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Mladinich MC, Himmler GE, Conde JN, Gorbunova EE, Schutt WR, Sarkar S, Tsirka SAE, Kim HK, Mackow ER. Age-dependent Powassan virus lethality is linked to glial cell activation and divergent neuroinflammatory cytokine responses in a murine model. J Virol 2024; 98:e0056024. [PMID: 39087762 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.00560-24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Powassan virus (POWV) is an emergent tick-borne flavivirus that causes fatal encephalitis in the elderly and long-term neurologic sequelae in survivors. How age contributes to severe POWV encephalitis remains an enigma, and no animal models have assessed age-dependent POWV neuropathology. Inoculating C57BL/6 mice with a POWV strain (LI9) currently circulating in Ixodes ticks resulted in age-dependent POWV lethality 10-20 dpi. POWV infection of 50-week-old mice was 82% fatal with lethality sequentially reduced by age to 7.1% in 10-week-old mice. POWV LI9 was neuroinvasive in mice of all ages, causing acute spongiform CNS pathology and reactive gliosis 5-15 dpi that persisted in survivors 30 dpi. High CNS viral loads were found in all mice 10 dpi. However, by 15 dpi, viral loads decreased by 2-4 logs in 10- to 40-week-old mice, while remaining at high levels in 50-week-old mice. Age-dependent differences in CNS viral loads 15 dpi occurred concomitantly with striking changes in CNS cytokine responses. In the CNS of 50-week-old mice, POWV induced Th1-type cytokines (IFNγ, IL-2, IL-12, IL-4, TNFα, IL-6), suggesting a neurodegenerative pro-inflammatory M1 microglial program. By contrast, in 10-week-old mice, POWV-induced Th2-type cytokines (IL-10, TGFβ, IL-4) were consistent with a neuroprotective M2 microglial phenotype. These findings correlate age-dependent CNS cytokine responses and viral loads with POWV lethality and suggest potential neuroinflammatory therapeutic targets. Our results establish the age-dependent lethality of POWV in a murine model that mirrors human POWV severity and long-term CNS pathology in the elderly. IMPORTANCE Powassan virus is an emerging tick-borne flavivirus causing lethal encephalitis in aged individuals. We reveal an age-dependent POWV murine model that mirrors human POWV encephalitis and long-term CNS damage in the elderly. We found that POWV is neuroinvasive and directs reactive gliosis in all age mice, but at acute stages selectively induces pro-inflammatory Th1 cytokine responses in 50-week-old mice and neuroprotective Th2 cytokine responses in 10-week-old mice. Our findings associate CNS viral loads and divergent cytokine responses with age-dependent POWV lethality and survival outcomes. Responses of young mice suggest potential therapeutic targets and approaches for preventing severe POWV encephalitis that may be broadly applicable to other neurodegenerative diseases. Our age-dependent murine POWV model permits analysis of vaccines that prevent POWV lethality, and therapeutics that resolve severe POWV encephalitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan C Mladinich
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Center for Infectious Disease, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - Grace E Himmler
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Center for Infectious Disease, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - Jonas N Conde
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Center for Infectious Disease, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - Elena E Gorbunova
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Center for Infectious Disease, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - William R Schutt
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Center for Infectious Disease, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - Shayan Sarkar
- Department of Pathology, Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - Styliani-Anna E Tsirka
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - Hwan Keun Kim
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Center for Infectious Disease, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - Erich R Mackow
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Center for Infectious Disease, Stony Brook, New York, USA
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Silva AI, Socodato R, Pinto C, Terceiro AF, Canedo T, Relvas JB, Saraiva M, Summavielle T. IL-10 and Cdc42 modulate astrocyte-mediated microglia activation in methamphetamine-induced neuroinflammation. Glia 2024; 72:1501-1517. [PMID: 38780232 DOI: 10.1002/glia.24542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Revised: 05/03/2024] [Accepted: 05/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Methamphetamine (Meth) use is known to induce complex neuroinflammatory responses, particularly involving astrocytes and microglia. Building upon our previous research, which demonstrated that Meth stimulates astrocytes to release tumor necrosis factor (TNF) and glutamate, leading to microglial activation, this study investigates the role of the anti-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-10 (IL-10) in this process. Our findings reveal that the presence of recombinant IL-10 (rIL-10) counteracts Meth-induced excessive glutamate release in astrocyte cultures, which significantly reduces microglial activation. This reduction is associated with the modulation of astrocytic intracellular calcium (Ca2+) dynamics, particularly by restricting the release of Ca2+ from the endoplasmic reticulum to the cytoplasm. Furthermore, we identify the small Rho GTPase Cdc42 as a crucial intermediary in the astrocyte-to-microglia communication pathway under Meth exposure. By employing a transgenic mouse model that overexpresses IL-10 (pMT-10), we also demonstrate in vivo that IL-10 prevents Meth-induced neuroinflammation. These findings not only enhance our understanding of Meth-related neuroinflammatory mechanisms, but also suggest IL-10 and Cdc42 as putative therapeutic targets for treating Meth-induced neuroinflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Isabel Silva
- Addiction Biology Group, i3S-Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Porto, Portugal
- IBMC-Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas de Abel Salazar (ICBAS), Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Renato Socodato
- Glia Cell Biology Group, i3S-Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Porto, Portugal
| | - Carolina Pinto
- Addiction Biology Group, i3S-Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Porto, Portugal
- IBMC-Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Ana Filipa Terceiro
- Addiction Biology Group, i3S-Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Porto, Portugal
- IBMC-Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas de Abel Salazar (ICBAS), Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Teresa Canedo
- Addiction Biology Group, i3S-Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Porto, Portugal
- IBMC-Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - João Bettencourt Relvas
- IBMC-Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Glia Cell Biology Group, i3S-Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Porto, Portugal
- Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto (FMUP), Porto, Portugal
| | - Margarida Saraiva
- IBMC-Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Immune Regulation Group, i3S-Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Porto, Portugal
| | - Teresa Summavielle
- Addiction Biology Group, i3S-Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Porto, Portugal
- IBMC-Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
- ESS.PP, Escola Superior de Saúde do Politécnico do Porto, Porto, Portugal
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3
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Alotaibi B, El-Masry TA, Negm WA, Saleh A, Alotaibi KN, Alosaimi ME, Elekhnawy E. In Vivo and in Vitro Mitigation of Salmonella Typhimurium Isolates by Fortunella Japonica Fruit Extract. Curr Microbiol 2024; 81:262. [PMID: 38981879 DOI: 10.1007/s00284-024-03770-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/11/2024]
Abstract
The vast dissemination of resistance to different antibiotics among bacterial pathogens, especially foodborne pathogens, has drawn major research attention. Thus, many attempts have been made to reveal novel alternatives to the current antibiotics. Due to their variable pharmacologically active phytochemicals, plants represent a good solution for this issue. This study investigated the antibacterial potential of Kumquat or Fortunella japonica methanol extract (FJME) against Salmonella typhimurium clinical isolates. Gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GC/MS) characterized 39 compounds in FJME. Palmitic acid (15.386%) and cis-vaccenic acid (15.012%) are the major active constituents detected by GC/MS. Remarkably, FJME had minimum inhibitory concentrations from 128 to 512 µg/mL in vitro. In addition, a systemic infection model revealed the in vivo antibacterial action of FJME. The antibacterial therapeutic activity of FJME was noticed by improving the histological features of the liver and spleen. Moreover, there was a perceptible lessening (p < 0.05) of the levels of the oxidative stress markers (nitric oxide and malondialdehyde) using ELISA. In addition, the gene expression of the proinflammatory cytokine (interleukin 6) was downregulated. On the other hand, there was an upregulation of the anti-inflammatory cytokine (interleukin 10). Accordingly, future clinical investigations should be done to reveal the potential antibacterial action of FJME on other food pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Badriyah Alotaibi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, 84428, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Thanaa A El-Masry
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, Tanta, 31527, Egypt
| | - Walaa A Negm
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, Tanta, 31527, Egypt
| | - Asmaa Saleh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, 84428, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Manal E Alosaimi
- Department of Basic Health Sciences, College of Medicine, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, 84428, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Engy Elekhnawy
- Pharmaceutical Microbiology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, Tanta, 31527, Egypt.
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Jiang Y, Xu L, Cao Y, Meng F, Jiang S, Yang M, Zheng Z, Zhang Y, Yang L, Wang M, Sun G, Liu J, Li C, Cui M. Effects of Interleukin-19 overexpression in the medial prefrontal cortex on anxiety-related behaviors, BDNF expression and p38/JNK/ERK pathways. Brain Res Bull 2024; 212:110952. [PMID: 38636611 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2024.110952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Revised: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 04/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
Anxiety is a prevalent mental illness known for its high incidence, comorbidity, and tendency to recur, posing significant societal and individual burdens. Studies have highlighted Interleukin-19 (IL-19) as having potential relevance in neuropsychiatric disorders. Our previous research revealed that IL-19 overexpression in colonies exacerbated anxiety-related behaviors induced by dextran sodium sulfate/stress. However, the precise role and molecular mechanisms of IL-19 in anxiety regulation remain uncertain. In this study, we initiated an acute restraint stress (ARS)-induced anxious mouse model and identified heightened expression of IL-19 and IL-20Rα in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) of ARS mice. Notably, IL-19 and IL-20Rα were predominantly present in the excitatory pyramidal neurons of the mPFC under both basal and ARS conditions. Utilizing the adeno-associated virus (AAV) strategy, we demonstrated that IL-19 overexpression in the mPFC induced anxiety-related behaviors and elevated stress susceptibility. Additionally, we observed decreased protein levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and postsynaptic density protein 95 (PSD95) in the mPFC of IL-19 overexpression mice, accompanied by reduced phosphorylation of in the p38, JNK, and Erk signaling pathways. These findings emphasize the role of IL-19 in modulating anxiety-related behaviors within the mPFC and suggest its potential as a pathological gene and therapeutic target for anxiety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuting Jiang
- Department of Psychology, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, Shandong, China; Medical Research Center, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, Shandong, China
| | - Lihong Xu
- Department of Psychology, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, Shandong, China; Medical Research Center, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, Shandong, China
| | - Yifan Cao
- Department of Psychology, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, Shandong, China; Medical Research Center, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, Shandong, China
| | - Fantao Meng
- Department of Psychology, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, Shandong, China; Medical Research Center, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, Shandong, China
| | - Shujun Jiang
- Department of Physiology, Binzhou Medical University, Shandong, China
| | - Mengyu Yang
- Department of Psychology, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, Shandong, China; Medical Research Center, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, Shandong, China
| | - Ziteng Zheng
- Department of Psychology, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, Shandong, China; Medical Research Center, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, Shandong, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Department of Psychology, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, Shandong, China; Medical Research Center, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, Shandong, China
| | - Lu Yang
- Department of Psychology, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, Shandong, China; Medical Research Center, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, Shandong, China
| | - Meiqin Wang
- Medical Research Center, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, Shandong, China; Department of Physiology, Binzhou Medical University, Shandong, China
| | - Guizhi Sun
- Department of Psychology, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, Shandong, China
| | - Jing Liu
- Department of Psychology, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, Shandong, China; Medical Research Center, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, Shandong, China.
| | - Chen Li
- Department of Psychology, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, Shandong, China; Medical Research Center, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, Shandong, China.
| | - Minghu Cui
- Department of Psychology, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, Shandong, China; Medical Research Center, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, Shandong, China.
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5
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Milne SM, Lahiri A, Sanchez CL, Marshall MJ, Jahan I, Meares GP. Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein reactive Th17 cells drive Janus Kinase 1 dependent transcriptional reprogramming in astrocytes and alter cell surface cytokine receptor profiles during experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. Sci Rep 2024; 14:13146. [PMID: 38849434 PMCID: PMC11161502 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-63877-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune demyelinating disease affecting the central nervous system (CNS). T helper (Th) 17 cells are involved in the pathogenesis of MS and its animal model of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) by infiltrating the CNS and producing effector molecules that engage resident glial cells. Among these glial cells, astrocytes have a central role in coordinating inflammatory processes by responding to cytokines and chemokines released by Th17 cells. In this study, we examined the impact of pathogenic Th17 cells on astrocytes in vitro and in vivo. We identified that Th17 cells reprogram astrocytes by driving transcriptomic changes partly through a Janus Kinase (JAK)1-dependent mechanism, which included increased chemokines, interferon-inducible genes, and cytokine receptors. In vivo, we observed a region-specific heterogeneity in the expression of cell surface cytokine receptors on astrocytes, including those for IFN-γ, IL-1, TNF-α, IL-17, TGFβ, and IL-10. Additionally, these receptors were dynamically regulated during EAE induced by adoptive transfer of myelin-reactive Th17 cells. This study overall provides evidence of Th17 cell reprogramming of astrocytes, which may drive changes in the astrocytic responsiveness to cytokines during autoimmune neuroinflammation.
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MESH Headings
- Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental/metabolism
- Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental/immunology
- Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental/pathology
- Animals
- Astrocytes/metabolism
- Th17 Cells/immunology
- Th17 Cells/metabolism
- Mice
- Myelin-Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein
- Receptors, Cytokine/metabolism
- Receptors, Cytokine/genetics
- Janus Kinase 1/metabolism
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Cytokines/metabolism
- Cellular Reprogramming
- Female
- Cells, Cultured
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah M Milne
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Cell Biology, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, 26506, USA
| | - Anirudhya Lahiri
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Cell Biology, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, 26506, USA
| | - Cristina L Sanchez
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Cell Biology, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, 26506, USA
| | - Micah J Marshall
- Department of Neurology, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, IBMR 415D, 460 Medical Center Drive, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Ishrat Jahan
- Department of Neurology, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, IBMR 415D, 460 Medical Center Drive, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Gordon P Meares
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Cell Biology, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, 26506, USA.
- Department of Neurology, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, IBMR 415D, 460 Medical Center Drive, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA.
- Department of Neuroscience, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, 26506, USA.
- Rockefeller Neuroscience Institute, Morgantown, WV, 26506, USA.
