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Meng Y, Thornburg L, Dreisbach C, Orzolek C, Kautz A, Murphy H, Rivera-Núñez Z, Wang C, Miller R, O'Connor T, Barrett E. The role of prenatal maternal sex steroid hormones in weight and adiposity at birth and growth trajectories during infancy. RESEARCH SQUARE 2024:rs.3.rs-4178000. [PMID: 38659862 PMCID: PMC11042427 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-4178000/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Objective Intrauterine factors can impact fetal and child growth and may underlie the developmental origins of childhood obesity. Sex steroid hormone exposure during pregnancy is a plausible target because of the impact on placental vascularization, nutrient transportation, bone growth, adipogenesis, and epigenetic modifications. In this study we assessed maternal sex steroid hormones in each trimester in relation to birthweight, neonatal adiposity, and infant growth trajectories, and evaluate sensitive windows of development. Methods Participants from a prospective pregnancy cohort who delivered at term were included in the analysis (n=252). Estrone, estradiol, and estriol, as well as total and free testosterone throughout gestation were assessed using high-performance liquid chromatography and tandem mass spectrometry. Path analyses were used to assess the direct associations of sex steroid hormones in each trimester with birth outcomes and infant growth trajectories (birth to 12 months) adjusting for covariates and considering moderation by sex. Results The associations between prenatal sex steroid hormones and fetal/infant growth varied by sex and hormone assessment timing. First trimester estrone were associated with higher birthweight z-scores (β=0.37, 95%CI: 0.02, 0.73) and truncal skinfold thickness (TST) at birth (β=0.94, 95%CI: 0.34, 1.54) in female infants. Third trimester total testosterone was associated with higher TST at birth (β=0.61, 95%CI: 0.02, 1.21) in male infants. First trimester estrone/estradiol and first and third trimesters testosterone were associated with lower probabilities of high stable weight trajectory compared to low stable weight trajectory (Estrone: β=-3.87, 95%CI: -6.59, -1.16; First trimester testosterone: β=-3.53, 95%CI: -6.63, -0.43; Third trimester testosterone: β=-3.67, 95%CI: -6.66, -0.69) during infancy in male infants. Conclusions We observed associations between prenatal sex steroid hormone exposure and birthweight, neonatal adiposity and infant growth that were sex and gestational timing dependent. Our findings suggest further investigation on additional mechanisms linking prenatal sex steroid exposure and fetal/postnatal growth is needed.
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Sewnarain S, Singh S, Naicker T. Placental progesterone and its receptor in HIV-infected pre-eclamptic women. Histochem Cell Biol 2024; 161:255-267. [PMID: 37975897 PMCID: PMC10912128 DOI: 10.1007/s00418-023-02250-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
Given the high prevalence of HIV infection and pre-eclampsia (PE) in South Africa, this study evaluated and compared the placental immunostaining of progesterone (P) and progesterone receptors (PR) in the synergy of HIV-infected PE compared to normotensive pregnant women using immunohistochemistry interfaced with morphometric image analysis. Progesterone immunostaining was expressed widely across exchange and conducting villi within mesenchymal, endothelial, and trophoblast cells. In contrast, PR was expressed within syncytiotrophoblasts and was absent within endothelial cells. In exchange villi, P and PR immuno-expression was significantly lower in PE compared to the normotensive group (p = < 0.0001 and p = < 0.0001, respectively) and within the early-onset pre-eclampsia (EOPE) compared to the late-onset pre-eclampsia (LOPE) group (p = < 0.0001 and p = < 0.0001, respectively). Progesterone immuno-expression was significantly lower in the HIV+ compared to the HIV- group (p = < 0.0001), whilst PR was non-significant. In conducting villi, P and PR immuno-expression was significantly lower in the EOPE compared to the LOPE group (p = < 0.0001 and p = < 0.0001, respectively) and in the HIV+ compared to the HIV- group (p = < 0.0001 and p = 0.0009, respectively). Progesterone immuno-expression was slightly higher in the PE compared to normotensive group, and PR immuno-expression was non-significant. There was a significant difference between P and PR within exchange versus conducting villi regardless of pregnancy type, with villi type accounting for 34.47% and 15.28% of total variance for P and PR, respectively. Placental P and PR immuno-expression is downregulated in the duality of PE and HIV+ infection. The use of combined antiretroviral therapy (cART) may result in defective P synthesis, which causes insufficient binding to its receptors. Consequently, PI3K/AKT, JAK-STAT, and MAPK signalling pathways are affected, impairing trophoblast invasion and leading to pre-eclampsia development. Notably, the decrease in P and PR immuno-expression in EOPE validates their effect on placentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serisha Sewnarain
- Optics and Imaging Centre, College of Health Sciences, Doris Duke Medical Research Institute, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Private Bag X7, Congella, Durban, 4013, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa.
| | - Shoohana Singh
- Optics and Imaging Centre, College of Health Sciences, Doris Duke Medical Research Institute, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Private Bag X7, Congella, Durban, 4013, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa
| | - Thajasvarie Naicker
- Optics and Imaging Centre, College of Health Sciences, Doris Duke Medical Research Institute, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Private Bag X7, Congella, Durban, 4013, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa
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Meakin AS, Smith M, Morrison JL, Roberts CT, Lappas M, Ellery SJ, Holland O, Perkins A, McCracken SA, Flenady V, Clifton VL. Placenta-Specific Transcripts Containing Androgen Response Elements Are Altered In Silico by Male Growth Outcomes. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1688. [PMID: 38338965 PMCID: PMC10855055 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25031688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
A birthweight centile (BWC) below the 25th is associated with an elevated risk of adverse perinatal outcomes, particularly among males. This male vulnerability may stem from alterations in placenta-specific androgen signalling, a signalling axis that involves the androgen receptor (AR)-mediated regulation of target genes containing androgen response elements (AREs). In this study, we examined global and ARE-specific transcriptomic signatures in term male placentae (≥37 weeks of gestation) across BWC subcategories (<10th, 10th-30th, >30th) using RNA-seq and gene set enrichment analysis. ARE-containing transcripts in placentae with BWCs below the 10th percentile were upregulated compared to those in the 10th-30th and >30th percentiles, which coincided with the enrichment of gene sets related to hypoxia and the suppression of gene sets associated with mitochondrial function. In the absence of ARE-containing transcripts in silico, <10th and 10th-30th BWC subcategory placentae upregulated gene sets involved in vasculature development, immune function, and cell adhesion when compared to those in the >30th BWC subcategory. Collectively, our in silico findings suggest that changes in the expression of ARE-containing transcripts in male placentae may contribute to impaired placental vasculature and therefore result in reduced fetal growth outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashley S. Meakin
- Early Origins of Adult Health Research Group, Health and Biomedical Innovation, UniSA: Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia;
- Mater Medical Research Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4101, Australia;
| | - Melanie Smith
- Flinders Health and Medical Research Institute, College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA 5042, Australia; (M.S.); (C.T.R.)
| | - Janna L. Morrison
- Early Origins of Adult Health Research Group, Health and Biomedical Innovation, UniSA: Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia;
| | - Claire T. Roberts
- Flinders Health and Medical Research Institute, College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA 5042, Australia; (M.S.); (C.T.R.)
| | - Martha Lappas
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynaecology and Newborn Health, Mercy Hospital for Women, The University of Melbourne, Heidelberg, VIC 3084, Australia;
| | - Stacey J. Ellery
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3168, Australia;
- The Ritchie Centre, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, VIC 3168, Australia
| | - Olivia Holland
- School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD 4222, Australia; (O.H.); (A.P.)
| | - Anthony Perkins
- School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD 4222, Australia; (O.H.); (A.P.)
