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Liu Z, Liu W, Han M, Wang M, Li Y, Yao Y, Duan Y. A comprehensive review of natural product-derived compounds acting on P2X7R: The promising therapeutic drugs in disorders. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 128:155334. [PMID: 38554573 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2023.155334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/30/2023] [Indexed: 04/01/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The P2X7 receptor (P2X7R) is known to play a significant role in regulating various pathological processes associated with immune regulation, neuroprotection, and inflammatory responses. It has emerged as a potential target for the treatment of diseases. In addition to chemically synthesized small molecule compounds, natural products have gained attention as an important source for discovering compounds that act on the P2X7R. PURPOSE To explore the research progress made in the field of natural product-derived compounds that act on the P2X7R. METHODS The methods employed in this review involved conducting a thorough search of databases, include PubMed, Web of Science and WIKTROP, to identify studies on natural product-derived compounds that interact with P2X7R. The selected studies were then analyzed to categorize the compounds based on their action on the receptor and to evaluate their therapeutic applications, chemical properties, and pharmacological actions. RESULTS The natural product-derived compounds acting on P2X7R can be classified into three categories: P2X7R antagonists, compounds inhibiting P2X7R expression, and compounds regulating the signaling pathway associated with P2X7R. Moreover, highlight the therapeutic applications, chemical properties and pharmacological actions of these compounds, and indicate areas that require further in-depth study. Finally, discuss the challenges of the natural products-derived compounds exploration, although utilizing compounds from natural products for new drug research offers unique advantages, problems related to solubility, content, and extraction processes still exist. CONCLUSION The detailed information in this review will facilitate further development of P2X7R antagonists and potential therapeutic strategies for P2X7R-associated disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenling Liu
- Children's Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450018, China
| | - Wenjin Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Mengyao Han
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Mingzhu Wang
- Children's Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450018, China
| | - Yinchao Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China.
| | - Yongfang Yao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China; Pingyuan Laboratory (Zhengzhou University), Zhengzhou 450001, China; Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Ministry of Education, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China.
| | - Yongtao Duan
- Children's Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450018, China; Henan International Joint Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Pediatric Diseases, Children's Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450018, China; Henan Neurodevelopment Engineering Research Center for Children, Children's Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450018, China.
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Tao X, Pan X, Zhao G, Xue M, Rui Y. Dihydromyricetin regulates KEAP1-Nrf2 pathways to enhance the survival of ischemic flap. Food Sci Nutr 2024; 12:3893-3909. [PMID: 38873488 PMCID: PMC11167164 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.4049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024] Open
Abstract
In clinical flap practice, there are a lot of studies being done on how to promote the survival of distal random flap necrosis in the hypoxic and ischemic state. As a traditional Chinese medicine, dihydromyricetin (DHM) is crucial in preventing oxidative stress and apoptosis in a number of disorders. In this work, we examined the impact of DHM on the ability to survive of ischemia flaps and looked into its fundamental mechanism. Our results showed that DHM significantly increased the ischemic flaps' survival area, encouraged angiogenesis and blood flow, reduced oxidative stress and apoptosis, and stimulated KEAP1-Nrf2 (Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1-nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor) signaling pathways. Adeno-associated virus (AAV) upregulation of KEAP1 expression also negated the favorable effects of DHM on flap survival. By activating KEAP1-Nrf2 signaling pathways, DHM therapy promotes angiogenesis while reducing oxidative stress and apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianyao Tao
- Suzhou Medical College of Soochow UniversitySuzhouJiangsuChina
- Department of Hand SurgeryWuxi Ninth People's Hospital Affiliated to Soochow UniversityWuxiJiangsuChina
| | - Xiaoyun Pan
- Department of Hand SurgeryWuxi Ninth People's Hospital Affiliated to Soochow UniversityWuxiJiangsuChina
| | - Gang Zhao
- Department of Hand SurgeryWuxi Ninth People's Hospital Affiliated to Soochow UniversityWuxiJiangsuChina
| | - Mingyu Xue
- Department of Hand SurgeryWuxi Ninth People's Hospital Affiliated to Soochow UniversityWuxiJiangsuChina
| | - Yongjun Rui
- Department of Hand SurgeryWuxi Ninth People's Hospital Affiliated to Soochow UniversityWuxiJiangsuChina
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Wang X, Li X, Ma X, Zhang L, Han T, Zhang D. Dihydromyricetin alleviates inflammatory bowel disease associated intestinal fibrosis by inducing autophagy through the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2024; 397:4183-4194. [PMID: 38041777 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-023-02856-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023]
Abstract
Intestinal fibrosis is a common complication of inflammatory bowel disease and is characterized by tissue stiffening and luminal narrowing. Dihydromyricetin (DHM) can alleviate liver fibrosis and renal interstitial fibrosis by inducing autophagy. However, whether DHM can alleviate intestinal fibrosis remains unclear. This study is aimed at evaluating the role and mechanism of action of DHM in inflammatory bowel disease-associated intestinal fibrosis. Mice were administered dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) in drinking water to induce inflammatory bowel disease-associated intestinal fibrosis. HE staining, qPCR, and Western blotting were used to analyze colon inflammation. Masson's trichrome staining, qPCR, Western blotting, and immunofluorescence staining were used to evaluate the severity of fibrosis. Transmission electron microscopy and Western blotting were used to assess the activation of autophagosomes. The human colonic fibroblast line CCD-18Co was cultured in the presence of TGF-β1 to develop a fibrotic phenotype. Immunofluorescence staining, Western blotting, and qPCR were used to assess the alteration of fibrosis markers and used to investigate whether DHM-induced autophagy was involved in the inactivation of CCD-18Co cells. Additionally, the role of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway was investigated. DHM alleviated intestinal inflammation and inhibited the progression of intestinal fibrosis. Additionally, DHM induced the activation of autophagy, thereby alleviating intestinal fibrosis, and downregulated the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway in vitro. Overall, this study demonstrated that DHM can inhibit the progression of intestinal fibrosis and activation of colonic fibroblasts by inducing autophagy through the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway, thereby playing a preventive and therapeutic role in intestinal fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- XiaoChun Wang
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - XiaoLi Li
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - XueNi Ma
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - LuDan Zhang
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - TiYun Han
- Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - DeKui Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, 730000, China.
- Department of Gastroenterology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, 730000, China.
