael D. Burton
- Department of Neuroscience,Neuroimmunology and Behavior Group, School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX, United States
| | - Camilla I. Svensson
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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27
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Brenner L, Zerlin L, Tan LL. Functional disruption of cortical cingulate activity attenuates visceral hypersensitivity and anxiety induced by acute experimental colitis. Sci Rep 2021; 11:2103. [PMID: 33483524 PMCID: PMC7822936 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-81256-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Visceral pain is a highly complex experience and is the most common pathological feature in patients suffering from inflammatory gastrointestinal disorders. Whilst it is increasingly recognized that aberrant neural processing within the gut-brain axis plays a key role in development of neurological symptoms, the underlying mechanisms remain largely unknown. Here, we investigated the cortical activation patterns and effects of non-invasive chemogenetic suppression of cortical activity on visceral hypersensitivity and anxiety-related phenotypes in a well-characterized mouse model of acute colitis induced by dextran sulfate sodium (DSS). We found that within the widespread cortical network, the mid-cingulate cortex (MCC) was consistently highly activated in response to innocuous and noxious mechanical stimulation of the colon. Furthermore, during acute experimental colitis, impairing the activity of the MCC successfully alleviated visceral hypersensitivity, anxiety-like behaviors and visceromotor responses to colorectal distensions (CRDs) via downregulating the excitability of the posterior insula (PI), somatosensory and the rostral anterior cingulate cortices (rACC), but not the prefrontal or anterior insula cortices. These results provide a mechanistic insight into the central cortical circuits underlying painful visceral manifestations and implicate MCC plasticity as a putative target in cingulate-mediated therapies for bowel disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukas Brenner
- Institute of Pharmacology, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 366, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Leah Zerlin
- Institute of Pharmacology, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 366, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Linette Liqi Tan
- Institute of Pharmacology, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 366, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.
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28
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Peppas S, Pansieri C, Piovani D, Danese S, Peyrin-Biroulet L, Tsantes AG, Brunetta E, Tsantes AE, Bonovas S. The Brain-Gut Axis: Psychological Functioning and Inflammatory Bowel Diseases. J Clin Med 2021; 10:377. [PMID: 33498197 PMCID: PMC7863941 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10030377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2020] [Revised: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The brain-gut axis represents a complex bi-directional system comprising multiple interconnections between the neuroendocrine pathways, the autonomous nervous system and the gastrointestinal tract. Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), comprising Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis, is a chronic, relapsing-remitting inflammatory disorder of the gastrointestinal tract with a multifactorial etiology. Depression and anxiety are prevalent among patients with chronic disorders characterized by a strong immune component, such as diabetes mellitus, cancer, multiple sclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis and IBD. Although psychological problems are an important aspect of morbidity and of impaired quality of life in patients with IBD, depression and anxiety continue to be under-diagnosed. There is lack of evidence regarding the exact mechanisms by which depression, anxiety and cognitive dysfunction may occur in these patients, and whether psychological disorders are the result of disease activity or determinants of the IBD occurrence. In this comprehensive review, we summarize the role of the brain-gut axis in the psychological functioning of patients with IBD, and discuss current preclinical and clinical data on the topic and therapeutic strategies potentially useful for the clinical management of these patients. Personalized pathways of psychological supports are needed to improve the quality of life in patients with IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Spyros Peppas
- Department of Gastroenterology, Athens Naval Hospital, 11521 Athens, Greece;
| | - Claudia Pansieri
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, 20090 Milan, Italy; (C.P.); (S.D.); (E.B.)
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Center–IRCCS, 20089 Milan, Italy
| | - Daniele Piovani
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, 20090 Milan, Italy; (C.P.); (S.D.); (E.B.)
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Center–IRCCS, 20089 Milan, Italy
| | - Silvio Danese
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, 20090 Milan, Italy; (C.P.); (S.D.); (E.B.)
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Center–IRCCS, 20089 Milan, Italy
| | - Laurent Peyrin-Biroulet
- Department of Gastroenterology, Inserm U1256 NGERE, Nancy University Hospital, Lorraine University, 54500 Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, France;
| | - Andreas G. Tsantes
- Attiko Hospital, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 12462 Athens, Greece; (A.G.T.); (A.E.T.)
| | - Enrico Brunetta
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, 20090 Milan, Italy; (C.P.); (S.D.); (E.B.)
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Center–IRCCS, 20089 Milan, Italy
| | - Argirios E. Tsantes
- Attiko Hospital, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 12462 Athens, Greece; (A.G.T.); (A.E.T.)
| | - Stefanos Bonovas
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, 20090 Milan, Italy; (C.P.); (S.D.); (E.B.)
