1
|
Kumphune S, Seenak P, Paiyabhrom N, Songjang W, Pankhong P, Jumroon N, Thaisakun S, Phaonakrop N, Roytrakul S, Malakul W, Jiraviriyakul A, Nernpermpisooth N. Cardiac endothelial ischemia/reperfusion injury-derived protein damage-associated molecular patterns disrupt the integrity of the endothelial barrier. Heliyon 2024; 10:e24600. [PMID: 38312663 PMCID: PMC10835233 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e24600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Human cardiac microvascular endothelial cells (HCMECs) are sensitive to ischemia and vulnerable to damage during reperfusion. The release of damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) during reperfusion induces additional tissue damage. The current study aimed to identify early protein DAMPs in human cardiac microvascular endothelial cells subjected to ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) using a proteomic approach and their effect on endothelial cell injury. HCMECs were subjected to 60 min of simulated ischemia and 6 h of reperfusion, which can cause lethal damage. DAMPs in the culture media were subjected to liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry proteomic analysis. The cells were treated with endothelial IRI-derived DAMP medium for 24 h. Endothelial injury was assessed by measuring lactate dehydrogenase activity, morphological features, and the expression of endothelial cadherin, nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), and caveolin-1. The top two upregulated proteins, DNAJ homolog subfamily B member 11 and pyrroline-5-carboxylate reductase 2, are promising and sensitive predictors of cardiac microvascular endothelial damage. HCMECs expose to endothelial IRI-derived DAMP, the lactate dehydrogenase activity was significantly increased compared with the control group (10.15 ± 1.03 vs 17.67 ± 1.19, respectively). Following treatment with endothelial IRI-derived DAMPs, actin-filament dysregulation, and downregulation of vascular endothelial cadherin, caveolin-1, and eNOS expressions were observed, along with cell death. In conclusion, the early protein DAMPs released during cardiac microvascular endothelial IRI could serve as novel candidate biomarkers for acute myocardial IRI. Distinct features of impaired plasma membrane integrity can help identify therapeutic targets to mitigate the detrimental consequences mediated of endothelial IRI-derived DAMPs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sarawut Kumphune
- Biomedical Engineering and Innovation Research Centre, Chiang Mai University, Muang, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
- Biomedical Engineering Institute, Chiang Mai University, Muang, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
- Integrative Biomedical Research Unit (IBRU), Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, 65000, Thailand
| | - Porrnthanate Seenak
- Integrative Biomedical Research Unit (IBRU), Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, 65000, Thailand
- Department of Cardio-Thoracic Technology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, 65000, Thailand
| | - Nitchawat Paiyabhrom
- Department of Medical Technology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, 65000, Thailand
| | - Worawat Songjang
- Integrative Biomedical Research Unit (IBRU), Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, 65000, Thailand
- Department of Medical Technology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, 65000, Thailand
| | - Panyupa Pankhong
- Integrative Biomedical Research Unit (IBRU), Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, 65000, Thailand
- Department of Medical Technology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, 65000, Thailand
| | - Noppadon Jumroon
- Integrative Biomedical Research Unit (IBRU), Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, 65000, Thailand
- Department of Medical Technology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, 65000, Thailand
| | - Siriwan Thaisakun
- National Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency, Pathum Thani, 12120, Thailand
| | - Narumon Phaonakrop
- National Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency, Pathum Thani, 12120, Thailand
| | - Sittiruk Roytrakul
- National Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency, Pathum Thani, 12120, Thailand
| | - Wachirawadee Malakul
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, 65000, Thailand
| | - Arunya Jiraviriyakul
- Integrative Biomedical Research Unit (IBRU), Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, 65000, Thailand
- Department of Medical Technology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, 65000, Thailand
| | - Nitirut Nernpermpisooth
- Integrative Biomedical Research Unit (IBRU), Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, 65000, Thailand
- Department of Cardio-Thoracic Technology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, 65000, Thailand
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Bazgir F, Nau J, Nakhaei-Rad S, Amin E, Wolf MJ, Saucerman JJ, Lorenz K, Ahmadian MR. The Microenvironment of the Pathogenesis of Cardiac Hypertrophy. Cells 2023; 12:1780. [PMID: 37443814 PMCID: PMC10341218 DOI: 10.3390/cells12131780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2023] [Revised: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Pathological cardiac hypertrophy is a key risk factor for the development of heart failure and predisposes individuals to cardiac arrhythmia and sudden death. While physiological cardiac hypertrophy is adaptive, hypertrophy resulting from conditions comprising hypertension, aortic stenosis, or genetic mutations, such as hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, is maladaptive. Here, we highlight the essential role and reciprocal interactions involving both cardiomyocytes and non-myocardial cells in response to pathological conditions. Prolonged cardiovascular stress causes cardiomyocytes and non-myocardial cells to enter an activated state releasing numerous pro-hypertrophic, pro-fibrotic, and pro-inflammatory mediators such as vasoactive hormones, growth factors, and cytokines, i.e., commencing signaling events that collectively cause cardiac hypertrophy. Fibrotic remodeling is mediated by cardiac fibroblasts as the central players, but also endothelial cells and resident and infiltrating immune cells enhance these processes. Many of these hypertrophic mediators are now being integrated into computational models that provide system-level insights and will help to translate our knowledge into new pharmacological targets. This perspective article summarizes the last decades' advances in cardiac hypertrophy research and discusses the herein-involved complex myocardial microenvironment and signaling components.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Farhad Bazgir
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; (F.B.); (J.N.)
| | - Julia Nau
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; (F.B.); (J.N.)
| | - Saeideh Nakhaei-Rad
- Stem Cell Biology, and Regenerative Medicine Research Group, Institute of Biotechnology, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad 91779-48974, Iran;
| | - Ehsan Amin
- Institute of Neural and Sensory Physiology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany;
| | - Matthew J. Wolf
- Department of Medicine and Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA;
| | - Jeffry J. Saucerman
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA;
| | - Kristina Lorenz
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Würzburg, Leibniz Institute for Analytical Sciences, 97078 Würzburg, Germany;
| | - Mohammad Reza Ahmadian
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; (F.B.); (J.N.)
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Mahapatra S, Sharma MVR, Brownson B, Gallicano VE, Gallicano GI. Cardiac inducing colonies halt fibroblast activation and induce cardiac/endothelial cells to move and expand via paracrine signaling. Mol Biol Cell 2022; 33:ar96. [PMID: 35653297 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e22-02-0032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Myocardial fibrosis (MF), a common event that develops after myocardial infarction, initially is a reparative process but eventually leads to heart failure and sudden cardiac arrest. In MF, the infarct area is replaced by a collagenous-based scar induced by "excessive" collagen deposition from activated cardiac fibroblasts. The scar prevents ventricular wall thinning; however, over time it expands to noninfarcted myocardium. Therapies to prevent fibrosis include reperfusion, anti-fibrotic agents, and ACE inhibitors. Paracrine factor (PF)/stem cell research has recently gained significance as a therapy. We consistently find that cardiac inducing colonies (CiCs) (derived from human germline pluripotent stem cells) secrete PFs at physiologically relevant concentrations that suppress cardiac fibroblast activation and excessive extracellular matrix protein secretion. These factors also affect human cardiomyocytes and endothelial cells by inducing migration/proliferation of both populations into a myocardial wound model. Finally, CiC factors modulate matrix turnover and proinflammation. Taking the results together, we show that CiCs could help tip the balance from fibrosis toward repair.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Samiksha Mahapatra
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC 20057-145
| | | | - Breanna Brownson
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC 20057-145.,Rye High School, Rye, NY 10580
| | - Vaughn E Gallicano
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC 20057-145.,Thomas Edison High School, Alexandria, VA 22310
| | - G Ian Gallicano
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC 20057-145
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Reduction of Activin Receptor-Like Kinase 4 Expression Ameliorates Myocardial Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury through Inhibiting TGFβ Signaling Pathway. Anal Cell Pathol 2022; 2022:5242323. [PMID: 35402148 PMCID: PMC8989591 DOI: 10.1155/2022/5242323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Revised: 02/05/2022] [Accepted: 03/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The activation of activin receptor-like kinase 4 (ALK4) signaling plays a pivotal role in the pressure-overloaded heart, and haplodeficiency of ALK4 can alleviate cardiac fibrosis secondary to myocardial infarction and preserve cardiac function through partially inactivating the Smad3/4 pathway. However, whether transforming growth factor (TGF) β signaling is involved in the beneficial effects of ALK4 knockdown on the ischemic heart is still unclear. This study was undertaken to investigate the change in the TGFβ signaling after ALK4 knockdown in vivo and in vitro. Forty C57BL/6J mice were randomized into ALK4+/- ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) group (ALK4+/-+I/R, n = 10), ALK4+/- sham group (ALK4+/-+sham, n = 10), wild-type sham group (WT+sham, n = 10), and WT I/R group (WT+I/R, n = 10). Heart histology and the levels of cytokines related to antioxidant and inflammation, as well as protein and mRNA expressions of molecules associated with TGFβ pathway, were examined in different groups. Our results showed that the reduction of ALK4 expression ameliorated myocardial I/R injury through inhibiting TGFβ signaling pathway. Our findings indicate that ALK4 may become a novel target for the therapy of myocardial I/R injury.
Collapse
|
5
|
Aimo A, Iborra-Egea O, Martini N, Galvez-Monton C, Burchielli S, Panichella G, Passino C, Emdin M, Bayes-Genis A. Cardiac protection by pirfenidone after myocardial infarction: a bioinformatic analysis. Sci Rep 2022; 12:4691. [PMID: 35304529 PMCID: PMC8933518 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-08523-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2021] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Left ventricular (LV) remodeling after myocardial infarction (MI) is promoted by an intense fibrotic response, which could be targeted by the anti-fibrotic drug pirfenidone. We explored the relationship between protein modulation by pirfenidone and post-MI remodeling, based on molecular information and transcriptomic data from a swine model of MI. We identified 6 causative motives of post-MI remodeling (cardiomyocyte cell death, impaired myocyte contractility, extracellular matrix remodeling and fibrosis, hypertrophy, renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system activation, and inflammation), 4 pirfenidone targets and 21 bioflags (indirect effectors). Pirfenidone had a more widespread action than gold-standard drugs, encompassing all 6 motives, with prominent effects on p38γ-MAPK12, the TGFβ1-SMAD2/3 pathway and other effector proteins such as matrix metalloproteases 2 and 14, PDGFA/B, and IGF1. A bioinformatic approach allowed to identify several possible mechanisms of action of pirfenidone with beneficial effects in the post-MI LV remodeling, and suggests additional effects over guideline-recommended therapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Aimo
- Institute of Life Sciences, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Piazza Martiri della Libertà 33, 56124, Pisa, Italy. .,Cardiology Division, Fondazione Toscana Gabriele Monasterio, Pisa, Italy.
| | - Oriol Iborra-Egea
- ICREC (Heart Failure and Cardiac Regeneration) Research Programme, Health Sciences Research Institute Germans Trias I Pujol (IGTP), Barcelona, Spain.,CIBER Cardiovascular, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Nicola Martini
- Cardiology Division, Fondazione Toscana Gabriele Monasterio, Pisa, Italy
| | - Carolina Galvez-Monton
- ICREC (Heart Failure and Cardiac Regeneration) Research Programme, Health Sciences Research Institute Germans Trias I Pujol (IGTP), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Silvia Burchielli
- Cardiology Division, Fondazione Toscana Gabriele Monasterio, Pisa, Italy
| | - Giorgia Panichella
- Institute of Life Sciences, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Piazza Martiri della Libertà 33, 56124, Pisa, Italy
| | - Claudio Passino
- Institute of Life Sciences, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Piazza Martiri della Libertà 33, 56124, Pisa, Italy.,Cardiology Division, Fondazione Toscana Gabriele Monasterio, Pisa, Italy
| | - Michele Emdin
- Institute of Life Sciences, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Piazza Martiri della Libertà 33, 56124, Pisa, Italy.,Cardiology Division, Fondazione Toscana Gabriele Monasterio, Pisa, Italy
| | - Antoni Bayes-Genis
- ICREC (Heart Failure and Cardiac Regeneration) Research Programme, Health Sciences Research Institute Germans Trias I Pujol (IGTP), Barcelona, Spain.,CIBER Cardiovascular, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Signaling pathways and targeted therapy for myocardial infarction. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2022; 7:78. [PMID: 35273164 PMCID: PMC8913803 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-022-00925-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 213] [Impact Index Per Article: 106.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2021] [Revised: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Although the treatment of myocardial infarction (MI) has improved considerably, it is still a worldwide disease with high morbidity and high mortality. Whilst there is still a long way to go for discovering ideal treatments, therapeutic strategies committed to cardioprotection and cardiac repair following cardiac ischemia are emerging. Evidence of pathological characteristics in MI illustrates cell signaling pathways that participate in the survival, proliferation, apoptosis, autophagy of cardiomyocytes, endothelial cells, fibroblasts, monocytes, and stem cells. These signaling pathways include the key players in inflammation response, e.g., NLRP3/caspase-1 and TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB; the crucial mediators in oxidative stress and apoptosis, for instance, Notch, Hippo/YAP, RhoA/ROCK, Nrf2/HO-1, and Sonic hedgehog; the controller of myocardial fibrosis such as TGF-β/SMADs and Wnt/β-catenin; and the main regulator of angiogenesis, PI3K/Akt, MAPK, JAK/STAT, Sonic hedgehog, etc. Since signaling pathways play an important role in administering the process of MI, aiming at targeting these aberrant signaling pathways and improving the pathological manifestations in MI is indispensable and promising. Hence, drug therapy, gene therapy, protein therapy, cell therapy, and exosome therapy have been emerging and are known as novel therapies. In this review, we summarize the therapeutic strategies for MI by regulating these associated pathways, which contribute to inhibiting cardiomyocytes death, attenuating inflammation, enhancing angiogenesis, etc. so as to repair and re-functionalize damaged hearts.
