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Yogeshwar SM, Muñiz-Castrillo S, Sabater L, Peris-Sempere V, Mallajosyula V, Luo G, Yan H, Yu E, Zhang J, Lin L, Fagundes Bueno F, Ji X, Picard G, Rogemond V, Pinto AL, Heidbreder A, Höftberger R, Graus F, Dalmau J, Santamaria J, Iranzo A, Schreiner B, Giannoccaro MP, Liguori R, Shimohata T, Kimura A, Ono Y, Binks S, Mariotto S, Dinoto A, Bonello M, Hartmann CJ, Tambasco N, Nigro P, Prüss H, McKeon A, Davis MM, Irani SR, Honnorat J, Gaig C, Finke C, Mignot E. HLA-DQB1*05 subtypes and not DRB1*10:01 mediates risk in anti-IgLON5 disease. Brain 2024; 147:2579-2592. [PMID: 38425314 PMCID: PMC11224611 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awae048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Revised: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Anti-IgLON5 disease is a rare and likely underdiagnosed subtype of autoimmune encephalitis. The disease displays a heterogeneous phenotype that includes sleep, movement and bulbar-associated dysfunction. The presence of IgLON5-antibodies in CSF/serum, together with a strong association with HLA-DRB1*10:01∼DQB1*05:01, supports an autoimmune basis. In this study, a multicentric human leukocyte antigen (HLA) study of 87 anti-IgLON5 patients revealed a stronger association with HLA-DQ than HLA-DR. Specifically, we identified a predisposing rank-wise association with HLA-DQA1*01:05∼DQB1*05:01, HLA-DQA1*01:01∼DQB1*05:01 and HLA-DQA1*01:04∼DQB1*05:03 in 85% of patients. HLA sequences and binding cores for these three DQ heterodimers were similar, unlike those of linked DRB1 alleles, supporting a causal link to HLA-DQ. This association was further reflected in an increasingly later age of onset across each genotype group, with a delay of up to 11 years, while HLA-DQ-dosage dependent effects were also suggested by reduced risk in the presence of non-predisposing DQ1 alleles. The functional relevance of the observed HLA-DQ molecules was studied with competition binding assays. These proof-of-concept experiments revealed preferential binding of IgLON5 in a post-translationally modified, but not native, state to all three risk-associated HLA-DQ receptors. Further, a deamidated peptide from the Ig2-domain of IgLON5 activated T cells in two patients, compared with one control carrying HLA-DQA1*01:05∼DQB1*05:01. Taken together, these data support a HLA-DQ-mediated T-cell response to IgLON5 as a potentially key step in the initiation of autoimmunity in this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Selina M Yogeshwar
- Stanford Center for Sleep Sciences and Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Department of Neurology and Experimental Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität Berlin, 10117, Berlin, Germany
- Einstein Center for Neurosciences Berlin, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Sergio Muñiz-Castrillo
- Stanford Center for Sleep Sciences and Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Lidia Sabater
- Neuroimmunology Program, Fundació de Recerca Clínic Barcelona-Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, Caixa Research Institute, Universitat de Barcelona, 08036, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Vicente Peris-Sempere
- Stanford Center for Sleep Sciences and Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Vamsee Mallajosyula
- Institute for Immunity, Transplantation, and Infection, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Guo Luo
- Stanford Center for Sleep Sciences and Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Han Yan
- Stanford Center for Sleep Sciences and Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Eric Yu
- Stanford Center for Sleep Sciences and Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Jing Zhang
- Stanford Center for Sleep Sciences and Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Ling Lin
- Stanford Center for Sleep Sciences and Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Flavia Fagundes Bueno
- Stanford Center for Sleep Sciences and Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Xuhuai Ji
- Human Immune Monitoring Center, Institute for Immunity, Transplantation, and Infection, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Géraldine Picard
- French Reference Center on Paraneoplastic Neurological Syndrome and Autoimmune Encephalitis, Hospices Civils de Lyon, 69677, Lyon, France
- Institut MeLiS INSERM U1314/CNRS UMR 5284, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, 69372 Lyon, France
| | - Véronique Rogemond
- French Reference Center on Paraneoplastic Neurological Syndrome and Autoimmune Encephalitis, Hospices Civils de Lyon, 69677, Lyon, France
- Institut MeLiS INSERM U1314/CNRS UMR 5284, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, 69372 Lyon, France
| | - Anne Laurie Pinto
- French Reference Center on Paraneoplastic Neurological Syndrome and Autoimmune Encephalitis, Hospices Civils de Lyon, 69677, Lyon, France
- Institut MeLiS INSERM U1314/CNRS UMR 5284, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, 69372 Lyon, France
| | - Anna Heidbreder
- Kepler University Hospital, Department of Neurology, Johannes Kepler University, 4020 Linz, Austria
| | - Romana Höftberger
- Division of Neuropathology and Neurochemistry, Department of Neurology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Francesc Graus
- Neurology Service, Hospital Clínic of Barcelona, Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBAPS), 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Josep Dalmau
- Neurology Service, Hospital Clínic of Barcelona, Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBAPS), 08036 Barcelona, Spain
- Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA), 08010 Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Neurology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Spanish National Network for Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Joan Santamaria
- Neurology Service, Hospital Clínic of Barcelona, Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBAPS), 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alex Iranzo
- Neurology Service, Hospital Clínic of Barcelona, Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBAPS), 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Bettina Schreiner
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Zurich, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland
- Institute of Experimental Immunology, University of Zurich, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Maria Pia Giannoccaro
- IRCCS Istituto delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna, UOC Clinica Neurologica, 40139 Bologna, Italy
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche e Neuromotorie, Università di Bologna, 40100 Bologna, Italy
| | - Rocco Liguori
- IRCCS Istituto delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna, UOC Clinica Neurologica, 40139 Bologna, Italy
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche e Neuromotorie, Università di Bologna, 40100 Bologna, Italy
| | - Takayoshi Shimohata
- Department of Neurology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, 501-1194 Gifu, Japan
| | - Akio Kimura
- Department of Neurology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, 501-1194 Gifu, Japan
| | - Yoya Ono
- Department of Neurology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, 501-1194 Gifu, Japan
| | - Sophie Binks
- Oxford Autoimmune Neurology Group, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
- Department of Neurology, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
| | - Sara Mariotto
- Neurology Unit, Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine, and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, 37124 Verona, Italy
| | - Alessandro Dinoto
- Neurology Unit, Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine, and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, 37124 Verona, Italy
| | - Michael Bonello
- Department of Neurology, The Walton Centre NHS Foundation Trust, L9 7LJ, Liverpool, UK
| | - Christian J Hartmann
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
- Institute of Clinical Neuroscience and Medical Psychology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Nicola Tambasco
- Movement Disorders Center, Neurology Department, Perugia General Hospital and University of Perugia, 06156 Perugia, Italy
| | - Pasquale Nigro
- Movement Disorders Center, Neurology Department, Perugia General Hospital and University of Perugia, 06156 Perugia, Italy
| | - Harald Prüss
- Department of Neurology and Experimental Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität Berlin, 10117, Berlin, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Andrew McKeon
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Mark M Davis
- Institute for Immunity, Transplantation, and Infection, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Sarosh R Irani
- Department of Neurology, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
| | - Jérôme Honnorat
- French Reference Center on Paraneoplastic Neurological Syndrome and Autoimmune Encephalitis, Hospices Civils de Lyon, 69677, Lyon, France
- Institut MeLiS INSERM U1314/CNRS UMR 5284, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, 69372 Lyon, France
| | - Carles Gaig
- Neurology Service, Hospital Clínic of Barcelona, Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBAPS), 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carsten Finke
- Department of Neurology and Experimental Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität Berlin, 10117, Berlin, Germany
- Berlin Center for Advanced Neuroimaging, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Emmanuel Mignot
- Stanford Center for Sleep Sciences and Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
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Feng M, Zhou Z, Kang Q, Wang M, Tang J, Wu L. Clinical analysis and literature review of two paediatric cases of anti-IgLON5 antibody-related encephalitis. Front Neurol 2024; 15:1388970. [PMID: 38765268 PMCID: PMC11102051 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2024.1388970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Anti-IgLON5 antibody-related encephalitis is a rare autoimmune disorder of the central nervous system, predominantly occurring in middle-aged elderly individuals, with paediatric cases being exceptionally rare. This study aims to enhance the understanding of paediatric anti-IgLON5 antibody-related encephalitis by summarising its clinical and therapeutic characteristics. Method A retrospective analysis was conducted on two paediatric patients diagnosed with anti-IgLON5 antibody-related encephalitis at Hunan Children's Hospital from August 2022 to November 2023. This involved reviewing their medical records and follow-up data, in addition to a literature review. Results The study involved two patients, one male and one female, aged between 2.5 and 9.6 years, both presenting with an acute/subacute course of illness. Clinically, both exhibited movement disorders (including dystonia, involuntary movements, and ataxia), cognitive impairments, sleep disturbances, and psychiatric symptoms. Patient 1 experienced epileptic seizures, while Patient 2 exhibited brainstem symptoms and abnormal eye movements. Neither patient showed autonomic dysfunction. Patient 1 had normal cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and Brain MRI findings, whereas Patient 2 showed moderate leukocytosis and mild protein elevation in the CSF, and Brain MRI revealed symmetrical lesions in the basal ganglia and cerebellum. Oligoclonal bands in the CSF were positive in both cases. Both patients tested negative for HLA-DQB*05:01 and HLA-DRB*10:01. They received both first-line and second-line immunotherapies, with Patient 2 showing a poor response to treatment. Discussion Paediatric cases of anti-IgLON5 antibody-related encephalitis similarly present sleep disturbances as a core symptom, alongside various forms of movement disorders. Immunotherapy is partially effective. Compared to adult patients, these paediatric cases tend to exhibit more pronounced psychiatric symptoms, a more rapid onset, and more evident inflammatory changes in the CSF. The condition appears to have a limited association with HLA-DQB*05:01 and HLA-DRB*10:01 polymorphisms.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Liwen Wu