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Wang ZN, Ma JC, Xi MF, Yin D, Jiang LF, Qi J. Effects of Nanoparticle-Mediated Dihydromyricetin to Diabetic Wounds: An In Vivo Study. J Burn Care Res 2024; 45:644-654. [PMID: 38236154 DOI: 10.1093/jbcr/irae003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
Diabetic wound is one of the serious complications of diabetes, and the wound is persistent and easily recurring, which seriously endangers the health and life of patients. How to effectively promote the healing of diabetic wounds has been a hot spot and difficult area of clinical research. Some previous studies have shown that dihydromyricetin has the effects of regulating blood glucose, controlling the severity, and inhibiting scarring. In the present study, we used polylactic-co-glycolic acid nanoparticles as a carrier to load dihydromyricetin to make drug-loaded nanoparticles and applied them dropwise (200 µL) to diabetic mice wounds by topical application to observe the healing and scar formation of diabetic wounds. We found that the healing rate of the diabetic mice was faster and the scar formation was less obvious. In addition, the elevated blood glucose level and weight loss of the mice in the treatment group were also reduced. Therefore, nanoparticle-mediated dihydromyricetin may be an effective treatment for diabetic wounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhao-Nan Wang
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226000, P.R. China
- Nantong University Medical School, Nantong, Jiangsu 226000, P.R. China
- Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Group Suqian Hospital, Suqian, Jiangsu 223800, P.R. China
| | - Jiu-Cheng Ma
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226000, P.R. China
- Nantong University Medical School, Nantong, Jiangsu 226000, P.R. China
| | - Ming-Fan Xi
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226000, P.R. China
- Nantong University Medical School, Nantong, Jiangsu 226000, P.R. China
| | - Dong Yin
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226000, P.R. China
- Nantong University Medical School, Nantong, Jiangsu 226000, P.R. China
| | - Li-Fan Jiang
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226000, P.R. China
- Nantong University Medical School, Nantong, Jiangsu 226000, P.R. China
| | - Jun Qi
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226000, P.R. China
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Xia T, Zhu R. Multiple molecular and cellular mechanisms of the antitumour effect of dihydromyricetin (Review). Biomed Rep 2024; 20:82. [PMID: 38628627 PMCID: PMC11019658 DOI: 10.3892/br.2024.1769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Dihydromyricetin (DHM) is a natural flavonoid compound with multiple antitumour effects, including inhibition of proliferation, promotion of apoptosis, inhibition of invasion and migration, clearance of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and induction of autophagy. For example, DHM can effectively block the progression of the tumour cell cycle and inhibit cell proliferation. In different types of cancer cells, DHM can regulate the PI3K/Akt pathway, mTOR, and NF-κB pathway components, such as p53, and endoplasmic reticulum stress can alter the accumulation of ROS or induce autophagy to promote the apoptosis of tumour cells. In addition, when DHM is used in combination with various known chemotherapy drugs, such as paclitaxel, nedaplatin, doxorubicin, oxaliplatin and vinblastine, it can increase the sensitivity of tumour cells to DHM and increase the therapeutic effect of chemotherapy drugs. In the present review, the multiple molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying the antitumour effect of DHM, as well as its ability to increase the effects of various traditional antitumour drugs were summarized. Through the present review, it is expected by the authors to draw attention to the potential of DHM as an antitumour drug and provide valuable references for the clinical translation of DHM research and the development of related treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian Xia
- National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, The Children's Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310052, P.R. China
| | - Runzhi Zhu
- National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, The Children's Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310052, P.R. China
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Du L, Lu H, Xiao Y, Guo Z, Li Y. Protective effect and pharmacokinetics of dihydromyricetin nanoparticles on oxidative damage of myocardium. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0301036. [PMID: 38625956 PMCID: PMC11020404 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0301036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/18/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aims to investigate the protective mechanism of dihydromyricetin PLGA nanoparticles (DMY-PLGA NPs) against myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury (MIRI) in vitro and the improvement of oral bioavailability in vivo. METHODS DMY-PLGA NPs was prepared and characterized by emulsifying solvent volatilization, and the oxidative stress model of rat H9c2 cardiomyocyte induced by H2O2 was established. After administration, cell survival rate, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), malondialdehyde (MDA) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) were detected, and the expressions of PGC1α and PPARα were detected by western blot (WB). At the same time, the pharmacokinetics in rats were studied to explore the improvement of bioavailability. RESULTS DMY-PLGA NPs can significantly increase cell survival rate, decrease LDH and MDA content, increase SOD content and PGC1α、PPARα protein expression. Compared with DMY, the peak time of DMY-PLGA NPs was extended (P<0.1), and the bioavailability was increased by 2.04 times. CONCLUSION DMY-PLGA NPs has a significant protective effect on H9c2 cardiomyocytes, which promotes the absorption of DMY and effectively improves bioavailability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lixin Du
- School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Huiling Lu
- School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Yifei Xiao
- School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Zhihua Guo
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Ya Li
- School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
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Devasahayam Arokia Balaya R, Palollathil A, Kumar STA, Chandrasekaran J, Upadhyay SS, Parate SS, Sajida M, Karthikkeyan G, Prasad TSK. Role of Hemigraphis alternata in wound healing: metabolomic profiling and molecular insights into mechanisms. Sci Rep 2024; 14:3872. [PMID: 38365839 PMCID: PMC10873326 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-54352-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Hemigraphis alternata (H. alternata), commonly known as Red Flame Ivy, is widely recognized for its wound healing capabilities. However, the pharmacologically active plant components and their mechanisms of action in wound healing are yet to be determined. This study presents the mass spectrometry-based global metabolite profiling of aqueous and ethanolic extract of H. alternata leaves. The analysis identified 2285 metabolites from 24,203 spectra obtained in both positive and negative polarities. The identified metabolites were classified under ketones, carboxylic acids, primary aliphatic amines, steroids and steroid derivatives. We performed network pharmacology analysis to explore metabolite-protein interactions and identified 124 human proteins as targets for H. alternata metabolites. Among these, several of them were implicated in wound healing including prothrombin (F2), alpha-2A adrenergic receptor (ADRA2A) and fibroblast growth factor receptor 1 (FGFR1). Gene ontology analysis of target proteins enriched cellular functions related to glucose metabolic process, platelet activation, membrane organization and response to wounding. Additionally, pathway enrichment analysis revealed potential molecular network involved in wound healing. Moreover, in-silico docking analysis showed strong binding energy between H. alternata metabolites with identified protein targets (F2 and PTPN11). Furthermore, the key metabolites involved in wound healing were further validated by multiple reaction monitoring-based targeted analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rex Devasahayam Arokia Balaya
- Center for Systems Biology and Molecular Medicine, Yenepoya Research Centre, Yenepoya (Deemed to be University), Mangalore, India, 575018
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Akhina Palollathil
- Center for Systems Biology and Molecular Medicine, Yenepoya Research Centre, Yenepoya (Deemed to be University), Mangalore, India, 575018
| | - Sumaithangi Thattai Arun Kumar
- Center for Systems Biology and Molecular Medicine, Yenepoya Research Centre, Yenepoya (Deemed to be University), Mangalore, India, 575018
| | - Jaikanth Chandrasekaran
- Department of Pharmacology, Sri Ramachandra Faculty of Pharmacy, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research (Deemed to be University), Chennai, 600116, India
| | - Shubham Sukerndeo Upadhyay
- Center for Systems Biology and Molecular Medicine, Yenepoya Research Centre, Yenepoya (Deemed to be University), Mangalore, India, 575018
| | - Sakshi Sanjay Parate
- Center for Systems Biology and Molecular Medicine, Yenepoya Research Centre, Yenepoya (Deemed to be University), Mangalore, India, 575018
| | - M Sajida
- Yenepoya Research Centre, Yenepoya (Deemed to be University), Mangalore, India
