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Ross FC, Patangia D, Grimaud G, Lavelle A, Dempsey EM, Ross RP, Stanton C. The interplay between diet and the gut microbiome: implications for health and disease. Nat Rev Microbiol 2024; 22:671-686. [PMID: 39009882 DOI: 10.1038/s41579-024-01068-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 07/17/2024]
Abstract
Diet has a pivotal role in shaping the composition, function and diversity of the gut microbiome, with various diets having a profound impact on the stability, functionality and diversity of the microbial community within our gut. Understanding the profound impact of varied diets on the microbiome is crucial, as it will enable us not only to make well-informed dietary decisions for better metabolic and intestinal health, but also to prevent and slow the onset of specific diet-related diseases that stem from suboptimal diets. In this Review, we explore how geographical location affects the gut microbiome and how different diets shape its composition and function. We examine the mechanisms by which whole dietary regimes, such as the Mediterranean diet, high-fibre diet, plant-based diet, high-protein diet, ketogenic diet and Western diet, influence the gut microbiome. Furthermore, we underscore the need for exhaustive studies to better understand the causal relationship between diet, host and microorganisms for the development of precision nutrition and microbiome-based therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fiona C Ross
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
- Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Dhrati Patangia
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
- Teagasc Moorepark Food Research Centre, Cork, Ireland
| | - Ghjuvan Grimaud
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
- Teagasc Moorepark Food Research Centre, Cork, Ireland
| | - Aonghus Lavelle
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Eugene M Dempsey
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
- Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
- INFANT Centre, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - R Paul Ross
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Catherine Stanton
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.
- Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.
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Wang M, Rousseau B, Qiu K, Huang G, Zhang Y, Su H, Le Bihan-Benjamin C, Khati I, Artz O, Foote MB, Cheng YY, Lee KH, Miao MZ, Sun Y, Bousquet PJ, Hilmi M, Dumas E, Hamy AS, Reyal F, Lin L, Armistead PM, Song W, Vargason A, Arthur JC, Liu Y, Guo J, Zhou X, Nguyen J, He Y, Ting JPY, Anselmo AC, Huang L. Killing tumor-associated bacteria with a liposomal antibiotic generates neoantigens that induce anti-tumor immune responses. Nat Biotechnol 2024; 42:1263-1274. [PMID: 37749267 DOI: 10.1038/s41587-023-01957-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/27/2023]
Abstract
Increasing evidence implicates the tumor microbiota as a factor that can influence cancer progression. In patients with colorectal cancer (CRC), we found that pre-resection antibiotics targeting anaerobic bacteria substantially improved disease-free survival by 25.5%. For mouse studies, we designed an antibiotic silver-tinidazole complex encapsulated in liposomes (LipoAgTNZ) to eliminate tumor-associated bacteria in the primary tumor and liver metastases without causing gut microbiome dysbiosis. Mouse CRC models colonized by tumor-promoting bacteria (Fusobacterium nucleatum spp.) or probiotics (Escherichia coli Nissle spp.) responded to LipoAgTNZ therapy, which enabled more than 70% long-term survival in two F. nucleatum-infected CRC models. The antibiotic treatment generated microbial neoantigens that elicited anti-tumor CD8+ T cells. Heterologous and homologous bacterial epitopes contributed to the immunogenicity, priming T cells to recognize both infected and uninfected tumors. Our strategy targets tumor-associated bacteria to elicit anti-tumoral immunity, paving the way for microbiome-immunotherapy interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Menglin Wang
- Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Benoit Rousseau
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Kunyu Qiu
- Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Guannan Huang
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Yu Zhang
- Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Hang Su
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Christine Le Bihan-Benjamin
- Health Data and Assessment Department, Data Science and Assessment Division, French National Cancer Institute, Boulogne-Billancourt, France
| | - Ines Khati
- Health Data and Assessment Department, Data Science and Assessment Division, French National Cancer Institute, Boulogne-Billancourt, France
| | - Oliver Artz
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Michael B Foote
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Yung-Yi Cheng
- Natural Products Research Laboratories, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Kuo-Hsiung Lee
- Natural Products Research Laboratories, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Chinese Medicine Research and Development Center, China Medical University and Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Michael Z Miao
- Curriculum in Oral and Craniofacial Biomedicine, Division of Oral and Craniofacial Health Sciences, Adams School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Thurston Arthritis Research Center, Division of Rheumatology, Allergy, and Immunology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Yue Sun
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Research Imaging Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Philippe-Jean Bousquet
- Health Survey, Data Science and Assessment Division, French National Cancer Institute, Boulogne Billancourt, France
| | - Marc Hilmi
- GERCOR Group, Paris, France
- Medical Oncology Department, Curie Institute, Saint Cloud, France
| | - Elise Dumas
- Residual Tumor & Response to Treatment Laboratory, RT2Lab, Translational Research Department, INSERM, U932 Immunity and Cancer, Paris, France
- INSERM, U900, Paris, France
- MINES ParisTech, PSL Research University, CBIO-Centre for Computational Biology, Paris, France
| | - Anne-Sophie Hamy
- Residual Tumor & Response to Treatment Laboratory, RT2Lab, Translational Research Department, INSERM, U932 Immunity and Cancer, Paris, France
- Department of Medical Oncology, Centre René Hughenin, Saint Cloud, France
| | - Fabien Reyal
- Residual Tumor & Response to Treatment Laboratory, RT2Lab, Translational Research Department, INSERM, U932 Immunity and Cancer, Paris, France
- Department of Surgery, Institut Jean Godinot, Reims, France
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Institut Curie, University of Paris, Paris, France
| | - Lin Lin
- BMTCT Program, Division of Hematology, Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Paul M Armistead
- BMTCT Program, Division of Hematology, Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Wantong Song
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, China
- Jilin Biomedical Polymers Engineering Laboratory, Changchun, China
| | - Ava Vargason
- Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Janelle C Arthur
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Center for Gastrointestinal Biology and Disease, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Yun Liu
- Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Jianfeng Guo
- Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Xuefei Zhou
- Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Juliane Nguyen
- Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Yongqun He
- Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Unit for Laboratory Animal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Jenny P-Y Ting
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Division of Craniofacial and Surgical Care, School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Aaron C Anselmo
- Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Leaf Huang
- Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
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Eskandari-Malayeri F, Rezeai M, Narimani T, Esmaeil N, Azizi M. Investigating the effect of Fusobacterium nucleatum on the aggressive behavior of cancer-associated fibroblasts in colorectal cancer. Discov Oncol 2024; 15:292. [PMID: 39030445 PMCID: PMC11264641 DOI: 10.1007/s12672-024-01156-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 07/13/2024] [Indexed: 07/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Fusobacterium nucleatum, (F. nucleatum) as a known factor in inducing oncogenic, invasive, and inflammatory responses, can lead to an increase in the incidence and progression of colorectal cancer (CRC). Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAF) are also one of the key components of the tumor microenvironment (TME), which lead to resistance to treatment, metastasis, and disease recurrence with their markers, secretions, and functions. This study aimed to investigate the effect of F. nucleatum on the invasive phenotype and function of fibroblast cells isolated from normal and cancerous colorectal tissue. F. nucleatum bacteria were isolated from deep periodontal pockets and confirmed by various tests. CAF cells from tumor tissue and normal fibroblasts (NF) from a distance of 10 cm of tumor tissue were isolated from 5 patients by the explant method and were exposed to secretions and ghosts of F. nucleatum. The expression level of two markers, fibroblast activation protein (FAP), and α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), and the amount of production of two cytokines TGF-β and IL-6 from fibroblast cells were measured by flow cytometry and ELISA test, respectively before and after exposure to different bacterial components. The expression of the FAP marker was significantly higher in CAF cells compared to NF cells (P < 0.05). Also, the expression of IL-6 in CAF cells was higher than that of NF cells. In investigating the effect of bacterial components on the function of fibroblastic cells, after comparing the amount of IL-6 produced between the normal tissue of each patient and his tumoral tissue under 4 treated conditions, it was found that the amount of IL-6 production from the CAF cells of patients in the control group, treated with heat-killed ghosts and treated with paraformaldehyde-fixed ghosts had a significant increase compared to NF cells (P < 0.05). Due to the significant increase in FAP marker expression in fibroblast cells of tumor tissue compared to normal tissue, it seems that FAP can be used as a very good therapeutic marker, especially in patients with high levels of CAF cells. Various components of F. nucleatum could affect fibroblast cells differentially and at least part of the effect of this bacterium in the TME is mediated by CAF cells.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Marzieh Rezeai
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
| | - Tahmineh Narimani
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Nafiseh Esmaeil
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mahdieh Azizi
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
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Benej M, Hoyd R, Kreamer M, Wheeler CE, Grencewicz DJ, Choueiry F, Chan CHF, Zakharia Y, Ma Q, Dodd RD, Ulrich CM, Hardikar S, Churchman ML, Tarhini AA, Robinson LA, Singer EA, Ikeguchi AP, McCarter MD, Tinoco G, Husain M, Jin N, Tan AC, Osman AEG, Eljilany I, Riedlinger G, Schneider BP, Benejova K, Kery M, Papandreou I, Zhu J, Denko N, Spakowicz D. The Tumor Microbiome Reacts to Hypoxia and Can Influence Response to Radiation Treatment in Colorectal Cancer. CANCER RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS 2024; 4:1690-1701. [PMID: 38904265 PMCID: PMC11234499 DOI: 10.1158/2767-9764.crc-23-0367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Revised: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024]
Abstract
Tumor hypoxia has been shown to predict poor patient outcomes in several cancer types, partially because it reduces radiation's ability to kill cells. We hypothesized that some of the clinical effects of hypoxia could also be due to its impact on the tumor microbiome. Therefore, we examined the RNA sequencing data from the Oncology Research Information Exchange Network database of patients with colorectal cancer treated with radiotherapy. We identified microbial RNAs for each tumor and related them to the hypoxic gene expression scores calculated from host mRNA. Our analysis showed that the hypoxia expression score predicted poor patient outcomes and identified tumors enriched with certain microbes such as Fusobacterium nucleatum. The presence of other microbes, such as Fusobacterium canifelinum, predicted poor patient outcomes, suggesting a potential interaction between hypoxia, the microbiome, and radiation response. To experimentally investigate this concept, we implanted CT26 colorectal cancer cells into immune-competent BALB/c and immune-deficient athymic nude mice. After growth, in which tumors passively acquired microbes from the gastrointestinal tract, we harvested tumors, extracted nucleic acids, and sequenced host and microbial RNAs. We stratified tumors based on their hypoxia score and performed a metatranscriptomic analysis of microbial gene expression. In addition to hypoxia-tropic and -phobic microbial populations, analysis of microbial gene expression at the strain level showed expression differences based on the hypoxia score. Thus, hypoxia gene expression scores seem to associate with different microbial populations and elicit an adaptive transcriptional response in intratumoral microbes, potentially influencing clinical outcomes. SIGNIFICANCE Tumor hypoxia reduces radiotherapy efficacy. In this study, we explored whether some of the clinical effects of hypoxia could be due to interaction with the tumor microbiome. Hypoxic gene expression scores associated with certain microbes and elicited an adaptive transcriptional response in others that could contribute to poor clinical outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Benej
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Rebecca Hoyd
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, Ohio
| | - McKenzie Kreamer
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Caroline E Wheeler
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Dennis J Grencewicz
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Fouad Choueiry
- Department of Health Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Carlos H F Chan
- Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa
| | - Yousef Zakharia
- Division of Oncology, Hematology and Blood & Marrow Transplantation, Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa
| | - Qin Ma
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
- Pelotonia Institute for Immuno-Oncology, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Rebecca D Dodd
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa
| | - Cornelia M Ulrich
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Sheetal Hardikar
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | | | - Ahmad A Tarhini
- Department of Cutaneous Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida
- Department of Immunology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida
| | - Lary A Robinson
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida
| | - Eric A Singer
- Department of Urologic Oncology, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Alexandra P Ikeguchi
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, Stephenson Cancer Center of University of Oklahoma, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma
| | - Martin D McCarter
- Department of Surgery, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Gabriel Tinoco
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Marium Husain
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Ning Jin
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Aik C Tan
- Department of Oncological Science, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Afaf E G Osman
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Islam Eljilany
- Department of Cutaneous Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida
- Clinical Science Lab, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida
| | - Gregory Riedlinger
- Department of Precision Medicine, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, New Jersey
| | - Bryan P Schneider
- Indiana University Simon Comprehensive Cancer Center, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Katarina Benejova
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Martin Kery
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Ioanna Papandreou
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Jiangjiang Zhu
- Department of Health Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Nicholas Denko
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Daniel Spakowicz
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, Ohio
- Pelotonia Institute for Immuno-Oncology, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, Ohio
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Nie SC, Jing YH, Lu L, Ren SS, Ji G, Xu HC. Mechanisms of myeloid-derived suppressor cell-mediated immunosuppression in colorectal cancer and related therapies. World J Gastrointest Oncol 2024; 16:1690-1704. [PMID: 38764816 PMCID: PMC11099432 DOI: 10.4251/wjgo.v16.i5.1690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Severe immunosuppression is a hallmark of colorectal cancer (CRC). Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs), one of the most abundant components of the tumor stroma, play an important role in the invasion, metastasis, and immune escape of CRC. MDSCs create an immunosuppressive microenvironment by inhibiting the proliferation and activation of immunoreactive cells, including T and natural killer cells, as well as by inducing the proliferation of immunosuppressive cells, such as regulatory T cells and tumor-associated macrophages, which, in turn, promote the growth of cancer cells. Thus, MDSCs are key contributors to the emergence of an immunosuppressive microenvironment in CRC and play an important role in the breakdown of antitumor immunity. In this narrative review, we explore the mechanisms through which MDSCs contribute to the immunosuppressive microenvironment, the current therapeutic approaches and technologies targeting MDSCs, and the therapeutic potential of modulating MDSCs in CRC treatment. This study provides ideas and methods to enhance survival rates in patients with CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Chang Nie
- Institute of Digestive Diseases, Longhua Hospital, China-Canada Center of Research for Digestive Diseases, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yan-Hua Jing
- Institute of Digestive Diseases, Longhua Hospital, China-Canada Center of Research for Digestive Diseases, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Lu Lu
- Institute of Digestive Diseases, Longhua Hospital, China-Canada Center of Research for Digestive Diseases, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Disease and Syndrome Biology of Inflammatory Cancer Transformation, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Si-Si Ren
- Institute of Digestive Diseases, Longhua Hospital, China-Canada Center of Research for Digestive Diseases, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Guang Ji