- School of Health, University of the Sunshine Coast, Sunshine Coast, QLD 4556, Australia
| | - Sharon A. McCracken
- Women and Babies Research, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2050, Australia;
| | - Vicki Flenady
- Mater Medical Research Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4101, Australia;
| | - Vicki L. Clifton
- Mater Medical Research Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4101, Australia;
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Yagel S, Cohen SM, Admati I, Skarbianskis N, Solt I, Zeisel A, Beharier O, Goldman-Wohl D. Expert review: preeclampsia Type I and Type II. Am J Obstet Gynecol MFM 2023; 5:101203. [PMID: 37871693 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajogmf.2023.101203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Revised: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023]
Abstract
Pregnancy involves an interplay between maternal and fetal factors affecting changes to maternal anatomy and physiology to support the developing fetus and ensure the well-being of both the mother and offspring. A century of research has provided evidence of the imperative role of the placenta in the development of preeclampsia. Recently, a growing body of evidence has supported the adaptations of the maternal cardiovascular system during normal pregnancy and its maladaptation in preeclampsia. Debate surrounds the roles of the placenta vs the maternal cardiovascular system in the pathophysiology of preeclampsia. We proposed an integrated model of the maternal cardiac-placental-fetal array and the development of preeclampsia, which reconciles the disease phenotypes and their proposed origins, whether placenta-dominant or maternal cardiovascular system-dominant. These phenotypes are sufficiently diverse to define 2 distinct types: preeclampsia Type I and Type II. Type I preeclampsia may present earlier, characterized by placental dysfunction or malperfusion, shallow trophoblast invasion, inadequate spiral artery conversion, profound syncytiotrophoblast stress, elevated soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase-1 levels, reduced placental growth factor levels, high peripheral vascular resistance, and low cardiac output. Type I is more often accompanied by fetal growth restriction, and low placental growth factor levels have a measurable impact on maternal cardiac remodeling and function. Type II preeclampsia typically occurs in the later stages of pregnancy and entails an evolving maternal cardiovascular intolerance to the demands of pregnancy, with a moderately dysfunctional placenta and inadequate blood supply. The soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase-1-placental growth factor ratio may be normal or slightly disturbed, peripheral vascular resistance is low, and cardiac output is high, but these adaptations still fail to meet demand. Emergent placental dysfunction, coupled with an increasing inability to meet demand, more often appears with fetal macrosomia, multiple pregnancies, or prolonged pregnancy. Support for the notion of 2 types of preeclampsia observable on the molecular level is provided by single-cell transcriptomic survey of gene expression patterns across different cell classes. This revealed widespread dysregulation of gene expression across all cell types, and significant imbalance in fms-like tyrosine kinase-1 (FLT1) and placental growth factor, particularly marked in the syncytium of early preeclampsia cases. Classification of preeclampsia into Type I and Type II can inform future research to develop targeted screening, prevention, and treatment approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simcha Yagel
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hadassah Medical Center, Hebrew University Faculty of Medicine, Jerusalem, Israel (Dr Yagel, Ms Cohen, and Drs Beharier and Goldman-Wohl).
| | - Sarah M Cohen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hadassah Medical Center, Hebrew University Faculty of Medicine, Jerusalem, Israel (Dr Yagel, Ms Cohen, and Drs Beharier and Goldman-Wohl)
| | - Inbal Admati
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Engineering, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel (Ms Admati, Mr Skarbianskis, and Dr Zeisel)
| | - Niv Skarbianskis
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Engineering, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel (Ms Admati, Mr Skarbianskis, and Dr Zeisel)
| | - Ido Solt
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel (Dr Solt)
| | - Amit Zeisel
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Engineering, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel (Ms Admati, Mr Skarbianskis, and Dr Zeisel)
| | - Ofer Beharier
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hadassah Medical Center, Hebrew University Faculty of Medicine, Jerusalem, Israel (Dr Yagel, Ms Cohen, and Drs Beharier and Goldman-Wohl)
| | - Debra Goldman-Wohl
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hadassah Medical Center, Hebrew University Faculty of Medicine, Jerusalem, Israel (Dr Yagel, Ms Cohen, and Drs Beharier and Goldman-Wohl)
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Li X, Xie Q, Luan T, Su Y, Zhang J, Zhang J, Zhao C, Ling X. Maternal and child-health outcomes in different endometrial preparation methods for frozen-thawed embryo transfer: a retrospective study. HUM FERTIL 2023; 26:1032-1043. [PMID: 35343346 DOI: 10.1080/14647273.2022.2053593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to analyse the obstetric outcome after frozen embryo transfer depending on the protocol used. The endometrial preparation during frozen embryo transfer (FET) was performed in the natural cycle (NC) with timing based on monitoring of the naturally occurring luteinizing hormone (LH) peak or in human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG)-triggered modified natural cycles (MNC), artificial cycle (AC) with hormone replacement therapy cycle and cycle with ovulation induction (OI). A retrospective cohort study was conducted between 2018 and 2020. Pregnancy, perinatal complications and neonatal outcomes were compared among patients treated during AC or MNC or OI protocols. After adjusting for the effect of gravidity, parity, pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI) and number of miscarriages, the AC group had higher but not significantly different rates of gestational hypertension, preeclampsia and intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (ICP) than women in OI and MNC groups. Significant differences were observed in the rates of placental adherence (15.30% in AC vs. 9.24% in MNC, p = 0.004) and postpartum haemorrhage (PPH) (24.33% in AC vs. 13.07% in OI, p = 0.003, 24.33% in AC vs. 16.24% in MNC, p = 0.002) among the three groups. In singletons, significant differences were observed in the rates of placental adherence (14.09% in AC vs. 8.57% in MNC, p = 0.002), AC and MNC groups had higher risk of PPH compared with OI group (18.36% in AC vs. 12.38% in MNC, p = 0.042 and 7.69% in OI vs. 18.36% in AC, p = 0.013). Neonatal outcomes were similar among the three groups except risk of small for date infants (0.35% in AC vs. 1.44% in MNC, p = 0.008). These findings are important in view of increasing use of frozen cycles and new policy of freeze-all cycles in in vitro fertilization (IVF). The results suggest a link between the absence of corpus luteum and adverse obstetric outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Li
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Nanjing, China
| | - Qijun Xie
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Nanjing, China
| | - Ting Luan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Nanjing, China
| | - Yan Su
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Nanjing, China
| | - Juan Zhang
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Nanjing, China
| | - JuanJuan Zhang
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Nanjing, China
| | - Chun Zhao
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiufeng Ling
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Nanjing, China
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Qin XD, Zhou Y, Bloom MS, Qian Z(M, Geiger SD, Vaughn MG, Chu C, Li QQ, Yang BY, Hu LW, Yu Y, Zeng XW, Dong GH. Prenatal Exposure to PFAS, Associations with Preterm Birth and Modification by Maternal Estrogen Levels: The Maoming Birth Study. ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES 2023; 131:117006. [PMID: 37962440 PMCID: PMC10644897 DOI: 10.1289/ehp11377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Revised: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Estrogens play a critical role in parturition, and poly- and perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), which have estrogenic effects, have been associated with preterm birth. However, the impact of estrogens on the association between PFAS and preterm birth is unknown. OBJECTIVE The objective of this study is to investigate if estrogens modified the association between PFAS and preterm birth, using a nested case-control study design. METHODS A total of 371 preterm births and 508 controls were selected from a birth cohort study in China between 2016 and 2018. Perfluorobutanoic acid (PFBA), perfluorohexanesulfonic acid (PFHxS) and its branched isomer, perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (PFOS) and its branched isomer, and perfluorononanoic acid (PFNA) were quantified in maternal serum (mean gestational age of 32 wk). Estradiol and estriol were quantified in cord serum. Preterm birth was defined as live delivery at < 37 gestational weeks. Causal mediation analysis was used to estimate the mediation and interaction effects of estrogen on the association between PFAS and preterm birth. Latent profile analysis was used to identify important estrogen profiles. Multiple linear regression was used to estimate associations between PFAS and preterm birth and interactions between PFAS and estrogens on preterm birth. RESULTS Overall, higher odds ratios (ORs) of preterm birth were associated with each 1 ln-unit PFAS increase: PFBA [1.20, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.14, 1.26], PFNA (1.30, 95% CI: 1.21, 1.39), PFOA (1.98, 95% CI: 1.54, 2.55), and PFOS (1.91, 95% CI: 1.76, 2.07) and its branched isomer (1.91, 95% CI: 1.90, 1.92). We detected statistically significant interactions between cord estradiol and PFAS on preterm birth, while no mediation effects of cord estrogen were observed. The ORs of PFOS (4.29, 95% CI: 1.31, 8.25), its branched isomer (6.71, 95% CI: 1.06, 11.91), and preterm birth were greater for participants with high cord estrogen levels than for participants with low cord estrogen levels. DISCUSSION Our findings suggest that estrogen modified the association between maternal PFAS exposure and preterm birth. Further studies on maternal PFAS exposure and preterm birth, taking interaction effects of cord estrogens into account, are warranted. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP11377.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Di Qin
- Institute for Chemical Carcinogenesis, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yang Zhou
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Health Risk Assessment, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Environmental Protection, Guangzhou, China
| | - Michael S. Bloom
- Department of Global and Community Health, College of Health and Human Services, George Mason University, Fairfax, Virginia, USA
| | - Zhengmin (Min) Qian
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College for Public Health & Social Justice, Saint Louis University, Saint Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Sarah Dee Geiger
- Department of Kinesiology and Community Health, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, Illinois, USA
| | - Michael G. Vaughn
- School of Social Work, College for Public Health & Social Justice, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Chu Chu
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Environmental Pollution and Health Risk Assessment, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qing-Qing Li