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Children’s Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University (Hunan children’s hospital), Changsha, China
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Lee SY, Shoji H, Shimozawa A, Aoyagi H, Sato Y, Tsumagari K, Terumitsu M, Motegi H, Okada K, Sekiguchi K, Kuromitsu J, Nakahara J, Miyakawa T, Ito D. Phenotypic Insights Into Anti-IgLON5 Disease in IgLON5-Deficient Mice. NEUROLOGY(R) NEUROIMMUNOLOGY & NEUROINFLAMMATION 2024; 11:e200234. [PMID: 38657185 PMCID: PMC11087031 DOI: 10.1212/nxi.0000000000200234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Anti-IgLON5 disease is an autoimmune neurodegenerative disorder characterized by various phenotypes, notably sleep and movement disorders and tau pathology. Although the disease is known to be associated with the neuronal cell adhesion protein IgLON5, the physiologic function of IgLON5 remains elusive. There are conflicting views on whether autoantibodies cause loss of function, activation of IgLON5, or inflammation-associated neuronal damage, ultimately leading to the disease. We generated IgLON5 knockout (-/-) mice to investigate the functions of IgLON5 and elucidate the pathomechanism of anti-IgLON5 disease. METHODS IgLON5 knockout (-/-) mice underwent behavioral tests investigating motor function, psychiatric function (notably anxiety and depression), social and exploratory behaviors, spatial learning and memory, and sensory perception. Histologic analysis was conducted to investigate tau aggregation in mice with tauopathy. RESULTS IgLON5-/- mice had poorer performance in the wire hang and rotarod tests (which are tests for motor function) than wild-type mice. Moreover, IgLON5-/- mice exhibited decreased anxiety-like behavior and/or hyperactivity in behavior tests, including light/dark transition test and open field test. IgLON5-/- mice also exhibited poorer remote memory in the contextual fear conditioning test. However, neither sleeping disabilities assessed by EEG nor tau aggregation was detected in the knockout mice. DISCUSSION These results suggest that IgLON5 is associated with activity, anxiety, motor ability, and contextual fear memory. Comparing the various phenotypes of anti-IgLON5 disease, anti-IgLON5 disease might partially be associated with loss of function of IgLON5; however, other phenotypes, such as sleep disorders and tau aggregation, can be caused by gain of function of IgLON5 and/or neuronal damage due to inflammation. Further studies are needed to elucidate the role of IgLON5 in the pathogenesis of anti-IgLON5 diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sin Yi Lee
- From the Department of Neurology (S.Y.L., H.M., K.O., K.S., J.N.), Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo; Division of Systems Medical Science (H.S., T.M.), Center for Medical Science, Fujita Health University, Toyoake; Eisai-Keio Innovation Laboratory for Dementia (A.S., H.A., Y.S., M.T., J.K.), Human Biology Integration, DHBL, Eisai Co., Ltd., Shinjuku-ku; Proteome Homeostasis Research Unit (K.T.), RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama; Department of Neurology (H.M.), The Jikei University School of Medicine; and Department of Physiology/Memory Center (D.I.), Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hirotaka Shoji
- From the Department of Neurology (S.Y.L., H.M., K.O., K.S., J.N.), Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo; Division of Systems Medical Science (H.S., T.M.), Center for Medical Science, Fujita Health University, Toyoake; Eisai-Keio Innovation Laboratory for Dementia (A.S., H.A., Y.S., M.T., J.K.), Human Biology Integration, DHBL, Eisai Co., Ltd., Shinjuku-ku; Proteome Homeostasis Research Unit (K.T.), RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama; Department of Neurology (H.M.), The Jikei University School of Medicine; and Department of Physiology/Memory Center (D.I.), Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Aki Shimozawa
- From the Department of Neurology (S.Y.L., H.M., K.O., K.S., J.N.), Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo; Division of Systems Medical Science (H.S., T.M.), Center for Medical Science, Fujita Health University, Toyoake; Eisai-Keio Innovation Laboratory for Dementia (A.S., H.A., Y.S., M.T., J.K.), Human Biology Integration, DHBL, Eisai Co., Ltd., Shinjuku-ku; Proteome Homeostasis Research Unit (K.T.), RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama; Department of Neurology (H.M.), The Jikei University School of Medicine; and Department of Physiology/Memory Center (D.I.), Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hirofumi Aoyagi
- From the Department of Neurology (S.Y.L., H.M., K.O., K.S., J.N.), Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo; Division of Systems Medical Science (H.S., T.M.), Center for Medical Science, Fujita Health University, Toyoake; Eisai-Keio Innovation Laboratory for Dementia (A.S., H.A., Y.S., M.T., J.K.), Human Biology Integration, DHBL, Eisai Co., Ltd., Shinjuku-ku; Proteome Homeostasis Research Unit (K.T.), RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama; Department of Neurology (H.M.), The Jikei University School of Medicine; and Department of Physiology/Memory Center (D.I.), Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Sato
- From the Department of Neurology (S.Y.L., H.M., K.O., K.S., J.N.), Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo; Division of Systems Medical Science (H.S., T.M.), Center for Medical Science, Fujita Health University, Toyoake; Eisai-Keio Innovation Laboratory for Dementia (A.S., H.A., Y.S., M.T., J.K.), Human Biology Integration, DHBL, Eisai Co., Ltd., Shinjuku-ku; Proteome Homeostasis Research Unit (K.T.), RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama; Department of Neurology (H.M.), The Jikei University School of Medicine; and Department of Physiology/Memory Center (D.I.), Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazuya Tsumagari
- From the Department of Neurology (S.Y.L., H.M., K.O., K.S., J.N.), Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo; Division of Systems Medical Science (H.S., T.M.), Center for Medical Science, Fujita Health University, Toyoake; Eisai-Keio Innovation Laboratory for Dementia (A.S., H.A., Y.S., M.T., J.K.), Human Biology Integration, DHBL, Eisai Co., Ltd., Shinjuku-ku; Proteome Homeostasis Research Unit (K.T.), RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama; Department of Neurology (H.M.), The Jikei University School of Medicine; and Department of Physiology/Memory Center (D.I.), Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mika Terumitsu
- From the Department of Neurology (S.Y.L., H.M., K.O., K.S., J.N.), Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo; Division of Systems Medical Science (H.S., T.M.), Center for Medical Science, Fujita Health University, Toyoake; Eisai-Keio Innovation Laboratory for Dementia (A.S., H.A., Y.S., M.T., J.K.), Human Biology Integration, DHBL, Eisai Co., Ltd., Shinjuku-ku; Proteome Homeostasis Research Unit (K.T.), RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama; Department of Neurology (H.M.), The Jikei University School of Medicine; and Department of Physiology/Memory Center (D.I.), Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Haruhiko Motegi
- From the Department of Neurology (S.Y.L., H.M., K.O., K.S., J.N.), Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo; Division of Systems Medical Science (H.S., T.M.), Center for Medical Science, Fujita Health University, Toyoake; Eisai-Keio Innovation Laboratory for Dementia (A.S., H.A., Y.S., M.T., J.K.), Human Biology Integration, DHBL, Eisai Co., Ltd., Shinjuku-ku; Proteome Homeostasis Research Unit (K.T.), RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama; Department of Neurology (H.M.), The Jikei University School of Medicine; and Department of Physiology/Memory Center (D.I.), Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kensuke Okada
- From the Department of Neurology (S.Y.L., H.M., K.O., K.S., J.N.), Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo; Division of Systems Medical Science (H.S., T.M.), Center for Medical Science, Fujita Health University, Toyoake; Eisai-Keio Innovation Laboratory for Dementia (A.S., H.A., Y.S., M.T., J.K.), Human Biology Integration, DHBL, Eisai Co., Ltd., Shinjuku-ku; Proteome Homeostasis Research Unit (K.T.), RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama; Department of Neurology (H.M.), The Jikei University School of Medicine; and Department of Physiology/Memory Center (D.I.), Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Koji Sekiguchi
- From the Department of Neurology (S.Y.L., H.M., K.O., K.S., J.N.), Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo; Division of Systems Medical Science (H.S., T.M.), Center for Medical Science, Fujita Health University, Toyoake; Eisai-Keio Innovation Laboratory for Dementia (A.S., H.A., Y.S., M.T., J.K.), Human Biology Integration, DHBL, Eisai Co., Ltd., Shinjuku-ku; Proteome Homeostasis Research Unit (K.T.), RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama; Department of Neurology (H.M.), The Jikei University School of Medicine; and Department of Physiology/Memory Center (D.I.), Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Junro Kuromitsu
- From the Department of Neurology (S.Y.L., H.M., K.O., K.S., J.N.), Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo; Division of Systems Medical Science (H.S., T.M.), Center for Medical Science, Fujita Health University, Toyoake; Eisai-Keio Innovation Laboratory for Dementia (A.S., H.A., Y.S., M.T., J.K.), Human Biology Integration, DHBL, Eisai Co., Ltd., Shinjuku-ku; Proteome Homeostasis Research Unit (K.T.), RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama; Department of Neurology (H.M.), The Jikei University School of Medicine; and Department of Physiology/Memory Center (D.I.), Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Jin Nakahara
- From the Department of Neurology (S.Y.L., H.M., K.O., K.S., J.N.), Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo; Division of Systems Medical Science (H.S., T.M.), Center for Medical Science, Fujita Health University, Toyoake; Eisai-Keio Innovation Laboratory for Dementia (A.S., H.A., Y.S., M.T., J.K.), Human Biology Integration, DHBL, Eisai Co., Ltd., Shinjuku-ku; Proteome Homeostasis Research Unit (K.T.), RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama; Department of Neurology (H.M.), The Jikei University School of Medicine; and Department of Physiology/Memory Center (D.I.), Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Miyakawa
- From the Department of Neurology (S.Y.L., H.M., K.O., K.S., J.N.), Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo; Division of Systems Medical Science (H.S., T.M.), Center for Medical Science, Fujita Health University, Toyoake; Eisai-Keio Innovation Laboratory for Dementia (A.S., H.A., Y.S., M.T., J.K.), Human Biology Integration, DHBL, Eisai Co., Ltd., Shinjuku-ku; Proteome Homeostasis Research Unit (K.T.), RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama; Department of Neurology (H.M.), The Jikei University School of Medicine; and Department of Physiology/Memory Center (D.I.), Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Daisuke Ito