- Institute of Digestive Diseases, Longhua Hospital, China-Canada Center of Research for Digestive Diseases, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Disease and Syndrome Biology of Inflammatory Cancer Transformation, Shanghai 200032, China
- State Key Laboratory of Integration and Innovation of Classic Formula and Modern Chinese Medicine (Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine), Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Han-Chen Xu
- Institute of Digestive Diseases, Longhua Hospital, China-Canada Center of Research for Digestive Diseases, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Disease and Syndrome Biology of Inflammatory Cancer Transformation, Shanghai 200032, China
- State Key Laboratory of Integration and Innovation of Classic Formula and Modern Chinese Medicine (Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine), Shanghai 200032, China
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de Deus A, Gonçalves G, da Silva J, de Jesus LC, Azevedo-Santos APS, Dall Agnol H, Pereira SR. Microbiome reveals inflammatory-related bacteria and putative functional pathways involved in human papillomavirus-associated penile squamous cell carcinoma. Andrology 2024; 12:809-820. [PMID: 37840240 DOI: 10.1111/andr.13545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Revised: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Penile squamous cell carcinoma (PSCC) is a rare disease that is more prevalent in developing countries, such as Brazil, and is linked to poor genital hygiene, which promotes the proliferation of microorganisms. Dysbiosis has an effect on the local immune response, increases the risk of viral infection, and can generate inflammatory processes. Current knowledge of the microbiota found in penile tissues is limited, and the bacterial diversity of the PSCC remains unknown. In this investigation, the microbiota associated with penile cancer and its potential role in tumor development and progression were identified. METHODS The 16S rRNA gene was analyzed by next-generation sequencing in 19 tumors and their respective non-tumor adjacent tissues to perform taxonomic classification, analysis of core microbiome, abundance, and diversity of amplicon sequence variants (ASVs) (QIIME2 v.2020.2), and in silico functional prediction (PICRUST2, p < 0.05). RESULTS In both tissues, the phyla Proteobacteria and Firmicutes, and genera Alcaligenes and Fusobaterium, were the most prevalent. Tumors presented a greater relative abundance of Fusobacteriota, Campilobacteria, and Fusobacterium (p = 0.04, p = 0.04, and p = 0.039, respectively). In addition, the beta diversity analysis revealed a tendency for the formation of two distinct groups when only advanced tumors (pT2 and pT3) were considered. Further, the functional analysis identified the top 35 pathways, and 79.5% of PSCC samples contained pro-inflammatory microorganisms. CONCLUSION We describe the first microbiome of penile carcinoma, which revealed an abundant and diverse microbiota as well as inflammatory-related taxa (the phyla Proteobacteria and Firmicutes, the genera Fusobacterium and Prevotella, and the species Finegoldia magma and Pseudomonas geniculata) and molecular pathways (chitin derivates degradation, the protocatechuic acid pathway, inositol metabolism, and the sucrose pathway), which have also been linked to inflammation and carcinogenesis. Moreover, we found specific and abundant ASVs in both tumor and non-tumor tissues. Our data encourage further study to better understand the role of these microorganisms in penile carcinogenesis, offering an opportunity for advances in diagnosis, prognosis, and early therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda de Deus
- Postgraduate Program in Health Science, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís, Brazil
- Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Biology, Department of Biology, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís, Brazil
| | - Gabriele Gonçalves
- Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Biology, Department of Biology, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís, Brazil
| | - Jenilson da Silva
- Postgraduate Program in Health Science, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís, Brazil
- Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Biology, Department of Biology, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís, Brazil
| | - Luís Cláudio de Jesus
- Department of Genetics, Ecology, and Evolution, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | | | - Hivana Dall Agnol
- Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Biology, Department of Biology, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís, Brazil
- Department of Pathology, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís, Brazil
| | - Silma Regina Pereira
- Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Biology, Department of Biology, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís, Brazil
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7
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Novielli P, Romano D, Magarelli M, Bitonto PD, Diacono D, Chiatante A, Lopalco G, Sabella D, Venerito V, Filannino P, Bellotti R, De Angelis M, Iannone F, Tangaro S. Explainable artificial intelligence for microbiome data analysis in colorectal cancer biomarker identification. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1348974. [PMID: 38426064 PMCID: PMC10901987 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1348974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a type of tumor caused by the uncontrolled growth of cells in the mucosa lining the last part of the intestine. Emerging evidence underscores an association between CRC and gut microbiome dysbiosis. The high mortality rate of this cancer has made it necessary to develop new early diagnostic methods. Machine learning (ML) techniques can represent a solution to evaluate the interaction between intestinal microbiota and host physiology. Through explained artificial intelligence (XAI) it is possible to evaluate the individual contributions of microbial taxonomic markers for each subject. Our work also implements the Shapley Method Additive Explanations (SHAP) algorithm to identify for each subject which parameters are important in the context of CRC. Results The proposed study aimed to implement an explainable artificial intelligence framework using both gut microbiota data and demographic information from subjects to classify a cohort of control subjects from those with CRC. Our analysis revealed an association between gut microbiota and this disease. We compared three machine learning algorithms, and the Random Forest (RF) algorithm emerged as the best classifier, with a precision of 0.729 ± 0.038 and an area under the Precision-Recall curve of 0.668 ± 0.016. Additionally, SHAP analysis highlighted the most crucial variables in the model's decision-making, facilitating the identification of specific bacteria linked to CRC. Our results confirmed the role of certain bacteria, such as Fusobacterium, Peptostreptococcus, and Parvimonas, whose abundance appears notably associated with the disease, as well as bacteria whose presence is linked to a non-diseased state. Discussion These findings emphasizes the potential of leveraging gut microbiota data within an explainable AI framework for CRC classification. The significant association observed aligns with existing knowledge. The precision exhibited by the RF algorithm reinforces its suitability for such classification tasks. The SHAP analysis not only enhanced interpretability but identified specific bacteria crucial in CRC determination. This approach opens avenues for targeted interventions based on microbial signatures. Further exploration is warranted to deepen our understanding of the intricate interplay between microbiota and health, providing insights for refined diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierfrancesco Novielli
- Dipartimento di Scienze del Suolo, della Pianta e degli Alimenti, Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Donato Romano
- Dipartimento di Scienze del Suolo, della Pianta e degli Alimenti, Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Michele Magarelli
- Dipartimento di Scienze del Suolo, della Pianta e degli Alimenti, Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Pierpaolo Di Bitonto
- Dipartimento di Scienze del Suolo, della Pianta e degli Alimenti, Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Domenico Diacono
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Annalisa Chiatante
- Dipartimento di Scienze del Suolo, della Pianta e degli Alimenti, Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Lopalco
- Dipartimento di Medicina di Precisione e Rigenerativa e Area Jonica, Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Daniele Sabella
- Dipartimento di Medicina di Precisione e Rigenerativa e Area Jonica, Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Venerito
- Dipartimento di Medicina di Precisione e Rigenerativa e Area Jonica, Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Pasquale Filannino
- Dipartimento di Scienze del Suolo, della Pianta e degli Alimenti, Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Roberto Bellotti
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Bari, Bari, Italy
- Dipartimento Interateneo di Fisica M. Merlin, Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Maria De Angelis
- Dipartimento di Scienze del Suolo, della Pianta e degli Alimenti, Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Florenzo Iannone
- Dipartimento di Medicina di Precisione e Rigenerativa e Area Jonica, Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Sabina Tangaro
- Dipartimento di Scienze del Suolo, della Pianta e degli Alimenti, Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Bari, Bari, Italy
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8
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Mendes I, Vale N. Overcoming Microbiome-Acquired Gemcitabine Resistance in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma. Biomedicines 2024; 12:227. [PMID: 38275398 PMCID: PMC10813061 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12010227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Revised: 01/13/2024] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Gastrointestinal cancers (GICs) are one of the most recurrent diseases in the world. Among all GICs, pancreatic cancer (PC) is one of the deadliest and continues to disrupt people's lives worldwide. The most frequent pancreatic cancer type is pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), representing 90 to 95% of all pancreatic malignancies. PC is one of the cancers with the worst prognoses due to its non-specific symptoms that lead to a late diagnosis, but also due to the high resistance it develops to anticancer drugs. Gemcitabine is a standard treatment option for PDAC, however, resistance to this anticancer drug develops very fast. The microbiome was recently classified as a cancer hallmark and has emerged in several studies detailing how it promotes drug resistance. However, this area of study still has seen very little development, and more answers will help in developing personalized medicine. PC is one of the cancers with the highest mortality rates; therefore, it is crucial to explore how the microbiome may mold the response to reference drugs used in PDAC, such as gemcitabine. In this article, we provide a review of what has already been investigated regarding the impact that the microbiome has on the development of PDAC in terms of its effect on the gemcitabine pathway, which may influence the response to gemcitabine. Therapeutic advances in this type of GIC could bring innovative solutions and more effective therapeutic strategies for other types of GIC, such as colorectal cancer (CRC), due to its close relation with the microbiome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inês Mendes
- PerMed Research Group, Center for Health Technology and Services Research (CINTESIS), Rua Doutor Plácido da Costa, 4200-450 Porto, Portugal;
- CINTESIS@RISE, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Alameda Professor Hernâni Monteiro, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), Edifício de Geociências, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Nuno Vale
- PerMed Research Group, Center for Health Technology and Services Research (CINTESIS), Rua Doutor Plácido da Costa, 4200-450 Porto, Portugal;
- CINTESIS@RISE, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Alameda Professor Hernâni Monteiro, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
- Department of Community Medicine, Information and Health Decision Sciences (MEDCIDS), Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Rua Doutor Plácido da Costa, 4200-450 Porto, Portugal
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9
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Cao Y, Xia H, Tan X, Shi C, Ma Y, Meng D, Zhou M, Lv Z, Wang S, Jin Y. Intratumoural microbiota: a new frontier in cancer development and therapy. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2024; 9:15. [PMID: 38195689 PMCID: PMC10776793 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-023-01693-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Revised: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Human microorganisms, including bacteria, fungi, and viruses, play key roles in several physiological and pathological processes. Some studies discovered that tumour tissues once considered sterile actually host a variety of microorganisms, which have been confirmed to be closely related to oncogenesis. The concept of intratumoural microbiota was subsequently proposed. Microbiota could colonise tumour tissues through mucosal destruction, adjacent tissue migration, and hematogenic invasion and affect the biological behaviour of tumours as an important part of the tumour microenvironment. Mechanistic studies have demonstrated that intratumoural microbiota potentially promote the initiation and progression of tumours by inducing genomic instability and mutations, affecting epigenetic modifications, promoting inflammation response, avoiding immune destruction, regulating metabolism, and activating invasion and metastasis. Since more comprehensive and profound insights about intratumoral microbiota are continuously emerging, new methods for the early diagnosis and prognostic assessment of cancer patients have been under examination. In addition, interventions based on intratumoural microbiota show great potential to open a new chapter in antitumour therapy, especially immunotherapy, although there are some inevitable challenges. Here, we aim to provide an extensive review of the concept, development history, potential sources, heterogeneity, and carcinogenic mechanisms of intratumoural microorganisms, explore the potential role of microorganisms in tumour prognosis, and discuss current antitumour treatment regimens that target intratumoural microorganisms and the research prospects and limitations in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaqi Cao
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Hubei Province Clinical Research Center for Major Respiratory Diseases, Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases of National Health Commission, State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430022, China
- Hubei Province Engineering Research Center for Tumour-Targeted Biochemotherapy, MOE Key Laboratory of Biological Targeted Therapy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430022, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Biological Targeted Therapy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430022, China
| | - Hui Xia
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Hubei Province Clinical Research Center for Major Respiratory Diseases, Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases of National Health Commission, State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430022, China
- Hubei Province Engineering Research Center for Tumour-Targeted Biochemotherapy, MOE Key Laboratory of Biological Targeted Therapy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430022, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Biological Targeted Therapy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430022, China
| | - Xueyun Tan
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Hubei Province Clinical Research Center for Major Respiratory Diseases, Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases of National Health Commission, State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430022, China
- Hubei Province Engineering Research Center for Tumour-Targeted Biochemotherapy, MOE Key Laboratory of Biological Targeted Therapy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430022, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Biological Targeted Therapy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430022, China
| | - Chunwei Shi
- Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430022, China
| | - Yanling Ma
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Hubei Province Clinical Research Center for Major Respiratory Diseases, Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases of National Health Commission, State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430022, China
| | - Daquan Meng
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Hubei Province Clinical Research Center for Major Respiratory Diseases, Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases of National Health Commission, State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430022, China
| | - Mengmeng Zhou
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Hubei Province Clinical Research Center for Major Respiratory Diseases, Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases of National Health Commission, State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430022, China
| | - Zhilei Lv
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Hubei Province Clinical Research Center for Major Respiratory Diseases, Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases of National Health Commission, State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430022, China
| | - Sufei Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Hubei Province Clinical Research Center for Major Respiratory Diseases, Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases of National Health Commission, State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430022, China.
- Hubei Province Engineering Research Center for Tumour-Targeted Biochemotherapy, MOE Key Laboratory of Biological Targeted Therapy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430022, China.
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Biological Targeted Therapy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430022, China.
| | - Yang Jin
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Hubei Province Clinical Research Center for Major Respiratory Diseases, Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases of National Health Commission, State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430022, China.
- Hubei Province Engineering Research Center for Tumour-Targeted Biochemotherapy, MOE Key Laboratory of Biological Targeted Therapy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430022, China.
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Biological Targeted Therapy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430022, China.
