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Chourrout M, Sandt C, Weitkamp T, Dučić T, Meyronet D, Baron T, Klohs J, Rama N, Boutin H, Singh S, Olivier C, Wiart M, Brun E, Bohic S, Chauveau F. Virtual histology of Alzheimer's disease: Biometal entrapment within amyloid-β plaques allows for detection via X-ray phase-contrast imaging. Acta Biomater 2023; 170:260-272. [PMID: 37574159 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2023.07.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
Amyloid-β (Aβ) plaques from Alzheimer's Disease (AD) can be visualized ex vivo in label-free brain samples using synchrotron X-ray phase-contrast tomography (XPCT). However, for XPCT to be useful as a screening method for amyloid pathology, it is essential to understand which factors drive the detection of Aβ plaques. The current study was designed to test the hypothesis that Aβ-related contrast in XPCT could be caused by Aβ fibrils and/or by metals trapped in the plaques. Fibrillar and elemental compositions of Aβ plaques were probed in brain samples from different types of AD patients and AD models to establish a relationship between XPCT contrast and Aβ plaque characteristics. XPCT, micro-Fourier-Transform Infrared spectroscopy and micro-X-Ray Fluorescence spectroscopy were conducted on human samples (one genetic and one sporadic case) and on four transgenic rodent strains (mouse: APPPS1, ArcAβ, J20; rat: TgF344). Aβ plaques from the genetic AD patient were visible using XPCT, and had higher β-sheet content and higher metal levels than those from the sporadic AD patient, which remained undetected by XPCT. Aβ plaques in J20 mice and TgF344 rats appeared hyperdense on XPCT images, while they were hypodense with a hyperdense core in the case of APPPS1 and ArcAβ mice. In all four transgenic strains, β-sheet content was similar, while metal levels were highly variable: J20 (zinc and iron) and TgF344 (copper) strains showed greater metal accumulation than APPPS1 and ArcAβ mice. Hence, a hyperdense contrast formation of Aβ plaques in XPCT images was associated with biometal entrapment within plaques. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: The role of metals in Alzheimer's disease (AD) has been a subject of continuous interest. It was already known that amyloid-β plaques (Aβ), the earliest hallmark of AD, tend to trap endogenous biometals like zinc, iron and copper. Here we show that this metal accumulation is the main reason why Aβ plaques are detected with a new technique called X-ray phase contrast tomography (XPCT). XPCT enables to map the distribution of Aβ plaques in the whole excised brain without labeling. In this work we describe a unique collection of four transgenic models of AD, together with a human sporadic and a rare genetic case of AD, thus exploring the full spectrum of amyloid contrast in XPCT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthieu Chourrout
- Univ. Lyon, Lyon Neuroscience Research Center (CRNL); CNRS UMR5292; INSERM U1028, Univ. Lyon 1, Lyon, France
| | | | | | - Tanja Dučić
- ALBA-CELLS Synchrotron, MIRAS Beamline, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
| | - David Meyronet
- Hospices Civils de Lyon, Neuropathology Department, Lyon, France; Univ. Lyon, Cancer Research Center of Lyon (CRCL); INSERM U1052; CNRS UMR5286, Univ. Lyon 1; Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France
| | | | - Jan Klohs
- ETH Zurich, Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Nicolas Rama
- Univ. Lyon, Cancer Research Center of Lyon (CRCL); INSERM U1052; CNRS UMR5286, Univ. Lyon 1; Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France
| | - Hervé Boutin
- Univ. Manchester, Faculty of Biology Medicine and Health, Wolfson Molecular Imaging Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Shifali Singh
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Synchrotron Radiation for Biomedicine (STROBE); Inserm UA7, Grenoble, France
| | - Cécile Olivier
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Synchrotron Radiation for Biomedicine (STROBE); Inserm UA7, Grenoble, France
| | - Marlène Wiart
- Univ. Lyon, CarMeN Laboratory; INSERM U1060, INRA U1397, INSA Lyon, Univ. Lyon 1, Lyon, France; CNRS, France
| | - Emmanuel Brun
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Synchrotron Radiation for Biomedicine (STROBE); Inserm UA7, Grenoble, France
| | - Sylvain Bohic
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Synchrotron Radiation for Biomedicine (STROBE); Inserm UA7, Grenoble, France
| | - Fabien Chauveau
- Univ. Lyon, Lyon Neuroscience Research Center (CRNL); CNRS UMR5292; INSERM U1028, Univ. Lyon 1, Lyon, France; CNRS, France.
