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Abdel-Hay N, Kabirova M, Yaka R. A discrete subpopulation of PFC-LHb neurons govern cocaine place preference. Transl Psychiatry 2024; 14:269. [PMID: 38956048 PMCID: PMC11220025 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-024-02988-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Revised: 06/19/2024] [Accepted: 06/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Addiction is a complex behavioral disorder characterized by compulsive drug-seeking and drug use despite harmful consequences. The prefrontal cortex (PFC) plays a crucial role in cocaine addiction, involving decision-making, impulse control, memory, and emotional regulation. The PFC interacts with the brain's reward system, including the ventral tegmental area (VTA) and nucleus accumbens (NAc). The PFC also projects to the lateral habenula (LHb), a brain region critical for encoding negative reward and regulating the reward system. In the current study, we examined the role of PFC-LHb projections in regulating cocaine reward-related behaviors. We found that optogenetic stimulation of the PFC-LHb circuit during cocaine conditioning abolished cocaine preference without causing aversion. In addition, increased c-fos expression in LHb neurons was observed in animals that received optic stimulation during cocaine conditioning, supporting the circuit's involvement in cocaine preference regulation. Molecular analysis in animals that received optic stimulation revealed that cocaine-induced alterations in the expression of GluA1 subunit of AMPA receptor was normalized to saline levels in a region-specific manner. Moreover, GluA1 serine phosphorylation on S845 and S831 were differentially altered in LHb and VTA but not in the PFC. Together these findings highlight the critical role of the PFC-LHb circuit in controlling cocaine reward-related behaviors and shed light on the underlying mechanisms. Understanding this circuit's function may provide valuable insights into addiction and contribute to developing targeted treatments for substance use disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nur Abdel-Hay
- Institute for Drug Research (IDR), School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Marina Kabirova
- Institute for Drug Research (IDR), School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Rami Yaka
- Institute for Drug Research (IDR), School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel.
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2
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LeVine SM. Exploring Potential Mechanisms Accounting for Iron Accumulation in the Central Nervous System of Patients with Alzheimer's Disease. Cells 2024; 13:689. [PMID: 38667304 PMCID: PMC11049304 DOI: 10.3390/cells13080689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2024] [Revised: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Elevated levels of iron occur in both cortical and subcortical regions of the CNS in patients with Alzheimer's disease. This accumulation is present early in the disease process as well as in more advanced stages. The factors potentially accounting for this increase are numerous, including: (1) Cells increase their uptake of iron and reduce their export of iron, as iron becomes sequestered (trapped within the lysosome, bound to amyloid β or tau, etc.); (2) metabolic disturbances, such as insulin resistance and mitochondrial dysfunction, disrupt cellular iron homeostasis; (3) inflammation, glutamate excitotoxicity, or other pathological disturbances (loss of neuronal interconnections, soluble amyloid β, etc.) trigger cells to acquire iron; and (4) following neurodegeneration, iron becomes trapped within microglia. Some of these mechanisms are also present in other neurological disorders and can also begin early in the disease course, indicating that iron accumulation is a relatively common event in neurological conditions. In response to pathogenic processes, the directed cellular efforts that contribute to iron buildup reflect the importance of correcting a functional iron deficiency to support essential biochemical processes. In other words, cells prioritize correcting an insufficiency of available iron while tolerating deposited iron. An analysis of the mechanisms accounting for iron accumulation in Alzheimer's disease, and in other relevant neurological conditions, is put forward.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven M LeVine
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of Kansas Medical Center, 3901 Rainbow Blvd., Mail Stop 3043, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
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3
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Sourty M, Nasseef MT, Champagnol-Di Liberti C, Mondino M, Noblet V, Parise EM, Markovic T, Browne CJ, Darcq E, Nestler EJ, Kieffer BL. Manipulating ΔFOSB in D1-Type Medium Spiny Neurons of the Nucleus Accumbens Reshapes Whole-Brain Functional Connectivity. Biol Psychiatry 2024; 95:266-274. [PMID: 37517704 PMCID: PMC10834364 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2023.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Revised: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The transcription factor ΔFOSB, acting in the nucleus accumbens, has been shown to control transcriptional and behavioral responses to opioids and other drugs of abuse. However, circuit-level consequences of ΔFOSB induction on the rest of the brain, which are required for its regulation of complex behavior, remain unknown. METHODS We used an epigenetic approach in mice to suppress or activate the endogenous Fosb gene and thereby decrease or increase, respectively, levels of ΔFOSB selectively in D1-type medium spiny neurons of the nucleus accumbens and tested whether these modifications affect the organization of functional connectivity (FC) in the brain. We acquired functional magnetic resonance imaging data at rest and in response to a morphine challenge and analyzed both stationary and dynamic FC patterns. RESULTS The 2 manipulations modified brainwide communication markedly and differently. ΔFOSB down- and upregulation had overlapping effects on prefrontal- and retrosplenial cortex-centered networks, but also generated specific FC signatures for epithalamus (habenula) and dopaminergic/serotonergic centers, respectively. Analysis of dynamic FC patterns showed that increasing ΔFOSB essentially altered responsivity to morphine and uncovered striking modifications of the roles of the epithalamus and amygdala in brain communication, particularly upon ΔFOSB downregulation. CONCLUSIONS These novel findings illustrate how it is possible to link activity of a transcription factor within a single cell type of an identified brain region to consequent changes in circuit function brainwide by use of functional magnetic resonance imaging, and they pave the way for fundamental advances in bridging the gap between transcriptional and brain connectivity mechanisms underlying opioid addiction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marion Sourty
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1114, University of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France; iCube, University of Strasbourg, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Strasbourg, France
| | - Md Taufiq Nasseef
- Douglas Research Center, Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montréal, Quebec, Canada; Department of Mathematics, College of Science and Humanity Studies, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Mary Mondino
- iCube, University of Strasbourg, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Strasbourg, France
| | - Vincent Noblet
- iCube, University of Strasbourg, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Strasbourg, France
| | - Eric M Parise
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Tamara Markovic
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Caleb J Browne
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Emmanuel Darcq
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1114, University of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France; Douglas Research Center, Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Eric J Nestler
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York.
| | - Brigitte L Kieffer
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1114, University of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France; Douglas Research Center, Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montréal, Quebec, Canada.
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4
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Flannery JS, Jorgensen NA, Kwon SJ, Prinstein MJ, Telzer EH, Lindquist KA. Developmental Changes in Habenular and Striatal Social Reinforcement Responsivity Across Adolescence Linked With Substance Use. Biol Psychiatry 2023; 94:888-897. [PMID: 37120062 PMCID: PMC10611899 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2023.04.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Revised: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Habenula (HB) function is implicated in substance use disorders and is involved in inhibiting dopamine release in the ventral striatum (VS). While blunted VS reward responsivity is implicated in risk for later substance use, links between HB reinforcement processing and progression of use have not, to our knowledge, been examined among adolescents. In the present study, we longitudinally assessed HB and VS responsivity to social rewards and punishments across adolescence and examined associations with substance use. METHODS Within a longitudinal design, 170 adolescents (53.5% female) completed 1 to 3 functional magnetic resonance imaging scans across 6th to 9th grade and reported yearly substance use across 6th to 11th grade. We examined VS and HB responsivity to social reinforcement during a social incentive delay task in which adolescents received social rewards (smiling faces) and punishments (scowling faces). RESULTS We observed increased VS responsivity to social rewards (vs. reward omissions) and increased VS, but decreased HB, responsivity to social punishment avoidance versus receipt. However, contrary to hypotheses, the HB displayed increased responsivity to social rewards (vs. reward omissions). Further, adolescents reporting regular substance use displayed longitudinally declining HB responsivity to social rewards (vs. reward omissions), whereas adolescents reporting no substance use displayed longitudinally increasing HB responsivity. In contrast, whereas VS responsivity to punishment avoidance versus receipt increased longitudinally among regular substance users, it stayed relatively stable among nonusers. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that differential HB and VS social reinforcement processing trajectories across adolescence are associated with substance use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica S Flannery
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina.
| | - Nathan A Jorgensen
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Seh-Joo Kwon
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Mitchell J Prinstein
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Eva H Telzer
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Kristen A Lindquist
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
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Chang S, Kim HK, Ryu Y, Jang HB, Ahn D, Lee BH, Youn DH, Lee BH, Kim HY. Mediation of mPFC-LHb pathway in acupuncture inhibition of cocaine psychomotor activity. Addict Biol 2023; 28:e13321. [PMID: 37753567 DOI: 10.1111/adb.13321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Revised: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023]
Abstract
The medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) and the lateral habenula (LHb) play roles in drug addiction and cognitive functions. Our previous studies have suggested that acupuncture at Shenmen (HT7) points modulates mesolimbic reward system in order to suppress drug-induced addiction behaviours. To explore whether an mPFC-LHb circuit mediates the inhibitory effects of acupuncture on addictive behaviours, we examined the projection from mPFC to LHb, excitation of mPFC neurons during acupuncture stimulation, the effects of optogenetic modulation of mPFC-LHb on HT7 inhibition of cocaine-induced locomotion and the effect of mPFC lesion on HT7 inhibition of nucleus accumbens (NAc) dopamine release. Acupuncture was applied at bilateral HT7 points for 20 s, and locomotor activity was measured in male Sprague-Dawley rats. Although cocaine injection significantly increased locomotor activity, HT7 acupuncture suppressed the cocaine-induced locomotion. The inhibitory effect of HT7 on cocaine-enhanced locomotion was blocked by optogenetic silencing of the mPFC-LHb circuit. In vivo extracellular recordings showed that HT7 acupuncture evoked an increase in the action potentials of mPFC neurons. Optopatch experiment proved glutamatergic projections from mPFC to LHb. HT7 acupuncture suppressed NAc dopamine release following cocaine injection, which was blocked by electrolytic lesion of mPFC. These results suggest the mediation of mPFC-LHb circuit in the inhibitory effects of acupuncture on cocaine psychomotor activity in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suchan Chang
- Department of Physiology, College of Korean Medicine, Daegu Haany University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Hyung Kyu Kim
- Department of Physiology, College of Korean Medicine, Daegu Haany University, Daegu, South Korea
- Department of Oral Physiology, School of Dentistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Yeonhee Ryu
- Korean Medicine Fundamental Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Han Byeol Jang
- Department of Physiology, College of Korean Medicine, Daegu Haany University, Daegu, South Korea
- Department of Physiology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - DanBi Ahn
- Department of Physiology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Bong Hyo Lee
- Department of Physiology, College of Korean Medicine, Daegu Haany University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Dong-Ho Youn
- Department of Oral Physiology, School of Dentistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Bae Hwan Lee
- Department of Physiology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hee Young Kim
- Department of Physiology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
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Tian ZR, Sharma A, Muresanu DF, Sharma S, Feng L, Zhang Z, Li C, Buzoianu AD, Lafuente JV, Nozari A, Sjöqvisst PO, Wiklund L, Sharma HS. Nicotine neurotoxicity exacerbation following engineered Ag and Cu (50-60 nm) nanoparticles intoxication. Neuroprotection with nanowired delivery of antioxidant compound H-290/51 together with serotonin 5-HT3 receptor antagonist ondansetron. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF NEUROBIOLOGY 2023; 172:189-233. [PMID: 37833012 DOI: 10.1016/bs.irn.2023.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2023]
Abstract
Nicotine abuse is frequent worldwide leading to about 8 millions people die every year due to tobacco related diseases. Military personnel often use nicotine smoking that is about 12.8% higher than civilian populations. Nicotine smoking triggers oxidative stress and are linked to several neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease. Nicotine neurotoxicity induces significant depression and oxidative stress in the brain leading to neurovascular damages and brain pathology. Thus, details of nicotine neurotoxicity and factors influencing them require additional investigations. In this review, effects of engineered nanoparticles from metals Ag and Cu (50-60 nm) on nicotine neurotoxicity are discussed with regard to nicotine smoking. Military personnel often work in the environment where chances of nanoparticles exposure are quite common. In our earlier studies, we have shown that nanoparticles alone induces breakdown of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and exacerbates brain pathology in animal models. In present investigation, nicotine exposure in with Ag or Cu nanoparticles intoxicated group exacerbated BBB breakdown, induce oxidative stress and aggravate brain pathology. Treatment with nanowired H-290/51 a potent chain-breaking antioxidant together with nanowired ondansetron, a potent 5-HT3 receptor antagonist significantly reduced oxidative stress, BBB breakdown and brain pathology in nicotine exposure associated with Ag or Cu nanoparticles intoxication. The functional significance of this findings and possible mechanisms of nicotine neurotoxicity are discussed based on current literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Ryan Tian
- Dept. Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, United States
| | - Aruna Sharma
- International Experimental Central Nervous System Injury & Repair (IECNSIR), Dept. of Surgical Sciences, Anesthesiology & Intensive Care Medicine, Uppsala University Hospital, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
| | - Dafin F Muresanu
- Dept. Clinical Neurosciences, University of Medicine & Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania; ''RoNeuro'' Institute for Neurological Research and Diagnostic, Mircea Eliade Street, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Suraj Sharma
- Blekinge Institute of Technology, BTH, Karlskrona, Sweden
| | - Lianyuan Feng
- Blekinge Institute of Technology, BTH, Karlskrona, Sweden
| | - Zhiqiang Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Bethune International Peace Hospital, Zhongshan Road (West), Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, P.R. China
| | - Cong Li
- Department of Neurology, Bethune International Peace Hospital, Zhongshan Road (West), Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, P.R. China
| | - Anca D Buzoianu
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Dade road No.111, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou, P.R. China; Department of Neurosurgery, Chinese Medicine Hospital of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Dade road No.111, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - José Vicente Lafuente
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, "Iuliu Hatieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Ala Nozari
- Department of Anesthesiology, Boston University, Albany str, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Per-Ove Sjöqvisst
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lars Wiklund
- International Experimental Central Nervous System Injury & Repair (IECNSIR), Dept. of Surgical Sciences, Anesthesiology & Intensive Care Medicine, Uppsala University Hospital, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Hari Shanker Sharma
- International Experimental Central Nervous System Injury & Repair (IECNSIR), Dept. of Surgical Sciences, Anesthesiology & Intensive Care Medicine, Uppsala University Hospital, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden; LaNCE, Dept. Neuroscience, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Leioa, Bizkaia, Spain.