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10
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Duggan WP, Kisakol B, Woods I, Azimi M, Dussmann H, Fay J, O’Grady T, Maguire B, Reynolds IS, Salvucci M, Slade DJ, McNamara DA, Burke JP, Prehn JH. Spatial transcriptomic analysis reveals local effects of intratumoral fusobacterial infection on DNA damage and immune signaling in rectal cancer. Gut Microbes 2024; 16:2350149. [PMID: 38709233 PMCID: PMC11086019 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2024.2350149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Mucinous colorectal cancer (CRC) is a common histological subtype of colorectal adenocarcinoma, associated with a poor response to chemoradiotherapy. The commensal facultative anaerobes fusobacteria, have been associated with poor prognosis specifically in mesenchymal CRC. Interestingly, fusobacterial infection is especially prevalent in mucinous CRC. The objective of this study was therefore to increase our understanding of beneficial and detrimental effects of fusobacterial infection, by contrasting host cell signaling and immune responses in areas of high vs. low infection, using mucinous rectal cancer as a clinically relevant example. We employed spatial transcriptomic profiling of 106 regions of interest from 8 mucinous rectal cancer samples to study gene expression in the epithelial and immune segments across regions of high versus low fusobacterial infection. Fusobacteria high regions were associated with increased oxidative stress, DNA damage, and P53 signaling. Meanwhile regions of low fusobacterial prevalence were characterized by elevated JAK-STAT, Il-17, Il-1, chemokine and TNF signaling. Immune masks within fusobacterial high regions were characterized by elevated proportions of cytotoxic (CD8+) T cells (p = 0.037), natural killer (NK) cells (p < 0.001), B-cells (p < 0.001), and gamma delta T cells (p = 0.003). Meanwhile, fusobacteria low regions were associated with significantly greater M2 macrophage (p < 0.001), fibroblast (p < 0.001), pericyte (p = 0.002), and endothelial (p < 0.001) counts.
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Affiliation(s)
- William P. Duggan
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin 9, Ireland
- Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
- RCSI Centre for Systems Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Batuhan Kisakol
- Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
- RCSI Centre for Systems Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Ina Woods
- Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Mohammedreza Azimi
- Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
- RCSI Centre for Systems Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Heiko Dussmann
- Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
- RCSI Centre for Systems Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Joanna Fay
- Department of Pathology, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin 9, Ireland
| | - Tony O’Grady
- Department of Pathology, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin 9, Ireland
| | - Barry Maguire
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin 9, Ireland
- Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
- RCSI Centre for Systems Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Ian S. Reynolds
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin 9, Ireland
- Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
- RCSI Centre for Systems Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Manuela Salvucci
- Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
- RCSI Centre for Systems Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Daniel J. Slade
- Department of Biochemistry, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | | | - John P. Burke
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin 9, Ireland
| | - Jochen H.M. Prehn
- Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
- RCSI Centre for Systems Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
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11
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Xinyuan T, Lei Y, Jianping S, Rongwei Z, Ruiwen S, Ye Z, Jing Z, Chunfang T, Hongwei C, Haibin G. Advances in the role of gut microbiota in the regulation of the tumor microenvironment (Review). Oncol Rep 2023; 50:181. [PMID: 37615187 PMCID: PMC10485805 DOI: 10.3892/or.2023.8618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023] Open
Abstract
As a protector of human health, the gut microbiota plays an important role in the development of the immune system during childhood, and the regulation of dietary habits, metabolism and immune system during adulthood. Dysregulated gut flora is not pathogenic, but it can weaken the protective effect of the immune system and cause various diseases. The tumor microenvironment is a physiological environment formed during tumor growth, which provides nutrients and growth factors necessary for tumor growth. As an important factor affecting the tumor microenvironment, the intestinal microflora affects the development of tumors through the mechanisms of gut and microflora metabolites, gene toxins and signaling pathways. The present article aimed to review the components and mechanisms of action, clinical applications, and biological targets of gut microbiota in the regulation of the tumor microenvironment. The present review provides novel insights for the future use of intestinal flora, to regulate the tumor microenvironment, to intervene in the occurrence, development, treatment and prognosis of tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian Xinyuan
- School of Pharmacy, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region 010107, P.R. China
| | - Yu Lei
- Department of Pharmacy, Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region 010020, P.R. China
| | - Shi Jianping
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region 010107, P.R. China
| | - Zhao Rongwei
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region 010050, P.R. China
| | - Shi Ruiwen
- School of Pharmacy, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region 010107, P.R. China
| | - Zhang Ye
- School of Pharmacy, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region 010107, P.R. China
| | - Zhao Jing
- School of Pharmacy, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region 010107, P.R. China
| | - Tian Chunfang
- Department of Oncology, Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region 010020, P.R. China
| | - Cui Hongwei
- Department of Scientific Research, Peking University Cancer Hospital (Inner Mongolia Campus)/Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region 010020, P.R. China
| | - Guan Haibin
- School of Pharmacy, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region 010107, P.R. China
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12
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Aljama S, Lago EP, Zafra O, Sierra J, Simón D, Santos C, Pascual JR, Garcia-Romero N. Dichotomous colorectal cancer behaviour. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2023; 189:104067. [PMID: 37454703 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2023.104067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Revised: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common malignant tumor and one of the deadliest cancers. At molecular level, CRC is a heterogeneous disease that could be divided in four Consensus Molecular Subtypes. Given the differences in the disease due to its anatomical location (proximal and distal colon), another classification should be considered. Here, we review the current knowledge on CRC dichotomic´s behaviour based on two different entities; right and left-sided tumors, their impact on clinical trial data, microbiota spatial composition and the interaction with the nervous system. We discuss recent advances in understanding how the spatial tumor heterogeneity influences the tumor growth, progression, and responses to current therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Aljama
- Faculty of Experimental Sciences, Universidad Francisco de Vitoria, 28223 Madrid, Spain
| | - Estela P Lago
- Faculty of Experimental Sciences, Universidad Francisco de Vitoria, 28223 Madrid, Spain
| | - Olga Zafra
- Faculty of Experimental Sciences, Universidad Francisco de Vitoria, 28223 Madrid, Spain
| | - Javier Sierra
- Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Francisco de Vitoria, 28223 Madrid, Spain
| | - Diana Simón
- Faculty of Experimental Sciences, Universidad Francisco de Vitoria, 28223 Madrid, Spain
| | - Cruz Santos
- Faculty of Experimental Sciences, Universidad Francisco de Vitoria, 28223 Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Noemi Garcia-Romero
- Faculty of Experimental Sciences, Universidad Francisco de Vitoria, 28223 Madrid, Spain.
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13
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Gong D, Adomako-Bonsu AG, Wang M, Li J. Three specific gut bacteria in the occurrence and development of colorectal cancer: a concerted effort. PeerJ 2023; 11:e15777. [PMID: 37554340 PMCID: PMC10405800 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.15777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 08/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC), which develops from the gradual evolution of tubular adenomas and serrated polyps in the colon and rectum, has a poor prognosis and a high mortality rate. In addition to genetics, lifestyle, and chronic diseases, intestinal integrity and microbiota (which facilitate digestion, metabolism, and immune regulation) could promote CRC development. For example, enterotoxigenic Bacteroides fragilis, genotoxic Escherichia coli (pks+ E. coli), and Fusobacterium nucleatum, members of the intestinal microbiota, are highly correlated in CRC. This review describes the roles and mechanisms of these three bacteria in CRC development. Their interaction during CRC initiation and progression has also been proposed. Our view is that in the precancerous stage of colorectal cancer, ETBF causes inflammation, leading to potential changes in intestinal ecology that may provide the basic conditions for pks+ E. coli colonization and induction of oncogenic mutations, when cancerous intestinal epithelial cells can further recruit F. nucleatum to colonise the lesion site and F. nucleatum may contribute to CRC advancement by primarily the development of cancer cells, stemization, and proliferation, which could create new and tailored preventive, screening and therapeutic interventions. However, there is the most dominant microbiota in each stage of CRC development, not neglecting the possibility that two or even all three bacteria could be engaged at any stage of the disease. The relationship between the associated gut microbiota and CRC development may provide important information for therapeutic strategies to assess the potential use of the associated gut microbiota in CRC studies, antibiotic therapy, and prevention strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dengmei Gong
- Institute of Zoonosis, College of Public Health, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Amma G Adomako-Bonsu
- Institute of Toxicology and Pharmacology, University Medical School Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - Maijian Wang
- Gastrointestinal Surgery, Affiliate Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Jida Li
- Institute of Zoonosis, College of Public Health, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
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14
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Cui S, Guo S, Zhao Q, Li Y, Ma Y, Yu Y. Alterations of microbiota and metabolites in the feces of calves with diarrhea associated with rotavirus and coronavirus infections. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1159637. [PMID: 37601373 PMCID: PMC10434556 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1159637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The changes in the composition of intestinal microbiota and metabolites have been linked to digestive disorders in calves, especially neonatal calf diarrhea. Bovine rotavirus (BRV) and bovine coronavirus (BCoV) are known to be the primary culprits behind neonatal calf diarrhea. In this study, we analyzed changes in the fecal microbiota and metabolites of calves with neonatal diarrhea associated with BRV and BCoV infection using high-throughput 16S rRNA sequencing and metabolomics technology. The microbial diversity in the feces of calves infected with BRV and BCoV with diarrhea decreased significantly, and the composition changed significantly. The significant increase of Fusobacterium and the reductions of some bacteria genera, including Faecalibacterium, Bifidobacterium, Ruminococcus, Subdoligranulum, Parabacteroides, Collinsella, and Olsenella, etc., were closely related to diarrhea associated with BRV and BCoV infection. Metabolites in the feces of BRV and BCoV-infected calves with diarrhea were significantly changed. Phosphatidylcholine [PC; 16:1(9 Z)/16:1(9 Z)], lysophosphatidylethanolamine (LysoPE; 0:0/22:0), lysophosphatidylcholine (LysoPC; P-16:0) and LysoPE (0:0/18:0) were significantly higher in the feces of BRV-infected calves with diarrhea. In contrast, some others, such as desthiobiotin, were significantly lower. BRV infection affects glycerophospholipid metabolism and biotin metabolism in calves. Two differential metabolites were significantly increased, and 67 differential metabolites were significantly reduced in the feces of BCoV-infected calves with diarrhea. Seven significantly reduced metabolites, including deoxythymidylic acid (DTMP), dihydrobiopterin, dihydroneopterin triphosphate, cortexolone, cortisol, pantetheine, and pregnenolone sulfate, were enriched in the folate biosynthesis, pantothenate and CoA biosynthesis, pyrimidine metabolism, and steroid hormone biosynthesis pathway. The decrease in these metabolites was closely associated with increased harmful bacteria and reduced commensal bacteria. The content of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) such as acetic acid and propionic acid in the feces of BRV and BCoV-infected calves with diarrhea was lower than that of healthy calves, which was associated with the depletion of SCFAs-producing bacteria such as Parabacteroides, Fournierella, and Collinsella. The present study showed that BRV and BCoV infections changed the composition of the calf fecal microbiota and were associated with changes in fecal metabolites. This study lays the foundation for further revealing the roles of intestinal microbiota in neonatal calf diarrhea associated with BRV and BCoV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengwei Cui
- School of Animal Science and Technology, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Shihui Guo
- School of Animal Science and Technology, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Qingmei Zhao
- College of Biological Science and Engineering, North Minzu University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Yong Li
- School of Life Sciences, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Yun Ma
- School of Animal Science and Technology, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Ruminant Molecular Cell Breeding in Ningxia, School of Animal Science and Technology, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Yongtao Yu
- School of Animal Science and Technology, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Ruminant Molecular Cell Breeding in Ningxia, School of Animal Science and Technology, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, China
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15
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Wu K, Lu X, Fang F, Liu J, Gao J, Zheng Y. Comparative Study on In Vitro Fermentation Characteristics of the Polysaccharides Extracted from Bergamot and Fermented Bergamot. Foods 2023; 12:2878. [PMID: 37569146 PMCID: PMC10418462 DOI: 10.3390/foods12152878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Revised: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to compare the in vitro fermentation characteristics of polysaccharides from Bergamot and Laoxianghuang (fermented 1, 3, and 5 years from bergamot) using the stable in vitro human gut fermentation model. Results showed that bergamot polysaccharide (BP) and Laoxianghuang polysaccharides (LPs) with different surface topographies were characterized as mannorhamnan (comprising Mannose and Rhamnose) and polygalacturonic acid (comprising Galacturonic acid and Galactose), respectively. The distinct effects on the gut microbiota and metabolome of BP and LPs may be due to their different monosaccharide compositions and surface morphologies. BP decreased harmful Fusobacterium and promoted beneficial Bifidobacterium, which was positively correlated with health-enhancing metabolites such as acetic acid, propionic acid, and pyridoxamine. Lactobacillus, increased by LPs, was positively correlated with 4-Hydroxybenzaldehyde, acetic acid, and butyric acid. Overall, this study elucidated gut microbiota and the metabolome regulatory discrepancies of BP and LPs, potentially contributing to their development as prebiotics in healthy foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaizhang Wu
- Chaozhou Branch of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Guangdong Laboratory, Chaozhou 521031, China;
- Department of Food Science, School of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China; (X.L.); (F.F.); (J.L.)
| | - Xingyu Lu
- Department of Food Science, School of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China; (X.L.); (F.F.); (J.L.)
| | - Fang Fang
- Department of Food Science, School of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China; (X.L.); (F.F.); (J.L.)
| | - Juncheng Liu
- Department of Food Science, School of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China; (X.L.); (F.F.); (J.L.)
| | - Jie Gao
- Department of Food Science, School of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China; (X.L.); (F.F.); (J.L.)