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Polikarpov M, Vila-Comamala J, Wang Z, Pereira A, van Gogh S, Gasser C, Jefimovs K, Romano L, Varga Z, Lång K, Schmeltz M, Tessarini S, Rawlik M, Jermann E, Lewis S, Yun W, Stampanoni M. Towards virtual histology with X-ray grating interferometry. Sci Rep 2023; 13:9049. [PMID: 37270642 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-35854-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most common type of cancer worldwide. Diagnosing breast cancer relies on clinical examination, imaging and biopsy. A core-needle biopsy enables a morphological and biochemical characterization of the cancer and is considered the gold standard for breast cancer diagnosis. A histopathological examination uses high-resolution microscopes with outstanding contrast in the 2D plane, but the spatial resolution in the third, Z-direction, is reduced. In the present paper, we propose two high-resolution table-top systems for phase-contrast X-ray tomography of soft-tissue samples. The first system implements a classical Talbot-Lau interferometer and allows to perform ex-vivo imaging of human breast samples with a voxel size of 5.57 μm. The second system with a comparable voxel size relies on a Sigray MAAST X-ray source with structured anode. For the first time, we demonstrate the applicability of the latter to perform X-ray imaging of human breast specimens with ductal carcinoma in-situ. We assessed image quality of both setups and compared it to histology. We showed that both setups made it possible to target internal features of breast specimens with better resolution and contrast than previously achieved, demonstrating that grating-based phase-contrast X-ray CT could be a complementary tool for clinical histopathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Polikarpov
- Swiss Light Source, Paul Scherrer Institut, 5232, Villigen-PSI, Switzerland.
- Institute for Biomedical Engineering, ETH Zurich, 8092, Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - J Vila-Comamala
- Swiss Light Source, Paul Scherrer Institut, 5232, Villigen-PSI, Switzerland
| | - Z Wang
- Swiss Light Source, Paul Scherrer Institut, 5232, Villigen-PSI, Switzerland
- Institute for Biomedical Engineering, ETH Zurich, 8092, Zurich, Switzerland
- Department of Engineering Physics, Tsinghua University, Haidian District, Beijing, 100080, China
| | - A Pereira
- Swiss Light Source, Paul Scherrer Institut, 5232, Villigen-PSI, Switzerland
- Institute for Biomedical Engineering, ETH Zurich, 8092, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - S van Gogh
- Swiss Light Source, Paul Scherrer Institut, 5232, Villigen-PSI, Switzerland
- Institute for Biomedical Engineering, ETH Zurich, 8092, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - C Gasser
- Institute for Biomedical Engineering, ETH Zurich, 8092, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - K Jefimovs
- Swiss Light Source, Paul Scherrer Institut, 5232, Villigen-PSI, Switzerland
| | - L Romano
- Swiss Light Source, Paul Scherrer Institut, 5232, Villigen-PSI, Switzerland
- Institute for Biomedical Engineering, ETH Zurich, 8092, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Z Varga
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Pathology, University Hospital Zürich, 8091, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - K Lång
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Translational Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
- Unilabs Mammography Unit, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | - M Schmeltz
- Swiss Light Source, Paul Scherrer Institut, 5232, Villigen-PSI, Switzerland
| | - S Tessarini
- Swiss Light Source, Paul Scherrer Institut, 5232, Villigen-PSI, Switzerland
- Institute for Biomedical Engineering, ETH Zurich, 8092, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - M Rawlik
- Swiss Light Source, Paul Scherrer Institut, 5232, Villigen-PSI, Switzerland
- Institute for Biomedical Engineering, ETH Zurich, 8092, Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | - S Lewis
- Sigray Inc., Concord, CA, 94520, USA
| | - W Yun
- Sigray Inc., Concord, CA, 94520, USA
| | - M Stampanoni
- Swiss Light Source, Paul Scherrer Institut, 5232, Villigen-PSI, Switzerland
- Institute for Biomedical Engineering, ETH Zurich, 8092, Zurich, Switzerland
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3
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Kolokotroni A, Gkikopoulou E, Rinotas V, Douni E. Phosphotungstic acid-enhanced microcomputed tomography for quantitative visualization of mouse mammary gland morphology. J Med Imaging (Bellingham) 2023; 10:S22402. [PMID: 36825256 PMCID: PMC9941684 DOI: 10.1117/1.jmi.10.s2.s22402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Even though current techniques provide two-dimensional (2D) imaging of the mouse mammary gland, they fail to achieve high-resolution three-dimensional (3D) reconstruction and quantification. The objective of this study is to establish and evaluate quantitative visualization of the mouse mammary epithelium through microcomputed tomography (microCT) using phosphotungstic acid (PTA) as a contrast agent. Approach Ex vivo microCT scan images of the mouse mammary glands were obtained following staining by PTA, whereas for quantification we adapted volumetric parameters that are used for assessing trabecular bone