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6
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Niazi SK, Magoola M, Mariam Z. Innovative Therapeutic Strategies in Alzheimer's Disease: A Synergistic Approach to Neurodegenerative Disorders. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2024; 17:741. [PMID: 38931409 PMCID: PMC11206655 DOI: 10.3390/ph17060741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Revised: 05/31/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) remains a significant challenge in the field of neurodegenerative disorders, even nearly a century after its discovery, due to the elusive nature of its causes. The development of drugs that target multiple aspects of the disease has emerged as a promising strategy to address the complexities of AD and related conditions. The immune system's role, particularly in AD, has gained considerable interest, with nanobodies representing a new frontier in biomedical research. Advances in targeting antibodies against amyloid-β (Aβ) and using messenger RNA for genetic translation have revolutionized the production of antibodies and drug development, opening new possibilities for treatment. Despite these advancements, conventional therapies for AD, such as Cognex, Exelon, Razadyne, and Aricept, often have limited long-term effectiveness, underscoring the need for innovative solutions. This necessity has led to the incorporation advanced technologies like artificial intelligence and machine learning into the drug discovery process for neurodegenerative diseases. These technologies help identify therapeutic targets and optimize lead compounds, offering a more effective approach to addressing the challenges of AD and similar conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Zamara Mariam
- Centre for Health and Life Sciences, Coventry University, Coventry CV1 5FB, UK
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7
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Xu Y, Wang K, Dai Y, Yang W, Ru X, Li W, Feng H, Zhu G, Hu Q, Chen Y. Peripheral cytokine interleukin-10 alleviates perihematomal edema after intracerebral hemorrhage via interleukin-10 receptor/JAK1/STAT3 signaling. CNS Neurosci Ther 2024; 30:e14796. [PMID: 38867395 PMCID: PMC11168964 DOI: 10.1111/cns.14796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2024] [Revised: 05/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024] Open
Abstract
AIMS The extent of perihematomal edema following intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) significantly impacts patient prognosis, and disruption of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) exacerbates perihematomal edema. However, the role of peripheral IL-10 in mitigating BBB disruption through pathways that link peripheral and central nervous system signals remains poorly understood. METHODS Recombinant IL-10 was administered to ICH model mice via caudal vein injection, an IL-10-inhibiting adeno-associated virus and an IL-10 receptor knockout plasmid were delivered intraventricularly, and neurobehavioral deficits, perihematomal edema, BBB disruption, and the expression of JAK1 and STAT3 were evaluated. RESULTS Our study demonstrated that the peripheral cytokine IL-10 mitigated BBB breakdown, perihematomal edema, and neurobehavioral deficits after ICH and that IL-10 deficiency reversed these effects, likely through the IL-10R/JAK1/STAT3 signaling pathway. CONCLUSIONS Peripheral IL-10 has the potential to reduce BBB damage and perihematomal edema following ICH and improve patient prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery and State Key Laboratory of Trauma and Chemical Poisoning, Southwest HospitalThird Military Medical University (Army Medical University)ChongqingChina
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Intelligent Diagnosis, Treatment and Rehabilitation of Central Nervous System Injuries, Southwest HospitalThird Military Medical University (Army Medical University)ChongqingChina
- Chongqing Clinical Research Center for Neurosurgery, Southwest HospitalThird Military Medical University (Army Medical University)ChongqingChina
| | - Kaishan Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery and State Key Laboratory of Trauma and Chemical Poisoning, Southwest HospitalThird Military Medical University (Army Medical University)ChongqingChina
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Intelligent Diagnosis, Treatment and Rehabilitation of Central Nervous System Injuries, Southwest HospitalThird Military Medical University (Army Medical University)ChongqingChina
- Chongqing Clinical Research Center for Neurosurgery, Southwest HospitalThird Military Medical University (Army Medical University)ChongqingChina
| | - Yalan Dai
- Department of Neurosurgery and State Key Laboratory of Trauma and Chemical Poisoning, Southwest HospitalThird Military Medical University (Army Medical University)ChongqingChina
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Intelligent Diagnosis, Treatment and Rehabilitation of Central Nervous System Injuries, Southwest HospitalThird Military Medical University (Army Medical University)ChongqingChina
- Chongqing Clinical Research Center for Neurosurgery, Southwest HospitalThird Military Medical University (Army Medical University)ChongqingChina
| | - Wei Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery and State Key Laboratory of Trauma and Chemical Poisoning, Southwest HospitalThird Military Medical University (Army Medical University)ChongqingChina
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Intelligent Diagnosis, Treatment and Rehabilitation of Central Nervous System Injuries, Southwest HospitalThird Military Medical University (Army Medical University)ChongqingChina
- Chongqing Clinical Research Center for Neurosurgery, Southwest HospitalThird Military Medical University (Army Medical University)ChongqingChina
| | - Xufang Ru
- Department of Neurosurgery and State Key Laboratory of Trauma and Chemical Poisoning, Southwest HospitalThird Military Medical University (Army Medical University)ChongqingChina
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Intelligent Diagnosis, Treatment and Rehabilitation of Central Nervous System Injuries, Southwest HospitalThird Military Medical University (Army Medical University)ChongqingChina
- Chongqing Clinical Research Center for Neurosurgery, Southwest HospitalThird Military Medical University (Army Medical University)ChongqingChina
| | - Wenyan Li
- Department of Neurosurgery and State Key Laboratory of Trauma and Chemical Poisoning, Southwest HospitalThird Military Medical University (Army Medical University)ChongqingChina
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Intelligent Diagnosis, Treatment and Rehabilitation of Central Nervous System Injuries, Southwest HospitalThird Military Medical University (Army Medical University)ChongqingChina
- Chongqing Clinical Research Center for Neurosurgery, Southwest HospitalThird Military Medical University (Army Medical University)ChongqingChina
| | - Hua Feng
- Department of Neurosurgery and State Key Laboratory of Trauma and Chemical Poisoning, Southwest HospitalThird Military Medical University (Army Medical University)ChongqingChina
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Intelligent Diagnosis, Treatment and Rehabilitation of Central Nervous System Injuries, Southwest HospitalThird Military Medical University (Army Medical University)ChongqingChina
- Chongqing Clinical Research Center for Neurosurgery, Southwest HospitalThird Military Medical University (Army Medical University)ChongqingChina
| | - Gang Zhu
- Department of Neurosurgery and State Key Laboratory of Trauma and Chemical Poisoning, Southwest HospitalThird Military Medical University (Army Medical University)ChongqingChina
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Intelligent Diagnosis, Treatment and Rehabilitation of Central Nervous System Injuries, Southwest HospitalThird Military Medical University (Army Medical University)ChongqingChina
- Chongqing Clinical Research Center for Neurosurgery, Southwest HospitalThird Military Medical University (Army Medical University)ChongqingChina
| | - Qin Hu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ren Ji HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Yujie Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery and State Key Laboratory of Trauma and Chemical Poisoning, Southwest HospitalThird Military Medical University (Army Medical University)ChongqingChina
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Intelligent Diagnosis, Treatment and Rehabilitation of Central Nervous System Injuries, Southwest HospitalThird Military Medical University (Army Medical University)ChongqingChina
- Chongqing Clinical Research Center for Neurosurgery, Southwest HospitalThird Military Medical University (Army Medical University)ChongqingChina
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8
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Soares AR, Picciotto MR. Nicotinic regulation of microglia: potential contributions to addiction. J Neural Transm (Vienna) 2024; 131:425-435. [PMID: 37778006 PMCID: PMC11189589 DOI: 10.1007/s00702-023-02703-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
Clinical and preclinical studies have identified immunosuppressive effects of nicotine, with potential implications for treating nicotine addiction. Here we review how nicotine can regulate microglia, the resident macrophages in the brain, and corresponding effects of nicotine on neuroimmune signaling. There is significant evidence that activation of α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) on microglia can trigger an anti-inflammatory cascade that alters microglial polarization and activity, cytokine release, and intracellular calcium concentrations, leading to neuroprotection. These anti-inflammatory effects of nicotine-dependent α7 nAChR signaling are lost during withdrawal, suggesting that neuroimmune signaling is potentiated during abstinence, and thus, heightened microglial activity may drive circuit disruption that contributes to withdrawal symptoms and hyperkatifeia. In sum, the clinical literature has highlighted immunomodulatory effects of nicotine and the potential for anti-inflammatory compounds to treat addiction. The preclinical literature investigating the underlying mechanisms points to a role of microglial engagement in the circuit dysregulation and behavioral changes that occur during nicotine addiction and withdrawal, driven, at least in part, by activation of α7 nAChRs on microglia. Specifically targeting microglial signaling may help alleviate withdrawal symptoms in people with nicotine dependence and help to promote abstinence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexa R Soares
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University, 34 Park Street-3rd floor Research, New Haven, CT, 06508, USA
- Interdepartmental Neuroscience Program, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06508, USA
| | - Marina R Picciotto
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University, 34 Park Street-3rd floor Research, New Haven, CT, 06508, USA.
- Interdepartmental Neuroscience Program, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06508, USA.
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9
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Saarenpää M, Roslund MI, Nurminen N, Puhakka R, Kummola L, Laitinen OH, Hyöty H, Sinkkonen A. Urban indoor gardening enhances immune regulation and diversifies skin microbiota - A placebo-controlled double-blinded intervention study. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2024; 187:108705. [PMID: 38688234 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2024.108705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Revised: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
According to the hygiene and biodiversity hypotheses, frequent exposure to environmental microbiota, especially through soil contact, diversifies commensal microbiota, enhances immune modulation, and ultimately lowers the risk of immune-mediated diseases. Here we test the underlying assumption of the hygiene and biodiversity hypotheses by instructing volunteers to grow edible plants indoors during the winter season when natural exposure to environmental microbiota is low. The one-month randomized, placebo-controlled double-blind trial consisted of two treatments: participants received either microbially diverse growing medium or visually similar but microbially poor growing medium. Skin microbiota and a panel of seven immune markers were analyzed in the beginning of the trial and after one month. The diversity of five bacterial phyla (Bacteroidetes, Planctomycetes, Proteobacteria, Cyanobacteria, and Verrucomicrobia) and one class (Bacteroidia) increased on the skin of participants in the intervention group while no changes were observed in the placebo group. The number of nodes and edges in the co-occurrence networks of the skin bacteria increased on average three times more in the intervention group than in the placebo group. The plasma levels of the immunomodulatory cytokine interleukin 10 (IL-10) increased in the intervention group when compared with the placebo group. A similar trend was observed in the interleukin 17A (IL-17A) levels and in the IL-10:IL-17A ratios. Participants in both groups reported high satisfaction and adherence to the trial. The current study provides evidence in support of the core assumption of the hygiene and biodiversity hypotheses of immune-mediated diseases. Indoor urban gardening offers a meaningful and convenient approach for increasing year-round exposure to environmental microbiota, paving the way for other prophylactic practices that might help prevent immune-mediated diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mika Saarenpää
- Ecosystems and Environment Research Programme, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Niemenkatu 73, 15140 Lahti, Finland; Natural Resources Institute Finland, Turku and Helsinki, Finland.
| | - Marja I Roslund
- Natural Resources Institute Finland, Turku and Helsinki, Finland.
| | - Noora Nurminen
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Arvo Ylpön Katu 34, 33520 Tampere, Finland.
| | - Riikka Puhakka
- Ecosystems and Environment Research Programme, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Niemenkatu 73, 15140 Lahti, Finland.
| | - Laura Kummola
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Arvo Ylpön Katu 34, 33520 Tampere, Finland.
| | - Olli H Laitinen
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Arvo Ylpön Katu 34, 33520 Tampere, Finland.
| | - Heikki Hyöty
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Arvo Ylpön Katu 34, 33520 Tampere, Finland.
| | - Aki Sinkkonen
- Natural Resources Institute Finland, Turku and Helsinki, Finland.
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10
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Mastella GA, de Oliveira IH, de Godoi AK, do Nascimento LG, Alberton KS, Dagostim V, Cancilier SG, Madeira K, Réus GZ, Zugno AI. Behavioral and inflammatory changes in rats induced by a three-hit stress model: Implications for psychiatric disorders. J Psychiatr Res 2024; 170:307-317. [PMID: 38194848 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2023.12.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2024]
Abstract
Many aspects of the impact of childhood trauma remain unknown, such as the age at which individuals are most vulnerable to trauma, whether traumatic experiences have more severe and lasting effects when experienced early in life, and whether early life trauma causes psychiatric conditions such as anxiety and major depressive disorder (MDD) that persist over time or evolve into other disorders. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the impact of traumatic experiences in childhood on susceptibility to mood disorders in adulthood, particularly MDD. Animal models were used to address these questions, and different stressor protocols at various stages of the offspring's life were used. Three-hit starting with injections of Poly: IC was performed on the 9th day of gestation and then considered the first stressor. After birth, the animals were exposed to the maternal deprivation (MD) protocol, which separated the pups from the mother 3 h a day during the first ten days of life. From the 60th day of life, the animals were divided to receive the chronic mild stress (CMS) protocol over 21 days. The stressors can induce anxiety-like behaviors, such as increased locomotor activity through a maternal immune activation protocol using Poly: IC and demonstrating depressive-like behaviors through the MD and CMS protocols. It also showed changes in brain structures for pro-inflammatory parameters, IL-1β and TNF-α, and alterations in anti-inflammatory parameters, IL-4 and IL-10, at different ages of life. The study also found that regulating pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines is necessary for appropriate neuronal behavior, and stress responses can be both friendly and enemy, with costs and benefits balanced to provide the best-fit result. In conclusion, phenotypic characteristics of animals' life history are shaped by signals transmitted directly or indirectly to developing animals, known as "predictive adaptive responses."
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Affiliation(s)
- Gustavo Antunes Mastella
- Translational Psychiatry Laboratory, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Isabela Hübbe de Oliveira
- Translational Psychiatry Laboratory, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Amanda Kunz de Godoi
- Translational Psychiatry Laboratory, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Leonardo Ghisi do Nascimento
- Translational Psychiatry Laboratory, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Kelvin Schmoeller Alberton
- Translational Psychiatry Laboratory, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Vitória Dagostim
- Translational Psychiatry Laboratory, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Sarah Galatto Cancilier
- Laboratório de Pesquisa Aplicada em Computação e Métodos Quantitativos (LACON), University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Kristian Madeira
- Laboratório de Pesquisa Aplicada em Computação e Métodos Quantitativos (LACON), University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Gislaine Zilli Réus
- Translational Psychiatry Laboratory, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Alexandra Ioppi Zugno
- Translational Psychiatry Laboratory, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, SC, Brazil.
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11
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Wu W, Luo Z, Shen D, Lan T, Xiao Z, Liu M, Hu L, Sun T, Wang Y, Zhang JN, Zhang C, Wang P, Lu Y, Yang F, Li Q. IL-10 protects against OPC ferroptosis by regulating lipid reactive oxygen species levels post stroke. Redox Biol 2024; 69:102982. [PMID: 38070317 PMCID: PMC10755589 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2023.102982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), especially on lipids, induces massive cell death in neurons and oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPCs) and causes severe neurologic deficits post stroke. While small compounds, such as deferoxamine, lipostatin-1, and ferrostatin-1, have been shown to be effective in reducing lipid ROS, the mechanisms by which endogenously protective molecules act against lipid ROS accumulation and subsequent cell death are still unclear, especially in OPCs, which are critical for maintaining white matter integrity and improving long-term outcomes after stroke. Here, using mouse primary OPC cultures, we demonstrate that interleukin-10 (IL-10), a cytokine playing roles in reducing neuroinflammation and promoting hematoma clearance, significantly reduced hemorrhage-induced lipid ROS accumulation and subsequent ferroptosis in OPCs. Mechanistically, IL-10 activated the IL-10R/STAT3 signaling pathway and upregulated the DLK1/AMPK/ACC axis. Subsequently, IL-10 reprogrammed lipid metabolism and reduced lipid ROS accumulation. In addition, in an autologous blood injection intracerebral hemorrhagic stroke (ICH) mouse model, deficiency of the endogenous Il-10, specific knocking out Il10r or Dlk1 in OPCs, or administration of ACC inhibitor was associated with increased OPC cell death, demyelination, axonal sprouting, and the cognitive deficits during the chronic phase of ICH and vice versa. These data suggest that IL-10 protects against OPC loss and white matter injury by reducing lipid ROS, supporting further development of potential clinical applications to benefit patients with stroke and related disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weihua Wu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Zhaoli Luo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Danmin Shen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Ting Lan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Zhongnan Xiao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Meng Liu
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Liye Hu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Tingting Sun
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Yamei Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Jian-Nan Zhang
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Chenguang Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Peipei Wang
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Yabin Lu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Fei Yang
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China; Laboratory for Clinical Medicine, Beijing Key Laboratory of Neural Regeneration and Repair, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China.
| | - Qian Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China; Laboratory for Clinical Medicine, Beijing Key Laboratory of Neural Regeneration and Repair, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Cancer Invasion and Metastasis Research, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China.