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Center–IRCCS, 20089 Milan, Italy
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Hanscom M, Loane DJ, Aubretch T, Leser J, Molesworth K, Hedgekar N, Ritzel RM, Abulwerdi G, Shea-Donohue T, Faden AI. Acute colitis during chronic experimental traumatic brain injury in mice induces dysautonomia and persistent extraintestinal, systemic, and CNS inflammation with exacerbated neurological deficits. J Neuroinflammation 2021; 18:24. [PMID: 33461596 PMCID: PMC7814749 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-020-02067-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Disruptions of brain-gut axis have been implicated in the progression of a variety of gastrointestinal (GI) disorders and central nervous system (CNS) diseases and injuries, including traumatic brain injury (TBI). TBI is a chronic disease process characterized by persistent secondary injury processes which can be exacerbated by subsequent challenges. Enteric pathogen infection during chronic TBI worsened cortical lesion volume; however, the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying the damaging effects of enteric challenge during chronic TBI remain unknown. This preclinical study examined the effect of intestinal inflammation during chronic TBI on associated neurobehavioral and neuropathological outcomes, systemic inflammation, and dysautonomia. METHODS Dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) was administered to adult male C57BL/6NCrl mice 28 days following craniotomy (Sham) or TBI for 7 days to induce intestinal inflammation, followed by a return to normal drinking water for an additional 7 to 28 days for recovery; uninjured animals (Naïve) served as an additional control group. Behavioral testing was carried out prior to, during, and following DSS administration to assess changes in motor and cognitive function, social behavior, and mood. Electrocardiography was performed to examine autonomic balance. Brains were collected for histological and molecular analyses of injury lesion, neurodegeneration, and neuroinflammation. Blood, colons, spleens, mesenteric lymph nodes (mLNs), and thymus were collected for morphometric analyses and/or immune characterization by flow cytometry. RESULTS Intestinal inflammation 28 days after craniotomy or TBI persistently induced, or exacerbated, respectively, deficits in fine motor coordination, cognition, social behavior, and anxiety-like behavior. Behavioral changes were associated with an induction, or exacerbation, of hippocampal neuronal cell loss and microglial activation in Sham and TBI mice administered DSS, respectively. Acute DSS administration resulted in a sustained systemic immune response with increases in myeloid cells in blood and spleen, as well as myeloid cells and lymphocytes in mesenteric lymph nodes. Dysautonomia was also induced in Sham and TBI mice administered DSS, with increased sympathetic tone beginning during DSS administration and persisting through the first recovery week. CONCLUSION Intestinal inflammation during chronic experimental TBI causes a sustained systemic immune response and altered autonomic balance that are associated with microglial activation, increased neurodegeneration, and persistent neurological deficits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Hanscom
- Department of Anesthesiology and Shock, Trauma and Anesthesiology Research (STAR) Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 685 West Baltimore Street, MSTF #6-016, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA.
| | - David J Loane
- Department of Anesthesiology and Shock, Trauma and Anesthesiology Research (STAR) Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 685 West Baltimore Street, MSTF #6-016, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
- School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Taryn Aubretch
- Department of Anesthesiology and Shock, Trauma and Anesthesiology Research (STAR) Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 685 West Baltimore Street, MSTF #6-016, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - Jenna Leser
- Department of Anesthesiology and Shock, Trauma and Anesthesiology Research (STAR) Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 685 West Baltimore Street, MSTF #6-016, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - Kara Molesworth
- Department of Anesthesiology and Shock, Trauma and Anesthesiology Research (STAR) Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 685 West Baltimore Street, MSTF #6-016, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - Nivedita Hedgekar
- Department of Anesthesiology and Shock, Trauma and Anesthesiology Research (STAR) Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 685 West Baltimore Street, MSTF #6-016, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - Rodney M Ritzel
- Department of Anesthesiology and Shock, Trauma and Anesthesiology Research (STAR) Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 685 West Baltimore Street, MSTF #6-016, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - Gelareh Abulwerdi
- Department of Anesthesiology and Shock, Trauma and Anesthesiology Research (STAR) Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 685 West Baltimore Street, MSTF #6-016, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - Terez Shea-Donohue
- Division of Translational Radiation Sciences (DTRS), Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Alan I Faden
