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Fontes A, Jauch AT, Sailer J, Engler J, Azul AM, Zischka H. Metabolic Derangement of Essential Transition Metals and Potential Antioxidant Therapies. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:7880. [PMID: 39063122 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25147880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2024] [Revised: 07/08/2024] [Accepted: 07/13/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Essential transition metals have key roles in oxygen transport, neurotransmitter synthesis, nucleic acid repair, cellular structure maintenance and stability, oxidative phosphorylation, and metabolism. The balance between metal deficiency and excess is typically ensured by several extracellular and intracellular mechanisms involved in uptake, distribution, and excretion. However, provoked by either intrinsic or extrinsic factors, excess iron, zinc, copper, or manganese can lead to cellular damage upon chronic or acute exposure, frequently attributed to oxidative stress. Intracellularly, mitochondria are the organelles that require the tightest control concerning reactive oxygen species production, which inevitably leaves them to be one of the most vulnerable targets of metal toxicity. Current therapies to counteract metal overload are focused on chelators, which often cause secondary effects decreasing patients' quality of life. New therapeutic options based on synthetic or natural antioxidants have proven positive effects against metal intoxication. In this review, we briefly address the cellular metabolism of transition metals, consequences of their overload, and current therapies, followed by their potential role in inducing oxidative stress and remedies thereof.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Fontes
- Institute of Molecular Toxicology and Pharmacology, Helmholtz Center Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health, D-85764 Neuherberg, Germany
- CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
- CIBB-Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Adrian T Jauch
- School of Medicine and Health, Institute of Toxicology and Environmental Hygiene, Technical University Munich, D-80802 Munich, Germany
| | - Judith Sailer
- School of Medicine and Health, Institute of Toxicology and Environmental Hygiene, Technical University Munich, D-80802 Munich, Germany
| | - Jonas Engler
- School of Medicine and Health, Institute of Toxicology and Environmental Hygiene, Technical University Munich, D-80802 Munich, Germany
| | - Anabela Marisa Azul
- CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
- CIBB-Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
- IIIUC-Institute for Interdisciplinary Research, University of Coimbra, 3030-789 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Hans Zischka
- Institute of Molecular Toxicology and Pharmacology, Helmholtz Center Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health, D-85764 Neuherberg, Germany
- School of Medicine and Health, Institute of Toxicology and Environmental Hygiene, Technical University Munich, D-80802 Munich, Germany
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2
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Sorice C, Ianni A, Bennato F, Bellocci M, Pavone V, Grotta L, Chaves López C, Martino G. Zinc Supplementation Improves Texture, Oxidative Stability of Caciotta Cheese and Reduces Biogenic Amines Production. Animals (Basel) 2024; 14:1642. [PMID: 38891689 PMCID: PMC11170991 DOI: 10.3390/ani14111642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2024] [Revised: 05/23/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Zinc is essential for animals, playing a vital role in enzyme systems and various biochemical reactions. It is crucial to ensure a sufficient intake of zinc through the diet to maintain efficient homeostasis. Only few studies on zinc effect in cow lactating diet evaluated the effects on milk and cheese quality, with conflicting findings. 24 cows of the Friesian breed were divided into two groups (CTR: control and TRT: treated group). Cows were selected for age, body weight, parity and phase of lactations (mid lactation, 140-160 days). CTR diet contained 38 mg/kg of Zn and TRT diet was supplied with 120 mg/kg of complete feed for 60 days. The objective of current investigation was to evaluate the impact of a dietary Zinc Oxide (ZnO) integration of lactating Friesian cows on chemical composition, zinc content, fatty acid and proteic profile, ammine content, pH, aw, texture, and sensory profile of cheese and to improve the chemical-nutritional quality of milk and cheese. The results showed that ZnO supplementation reduced mesophilic aerobic bacteria and Presumptive Pseudomonas spp. growth, proteolysis, biogenic amines content, lipid oxidation, odour intensity and sour and increased hardness, gumminess, chewiness, elasticity of cheese. Biogenic amines are considered an important aspect of food safety. ZnO integration in cow diet could represent a promising strategy for improving the quality, the safety and shelf-life of caciotta cheese.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmela Sorice
- Department of BioScience and Technology for Food, Agriculture and Environment, University of Teramo, Via Renato Balzarini 1, 64100 Teramo, Italy; (C.S.); (F.B.); (V.P.); (L.G.); (C.C.L.); (G.M.)
| | - Andrea Ianni
- Department of BioScience and Technology for Food, Agriculture and Environment, University of Teramo, Via Renato Balzarini 1, 64100 Teramo, Italy; (C.S.); (F.B.); (V.P.); (L.G.); (C.C.L.); (G.M.)
| | - Francesca Bennato
- Department of BioScience and Technology for Food, Agriculture and Environment, University of Teramo, Via Renato Balzarini 1, 64100 Teramo, Italy; (C.S.); (F.B.); (V.P.); (L.G.); (C.C.L.); (G.M.)
| | - Mirella Bellocci
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell’Abruzzo e Molise “G. Caporale”, Campo Boario, 64100 Teramo, Italy;
| | - Valentina Pavone
- Department of BioScience and Technology for Food, Agriculture and Environment, University of Teramo, Via Renato Balzarini 1, 64100 Teramo, Italy; (C.S.); (F.B.); (V.P.); (L.G.); (C.C.L.); (G.M.)
| | - Lisa Grotta
- Department of BioScience and Technology for Food, Agriculture and Environment, University of Teramo, Via Renato Balzarini 1, 64100 Teramo, Italy; (C.S.); (F.B.); (V.P.); (L.G.); (C.C.L.); (G.M.)
| | - Clemencia Chaves López
- Department of BioScience and Technology for Food, Agriculture and Environment, University of Teramo, Via Renato Balzarini 1, 64100 Teramo, Italy; (C.S.); (F.B.); (V.P.); (L.G.); (C.C.L.); (G.M.)
| | - Giuseppe Martino
- Department of BioScience and Technology for Food, Agriculture and Environment, University of Teramo, Via Renato Balzarini 1, 64100 Teramo, Italy; (C.S.); (F.B.); (V.P.); (L.G.); (C.C.L.); (G.M.)