morphometry and can be structurally applicable in the mammary ductal system. The proposed method was validated in distinct developmental stages and upon short-term treatment with synthetic progesterone, using the carmine alum staining for comparison. Results We demonstrate a simple PTA staining procedure that allows high contrast 3D imaging of mammary glands and quantitation of mammary duct structures using microCT. We validated the proposed method in distinct developmental stages, such as at puberty, adult mice, pregnancy as well as upon progesterone treatment. Compared with carmine alum staining, the microCT analysis provided higher resolution 2D and 3D images of the mammary gland morphology, with lower background that enabled the detection of subtle changes. Conclusions This work is the first study that employs PTA-enhanced microCT for 3D imaging and volumetric analysis of mouse mammary glands. Our results establish PTA-enhanced microCT as a useful tool for comparative studies of the mouse mammary gland morphology that can apply in mutant mice and for the preclinical evaluation of pharmaceuticals in breast cancer models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthi Kolokotroni
- Agricultural University of Athens, Department of Biotechnology, Laboratory of Genetics, Athens, Greece
- Biomedical Sciences Research Center “Alexander Fleming,” Institute for Bioinnovation, Vari, Greece
| | - Evi Gkikopoulou
- Agricultural University of Athens, Department of Biotechnology, Laboratory of Genetics, Athens, Greece
- Biomedical Sciences Research Center “Alexander Fleming,” Institute for Bioinnovation, Vari, Greece
| | - Vagelis Rinotas
- Biomedical Sciences Research Center “Alexander Fleming,” Institute for Bioinnovation, Vari, Greece
| | - Eleni Douni
- Agricultural University of Athens, Department of Biotechnology, Laboratory of Genetics, Athens, Greece
- Biomedical Sciences Research Center “Alexander Fleming,” Institute for Bioinnovation, Vari, Greece
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Pil-Ali A, Adnani S, Scott CC, Karim KS. Direct Conversion X-ray Detector with Micron-Scale Pixel Pitch for Edge-Illumination and Propagation-Based X-ray Phase-Contrast Imaging. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 22:5890. [PMID: 35957449 PMCID: PMC9371434 DOI: 10.3390/s22155890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
In this work, we investigate the potential of employing a direct conversion integration mode X-ray detector with micron-scale pixels in two different X-ray phase-contrast imaging (XPCi) configurations, propagation-based (PB) and edge illumination (EI). Both PB-XPCi and EI-XPCi implementations are evaluated through a wave optics model-numerically simulated in MATLAB-and are compared based on their contrast, edge-enhancement, visibility, and dose efficiency characteristics. The EI-XPCi configuration, in general, demonstrates higher performance compared to PB-XPCi, considering a setup with the same X-ray source and detector. However, absorption masks quality (thickness of X-ray absorption material) and environmental vibration effect are two potential challenges for EI-XPCi employing a detector with micron-scale pixels. Simulation results confirm that the behavior of an EI-XPCi system employing a high-resolution detector is susceptible to its absorption masks thickness and misalignment. This work demonstrates the potential and feasibility of employing a high-resolution direct conversion detector for phase-contrast imaging applications where higher dose efficiency, higher contrast images, and a more compact imaging system are of interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdollah Pil-Ali
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Waterloo, 200 University Ave W, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada
- Centre for Bioengineering and Biotechnology, University of Waterloo, 200 University Ave W, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Sahar Adnani
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Waterloo, 200 University Ave W, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada
- Centre for Bioengineering and Biotechnology, University of Waterloo, 200 University Ave W, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada
| | | | - Karim S. Karim
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Waterloo, 200 University Ave W, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada
- Centre for Bioengineering and Biotechnology, University of Waterloo, 200 University Ave W, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada
- KA Imaging, 560 Parkside Dr #3, Waterloo, ON N2L 5Z4, Canada
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Cepeda E, Narváez K. Molecular Photoacoustic Imaging. BIONATURA 2021. [DOI: 10.21931/rb/2021.06.04.34] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Medicine has gone through several challenges to make it much more accurate and thus prolong the human being's life. A large part of this challenge is diseased, so early detection can help carry out treatment on time. There is a technology that allows detecting an abnormality within the body without using an invasive method. Ultrasound is a diagnostic test used to scan organs and tissues through sound waves. Although this technique has been widely used, the results are not desired because the images generated are not high resolution.