- Department of Anesthesiology and Shock, Trauma and Anesthesiology Research (STAR) Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 685 West Baltimore Street, MSTF #6-016, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
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30
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Chronic pain impact on rodents’ behavioral repertoire. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2020; 119:101-127. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2020.09.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2020] [Revised: 07/14/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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31
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Supraspinal Mechanisms of Intestinal Hypersensitivity. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2020; 42:389-417. [PMID: 33030712 DOI: 10.1007/s10571-020-00967-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Gut inflammation or injury causes intestinal hypersensitivity (IHS) and hyperalgesia, which can persist after the initiating pathology resolves, are often referred to somatic regions and exacerbated by psychological stress, anxiety or depression, suggesting the involvement of both the spinal cord and the brain. The supraspinal mechanisms of IHS remain to be fully elucidated, however, over the last decades the series of intestinal pathology-associated neuroplastic changes in the brain has been revealed, being potentially responsible for the phenomenon. This paper reviews current clinical and experimental data, including the authors' own findings, on these functional, structural, and neurochemical/molecular changes within cortical, subcortical and brainstem regions processing and modulating sensory signals from the gut. As concluded in the review, IHS can develop and maintain due to the bowel inflammation/injury-induced persistent hyperexcitability of viscerosensory brainstem and thalamic nuclei and sensitization of hypothalamic, amygdala, hippocampal, anterior insular, and anterior cingulate cortical areas implicated in the neuroendocrine, emotional and cognitive modulation of visceral sensation and pain. An additional contribution may come from the pathology-triggered dysfunction of the brainstem structures inhibiting nociception. The mechanism underlying IHS-associated regional hyperexcitability is enhanced NMDA-, AMPA- and group I metabotropic receptor-mediated glutamatergic neurotransmission in association with altered neuropeptide Y, corticotropin-releasing factor, and cannabinoid 1 receptor signaling. These alterations are at least partially mediated by brain microglia and local production of cytokines, especially tumor necrosis factor α. Studying the IHS-related brain neuroplasticity in greater depth may enable the development of new therapeutic approaches against chronic abdominal pain in inflammatory bowel disease.
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Lopes F, Vicentini FA, Cluny NL, Mathews AJ, Lee BH, Almishri WA, Griffin L, Gonçalves W, Pinho V, McKay DM, Hirota SA, Swain MG, Pittman QJ, Sharkey KA. Brain TNF drives post-inflammation depression-like behavior and persistent pain in experimental arthritis. Brain Behav Immun 2020; 89:224-232. [PMID: 32592863 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2020.06.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2020] [Revised: 06/02/2020] [Accepted: 06/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Patients with rheumatoid arthritis experience chronic pain, depression and fatigue, even when inflammation of the joints is well controlled. To study the relationship between arthritis, depression, and sustained pain when articular inflammation is no longer observed, we tested the hypothesis that brain TNF drives post-inflammation depression-like behavior and persistent pain in experimental arthritis. The murine model of antigen-induced arthritis (AIA) was used to evaluate the effects of knee inflammation on sustained pain and depression-like behavior. We measured joint pain using an automated dynamic plantar algesiometer and depression-like behavior with the tail suspension test. Cytokines were measured by Luminex assay and ELISA. TNF in the brain was blocked by intracerebroventricular injection of anti-TNF antibodies. Histological damage and elevated levels of cytokines were observed in the knee 24 h after antigen treatment, but not at 13 days. Reduced pain thresholds were seen 24 h and 13 days after treatment. Depression-like behavior was observed on day 13. Treatment with the antidepressant imipramine reduced both depression-like behavior and persistent pain. However, blocking joint pain with the analgesic dipyrone did not alter depression-like behavior. Elevated levels of TNF, CCL2, and CXCL-1 were observed in the hippocampus 24 h after treatment, with TNF remaining elevated at day 13. Intracerebroventricular infusion of an anti-TNF antibody blocked depression-like behavior and reduced persistent pain. We have demonstrated that depression-like behavior and pain is sustained in AIA mice after the resolution of inflammation. These changes are associated with elevated levels of TNF in the hippocampus and are dependent upon brain TNF. The findings reveal an important mechanistic link between the expression of chronic pain and depression in experimental arthritis. Furthermore, they suggest treating depression in rheumatoid arthritis may positively impact other debilitating features of this condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Lopes
- Institute of Parasitology, McGill University, Ste-Anne-de-Bellevue, QC, Canada; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.