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Ma H, Xu W, Wang P, Ding Y, Zhou S. Adsorption of Cu (II) and Zn (II) in aqueous solution by modified bamboo charcoal. ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH 2024; 46:182. [PMID: 38695980 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-024-01959-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/17/2024]
Abstract
Due to the development of industries such as mining, smelting, industrial electroplating, tanning, and mechanical manufacturing, heavy metals were discharged into water bodies seriously affecting water quality. Bamboo charcoal, as an environmentally friendly new adsorbent material, in this paper, the virgin bamboo charcoal (denoted as WBC) was modified with different concentrations of KMnO4 and NaOH to obtain KMnO4-modified bamboo charcoal (KBC) and NaOH-modified bamboo charcoal (NBC) which was used to disposed of water bodies containing Cu2+ and Zn2+. The main conclusions were as following: The adsorption of Cu2+ by WBC, KBC and NBC was significantly affected by pH value, and the optimum pH was 5.0. Differently, the acidity and alkalinity of the solution doesn't effect the adsorption of Zn2+ seriousely. Meanwhile, surface diffusion and pore diffusion jointly determine the adsorption rate of Cu2+ and Zn2+. The test result of EDS showed that Mn-O groups formed on the surface of K6 (WBC treated by 0.06 mol/L KMnO4) can promote the adsorption of Cu2+ and Zn2+ at a great degree. The O content on N6(WBC treated by 6 mol/L NaOH) surface increased by 30.95% compared with WBC. It is speculated that the increase of carbonyl group on the surface of NBC is one of the reasons for the improvement of Cu2+ and Zn2+ adsorption capacity. Finally, the residual concentrations of Cu2+ and Zn2+ in wastewater are much lower than 0.5 mg/L and 1.0 mg/L, respectively. Thus it can be seen, KBC and NBC could be a promising adsorbent for heavy metals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiyan Ma
- College of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, People's Republic of China
| | - Wen Xu
- College of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, People's Republic of China
| | - Ping Wang
- College of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yi Ding
- College of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, People's Republic of China
| | - Sijie Zhou
- College of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, People's Republic of China
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Forma A, Grunwald A, Zembala P, Januszewski J, Brachet A, Zembala R, Świątek K, Baj J. Micronutrient Status and Breast Cancer: A Narrative Review. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4968. [PMID: 38732186 PMCID: PMC11084730 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25094968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2024] [Revised: 04/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is one of the most common cancers worldwide, at the same time being one of the most prevalent causes of women's death. Many factors such as alcohol, weight fluctuations, or hormonal replacement therapy can potentially contribute to breast cancer development and progression. Another important factor in breast cancer onset includes micronutrient status. In this narrative review, we analyzed 23 micronutrients and their possible influence on breast cancer onset and progression. Further, the aim of this study was to investigate the impact of micronutrient status on the prevention of breast cancer and its possible influence on various therapeutic pathways. We researched meta-analyses, systemic and narrative reviews, retrospective studies, as well as original studies on human and animal models. The results of these studies indicate a possible correlation between the different levels of micronutrients and a decreased risk of breast cancer as well as a better survival rate. However, further studies are necessary to establish adequate doses of supplementation of the chosen micronutrients and the exact mechanisms of micronutrient impact on breast cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alicja Forma
- Chair and Department of Forensic Medicine, Medical University of Lublin, Jaczewskiego 8b, 20-090 Lublin, Poland; (A.G.); (A.B.)
| | - Arkadiusz Grunwald
- Chair and Department of Forensic Medicine, Medical University of Lublin, Jaczewskiego 8b, 20-090 Lublin, Poland; (A.G.); (A.B.)
| | - Patryk Zembala
- Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1A, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Jacek Januszewski
- Department of Correct, Clinical and Imaging Anatomy, Chair of Fundamental Sciences, Medical University of Lublin, Jaczewskiego 4, 20-090 Lublin, Poland; (J.J.); (K.Ś.); (J.B.)
| | - Adam Brachet
- Chair and Department of Forensic Medicine, Medical University of Lublin, Jaczewskiego 8b, 20-090 Lublin, Poland; (A.G.); (A.B.)
| | - Roksana Zembala
- Faculty of Medicine, Cardinal Stefan Wyszynski University in Warsaw, Wóycickiego 1/3, 01-938 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Kamila Świątek
- Department of Correct, Clinical and Imaging Anatomy, Chair of Fundamental Sciences, Medical University of Lublin, Jaczewskiego 4, 20-090 Lublin, Poland; (J.J.); (K.Ś.); (J.B.)
| | - Jacek Baj
- Department of Correct, Clinical and Imaging Anatomy, Chair of Fundamental Sciences, Medical University of Lublin, Jaczewskiego 4, 20-090 Lublin, Poland; (J.J.); (K.Ś.); (J.B.)
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Smorodin E, Chuzmarov V, Veidebaum T. The Potential of Integrative Cancer Treatment Using Melatonin and the Challenge of Heterogeneity in Population-Based Studies: A Case Report of Colon Cancer and a Literature Review. Curr Oncol 2024; 31:1994-2023. [PMID: 38668052 PMCID: PMC11049198 DOI: 10.3390/curroncol31040149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2024] [Revised: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Melatonin is a multifunctional hormone regulator that maintains homeostasis through circadian rhythms, and desynchronization of these rhythms can lead to gastrointestinal disorders and increase the risk of cancer. Preliminary clinical studies have shown that exogenous melatonin alleviates the harmful effects of anticancer therapy and improves quality of life, but the results are still inconclusive due to the heterogeneity of the studies. A personalized approach to testing clinical parameters and response to integrative treatment with nontoxic and bioavailable melatonin in patient-centered N-of-1 studies deserves greater attention. This clinical case of colon cancer analyzes and discusses the tumor pathology, the adverse effects of chemotherapy, and the dynamics of markers of inflammation (NLR, LMR, and PLR ratios), tumors (CEA, CA 19-9, and PSA), and hemostasis (D-dimer and activated partial thromboplastin time). The patient took melatonin during and after chemotherapy, nutrients (zinc, selenium, vitamin D, green tea, and taxifolin), and aspirin after chemotherapy. The patient's PSA levels decreased during CT combined with melatonin (19 mg/day), and melatonin normalized inflammatory markers and alleviated symptoms of polyneuropathy but did not help with thrombocytopenia. The results are analyzed and discussed in the context of the literature on oncostatic and systemic effects, alleviating therapy-mediated adverse effects, association with survival, and N-of-1 studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eugeniy Smorodin
- Department of Chronic Diseases, National Institute for Health Development, Paldiski mnt 80, 10617 Tallinn, Estonia;
| | - Valentin Chuzmarov
- 2nd Surgery Department, General Surgery and Oncology Surgery Centre, North Estonia Medical Centre, J. Sütiste Str. 19, 13419 Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Toomas Veidebaum
- Department of Chronic Diseases, National Institute for Health Development, Paldiski mnt 80, 10617 Tallinn, Estonia;
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Hershfinkel M. Cross-talk between zinc and calcium regulates ion transport: A role for the zinc receptor, ZnR/GPR39. J Physiol 2024; 602:1579-1594. [PMID: 37462604 DOI: 10.1113/jp283834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 04/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Zinc is essential for many physiological functions, with a major role in digestive system, skin health, and learning and memory. On the cellular level, zinc is involved in cell proliferation and cell death. A selective zinc sensing receptor, ZnR/GPR39 is a Gq-coupled receptor that acts via the inositol trisphosphate pathway to release intracellular Ca2+. The ZnR/GPR39 serves as a mediator between extracellular changes in Zn2+ concentration and cellular Ca2+ signalling. This signalling pathway regulates ion transporters activity and thereby controls the formation of transepithelial gradients or neuronal membrane potential, which play a fundamental role in the physiological function of these tissues. This review focuses on the role of Ca2+ signalling, and specifically ZnR/GPR39, with respect to the regulation of the Na+/H+ exchanger, NHE1, and of the K+/Cl- cotransporters, KCC1-3, and also describes the physiological implications of this regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michal Hershfinkel
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology and the School of Brain Sciences and Cognition, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