On the other hand, X-rays are used because it presents an image with a much higher resolution than other techniques based on light waves or ultrasound; despite this, they are harmful to cells. In consequence of this problem, another method called molecular photoacoustic imaging has been implemented. This technique bridges the traditional depth limits of ballistic optical imaging and diffuse optical imaging's resolution limits, using the acoustic waves generated in response to laser light absorption, which has now shown potential for molecular imaging, allowing the visualization of biological processes in a non-invasive way. The purpose of this article is to give a critically scoped review of the physical, chemical, and biochemical characteristics of existing photoacoustic contrast agents, highlighting the pivotal applications and current challenges for molecular photoacoustic imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo Cepeda
- School of Biological Sciences and Engineering, Yachay Tech University, Urcuquí 100650, Ecuador
| | - Katherine Narváez
- School of Biological Sciences and Engineering, Yachay Tech University, Urcuquí 100650, Ecuador
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Romano M, Bravin A, Mittone A, Eckhardt A, Barbone GE, Sancey L, Dinkel J, Bartzsch S, Ricke J, Alunni-Fabbroni M, Hirner-Eppeneder H, Karpov D, Giannini C, Bunk O, Bouchet A, Ruf V, Giese A, Coan P. A Multi-Scale and Multi-Technique Approach for the Characterization of the Effects of Spatially Fractionated X-ray Radiation Therapies in a Preclinical Model. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13194953. [PMID: 34638437 PMCID: PMC8507698 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13194953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Revised: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to use a multi-technique approach to detect the effects of spatially fractionated X-ray Microbeam (MRT) and Minibeam Radiation Therapy (MB) and to compare them to seamless Broad Beam (BB) irradiation. Healthy- and Glioblastoma (GBM)-bearing male Fischer rats were irradiated in-vivo on the right brain hemisphere with MRT, MB and BB delivering three different doses for each irradiation geometry. Brains were analyzed post mortem by multi-scale X-ray Phase Contrast Imaging-Computed Tomography (XPCI-CT), histology, immunohistochemistry, X-ray Fluorescence (XRF), Small- and Wide-Angle X-ray Scattering (SAXS/WAXS). XPCI-CT discriminates with high sensitivity the effects of MRT, MB and BB irradiations on both healthy and GBM-bearing brains producing a first-time 3D visualization and morphological analysis of the radio-induced lesions, MRT and MB induced tissue ablations, the presence of hyperdense deposits within specific areas of the brain and tumor evolution or regression with respect to the evaluation made few days post-irradiation with an in-vivo magnetic resonance imaging session. Histology, immunohistochemistry, SAXS/WAXS and XRF allowed identification and classification of these deposits as hydroxyapatite crystals with the coexistence of Ca, P and Fe mineralization, and the multi-technique approach enabled the realization, for the first time, of the map of the differential radiosensitivity of the different brain areas treated with MRT and MB. 3D XPCI-CT datasets enabled also the quantification of tumor volumes and Ca/Fe deposits and their full-organ visualization. The multi-scale and multi-technique approach enabled a detailed visualization and classification in 3D of the radio-induced effects on brain tissues bringing new essential information towards the clinical implementation of the MRT and MB radiation therapy techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariele Romano
- Department of Medical Physics, Faculty of Physics, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Am Coulombwall 1, München, 85748 Garching, Germany; (M.R.); (A.E.); (G.E.B.)
| | - Alberto Bravin
- European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, 38000 Grenoble, France; (A.B.); (A.M.); (D.K.)
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Physics, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milan, Italy
| | - Alberto Mittone
- European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, 38000 Grenoble, France; (A.B.); (A.M.); (D.K.)
- CELLS-ALBA Synchrotron, 08290 Cerdanyola del Valles, Spain
| | - Alicia Eckhardt
- Department of Medical Physics, Faculty of Physics, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Am Coulombwall 1, München, 85748 Garching, Germany; (M.R.); (A.E.); (G.E.B.)
| | - Giacomo E. Barbone
- Department of Medical Physics, Faculty of Physics, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Am Coulombwall 1, München, 85748 Garching, Germany; (M.R.); (A.E.); (G.E.B.)