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Environmental Pollution and Health Risk Assessment, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bo-Yi Yang
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Environmental Pollution and Health Risk Assessment, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Li-Wen Hu
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Environmental Pollution and Health Risk Assessment, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yunjiang Yu
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Health Risk Assessment, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Environmental Protection, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Wen Zeng
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Environmental Pollution and Health Risk Assessment, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guang-Hui Dong
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Environmental Pollution and Health Risk Assessment, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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Contini T, Béranger R, Multigner L, Klánová J, Price EJ, David A. A Critical Review on the Opportunity to Use Placenta and Innovative Biomonitoring Methods to Characterize the Prenatal Chemical Exposome. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2023; 57:15301-15313. [PMID: 37796725 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c04845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/07/2023]
Abstract
Adverse effects associated with chemical exposures during pregnancy include several developmental and reproductive disorders. However, considering the tens of thousands of chemicals present on the market, the effects of chemical mixtures on the developing fetus is still likely underestimated. In this critical review, we discuss the potential to apply innovative biomonitoring methods using high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS) on placenta to improve the monitoring of chemical exposure during pregnancy. The physiology of the placenta and its relevance as a matrix for monitoring chemical exposures and their effects on fetal health is first outlined. We then identify several key parameters that require further investigations before placenta can be used for large-scale monitoring in a robust manner. Most critical is the need for standardization of placental sampling. Placenta is a highly heterogeneous organ, and knowledge of the intraplacenta variability of chemical composition is required to ensure unbiased and robust interindividual comparisons. Other important variables include the time of collection, the sex of the fetus, and mode of delivery. Finally, we discuss the first applications of HRMS methods on the placenta to decipher the chemical exposome and describe how the use of placenta can complement biofluids collected on the mother or the fetus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Contini
- Univ Rennes, CHU Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de Recherche en Santé, Environnement et Travail) - UMR_S 1085, F-35000 Rennes, France
- RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kotlářská 2, 602 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Rémi Béranger
- Univ Rennes, CHU Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de Recherche en Santé, Environnement et Travail) - UMR_S 1085, F-35000 Rennes, France
| | - Luc Multigner
- Univ Rennes, CHU Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de Recherche en Santé, Environnement et Travail) - UMR_S 1085, F-35000 Rennes, France
| | - Jana Klánová
- RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kotlářská 2, 602 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Elliott J Price
- RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kotlářská 2, 602 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Arthur David
- Univ Rennes, CHU Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de Recherche en Santé, Environnement et Travail) - UMR_S 1085, F-35000 Rennes, France
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8
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Mu X, Liu X, Zhou H, Shi J. The natural cycle protocol of endometrial preparation for frozen embryo transfer decreases the miscarriage rate in women with recurrent pregnancy loss. Gynecol Endocrinol 2023; 39:2269269. [PMID: 37839798 DOI: 10.1080/09513590.2023.2269269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate whether different endometrial preparation methods lead to different results. DESIGN Retrospective cohort study. PATIENTS Women with recurrent pregnancy loss undergoing frozen embryo transfer (FET). INTERVENTIONS Natural cycle (NC) protocol (n = 111) with no drug or human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) used for endometrial preparation, vs. the hormone replacement therapy (HRT) protocol (n = 797) with estrogen or gonadotropin releasing hormone agonist (GnRH-a) plus estrogen used for endometrial preparation. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Miscarriage rate and live birth rate (LBR). RESULTS Compared to women in the HRT protocol, women undergoing NCs had fewer previous FET cycles, lower antral follicle counts (AFCs), fewer oocytes retrieved and a thicker endometrium on the day of progesterone administration. Women in the HRT group had a higher miscarriage rate (29.4% vs. 17.2%) and a lower LBR (37% vs. 46.9%) than the rates of women in the NC group. Univariate analysis showed that female age also had a negative association with the miscarriage rate. Logistic regression indicated that endometrial preparation using the NC protocol was linked to a decreased likelihood of miscarriage. CONCLUSIONS The NC protocol decreased the miscarriage rate and increased the LBR for patients with recurrent pregnancy loss compared with the HRT protocol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Mu
- The Assisted Reproductive Medicine Center, Northwest Women's and Children's Hospital, Xi'an, People's Republic of China
- Center for Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China
| | - Xitong Liu
- The Assisted Reproductive Medicine Center, Northwest Women's and Children's Hospital, Xi'an, People's Republic of China
| | - Hanying Zhou
- The Assisted Reproductive Medicine Center, Northwest Women's and Children's Hospital, Xi'an, People's Republic of China
| | - Juanzi Shi
- The Assisted Reproductive Medicine Center, Northwest Women's and Children's Hospital, Xi'an, People's Republic of China
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9
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Kang DH, Kim MJ, Mohamed EA, Kim DS, Jeong JS, Kim SY, Kang HG, Lee GS, Hong EJ, Ahn C, Jung EM, An BS, Kim SC. Regulation of uterus and placenta remodeling under high estradiol levels in gestational diabetes mellitus models†. Biol Reprod 2023; 109:215-226. [PMID: 37255320 DOI: 10.1093/biolre/ioad059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to investigate the regulation of placentas and uterus remodeling and involvement of estradiol in gestational diabetes mellitus. To achieve this, we established in vitro and in vivo models for gestational diabetes mellitus placentas by culturing human placental choriocarcinoma cells (BeWo) under hyperglycemic concentration and treating pregnant rats with streptozotocin. We evaluated the expression of angiogenesis-related proteins. The expression of the anti-angiogenic factor, excess placental soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase 1 was increased in our in vitro gestational diabetes mellitus model compared with the control. Moreover, the expressions of placental soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase 1 and the von Willebrand factor were also significantly elevated in the placenta of streptozotocin-treated rats. These data indicate the disruption of angiogenesis in the gestational diabetes mellitus placentas. The expression levels of connexin 43, a component of the gap junction and collagen type I alpha 2 chain, a component of the extracellular matrix, were decreased in the gestational diabetes mellitus uterus. These results suggest that uterus decidualization and placental angiogenesis are inhibited in gestational diabetes mellitus rats. Our results also showed upregulation of the expression of genes regulating estradiol synthesis as well as estrogen receptors in vivo models. Accordingly, the concentration of estradiol measured in the culture medium under hyperglycemic conditions, as well as in the serum and placenta of the streptozotocin-treated rats, was significantly elevated compared with the control groups. These results suggest that the dysregulated remodeling of the placenta and uterus may result in the elevation of estradiol and its signaling pathway in the gestational diabetes mellitus animal model to maintain pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Da Hee Kang
- Department of Biomaterials Science (BK21 Four Program), College of Natural Resources & Life Science, Pusan National University, Miryang, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Jae Kim
- Department of Biomaterials Science (BK21 Four Program), College of Natural Resources & Life Science, Pusan National University, Miryang, Republic of Korea
- Developmental and Reproductive Toxicology Research Group, Korea Institute of Toxicology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Elsayed A Mohamed
- Department of Biomaterials Science (BK21 Four Program), College of Natural Resources & Life Science, Pusan National University, Miryang, Republic of Korea
- Department of Genetics, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Da Som Kim
- Department of Biomaterials Science (BK21 Four Program), College of Natural Resources & Life Science, Pusan National University, Miryang, Republic of Korea
| | - Jea Sic Jeong
- Department of Biomaterials Science (BK21 Four Program), College of Natural Resources & Life Science, Pusan National University, Miryang, Republic of Korea
| | - So Young Kim
- Department of Biomaterials Science (BK21 Four Program), College of Natural Resources & Life Science, Pusan National University, Miryang, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeon-Gu Kang
- Department of Biomaterials Science (BK21 Four Program), College of Natural Resources & Life Science, Pusan National University, Miryang, Republic of Korea
| | - Geun-Shik Lee
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Eui-Ju Hong
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Changhwan Ahn
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Jeju National University, Jeju, Republic of Korea
| | - Eui-Man Jung
- Department of Molecular Biology, College of Natural Sciences, Pusan National University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Beum-Soo An
- Department of Biomaterials Science (BK21 Four Program), College of Natural Resources & Life Science, Pusan National University, Miryang, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Chul Kim
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Busan, Republic of Korea
- Biomedical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, Republic of Korea
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10