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12
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Gao Z, Tan H, Song X, Zhuang T, Kong R, Wang Y, Yan X, Yao R. Troxerutin dampened hypothalamic neuroinflammation via microglial IL-22/IL-22R1/IRF3 activation in dihydrotestosterone-induced polycystic ovary syndrome rats. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 124:155280. [PMID: 38183697 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2023.155280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/08/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common reproductive-endocrine condition in premenopausal women. Troxerutin, a common clinical anti-coagulant agent, was shown to work as a strong IL-22 boosting agent counteracting the hyperactivated gonadotrophin releasing hormone (GnRH) neurons and heightened GnRH release, the neuroendocrine origin of PCOS with unknown mechanism in rats. Exploring the off-label use of troxerutin medication for PCOS is thus sorely needed. METHODS Serum IL-22 content and hypothalamic IL-22 protein were detected. Inflammatory factor levels in hypothalamo-pituitary were evaluated. Immunofluorescence staining was employed to determine the activation and M1/M2-prone polarization of microglia in arcuate hypothalamus and median eminence. RNA-sequencing and transcriptome analysis were applied to explore the potential driver of microglia M2-polarization in response to IL-22 bolstering effect. The function of microglial IL-22/IL-22R1/IRF3 system was further verified using in vivo knockdown of IL-22R1 and a potent IRF3 inhibitor in BV2 microglial cell lines in vitro. RESULTS Troxerutin augmented serum IL-22 content, and its consequent spillover into the hypothalamus led to the direct activation of IL-22R1/IRF3 system on microglia, thereby promoted microglia M2 polarization in arcuate hypothalamus and median eminence, dampened hypothalamic neuroinflammation, inhibited hyperactive GnRH and rescued a breadth of PCOS-like traits in dihydrotestosterone (DHT) rats. The salutary effects of troxerutin treatment on hypothalamic neuroinflammation, microglial M1/2 polarization, GnRH secretion and numerous PCOS-like features were blocked by in vivo knockdown of IL-22R1. Moreover, evidence in vitro illustrated that IL-22 supplement to BV-2 microglia cell lines promoted M2 polarization, overproduction of anti-inflammatory marker and limitation of pro-inflammatory factors, whereas these IL-22 effects were blunted by geldanamycin, a potent IRF3 inhibitor. CONCLUSION Here, the present study reported the potential off-label use of troxerutin medication, a common clinical anti-coagulant agent and an endogenous IL-22 enhancer, for multiple purposes in PCOS. The rational underlying the application of troxerutin as a therapeutic choice in PCOS derived from its activity as an IL-22 memetic agent targeting the neuro-endocrine origin of PCOS, and its promotive impact on microglia M2 polarization via activating microglial IL-22R1/IRF3 system in the arcuate hypothalamus and median eminence of DHT female rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zixuan Gao
- Department of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Xuzhou Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Xuzhou Medical University, 209 Tongshan Road, Xuzhou 221009, PR China; Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, 388 Fuxing South Road, Xuzhou 221000, PR China
| | - Huihui Tan
- Department of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Xuzhou Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Xuzhou Medical University, 209 Tongshan Road, Xuzhou 221009, PR China
| | - Xueli Song
- Department of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Xuzhou Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Xuzhou Medical University, 209 Tongshan Road, Xuzhou 221009, PR China
| | - Tao Zhuang
- Department of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Xuzhou Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Xuzhou Medical University, 209 Tongshan Road, Xuzhou 221009, PR China
| | - Renyu Kong
- Department of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Xuzhou Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Xuzhou Medical University, 209 Tongshan Road, Xuzhou 221009, PR China
| | - Yuying Wang
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, 388 Fuxing South Road, Xuzhou 221000, PR China
| | - Xiaonan Yan
- Clinical Center for Reproductive Medicine, Xuzhou Central Hospital, Xuzhou Clinical School of Xuzhou Medical University,199 Jiefang South Road, Xuzhou 221000, PR China.
| | - Ruiqin Yao
- Department of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Xuzhou Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Xuzhou Medical University, 209 Tongshan Road, Xuzhou 221009, PR China.
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13
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Cai Y, He C, Dai Y, Zhang D, Lv G, Lu H, Chen G. Spinal interleukin-24 contributes to neuropathic pain after peripheral nerve injury through interleukin-20 receptor2 in mice. Exp Neurol 2024; 372:114643. [PMID: 38056582 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2023.114643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
Neuroinflammation is critically involved in nerve injury-induced neuropathic pain, characterized by local and systemic increased levels of proinflammatory cytokines. Interleukin-24 (IL-24), a key member of the IL-10 family, has been extensively studied for its therapeutic potential in various diseases, including cancer, autoimmune disorders, and bacterial infections, but whether it is involved in the regulation of neuropathic pain caused by peripheral nerve injury (PNI) has not been well established. In this study, we reported that spared nerve injury (SNI) induced a significant upregulation of IL-24 in fibroblasts, neurons, and oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs, also called NG2-glia) in the affected spinal dorsal horns (SDHs), as well as dorsal root ganglions (DRGs). We also found that tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) induced the transcriptional expression of IL-24 in cultured fibroblasts, neurons, and NG2-glia; in addition, astrocytes, microglia, and NG2-glia treated with TNF-α exhibited a prominent increase in interleukin-20 receptor 2 (IL-20R2) expression. Furthermore, we evaluated the ability of IL-24 and IL-20R2 to attenuate pain in preclinical models of neuropathic pain. Intrathecal (i.t.) injection of IL-24 neutralizing antibody or IL-20R2 neutralizing antibody could effectively alleviate mechanical allodynia and thermal hyperalgesia after PNI. Similarly, intrathecal injection of IL-24 siRNA or IL-20R2 siRNA also alleviated mechanical allodynia after SNI. The inhibition of IL-24 reduced SNI-induced proinflammatory cytokine (IL-1β and TNF-α) production and increased anti-inflammatory cytokine (IL-10) production. Meanwhile, the inhibition of IL-20R2 also decreased IL-1β mRNA expression after SNI. Collectively, our findings revealed that IL-24/IL-20R might contribute to neuropathic pain through inflammatory response. Therefore, targeting IL-24 could be a promising strategy for treating neuropathic pain induced by PNI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunyun Cai
- Center for Basic Medical Research, Medical School of Nantong University, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Cheng He
- Department of Human Anatomy, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yuan Dai
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Dongmei Zhang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Affiliated Hospital 2 of Nantong University, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu Province, China; Jiangsu Provincial Medical Key Discipline (Laboratory) Cultivation Unit of Immunology, Nantong First People's Hospital, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Guangming Lv
- Department of Human Anatomy, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Hongjian Lu
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Affiliated Hospital 2 of Nantong University, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu Province, China; Jiangsu Provincial Medical Key Discipline (Laboratory) Cultivation Unit of Immunology, Nantong First People's Hospital, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu Province, China; Medical Research Center, Affiliated Hospital 2 of Nantong University, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu Province, China.
| | - Gang Chen
- Center for Basic Medical Research, Medical School of Nantong University, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu Province, China; Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu Province, China.
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14
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Chaturvedi S, Singh H, Agarwal V, Jaiswal A, Prasad N. Unravelling the role of Sildenafil and SB204741 in suppressing fibrotic potential of peritoneal fibroblasts obtained from PD patients. Front Pharmacol 2024; 14:1279330. [PMID: 38322704 PMCID: PMC10844479 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1279330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Peritoneal fibrosis (PF) results in technique failure in peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients. Peritoneal fibroblasts are characterized by increase in the ACTA2 gene, responsible for alpha smooth muscle actin (α-SΜΑ), extracellular matrix (ECM) production, and inflammatory cytokines production, which are the are key mediators in the pathogenesis of PF. 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT; serotonin) induces ECM synthesis in fibroblasts in a transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-β1) dependent manner. The purpose of our study was to identify the potential mechanism and role of sildenafil and 5HT2B receptor inhibitor (SB204741) combination in attenuating PD-associated peritoneal fibrosis. Methods: Studies were performed to determine the effect of TGF-β1, sildenafil, and SB204741 on human peritoneal fibroblasts (HPFBs) isolated from the parietal peritoneum of patients in long-term PD patients (n = 6) and controls (n = 6). HPFBs were incubated with TGF-β1 (10 ng/mL) for 1 h and later with TGF-β1 (10 ng/mL)/[sildenafil (10 µM) or SB204741 (1 µM)] and their combination for 24 h (post-treatment strategy). In the pre-treatment strategy, HPFBs were pre-treated with sildenafil (10 µM) or SB204741 (1 µM) and a combination of the two for 1 h and later with only TGF-β1 (10 ng/mL) for 24 h. Results: The anti-fibrotic effects of the combination of sildenafil and SB204741 were greater than that of each drug alone. In TGF-β1-stimulated HPFBs, pro-fibrotic genes (COL1A1, COL1A2, ACTA2, CTGF, FN1, and TGFB1) exhibited higher expression than in controls, which are crucial targets of sildenafil and SB204741 against peritoneal fibrosis. The synergistic approach played an anti-fibrotic role by regulating the pro- and anti-fibrotic gene responses as well as inflammatory cytokine responses. The combination treatment significantly attenuated peritoneal fibrosis, as evident by the almost complete amelioration of ACTA2 expression, restoration of anti-fibrotic genes (MMP2/TIMP1), and, at least, by reducing the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IFN-γ, IL-4, IL-17, IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, and TGF-β1) along with an increase in IL-10 levels. Discussion: Taken together, the above research evidences that the combination of sildenafil and SB204741 may have therapeutic potential in suppressing peritoneal fibrosis due to peritoneal dialysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saurabh Chaturvedi
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, School of Allied Health Sciences, Delhi Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research University, New Delhi, India
| | - Harshit Singh
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
- Immuno Biology Lab, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, Faridabad, Haryana, India
| | - Vikas Agarwal
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Akhilesh Jaiswal
- Department of Nephrology and Renal Transplantation, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Narayan Prasad
- Department of Nephrology and Renal Transplantation, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
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15
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Georgieva-Kotetarova M, Kandilarov I, Vilmosh N, Zlatanova H, Yanchev N, Delev D, Dermendzhiev T, Murdjeva M, Kostadinova I, Kostadinov I. Cannabidiol improves memory and decreases IL-1β serum levels in rats with lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation. Folia Med (Plovdiv) 2023; 65:940-949. [PMID: 38351784 DOI: 10.3897/folmed.65.e107259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
AIM Memory improving and anti-inflammatory properties of cannabidiol (CBD) were investigated in an experimental model of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Delian Delev
- Medical University of Plovdiv, Plovdiv, Bulgaria
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16
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Kuang PP, Liu XQ, Li CG, He BX, Xie YC, Wu ZC, Li CL, Deng XH, Fu QL. Mesenchymal stem cells overexpressing interleukin-10 prevent allergic airway inflammation. Stem Cell Res Ther 2023; 14:369. [PMID: 38093354 PMCID: PMC10720159 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-023-03602-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUNDS Allergic airway inflammation is prevalent worldwide and imposes a considerable burden on both society and affected individuals. This study aimed to investigate the therapeutic advantages of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) overexpressed interleukin-10 (IL-10) for the treatment of allergic airway inflammation, as both IL-10 and MSCs possess immunosuppressive properties. METHODS Induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived MSCs were engineered to overexpress IL-10 via lentiviral transfection (designated as IL-10-MSCs). MSCs and IL-10-MSCs were administered intravenously to mice with allergic inflammation induced by ovalbumin (OVA), and the features of allergic inflammation including inflammatory cell infiltration, Th cells in the lungs, and T helper 2 cell (Th2) cytokine levels in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) were examined. MSCs and IL-10-MSCs were co-cultured with CD4+ T cells from patients with allergic rhinitis (AR), and the levels of Th2 cells and corresponding type 2 cytokines were studied. RNA-sequence was performed to further investigate the potential effects of MSCs and IL-10-MSCs on CD4+ T cells. RESULTS Stable IL-10-MSCs were established and characterised by high IL-10 expression. IL-10-MSCs significantly reduced inflammatory cell infiltration and epithelial goblet cell numbers in the lung tissues of mice with allergic airway inflammation. Inflammatory cell and cytokine levels in BALF also decreased after the administration of IL-10-MSCs. Moreover, IL-10-MSCs showed a stronger capacity to inhibit the levels of Th2 after co-cultured with CD4+ T cells from patients with AR. Furthermore, we elucidated lower levels of IL-5 and IL-13 in IL-10-MSCs treated CD4+ T cells, and blockade of IL-10 significantly reversed the inhibitory effects of IL-10-MSCs. We also reported the mRNA profiles of CD4+ T cells treated with IL-10-MSCs and MSCs, in which IL-10 played an important role. CONCLUSION IL-10-MSCs showed positive effects in the treatment of allergic airway inflammation, providing solid support for the use of genetically engineered MSCs as a potential novel therapy for allergic airway inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng-Peng Kuang
- Otorhinolaryngology Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, 58 Zhongshan Road II, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
- Division of Allergy, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Qing Liu
- Otorhinolaryngology Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, 58 Zhongshan Road II, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
- Division of Allergy, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Chan-Gu Li
- Otorhinolaryngology Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, 58 Zhongshan Road II, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
- Division of Allergy, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Bi-Xin He
- Otorhinolaryngology Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, 58 Zhongshan Road II, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
- Division of Allergy, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying-Chun Xie
- Otorhinolaryngology Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, 58 Zhongshan Road II, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
- Division of Allergy, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Zi-Cong Wu
- Otorhinolaryngology Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, 58 Zhongshan Road II, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
- Extracellular Vesicle Research and Clinical Translational Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, People's Republic of China
| | - Cheng-Lin Li
- Otorhinolaryngology Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, 58 Zhongshan Road II, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Hui Deng
- Otorhinolaryngology Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, 58 Zhongshan Road II, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
- Extracellular Vesicle Research and Clinical Translational Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, People's Republic of China
| | - Qing-Ling Fu
- Otorhinolaryngology Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, 58 Zhongshan Road II, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.
- Division of Allergy, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.
- Extracellular Vesicle Research and Clinical Translational Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, People's Republic of China.
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Okurut S, Boulware DR, Okafor E, Rhein J, Kajumbula H, Bagaya BS, Bwanga F, Olobo JO, Manabe YC, Meya DB, Janoff EN. Divergent neuroimmune signatures in the cerebrospinal fluid predict differential gender-specific survival among patients with HIV-associated cryptococcal meningitis. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1275443. [PMID: 38152404 PMCID: PMC10752005 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1275443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Survival among people with HIV-associated cryptococcal meningitis (CM) remains low, particularly among women, despite the currently optimal use of antifungal drugs. Cryptococcus dissemination into the central nervous system [brain, spinal cord, and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)] elicits the local production of cytokines, chemokines, and other biomarkers. However, no consistent diagnostic or prognostic neuroimmune signature is reported to underpin the risk of death or to identify mechanisms to improve treatment and survival. We hypothesized that distinct neuroimmune signatures in the CSF would distinguish survivors from people who died on antifungal treatment and who may benefit from tailored therapy. Methods We considered baseline clinical features, CSF cryptococcal fungal burden, and CSF neuroimmune signatures with survival at 18 weeks among 419 consenting adults by "gender" (168 women and 251 men by biological sex defined at birth). Results Survival at 18 weeks was significantly lower among women than among men {47% vs. 59%, respectively; hazard ratio (HR) = 1.4 [95% confidence interval (CI), 1.0 to 1.9; p = 0.023]}. Unsupervised principal component analysis (PCA) demonstrated divergent neuroimmune signatures by gender, survival, and intragender-specific survival. Overall, women had lower levels of programmed death ligand 1, Interleukin (IL) (IL-11RA/IL-1F30, and IL-15 (IL-15) than men (all p < 0.028). Female survivors compared with those who died expressed significant elevations in levels of CCL11 and CXCL10 chemokines (both p = 0.001), as well as increased T helper 1, regulatory, and T helper 17 cytokines (all p < 0.041). In contrast, male survivors expressed lower levels of IL-15 and IL-8 compared with men who died (p < 0.044). Conclusions Survivors of both genders demonstrated a significant increase in the levels of immune regulatory IL-10. In conclusion, the lower survival among women with CM was accompanied by distinct differential gender-specific neuroimmune signatures. These female and male intragender-specific survival-associated neuroimmune signatures provide potential targets for interventions to advance therapy to improve the low survival among people with HIV-associated CM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Okurut
- Translation Sciences Laboratory, Research Department, Infectious Diseases Institute, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda
- Department of Medical Microbiology, School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda
| | - David R. Boulware
- Division of Infectious Diseases and International Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | - Elizabeth Okafor
- Division of Infectious Diseases and International Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | - Joshua Rhein
- Division of Infectious Diseases and International Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | - Henry Kajumbula
- Department of Medical Microbiology, School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Bernard S. Bagaya
- Department of Immunology and Molecular Biology, School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Freddie Bwanga
- Department of Medical Microbiology, School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Joseph O. Olobo
- Department of Immunology and Molecular Biology, School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Yukari C. Manabe
- Translation Sciences Laboratory, Research Department, Infectious Diseases Institute, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, John Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - David B. Meya
- Translation Sciences Laboratory, Research Department, Infectious Diseases Institute, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda
- Division of Infectious Diseases and International Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Health Sciences, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Edward N. Janoff
- Mucosal and Vaccine Research Program Colorado, Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO, United States
- Department of Medicine and Infectious Disease, Denver Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Denver, CO, United States
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Kokhan VS, Anokhin PK, Proskuryakova TV, Shokhonova VA, Ageldinov RA, Shamakina IY. Interleukin-1β and TNF-α are elevated in the amygdala of adult rats prenatally exposed to ethanol. BIOMEDITSINSKAIA KHIMIIA 2023; 69:300-306. [PMID: 37937432 DOI: 10.18097/pbmc20236905300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2023]
Abstract
Affective disorders, including anxiety and depression, developed in adult offspring of the mothers who consumed alcohol during pregnancy could be associated with an imbalance in neuroimmune factors in the amygdala (corpus amygdaloideum) resulted in impaired emotional stimulus processing. The aim of this study was to compare the content of cytokines TNF-α, IL-1α, IL-1β, IL-10, and IL-17 in the amygdala of adult female rats exposed to alcohol in utero and control rats. Cytokine levels were evaluated using a multiplex immunoassay system; mRNA expression was investigated using a real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) assay. Prenatal alcohol exposure led to the increase in the content of TNF-α and IL-1β without significant changes in the mRNA expression level. Our data suggest that ethanol exposure to the fetus during pregnancy can result in long-term alterations in the content of the key neuroinflammatory factors in the amygdala, which in turn can be a risk factor for affective disorders in the adulthood.