- Department of Radiology, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, 81377 Munich, Germany; (J.D.); (J.R.); (M.A.-F.); (H.H.-E.)
| | - Lucie Sancey
- Centre de Recherche UGA/INSERM U1209/CNRS UMR5309, Institute for Advanced Biosciences, 38700 La Tronche, France;
| | - Julien Dinkel
- Department of Radiology, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, 81377 Munich, Germany; (J.D.); (J.R.); (M.A.-F.); (H.H.-E.)
| | - Stefan Bartzsch
- Department of Radiation Oncology, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, 81675 Munich, Germany;
- Department of Radiation Sciences (DRS), Institute of Radiation Medicine (IRM), Helmholtz Zentrum München, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Jens Ricke
- Department of Radiology, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, 81377 Munich, Germany; (J.D.); (J.R.); (M.A.-F.); (H.H.-E.)
| | - Marianna Alunni-Fabbroni
- Department of Radiology, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, 81377 Munich, Germany; (J.D.); (J.R.); (M.A.-F.); (H.H.-E.)
| | - Heidrun Hirner-Eppeneder
- Department of Radiology, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, 81377 Munich, Germany; (J.D.); (J.R.); (M.A.-F.); (H.H.-E.)
| | - Dmitry Karpov
- European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, 38000 Grenoble, France; (A.B.); (A.M.); (D.K.)
- Swiss Light Source, Paul Scherrer Institute, 5232 Villigen, Switzerland;
| | - Cinzia Giannini
- Institute of Crystallography, National Research Council, 70126 Bari, Italy;
| | - Oliver Bunk
- Swiss Light Source, Paul Scherrer Institute, 5232 Villigen, Switzerland;
| | - Audrey Bouchet
- Inserm U1296 Unit “Radiation: Defense, Health Environment”, 69008 Lyon, France;
| | - Viktoria Ruf
- Center for Neuropathology and Prion Research, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, 81377 Munich, Germany; (V.R.); (A.G.)
| | - Armin Giese
- Center for Neuropathology and Prion Research, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, 81377 Munich, Germany; (V.R.); (A.G.)
| | - Paola Coan
- Department of Medical Physics, Faculty of Physics, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Am Coulombwall 1, München, 85748 Garching, Germany; (M.R.); (A.E.); (G.E.B.)
- Department of Radiology, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, 81377 Munich, Germany; (J.D.); (J.R.); (M.A.-F.); (H.H.-E.)
- Correspondence:
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7
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Longo E, Sancey L, Cedola A, Barbier EL, Bravin A, Brun F, Bukreeva I, Fratini M, Massimi L, Greving I, Le Duc G, Tillement O, De La Rochefoucauld O, Zeitoun P. 3D Spatial Distribution of Nanoparticles in Mice Brain Metastases by X-ray Phase-Contrast Tomography. Front Oncol 2021; 11:554668. [PMID: 34113554 PMCID: PMC8185349 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.554668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2020] [Accepted: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Characterizing nanoparticles (NPs) distribution in multiple and complex metastases is of fundamental relevance for the development of radiological protocols based on NPs administration. In the literature, there have been advances in monitoring NPs in tissues. However, the lack of 3D information is still an issue. X-ray phase-contrast tomography (XPCT) is a 3D label-free, non-invasive and multi-scale approach allowing imaging anatomical details with high spatial and contrast resolutions. Here an XPCT qualitative study on NPs distribution in a mouse brain model of melanoma metastases injected with gadolinium-based NPs for theranostics is presented. For the first time, XPCT images show the NPs uptake at micrometer resolution over the full brain. Our results revealed a heterogeneous distribution of the NPs inside the melanoma metastases, bridging the gap in spatial resolution between magnetic resonance imaging and histology. Our findings demonstrated that XPCT is a reliable technique for NPs detection and can be considered as an emerging method for the study of NPs distribution in organs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Longo
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Hereon, Institute of Materials Physics, Geesthacht, Germany.,Laboratoire d'Optique Appliquée UMR7639, ENSTA-CNRS-Ecole Polytechnique IP Paris, Palaiseau, France
| | - Lucie Sancey
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences U1209 UMR5309 UGA, Allée des Alpes-Site Santé, La Tronche, France
| | | | - Emmanuel L Barbier
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Inserm, U1216, Grenoble Institut Neurosciences, GIN, Grenoble, France
| | - Alberto Bravin
- European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Grenoble, France
| | | | - Inna Bukreeva
- Institute of Nanotechnology-CNR, Rome-Unit, Rome, Italy.,P. N. Lebedev Physical Institute, RAS, Moscow, Russia
| | - Michela Fratini
- Institute of Nanotechnology-CNR, Rome-Unit, Rome, Italy.,IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Massimi
- Institute of Nanotechnology-CNR, Rome-Unit, Rome, Italy.,Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Imke Greving
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Hereon, Institute of Materials Physics, Geesthacht, Germany
| | | | - Olivier Tillement
- Institut lumière-matière, UMR5306, Université Claude Bernard Lyon1-CNRS, Université de Lyon, Villeurbanne, France
| | | | - Philippe Zeitoun
- Laboratoire d'Optique Appliquée UMR7639, ENSTA-CNRS-Ecole Polytechnique IP Paris, Palaiseau, France
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