Collapse
|
7
|
Deng HY, He ZY, Dong ZC, Zhang YL, Han X, Li HH. MicroRNA-451a attenuates angiotensin II-induced cardiac fibrosis and inflammation by directly targeting T-box1. J Physiol Biochem 2021; 78:257-269. [PMID: 34851490 DOI: 10.1007/s13105-021-00861-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Hypertension or angiotensin II (Ang II) induces cardiac inflammation and fibrosis, thus contributing to cardiac remodeling. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are considered crucial regulators of cardiac homeostasis and remodeling in response to various types of stress. It has been reported that miR-451a is involved in regulating ischemic heart injury. However, its role in Ang II-induced cardiac fibrosis remains unknown. Cardiac remodeling was induced in mice by infusion of low-dose Ang II (490 ng/kg/min) with a minipump for 2 weeks. Echocardiography and histological examinations were performed to evaluate cardiac function and pathological changes. We observed that miR-451a expression was the most significantly downregulated in the hearts of Ang II-infused mice and in both primary cardiac myocytes and fibroblasts. Overexpression of miR-451a in mice significantly attenuated Ang II-induced cardiac fibrosis and inflammation. Conversely, knockdown of miR-451a in mice aggravated this effect. Bioinformatics analysis and a luciferase reporter assay revealed that TBX1 was a direct target of miR-451a. Mechanistically, miR-451a directly targeted TBX1 expression, which inhibited TGF-β1 production in both cardiac myocytes and fibroblasts, inactivating of TGF-β1/SMAD2/3 signaling, inhibiting myofibroblast differentiation and proinflammatory cytokine expression, and leading to attenuation of cardiac fibrosis and inflammation. In conclusion, these results indicate that miR-451a acts as a novel regulator of Ang II-induced cardiac fibrosis and inflammation by directly targeting TBX1, and may be a promising therapeutic target for treating hypertensive cardiac diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hao-Yuan Deng
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, China.
| | - Ze-Yin He
- Department of Cardiology, Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116011, China
| | - Zhi-Chao Dong
- Department of Cardiology, Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116011, China
| | - Yun-Long Zhang
- Emergency Medicine Clinical Research Center, Key Laboratory of Cardiopulmonary Cerebral Resuscitation, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100020, China
| | - Xiao Han
- Emergency Medicine Clinical Research Center, Key Laboratory of Cardiopulmonary Cerebral Resuscitation, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100020, China
| | - Hui-Hua Li
- Emergency Medicine Clinical Research Center, Key Laboratory of Cardiopulmonary Cerebral Resuscitation, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100020, China.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Protection of CAPE-pNO 2 Against Chronic Myocardial Ischemia by the TGF-Β1/Galectin-3 Pathway In Vivo and In Vitro. Inflammation 2021; 45:1039-1058. [PMID: 34817763 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-021-01600-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2021] [Revised: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Although it is known that caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE) and its derivatives could ameliorate acute myocardial injury, their effects on chronic myocardial ischemia (CMI) were not reported. This study aimed to investigate the potential effect of caffeic acid p-nitro phenethyl ester (CAPE-pNO2, a derivative of CAPE) on CMI and underlying mechanisms. SD rats were subjected to high-fat-cholesterol-diet (HFCD) and vitamin D3, and the H9c2 cells were treated with LPS to establish CMI model, followed by the respective treatment with saline, CAPE, or CAPE-pNO2. In vivo, CAPE-pNO2 could reduce serum lipid levels and improve impaired cardiac function and morphological changes. Data of related assays indicated that CAPE-pNO2 downregulated the expression of transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) and galectin-3 (Gal-3). Besides, CAPE-pNO2 decreased collagen deposition, the number of apoptotic cardiomyocytes, and some related downstream proteins of Gal-3 in the CMI rats. Interestingly, the effects of CAPE-pNO2 on TGF-β1, Gal-3, and other proteins expressed in the lung were consistent with that in the heart. In vitro, CAPE-pNO2 could attenuate the fibrosis, apoptosis, and inflammation by activating TGF-β1/Gal-3 pathway in LPS-induced H9c2 cell. However, CAPE-pNO2-mediated cardioprotection can be eliminated when treated with modified citrus pectin (MCP, an inhibitor of Gal-3). And in comparison, CAPE-pNO2 presented stronger effects than CAPE. This study indicates that CAPE-pNO2 may ameliorate CMI by suppressing fibrosis, inflammation, and apoptosis via the TGF-β1/Gal-3 pathway in vivo and in vitro.
Collapse
|
9
|
Chen Y, He T, Zhang Z, Zhang J. Activation of SIRT1 by Resveratrol Alleviates Pressure Overload-Induced Cardiac Hypertrophy via Suppression of TGF-β1 Signaling. Pharmacology 2021; 106:667-681. [PMID: 34518478 DOI: 10.1159/000518464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Silent information regulator 1 (SIRT1) has been extensively investigated in the cardiovascular system and has been shown to play a pivotal role in mediating cell death/survival, energy production, and oxidative stress. However, the functional role of SIRT1 in pressure overload-induced cardiac hypertrophy and dysfunction remains unclear. Resveratrol (Rsv), a widely used activator of SIRT1, has been reported to protect against cardiovascular disease. We here examine whether activation of SIRT1 by Rsv attenuate pressure overload-induced cardiac hypertrophy and to identify the underlying molecular mechanisms. METHODS In vivo, rat model of pressure overload-induced myocardial hypertrophy was established by abdominal aorta constriction (AAC) procedure. In vitro, Angiotensin II (Ang II) was applied to induce hypertrophy in cultured neonatal rat cardiomyocytes (NCMs). Hemodynamics and histological analyses of the heart were evaluated. The expression of SIRT1, transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1)/phosphorylated (p)-small mother against decapentaplegic (Smad)3 and hypertrophic markers were determined by immunofluorescence, real-time PCR, and Western blotting techniques. RESULTS In the current study, Rsv treatment improved left ventricular function and reduced left ventricular hypertrophy and cardiac fibrosis significantly in the pressure overload rats. The expression of SIRT1 was significantly reduced, while the expression of TGF-β1/p-Smad3 was significantly enhanced in AAC afflicted rat heart. Strikingly, treatment with Rsv restored the expressions of SIRT1 and TGF-β1/p-Smad3 under AAC influence. However, SIRT1 inhibitor Sirtinol (Snl) markedly prevented the effects of Rsv, which suggest that SIRT1 signaling pathway was involved in the cardiac protective effect of Rsv. In vitro studies performed in Ang II-induced hypertrophy in NCMs confirmed the cardiac protective effect of Rsv. Furthermore, the study presented that SIRT1 negatively correlated with the cardiac hypertrophy, cardiac fibrosis, and the TGF-β1/p-Smad3 expression. CONCLUSIONS Taken together, these results indicated that activation of SIRT1 by Rsv attenuates cardiac hypertrophy, cardiac fibrosis, and improves cardiac function possibly via regulation of the TGF-β1/p-Smad3 signaling pathway. Our study may provide a potential therapeutic strategy for cardiac hypertrophy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yong Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shenzhen University General Hospital, Shenzhen, China.,Department of Neurosurgery, Shenzhen University Clinical Medical Academy, Shenzhen, China.,Department of Neurosurgery, Tianyou Hospital, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Ting He
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University (Shenzhen People's Hospital), Shenzhen, China.,Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine Postdoctoral Research Station, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhongjun Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University (Shenzhen People's Hospital), Shenzhen, China.,Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital (Shenzhen People's Hospital), Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Junzhi Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University (Shenzhen People's Hospital), Shenzhen, China.,Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital (Shenzhen People's Hospital), Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Schlecht A, Vallon M, Wagner N, Ergün S, Braunger BM. TGFβ-Neurotrophin Interactions in Heart, Retina, and Brain. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11091360. [PMID: 34572573 PMCID: PMC8464756 DOI: 10.3390/biom11091360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2021] [Revised: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Ischemic insults to the heart and brain, i.e., myocardial and cerebral infarction, respectively, are amongst the leading causes of death worldwide. While there are therapeutic options to allow reperfusion of ischemic myocardial and brain tissue by reopening obstructed vessels, mitigating primary tissue damage, post-infarction inflammation and tissue remodeling can lead to secondary tissue damage. Similarly, ischemia in retinal tissue is the driving force in the progression of neovascular eye diseases such as diabetic retinopathy (DR) and age-related macular degeneration (AMD), which eventually lead to functional blindness, if left untreated. Intriguingly, the easily observable retinal blood vessels can be used as a window to the heart and brain to allow judgement of microvascular damages in diseases such as diabetes or hypertension. The complex neuronal and endocrine interactions between heart, retina and brain have also been appreciated in myocardial infarction, ischemic stroke, and retinal diseases. To describe the intimate relationship between the individual tissues, we use the terms heart-brain and brain-retina axis in this review and focus on the role of transforming growth factor β (TGFβ) and neurotrophins in regulation of these axes under physiologic and pathologic conditions. Moreover, we particularly discuss their roles in inflammation and repair following ischemic/neovascular insults. As there is evidence that TGFβ signaling has the potential to regulate expression of neurotrophins, it is tempting to speculate, and is discussed here, that cross-talk between TGFβ and neurotrophin signaling protects cells from harmful and/or damaging events in the heart, retina, and brain.
Collapse
|
11
|
Labazi H, Nilsen M, MacLean MR. Sex-dependent right ventricular hypertrophic gene changes after methamphetamine treatment in mice. Eur J Pharmacol 2021; 900:174066. [PMID: 33789156 PMCID: PMC8111419 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2021.174066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2020] [Revised: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Methamphetamine (MA) abuse is associated with the development of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) and subsequent right ventricular failure. A recent clinical study demonstrated that female sex is a major risk factor for MA-induced PAH. The mechanisms associated with increased prevalence and severity of MA-induced PAH in females are still unclear. We hypothesized that MA may promote changes in gene expression in the right ventricle contributing to the development and/or worsening of PAH in females. Male and female C57BL/6 mice were treated with either MA or vehicle. Right and left ventricular systolic pressures (RVSP and LVSP, respectively) were assessed and tissue samples were collected for gene expression and histology. LVSP and RVSP were not affected by MA in either males or females. Right ventricular hypertrophy was significantly increased by MA in females but it was not affected by MA in males. In the female mice, MA-induced right ventricular hypertrophy was associated with increased expression of brain natriuretic peptide gene and members of the TGF-β receptor signaling pathway such as TGF-β receptor-1, smad3 and smad7. In male mice, there were no changes in right ventricular gene expression. Our results suggest that MA caused right ventricular hypertrophy in female mice, but not in males and that this was associated with an increase in hypertrophic genes. The right ventricular hypertrophy was not dependent on increased RVSP suggesting a direct effect of MA on the right ventricle. If this translates to PAH patients, it might explain the poor outcome observed in MA-associated female PAH patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hicham Labazi
- Institute of Cardiovascular & Medical Sciences and College of Medical, Veterinary & Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK; Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, UK.
| | - Margaret Nilsen
- Institute of Cardiovascular & Medical Sciences and College of Medical, Veterinary & Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK; Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, UK
| | - Margaret R MacLean
- Institute of Cardiovascular & Medical Sciences and College of Medical, Veterinary & Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK; Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, UK
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Luo LF, Guan P, Qin LY, Wang JX, Wang N, Ji ES. Astragaloside IV inhibits adriamycin-induced cardiac ferroptosis by enhancing Nrf2 signaling. Mol Cell Biochem 2021; 476:2603-2611. [PMID: 33656642 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-021-04112-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2020] [Accepted: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Astragaloside IV (AsIV), an active ingredient isolated from traditional Chinese medicine astragalus membranaceus, is beneficial to cardiovascular health. This study aimed to characterize the functional role of AsIV against adriamycin (ADR)-induced cardiomyopathy. Here, healthy rats were treated with ADR and/or AsIV for 35 days. We found that AsIV protected the rats against ADR-induced cardiomyopathy characterized by myocardial fibrosis and cardiac dysfunction. Meanwhile, ADR increased type I and III collagens, TGF-β, NOX2, and NOX4 expression and SMAD2/3 activity in the left ventricles of rats, while those effects were countered by AsIV through suppressing oxidative stress. Moreover, ADR was found to promote cardiac ferroptosis, whereas administration of AsIV attenuated the process via activating Nrf2 signaling pathway and the subsequent GPx4 expression increasing. These results suggest that AsIV might play a protective role against ADR-induced myocardial fibrosis, which may partly attribute to its anti-ferroptotic action by enhancing Nrf2 signaling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Li-Fei Luo
- Department of Physiology, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Peng Guan
- Department of Physiology, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China.,College of Life Science, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Lu-Yun Qin
- Department of Physiology, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Jian-Xin Wang
- Department of Physiology, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Na Wang
- Department of Physiology, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China.
| | - En-Sheng Ji
- Department of Physiology, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Barbosa J, Faria J, Garcez F, Leal S, Afonso LP, Nascimento AV, Moreira R, Pereira FC, Queirós O, Carvalho F, Dinis-Oliveira RJ. Repeated Administration of Clinically Relevant Doses of the Prescription Opioids Tramadol and Tapentadol Causes Lung, Cardiac, and Brain Toxicity in Wistar Rats. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2021; 14:ph14020097. [PMID: 33513867 PMCID: PMC7912343 DOI: 10.3390/ph14020097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2021] [Revised: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Tramadol and tapentadol, two structurally related synthetic opioid analgesics, are widely prescribed due to the enhanced therapeutic profiles resulting from the synergistic combination between μ-opioid receptor (MOR) activation and monoamine reuptake inhibition. However, the number of adverse reactions has been growing along with their increasing use and misuse. The potential toxicological mechanisms for these drugs are not completely understood, especially for tapentadol, owing to its shorter market history. Therefore, in the present study, we aimed to comparatively assess the putative lung, cardiac, and brain cortex toxicological damage elicited by the repeated exposure to therapeutic doses of both prescription opioids. To this purpose, male Wistar rats were intraperitoneally injected with single daily doses of 10, 25, and 50 mg/kg tramadol or tapentadol, corresponding to a standard analgesic dose, an intermediate dose, and the maximum recommended daily dose, respectively, for 14 consecutive days. Such treatment was found to lead mainly to lipid peroxidation and inflammation in lung and brain cortex tissues, as shown through augmented thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), as well as to increased serum inflammation biomarkers, such as C reactive protein (CRP) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α). Cardiomyocyte integrity was also shown to be affected, since both opioids incremented serum lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and α-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase (α-HBDH) activities, while tapentadol was associated with increased serum creatine kinase muscle brain (CK-MB) isoform activity. In turn, the analysis of metabolic parameters in brain cortex tissue revealed increased lactate concentration upon exposure to both drugs, as well as augmented LDH and creatine kinase (CK) activities following tapentadol treatment. In addition, pneumo- and cardiotoxicity biomarkers were quantified at the gene level, while neurotoxicity biomarkers were quantified both at the gene and protein levels; changes in their expression correlate with the oxidative stress, inflammatory, metabolic, and histopathological changes that were detected. Hematoxylin and eosin (H & E) staining revealed several histopathological alterations, including alveolar collapse and destruction in lung sections, inflammatory infiltrates, altered cardiomyocytes and loss of striation in heart sections, degenerated neurons, and accumulation of glial and microglial cells in brain cortex sections. In turn, Masson's trichrome staining confirmed fibrous tissue deposition in cardiac tissue. Taken as a whole, these results show that the repeated administration of both prescription opioids extends the dose range for which toxicological injury is observed to lower therapeutic doses. They also reinforce previous assumptions that tramadol and tapentadol are not devoid of toxicological risk even at clinical doses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joana Barbosa
- IINFACTS—Institute of Research and Advanced Training in Health Sciences and Technologies, Department of Sciences, University Institute of Health Sciences (IUCS), CESPU, CRL, 4585-116 Gandra, Portugal; (J.F.); (F.G.); (S.L.); (A.V.N.); (R.M.); (O.Q.)