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Affiliation(s)
- V S Kokhan
- National Scientific Center for Narcology - Branch of the V.P. Serbsky National Medical Research Centre for Psychiatry and Narcology, Moscow, Russia
| | - P K Anokhin
- National Scientific Center for Narcology - Branch of the V.P. Serbsky National Medical Research Centre for Psychiatry and Narcology, Moscow, Russia
| | - T V Proskuryakova
- National Scientific Center for Narcology - Branch of the V.P. Serbsky National Medical Research Centre for Psychiatry and Narcology, Moscow, Russia
| | - V A Shokhonova
- National Scientific Center for Narcology - Branch of the V.P. Serbsky National Medical Research Centre for Psychiatry and Narcology, Moscow, Russia
| | - R A Ageldinov
- Scientific Center of Biomedical Technologies of the Federal Medical and Biological Agency of Russia, Svetlye gory, Moscow Region, Russia
| | - I Yu Shamakina
- National Scientific Center for Narcology - Branch of the V.P. Serbsky National Medical Research Centre for Psychiatry and Narcology, Moscow, Russia
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19
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Nookala S, Mukundan S, Grove B, Combs C. Concurrent Brain Subregion Microgliosis in an HLA-II Mouse Model of Group A Streptococcal Skin Infection. Microorganisms 2023; 11:2356. [PMID: 37764200 PMCID: PMC10538044 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11092356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Revised: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The broad range of clinical manifestations and life-threatening infections caused by the Gram-positive bacterium, Streptococcus pyogenes or Group A Streptococcus (GAS), remains a significant concern to public health, with a subset of individuals developing neurological complications. Here, we examined the concurrent neuroimmune effects of subcutaneous GAS infections in an HLA-Class II (HLA) transgenic mouse model of subcutaneous GAS infection. To investigate changes in the skin-brain axis, HLA-DQ8 (DQA1*0301/DQB1*0302) mice (DQ8) were randomly divided into three groups: uninfected controls (No Inf), GAS infected and untreated (No Tx), and GAS infected with a resolution by clindamycin (CLN) treatment (CLN Tx) (10 mg/kg/5 days) and were monitored for 16 days post-infection. While the skin GAS burden was significantly reduced by CLN, the cortical and hippocampal GAS burden in the male DQ8 mice was not significantly reduced with CLN. Immunoreactivity to anti-GAS antibody revealed the presence of GAS bacteria in the vicinity of the neuronal nucleus in the neocortex of both No Tx and CLN Tx male DQ8 mice. GAS infection-mediated cortical cytokine changes were modest; however, compared to No Inf or No Tx groups, a significant increase in IL-2, IL-13, IL-22, and IL-10 levels was observed in CLN Tx females despite the lack of GAS burden. Western blot analysis of cortical and hippocampal homogenates showed significantly higher ionized calcium-binding adaptor-1 (Iba-1, microglia marker) protein levels in No Tx females and males and CLN Tx males compared to the No Inf group. Immunohistochemical analysis showed that Iba-1 immunoreactivity in the hippocampal CA3 and CA1 subregions was significantly higher in the CLN Tx males compared to the No Tx group. Our data support the possibility that the subcutaneous GAS infection communicates to the brain and is characterized by intraneuronal GAS sequestration, brain cytokine changes, Iba-1 protein levels, and concurrent CA3 and CA1 subregion-specific microgliosis, even without bacteremia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suba Nookala
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND 58202, USA; (S.M.); (B.G.); (C.C.)
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20
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Han M, Liao W, Dong Y, Fei T, Gai Z. Sustained ameliorative effect of Lactobacillus acidophilus LA85 on dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis in mice. J Food Sci 2023; 88:3893-3904. [PMID: 37548631 DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.16723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Revised: 05/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a type of inflammatory bowel disease associated with immune system dysfunction caused by gut dysbiosis. This study aimed to investigate the alleviating effect of Lactobacillus acidophilus LA85 on colitis and its underlying mechanism using mouse models of dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced UC. The UC mouse models were established by treating C57BL/6J male mice with 2.5% (w/v) DSS in drinking water for 7 days. These mice received supplementation with either L. acidophilus LA85 (1 × 109 colony-forming units/day) or 200 µL of sterile water once daily (LA85-treated and UC model mice, respectively). The disease activity index (DAI), colon length, and histological changes in the colons of mice were then analyzed at Day 21, and the effects of L. acidophilus LA85 on the gut microbiota and serum inflammatory cytokines were also investigated. Compared with the UC model mice, L. acidophilus LA85-treated UC mice showed significant reductions in a variety of colitis symptoms, including weight loss, the DAI score, colon shortening, and colon tissue damage. Lactobacillus acidophilus LA85 supplementation also significantly decreased the serum concentrations of tumor necrosis factor α and interleukin-6 while increasing the serum concentration of IL-10. Furthermore, LA85 supplementation improved the diversity and composition of the gut microbiota, both of which had been decreased by DSS. In particular, L. acidophilus LA85-treated UC mice showed higher relative abundances of Akkermansia and Romboutsia than the UC model mice. These results demonstrate that L. acidophilus LA85 can alleviate inflammatory diseases of the intestine, such as inflammatory bowel disease, by regulating immune responses and restoring the gut microbiota. PRACTICAL APPLICATION: Ulcerative colitis is a type of inflammatory bowel disease caused by imbalance of gut microbiota. This study showed that L. acidophilus LA85 can alleviate DSS-induced colitis in mice through regulation of inflammatory cytokines, protection of intestinal barrier, and regulation of specific gut microbiota. L. acidophilus LA85 is a promising probiotic candidate for the treatment of UC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei Han
- Shanghai Business School, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenyan Liao
- State Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology, Technology Center Bright Dairy & Food Co., Ltd., Shanghai, China
| | - Yao Dong
- Department of Research and Development, Wecare Probiotics Co., Ltd., Suzhou, China
| | - Teng Fei
- Department of Research and Development, Wecare Probiotics Co., Ltd., Suzhou, China
| | - Zhonghui Gai
- Department of Research and Development, Wecare Probiotics Co., Ltd., Suzhou, China
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21
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Tan R, Hong R, Sui C, Yang D, Tian H, Zhu T, Yang Y. The role and potential therapeutic targets of astrocytes in central nervous system demyelinating diseases. Front Cell Neurosci 2023; 17:1233762. [PMID: 37720543 PMCID: PMC10502347 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2023.1233762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Astrocytes play vital roles in the central nervous system, contributing significantly to both its normal functioning and pathological conditions. While their involvement in various diseases is increasingly recognized, their exact role in demyelinating lesions remains uncertain. Astrocytes have the potential to influence demyelination positively or negatively. They can produce and release inflammatory molecules that modulate the activation and movement of other immune cells. Moreover, they can aid in the clearance of myelin debris through phagocytosis and facilitate the recruitment and differentiation of oligodendrocyte precursor cells, thereby promoting axonal remyelination. However, excessive or prolonged astrocyte phagocytosis can exacerbate demyelination and lead to neurological impairments. This review provides an overview of the involvement of astrocytes in various demyelinating diseases, emphasizing the underlying mechanisms that contribute to demyelination. Additionally, we discuss the interactions between oligodendrocytes, oligodendrocyte precursor cells and astrocytes as therapeutic options to support myelin regeneration. Furthermore, we explore the role of astrocytes in repairing synaptic dysfunction, which is also a crucial pathological process in these disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Tan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai Sixth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Rui Hong
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai Sixth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Chunxiao Sui
- Department of Molecular Imaging and Nuclear Medicine, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer; Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer; Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, China
| | - Dianxu Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai Sixth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hengli Tian
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai Sixth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Tao Zhu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai Sixth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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22
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Okurut S, Boulware DR, Okafor E, Rhein J, Kajumbula H, Bagaya B, Bwanga F, Olobo JO, Manabe YC, Meya DB, Janoff EN. Divergent Neuroimmune Signatures in the Cerebrospinal Fluid Predict Differential Gender-Specific Survival Among Patients With HIV-Associated Cryptococcal Meningitis. MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2023:2023.08.09.23293903. [PMID: 37645984 PMCID: PMC10462187 DOI: 10.1101/2023.08.09.23293903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
Survival among people with HIV-associated cryptococcal meningitis (CM) remains low, exceptionally among women with the increased threat of death on current optimal use of antifungal drugs. Cryptococcus dissemination into the central nervous system (CNS) prompts a neuroimmune reaction to activate pathogen concomitant factors. However, no consistent diagnostic or prognostic immune-mediated signature is reported to underpin the risk of death or mechanism to improve treatment or survival. We theorized that the distinct neuroimmune cytokine or chemokine signatures in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), distinguish survivors from people who died on antifungal treatment, who may benefit from tailored therapy. We considered the baseline clinical disease features, cryptococcal microbiologic factors, and CSF neuroimmune modulated signatures among 419 consenting adults by gender (biological sex assigned at birth) (168 females and 251 males) by 18 weeks of survival on antifungal management. Survival at 18 weeks was inferior among females than males (47% vs. 59%; hazard ratio HR=1.4, 95% CI: 1.0 to 1.9, and p=0.023). Unsupervised principal component analysis (PCA) demonstrated the divergent neuroimmune signatures by gender, survival, and intragender-specific survival. Overall, females displayed lower levels of PD-L1, IL-1RA, and IL-15 than males (all p≤0.028). Female survivors compared with those who died, expressed significant fold elevations in levels of CSF (CCL11 - myeloid and CXCL10 - lymphoid chemokine (in both p=0.001), and CSF Th1, Th2, and Th17 cytokines. In contrast, male survivors expressed distinctly lower levels of CSF IL-15 and IL-8 compared with those who died. Survivors of either gender demonstrated a significant increase in the levels of immune regulatory element, IL-10. In the finale, we classified divergent neuroimmune key signatures in CSF by gender, survival, and intragender-specific survival among people with HIV-associated cryptococcal meningitis. These intragender-specific survival associated-neuroimmune signatures, suggests the discrete role of gender immune regulating mechanisms as the possible targets for interventions to advance therapy to improve survival among people with HIV-associated cryptococcal meningitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Okurut
- Translation Sciences Laboratory, Research Department, Infectious Diseases Institute, Makerere University, Box 22418, Kampala, Uganda
- Department of Medical Microbiology, School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Makerere University, 7072, Kampala, Uganda
| | - David R Boulware
- Division of Infectious Diseases and International Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Elizabeth Okafor
- Division of Infectious Diseases and International Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Joshua Rhein
- Division of Infectious Diseases and International Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Henry Kajumbula
- Department of Medical Microbiology, School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Makerere University, 7072, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Bernard Bagaya
- Department of Immunology and Molecular Biology, School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Makerere University, Box 7072, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Freddie Bwanga
- Department of Medical Microbiology, School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Makerere University, 7072, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Joseph O Olobo
- Department of Immunology and Molecular Biology, School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Makerere University, Box 7072, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Yukari C Manabe
- Translation Sciences Laboratory, Research Department, Infectious Diseases Institute, Makerere University, Box 22418, Kampala, Uganda
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, John Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, MD, 21205, USA
| | - David B Meya
- Translation Sciences Laboratory, Research Department, Infectious Diseases Institute, Makerere University, Box 22418, Kampala, Uganda
- Division of Infectious Diseases and International Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Health Sciences, Makerere University, 7072, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Edward N Janoff
- Mucosal and Vaccine Research Program Colorado, Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, Colorado, 80045, USA
- Denver Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Denver CO, 80045, USA
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23
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Genizi J, Berger L, Mahajnah M, Shlonsky Y, Golan-Shany O, Romem A, Halevy A, Nathan K, Sharkia R, Zalan A, Kessel A, Cohen R. High CCL2 Levels Detected in CSF of Patients with Pediatric Pseudotumor Cerebri Syndrome. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 10:1122. [PMID: 37508619 PMCID: PMC10378220 DOI: 10.3390/children10071122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2023] [Revised: 06/18/2023] [Accepted: 06/25/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
Pseudotumor cerebri (PTC) is a disorder characterized by increased intracranial pressure in the absence of a structural lesion or other identifiable cause. Cytokines, which are involved in the regulation of immune responses and inflammation, have been implicated in the pathogenesis of PTC. In a prospective, cross-sectional study at three centers in Israel, we analyzed cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples from 60 children aged 0.5-18 years, including 43 children with a definitive diagnosis of PTC and a control group of 17 children. Levels of IL-4, IL-10, IL-17, CCL2, CCL7, CCL8, CCL13, BDNF, and IFN-γ were measured using ELISA kits. Levels of CCL2 were significantly higher in the PTC group compared to the control group (p < 0.05), with no other significant differences in the measured cytokines between the two groups. The groups did not differ significantly in clinical presentation, imaging, treatment, or ophthalmic findings. Our findings provide preliminary evidence that CCL2 may be involved in the pathogenesis of PTC and may serve a potential target for therapy in PTC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob Genizi
- Pediatric Department, Bnai Zion Medical Center, Haifa 3104802, Israel
- Bruce Rappaport Faulty of Medicine, Technion, Haifa 3109601, Israel
| | - Lotan Berger
- Pediatric Department, Bnai Zion Medical Center, Haifa 3104802, Israel
| | - Muhammad Mahajnah
- Bruce Rappaport Faulty of Medicine, Technion, Haifa 3109601, Israel
- Pediatric Neurology Unit, Hillel Yaffe Medical Center, Hadera 3810000, Israel
| | - Yulia Shlonsky
- Microbiology Lab, Bnai Zion Medical Center, Haifa 3104802, Israel
| | - Orit Golan-Shany
- Microbiology Lab, Bnai Zion Medical Center, Haifa 3104802, Israel
| | - Azriel Romem
- Pediatric Department, Bnai Zion Medical Center, Haifa 3104802, Israel
| | - Ayelet Halevy
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, Schneider Children's Medical Center of Israel, Petah Tikva 4920235, Israel
| | - Keren Nathan
- Pediatric Department, Bnai Zion Medical Center, Haifa 3104802, Israel
| | - Rajech Sharkia
- Beit-Berl Academic College, Beit-Berl 4490500, Israel
- Unit of Human Biology and Genetics, Triangle Regional Research and Development Center, Kfar Qari' 3007500, Israel
| | - Abdelnaser Zalan
- Unit of Human Biology and Genetics, Triangle Regional Research and Development Center, Kfar Qari' 3007500, Israel
| | - Aharon Kessel
- Bruce Rappaport Faulty of Medicine, Technion, Haifa 3109601, Israel
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Bnai Zion Medical Center, Haifa 3104802, Israel
| | - Rony Cohen
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, Schneider Children's Medical Center of Israel, Petah Tikva 4920235, Israel
- Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
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Wedel S, Hahnefeld L, Schreiber Y, Namendorf C, Heymann T, Uhr M, Schmidt MV, de Bruin N, Hausch F, Thomas D, Geisslinger G, Sisignano M. SAFit2 ameliorates paclitaxel-induced neuropathic pain by reducing spinal gliosis and elevating pro-resolving lipid mediators. J Neuroinflammation 2023; 20:149. [PMID: 37355700 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-023-02835-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chemotherapy-induced neuropathic pain (CIPN) describes a pathological pain state that occurs dose-dependently as a side effect and can limit or even impede an effective cancer therapy. Unfortunately, current treatment possibilities for CIPN are remarkably confined and mostly inadequate as CIPN therapeutics themselves consist of low effectiveness and may induce severe side effects, pointing out CIPN as pathological entity with an emerging need for novel treatment targets. Here, we investigated whether the novel and highly specific FKBP51 inhibitor SAFit2 reduces paclitaxel-induced neuropathic pain. METHODS In this study, we used a well-established multiple low-dose paclitaxel model to investigate analgesic and anti-inflammatory properties of SAFit2. For this purpose, the behavior of the mice was recorded over 14 days and the mouse tissue was then analyzed using biochemical methods. RESULTS Here, we show that SAFit2 is capable to reduce paclitaxel-induced mechanical hypersensitivity in mice. In addition, we detected that SAFit2 shifts lipid levels in nervous tissue toward an anti-inflammatory and pro-resolving lipid profile that counteracts peripheral sensitization after paclitaxel treatment. Furthermore, SAFit2 reduced the activation of astrocytes and microglia in the spinal cord as well as the levels of pain-mediating chemokines. Its treatment also increased anti-inflammatory cytokines levels in neuronal tissues, ultimately leading to a resolution of neuroinflammation. CONCLUSIONS In summary, SAFit2 shows antihyperalgesic properties as it ameliorates paclitaxel-induced neuropathic pain by reducing peripheral sensitization and resolving neuroinflammation. Therefore, we consider SAFit2 as a potential novel drug candidate for the treatment of paclitaxel-induced neuropathic pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saskia Wedel