| | - Gayathree Karthikkeyan
- Center for Systems Biology and Molecular Medicine, Yenepoya Research Centre, Yenepoya (Deemed to be University), Mangalore, India, 575018
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Yarmohammadi F, Hesari M, Shackebaei D. The Role of mTOR in Doxorubicin-Altered Cardiac Metabolism: A Promising Therapeutic Target of Natural Compounds. Cardiovasc Toxicol 2024; 24:146-157. [PMID: 38108960 DOI: 10.1007/s12012-023-09820-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
Doxorubicin (DOX) is commonly used for the treatment of various types of cancer, however can cause serious side effects, including cardiotoxicity. The mechanisms involved in DOX-induced cardiac damage are complex and not yet fully understood. One mechanism is the disruption of cardiac metabolism, which can impair cardiac function. The mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) is a key regulator of cardiac energy metabolism, and dysregulation of mTOR signaling has been implicated in DOX-induced cardiac dysfunction. Natural compounds (NCs) have been shown to improve cardiac function in vivo and in vitro models of DOX-induced cardiotoxicity. This review article explores the protective effects of NCs against DOX-induced cardiac injury, with a focus on their regulation of mTOR signaling pathways. Generally, the modulation of mTOR signaling by NCs represents a promising strategy for decreasing the cardiotoxic effects of DOX.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Yarmohammadi
- Medical Biology Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Mahvash Hesari
- Medical Biology Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Dareuosh Shackebaei
- Medical Biology Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
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Wang R, Ren Y, Javad HU, Zhou Z, Jiang W, Shu X. Dietary Dihydromyricetin Zinc Chelate Supplementation Improves the Intestinal Health of Magang Geese. Biol Trace Elem Res 2024:10.1007/s12011-024-04065-z. [PMID: 38263355 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-024-04065-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
To fulfill the nutritional requirements of poultry, effective Zn supplementation is required due to Zn deficiency in basic feed. In this study, we investigated the effects of DMY-Zn (dihydromyricetin zinc chelate) on the growth performance, morphology, and biochemical indices; the expression of intestinal barrier-related genes; the intestinal microflora; and the cecum metabolome of Magang geese. A total of 300 14-day-old Magang geese (equal number of males and females) with an average body weight of 0.82 ± 0.08 kg were randomly divided into five groups and fed a basal diet; these groups were given DMY-Zn (low, medium, or high level of DMY-Zn with 30, 55, or 80 mg/kg Zn added to the basal diet) or ZnSO4 (80 mg/kg Zn added) for 4 weeks. Our results revealed that DMY-Zn significantly impacts growth and biochemical indices and plays a significant role in regulating the intestinal barrier and microflora. DMY-Zn is involved in the upregulation of intestinal barrier gene (ZO1 and MUC2) expression, as well as upregulated Zn-related gene expression (ZIP5). On the other hand, a low concentration of DMY-Zn increased the ɑ diversity index and the abundance of Lactobacillus and Faecalibacterium. Additionally, a cecal metabolomics study showed that the main metabolic pathways affected by DMY-Zn were the pentose phosphate pathway, the biosynthesis of different alkaloids, and the metabolism of sphingolipids. In conclusion, DMY-Zn can reduce feed intake, increase the expression of intestinal barrier-related genes, help maintain the intestinal microflora balance, and increase the abundance of beneficial bacteria in the intestine to improve intestinal immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renkai Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yanli Ren
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hafiz Umer Javad
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Zhongkai University of Agricultural Engineering, 24 East Sand Street, Guangzhou, 510225, China
- Guangxi College and University Key Laboratory of High-Value Utilization of Seafood and Prepared Food in Beibu Gulf, College of Food Engineering, Beibu Gulf University, Qinzhou, China
| | - Zhiqing Zhou
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, China
| | - Weiyin Jiang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xugang Shu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Zhongkai University of Agricultural Engineering, 24 East Sand Street, Guangzhou, 510225, China.
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Liu G, Tan L, Zhao X, Wang M, Zhang Z, Zhang J, Gao H, Liu M, Qin W. Anti-atherosclerosis mechanisms associated with regulation of non-coding RNAs by active monomers of traditional Chinese medicine. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1283494. [PMID: 38026969 PMCID: PMC10657887 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1283494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is the leading cause of numerous cardiovascular diseases with a high mortality rate. Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), RNA molecules that do not encode proteins in human genome transcripts, are known to play crucial roles in various physiological and pathological processes. Recently, researches on the regulation of atherosclerosis by ncRNAs, mainly including microRNAs, long non-coding RNAs, and circular RNAs, have gradually become a hot topic. Traditional Chinese medicine has been proved to be effective in treating cardiovascular diseases in China for a long time, and its active monomers have been found to target a variety of atherosclerosis-related ncRNAs. These active monomers of traditional Chinese medicine hold great potential as drugs for the treatment of atherosclerosis. Here, we summarized current advancement of the molecular pathways by which ncRNAs regulate atherosclerosis and mainly highlighted the mechanisms of traditional Chinese medicine monomers in regulating atherosclerosis through targeting ncRNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoqing Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
- School of Pharmacy, Jining Medical University, Rizhao, Shandong, China
| | - Liqiang Tan
- Department of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaona Zhao
- School of Pharmacy, Jining Medical University, Rizhao, Shandong, China
- School of Pharmacy, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, China
| | - Minghui Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
- School of Pharmacy, Jining Medical University, Rizhao, Shandong, China
| | - Zejin Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Jining Medical University, Rizhao, Shandong, China
- School of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Jining Medical University, Rizhao, Shandong, China
| | - Honggang Gao
- School of Pharmacy, Jining Medical University, Rizhao, Shandong, China
| | - Meifang Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Jining Medical University, Rizhao, Shandong, China
| | - Wei Qin
- School of Pharmacy, Jining Medical University, Rizhao, Shandong, China
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Zhang Y, Lu P, Jin H, Cui J, Miao C, He L, Yu J, Ding X, Zhang H. Integrated Secondary Metabolomic and Antioxidant Ability Analysis Reveals the Accumulation Patterns of Metabolites in Momordica charantia L. of Different Cultivars. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:14495. [PMID: 37833943 PMCID: PMC10572697 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241914495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Revised: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Bitter gourd (Momordica charantia L.) contains rich bioactive ingredients and secondary metabolites; hence, it has been used as medicine and food product. This study systematically quantified the nutrient contents, the total content of phenolic acids (TPC), flavonoids (TFC), and triterpenoids (TTC) in seven different cultivars of bitter gourd. This study also estimated the organic acid content and antioxidative capacity of different cultivars of bitter gourd. Although the TPC, TFC, TTC, organic acid content, and antioxidative activity differed significantly among different cultivars of bitter gourd, significant correlations were also observed in the obtained data. In the metabolomics analysis, 370 secondary metabolites were identified in seven cultivars of bitter gourd; flavonoids and phenolic acids were significantly more. Differentially accumulated metabolites identified in this study were mainly associated with secondary metabolic pathways, including pathways of flavonoid, flavonol, isoflavonoid, flavone, folate, and phenylpropanoid biosyntheses. A number of metabolites (n = 27) were significantly correlated (positive or negative) with antioxidative capacity (r ≥ 0.7 and p < 0.05). The outcomes suggest that bitter gourd contains a plethora of bioactive compounds; hence, bitter gourd may potentially be applied in developing novel molecules of medicinal importance.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Xiaotao Ding
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Protected Horticulture Technology, Horticultural Research Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Science, Shanghai 201403, China; (Y.Z.); (P.L.); (H.J.); (J.C.); (C.M.); (L.H.); (J.Y.)
| | - Hongmei Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Protected Horticulture Technology, Horticultural Research Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Science, Shanghai 201403, China; (Y.Z.); (P.L.); (H.J.); (J.C.); (C.M.); (L.H.); (J.Y.)