- UCIBIO, REQUIMTE—Laboratory of Toxicology, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal;
- Department of Public Health and Forensic Sciences, and Medical Education, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
- Correspondence: (J.B.); (R.J.D.-O.); Tel.: +351-224-157-216 (J.B.); +351-224-157-216 (R.J.D.-O.)
| | - Juliana Faria
- IINFACTS—Institute of Research and Advanced Training in Health Sciences and Technologies, Department of Sciences, University Institute of Health Sciences (IUCS), CESPU, CRL, 4585-116 Gandra, Portugal; (J.F.); (F.G.); (S.L.); (A.V.N.); (R.M.); (O.Q.)
- UCIBIO, REQUIMTE—Laboratory of Toxicology, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal;
| | - Fernanda Garcez
- IINFACTS—Institute of Research and Advanced Training in Health Sciences and Technologies, Department of Sciences, University Institute of Health Sciences (IUCS), CESPU, CRL, 4585-116 Gandra, Portugal; (J.F.); (F.G.); (S.L.); (A.V.N.); (R.M.); (O.Q.)
| | - Sandra Leal
- IINFACTS—Institute of Research and Advanced Training in Health Sciences and Technologies, Department of Sciences, University Institute of Health Sciences (IUCS), CESPU, CRL, 4585-116 Gandra, Portugal; (J.F.); (F.G.); (S.L.); (A.V.N.); (R.M.); (O.Q.)
- Department of Biomedicine, Unit of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
- CINTESIS—Center for Health Technology and Services Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, 4200-450 Porto, Portugal
| | - Luís Pedro Afonso
- Department of Pathology, Portuguese Institute of Oncology of Porto, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal;
| | - Ana Vanessa Nascimento
- IINFACTS—Institute of Research and Advanced Training in Health Sciences and Technologies, Department of Sciences, University Institute of Health Sciences (IUCS), CESPU, CRL, 4585-116 Gandra, Portugal; (J.F.); (F.G.); (S.L.); (A.V.N.); (R.M.); (O.Q.)
| | - Roxana Moreira
- IINFACTS—Institute of Research and Advanced Training in Health Sciences and Technologies, Department of Sciences, University Institute of Health Sciences (IUCS), CESPU, CRL, 4585-116 Gandra, Portugal; (J.F.); (F.G.); (S.L.); (A.V.N.); (R.M.); (O.Q.)
| | - Frederico C. Pereira
- Institute of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics/iCBR, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-354 Coimbra, Portugal;
| | - Odília Queirós
- IINFACTS—Institute of Research and Advanced Training in Health Sciences and Technologies, Department of Sciences, University Institute of Health Sciences (IUCS), CESPU, CRL, 4585-116 Gandra, Portugal; (J.F.); (F.G.); (S.L.); (A.V.N.); (R.M.); (O.Q.)
| | - Félix Carvalho
- UCIBIO, REQUIMTE—Laboratory of Toxicology, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal;
| | - Ricardo Jorge Dinis-Oliveira
- IINFACTS—Institute of Research and Advanced Training in Health Sciences and Technologies, Department of Sciences, University Institute of Health Sciences (IUCS), CESPU, CRL, 4585-116 Gandra, Portugal; (J.F.); (F.G.); (S.L.); (A.V.N.); (R.M.); (O.Q.)
- UCIBIO, REQUIMTE—Laboratory of Toxicology, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal;
- Department of Public Health and Forensic Sciences, and Medical Education, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
- Correspondence: (J.B.); (R.J.D.-O.); Tel.: +351-224-157-216 (J.B.); +351-224-157-216 (R.J.D.-O.)
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Euler G, Locquet F, Kociszewska J, Osygus Y, Heger J, Schreckenberg R, Schlüter KD, Kenyeres É, Szabados T, Bencsik P, Ferdinandy P, Schulz R. Matrix Metalloproteinases Repress Hypertrophic Growth in Cardiac Myocytes. Cardiovasc Drugs Ther 2021; 35:353-365. [PMID: 33400052 PMCID: PMC7994223 DOI: 10.1007/s10557-020-07138-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Purpose Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are identified as modulators of the extracellular matrix in heart failure progression. However, evidence for intracellular effects of MMPs is emerging. Pro- and anti-hypertrophic cardiac effects are described. This may be due to the various sources of different MMPs in the heart tissue. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to determine the role of MMPs in hypertrophic growth of isolated rat ventricular cardiac myocytes. Methods Cardiomyocytes were isolated form ventricular tissues of the rat hearts by collagenase perfusion. RT-qPCR, western blots, and zymography were used for expression and MMP activity analysis. Cross-sectional area and the rate of protein synthesis were determined as parameters for hypertrophic growth. Results MMP-1, MMP-2, MMP-3, MMP-9 and MMP-14 mRNAs were detected in cardiomyocytes, and protein expression of MMP-2, MMP-9, and MMP-14 was identified. Hypertrophic stimulation of cardiomyocytes did not enhance, but interestingly decreased expression of MMPs, indicating that downregulation of MMPs may promote hypertrophic growth. Indeed, the nonselective MMP inhibitors TAPI-0 or TIMP2 and the MMP-2-selective ARP-100 enhanced hypertrophic growth. Furthermore, TAPI-0 increased phosphorylation and thus activation of extracellular signaling kinase (ERK) and Akt (protein kinase B), as well as inhibition of glycogen synthase 3β (GSK3β). Abrogation of MEK/ERK- or phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase(PI3K)/Akt/GSK3β-signaling with PD98059 or LY290042, respectively, inhibited hypertrophic growth under TAPI-0. Conclusion MMPs’ inhibition promotes hypertrophic growth in cardiomyocytes in vitro. Therefore, MMPs in the healthy heart may be important players to repress cardiac hypertrophy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gerhild Euler
- Institute of Physiology, Justus-Liebig-Universität Giessen, Aulweg 129, 35392, Giessen, Germany.
| | - Fabian Locquet
- Institute of Physiology, Justus-Liebig-Universität Giessen, Aulweg 129, 35392, Giessen, Germany
| | - Joanna Kociszewska
- Institute of Physiology, Justus-Liebig-Universität Giessen, Aulweg 129, 35392, Giessen, Germany
| | - Yvonne Osygus
- Institute of Physiology, Justus-Liebig-Universität Giessen, Aulweg 129, 35392, Giessen, Germany
| | - Jacqueline Heger
- Institute of Physiology, Justus-Liebig-Universität Giessen, Aulweg 129, 35392, Giessen, Germany
| | - Rolf Schreckenberg
- Institute of Physiology, Justus-Liebig-Universität Giessen, Aulweg 129, 35392, Giessen, Germany
| | - Klaus-Dieter Schlüter
- Institute of Physiology, Justus-Liebig-Universität Giessen, Aulweg 129, 35392, Giessen, Germany
| | - Éva Kenyeres
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Tamara Szabados
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Péter Bencsik
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
- Pharmahungary Group, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Péter Ferdinandy
- Pharmahungary Group, Szeged, Hungary
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Rainer Schulz
- Institute of Physiology, Justus-Liebig-Universität Giessen, Aulweg 129, 35392, Giessen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Pan W, Wang H, Zhang X, Xu P, Wang G, Li Y, Huang K, Zhang Y, Zhao H, Du R, Huang H, Zhang X, Zhang J. miR-210 Participates in Hepatic Ischemia Reperfusion Injury by Forming a Negative Feedback Loop With SMAD4. Hepatology 2020; 72:2134-2148. [PMID: 32155285 PMCID: PMC7818437 DOI: 10.1002/hep.31221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2019] [Revised: 02/21/2020] [Accepted: 03/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Hepatic ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury is a major complication of liver transplantation, resection, and hemorrhagic shock. Hypoxia is a key pathological event associated with IR injury. MicroRNA-210 (miR-210) has been characterized as a micromanager of hypoxia pathway. However, its function and mechanism in hepatic IR injury is unknown. APPROACH AND RESULTS In this study, we found miR-210 was induced in liver tissues from patients subjected to IR-related surgeries. In a murine model of hepatic IR, the level of miR-210 was increased in hepatocytes but not in nonparenchymal cells. miR-210 deficiency remarkably alleviated liver injury, cell inflammatory responses, and cell death in a mouse hepatic IR model. In vitro, inhibition of miR-210 decreased hypoxia/reoxygenation (HR)-induced cell apoptosis of primary hepatocytes and LO2 cells, whereas overexpression of miR-210 increased cells apoptosis during HR. Mechanistically, miR-210 directly suppressed mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 4 (SMAD4) expression under normoxia and hypoxia condition by directly binding to the 3' UTR of SMAD4. The pro-apoptotic effect of miR-210 was alleviated by SMAD4, whereas short hairpin SMAD4 abrogated the anti-apoptotic role of miR-210 inhibition in primary hepatocytes. Further studies demonstrated that hypoxia-induced SMAD4 transported into nucleus, in which SMAD4 directly bound to the promoter of miR-210 and transcriptionally induced miR-210, thus forming a negative feedback loop with miR-210. CONCLUSIONS Our study implicates a crucial role of miR-210-SMAD4 interaction in hepatic IR-induced cell death and provides a promising therapeutic approach for liver IR injury.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wen‐Ming Pan
- Department of Emergency SurgeryUnion HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
| | - Hui Wang
- Department of Emergency SurgeryUnion HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
- Department of Medical GeneticsBasic School of Tongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
| | - Xiao‐Fei Zhang
- Center for Translational MedicineUnion HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
| | - Peng Xu
- Department of Emergency SurgeryUnion HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
| | - Guo‐Liang Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary SurgeryUnion HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
| | - Yi‐Jing Li
- Department of Medical GeneticsBasic School of Tongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
| | - Kun‐Peng Huang
- Department of Emergency SurgeryUnion HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
| | - Yun‐Wei Zhang
- Department of EmergencyUnion HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
| | - Huan Zhao
- College of Life SciencesWuhan UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Run‐Lei Du
- College of Life SciencesWuhan UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Hai Huang
- Department of SurgeryUnion HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
| | - Xiao‐Dong Zhang
- College of Life SciencesWuhan UniversityWuhanChina
- Department of SurgeryUnion HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
| | - Jin‐Xiang Zhang
- Department of Emergency SurgeryUnion HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanChina
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Investigating the potential effects of selective histone deacetylase 6 inhibitor ACY1215 on infarct size in rats with cardiac ischemia-reperfusion injury. BMC Pharmacol Toxicol 2020; 21:21. [PMID: 32178737 PMCID: PMC7077123 DOI: 10.1186/s40360-020-0400-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2019] [Accepted: 02/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite the fact that histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors have been tested to treat various cardiovascular diseases, the effects of selective HDAC6 inhibitor ACY1215 on infarct size during cardiac ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury still remain unknown. In the present study we aimed to investigate the effects of ACY1215 on infarct size in rats with cardiac IR injury, as well as to examine the association between HDAC6 inhibitors and the gene expression of hypoxia inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α), a key regulator of cellular responses to hypoxia. METHODS By using computational analysis of high-throughput expression profiling dataset, the association between HDAC inhibitors (pan-HDAC inhibitors panobinostat and vorinostat, and HDAC6 inhibitor ISOX) and their effects on HIF-1α gene-expression were evaluated. The male Wistar rats treated with ligation of left coronary artery followed by reperfusion were used as a cardiac IR model. ACY1215 (50 mg/kg), pan-HDAC inhibitor MPT0E028 (25 mg/kg), and vehicle were intraperitoneally injected within 5 min before reperfusion. The infarct size in rat myocardium was determined by 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride staining. The serum levels of transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) and C-reactive protein (CRP) were also determined. RESULTS The high-throughput gene expression assay showed that treatment of ISOX was associated with a more decreased gene expression of HIF-1α than that of panobinostat and vorinostat. Compared to control rats, ACY1215-treated rats had a smaller infarct size (49.75 ± 9.36% vs. 19.22 ± 1.70%, p < 0.05), while MPT0E028-treated rats had a similar infarct size to control rats. ACY-1215- and MPT0E028-treated rats had a trend in decreased serum TGF-β levels, but not statistically significant. ACY1215-treated rats also had higher serum CRP levels compared to control rats (641.6 μg/mL vs. 961.37 ± 64.94 μg/mL, p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Our research indicated that HDAC6 inhibition by ACY1215 might reduce infarct size in rats with cardiac IR injury possibly through modulating HIF-1α expression. TGF-β and CRP should be useful biomarkers to monitor the use of ACY1215 in cardiac IR injury.