| | - Yang Zheng
- Chaozhou Branch of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Guangdong Laboratory, Chaozhou 521031, China;
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16
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Kouidhi S, Zidi O, Belkhiria Z, Rais H, Ayadi A, Ben Ayed F, Mosbah A, Cherif A, El Gaaied ABA. Gut microbiota, an emergent target to shape the efficiency of cancer therapy. EXPLORATION OF TARGETED ANTI-TUMOR THERAPY 2023; 4:240-265. [PMID: 37205307 PMCID: PMC10185446 DOI: 10.37349/etat.2023.00132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023] Open
Abstract
It is now well-acknowledged that microbiota has a profound influence on both human health and illness. The gut microbiota has recently come to light as a crucial element that influences cancer through a variety of mechanisms. The connections between the microbiome and cancer therapy are further highlighted by a number of preclinical and clinical evidence, suggesting that these complicated interactions may vary by cancer type, treatment, or even by tumor stage. The paradoxical relationship between gut microbiota and cancer therapies is that in some cancers, the gut microbiota may be necessary to maintain therapeutic efficacy, whereas, in other cancers, gut microbiota depletion significantly increases efficacy. Actually, mounting research has shown that the gut microbiota plays a crucial role in regulating the host immune response and boosting the efficacy of anticancer medications like chemotherapy and immunotherapy. Therefore, gut microbiota modulation, which aims to restore gut microbial balance, is a viable technique for cancer prevention and therapy given the expanding understanding of how the gut microbiome regulates treatment response and contributes to carcinogenesis. This review will provide an outline of the gut microbiota's role in health and disease, along with a summary of the most recent research on how it may influence the effectiveness of various anticancer medicines and affect the growth of cancer. This study will next cover the newly developed microbiota-targeting strategies including prebiotics, probiotics, and fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) to enhance anticancer therapy effectiveness, given its significance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soumaya Kouidhi
- Laboratory BVBGR-LR11ES31, Biotechnopole Sidi Thabet, University Manouba, ISBST, Ariana 2020, Tunisia
- Association Tunisienne de Lutte contre le Cancer (ATCC), Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Oumaima Zidi
- Laboratory BVBGR-LR11ES31, Biotechnopole Sidi Thabet, University Manouba, ISBST, Ariana 2020, Tunisia
- Department of Biologu, Faculty of Sciences of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis 1068, Tunisia
| | | | - Henda Rais
- Association Tunisienne de Lutte contre le Cancer (ATCC), Tunis, Tunisia
- Service d’Oncologie Médicale, Hôpital Salah-Azaïz, Tunis 1006, Tunisia
| | - Aida Ayadi
- Department of Pathology, Abderrahman Mami Hospital, University of Tunis El Manar, Ariana 2080, Tunisia
| | - Farhat Ben Ayed
- Association Tunisienne de Lutte contre le Cancer (ATCC), Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Amor Mosbah
- Laboratory BVBGR-LR11ES31, Biotechnopole Sidi Thabet, University Manouba, ISBST, Ariana 2020, Tunisia
| | - Ameur Cherif
- Laboratory BVBGR-LR11ES31, Biotechnopole Sidi Thabet, University Manouba, ISBST, Ariana 2020, Tunisia
| | - Amel Ben Ammar El Gaaied
- Laboratory of Genetics, Immunology and Human Pathology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis 1068, Tunisia
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17
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Sun H, Wang Y, Xiao Z, Huang X, Wang H, He T, Jiang X. multiMiAT: an optimal microbiome-based association test for multicategory phenotypes. Brief Bioinform 2023; 24:7005163. [PMID: 36702753 DOI: 10.1093/bib/bbad012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Revised: 12/31/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Microbes can affect the metabolism and immunity of human body incessantly, and the dysbiosis of human microbiome drives not only the occurrence but also the progression of disease (i.e. multiple statuses of disease). Recently, microbiome-based association tests have been widely developed to detect the association between the microbiome and host phenotype. However, the existing methods have not achieved satisfactory performance in testing the association between the microbiome and ordinal/nominal multicategory phenotypes (e.g. disease severity and tumor subtype). In this paper, we propose an optimal microbiome-based association test for multicategory phenotypes, namely, multiMiAT. Specifically, under the multinomial logit model framework, we first introduce a microbiome regression-based kernel association test for multicategory phenotypes (multiMiRKAT). As a data-driven optimal test, multiMiAT then integrates multiMiRKAT, score test and MiRKAT-MC to maintain excellent performance in diverse association patterns. Massive simulation experiments prove the success of our method. Furthermore, multiMiAT is also applied to real microbiome data experiments to detect the association between the gut microbiome and clinical statuses of colorectal cancer as well as for diverse statuses of Clostridium difficile infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Sun
- Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Artificial Intelligence and Smart Learning, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, China
- School of Computer Science, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, China
- School of Mathematics and Statistics, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Yue Wang
- Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Artificial Intelligence and Smart Learning, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, China
- School of Computer Science, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Zhen Xiao
- Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Artificial Intelligence and Smart Learning, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, China
- School of Computer Science, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, China
- School of Mathematics and Statistics, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Xiaoyun Huang
- Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Artificial Intelligence and Smart Learning, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, China
- School of Computer Science, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, China
- Collaborative & Innovative Center for Educational Technology, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Haodong Wang
- Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Artificial Intelligence and Smart Learning, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, China
- School of Computer Science, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Tingting He
- Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Artificial Intelligence and Smart Learning, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, China
- School of Computer Science, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, China
- National Language Resources Monitoring & Research Center for Network Media, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Xingpeng Jiang
- Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Artificial Intelligence and Smart Learning, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, China
- School of Computer Science, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, China
- National Language Resources Monitoring & Research Center for Network Media, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, China
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18
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Niekamp P, Kim CH. Microbial Metabolite Dysbiosis and Colorectal Cancer. Gut Liver 2023; 17:190-203. [PMID: 36632785 PMCID: PMC10018301 DOI: 10.5009/gnl220260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Revised: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The global burden of colorectal cancer (CRC) is expected to continuously increase. Through research performed in the past decades, the effects of various environmental factors on CRC development have been well identified. Diet, the gut microbiota and their metabolites are key environmental factors that profoundly affect CRC development. Major microbial metabolites with a relevance for CRC prevention and pathogenesis include dietary fiber-derived short-chain fatty acids, bile acid derivatives, indole metabolites, polyamines, trimethylamine-N-oxide, formate, and hydrogen sulfide. These metabolites regulate various cell types in the intestine, leading to an altered intestinal barrier, immunity, chronic inflammation, and tumorigenesis. The physical, chemical, and metabolic properties of these metabolites along with their distinct functions to trigger host receptors appear to largely determine their effects in regulating CRC development. In this review, we will discuss the current advances in our understanding of the major CRC-regulating microbial metabolites, focusing on their production and interactive effects on immune responses and tumorigenesis in the colon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Niekamp
- Department of Pathology and Mary H. Weiser Food Allergy Center, Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Chang H. Kim
- Department of Pathology and Mary H. Weiser Food Allergy Center, Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
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19
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Microbiota, Oxidative Stress, and Skin Cancer: An Unexpected Triangle. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12030546. [PMID: 36978794 PMCID: PMC10045429 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12030546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Revised: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Mounting evidence indicates that the microbiota, the unique combination of micro-organisms residing in a specific environment, plays an essential role in the development of a wide range of human diseases, including skin cancer. Moreover, a persistent imbalance of microbial community, named dysbiosis, can also be associated with oxidative stress, a well-known emerging force involved in the pathogenesis of several human diseases, including cutaneous malignancies. Although their interplay has been somewhat suggested, the connection between microbiota, oxidative stress, and skin cancer is a largely unexplored field. In the present review, we discuss the current knowledge on these topics, suggesting potential therapeutic strategies.
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20
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Constantino-Jonapa LA, Espinoza-Palacios Y, Escalona-Montaño AR, Hernández-Ruiz P, Amezcua-Guerra LM, Amedei A, Aguirre-García MM. Contribution of Trimethylamine N-Oxide (TMAO) to Chronic Inflammatory and Degenerative Diseases. Biomedicines 2023; 11:biomedicines11020431. [PMID: 36830968 PMCID: PMC9952918 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11020431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Revised: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) is a metabolite produced by the gut microbiota and has been mainly associated with an increased incidence of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) in humans. There are factors that affect one's TMAO level, such as diet, drugs, age, and hormones, among others. Gut dysbiosis in the host has been studied recently as a new approach to understanding chronic inflammatory and degenerative diseases, including cardiovascular diseases, metabolic diseases, and Alzheimer's disease. These disease types as well as COVID-19 are known to modulate host immunity. Diabetic and obese patients have been observed to have an increase in their level of TMAO, which has a direct correlation with CVDs. This metabolite is attributed to enhancing the inflammatory pathways through cholesterol and bile acid dysregulation, promoting foam cell formation. Additionally, TMAO activates the transcription factor NF-κB, which, in turn, triggers cytokine production. The result can be an exaggerated inflammatory response capable of inducing endoplasmic reticulum stress, which is responsible for various diseases. Due to the deleterious effects that this metabolite causes in its host, it is important to search for new therapeutic agents that allow a reduction in the TMAO levels of patients and that, thus, allow patients to be able to avoid a severe cardiovascular event. The present review discussed the synthesis of TMAO and its contribution to the pathogenesis of various inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis A. Constantino-Jonapa
- Unidad de Investigación UNAM-INC, División de Investigación, Facultad de Medicina, UNAM, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Ciudad de México 14080, Mexico
| | - Yoshua Espinoza-Palacios
- Unidad de Investigación UNAM-INC, División de Investigación, Facultad de Medicina, UNAM, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Ciudad de México 14080, Mexico
| | - Alma R. Escalona-Montaño
- Unidad de Investigación UNAM-INC, División de Investigación, Facultad de Medicina, UNAM, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Ciudad de México 14080, Mexico
| | - Paulina Hernández-Ruiz
- Unidad de Investigación UNAM-INC, División de Investigación, Facultad de Medicina, UNAM, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Ciudad de México 14080, Mexico
| | - Luis M. Amezcua-Guerra
- Departamento de Inmunología, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Ciudad de México 14080, Mexico
| | - Amedeo Amedei
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy
- Interdisciplinary Internal Medicine Unit, Careggi University Hospital, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - María M. Aguirre-García
- Unidad de Investigación UNAM-INC, División de Investigación, Facultad de Medicina, UNAM, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Ciudad de México 14080, Mexico
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +52-55-5573-2911 (ext. 27316)
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21
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Xue C, Chu Q, Zheng Q, Yuan X, Su Y, Bao Z, Lu J, Li L. Current understanding of the intratumoral microbiome in various tumors. Cell Rep Med 2023; 4:100884. [PMID: 36652905 PMCID: PMC9873978 DOI: 10.1016/j.xcrm.2022.100884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2022] [Revised: 09/18/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
It is estimated that in the future, the number of new cancer cases worldwide will exceed the 19.3 million recorded in 2020, and the number of deaths will exceed 10 million. Cancer remains the leading cause of human mortality and lagging socioeconomic development. Intratumoral microbes have been revealed to exist in many cancer types, including pancreatic, colorectal, liver, esophageal, breast, and lung cancers. Intratumoral microorganisms affect not only the host immune system, but also the effectiveness of tumor chemotherapy. This review concentrates on the characteristics and roles of intratumoral microbes in various tumors. In addition, the potential of therapies targeting intratumoral microbes, as well as the main challenges currently delaying these therapies, are explored. Furthermore, we briefly summarize existing technical methods used to characterize intratumoral microbes. We hope to provide ideas for exploring intratumoral microbes as potential biomarkers and targets for tumor diagnosis, treatment, and prognostication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Xue
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Qingfei Chu
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Qiuxian Zheng
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Xin Yuan
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Yuanshuai Su
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Zhengyi Bao
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Juan Lu
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, China.
| | - Lanjuan Li
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, China.
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22
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Yinhang W, Jing Z, Jie Z, Yin J, Xinyue W, Yifei S, Zhiqing F, Wei W, Shuwen H. Prediction model of colorectal cancer (CRC) lymph node metastasis based on intestinal bacteria. CLINICAL & TRANSLATIONAL ONCOLOGY : OFFICIAL PUBLICATION OF THE FEDERATION OF SPANISH ONCOLOGY SOCIETIES AND OF THE NATIONAL CANCER INSTITUTE OF MEXICO 2023; 25:1661-1672. [PMID: 36633831 DOI: 10.1007/s12094-022-03061-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lymph node metastasis is the main metastatic mode of CRC. Lymph node metastasis affects patient prognosis. OBJECTIVE To screen differential intestinal bacteria for CRC lymph node metastasis and construct a prediction model. METHODS First, fecal samples of 119 CRC patients with lymph node metastasis and 110 CRC patients without lymph node metastasis were included for the detection of intestinal bacterial 16S rRNA. Then, bioinformatics analysis of the sequencing data was performed. Community structure and composition analysis, difference analysis, and intragroup and intergroup correlation analysis were conducted between the two groups. Finally, six machine learning models were used to construct a prediction model for CRC lymph node metastasis. RESULTS The community richness and the community diversity at the genus level of the two groups were basically consistent. A total of 12 differential bacteria (Agathobacter, Catenibacterium, norank_f__Oscillospiraceae, Lachnospiraceae_FCS020_group, Lachnospiraceae_UCG-004, etc.) were screened at the genus level. Differential bacteria, such as Agathobacter, Catenibacterium, norank_f__Oscillospiraceae, and Lachnospiraceae_FCS020_group, were more associated with no lymph node metastasis in CRC. In the discovery set, the RF model had the highest prediction accuracy (AUC = 1.00, 98.89% correct, specificity = 55.21%, sensitivity = 55.95%). In the test set, SVM model had the highest prediction accuracy (AUC = 0.73, 72.92% correct, specificity = 69.23%, sensitivity = 88.89%). Lachnospiraceae_FCS020_group was the most important variable in the RF model. Lachnospiraceae_UCG - 004 was the most important variable in the SVM model. CONCLUSION CRC lymph node metastasis is closely related to intestinal bacteria. The prediction model based on intestinal bacteria can provide a new evaluation method for CRC lymph node metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wu Yinhang
- The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, No. 548 Binwen Road, Binjiang District, Hangzhou, 310053, Zhejiang Province, China
- Huzhou Central Hospital, Affiliated Central Hospital Huzhou University, No. 1558, Sanhuan North Road, Wuxing District, Huzhou, 313000, Zhejiang Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Multiomics Research and Clinical Transformation of Digestive Cancer of Huzhou, No. 1558, Sanhuan North Road, Wuxing District, Huzhou, 313000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Zhuang Jing
- Huzhou Central Hospital, Affiliated Central Hospital Huzhou University, No. 1558, Sanhuan North Road, Wuxing District, Huzhou, 313000, Zhejiang Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Multiomics Research and Clinical Transformation of Digestive Cancer of Huzhou, No. 1558, Sanhuan North Road, Wuxing District, Huzhou, 313000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Zhou Jie
- Huzhou Central Hospital, Affiliated Central Hospital Huzhou University, No. 1558, Sanhuan North Road, Wuxing District, Huzhou, 313000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Jin Yin
- Huzhou Central Hospital, Affiliated Central Hospital Huzhou University, No. 1558, Sanhuan North Road, Wuxing District, Huzhou, 313000, Zhejiang Province, China
- Key Laboratory of Multiomics Research and Clinical Transformation of Digestive Cancer of Huzhou, No. 1558, Sanhuan North Road, Wuxing District, Huzhou, 313000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Wu Xinyue
- Huzhou Central Hospital, Affiliated Central Hospital Huzhou University, No. 1558, Sanhuan North Road, Wuxing District, Huzhou, 313000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Song Yifei
- Huzhou Central Hospital, Affiliated Central Hospital Huzhou University, No. 1558, Sanhuan North Road, Wuxing District, Huzhou, 313000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Fan Zhiqing
- Huzhou Central Hospital, Affiliated Central Hospital Huzhou University, No. 1558, Sanhuan North Road, Wuxing District, Huzhou, 313000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Wu Wei
- Huzhou Central Hospital, Affiliated Central Hospital Huzhou University, No. 1558, Sanhuan North Road, Wuxing District, Huzhou, 313000, Zhejiang Province, China.