- From the Department of Neurology (S.Y.L., H.M., K.O., K.S., J.N.), Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo; Division of Systems Medical Science (H.S., T.M.), Center for Medical Science, Fujita Health University, Toyoake; Eisai-Keio Innovation Laboratory for Dementia (A.S., H.A., Y.S., M.T., J.K.), Human Biology Integration, DHBL, Eisai Co., Ltd., Shinjuku-ku; Proteome Homeostasis Research Unit (K.T.), RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama; Department of Neurology (H.M.), The Jikei University School of Medicine; and Department of Physiology/Memory Center (D.I.), Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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Habicher J, Sanvido I, Bühler A, Sartori S, Piccoli G, Carl M. The Risk Genes for Neuropsychiatric Disorders negr1 and opcml Are Expressed throughout Zebrafish Brain Development. Genes (Basel) 2024; 15:363. [PMID: 38540422 PMCID: PMC10969947 DOI: 10.3390/genes15030363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2024] [Revised: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024] Open
Abstract
The immunoglobulin LAMP/OBCAM/NTM (IgLON) family of cell adhesion molecules comprises five members known for their involvement in establishing neural circuit connectivity, fine-tuning, and maintenance. Mutations in IgLON genes result in alterations in these processes and can lead to neuropsychiatric disorders. The two IgLON family members NEGR1 and OPCML share common links with several of them, such as schizophrenia, autism, and major depressive disorder. However, the onset and the underlying molecular mechanisms have remained largely unresolved, hampering progress in developing therapies. NEGR1 and OPCML are evolutionarily conserved in teleosts like the zebrafish (Danio rerio), which is excellently suited for disease modelling and large-scale screening for disease-ameliorating compounds. To explore the potential applicability of zebrafish for extending our knowledge on NEGR1- and OPCML-linked disorders and to develop new therapeutic strategies, we investigated the spatio-temporal expression of the two genes during early stages of development. negr1 and opcml are expressed maternally and subsequently in partially distinct domains of conserved brain regions. Other areas of expression in zebrafish have not been reported in mammals to date. Our results indicate that NEGR1 and OPCML may play roles in neural circuit development and function at stages earlier than previously anticipated. A detailed functional analysis of the two genes based on our findings could contribute to understanding the mechanistic basis of related psychiatric disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judith Habicher
- Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology, CIBIO, University of Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy; (J.H.); (I.S.); (A.B.); (S.S.); (G.P.)
| | - Ilaria Sanvido
- Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology, CIBIO, University of Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy; (J.H.); (I.S.); (A.B.); (S.S.); (G.P.)
| | - Anja Bühler
- Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology, CIBIO, University of Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy; (J.H.); (I.S.); (A.B.); (S.S.); (G.P.)
- Molecular Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine II, University of Ulm, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Samuele Sartori
- Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology, CIBIO, University of Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy; (J.H.); (I.S.); (A.B.); (S.S.); (G.P.)
| | - Giovanni Piccoli
- Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology, CIBIO, University of Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy; (J.H.); (I.S.); (A.B.); (S.S.); (G.P.)
| | - Matthias Carl
- Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology, CIBIO, University of Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy; (J.H.); (I.S.); (A.B.); (S.S.); (G.P.)
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Salluzzo M, Vianello C, Abdullatef S, Rimondini R, Piccoli G, Carboni L. The Role of IgLON Cell Adhesion Molecules in Neurodegenerative Diseases. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:1886. [PMID: 37895235 PMCID: PMC10606101 DOI: 10.3390/genes14101886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
In the brain, cell adhesion molecules (CAMs) are critical for neurite outgrowth, axonal fasciculation, neuronal survival and migration, and synapse formation and maintenance. Among CAMs, the IgLON family comprises five members: Opioid Binding Protein/Cell Adhesion Molecule Like (OPCML or OBCAM), Limbic System Associated Membrane Protein (LSAMP), neurotrimin (NTM), Neuronal Growth Regulator 1 (NEGR1), and IgLON5. IgLONs exhibit three N-terminal C2 immunoglobulin domains; several glycosylation sites; and a glycosylphosphatidylinositol anchoring to the membrane. Interactions as homo- or heterodimers in cis and in trans, as well as binding to other molecules, appear critical for their functions. Shedding by metalloproteases generates soluble factors interacting with cellular receptors and activating signal transduction. The aim of this review was to analyse the available data implicating a role for IgLONs in neuropsychiatric disorders. Starting from the identification of a pathological role for antibodies against IgLON5 in an autoimmune neurodegenerative disease with a poorly understood mechanism of action, accumulating evidence links IgLONs to neuropsychiatric disorders, albeit with still undefined mechanisms which will require future thorough investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Salluzzo
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy;
| | - Clara Vianello
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (C.V.); (R.R.)
| | - Sandra Abdullatef
- Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology, University of Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy; (S.A.); (G.P.)
| | - Roberto Rimondini
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (C.V.); (R.R.)
| | - Giovanni Piccoli
- Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology, University of Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy; (S.A.); (G.P.)
| | - Lucia Carboni
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy;
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6
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Depression-Associated Negr1 Gene-Deficiency Induces Alterations in the Monoaminergic Neurotransmission Enhancing Time-Dependent Sensitization to Amphetamine in Male Mice. Brain Sci 2022; 12:brainsci12121696. [PMID: 36552158 PMCID: PMC9776224 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci12121696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Revised: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
In GWAS studies, the neural adhesion molecule encoding the neuronal growth regulator 1 (NEGR1) gene has been consistently linked with both depression and obesity. Although the linkage between NEGR1 and depression is the strongest, evidence also suggests the involvement of NEGR1 in a wide spectrum of psychiatric conditions. Here we show the expression of NEGR1 both in tyrosine- and tryptophan hydroxylase-positive cells. Negr1-/- mice show a time-dependent increase in behavioral sensitization to amphetamine associated with increased dopamine release in both the dorsal and ventral striatum. Upregulation of transcripts encoding dopamine and serotonin transporters and higher levels of several monoamines and their metabolites was evident in distinct brain areas of Negr1-/- mice. Chronic (23 days) escitalopram-induced reduction of serotonin and dopamine turnover is enhanced in Negr1-/- mice, and escitalopram rescued reduced weight of hippocampi in Negr1-/- mice. The current study is the first to show alterations in the brain monoaminergic systems in Negr1-deficient mice, suggesting that monoaminergic neural circuits contribute to both depressive and obesity-related phenotypes linked to the human NEGR1 gene.
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7
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Zhang YZ, Ni Y, Gao YN, Shen DD, He L, Yin D, Meng HY, Zhou QM, Hu J, Chen S. Anti-IgLON5 disease: a novel topic beyond neuroimmunology. Neural Regen Res 2022; 18:1017-1022. [PMID: 36254983 PMCID: PMC9827781 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.355742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Anti-IgLON5 disease is a recently defined autoimmune disorder of the nervous system associated with autoantibodies against IgLON5. Given its broad clinical spectrum and extremely complex pathogenesis, as well as difficulties in its early diagnosis and treatment, anti-IgLON5 disease has become the subject of considerable research attention in the field of neuroimmunology. Anti-IgLON5 disease has characteristics of both autoimmunity and neurodegeneration due to the unique activity of the anti-IgLON5 antibody. Neuropathologic examination revealed the presence of a tauopathy preferentially affecting the hypothalamus and brainstem tegmentum, potentially broadening our understanding of tauopathies. In contrast to that seen with other autoimmune encephalitis-related antibodies, basic studies have demonstrated that IgLON5 antibody-induced neuronal damage and degeneration are irreversible, indicative of a potential link between autoimmunity and neurodegeneration in anti-IgLON5 disease. Herein, we comprehensively review and discuss basic and clinical studies relating to anti-IgLON5 disease to better understand this complicated disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-ZongHeng Zhang
- Department of Neurology & Institute of Neurology, Ruijin Hospital, Affiliated with Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - You Ni
- Department of Neurology & Institute of Neurology, Ruijin Hospital, Affiliated with Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi-Ning Gao
- Department of Neurology & Institute of Neurology, Ruijin Hospital, Affiliated with Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ding-Ding Shen
- Department of Neurology & Institute of Neurology, Ruijin Hospital, Affiliated with Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China,Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Lu He
- Department of Neurology & Institute of Neurology, Ruijin Hospital, Affiliated with Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Dou Yin
- Department of Neurology & Institute of Neurology, Ruijin Hospital, Affiliated with Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Huan-Yu Meng
- Department of Neurology & Institute of Neurology, Ruijin Hospital, Affiliated with Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qin-Ming Zhou
- Department of Neurology & Institute of Neurology, Ruijin Hospital, Affiliated with Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China,Correspondence to: Sheng Chen, ; Ji Hu, ; Qin-Ming Zhou, .
| | - Ji Hu
- Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China,School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai, China,Correspondence to: Sheng Chen, ; Ji Hu, ; Qin-Ming Zhou, .
| | - Sheng Chen
- Department of Neurology & Institute of Neurology, Ruijin Hospital, Affiliated with Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China,Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China,Correspondence to: Sheng Chen, ; Ji Hu, ; Qin-Ming Zhou, .