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Bui HB, Inaba K. Structures, Mechanisms, and Physiological Functions of Zinc Transporters in Different Biological Kingdoms. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:3045. [PMID: 38474291 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25053045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Revised: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 03/03/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Zinc transporters take up/release zinc ions (Zn2+) across biological membranes and maintain intracellular and intra-organellar Zn2+ homeostasis. Since this process requires a series of conformational changes in the transporters, detailed information about the structures of different reaction intermediates is required for a comprehensive understanding of their Zn2+ transport mechanisms. Recently, various Zn2+ transport systems have been identified in bacteria, yeasts, plants, and humans. Based on structural analyses of human ZnT7, human ZnT8, and bacterial YiiP, we propose updated models explaining their mechanisms of action to ensure efficient Zn2+ transport. We place particular focus on the mechanistic roles of the histidine-rich loop shared by several zinc transporters, which facilitates Zn2+ recruitment to the transmembrane Zn2+-binding site. This review provides an extensive overview of the structures, mechanisms, and physiological functions of zinc transporters in different biological kingdoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Ba Bui
- Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
- Department of Molecular and Chemical Life Sciences, Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
- Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Kenji Inaba
- Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
- Department of Molecular and Chemical Life Sciences, Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
- Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
- Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology (CREST), Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development (AMED), Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 100-0004, Japan
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Kong FS, Ma CM. Dietary Zinc Intakes Are Associated With Skeletal Muscle Mass and Strength in Children and Adolescents: Zinc and Muscle in Children. Clin Pediatr (Phila) 2024; 63:313-317. [PMID: 37139808 DOI: 10.1177/00099228231171242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relationship between dietary zinc intakes and skeletal muscle mass and strength in children and adolescents. A retrospective study was conducted using data on United States adolescents aged 8 to 19 years. Data were extracted from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2011-2014 cycles. Subjects were divided into 3 groups based on the tertiles of dietary zinc intakes. The levels of appendicular skeletal muscle mass divided by weight (ASM/Wt, %) and grip in subjects with the highest tertile were higher than those in subjects with the middle and lowest tertiles (P < .05). Dietary zinc intakes were positively correlated with ASM/Wt (r = .221, P < .001) and grip (r = 0.169, P < .001). After a multivariate analysis, dietary zinc intakes were still significantly associated with ASM/Wt (β = 0.059, P < .001) and grip (β = 0.245, P < .001). The present study demonstrates that dietary zinc intakes were positively associated with skeletal muscle mass and strength in children and adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan-Shuo Kong
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Hospital of Qinhuangdao, Qinhuangdao, China
| | - Chun-Ming Ma
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Hospital of Qinhuangdao, Qinhuangdao, China
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Maity S, Modak MD, Tomar MS, Wasnik K, Gupta PS, Patra S, Pareek D, Singh M, Pandey M, Paik P. Facile cost-effective green synthesis of carbon dots: selective detection of biologically relevant metal ions and synergetic efficiency for treatment of cancer. Biomed Mater 2024; 19:025043. [PMID: 38364283 DOI: 10.1088/1748-605x/ad2a3c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/18/2024]
Abstract
A facile cost-effective green synthesis approach has been used to synthesize carbon-dot (CDs) from the Kernel part of theAzadirachta Indicaseeds and investigated their fluorescent and metal ions sensing capability and also used for the delivery of drugs. Metallic ions such as Ca2+, K+, Na+, Fe3+,and Zn2+which are biologically important for many reactions and are selectively detected through the novel CDs. The resultant dot size of CDs (∼4 nm) is useful to eliminate the 'Achilles heel' problems, which is associated with the Zn2+in the body and its detection is a very challenging task. It is found that the sensitivity of CDs for the detection of Zn2+can be regulated by using different solvents. These CDs can also be used as a sensing probe for the selective detection of Fe3+at a very low concentration of solution (∼5 μM). The synthesis method of CDs reported here is cost-effective, very fast and it is highly selective towards Fe3+and Zn2+. Due to the fast response capability of these CDs, logic gate operation is achieved and it provides a new understanding to construct potential next-generation molecular devices for the detection of different biomolecules with high selectivity. Additionally, these CDs are biocompatible against normal healthy cells, capable of loading small biomolecules and drugs due to their porous nature, and exhibited potential impact for breast cancer therapy. It is observed that a significant synergic therapeutic effect of CDs loaded with doxorubicin against breast cancer cells is very promising. Thus, the CDs reported herein in this work have been synthesized through a green synthesis approach and can be used as a molecular probe for the detection of metal ions as well as for drug delivery applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Somedutta Maity
- School of Engineering Sciences and Technology, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad 500 046, Telangana, India
| | - Monami Das Modak
- School of Engineering Sciences and Technology, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad 500 046, Telangana, India
| | - Munendra Singh Tomar
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, United States of America
| | - Kirti Wasnik
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU), Varanasi 221 005, UP, India
| | - Prem Shankar Gupta
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU), Varanasi 221 005, UP, India
| | - Sukanya Patra
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU), Varanasi 221 005, UP, India
| | - Divya Pareek
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU), Varanasi 221 005, UP, India
| | - Monika Singh
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU), Varanasi 221 005, UP, India
| | - Monica Pandey
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU), Varanasi 221 005, UP, India
| | - Pradip Paik
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU), Varanasi 221 005, UP, India
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Yokokawa H, Morita Y, Hamada I, Ohta Y, Fukui N, Makino N, Ohata E, Naito T. Demographic and clinical characteristics of patients with zinc deficiency: analysis of a nationwide Japanese medical claims database. Sci Rep 2024; 14:2791. [PMID: 38307882 PMCID: PMC10837122 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-53202-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Zinc deficiency, affecting more than 2 billion people globally, poses a significant public health burden due to its numerous unfavorable effects, such as impaired immune function, taste and smell disorders, pneumonia, growth retardation, visual impairment, and skin disorders. Despite its critical role, extensive large-scale studies investigating the correlation between patient characteristics and zinc deficiency still need to be completed. We conducted a retrospective, cross-sectional observational study using a nationwide Japanese claims database from January 2019 to December 2021. The study population included 13,100 patients with available serum zinc concentration data, excluding individuals under 20 and those assessed for zinc concentrations after being prescribed zinc-containing medication. Significant associations with zinc deficiency were noted among older adults, males, and inpatients. Multivariate analysis, adjusting for age and sex, indicated significant associations with comorbidities, including pneumonitis due to solids and liquids with an adjusted Odds Ratio (aOR) of 2.959; decubitus ulcer and pressure area (aOR 2.403), sarcopenia (aOR 2.217), COVID-19 (aOR 1.889), and chronic kidney disease (aOR 1.835). Significant association with medications, including spironolactone (aOR 2.523), systemic antibacterials (aOR 2.419), furosemide (aOR 2.138), antianemic preparations (aOR 2.027), and thyroid hormones (aOR 1.864) were also found. These results may aid clinicians in identifying patients at risk of zinc deficiency, potentially improving care outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hirohide Yokokawa
- Department of General Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yusuke Morita
- Department of Data Science, Nobelpharma Co. Ltd, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Izumi Hamada
- Department of Data Science, Nobelpharma Co. Ltd, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuji Ohta
- Department of Data Science, Nobelpharma Co. Ltd, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Fukui
- Department of Academic Services, 4DIN Ltd., #805 Shinbashiekimae Bldg.1 2-20-15 Shinbashi Minato-ku, Tokyo, 105-0004, Japan.