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Dukic J, Ehlert U. Longitudinal Course of Sex Steroids From Pregnancy to Postpartum. Endocrinology 2023; 164:bqad108. [PMID: 37450580 PMCID: PMC10499333 DOI: 10.1210/endocr/bqad108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Revised: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Sex steroids (SS) typically rise during pregnancy and decline after birth, but no consistent reference values exist for these hormonal courses. We aimed to establish an overview of SS secretion patterns during the peripartum and to better understand how SS contribute to maternal and fetal pathologies. EVIDENCE ACQUISITION A systematic literature search was conducted in accordance with the PRISMA guidelines using PubMed, Cochrane Library, and PsycINFO. Additionally, we conducted a supplementary manual search of references. Observational studies published in English and assessing estradiol, progesterone, and testosterone over the course of the peripartum in physically healthy female subjects were included, without restrictions on year of publication. Extracted data were analyzed descriptively and visually. EVIDENCE SYNTHESIS SS increase progressively during pregnancy, with an extremely wide range of reported concentrations, especially in the third trimester. In fact, reported concentrations varied up to 5000-fold at comparable measurement time points. CONCLUSIONS A comprehensive understanding of the influence of SS levels on associated maternal and fetal pathologies is currently hindered by 2 main factors. First, reported SS levels vary widely during the peripartum period. Second, the current state of knowledge on how SS are associated with pathologies in mothers and babies is largely based on correlational studies, and causality thus remains unclear. Consequently, we recommend the development of a systematic reference framework that follows the suggestions presented in this review. This would enable the establishment of SS reference values for a healthy population, resulting in the possibility to draw conclusions about deviations and related pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jelena Dukic
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, University of Zurich, 8050 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Ulrike Ehlert
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, University of Zurich, 8050 Zurich, Switzerland
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11
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Yagel S, Cohen SM, Goldman-Wohl D, Beharier O. Redefining pre-eclampsia as Type I or II: implementing an integrated model of the maternal-cardiovascular-placental-fetal array. ULTRASOUND IN OBSTETRICS & GYNECOLOGY : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY OF ULTRASOUND IN OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY 2023; 61:293-301. [PMID: 36378064 DOI: 10.1002/uog.26121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Revised: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- S Yagel
- Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hadassah Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
- Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - S M Cohen
- Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hadassah Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
- Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - D Goldman-Wohl
- Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hadassah Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
- Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - O Beharier
- Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hadassah Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
- Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
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12
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Rusidzé M, Gargaros A, Fébrissy C, Dubucs C, Weyl A, Ousselin J, Aziza J, Arnal JF, Lenfant F. Estrogen Actions in Placental Vascular Morphogenesis and Spiral Artery Remodeling: A Comparative View between Humans and Mice. Cells 2023; 12:cells12040620. [PMID: 36831287 PMCID: PMC9954071 DOI: 10.3390/cells12040620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Revised: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Estrogens, mainly 17β-estradiol (E2), play a critical role in reproductive organogenesis, ovulation, and fertility via estrogen receptors. E2 is also a well-known regulator of utero-placental vascular development and blood-flow dynamics throughout gestation. Mouse and human placentas possess strikingly different morphological configurations that confer important reproductive advantages. However, the functional interplay between fetal and maternal vasculature remains similar in both species. In this review, we briefly describe the structural and functional characteristics, as well as the development, of mouse and human placentas. In addition, we summarize the current knowledge regarding estrogen actions during utero-placental vascular morphogenesis, which includes uterine angiogenesis, the control of trophoblast behavior, spiral artery remodeling, and hemodynamic adaptation throughout pregnancy, in both mice and humans. Finally, the estrogens that are present in abnormal placentation are also mentioned. Overall, this review highlights the importance of the actions of estrogens in the physiology and pathophysiology of placental vascular development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariam Rusidzé
- Institute of Metabolic and Cardiovascular Diseases (I2MC), INSERM U1297, University of Toulouse III-Paul Sabatier (UPS), CHU, 31432 Toulouse, France
- Department of Pathology, Cancer University Institute of Toulouse Oncopole-IUCT, 31100 Toulouse, France
| | - Adrien Gargaros
- Institute of Metabolic and Cardiovascular Diseases (I2MC), INSERM U1297, University of Toulouse III-Paul Sabatier (UPS), CHU, 31432 Toulouse, France
| | - Chanaëlle Fébrissy
- Institute of Metabolic and Cardiovascular Diseases (I2MC), INSERM U1297, University of Toulouse III-Paul Sabatier (UPS), CHU, 31432 Toulouse, France
| | - Charlotte Dubucs
- Department of Pathology, Cancer University Institute of Toulouse Oncopole-IUCT, 31100 Toulouse, France
| | - Ariane Weyl
- Institute of Metabolic and Cardiovascular Diseases (I2MC), INSERM U1297, University of Toulouse III-Paul Sabatier (UPS), CHU, 31432 Toulouse, France
- Department of Pathology, Cancer University Institute of Toulouse Oncopole-IUCT, 31100 Toulouse, France
| | - Jessie Ousselin
- Department of Pathology, Cancer University Institute of Toulouse Oncopole-IUCT, 31100 Toulouse, France
| | - Jacqueline Aziza
- Department of Pathology, Cancer University Institute of Toulouse Oncopole-IUCT, 31100 Toulouse, France
| | - Jean-François Arnal
- Institute of Metabolic and Cardiovascular Diseases (I2MC), INSERM U1297, University of Toulouse III-Paul Sabatier (UPS), CHU, 31432 Toulouse, France
| | - Françoise Lenfant
- Institute of Metabolic and Cardiovascular Diseases (I2MC), INSERM U1297, University of Toulouse III-Paul Sabatier (UPS), CHU, 31432 Toulouse, France
- Correspondence:
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13
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Huang Z, Tang Z, Guan H, Leung W, Wang L, Xia H, Zhang W. Inactivation of Yes-Associated Protein Mediates Trophoblast Dysfunction: A New Mechanism of Pregnancy Loss Associated with Anti-Phospholipid Antibodies? Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10123296. [PMID: 36552052 PMCID: PMC9776042 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10123296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 12/11/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Pregnancy morbidity induced by anti-phospholipid antibodies (aPL+/PM+) is mainly thought to arise from placental abnormalities. We attempted to investigate the effect of aPL on the activity of Yes-associated protein (YAP) in the trophoblast and how YAP regulated human trophoblasts function. Thus, HTR-8 cells were treated with IgG purified from aPL+/PM+ women or normal controls. We found that aPL+/PM+ IgG impacted YAP activity via abrogating YAP expression. Further investigation of the anti-β2GPI-IgG/β2GPI complex showed an inhibition of nuclear YAP level and translocation in a dose-dependent manner, which might be rescued by progesterone in HTR-8 cells. YAP overexpression or knockdown HTR-8 cells were established for the evaluation of cell function and related gene expression in vitro. Loss of YAP arrested cell cycles in the G2/M phase, accelerated cell apoptosis by increasing the ratio of Bax/Bcl2, and disrupted MMP2/9-mediated cell migration and angiogenesis tube formation by VEGF. These findings support a new mechanism of PM associated with aPL through which YAP inactivation induced by aPL perturbs the trophoblast cell cycle, apoptosis, migration, and angiogenesis, finally developing into pregnancy failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zengshu Huang
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200011, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine Related Diseases, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Zhijing Tang
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200011, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine Related Diseases, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Haiyun Guan
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200011, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine Related Diseases, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Wingting Leung
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200011, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine Related Diseases, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Lu Wang
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200011, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine Related Diseases, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Hexia Xia
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200011, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine Related Diseases, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200011, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine Related Diseases, Shanghai 200011, China
- Correspondence:
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14
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Shen Y, Cao J, Yao L, Li S, Zhao X, Li W, Wei Z, Zhang L, Wang J, Chang Y. Serum estradiol to testosterone ratio as a novel predictor of severe preeclampsia in the first trimester. J Clin Hypertens (Greenwich) 2022; 25:53-60. [PMID: 36478152 PMCID: PMC9832226 DOI: 10.1111/jch.14601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Revised: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Preeclampsia (PE) is the most common medical complication during pregnancy and the second leading cause of maternal death worldwide. However, a better predictive model of PE remains to be explored. A total of 15 severe preeclampsia (sPE) and 75 healthy control patients were included in this study. Patient data was obtained from September 2019 to September 2021. Nuchal translucency (NT) and crown-rump length (CRL) of the fetus were acquired by ultrasound. Maternal blood samples were collected at 11+0 to 13+6 weeks of gestation. Chemiluminescent immunoassays were used to detect serum testosterone (T) and estradiol (E2) levels. Time-resolved fluorescence analysis was used to examine the levels of serum pregnancy-associated plasma protein A (PAPPA) and β-human chorionic gonadotrophin (β-HCG) protein. The sPE group exhibited increased T levels, and decreased E2 levels and E2/T ratios from 11 to 14 weeks of gestation, compared with the control group. E2 and the E2/T ratio showed positive linear correlation with CRL in pregnant women. Body-mass-index (BMI), T, and E2 were determined to be the main factors that affected the occurrence of sPE at the 12-week gestation period time point. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve revealed that the AUC of the E2/T ratio was .717. The imbalanced T and E2 levels in the patients had a specific intrinsic relevance with sPE, which suggests them as novel predictors of the sPE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongmei Shen
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Human Development and Reproductive RegulationTianjin Central Hospital of Obstetrics and GynecologyTianjinChina,Institute of Obstetrics and GynecologyAffiliated Maternal Hospital of Nankai UniversityTianjinChina
| | - Jiasong Cao
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Human Development and Reproductive RegulationTianjin Central Hospital of Obstetrics and GynecologyTianjinChina,Institute of Obstetrics and GynecologyAffiliated Maternal Hospital of Nankai UniversityTianjinChina
| | - Liying Yao
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Human Development and Reproductive RegulationTianjin Central Hospital of Obstetrics and GynecologyTianjinChina,Institute of Obstetrics and GynecologyAffiliated Maternal Hospital of Nankai UniversityTianjinChina