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8
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Washer SJ, Flynn R, Oguro‐Ando A, Hannon E, Burrage J, Jeffries A, Mill J, Dempster EL. Functional characterization of the schizophrenia associated gene AS3MT identifies a role in neuronal development. Am J Med Genet B Neuropsychiatr Genet 2022; 189:151-162. [PMID: 35719055 PMCID: PMC9546433 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.b.32905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Revised: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified multiple genomic regions associated with schizophrenia, although many variants reside in noncoding regions characterized by high linkage disequilibrium (LD) making the elucidation of molecular mechanisms challenging. A genomic region on chromosome 10q24 has been consistently associated with schizophrenia with risk attributed to the AS3MT gene. Although AS3MT is hypothesized to play a role in neuronal development and differentiation, work to fully understand the function of this gene has been limited. In this study we explored the function of AS3MT using a neuronal cell line (SH-SY5Y). We confirm previous findings of isoform specific expression of AS3MT during SH-SY5Y differentiation toward neuronal fates. Using CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing we generated AS3MT knockout SH-SY5Y cell lines and used RNA-seq to identify significant changes in gene expression in pathways associated with neuronal development, inflammation, extracellular matrix formation, and RNA processing, including dysregulation of other genes strongly implicated in schizophrenia. We did not observe any morphological changes in cell size and neurite length following neuronal differentiation and MAP2 immunocytochemistry. These results provide novel insights into the potential role of AS3MT in brain development and identify pathways through which genetic variation in this region may confer risk for schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sam J. Washer
- University of Exeter College of Medicine and Health, University of ExeterExeterUK,Cellular Operations, Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome CampusHinxtonUK
| | - Robert Flynn
- University of Exeter College of Medicine and Health, University of ExeterExeterUK
| | - Asami Oguro‐Ando
- University of Exeter College of Medicine and Health, University of ExeterExeterUK
| | - Eilis Hannon
- University of Exeter College of Medicine and Health, University of ExeterExeterUK
| | - Joe Burrage
- University of Exeter College of Medicine and Health, University of ExeterExeterUK
| | - Aaron Jeffries
- University of Exeter College of Medicine and Health, University of ExeterExeterUK
| | - Jonathan Mill
- University of Exeter College of Medicine and Health, University of ExeterExeterUK
| | - Emma L. Dempster
- University of Exeter College of Medicine and Health, University of ExeterExeterUK
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9
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Alvente S, Matteoli G, Molina-Porcel L, Landa J, Alba M, Bastianini S, Berteotti C, Graus F, Lo Martire V, Sabater L, Zoccoli G, Silvani A. Pilot Study of the Effects of Chronic Intracerebroventricular Infusion of Human Anti-IgLON5 Disease Antibodies in Mice. Cells 2022; 11:cells11061024. [PMID: 35326477 PMCID: PMC8947551 DOI: 10.3390/cells11061024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Revised: 03/06/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Anti-IgLON5 disease is a rare late-onset neurological disease associated with autoantibodies against IgLON5, neuronal accumulation of phosphorylated Tau protein (p-Tau), and sleep, respiratory, and motor alterations. Purpose: We performed a pilot study of whether the neuropathological and clinical features of anti-IgLON5 disease may be recapitulated in mice with chronic intracerebroventricular infusion of human anti-IgLON5 disease IgG (Pt-IgG). Methods: Humanized transgenic hTau mice expressing human Tau protein and wild-type (WT) control mice were infused intracerebroventricularly with Pt-IgG or with antibodies from a control subject for 14 days. The sleep, respiratory, and motor phenotype was evaluated at the end of the antibody infusion and at least 30 days thereafter, followed by immunohistochemical assessment of p-Tau deposition. Results: In female hTau and WT mice infused with Pt-IgG, we found reproducible trends of diffuse neuronal cytoplasmic p-Tau deposits in the brainstem and hippocampus, increased ventilatory period during sleep, and decreased inter-lick interval during wakefulness. These findings were not replicated on male hTau mice. Conclusion: The results of our pilot study suggest, but do not prove, that chronic ICV infusion of mice with Pt-IgG may elicit neuropathological, respiratory, and motor alterations. These results should be considered as preliminary until replicated in larger studies taking account of potential sex differences in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Alvente
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, 40123 Bologna, Italy; (S.A.); (G.M.); (S.B.); (C.B.); (V.L.M.); (G.Z.)
| | - Gabriele Matteoli
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, 40123 Bologna, Italy; (S.A.); (G.M.); (S.B.); (C.B.); (V.L.M.); (G.Z.)
| | - Laura Molina-Porcel
- Hospital Clínic, Institut d’Investigacions Biomediques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (L.M.-P.); (J.L.); (M.A.); (F.G.); (L.S.)
- Alzheimer’s Disease and Other Cognitive Disorders Unit, Neurology Service, Hospital Clínic, IDIBAPS, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
- Neurological Tissue Bank, Biobanc, Hospital Clínic, IDIBAPS, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jon Landa
- Hospital Clínic, Institut d’Investigacions Biomediques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (L.M.-P.); (J.L.); (M.A.); (F.G.); (L.S.)
| | - Mercedes Alba
- Hospital Clínic, Institut d’Investigacions Biomediques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (L.M.-P.); (J.L.); (M.A.); (F.G.); (L.S.)
| | - Stefano Bastianini
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, 40123 Bologna, Italy; (S.A.); (G.M.); (S.B.); (C.B.); (V.L.M.); (G.Z.)
| | - Chiara Berteotti
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, 40123 Bologna, Italy; (S.A.); (G.M.); (S.B.); (C.B.); (V.L.M.); (G.Z.)
| | - Francesc Graus
- Hospital Clínic, Institut d’Investigacions Biomediques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (L.M.-P.); (J.L.); (M.A.); (F.G.); (L.S.)
| | - Viviana Lo Martire
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, 40123 Bologna, Italy; (S.A.); (G.M.); (S.B.); (C.B.); (V.L.M.); (G.Z.)
| | - Lidia Sabater
- Hospital Clínic, Institut d’Investigacions Biomediques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (L.M.-P.); (J.L.); (M.A.); (F.G.); (L.S.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Giovanna Zoccoli
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, 40123 Bologna, Italy; (S.A.); (G.M.); (S.B.); (C.B.); (V.L.M.); (G.Z.)
| | - Alessandro Silvani
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, 40123 Bologna, Italy; (S.A.); (G.M.); (S.B.); (C.B.); (V.L.M.); (G.Z.)
- Correspondence:
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10
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Madetko N, Marzec W, Kowalska A, Przewodowska D, Alster P, Koziorowski D. Anti-IgLON5 Disease - The Current State of Knowledge and Further Perspectives. Front Immunol 2022; 13:852215. [PMID: 35300333 PMCID: PMC8921982 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.852215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Anti-IgLON5 disease is a relatively new neurological entity with the first cases reported in 2014. So far, less than 70 articles on this topic have been published. Due to its unspecific symptomatology, diverse progression, novelty and ambiguous character, it remains a difficulty for both clinical practitioners and scientists. The aim of this review is to summarize the current knowledge concerning anti-IgLON5 disease; mechanisms underlying its cause, symptomatology, clinical progression, differential diagnosis and treatment, which could be helpful in clinical practice and future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Madetko
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Weronika Marzec
- Students’ Scientific Circle of the Department of Neurology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Agata Kowalska
- Students’ Scientific Circle of the Department of Neurology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Dominika Przewodowska
- Students’ Scientific Circle of the Department of Neurology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Piotr Alster
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
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11
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Niederschweiberer J, Schumacher NU, Kumpfmüller D, Lingg C, Graf S, Ikenberg B, Mühlau M, Lingor P, Hemmer B, Knier B. [The anti-IgLON5 syndrome in clinical neurology-Report of two cases]. DER NERVENARZT 2022; 93:1247-1249. [PMID: 35704066 PMCID: PMC9718859 DOI: 10.1007/s00115-022-01344-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Johanna Niederschweiberer
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Neurologie, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Ismaninger Str. 22, 81675, München, Deutschland.
| | - Nicolas U Schumacher
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Neurologie, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Ismaninger Str. 22, 81675, München, Deutschland
| | - Daniela Kumpfmüller
- Klinik für Anästhesiologie und Intensivmedizin, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, München, Deutschland
| | - Charlotte Lingg
- Klinik für Anästhesiologie und Intensivmedizin, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, München, Deutschland
| | - Simone Graf
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Hals-Nasen-Ohrenheilkunde, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, München, Deutschland
| | - Benno Ikenberg
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Neurologie, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Ismaninger Str. 22, 81675, München, Deutschland
| | - Mark Mühlau
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Neurologie, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Ismaninger Str. 22, 81675, München, Deutschland
| | - Paul Lingor
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Neurologie, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Ismaninger Str. 22, 81675, München, Deutschland
| | - Bernhard Hemmer
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Neurologie, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Ismaninger Str. 22, 81675, München, Deutschland
- Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), München, Deutschland
| | - Benjamin Knier
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Neurologie, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Ismaninger Str. 22, 81675, München, Deutschland
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12
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Spatiotemporal expression of IgLON family members in the developing mouse nervous system. Sci Rep 2021; 11:19536. [PMID: 34599206 PMCID: PMC8486791 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-97768-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Differential expression of cell adhesion molecules in neuronal populations is one of the many mechanisms promoting the formation of functional neural circuits in the developing nervous system. The IgLON family consists of five cell surface immunoglobulin proteins that have been associated with various developmental disorders, such as autism spectrum disorder, schizophrenia, and major depressive disorder. However, there is still limited and fragmented information about their patterns of expression in certain regions of the developing nervous system and how their expression contributes to their function. Utilizing an in situ hybridization approach, we have analyzed the spatiotemporal expression of all IgLON family members in the developing mouse brain, spinal cord, eye, olfactory epithelium, and vomeronasal organ. At one prenatal (E16) and two postnatal (P0 and P15) ages, we show that each IgLON displays distinct expression patterns in the olfactory system, cerebral cortex, midbrain, cerebellum, spinal cord, and eye, indicating that they likely contribute to the wiring of specific neuronal circuitry. These analyses will inform future functional studies aimed at identifying additional roles for these proteins in nervous system development.