- Key Laboratory of Multiomics Research and Clinical Transformation of Digestive Cancer of Huzhou, No. 1558, Sanhuan North Road, Wuxing District, Huzhou, 313000, Zhejiang Province, China.
| | - Han Shuwen
- Huzhou Central Hospital, Affiliated Central Hospital Huzhou University, No. 1558, Sanhuan North Road, Wuxing District, Huzhou, 313000, Zhejiang Province, China.
- Key Laboratory of Multiomics Research and Clinical Transformation of Digestive Cancer of Huzhou, No. 1558, Sanhuan North Road, Wuxing District, Huzhou, 313000, Zhejiang Province, China.
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23
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Huang C, Meng D, Li Y, Lu S, Yang W, Wu B, Chen S, Yang Z, Liu H. Gut microbiota composition alteration analysis and functional categorization in children with growth hormone deficiency. Front Pediatr 2023; 11:1133258. [PMID: 36911039 PMCID: PMC9998986 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2023.1133258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To study changes in the composition and functions of the gut microbiota (GM) in children with growth hormone deficiency (GHD) using high-throughput sequencing. METHODS Thirty-three children with GHD diagnosed in Longgang District Maternity and Child Health Hospital were included in the disease group and 24 healthy children of the same age comprised the control group. Total DNA was extracted and amplified from stool samples obtained from all subjects. High-throughput sequencing was used to analyze the GM composition and functions. RESULTS The GM from the two groups of children showed significant differences in α-diversity (P < 0.05). In comparison with the control group, the abundance of the phylum Bacteroidetes was significantly higher (45.96% vs. 65.71%) while the Firmicutes count was significantly lower (47.09% vs. 25.20%). At the genus level, the abundance of Prevotella in the disease group was significantly higher (3.16% vs. 20.67%) and that of Lachnospiracea incertae sedis, Clostridium XlVa, and Megamonas was lower (6.576% vs. 1.75%; 4.51% vs. 0.80%; 5.08% vs. 2.02%, respectively). GM functions, including those involved in membrane_transport, energy_metabolism, poorly_characterized, metabolism_of_cofactors_and_vitamins, glycan_biosynthesis_and_metabolism, transcription, folding,_sorting,_and_degradation, were significantly altered in the disease group. The abundance of various GM components was correlated with endocrine hormone levels. CONCLUSION Significant alterations in the GM are seen in children with growth hormone deficiency, which may affect both energy metabolism and the levels of endocrine hormones, potentially leading to growth restriction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Congfu Huang
- Department of Pediatrics, Longgang Maternity and Child Institute of Shantou University Medical College (Longgang District Maternity & Child Healthcare Hospital of Shenzhen City), Shenzhen, China
| | - Dongming Meng
- Department of Pediatrics, Longgang Maternity and Child Institute of Shantou University Medical College (Longgang District Maternity & Child Healthcare Hospital of Shenzhen City), Shenzhen, China
| | - Yinhu Li
- Department of Computer Science, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Shiyang Lu
- Department of Pediatrics, Longgang Maternity and Child Institute of Shantou University Medical College (Longgang District Maternity & Child Healthcare Hospital of Shenzhen City), Shenzhen, China
| | - Wei Yang
- Department of Pediatrics, The People’s Hospital of Shenzhen Baoan District, Shenzhen, China
| | - Bin Wu
- Department of Pediatrics, Longgang Maternity and Child Institute of Shantou University Medical College (Longgang District Maternity & Child Healthcare Hospital of Shenzhen City), Shenzhen, China
| | - Shufen Chen
- Department of Pediatrics, Longgang Maternity and Child Institute of Shantou University Medical College (Longgang District Maternity & Child Healthcare Hospital of Shenzhen City), Shenzhen, China
| | - Zhenyu Yang
- School of Statistics and Data Science, NanKai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Haiying Liu
- Department of Pediatrics, Affiliated Shenzhen Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, China
- Correspondence: Haiying Liu
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24
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Gradisteanu Pircalabioru G, Chifiriuc MC, Picu A, Petcu LM, Trandafir M, Savu O. Snapshot into the Type-2-Diabetes-Associated Microbiome of a Romanian Cohort. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232315023. [PMID: 36499348 PMCID: PMC9741184 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232315023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2022] [Revised: 11/19/2022] [Accepted: 11/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) is alarmingly increasing worldwide, urgently calling for a better understanding of the underlying mechanisms in order to step up prevention and improve therapeutic approaches. It is becoming evident that the gut microbiota seem to have an endless capacity to impact T2D. In this study, we profile the gut microbiome patterns in T2D patients from Romania, by using quantitative Real-Time PCR and next generation sequencing. We enrolled a total of 150 individuals (105 T2D patients, 50 of them without metformin treatment and 45 healthy volunteers). The levels of potentially beneficial butyrate-producing bacteria were significantly reduced, while potentially pathogenic microorganisms such as Enterobacteriaceae and Fusobacterium were enriched in T2D patients. We evaluated the correlation between clinical parameters and gut microbiota and identified the genera Bacteroides, Alistipes, Dialister, Bilophila and Sutterella as possible detrimental factors in T2D. Our findings suggest that the gut microbiota may be a potential target in novel approaches to halt the development of T2D-associated complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gratiela Gradisteanu Pircalabioru
- Research Institute of University of Bucharest (ICUB), 050095 Bucharest, Romania;
- Academy of Romanian Scientists, 050045 Bucharest, Romania
- Correspondence:
| | - Mariana-Carmen Chifiriuc
- Research Institute of University of Bucharest (ICUB), 050095 Bucharest, Romania;
- Academy of Romanian Scientists, 050045 Bucharest, Romania
- Romanian Academy, 010071 Bucharest, Romania
- Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, 050095 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Ariana Picu
- “N.C. Paulescu” National Institute of Diabetes, Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases, 020042 Bucharest, Romania; (A.P.); (L.M.P.); (O.S.)
| | - Laura Madalina Petcu
- “N.C. Paulescu” National Institute of Diabetes, Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases, 020042 Bucharest, Romania; (A.P.); (L.M.P.); (O.S.)
| | - Maria Trandafir
- Department of Doctoral School, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 5th District, 050474 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Octavian Savu
- “N.C. Paulescu” National Institute of Diabetes, Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases, 020042 Bucharest, Romania; (A.P.); (L.M.P.); (O.S.)
- Department of Doctoral School, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 5th District, 050474 Bucharest, Romania;
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Vega L, Bohórquez L, Ramírez JD, Muñoz M. Do we need to change our perspective about gut biomarkers? A public data mining approach to identify differentially abundant bacteria in intestinal inflammatory diseases. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 12:918237. [PMID: 36478676 PMCID: PMC9719923 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.918237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction The gut microbiome is involved in multiple processes that influence host physiology, and therefore, disruptions in microbiome homeostasis have been linked to diseases or secondary infections. Given the importance of the microbiome and the communities of microorganisms that compose it (microbiota), the term biomarkers were coined, which are bacteria correlated with disease states, diets, and the lifestyle of the host. However, a large field in the study of intestinal biomarkers remains unexplored because the bacterial communities associated with a given disease state have not been exactly defined yet. Methods Here, we analyzed public data of studies focused on describing the intestinal microbiota of patients with some intestinal inflammatory diseases together with their respective controls. With these analyses, we aimed to identify differentially abundant bacteria between the subjects with the disease and their controls. Results We found that frequently reported bacteria such as Fusobacterium, Streptococcus, and Escherichia/Shigella were differentially abundant between the groups, with a higher abundance mostly in patients with the disease in contrast with their controls. On the other hand, we also identified potentially beneficial bacteria such as Faecalibacterium and Phascolarctobacterium, with a higher abundance in control patients. Discussion Our results of the differentially abundant bacteria contrast with what was already reported in previous studies on certain inflammatory diseases, but we highlight the importance of considering more comprehensive approaches to redefine or expand the definition of biomarkers. For instance, the intra-taxa diversity within a bacterial community must be considered, as well as environmental and genetic factors of the host, and even consider a functional validation of these biomarkers through in vivo and in vitro approaches. With the above, these key bacterial communities in the intestinal microbiota may have potential as next-generation probiotics or may be functional for the design of specific therapies in certain intestinal diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Vega
- Centro de Investigaciones en Microbiología y Biotecnología-UR (CIMBIUR), Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Laura Bohórquez
- Centro de Investigaciones en Microbiología y Biotecnología-UR (CIMBIUR), Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Juan David Ramírez
- Centro de Investigaciones en Microbiología y Biotecnología-UR (CIMBIUR), Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia,Molecular Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Pathology, Molecular and Cell-Based Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Marina Muñoz
- Centro de Investigaciones en Microbiología y Biotecnología-UR (CIMBIUR), Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia,*Correspondence: Marina Muñoz,
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Yu L, Zhang MM, Hou JG. Molecular and cellular pathways in colorectal cancer: apoptosis, autophagy and inflammation as key players. Scand J Gastroenterol 2022; 57:1279-1290. [PMID: 35732586 DOI: 10.1080/00365521.2022.2088247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Colorectal carcinogenesis (CRC) is one of the most aggressive forms of cancer, particularly in developing countries. It accounts for the second and third-highest reason for cancer-induced lethality in women and men respectively. CRC involves genetic and epigenetic modifications in colonic epithelium, leading to colon adenocarcinoma. The current review highlights the pathogenic mechanisms and multifactorial etiology of CRC, influenced by apoptosis, inflammation, and autophagy pathways. METHODS We have carried out a selective literature review on mechanisms contributing to the pathogenesis of CRC. RESULTS Resistance to senescence and apoptosis of the mesenchymal cells, which play a key role in intestinal organogenesis, morphogenesis and homeostasis, appears important for sporadic CRC. Additionally, inflammation-associated tumorigenesis is a key incident in CRC, supported by immune disruptors, adaptive and innate immune traits, environmental factors, etc. involving oxidative stress, DNA damage and epigenetic modulations. The self-digesting mechanism, autophagy, also plays a twin role in CRC through the participation of LC3/LC3-II, Beclin-1, ATG5, other autophagy proteins, and Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) susceptibility genes. It facilitates the promotion of effective surveillance pathways and stimulates the generation of malignant tumor cells. The autophagy and apoptotic pathways undergo synergistic or antagonistic interactions in CRC and bear a critical association with IBD that results from the pro-neoplastic effects of persistent intestinal inflammation. Conversely, pro-inflammatory factors stimulate tumor growth and angiogenesis and inhibit apoptosis, suppressing anti-tumor activities. CONCLUSION Hence, research attempts for the development of potential therapies for CRC are in progress, primarily based on combinatorial approaches targeting apoptosis, inflammation, and autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Yu
- Department of Radiotherapy, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Miao-Miao Zhang
- Department of Radiotherapy, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Ji-Guang Hou
- Department of Radiotherapy, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
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27
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Ghosh J, Schultz BM, Chan J, Wultsch C, Singh R, Shureiqi I, Chow S, Doymaz A, Varriano S, Driscoll M, Muse J, Kleiman FE, Krampis K, Issa JPJ, Sapienza C. Epigenome-Wide Study Identifies Epigenetic Outliers in Normal Mucosa of Patients with Colorectal Cancer. Cancer Prev Res (Phila) 2022; 15:755-766. [PMID: 36219239 PMCID: PMC9623234 DOI: 10.1158/1940-6207.capr-22-0258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Revised: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Nongenetic predisposition to colorectal cancer continues to be difficult to measure precisely, hampering efforts in targeted prevention and screening. Epigenetic changes in the normal mucosa of patients with colorectal cancer can serve as a tool in predicting colorectal cancer outcomes. We identified epigenetic changes affecting the normal mucosa of patients with colorectal cancer. DNA methylation profiling on normal colon mucosa from 77 patients with colorectal cancer and 68 controls identified a distinct subgroup of normally-appearing mucosa with markedly disrupted DNA methylation at a large number of CpGs, termed as "Outlier Methylation Phenotype" (OMP) and are present in 15 of 77 patients with cancer versus 0 of 68 controls (P < 0.001). Similar findings were also seen in publicly available datasets. Comparison of normal colon mucosa transcription profiles of patients with OMP cancer with those of patients with non-OMP cancer indicates genes whose promoters are hypermethylated in the OMP patients are also transcriptionally downregulated, and that many of the genes most affected are involved in interactions between epithelial cells, the mucus layer, and the microbiome. Analysis of 16S rRNA profiles suggests that normal colon mucosa of OMPs are enriched in bacterial genera associated with colorectal cancer risk, advanced tumor stage, chronic intestinal inflammation, malignant transformation, nosocomial infections, and KRAS mutations. In conclusion, our study identifies an epigenetically distinct OMP group in the normal mucosa of patients with colorectal cancer that is characterized by a disrupted methylome, altered gene expression, and microbial dysbiosis. Prospective studies are needed to determine whether OMP could serve as a biomarker for an elevated epigenetic risk for colorectal cancer development. PREVENTION RELEVANCE Our study identifies an epigenetically distinct OMP group in the normal mucosa of patients with colorectal cancer that is characterized by a disrupted methylome, altered gene expression, and microbial dysbiosis. Identification of OMPs in healthy controls and patients with colorectal cancer will lead to prevention and better prognosis, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jayashri Ghosh
- Fels Cancer Institute for Personalized Medicine, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Bryant M. Schultz
- Fels Cancer Institute for Personalized Medicine, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Joe Chan
- Fels Cancer Institute for Personalized Medicine, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Claudia Wultsch
- Bioinformatics and Computational Genomics Laboratory, Hunter College, City University of New York, New York, New York.,Sackler Institute for Comparative Genomics, American Museum of Natural History, New York, New York
| | - Rajveer Singh
- Bioinformatics and Computational Genomics Laboratory, Hunter College, City University of New York, New York, New York
| | - Imad Shureiqi
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Stephanie Chow
- Nutrition Department, School of Urban Public Health at Hunter College, New York, New York
| | - Ahmet Doymaz
- Department of Chemistry, Hunter College, City University of New York, New York, New York
| | - Sophia Varriano
- The Graduate Center, City University of New York, New York, New York
| | | | - Jennifer Muse
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Frida E. Kleiman