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Pharmazentrum Frankfurt/ZAFES, University Hospital, Goethe-University, 60590, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Lisa Hahnefeld
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Pharmazentrum Frankfurt/ZAFES, University Hospital, Goethe-University, 60590, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, and Fraunhofer Cluster of Excellence for Immune Mediated Diseases CIMD, 60596, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Yannick Schreiber
- Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, and Fraunhofer Cluster of Excellence for Immune Mediated Diseases CIMD, 60596, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Christian Namendorf
- Core Unit Analytics and Mass Spectrometry, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, 80804, Munich, Germany
| | - Tim Heymann
- Department of Biochemistry, Technical University of Darmstadt, 64287, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Manfred Uhr
- Core Unit Analytics and Mass Spectrometry, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, 80804, Munich, Germany
| | - Mathias V Schmidt
- Core Unit Analytics and Mass Spectrometry, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, 80804, Munich, Germany
| | - Natasja de Bruin
- Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, and Fraunhofer Cluster of Excellence for Immune Mediated Diseases CIMD, 60596, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Felix Hausch
- Department of Biochemistry, Technical University of Darmstadt, 64287, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Dominique Thomas
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Pharmazentrum Frankfurt/ZAFES, University Hospital, Goethe-University, 60590, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, and Fraunhofer Cluster of Excellence for Immune Mediated Diseases CIMD, 60596, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Gerd Geisslinger
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Pharmazentrum Frankfurt/ZAFES, University Hospital, Goethe-University, 60590, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, and Fraunhofer Cluster of Excellence for Immune Mediated Diseases CIMD, 60596, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Marco Sisignano
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Pharmazentrum Frankfurt/ZAFES, University Hospital, Goethe-University, 60590, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
- Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, and Fraunhofer Cluster of Excellence for Immune Mediated Diseases CIMD, 60596, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
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Kak G, Van Roy Z, Heim CE, Fallet RW, Shi W, Roers A, Duan B, Kielian T. IL-10 production by granulocytes promotes Staphylococcus aureus craniotomy infection. J Neuroinflammation 2023; 20:114. [PMID: 37179295 PMCID: PMC10183138 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-023-02798-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Treatment of brain tumors, epilepsy, or hemodynamic abnormalities requires a craniotomy to access the brain. Nearly 1 million craniotomies are performed in the US annually, which increase to ~ 14 million worldwide and despite prophylaxis, infectious complications after craniotomy range from 1 to 3%. Approximately half are caused by Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), which forms a biofilm on the bone flap that is recalcitrant to antibiotics and immune-mediated clearance. However, the mechanisms responsible for the persistence of craniotomy infection remain largely unknown. The current study examined the role of IL-10 in promoting bacterial survival. METHODS A mouse model of S. aureus craniotomy infection was used with wild type (WT), IL-10 knockout (KO), and IL-10 conditional KO mice where IL-10 was absent in microglia and monocytes/macrophages (CX3CR1CreIL-10 fl/fl) or neutrophils and granulocytic myeloid-derived suppressor cells (G-MDSCs; Mrp8CreIL-10 fl/fl), the major immune cell populations in the infected brain vs. subcutaneous galea, respectively. Mice were examined at various intervals post-infection to quantify bacterial burden, leukocyte recruitment, and inflammatory mediator production in the brain and galea to assess the role of IL-10 in craniotomy persistence. In addition, the role of G-MDSC-derived IL-10 on neutrophil activity was examined. RESULTS Granulocytes (neutrophils and G-MDSCs) were the major producers of IL-10 during craniotomy infection. Bacterial burden was significantly reduced in IL-10 KO mice in the brain and galea at day 14 post-infection compared to WT animals, concomitant with increased CD4+ and γδ T cell recruitment and cytokine/chemokine production, indicative of a heightened proinflammatory response. S. aureus burden was reduced in Mrp8CreIL-10 fl/fl but not CX3CR1CreIL-10 fl/fl mice that was reversed following treatment with exogenous IL-10, suggesting that granulocyte-derived IL-10 was important for promoting S. aureus craniotomy infection. This was likely due, in part, to IL-10 production by G-MDSCs that inhibited neutrophil bactericidal activity and TNF production. CONCLUSION Collectively, these findings reveal a novel role for granulocyte-derived IL-10 in suppressing S. aureus clearance during craniotomy infection, which is one mechanism to account for biofilm persistence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gunjan Kak
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, 985900 Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198-5900, USA
| | - Zachary Van Roy
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, 985900 Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198-5900, USA
| | - Cortney E Heim
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, 985900 Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198-5900, USA
| | - Rachel W Fallet
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, 985900 Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198-5900, USA
| | - Wen Shi
- Mary and Dick Holland Regenerative Medicine Program, Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Axel Roers
- Institute of Immunology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Bin Duan
- Mary and Dick Holland Regenerative Medicine Program, Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Tammy Kielian
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, 985900 Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198-5900, USA.
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Chamera K, Curzytek K, Kamińska K, Trojan E, Leśkiewicz M, Tylek K, Regulska M, Basta-Kaim A. Insights into the Potential Impact of Quetiapine on the Microglial Trajectory and Inflammatory Response in Organotypic Cortical Cultures Derived from Rat Offspring. Biomedicines 2023; 11:biomedicines11051405. [PMID: 37239076 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11051405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Revised: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Atypical antipsychotics currently constitute the first-line medication for schizophrenia, with quetiapine being one of the most commonly prescribed representatives of the group. Along with its specific affinity for multiple receptors, this compound exerts other biological characteristics, among which anti-inflammatory effects are strongly suggested. Simultaneously, published data indicated that inflammation and microglial activation could be diminished by stimulation of the CD200 receptor (CD200R), which takes place by binding to its ligand (CD200) or soluble CD200 fusion protein (CD200Fc). Therefore, in the present study, we sought to evaluate whether quetiapine could affect certain aspects of microglial activity, including the CD200-CD200R and CX3CL1-CX3CR1 axes, which are involved in the regulation of neuron-microglia interactions, as well as the expression of selected markers of the pro- and anti-inflammatory profile of microglia (Cd40, Il-1β, Il-6, Cebpb, Cd206, Arg1, Il-10 and Tgf-β). Concurrently, we examined the impact of quetiapine and CD200Fc on the IL-6 and IL-10 protein levels. The abovementioned aspects were investigated in organotypic cortical cultures (OCCs) prepared from the offspring of control rats (control OCCs) or those subjected to maternal immune activation (MIA OCCs), which is a widely implemented approach to explore schizophrenia-like disturbances in animals. The experiments were performed under basal conditions and after additional exposure to the bacterial endotoxin lipopolysaccharide (LPS), according to the "two-hit" hypothesis of schizophrenia. The results of our research revealed differences between control and MIA OCCs under basal conditions and in response to treatment with LPS in terms of lactate dehydrogenase and nitric oxide release as well as Cd200r, Il-1β, Il-6 and Cd206 expression. The additional stimulation with the bacterial endotoxin resulted in a notable change in the mRNA levels of pro- and anti-inflammatory microglial markers in both types of OCCs. Quetiapine diminished the influence of LPS on Il-1β, Il-6, Cebpb and Arg1 expression in control OCCs as well as on IL-6 and IL-10 levels in MIA OCCs. Moreover, CD200Fc reduced the impact of the bacterial endotoxin on IL-6 production in MIA OCCs. Thus, our results demonstrated that quetiapine, as well as the stimulation of CD200R by CD200Fc, beneficially affected LPS-induced neuroimmunological changes, including microglia-related activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Chamera
- Laboratory of Immunoendocrinology, Department of Experimental Neuroendocrinology, Maj Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 12 Smętna St., 31-343 Kraków, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Curzytek
- Laboratory of Immunoendocrinology, Department of Experimental Neuroendocrinology, Maj Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 12 Smętna St., 31-343 Kraków, Poland
| | - Kinga Kamińska
- Laboratory of Immunoendocrinology, Department of Experimental Neuroendocrinology, Maj Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 12 Smętna St., 31-343 Kraków, Poland
| | - Ewa Trojan
- Laboratory of Immunoendocrinology, Department of Experimental Neuroendocrinology, Maj Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 12 Smętna St., 31-343 Kraków, Poland
| | - Monika Leśkiewicz
- Laboratory of Immunoendocrinology, Department of Experimental Neuroendocrinology, Maj Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 12 Smętna St., 31-343 Kraków, Poland
| | - Kinga Tylek
- Laboratory of Immunoendocrinology, Department of Experimental Neuroendocrinology, Maj Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 12 Smętna St., 31-343 Kraków, Poland
| | - Magdalena Regulska
- Laboratory of Immunoendocrinology, Department of Experimental Neuroendocrinology, Maj Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 12 Smętna St., 31-343 Kraków, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Basta-Kaim
- Laboratory of Immunoendocrinology, Department of Experimental Neuroendocrinology, Maj Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 12 Smętna St., 31-343 Kraków, Poland
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Kaminski VDL, Michita RT, Ellwanger JH, Veit TD, Schuch JB, Riesgo RDS, Roman T, Chies JAB. Exploring potential impacts of pregnancy-related maternal immune activation and extracellular vesicles on immune alterations observed in autism spectrum disorder. Heliyon 2023; 9:e15593. [PMID: 37305482 PMCID: PMC10256833 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e15593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Revised: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a set of neurodevelopmental disorders usually observed in early life, with impacts on behavioral and social skills. Incidence of ASD has been dramatically increasing worldwide, possibly due to increase in awareness/diagnosis as well as to genetic and environmental triggers. Currently, it is estimated that ∼1% of the world population presents ASD symptoms. In addition to its genetic background, environmental and immune-related factors also influence the ASD etiology. In this context, maternal immune activation (MIA) has recently been suggested as a component potentially involved in ASD development. In addition, extracellular vesicles (EVs) are abundant at the maternal-fetal interface and are actively involved in the immunoregulation required for a healthy pregnancy. Considering that alterations in concentration and content of EVs have also been associated with ASD, this article raises a debate about the potential roles of EVs in the processes surrounding MIA. This represents the major differential of the present review compared to other ASD studies. To support the suggested correlations and hypotheses, findings regarding the roles of EVs during pregnancy and potential influences on ASD are discussed, along with a review and update concerning the participation of infections, cytokine unbalances, overweight and obesity, maternal anti-fetal brain antibodies, maternal fever, gestational diabetes, preeclampsia, labor type and microbiota unbalances in MIA and ASD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valéria de Lima Kaminski
- Laboratório de Imunobiologia e Imunogenética, Departamento de Genética, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul – UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética e Biologia Molecular, Departamento de Genética, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul – UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia, Laboratório de Imunologia Aplicada, Instituto de Ciência e Tecnologia - ICT, Universidade Federal de São Paulo - UNIFESP, São José dos Campos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rafael Tomoya Michita
- Laboratório de Genética Molecular Humana, Universidade Luterana do Brasil - ULBRA, Canoas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Joel Henrique Ellwanger
- Laboratório de Imunobiologia e Imunogenética, Departamento de Genética, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul – UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética e Biologia Molecular, Departamento de Genética, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul – UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Tiago Degani Veit
- Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Departmento de Microbiologia, Imunologia e Parasitologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul - UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Jaqueline Bohrer Schuch
- Centro de Pesquisa em Álcool e Drogas, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul - UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Psiquiatria e Ciências do Comportamento, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul – UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Rudimar dos Santos Riesgo
- Child Neurology Unit, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul - UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Tatiana Roman
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética e Biologia Molecular, Departamento de Genética, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul – UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - José Artur Bogo Chies
- Laboratório de Imunobiologia e Imunogenética, Departamento de Genética, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul – UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética e Biologia Molecular, Departamento de Genética, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul – UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
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Zhang Q, Sioud M. Tumor-Associated Macrophage Subsets: Shaping Polarization and Targeting. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:7493. [PMID: 37108657 PMCID: PMC10138703 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24087493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Revised: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/16/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The tumor microenvironment (TME) is a critical regulator of tumor growth, progression, and metastasis. Among the innate immune cells recruited to the tumor site, macrophages are the most abundant cell population and are present at all stages of tumor progression. They undergo M1/M2 polarization in response to signals derived from TME. M1 macrophages suppress tumor growth, while their M2 counterparts exert pro-tumoral effects by promoting tumor growth, angiogenesis, metastasis, and resistance to current therapies. Several subsets of the M2 phenotype have been observed, often denoted as M2a, M2b, M2c, and M2d. These are induced by different stimuli and differ in phenotypes as well as functions. In this review, we discuss the key features of each M2 subset, their implications in cancers, and highlight the strategies that are being developed to harness TAMs for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qindong Zhang
- Division of Cancer Medicine, Department of Cancer Immunology, Oslo University Hospital, University of Oslo, Ullernchausseen 70, 0379 Oslo, Norway;
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Oslo, Blindern, P.O. Box 1068, 0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - Mouldy Sioud
- Division of Cancer Medicine, Department of Cancer Immunology, Oslo University Hospital, University of Oslo, Ullernchausseen 70, 0379 Oslo, Norway;
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29
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Agarwal M, Sharma A, Kagoo R A, Bhargava A. Interactions between genes altered during cardiotoxicity and neurotoxicity in zebrafish revealed using induced network modules analysis. Sci Rep 2023; 13:6257. [PMID: 37069190 PMCID: PMC10110561 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-33145-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 04/19/2023] Open
Abstract
As the manufacturing and development of new synthetic compounds increase to keep pace with the expanding global demand, adverse health effects due to these compounds are emerging as critical public health concerns. Zebrafish have become a prominent model organism to study toxicology due to their genomic similarity to humans, optical clarity, well-defined developmental stages, short generation time, and cost-effective maintenance. It also provides a shorter time frame for in vivo toxicology evaluation compared to the mammalian experimental systems. Here, we used meta-analysis to examine the alteration in genes during cardiotoxicity and neurotoxicity in zebrafish, caused by chemical exposure of any kind. First, we searched the literature comprehensively for genes that are altered during neurotoxicity and cardiotoxicity followed by meta-analysis using ConsensusPathDB. Since constant communication between the heart and the brain is an important physiological phenomenon, we also analyzed interactions among genes altered simultaneously during cardiotoxicity and neurotoxicity using induced network modules analysis in ConsensusPathDB. We observed inflammation and regeneration as the major pathways involved in cardiotoxicity and neurotoxicity. A large number of intermediate genes and input genes anchored in these pathways are molecular regulators of cell cycle progression and cell death and are implicated in tumor manifestation. We propose potential predictive biomarkers for neurotoxicity and cardiotoxicity and the major pathways potentially implicated in the manifestation of a particular toxicity phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manusmriti Agarwal
- Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad (IITH), Kandi, Telangana, 502284, India
| | - Ankush Sharma
- Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad (IITH), Kandi, Telangana, 502284, India
| | - Andrea Kagoo R
- Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad (IITH), Kandi, Telangana, 502284, India
| | - Anamika Bhargava
- Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad (IITH), Kandi, Telangana, 502284, India.