| | - Fernando A Vicentini
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada; Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada; Calvin, Phoebe and Joan Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Nina L Cluny
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada; Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada; Calvin, Phoebe and Joan Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Alexander J Mathews
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada; Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada; Calvin, Phoebe and Joan Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Benjamin H Lee
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada; Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada; Calvin, Phoebe and Joan Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Wagdi A Almishri
- Calvin, Phoebe and Joan Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada; Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Lateece Griffin
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada; Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada; Calvin, Phoebe and Joan Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - William Gonçalves
- Departamento de Morfologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Vanessa Pinho
- Departamento de Morfologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Derek M McKay
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada; Calvin, Phoebe and Joan Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Simon A Hirota
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada; Calvin, Phoebe and Joan Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Mark G Swain
- Calvin, Phoebe and Joan Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada; Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Quentin J Pittman
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada; Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada; Calvin, Phoebe and Joan Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Keith A Sharkey
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada; Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada; Calvin, Phoebe and Joan Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.
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Salvo E, Stokes P, Keogh CE, Brust-Mascher I, Hennessey C, Knotts TA, Sladek JA, Rude KM, Swedek M, Rabasa G, Gareau MG. A murine model of pediatric inflammatory bowel disease causes microbiota-gut-brain axis deficits in adulthood. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2020; 319:G361-G374. [PMID: 32726162 PMCID: PMC7509259 DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.00177.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) are chronic intestinal diseases, frequently associated with comorbid psychological and cognitive deficits. These neuropsychiatric effects include anxiety, depression, and memory impairments that can be seen both during active disease and following remission and are more frequently seen in pediatric patients. The mechanism(s) through which these extraintestinal deficits develop remain unknown, and the study of these phenomenon is hampered by a lack of murine pediatric IBD models. Herein we describe microbiota-gut-brain (MGB) axis deficits following induction of colitis in a pediatric setting. Acute colitis was induced by administration of 2% dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) for 5 days starting at weaning [postnatal day (P)21] causing reduced weight gain, colonic shortening, and colonic inflammation by 8 days post-DSS (P29), which were mostly resolved in adult (P56) mice. Despite resolution of acute disease, cognitive deficits (novel object recognition task) and anxiety-like behavior (light/dark box) were identified in the absence of changes in exploratory behavior (open field test) in P56 mice previously treated with DSS at weaning. Behavioral deficits were found in conjunction with neuroinflammation, decreased neurogenesis, and altered expression of pattern recognition receptor genes in the hippocampus. Additionally, persistent alterations in the gut microbiota composition were observed at P56, including reduced butyrate-producing species. Taken together, these results describe for the first time the presence of MGB axis deficits following induction of colitis at weaning, which persist in adulthood.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Here we describe long-lasting impacts on the microbiota-gut-brain (MGB) axis following administration of low-dose dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) to weaning mice (P21), including gut dysbiosis, colonic inflammation, and brain/behavioral deficits in adulthood (P56). Early-life DSS leads to acute colonic inflammation, similar to adult mice; however, it results in long-lasting deficits in the MGB axis in adulthood (P56), in contrast to the transient deficits seen in adult DSS. This model highlights the unique features of pediatric inflammatory bowel disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eloisa Salvo
- 1Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Cell Biology, University of California, Davis, California
| | - Patricia Stokes
- 1Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Cell Biology, University of California, Davis, California
| | - Ciara E. Keogh
- 1Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Cell Biology, University of California, Davis, California
| | - Ingrid Brust-Mascher
- 1Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Cell Biology, University of California, Davis, California
| | - Carly Hennessey
- 1Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Cell Biology, University of California, Davis, California