- Department of Chemistry, Hunter College, City University of New York, New York, New York
| | - Konstantinos Krampis
- Bioinformatics and Computational Genomics Laboratory, Hunter College, City University of New York, New York, New York.,Department of Biological Sciences, Hunter College, City University of New York, New York, New York.,Institute of Computational Biomedicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York
| | | | - Carmen Sapienza
- Fels Cancer Institute for Personalized Medicine, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.,Corresponding Author: Carmen Sapienza, Fels Cancer Institute for Personalized Medicine, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, 3307 N. Broad Street, Room 300, Philadelphia, PA 19140. Phone: 215-707-7373; E-mail:
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Wu Z, Zhang S, Li L, Huang Z, Huang D, Hu Y. The gut microbiota modulates responses to anti-PD-1 and chemotherapy combination therapy and related adverse events in patients with advanced solid tumors. Front Oncol 2022; 12:887383. [PMID: 36387171 PMCID: PMC9641019 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.887383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) targeting programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) have been widely used in treating different malignancies. Several studies have reported that the gut microbiota modulates the response and adverse events (AEs) to ICIs in melanoma, non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), renal cell cancer and hepatocellular carcinoma, but data on other cancer types and ICI combination therapy are limited. METHODS Stool samples were collected from patients with cancer who received anti-PD-1 and chemotherapy combination treatment and were analyzed by fecal metagenomic sequencing. The microbiota diversity and composition were compared between the responder (R) and non-responder (NR) groups and the AE vs. the non-AE (NAE) groups. In addition, associated functional genes and metabolic pathways were identified. RESULTS At baseline, the microbiota diversity of the groups was similar, but the genera Parabacteroides, Clostridia bacterium UC5.1_2F7, and Bifidobacterium dentium were enriched in the R group, whereas Bacteroides dorei and 11 species of Nocardia were enriched in the NR group. At 6 weeks, the beta diversity was significantly different between the R and NR groups. Further analysis found that 35 genera, such as Alipes, Parabacteroides, Phascolarctobacterium, Collinsella, Ruminiclostridium, Porphyromonas, and Butyricimonas and several genera of the Fibrobacteraceae family, were frequently distributed in the R group, whereas 17 genera, including Enterococcus, Lachnoclostridium, Hungatella, and Bilophila and several genera of the Pseudonocardiaceae and Beijerinckiaceae families, were more abundant in the NR group. A total of 66 and 52 Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) orthologs (KOs) were significantly enriched in the R and NR groups, respectively. In addition, pathway analysis revealed functional differences in the gut microbacteria in the R group, including the enrichment of anabolic pathways and DNA damage repair (DDR) pathways. Dynamic comparisons of the bacterial composition at baseline, 6 weeks, and 12 weeks showed that the abundance of Weissella significantly increased in the R group at 6 weeks and the abundance of Fusobacterium and Anaerotruncus significantly increased in the NR group at 12 weeks. Linear discriminant analysis effect size analysis indicated that bacteria of Bacteroidetes, especially Bacteroides, were enriched in the NAE group, whereas flora of Firmcutes, such as Faecalibacterium prausnitzii, Bacteroides fragilis, and Ruminococcus lactaris, were enriched in the AE group. CONCLUSION Beta diversity and differences in the gut microbiota modulated AEs and the response to anti-PD-1 blockade combined with chemotherapy, by regulating related anabolic and DDR pathways. Dynamic changes in the intestinal microbiome may predict the efficacy of PD-1 inhibitor-based therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaozhen Wu
- Department of Medical Oncology, the Fifth Medicine Center of Chinese People’s Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital, Beijing, China
- Beijing Chest Hospital, Beijing, China
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Sujie Zhang
- Department of Medical Oncology, the Fifth Medicine Center of Chinese People’s Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Lingling Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, the Fifth Medicine Center of Chinese People’s Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital, Beijing, China
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Ziwei Huang
- Department of Medical Oncology, the Fifth Medicine Center of Chinese People’s Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Di Huang
- Department of Medical Oncology, the Fifth Medicine Center of Chinese People’s Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yi Hu
- Department of Medical Oncology, the Fifth Medicine Center of Chinese People’s Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital, Beijing, China
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
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Beura S, Kundu P, Das AK, Ghosh A. Metagenome-scale community metabolic modelling for understanding the role of gut microbiota in human health. Comput Biol Med 2022; 149:105997. [DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2022.105997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Revised: 07/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Synbiotic Supplementation Modulates Gut Microbiota, Regulates β-Catenin Expression and Prevents Weight Gain in ob/ob Mice: Preliminary Findings. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231810483. [PMID: 36142396 PMCID: PMC9501016 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231810483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Revised: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Obesity is one of the main health problems in the world today, and dysbiosis seems to be one of the factors involved. The aim of this study was to examine the impact of synbiotic supplementation on obesity and the microbiota in ob/ob mice. Twenty animals were divided into four groups: obese treated (OT), obese control (OC), lean treated (LT) and lean control (LC). All animals received a standard diet for 8 weeks. The treated groups received a synbiotic (Simbioflora-Invictus Farmanutrição Ltd., Sao Paulo, Brazil) in water, while the nontreated groups received only water. After 8 weeks, all animals were sacrificed, and gut tissue and stool samples were collected for mRNA isolation and microbiota analysis, respectively. β-Catenin, occludin, cadherin and zonulin in the gut tissue were analyzed via RT-qPCR. Microbiome DNA was extracted from stool samples and sequenced using an Ion PGM Torrent platform. Results: Synbiotic supplementation reduced body weight gain in the OT group compared with the OC group (p = 0.0398) and was associated with an increase in Enterobacteriaceae (p = 0.005) and a decrease in Cyanobacteria (p = 0.047), Clostridiaceae (p = 0.026), Turicibacterales (p = 0.005) and Coprococcus (p = 0.047). On the other hand, a significant reduction in Sutterella (p = 0.009) and Turicibacter (p = 0.005) bacteria was observed in the LT group compared to the LC group. Alpha and beta diversities were different among all treated groups. β-Catenin gene expression was significantly decreased in the gut tissue of the OT group (p ≤ 0.0001) compared to the other groups. No changes were observed in occludin, cadherin or zonulin gene expression in the gut tissue. Conclusions: Synbiotic supplementation prevents excessive weight gain, modulates the gut microbiota, and reduces β-catenin expression in ob/ob mice.
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31
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Rubini E, Schenkelaars N, Rousian M, Sinclair KD, Wekema L, Faas MM, Steegers-Theunissen RPM, Schoenmakers S. Maternal obesity during pregnancy leads to derangements in one-carbon metabolism and the gut microbiota: implications for fetal development and offspring wellbeing. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2022; 227:392-400. [PMID: 35452650 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajog.2022.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Revised: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
A healthy diet before and during pregnancy is beneficial in acquiring essential B vitamins involved in 1-carbon metabolism, and in maintaining a healthy gut microbiota. Each play important roles in fetal development, immune-system remodeling, and pregnancy-nutrient acquisition. Evidence shows that there is a reciprocal interaction between the one-carbon metabolism and the gut microbiota given that dietary intake of B vitamins has been shown to influence the composition of the gut microbiota, and certain gut bacteria also synthesize B vitamins. This reciprocal interaction contributes to the individual's overall availability of B vitamins and, therefore, should be maintained in a healthy state during pregnancy. There is an emerging consensus that obese pregnant women often have derangements in 1-carbon metabolism and gut dysbiosis owing to high intake of nutritiously poor foods and a chronic systemic inflammatory state. For example, low folate and vitamin B12 in obese women coincide with the decreased presence of B vitamin-producing bacteria and increased presence of inflammatory-associated bacteria from approximately mid-pregnancy. These alterations are risk factors for adverse pregnancy outcomes, impaired fetal development, and disruption of fetal growth and microbiota formation, which may lead to potential long-term offspring metabolic and neurologic disorders. Therefore, preconceptional and pregnant obese women may benefit from dietary and lifestyle counseling to improve their dietary nutrient intake, and from monitoring their B vitamin levels and gut microbiome by blood tests and microbiota stool samples. In addition, there is evidence that some probiotic bacteria have folate biosynthetic capacity and could be used to treat gut dysbiosis. Thus, their use as an intervention strategy for obese women holds potential and should be further investigated. Currently, there are many knowledge gaps concerning the relationship between one-carbon metabolism and the gut microbiota, and future research should focus on intervention strategies to counteract B vitamin deficiencies and gut dysbiosis in obese pregnant women, commencing with the use of probiotic and prebiotic supplements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleonora Rubini
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Nicole Schenkelaars
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Melek Rousian
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Kevin D Sinclair
- School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Lieske Wekema
- Division of Medical Biology, Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Marijke M Faas
- Division of Medical Biology, Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | | | - Sam Schoenmakers
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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Fusobacterium nucleatum and Malignant Tumors of the Digestive Tract: A Mechanistic Overview. Bioengineering (Basel) 2022; 9:bioengineering9070285. [PMID: 35877336 PMCID: PMC9312082 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering9070285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Revised: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Fusobacterium nucleatum (F. nucleatum) is an oral anaerobe that plays a role in several oral diseases. However, F. nucleatum is also found in other tissues of the digestive tract, and several studies have recently reported that the level of F. nucleatum is significantly elevated in malignant tumors of the digestive tract. F. nucleatum is proposed as one of the risk factors in the initiation and progression of digestive tract malignant tumors. In this review, we summarize recent reports on F. nucleatum and its role in digestive tract cancers and evaluate the mechanisms underlying the action of F. nucleatum in digestive tract cancers.
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Bi D, Zhu Y, Gao Y, Li H, Zhu X, Wei R, Xie R, Cai C, Wei Q, Qin H. Profiling Fusobacterium infection at high taxonomic resolution reveals lineage-specific correlations in colorectal cancer. Nat Commun 2022; 13:3336. [PMID: 35680952 PMCID: PMC9184491 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-30957-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The bacterial genus Fusobacterium promotes colorectal cancer (CRC) development, but an understanding of its precise composition at the species level in the human gut and the relevant association with CRC is lacking. Herein, we devise a Fusobacterium rpoB amplicon sequencing (FrpoB-seq) method that enables the differentiation of Fusobacterium species and certain subspecies in the microbiota. By applying this method to clinical tissue and faecal samples from CRC patients, we detect 62 Fusobacterium species, including 45 that were previously undescribed. We additionally reveal that Fusobacterium species may display different lineage-dependent functions in CRC. Specifically, a lineage (designated L1) including F. nucleatum, F. hwasookii, F. periodonticum and their relatives (rather than any particular species alone) is overabundant in tumour samples and faeces from CRC patients, whereas a non-enriched lineage (designated L5) represented by F. varium and F. ulcerans in tumours has a positive association with lymphovascular invasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dexi Bi
- Department of Pathology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200072, China.
| | - Yin Zhu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200072, China
| | - Yaohui Gao
- Department of Pathology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200072, China
| | - Hao Li
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200072, China
| | - Xingchen Zhu
- Department of Pathology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200072, China
| | - Rong Wei
- Department of Pathology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200072, China
| | - Ruting Xie
- Department of Pathology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200072, China
| | - Chunmiao Cai
- Department of Pathology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200072, China
| | - Qing Wei
- Department of Pathology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200072, China.
| | - Huanlong Qin
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200072, China.
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Fusobacterium Nucleatum Is a Risk Factor for Metastatic Colorectal Cancer. Curr Med Sci 2022; 42:538-547. [DOI: 10.1007/s11596-022-2597-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Microbiome in cancer: Role in carcinogenesis and impact in therapeutic strategies. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 149:112898. [PMID: 35381448 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.112898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Revised: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is the world's second-leading cause of death, and the involvement of microbes in a range of diseases, including cancer, is well established. The gut microbiota is known to play an important role in the host's health and physiology. The gut microbiota and its metabolites may activate immunological and cellular pathways that kill invading pathogens and initiate a cancer-fighting immune response. Cancer is a multiplex illness, characterized by the persistence of several genetic and physiological anomalies in malignant tissue, complicating disease therapy and control. Humans have coevolved with a complex bacterial, fungal, and viral microbiome over millions of years. Specific long-known epidemiological links between certain bacteria and cancer have recently been grasped at the molecular level. Similarly, advances in next-generation sequencing technology have enabled detailed research of microbiomes, such as the human gut microbiome, allowing for the finding of taxonomic and metabolomic linkages between the microbiome and cancer. These investigations have found causative pathways for both microorganisms within tumors and bacteria in various host habitats far from tumors using direct and immunological procedures. Anticancer diagnostic and therapeutic solutions could be developed using this review to tackle the threat of anti-cancer medication resistance as well through the wide-ranging involvement of the microbiota in regulating host metabolic and immunological homeostasis. We reviewed the significance of gut microbiota in cancer initiation as well as cancer prevention. We look at certain microorganisms that may play a role in the development of cancer. Several bacteria with probiotic qualities may be employed as bio-therapeutic agents to re-establish the microbial population and trigger a strong immune response to remove malignancies, and further study into this should be conducted.