- Center for Promotion of Data Science, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Nao Makino
- Department of Academic Services, 4DIN Ltd., #805 Shinbashiekimae Bldg.1 2-20-15 Shinbashi Minato-ku, Tokyo, 105-0004, Japan
- Center for Promotion of Data Science, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Emi Ohata
- Department of Academic Services, 4DIN Ltd., #805 Shinbashiekimae Bldg.1 2-20-15 Shinbashi Minato-ku, Tokyo, 105-0004, Japan
- Center for Promotion of Data Science, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Toshio Naito
- Department of General Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan
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Alsohaimi IH. Quantitative determination of trace elements in frozen and chilled chicken using ICP OES and related health risk assessment. JOURNAL OF TAIBAH UNIVERSITY FOR SCIENCE 2023. [DOI: 10.1080/16583655.2023.2196235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2023]
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12
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Movva N, Reichert H, Hooda N, Bylsma LC, Mitchell M, Cohen SS. Dietary eating patterns, dairy consumption, and anxiety: A systematic literature review. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0295975. [PMID: 38153944 PMCID: PMC10754443 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0295975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/02/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nutrition affects both physical and mental health but evidence is mixed regarding potential associations between anxiety and diet, particularly dairy consumption. We conducted a systematic literature review (SLR) of dairy consumption and/or various dietary patterns and risk of anxiety. METHODS Literature searches were conducted in PubMed and Embase. All study designs except case reports, small case series, and SLRs were considered for inclusion. Reference lists of previously published SLRs were reviewed for any relevant additional studies. Studies of populations without dairy sensitivities exploring the association between dietary patterns and/or dairy consumption and anxiety published through May 2022 were identified using predefined eligibility criteria. Study quality was determined using the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics Quality Criteria Checklist. RESULTS For this SLR, 132 studies were included; 80 were cross-sectional. Studies examined different dietary patterns (e.g., Mediterranean, gluten-free) and anxiety using various anxiety scales, with 19 studies specifically reporting on whole dairy consumption and anxiety. Dairy consumption was significantly associated with a lower risk of anxiety in 7 studies, while the remaining 12 studies showed no significant associations. Evidence was mixed for the association between various dietary patterns and anxiety, but more studies observed a lower risk of anxiety with greater adherence to "healthy" diets (e.g., Mediterranean, diet quality score, vegetarian/vegan) than a higher risk. Notable heterogeneity in study populations, time periods, geographical locations, dietary assessment methods, and anxiety scales was observed. CONCLUSIONS The results of this SLR suggest a potential link between diet including diary consumption and anxiety, but future studies, especially with longitudinal designs that measure diet and anxiety at several timepoints and comprehensively adjust for confounders, are needed to fully understand the relationship between diet and anxiety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naimisha Movva
- EpidStrategies, A Division of ToxStrategies, LLC, Katy, Texas, United States of America
| | - Heidi Reichert
- EpidStrategies, A Division of ToxStrategies, LLC, Katy, Texas, United States of America
| | - Naushin Hooda
- EpidStrategies, A Division of ToxStrategies, LLC, Katy, Texas, United States of America
| | - Lauren C. Bylsma
- EpidStrategies, A Division of ToxStrategies, LLC, Katy, Texas, United States of America
| | - Meghan Mitchell
- EpidStrategies, A Division of ToxStrategies, LLC, Katy, Texas, United States of America
| | - Sarah S. Cohen
- EpidStrategies, A Division of ToxStrategies, LLC, Katy, Texas, United States of America
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Scutarașu EC, Trincă LC. Heavy Metals in Foods and Beverages: Global Situation, Health Risks and Reduction Methods. Foods 2023; 12:3340. [PMID: 37761050 PMCID: PMC10528236 DOI: 10.3390/foods12183340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Revised: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 09/02/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Heavy metals are chemical elements with a toxic effect on the human body. The expansion of industries has led to significant increasing levels of these constituents in the environment. Intensive agriculture can also lead to an increased concentration of heavy metals as a result of using different fertilizers and pesticides. Heavy metal accumulation in soil and plants represents a serious issue because of the potential risks to consumers. There are several methods available for the removal of these toxic components from different substrates (chemical precipitation, electrodialysis, coagulation and flocculation, photocatalytic removal, and adsorption-based processes), but most procedures are expensive and difficult to perform. Thus, more research is needed on the development of low-cost methods in foods. This work represents a review on the heavy metal presence in different food substrates (such as fruits and vegetables, milk and dairy products, meat and meat derivatives, oils, and alcoholic beverages) and provides an overview of the current situation worldwide, taking into account the fact that risks for human health are induced by the intensification of industry and the high degree of pollution. Considering that the toxicological quality of food affects its acceptability, this work provides valuable data regarding the actual situation on the proposed topic.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lucia Carmen Trincă
- Faculty of Horticulture, “Ion Ionescu de la Brad” Iași University of Life Sciences, 3rd M. Sadoveanu Alley, 700490 Iași, Romania;
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14
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Kim JY, Song M, Kim MS, Natarajan P, Do R, Myung W, Won HH. An atlas of associations between 14 micronutrients and 22 cancer outcomes: Mendelian randomization analyses. BMC Med 2023; 21:316. [PMID: 37605270 PMCID: PMC10441703 DOI: 10.1186/s12916-023-03018-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Micronutrients, namely vitamins and minerals, are associated with cancer outcomes; however, their reported effects have been inconsistent across studies. We aimed to identify the causally estimated effects of micronutrients on cancer by applying the Mendelian randomization (MR) method, using single-nucleotide polymorphisms associated with micronutrient levels as instrumental variables. METHODS We obtained instrumental variables of 14 genetically predicted micronutrient levels and applied two-sample MR to estimate their causal effects on 22 cancer outcomes from a meta-analysis of the UK Biobank (UKB) and FinnGen cohorts (overall cancer and 21 site-specific cancers, including breast, colorectal, lung, and prostate cancer), in addition to six major cancer outcomes and 20 cancer subset outcomes from cancer consortia. We used sensitivity MR methods, including weighted median, MR-Egger, and MR-PRESSO, to assess potential horizontal pleiotropy or heterogeneity. Genome-wide association summary statistical data of European descent were used for both exposure and outcome data, including up to 940,633 participants of European descent with 133,384 cancer cases. RESULTS In total, 672 MR tests (14 micronutrients × 48 cancer outcomes) were performed. The following two associations met Bonferroni significance by the number of associations (P < 0.00016) in the UKB plus FinnGen cohorts: increased risk of breast cancer with magnesium levels (odds ratio [OR] = 1.281 per 1 standard deviation [SD] higher magnesium level, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.151 to 1.426, P < 0.0001) and increased risk of colorectal cancer with vitamin B12 level (OR = 1.22 per 1 SD higher vitamin B12 level, 95% CI = 1.107 to 1.345, P < 0.0001). These two associations remained significant in the analysis of the cancer consortia. No significant heterogeneity or horizontal pleiotropy was observed. Micronutrient levels were not associated with overall cancer risk. CONCLUSIONS Our results may aid clinicians in deciding whether to regulate the intake of certain micronutrients, particularly in high-risk groups without nutritional deficiencies, and may help in the design of future clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong Yeob Kim
- Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences & Technology (SAIHST) Sungkyunkwan University, Samsung Medical Center, 81 Irwon-Ro, Gangnam-Gu, Seoul, 06351, Republic of Korea
- Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Minku Song
- Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences & Technology (SAIHST) Sungkyunkwan University, Samsung Medical Center, 81 Irwon-Ro, Gangnam-Gu, Seoul, 06351, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Seo Kim
- Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences & Technology (SAIHST) Sungkyunkwan University, Samsung Medical Center, 81 Irwon-Ro, Gangnam-Gu, Seoul, 06351, Republic of Korea
- Medical and Population Genetics and Cardiovascular Disease Initiative Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Cardiovascular Research Center Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Pradeep Natarajan
- Medical and Population Genetics and Cardiovascular Disease Initiative Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Cardiovascular Research Center Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ron Do
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Woojae Myung
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Hong-Hee Won
- Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences & Technology (SAIHST) Sungkyunkwan University, Samsung Medical Center, 81 Irwon-Ro, Gangnam-Gu, Seoul, 06351, Republic of Korea.