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7
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Jang HB, Ahn D, Chang S, Kim HK, Lee BH, Kim SC, Steffensen SC, Bills KB, Lee H, Kim HY. Activation of a hypothalamus-habenula circuit by mechanical stimulation inhibits cocaine addiction-like behaviors. Biol Res 2023; 56:25. [PMID: 37194106 DOI: 10.1186/s40659-023-00440-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mechanoreceptor activation modulates GABA neuron firing and dopamine (DA) release in the mesolimbic DA system, an area implicated in reward and substance abuse. The lateral habenula (LHb), the lateral hypothalamus (LH), and the mesolimbic DA system are not only reciprocally connected, but also involved in drug reward. We explored the effects of mechanical stimulation (MS) on cocaine addiction-like behaviors and the role of the LH-LHb circuit in the MS effects. MS was performed over ulnar nerve and the effects were evaluated by using drug seeking behaviors, optogenetics, chemogenetics, electrophysiology and immunohistochemistry. RESULTS Mechanical stimulation attenuated locomotor activity in a nerve-dependent manner and 50-kHz ultrasonic vocalizations (USVs) and DA release in nucleus accumbens (NAc) following cocaine injection. The MS effects were ablated by electrolytic lesion or optogenetic inhibition of LHb. Optogenetic activation of LHb suppressed cocaine-enhanced 50 kHz USVs and locomotion. MS reversed cocaine suppression of neuronal activity of LHb. MS also inhibited cocaine-primed reinstatement of drug-seeking behavior, which was blocked by chemogenetic inhibition of an LH-LHb circuit. CONCLUSION These findings suggest that peripheral mechanical stimulation activates LH-LHb pathways to attenuate cocaine-induced psychomotor responses and seeking behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Byeol Jang
- Department of Physiology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, South Korea
- Department of Physiology, College of Korean Medicine, Daegu Haany University, Daegu, 42158, South Korea
| | - DanBi Ahn
- Department of Physiology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, South Korea
- Department of Physiology, College of Korean Medicine, Daegu Haany University, Daegu, 42158, South Korea
| | - Suchan Chang
- Department of Physiology, College of Korean Medicine, Daegu Haany University, Daegu, 42158, South Korea
| | - Hyung Kyu Kim
- Department of Physiology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, South Korea
| | - Bong Hyo Lee
- Department of Physiology, College of Korean Medicine, Daegu Haany University, Daegu, 42158, South Korea
| | - Sang Chan Kim
- Medical Research Center, College of Korean Medicine, Daegu Haany University, Gyeongsan, 38610, South Korea
| | - Scott C Steffensen
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, 84602, USA
| | - Kyle B Bills
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Noorda College of Osteopathic Medicine, Provo, UT, 84606, USA
| | - Hubert Lee
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Texas Medical Branch, 301 University Boulevard, Galveston, TX, 77555, USA
| | - Hee Young Kim
- Department of Physiology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, South Korea.
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8
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Flanigan ME, Hon OJ, D'Ambrosio S, Boyt KM, Hassanein L, Castle M, Haun HL, Pina MM, Kash TL. Subcortical serotonin 5HT 2c receptor-containing neurons sex-specifically regulate binge-like alcohol consumption, social, and arousal behaviors in mice. Nat Commun 2023; 14:1800. [PMID: 37002196 PMCID: PMC10066391 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-36808-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Binge alcohol consumption induces discrete social and arousal disturbances in human populations that promote increased drinking and accelerate the progression of Alcohol Use Disorder. Here, we show in a mouse model that binge alcohol consumption disrupts social recognition in females and potentiates sensorimotor arousal in males. These negative behavioral outcomes were associated with sex-specific adaptations in serotonergic signaling systems within the lateral habenula (LHb) and the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis (BNST), particularly those related to the receptor 5HT2c. While both BNST and LHb neurons expressing this receptor display potentiated activation following binge alcohol consumption, the primary causal mechanism underlying the effects of alcohol on social and arousal behaviors appears to be excessive activation of LHb5HT2c neurons. These findings may have valuable implications for the development of sex-specific treatments for mood and alcohol use disorders targeting the brain's serotonin system.
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Affiliation(s)
- M E Flanigan
- Bowles Center for Alcohol Studies, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - O J Hon
- Bowles Center for Alcohol Studies, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Curriculum in Neuroscience, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - S D'Ambrosio
- Bowles Center for Alcohol Studies, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - K M Boyt
- Bowles Center for Alcohol Studies, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - L Hassanein
- Bowles Center for Alcohol Studies, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - M Castle
- Bowles Center for Alcohol Studies, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - H L Haun
- Bowles Center for Alcohol Studies, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - M M Pina
- Bowles Center for Alcohol Studies, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - T L Kash
- Bowles Center for Alcohol Studies, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
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9
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Ho AMC, Pozsonyiova S, Waller TC, Song Y, Geske JR, Karpyak VM, Winham SJ. Associations of sex-related steroid hormones and proteins with alcohol dependence: A United Kingdom Biobank study. Drug Alcohol Depend 2023; 244:109781. [PMID: 36701934 PMCID: PMC10168535 DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2023.109781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Revised: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sex-related steroid hormones and proteins may contribute to the sex differences in the characteristics and health consequences of alcohol use disorder. This study aimed to examine the associations between alcohol dependence (AD) and sex-related hormones/proteins using a population-based dataset. METHODS We retrieved serum total testosterone (TT) and estradiol (TE2), sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG), and albumin levels along with clinical data from the UK Biobank. Hormone/protein levels were compared between AD (lifetime AD and/or related diagnoses; 2218 males; 682 females) and control (no aforementioned diagnoses and AUDIT<8; 198,058 males; 250,830 females) groups with sex-dependent linear regression models adjusting for age and body mass index. Moderation and mediation analyses were performed to test whether SHBG was a moderator and/or mediator between hormones and AD or current drinking. RESULTS AD males had higher TT, TE2, and SHBG levels but lower bioavailable testosterone, bioavailable estradiol, and albumin levels than controls (padjusted<0.001). After adjusting for menopause, AD females had higher TT and lower albumin levels than controls (padjusted<0.001). These differences remained after accounting for current drinking frequency (p < 0.001). SHBG moderated TT's effect on AD in males (pinteraction<0.001). SHBG was a positive mediator between TT and AD in both sexes and between TE2 and AD in males (p < 0.001), but a negative mediator between TT and current drinking in controls (both sexes) and AD males (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Testosterone and estradiol levels are altered in males and females with AD distinctly regardless of current drinking frequency. SHBG may play a critical role in these associations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ada Man-Choi Ho
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
| | - Sofia Pozsonyiova
- Department of Quantitative Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - T Cameron Waller
- Department of Quantitative Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Yilin Song
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Jennifer R Geske
- Department of Quantitative Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Victor M Karpyak
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Stacey J Winham
- Department of Quantitative Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
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10
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Nikolenko VN, Rizaeva NA, Oganesyan MV, Vekhova KA, Alyautdinova NAF, Balan SI, Karashaeva TA, Bolotskaya AA. Brain commissures and related pathologies. NEUROLOGY, NEUROPSYCHIATRY, PSYCHOSOMATICS 2022. [DOI: 10.14412/2074-2711-2022-6-73-79] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- V. N. Nikolenko
- I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of Russia (Sechenov University); Lomonosov Moscow State University
| | - N. A. Rizaeva
- I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of Russia (Sechenov University); Lomonosov Moscow State University
| | - M. V. Oganesyan
- I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of Russia (Sechenov University); Lomonosov Moscow State University
| | - K. A. Vekhova
- I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of Russia (Sechenov University)
| | | | | | - T. A. Karashaeva
- I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of Russia (Sechenov University)
| | - A. A. Bolotskaya
- I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of Russia (Sechenov University)
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Lee SM, Jang HB, Fan Y, Lee BH, Kim SC, Bills KB, Steffensen SC, Kim HY. Nociceptive Stimuli Activate the Hypothalamus-Habenula Circuit to Inhibit the Mesolimbic Reward System and Cocaine-Seeking Behaviors. J Neurosci 2022; 42:9180-9192. [PMID: 36280259 PMCID: PMC9761669 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.0577-22.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Revised: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Nociceptive signals interact with various regions of the brain, including those involved in physical sensation, reward, cognition, and emotion. Emerging evidence points to a role of nociception in the modulation of the mesolimbic reward system. The mechanism by which nociception affects dopamine (DA) signaling and reward is unclear. The lateral hypothalamus (LH) and the lateral habenula (LHb) receive somatosensory inputs and are structurally connected with the mesolimbic DA system. Here, we show that the LH-LHb pathway is necessary for nociceptive modulation of this system using male Sprague Dawley rats. Our extracellular single-unit recordings and head-mounted microendoscopic calcium imaging revealed that nociceptive stimulation by tail pinch excited LHb and LH neurons, which was inhibited by chemical lesion of the LH. Tail pinch increased activity of GABA neurons in ventral tegmental area, decreased the extracellular DA level in the nucleus accumbens ventrolateral shell in intact rats, and reduced cocaine-increased DA concentration, which was blocked by disruption of the LH. Furthermore, tail pinch attenuated cocaine-induced locomotor activity, 22 and 50 kHz ultrasonic vocalizations, and reinstatement of cocaine-seeking behavior, which was inhibited by chemogenetic silencing of the LH-LHb pathway. Our findings suggest that nociceptive stimulation recruits the LH-LHb pathway to inhibit mesolimbic DA system and drug reinstatement.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT The LHb and the LH have been implicated in processing nociceptive signals and modulating DA release in the mesolimbic DA system. Here, we show that the LH-LHb pathway is critical for nociception-induced modulation of mesolimbic DA release and cocaine reinstatement. Nociceptive stimulation alleviates extracellular DA release in the mesolimbic DA system, cocaine-induced psychomotor activities, and reinstatement of cocaine-seeking behaviors through the LH-LHb pathway. These findings provide novel evidence for sensory modulation of the mesolimbic DA system and drug addiction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soo Min Lee
- Emotion, Cognition & Behavior Research Group, Korea Brain Research Institute, Daegu 41062, South Korea
- Department of Physiology, College of Korean Medicine, Daegu Haany University, Daegu 42158, South Korea
| | - Han Byeol Jang
- Department of Physiology, College of Korean Medicine, Daegu Haany University, Daegu 42158, South Korea
| | - Yu Fan
- Department of Human Anatomy and Histoembryology, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
- Department of Physiology, College of Korean Medicine, Daegu Haany University, Daegu 42158, South Korea
| | - Bong Hyo Lee
- Department of Physiology, College of Korean Medicine, Daegu Haany University, Daegu 42158, South Korea
| | - Sang Chan Kim
- Medical Research Center, College of Korean Medicine, Daegu Haany University, Gyeongsan 38610, South Korea
| | - Kyle B Bills
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Noorda College of Osteopathic Medicine, Provo, Utah 84606
| | - Scott C Steffensen
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah 84602
| | - Hee Young Kim
- Department of Physiology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, South Korea
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12
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Eskandari K, Fattahi M, Yazdanian H, Haghparast A. Is Deep Brain Stimulation an Effective Treatment for Psychostimulant Dependency? A Preclinical and Clinical Systematic Review. Neurochem Res 2022; 48:1255-1268. [PMID: 36445490 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-022-03818-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2022] [Revised: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Addiction to psychostimulants significantly affects public health. Standard medical therapy is often not curative. Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is a promising treatment that has attracted much attention for addiction treatment in recent years. The present review aimed to systematically identify the positive and adverse effects of DBS in human and animal models to evaluate the feasibility of DBS as a treatment for psychostimulant abuse. The current study also examined the possible mechanisms underlying the therapeutic effects of DBS. In February 2022, a comprehensive search of four databases, including Web of Science, PubMed, Cochrane, and Scopus, was carried out to identify all reports that DBS was a treatment for psychostimulant addiction. The selected studies were extracted, summarized, and evaluated using the appropriate methodological quality assessment tools. The results indicated that DBS could reduce relapse and the desire for the drug in human and animal subjects without any severe side effects. The underlying mechanisms of DBS are complex and likely vary from region to region in terms of stimulation parameters and patterns. DBS seems a promising therapeutic option. However, clinical experiences are currently limited to several uncontrolled case reports. Further studies with controlled, double-blind designs are needed. In addition, more research on animals and humans is required to investigate the precise role of DBS and its mechanisms to achieve optimal stimulation parameters and develop new, less invasive methods.