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Edwards GA, Wood CA, Nguyen Q, Kim PJ, Gomez-Gutierrez R, Park KW, Zurhellen C, Al-Ramahi I, Jankowsky JL. TMEM106B coding variant is protective and deletion detrimental in a mouse model of tauopathy. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.03.23.533978. [PMID: 36993574 PMCID: PMC10055407 DOI: 10.1101/2023.03.23.533978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/30/2023]
Abstract
TMEM106B is a risk modifier for a growing list of age-associated dementias including Alzheimer’s and frontotemporal dementia, yet its function remains elusive. Two key questions that emerge from past work are whether the conservative T185S coding variant found in the minor haplotype contributes to protection, and whether the presence of TMEM106B is helpful or harmful in the context of disease. Here we address both issues while extending the testbed for study of TMEM106B from models of TDP to tauopathy. We show that TMEM106B deletion accelerates cognitive decline, hindlimb paralysis, neuropathology, and neurodegeneration. TMEM106B deletion also increases transcriptional overlap with human AD, making it a better model of disease than tau alone. In contrast, the coding variant protects against tau-associated cognitive decline, neurodegeneration, and paralysis without affecting tau pathology. Our findings show that the coding variant contributes to neuroprotection and suggest that TMEM106B is a critical safeguard against tau aggregation.
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Coronas V, Arnault P, Jégou JF, Cousin L, Rabeony H, Clarhaut S, Harnois T, Lecron JC, Morel F. IL-22 Promotes Neural Stem Cell Self-Renewal in the Adult Brain. Stem Cells 2023; 41:252-259. [PMID: 36635952 DOI: 10.1093/stmcls/sxad003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Mainly known for its role in immune defense and inflammation, interleukin 22 (IL-22) has emerged over the past decade as a cytokine involved in the adaptation of stem/progenitor cell activity for tissue homeostasis and repair. IL-22 is present in the brain, which harbors neural stem cells (NSC) in specific niches of which the ventricular-subventricular zone (V-SVZ) is the most important. In this study, we examined a possible effect of IL-22 on NSC in the adult mouse brain. We demonstrate that the IL-22 receptor is expressed in the V-SVZ, mainly in NSC characterized by their SOX2 expression. Addition of IL-22 to V-VSZ cell cultures resulted in an increase in NSC self-renewal, associated with a shift in NSC division mode towards symmetric proliferative divisions at the expense of differentiative divisions. Conversely, loss of IL-22 in knockout mice led to a decrease in neurosphere yield, suggesting a reduction in the NSC population, which was confirmed by the decrease in cells retaining BrdU labeling in IL-22 knockout mice. Our study supports that IL-22 is involved in the development and/or maintenance of V-VSZ NSC and opens new avenues to further investigate the role of IL-22 in NSC biology in health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valérie Coronas
- 4CS, Laboratory Channels & Connexins in Cancers and Cell Stemness, CNRS UMR 6041, University of Poitiers, Poitiers, France
| | - Patricia Arnault
- 4CS, Laboratory Channels & Connexins in Cancers and Cell Stemness, CNRS UMR 6041, University of Poitiers, Poitiers, France
| | - Jean-François Jégou
- LITEC, Laboratoire Inflammation, Tissus Epithéliaux et Cytokines, University of Poitiers, Poitiers, France
| | - Laetitia Cousin
- 4CS, Laboratory Channels & Connexins in Cancers and Cell Stemness, CNRS UMR 6041, University of Poitiers, Poitiers, France
| | - Hanitriniaina Rabeony
- LITEC, Laboratoire Inflammation, Tissus Epithéliaux et Cytokines, University of Poitiers, Poitiers, France
| | - Sandrine Clarhaut
- LITEC, Laboratoire Inflammation, Tissus Epithéliaux et Cytokines, University of Poitiers, Poitiers, France
| | - Thomas Harnois
- 4CS, Laboratory Channels & Connexins in Cancers and Cell Stemness, CNRS UMR 6041, University of Poitiers, Poitiers, France
| | - Jean-Claude Lecron
- LITEC, Laboratoire Inflammation, Tissus Epithéliaux et Cytokines, University of Poitiers, Poitiers, France
- Service Immunologie et Inflammation, UBM, CHU de Poitiers, Poitiers, France
| | - Franck Morel
- LITEC, Laboratoire Inflammation, Tissus Epithéliaux et Cytokines, University of Poitiers, Poitiers, France
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Gál L, Bellák T, Marton A, Fekécs Z, Weissman D, Török D, Biju R, Vizler C, Kristóf R, Beattie MB, Lin PJ, Pardi N, Nógrádi A, Pajer K. Restoration of Motor Function through Delayed Intraspinal Delivery of Human IL-10-Encoding Nucleoside-Modified mRNA after Spinal Cord Injury. RESEARCH (WASHINGTON, D.C.) 2023; 6:0056. [PMID: 36930811 PMCID: PMC10013810 DOI: 10.34133/research.0056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Efficient in vivo delivery of anti-inflammatory proteins to modulate the microenvironment of an injured spinal cord and promote neuroprotection and functional recovery is a great challenge. Nucleoside-modified messenger RNA (mRNA) has become a promising new modality that can be utilized for the safe and efficient delivery of therapeutic proteins. Here, we used lipid nanoparticle (LNP)-encapsulated human interleukin-10 (hIL-10)-encoding nucleoside-modified mRNA to induce neuroprotection and functional recovery following rat spinal cord contusion injury. Intralesional administration of hIL-10 mRNA-LNP to rats led to a remarkable reduction of the microglia/macrophage reaction in the injured spinal segment and induced significant functional recovery compared to controls. Furthermore, hIL-10 mRNA treatment induced increased expression in tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase 1 and ciliary neurotrophic factor levels in the affected spinal segment indicating a time-delayed secondary effect of IL-10 5 d after injection. Our results suggest that treatment with nucleoside-modified mRNAs encoding neuroprotective factors is an effective strategy for spinal cord injury repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- László Gál
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Tamás Bellák
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Annamária Marton
- National Biotechnology Laboratory, Institute of Genetics, Biological Research Centre, Szeged, Hungary
- Institute of Biochemistry, Biological Research Centre, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Zoltán Fekécs
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Drew Weissman
- Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Dénes Török
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Rachana Biju
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Csaba Vizler
- National Biotechnology Laboratory, Institute of Genetics, Biological Research Centre, Szeged, Hungary
- Institute of Biochemistry, Biological Research Centre, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Rebeka Kristóf
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | | | | | - Norbert Pardi
- Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Antal Nógrádi
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Krisztián Pajer
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
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Barabási B, Barna L, Santa-Maria AR, Harazin A, Molnár R, Kincses A, Vigh JP, Dukay B, Sántha M, Tóth ME, Walter FR, Deli MA, Hoyk Z. Role of interleukin-6 and interleukin-10 in morphological and functional changes of the blood-brain barrier in hypertriglyceridemia. Fluids Barriers CNS 2023; 20:15. [PMID: 36882782 PMCID: PMC9990353 DOI: 10.1186/s12987-023-00418-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hypertriglyceridemia is closely linked to atherosclerosis related inflammatory processes and blood-brain barrier (BBB) dysfunction. Using apolipoprotein B-100 (APOB-100) transgenic mice, an animal model of chronic hypertriglyceridemia, we analyzed BBB function and morphology in vitro and ex vivo. Our objective was to determine which BBB characteristics are produced mainly by interleukin (IL)-6, an atherosclerosis promoting cytokine, and whether these actions can be antagonized by IL-10, an anti-inflammatory cytokine. METHODS Brain endothelial and glial cell cultures and brain microvessels were isolated from wild type (WT) and APOB-100 transgenic mice and were treated with IL-6, IL-10 and their combination. First, IL-6 and IL-10 production was measured in WT and APOB-100 microvessels using qPCR. Then functional parameters of endothelial cell cultures were analyzed and immunocytochemistry for key BBB proteins was performed. RESULTS IL-6 mRNA levels were higher in brain microvessels than in brain parenchyma of APOB-100 transgenic mice. Transendothelial electric resistance and P-glycoprotein activity were lower, and paracellular permeability was higher in cultured APOB-100 brain endothelial cells. These features were sensitive to both IL-6 and IL-10 treatments. A decreased P-glycoprotein immunostaining was measured in transgenic endothelial cells under control conditions and in WT cells after treating them with IL-6. This effect was antagonized by IL-10. Changes in immunostaining for tight junction proteins were observed after IL-6 exposure, which were in part antagonized by IL-10. In glial cell cultures an increase in aquaporin-4 immunolabeling in the transgenic group and an increase in microglia cell density in WT glia cultures was detected after IL-6 treatment, which was antagonized by IL-10. In isolated brain microvessels a decrease in P-glycoprotein immunolabeled area fraction was measured in APOB-100 microvessels under control conditions and in WT microvessels after every cytokine treatment. ZO-1 immunolabeling showed characteristics similar to that of P-glycoprotein. No change was seen in claudin-5 and occludin immunoreactive area fractions in microvessels. A decrease in aquaporin-4 immunoreactivity was measured in WT microvessels treated by IL-6, which was antagonized by IL-10. CONCLUSION IL-6 produced in microvessels contributes to BBB impairment observed in the APOB-100 mice. We showed that IL-10 partly antagonizes the effects of IL-6 at the BBB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beáta Barabási
- Institute of Biophysics, Biological Research Centre, Temesvári Krt. 62, Szeged, 6726, Hungary.,Doctoral School of Theoretical Medicine, University of Szeged, Tisza L. Krt. 109, Szeged, 6725, Hungary
| | - Lilla Barna
- Institute of Biophysics, Biological Research Centre, Temesvári Krt. 62, Szeged, 6726, Hungary
| | - Ana Raquel Santa-Maria
- Institute of Biophysics, Biological Research Centre, Temesvári Krt. 62, Szeged, 6726, Hungary.,Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering at Harvard University, 3 Blackfan Circle, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - András Harazin
- Institute of Biophysics, Biological Research Centre, Temesvári Krt. 62, Szeged, 6726, Hungary
| | - Réka Molnár
- Institute of Biophysics, Biological Research Centre, Temesvári Krt. 62, Szeged, 6726, Hungary
| | - András Kincses
- Institute of Biophysics, Biological Research Centre, Temesvári Krt. 62, Szeged, 6726, Hungary
| | - Judit P Vigh
- Institute of Biophysics, Biological Research Centre, Temesvári Krt. 62, Szeged, 6726, Hungary
| | - Brigitta Dukay
- Institute of Biochemistry, Biological Research Centre, Temesvári Krt. 62, Szeged, 6726, Hungary
| | - Miklós Sántha
- Institute of Biochemistry, Biological Research Centre, Temesvári Krt. 62, Szeged, 6726, Hungary
| | - Melinda E Tóth
- Institute of Biochemistry, Biological Research Centre, Temesvári Krt. 62, Szeged, 6726, Hungary
| | - Fruzsina R Walter
- Institute of Biophysics, Biological Research Centre, Temesvári Krt. 62, Szeged, 6726, Hungary.
| | - Mária A Deli
- Institute of Biophysics, Biological Research Centre, Temesvári Krt. 62, Szeged, 6726, Hungary.
| | - Zsófia Hoyk
- Institute of Biophysics, Biological Research Centre, Temesvári Krt. 62, Szeged, 6726, Hungary.
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Butyrate promotes post-stroke outcomes in aged mice via interleukin-22. Exp Neurol 2023; 363:114351. [PMID: 36804553 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2023.114351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 02/19/2023]
Abstract
Aging increases the risk of stroke, may exacerbate neuroinflammatory responses, reduce angiogenesis, and promote white matter damage post-stroke, all of which contribute to long-term functional recovery. Butyric acid, an important gut microbial metabolite, showed the highest correlation with the outcomes of ischemic stroke, and butyrate was selected as an effective treatment for aged stroke mice. Here, we tested the neurorestorative effect and potential therapeutic mechanisms of butyrate in aged mice with stroke. Aged male C57BL/6 J mice (17-19 months) were subjected to photothrombotic stroke. We performed butyrate supplementation in the drinking water for 3 weeks before surgery until 14 days after the stroke. At 14 days after ischemic stroke, white matter damage, leukocyte infiltration, and blood-brain barrier permeability were all decreased in the aged stroke mice that received the butyrate treatment, which also improved neurological outcomes by stimulating angiogenesis. Stroke reduces the level of interleukin-22 (IL-22) and butyrate treatment significantly enhanced IL-22 expression in the brain. To further validate the mechanisms of butyrate promoting neurological function after stroke, monoclonal antibodies were used to block IL-22 in aged stroke mice when butyrate treatment was provided. Blocking IL-22 in butyrate-treated aged stroke fails to improve functional outcomes and attenuated butyrate-induced angiogenesis, increased axon/white matter density and blood-brain barrier (BBB) integrity, but has no effect on inflammatory cells infiltration. In conclusion, butyrate improves outcomes in aged mice after stroke by promoting angiogenesis and BBB integrity and reducing leukocyte infiltration. To some extent, IL-22 may contribute to butyrate treatment induced vascular remodeling and increased BBB integrity responses in aged stroke mice.
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The Dialogue Between Neuroinflammation and Adult Neurogenesis: Mechanisms Involved and Alterations in Neurological Diseases. Mol Neurobiol 2023; 60:923-959. [PMID: 36383328 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-022-03102-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Adult neurogenesis occurs mainly in the subgranular zone of the hippocampal dentate gyrus and the subventricular zone of the lateral ventricles. Evidence supports the critical role of adult neurogenesis in various conditions, including cognitive dysfunction, Alzheimer's disease (AD), and Parkinson's disease (PD). Several factors can alter adult neurogenesis, including genetic, epigenetic, age, physical activity, diet, sleep status, sex hormones, and central nervous system (CNS) disorders, exerting either pro-neurogenic or anti-neurogenic effects. Compelling evidence suggests that any insult or injury to the CNS, such as traumatic brain injury (TBI), infectious diseases, or neurodegenerative disorders, can provoke an inflammatory response in the CNS. This inflammation could either promote or inhibit neurogenesis, depending on various factors, such as chronicity and severity of the inflammation and underlying neurological disorders. Notably, neuroinflammation, driven by different immune components such as activated glia, cytokines, chemokines, and reactive oxygen species, can regulate every step of adult neurogenesis, including cell proliferation, differentiation, migration, survival of newborn neurons, maturation, synaptogenesis, and neuritogenesis. Therefore, this review aims to present recent findings regarding the effects of various components of the immune system on adult neurogenesis and to provide a better understanding of the role of neuroinflammation and neurogenesis in the context of neurological disorders, including AD, PD, ischemic stroke (IS), seizure/epilepsy, TBI, sleep deprivation, cognitive impairment, and anxiety- and depressive-like behaviors. For each disorder, some of the most recent therapeutic candidates, such as curcumin, ginseng, astragaloside, boswellic acids, andrographolide, caffeine, royal jelly, estrogen, metformin, and minocycline, have been discussed based on the available preclinical and clinical evidence.