- Samsung Genome Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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15
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Zavros A, Andreou E, Aphamis G, Bogdanis GC, Sakkas GK, Roupa Z, Giannaki CD. The Effects of Zinc and Selenium Co-Supplementation on Resting Metabolic Rate, Thyroid Function, Physical Fitness, and Functional Capacity in Overweight and Obese People under a Hypocaloric Diet: A Randomized, Double-Blind, and Placebo-Controlled Trial. Nutrients 2023; 15:3133. [PMID: 37513551 PMCID: PMC10386647 DOI: 10.3390/nu15143133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Revised: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Evidence of the effectiveness of zinc (Zn) and selenium (Se) on resting metabolic rate (RMR) and physical function parameters in people with overweight and obesity is scarce, while the effects of zinc and selenium on thyroid function and body composition are still a topic of debate and controversy. The aim of this randomized, double-blind, and placebo-controlled trial was to examine the effects of a hypocaloric diet and Se-Zn co-supplementation on RMR, thyroid function, body composition, physical fitness, and functional capacity in overweight or obese individuals. Twenty-eight overweight-obese participants (mean BMI: 29.4 ± 4.7) were randomly allocated (1:1) to the supplementation group (n = 14, 31.1 ± 5.5 yrs, 9 females) and the placebo group (n = 14, 32.1 ± 4.8 yrs, 6 females). The participants received Zn (25 mg of zinc gluconate/day) and Se (200 mcg of L-selenomethionine/day) or placebo tablets containing starch for eight weeks. The participants of both groups followed a hypocaloric diet during the intervention. RMR, thyroid function, body composition, cardiorespiratory fitness (VO2max), and functional capacity (sit-to-stand tests, timed up-and-go test, and handgrip strength) were assessed before and after the intervention. A significant interaction was found between supplementation and time on RMR (p = 0.045), with the intervention group's RMR increasing from 1923 ± 440 to 2364 ± 410 kcal/day. On the other hand, no interaction between supplementation and time on the thyroid function was found (p > 0.05). Regarding the effects of Zn/Se co-administration on Se levels, a significant interaction between supplementation and time on Se levels was detected (p = 0.004). Specifically, the intervention group's Se serum levels were increased from 83.04 ± 13.59 to 119.40 ± 23.93 μg/L. However, Zn serum levels did not change over time (90.61 ± 23.23 to 89.58 ± 10.61 umol/L). Even though all body composition outcomes improved in the intervention group more than placebo at the second measurement, no supplement × time interaction was detected on body composition (p > 0.05). Cardiorespiratory fitness did not change over the intervention. Yet, a main effect of time was found for some functional capacity tests, with both groups improving similarly over the eight-week intervention period (p < 0.05). In contrast, a supplement x group interaction was found in the performance of the timed up-and-go test (TUG) (p = 0.010), with the supplementation group improving more. In conclusion, an eight-week intervention with Zn/Se co-supplementation combined with a hypocaloric diet increased the RMR, TUG performance, and Se levels in overweight and obese people. However, thyroid function, Zn levels, body composition, and the remaining outcomes of exercise performance remained unchanged.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonis Zavros
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Nicosia, Nicosia 2417, Cyprus
- Research Centre for Exercise and Nutrition (RECEN), Nicosia 2417, Cyprus
| | - Eleni Andreou
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Nicosia, Nicosia 2417, Cyprus
- Research Centre for Exercise and Nutrition (RECEN), Nicosia 2417, Cyprus
| | - George Aphamis
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Nicosia, Nicosia 2417, Cyprus
- Research Centre for Exercise and Nutrition (RECEN), Nicosia 2417, Cyprus
| | - Gregory C Bogdanis
- School of Physical Education and Sport Science, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 10679 Athens, Greece
| | - Giorgos K Sakkas
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, University of Thessaly, 42100 Trikala, Greece
| | - Zoe Roupa
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Nicosia, Nicosia 2417, Cyprus
| | - Christoforos D Giannaki
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Nicosia, Nicosia 2417, Cyprus
- Research Centre for Exercise and Nutrition (RECEN), Nicosia 2417, Cyprus
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16
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Huang D, Zhang Y, Wang X, Guo R, Leng X, Du Q, Wu Q, Pan B, Zhao Y. Dietary total antioxidant capacity and the risk of developing asthenozoospermia: a hospital-based case-control study in China. Hum Reprod 2023; 38:537-548. [PMID: 36728412 DOI: 10.1093/humrep/dead010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Revised: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
STUDY QUESTION Is dietary total antioxidant capacity (DTAC) associated with the odds of developing asthenozoospermia in Chinese men? SUMMARY ANSWER There is no statistically significant association between DTAC indices and the odds of developing asthenozoospermia. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY Both diet and oxidative stress may be related to sperm quality; however, few studies have investigated the association between DTAC and sperm quality. STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION This case-control study was conducted from June 2020 to December 2020. Those diagnosed with asthenozoospermia were assigned to the case group, whereas those with normal sperm parameters were assigned to the control group. Data from a total of 553 cases and 586 controls were included in the final analysis. PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS Men who had been referred to the infertility clinic of Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University were enrolled. Dietary intake was assessed using a validated food frequency questionnaire. DTAC was based on ferric-reducing ability of plasma (FRAP), total oxygen radical absorbance capacity (T-ORAC), hydrophilic oxygen radical absorbance capacity (H-ORAC), lipophilic oxygen radical absorbance capacity (L-ORAC), total phenolics (TP), total radical-trapping antioxidant parameter (TRAP), and Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC). Asthenozoospermia was defined according to the criteria published in the fifth edition of the World Health Organization laboratory manual for the examination and processing of human semen. MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE No significant association was observed between the DTAC indices and the odds of asthenozoospermia after multivariable adjustment (T3 vs T1, odds ratio (OR) = 0.99, 95% CI: 0.73-1.33 for FRAP; OR = 1.05, 95% CI: 0.77-1.42 for T-ORAC; OR = 0.88, 95% CI: 0.65-1.18 for H-ORAC; OR = 0.98, 95% CI: 0.71-1.34 for L-ORAC; OR = 1.03, 95% CI: 0.76-1.39 for TP; OR = 1.18, 95% CI: 0.87-1.59 for TRAP; and OR = 1.15, 95% CI: 0.85-1.55 for TEAC). Both additive and multiplicative interaction analyses suggested that smoking might modify the association of T-ORAC with the odds of developing asthenozoospermia (relative excess risk due to interaction = 0.45, 95% CI: 0.07-0.83, attributable proportion due to interaction = 0.46, 95% CI: 0.07-0.84 for additive interaction; P = 0.033 for multiplicative interaction). LIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION Recall bias and protopathic bias were inevitable in this retrospective case-control study. The estimation accuracy of the DTAC indices may have also affected the findings. WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to specifically investigate whether an association exists between DTAC and the odds of developing asthenozoospermia. Although no significant association was found, this study provides novel information pertaining to the fields of nutrition and human reproduction. STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTEREST(S) This work was supported by the JieBangGuaShuai Project of Liaoning Province (2021JH1/10400050), the Shengjing Hospital Clinical Research Project (M0071), and the Outstanding Scientific Fund of Shengjing Hospital (M1150). All authors have no competing interests to disclose. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER N/A.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donghui Huang