| | - Trina A. Knotts
- 2Department of Molecular Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, California
| | - Jessica A. Sladek
- 1Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Cell Biology, University of California, Davis, California
| | - Kavi M. Rude
- 1Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Cell Biology, University of California, Davis, California
| | - Michelle Swedek
- 1Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Cell Biology, University of California, Davis, California
| | - Gonzalo Rabasa
- 1Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Cell Biology, University of California, Davis, California
| | - Mélanie G. Gareau
- 1Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Cell Biology, University of California, Davis, California
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Collins SM. Interrogating the Gut-Brain Axis in the Context of Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Translational Approach. Inflamm Bowel Dis 2020; 26:493-501. [PMID: 31970390 PMCID: PMC7054772 DOI: 10.1093/ibd/izaa004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
This review examines preclinical and clinical studies relevant to our understanding of how the bidirectional gut-brain axis influences the natural history of inflammatory bowel disease. Preclinical studies provide proof of concept that preexisting behavioral illness, such as depression, results in increased susceptibility to inflammatory stimuli and that commonly used classes of antidepressants protect against this vulnerability. However, clinical studies suggesting behavioral illness as a risk factor for IBD and a protective role for antidepressants have relied primarily on symptom-reporting rather than objective measurements of inflammation. In terms of gut-to-brain signaling, there is emerging evidence from preclinical and clinical observation that intestinal inflammation alters brain functions, including the induction of mood disorders, alteration of circadian rhythm both centrally and peripherally, and changes in appetitive behaviors. Furthermore, preclinical studies suggest that effective treatment of intestinal inflammation improves associated behavioral impairment. Taken together, the findings of this review encourage a holistic approach to the management of patients with IBD, accommodating lifestyle issues that include the avoidance of sleep deprivation, optimized nutrition, and the monitoring and appropriate management of behavioral disorders. The review also acknowledges the need for better-designed clinical studies evaluating the impact of behavioral disorders and their treatments on the natural history of IBD, utilizing hard end points to assess changes in the inflammatory process as opposed to reliance on symptom-based assessments. The findings of the review also encourage a better understanding of changes in brain function and circadian rhythm induced by intestinal inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen M Collins
- Farncombe Family Digestive Health Research Institute, Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada,Address correspondence to: Stephen M. Collins, MBBS, FRCPC, FRSC, Farncombe Family Digestive Health Research Institute, Faculty of Health Sciences, Room 3N8B, McMaster University Medical Centre, Hamilton, Ontario, CANADA L8N 3Z5. E-mail:
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Matisz CE, Vicentini FA, Hirota SA, Sharkey KA, Gruber AJ. Behavioral adaptations in a relapsing mouse model of colitis. Physiol Behav 2020; 216:112802. [PMID: 31931038 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2020.112802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2019] [Revised: 01/09/2020] [Accepted: 01/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is characterized by relapsing periods of gut inflammation, and is comorbid with depression, anxiety, and cognitive deficits. Animal models of IBD that explore the behavioral consequences almost exclusively use acute models of gut inflammation, which fails to recapitulate the cyclic, chronic nature of IBD. This study sought to identify behavioral differences in digging, memory, and stress-coping strategies in mice exposed to one (acute) or three (chronic) cycles of gut inflammation, using the dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) model of colitis. Similar levels of gut pathology were observed between acute and chronically exposed mice, although mice in the chronic treatment had significantly shorter colons, suggesting more severe disease. Behavioral measures revealed an unexpected pattern in which chronic treatment evoked fewer deficits than acute treatment. Specifically, acutely-treated mice showed alterations in measures of object burying, novel object recognition, object location memory, and stress-coping (forced swim task). Chronically-treated animals, however, showed similar alterations in object burying, but not the other measures. These data suggest an adaptive or tolerizing effect of repeated cycles of peripheral gut inflammation on mnemonic function and stress-coping, whereas some other behaviors continue to be affected by gut inflammation. We speculate that the normalization of some functions may involve the reversion to the baseline state of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and/or levels of neuroinflammation, which are both activated by the first exposure to the colitic agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chelsea E Matisz
- Canadian Center for Behavioural Neuroscience, Department of Neuroscience, University of Lethbridge, 4401 University Drive West, Lethbridge T1K 3M4, AB, Canada.