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Provenzano F, Nyberg S, Giunti D, Torazza C, Parodi B, Bonifacino T, Usai C, Kerlero de Rosbo N, Milanese M, Uccelli A, Shaw PJ, Ferraiuolo L, Bonanno G. Micro-RNAs Shuttled by Extracellular Vesicles Secreted from Mesenchymal Stem Cells Dampen Astrocyte Pathological Activation and Support Neuroprotection in In-Vitro Models of ALS. Cells 2022; 11:cells11233923. [PMID: 36497181 PMCID: PMC9741322 DOI: 10.3390/cells11233923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Revised: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a neurodegenerative disease with no effective cure. Astrocytes display a toxic phenotype in ALS and contribute to motoneuron (MN) degeneration. Modulating astrocytes' neurotoxicity can reduce MN death. Our previous studies showed the beneficial effect of mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) administration in SOD1G93A ALS mice, but the mechanisms are still unclear. We postulated that the effects could be mediated by extracellular vesicles (EVs) secreted by MSCs. We investigated, by immunohistochemical, molecular, and in vitro functional analyses, the activity of MSC-derived EVs on the pathological phenotype and neurotoxicity of astrocytes isolated from the spinal cord of symptomatic SOD1G93A mice and human astrocytes (iAstrocytes) differentiated from inducible neural progenitor cells (iNPCs) of ALS patients. In vitro EV exposure rescued mouse and human ALS astrocytes' neurotoxicity towards MNs. EVs significantly dampened the pathological phenotype and neuroinflammation in SOD1G93A astrocytes. In iAstrocytes, exposure to EVs increased the antioxidant factor Nrf2 and reduced reactive oxygen species. We previously found nine miRNAs upregulated in MSC-derived EVs. Here, the transfection of SOD1G93A astrocytes with single miRNA mimics reduced astrocytes' activation and the expression of neuroinflammatory factors. Moreover, miR-466q and miR-467f mimics downregulate Mapk11, while miR-466m-5p and miR-466i-3p mimics promote the nuclear translocation of Nrf2. In iAstrocytes, transfection with miR-29b-3p mimic upregulated NQO1 antioxidant activity and reduced neurotoxicity towards MNs. MSC-derived EVs modulate astrocytes' reactive phenotype and neurotoxicity through anti-inflammatory and antioxidant-shuttled miRNAs, thus representing a therapeutic strategy in ALS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Provenzano
- Department of Pharmacy (DIFAR), University of Genoa, Viale Cembrano 4, 16148 Genova, Italy
| | - Sophie Nyberg
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN), University of Sheffield, 385A Glossop Road, Sheffield S10 2HQ, UK
| | - Debora Giunti
- Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DINOGMI), University of Genoa, Largo Paolo Daneo, 316132 Genoa, Italy
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Largo Rosanna Benzi 10, 16132 Genoa, Italy
| | - Carola Torazza
- Department of Pharmacy (DIFAR), University of Genoa, Viale Cembrano 4, 16148 Genova, Italy
| | - Benedetta Parodi
- Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DINOGMI), University of Genoa, Largo Paolo Daneo, 316132 Genoa, Italy
| | - Tiziana Bonifacino
- Department of Pharmacy (DIFAR), University of Genoa, Viale Cembrano 4, 16148 Genova, Italy
- Inter-University Center for the Promotion of the 3Rs Principles in Teaching & Research (Centro 3R), 56122 Pisa, Italy
| | - Cesare Usai
- Institute of Biophysics, National Research Council (CNR), Via De Marini 6, 16149 Genoa, Italy
| | - Nicole Kerlero de Rosbo
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Largo Rosanna Benzi 10, 16132 Genoa, Italy
- TomaLab, Institute of Nanotechnology, National Research Council (CNR), Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 0018 Rome, Italy
| | - Marco Milanese
- Department of Pharmacy (DIFAR), University of Genoa, Viale Cembrano 4, 16148 Genova, Italy
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Largo Rosanna Benzi 10, 16132 Genoa, Italy
- Correspondence: (M.M.); (L.F.); Tel.: +39-01-0335-2046 (M.M.); +44-(0)114-222-2257 (L.F.)
| | - Antonio Uccelli
- Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DINOGMI), University of Genoa, Largo Paolo Daneo, 316132 Genoa, Italy
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Largo Rosanna Benzi 10, 16132 Genoa, Italy
| | - Pamela J. Shaw
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN), University of Sheffield, 385A Glossop Road, Sheffield S10 2HQ, UK
| | - Laura Ferraiuolo
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN), University of Sheffield, 385A Glossop Road, Sheffield S10 2HQ, UK
- Correspondence: (M.M.); (L.F.); Tel.: +39-01-0335-2046 (M.M.); +44-(0)114-222-2257 (L.F.)
| | - Giambattista Bonanno
- Department of Pharmacy (DIFAR), University of Genoa, Viale Cembrano 4, 16148 Genova, Italy
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Largo Rosanna Benzi 10, 16132 Genoa, Italy
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37
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Research Progress on Exosomes and MicroRNAs in the Microenvironment of Postoperative Neurocognitive Disorders. Neurochem Res 2022; 47:3583-3597. [DOI: 10.1007/s11064-022-03785-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Revised: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
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Cheng X, Chen Y, Zhang L, Chen B, Yang D, Chen W, Zhu P, Fang Z, Chen Z. Influence of CYP3A5, IL-10 polymorphisms and metabolism rate on tacrolimus exposure in renal post-transplant recipients. Pharmacogenomics 2022; 23:961-972. [PMID: 36408735 DOI: 10.2217/pgs-2022-0123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: To investigate the influence of CYP3A5 and IL-10 polymorphisms on tarcolimus metabolism and renal function for renal transplantation recipients at a stable period. Methods: CYP3A5 and IL-10 polymorphisms, together with other clinical factors, were collected for 149 renal transplantation patients at postoperative stable period. Statistics analysis was performed to explore key factors affecting tarcolimus metabolism. Results: CYP3A5 6986A >G and IL-10 -819C >T significantly impacted tacrolimus metabolism (p < 0.001). CYP3A5 6986A >G G allele and IL-10 -819C >T T allele were associated with poorer tacrolimus metabolic capability. Patients with various tacrolimus metabolism rates presented little difference in renal functions at stable period. Conclusion: Genotyping of CYP3A5 and IL-10 might benefit the precision dosage of tacrolimus for renal transplantation recipients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Cheng
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Anhui Provincial Hospital, Hefei, Anhui, 230001, P.R. China
| | - Yuhao Chen
- Department of Data & Analytics, WuXi Diagnostics Innovation Research Institute, Shanghai,200131, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Anhui Provincial Hospital, Hefei, Anhui, 230001, P.R. China
| | - Biwen Chen
- Department of Data & Analytics, WuXi Diagnostics Innovation Research Institute, Shanghai,200131, People's Republic of China
| | - Dake Yang
- Department of Data & Analytics, WuXi Diagnostics Innovation Research Institute, Shanghai,200131, People's Republic of China
| | - Weihuang Chen
- Department of Data & Analytics, WuXi Diagnostics Innovation Research Institute, Shanghai,200131, People's Republic of China
| | - Pengli Zhu
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Anhui Provincial Hospital, Hefei, Anhui, 230001, P.R. China
| | - Zhuo Fang
- Department of Data & Analytics, WuXi Diagnostics Innovation Research Institute, Shanghai,200131, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhaolin Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Anhui Provincial Hospital, Hefei, Anhui, 230001, P.R. China
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Angel JP, Daniels BP. Paradoxical roles for programmed cell death signaling during viral infection of the central nervous system. Curr Opin Neurobiol 2022; 77:102629. [PMID: 36162201 PMCID: PMC10754211 DOI: 10.1016/j.conb.2022.102629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Revised: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Programmed cell death (PCD) is an essential mechanism of antimicrobial defense. Recent work has revealed an unexpected diversity in the types of PCD elicited during infection, as well as defined unique roles for different PCD modalities in shaping the immune response. Here, we review recent work describing unique ways in which PCD signaling operates within the infected central nervous system (CNS). These studies reveal striking complexity in the regulation of PCD signaling by CNS cells, including both protective and pathological outcomes in the control of infection. Studies defining the specialized molecular mechanisms shaping PCD responses in the CNS promise to yield much needed new insights into the pathogenesis of neuroinvasive viral infection, informing future therapeutic development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan P Angel
- Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, USA. https://twitter.com/JuanP_Angell
| | - Brian P Daniels
- Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, USA.
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40
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Stone TW, Clanchy FIL, Huang YS, Chiang NY, Darlington LG, Williams RO. An integrated cytokine and kynurenine network as the basis of neuroimmune communication. Front Neurosci 2022; 16:1002004. [PMID: 36507331 PMCID: PMC9729788 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2022.1002004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Two of the molecular families closely associated with mediating communication between the brain and immune system are cytokines and the kynurenine metabolites of tryptophan. Both groups regulate neuron and glial activity in the central nervous system (CNS) and leukocyte function in the immune system, although neither group alone completely explains neuroimmune function, disease occurrence or severity. This essay suggests that the two families perform complementary functions generating an integrated network. The kynurenine pathway determines overall neuronal excitability and plasticity by modulating glutamate receptors and GPR35 activity across the CNS, and regulates general features of immune cell status, surveillance and tolerance which often involves the Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor (AHR). Equally, cytokines and chemokines define and regulate specific populations of neurons, glia or immune system leukocytes, generating more specific responses within restricted CNS regions or leukocyte populations. In addition, as there is a much larger variety of these compounds, their homing properties enable the superimposition of dynamic variations of cell activity upon local, spatially limited, cell populations. This would in principle allow the targeting of potential treatments to restricted regions of the CNS. The proposed synergistic interface of 'tonic' kynurenine pathway affecting baseline activity and the superimposed 'phasic' cytokine system would constitute an integrated network explaining some features of neuroimmune communication. The concept would broaden the scope for the development of new treatments for disorders involving both the CNS and immune systems, with safer and more effective agents targeted to specific CNS regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trevor W. Stone
- The Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, NDORMS, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom,*Correspondence: Trevor W. Stone,
| | - Felix I. L. Clanchy
- The Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, NDORMS, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Yi-Shu Huang
- The Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, NDORMS, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Nien-Yi Chiang
- The Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, NDORMS, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - L. Gail Darlington
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ashtead Hospital, Ashtead, United Kingdom
| | - Richard O. Williams
- The Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, NDORMS, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
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41
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Menousek J, Horn CM, Heim CE, Van Roy Z, Korshoj LE, Kielian T. Transcriptional Profiling of Phagocytic Leukocytes and Microglia Reveals a Critical Role for Reactive Oxygen Species in Biofilm Containment during Staphylococcus aureus Craniotomy Infection. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2022; 209:1973-1986. [PMID: 36426943 PMCID: PMC9643635 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2200503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Craniotomies are performed to treat a variety of intracranial pathology. Surgical site infection remains a complication of craniotomy despite the use of prophylactic antibiotics and universal sterile precautions. Infections occur in 1-3% of procedures, with approximately half caused by Staphylococcus aureus that forms a biofilm on the bone flap and is recalcitrant to systemic antibiotic therapy. We used an S. aureus-dsRed construct to compare the phagocytic capacity of leukocytes and microglia in vitro and in vivo using a mouse model of craniotomy infection. In addition, single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) was applied to determine whether a transcriptional signature could be identified for phagocytic versus nonphagocytic cells in vivo. S. aureus was phagocytosed to equivalent extents in microglia, macrophages, neutrophils, and granulocytic myeloid-derived suppressor cells in vitro; however, microglial uptake of S. aureus was limited in vivo, whereas the other leukocyte populations exhibited phagocytic activity. scRNA-seq comparing the transcriptional signatures of phagocytic (S. aureus-dsRed+) versus nonphagocytic (S. aureus-dsRed-) leukocytes identified classical pathways enriched in phagocytic cells (i.e., reactive oxygen species [ROS]/reactive nitrogen species, lysosome, iron uptake, and transport), whereas nonphagocytic populations had increased ribosomal, IFN, and hypoxia signatures. scRNA-seq also revealed a robust ROS profile, which led to the exploration of craniotomy infection in NADPH oxidase 2 knockout mice. S. aureus burden, leukocyte recruitment, and intracellular bacterial load were significantly increased in NADPH oxidase 2 KO compared with wild-type animals. Collectively, these results highlight the importance of ROS generation in phagocytes for S. aureus biofilm containment, but not clearance, during craniotomy infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph Menousek
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198
| | - Christopher M. Horn
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198
| | - Cortney E. Heim
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198
| | - Zachary Van Roy
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198
| | - Lee E. Korshoj
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198
| | - Tammy Kielian
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198
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42
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Gao Z, Wang G, Ma X, Tan H, Zhang C, Yin X, Suo F, Yao R, Yan X. Troxerutin attenuates insulin resistance via pancreatic IL-22/JAK1/STAT3 signaling activation in dihydrotestosterone-induced polycystic ovary syndrome rats. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2022; 323:E405-E417. [PMID: 36103628 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00150.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is an extremely common endocrine-metabolic disorder and the main cause of infertility in premenopausal women, thus targeted treatments are sorely needed. Accumulative evidence showed that exogenous supplementation of IL-22 in PCOS mice may be of significant positive effect on insulin resistance (IR), a root causative factor for this condition, but much remained unknown about its mechanism. According to our previous study, troxerutin, a common anticoagulant and thrombolytic agent in clinic, alleviated various PCOS-like phenotypes in dihydrotestosterone (DHT)-treated rat model with unclear mechanism. Here, glucose tolerance tests (GTTs), insulin tolerance tests (ITTs), and homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) analyses revealed that troxerutin treatment in DHT-treated rats also significantly improved insulin resistance and enhanced serum IL-22 levels, which thereby activated IL-22R1/Janus kinase 1 (JAK1)/signal transducer and activator of transcription-3 (STAT3) signaling pathway in pancreatic islet. This protective effect of troxerutin on insulin resistance improvement was blocked by an inhibitor of p-STAT3, S3I-201. Troxerutin administration to DHT rats decreased the relative abundance of Bifidobacterium and enhanced secondary bile acid profiles, which were positively correlated with serum IL-22 concentration. Conclusively, the present study reported that troxerutin is an endogenous enhancer of IL-22 and the effect of troxerutin on insulin resistance improvement was via IL-22R1/JAK1/STAT3 signaling activation in a DHT-induced PCOS rat model. These insights may be translated into a primary therapeutic agent for PCOS with insulin resistance and hyperandrogenism.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Troxerutin decreased the relative abundance of Bifidobacterium, along with enhancement of secondary bile acids/IL-22 system, which thereby activated its downstream IL-22R1/JAK1/STAT3 signaling pathway in pancreatic β cells, subsequently attenuated insulin resistance (IR), hyperandrogenism and PCOS-like phenotypes in DHT-induced PCOS rat models. Troxerutin is an endogenous IL-22 enhancer and may be of therapeutic value for PCOS with insulin resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zixuan Gao
- Department of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Xuzhou Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Gui Wang
- Department of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Xuzhou Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaochen Ma
- Department of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Xuzhou Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, People's Republic of China
- Clinical Center for Reproductive Medicine, Xuzhou Central Hospital, Xuzhou Clinical School of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Huihui Tan
- Department of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Xuzhou Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Chu Zhang
- Department of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Xuzhou Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Yin
- Center for Genetic Medicine, Xuzhou Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Xuzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Feng Suo
- Center for Genetic Medicine, Xuzhou Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Xuzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruiqin Yao
- Department of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Xuzhou Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaonan Yan
- Clinical Center for Reproductive Medicine, Xuzhou Central Hospital, Xuzhou Clinical School of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, People's Republic of China
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Alvarez M, Trent E, Goncalves BDS, Pereira DG, Puri R, Frazier NA, Sodhi K, Pillai SS. Cognitive dysfunction associated with COVID-19: Prognostic role of circulating biomarkers and microRNAs. Front Aging Neurosci 2022; 14:1020092. [PMID: 36268187 PMCID: PMC9577202 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2022.1020092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
COVID-19 is renowned as a multi-organ disease having subacute and long-term effects with a broad spectrum of clinical manifestations. The evolving scientific and clinical evidence demonstrates that the frequency of cognitive impairment after COVID-19 is high and it is crucial to explore more clinical research and implement proper diagnostic and treatment strategies. Several central nervous system complications have been reported as comorbidities of COVID-19. The changes in cognitive function associated with neurodegenerative diseases develop slowly over time and are only diagnosed at an already advanced stage of molecular pathology. Hence, understanding the common links between COVID-19 and neurodegenerative diseases will broaden our knowledge and help in strategizing prognostic and therapeutic approaches. The present review focuses on the diverse neurodegenerative changes associated with COVID-19 and will highlight the importance of major circulating biomarkers and microRNAs (miRNAs) associated with the disease progression and severity. The literature analysis showed that major proteins associated with central nervous system function, such as Glial fibrillary acidic protein, neurofilament light chain, p-tau 181, Ubiquitin C-terminal hydrolase L1, S100 calcium-binding protein B, Neuron-specific enolase and various inflammatory cytokines, were significantly altered in COVID-19 patients. Furthermore, among various miRNAs that are having pivotal roles in various neurodegenerative diseases, miR-146a, miR-155, Let-7b, miR-31, miR-16 and miR-21 have shown significant dysregulation in COVID-19 patients. Thus the review consolidates the important findings from the numerous studies to unravel the underlying mechanism of neurological sequelae in COVID-19 and the possible association of circulatory biomarkers, which may serve as prognostic predictors and therapeutic targets in future research.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Sneha S. Pillai
- Department of Surgery, Biomedical Sciences and Medicine, Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University, Huntington, WV, United States
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44
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Nortey AN, Garces KN, Hackam AS. Exploring the role of interleukin-27 as a regulator of neuronal survival in central nervous system diseases. Neural Regen Res 2022; 17:2149-2152. [PMID: 35259821 PMCID: PMC9083161 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.336134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Revised: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Interleukin-27 is a pleiotropic cytokine that is involved in tissue responses to infection, cell stress, neuronal disease, and tumors. Recent studies in various tissues indicate that interleukin-27 has complex activating and inhibitory properties in innate and acquired immunity. The availability of recombinant interleukin-27 protein and mice with genetic deletions of interleukin-27, its receptors and signaling mediators have helped define the role of interleukin-27 in neurodegenerative diseases. Interleukin-27 has been well-characterized as an important regulator of T cell activation and differentiation that enhances or suppresses T cell responses in autoimmune conditions in the central nervous system. Evidence is also accumulating that interleukin-27 has neuroprotective activities in the retina and brain. Interleukin-27 is secreted from and binds to infiltrating microglia, macrophage, astrocytes, and even neurons and it promotes neuronal survival by regulating pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines, neuroinflammatory pathways, oxidative stress, apoptosis, autophagy, and epigenetic modifications. However, interleukin-27 can have the opposite effect and induce inflammation and cell death in certain situations. In this review, we describe the current understanding of regulatory activities of interleukin-27 on cell survival and inflammation and discuss its mechanisms of action in the brain, spinal cord, and retina. We also review evidence for and against the therapeutic potential of interleukin-27 for dampening harmful neuroinflammatory responses in central nervous system diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea N. Nortey
- Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Kimberly N. Garces
- Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Abigail S. Hackam
- Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
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Esmaeili Tarzi M, Kordestani Z, Mehrabani M, Yahyapour R, Raeiszadeh M, Bahrampour Juybari K, Sharififar F. The effect of hydro alcoholic extract of Nigella sativa seeds on inflammatory mediators in C6 glioma cell line. ANNALES PHARMACEUTIQUES FRANÇAISES 2022; 81:446-456. [PMID: 36252867 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharma.2022.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Revised: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
SUBJECT Nigella sativa (N. sativa) is a highly valued nutritional plant, which has long been used in traditional medicine to treat a variety of human diseases. The multifaceted pharmacological impacts of N. sativa, such as attenuating oxidative stress and inflammation, make it a suitable therapeutic candidate against cardiovascular, hepatic, and neurological disorders as well as cancer. Therefore, the current study aimed to evaluate the effect of the hydroalcoholic extract of N. sativa seeds on several pro-inflammatory cytokines in the C6 glioma cell line and to compare it with the effect of the extract on the normal fibroblast cell line. METHODS C6 and fibroblast cell lines were treated with the extract of N. sativa seeds, and 3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay was performed to determine the half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) after 72h of treatment. Real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was carried out to assess the expression levels of interleukin (IL)-6, IL-10, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), and transforming growth factor- β1 (TGF-β1) at the mRNA level in both cell lines after 72h of treatment with non-toxic and IC50 concentrations obtained from C6 cell line. RESULTS The IC50 values for the hydroalcoholic extract of N. sativa seeds were 260±20μg/mL in the C6 cell line and 398±27μg/mL in fibroblast cells. The real-time PCR results indicated that the treatment of C6 and fibroblast cells with the extract at the IC50 value of N. sativa in C6 for 72h could increase the mRNA expression levels of IL-10 and reduce the mRNA expression levels of IL-6, TNF-α, and TGF-β1 in C6 and fibroblast cells. The N. sativa extract showed a higher anti-inflammatory effect on C6 cells in comparison with fibroblast cells. CONCLUSIONS Regarding the anti-inflammatory effect of Nigella sativa in C6 cell line, it may be considered a promising candidate to fortify antitumor actions in combination with other therapeutic options in the treatment of patients with GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Esmaeili Tarzi
- Physiology Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
| | - Z Kordestani
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Institute of Basic and Clinical Physiology Sciences, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
| | - M Mehrabani
- Physiology Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
| | - R Yahyapour
- Department of Medical Physics, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - M Raeiszadeh
- Herbal and Traditional Medicines Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
| | - K Bahrampour Juybari
- Abnormal Uterine Bleeding Research Center, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran; Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran.