| | - Shanshan Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Human Development and Reproductive RegulationTianjin Central Hospital of Obstetrics and GynecologyTianjinChina,Institute of Obstetrics and GynecologyAffiliated Maternal Hospital of Nankai UniversityTianjinChina
| | - Xiaomin Zhao
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Human Development and Reproductive RegulationTianjin Central Hospital of Obstetrics and GynecologyTianjinChina,Institute of Obstetrics and GynecologyAffiliated Maternal Hospital of Nankai UniversityTianjinChina
| | - Wen Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Human Development and Reproductive RegulationTianjin Central Hospital of Obstetrics and GynecologyTianjinChina,Institute of Obstetrics and GynecologyAffiliated Maternal Hospital of Nankai UniversityTianjinChina
| | - Zhuo Wei
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Human Development and Reproductive RegulationTianjin Central Hospital of Obstetrics and GynecologyTianjinChina,Institute of Obstetrics and GynecologyAffiliated Maternal Hospital of Nankai UniversityTianjinChina
| | - Lei Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Human Development and Reproductive RegulationTianjin Central Hospital of Obstetrics and GynecologyTianjinChina,Institute of Obstetrics and GynecologyAffiliated Maternal Hospital of Nankai UniversityTianjinChina
| | - Jianxi Wang
- Biological Sample Resource Sharing CenterTianjin First Center HospitalTianjinTianjinChina
| | - Ying Chang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Human Development and Reproductive RegulationTianjin Central Hospital of Obstetrics and GynecologyTianjinChina,Institute of Obstetrics and GynecologyAffiliated Maternal Hospital of Nankai UniversityTianjinChina
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15
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Feng Y, Lian X, Guo K, Zhang G, Huang X. A comprehensive analysis of metabolomics and transcriptomics to reveal major metabolic pathways and potential biomarkers of human preeclampsia placenta. Front Genet 2022; 13:1010657. [PMID: 36263435 PMCID: PMC9574103 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.1010657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The etiology of preeclampsia (PE) remains unclear. With the utilization of metabolomics, dysregulated production of several metabolic components in human plasma, such as lipids, amino acids, androgens and estrogens, was found to be important in the pathogenesis of PE. Transcriptomics adds more in-depth information, and the integration of transcriptomics and metabolomics may yield further insight into PE pathogenesis than either one alone.Objectives: We investigated the placental metabolomics and transcriptomics of PE patients to identify affected metabolic pathways and potential biological targets for exploring the disease pathogenesis.Methods: Integrated transcriptomics and metabolomics were used to analyze five paired human placentas from patients with severe PE and normal pregnancies. This was followed by further validation of our findings in a publicly available dataset of 173 PE vs. 157 control placentas. In addition, weighted gene coexpression network construction was performed to assess the correlation between genetic alterations and diseases.Results: We identified 66 and 41 differentially altered metabolites in negative and positive ion modes, respectively, in the PE group compared to the control group, and found 2,560 differentially expressed genes. Several pathways were aberrantly altered in the PE placenta at both the metabolic and transcriptional levels, including steroid hormone biosynthesis, the cAMP signaling pathway, neuroactive ligand–receptor interactions, taste transduction and prion diseases. Additionally, we found 11 differential metabolites and 11 differentially expressed genes involved in the steroid hormone biosynthesis pathway, indicating impaired metabolism of steroid hormones in the PE placenta. Furthermore, we found that CYP11A1, HSD3B2, and HSD17B6 are highly correlated with diseases.Conclusion: Our findings provide a profile of the dysregulated steroid hormone biosynthesis in PE placenta, we observed a dysregulated cortisol-to-cortisone ratio, testosterone accumulation, decreased testosterone downstream metabolites, impaired production of estrone and estriol, and aberrant hydroxylation and methylation of estradiol. Disorders of placental steroid hormone metabolism might be a consequence or a compensatory change in pathological placentation in PE, which underscores the need to investigate the physiology of steroid hormone metabolites in the etiology of PE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Feng
- Fetal Care Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Guangzhou Women and Children’s Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xinlei Lian
- National Risk Assessment Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance of Animal Original Bacteria, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Kaimin Guo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Guangzhou Women and Children’s Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guanglan Zhang
- Fetal Care Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Guangzhou Women and Children’s Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xuan Huang
- Fetal Medicine Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Xuan Huang,
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16
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Rusidzé M, Faure MC, Sicard P, Raymond-Letron I, Giton F, Vessieres E, Prevot V, Henrion D, Arnal JF, Cornil CA, Lenfant F. Loss of function of the maternal membrane oestrogen receptor ERα alters expansion of trophoblast cells and impacts mouse fertility. Development 2022; 149:dev200683. [PMID: 36239412 PMCID: PMC9720743 DOI: 10.1242/dev.200683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 03/31/2024]
Abstract
The binding of 17β-oestradiol to oestrogen receptor alpha (ERα) plays a crucial role in the control of reproduction, acting through both nuclear and membrane-initiated signalling. To study the physiological role of membrane ERα in the reproductive system, we used the C451A-ERα mouse model with selective loss of function of membrane ERα. Despite C451A-ERα mice being described as sterile, daily weighing and ultrasound imaging revealed that homozygous females do become pregnant, allowing the investigation of the role of ERα during pregnancy for the first time. All neonatal deaths of the mutant offspring mice resulted from delayed parturition associated with failure in pre-term progesterone withdrawal. Moreover, pregnant C451A-ERα females exhibited partial intrauterine embryo arrest at about E9.5. The observed embryonic lethality resulted from altered expansion of Tpbpa-positive spiral artery-associated trophoblast giant cells into the utero-placental unit, which is associated with an imbalance in expression of angiogenic factors. Together, these processes control the trophoblast-mediated spiral arterial remodelling. Hence, loss of membrane ERα within maternal tissues clearly alters the activity of invasive trophoblast cells during placentogenesis. This previously unreported function of membrane ERα could open new avenues towards a better understanding of human pregnancy-associated pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariam Rusidzé
- Institute of Metabolic and Cardiovascular Diseases (I2MC) Equipe 4, Inserm U1297-UPS, CHU, Toulouse 31432, France
| | | | - Pierre Sicard
- IPAM, BioCampus Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM, University of Montpellier, Montpellier 34295, France
| | - Isabelle Raymond-Letron
- Institut Restore, Université de Toulouse, CNRS U-5070, EFS, ENVT, Inserm U1031, Toulouse 31076, France
| | - Frank Giton
- APHP H.Mondor - IMRB - INSERM U955, Créteil 94010, France
| | - Emilie Vessieres
- Angers University, MITOVASC, CarMe team, CNRS UMR 6015, INSERM U1083, Angers 49055, France
| | - Vincent Prevot
- University of Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Laboratory of Development and Plasticity of the Neuroendocrine Brain, Lille Neuroscience and Cognition, UMR-S 1172, FHU 1000 Days for Health, Lille 59000, France
| | - Daniel Henrion
- Angers University, MITOVASC, CarMe team, CNRS UMR 6015, INSERM U1083, Angers 49055, France
| | | | | | - Françoise Lenfant
- Institute of Metabolic and Cardiovascular Diseases (I2MC) Equipe 4, Inserm U1297-UPS, CHU, Toulouse 31432, France
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17
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Zhang X, Chen K, Meng Z, Jia R, Lian F, Lin F. Cadmium-induced preeclampsia-like phenotype in the rat is related to decreased progesterone synthesis in the placenta. Xenobiotica 2022; 52:625-632. [DOI: 10.1080/00498254.2022.2124204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojie Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Kai Chen
- Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Zhu Meng
- Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Ru Jia
- Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Feifei Lian
- Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Feng Lin
- Department of Obstetrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
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18
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Kasoha M, Takacs Z, Dumé J, Findeklee S, Gerlinger C, Sima RM, Ples L, Solomayer EF, Haj Hamoud B. Postpartum Assessment of the Correlation between Serum Hormone Levels of Estradiol, Progesterone, Prolactin and ß-HCG and Blood Pressure Measurements in Pre-Eclampsia Patients. Diagnostics (Basel) 2022; 12:diagnostics12071700. [PMID: 35885604 PMCID: PMC9316309 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics12071700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Revised: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Preeclampsia is a pregnancy-related hypertensive disease. Aberrant hormone levels have been implicated in blood pressure disorders. This study investigated the association of postpartum maternal serum hormone levels of estradiol, progesterone, prolactin, and ß-HCG with poorer PE-related complications including arterial hypertension. Methods: Thirty patient women with preeclampsia, and twenty women with uncomplicated pregnancy were included in this study. Serum levels of estradiol, progesterone, prolactin, and ß-HCG were determined immediately after delivery, and on the first and third postpartum days by means of ECLIA. Results: Compared with normal pregnancy cases, preeclampsia cases had higher serum levels of ß-HCG levels on Day-0 (319%), of progesterone on Day-0 (207%) and Day-1 (178%), and of estradiol on Day-1 (187%) and Day-3 (185%). Increased prolactin levels were positively associated with disease severity and estradiol and progesterone levels were decreased in poorer preeclampsia features including disease onset and IUGR diagnosis. No significant correlation between different hormone levels and blood pressure measurements was reported. Conclusions: This study is the first that detected postpartum maternal serum hormone levels and their correlation with blood pressure measurements in preeclampsia. We believe that the persistent arterial hypertension in the puerperium in preeclampsia as well as poorer disease specifications are most likely not of hormonal origin. Larger, well-defined prospective studies are recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariz Kasoha
- Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics and Reproductive Medicine, University Medical School of Saarland, 66421 Homburg, Germany; (Z.T.); (J.D.); (S.F.); (C.G.); (E.-F.S.); (B.H.H.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-(0)-6841-16-28199; Fax: +49-(0)-684-16-28110
| | - Zoltan Takacs
- Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics and Reproductive Medicine, University Medical School of Saarland, 66421 Homburg, Germany; (Z.T.); (J.D.); (S.F.); (C.G.); (E.-F.S.); (B.H.H.)