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Janilkarn-Urena I, Idrissova A, Zhang M, VanDreal M, Sanghavi N, Skinner SG, Cheng S, Zhang Z, Watanabe J, Asatryan L, Cadenas E, Davies DL. Dihydromyricetin supplementation improves ethanol-induced lipid accumulation and inflammation. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1201007. [PMID: 37680900 PMCID: PMC10481966 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1201007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Excessive alcohol consumption leads to a myriad of detrimental health effects, including alcohol-associated liver disease (ALD). Unfortunately, no available treatments exist to combat the progression of ALD beyond corticosteroid administration and/or liver transplants. Dihydromyricetin (DHM) is a bioactive polyphenol and flavonoid that has traditionally been used in Chinese herbal medicine for its robust antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. It is derived from many plants, including Hovenia dulcis and is found as the active ingredient in a variety of popular hangover remedies. Investigations utilizing DHM have demonstrated its ability to alleviate ethanol-induced disruptions in mitochondrial and lipid metabolism, while demonstrating hepatoprotective activity. Methods Female c57BL/6J mice (n = 12/group) were treated using the Lieber DeCarli forced-drinking and ethanol (EtOH) containing liquid diet, for 5 weeks. Mice were randomly divided into three groups: (1) No-EtOH, (2) EtOH [5% (v/v)], and (3) EtOH [5% (v/v)] + DHM (6 mg/mL). Mice were exposed to ethanol for 2 weeks to ensure the development of ALD pathology prior to receiving dihydromyricetin supplementation. Statistical analysis included one-way ANOVA along with Bonferroni multiple comparison tests, where p ≤ 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results Dihydromyricetin administration significantly improved aminotransferase levels (AST/ALT) and reduced levels of circulating lipids including LDL/VLDL, total cholesterol (free cholesterol), and triglycerides. DHM demonstrated enhanced lipid clearance by way of increased lipophagy activity, shown as the increased interaction and colocalization of p62/SQSTM-1, LC3B, and PLIN-1 proteins. DHM-fed mice had increased hepatocyte-to-hepatocyte lipid droplet (LD) heterogeneity, suggesting increased neutralization and sequestration of free lipids into LDs. DHM administration significantly reduced prominent pro-inflammatory cytokines commonly associated with ALD pathology such as TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-17. Discussion Dihydromyricetin is commercially available as a dietary supplement. The results of this proof-of-concept study demonstrate its potential utility and functionality as a cost-effective and safe candidate to combat inflammation and the progression of ALD pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isis Janilkarn-Urena
- Titus Family Department of Clinical Pharmacy, University of Southern California Alfred E. Mann School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Alina Idrissova
- Titus Family Department of Clinical Pharmacy, University of Southern California Alfred E. Mann School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Mindy Zhang
- Titus Family Department of Clinical Pharmacy, University of Southern California Alfred E. Mann School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Masha VanDreal
- Titus Family Department of Clinical Pharmacy, University of Southern California Alfred E. Mann School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Neysa Sanghavi
- Titus Family Department of Clinical Pharmacy, University of Southern California Alfred E. Mann School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Samantha G. Skinner
- Titus Family Department of Clinical Pharmacy, University of Southern California Alfred E. Mann School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Sydney Cheng
- Titus Family Department of Clinical Pharmacy, University of Southern California Alfred E. Mann School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Zeyu Zhang
- Titus Family Department of Clinical Pharmacy, University of Southern California Alfred E. Mann School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Translational Research Lab, USC Alfred E. Mann School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Junji Watanabe
- Translational Research Lab, USC Alfred E. Mann School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Department of Neurosurgery, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Liana Asatryan
- Titus Family Department of Clinical Pharmacy, University of Southern California Alfred E. Mann School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Enrique Cadenas
- Titus Family Department of Clinical Pharmacy, University of Southern California Alfred E. Mann School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Daryl L. Davies
- Titus Family Department of Clinical Pharmacy, University of Southern California Alfred E. Mann School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Los Angeles, CA, United States
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13
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Wang MC. Natural plant resource flavonoids as potential therapeutic drugs for pulmonary fibrosis. Heliyon 2023; 9:e19308. [PMID: 37664726 PMCID: PMC10470008 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e19308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Revised: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary fibrosis is an enduring and advancing pulmonary interstitial disease caused by multiple factors that ultimately lead to structural changes in normal lung tissue. Currently, pulmonary fibrosis is a global disease with a high degree of heterogeneity and mortality rate. Nitidine and pirfenidone have been approved for treating pulmonary fibrosis, and the quest for effective therapeutic drugs remains unabated. In recent years, the anti-pulmonary fibrosis properties of natural flavonoids have garnered heightened attention, although further research is needed. In this paper, the resources, structural characteristics, anti-pulmonary fibrosis properties and mechanisms of natural flavonoids were reviewed. We hope to provide potential opportunities for the application of flavonoids in the fight against pulmonary fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Chuan Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Affiliated Cixi Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, China
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14
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Zhu J, Liu X, Lu Y, Yue D, He X, Deng W, Zhao S, Xi D. Exploring the Impact of Ampelopsis Grossedentata Flavonoids on Growth Performance, Ruminal Microbiota, and Plasma Physiology and Biochemistry of Kids. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:2454. [PMID: 37570263 PMCID: PMC10417322 DOI: 10.3390/ani13152454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Revised: 07/08/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
This study was conducted to evaluate the influences of supplementing Ampelopsis grossedentata flavonoids (AGF) on the rumen bacterial microbiome, plasma physiology and biochemistry, and growth performance of goats. Twenty-four Nubian kids were randomly allocated to three dietary treatments: the control (CON, basal diet), the 1.0 g/kg AGF treatment (AGF), and the 12.5 mg/kg monensin treatment (MN). This trial consisted of 10 days for adaptation and 90 days for data and sample collection. The results reveal that Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes, and Proteobacteria are the dominant phyla in kids' rumen. Compared with the CON group, the alpha diversity in the MN and AGF groups significantly increased (p < 0.01). Beta-diversity shows that rumen microbial composition is more similar in the MN and AGF groups. LEfSe analysis shows that Prevotella_1 in the AGF group were significantly higher than those in the MN and CON group. The high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and glucose levels in the AGF group were significantly higher than those in the CON group (p < 0.05), whereas the low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, glutamic-pyruvic transaminase, and alkaline phosphatase levels exhibited the opposite trend. The average daily gains in the AGF and MN groups significantly increased, while the feed-to-gain ratios were significantly decreased (p < 0.05). The results suggest that adding AGF to the diet improves microbial composition and has important implications for studying juvenile livestock growth and improving economic benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junhong Zhu
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed, Faculty of Animal Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China; (J.Z.); (X.L.); (Y.L.); (D.Y.); (X.H.); (W.D.)
| | - Xingneng Liu
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed, Faculty of Animal Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China; (J.Z.); (X.L.); (Y.L.); (D.Y.); (X.H.); (W.D.)