Collapse
|
17
|
Dronkers E, Wauters MMM, Goumans MJ, Smits AM. Epicardial TGFβ and BMP Signaling in Cardiac Regeneration: What Lesson Can We Learn from the Developing Heart? Biomolecules 2020; 10:biom10030404. [PMID: 32150964 PMCID: PMC7175296 DOI: 10.3390/biom10030404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2020] [Revised: 02/29/2020] [Accepted: 03/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The epicardium, the outer layer of the heart, has been of interest in cardiac research due to its vital role in the developing and diseased heart. During development, epicardial cells are active and supply cells and paracrine cues to the myocardium. In the injured adult heart, the epicardium is re-activated and recapitulates embryonic behavior that is essential for a proper repair response. Two indispensable processes for epicardial contribution to heart tissue formation are epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT), and tissue invasion. One of the key groups of cytokines regulating both EMT and invasion is the transforming growth factor β (TGFβ) family, including TGFβ and Bone Morphogenetic Protein (BMP). Abundant research has been performed to understand the role of TGFβ family signaling in the developing epicardium. However, less is known about signaling in the adult epicardium. This review provides an overview of the current knowledge on the role of TGFβ in epicardial behavior both in the development and in the repair of the heart. We aim to describe the presence of involved ligands and receptors to establish if and when signaling can occur. Finally, we discuss potential targets to improve the epicardial contribution to cardiac repair as a starting point for future investigation.
Collapse
|
18
|
Seok H. A New Member of Myocardial Ischemia-Reperfusion (MI/R) Associated miRNAs, miR-484: Its Potential Cardiac Protection Role. Korean Circ J 2020; 50:264-266. [PMID: 32100482 PMCID: PMC7043955 DOI: 10.4070/kcj.2019.0413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2019] [Accepted: 12/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Heeyoung Seok
- Division of Life Sciences, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Gao L, Yang L, Wang L, Geng Z, Wei Y, Gourley G, Zhang J. Relationship Between the Efficacy of Cardiac Cell Therapy and the Inhibition of Differentiation of Human iPSC-Derived Nonmyocyte Cardiac Cells Into Myofibroblast-Like Cells. Circ Res 2019; 123:1313-1325. [PMID: 30566050 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.118.313094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE Myofibroblasts are believed to evolve from precursor cells; however, whether noncardiomyocyte cardiac cells (NMCCs; ie, endothelial cells, smooth muscle cells, pericytes, and fibroblasts) that have been derived from human-induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) can transdifferentiate into myofibroblast-like cells, and if so, whether this process reduces the efficacy of hiPSC-NMCC therapy, is unknown. OBJECTIVE To determine whether hiPSC-NMCCs can differentiate to myofibroblast-like cells and whether limiting the transdifferentiation of hiPSC-NMCCs can improve their effectiveness for myocardial repair. METHODS AND RESULTS When endothelial cells, smooth muscle cells, pericytes, and fibroblasts that had been generated from hiPSCs were cultured with TGF-β (transforming growth factor-β), the expression of myofibroblast markers increased, whereas endothelial cell, smooth muscle cell, pericyte, and fibroblast marker expression declined. TGF-β-associated myofibroblast differentiation was accompanied by increases in the signaling activity of Smad, Snail, and mTOR (mammalian target of rapamycin). However, measures of pathway activation, proliferation, apoptosis, migration, and protein expression in hiPSC-endothelial cell-derived, smooth muscle cell-derived, pericyte-derived, and fibroblast-derived myofibroblast-like cells differed. Furthermore, when hiPSC-NMCCs were transplanted into the hearts of mice after myocardial infarction, ≈21% to 35% of the transplanted hiPSC-NMCCs expressed myofibroblast markers 1 week later, compared with <7% of transplanted cells ( P<0.01, each cell type) in animals that were treated with both hiPSC-NMCCs and the TGF-β inhibitor galunisertib. Galunisertib coadministration was also associated with significant improvements in fibrotic area, left ventricular dilatation, vascular density, and cardiac function. CONCLUSIONS hiPSC-NMCCs differentiate into myofibroblast-like cells when cultured with TGF-β or when transplanted into infarcted mouse hearts, and the phenotypes of the myofibroblast-like cells can differ depending on the lineage of origin. TGF-β inhibition significantly improved the efficacy of transplanted hiPSC-NMCCs for cardiac repair, perhaps by limiting the differentiation of hiPSC-NMCCs into myofibroblast-like cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ling Gao
- From the Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Alabama at Birmingham (L.G., L.W., Y.W., J.Z.)
| | - Libang Yang
- Department of Medicine (L.Y., Z.G.), University of Minnesota, Minneapolis
| | - Lu Wang
- From the Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Alabama at Birmingham (L.G., L.W., Y.W., J.Z.)
| | - Zhaohui Geng
- Department of Medicine (L.Y., Z.G.), University of Minnesota, Minneapolis
| | - Yuhua Wei
- From the Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Alabama at Birmingham (L.G., L.W., Y.W., J.Z.)
| | - Glenn Gourley
- Department of Pediatrics (G.G.), University of Minnesota, Minneapolis (G.G.)
| | - Jianyi Zhang
- From the Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Alabama at Birmingham (L.G., L.W., Y.W., J.Z.)
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Abdelsalam L, Ibrahim AA, Shalaby A, Osman N, Hashad A, Badawy D, Elghobary H, Amer E. Expression of miRNAs-122, -192 and -499 in end stage renal disease associated with acute myocardial infarction. Arch Med Sci 2019; 15:1247-1253. [PMID: 31572470 PMCID: PMC6764293 DOI: 10.5114/aoms.2019.87095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2017] [Accepted: 05/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION New diagnostic tools are needed to accurately detect acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in patients with end stage renal disease (ESRD) presenting with ischemic chest pain. We aimed in this study to investigate circulating miR-122, -192 and -499 expression levels in patients with AMI on top of ESRD and evaluate the potential of these miRNAs as blood-based biomarkers for AMI in patients with ESRD. MATERIAL AND METHODS The study included 80 ESRD patients without AMI, 80 patients with ESRD associated with AMI and 60 healthy subjects. Assessment of microRNAs was done using SYBR Green based real-time PCR. RESULTS Levels of miR-122 were 28-fold and 20-fold higher in controls than in ESRD patients with or without AMI respectively (p < 0.001), while no differences were detected between the two patient groups (p = 0.9). Levels of miR-192 showed a marked increase in ESRD patients with and without AMI compared to the control group (> 500-fold, > 8000-fold respectively, p ≤ 0.001). Patients who developed AMI had lower expression than ESRD patients without AMI (p < 0.001). Non-significant miR-499 elevation was found in ESRD patients without cardiac disease compared to the control group, while highly significant elevation of miR- 499 was demonstrated in ESRD patients who developed AMI compared to other ESRD patients and the control group (> 100-fold, > 350-fold respectively, p = 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Altered expression of miR-122 and -192 may contribute in pathogenesis of ESRD. MiR-192 and -499 may serve as potential biomarkers for AMI in ESRD. Further studies are needed to correlate these miRNAs with disease progression and outcome.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lobna Abdelsalam
- Clinical and Chemical Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Alshaymaa A. Ibrahim
- Clinical and Chemical Pathology Department, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Aliaa Shalaby
- Clinical and Chemical Pathology Department, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Noha Osman
- Nephrology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Assem Hashad
- Cardiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Dina Badawy
- Clinical and Chemical Pathology department, Alzahraa University hospital, Al-azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Hany Elghobary
- Clinical and Chemical Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Eman Amer
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ahram Canadian University, Cairo, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Mao S, Vincent M, Chen M, Zhang M, Hinek A. Exploration of Multiple Signaling Pathways Through Which Sodium Tanshinone IIA Sulfonate Attenuates Pathologic Remodeling Experimental Infarction. Front Pharmacol 2019; 10:779. [PMID: 31354493 PMCID: PMC6639725 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.00779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2018] [Accepted: 06/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The level of maladaptive myocardial remodeling consistently contributes to the poor prognosis of patients following a myocardial infarction (MI). In this study, we investigated whether and how sodium tanshinone IIA sulfonate (STS) would attenuate the post-infarct cardiac remodeling in mice model of MI developing after surgical ligation of the left coronary artery. All mice subjected to experimental MI or to the sham procedure were then treated for the following 4 weeks, either with STS or with a vehicle alone. Results of our studies indicated that STS treatment of MI mice prevented the left ventricular dilatation and improved their cardiac function. Results of further tests, aimed at mechanistic explanation of the beneficial effects of STS, indicated that treatment with this compound enhanced the autophagy and, at the same time, inhibited apoptosis of the cardiomyocytes. Meaningfully, we have also established that myocardium of STS-treated mice displayed significantly higher levels of adenosine monophosphate kinase than their untreated counterparts and that this effect additionally associated with the significantly diminished activities of apoptotic promoters: mammalian target of rapamycin and P70S6 kinase. Moreover, we also found that additional administration of the adenosine monophosphate kinase inhibitor (compound C) or autophagy inhibitor (chloroquine) practically eliminated the observed beneficial effects of STS. In conclusion, we suggest that the described multistage mechanism triggered by STS treatment enhanced autophagy, thereby attenuating pathologic remodeling of the post-infarct hearts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Mao
- Key Discipline of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Second Clinical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Critical Care Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Matthew Vincent
- Medical School, St. George's, University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Maosheng Chen
- Key Discipline of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Second Clinical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Critical Care Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Minzhou Zhang
- Key Discipline of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Second Clinical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Critical Care Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Aleksander Hinek
- Physiology & Experimental Medicine, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Schroer A, Pardon G, Castillo E, Blair C, Pruitt B. Engineering hiPSC cardiomyocyte in vitro model systems for functional and structural assessment. PROGRESS IN BIOPHYSICS AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2019; 144:3-15. [PMID: 30579630 PMCID: PMC6919215 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbiomolbio.2018.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2018] [Revised: 09/24/2018] [Accepted: 12/04/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The study of human cardiomyopathies and the development and testing of new therapies has long been limited by the availability of appropriate in vitro model systems. Cardiomyocytes are highly specialized cells whose internal structure and contractile function are sensitive to the local microenvironment and the combination of mechanical and biochemical cues they receive. The complementary technologies of human induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC) derived cardiomyocytes (CMs) and microphysiological systems (MPS) allow for precise control of the genetics and microenvironment of human cells in in vitro contexts. These combined systems also enable quantitative measurement of mechanical function and intracellular organization. This review describes relevant factors in the myocardium microenvironment that affect CM structure and mechanical function and demonstrates the application of several engineered microphysiological systems for studying development, disease, and drug discovery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alison Schroer
- Departments of Mechanical Engineering and Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA.