| | - Jacob Dumé
- Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics and Reproductive Medicine, University Medical School of Saarland, 66421 Homburg, Germany; (Z.T.); (J.D.); (S.F.); (C.G.); (E.-F.S.); (B.H.H.)
| | - Sebastian Findeklee
- Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics and Reproductive Medicine, University Medical School of Saarland, 66421 Homburg, Germany; (Z.T.); (J.D.); (S.F.); (C.G.); (E.-F.S.); (B.H.H.)
| | - Christoph Gerlinger
- Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics and Reproductive Medicine, University Medical School of Saarland, 66421 Homburg, Germany; (Z.T.); (J.D.); (S.F.); (C.G.); (E.-F.S.); (B.H.H.)
| | - Romina-Marina Sima
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, ‘Carol Davila’ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania; (R.-M.S.); (L.P.)
| | - Liana Ples
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, ‘Carol Davila’ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania; (R.-M.S.); (L.P.)
| | - Erich-Franz Solomayer
- Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics and Reproductive Medicine, University Medical School of Saarland, 66421 Homburg, Germany; (Z.T.); (J.D.); (S.F.); (C.G.); (E.-F.S.); (B.H.H.)
| | - Bashar Haj Hamoud
- Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics and Reproductive Medicine, University Medical School of Saarland, 66421 Homburg, Germany; (Z.T.); (J.D.); (S.F.); (C.G.); (E.-F.S.); (B.H.H.)
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19
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Andriyanto A, Widi LN, Subangkit M, Tarigan E, Irarang Y, Nengsih RF, Manalu W. Potential use of Indonesian basil (Ocimum basilicum) maceration to increase estradiol and progesterone synthesis and secretion to improve prenatal growth of offspring using female albino rats as an animal model. Vet World 2022; 15:1197-1207. [PMID: 35765474 PMCID: PMC9210833 DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2022.1197-1207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Aim: Basil is well known as a medicinal plant that contains high essential oils and antioxidant compounds that have the potential to improve ovarian development. Thus, basil may have the potential to improve the growth and development of the uterus and placenta for optimal prenatal growth of offspring. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of Indonesian basil maceration on gonad development of mature female albino rats. Materials and Methods: Fifteen 8-week-old female Sprague-Dawley rats, at the diestrus stage of the estrus cycle, were divided into three different treatment groups: Control group (mineral water), bas-low group (1% of basil maceration), and bas-high group (5% of basil maceration). Basil maceration was dissolved and administered in mineral drinking water, and the treatments were given for 20 days (4 estrus cycles). At the end of the treatment period, serum follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), estradiol, and progesterone (Pg) were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The relative weight of the ovary and uterus; diameter and length of uterine cornual; vascularization of uterus; the diameter of uterine glands; the number of primary, secondary, and tertiary de Graaf follicles; the number of corpora luteum; as well as the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in the ovary were determined. Results: There was no significant difference (p>0.05) in the serum FSH level of rats treated with basil maceration drinking water doses of 1% and 5% compared to the control group. However, serum estradiol and Pg concentrations in the 1% and 5% basil maceration groups were significantly higher (p<0.05) than those of the control group. Furthermore, 1% and 5% basil maceration significantly increased the uterus’s relative weight, diameter, and vascularization. Serum estradiol concentrations contributed to the elevated expression of VEGF compared to Pg. Conclusion: Administration of basil maceration for 20 days before mating could improve follicle growth and development, eventually increasing estradiol synthesis and secretion, thus improving the uterus’s preparation for implantation. This makes basil maceration an attractive candidate in clinical research to enhance the growth and development of the uterus and placenta, which will better support the optimum prenatal growth and development of embryos and fetuses, resulting in superior offspring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andriyanto Andriyanto
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology, and Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia
| | - Leliana Nugrahaning Widi
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology, and Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia
| | - Mawar Subangkit
- Department of Clinic, Reproduction, and Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia
| | - Elpita Tarigan
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology, and Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia
| | - Yusa Irarang
- Graduate School of Veterinary Biomedical Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia
| | - Rindy Fazni Nengsih
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology, and Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia
| | - Wasmen Manalu
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology, and Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia
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20
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Batista PR, Gobello C, Rube A, Barrena JP, Arioni S, Blanco PG. Doppler ultrasonographic evaluation of medically treated female dogs with cystic endometrial hyperplasia-pyometra complex. Vet Radiol Ultrasound 2022; 63:490-497. [PMID: 35279908 DOI: 10.1111/vru.13079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Monitoring the treatment outcome of canine cystic endometrial hyperplasia-pyometra complex (CEH-P) is essential to identify nonresponding patients who might require a rapid intervention to avoid life-threatening conditions. Uterine artery Doppler characterization may contribute to monitoring medically treated CEH-P, but published studies are currently lacking. Therefore, the aim of this longitudinal prospective observational study was to evaluate uterine artery resistance changes in the medical treatment of female dogs with CEH-P. Twelve diestrous female dogs suffering from CEH-P were treated with a combined protocol of cabergoline, cloprostenol, and antibiotics. The animals were clinically and ultrasonographically evaluated before the beginning of treatment (day 0) and on days 3, 7, 14, 21, and 28. The widest transverse diameter and luminal diameter of uterine horns were measured, as well as the peak systolic velocity (PSV) and end diastolic velocity (EDV) of uterine arteries. The resistance index (RI), pulsatility index (PI), and notch deep index (NDI) were calculated. On day 3, nine of 12 animals showed clinical improvement. In all these female dogs, the widest transverse sectional diameter (P < 0.01), luminal diameter (P < 0.01), PSV (P < 0.01), and EDV (P < 0.01) progressively decreased, while RI (P < 0.01), PI (P < 0.01), and NDI (P < 0.01) increased up to day 21. In nonresponding dogs (3/12), Doppler parameters remained unchanged. Although comparisons of PSV, EDV, and NDI were significantly different, these results should be cautiously interpreted due to the low statistical power. female dogs that responded to this treatment showed an increase in uterine artery resistance, along with clinical and ultrasonographic improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Rodrigo Batista
- Center of Reproductive Physiology and Imaging Diagnosis, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata, Argentina.,CONICET, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Cristina Gobello
- Center of Reproductive Physiology and Imaging Diagnosis, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata, Argentina.,CONICET, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Ana Rube
- Center of Reproductive Physiology and Imaging Diagnosis, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata, Argentina.,Ultrasound Service, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Jorge Pablo Barrena
- Center of Reproductive Physiology and Imaging Diagnosis, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata, Argentina.,Ultrasound Service, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Sol Arioni
- Center of Reproductive Physiology and Imaging Diagnosis, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata, Argentina.,CONICET, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Paula Graciela Blanco
- Center of Reproductive Physiology and Imaging Diagnosis, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata, Argentina.,CONICET, La Plata, Argentina
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21
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Lao TT, Wong LL, Hui SYA, Sahota DS. Iron Deficiency Anaemia and Atonic Postpartum Haemorrhage Following Labour. Reprod Sci 2022; 29:1102-1110. [PMID: 34993930 DOI: 10.1007/s43032-021-00534-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2020] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this retrospective cohort study is to determine if iron deficiency anaemia (IDA) is associated with increased atonic postpartum haemorrhage (PPH) following labour. Women with singleton pregnancy carried to 24 or more weeks gestation, who were delivered under our care from 1997 to 2019, constituted the study population. A diagnosis of IDA was based on the finding of haemoglobin <10 g/dL and serum ferritin <15 μg/L in the absence of haemoglobinopathies. Women with elective caesarean section were excluded. Maternal characteristics, use of oxytocin, labour outcome and occurrence of PPH were compared between women with and without a diagnosis of IDA. The 1032 women (0.86%) with IDA exhibited slightly but significantly different maternal characteristics and had significantly higher incidence of total (4.5% versus 3.2%, p = 0.024) and atonic PPH (3.1% versus 2.0%, p = 0.011) despite similar incidences of labour induction, augmentation, and instrumental and intrapartum caesarean delivery. Multivariate analysis with adjustment for the effects of age, body mass index, height, parity, abortion history, labour induction and augmentation, instrumental delivery and infant macrosomia demonstrated that IDA was independently associated with total PPH (adjusted relative risk, aRR: 1.455, 95% confidence ratio, CI: 1.040-2.034) and atonic PPH (aRR: 1.588, 95% CI: 1.067-2.364). Our results indicate that despite the low prevalence in our population, IDA was independently associated with atonic PPH, probably consequent to placental adaptive changes in the presence of IDA. The correction and prevention of IDA could be the most important measure in countering the rising global prevalence of atonic PPH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Terence T Lao
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1/F, Block E, Shatin, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China.