- Institute of Animal Husbandry, Yunnan Vocational College of Agriculture, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Ying Lu
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed, Faculty of Animal Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China; (J.Z.); (X.L.); (Y.L.); (D.Y.); (X.H.); (W.D.)
| | - Dan Yue
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed, Faculty of Animal Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China; (J.Z.); (X.L.); (Y.L.); (D.Y.); (X.H.); (W.D.)
| | - Xiaoming He
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed, Faculty of Animal Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China; (J.Z.); (X.L.); (Y.L.); (D.Y.); (X.H.); (W.D.)
| | - Weidong Deng
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed, Faculty of Animal Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China; (J.Z.); (X.L.); (Y.L.); (D.Y.); (X.H.); (W.D.)
| | - Sumei Zhao
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed, Faculty of Animal Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China; (J.Z.); (X.L.); (Y.L.); (D.Y.); (X.H.); (W.D.)
| | - Dongmei Xi
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed, Faculty of Animal Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China; (J.Z.); (X.L.); (Y.L.); (D.Y.); (X.H.); (W.D.)
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15
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Kosmalski M, Frankowski R, Deska K, Różycka-Kosmalska M, Pietras T. Exploring the Impact of Nutrition on Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Management: Unveiling the Roles of Various Foods, Food Components, and Compounds. Nutrients 2023; 15:2838. [PMID: 37447164 DOI: 10.3390/nu15132838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 06/18/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
There is a need to introduce standardized treatment options for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) due to its global prevalence and the complications of this disease. Many studies have revealed that food-derived substances may be beneficial in dealing with this disease. Therefore, this review aims to evaluate the recently published studies on the food-derived treatment options for NAFLD. A comprehensive search of the PubMed database using keywords such as "NAFLD", "nutrition", "food", "derived", "therapy", and "guidelines" yielded 219 relevant papers for our analysis, published from 2004 to 2023. The results show the significant benefits of food-derived treatment in NAFLD therapy, including improvements in liver histology, hepatic fat amounts, anthropometric measures, lipid profile, and other metabolic measures. The availability of the substances discussed makes them a significant adjuvant in the treatment of this disease. The usefulness of Viusid as additional therapy to diet and physical activity should be emphasized due to improvements in liver histology; however, many other substances lead to a decrease in liver fat amounts including, e.g., berberine or omega-3 fatty acids. In addition, the synbiotic Protexin seems to be useful in terms of NAFLD treatment, especially because it is effective in both obese and lean subjects. Based on the latest research results, we suggest revising the therapeutic recommendations for patients suffering from NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcin Kosmalski
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Lodz, 90-153 Lodz, Poland
| | - Rafał Frankowski
- Students' Research Club, Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Lodz, 90-153 Lodz, Poland
| | - Kacper Deska
- Students' Research Club, Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Lodz, 90-153 Lodz, Poland
| | | | - Tadeusz Pietras
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Lodz, 90-153 Lodz, Poland
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16
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Romani A, Sergi D, Zauli E, Voltan R, Lodi G, Vaccarezza M, Caruso L, Previati M, Zauli G. Nutrients, herbal bioactive derivatives and commensal microbiota as tools to lower the risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1152254. [PMID: 37324739 PMCID: PMC10267353 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1152254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The SARS-CoV-2 outbreak has infected a vast population across the world, causing more than 664 million cases and 6.7 million deaths by January 2023. Vaccination has been effective in reducing the most critical aftermath of this infection, but some issues are still present regarding re-infection prevention, effectiveness against variants, vaccine hesitancy and worldwide accessibility. Moreover, although several old and new antiviral drugs have been tested, we still lack robust and specific treatment modalities. It appears of utmost importance, facing this continuously growing pandemic, to focus on alternative practices grounded on firm scientific bases. In this article, we aim to outline a rigorous scientific background and propose complementary nutritional tools useful toward containment, and ultimately control, of SARS-CoV-2 infection. In particular, we review the mechanisms of viral entry and discuss the role of polyunsaturated fatty acids derived from α-linolenic acid and other nutrients in preventing the interaction of SARS-CoV-2 with its entry gateways. In a similar way, we analyze in detail the role of herbal-derived pharmacological compounds and specific microbial strains or microbial-derived polypeptides in the prevention of SARS-CoV-2 entry. In addition, we highlight the role of probiotics, nutrients and herbal-derived compounds in stimulating the immunity response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arianna Romani
- Department of Environmental and Prevention Sciences and LTTA Centre, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Domenico Sergi
- Department of Translational Medicine and LTTA Centre, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Enrico Zauli
- Department of Translational Medicine and LTTA Centre, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Rebecca Voltan
- Department of Environmental and Prevention Sciences and LTTA Centre, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Giada Lodi
- Department of Environmental and Prevention Sciences and LTTA Centre, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Mauro Vaccarezza
- Curtin Medical School & Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute (CHIRI), Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Lorenzo Caruso
- Department of Environmental and Prevention Sciences and LTTA Centre, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Maurizio Previati
- Department of Translational Medicine and LTTA Centre, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Giorgio Zauli
- Research Department, King Khaled Eye Specialistic Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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17
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Li R, Duan W, Ran Z, Chen X, Yu H, Fang L, Guo L, Zhou J. Diversity and correlation analysis of endophytes and metabolites of Panax quinquefolius L. in various tissues. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 23:275. [PMID: 37226095 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-023-04282-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Panax quinquefolius L. (American ginseng) is widely used in medicine due to its wealth of diverse pharmacological effects. Endophytes colonize within P. quinquefolius in multiple tissue types. However, the relationship between endophytes and the production of their active ingredients in different parts of the plant is not clear. RESULTS In this study, the relationship of endophytic diversity and the metabolites produced in different plant tissues of P. quinquefolius were analyzed using metagenomic and metabolomic approaches. The results showed relatively similar endophyte composition in roots and fibrils, but obvious differences between endophyte populations in stems and leaves. Species abundance analysis showed that at the phylum level, the dominant bacterial phylum was Cyanobacteria for roots, fibrils, stems and leaves, Ascomycota forroots and fibrils roots, and Basidiomycota for stems and leaves. LC-MS/MS technology was used to quantitatively analyze the metabolites in different tissues of P. quinquefolius. A total of 398 metabolites and 294 differential metaboliteswere identified, mainly organic acids, sugars, amino acids, polyphenols, and saponins. Most of the differential metabolites were enriched in metabolic pathways such as phenylpropane biosynthesis, flavonoid biosynthesis, citric acid cycle, and amino acid biosynthesis. Correlation analysis showed a positive and negative correlation between the endophytes and the differential metabolites. Conexibacter significantly enriched in root and fibril was significantly positively correlated with saponin differential metabolites, while cyberlindnera significantly enriched in stem and leaf was significantly negatively correlated with differential metabolites (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION The endophytic communities diversity were relatively similar in the roots and fibrils of P. quinquefolius, while there were greater differences between the stems and leaves. There was significant difference in metabolite content between different tissues of P. quinquefolius. Correlation analysis methods demonstrated a correlation between endophytes and differential metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Li
- School of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022, PR China
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250355, PR China
| | - Wanying Duan
- School of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022, PR China
| | - Zhifang Ran
- School of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022, PR China
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250355, PR China
| | - Xiaoli Chen
- School of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022, PR China
| | - Hongxia Yu
- Weihai Wendeng District Dao-di Ginseng Industry Development Co. LTD, Weihai, 264407, PR China
| | - Lei Fang
- School of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022, PR China.