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13
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King SG, Gaudreault PO, Malaker P, Kim JW, Alia-Klein N, Xu J, Goldstein RZ. Prefrontal-habenular microstructural impairments in human cocaine and heroin addiction. Neuron 2022; 110:3820-3832.e4. [PMID: 36206758 PMCID: PMC9671835 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2022.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Revised: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The habenula (Hb) is central to adaptive reward- and aversion-driven behaviors, comprising a hub for higher-order processing networks involving the prefrontal cortex (PFC). Despite an established role in preclinical models of cocaine addiction, the translational significance of the Hb and its connectivity with the PFC in humans is unclear. Using diffusion tractography, we detailed PFC structural connectivity with the Hb and two control regions, quantifying tract-specific microstructural features in healthy and cocaine-addicted individuals. White matter was uniquely impaired in PFC-Hb projections in both short-term abstainers and current cocaine users. Abnormalities in this tract further generalized to an independent sample of heroin-addicted individuals and were associated, in an exploratory analysis, with earlier onset of drug use across the addiction subgroups, potentially serving as a predisposing marker amenable for early intervention. Importantly, these findings contextualize a plausible PFC-Hb circuit in the human brain, supporting preclinical evidence for its impairment in cocaine addiction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah G King
- Departments of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Pierre-Olivier Gaudreault
- Departments of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Pias Malaker
- Departments of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Joo-Won Kim
- Departments of Radiology and Psychiatry, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Nelly Alia-Klein
- Departments of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Junqian Xu
- Departments of Radiology and Psychiatry, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Rita Z Goldstein
- Departments of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA.
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14
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Involvement of GABAA receptors of lateral habenula in the acquisition and expression phases of morphine-induced place preference in male rats. Behav Pharmacol 2022; 33:452-465. [PMID: 36148835 DOI: 10.1097/fbp.0000000000000695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The lateral habenula (LHb) is a critical brain structure involved in the aversive response to drug abuse. It has been determined that the gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)-ergic system plays the main role in morphine dependency. The role of GABA type A receptors (GABAARs) in LHb on morphine-induced conditioned place preference (CPP) remains unknown. In this study, the effect of bilateral intra-LHb microinjection of GABAAR agonist and antagonist on the acquisition and expression phases of CPP, utilizing a 5-day CPP paradigm in male rats, was evaluated. Subcutaneous administration of different doses of morphine caused a dose-dependent CPP. Intra-LHb microinjection of the GABAAR agonist, muscimol, in combination with morphine (5 mg/kg; subcutaneously) enhanced CPP scores in the acquisition phase of morphine CPP, whereas the GABAAR antagonist, bicuculline, significantly reduced the conditioning scores in the acquisition phase. Furthermore, pretreatment with a high dose of bicuculline reversed the additive effect of muscimol during the acquisition phase, yet the low dose of antagonist had no significant effect on agonist-induced CPP scores. On the other hand, muscimol (3 µg/rat) significantly increased CPP scores in the expression phase but bicuculline did not induce a significant effect on CPP scores. Bicuculline and muscimol microinjections did not affect locomotor activity in the testing sessions. Our results confirm that GABAARs in LHb play an active role in morphine reward. In addition, microinjections of bicuculline/muscimol may alter the morphine response through the GABAergic system.
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15
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López-Ojeda W, Hurley RA. Kisspeptin in the Limbic System: New Insights Into Its Neuromodulatory Roles. J Neuropsychiatry Clin Neurosci 2022; 34:190-195. [PMID: 35921618 DOI: 10.1176/appi.neuropsych.20220087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wilfredo López-Ojeda
- Veterans Affairs Mid-Atlantic Mental Illness Research, Education, and Clinical Center and Research and Academic Affairs Service Line, W.G. Hefner Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Salisbury, N.C. (López-Ojeda, Hurley); Departments of Psychiatry and Behavioral Medicine (López-Ojeda, Hurley) and Radiology (Hurley), Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, N.C.; Menninger Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston (Hurley)
| | - Robin A Hurley
- Veterans Affairs Mid-Atlantic Mental Illness Research, Education, and Clinical Center and Research and Academic Affairs Service Line, W.G. Hefner Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Salisbury, N.C. (López-Ojeda, Hurley); Departments of Psychiatry and Behavioral Medicine (López-Ojeda, Hurley) and Radiology (Hurley), Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, N.C.; Menninger Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston (Hurley)
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16
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Baker PM, Mathis V, Lecourtier L, Simmons SC, Nugent FS, Hill S, Mizumori SJY. Lateral Habenula Beyond Avoidance: Roles in Stress, Memory, and Decision-Making With Implications for Psychiatric Disorders. Front Syst Neurosci 2022; 16:826475. [PMID: 35308564 PMCID: PMC8930415 DOI: 10.3389/fnsys.2022.826475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
In this Perspective review, we highlight some of the less explored aspects of lateral habenula (LHb) function in contextual memory, sleep, and behavioral flexibility. We provide evidence that LHb is well-situated to integrate different internal state and multimodal sensory information from memory-, stress-, motivational-, and reward-related circuits essential for both survival and decision making. We further discuss the impact of early life stress (ELS) on LHb function as an example of stress-induced hyperactivity and dysregulation of neuromodulatory systems within the LHb that promote anhedonia and motivational deficits following ELS. We acknowledge that recent technological advancements in manipulation and recording of neural circuits in simplified and well-controlled behavioral paradigms have been invaluable in our understanding of the critical role of LHb in motivation and emotional regulation as well as the involvement of LHb dysfunction in stress-induced psychopathology. However, we also argue that the use of ethologically-relevant behaviors with consideration of complex aspects of decision-making is warranted for future studies of LHb contributions in a wide range of psychiatric illnesses. We conclude this Perspective with some of the outstanding issues for the field to consider where a multi-systems approach is needed to investigate the complex nature of LHb circuitry interactions with environmental stimuli that predisposes psychiatric disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phillip M. Baker
- Department of Psychology, Seattle Pacific University, Seattle, WA, United States
- *Correspondence: Phillip M. Baker,
| | - Victor Mathis
- CNRS UPR 3212, Institut des Neurosciences Cellulaires et Intégratives, Center National de la Recherche Scientifique, University of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Lucas Lecourtier
- CNRS, Laboratoire de Neurosciences Cognitives et Adaptatives (LNCA), UMR 7364, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
- Lucas Lecourtier,
| | - Sarah C. Simmons
- Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Therapeutics, School of Medicine, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Fereshteh S. Nugent
- Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Therapeutics, School of Medicine, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, United States
- Fereshteh S. Nugent,
| | - Sierra Hill
- Department of Psychology, Seattle Pacific University, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Sheri J. Y. Mizumori
- Department of Psychology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
- Sheri J. Y. Mizumori,
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17
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Tjernström N, Li TQ, Holst S, Roman E. Functional connectivity in reward-related networks is associated with individual differences in gambling strategies in male Lister hooded rats. Addict Biol 2022; 27:e13131. [PMID: 35229946 DOI: 10.1111/adb.13131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2021] [Revised: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Individuals with gambling disorder display deficits in decision-making in the Iowa Gambling Task. The rat Gambling Task (rGT) is a rodent analogue that can be used to investigate the neurobiological mechanisms underlying gambling behaviour. The aim of this explorative study was to examine individual strategies in the rGT and investigate possible behavioural and neural correlates associated with gambling strategies. Thirty-two adult male Lister hooded rats underwent behavioural testing in the multivariate concentric square field™ (MCSF) and the novel cage tests, were trained on and performed the rGT and subsequently underwent resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (R-fMRI). In the rGT, stable gambling strategies were found with subgroups of rats that preferred the suboptimal safest choice as well as the disadvantageous choice, that is, the riskiest gambling strategy. R-fMRI results revealed associations between gambling strategies and brain regions central for reward networks. Moreover, rats with risky gambling strategies differed from those with strategic and intermediate strategies in brain functional connectivity. No differences in behavioural profiles, as assessed with the MCSF and novel cage tests, were observed between the gambling strategy groups. In conclusion, stable individual differences in gambling strategies were found. Intrinsic functional connectivity using R-fMRI provides novel evidence to support the notion that individual differences in gambling strategies are associated with functional connectivity in brain regions important for reward networks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikita Tjernström
- Research Group Neuropharmacology, Addiction and Behavior, Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Tie-Qiang Li
- Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Medical Radiation and Nuclear Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Solna, Sweden
| | - Sarah Holst
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Erika Roman
- Research Group Neuropharmacology, Addiction and Behavior, Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Biochemistry, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
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18
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Mech AM, Merteroglu M, Sealy IM, Teh MT, White RJ, Havelange W, Brennan CH, Busch-Nentwich EM. Behavioral and Gene Regulatory Responses to Developmental Drug Exposures in Zebrafish. Front Psychiatry 2022; 12:795175. [PMID: 35082702 PMCID: PMC8785235 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.795175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Developmental consequences of prenatal drug exposure have been reported in many human cohorts and animal studies. The long-lasting impact on the offspring-including motor and cognitive impairments, cranial and cardiac anomalies and increased prevalence of ADHD-is a socioeconomic burden worldwide. Identifying the molecular changes leading to developmental consequences could help ameliorate the deficits and limit the impact. In this study, we have used zebrafish, a well-established behavioral and genetic model with conserved drug response and reward pathways, to identify changes in behavior and cellular pathways in response to developmental exposure to amphetamine, nicotine or oxycodone. In the presence of the drug, exposed animals showed altered behavior, consistent with effects seen in mammalian systems, including impaired locomotion and altered habituation to acoustic startle. Differences in responses seen following acute and chronic exposure suggest adaptation to the presence of the drug. Transcriptomic analysis of exposed larvae revealed differential expression of numerous genes and alterations in many pathways, including those related to cell death, immunity and circadian rhythm regulation. Differential expression of circadian rhythm genes did not correlate with behavioral changes in the larvae, however, two of the circadian genes, arntl2 and per2, were also differentially expressed at later stages of development, suggesting a long-lasting impact of developmental exposures on circadian gene expression. The immediate-early genes, egr1, egr4, fosab, and junbb, which are associated with synaptic plasticity, were downregulated by all three drugs and in situ hybridization showed that the expression for all four genes was reduced across all neuroanatomical regions, including brain regions implicated in reward processing, addiction and other psychiatric conditions. We anticipate that these early changes in gene expression in response to drug exposure are likely to contribute to the consequences of prenatal exposure and their discovery might pave the way to therapeutic intervention to ameliorate the long-lasting deficits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra M. Mech
- School of Biological and Behavioural Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Munise Merteroglu
- Department of Medicine, Cambridge Institute of Therapeutic Immunology and Infectious Disease, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Ian M. Sealy
- Department of Medicine, Cambridge Institute of Therapeutic Immunology and Infectious Disease, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Muy-Teck Teh
- Centre for Oral Immunobiology and Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Dentistry, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, England, United Kingdom
| | - Richard J. White
- Department of Medicine, Cambridge Institute of Therapeutic Immunology and Infectious Disease, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - William Havelange
- School of Biological and Behavioural Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Caroline H. Brennan
- School of Biological and Behavioural Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Elisabeth M. Busch-Nentwich
- School of Biological and Behavioural Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Medicine, Cambridge Institute of Therapeutic Immunology and Infectious Disease, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
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19
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Ogawa S, Parhar IS. Functions of habenula in reproduction and socio-reproductive behaviours. Front Neuroendocrinol 2022; 64:100964. [PMID: 34793817 DOI: 10.1016/j.yfrne.2021.100964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Revised: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Habenula is an evolutionarily conserved structure in the brain of vertebrates. Recent reports have drawn attention to the habenula as a processing centre for emotional decision-making and its role in psychiatric disorders. Emotional decision-making process is also known to be closely associated with reproductive conditions. The habenula receives innervations from reproductive centres within the brain and signals from key reproductive neuroendocrine regulators such as gonadal sex steroids, gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH), and kisspeptin. In this review, based on morphological, biochemical, physiological, and pharmacological evidence we discuss an emerging role of the habenula in reproduction. Further, we discuss the modulatory role of reproductive endocrine factors in the habenula and their association with socio-reproductive behaviours such as mating, anxiety and aggression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Ogawa
- Brain Research Institute, Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, 47500 Bandar Sunway, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Ishwar S Parhar
- Brain Research Institute, Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, 47500 Bandar Sunway, Selangor, Malaysia.