| | - Gaspard Pardon
- Departments of Mechanical Engineering and Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Erica Castillo
- Departments of Mechanical Engineering and Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA; Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of California at Santa Barbara, USA
| | - Cheavar Blair
- Departments of Mechanical Engineering and Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA; Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of California at Santa Barbara, USA
| | - Beth Pruitt
- Departments of Mechanical Engineering and Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA; Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of California at Santa Barbara, USA
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Villalobos E, Criollo A, Schiattarella GG, Altamirano F, French KM, May HI, Jiang N, Nhi Nguyen NU, Romero D, Roa JC, García L, Diaz-Araya G, Morselli E, Ferdous A, Conway SJ, Sadek HA, Gillette TG, Lavandero S, Hill JA. Fibroblast Primary Cilia Are Required for Cardiac Fibrosis. Circulation 2019; 139:2342-2357. [PMID: 30818997 PMCID: PMC6517085 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.117.028752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2017] [Accepted: 02/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The primary cilium is a singular cellular structure that extends from the surface of many cell types and plays crucial roles in vertebrate development, including that of the heart. Whereas ciliated cells have been described in developing heart, a role for primary cilia in adult heart has not been reported. This, coupled with the fact that mutations in genes coding for multiple ciliary proteins underlie polycystic kidney disease, a disorder with numerous cardiovascular manifestations, prompted us to identify cells in adult heart harboring a primary cilium and to determine whether primary cilia play a role in disease-related remodeling. METHODS Histological analysis of cardiac tissues from C57BL/6 mouse embryos, neonatal mice, and adult mice was performed to evaluate for primary cilia. Three injury models (apical resection, ischemia/reperfusion, and myocardial infarction) were used to identify the location and cell type of ciliated cells with the use of antibodies specific for cilia (acetylated tubulin, γ-tubulin, polycystin [PC] 1, PC2, and KIF3A), fibroblasts (vimentin, α-smooth muscle actin, and fibroblast-specific protein-1), and cardiomyocytes (α-actinin and troponin I). A similar approach was used to assess for primary cilia in infarcted human myocardial tissue. We studied mice silenced exclusively in myofibroblasts for PC1 and evaluated the role of PC1 in fibrogenesis in adult rat fibroblasts and myofibroblasts. RESULTS We identified primary cilia in mouse, rat, and human heart, specifically and exclusively in cardiac fibroblasts. Ciliated fibroblasts are enriched in areas of myocardial injury. Transforming growth factor β-1 signaling and SMAD3 activation were impaired in fibroblasts depleted of the primary cilium. Extracellular matrix protein levels and contractile function were also impaired. In vivo, depletion of PC1 in activated fibroblasts after myocardial infarction impaired the remodeling response. CONCLUSIONS Fibroblasts in the neonatal and adult heart harbor a primary cilium. This organelle and its requisite signaling protein, PC1, are required for critical elements of fibrogenesis, including transforming growth factor β-1-SMAD3 activation, production of extracellular matrix proteins, and cell contractility. Together, these findings point to a pivotal role of this organelle, and PC1, in disease-related pathological cardiac remodeling and suggest that some of the cardiovascular manifestations of autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease derive directly from myocardium-autonomous abnormalities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Villalobos
- Department of Internal Medicine (Cardiology), University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390-8573, USA
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Faculty of Chemical Pharmaceutical Sciences & Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago 8380492, Chile
| | - Alfredo Criollo
- Department of Internal Medicine (Cardiology), University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390-8573, USA
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Faculty of Chemical Pharmaceutical Sciences & Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago 8380492, Chile
- Research Institute for Odontology Sciences, Faculty of Odontology, University of Chile, Santiago 8380492, Chile
| | - Gabriele G. Schiattarella
- Department of Internal Medicine (Cardiology), University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390-8573, USA
| | - Francisco Altamirano
- Department of Internal Medicine (Cardiology), University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390-8573, USA
| | - Kristin M. French
- Department of Internal Medicine (Cardiology), University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390-8573, USA
| | - Herman I. May
- Department of Internal Medicine (Cardiology), University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390-8573, USA
| | - Nan Jiang
- Department of Internal Medicine (Cardiology), University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390-8573, USA
| | - Ngoc Uyen Nhi Nguyen
- Department of Internal Medicine (Cardiology), University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390-8573, USA
| | - Diego Romero
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Pontifical Catholic University of Chile, Santiago 7820436, Chile
| | - Juan Carlos Roa
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Pontifical Catholic University of Chile, Santiago 7820436, Chile
| | - Lorena García
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Faculty of Chemical Pharmaceutical Sciences & Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago 8380492, Chile
| | - Guillermo Diaz-Araya
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Faculty of Chemical Pharmaceutical Sciences & Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago 8380492, Chile
| | - Eugenia Morselli
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Pontifical Catholic University of Chile, Santiago 7820436, Chile
| | - Anwarul Ferdous
- Department of Internal Medicine (Cardiology), University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390-8573, USA
| | - Simon J. Conway
- Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202-3082 USA
| | - Hesham A. Sadek
- Department of Internal Medicine (Cardiology), University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390-8573, USA
| | - Thomas G. Gillette
- Department of Internal Medicine (Cardiology), University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390-8573, USA
| | - Sergio Lavandero
- Department of Internal Medicine (Cardiology), University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390-8573, USA
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Faculty of Chemical Pharmaceutical Sciences & Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago 8380492, Chile
| | - Joseph A. Hill
- Department of Internal Medicine (Cardiology), University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390-8573, USA
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390-8573, USA
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Lin CF, Su CJ, Liu JH, Chen ST, Huang HL, Pan SL. Potential Effects of CXCL9 and CCL20 on Cardiac Fibrosis in Patients with Myocardial Infarction and Isoproterenol-Treated Rats. J Clin Med 2019; 8:jcm8050659. [PMID: 31083544 PMCID: PMC6572441 DOI: 10.3390/jcm8050659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2019] [Revised: 05/02/2019] [Accepted: 05/09/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The chemokines CXCL9 and CCL20 have been reported to be associated with ventricular dysfunction. This study was aimed to investigate the effects of CXCL9/CCL20 on cardiac fibrosis following myocardial infarction (MI). Blood samples of patients with MI were obtained to determine the serum CXCL9, CCL20, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β). The expression of CXCL9 and CCL20 in hypoxia-incubated H9c2 cells and TNF-α/TGF-β-activated peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were examined. The experimental MI of rats was produced by the intraperitoneal injection of isoproterenol (ISO) (85 mg/kg/day) for two consecutive days. The growth and migration of CXCL9/CCL20-incubated cardiac fibroblasts in vitro were evaluated. TNF-α/TGF-β-activated PBMCs showed an enhanced expression of CXCL9 and CCL20, while hypoxic H9c2 cells did not. Patients with MI had significantly enhanced levels of serum TGF-β and CXCL9 compared to healthy subjects. ISO-treated rats had increased serum CXCL9 levels and marked cardiac fibrosis compared to control rats. The trend of increased serum CCL20 in patients with MI and ISO-treated rats was not significant. CXCL9-incubated cardiac fibroblasts showed enhanced proliferation and migration. The findings of this study suggest that an enhanced expression of CXCL9 following MI might play a role in post-MI cardiac fibrosis by activating cardiac fibroblasts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chao-Feng Lin
- Ph.D. Program for Cancer Molecular Biology and Drug Discovery, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University and Academia Sinica, Taipei 110, Taiwan.
- Department of Medicine, MacKay Medical College, New Taipei City 252, Taiwan.
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei 104, Taiwan.
| | - Chih-Jou Su
- Ph.D. Program for Cancer Molecular Biology and Drug Discovery, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University and Academia Sinica, Taipei 110, Taiwan.
| | - Jia-Hong Liu
- Graduate Institute of Cancer Molecular Biology and Drug Discovery, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan.
| | - Shui-Tien Chen
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan.
| | - Han-Li Huang
- TMU Biomedical Commercialization Center, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan.
| | - Shiow-Lin Pan
- Graduate Institute of Cancer Molecular Biology and Drug Discovery, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan.
- TMU Biomedical Commercialization Center, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan.
- Ph.D. Program in Biotechnology Research and Development, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
The Cellular Senescence-Inhibited Gene Is Essential for PPM1A Myristoylation To Modulate Transforming Growth Factor β Signaling. Mol Cell Biol 2018; 38:MCB.00414-18. [PMID: 30201805 DOI: 10.1128/mcb.00414-18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2018] [Accepted: 09/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The cellular senescence-inhibited gene (CSIG) is implicated in important biological processes, including cellular senescence and apoptosis. Our work showed that CSIG is involved in the myristoylation of the serine/threonine protein phosphatase PPM1A. Previous research has shown that myristoylation is necessary for PPM1A to dephosphorylate Smad2 and Smad3. However, the control and the biological significance of the myristoylation remain poorly understood. In this study, we found that CSIG knockdown disturbs PPM1A myristoylation and reduces the dephosphorylation by PPM1A of its substrate Smad2. By regulating PPM1A myristoylation, CSIG is involved in modulating the signaling of transforming growth factor β (TGF-β). Further study of the mechanism indicated that CSIG facilitates the interaction between N-myristoyltransferase 1 (NMT1) and PPM1A. Taking the data together, we found that CSIG is a regulator of PPM1A myristoylation and TGF-β signaling. By promoting the myristoylation of PPM1A, CSIG enhanced the phosphatase activity of PPM1A and further inhibited TGF-β signaling. This work not only extends the biological significance of CSIG but also provides new ideas and a reference for the study of the regulatory mechanism of myristoylation.
Collapse
|
26
|
Inhibitory Effects of Momordicine I on High-Glucose-Induced Cell Proliferation and Collagen Synthesis in Rat Cardiac Fibroblasts. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2018; 2018:3939714. [PMID: 30402205 PMCID: PMC6196925 DOI: 10.1155/2018/3939714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2018] [Accepted: 09/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Diabetes-associated cardiac fibrosis is a severe cardiovascular complication. Momordicine I, a bioactive triterpenoid isolated from bitter melon, has been demonstrated to have antidiabetic properties. This study investigated the effects of momordicine I on high-glucose-induced cardiac fibroblast activation. Rat cardiac fibroblasts were cultured in a high-glucose (25 mM) medium in the absence or presence of momordicine I, and the changes in collagen synthesis, transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) production, and related signaling molecules were assessed. Increased oxidative stress plays a critical role in the development of high-glucose-induced cardiac fibrosis; we further explored momordicine I's antioxidant activity and its effect on fibroblasts. Our data revealed that a high-glucose condition promoted fibroblast proliferation and collagen synthesis and these effects were abolished by momordicine I (0.3 and 1 μM) pretreatment. Furthermore, the inhibitory effect of momordicine I on high-glucose-induced fibroblast activation may be associated with its activation of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and the inhibition of reactive oxygen species formation, TGF-β1 production, and Smad2/3 phosphorylation. The addition of brusatol (a selective inhibitor of Nrf2) or Nrf2 siRNA significantly abolished the inhibitory effect of momordicine I on fibroblast activation. Our findings revealed that the antifibrotic effect of momordicine I was mediated, at least partially, by the inhibition of the TGF-β1/Smad pathway, fibroblast proliferation, and collagen synthesis through Nrf2 activation. Thus, this work provides crucial insights into the molecular pathways for the clinical application of momordicine I for treating diabetes-associated cardiac fibrosis.
Collapse
|
27
|
Rol N, Kurakula KB, Happé C, Bogaard HJ, Goumans MJ. TGF-β and BMPR2 Signaling in PAH: Two Black Sheep in One Family. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19092585. [PMID: 30200294 PMCID: PMC6164161 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19092585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2018] [Revised: 08/21/2018] [Accepted: 08/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Knowledge pertaining to the involvement of transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) and bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) signaling in pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is continuously increasing. There is a growing understanding of the function of individual components involved in the pathway, but a clear synthesis of how these interact in PAH is currently lacking. Most of the focus has been on signaling downstream of BMPR2, but it is imperative to include the role of TGF-β signaling in PAH. This review gives a state of the art overview of disturbed signaling through the receptors of the TGF-β family with respect to vascular remodeling and cardiac effects as observed in PAH. Recent (pre)-clinical studies in which these two pathways were targeted will be discussed with an extended view on cardiovascular research fields outside of PAH, indicating novel future perspectives.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nina Rol
- Department of Pulmonology, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, 1081HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
- Department of Physiology, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, 1081HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Konda Babu Kurakula
- Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333ZA Leiden, The Netherlands.
| | - Chris Happé
- Department of Pulmonology, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, 1081HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
- Department of Physiology, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, 1081HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Harm Jan Bogaard
- Department of Pulmonology, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, 1081HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Marie-José Goumans
- Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333ZA Leiden, The Netherlands.
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Lee JS, Jeong SJ, Kim S, Chalifour L, Yun TJ, Miah MA, Li B, Majdoubi A, Sabourin A, Keler T, Guimond JV, Haddad E, Choi EY, Epelman S, Choi JH, Thibodeau J, Oh GT, Cheong C. Conventional Dendritic Cells Impair Recovery after Myocardial Infarction. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2018; 201:1784-1798. [PMID: 30097529 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1800322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2018] [Accepted: 07/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Ischemic myocardial injury results in sterile cardiac inflammation that leads to tissue repair, two processes controlled by mononuclear phagocytes. Despite global burden of cardiovascular diseases, we do not understand the functional contribution to pathogenesis of specific cardiac mononuclear phagocyte lineages, in particular dendritic cells. To address this limitation, we used detailed lineage tracing and genetic studies to identify bona fide murine and human CD103+ conventional dendritic cell (cDC)1s, CD11b+ cDC2s, and plasmacytoid DCs (pDCs) in the heart of normal mice and immunocompromised NSG mice reconstituted with human CD34+ cells, respectively. After myocardial infarction (MI), the specific depletion of cDCs, but not pDCs, improved cardiac function and prevented adverse cardiac remodeling. Our results showed that fractional shortening measured after MI was not influenced by the absence of pDCs. Interestingly, however, depletion of cDCs significantly improved reduction in fractional shortening. Moreover, fibrosis and cell areas were reduced in infarcted zones. This correlated with reduced numbers of cardiac macrophages, neutrophils, and T cells, indicating a blunted inflammatory response. Accordingly, mRNA levels of proinflammatory cytokines IL-1β and IFN-γ were reduced. Collectively, our results demonstrate the unequivocal pathological role of cDCs following MI.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jun Seong Lee
- Département de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec H3T 1J4, Canada.,Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec H2W 1R7, Canada.,Laboratoire d'Immunologie Moléculaire, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec H3T 1J4, Canada
| | - Se-Jin Jeong
- Immune and Vascular Cell Network Research Center, National Creative Initiatives, Department of Life Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 120-750, South Korea
| | - Sinai Kim
- Immune and Vascular Cell Network Research Center, National Creative Initiatives, Department of Life Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 120-750, South Korea
| | - Lorraine Chalifour
- Lady Davis Institute, Division of Experimental Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3T 1E2, Canada
| | - Tae Jin Yun
- Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec H2W 1R7, Canada.,Division of Experimental Medicine, Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H4A 3J1, Canada
| | - Mohammad Alam Miah
- Département de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec H3T 1J4, Canada.,Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec H2W 1R7, Canada
| | - Bin Li
- Département de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec H3T 1J4, Canada.,Département de Biologie Moléculaire, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec H3T 1J4, Canada
| | - Abdelilah Majdoubi
- Département de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec H3T 1J4, Canada.,Laboratoire d'Immunologie Moléculaire, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec H3T 1J4, Canada
| | - Antoine Sabourin
- Département de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec H3T 1J4, Canada.,Laboratoire d'Immunologie Moléculaire, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec H3T 1J4, Canada
| | | | - Jean V Guimond
- Centre de Santé et de Services Sociaux Jeanne-Mance, Montreal, Quebec H2T 2R9, Canada
| | - Elie Haddad
- Département de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec H3T 1J4, Canada.,Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine Research Center, Montreal, Quebec H3T 1C5, Canada
| | - Eui-Young Choi
- Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 06273, South Korea
| | - Slava Epelman
- Peter Munk Cardiac Center, Toronto, Ontario M5G 2N2, Canada.,Ted Rogers Centre for Heart Research, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1X8, Canada.,Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario M5G 2C4, Canada; and
| | - Jae-Hoon Choi
- Department of Life Science, College of Natural Sciences, Research Institute for Natural Sciences, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, South Korea
| | - Jacques Thibodeau
- Département de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec H3T 1J4, Canada; .,Laboratoire d'Immunologie Moléculaire, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec H3T 1J4, Canada
| | - Goo Taeg Oh
- Immune and Vascular Cell Network Research Center, National Creative Initiatives, Department of Life Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 120-750, South Korea;
| | - Cheolho Cheong
- Département de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec H3T 1J4, Canada.,Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec H2W 1R7, Canada.,Division of Experimental Medicine, Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H4A 3J1, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Transforming Growth Factor Beta (TFG-β) Concentration Isoforms are Diminished in Acute Coronary Syndrome. Cell Biochem Biophys 2018; 76:433-439. [PMID: 30003432 DOI: 10.1007/s12013-018-0849-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2017] [Accepted: 07/03/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Acute coronary syndrome (ACS) is the leading cause of death in elderly patients worldwide. Due its participation in apoptosis, fibrosis, and angiogenesis, transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) isoforms had been categorized as risk factors for cardiovascular diseases. However, due their contradictory activities, a cardioprotective role has been suggested. The aim was to measure the plasma levels of TGF-β1, 2, and 3 proteins in patients with ACS. This was a case-control study including 225 subjects. The three activated isoforms were measured in serum using the Bio-Plex Pro TGF-β assay by means of magnetic beads; the fluorescence intensity of reporter signal was read in a Bio-Plex Magpix instrument. We observed a significant reduction of the three activated isoforms of TGF-β in patients with ACS. The three TGF-β isoforms were positively correlated with each other in moderate-to-strong manner. TGFβ-2 was inversely correlated with glucose and low-density lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol, whereas TGF-β3 was inversely correlated with the serum cholesterol concentration. The production of TGF-β1, TGF-β2, and TGF-β3 are decreased in the serum of patients with ACS. Further follow-up controlled studies with a larger sample size are needed, in order to test whether TGF-β isoforms could be useful as biomarkers that complement the diagnosis of ACS.