| | - Lanping Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, PR China.
| | - Jie Zhou
- School of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022, PR China.
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18
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Ri MH, Xing Y, Zuo HX, Li MY, Jin HL, Ma J, Jin X. Regulatory mechanisms of natural compounds from traditional Chinese herbal medicines on the microglial response in ischemic stroke. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 116:154889. [PMID: 37262999 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2023.154889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2022] [Revised: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Development of clinically effective neuroprotective agents for stroke therapy is still a challenging task. Microglia play a critical role in brain injury and recovery after ischemic stroke. Traditional Chinese herbal medicines (TCHMs) are based on a unique therapeutic principle, have various formulas, and have long been widely used to treat stroke. Therefore, the active compounds in TCHMs and their underlying mechanisms of action are attracting increasing attention in the field of stroke drug development. PURPOSE To summarize the regulatory mechanisms of TCHM-derived natural compounds on the microglial response in animal models of ischemic stroke. METHODS We searched studies published until 10 April 2023 in the Web of Science, PubMed, and ScienceDirect using the following keywords: natural compounds, natural products or phytochemicals, traditional Chinese Medicine or Chinese herbal medicine, microglia, and ischemic stroke. This review was prepared according to PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Item for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis) guidelines. RESULTS Natural compounds derived from TCHMs can attenuate the M1 phenotype of microglia, which is involved in the detrimental inflammatory response, via inhibition of NF-κB, MAPKs, JAK/STAT, Notch, TLR4, P2X7R, CX3CR1, IL-17RA, the NLRP3 inflammasome, and pro-oxidant enzymes. Additionally, the neuroprotective response of microglia with the M2 phenotype can be enhanced by activating Nrf2/HO-1, PI3K/AKT, AMPK, PPARγ, SIRT1, CB2R, TREM2, nAChR, and IL-33/ST2. Several clinical trials showed that TCHM-derived natural compounds that regulate microglial responses have significant and safe therapeutic effects, but further well-designed clinical studies are needed. CONCLUSIONS Further research regarding the direct targets and potential pleiotropic or synergistic effects of natural compounds would provide a more reasonable approach for regulation of the microglial response with the possibility of successful stroke drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myong Hak Ri
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines of the Changbai Mountain, Ministry of Education, Molecular Medicine Research Center, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji 133002, Jilin Province, China; Faculty of Life Science, Kim Il Sung University, Pyongyang, Democratic People's Republic of Korea
| | - Yue Xing
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines of the Changbai Mountain, Ministry of Education, Molecular Medicine Research Center, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji 133002, Jilin Province, China
| | - Hong Xiang Zuo
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines of the Changbai Mountain, Ministry of Education, Molecular Medicine Research Center, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji 133002, Jilin Province, China
| | - Ming Yue Li
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines of the Changbai Mountain, Ministry of Education, Molecular Medicine Research Center, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji 133002, Jilin Province, China
| | - Hong Lan Jin
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines of the Changbai Mountain, Ministry of Education, Molecular Medicine Research Center, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji 133002, Jilin Province, China
| | - Juan Ma
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines of the Changbai Mountain, Ministry of Education, Molecular Medicine Research Center, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji 133002, Jilin Province, China.
| | - Xuejun Jin
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines of the Changbai Mountain, Ministry of Education, Molecular Medicine Research Center, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji 133002, Jilin Province, China.
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19
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Gao H, Li Z, Liu Y, Zhao YK, Cheng C, Qiu F, Gao Y, Lu YW, Song XH, Wang JB, Ma ZT. A clinical experience-based Chinese herbal formula improves ethanol-induced drunken behavior and hepatic steatohepatitis in mice models. Chin Med 2023; 18:47. [PMID: 37127639 PMCID: PMC10150545 DOI: 10.1186/s13020-023-00753-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bao-Gan-Xing-Jiu-Wan (BGXJW) is a clinical experience-based Chinese herbal formula. Its efficacy, pharmacological safety, targeted function, process quality, and other aspects have met the evaluation standards and the latest requirements of preparations. It could prevent and alleviate the symptoms of drunkenness and alcoholic liver injury clinically. The present work aims to elucidate whether BGXJW could protect against drunkenness and alcoholic liver disease in mice and explore the associated mechanism. MATERIAL AND METHODS We used acute-on-chronic (NIAAA) mice model to induce alcoholic steatosis, and alcohol binge-drinking model to reappear the drunk condition. BGXJW at indicated doses were administered by oral gavage respectively to analyze its effects on alcoholic liver injury and the associated molecular mechanisms. RESULTS BGXJW had no cardiac, hepatic, renal, or intestinal toxicity in mice. Alcoholic liver injury and steatosis in the NIAAA mode were effectively prevented by BGXJW treatment. BGXJW increased the expression of alcohol metabolizing enzymes ADH, CYP2E1, and ALDH2 to enhance alcohol metabolism, inhibited steatosis through regulating lipid metabolism, counteracted alcohol-induced upregulation of lipid synthesis related proteins SREBP1, FASN, and SCD1, meanwhile it enhanced fatty acids β-oxidation related proteins PPAR-α and CPT1A. Alcohol taken enhanced pro-inflammatory TNF-α, IL-6 and down-regulated the anti-inflammatory IL-10 expression in the liver, which were also reversed by BGXJW administration. Moreover, BGXJW significantly decreased the blood ethanol concentration and alleviated drunkenness in the alcohol binge-drinking mice model. CONCLUSIONS BGXJW could effectively relieve drunkenness and prevent alcoholic liver disease by regulating lipid metabolism, inflammatory response, and alcohol metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Gao
- College of Pharmacy, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, 350122, Fujian, China
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
- Department of Hepatology, Fifth Medical Center of Chinese, PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100039, China
| | - Zhen Li
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
- College of Pharmacy, Henan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Henan, 450046, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yao Liu
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
- Department of Infectious Disease, Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100010, China
| | - Yong-Kang Zhao
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Cheng Cheng
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
- Department of Pharmacy, Jincheng General Hospital, Jincheng, 048006, Shanxi, China
| | - Feng Qiu
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Yuan Gao
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Ya-Wen Lu
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Xin-Hua Song
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Jia-Bo Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, 350122, Fujian, China.