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20
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Jung JY, Cho SE, Kim N, Kang CK, Kang SG. Decreased resting-state functional connectivity of the habenula-cerebellar in a major depressive disorder. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:925823. [PMID: 36147982 PMCID: PMC9485485 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.925823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In animal experiments, the habenula and septal nuclei are known as the key brain areas of depression. However, there are few magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies on the functional connectivity between these areas and the subcortical areas in humans with major depression. We aimed to investigate the difference in resting-state functional connectivity (RSFC) among the major regions of interest (ROI) in the subcortical areas, including both the habenula and septal nuclei. METHODS We performed the seed-to-voxel analysis to investigate the RSFC between both the habenula and septal nucleus, as well as other subcortical regions. Furthermore, ROI-to-ROI analysis was performed among the combinations of ROI pairs in the subcortical areas. RESULTS The seed-to-voxel analysis showed a lower RSFC between the left habenula and the cerebellum in major depressive disorder (MDD) than in healthy controls (HCs). As a result of ROI-to-ROI analysis in subcortical areas, a total of 31 pairs of FCs in the MDD group showed a lower RSFC than in the HCs group. CONCLUSION This study revealed a lower RSFC between the left habenula and cerebellum in patients with MDD and reduced RSFC among numerous subcortical areas. These new findings on the neural circuitry of MDD might contribute to an in-depth understanding of depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ju-Yeon Jung
- Department of Health Science, Gachon University Graduate School, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Seo-Eun Cho
- Department of Psychiatry, Gil Medical Center, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Nambeom Kim
- Department of Biomedical Engineering Research Center, Gachon University, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Chang-Ki Kang
- Department of Radiological Science, College of Health Science, Gachon University, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Seung-Gul Kang
- Department of Psychiatry, Gil Medical Center, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon, South Korea
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21
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Carlson HN, Christensen BA, Pratt WE. Stimulation of mu opioid, but not GABAergic, receptors of the lateral habenula alters free feeding in rats. Neurosci Lett 2021; 771:136417. [PMID: 34954115 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2021.136417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2021] [Revised: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Overconsumption, or eating beyond the point of homeostasis, is a key feature in the development of obesity. Although people are consuming beyond the point of homeostasis, they are not consuming constantly or indefinitely. Thus, there is likely a mechanism that acts to terminate periods of food intake at some point beyond satiation and prior to aversion, or the negative effects of extreme excess (nausea, bloating, etc.). The purpose of the present study was to assess the lateral habenula as a candidate region for such a mechanism, due to its connectivity to midbrain reward circuitry, sensitivity to metabolic signaling, and pronounced role in drug-related motivated behaviors. Two groups of male Sprague-Dawley rats were surgically implanted with bilateral guide cannula targeting the LHb. Rats were then habituated to feeding chambers, wherein locomotion and food intake were monitored throughout a two-hour session. One experimental group was tested in the presence of rat chow; the second group was instead given access to a sweetened fat diet. Each subject separately received a 0.2 μL vehicle (0.9% saline solution) and baclofen-muscimol (50 ng/0.2 μL of each drug dissolved in 0.9% saline) injection. Additionally, on a third injection day, each rat received an injection of mu-opioid agonist DAMGO (0.1 μg/0.2 μL) prior to placement in the chamber. LHb inactivation did not result in significant alterations in feeding behavior, but produced a consistent increase in locomotor activity in both experimental groups. Mu-opioid receptor stimulation increased feeding on standard chow, but decreased intake of the sweetened-fat diet. Although LHb inactivation did not increase feeding as predicted, the novel finding that mu opioid receptor stimulation decreased feeding on a highly palatable diet, but increased intake of rat chow, highlights a differential role for the LHb in regulating hedonic consummatory behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Wayne E Pratt
- Department of Psychology, Wake Forest University, USA.
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22
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Chang S, Fan Y, Lee SM, Ryu Y, Lee BH, Kim SC, Bills KB, Steffensen SC, Yang CH, Kim HY. Acupuncture reduces cocaine psychomotor responses by activating the rostromedial tegmental nucleus. Addict Biol 2021; 26:e13052. [PMID: 33969586 DOI: 10.1111/adb.13052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Revised: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The rostromedial tegmental nucleus (RMTg), a GABAergic afferent to midbrain dopamine (DA) neurons, has emerged as an integral player in both rewarding and nociceptive responses. While previous studies have demonstrated that acupuncture modulates DA transmission in the mesolimbic reward system originating in the ventral tegmental area (VTA) and projecting to the nucleus accumbens (NAc) and can reduce drug self-administration, the central links between peripheral acupuncture signals and brain reward systems are not well-characterized. Thus, we hypothesised that acupuncture would elicit inhibitory signals from RMTg neurons to brain reward systems. Acupuncture reduced acute cocaine-induced locomotor activity and DA release in a point-specific manner, which was blocked by optogenetic silencing or chemical lesion of the RMTg. The acupuncture effect was mimicked by chemical activation of the RMTg. Acupuncture activated RMTg GABA neurons. In addition, the inhibitory effects of acupuncture on acute cocaine-induced locomotor activity were prevented by electrolytic lesions of the lateral habenula (LHb) or fasciculus retroflexus (FR), areas known to project to the RMTg. These findings suggest that acupuncture recruits the RMTg to reduce the psychomotor responses enhanced by acute cocaine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suchan Chang
- Department of Physiology, College of Korean Medicine Daegu Haany University Daegu South Korea
| | - Yu Fan
- Department of Physiology, College of Korean Medicine Daegu Haany University Daegu South Korea
- Department of Human Anatomy and Histoembryolgy Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine Nanjing China
| | - Soo Min Lee
- Department of Physiology, College of Korean Medicine Daegu Haany University Daegu South Korea
| | - Yeonhee Ryu
- Korean Medicine Fundamental Research Division Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine Daejeon South Korea
| | - Bong Hyo Lee
- Department of Physiology, College of Korean Medicine Daegu Haany University Daegu South Korea
| | - Sang Chan Kim
- Medical Research Center, College of Korean Medicine Daegu Haany University Gyeongsan South Korea
| | - Kyle B. Bills
- Department of Biomedical Sciences Noorda College of Osteopathic Medicine Provo Utah USA
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience Brigham Young University Provo Utah USA
| | - Scott C. Steffensen
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience Brigham Young University Provo Utah USA
| | - Chae Ha Yang
- Department of Physiology, College of Korean Medicine Daegu Haany University Daegu South Korea
| | - Hee Young Kim
- Department of Physiology, College of Korean Medicine Daegu Haany University Daegu South Korea
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23
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Mulcahy MJ, Huard SM, Paulo JA, Wang JH, McKinney S, Marks MJ, Henderson BJ, Lester HA. Protein profiling in the habenula after chronic (-)-menthol exposure in mice. J Neurochem 2021; 158:1345-1358. [PMID: 34407206 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.15495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Revised: 07/10/2021] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The identification of proteins that are altered following nicotine/tobacco exposure can facilitate and positively impact the investigation of related diseases. In this report, we investigated the effects of chronic (-)-menthol exposure in 14 murine brain regions for changes in total β2 subunit protein levels and changes in epibatidine binding levels using immunoblotting and radioligand binding assays. We identified the habenula as a region of interest due to the region's marked decreases in β2 subunit and nAChR levels in response to chronic (-)-menthol alone. Thus, we further examined the habenula, a brain region associated with both the reward and withdrawal components of addiction, for additional protein level alterations using mass spectrometry. A total of 552 proteins with altered levels were identified after chronic (-)-menthol exposure. Enriched in the proteins with altered levels after (-)-menthol exposure were proteins associated with signaling, immune systems, RNA regulation, and protein transport. The continuation and expansion of the brain region-specific protein profiling in response to (-)-menthol will provide a better understanding of how this common flavorant in tobacco and e-liquid products may affect addiction and general health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew J Mulcahy
- Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California, USA
| | - Stephanie M Huard
- Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California, USA
| | - Joao A Paulo
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Jonathan H Wang
- Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California, USA
| | - Sheri McKinney
- Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California, USA
| | - Michael J Marks
- Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California, USA
| | - Brandon J Henderson
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University, Huntington, West Virginia, USA
| | - Henry A Lester
- Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California, USA
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24
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Müller UJ, Ahrens M, Vasilevska V, Dobrowolny H, Schiltz K, Schlaaff K, Mawrin C, Frodl T, Bogerts B, Gos T, Truebner K, Bernstein HG, Steiner J. Reduced habenular volumes and neuron numbers in male heroin addicts: a post-mortem study. Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 2021; 271:835-845. [PMID: 33001272 DOI: 10.1007/s00406-020-01195-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2020] [Accepted: 09/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The Habenula is increasingly being investigated in addiction. Reduced volumes of other relevant brain regions in addiction, such as nucleus accumbens, globus pallidus and hypothalamus have been reported. Reduced volumes of the habenula as well as reduced neuronal cell count in the habenula have also been reported in mood disorders and an overlap between mood disorders and addiction is clinically widely recognized. Thus, our aim was to investigate possible volume and neuronal cell count differences in heroin addicts compared to healthy controls. Volumes of the medial (MHB) and lateral habenula (LHB) in heroin addicts (n = 12) and healthy controls (n = 12) were assessed by morphometry of 20 µm serial whole brain sections. Total brain volume was larger in the heroin group (mean 1466.6 ± 58.5 cm3 vs. mean 1331.5 ± 98.8 cm3), possibly because the heroin group was about 15 years younger (p = 0.001). Despite larger mean whole brain volume, the mean relative volume of the MHB was smaller than in healthy non-addicted controls (6.94 ± 2.38 × 10-6 vs.10.64 ± 3.22 × 10-6; p = 0.004). A similar finding was observed regarding relative volumes of the LHB (46.62 ± 10.90 × 10-6 vs. 63.05 ± 16.42 × 10-6 p = 0.009). In parallel, neuronal cell numbers were reduced in the MHB of heroin-addicted subjects (395,966 ± 184,178 vs. 644,149 ± 131,140; p < 0.001). These findings were not significantly confounded by age and duration of autolysis. Our results provide further evidence for brain-structural deficits in heroin addiction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulf J Müller
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Magdeburg, 39120, Magdeburg, Germany.
- Translational Psychiatry Laboratory, University of Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany.