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Rana D, Salave S, Perla A, Nadkarni A, Kohle S, Jindal AB, Mandoli A, Dwivedi P, Benival D. Bugs as Drugs: Understanding the Linkage between Gut Microbiota and Cancer Treatment Microbiome in Cancer Therapy. Curr Drug Targets 2022; 23:869-888. [PMID: 35264088 DOI: 10.2174/1389450123666220309101345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Revised: 01/03/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The commensal microbiota is known to regulate host physiology. Dysbiosis or compromised Resilience in the microbial ecology is related to the impending risk of cancer. A potential link between cancer and microbiota is indicated by a lot of evidence. OBJECTIVE The current review explores in detail the various links leading to and /or facilitating oncogenesis, providing sound reasoning or a basis for its utilization as potential therapeutic targets. The present review emphasizes the existing knowledge of the microbiome in cancer and further elaborates on the factors like genetic modifications, effects of dietary components, and environmental agents that are considered to assess the direct and indirect effect of microbes in the process of oncogenesis and on the host's health. Strategies modulating the microbiome and novel biotherapeutics are also discussed. Pharmacomicrobiomics is one such niche accounting for the interplay between the microbiome, xenobiotic, and host responses is also looked upon. METHODS The literature search strategy for this review was conducted by following the methodology of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA). The method includes the collection of data from different search engines like PubMed, ScienceDirect, SciFinder etc. to get coverage of relevant literature for accumulating appropriate information regarding microbiome, cancer, and their linkages. RESULTS These considerations are made to expand the existing literature on the role of gut microbiota on the host's health, the interaction between host and microbiota, and the reciprocal relationship between the microbiome and modified neoplastic cells. CONCLUSION Potential therapeutic implications of cancer microbiomes that are yet unexplored and have rich therapeutic dividends improving human health are discussed in detail in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dhwani Rana
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research-Ahmedabad (NIPER-A), 382355, India
| | - Sagar Salave
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research-Ahmedabad (NIPER-A), 382355, India
| | - Akhil Perla
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research-Ahmedabad (NIPER-A), 382355, India
| | - Akanksha Nadkarni
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research-Ahmedabad (NIPER-A), 382355, India
| | - Shital Kohle
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research-Ahmedabad (NIPER-A), 382355, India
| | - Anil B Jindal
- Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science Pilani (BITS PILANI), Pilani Campus, Rajasthan, 333031, India
| | - Amit Mandoli
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research-Ahmedabad (NIPER-A), 382355, India
| | - Pradeep Dwivedi
- Department of Pharmacology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences- Jodhpur (AIIMS), 342005, India
| | - Derajram Benival
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research-Ahmedabad (NIPER-A), 382355, India
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37
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Gao Y, Zhu Z, Sun F. Increasing prediction performance of colorectal cancer disease status using random forests classification based on metagenomic shotgun sequencing data. Synth Syst Biotechnol 2022; 7:574-585. [PMID: 35155839 PMCID: PMC8801753 DOI: 10.1016/j.synbio.2022.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Revised: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Dysfunction of microbial communities in various human body sites has been shown to be associated with a variety of diseases raising the possibility of predicting diseases based on metagenomic samples. Although many studies have investigated this problem, there are no consensus on the optimal approaches for predicting disease status based on metagenomic samples. Using six human gut metagenomic datasets consisting of large numbers of colorectal cancer patients and healthy controls from different countries, we investigated different software packages for extracting relative abundances of known microbial genomes and for integrating mapping and assembly approaches to obtain the relative abundance profiles of both known and novel genomes. The random forests (RF) classification algorithm was then used to predict colorectal cancer status based on the microbial relative abundance profiles. Based on within data cross-validation and cross-dataset prediction, we show that the RF prediction performance using the microbial relative abundance profiles estimated by Centrifuge is generally higher than that using the microbial relative abundance profiles estimated by MetaPhlAn2 and Bracken. We also develop a novel method to integrate the relative abundance profiles of both known and novel microbial organisms to further increase the prediction performance for colorectal cancer from metagenomes.
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38
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Ahmad Kendong SM, Raja Ali RA, Nawawi KNM, Ahmad HF, Mokhtar NM. Gut Dysbiosis and Intestinal Barrier Dysfunction: Potential Explanation for Early-Onset Colorectal Cancer. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2021; 11:744606. [PMID: 34966694 PMCID: PMC8710575 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2021.744606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a heterogeneous disease that commonly affects individuals aged more than 50 years old globally. Regular colorectal screening, which is recommended for individuals aged 50 and above, has decreased the number of cancer death toll over the years. However, CRC incidence has increased among younger population (below 50 years old). Environmental factors, such as smoking, dietary factor, urbanization, sedentary lifestyle, and obesity, may contribute to the rising trend of early-onset colorectal cancer (EOCRC) because of the lack of genetic susceptibility. Research has focused on the role of gut microbiota and its interaction with epithelial barrier genes in sporadic CRC. Population with increased consumption of grain and vegetables showed high abundance of Prevotella, which reduces the risk of CRC. Microbes, such as Fusobacterium nucleatum, Bacteroides fragilis and Escherichia coli deteriorate in the intestinal barrier, which leads to the infiltration of inflammatory mediators and chemokines. Gut dysbiosis may also occur following inflammation as clearly observed in animal model. Both gut dysbiosis pre- or post-inflammatory process may cause major alteration in the morphology and functional properties of the gut tissue and explain the pathological outcome of EOCRC. The precise mechanism of disease progression from an early stage until cancer establishment is not fully understood. We hypothesized that gut dysbiosis, which may be influenced by environmental factors, may induce changes in the genome, metabolome, and immunome that could destruct the intestinal barrier function. Also, the possible underlying inflammation may give impact microbial community leading to disruption of physical and functional role of intestinal barrier. This review explains the potential role of the interaction among host factors, gut microenvironment, and gut microbiota, which may provide an answer to EOCRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siti Maryam Ahmad Kendong
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.,Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, Sarawak, Malaysia
| | - Raja Affendi Raja Ali
- Gastroenterology Unit, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.,GUT Research Group, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Khairul Najmi Muhammad Nawawi
- Gastroenterology Unit, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.,GUT Research Group, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Hajar Fauzan Ahmad
- Department of Industrial Biotechnology, Faculty of Industrial Sciences and Technology, Universiti Malaysia Pahang, Gambang, Malaysia.,Center for Research in Advanced Tropical Bioscience, Universiti Malaysia Pahang, Gambang, Malaysia
| | - Norfilza Mohd Mokhtar
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.,GUT Research Group, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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39
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Davoodvandi A, Fallahi F, Tamtaji OR, Tajiknia V, Banikazemi Z, Fathizadeh H, Abbasi-Kolli M, Aschner M, Ghandali M, Sahebkar A, Taghizadeh M, Mirzaei H. An Update on the Effects of Probiotics on Gastrointestinal Cancers. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:680400. [PMID: 34992527 PMCID: PMC8724544 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.680400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Because of their increasing prevalence, gastrointestinal (GI) cancers are regarded as an important global health challenge. Microorganisms residing in the human GI tract, termed gut microbiota, encompass a large number of living organisms. The role of the gut in the regulation of the gut-mediated immune responses, metabolism, absorption of micro- and macro-nutrients and essential vitamins, and short-chain fatty acid production, and resistance to pathogens has been extensively investigated. In the past few decades, it has been shown that microbiota imbalance is associated with the susceptibility to various chronic disorders, such as obesity, irritable bowel syndrome, inflammatory bowel disease, asthma, rheumatoid arthritis, psychiatric disorders, and various types of cancer. Emerging evidence has shown that oral administration of various strains of probiotics can protect against cancer development. Furthermore, clinical investigations suggest that probiotic administration in cancer patients decreases the incidence of postoperative inflammation. The present review addresses the efficacy and underlying mechanisms of action of probiotics against GI cancers. The safety of the most commercial probiotic strains has been confirmed, and therefore these strains can be used as adjuvant or neo-adjuvant treatments for cancer prevention and improving the efficacy of therapeutic strategies. Nevertheless, well-designed clinical studies are still needed for a better understanding of the properties and mechanisms of action of probiotic strains in mitigating GI cancer development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amirhossein Davoodvandi
- Student Research Committee, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
- Network of Immunity in Infection, Malignancy and Autoimmunity (NIIMA), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
| | - Farzaneh Fallahi
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Omid Reza Tamtaji
- Students’ Scientific Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Vida Tajiknia
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zarrin Banikazemi
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Hadis Fathizadeh
- Department of Laboratory Sciences, Sirjan Faculty of Medicine Sciences, Sirjan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Abbasi-Kolli
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Michael Aschner
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, United States
| | - Maryam Ghandali
- School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mohsen Taghizadeh
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Hamed Mirzaei
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
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40
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Pei B, Zhang Z, Sun J, Qi X, Cui Q, de Yan Y, Wang X, Yang M, Song C, Yin L, Wu J, Geng Z, Wang YB, Lu Y. Functionalized Ferroferric Oxide Nanomagnetic Beads for Extraction of Nucleic Acid and Its Application in Early Screening of Colorectal Cancer. JOURNAL OF HEALTHCARE ENGINEERING 2021; 2021:5230666. [PMID: 34900193 PMCID: PMC8654521 DOI: 10.1155/2021/5230666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Revised: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Early screening is an important way to reduce the incidence and mortality of colorectal cancer (CRC). Fecal DNA testing stands out among many screening methods due to its high sensitivity. However, at this stage, researchers have not found a high-efficiency method for fecal DNA extraction. To this end, this work carried out a new round of exploration. Here, this experiment synthesized a kind of nanomagnetic beads (NH2-SiO2@Fe3O4) with good stability for nucleic acid extraction. A comparative study with the centrifugal adsorption column method revealed the significant advantages of the magnetic bead method in extracting fecal DNA. The DNA extracted by the magnetic bead method is of high purity, can also achieve high-throughput tests, and is more suitable for polymerase chain reaction detection, greatly simplifying the stool DNA detection process and providing a basis for the widespread promotion of early screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Pei
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Suqian First People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suqian 223800, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhenjiang Zhang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Affiliated Suqian First People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suqian 223800, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jian Sun
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Suqian First People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suqian 223800, Jiangsu, China
| | - xiaoYan Qi
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Suqian First People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suqian 223800, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qian Cui
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Suqian First People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suqian 223800, Jiangsu, China
| | - you de Yan
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Affiliated Suqian First People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suqian 223800, Jiangsu, China
| | - xiaoYan Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Suqian First People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suqian 223800, Jiangsu, China
| | - Miaomiao Yang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Suqian First People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suqian 223800, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chunjie Song
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Suqian First People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suqian 223800, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lingsi Yin
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Suqian First People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suqian 223800, Jiangsu, China
| | - Juan Wu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Suqian First People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suqian 223800, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhixin Geng
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Suqian First People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suqian 223800, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yue Bang Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Suqian First People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suqian 223800, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yi Lu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Suqian First People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suqian 223800, Jiangsu, China
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41
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Hertel J, Heinken A, Martinelli F, Thiele I. Integration of constraint-based modeling with fecal metabolomics reveals large deleterious effects of Fusobacterium spp. on community butyrate production. Gut Microbes 2021; 13:1-23. [PMID: 34057024 PMCID: PMC8168482 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2021.1915673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Characterizing the metabolic functions of the gut microbiome in health and disease is pivotal for translating alterations in microbial composition into clinical insights. Two major analysis paradigms have been used to explore the metabolic functions of the microbiome but not systematically integrated with each other: statistical screening approaches, such as metabolome-microbiome association studies, and computational approaches, such as constraint-based metabolic modeling. To combine the strengths of the two analysis paradigms, we herein introduce a set of theoretical concepts allowing for the population statistical treatment of constraint-based microbial community models. To demonstrate the utility of the theoretical framework, we applied it to a public metagenomic dataset consisting of 365 colorectal cancer (CRC) cases and 251 healthy controls, shining a light on the metabolic role of Fusobacterium spp. in CRC. We found that (1) glutarate production capability was significantly enriched in CRC microbiomes and mechanistically linked to lysine fermentation in Fusobacterium spp., (2) acetate and butyrate production potentials were lowered in CRC, and (3) Fusobacterium spp. presence had large negative ecological effects on community butyrate production in CRC cases and healthy controls. Validating the model predictions against fecal metabolomics, the in silico frameworks correctly predicted in vivo species metabolite correlations with high accuracy. In conclusion, highlighting the value of combining statistical association studies with in silico modeling, this study provides insights into the metabolic role of Fusobacterium spp. in the gut, while providing a proof of concept for the validity of constraint-based microbial community modeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes Hertel
- School of Medicine, National University of Galway, Galway, Ireland,Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medicine, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Almut Heinken
- School of Medicine, National University of Galway, Galway, Ireland,Ryan Institute, National University of Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Filippo Martinelli
- School of Medicine, National University of Galway, Galway, Ireland,Ryan Institute, National University of Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Ines Thiele
- School of Medicine, National University of Galway, Galway, Ireland,Ryan Institute, National University of Galway, Galway, Ireland,Discipline of Microbiology, National University of Galway, Galway, Ireland,APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland,CONTACT Ines Thiele School of Medicine, National University of Galway, Galway, Ireland
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42
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Torralba MG, Aleti G, Li W, Moncera KJ, Lin YH, Yu Y, Masternak MM, Golusinski W, Golusinski P, Lamperska K, Edlund A, Freire M, Nelson KE. Oral Microbial Species and Virulence Factors Associated with Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma. MICROBIAL ECOLOGY 2021; 82:1030-1046. [PMID: 33155101 PMCID: PMC8551143 DOI: 10.1007/s00248-020-01596-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2019] [Accepted: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
The human microbiome has been the focus of numerous research efforts to elucidate the pathogenesis of human diseases including cancer. Oral cancer mortality is high when compared with other cancers, as diagnosis often occurs during late stages. Its prevalence has increased in the USA over the past decade and accounts for over 40,000 new cancer patients each year. Additionally, oral cancer pathogenesis is not fully understood and is likely multifactorial. To unravel the relationships that are associated with the oral microbiome and their virulence factors, we used 16S rDNA and metagenomic sequencing to characterize the microbial composition and functional content in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) tumor tissue, non-tumor tissue, and saliva from 18 OSCC patients. Results indicate a higher number of bacteria belonging to the Fusobacteria, Bacteroidetes, and Firmicutes phyla associated with tumor tissue when compared with all other sample types. Additionally, saliva metaproteomics revealed a significant increase of Prevotella in five OSCC subjects, while Corynebacterium was mostly associated with ten healthy subjects. Lastly, we determined that there are adhesion and virulence factors associated with Streptococcus gordonii as well as from known oral pathogens belonging to the Fusobacterium genera found mostly in OSCC tissues. From these results, we propose that not only will the methods utilized in this study drastically improve OSCC diagnostics, but the organisms and specific virulence factors from the phyla detected in tumor tissue may be excellent biomarkers for characterizing disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manolito G Torralba
- Department of Genomic Medicine, J. Craig Venter Institute, 4120 Capricorn Lane, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA.