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China.
| | - Zhi-Tao Ma
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China.
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20
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Matouk AI, Awad EM, El-Tahawy NFG, El-Sheikh AAK, Anter A. Dihydromyricetin Modulates Nrf2 and NF-κB Crosstalk to Alleviate Methotrexate-Induced Lung Toxicity. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:ph16040481. [PMID: 37111238 PMCID: PMC10145727 DOI: 10.3390/ph16040481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Revised: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Methotrexate (MTX) is an effective anticancer, anti-inflammatory, and immunomodulatory agent. However, it induces a serious pneumonitis that leads to irreversible fibrotic lung damage. This study addresses the protective role of the natural flavonoid dihydromyricetin (DHM) against MTX-induced pneumonitis via modulation of Nrf2/NF-κB signaling crosstalk. METHODS Male Wistar rats were divided into 4 groups: control, which received the vehicle; MTX, which received a single MTX (40 mg/kg, i.p) at day 9 of the experiment; (MTX + DHM), which received oral DHM (300 mg/kg) for 14 days and methotrexate (40 mg/kg, i.p) on the 9th day; and DHM, which received DHM (300 mg/kg, p.o) for 14 days. RESULTS Lung histopathological examination and scoring showed a decline in MTX-induced alveolar epithelial damage and decreased inflammatory cell infiltration by DHM treatment. Further, DHM significantly alleviated the oxidative stress by decreasing MDA while increasing GSH and SOD antioxidant levels. Additionally, DHM suppressed the pulmonary inflammation and fibrosis through decreasing levels of NF-κB, IL-1β, and TGF-β1 while promoting the expression of Nrf2, a positive regulator of antioxidant genes, and its downstream modulator, HO-1. CONCLUSION This study identified DHM as a promising therapeutic target against MTX-induced pneumonitis via activation of Nrf2 antioxidant signaling while suppressing the NF-κB mediated inflammatory pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asmaa I Matouk
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, El-Minia 61511, Egypt
| | - Eman M Awad
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, El-Minia 61511, Egypt
| | - Nashwa F G El-Tahawy
- Department of Histology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, El-Minia 61511, Egypt
| | - Azza A K El-Sheikh
- Basic Health Sciences Department, College of Medicine, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Aliaa Anter
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, El-Minia 61511, Egypt
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NLRP3 Inflammasome in Atherosclerosis: Putting Out the Fire of Inflammation. Inflammation 2023; 46:35-46. [PMID: 35953687 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-022-01725-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Revised: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis (AS) is a chronic inflammatory disease with thickening or hardening of the arteries, which led to the built-up of plaques in the inner lining of an artery. Among all the clarified pathogenesis, the over-activation of inflammatory reaction is one of the most acknowledged one. The nucleotide-binding domain leucine-rich repeat (NLR) and pyrin domain containing receptor 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome, as a vital and special form of inflammation and innate immunity, has been widely revealed to participate in the onset and development of AS. This review will introduce the process of the pathogenesis and progression of AS, and will describe the biological features of the NLRP3 inflammasome. Furthermore, the role of the NLRP3 inflammasome in AS and the possible mechanisms will be discussed. In addition, several kinds of agents with the effect of anti-atherosclerotic taking advantage of the NLRP3 inflammasome intervention will be described and discussed in detail, including natural compounds (baicalin, dihydromyricetin, luteolin, 5-deoxy-rutaecarpine (R3) and Salvianolic acid A, etc.), microRNAs (microRNA-30c-5p, microRNA-9, microRNA-146a-5p, microRNA-16-5p and microRNA-181a, etc.), and autophagy regulators (melatonin, dietary PUFA and arglabin, etc.). We aim to provide novel insights in the exploration of the specific mechanisms of AS and the development of new treatments of AS.
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22
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Zhang R, Zhang H, Shi H, Zhang D, Zhang Z, Liu H. Strategic developments in the drug delivery of natural product dihydromyricetin: applications, prospects, and challenges. Drug Deliv 2022; 29:3052-3070. [PMID: 36146939 PMCID: PMC9518266 DOI: 10.1080/10717544.2022.2125601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Dihydromyricetin (DHM) is an important natural flavonoid that has attracted much attention because of its various functions such as protecting the cardiovascular system and liver, treating cancer and neurodegenerative diseases, and anti-inflammation effect, etc. Despite its great development potential in pharmacy, DHM has some problems in pharmaceutical applications such as low solubility, permeability, and stability. To settle these issues, extensive research has been carried out on its physicochemical properties and dosage forms to produce all kinds of DHM preparations in the past ten years. In addition, the combined use of DHM with other drugs is a promising strategy to expand the application of DHM. However, although invention patents for DHM preparations have been issued in several countries, the current transformation of DHM research results into market products is insufficient. To date, there is still a lack of deep research into the pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, toxicology, and action mechanism of DHM preparations. Besides, preparations for combined therapy of DHM with other drugs are scarcely reported, which necessitates the development of dosage forms for this application. Apart from medicine, the development of DHM in the food industry is also of great potential. Due to its multiple effects and excellent safety, DHM preparations can be developed for functional drinks and foods. Through this review, we hope to draw more attention to the development potential of DHM and the above challenges and provide valuable references for the research and development of other natural products with a similar structure-activity relationship to this drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruirui Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou City, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Hao Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou City, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Houyin Shi
- Department of Orthopedics, Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou City, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Dan Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou City, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhuo Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou City, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Hao Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou City, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
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23
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Wang Z, You W, Wang W, Tian W, Chen F, Xiao Y, Chen Y, Wang X. Dihydromyricetin-Incorporated Multilayer Nanofibers Accelerate Chronic Wound Healing by Remodeling the Harsh Wound Microenvironment. ADVANCED FIBER MATERIALS 2022; 4:1556-1571. [DOI: 10.1007/s42765-022-00180-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 08/25/2024]
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24
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Huang J, Chen B, Wang H, Hu S, Yu X, Reilly J, He Z, You Y, Shu X. Dihydromyricetin Attenuates Depressive-like Behaviors in Mice by Inhibiting the AGE-RAGE Signaling Pathway. Cells 2022; 11:cells11233730. [PMID: 36496991 PMCID: PMC9738449 DOI: 10.3390/cells11233730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Revised: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Depression is a complex mental disorder, affecting approximately 280 million individuals globally. The pathobiology of depression is not fully understood, and the development of new treatments is urgently needed. Dihydromyricetin (DHM) is a natural flavanone, mainly distributed in Ampelopsis grossedentata. DHM has demonstrated a protective role against cardiovascular disease, diabetes, liver disease, cancer, kidney injury and neurodegenerative disorders. In the present study, we examined the protective effect of DHM against depression in a chronic depression mouse model induced by corticosterone (CORT). Animals exposed to CORT displayed depressive-like behaviors; DHM treatment reversed these behaviors. Network pharmacology analyses showed that DHM's function against depression involved a wide range of targets and signaling pathways, among which the inflammation-linked targets and signaling pathways were critical. Western blotting showed that CORT-treated animals had significantly increased levels of the advanced glycation end product (AGE) and receptor of AGE (RAGE) in the hippocampus, implicating activation of the AGE-RAGE signaling pathway. Furthermore, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) detected a marked increase in the production of proinflammatory cytokines, interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β), IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFα) in the hippocampus of CORT-treated mice. DHM administration significantly counteracted these CORT-induced changes. These findings suggest that protection against depression by DHM is mediated by suppression of neuroinflammation, predominantly via the AGE-RAGE signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Huang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shaoyang University, Shaoyang 422000, China
| | - Bin Chen
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou 570100, China
| | - Hao Wang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shaoyang University, Shaoyang 422000, China
| | - Sheng Hu
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou 570100, China
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China
| | - Xudong Yu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shaoyang University, Shaoyang 422000, China
| | - James Reilly
- Department of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, Glasgow Caledonian University, Glasgow G4 0BA, UK
| | - Zhiming He
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shaoyang University, Shaoyang 422000, China
| | - Yong You
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou 570100, China
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China
- Correspondence: (Y.Y.); (X.S.)