- Forensic Psychiatric State Hospital of Saxony-Anhalt, Stendal-Uchtspringe, Germany.
| | - Moritz Ahrens
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Magdeburg, 39120, Magdeburg, Germany
- Translational Psychiatry Laboratory, University of Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Veronika Vasilevska
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Magdeburg, 39120, Magdeburg, Germany
- Translational Psychiatry Laboratory, University of Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Henrik Dobrowolny
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Magdeburg, 39120, Magdeburg, Germany
- Translational Psychiatry Laboratory, University of Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Kolja Schiltz
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Magdeburg, 39120, Magdeburg, Germany
- Translational Psychiatry Laboratory, University of Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
- Center for Behavioral Brain Sciences, Magdeburg, Germany
- Department of Forensic Psychiatry, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Konstantin Schlaaff
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Magdeburg, 39120, Magdeburg, Germany
- Translational Psychiatry Laboratory, University of Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Christian Mawrin
- Center for Behavioral Brain Sciences, Magdeburg, Germany
- Department of Neuropathology, University of Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Thomas Frodl
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Magdeburg, 39120, Magdeburg, Germany
- Center for Behavioral Brain Sciences, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Bernhard Bogerts
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Magdeburg, 39120, Magdeburg, Germany
- Translational Psychiatry Laboratory, University of Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
- Center for Behavioral Brain Sciences, Magdeburg, Germany
- Salus Institute, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Tomasz Gos
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Magdeburg, 39120, Magdeburg, Germany
- Translational Psychiatry Laboratory, University of Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Kurt Truebner
- Institute of Legal Medicine, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Hans-Gert Bernstein
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Magdeburg, 39120, Magdeburg, Germany
- Translational Psychiatry Laboratory, University of Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Johann Steiner
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Magdeburg, 39120, Magdeburg, Germany.
- Translational Psychiatry Laboratory, University of Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany.
- Center for Behavioral Brain Sciences, Magdeburg, Germany.
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25
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Huang Y, Sun B, Debarros J, Zhang C, Zhan S, Li D, Zhang C, Wang T, Huang P, Lai Y, Brown P, Cao C, Tan H. Increased theta/alpha synchrony in the habenula-prefrontal network with negative emotional stimuli in human patients. eLife 2021; 10:e65444. [PMID: 34251338 PMCID: PMC8275130 DOI: 10.7554/elife.65444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2020] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Lateral habenula is believed to encode negative motivational stimuli and plays key roles in the pathophysiology of psychiatric disorders. However, how habenula activities are modulated during the processing of emotional information is still poorly understood. We recorded local field potentials from bilateral habenula areas with simultaneous cortical magnetoencephalography in nine patients with psychiatric disorders during an emotional picture-viewing task. Transient activity in the theta/alpha band (5-10 Hz) within the habenula and prefrontal cortical regions, as well as the coupling between these structures, is increased during the perception and processing of negative emotional stimuli compared to positive emotional stimuli. The increase in theta/alpha band synchronization in the frontal cortex-habenula network correlated with the emotional valence but not the arousal score of the stimuli. These results provide direct evidence for increased theta/alpha synchrony within the habenula area and prefrontal cortex-habenula network in the perception of negative emotion in human participants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongzhi Huang
- Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Tianjin UniversityTianjinChina
- Nuffield Department of Surgical Sciences, University of OxfordOxfordUnited Kingdom
| | - Bomin Sun
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Jean Debarros
- Medical Research Council (MRC) Brain Network Dynamics Unit at the University of Oxford, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of OxfordOxfordUnited Kingdom
| | - Chao Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Shikun Zhan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Dianyou Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Chencheng Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Tao Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Peng Huang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Yijie Lai
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Peter Brown
- Medical Research Council (MRC) Brain Network Dynamics Unit at the University of Oxford, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of OxfordOxfordUnited Kingdom
| | - Chunyan Cao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Huiling Tan
- Medical Research Council (MRC) Brain Network Dynamics Unit at the University of Oxford, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of OxfordOxfordUnited Kingdom
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26
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Lee YA, Goto Y. The Habenula in the Link Between ADHD and Mood Disorder. Front Behav Neurosci 2021; 15:699691. [PMID: 34248519 PMCID: PMC8264146 DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2021.699691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a childhood-onset, neurodevelopmental disorder, whereas major depressive disorder (MDD) is a mood disorder that typically emerges in adulthood. Accumulating evidence suggests that these seemingly unrelated psychiatric disorders, whose symptoms even appear antithetical [e.g., psychomotor retardation in depression vs. hyperactivity (psychomotor acceleration) in ADHD], are in fact associated with each other. Thus, individuals with ADHD exhibit high comorbidity with MDD later in life. Moreover, genetic studies have shown substantial overlaps of susceptibility genes between ADHD and MDD. Here, we propose a novel and testable hypothesis that the habenula, the epithalamic brain region important for the regulation of monoamine transmission, may be involved in both ADHD and MDD. The hypothesis suggests that an initially hypoactive habenula during childhood in individuals with ADHD may undergo compensatory changes during development, priming the habenula to be hyperactive in response to stress exposure and thereby increasing vulnerability to MDD in adulthood. Moreover, we propose a new perspective on habenular deficits in psychiatric disorders that consider the habenula a neural substrate that could explain multiple psychiatric disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young-A Lee
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Daegu Catholic University, Gyeongsan, South Korea
| | - Yukiori Goto
- Primate Research Institute, Kyoto University, Inuyama, Japan
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27
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Fu R, Tang Y, Li W, Ren Z, Li D, Zheng J, Zuo W, Chen X, Zuo QK, Tam KL, Zou Y, Bachmann T, Bekker A, Ye JH. Endocannabinoid signaling in the lateral habenula regulates pain and alcohol consumption. Transl Psychiatry 2021; 11:220. [PMID: 33854035 PMCID: PMC8046806 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-021-01337-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2020] [Revised: 03/10/2021] [Accepted: 03/31/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Hyperalgesia, which often occurs in people suffering from alcohol use disorder, may drive excessive drinking and relapse. Emerging evidence suggests that the lateral habenula (LHb) may play a significant role in this condition. Previous research suggests that endocannabinoid signaling (eCBs) is involved in drug addiction and pain, and that the LHb contains core components of the eCBs machinery. We report here our findings in rats subjected to chronic ethanol vapor exposure. We detected a substantial increase in endocannabinoid-related genes, including Mgll and Daglb mRNA levels, as well as monoacylglycerol lipase (MAGL) protein levels, as well as a decrease in Cnr1 mRNA and type-1 cannabinoid receptor (CB1R) protein levels, in the LHb of ethanol-exposed rats. Also, rats withdrawing from ethanol exposure displayed hypersensitivity to mechanical and thermal nociceptive stimuli. Conversely, intra-LHb injection of the MAGL inhibitor JZL184, the fatty acid amide hydrolase inhibitor URB597, or the CB1R agonist WIN55,212-2 produced an analgesic effect, regardless of ethanol or air exposure history, implying that alcohol exposure does not change eCB pain responses. Intra-LHb infusion of the CB1R inverse agonist rimonabant eliminated the analgesic effect of these chemicals. Rimonabant alone elicited hyperalgesia in the air-, but not ethanol-exposed animals. Moreover, intra-LHb JZL184, URB597, or WIN55,212-2 reduced ethanol consumption in both homecages and operant chambers in rats exposed to ethanol vapor but not air. These findings suggest that LHb eCBs play a pivotal role in nociception and facilitating LHb eCBs may attenuate pain in drinkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rao Fu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pharmacology, Physiology & Neuroscience, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, 07103, USA
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, China
| | - Ying Tang
- Department of Microbiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, 07103, USA
| | - Wenfu Li
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, China
| | - Zhiheng Ren
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, China
| | - Ding Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pharmacology, Physiology & Neuroscience, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, 07103, USA
| | - Jiayi Zheng
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pharmacology, Physiology & Neuroscience, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, 07103, USA
| | - Wanhong Zuo
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pharmacology, Physiology & Neuroscience, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, 07103, USA
| | - Xuejun Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pharmacology, Physiology & Neuroscience, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, 07103, USA
| | - Qi Kang Zuo
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pharmacology, Physiology & Neuroscience, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, 07103, USA
| | - Kelsey L Tam
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pharmacology, Physiology & Neuroscience, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, 07103, USA
| | - Yucong Zou
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pharmacology, Physiology & Neuroscience, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, 07103, USA
| | - Thomas Bachmann
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pharmacology, Physiology & Neuroscience, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, 07103, USA
| | - Alex Bekker
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pharmacology, Physiology & Neuroscience, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, 07103, USA
| | - Jiang-Hong Ye
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pharmacology, Physiology & Neuroscience, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, 07103, USA.
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28
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Carcoba LM, Uribe KP, Ortegon S, Mendez IA, DeBiasi M, O'Dell LE. Amino acid systems in the interpeduncular nucleus are altered in a sex-dependent manner during nicotine withdrawal. J Neurosci Res 2021; 100:1573-1584. [PMID: 33751631 PMCID: PMC8455708 DOI: 10.1002/jnr.24826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 02/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Prior work in male rodents established that the medial habenula-interpeduncular nucleus (MHb-IPN) pathway modulates nicotine withdrawal. Specifically, withdrawal severity has been closely associated with inhibitory tone in the IPN via interneurons that release γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA). Inhibitory tone in the IPN is regulated by projections from the MHb that co-release glutamate and acetylcholine. Within the IPN, inhibitory tone is also regulated via corticotropin-releasing factor type 1 (CRF1) receptors that control GABA release from local interneurons. This study extends previous work by comparing sex differences in GABA, glutamate, as well serotonin levels in the IPN during precipitated nicotine withdrawal. Sex differences in withdrawal-induced neurochemical effects were also compared following systemic administration of a CRF1 receptor antagonist. The results revealed that there were no group differences in serotonin levels in the IPN. A major finding was that females displayed a larger withdrawal-induced increases in GABA levels in the IPN than males. Also, withdrawal increased IPN glutamate levels in a similar manner in females and males. Blockade of CRF1 receptors produced a larger suppression of the withdrawal-induced increases in GABA levels in the IPN of females versus males, an effect that was likely related to the robust increase in glutamate following administration of the CRF1 receptor antagonist in females. These data suggest that amino acid systems in the IPN modulate sex differences in the behavioral effects of nicotine withdrawal. Furthermore, our data imply that medications that target stress-induced activation of the IPN may reduce withdrawal severity, particularly in females.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis M Carcoba
- Department of Psychology, The University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX, USA
| | - Kevin P Uribe
- Department of Psychology, The University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX, USA
| | - Sebastian Ortegon
- Department of Psychology, The University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX, USA
| | - Ian A Mendez
- School of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX, USA
| | - Mariella DeBiasi
- Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Laura E O'Dell
- Department of Psychology, The University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX, USA
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29
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López‐Gambero AJ, Rodríguez de Fonseca F, Suárez J. Energy sensors in drug addiction: A potential therapeutic target. Addict Biol 2021; 26:e12936. [PMID: 32638485 DOI: 10.1111/adb.12936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2020] [Revised: 06/10/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Addiction is defined as the repeated exposure and compulsive seek of psychotropic drugs that, despite the harmful effects, generate relapse after the abstinence period. The psychophysiological processes associated with drug addiction (acquisition/expression, withdrawal, and relapse) imply important alterations in neurotransmission and changes in presynaptic and postsynaptic plasticity and cellular structure (neuroadaptations) in neurons of the reward circuits (dopaminergic neuronal activity) and other corticolimbic regions. These neuroadaptation mechanisms imply important changes in neuronal energy balance and protein synthesis machinery. Scientific literature links drug-induced stimulation of dopaminergic and glutamatergic pathways along with presence of neurotrophic factors with alterations in synaptic plasticity and membrane excitability driven by metabolic sensors. Here, we provide current knowledge of the role of molecular targets that constitute true metabolic/energy sensors such as AMPK, mTOR, ERK, or KATP in the development of the different phases of addiction standing out the main brain regions (ventral tegmental area, nucleus accumbens, hippocampus, and amygdala) constituting the hubs in the development of addiction. Because the available treatments show very limited effectiveness, evaluating the drug efficacy of AMPK and mTOR specific modulators opens up the possibility of testing novel pharmacotherapies for an individualized approach in drug abuse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Jesús López‐Gambero