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Precision Medical Research on Major Chronic Disease, Liaoning, China
| | - Yixiao Zhang
- Department of Urology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xiaobin Wang
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Renhao Guo
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xu Leng
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Qiang Du
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Qijun Wu
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Precision Medical Research on Major Chronic Disease, Liaoning, China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive and Genetic Medicine (China Medical University), National Health Commission, Shenyang, China
| | - Bochen Pan
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yuhong Zhao
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Precision Medical Research on Major Chronic Disease, Liaoning, China
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Khan A, Ul-Haq Z, Fatima S, Ahmed J, Alobaid HM, Fazid S, Muhammad N, Garzon C, Ihtesham Y, Habib I, Tanimoune M, Iqbal K, Arshad M, Safi SZ. Long-Term Impact of Multiple Micronutrient Supplementation on Micronutrient Status, Hemoglobin Level, and Growth in Children 24 to 59 Months of Age: A Non-Randomized Community-Based Trial from Pakistan. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15071690. [PMID: 37049531 PMCID: PMC10096793 DOI: 10.3390/nu15071690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Cost-effective interventions are needed to address undernutrition, particularly micronutrient deficiencies, which are common in children under the age of five in low- and middle-income countries. A community-based, non-randomized clinical trial was undertaken in the Kurram district of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa from January 2018 to June 2019, to evaluate the effect of locally produced micronutrient powder (local name: Vita-Mixe) on plasma micronutrient status, hemoglobin level, and anthropometric outcomes. Children aged 24–48 months old were recruited and allocated to the intervention and control arm of the study. The enrolled children in the intervention arm received one micronutrient powder (MNP) sachet for consumption on alternate days for 12 months. To assess the impact of the intervention on plasma levels of zinc, vitamin D, vitamin A, and hemoglobin level, blood samples were taken at baseline and after one year following the intervention. The analysis was conducted using Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA), atomic absorption spectrometry, and an automated hematology analyzer. For the impact on growth parameters, the anthropometric assessment was performed using WHO standard guidelines. A 24 h dietary recall interview was used to assess the nutrient intake adequacy. Results showed that in the intervention arm, children had on average a 7.52 ng/mL (95% CI 5.11–9.92, p-value < 0.001) increase in the plasma level of vitamin A, 4.80 ng/mL (95% CI 1.63–7.95, p-value < 0.002) increase in vitamin D levels and 33.85 µg/dL (95% CI 24.40–43.30, p-value < 0.001) increase in the plasma zinc level, as well as a 2.0g/dL (95% CI 1.64–2.40, p-value < 0.001) increase in hemoglobin level. Statistically significant improvement was observed in the weight-for-height z-score (WHZ) (from −1.0 ± 0.88 to −0.40 ± 1.01, p < 0.001) and weight-for-age z-score (WAZ) (from −1.40 ± 0.50 to −1.05 ± 0.49, p < 0.001) in the intervention group compared to the control group. No statistically significant change was observed in the height-for-age z-score (HAZ) in the intervention group (p = 0.93). In conclusion, micronutrient powder supplementation is a cost-effective intervention to improve the micronutrient status, hemoglobin level, and growth parameters in under-five children, which can be scaled up in the existing health system to address the alarming rates of undernutrition in Pakistan and other developing countries.
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18
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Pejčić T, Todorović Z, Đurašević S, Popović L. Mechanisms of Prostate Cancer Cells Survival and Their Therapeutic Targeting. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24032939. [PMID: 36769263 PMCID: PMC9917912 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2022] [Revised: 01/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) is today the second most common cancer in the world, with almost 400,000 deaths annually. Multiple factors are involved in the etiology of PCa, such as older age, genetic mutations, ethnicity, diet, or inflammation. Modern treatment of PCa involves radical surgical treatment or radiation therapy in the stages when the tumor is limited to the prostate. When metastases develop, the standard procedure is androgen deprivation therapy, which aims to reduce the level of circulating testosterone, which is achieved by surgical or medical castration. However, when the level of testosterone decreases to the castration level, the tumor cells adapt to the new conditions through different mechanisms, which enable their unhindered growth and survival, despite the therapy. New knowledge about the biology of the so-called of castration-resistant PCa and the way it adapts to therapy will enable the development of new drugs, whose goal is to prolong the survival of patients with this stage of the disease, which will be discussed in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomislav Pejčić
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
- Clinic of Urology, University Clinical Centre of Serbia, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +381-641281844
| | - Zoran Todorović
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
- University Medical Centre “Bežanijska kosa”, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Siniša Đurašević
- Faculty of Biology, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Lazar Popović
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia
- Medical Oncology Department, Oncology Institute of Vojvodina, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia
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19
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Zhang W, He Y, Kang X, Wang C, Chen F, Kang Z, Yang S, Zhang R, Peng Y, Li W. Association between dietary minerals and glioma: A case-control study based on Chinese population. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1118997. [PMID: 36937365 PMCID: PMC10018027 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1118997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background As one of the essential nutrients for the human body, minerals participate in various physiological activities of the body and are closely related to many cancers. However, the population study on glioma is not sufficient. Objective The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relationship between five dietary minerals and glioma. Methods A total of 506 adult patients with glioma and 506 healthy controls were matched 1:1 according to age (±5 years) and sex. The food intake of the subjects in the past year was collected through the food frequency questionnaire, and the intakes of calcium, magnesium, iron, zinc, and copper in the diet were calculated. The logistic regression model was used to estimate the odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (95% CI) for dietary minerals to gliomas. Results After adjusting for confounders, higher intakes of calcium (OR = 0.65, 95% CI: 0.57-0.74), magnesium (OR = 0.18, 95% CI: 0.11-0.29), iron (OR = 0.04, 95% CI: 0.02-0.11), zinc (OR = 0.62, 95% CI: 0.54-0.73), and copper (OR = 0.22, 95% CI: 0.13-0.39) were associated with a significantly decreased risk of glioma. Similar results were observed in gliomas of different pathological types and pathological grades. The restriction cubic spline function suggested significant linear dose-response relationships between intakes of five minerals and the risk of glioma. When the dietary minerals exceeded a particular intake, the risk of glioma stabilized. Conclusion Our study suggests that higher dietary intakes of calcium, magnesium, iron, zinc, and copper are associated with a decreased risk of glioma. However, the results of this study require further exploration of potential mechanisms in the future better to elucidate the effects of mineral intake on gliomas.