Collapse
|
30
|
Feng M, Li Z, Wang D, Wang F, Wang C, Wang C, Ding F. MicroRNA-210 aggravates hypoxia-induced injury in cardiomyocyte H9c2 cells by targeting CXCR4. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 102:981-987. [PMID: 29710553 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.03.151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2017] [Revised: 03/23/2018] [Accepted: 03/26/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Myocardial infarction (MI), a leading cause of mortality, is identified as the myocardial necrosis due to prolonged ischemia. Hypoxia, resulting from ischemia, induces cell apoptosis during MI. Since miR-210 is a hypoxia inducible factor, we aimed to explore the functional role of miR-210 in hypoxic H9c2 cells. METHODS Hypoxia-induced cell injury was evaluated according to cell viability, apoptosis and expression of apoptosis-associated proteins. miR-210 expression after hypoxia was tested. Then, miR-210 was overexpressed or silenced, and its effects on viability and apoptosis of H9c2 cells under normoxia and hypoxia were measured. Utilizing bioinformatics method, possible target genes of miR-210 were screened, and the interaction between miR-210 and target gene was investigated. Moreover, the effect of co-transfections with microRNAs and small interfering RNAs on hypoxia-induced cell injury as well as the possible involved signaling pathways was also determined. RESULTS Hypoxia induced cell injury and up-regulation of miR-210 in H9c2 cells. Hypoxia-induced cell injury was aggravated by miR-210 overexpression but was attenuated by miR-210 suppression. CXC chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4) was a target gene of miR-210, and CXCR4 inhibition could reverse the effects of miR-210 inhibition on H9c2 cells. Furthermore, the key kinases involved in the SMAD and mTOR signaling pathways were down-regulated by hypoxia, and the down-regulations were reversed by miR-210 suppression through modulating CXCR4. CONCLUSION miR-210 was up-regulated in hypoxic H9c2 cells. Suppression of miR-210 attenuated hypoxia-induced cell injury in H9c2 cells by targeting CXCR4, along with activations of the SMAD and mTOR signaling pathways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Min Feng
- Department of Cardiology, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, 256603, China.
| | - Zongqing Li
- Department of Cardiology, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, 256603, China
| | - Dong Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, 256603, China.
| | - Fang Wang
- Department of State-owned Assets Management, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, 256603, China
| | - Chenyan Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, 256603, China
| | - Chunfang Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, 256603, China
| | - Faming Ding
- Department of Cardiology, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, 256603, China
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Wu J, Jackson-Weaver O, Xu J. The TGFβ superfamily in cardiac dysfunction. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2018; 50:323-335. [PMID: 29462261 DOI: 10.1093/abbs/gmy007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
TGFβ superfamily includes the transforming growth factor βs (TGFβs), bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs), growth and differentiation factors (GDFs) and Activin/Inhibin families of ligands. Among the 33 members of TGFβ superfamily ligands, many act on multiple types of cells within the heart, including cardiomyocytes, cardiac fibroblasts/myofibroblasts, coronary endothelial cells, smooth muscle cells, and immune cells (e.g. monocytes/macrophages and neutrophils). In this review, we highlight recent discoveries on TGFβs, BMPs, and GDFs in different cardiac residential cellular components, in association with functional impacts in heart development, injury repair, and dysfunction. Specifically, we will review the roles of TGFβs, BMPs, and GDFs in cardiac hypertrophy, fibrosis, contractility, metabolism, angiogenesis, and regeneration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jian Wu
- Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, Herman Ostrow School of Dentistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Olan Jackson-Weaver
- Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, Herman Ostrow School of Dentistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Jian Xu
- Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, Herman Ostrow School of Dentistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Milan M, Pace V, Maiullari F, Chirivì M, Baci D, Maiullari S, Madaro L, Maccari S, Stati T, Marano G, Frati G, Puri PL, De Falco E, Bearzi C, Rizzi R. Givinostat reduces adverse cardiac remodeling through regulating fibroblasts activation. Cell Death Dis 2018; 9:108. [PMID: 29371598 PMCID: PMC5833837 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-017-0174-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2017] [Revised: 11/10/2017] [Accepted: 11/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are a major burden on the healthcare system: indeed, over two million new cases are diagnosed every year worldwide. Unfortunately, important drawbacks for the treatment of these patients derive from our current inability to stop the structural alterations that lead to heart failure, the common endpoint of many CVDs. In this scenario, a better understanding of the role of epigenetics – hereditable changes of chromatin that do not alter the DNA sequence itself – is warranted. To date, hyperacetylation of histones has been reported in hypertension and myocardial infarction, but the use of inhibitors for treating CVDs remains limited. Here, we studied the effect of the histone deacetylase inhibitor Givinostat on a mouse model of acute myocardial infarction. We found that it contributes to decrease endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition and inflammation, reducing cardiac fibrosis and improving heart performance and protecting the blood vessels from apoptosis through the modulatory effect of cardiac fibroblasts on endothelial cells. Therefore, Givinostat may have potential for the treatment of CVDs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marika Milan
- Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology (IBCN), National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Monterotondo Scalo, Rome, 00015, Italy
| | - Valentina Pace
- Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology (IBCN), National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Monterotondo Scalo, Rome, 00015, Italy
| | - Fabio Maiullari
- Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology (IBCN), National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Monterotondo Scalo, Rome, 00015, Italy.,Operational Research Unit, Fondazione di Ricerca e Cura Giovanni Paolo II, Largo Gemelli 1, Campobasso, Italy
| | - Maila Chirivì
- Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology (IBCN), National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Monterotondo Scalo, Rome, 00015, Italy
| | - Denisa Baci
- Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology (IBCN), National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Monterotondo Scalo, Rome, 00015, Italy
| | - Silvia Maiullari
- Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology (IBCN), National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Monterotondo Scalo, Rome, 00015, Italy
| | - Luca Madaro
- IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Rome, 00142, Italy
| | - Sonia Maccari
- Centro di Riferimento per la Medicina di Genere Istituto Superiore di Sanità Viale Regina Elena, 299, Roma, Italy
| | - Tonino Stati
- Centro di Riferimento per la Medicina di Genere Istituto Superiore di Sanità Viale Regina Elena, 299, Roma, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Marano
- Centro di Riferimento per la Medicina di Genere Istituto Superiore di Sanità Viale Regina Elena, 299, Roma, Italy
| | - Giacomo Frati
- Department of Medical Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome, 04100, Latina, Italy.,Department of AngioCardioNeurology, IRCCS NeuroMed, 86077, Pozzilli (IS), Italy
| | - Pier Lorenzo Puri
- Development, Aging and Regeneration Program, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Elena De Falco
- Department of Medical Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome, 04100, Latina, Italy
| | - Claudia Bearzi
- Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology (IBCN), National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Monterotondo Scalo, Rome, 00015, Italy.
| | - Roberto Rizzi
- Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology (IBCN), National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Monterotondo Scalo, Rome, 00015, Italy. .,Operational Research Unit, Fondazione di Ricerca e Cura Giovanni Paolo II, Largo Gemelli 1, Campobasso, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Thiagarajan D, O’ Shea K, Sreejit G, Ananthakrishnan R, Quadri N, Li Q, Schmidt AM, Gabbay K, Ramasamy R. Aldose reductase modulates acute activation of mesenchymal markers via the β-catenin pathway during cardiac ischemia-reperfusion. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0188981. [PMID: 29190815 PMCID: PMC5708684 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0188981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2017] [Accepted: 11/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Aldose reductase (AR: human, AKR1B1; mouse, AKR1B3), the first enzyme in the polyol pathway, plays a key role in mediating myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. In earlier studies, using transgenic mice broadly expressing human AKR1B1 to human-relevant levels, mice devoid of Akr1b3, and pharmacological inhibitors of AR, we demonstrated that AR is an important component of myocardial I/R injury and that inhibition of this enzyme protects the heart from I/R injury. In this study, our objective was to investigate if AR modulates the β-catenin pathway and consequent activation of mesenchymal markers during I/R in the heart. To test this premise, we used two different experimental models: in vivo, Akr1b3 null mice and wild type C57BL/6 mice (WT) were exposed to acute occlusion of the left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD) followed by recovery for 48 hours or 28 days, and ex-vivo, WT and Akr1b3 null murine hearts were perfused using the Langendorff technique (LT) and subjected to 30 min of global (zero-flow) ischemia followed by 60 min of reperfusion. Our in vivo results reveal reduced infarct size and improved functional recovery at 48 hours in mice devoid of Akr1b3 compared to WT mice. We demonstrate that the cardioprotection observed in Akr1b3 null mice was linked to acute activation of the β-catenin pathway and consequent activation of mesenchymal markers and genes linked to fibrotic remodeling. The increased activity of the β-catenin pathway at 48 hours of recovery post-LAD was not observed at 28 days post-infarction, thus indicating that the observed increase in β-catenin activity was transient in the mice hearts devoid of Akr1b3. In ex vivo studies, inhibition of β-catenin blocked the cardioprotection observed in Akr1b3 null mice hearts. Taken together, these data indicate that AR suppresses acute activation of β-catenin and, thereby, blocks consequent induction of mesenchymal markers during early reperfusion after myocardial ischemia. Inhibition of AR might provide a therapeutic opportunity to optimize cardiac remodeling after I/R injury.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Devi Thiagarajan
- Diabetes Research Program, Department of Medicine, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Karen O’ Shea
- Diabetes Research Program, Department of Medicine, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Gopalkrishna Sreejit
- Diabetes Research Program, Department of Medicine, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Radha Ananthakrishnan
- Diabetes Research Program, Department of Medicine, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Nosirudeen Quadri
- Diabetes Research Program, Department of Medicine, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Qing Li
- Diabetes Research Program, Department of Medicine, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Ann Marie Schmidt
- Diabetes Research Program, Department of Medicine, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Kenneth Gabbay
- Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Nutrition Research Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Ravichandran Ramasamy
- Diabetes Research Program, Department of Medicine, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, New York, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Endothelial Mesenchymal Transition in Hypoxic Microvascular Endothelial Cells and Paracrine Induction of Cardiomyocyte Apoptosis Are Mediated via TGFβ₁/SMAD Signaling. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18112290. [PMID: 29088068 PMCID: PMC5713260 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18112290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2017] [Revised: 10/24/2017] [Accepted: 10/30/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiac remodeling plays a crucial role in the development of heart failure after mycocardial infarction. Besides cardiomyocytes, endothelial cells are recognized to contribute to cardiac remodeling. We now investigated processes of endothelial mesenchymal transition (EndoMT) in microvascular endothelial cells of rat (MVEC) under hypoxia and paracrine effects on ventricular cardiomyocytes of adult rat. Exposure of MVECs to hypoxia/reoxygenation enhanced TGFβ/SMAD signaling, since phosphorylation, and thus activation, of SMAD1/5 and SMAD2 increased. This increase was blocked by inhibitors of TGFβ receptor types ALK1 or ALK5. Exposure of ventricular cardiomyocytes to conditioned medium from hypoxic/reoxygenated MVECs enhanced SMAD2 phosphorylation and provoked apoptosis in cardiomyoyctes. Both were blocked by ALK5 inhibition. To analyze autocrine effects of hypoxic TGFβ signaling we investigated EndoMT in MVECs. After 3 days of hypoxia the mesenchymal marker protein α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), and the number of α-SMA- and fibroblast specific protein 1 (FSP1)-positive cells increased in MVECs cultures. This was blocked by ALK5 inhibition. Similarly, TGFβ1 provoked enhanced expression of α-SMA and FSP1 in MVECs. In conclusion, hypoxia provokes EndoMT in MVECs via TGFβ1/SMAD2 signaling. Furthermore, release of TGFβ1 from MVECs acts in a paracrine loop on cardiomyocytes and provokes apoptotic death. Thus, in myocardial infarction hypoxic endothelial cells may contribute to cardiac remodeling and heart failure progression by promotion of cardiac fibrosis and cardiomyocytes death.