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga Universidad de Málaga Málaga Spain
| | - Fernando Rodríguez de Fonseca
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), UGC Salud Mental Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga Málaga Spain
| | - Juan Suárez
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), UGC Salud Mental Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga Málaga Spain
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30
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García-Cabrerizo R, Carbia C, O Riordan KJ, Schellekens H, Cryan JF. Microbiota-gut-brain axis as a regulator of reward processes. J Neurochem 2021; 157:1495-1524. [PMID: 33368280 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.15284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2020] [Revised: 12/08/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Our gut harbours trillions of microorganisms essential for the maintenance of homeostasis and host physiology in health and disease. In the last decade, there has been a growing interest in understanding the bidirectional pathway of communication between our microbiota and the central nervous system. With regard to reward processes there is accumulating evidence from both animal and human studies that this axis may be a key factor in gating reward valence. Focusing on the mesocorticolimbic pathway, we will discuss how the intestinal microbiota is involved in regulating brain reward functions, both in natural (i.e. eating, social or sexual behaviours) and non-natural reinforcers (drug addiction behaviours including those relevant to alcohol, psychostimulants, opioids and cannabinoids). We will integrate preclinical and clinical evidence suggesting that the microbiota-gut-brain axis could be implicated in the development of disorders associated with alterations in the reward system and how it may be targeted as a promising therapeutic strategy. Cover Image for this issue: https://doi.org/10.1111/jnc.15065.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Carina Carbia
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | | | - Harriet Schellekens
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.,Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - John F Cryan
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.,Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
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31
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Cho SE, Kim N, Na KS, Kang CK, Kang SG. Thalamo-Habenular Connection Differences Between Patients With Major Depressive Disorder and Normal Controls. Front Psychiatry 2021; 12:699416. [PMID: 34539461 PMCID: PMC8440934 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.699416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: The thalamus and habenula are thought to be key brain regions in the etiology of major depressive disorder (MDD); however, few studies have investigated the structural connection between them. We compared the number of white matter tracts between the thalamus and habenula between patient with MDD and normal controls (NCs). Methods: The habenula and thalamus region of interest masks were extracted from brain magnetic resonance imaging data and individual tractography analysis was performed. First, we compared the number of fiber connections from the habenula to the thalamus between the MDD (n = 34) and NC (n = 37) groups and also compared hemispherical differences to investigate possible asymmetries. Results: There was a significant difference in the number of tracts in the right habenula-left mediodorsal thalamus pair between the two groups. For hemispherical fiber connections, the waytotal ratio of the right ipsilateral tract between the thalamus and habenula was significantly higher than that of the left ipsilateral tract in both groups. Conclusion: The number of right habenula-left mediodorsal thalamus tracts was higher in patients with MDD than in NCs. These results indicate that MDD is related to the disintegration of the left thalamus-right habenula tract function with an increased number of tracts as a compensational mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seo-Eun Cho
- Department of Psychiatry, Gil Medical Center, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Nambeom Kim
- Department of Biomedical Engineering Research Center, Gachon University, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Kyoung-Sae Na
- Department of Psychiatry, Gil Medical Center, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Chang-Ki Kang
- Department of Radiological Science, College of Health Science, Gachon University, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Seung-Gul Kang
- Department of Psychiatry, Gil Medical Center, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon, South Korea
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32
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Koob GF. Drug Addiction: Hyperkatifeia/Negative Reinforcement as a Framework for Medications Development. Pharmacol Rev 2021; 73:163-201. [PMID: 33318153 PMCID: PMC7770492 DOI: 10.1124/pharmrev.120.000083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 146] [Impact Index Per Article: 48.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Compulsive drug seeking that is associated with addiction is hypothesized to follow a heuristic framework that involves three stages (binge/intoxication, withdrawal/negative affect, and preoccupation/anticipation) and three domains of dysfunction (incentive salience/pathologic habits, negative emotional states, and executive function, respectively) via changes in the basal ganglia, extended amygdala/habenula, and frontal cortex, respectively. This review focuses on neurochemical/neurocircuitry dysregulations that contribute to hyperkatifeia, defined as a greater intensity of negative emotional/motivational signs and symptoms during withdrawal from drugs of abuse in the withdrawal/negative affect stage of the addiction cycle. Hyperkatifeia provides an additional source of motivation for compulsive drug seeking via negative reinforcement. Negative reinforcement reflects an increase in the probability of a response to remove an aversive stimulus or drug seeking to remove hyperkatifeia that is augmented by genetic/epigenetic vulnerability, environmental trauma, and psychiatric comorbidity. Neurobiological targets for hyperkatifeia in addiction involve neurocircuitry of the extended amygdala and its connections via within-system neuroadaptations in dopamine, enkephalin/endorphin opioid peptide, and γ-aminobutyric acid/glutamate systems and between-system neuroadaptations in prostress corticotropin-releasing factor, norepinephrine, glucocorticoid, dynorphin, hypocretin, and neuroimmune systems and antistress neuropeptide Y, nociceptin, endocannabinoid, and oxytocin systems. Such neurochemical/neurocircuitry dysregulations are hypothesized to mediate a negative hedonic set point that gradually gains allostatic load and shifts from a homeostatic hedonic state to an allostatic hedonic state. Based on preclinical studies and translational studies to date, medications and behavioral therapies that reset brain stress, antistress, and emotional pain systems and return them to homeostasis would be promising new targets for medication development. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: The focus of this review is on neurochemical/neurocircuitry dysregulations that contribute to hyperkatifeia, defined as a greater intensity of negative emotional/motivational signs and symptoms during withdrawal from drugs of abuse in the withdrawal/negative affect stage of the drug addiction cycle and a driving force for negative reinforcement in addiction. Medications and behavioral therapies that reverse hyperkatifeia by resetting brain stress, antistress, and emotional pain systems and returning them to homeostasis would be promising new targets for medication development.
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Affiliation(s)
- George F Koob
- National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism and National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
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Alcohol. Alcohol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-816793-9.00001-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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The Emerging Role of LHb CaMKII in the Comorbidity of Depressive and Alcohol Use Disorders. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21218123. [PMID: 33143210 PMCID: PMC7663385 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21218123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2020] [Revised: 10/22/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Depressive disorders and alcohol use disorders are widespread among the general population and are significant public health and economic burdens. Alcohol use disorders often co-occur with other psychiatric conditions and this dual diagnosis is called comorbidity. Depressive disorders invariably contribute to the development and worsening of alcohol use disorders, and vice versa. The mechanisms underlying these disorders and their comorbidities remain unclear. Recently, interest in the lateral habenula, a small epithalamic brain structure, has increased because it becomes hyperactive in depression and alcohol use disorders, and can inhibit dopamine and serotonin neurons in the midbrain reward center, the hypofunction of which is believed to be a critical contributor to the etiology of depressive disorders and alcohol use disorders as well as their comorbidities. Additionally, calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII) in the lateral habenula has emerged as a critical player in the etiology of these comorbidities. This review analyzes the interplay of CaMKII signaling in the lateral habenula associated with depressive disorders and alcohol use disorders, in addition to the often-comorbid nature of these disorders. Although most of the CaMKII signaling pathway's core components have been discovered, much remains to be learned about the biochemical events that propagate and link between depression and alcohol abuse. As the field rapidly advances, it is expected that further understanding of the pathology involved will allow for targeted treatments.
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Oh H, Lee J, Gosnell SN, Patriquin M, Kosten T, Salas R. Orbitofrontal, dorsal striatum, and habenula functional connectivity in psychiatric patients with substance use problems. Addict Behav 2020; 108:106457. [PMID: 32371303 DOI: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2020.106457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2020] [Revised: 04/20/2020] [Accepted: 04/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Substance abuse is commonly defined as the persistence of drug use despite negative consequences. Recent preclinical work has shown that higher input from the orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) to the dorsal striatum was associated with compulsive reward-seeking behavior despite negative effects. It remains unknown whether drug use is associated with the connectivity between the OFC and dorsal striatum in humans. We studied the resting state functional connectivity (RSFC) between the OFC, dorsal striatum, and habenula (and the whole brain in a separate analysis) in psychiatric inpatients with high (PU, problem users) and low (LU, low users) substance use. We matched PU and LU for psychiatric comorbidities. We found that PU showed higher RSFC between the left OFC and the left dorsal striatum than LU. RSFC between the habenula and both OFC and dorsal striatum was also higher in PU, which suggests the habenula may be a part of the same circuit. Finally, higher RSFC between the OFC and insula was also observed in PU. Our data shows that OFC, habenula, dorsal striatum, and insula may play an important role in PU. Furthermore, we postulate that the habenula may link the mesolimbic and cortico-striatal systems, which are altered in PU.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyuntaek Oh
- Menninger Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA; The Menninger Clinic, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Jaehoon Lee
- Menninger Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA; Department of Educational Psychology and Leadership, College of Education, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - Savannah N Gosnell
- Menninger Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA; Michael E DeBakey VA Medical Center, Houston, TX, USA; Department of Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Michelle Patriquin
- Menninger Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA; The Menninger Clinic, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Thomas Kosten
- Menninger Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA; Michael E DeBakey VA Medical Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Ramiro Salas
- Menninger Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA; The Menninger Clinic, Houston, TX, USA; Michael E DeBakey VA Medical Center, Houston, TX, USA; Department of Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.
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Hashikawa Y, Hashikawa K, Rossi MA, Basiri ML, Liu Y, Johnston NL, Ahmad OR, Stuber GD. Transcriptional and Spatial Resolution of Cell Types in the Mammalian Habenula. Neuron 2020; 106:743-758.e5. [PMID: 32272058 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2020.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2019] [Revised: 02/13/2020] [Accepted: 03/13/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
The habenula complex is appreciated as a critical regulator of motivated and pathological behavioral states via its output to midbrain nuclei. Despite this, transcriptional definition of cell populations that comprise both the medial habenular (MHb) and lateral habenular (LHb) subregions in mammals remain undefined. To resolve this, we performed single-cell transcriptional profiling and highly multiplexed in situ hybridization experiments of the mouse habenula complex in naive mice and those exposed to an acute aversive stimulus. Transcriptionally distinct neuronal cell types identified within the MHb and LHb, were spatially defined, differentially engaged by aversive stimuli, and had distinct electrophysiological properties. Cell types identified in mice also displayed a high degree of transcriptional similarity to those previously described in zebrafish, highlighting the well-conserved nature of habenular cell types across the phylum. These data identify key molecular targets within habenular cell types and provide a critical resource for future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiko Hashikawa
- Center for the Neurobiology of Addiction, Pain, and Emotion, Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Koichi Hashikawa
- Center for the Neurobiology of Addiction, Pain, and Emotion, Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Mark A Rossi
- Center for the Neurobiology of Addiction, Pain, and Emotion, Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Marcus L Basiri
- Center for the Neurobiology of Addiction, Pain, and Emotion, Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; Neuroscience Curriculum, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Yuejia Liu
- Center for the Neurobiology of Addiction, Pain, and Emotion, Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Nathan L Johnston
- Center for the Neurobiology of Addiction, Pain, and Emotion, Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Omar R Ahmad
- Center for the Neurobiology of Addiction, Pain, and Emotion, Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Garret D Stuber
- Center for the Neurobiology of Addiction, Pain, and Emotion, Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA.