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13
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Kaare M, Mikheim K, Lilleväli K, Kilk K, Jagomäe T, Leidmaa E, Piirsalu M, Porosk R, Singh K, Reimets R, Taalberg E, Schäfer MKE, Plaas M, Vasar E, Philips MA. High-Fat Diet Induces Pre-Diabetes and Distinct Sex-Specific Metabolic Alterations in Negr1-Deficient Mice. Biomedicines 2021; 9:1148. [PMID: 34572334 PMCID: PMC8466019 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9091148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Revised: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In the large GWAS studies, NEGR1 gene has been one of the most significant gene loci for body mass phenotype. The purpose of the current study was to clarify the role of NEGR1 in the maintenance of systemic metabolism, including glucose homeostasis, by using both male and female Negr1-/- mice receiving a standard or high fat diet (HFD). We found that 6 weeks of HFD leads to higher levels of blood glucose in Negr1-/- mice. In the glucose tolerance test, HFD induced phenotype difference only in male mice; Negr1-/- male mice displayed altered glucose tolerance, accompanied with upregulation of circulatory branched-chain amino acids (BCAA). The general metabolomic profile indicates that Negr1-/- mice are biased towards glyconeogenesis, fatty acid synthesis, and higher protein catabolism, all of which are amplified by HFD. Negr1 deficiency appears to induce alterations in the efficiency of energy storage; reduced food intake could be an attempt to compensate for the metabolic challenge present in the Negr1-/- males, particularly during the HFD exposure. Our results suggest that the presence of functional Negr1 allows male mice to consume more HFD and prevents the development of glucose intolerance, liver steatosis, and excessive weight gain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Kaare
- Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, Department of Physiology, University of Tartu, 19 Ravila Street, 50411 Tartu, Estonia; (K.M.); (K.L.); (T.J.); (M.P.); (K.S.); (E.V.); (M.-A.P.)
- Center of Excellence in Genomics and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, 50411 Tartu, Estonia; (K.K.); (R.P.); (E.T.)
| | - Kaie Mikheim
- Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, Department of Physiology, University of Tartu, 19 Ravila Street, 50411 Tartu, Estonia; (K.M.); (K.L.); (T.J.); (M.P.); (K.S.); (E.V.); (M.-A.P.)
- Center of Excellence in Genomics and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, 50411 Tartu, Estonia; (K.K.); (R.P.); (E.T.)
| | - Kersti Lilleväli
- Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, Department of Physiology, University of Tartu, 19 Ravila Street, 50411 Tartu, Estonia; (K.M.); (K.L.); (T.J.); (M.P.); (K.S.); (E.V.); (M.-A.P.)
- Center of Excellence in Genomics and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, 50411 Tartu, Estonia; (K.K.); (R.P.); (E.T.)
| | - Kalle Kilk
- Center of Excellence in Genomics and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, 50411 Tartu, Estonia; (K.K.); (R.P.); (E.T.)
- Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, Department of Biochemistry, University of Tartu, 19 Ravila Street, 50411 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Toomas Jagomäe
- Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, Department of Physiology, University of Tartu, 19 Ravila Street, 50411 Tartu, Estonia; (K.M.); (K.L.); (T.J.); (M.P.); (K.S.); (E.V.); (M.-A.P.)
- Center of Excellence in Genomics and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, 50411 Tartu, Estonia; (K.K.); (R.P.); (E.T.)
- Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, Laboratory Animal Center, University of Tartu, 14B Ravila Street, 50411 Tartu, Estonia; (R.R.); (M.P.)
| | - Este Leidmaa
- Institute of Molecular Psychiatry, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, 53129 Bonn, Germany;
| | - Maria Piirsalu
- Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, Department of Physiology, University of Tartu, 19 Ravila Street, 50411 Tartu, Estonia; (K.M.); (K.L.); (T.J.); (M.P.); (K.S.); (E.V.); (M.-A.P.)
- Center of Excellence in Genomics and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, 50411 Tartu, Estonia; (K.K.); (R.P.); (E.T.)
| | - Rando Porosk
- Center of Excellence in Genomics and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, 50411 Tartu, Estonia; (K.K.); (R.P.); (E.T.)
- Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, Department of Biochemistry, University of Tartu, 19 Ravila Street, 50411 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Katyayani Singh
- Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, Department of Physiology, University of Tartu, 19 Ravila Street, 50411 Tartu, Estonia; (K.M.); (K.L.); (T.J.); (M.P.); (K.S.); (E.V.); (M.-A.P.)
- Center of Excellence in Genomics and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, 50411 Tartu, Estonia; (K.K.); (R.P.); (E.T.)
| | - Riin Reimets
- Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, Laboratory Animal Center, University of Tartu, 14B Ravila Street, 50411 Tartu, Estonia; (R.R.); (M.P.)
| | - Egon Taalberg
- Center of Excellence in Genomics and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, 50411 Tartu, Estonia; (K.K.); (R.P.); (E.T.)
- Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, Department of Biochemistry, University of Tartu, 19 Ravila Street, 50411 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Michael K. E. Schäfer
- Department of Anesthesiology, Focus Program Translational Neurosciences, Research Center for Immunotherapy, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, 55131 Mainz, Germany;
| | - Mario Plaas
- Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, Laboratory Animal Center, University of Tartu, 14B Ravila Street, 50411 Tartu, Estonia; (R.R.); (M.P.)
| | - Eero Vasar
- Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, Department of Physiology, University of Tartu, 19 Ravila Street, 50411 Tartu, Estonia; (K.M.); (K.L.); (T.J.); (M.P.); (K.S.); (E.V.); (M.-A.P.)
- Center of Excellence in Genomics and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, 50411 Tartu, Estonia; (K.K.); (R.P.); (E.T.)
| | - Mari-Anne Philips
- Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, Department of Physiology, University of Tartu, 19 Ravila Street, 50411 Tartu, Estonia; (K.M.); (K.L.); (T.J.); (M.P.); (K.S.); (E.V.); (M.-A.P.)
- Center of Excellence in Genomics and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, 50411 Tartu, Estonia; (K.K.); (R.P.); (E.T.)
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14
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Ye F, Fan C, Peng M, Liu S, Yu Y, Yang L. Anti-IgLON5 disease in a pediatric patient with Langerhans cell histiocytosis. Clin Chim Acta 2021; 521:212-214. [PMID: 34270954 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2021.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Revised: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Anti-IgLON5 disease is a rare autoimmune disease of the central nervous system. Different from the previous autoimmune encephalitis, the disease is a chronic progressive disease characterized by abnormal sleep, sleep apnea and motor disorders, which is prone to misdiagnosis and missed diagnosis. METHODS We report a unique case of anti-IgLON5 disease in a pediatric patient with Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH). He gradually developed increased muscle tone and nystagmus during chemotherapy and showed signs of meningeal enhancement on cranial imaging. Due to insufficient evidence of LCH invasion of the central nervous system, the presence of autoimmune encephalitis-related antibodies was investigated by using cell-based assay (CBA) experiment in indirect immuno-fluorescence assay (IFA). RESULTS Clinical manifestations of sleep disorders and motor disorders, plus the presence of IgLON5 IgG antibodies (1:30) in the serum leading to a confirmed diagnosis of anti-IgLON5 disease. CONCLUSION Anti-IgLON5 disease is rare and almost no cases of children have been reported. In view of the difficult to recognize symptoms in pediatric patients, especially those with other comorbidities. Clinicians should raise their awareness of this disease and pay attention to the detection of autoimmune antibodies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fanghua Ye
- Department of Pediatrics, Xiangya Hospital Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, People's Republic of China
| | - Chenying Fan
- Department of Pediatrics, Xiangya Hospital Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, People's Republic of China
| | - Min Peng
- Department of Pediatrics, Xiangya Hospital Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, People's Republic of China
| | - Siqin Liu
- Department of Pediatrics, Xiangya Hospital Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Yu
- Department of Pediatrics, Xiangya Hospital Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, People's Republic of China
| | - Liangchun Yang
- Department of Pediatrics, Xiangya Hospital Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, People's Republic of China.
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15
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Jagomäe T, Singh K, Philips MA, Jayaram M, Seppa K, Tekko T, Gilbert SF, Vasar E, Lilleväli K. Alternative Promoter Use Governs the Expression of IgLON Cell Adhesion Molecules in Histogenetic Fields of the Embryonic Mouse Brain. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:6955. [PMID: 34203377 PMCID: PMC8268470 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22136955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Revised: 06/19/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The members of the IgLON superfamily of cell adhesion molecules facilitate fundamental cellular communication during brain development, maintain functional brain circuitry, and are associated with several neuropsychiatric disorders such as depression, autism, schizophrenia, and intellectual disabilities. Usage of alternative promoter-specific 1a and 1b mRNA isoforms in Lsamp, Opcml, Ntm, and the single promoter of Negr1 in the mouse and human brain has been previously described. To determine the precise spatiotemporal expression dynamics of Lsamp, Opcml, Ntm isoforms, and Negr1, in the developing brain, we generated isoform-specific RNA probes and carried out in situ hybridization in the developing (embryonic, E10.5, E11.5, 13.5, 17; postnatal, P0) and adult mouse brains. We show that promoter-specific expression of IgLONs is established early during pallial development (at E10.5), where it remains throughout its differentiation through adulthood. In the diencephalon, midbrain, and hindbrain, strong expression patterns are initiated a few days later and begin fading after birth, being only faintly expressed during adulthood. Thus, the expression of specific IgLONs in the developing brain may provide the means for regionally specific functionality as well as for specific regional vulnerabilities. The current study will therefore improve the understanding of how IgLON genes are implicated in the development of neuropsychiatric disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toomas Jagomäe
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, 19 Ravila Street, 50411 Tartu, Estonia; (T.J.); (M.-A.P.); (M.J.); (K.S.); (E.V.); (K.L.)