| | - Lulu L Wong
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1/F, Block E, Shatin, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuk Yi Annie Hui
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1/F, Block E, Shatin, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
| | - Daljit S Sahota
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1/F, Block E, Shatin, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
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22
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Furukawa S, Tsuji N, Hayashi S, Kuroda Y, Kimura M, Hayakawa C, Takeuchi K, Sugiyama A. Effects of testosterone on rat placental development. J Toxicol Pathol 2022; 35:37-44. [PMID: 35221494 PMCID: PMC8828613 DOI: 10.1293/tox.2021-0035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
We investigated the morphological effects of testosterone on placental development in a
rat model of polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS). Testosterone propionate (TP), which was
subcutaneously administered to pregnant rats with 5 mg/animal from gestation day (GD) 14
to GD 18, induced a maternal weight reduction without mortality or clinical signs from GD
19 onwards. A decrease in fetal and placental weight, an increase in intrauterine growth
retardation (IUGR) rates, and histological changes in the placenta were observed on GD 21
but not on GD15 or 17. Histopathologically, on GD 21, the trophoblast septa thickened, and
the maternal sinusoids were narrowed in the labyrinth zone, resulting in a small placenta.
Additionally, the placental weight, thickness, and histological morphology in the
labyrinth zone on GD 21 in the TP-treated group were nearly identical to those on GD 17 in
the control and TP-treated groups. Therefore, it was assumed that the testosterone-induced
small placenta was induced in association with the developmental inhibition of the fetal
part of the placentas from GD 17 onwards.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Furukawa
- Biological Research Laboratories, Nissan Chemical Corporation, 1470 Shiraoka, Shiraoka-shi, Saitama 349-0294, Japan
| | - Naho Tsuji
- Biological Research Laboratories, Nissan Chemical Corporation, 1470 Shiraoka, Shiraoka-shi, Saitama 349-0294, Japan
| | - Seigo Hayashi
- Biological Research Laboratories, Nissan Chemical Corporation, 1470 Shiraoka, Shiraoka-shi, Saitama 349-0294, Japan
| | - Yusuke Kuroda
- Biological Research Laboratories, Nissan Chemical Corporation, 1470 Shiraoka, Shiraoka-shi, Saitama 349-0294, Japan
| | - Masayuki Kimura
- Biological Research Laboratories, Nissan Chemical Corporation, 1470 Shiraoka, Shiraoka-shi, Saitama 349-0294, Japan
| | - Chisato Hayakawa
- Biological Research Laboratories, Nissan Chemical Corporation, 1470 Shiraoka, Shiraoka-shi, Saitama 349-0294, Japan
| | - Kazuya Takeuchi
- Biological Research Laboratories, Nissan Chemical Corporation, 1470 Shiraoka, Shiraoka-shi, Saitama 349-0294, Japan
| | - Akihiko Sugiyama
- Veterinary Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Okayama University of Science, 1-3 Ikoinooka, Imabari-shi, Ehime 794-8555, Japan
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23
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LoMauro A, Aliverti A. Sex and gender in respiratory physiology. Eur Respir Rev 2021; 30:30/162/210038. [PMID: 34750114 DOI: 10.1183/16000617.0038-2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Sex is a biological concept determined at conception. Gender is a social concept. Medicine recognises sex as a biological variable and recommends including sex as a factor in clinical practice norms and as a topic of bench and clinical research. Sex plays a role in respiratory physiology according to two pathways: hormones and anatomy, with females characterised by smaller dimensions at every level of the respiratory system. Sex hormones also play specific roles in lung inflammatory processes, breathing control and in response to diseases. The literature is extremely controversial because many factors need to be considered to avoid erroneous comparisons. The main difficulty lies in creating homogeneous groups of subjects according to age, body weight, lung/airway size, fluctuations in circulating hormone levels, and exercise protocol. Because almost all of the knowledge available in physiology is based on research in males, medicine for women is therefore less evidence-based than that being applied to men. Finally, the number of transsexual people is increasing and they represent new challenges for clinicians, due to the anatomical and physiological changes that they undergo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonella LoMauro
- Dipartimento di Elettronica, Informazione e Bioingegneria, Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Andrea Aliverti
- Dipartimento di Elettronica, Informazione e Bioingegneria, Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy
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24
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Estrogens Regulate Placental Angiogenesis in Horses. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222212116. [PMID: 34829994 PMCID: PMC8621320 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222212116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Revised: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
A sufficient vascular network within the feto-maternal interface is necessary for placental function. Several pregnancy abnormalities have been associated with abnormal vascular formations in the placenta. We hypothesized that growth and expansion of the placental vascular network in the equine (Equus caballus) placenta is regulated by estrogens (estrogen family hormones), a hormone with a high circulating concentration during equine gestation. Administration of letrozole, a potent and specific inhibitor of aromatase, during the first trimester (D30 to D118), decreased circulatory estrone sulfate concentrations, increased circulatory testosterone and androstenedione concentrations, and tended to reduce the weight of the fetus (p < 0.1). Moreover, the gene expression of CYP17A1 was increased, and the expression of androgen receptor was decreased in the D120 chorioallantois (CA) of letrozole-treated mares in comparison to that of the control mares. We also found that at D120, the number of vessels tended to decrease in the CAs with letrozole treatment (p = 0.07). In addition, expression of a subset of angiogenic genes, such as ANGPT1, VEGF, and NOS2, were altered in the CAs of letrozole-treated mares. We further demonstrated that 17β-estradiol increases the expression of ANGPT1 and VEGF and increases the angiogenic activity of equine endothelial cells in vitro. Our results from the estrogen-suppressed group demonstrated an impaired placental vascular network, suggesting an estrogen-dependent vasculogenesis in the equine CA during the first trimester.
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25
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Vieira VA, Fairlie L. Effects of preconception antiretroviral therapy in placenta development and pregnancy outcomes. AIDS 2021; 35:1139-1141. [PMID: 33946090 DOI: 10.1097/qad.0000000000002918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Lee Fairlie
- Wits Reproductive Health and HIV Institute, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
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26
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Li C, He YC, Xu JJ, Wang Y, Liu H, Duan CC, Shi CY, Chen L, Wang J, Sheng JZ, Huang HF, Wu YT. Perinatal outcomes of neonates born from different endometrial preparation protocols after frozen embryo transfer: a retrospective cohort study. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 2021; 21:341. [PMID: 33926401 PMCID: PMC8086106 DOI: 10.1186/s12884-021-03791-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies have focused on pregnancy outcomes after frozen embryo transfer (FET) performed using different endometrial preparation protocols. Few studies have evaluated the effect of endometrial preparation on pregnancy-related complications. This study was designed to explore the association between different endometrial preparation protocols and adverse obstetric and perinatal complications after FET. METHODS We retrospectively included all FET cycles (n = 12,950) in our hospital between 2010 and 2017, and categorized them into three groups, natural cycles (NC), hormone replacement therapy (HRT) and ovarian stimulation (OS) protocols. Pregnancy-related complications and subsequent neonatal outcomes were compared among groups. RESULTS Among all 12,950 FET cycles, the live birth rate was slightly lower for HRT cycles than for NC (HRT vs. NC: 28.15% vs. 31.16%, p < 0.001). The pregnancy loss rate was significantly higher in OS or HRT cycles than in NC (HRT vs. NC: 17.14% vs. 10.89%, p < 0.001; OS vs. NC: 16.44% vs. 10.89%, p = 0.001). Among 3864 women with live birth, preparing the endometrium using OS or HRT protocols increased the risk of preeclampsia, and intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (ICP) in both singleton and multiple deliveries. Additionally, OS and HRT protocols increased the risk of low birth weight (LBW) and small for gestational age (SGA) in both singletons and multiples after FET. CONCLUSION Compared with HRT or OS protocols, preparing the endometrium with NC was associated with the decreased risk of pregnancy-related complications, as well as the decreased risk of LBW and SGA after FET.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Li
- International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, No.910, Hengshan Rd., Shanghai, 200030, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Diseases, Shanghai, 200030, China
| | - Yi-Chen He
- International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, No.910, Hengshan Rd., Shanghai, 200030, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Diseases, Shanghai, 200030, China
| | - Jing-Jing Xu
- International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, No.910, Hengshan Rd., Shanghai, 200030, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Diseases, Shanghai, 200030, China
| | - Yu Wang
- International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, No.910, Hengshan Rd., Shanghai, 200030, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Diseases, Shanghai, 200030, China
| | - Han Liu
- International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, No.910, Hengshan Rd., Shanghai, 200030, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Diseases, Shanghai, 200030, China
| | - Chen-Chi Duan
- International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, No.910, Hengshan Rd., Shanghai, 200030, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Diseases, Shanghai, 200030, China
| | - Chao-Yi Shi
- International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, No.910, Hengshan Rd., Shanghai, 200030, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Diseases, Shanghai, 200030, China
| | - Lei Chen
- International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, No.910, Hengshan Rd., Shanghai, 200030, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Diseases, Shanghai, 200030, China
| | - Jie Wang
- International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, No.910, Hengshan Rd., Shanghai, 200030, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Diseases, Shanghai, 200030, China
| | - Jian-Zhong Sheng
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - He-Feng Huang
- International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, No.910, Hengshan Rd., Shanghai, 200030, China. .,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Diseases, Shanghai, 200030, China. .,Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, No.419, Fangxie Rd., Shanghai, 200000, China.
| | - Yan-Ting Wu
- International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, No.910, Hengshan Rd., Shanghai, 200030, China. .,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Diseases, Shanghai, 200030, China. .,Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, No.419, Fangxie Rd., Shanghai, 200000, China.