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Hu H, Cui Y, Yang Y. Circuits and functions of the lateral habenula in health and in disease. Nat Rev Neurosci 2020; 21:277-295. [PMID: 32269316 DOI: 10.1038/s41583-020-0292-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 233] [Impact Index Per Article: 58.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The past decade has witnessed exponentially growing interest in the lateral habenula (LHb) owing to new discoveries relating to its critical role in regulating negatively motivated behaviour and its implication in major depression. The LHb, sometimes referred to as the brain's 'antireward centre', receives inputs from diverse limbic forebrain and basal ganglia structures, and targets essentially all midbrain neuromodulatory systems, including the noradrenergic, serotonergic and dopaminergic systems. Its unique anatomical position enables the LHb to act as a hub that integrates value-based, sensory and experience-dependent information to regulate various motivational, cognitive and motor processes. Dysfunction of the LHb may contribute to the pathophysiology of several psychiatric disorders, especially major depression. Recently, exciting progress has been made in identifying the molecular and cellular mechanisms in the LHb that underlie negative emotional state in animal models of drug withdrawal and major depression. A future challenge is to translate these advances into effective clinical treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hailan Hu
- Department of Psychiatry of First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China. .,The MOE Frontier Science Center for Brain Research and Brain-Machine Integration, Zhejiang University School of Brain Science and Brain Medicine, Hangzhou, China. .,NHC and CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Mental Health Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China. .,Center for Brain Science and Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Guangzhou, China. .,Fountain-Valley Institute for Life Sciences, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Yihui Cui
- The MOE Frontier Science Center for Brain Research and Brain-Machine Integration, Zhejiang University School of Brain Science and Brain Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yan Yang
- The MOE Frontier Science Center for Brain Research and Brain-Machine Integration, Zhejiang University School of Brain Science and Brain Medicine, Hangzhou, China
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Elevation of Transient Receptor Potential Vanilloid 1 Function in the Lateral Habenula Mediates Aversive Behaviors in Alcohol-withdrawn Rats. Anesthesiology 2020; 130:592-608. [PMID: 30676422 DOI: 10.1097/aln.0000000000002615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
WHAT WE ALREADY KNOW ABOUT THIS TOPIC Chronic alcohol use and withdrawal leads to increased pain perception, anxiety, and depression. These aberrant behaviors are accompanied by increased excitatory glutamatergic transmission to, and activity of, the lateral habenula neurons.Vanilloid type 1, or TRPV1, channels are expressed in the habenula and they facilitate glutamatergic transmission. Whether TRPV1 channel plays a role in habenula hyperactivity is not clear. WHAT THIS ARTICLE TELLS US THAT IS NEW Glutamatergic transmission in the lateral habenula was inhibited by TRPV1 channel antagonists. In vivo, local administration of TRPV1 antagonists into the lateral habenula attenuated hyperalgesia, anxiety, and relapse-like drinking in rats who chronically consumed alcohol.The data suggest that enhanced TRPV1 channel function during withdrawal may contribute to aberrant behavior that promotes relapse alcohol consumption. BACKGROUND Recent rat studies indicate that alcohol withdrawal can trigger a negative emotional state including anxiety- and depression-like behaviors and hyperalgesia, as well as elevated glutamatergic transmission and activity in lateral habenula neurons. TRPV1, a vanilloid receptor expressed in the habenula, is involved in pain, alcohol dependence, and glutamatergic transmission. The authors therefore hypothesized that TRPV1 contributes to the changes in both the behavioral phenotypes and the habenula activity in alcohol-withdrawn rats. METHODS Adult male Long-Evans rats (n = 110 and 280 for electrophysiology and behaviors, respectively), randomly assigned into the alcohol and water (Naïve) groups, were trained to consume either alcohol or water-only using an intermittent-access procedure. Slice electrophysiology was used to measure spontaneous excitatory postsynaptic currents and firing of lateral habenula neurons. The primary outcome was the change in alcohol-related behaviors and lateral habenula activity induced by pharmacologic manipulation of TRPV1 activity. RESULTS The basal frequency of spontaneous excitatory postsynaptic currents and firing of lateral habenula neurons in alcohol-withdrawn rats was significantly increased. The TRPV1 antagonist capsazepine (10 µM) induced a stronger inhibition on spontaneous excitatory postsynaptic currents (mean ± SD; by 26.1 ± 27.9% [n = 11] vs. 6.7 ± 18.6% [n = 17], P = 0.027) and firing (by 23.4 ± 17.6% [n = 9] vs. 11.9 ± 16.3% [n = 12], P = 0.025) in Withdrawn rats than Naive rats. By contrast, the TRPV1 agonist capsaicin (3 μM) produced a weaker potentiation in Withdrawn than Naïve rats (spontaneous excitatory postsynaptic currents: by 203.6 ± 124.7% [n = 20] vs. 415.2 ± 424.3% [n = 15], P < 0.001; firing: 38.1 ± 14.7% [n = 11] vs. 73.9 ± 41.9% [n = 11], P < 0.001). Conversely, capsaicin's actions in Naïve but not in Withdrawn rats were significantly attenuated by the pretreatment of TRPV1 endogenous agonist N-Oleoyldopamine. In Withdrawn rats, intra-habenula infusion of TRPV1 antagonists attenuated hyperalgesia and anxiety-like behaviors, decreased alcohol consumption upon resuming drinking, and elicited a conditioned place preference. CONCLUSIONS Enhanced TRPV1 function may contribute to increased glutamatergic transmission and activity of lateral habenula neurons, resulting in the aberrant behaviors during ethanol withdrawal.
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β4-Nicotinic Receptors Are Critically Involved in Reward-Related Behaviors and Self-Regulation of Nicotine Reinforcement. J Neurosci 2020; 40:3465-3477. [PMID: 32184221 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.0356-19.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2019] [Revised: 01/30/2020] [Accepted: 02/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Nicotine addiction, through smoking, is the principal cause of preventable mortality worldwide. Human genome-wide association studies have linked polymorphisms in the CHRNA5-CHRNA3-CHRNB4 gene cluster, coding for the α5, α3, and β4 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) subunits, to nicotine addiction. β4*nAChRs have been implicated in nicotine withdrawal, aversion, and reinforcement. Here we show that β4*nAChRs also are involved in non-nicotine-mediated responses that may predispose to addiction-related behaviors. β4 knock-out (KO) male mice show increased novelty-induced locomotor activity, lower baseline anxiety, and motivational deficits in operant conditioning for palatable food rewards and in reward-based Go/No-go tasks. To further explore reward deficits we used intracranial self-administration (ICSA) by directly injecting nicotine into the ventral tegmental area (VTA) in mice. We found that, at low nicotine doses, β4KO self-administer less than wild-type (WT) mice. Conversely, at high nicotine doses, this was reversed and β4KO self-administered more than WT mice, whereas β4-overexpressing mice avoided nicotine injections. Viral expression of β4 subunits in medial habenula (MHb), interpeduncular nucleus (IPN), and VTA of β4KO mice revealed dose- and region-dependent differences: β4*nAChRs in the VTA potentiated nicotine-mediated rewarding effects at all doses, whereas β4*nAChRs in the MHb-IPN pathway, limited VTA-ICSA at high nicotine doses. Together, our findings indicate that the lack of functional β4*nAChRs result in deficits in reward sensitivity including increased ICSA at high doses of nicotine that is restored by re-expression of β4*nAChRs in the MHb-IPN. These data indicate that β4 is a critical modulator of reward-related behaviors.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Human genetic studies have provided strong evidence for a relationship between variants in the CHRNA5-CHRNA3-CHRNB4 gene cluster and nicotine addiction. Yet, little is known about the role of β4 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) subunit encoded by this cluster. We investigated the implication of β4*nAChRs in anxiety-, food reward- and nicotine reward-related behaviors. Deletion of the β4 subunit gene resulted in an addiction-related phenotype characterized by low anxiety, high novelty-induced response, lack of sensitivity to palatable food rewards and increased intracranial nicotine self-administration at high doses. Lentiviral vector-induced re-expression of the β4 subunit into either the MHb or IPN restored a "stop" signal on nicotine self-administration. These results suggest that β4*nAChRs provide a promising novel drug target for smoking cessation.
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Acute and Chronic Nicotine Exposures Differentially Affect Central Serotonin 2A Receptor Function: Focus on the Lateral Habenula. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21051873. [PMID: 32182934 PMCID: PMC7084359 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21051873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2020] [Accepted: 03/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Nicotine addiction is a serious public health problem causing millions of deaths worldwide. Serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine; 5-HT) is involved in central nervous system (CNS) nicotine effects, and it has been suggested as a promising pharmacological target for smoking cessation. In this regard, what is particularly interesting are the 5-HT2A receptors (5-HT2ARs) and the lateral habenula (LHb), a central area in nicotine addiction that we showed to be under a strong 5-HT2AR-modulation. Single-cell extracellular recording of LHb neurons was used to study the 5-HT2AR function by intravenously administrating the potent agonist TCB-2. Acute nicotine (2 mg/kg, intraperitoneal, i.p.) and chronic nicotine (6 mg/kg/day for 14 days) differently affected both the 5-HT2AR-immuno reactive (IR) neuron number and the 5-HT2AR immunostaining area in the different brain areas studied. After acute nicotine, TCB-2 cumulative doses (5–640 µg/kg, intravenous, i.v.) bidirectionally affected the activity of 74% of LHb recorded neurons. After chronic nicotine treatment, TCB-2 was only capable of decreasing the LHb firing rate. The expression of 5-HT2AR under acute and chronic nicotine exposure was studied in the LHb and in other brain areas involved in nicotine effects in rats by using immunohistochemistry. These data reveal that acute and chronic nicotine differentially affect the 5-HT2AR function in different brain areas and this might be relevant in nicotine addiction and its treatment.
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Lim WK, Mathuru AS. Design, challenges, and the potential of transcriptomics to understand social behavior. Curr Zool 2020; 66:321-330. [PMID: 32684913 PMCID: PMC7357267 DOI: 10.1093/cz/zoaa007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2019] [Accepted: 02/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Rapid advances in Ribonucleic Acid sequencing (or RNA-seq) technology for analyzing entire transcriptomes of desired tissue samples, or even of single cells at scale, have revolutionized biology in the past decade. Increasing accessibility and falling costs are making it possible to address many problems in biology that were once considered intractable, including the study of various social behaviors. RNA-seq is opening new avenues to understand long-standing questions on the molecular basis of behavioral plasticity and individual variation in the expression of a behavior. As whole transcriptomes are examined, it has become possible to make unbiased discoveries of underlying mechanisms with little or no necessity to predict genes involved in advance. However, researchers need to be aware of technical limitations and have to make specific decisions when applying RNA-seq to study social behavior. Here, we provide a perspective on the applications of RNA-seq and experimental design considerations for behavioral scientists who are unfamiliar with the technology but are considering using it in their research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Kin Lim
- Science Division, Yale-NUS College, 12 College Avenue West, Singapore
| | - Ajay S Mathuru
- Science Division, Yale-NUS College, 12 College Avenue West, Singapore.,Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology (IMCB), 61 Biopolis Drive, Singapore.,Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine (YLL), National University of Singapore, Singapore
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Jennings C, Gosnell S, Curtis KN, Kosten T, Salas R. Altered habenula resting state functional connectivity in deprived veteran tobacco smokers: A pilot study. Bull Menninger Clin 2020; 84:21-34. [PMID: 31939683 DOI: 10.1521/bumc_2020_84_02] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to examine habenular resting state functional connectivity (RSFC) abnormalities in tobacco-smoking veterans. The authors explored RSFC in sated smokers (n = 3D 18), overnight deprived smokers (n = 3D 13), and nonsmoker controls (n = 3D 26). Seed-to-voxel analysis was used to explore RSFC in the habenula. Compared to sated smokers, deprived smokers demonstrated higher RSFC between the right habenula and two clusters of voxels: one in the right fusiform gyrus, and one in the left lingual gyrus. To study nicotine withdrawal, the authors used the Shiffman-Jarvik Withdrawal Questionnaire (SJWQ) score as a regressor and found higher RSFC between the right habenula and the left frontal pole in deprived compared to sated smokers. Right habenula RSFC distinguished between sated and deprived smokers and differentiated between sated and deprived smokers when using SJWQ as a regressor, suggesting a habenular role in tobacco withdrawal.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Savannah Gosnell
- Menninger Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, and the Michael E. DeBakey VA Medical Center, Houston, Texas.,Department of Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Kaylah N Curtis
- Menninger Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, and the Michael E. DeBakey VA Medical Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Thomas Kosten
- Menninger Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, and the Michael E. DeBakey VA Medical Center, Houston, Texas.,Department of Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Ramiro Salas
- Menninger Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, and the Michael E. DeBakey VA Medical Center, Houston, Texas.,Department of Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
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Mathis V, Kenny PJ. From controlled to compulsive drug-taking: The role of the habenula in addiction. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2019; 106:102-111. [PMID: 29936111 PMCID: PMC9871871 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2018.06.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2018] [Revised: 05/15/2018] [Accepted: 06/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Addiction is now recognized as a neurobiological and cognitive brain disorder and is generally viewed as a switch from recreational or voluntary to compulsive substance use despite aversive consequences. The habenula, composed of medial (MHb) and lateral (LHb) domains, has been implicated in regulating behavioral flexibility and anxiety-related behaviors and is considered a core component of the brain "anti-reward" system. These functions position the habenula to influence voluntary behaviors. Consistent with this view, emerging evidence points to alterations in habenula activity as important factors to contributing the loss of control over the use of drugs of abuse and the emergence of compulsive drug seeking behaviors. In this review, we will discuss the general functions of the MHb and LHb and describe how these functional properties allow this brain region to promote or suppress volitional behaviors. Then, we highlight mechanisms by which drugs of abuse may alter habenular activity, precipitating the emergence of addiction-relevant behavioral abnormalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor Mathis
- Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York 10029-6574, USA.
| | - Paul J Kenny
- Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York 10029-6574, USA.