Collapse
|
35
|
Bürgi J, Kunz B, Abrami L, Deuquet J, Piersigilli A, Scholl-Bürgi S, Lausch E, Unger S, Superti-Furga A, Bonaldo P, van der Goot FG. CMG2/ANTXR2 regulates extracellular collagen VI which accumulates in hyaline fibromatosis syndrome. Nat Commun 2017; 8:15861. [PMID: 28604699 PMCID: PMC5472780 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms15861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2016] [Accepted: 05/09/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Loss-of-function mutations in capillary morphogenesis gene 2 (CMG2/ANTXR2), a transmembrane surface protein, cause hyaline fibromatosis syndrome (HFS), a severe genetic disorder that is characterized by large subcutaneous nodules, gingival hypertrophy and severe painful joint contracture. Here we show that CMG2 is an important regulator of collagen VI homoeostasis. CMG2 loss of function promotes accumulation of collagen VI in patients, leading in particular to nodule formation. Similarly, collagen VI accumulates massively in uteri of Antxr2-/- mice, which do not display changes in collagen gene expression, and leads to progressive fibrosis and sterility. Crossing Antxr2-/- with Col6a1-/- mice leads to restoration of uterine structure and reversion of female infertility. We also demonstrate that CMG2 may act as a signalling receptor for collagen VI and mediates its intracellular degradation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jérôme Bürgi
- Global Health Institute, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne 1015, Switzerland
| | - Béatrice Kunz
- Global Health Institute, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne 1015, Switzerland
| | - Laurence Abrami
- Global Health Institute, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne 1015, Switzerland
| | - Julie Deuquet
- Global Health Institute, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne 1015, Switzerland
| | - Alessandra Piersigilli
- Comparative Mouse Physiology Platform, Faculty of Life Sciences, EPFL, Lausanne 1015, Switzerland
- Institute of Animal Pathology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Länggassstrasse 122, Bern 3012, Switzerland
| | - Sabine Scholl-Bürgi
- Medical University of Innsbruck, Clinic for Pediatrics I, Inherited Metabolic Disorders, Anichstrasse 35, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Ekkehart Lausch
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Freiburg, Freiburg 79106, Germany
| | - Sheila Unger
- Division of Molecular Pediatrics, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, University of Lausanne, Lausanne 1011, Switzerland
| | - Andrea Superti-Furga
- Division of Molecular Pediatrics, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, University of Lausanne, Lausanne 1011, Switzerland
| | - Paolo Bonaldo
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, Padova 35122, Italy
| | - F. Gisou van der Goot
- Global Health Institute, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne 1015, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Effects of Total Flavone from Rhododendron simsii Planch. Flower on Postischemic Cardiac Dysfunction and Cardiac Remodeling in Rats. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2017; 2017:5389272. [PMID: 28684968 PMCID: PMC5480058 DOI: 10.1155/2017/5389272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2016] [Revised: 03/29/2017] [Accepted: 04/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
This study investigated the effect of total flavone from Rhododendron simsii Planch. flower (TFR) on postischemic cardiac dysfunction and ventricular remodeling and was to test the hypothesis that TFR has an antiventricular remodeling effect through inhibition of urotensin-II receptor- (UTR-) mediated activation of RhoA-ROCK pathways. Twenty-four hours after ligation of the left anterior descending coronary artery, male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomized to receive 4-week treatment with saline (model group) or TFR. Compared to the model group, TFR treatment restored cardiac function, attenuated cardiomyocyte hypertrophy, and reduced interstitial fibrosis. Expression levels of several fibrosis-related factors, including alpha-smooth muscle actin, transforming growth factor-beta 1, matrix metalloproteinase-2, and collagen type I, were increased after MI. TFR treatment attenuated the upregulation of these factors, downregulated UTR expression, and markedly diminished the expression of RhoA and ROCK1/2. These results suggested that TFR could improve cardiac function and ameliorate ventricular remodeling through blocking UTR-mediated activation of RhoA-ROCK pathways in myocardial infarction rats.
Collapse
|
37
|
Liu G, Ma C, Yang H, Zhang PY. Transforming growth factor β and its role in heart disease. Exp Ther Med 2017; 13:2123-2128. [PMID: 28565818 PMCID: PMC5443237 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2017.4246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2016] [Accepted: 12/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Myocardial infarction (MI) is a major form of heart disease that leads to immediate cardiomyocyte death due to ischemia and eventually fibrosis and scar formation and further dysfunction of myocardium and heart failure. Extracellular matrix (ECM) production and tissue repair is conducted by myofibroblasts, which are formed from the normal quiescent cardiac fibroblasts following transformational changes, through the active participation of transforming growth factor β (TGFβ) and its signaling pathways. TGFβ appears to be a ‘Master of all trades’, with respect to cardiac fibrosis, as it can promote cardiomyocyte apoptosis and cardiac hypertrophy. TGFβ signaling involves its binding to TGFβ receptor type II (TGFβRII), which recruits TGFβ receptor type I (TGFβRI), which are also known as activin receptor-like kinase (ALK) in five different isoforms. In canonical signaling pathways, ALK5 activates Smads 2 and 3, and ALK1 activates Smads 1 and 5. These pairs of Smads form a corresponding complex and then bind to Smad 4, to translocate into the nucleus, where transcriptional reprogramming is carried out to promote myofibroblast formation and ECM production, eventually leading to cardiac fibrosis. TGFβ levels are elevated in MI, thereby aggravating the myocardial injury further. Several microRNAs are involved in the regulation of TGFβ signaling at different steps, affecting different components. Therapeutic targeting of TGFβ signaling at ALK1-5 receptor activity level has met with limited success and extensive research is needed to develop therapies based on the components of TGFβ signaling pathway, for instance cardiac dysfunction and heart failure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guangwang Liu
- Institute of Orthopedics, Soochow University, Soochow, Jiangsu 215006, P.R. China.,Department of Cardiology, Xuzhou Central Hospital, The Affiliated Xuzhou Hospital of Medical College of Southeast University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221009, P.R. China
| | - Chao Ma
- Department of Cardiology, Xuzhou Central Hospital, The Affiliated Xuzhou Hospital of Medical College of Southeast University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221009, P.R. China
| | - Huilin Yang
- Institute of Orthopedics, Soochow University, Soochow, Jiangsu 215006, P.R. China
| | - Pei-Ying Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Xuzhou Central Hospital, The Affiliated Xuzhou Hospital of Medical College of Southeast University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221009, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Takamura M, Kurokawa K, Ootsuji H, Inoue O, Okada H, Nomura A, Kaneko S, Usui S. Long-Term Administration of Eicosapentaenoic Acid Improves Post-Myocardial Infarction Cardiac Remodeling in Mice by Regulating Macrophage Polarization. J Am Heart Assoc 2017; 6:JAHA.116.004560. [PMID: 28223437 PMCID: PMC5523759 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.116.004560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Background Consumption of n‐3 fatty acids reduces the incidence of cardiovascular mortality in populations that consume diets rich in fish oil. Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) is an n‐3 fatty acid known to reduce the frequency of nonfatal coronary events; however, the frequency of mortality after myocardial infarction (MI) is not reduced. The aims of this study were to determine whether long‐term administration of EPA regulated cardiac remodeling after MI and to elucidate the underlying therapeutic mechanisms of EPA. Methods and Results C57BL/6J mice were divided into control (phosphate‐buffered saline–treated) and EPA‐treated groups. After 28 days of treatment, the mice were subjected to either sham surgery or MI by left anterior descending coronary artery ligation. Mortality due to MI or heart failure was significantly lower in the EPA‐treated mice than in the phosphate‐buffered saline–treated mice. However, the incidence of cardiac rupture was comparable between the EPA‐treated mice and the phosphate‐buffered saline–treated mice after MI. Echocardiographic tests indicated that EPA treatment attenuated post‐MI cardiac remodeling by preventing issues such as left ventricular systolic dysfunction and left ventricle dilatation 28 days after MI induction. Moreover, during the chronic remodeling phase, ie, 28 days after MI, flow cytometry demonstrated that EPA treatment significantly inhibited polarization toward proinflammatory M1 macrophages, but not anti‐inflammatory M2 macrophages, in the infarcted heart. Furthermore, EPA treatment attenuated fibrosis in the noninfarcted remote areas during the chronic phase. Conclusions Long‐term administration of EPA improved the prognosis of and attenuated chronic cardiac remodeling after MI by modulating the activation of proinflammatory M1 macrophages.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Masayuki Takamura
- Department of Disease Control and Homeostasis, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Keisuke Kurokawa
- Department of Disease Control and Homeostasis, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Ootsuji
- Department of Disease Control and Homeostasis, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Oto Inoue
- Department of Disease Control and Homeostasis, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Hikari Okada
- Department of Disease Control and Homeostasis, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Ayano Nomura
- Department of Disease Control and Homeostasis, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Shuichi Kaneko
- Department of Disease Control and Homeostasis, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Soichiro Usui
- Department of Disease Control and Homeostasis, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Fan X, Xie J, Tian J. Reducing Cardiac Fibrosis: Na/K-ATPase Signaling Complex as a Novel Target. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017; 6. [PMID: 29034264 DOI: 10.4172/2329-6607.1000204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Cardiac fibrosis is a common pathological process in cardiac disease and may lead to heart failure. It can also cause sudden death even in those without cardiac symptoms. Tissue fibrosis can be categorized into two categories: replacement fibrosis (also called reparative fibrosis) and reactive fibrosis. In replacement fibrosis, infiltration of inflammatory cells and accumulation of Extracellular Matrix (ECM) proteins are the initial steps in forming scarlike fibrotic tissue after acute cardiac injury and cardiac cell necrosis. Reactive fibrosis can be formed in response to hormonal change and pressure or volume overload. Experimental studies in animals have identified important pathways such as the Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System (RAAS) and the endothelin pathway that contribute to fibrosis formation. Despite the fact that clinical trials using RAAS inhibitors as therapies for reducing cardiac fibrosis and improving cardiac function have been promising, heart failure is still the leading cause of deaths in the United States. Intensive efforts have been made to find novel targets and to develop new treatments for cardiac fibrosis and heart failure in the past few decades. The Na/K-ATPase, a canonical ion transporter, has been shown to also function as a signal transducer and prolonged activation of Na/K-ATPase signaling has been found to promote the formation of cardiac fibrosis. Novel tools that block the activation of Na/K-ATPase signaling have been developed and have shown promise in reducing cardiac fibrosis. This review will discuss the recent development of novel molecular targets, focusing on the Na/K-ATPase signaling complex as a therapeutic target in treatment of cardiac fibrosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- X Fan
- Department of Medicine, Center for Hypertension and Personalized Medicine, University of Toledo, Ohio 43614, USA
| | - J Xie
- Department of Medicine, Center for Hypertension and Personalized Medicine, University of Toledo, Ohio 43614, USA
| | - J Tian
- Department of Medicine, Center for Hypertension and Personalized Medicine, University of Toledo, Ohio 43614, USA
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Duan Y, Zhu W, Liu M, Ashraf M, Xu M. The expression of Smad signaling pathway in myocardium and potential therapeutic effects. Histol Histopathol 2016; 32:651-659. [PMID: 27844469 DOI: 10.14670/hh-11-845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Myocardial infarction (MI) is a life-threatening disease. The expression of Smad proteins in the ischemic myocardium changes significantly following myocardial infarction, suggesting a close relationship between Smad proteins and heart remodeling. Moreover, it is known that the expression of Smads is regulated by transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) and bone morphogenetic proteins (BMP). Based on these findings, regulating the expression of Smad proteins by targeting TGF-β and BMP in the ischemic myocardium may be considered to be a possible therapeutic strategy for the treatment of myocardial infarction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuping Duan
- School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, P.R. China.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Cincinnati Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Wei Zhu
- School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, P.R. China.
| | - Min Liu
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Cincinnati Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Muhammad Ashraf
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Cincinnati Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Meifeng Xu
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Cincinnati Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Factor de transcripción TBX1 en el remodelado cardiaco asociado al infarto de miocardio. Rev Esp Cardiol (Engl Ed) 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.recesp.2016.04.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
|
42
|
Sánchez-Más J, Lax A, Asensio-López MC, Fernández-Del Palacio MJ, Caballero L, Navarro-Peñalver M, Pérez-Martínez MT, Gimeno-Blanes JR, Pascual-Figal DA. The TBX1 Transcription Factor in Cardiac Remodeling After Myocardial Infarction. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 69:1042-1050. [PMID: 27422448 DOI: 10.1016/j.rec.2016.04.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2015] [Accepted: 04/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES The transcription factor TBX1 plays an important role in the embryonic development of the heart. Nothing is known about its involvement in myocardial remodeling after acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and whether its expression can be modulated by a treatment with proven benefit such as mineralocorticoid receptor blockade. METHODS Acute myocardial infarction was induced in 60 rats via left coronary artery ligation: 50 animals were randomized to be euthanized after 1, 2, 4, 12, or 24 weeks; 10 animals were treated with eplerenone (100 mg/kg/days) 7 days before the AMI until their euthanasia (4 weeks later); 8 additional animals underwent surgery without ligation (control). We analyzed the cardiac expression of TBX1, fetal genes, and fibrosis markers. RESULTS The gene and protein expression of TBX1 was increased in the infarcted myocardium, peaking 1 week after AMI (P < .01), without changes in the noninfarcted myocardium. Levels of the fetal genes and fibrosis markers also increased, peaking 4 weeks (P < .001) and 1 week (P < .01) after AMI, respectively. The TBX1 expression was correlated with that of the fibrosis markers (P < .01) but not the fetal genes. Eplerenone reduced the TBX1 increase and fibrosis induced by AMI, with an association improvement in ventricular function and remodeling in echocardiography. CONCLUSIONS These results show the reactivated expression of TBX1 and indicate its involvement in cardiac fibrosis and remodeling after AMI and its participation in the benefit from mineralocorticoid receptor blockade.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jesus Sánchez-Más
- Servicio de Cardiología, Grupo de Investigación Clínica y Traslacional Cardiovascular, Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca, Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria (IMIB)-Arrixaca, El Palmar, Murcia, Spain; Departamento de Medicina Interna, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Murcia, Murcia, Spain.