| | - Xinhua Shu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shaoyang University, Shaoyang 422000, China
- Department of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, Glasgow Caledonian University, Glasgow G4 0BA, UK
- Correspondence: (Y.Y.); (X.S.)
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Matouk AI, Awad EM, El-Tahawy NF, El-Sheikh AA, Waz S. Dihydromyricetin alleviates methotrexate-induced hepatotoxicity via suppressing the TLR4/NF-κB pathway and NLRP3 inflammasome/caspase 1 axis. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 155:113752. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Revised: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
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26
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Zhang X, Chen S, Li X, Zhang L, Ren L. Flavonoids as Potential Antiviral Agents for Porcine Viruses. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14091793. [PMID: 36145539 PMCID: PMC9501777 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14091793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Revised: 08/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Flavonoids are types of natural substances with phenolic structures isolated from a variety of plants. Flavonoids have antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, and antiviral activities. Although most of the research or applications of flavonoids are focused on human diseases, flavonoids also show potential applicability against porcine virus infection. This review focuses on the recent progress in antiviral mechanisms of potential flavonoids against the most common porcine viruses. The mechanism discussed in this paper may provide a theoretical basis for drug screening and application of natural flavonoid compounds and flavonoid-containing herbs to control porcine virus infection and guide the research and development of pig feed additives.
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27
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Magnetic Resonance Images, Pathological Features of Thrombus, and Expression of NLRP Inflammasome in Patients with Acute Ischemic Stroke. CONTRAST MEDIA & MOLECULAR IMAGING 2022; 2022:3464042. [PMID: 36072631 PMCID: PMC9398830 DOI: 10.1155/2022/3464042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Revised: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate imaging features of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), pathological features of thrombus, and expression of nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptors protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome in acute ischemic stroke (AIS). Their relationship with the prognosis of patients was also explored. Sixty patients with AIS admitted to the hospital were selected as the observation group, and 20 healthy objects were in the control group. The shape of the thrombus was observed by MRI, pathological features of the thrombus were observed under hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining, and the levels of NLRP3 inflammasome and inflammatory factors in serum were detected. The MRI-T2 weighted imaging (T2WI) signal ratio and plaque enhancement rate in the observation group were higher than those in the control group significantly (P < 0.05). In the observation group, the red/mixed thrombus in 6–12 h and 24 h were also much higher than that in 6 h (P < 0.05). The levels of NLRP3, interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-18 (IL-18), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in the observation group were higher than those in the control group in 6 h, 6–12 h, and 24 h (P < 0.05), and those reached the highest levels in 24 h. The ratio of fibrins/platelets in the cardiogenic thrombus reached (63.8 ± 15.6) %, which was significantly higher than that in the large-artery atherosclerotic thrombus (49.5 ± 14.2) %, P < 0.05. The ratio of red blood cells (RBCs) in the large atherosclerotic thrombus was (30.7 ± 14.3) %, considerably lower than (42.9 ± 15.2) %, P < 0.05. The prognosis of patients with the fibrin/platelet-rich thrombus was highly lower than that with the RBC-rich thrombus (P < 0.05). The levels with poor prognosis were higher than those with good prognosis (P < 0.05). MRI could be used to assist in the assessment of brain conditions in patients with AIS. NLRP3 inflammasome was involved in the inflammatory response of AIS and can be used for predicting the poor prognosis, having a certain clinical application value. In addition, different types of thrombi also laid a certain impact on prognosis.
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Getachew B, Csoka AB, Tizabi Y. Dihydromyricetin Protects Against Ethanol-Induced Toxicity in SH-SY5Y Cell Line: Role of GABA A Receptor. Neurotox Res 2022; 40:892-899. [PMID: 35386023 DOI: 10.1007/s12640-022-00503-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2022] [Revised: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Toxicity induced by binge alcohol drinking, particularly in adolescent and young adults, is of major medical and social consequence. Recently, we reported that butyrate, a short chain fatty acid, can protect against ethanol (ETOH)-induced toxicity in an in vitro model. In this study, we sought to evaluate the potential effectiveness of dihydromyricetin (DHM), a natural bioactive flavonoid, alone or in combination with butyrate in the same model. Exposure of SH-SY5Y cells for 24 h to 500 mM ETOH resulted in approximately 40% reduction in cell viability, which was completely prevented by 0.1 μM DHM. Combinations of DHM and butyrate provided synergistic protection against alcohol toxicity. Whereas butyrate effect was shown to be mediated primarily through fatty acid receptor 3 activation, DHM protection appears to be mediated primarily via benzodiazepine receptor site of GABAA receptor. This is based on the finding that DHM's effect could be completely prevented by pretreatment with flumazenil, a selective antagonist at this site, but not by bicuculline, a selective antagonist at the actual GABAA receptor binding site. These findings suggest potential utility of DHM alone or in combination with butyrate against ETOH-induced toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruk Getachew
- Department of Pharmacology, Howard University College of Medicine, 520 W Street NW, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Antonei B Csoka
- Department of Anatomy, Howard University College of Medicine, 520 W Street NW, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Yousef Tizabi
- Department of Pharmacology, Howard University College of Medicine, 520 W Street NW, Washington, DC, USA.
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