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Nakanishi K, Toyoshima M, Ichikawa G, Suzuki S. Zinc deficiency is associated with gynecologic cancer recurrence. Front Oncol 2022; 12:1025060. [PMID: 36505858 PMCID: PMC9729934 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.1025060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Zinc deficiency can cause various symptoms, including hair loss, anemia, and taste disorders. Recently, the association between cancer and zinc deficiency has received much attention with respect to its antioxidant properties. However, only a few studies have investigated the association between gynecologic cancers and zinc; to date, no studies have evaluated serum zinc status at the onset of gynecologic cancer or the relationship between zinc and cancer recurrence. The objectives of the present study were to determine whether serum zinc concentrations are associated with the development of gynecologic cancer, to clarify serum zinc dynamics between the onset and recurrence of gynecologic cancer, and to identify the associated factors. Accordingly, we retrospectively determined serum zinc concentrations before treatment in gynecologic patients with benign disease or cancer at the Nippon Medical School Chiba Hokusoh Hospital. We investigated anemia and hypoalbuminemia-the most common causes of zinc deficiency-as indicators of hyponutrition to determine the causal relationship of this deficiency with chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and recurrence, which may affect zinc concentration during cancer recurrence. The results indicated that there was no difference in zinc concentration between preoperative cancer patients and noncancer patients and that serum zinc concentrations were not associated with developing gynecologic cancers. However, patients with gynecologic cancer exhibited significantly lower serum zinc concentrations following treatment, and patients with recurrent cancer were 4.8 times more likely to develop zinc deficiency than those with nonrecurrent cancer. A serum zinc concentration of <61 μg/dL was an independent predictor of recurrence. Once zinc deficiency occurred, the recurrence rate of zinc deficiency reached as high as 69%. Overall, our study indicates that zinc deficiency is associated with recurrence in gynecological cancers and physicians should monitor zinc levels during disease management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuho Nakanishi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nippon Medical School Chiba Hokusoh Hospital, Chiba, Japan,*Correspondence: Kazuho Nakanishi,
| | - Masafumi Toyoshima
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Go Ichikawa
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nippon Medical School Chiba Hokusoh Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | - Shunji Suzuki
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan
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21
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Koeder C, Perez-Cueto FJA. Vegan nutrition: a preliminary guide for health professionals. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2022; 64:670-707. [PMID: 35959711 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2022.2107997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Since the beginning of the 21st century, interest in vegan diets has been rapidly increasing in most countries. Misconceptions about vegan diets are widespread among the general population and health professionals. Vegan diets can be health-promoting and may offer certain important advantages compared to typical Western (and other mainstream) eating patterns. However, adequate dietary sources/supplements of nutrients of focus specific to vegan diets should be identified and communicated. Without supplements/fortified foods, severe vitamin B12 deficiency may occur. Other potential nutrients of focus are calcium, vitamin D, iodine, omega-3 fatty acids, iron, zinc, selenium, vitamin A, and protein. Ensuring adequate nutrient status is particularly important during pregnancy, lactation, infancy, and childhood. Health professionals are often expected to be able to provide advice on the topic of vegan nutrition, but a precise and practical vegan nutrition guide for health professionals is lacking. Consequently, it is important and urgent to provide such a set of dietary recommendations. It is the aim of this article to provide vegan nutrition guidelines, based on current evidence, which can easily be communicated to vegan patients/clients, with the goal of ensuring adequate nutrient status in vegans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Koeder
- Institute of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Leibniz University Hanover, Hanover, Germany
- Department of Nutrition, University of Applied Sciences Münster, Münster, Germany
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22
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Kotnis A, Bhatt GC, Joshi D, Shukla AK, Gupta P, Shah D, Choudhary B, Patil R, Dubey SK, Shukla M, Joshi A, Pakhare AP. Assessment of zinc inadequacy among tribal adolescent population of central India - A cross-sectional study. Indian J Med Res 2022; 156:339-347. [PMID: 36629194 PMCID: PMC10057370 DOI: 10.4103/ijmr.ijmr_3130_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Background & objectives Zinc is a crucial micronutrient in adolescence, required for promoting growth and sexual maturation. Adolescents of some tribes may be at high risk of zinc deficiency due to dietary inadequacy and poor bioavailability of zinc from plant-based diets. This study aimed to evaluate the risk of zinc deficiency by estimating prevalence of inadequate zinc intake, prevalence of low serum zinc and stunting among tribal adolescents. Methods A cross-sectional community-based survey was conducted among adolescents (10-19 yr) in three purposively selected districts where Bhil, Korku and Gond tribes were in majority. Structured data collection instrument comprising information about sociodemographic characteristics and dietary recall data was used. Anthropometric assessment was conducted by standardized weighing scales and anthropometry tapes, and blood sample was collected from antecubital vein into trace element-free vacutainers. Serum zinc was estimated using an atomic absorption spectrophotometer. Results A total of 2310 households were approached for participation in the study, of which 2224 households having 5151 adolescents participated. Out of these enlisted adolescents, 4673 responded to dietary recall (90.7% response rate). Anthropometry of 2437 participants was carried out, and serum zinc was analyzed in 844 adolescents. The overall prevalence of dietary zinc inadequacy was 42.6 per cent [95% confidence interval (CI) 41.2 to 44.1] with reference to the estimated average requirement suggested by International Zinc Nutrition Consultative Group (IZiNCG) and 64.8 per cent (95% CI 63.4 to 66.2) with Indian Council of Medical Research-recommended requirements. Stunting was observed in 29 per cent (95% CI 27.2 to 30.8) participants. According to IZiNCG cut-offs, low serum zinc was detected in 57.5 per cent (95% CI 54.1 to 60.8) of adolescents, whereas it was 34.4 per cent (95% CI: 31.2-37.5) according to the national level cut-off. Interpretation & conclusions Risk of dietary zinc inadequacy and low serum zinc concentration amongst adolescents of the Gond, Bhil and Korku tribes is a public health concern.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashwin Kotnis
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Girish C Bhatt
- Department of Pediatrics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Deepti Joshi
- Department of Pathology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Arvind K Shukla
- Department of Micronutrients, Indian Institute of Soil Sciences, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Palak Gupta
- Department of Community & Family Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Dishant Shah
- Department of Community & Family Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Bharat Choudhary
- Department of Pediatrics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh; Department of Trauma & Emergency Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Rajesh Patil