| | - Antonio Lax
- Servicio de Cardiología, Grupo de Investigación Clínica y Traslacional Cardiovascular, Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca, Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria (IMIB)-Arrixaca, El Palmar, Murcia, Spain; Departamento de Medicina Interna, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Mari Carmen Asensio-López
- Servicio de Cardiología, Grupo de Investigación Clínica y Traslacional Cardiovascular, Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca, Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria (IMIB)-Arrixaca, El Palmar, Murcia, Spain; Departamento de Medicina Interna, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | | | - Luis Caballero
- Servicio de Cardiología, Grupo de Investigación Clínica y Traslacional Cardiovascular, Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca, Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria (IMIB)-Arrixaca, El Palmar, Murcia, Spain
| | - Marina Navarro-Peñalver
- Servicio de Cardiología, Grupo de Investigación Clínica y Traslacional Cardiovascular, Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca, Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria (IMIB)-Arrixaca, El Palmar, Murcia, Spain
| | - María Teresa Pérez-Martínez
- Servicio de Cardiología, Grupo de Investigación Clínica y Traslacional Cardiovascular, Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca, Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria (IMIB)-Arrixaca, El Palmar, Murcia, Spain; Departamento de Medicina Interna, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Juan Ramón Gimeno-Blanes
- Servicio de Cardiología, Grupo de Investigación Clínica y Traslacional Cardiovascular, Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca, Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria (IMIB)-Arrixaca, El Palmar, Murcia, Spain
| | - Domingo Andrés Pascual-Figal
- Servicio de Cardiología, Grupo de Investigación Clínica y Traslacional Cardiovascular, Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca, Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria (IMIB)-Arrixaca, El Palmar, Murcia, Spain; Departamento de Medicina Interna, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Early Fluid Resuscitation by Lactated Ringer's Solution Alleviate the Cardiac Apoptosis in Rats with Trauma-Hemorrhagic Shock. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0165406. [PMID: 27780234 PMCID: PMC5079564 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0165406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2016] [Accepted: 09/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiac trauma has been recognized as a complication associated with blunt chest trauma involving coronary artery injury, myocardium contusion and myocardial rupture. Secondary cardiac injuries after trauma supposed to be a critical factor in trauma patients, but the mechanism is not fully explored. Overproduction of TNF-alpha had been reported in multiple trauma animals, this induces oxidative stress resulting in cardiac apoptosis. Apoptosis gradually increases after trauma and reaches to a maximum level in 12 h time. TNF-alpha increases the expression of NFkB, and induces the expression of caspase-3 and resulted in cell apoptosis. The effect can be attenuated by non-selective caspase inhibitor and IL10. Fas induced cardiac apoptosis and hypertrophy in ischemic heart disease. In this study, we demonstrated a trauma-hemorrhagic shock (THS) model in rats and resuscitated rats by lactated Ringer’s (L/R) solution after shock in different hours (0 hour, 4 hours, 8 hours). NFkB gradually increased after the first 8 hours of shock, and can be reduced by fluid resuscitation. NFkB is known as a downstream pathway of Fas related apoptosis, we found Fas ligand, caspase-8 levels elevate after shock, and can be reduced by resuscitation. In addition, resuscitation can activate insulin-like growth factor (IGF-1)/Akt pathway, at the same time. It can block mitochondrial damage by decrease the effect of tBid. In conclusion, THS can induce secondary cardiac injury. Fas showed to be an important element in caspase cascade induced myocardium apoptosis. By L/R fluid resuscitation, the suppression of caspase cascade and activation of IGF-I/Akt pathway showed antiapoptotic effects in traumatic heart of rats.
Collapse
|
44
|
Expression signature of lncRNAs and their potential roles in cardiac fibrosis of post-infarct mice. Biosci Rep 2016; 36:BSR20150278. [PMID: 27129287 PMCID: PMC5293569 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20150278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2015] [Accepted: 04/12/2016] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to investigate whether long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are involved in cardiac fibrogenesis induced by myocardial infarction (MI). The differentially expressed lncRNAs and mRNAs in peri-infarct region of mice 4 weeks after MI were selected for bioinformatic analysis including gene ontology (GO) enrichment, pathway and network analysis. Left ventricular tissue levels of lncRNAs and mRNAs were compared between MI and sham control mice, using a false discovery rate (FDR) of <5%. Out of 55000 lncRNAs detected, 263 were significantly up-regulated and 282 down-regulated. Out of 23000 mRNAs detected, 142 were significantly up-regulated and 67 down-regulated. Among the differentially expressed lncRNAs, 53 were up-regulated by ≥2.0-fold change and 37 down-regulated by ≤0.5-fold change. Nine up-regulated and five down-regulated lncRNAs were randomly selected for quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) verification. GO and pathway analyses revealed 173 correlated lncRNA-mRNA pairs for 57 differentially expressed lncRNAs and 20 differentially expressed genes which are related to the development of cardiac fibrosis. We identified TGF-β3 as the top-ranked gene, a critical component of the transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) and mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK) signalling pathways in cardiac fibrosis. NONMMUT022554 was identified as the top-ranked lncRNA, positively correlated with six up-regulated genes, which are involved in the extracellular matrix (ECM)-receptor interactions and the phosphoinositid-3 kinase/protein kinase B (PI3K-Akt) signalling pathway. Our study has identified the expression signature of lncRNAs in cardiac fibrosis induced by MI and unravelled the possible involvement of the deregulated lncRNAs in cardiac fibrosis and the associated pathological processes.
Collapse
|
45
|
Zhang J, Xue X, Xu Y, Zhang Y, Li Z, Wang H. The transcriptome responses of cardiomyocyte exposed to hypothermia. Cryobiology 2016; 72:244-50. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cryobiol.2016.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2015] [Revised: 03/07/2016] [Accepted: 03/28/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
46
|
Zeidler S, Meckbach C, Tacke R, Raad FS, Roa A, Uchida S, Zimmermann WH, Wingender E, Gültas M. Computational Detection of Stage-Specific Transcription Factor Clusters during Heart Development. Front Genet 2016; 7:33. [PMID: 27047536 PMCID: PMC4804722 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2016.00033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2015] [Accepted: 02/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Transcription factors (TFs) regulate gene expression in living organisms. In higher organisms, TFs often interact in non-random combinations with each other to control gene transcription. Understanding the interactions is key to decipher mechanisms underlying tissue development. The aim of this study was to analyze co-occurring transcription factor binding sites (TFBSs) in a time series dataset from a new cell-culture model of human heart muscle development in order to identify common as well as specific co-occurring TFBS pairs in the promoter regions of regulated genes which can be essential to enhance cardiac tissue developmental processes. To this end, we separated available RNAseq dataset into five temporally defined groups: (i) mesoderm induction stage; (ii) early cardiac specification stage; (iii) late cardiac specification stage; (iv) early cardiac maturation stage; (v) late cardiac maturation stage, where each of these stages is characterized by unique differentially expressed genes (DEGs). To identify TFBS pairs for each stage, we applied the MatrixCatch algorithm, which is a successful method to deduce experimentally described TFBS pairs in the promoters of the DEGs. Although DEGs in each stage are distinct, our results show that the TFBS pair networks predicted by MatrixCatch for all stages are quite similar. Thus, we extend the results of MatrixCatch utilizing a Markov clustering algorithm (MCL) to perform network analysis. Using our extended approach, we are able to separate the TFBS pair networks in several clusters to highlight stage-specific co-occurences between TFBSs. Our approach has revealed clusters that are either common (NFAT or HMGIY clusters) or specific (SMAD or AP-1 clusters) for the individual stages. Several of these clusters are likely to play an important role during the cardiomyogenesis. Further, we have shown that the related TFs of TFBSs in the clusters indicate potential synergistic or antagonistic interactions to switch between different stages. Additionally, our results suggest that cardiomyogenesis follows the hourglass model which was already proven for Arabidopsis and some vertebrates. This investigation helps us to get a better understanding of how each stage of cardiomyogenesis is affected by different combination of TFs. Such knowledge may help to understand basic principles of stem cell differentiation into cardiomyocytes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Zeidler
- University Medical Center Göttingen, Institute of Bioinformatics, Georg-August-University GöttingenGöttingen, Germany; Heart Research Center Göttingen, University Medical Center Göttingen, Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Georg-August-University GöttingenGöttingen, Germany; DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research)Göttingen, Germany
| | - Cornelia Meckbach
- University Medical Center Göttingen, Institute of Bioinformatics, Georg-August-University Göttingen Göttingen, Germany
| | - Rebecca Tacke
- University Medical Center Göttingen, Institute of Bioinformatics, Georg-August-University Göttingen Göttingen, Germany
| | - Farah S Raad
- Heart Research Center Göttingen, University Medical Center Göttingen, Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Georg-August-University GöttingenGöttingen, Germany; DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research)Göttingen, Germany
| | - Angelica Roa
- Heart Research Center Göttingen, University Medical Center Göttingen, Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Georg-August-University GöttingenGöttingen, Germany; DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research)Göttingen, Germany
| | - Shizuka Uchida
- Institute of Cardiovascular Regeneration, Goethe University FrankfurtFrankfurt, Germany; DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research)Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Wolfram-Hubertus Zimmermann
- Heart Research Center Göttingen, University Medical Center Göttingen, Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Georg-August-University GöttingenGöttingen, Germany; DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research)Göttingen, Germany
| | - Edgar Wingender
- University Medical Center Göttingen, Institute of Bioinformatics, Georg-August-University GöttingenGöttingen, Germany; DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research)Göttingen, Germany
| | - Mehmet Gültas
- University Medical Center Göttingen, Institute of Bioinformatics, Georg-August-University Göttingen Göttingen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Araujo CM, Hermidorff MM, Amancio GDCS, Lemos DDS, Silva ME, de Assis LVM, Isoldi MC. Rapid effects of aldosterone in primary cultures of cardiomyocytes - do they suggest the existence of a membrane-bound receptor? J Recept Signal Transduct Res 2015; 36:435-44. [PMID: 27305962 DOI: 10.3109/10799893.2015.1122042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Aldosterone acts on its target tissue through a classical mechanism or through the rapid pathway through a putative membrane-bound receptor. Our goal here was to better understand the molecular and biochemical rapid mechanisms responsible for aldosterone-induced cardiomyocyte hypertrophy. We have evaluated the hypertrophic process through the levels of ANP, which was confirmed by the analysis of the superficial area of cardiomyocytes. Aldosterone increased the levels of ANP and the cellular area of the cardiomyocytes; spironolactone reduced the aldosterone-increased ANP level and cellular area of cardiomyocytes. Aldosterone or spironolactone alone did not increase the level of cyclic 3',5'-adenosine monophosphate (cAMP), but aldosterone plus spironolactone led to increased cAMP level; the treatment with aldosterone + spironolactone + BAPTA-AM reduced the levels of cAMP. These data suggest that aldosterone-induced cAMP increase is independent of mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) and dependent on Ca(2+). Next, we have evaluated the role of A-kinase anchor proteins (AKAP) in the aldosterone-induced hypertrophic response. We have found that St-Ht31 (AKAP inhibitor) reduced the increased level of ANP which was induced by aldosterone; in addition, we have found an increase on protein kinase C (PKC) and extracellular signal-regulated kinase 5 (ERK5) activity when cells were treated with aldosterone alone, spironolactone alone and with a combination of both. Our data suggest that PKC could be responsible for ERK5 aldosterone-induced phosphorylation. Our study suggests that the aldosterone through its rapid effects promotes a hypertrophic response in cardiomyocytes that is controlled by an AKAP, being dependent on ERK5 and PKC, but not on cAMP/cAMP-dependent protein kinase signaling pathways. Lastly, we provide evidence that the targeting of AKAPs could be relevant in patients with aldosterone-induced cardiac hypertrophy and heart failure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Morais Araujo
- a Laboratory of Hypertension , Research Center in Biological Science, Institute of Exact and Biological Sciences, Federal University of Ouro Preto , Ouro Preto , Brazil
| | - Milla Marques Hermidorff
- a Laboratory of Hypertension , Research Center in Biological Science, Institute of Exact and Biological Sciences, Federal University of Ouro Preto , Ouro Preto , Brazil
| | - Gabriela de Cassia Sousa Amancio
- a Laboratory of Hypertension , Research Center in Biological Science, Institute of Exact and Biological Sciences, Federal University of Ouro Preto , Ouro Preto , Brazil
| | - Denise da Silveira Lemos
- b Laboratory of Immunoparasitology , Center for Research in Biological Sciences, Institute of Biological and Exact Sciences, Federal University of Ouro Preto , Ouro Preto , Brazil
| | - Marcelo Estáquio Silva
- c Laboratory of Experimental Nutrition , School of Nutrition, Federal University of Ouro Preto , Ouro Preto , Brazil , and
| | | | - Mauro César Isoldi
- a Laboratory of Hypertension , Research Center in Biological Science, Institute of Exact and Biological Sciences, Federal University of Ouro Preto , Ouro Preto , Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Kurakula K, Goumans MJ, Ten Dijke P. Regulatory RNAs controlling vascular (dys)function by affecting TGF-ß family signalling. EXCLI JOURNAL 2015; 14:832-50. [PMID: 26862319 PMCID: PMC4743484 DOI: 10.17179/excli2015-423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2015] [Accepted: 06/30/2015] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Over the last few years, microRNAs (miRNAs) have emerged as master regulators of gene expression in cardiovascular biology and disease. miRNAs are small endogenous non-coding RNAs that usually bind to 3′ untranslated region (UTR) of their target mRNAs and inhibit mRNA stability or translation of their target genes. miRNAs play a dynamic role in the pathophysiology of many CVDs through their effects on target mRNAs in vascular cells. Recently, numerous miRNAs have been implicated in the regulation of the transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β)/bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) signalling pathway which plays crucial roles in diverse biological processes, and is involved in pathogenesis of many diseases including CVD. This review gives an overview of current literature on the role of miRNAs targeting TGF-β/BMP signalling in vascular cells, including endothelial cells and smooth muscle cells. We also provide insight into how this miRNA-mediated regulation of TGF-β/BMP signalling might be used to harness CVD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kondababu Kurakula
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Cancer Genomics Centre Netherlands, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Marie-Jose Goumans
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Cancer Genomics Centre Netherlands, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Peter Ten Dijke
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Cancer Genomics Centre Netherlands, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|