| | - F Sharififar
- Herbal and traditional Medicines Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
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Quintana JF, Chandrasegaran P, Sinton MC, Briggs EM, Otto TD, Heslop R, Bentley-Abbot C, Loney C, de Lecea L, Mabbott NA, MacLeod A. Single cell and spatial transcriptomic analyses reveal microglia-plasma cell crosstalk in the brain during Trypanosoma brucei infection. Nat Commun 2022; 13:5752. [PMID: 36180478 PMCID: PMC9525673 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-33542-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Human African trypanosomiasis, or sleeping sickness, is caused by the protozoan parasite Trypanosoma brucei and induces profound reactivity of glial cells and neuroinflammation when the parasites colonise the central nervous system. However, the transcriptional and functional responses of the brain to chronic T. brucei infection remain poorly understood. By integrating single cell and spatial transcriptomics of the mouse brain, we identify that glial responses triggered by infection are readily detected in the proximity to the circumventricular organs, including the lateral and 3rd ventricle. This coincides with the spatial localisation of both slender and stumpy forms of T. brucei. Furthermore, in silico predictions and functional validations led us to identify a previously unknown crosstalk between homeostatic microglia and Cd138+ plasma cells mediated by IL-10 and B cell activating factor (BAFF) signalling. This study provides important insights and resources to improve understanding of the molecular and cellular responses in the brain during infection with African trypanosomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan F Quintana
- Wellcome Centre for Integrative Parasitology (WCIP), University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK.
- School of Biodiversity, One Health, and Veterinary Medicine (SBOHVM), MVLS, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK.
| | - Praveena Chandrasegaran
- Wellcome Centre for Integrative Parasitology (WCIP), University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
- School of Biodiversity, One Health, and Veterinary Medicine (SBOHVM), MVLS, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Matthew C Sinton
- Wellcome Centre for Integrative Parasitology (WCIP), University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
- School of Biodiversity, One Health, and Veterinary Medicine (SBOHVM), MVLS, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Emma M Briggs
- Wellcome Centre for Integrative Parasitology (WCIP), University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
- Institute for Immunology and Infection Research, School of Biological Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Thomas D Otto
- Wellcome Centre for Integrative Parasitology (WCIP), University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
- School of Infection and Immunity, MVLS, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Rhiannon Heslop
- Wellcome Centre for Integrative Parasitology (WCIP), University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
- School of Biodiversity, One Health, and Veterinary Medicine (SBOHVM), MVLS, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Calum Bentley-Abbot
- Wellcome Centre for Integrative Parasitology (WCIP), University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
- School of Biodiversity, One Health, and Veterinary Medicine (SBOHVM), MVLS, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Colin Loney
- School of Infection and Immunity, MVLS, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
- MRC Centre for Virus Research, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Luis de Lecea
- Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Neil A Mabbott
- The Roslin Institute and Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Annette MacLeod
- Wellcome Centre for Integrative Parasitology (WCIP), University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
- School of Biodiversity, One Health, and Veterinary Medicine (SBOHVM), MVLS, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
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Moslemizadeh A, Nematollahi MH, Amiresmaili S, Faramarz S, Jafari E, Khaksari M, Rezaei N, Bashiri H, Kheirandish R. Combination therapy with interferon-gamma as a potential therapeutic medicine in rat's glioblastoma: A multi-mechanism evaluation. Life Sci 2022; 305:120744. [PMID: 35798069 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2022.120744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2022] [Revised: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 06/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study assessed the effects of single or combined administration of temozolomide (TMZ) and interferon-gamma (IFN-ᵞ) on anxiety-like behaviors, balance disorders, learning and memory, TNF-α, IL-10, some oxidant and antioxidants factors with investigating the toll-like receptor-4 (TLR4) and p-CREB signaling pathway in C6-induced glioblastoma of rats. METHODS 40 male Sprague-Dawley rats bearing intra-caudate nucleus (CN) culture medium or C6 inoculation were randomly divided into five groups as follows: Sham, Tumor, TMZ, IFN-ᵞ and a TMZ + IFN-ᵞ combination. The open-field test (OFT), elevated plus maze (EPM), rotarod, and passive avoidance test (PAT) were done on days 14-17. On day 17 after tumor implantation, brain tissues were extracted for histopathological evaluation. TNF-α, IL-10, SOD, GPX, TAC, MDA, the protein level of TLR4 and p-CREB was measured. RESULTS Combination therapy inhibited the growth of the tumor. Treatment groups alleviated tumor-induced anxiety-like behaviors and improved imbalance and memory impairment. SOD, GPX, and TAC decreased in the tumor group. The combination group augmented GPX and TAC. MDA decreased in treatment groups. TMZ, IFN-ᵞ reduced tumor-increased TNF-α and IL-10 level. The combination group declined TNF-α level in serum and IL-10 level in serum and brain. Glioblastoma induced significant upregulation of TLR4 and p-CREB in the brain which inhibited by IFN-ᵞ and TMZ+ IFN-ᵞ. CONCLUSION The beneficial effects of TMZ, IFN-ᵞ, and TMZ+ IFN-ᵞ on neurocognitive functioning of rats with C6-induced glioblastoma may be mediated via modulating oxidative stress, reduced cytokines, and the downregulation of expression of TLR4 and p-CREB. Combination treatment appears to be more effective than single treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mohammad Hadi Nematollahi
- Physiology Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | | | - Sanaz Faramarz
- Student Research Committee, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Elham Jafari
- Pathology and Stem Cell Research Center, Department of Pathology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Mohammad Khaksari
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Institute of Basic and Clinical Physiology Sciences, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Nima Rezaei
- Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamideh Bashiri
- Neuroscience Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Afzalipour School of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
| | - Reza Kheirandish
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran.
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Electroacupuncture Stimulation Suppresses Postoperative Inflammatory Response and Hippocampal Neuronal Injury. Mediators Inflamm 2022; 2022:3288262. [PMID: 36110099 PMCID: PMC9470349 DOI: 10.1155/2022/3288262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Revised: 07/30/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) is consequence of anesthesia and surgery that primarily affects older people. The prevention and treatment of POCD has drawn an increasing attention in recent decades. Here, we established the animal model mimicked POCD after femoral fracture surgery, and analyze the effect of acupuncture stimulation on postoperative cognitive function after femoral fracture surgery. Compared with the mock group, the cognitive function performance was significantly decreased both in the anaesthesia group and the surgery group, between which the symptoms were more severe in the surgery group. The peripheral inflammation response and the neuron impairment and inflammation response in the hippocampus were observed in the surgery group, but only peripheral inflammation response was detected in the anaesthesia group. These findings indicated the POCD was the synergistic outcome of anaesthesia and surgical stimulation but with different pathogenic mechanism. The surgery with mental tri-needles (surgery+MTN) group outperformed the surgery group in terms of cognitive function performance. The peripheral inflammation response and the neuron impairment and inflammation response in the hippocampus was significantly reduced by the electroacupuncture stimulation. Our findings indicated the protection of electroacupuncture form POCD after femoral fracture surgery is related to the inhibition of inflammation response and neuron impairment.
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Nortey A, Garces K, Carmy-Bennun T, Hackam AS. The cytokine IL-27 reduces inflammation and protects photoreceptors in a mouse model of retinal degeneration. J Neuroinflammation 2022; 19:216. [PMID: 36064575 PMCID: PMC9446869 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-022-02576-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Retinal degenerative diseases are a group of conditions characterized by photoreceptor death and vision loss. Excessive inflammation and microglial activation contribute to the pathology of retinal degenerations and a major focus in the field is identifying more effective anti-inflammatory therapeutic strategies that promote photoreceptor survival. A major challenge to developing anti-inflammatory treatments is to selectively suppress detrimental inflammation while maintaining beneficial inflammatory responses. We recently demonstrated that endogenous levels of the IL-27 cytokine were upregulated in association with an experimental treatment that increased photoreceptor survival. IL-27 is a pleiotropic cytokine that regulates tissue reactions to infection, neuronal disease and tumors by inducing anti-apoptotic and anti-inflammatory genes and suppressing pro-inflammatory genes. IL-27 is neuroprotective in the brain, but its function during retinal degeneration has not been investigated. In this study, we investigated the effect of IL-27 in the rd10 mouse model of inherited photoreceptor degeneration. METHODS Male and female rd10 mice were randomly divided into experimental (IL-27) and control (saline) groups and intravitreally injected at age post-natal day (P) 18. Retina function was analyzed by electroretinograms (ERGs), visual acuity by optomotor assay, photoreceptor death by TdT-mediated dUTP nick-end labeling (TUNEL) assay, microglia/macrophage were detected by immunodetection of IBA1 and inflammatory mediators by cytoplex and QPCR analysis. The distribution of IL-27 in the retina was determined by immunohistochemistry on retina cross-sections and primary Muller glia cultures. RESULTS We demonstrate that recombinant IL-27 decreased photoreceptor death, increased retinal function and reduced inflammation in the rd10 mouse model of retinal degeneration. Furthermore, IL-27 injections led to lower levels of the pro-inflammatory proteins Ccl22, IL-18 and IL-12. IL-27 expression was localized to Muller glia and IL-27 receptors to microglia, which are key cell types that regulate photoreceptor survival. CONCLUSION Our results identify for the first time anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective activities of IL-27 in a genetic model of retinal degeneration. These findings provide new insight into the therapeutic potential of anti-inflammatory cytokines as a treatment for degenerative diseases of the retina.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Nortey
- Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
| | - Kimberly Garces
- Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
| | - Tal Carmy-Bennun
- Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
| | - Abigail S Hackam
- Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, 33136, USA.
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Klepper S, Jung S, Dittmann L, Geppert CI, Hartmann A, Beier N, Trollmann R. Further Evidence of Neuroprotective Effects of Recombinant Human Erythropoietin and Growth Hormone in Hypoxic Brain Injury in Neonatal Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23158693. [PMID: 35955834 PMCID: PMC9368903 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23158693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Revised: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 07/30/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Experimental in vivo data have recently shown complementary neuroprotective actions of rhEPO and growth hormone (rhGH) in a neonatal murine model of hypoxic brain injury. Here, we hypothesized that rhGH and rhEPO mediate stabilization of the blood−brain barrier (BBB) and regenerative vascular effects in hypoxic injury to the developing brain. Using an established model of neonatal hypoxia, neonatal mice (P7) were treated i.p. with rhGH (4000 µg/kg) or rhEPO (5000 IU/kg) 0/12/24 h after hypoxic exposure. After a regeneration period of 48 h or 7 d, cerebral mRNA expression of Vegf-A, its receptors and co-receptors, and selected tight junction proteins were determined using qRT-PCR and ELISA. Vessel structures were assessed by Pecam-1 and occludin (Ocln) IHC. While Vegf-A expression increased significantly with rhGH treatment (p < 0.01), expression of the Vegfr and TEK receptor tyrosine kinase (Tie-2) system remained unchanged. RhEPO increased Vegf-A (p < 0.05) and Angpt-2 (p < 0.05) expression. While hypoxia reduced the mean vessel area in the parietal cortex compared to controls (p < 0.05), rhGH and rhEPO prevented this reduction after 48 h of regeneration. Hypoxia significantly reduced the Ocln+ fraction of cortical vascular endothelial cells. Ocln signal intensity increased in the cortex in response to rhGH (p < 0.05) and in the cortex and hippocampus in response to rhEPO (p < 0.05). Our data indicate that rhGH and rhEPO have protective effects on hypoxia-induced BBB disruption and regenerative vascular effects during the post-hypoxic period in the developing brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Klepper
- Division of Pediatric Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Loschgestr. 15, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Susan Jung
- Division of Pediatric Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Loschgestr. 15, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Lara Dittmann
- Division of Pediatric Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Loschgestr. 15, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Carol I. Geppert
- Institute of Pathology, Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Krankenhausstr. 8, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Arnd Hartmann
- Institute of Pathology, Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Krankenhausstr. 8, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Nicole Beier
- Division of Pediatric Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Loschgestr. 15, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Regina Trollmann
- Division of Pediatric Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Loschgestr. 15, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-9131-8533753; Fax: +49-9131-8533389
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