- Department of Pediatrics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Shiv Kumar Dubey
- Department of Pediatrics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Mukesh Shukla
- Department of Community & Family Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh; Department of Community Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Raebareli, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Ankur Joshi
- Department of Community & Family Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Abhijit P Pakhare
- Department of Community & Family Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
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23
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Chillon TS, Maares M, Demircan K, Hackler J, Sun Q, Heller RA, Diegmann J, Bachmann M, Moghaddam A, Haase H, Schomburg L. Serum Free Zinc Is Associated With Vaccination Response to SARS-CoV-2. Front Immunol 2022; 13:906551. [PMID: 35844578 PMCID: PMC9280661 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.906551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 06/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Zinc (Zn) is an essential trace element with high relevance for the immune system, and its deficiency is associated with elevated infection risk and severe disease course. The association of Zn status with the immune response to SARS-CoV-2 vaccination is unknown. Methods A cohort of adult health care workers (n=126) received two doses of BNT162B2, and provided up to four serum samples over a time course of 6 months. Total SARS-CoV-2 IgG and neutralizing antibody potency was determined, along with total as well as free Zn concentrations. Results The SARS-CoV-2 antibodies showed the expected rise in response to vaccination, and decreased toward the last sampling point, with highest levels measured three weeks after the second dose. Total serum Zn concentrations were relatively stable over time, and showed no significant association with SARS-CoV-2 antibodies. Baseline total serum Zn concentration and supplemental intake of Zn were both unrelated to the antibody response to SARS-CoV-2 vaccination. Time resolved analysis of free Zn indicated a similar dynamic as the humoral response. A positive correlation was observed between free Zn concentrations and both the induced antibodies and neutralizing antibody potency. Conclusion While the biomarkers of Zn status and supplemental Zn intake appeared unrelated to the humoral immune response to SARS-CoV-2 vaccination, the observed correlation of free Zn to the induced antibodies indicates a diagnostic value of this novel biomarker for the immune system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thilo Samson Chillon
- Institute for Experimental Endocrinology, Berlin Institute of Health, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Maria Maares
- Department of Food Chemistry and Toxicology, Technische Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Kamil Demircan
- Institute for Experimental Endocrinology, Berlin Institute of Health, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Julian Hackler
- Institute for Experimental Endocrinology, Berlin Institute of Health, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Qian Sun
- Institute for Experimental Endocrinology, Berlin Institute of Health, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Raban A. Heller
- Institute for Experimental Endocrinology, Berlin Institute of Health, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Bundeswehr Hospital Berlin, Clinic of Traumatology and Orthopaedics, Berlin, Germany
- Department of General Practice and Health Services Research, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Joachim Diegmann
- Aschaffenburg Trauma and Orthopaedic Research Group (ATORG), Center for Orthopaedics, Trauma Surgery and Sports Medicine, Hospital Aschaffenburg-Alzenau, Aschaffenburg, Germany
| | - Manuel Bachmann
- Aschaffenburg Trauma and Orthopaedic Research Group (ATORG), Center for Orthopaedics, Trauma Surgery and Sports Medicine, Hospital Aschaffenburg-Alzenau, Aschaffenburg, Germany
| | | | - Hajo Haase
- Department of Food Chemistry and Toxicology, Technische Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- *Correspondence: Lutz Schomburg, ; Hajo Haase,
| | - Lutz Schomburg
- Institute for Experimental Endocrinology, Berlin Institute of Health, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- *Correspondence: Lutz Schomburg, ; Hajo Haase,
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24
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Imran M, Fatima W, Alzahrani AK, Suhail N, Alshammari MK, Alghitran AA, Alshammari FN, Ghoneim MM, Alshehri S, Shakeel F. Development of Therapeutic and Prophylactic Zinc Compositions for Use against COVID-19: A Glimpse of the Trends, Inventions, and Patents. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14061227. [PMID: 35334884 PMCID: PMC8955262 DOI: 10.3390/nu14061227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2022] [Revised: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Zinc is an essential nutrient for human health; it is involved in the catalytic, structural, and regulatory functions of the human cellular system. Different compositions of zinc, as well as its pharmaceutically acceptable salts, are available on the market. Recent studies have demonstrated the role of zinc in combating COVID-19. It has been determined that zinc prevents the entry of SARS-CoV-2 into cells by lowering the expression of ACE-2 receptors and inhibiting the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase of SARS-CoV-2. Zinc also prevents the cytokine storm that takes place after the entry of SARS-CoV-2 into the cell, via its anti-inflammatory activity. The authors believe that no study has yet been published that has reviewed the trends, inventions, and patent literature of zinc compositions to treat/prevent COVID-19. Accordingly, this review has been written in order to fill this gap in the literature. The information about the clinical studies and the published patents/patent applications was retrieved from different databases. This review covers patent literature on zinc compositions up to 31 January 2022. Many important patents/patent applications for zinc-based compositions filed by innovative universities and industries were identified. The patent literature revealed zinc compositions in combination with zinc ionophores, antioxidants, antivirals, antibiotics, hydroxychloroquine, heparin, ivermectin, and copper. Most of these studies were supported by clinical trials. The patent literature supports the potential of zinc and its pharmaceutical compositions as possible treatments for COVID-19. The authors believe that countless zinc-based compositions are still unexplored, and there is an immense opportunity to evaluate a considerable number of the zinc-based compositions for use against COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohd Imran
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Northern Border University, Rafha 91911, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence: (M.I.); (F.S.)
| | - Waseem Fatima
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Northern Border University, Arar 91431, Saudi Arabia;
| | - A. Khuzaim Alzahrani
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Northern Border University, Arar 91431, Saudi Arabia; (A.K.A.); (N.S.)
| | - Nida Suhail
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Northern Border University, Arar 91431, Saudi Arabia; (A.K.A.); (N.S.)
| | | | - Abdulrahman A. Alghitran
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, General Administration of Pharmaceutical Care, Ministry of Health, Riyadh 11176, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Fayez Nafea Alshammari
- Community Pharmacist, Al-Dawaa Pharmacies, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, Hafer Albatin 39911, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Mohammed M. Ghoneim
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Pharmacy, AlMaarefa University, Ad Diriyah 13713, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Sultan Alshehri
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Faiyaz Shakeel
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia;
- Correspondence: (M.I.); (F.S.)
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