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Flannery JS, Riedel MC, Poudel R, Laird AR, Ross TJ, Salmeron BJ, Stein EA, Sutherland MT. Habenular and striatal activity during performance feedback are differentially linked with state-like and trait-like aspects of tobacco use disorder. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2019; 5:eaax2084. [PMID: 31633021 PMCID: PMC6785263 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aax2084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2019] [Accepted: 09/14/2019] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
The habenula, an epithalamic nucleus involved in reward and aversive processing, may contribute to negative reinforcement mechanisms maintaining nicotine use. We used a performance feedback task that differentially activates the striatum and habenula and administered nicotine and varenicline (versus placebos) to overnight-abstinent smokers and nonsmokers to delineate feedback-related functional brain alterations both as a function of smoking trait (smokers versus nonsmokers) and drug administration state (drug versus placebo). Smokers showed less striatal responsivity to positive feedback, an alteration not mitigated by drug administration, but rather correlated with trait-level addiction severity. Conversely, nicotine administration reduced habenula activity following both positive and negative feedback among abstinent smokers, but not nonsmokers, and increased habenula activity among smokers correlated with elevated state-level tobacco cravings. These outcomes highlight a dissociation between neurobiological processes linked with the dependence severity trait and the nicotine withdrawal state. Interventions simultaneously targeting both aspects may improve currently poor cessation outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Michael C. Riedel
- Department of Physics, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Ranjita Poudel
- Department of Psychology, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Angela R. Laird
- Department of Physics, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Thomas J. Ross
- Neuroimaging Research Branch, National Institute on Drug Abuse–Intramural Research Program, NIH/DHHS, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Betty Jo Salmeron
- Neuroimaging Research Branch, National Institute on Drug Abuse–Intramural Research Program, NIH/DHHS, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Elliot A. Stein
- Neuroimaging Research Branch, National Institute on Drug Abuse–Intramural Research Program, NIH/DHHS, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Matthew T. Sutherland
- Department of Psychology, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA
- Corresponding author.
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Chang S, Ryu Y, Fan Y, Bang SK, Kim NJ, Lee JG, Kim JM, Lee BH, Yang CH, Kim HY. Involvement of the Cuneate Nucleus in the Acupuncture Inhibition of Drug-Seeking Behaviors. Front Neurosci 2019; 13:928. [PMID: 31555084 PMCID: PMC6727429 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2019.00928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2018] [Accepted: 08/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Our previous studies have shown that acupuncture suppresses addictive behaviors induced by drugs of abuse, including cocaine, morphine and ethanol, by modulating GABA neurons in the ventral tegmental area (VTA) and dopamine (DA) release in the nucleus accumbens (NAc). The mechanisms by which the peripheral signals generated by acupoint stimulation are transmitted to brain reward systems are largely unexplored. The present study aims to investigate the role of spinal dorsal column (DC) somatosensory pathways in the acupuncture inhibition of drug addictive behaviors. Thus, we tested whether acupuncture at Shenmen (HT7) points reduces drug-seeking behaviors in rats self-administering morphine or ethanol and whether such effects are inhibited by the disruption of the cuneate nucleus (CN). The stimulation of HT7 suppressed morphine and ethanol self-administration, which were completely abolished by surgical lesioning of the CN. In in vivo extracellular recordings, single-unit activity of the CN was evoked during acupuncture stimulation. The results suggest that acupuncture suppresses morphine- and ethanol-seeking behaviors through the modulation of the CN, second-order neurons of the DC somatosensory pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suchan Chang
- College of Korean Medicine, Daegu Haany University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Yeonhee Ryu
- Korean Medicine Fundamental Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Yu Fan
- College of Korean Medicine, Daegu Haany University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Se Kyun Bang
- Korean Medicine Fundamental Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon, South Korea.,Korean Convergence Medicine, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Nam Jun Kim
- College of Korean Medicine, Daegu Haany University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Jin Gyeom Lee
- College of Korean Medicine, Daegu Haany University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Jin Mook Kim
- College of Korean Medicine, Daegu Haany University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Bong Hyo Lee
- College of Korean Medicine, Daegu Haany University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Chae Ha Yang
- College of Korean Medicine, Daegu Haany University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Hee Young Kim
- College of Korean Medicine, Daegu Haany University, Daegu, South Korea
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López AJ, Jia Y, White AO, Kwapis JL, Espinoza M, Hwang P, Campbell R, Alaghband Y, Chitnis O, Matheos DP, Lynch G, Wood MA. Medial habenula cholinergic signaling regulates cocaine-associated relapse-like behavior. Addict Biol 2019; 24:403-413. [PMID: 29430793 PMCID: PMC6087687 DOI: 10.1111/adb.12605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2017] [Revised: 12/08/2017] [Accepted: 01/08/2018] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Propensity to relapse, even following long periods of abstinence, is a key feature in substance use disorders. Relapse and relapse‐like behaviors are known to be induced, in part, by re‐exposure to drug‐associated cues. Yet, while many critical nodes in the neural circuitry contributing to relapse have been identified and studied, a full description of the networks driving reinstatement of drug‐seeking behaviors is lacking. One area that may provide further insight to the mechanisms of relapse is the habenula complex, an epithalamic region composed of lateral and medial (MHb) substructures, each with unique cell and target populations. Although well conserved across vertebrate species, the functions of the MHb are not well understood. Recent research has demonstrated that the MHb regulates nicotine aversion and withdrawal. However, it remains undetermined whether MHb function is limited to nicotine and aversive stimuli or if MHb circuit regulates responses to other drugs of abuse. Advances in circuit‐level manipulations now allow for cell‐type and temporally specific manipulations during behavior, specifically in spatially restrictive brain regions, such as the MHb. In this study, we focus on the response of the MHb to reinstatement of cocaine‐associated behavior, demonstrating that cocaine‐primed reinstatement of conditioned place preference engages habenula circuitry. Using chemogenetics, we demonstrate that MHb activity is sufficient to induce reinstatement behavior. Together, these data identify the MHb as a key hub in the circuitry underlying reinstatement and may serve as a target for regulating relapse‐like behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto J. López
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, Ayala School of Biological Sciences; University of California; Irvine CA USA
- UC Irvine Center for Addiction Neuroscience, Ayala School of Biological Sciences; University of California; Irvine CA USA
- Center for the Neurobiology of Learning and Memory, Ayala School of Biological Sciences; University of California; Irvine CA USA
| | - Yousheng Jia
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Medicine; University of California; Irvine CA USA
| | - André O. White
- Department of Biological Sciences, Neuroscience and Behavior; Mount Holyoke College; South Hadley MA USA
| | - Janine L. Kwapis
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, Ayala School of Biological Sciences; University of California; Irvine CA USA
- UC Irvine Center for Addiction Neuroscience, Ayala School of Biological Sciences; University of California; Irvine CA USA
| | - Monica Espinoza
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, Ayala School of Biological Sciences; University of California; Irvine CA USA
- UC Irvine Center for Addiction Neuroscience, Ayala School of Biological Sciences; University of California; Irvine CA USA
- Center for the Neurobiology of Learning and Memory, Ayala School of Biological Sciences; University of California; Irvine CA USA
| | - Philip Hwang
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, Ayala School of Biological Sciences; University of California; Irvine CA USA
- UC Irvine Center for Addiction Neuroscience, Ayala School of Biological Sciences; University of California; Irvine CA USA
- Center for the Neurobiology of Learning and Memory, Ayala School of Biological Sciences; University of California; Irvine CA USA
| | - Rianne Campbell
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, Ayala School of Biological Sciences; University of California; Irvine CA USA
- UC Irvine Center for Addiction Neuroscience, Ayala School of Biological Sciences; University of California; Irvine CA USA
- Center for the Neurobiology of Learning and Memory, Ayala School of Biological Sciences; University of California; Irvine CA USA
| | - Yasaman Alaghband
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, Ayala School of Biological Sciences; University of California; Irvine CA USA
- UC Irvine Center for Addiction Neuroscience, Ayala School of Biological Sciences; University of California; Irvine CA USA
- Center for the Neurobiology of Learning and Memory, Ayala School of Biological Sciences; University of California; Irvine CA USA
| | - Om Chitnis
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, Ayala School of Biological Sciences; University of California; Irvine CA USA
- UC Irvine Center for Addiction Neuroscience, Ayala School of Biological Sciences; University of California; Irvine CA USA
- Center for the Neurobiology of Learning and Memory, Ayala School of Biological Sciences; University of California; Irvine CA USA
| | - Dina P. Matheos
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, Ayala School of Biological Sciences; University of California; Irvine CA USA
- UC Irvine Center for Addiction Neuroscience, Ayala School of Biological Sciences; University of California; Irvine CA USA
- Center for the Neurobiology of Learning and Memory, Ayala School of Biological Sciences; University of California; Irvine CA USA
| | - Gary Lynch
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Medicine; University of California; Irvine CA USA
| | - Marcelo A. Wood
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, Ayala School of Biological Sciences; University of California; Irvine CA USA
- UC Irvine Center for Addiction Neuroscience, Ayala School of Biological Sciences; University of California; Irvine CA USA
- Center for the Neurobiology of Learning and Memory, Ayala School of Biological Sciences; University of California; Irvine CA USA
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48
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Kaiser C, Kaufmann C, Leutritz T, Arnold YL, Speck O, Ullsperger M. The human habenula is responsive to changes in luminance and circadian rhythm. Neuroimage 2019; 189:581-588. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2019.01.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2018] [Revised: 12/24/2018] [Accepted: 01/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
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Mu P, Huang YH. Cholinergic system in sleep regulation of emotion and motivation. Pharmacol Res 2019; 143:113-118. [PMID: 30894329 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2019.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2018] [Revised: 02/28/2019] [Accepted: 03/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Sleep profoundly regulates our emotional and motivational state of mind. Human brain imaging and animal model studies are providing initial insights on the underlying neural mechanisms. Here, we focus on the brain cholinergic system, including cholinergic neurons in the basal forebrain, ventral striatum, habenula, and brain stem. Although much is learned about cholinergic regulations of emotion and motivation, less is known on their interactions with sleep. Specifically, we present an anatomical framework that highlights cholinergic signaling in the integrated reward-arousal/sleep circuitry, and identify the knowledge gaps on the potential roles of cholinergic system in sleep-mediated regulation of emotion and motivation. Sleep impacts every aspect of brain functions. It not only restores cognitive control, but also retunes emotional and motivational regulation [1]. Sleep disturbance is a comorbidity and sometimes a predicting factor for various psychiatric diseases including major depressive disorder, anxiety, post-traumatic stress disorder, and drug addiction [2-9]. Although it is well recognized that sleep prominently shapes emotional and motivational regulation, the underlying neural mechanisms remain elusive. The brain cholinergic system is essential for a diverse variety of functions including cognition, learning and memory, sensory and motor processing, sleep and arousal, reward processing, and emotion regulation [10-14]. Although cholinergic functions in cognition, learning and memory, motor control, and sleep and arousal have been well established, its interaction with sleep in regulating emotion and motivation has not been extensively studied. Here we review current evidence on sleep-mediated regulation of emotion and motivation, and reveal knowledge gaps on potential contributions from the cholinergic system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Mu
- College of Life Sciences, Ludong University, 186 Hongqi Middle Road, Yantai, Shandong, 264025, China.
| | - Yanhua H Huang
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, 15219, PA, United States.
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Juarez B, Liu Y, Zhang L, Han MH. Optogenetic investigation of neural mechanisms for alcohol-use disorder. Alcohol 2019; 74:29-38. [PMID: 30621856 DOI: 10.1016/j.alcohol.2018.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2018] [Revised: 04/17/2018] [Accepted: 05/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Optogenetic techniques have been widely used in the study of neuropsychiatric diseases such as anxiety, depression, and drug addiction. Cell-type specific targeting of optogenetic tools to neurons has contributed to a tremendous understanding of the function of neural circuits for future treatment of neuropsychiatric disorders. Though optogenetics has been widely used in many research areas, the use of optogenetic tools to uncover and elucidate neural circuit mechanisms of alcohol's actions in the brain are still developing. Here in this review article, we will provide a basic introduction to optogenetics and discuss how these optogenetic experimental approaches can be used in alcohol studies to reveal neural circuit mechanisms of alcohol's actions in regions implicated in the development of alcohol addiction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Juarez
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States; Department of Pharmacology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Yutong Liu
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States; Key Laboratory of Functional Proteomics of Guangdong Province, Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Lu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Proteomics of Guangdong Province, Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Ming-Hu Han
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States; Department of Neuroscience and Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States.
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