- Centre of Excellence in Genomics and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, 50090 Tartu, Estonia
- Laboratory Animal Centre, Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, 14B Ravila Street, 50411 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Katyayani Singh
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, 19 Ravila Street, 50411 Tartu, Estonia; (T.J.); (M.-A.P.); (M.J.); (K.S.); (E.V.); (K.L.)
- Centre of Excellence in Genomics and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, 50090 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Mari-Anne Philips
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, 19 Ravila Street, 50411 Tartu, Estonia; (T.J.); (M.-A.P.); (M.J.); (K.S.); (E.V.); (K.L.)
- Centre of Excellence in Genomics and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, 50090 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Mohan Jayaram
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, 19 Ravila Street, 50411 Tartu, Estonia; (T.J.); (M.-A.P.); (M.J.); (K.S.); (E.V.); (K.L.)
- Centre of Excellence in Genomics and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, 50090 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Kadri Seppa
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, 19 Ravila Street, 50411 Tartu, Estonia; (T.J.); (M.-A.P.); (M.J.); (K.S.); (E.V.); (K.L.)
- Centre of Excellence in Genomics and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, 50090 Tartu, Estonia
- Laboratory Animal Centre, Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, 14B Ravila Street, 50411 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Triin Tekko
- The Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência, Rua da Quinta Grande 6, 2780-156 Oeiras, Portugal;
| | - Scott F. Gilbert
- Department of Biology, Swarthmore College, Swarthmore, PA 19081, USA;
| | - Eero Vasar
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, 19 Ravila Street, 50411 Tartu, Estonia; (T.J.); (M.-A.P.); (M.J.); (K.S.); (E.V.); (K.L.)
- Centre of Excellence in Genomics and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, 50090 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Kersti Lilleväli
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, 19 Ravila Street, 50411 Tartu, Estonia; (T.J.); (M.-A.P.); (M.J.); (K.S.); (E.V.); (K.L.)
- Centre of Excellence in Genomics and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, 50090 Tartu, Estonia
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16
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Chang CY, Wu KL, Chang YY, Liu YW, Huang YC, Jian SF, Lin YS, Tsai PH, Hung JY, Tsai YM, Hsu YL. The Downregulation of LSAMP Expression Promotes Lung Cancer Progression and Is Associated with Poor Survival Prognosis. J Pers Med 2021; 11:jpm11060578. [PMID: 34202934 PMCID: PMC8234324 DOI: 10.3390/jpm11060578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2021] [Revised: 06/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer has been a leading cause of cancer-related death for decades and therapeutic strategies for non-driver mutation lung cancer are still lacking. A novel approach for this type of lung cancer is an emergent requirement. Here we find that loss of LSAMP (Limbic System Associated Membrane Protein), compared to other IgLON family of proteins NTM (Neurotrimin) and OPCML (OPioid-binding Cell adhesion MoLecule), exhibits the strongest prognostic and therapeutic significance in predicting lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) progression. Lower expression of LSAMP and NTM, but not OPCML, were found in tumor parts compared with normal parts in six LUAD patients, and this was validated by public datasets, Oncomine® and TCGA. The lower expression of LSAMP, but not NTM, was correlated to shorter overall survival. Two epigenetic regulations, including hypermethylation and miR-143-3p upregulation but not copy number variation, were associated with downregulation of LSAMP in LUAD patients. Pathway network analysis showed that NEGR1 (Neuronal Growth Regulator 1) was involved in the regulatory loop of LSAMP. The biologic functions by LSMAP knockdown in lung cancer cells revealed LSMAP was linked to cancer cell migration via epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) but not proliferation nor stemness of LUAD. Our result showed for the first time that LSAMP acts as a potential tumor suppressor in regulating lung cancer. A further deep investigation into the role of LSAMP in lung cancer tumorigenesis would provide therapeutic hope for such affected patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao-Yuan Chang
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan; (C.-Y.C.); (K.-L.W.); (Y.-C.H.); (S.-F.J.); (Y.-S.L.); (P.-H.T.); (J.-Y.H.); (Y.-L.H.)
- Department of Anatomy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Kuan-Li Wu
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan; (C.-Y.C.); (K.-L.W.); (Y.-C.H.); (S.-F.J.); (Y.-S.L.); (P.-H.T.); (J.-Y.H.); (Y.-L.H.)
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan;
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Yung-Yun Chang
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan;
- Division of General Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Wei Liu
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan;
| | - Yung-Chi Huang
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan; (C.-Y.C.); (K.-L.W.); (Y.-C.H.); (S.-F.J.); (Y.-S.L.); (P.-H.T.); (J.-Y.H.); (Y.-L.H.)
- Drug Development and Value Creation Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Fang Jian
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan; (C.-Y.C.); (K.-L.W.); (Y.-C.H.); (S.-F.J.); (Y.-S.L.); (P.-H.T.); (J.-Y.H.); (Y.-L.H.)
| | - Yi-Shiuan Lin
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan; (C.-Y.C.); (K.-L.W.); (Y.-C.H.); (S.-F.J.); (Y.-S.L.); (P.-H.T.); (J.-Y.H.); (Y.-L.H.)
| | - Pei-Hsun Tsai
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan; (C.-Y.C.); (K.-L.W.); (Y.-C.H.); (S.-F.J.); (Y.-S.L.); (P.-H.T.); (J.-Y.H.); (Y.-L.H.)
| | - Jen-Yu Hung
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan; (C.-Y.C.); (K.-L.W.); (Y.-C.H.); (S.-F.J.); (Y.-S.L.); (P.-H.T.); (J.-Y.H.); (Y.-L.H.)
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan;
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Drug Development and Value Creation Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Ming Tsai
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan; (C.-Y.C.); (K.-L.W.); (Y.-C.H.); (S.-F.J.); (Y.-S.L.); (P.-H.T.); (J.-Y.H.); (Y.-L.H.)
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan;
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Drug Development and Value Creation Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Correspondence:
| | - Ya-Ling Hsu
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan; (C.-Y.C.); (K.-L.W.); (Y.-C.H.); (S.-F.J.); (Y.-S.L.); (P.-H.T.); (J.-Y.H.); (Y.-L.H.)
- Drug Development and Value Creation Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
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17
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Isor A, O'Dea AT, Petroff JT, Skubic KN, Grady SF, Arnatt CK, McCulla RD. Synthesis of triphenylphosphonium dibenzothiophene S-oxide derivatives and their effect on cell cycle as photodeoxygenation-based cytotoxic agents. Bioorg Chem 2020; 105:104442. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2020.104442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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18
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Venkannagari H, Kasper JM, Misra A, Rush SA, Fan S, Lee H, Sun H, Seshadrinathan S, Machius M, Hommel JD, Rudenko G. Highly Conserved Molecular Features in IgLONs Contrast Their Distinct Structural and Biological Outcomes. J Mol Biol 2020; 432:5287-5303. [PMID: 32710982 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2020.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2020] [Revised: 07/17/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Neuronal growth regulator 1 (NEGR1) and neurotrimin (NTM) are abundant cell-surface proteins found in the brain and form part of the IgLON (Immunoglobulin LSAMP, OBCAM, Neurotrimin) family. In humans, NEGR1 is implicated in obesity and mental disorders, while NTM is linked to intelligence and cognitive function. IgLONs dimerize homophilically and heterophilically, and they are thought to shape synaptic connections and neural circuits by acting in trans (spanning cellular junctions) and/or in cis (at the same side of a junction). Here, we reveal homodimeric structures of NEGR1 and NTM. They assemble into V-shaped complexes via their Ig1 domains, and disruption of the Ig1-Ig1 interface abolishes dimerization in solution. A hydrophobic ridge from one Ig1 domain inserts into a hydrophobic pocket from the opposing Ig1 domain producing an interaction interface that is highly conserved among IgLONs but remarkably plastic structurally. Given the high degree of sequence conservation at the interaction interface, we tested whether different IgLONs could elicit the same biological effect in vivo. In a small-scale study administering different soluble IgLONs directly into the brain and monitoring feeding, only NEGR1 altered food intake significantly. Taking NEGR1 as a prototype, our studies thus indicate that while IgLONs share a conserved mode of interaction and are able to bind each other as homomers and heteromers, they are structurally plastic and can exert unique biological action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harikanth Venkannagari
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA; Sealy Center for Structural Biology and Molecular Biophysics, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - James M Kasper
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA; Center for Addiction Research, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Anurag Misra
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA; Sealy Center for Structural Biology and Molecular Biophysics, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Scott A Rush
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA; Sealy Center for Structural Biology and Molecular Biophysics, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Shanghua Fan
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA; Sealy Center for Structural Biology and Molecular Biophysics, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Hubert Lee
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA; Sealy Center for Structural Biology and Molecular Biophysics, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Hong Sun
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA; Center for Addiction Research, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Suchithra Seshadrinathan
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA; Sealy Center for Structural Biology and Molecular Biophysics, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Mischa Machius
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA; Sealy Center for Structural Biology and Molecular Biophysics, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Jonathan D Hommel
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA; Center for Addiction Research, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Gabby Rudenko
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA; Sealy Center for Structural Biology and Molecular Biophysics, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA; Center for Addiction Research, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA.