| | - Gajender Aleti
- Department of Genomic Medicine, J. Craig Venter Institute, 4120 Capricorn Lane, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Weizhong Li
- Department of Genomic Medicine, J. Craig Venter Institute, 4120 Capricorn Lane, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Kelvin Jens Moncera
- Department of Genomic Medicine, J. Craig Venter Institute, 4120 Capricorn Lane, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Yi-Han Lin
- Department of Genomic Medicine, J. Craig Venter Institute, 4120 Capricorn Lane, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Yanbao Yu
- Department of Genomic Medicine, J. Craig Venter Institute, 9605 Medical Center Drive Suite 150, Rockville, MD, 20850, USA
| | - Michal M Masternak
- Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, 6900 Lake Nona Blvd, Central Florida Blvd, Orlando, FL, 32827, USA
| | - Wojciech Golusinski
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, The Greater Poland Cancer Centre, Garbary 15, 61-866, Poznan, Poland
| | - Pawel Golusinski
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, The Greater Poland Cancer Centre, Garbary 15, 61-866, Poznan, Poland
- Department of Otolaryngology and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Zielona Gora, Podgórna 50, 65-246, Zielona Góra, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Lamperska
- Laboratory of Cancer Genetics, Greater Poland Cancer Centre, 15th Garbary Street, room 5025, 61-866, Poznan, Poland
| | - Anna Edlund
- Department of Genomic Medicine, J. Craig Venter Institute, 4120 Capricorn Lane, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Marcelo Freire
- Department of Genomic Medicine, J. Craig Venter Institute, 4120 Capricorn Lane, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Karen E Nelson
- Department of Genomic Medicine, J. Craig Venter Institute, 4120 Capricorn Lane, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
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43
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Stokowa-Sołtys K, Wojtkowiak K, Jagiełło K. Fusobacterium nucleatum - Friend or foe? J Inorg Biochem 2021; 224:111586. [PMID: 34425476 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2021.111586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Revised: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 08/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Fusobacterium nucleatum (F. nucleatum) is one of the most abundant Gram-negative anaerobic bacteria, part of the gut, and oral commensal flora, generally found in human dental plaque. Its presence could be associated with various human diseases, including, e.g., periodontal, angina, lung and gynecological abscesses. This bacteria can enter the blood circulation as a result of periodontal infection. It was proven that F. nucleatum migrates from its primary site of colonization in the oral cavity to other parts of the body. It could cause numerous diseases, including cancers. On the other hand, it was shown that Fusobacterium produces significant amounts of butyric acid, which is a great source of energy for colonocytes (anti-inflammatory cells). Therefore, it is very interesting to get to know the two faces of F. nucleatum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamila Stokowa-Sołtys
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Wroclaw, F. Joliot-Curie 14, 50-383 Wroclaw, Poland.
| | - Kamil Wojtkowiak
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Wroclaw, F. Joliot-Curie 14, 50-383 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Karolina Jagiełło
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Wroclaw, F. Joliot-Curie 14, 50-383 Wroclaw, Poland
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44
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Hatta MNA, Mohamad Hanif EA, Chin SF, Neoh HM. Pathogens and Carcinogenesis: A Review. BIOLOGY 2021; 10:533. [PMID: 34203649 PMCID: PMC8232153 DOI: 10.3390/biology10060533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Revised: 05/30/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Cancer is a global health problem associated with genetics and unhealthy lifestyles. Increasingly, pathogenic infections have also been identified as contributors to human cancer initiation and progression. Most pathogens (bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites) associated with human cancers are categorized as Group I human carcinogens by the International Agency for Research on Cancer, IARC. These pathogens cause carcinogenesis via three known mechanisms: persistent infection that cause inflammation and DNA damage, initiation of oncogene expression, and immunosuppression activity of the host. In this review, we discuss the carcinogenesis mechanism of ten pathogens, their implications, and some future considerations for better management of the disease. The pathogens and cancers described are Helicobacter pylori (gastric cancer), Epstein-Barr virus (gastric cancer and lymphoma), Hepatitis B and C viruses (liver cancer), Aspergillus spp. (liver cancer), Opisthorchis viverrine (bile duct cancer), Clonorchis sinensis (bile duct cancer), Fusobacterium nucleatum (colorectal cancer), Schistosoma haematobium (bladder cancer); Human Papillomavirus (cervical cancer), and Kaposi's Sarcoma Herpes Virus (Kaposi's sarcoma).
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Hui-min Neoh
- UKM Medical Molecular Biology Institute (UMBI), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Ya’acob Latiff, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia; (M.N.A.H.); (E.A.M.H.); (S.-F.C.)
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45
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Gaiani F, Marchesi F, Negri F, Greco L, Malesci A, de’Angelis GL, Laghi L. Heterogeneity of Colorectal Cancer Progression: Molecular Gas and Brakes. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22105246. [PMID: 34063506 PMCID: PMC8156342 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22105246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Revised: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The review begins with molecular genetics, which hit the field unveiling the involvement of oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes in the pathogenesis of colorectal cancer (CRC) and uncovering genetic predispositions. Then the notion of molecular phenotypes with different clinical behaviors was introduced and translated in the clinical arena, paving the way to next-generation sequencing that captured previously unrecognized heterogeneity. Among other molecular regulators of CRC progression, the extent of host immune response within the tumor micro-environment has a critical position. Translational sciences deeply investigated the field, accelerating the pace toward clinical transition, due to its strong association with outcomes. While the perturbation of gut homeostasis occurring in inflammatory bowel diseases can fuel carcinogenesis, micronutrients like vitamin D and calcium can act as brakes, and we discuss underlying molecular mechanisms. Among the components of gut microbiota, Fusobacterium nucleatum is over-represented in CRC, and may worsen patient outcome. However, any translational knowledge tracing the multifaceted evolution of CRC should be interpreted according to the prognostic and predictive frame of the TNM-staging system in a perspective of clinical actionability. Eventually, we examine challenges and promises of pharmacological interventions aimed to restrain disease progression at different disease stages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Gaiani
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, 43126 Parma, Italy; (F.G.); (G.L.d.)
- Gastroenterology and Endoscopy Unit, University-Hospital of Parma, via Gramsci 14, 43126 Parma, Italy
| | - Federica Marchesi
- IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, via Manzoni 56, 20089 Rozzano, Italy; (F.M.); (A.M.)
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Francesca Negri
- Medical Oncology Unit, University Hospital of Parma, 43126 Parma, Italy;
| | - Luana Greco
- Laboratory of Molecular Gastroenterology, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, via Manzoni 56, 20089 Rozzano, Italy;
| | - Alberto Malesci
- IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, via Manzoni 56, 20089 Rozzano, Italy; (F.M.); (A.M.)
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Via Rita Levi Montalcini 4, 20072 Pieve Emanuele, Italy
| | - Gian Luigi de’Angelis
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, 43126 Parma, Italy; (F.G.); (G.L.d.)
- Gastroenterology and Endoscopy Unit, University-Hospital of Parma, via Gramsci 14, 43126 Parma, Italy
| | - Luigi Laghi
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, 43126 Parma, Italy; (F.G.); (G.L.d.)
- Laboratory of Molecular Gastroenterology, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, via Manzoni 56, 20089 Rozzano, Italy;
- Correspondence:
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46
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Asija K, Sutter M, Kerfeld CA. A Survey of Bacterial Microcompartment Distribution in the Human Microbiome. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:669024. [PMID: 34054778 PMCID: PMC8156839 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.669024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Bacterial microcompartments (BMCs) are protein-based organelles that expand the metabolic potential of many bacteria by sequestering segments of enzymatic pathways in a selectively permeable protein shell. Sixty-eight different types/subtypes of BMCs have been bioinformatically identified based on the encapsulated enzymes and shell proteins encoded in genomic loci. BMCs are found across bacterial phyla. The organisms that contain them, rather than strictly correlating with specific lineages, tend to reflect the metabolic landscape of the environmental niches they occupy. From our recent comprehensive bioinformatic survey of BMCs found in genome sequence data, we find many in members of the human microbiome. Here we survey the distribution of BMCs in the different biotopes of the human body. Given their amenability to be horizontally transferred and bioengineered they hold promise as metabolic modules that could be used to probiotically alter microbiomes or treat dysbiosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kunica Asija
- Environmental Genomics and Systems Biology Division, Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, United States
| | - Markus Sutter
- Environmental Genomics and Systems Biology Division, Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, United States
- Michigan State University-U.S. Department of Energy (MSU-DOE) Plant Research Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
| | - Cheryl A. Kerfeld
- Environmental Genomics and Systems Biology Division, Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, United States
- Michigan State University-U.S. Department of Energy (MSU-DOE) Plant Research Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
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Sobolewska A, Dunisławska A, Stadnicka K. Natural substances in cancer—do they work? PHYSICAL SCIENCES REVIEWS 2021. [DOI: 10.1515/psr-2019-0060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Owing to anticancer properties of selected natural substances, it is assumed that they have potential to be used in oncological therapy. Here, the recently proven effects of the selected natural polyphenols, resveratrol and curcumin, are described. Secondly, the potential of probiotics and prebiotics in modulation of immunological response and/or enhancing the chemotherapeutic treatments is reported based on the recent clinical trials. Further, the chapter presents current knowledge regarding the targeted supplementation of the patient with probiotic bacteria and known efficacy of probiotics to support immunotherapy. The major clinical trials are listed, aiming to verify whether, and to which extent the manipulation of patient’s microbiome can improve the outcome of chemotherapies. In the end, a potential of natural substances and feed ingredients to pose epigenetic changes is highlighted. The chapter provides an insight into the scientific proofs about natural bioactive substances in relation to cancer treatment, leaded by the question – do they really work?
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrianna Sobolewska
- Department of Anatomy , Faculty of Medicine, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz , Bydgoszcz , Kujawsko-Pomorskie , Poland
| | - Aleksandra Dunisławska
- Department of Animal Biotechnology and Genetics , Faculty of Animal Breeding and Biology, UTP University of Science and Technology , Bydgoszcz , Kujawsko-Pomorskie , Poland
| | - Katarzyna Stadnicka
- Department of Animal Biotechnology and Genetics , Faculty of Animal Breeding and Biology, UTP University of Science and Technology , Bydgoszcz , Kujawsko-Pomorskie , Poland
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Ferrari A, Neefs I, Hoeck S, Peeters M, Van Hal G. Towards Novel Non-Invasive Colorectal Cancer Screening Methods: A Comprehensive Review. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:1820. [PMID: 33920293 PMCID: PMC8070308 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13081820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Revised: 04/07/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the leading cancer-related causes of death in the world. Since the 70s, many countries have adopted different CRC screening programs, which has resulted in a decrease in mortality. However, current screening test options still present downsides. The commercialized stool-based tests present high false-positive rates and low sensitivity, which negatively affects the detection of early stage carcinogenesis. The gold standard colonoscopy has low uptake due to its invasiveness and the perception of discomfort and embarrassment that the procedure may bring. In this review, we collected and described the latest data about alternative CRC screening techniques that can overcome these disadvantages. Web of Science and PubMed were employed as search engines for studies reporting on CRC screening tests and future perspectives. The searches generated 555 articles, of which 93 titles were selected. Finally, a total of 50 studies, describing 14 different CRC alternative tests, were included. Among the investigated techniques, the main feature that could have an impact on CRC screening perception and uptake was the ease of sample collection. Urine, exhaled breath, and blood-based tests promise to achieve good diagnostic performance (sensitivity of 63-100%, 90-95%, and 47-97%, respectively) while minimizing stress and discomfort for the patient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allegra Ferrari
- Social Epidemiology and Health Policy, University of Antwerp, 2610 Antwerpen, Belgium; (S.H.); (G.V.H.)
| | - Isabelle Neefs
- Center for Oncological Research (CORE), University of Antwerp and Antwerp University Hospital, 2610 Antwerpen, Belgium; (I.N.); (M.P.)
- Center of Medical Genetics, University of Antwerp and Antwerp University Hospital, 2610 Antwerpen, Belgium
| | - Sarah Hoeck
- Social Epidemiology and Health Policy, University of Antwerp, 2610 Antwerpen, Belgium; (S.H.); (G.V.H.)
- Center for Cancer Detection, 8000 Bruges, Belgium
| | - Marc Peeters
- Center for Oncological Research (CORE), University of Antwerp and Antwerp University Hospital, 2610 Antwerpen, Belgium; (I.N.); (M.P.)
- Department of Oncology, Antwerp University Hospital (UZA), 2650 Edegem, Belgium
| | - Guido Van Hal
- Social Epidemiology and Health Policy, University of Antwerp, 2610 Antwerpen, Belgium; (S.H.); (G.V.H.)
- Center for Cancer Detection, 8000 Bruges, Belgium
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The dysbiosis signature of Fusobacterium nucleatum in colorectal cancer-cause or consequences? A systematic review. Cancer Cell Int 2021; 21:194. [PMID: 33823861 PMCID: PMC8025348 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-021-01886-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cause of cancer globally and the fourth attributable cause of mortality and morbidity due to cancer. An emerging factor contributing to CRC is the gut microbiota and the cellular changes associated with it. Further insights on this may help in the prevention, diagnosis and new therapeutic approaches to colorectal cancer. In most cases of CRC, genetic factors appear to contribute less to its aetiology than environmental and epigenetic factors; therefore, it may be important to investigate these environmental factors, their effects, and the mechanisms that may contribute to this cancer. The gut microbiota has recently been highlighted as a potential risk factor that may affect the structural components of the tumor microenvironment, as well as free radical and enzymatic metabolites directly, or indirectly. Many studies have reported changes in the gut microbiota of patients with colorectal cancer. What is controversial is whether the cancer is the cause or consequence of the change in the microbiota. There is strong evidence supporting both possibilities. The presence of Fusobacterium nucleatum in human colorectal specimens has been demonstrated by RNA-sequencing. F. nucleatum has been shown to express high levels of virulence factors such as FadA, Fap2 and MORN2 proteins. Our review of the published data suggest that F. nucleatum may be a prognostic biomarker of CRC risk, and hence raises the potential of antibiotic treatment of F. nucleatum for the prevention of CRC.
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Johns MS, Petrelli NJ. Microbiome and colorectal cancer: A review of the past, present, and future. Surg Oncol 2021; 37:101560. [PMID: 33848761 DOI: 10.1016/j.suronc.2021.101560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2020] [Revised: 11/22/2020] [Accepted: 03/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The gastrointestinal tract is home to diverse and abundant microorganisms, collectively referred to as the microbiome. This ecosystem typically contains trillions of microbial cells that play an important role in regulation of human health. The microbiome has been implicated in host immunity, nutrient absorption, digestion, and metabolism. In recent years, researchers have shown that alteration of the microbiome is associated with disease development, such as obesity, inflammatory bowel disease, and cancer. This review discusses the five decades of research into the human microbiome and the development of colorectal cancer - the historical context including experiments that sparked interest, the explosion of research that has occurred in the last decade, and finally the future of testing and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael S Johns
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Helen F. Graham Cancer Center, ChristianaCare, Newark, DE, USA.
| | - Nicholas J Petrelli
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Helen F. Graham Cancer Center, ChristianaCare, Newark, DE, USA
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