| | - Fernando A Vicentini
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Department of Physiology & Pharmacology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Inflammation Research Network, Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, Department of Physiology & Pharmacology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Simon A Hirota
- Inflammation Research Network, Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, Department of Physiology & Pharmacology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Keith A Sharkey
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Department of Physiology & Pharmacology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Aaron J Gruber
- Canadian Center for Behavioural Neuroscience, Department of Neuroscience, University of Lethbridge, 4401 University Drive West, Lethbridge T1K 3M4, AB, Canada
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Sroor HM, Hassan AM, Zenz G, Valadez-Cosmes P, Farzi A, Holzer P, El-Sharif A, Gomaa FAZM, Kargl J, Reichmann F. Experimental colitis reduces microglial cell activation in the mouse brain without affecting microglial cell numbers. Sci Rep 2019; 9:20217. [PMID: 31882991 PMCID: PMC6934553 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-56859-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2019] [Accepted: 12/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients frequently suffer from anxiety disorders and depression, indicating that altered gut-brain axis signalling during gastrointestinal inflammation is a risk factor for psychiatric disease. Microglia, immune cells of the brain, is thought to be involved in a number of mental disorders, but their role in IBD is largely unknown. In the current work, we investigated whether colitis induced by dextran sulphate sodium (DSS), a murine model of IBD, alters microglial phenotypes in the brain. We found that colitis caused a reduction of Iba-1 and CD68 immunoreactivity, microglial activation markers, in specific brain regions of the limbic system such as the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), while other areas remained unaffected. Flow cytometry showed an increase of monocyte-derived macrophages during colitis and gene expression analysis in the mPFC showed pronounced changes of microglial markers including cluster of differentiation 86 (CD86), tumour necrosis factor-α, nitric oxide synthase 2, CD206 and chitinase-like protein 3 consistent with both M1 and M2 activation. Taken together, these findings suggest that experimental colitis-induced inflammation is propagated to the brain altering microglial function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hoda M Sroor
- Research Unit of Translational Neurogastroenterology, Division of Pharmacology, Otto Loewi Research Centre for Vascular Biology, Immunology and Inflammation, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria.,Microbiology and Immunology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy-Girls, Al-Azar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ahmed M Hassan
- Research Unit of Translational Neurogastroenterology, Division of Pharmacology, Otto Loewi Research Centre for Vascular Biology, Immunology and Inflammation, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Geraldine Zenz
- Research Unit of Translational Neurogastroenterology, Division of Pharmacology, Otto Loewi Research Centre for Vascular Biology, Immunology and Inflammation, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Paulina Valadez-Cosmes
- Division of Pharmacology, Otto Loewi Research Centre for Vascular Biology, Immunology and Inflammation, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Aitak Farzi
- Research Unit of Translational Neurogastroenterology, Division of Pharmacology, Otto Loewi Research Centre for Vascular Biology, Immunology and Inflammation, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Peter Holzer
- Research Unit of Translational Neurogastroenterology, Division of Pharmacology, Otto Loewi Research Centre for Vascular Biology, Immunology and Inflammation, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Amany El-Sharif
- Microbiology and Immunology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy-Girls, Al-Azar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Fatma Al-Zahraa M Gomaa
- Microbiology and Immunology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy-Girls, Al-Azar University, Cairo, Egypt.,Pharmacognosy and Medicinal Herbs Department, Faculty of Clinical Pharmacy, Al-Baha University, Al-Baha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Julia Kargl
- Division of Pharmacology, Otto Loewi Research Centre for Vascular Biology, Immunology and Inflammation, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Florian Reichmann
- Research Unit of Translational Neurogastroenterology, Division of Pharmacology, Otto Loewi Research Centre for Vascular Biology, Immunology and Inflammation, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria.
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Anxiolytic effects of the flavonoid luteolin in a mouse model of acute colitis. Mol Brain 2019; 12:114. [PMID: 31878979 PMCID: PMC6933648 DOI: 10.1186/s13041-019-0539-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2019] [Accepted: 12/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Anxiety related disorders commonly occur in association with major depressive disorder (MDD) in individuals suffering from peripheral inflammation, with a higher prevalence among IBS patients. We have previously shown that the bioflavonoid luteolin has pronounced analgesic and antidepressant-like effects in mice with dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced colitis. Here, we further evaluate the biological effect of luteolin as a possible anxiolytic agent in DSS treated mice. Anxiolytic action was evaluated using the open field test (OF), the novelty suppressed feeding test (NSFT) and the elevated plus maze test (EPM). Luteolin increased the number of crossings in the center of the OF apparatus, reduced the latency to interact with the food pellet in the NSFT, and increased the time spent in the open arms in the EPM. These results suggest luteolin as a possible natural anxiolytic molecule without sedative effects, thus reinforcing its therapeutic potential for the comorbidities involving peripheral inflammation, pain, mood and anxiety-related disorders.