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19
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Boloc D, Rodríguez N, Torres T, García-Cerro S, Parellada M, Saiz-Ruiz J, Cuesta MJ, Bernardo M, Gassó P, Lafuente A, Mas S, Arnaiz JA. Identifying key transcription factors for pharmacogenetic studies of antipsychotics induced extrapyramidal symptoms. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2020; 237:2151-2159. [PMID: 32382784 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-020-05526-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2019] [Accepted: 04/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION We explore the transcription factors involved in the molecular mechanism of antipsychotic (AP)-induced acute extrapyramidalsymptoms (EPS) in order to identify new candidate genes for pharmacogenetic studies. METHODS Protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks previously created from three pharmacogenomic models (in vitro, animal, and peripheral blood inhumans) were used to, by means of several bioinformatic tools; identify key transcription factors (TFs) that regulate each network. Once the TFs wereidentified, SNPs disrupting the binding sites (TFBS) of these TFs in the genes of each network were selected for genotyping. Finally, SNP-basedassociations with EPS were analyzed in a sample of 356 psychiatric patients receiving AP. RESULTS Our analysis identified 33 TFs expressed in the striatum, and 125 SNPs disrupting TFBS in 50 genes of our initial networks. Two SNPs (rs938112,rs2987902) in two genes (LSMAP and ABL1) were significantly associated with AP induced EPS (p < 0.001). These SNPs disrupt TFBS regulated byPOU2F1. CONCLUSION Our results highlight the possible role of the disruption of TFBS by SNPs in the pharmacological response to AP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Boloc
- Department of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Teresa Torres
- Dept. Clinical Foundations, Pharmacology Unit, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Susana García-Cerro
- Dept. Clinical Foundations, Pharmacology Unit, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mara Parellada
- Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Department, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense, IiSGM, Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Carlos III Health Institute, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jeronimo Saiz-Ruiz
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Carlos III Health Institute, Madrid, Spain
- Hospital Ramon y Cajal, Universidad de Alcala, IRYCIS, Madrid, Spain
| | - Manuel J Cuesta
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Carlos III Health Institute, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Psychiatry, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra. Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain
| | - Miquel Bernardo
- Department of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Carlos III Health Institute, Madrid, Spain
- Barcelona Clínic Schizophrenia Unit, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Spain The August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Patricia Gassó
- Dept. Clinical Foundations, Pharmacology Unit, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Spain The August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Amalia Lafuente
- Dept. Clinical Foundations, Pharmacology Unit, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Carlos III Health Institute, Madrid, Spain
- Spain The August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sergi Mas
- Dept. Clinical Foundations, Pharmacology Unit, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Carlos III Health Institute, Madrid, Spain.
- Spain The August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Joan Albert Arnaiz
- Dept. Clinical Foundations, Pharmacology Unit, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
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20
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McGivney BA, Hernandez B, Katz LM, MacHugh DE, McGovern SP, Parnell AC, Wiencko HL, Hill EW. A genomic prediction model for racecourse starts in the Thoroughbred horse. Anim Genet 2019; 50:347-357. [PMID: 31257665 DOI: 10.1111/age.12798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Durability traits in Thoroughbred horses are heritable, economically valuable and may affect horse welfare. The aims of this study were to test the hypotheses that (i) durability traits are heritable and (ii) genetic data may be used to predict a horse's potential to have a racecourse start. Heritability for the phenotype 'number of 2- and 3-year-old starts' was estimated to be h m 2 = 0.11 ± 0.02 (n = 4499). A genome-wide association study identified SNP contributions to the trait. The neurotrimin (NTM), opioid-binding protein/cell adhesion molecule like (OPCML) and prolylcarboxypeptidase (PRCP) genes were identified as candidate genes associated with the trait. NTM functions in brain development and has been shown to have been selected during the domestication of the horse. PRCP is an established expression quantitative trait locus involved in the interaction between voluntary exercise and body composition in mice. We hypothesise that variation at these loci contributes to the motivation of the horse to exercise, which may influence its response to the demands of the training and racing environment. A random forest with mixed effects (RFME) model identified a set of SNPs that contributed to 24.7% of the heritable variation in the trait. In an independent validation set (n = 528 horses), the cohort with high genetic potential for a racecourse start had significantly fewer unraced horses (16% unraced) than did low (27% unraced) potential horses and had more favourable race outcomes among those that raced. Therefore, the information from SNPs included in the model may be used to predict horses with a greater chance of a racecourse start.
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Affiliation(s)
- B A McGivney
- Plusvital Ltd, The Highline, Dun Laoghaire Industrial Estate, Dun Laoghaire, Dublin, Ireland
| | - B Hernandez
- Prolego Scientific, Nova UCD, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, D04 V1W8, Ireland.,The Irish Longitudinal Study on Aging (TILDA), Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, D02 PN40, Ireland
| | - L M Katz
- UCD School of Veterinary Medicine, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, D04 V1W8, Ireland
| | - D E MacHugh
- UCD Conway Institute for Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, D04 V1W8, Ireland.,UCD School of Agriculture and Food Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, D04 V1W8, Ireland
| | - S P McGovern
- Plusvital Ltd, The Highline, Dun Laoghaire Industrial Estate, Dun Laoghaire, Dublin, Ireland
| | - A C Parnell
- Prolego Scientific, Nova UCD, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, D04 V1W8, Ireland.,School of Mathematics and Statistics, Insight Centre for Data Analytics, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, D04 V1W8, Ireland
| | - H L Wiencko
- Plusvital Ltd, The Highline, Dun Laoghaire Industrial Estate, Dun Laoghaire, Dublin, Ireland
| | - E W Hill
- Plusvital Ltd, The Highline, Dun Laoghaire Industrial Estate, Dun Laoghaire, Dublin, Ireland.,UCD School of Agriculture and Food Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, D04 V1W8, Ireland
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21
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Singh K, Jayaram M, Kaare M, Leidmaa E, Jagomäe T, Heinla I, Hickey MA, Kaasik A, Schäfer MK, Innos J, Lilleväli K, Philips MA, Vasar E. Neural cell adhesion molecule Negr1 deficiency in mouse results in structural brain endophenotypes and behavioral deviations related to psychiatric disorders. Sci Rep 2019; 9:5457. [PMID: 30932003 PMCID: PMC6443666 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-41991-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2019] [Accepted: 03/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuronal growth regulator 1 (NEGR1) belongs to the immunoglobulin (IgLON) superfamily of cell adhesion molecules involved in cortical layering. Recent functional and genomic studies implicate the role of NEGR1 in a wide spectrum of psychiatric disorders, such as major depression, schizophrenia and autism. Here, we investigated the impact of Negr1 deficiency on brain morphology, neuronal properties and social behavior of mice. In situ hybridization shows Negr1 expression in the brain nuclei which are central modulators of cortical-subcortical connectivity such as the island of Calleja and the reticular nucleus of thalamus. Brain morphological analysis revealed neuroanatomical abnormalities in Negr1−/− mice, including enlargement of ventricles and decrease in the volume of the whole brain, corpus callosum, globus pallidus and hippocampus. Furthermore, decreased number of parvalbumin-positive inhibitory interneurons was evident in Negr1−/− hippocampi. Behaviorally, Negr1−/− mice displayed hyperactivity in social interactions and impairments in social hierarchy. Finally, Negr1 deficiency resulted in disrupted neurite sprouting during neuritogenesis. Our results provide evidence that NEGR1 is required for balancing the ratio of excitatory/inhibitory neurons and proper formation of brain structures, which is prerequisite for adaptive behavioral profiles. Therefore, Negr1−/− mice have a high potential to provide new insights into the neural mechanisms of neuropsychiatric disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katyayani Singh
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, 19 Ravila Street, 50411, Tartu, Estonia. .,Centre of Excellence in Genomics and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, 19 Ravila Street, 50411, Tartu, Estonia.
| | - Mohan Jayaram
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, 19 Ravila Street, 50411, Tartu, Estonia.,Centre of Excellence in Genomics and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, 19 Ravila Street, 50411, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Maria Kaare
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, 19 Ravila Street, 50411, Tartu, Estonia.,Centre of Excellence in Genomics and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, 19 Ravila Street, 50411, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Este Leidmaa
- Institute of Molecular Psychiatry, University of Bonn, Sigmund-Freud-Str.25, 53127, Bonn, Germany
| | - Toomas Jagomäe
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, 19 Ravila Street, 50411, Tartu, Estonia.,Centre of Excellence in Genomics and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, 19 Ravila Street, 50411, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Indrek Heinla
- Department of Psychology, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Postboks 6050 Langnes, 9037, Tromso, Norway
| | - Miriam A Hickey
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, 19 Ravila Street, 50411, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Allen Kaasik
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, 19 Ravila Street, 50411, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Michael K Schäfer
- Department for Anesthesiology, University Medical Center and Focus Program Translational Neuroscience (FTN), Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Jürgen Innos
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, 19 Ravila Street, 50411, Tartu, Estonia.,Centre of Excellence in Genomics and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, 19 Ravila Street, 50411, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Kersti Lilleväli
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, 19 Ravila Street, 50411, Tartu, Estonia.,Centre of Excellence in Genomics and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, 19 Ravila Street, 50411, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Mari-Anne Philips
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, 19 Ravila Street, 50411, Tartu, Estonia.,Centre of Excellence in Genomics and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, 19 Ravila Street, 50411, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Eero Vasar
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, 19 Ravila Street, 50411, Tartu, Estonia.,Centre of Excellence in Genomics and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, 19 Ravila Street, 50411, Tartu, Estonia
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22
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Kubick N, Brösamle D, Mickael ME. Molecular Evolution and Functional Divergence of the IgLON Family. Evol Bioinform Online 2018; 14:1176934318775081. [PMID: 29844654 PMCID: PMC5967153 DOI: 10.1177/1176934318775081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2018] [Accepted: 04/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
IgLON family is a subgroup of cell adhesion molecules which is known to have diverse roles in neuronal development. IgLONs are characterized by possessing 3 Ig-like C2 domains, which play a part in mediating various cellular interactions. Recently, IgLONs have been shown to be expressed at the blood-brain barrier (BBB). However, our understanding of the genetic divergence patterns and evolutionary rates of these proteins in relation to their functions, in general, and at the BBB, in particular, remains inadequate. In this study, 12 species were explored to shed more light on the phylogenetic origins, structure, functional specificity, and divergence of this family. A total of 40 IgLON genes were identified from vertebrates and invertebrates. The absence of IgLON family genes in Hydra vulgaris and Nematostella vectensis but not in Drosophila melanogaster suggests that this family appeared during the time of divergence of Arthropoda 455 Mya. In general, IgLON genes have been subject to strong positive selection in vertebrates. Our study, based on IgLONs’ structural similarity, suggests that they may play a role in the evolutionary changes in the brain anatomy towards complexity including regulating neural growth and BBB permeability. IgLONs’ functions seem to be performed through complex interactions on the level of motifs as well as single residues. We identified several IgLON motifs that could be influencing cellular migration and proliferation as well as BBB integrity through interactions with SH3 or integrin. Our motif analysis also revealed that NEGR1 might be involved in MAPK pathway as a form of a signal transmitting receptor through its motif (KKVRVVVNF). We found several residues that were both positively selected and with highly functional specificity. We also located functional divergent residues that could act as drug targets to regulate BBB permeability. Furthermore, we identified several putative metalloproteinase cleavage sites that support the ectodomain shedding hypothesis of the IgLONs. In conclusion, our results present a bridge between IgLONs’ molecular evolution and their functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norwin Kubick
- Institute of Biochemistry, Molecular Cell Biology, University Clinic Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Desiree Brösamle
- Institute of Medical Systems Biology, Center for Molecular Neurobiology Hamburg, University Clinic Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Michel-Edwar Mickael
- Institute of Medical Systems Biology, Center for Molecular Neurobiology Hamburg, University Clinic Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
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23
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Singh K, Lilleväli K, Gilbert SF, Bregin A, Narvik J, Jayaram M, Rahi M, Innos J, Kaasik A, Vasar E, Philips MA. The combined impact of IgLON family proteins Lsamp and Neurotrimin on developing neurons and behavioral profiles in mouse. Brain Res Bull 2018; 140:5-18. [PMID: 29605488 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2018.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2017] [Revised: 02/26/2018] [Accepted: 03/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Cell surface neural adhesion proteins are critical components in the complex orchestration of cell proliferation, apoptosis, and neuritogenesis essential for proper brain construction and behavior. We focused on the impact of two plasticity-associated IgLON family neural adhesion molecules, Neurotrimin (Ntm) and Limbic system associated membrane protein (Lsamp), on mouse behavior and its underlying neural development. Phenotyping neurons derived from the hippocampi of Lsamp-/-, Ntm-/- and Lsamp-/-Ntm-/- mice was performed in parallel with behavioral testing. While the anatomy of mutant brains revealed no gross changes, the Ntm-/- hippocampal neurons exhibited premature sprouting of neurites and manifested accelerated neurite elongation and branching. We propose that Ntm exerts an inhibitory impact on neurite outgrowth, whereas Lsamp appears to be an enhancer of the said process as premature neuritogenesis in Ntm-/- neurons is apparent only in the presence of Lsamp. We also show interplay between Lsamp and Ntm in regulating tissue homeostasis: the impact of Ntm on cellular proliferation was dependent on Lsamp, and Lsamp appeared to be a positive regulator of apoptosis in the presence of Ntm. Behavioral phenotyping indicated test-specific interactions between Lsamp and Ntm. The phenotypes of single mutant lines, such as reduced swimming speed in Morris water maze and increased activity in the elevated plus maze, were magnified in Lsamp-/-Ntm-/- mice. Altogether, evidence both from behavioral experiments and cultured hippocampal cells show combined and differential interactions between Ntm and Lsamp in the formation of hippocampal circuits and behavioral profiles. We demonstrate that mutual interactions between IgLON molecules regulate the initiation of neurite sprouting at very early ages, and even cell-autonomously, independent of their regulation of cell-cell adhesion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katyayani Singh
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, 19 Ravila Street, 50411, Tartu, Estonia; Centre of Excellence in Genomics and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, 19 Ravila Street, 50411, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Kersti Lilleväli
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, 19 Ravila Street, 50411, Tartu, Estonia; Centre of Excellence in Genomics and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, 19 Ravila Street, 50411, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Scott F Gilbert
- Department of Biology, Swarthmore College, Swarthmore, PA, USA
| | - Aleksandr Bregin
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, 19 Ravila Street, 50411, Tartu, Estonia; Centre of Excellence in Genomics and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, 19 Ravila Street, 50411, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Jane Narvik
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, 19 Ravila Street, 50411, Tartu, Estonia; Centre of Excellence in Genomics and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, 19 Ravila Street, 50411, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Mohan Jayaram
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, 19 Ravila Street, 50411, Tartu, Estonia; Centre of Excellence in Genomics and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, 19 Ravila Street, 50411, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Märt Rahi
- Institute of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Estonian University of Life Sciences, Fr.R. Kreutzwaldi 5, 51014, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Jürgen Innos
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, 19 Ravila Street, 50411, Tartu, Estonia; Centre of Excellence in Genomics and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, 19 Ravila Street, 50411, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Allen Kaasik
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, 19 Ravila Street, 50411, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Eero Vasar
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, 19 Ravila Street, 50411, Tartu, Estonia; Centre of Excellence in Genomics and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, 19 Ravila Street, 50411, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Mari-Anne Philips
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, 19 Ravila Street, 50411, Tartu, Estonia; Centre of Excellence in Genomics and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, 19 Ravila Street, 50411, Tartu, Estonia.
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24
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Karis K, Eskla KL, Kaare M, Täht K, Tuusov J, Visnapuu T, Innos J, Jayaram M, Timmusk T, Weickert CS, Väli M, Vasar E, Philips MA. Altered Expression Profile of IgLON Family of Neural Cell Adhesion Molecules in the Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex of Schizophrenic Patients. Front Mol Neurosci 2018; 11:8. [PMID: 29434535 PMCID: PMC5797424 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2018.00008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2017] [Accepted: 01/08/2018] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Neural adhesion proteins are crucial in the development and maintenance of functional neural connectivity. Growing evidence suggests that the IgLON family of neural adhesion molecules LSAMP, NTM, NEGR1, and OPCML are important candidates in forming the susceptibility to schizophrenia (SCZ). IgLON proteins have been shown to be involved in neurite outgrowth, synaptic plasticity and neuronal connectivity, all of which have been shown to be altered in the brains of patients with the diagnosis of schizophrenia. Here we optimized custom 5'-isoform-specific TaqMan gene-expression analysis for the transcripts of human IgLON genes to study the expression of IgLONs in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) of schizophrenic patients (n = 36) and control subjects (n = 36). Uniform 5'-region and a single promoter was confirmed for the human NEGR1 gene by in silico analysis. IgLON5, a recently described family member, was also included in the study. We detected significantly elevated levels of the NEGR1 transcript (1.33-fold increase) and the NTM 1b isoform transcript (1.47-fold increase) in the DLPFC of schizophrenia patients compared to healthy controls. Consequent protein analysis performed in male subjects confirmed the increase in NEGR1 protein content both in patients with the paranoid subtype and in patients with other subtypes. In-group analysis of patients revealed that lower expression of certain IgLON transcripts, mostly LSAMP 1a and 1b, could be related with concurrent depressive endophenotype in schizophrenic patients. Additionally, our study cohort provides further evidence that cannabis use may be a relevant risk factor associated with suicidal behaviors in psychotic patients. In conclusion, we provide clinical evidence of increased expression levels of particular IgLON family members in the DLPFC of schizophrenic patients. We propose that alterations in the expression profile of IgLON neural adhesion molecules are associated with brain circuit disorganization in neuropsychiatric disorders, such as schizophrenia. In the light of previously published data, we suggest that increased level of NEGR1 in the frontal cortex may serve as molecular marker for a wider spectrum of psychiatric conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karina Karis
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia.,Centre of Excellence for Genomics and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Kattri-Liis Eskla
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia.,Centre of Excellence for Genomics and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Maria Kaare
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia.,Centre of Excellence for Genomics and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Karin Täht
- Institute of Psychology, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Jana Tuusov
- Department of Pathological Anatomy and Forensic Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia.,Estonian Forensic Science Institute, Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Tanel Visnapuu
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia.,Centre of Excellence for Genomics and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Jürgen Innos
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia.,Centre of Excellence for Genomics and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Mohan Jayaram
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia.,Centre of Excellence for Genomics and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Tõnis Timmusk
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Tallinn University of Technology, Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Cynthia S Weickert
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Schizophrenia Research Institute, Neuroscience Research Australia, Randwick, NSW, Australia
| | - Marika Väli
- Department of Pathological Anatomy and Forensic Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia.,Estonian Forensic Science Institute, Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Eero Vasar
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia.,Centre of Excellence for Genomics and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Mari-Anne Philips
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia.,Centre of Excellence for Genomics and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
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