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EPAC1 and EPAC2 promote nociceptor hyperactivity associated with chronic pain after spinal cord injury. NEUROBIOLOGY OF PAIN 2019; 7:100040. [PMID: 31890991 PMCID: PMC6926371 DOI: 10.1016/j.ynpai.2019.100040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2019] [Revised: 11/15/2019] [Accepted: 11/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Chronic pain following spinal cord injury (SCI) is associated with electrical hyperactivity (spontaneous and evoked) in primary nociceptors. Cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) signaling is an important contributor to nociceptor excitability, and knockdown of the cAMP effector, exchange protein activated by cAMP (EPAC), has been shown to relieve pain-like responses in several chronic pain models. To examine potentially distinct roles of each EPAC isoform (EPAC1 and 2) in maintaining chronic pain, we used rat and mouse models of contusive spinal cord injury (SCI). Pharmacological inhibition of EPAC1 or 2 in a rat SCI model was sufficient to reverse SCI-induced nociceptor hyperactivity, indicating that EPAC1 and 2 signaling activity are complementary, with both required to maintain hyperactivity. However, EPAC activation was not sufficient to induce similar hyperactivity in nociceptors from naïve rats, and we observed no change in EPAC protein expression after SCI. In the mouse SCI model, inhibition of both EPAC isoforms through a combination of pharmacological inhibition and genetic deletion was required to reverse SCI-induced nociceptor hyperactivity. This was consistent with our finding that neither EPAC1-/- nor EPAC2-/- mice were protected against SCI-induced chronic pain as assessed with an operant mechanical conflict test. Thus, EPAC1 and 2 activity may play a redundant role in mouse nociceptors, although no corresponding change in EPAC protein expression levels was detected after SCI. Despite some differences between these species, our data demonstrate a fundamental role for both EPAC1 and EPAC2 in mechanisms maintaining nociceptor hyperactivity and chronic pain after SCI.
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Salameh E, Meleine M, Gourcerol G, do Rego JC, do Rego JL, Legrand R, Breton J, Aziz M, Guérin C, Coëffier M, Savoye G, Marion-Letellier R. Chronic colitis-induced visceral pain is associated with increased anxiety during quiescent phase. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2019; 316:G692-G700. [PMID: 30735453 DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.00248.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) are characterized by repetition of flares and remission periods leading to chronic postinflammatory sequelae. Among postinflammatory sequelae, one-third of patients with IBD are suffering from functional symptoms or psychological comorbidities that persist during remission. The aim of our study was to assess functional and behavioral sequelae of chronic colitis in rats with quiescent intestinal inflammation. Chronic colitis was induced by a weekly intrarectal injection of increasing concentrations of trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (TNBS) for 3 wk (15-45 mg of TNBS) in 30 rats, whereas the control rats (n = 24) received the vehicle. At 50 days post-TNBS, visceral sensitivity was assessed by visceromotor response to colorectal distension, and transient receptor potential vanilloid type 1 (TRPV1) expression was also quantified in the colon and dorsal root ganglia. Barrier function and inflammatory response were assessed by studying intestinal permeability, tight junction protein, myeloperoxidase activity, histological score, and cytokine production (IL-6, IL-10, and TNF-α). Anxiety behavioral tests were performed from 50 to 64 days after the last TNBS injection. Chronic TNBS induced 1) a visceral hypersensitivity (P = 0.03), 2) an increased colon weight-to-length ratio (P = 0.01), 3) higher inflammatory and fibrosis scores (P = 0.0390 and P = 0.0016, respectively), and 4) a higher colonic IL-6 and IL-10 production (P = 0.008 and P = 0.005, respectively) compared with control rats. Intestinal permeability, colonic production of TNF-α, myeloperoxidase activity, and TRPV1 expression did not differ among groups. Chronic TNBS increased anxiety-related behavior in the open-field test and in the acoustic stress test. In conclusion, chronic colitis induced functional sequelae such as visceral hypersensitivity and increased anxiety with a low-grade intestinal inflammation. Development of a representative animal model will allow defining novel therapeutic approaches to achieve a better management of IBD-related sequelae. NEW & NOTEWORTHY Patients with inflammatory bowel diseases have impaired quality of life. Therapeutic progress to control mucosal inflammation provides us an opportunity to develop novel approaches to understand mechanisms behind postinflammatory sequelae. We used a chronic colitis model to study long-term sequelae on visceral pain, gut barrier function, and psychological impact. Chronic colitis induced functional symptoms and increased anxiety in the remission period. It might define novel therapeutic approaches to achieve a better inflammatory bowel disease-related sequelae management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmeline Salameh
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale Unit 1073 "Digestive Tract Environment and Nutrition," Normandie University, UNIROUEN, France.,Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine, Normandie University, Union Nationale Inter-Universitaire Rouen , Rouen , France
| | - Mathieu Meleine
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale Unit 1073 "Digestive Tract Environment and Nutrition," Normandie University, UNIROUEN, France.,Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine, Normandie University, Union Nationale Inter-Universitaire Rouen , Rouen , France
| | - Guillaume Gourcerol
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale Unit 1073 "Digestive Tract Environment and Nutrition," Normandie University, UNIROUEN, France.,Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine, Normandie University, Union Nationale Inter-Universitaire Rouen , Rouen , France.,Digestive Physiology Department, Charles Nicolle Hospital, Rouen University Hospital , Rouen , France
| | - Jean-Claude do Rego
- Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine, Normandie University, Union Nationale Inter-Universitaire Rouen , Rouen , France.,Behavioural Analysis Platform (Service Commun d'Analyse Comportementale), Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine, University of Rouen-Normandy , Normandy , France
| | - Jean-Luc do Rego
- Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine, Normandie University, Union Nationale Inter-Universitaire Rouen , Rouen , France.,Behavioural Analysis Platform (Service Commun d'Analyse Comportementale), Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine, University of Rouen-Normandy , Normandy , France
| | - Romain Legrand
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale Unit 1073 "Digestive Tract Environment and Nutrition," Normandie University, UNIROUEN, France.,Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine, Normandie University, Union Nationale Inter-Universitaire Rouen , Rouen , France
| | - Jonathan Breton
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale Unit 1073 "Digestive Tract Environment and Nutrition," Normandie University, UNIROUEN, France.,Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine, Normandie University, Union Nationale Inter-Universitaire Rouen , Rouen , France
| | - Moutaz Aziz
- Department of Pathology, Charles Nicolle Hospital, Rouen University Hospital , Rouen , France
| | - Charlène Guérin
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale Unit 1073 "Digestive Tract Environment and Nutrition," Normandie University, UNIROUEN, France.,Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine, Normandie University, Union Nationale Inter-Universitaire Rouen , Rouen , France
| | - Moïse Coëffier
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale Unit 1073 "Digestive Tract Environment and Nutrition," Normandie University, UNIROUEN, France.,Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine, Normandie University, Union Nationale Inter-Universitaire Rouen , Rouen , France.,Department of Nutrition, Charles Nicolle Hospital, Rouen University Hospital , Rouen , France
| | - Guillaume Savoye
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale Unit 1073 "Digestive Tract Environment and Nutrition," Normandie University, UNIROUEN, France.,Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine, Normandie University, Union Nationale Inter-Universitaire Rouen , Rouen , France.,Gastroenterology Unit, Charles Nicolle Hospital, Rouen University Hospital , Rouen , France
| | - Rachel Marion-Letellier
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale Unit 1073 "Digestive Tract Environment and Nutrition," Normandie University, UNIROUEN, France.,Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine, Normandie University, Union Nationale Inter-Universitaire Rouen , Rouen , France
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Burgueño JF, Lang JK, Santander AM, Fernández I, Fernández E, Zaias J, Abreu MT. Fluid supplementation accelerates epithelial repair during chemical colitis. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0215387. [PMID: 31002683 PMCID: PMC6474653 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0215387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2018] [Accepted: 04/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) model of colitis is a common animal model of inflammatory bowel disease that causes pain and distress. In this study, we aimed to determine whether fluid supplementation can be used as a welfare-based intervention to minimize animal suffering. C57Bl/6 females undergoing acute colitis by administration of 3% DSS in drinking water were supplemented with 1 mL intraperitoneal injections of NaCl and compared to non-supplemented control mice. Mouse behavior and locomotive activity were assessed on days 5–6 after DSS initiation by means of tail suspension, novel object recognition and open field activity tests. Mice were euthanized after either the acute (day 7) or the recovery phase (day 12) of colitis and inflammation, epithelial proliferation, and differentiation were assessed by means of histology, immunohistochemistry, quantitative PCR, and western blot. We found that fluid-supplemented mice had reduced signs of colitis with no alterations in behavior or locomotive activity. Furthermore, we observed an accelerated epithelial repair response after fluid hydration during the acute phase of colitis, characterized by increased crypt proliferation, activation of ERK1/2, and modulation of TGF-β1 expression. Consistent with these findings, fluid-supplemented mice had increased numbers of goblet cells, upregulated expression of differentiation markers for absorptive enterocytes, and reduced inflammation during the recovery phase. Our results show that fluid hydration does not reduce stress in DSS-treated mice but alters colitis evolution by reducing clinical signs and accelerating epithelial repair. These results argue against the routine use of fluid supplementation in DSS-treated mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan F. Burgueño
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, University of Miami–Leonard Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Jessica K. Lang
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, University of Miami–Leonard Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States of America
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - Ana M. Santander
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, University of Miami–Leonard Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States of America
| | - Irina Fernández
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, University of Miami–Leonard Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States of America
| | - Ester Fernández
- Animal Physiology Unit, Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Julia Zaias
- Division of Veterinary Resources, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States of America
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Miami–Leonard Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States of America
| | - Maria T. Abreu
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, University of Miami–Leonard Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States of America
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