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27
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Das D, Saikia PJ, Gowala U, Sarma HN. Cell Specific Expression of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-2 (Flk-1/KDR) in Developing Mice Embryo and Supporting Maternal Uterine Tissue during Early Gestation (D4-D7). INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FERTILITY & STERILITY 2021; 15:148-157. [PMID: 33687169 PMCID: PMC8052796 DOI: 10.22074/ijfs.2021.134530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2020] [Accepted: 09/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Background Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and the corresponding receptors play key role in vasculogenesis and angiogenesis processes. VEGF is one of the prime candidates in regulating embryo implantation by increasing vascular permeability. VEGF receptor-2, also called Flk-1/KDR, is one of the prime receptor which is actively involved in the execution of various functions of VEGF. However, precise role of this receptor during early gestation period is yet to be addressed. In the present study, expression of Flk-1/KDR during peri-implantation mice uterus as well as fetal-maternal tissues from day 4-day 7 (D4-D7) of gestation was investigated. Materials and Methods In this experimental study, localization of Flk-1/KDR was investigated by immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence techniques, in paraffin embedded tissue sections. Flk-1/KDR protein and mRNA expressions were investigated by western blotting and quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), respectively. Effects of ovarian steroids on expression of Flk-1/KDR were also assessed by estrogen and progesterone antagonist treatment. Results Uterine tissue on D4 showed strong expression of Flk-1/KDR in luminal and uterine glandular epithelium. On D5 and D6, differential expression of Flk-1/KDR was evidenced in certain cell types of the embryo, maternal tissues and fetal-maternal interface with varied intensity. Flk-1/KDR was specifically expressed in the ectoplacental cone (EPC) and various cells of the embryo on D7. Flk-1/KDR expression was not evidenced in the estradiol-17β (E2) and progesterone (P4) antagonist treated uterus. Western blotting result revealed presence of Flk-1/KDR protein in the all gestation days, except antagonist treated uterus. qRT-PCR analysis showed significant increase of Flk-1/KDR mRNA transcript on D6 and D7. Conclusion Spatial-temporal expression of Flk-1/KDR during peri-implntation period in mice uterus especially in the feto-maternal interface was observed. This spatio-temporal specificity as well as increased expression of Flk-1/KDR could be one of the determinants for establishment of fetal-maternal cross talk during the critical period of development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimpimoni Das
- Molecular Endocrinology and Reproductive Biology Research Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Rajiv Gandhi University, Itanagar, Arunachal Pradesh, India
| | - Purba J Saikia
- Department of Zoology, Dhemaji College, Dhemaji, Assam, India.
| | - Upasa Gowala
- Molecular Endocrinology and Reproductive Biology Research Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Rajiv Gandhi University, Itanagar, Arunachal Pradesh, India
| | - Hirendra N Sarma
- Molecular Endocrinology and Reproductive Biology Research Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Rajiv Gandhi University, Itanagar, Arunachal Pradesh, India
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28
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Moreno-Sepulveda J, Espinós JJ, Checa MA. Lower risk of adverse perinatal outcomes in natural versus artificial frozen-thawed embryo transfer cycles: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Reprod Biomed Online 2021; 42:1131-1145. [PMID: 33903031 DOI: 10.1016/j.rbmo.2021.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2020] [Revised: 02/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
This systematic review of literature and meta-analysis of observational studies reports on perinatal outcomes after frozen embryo transfer (FET). The aim was to determine whether natural cycle frozen embryo transfer (NC-FET) in singleton pregnancies conceived after IVF decreased the risk of adverse perinatal outcomes compared with artificial cycle frozen embryo transfer (AC-FET). Thirteen cohort studies, including 93,201 cycles, met the inclusion criteria. NC-FET was associated with a lower risk of hypertensive disorders in pregnancy (HDP) (RR 0.61, 95% CI 0.50 to 0.73), preeclampsia (RR 0.47, 95% CI 0.42 to 0.53), large for gestational age (LGA) (RR 0.93, 95% CI 0.90 to 0.96) and macrosomia (RR 0.82, 95% CI 0.69 to 0.97) compared with AC-FET. No significant difference was found in the risk of gestational hypertension and small for gestational age. Secondary outcomes assessed were the risk of preterm birth (RR 0.83, 95% CI 0.79 to 0.88); post-term birth (RR 0.48, 95% CI 0.29 to 0.80); low birth weight (RR 0.84, 95% CI 0.80 to 0.89); caesarean section (RR 0.84, 95% CI 0.77 to 0.91); postpartum haemorrhage (RR 0.39, 95% CI 0.35 to 0.45); placental abruption (RR 0.61, 95% CI 0.38 to 0.98); and placenta accreta (RR 0.18, 95% CI 0.10 to 0.33). All were significantly lower with NC-FET compared with AC-FET. In assessing safety, NC-FET significantly decreased the risk of HDP, preeclampsia, LGA, macrosomia, preterm birth, post-term birth, low birth weight, caesarean section, postpartum haemorrhage, placental abruption and placenta accreta. Further randomized controlled trials addressing the effect of NC-FET and AC-FET on maternal and perinatal outcomes are warranted. Clinicians should carefully monitor pregnancies achieved by FET in artificial cycles prenatally, during labour and postnatally.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Moreno-Sepulveda
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Campus Universitario UAB, Bellaterra Cerdanyola del Vallès 08193, Spain; Clínica de la Mujer Medicina Reproductiva, Alejandro Navarrete 2606, Viña del Mar, Chile.
| | - Juan Jose Espinós
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Campus Universitario UAB, Bellaterra Cerdanyola del Vallès 08193, Spain; Fertty International, Carrer d'Ausiàs Marc, 25, Barcelona 08010, Spain; Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Carrer de Sant Quintí, 89 Barcelona 08041, Spain
| | - Miguel Angel Checa
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Campus Universitario UAB, Bellaterra Cerdanyola del Vallès 08193, Spain; Fertty International, Carrer d'Ausiàs Marc, 25, Barcelona 08010, Spain; GRI-BCN, Barcelona Infertility Research Group, IMIM, Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques, Carrer del Dr. Aiguader, 88, Barcelona 08003, Spain
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Shin YY, An SM, Jeong JS, Yang SY, Lee GS, Hong EJ, Jeung EB, Kim SC, An BS. Comparison of steroid hormones in three different preeclamptic models. Mol Med Rep 2021; 23:252. [PMID: 33537808 PMCID: PMC7893799 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2021.11891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Accepted: 10/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Preeclampsia (PE) is a complication of pregnancy and is characterized by hypertension and proteinuria, threatening both the mother and the fetus. However, the etiology of PE has not yet been fully understood. Since the imbalance of steroid hormones is associated with the pathogenesis of PE, investigating steroidogenic mechanisms under various PE conditions is essential to understand the entire spectrum of pregnancy disorders. Therefore, the current study established three PE in vitro and in vivo models, and compared the levels of steroid hormones and steroidogenic enzymes within them. In cellular PE models induced by hypoxia, N‑nitro‑L‑arginine methyl ester hydrocholride (L‑NAME) and catechol‑o‑methyltransferase inhibitor, the levels of steroid hormones, including pregnenolone (P5), progesterone (P4), dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) and testosterone tended to decrease during steroidogenesis. Injection of L‑NAME in pregnant rats led to a reduction in the levels of estradiol and P4 through regulation of cholesterol side‑chain cleavage enzyme (CYP11A1) and 3β‑hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase/δ5 4‑isomerase type 1 (HSD3B1), whereas rats treated with COMT‑I exhibited elevated levels of P5 and DHEA by regulation of the CYP11A1 and aromatase cytochrome P450 (CYP19A1) in the placenta and plasma. The reduced uterine perfusion pressure operation decreased CYP11A1 and increased CYP19A1 expression in placental tissues, whereas steroid hormone levels were not altered. In conclusion, the results of the present study suggest that the induction of PE conditions dysregulates the steroid hormones via regulation of steroidogenic enzymes, depending on specific PE symptoms. These findings can contribute to the development of novel diagnostic and therapeutic modalities for PE, by monitoring and supplying appropriate levels of steroid hormones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Young Shin
- Department of Biomaterials Science (BK21 FOUR Program), College of Natural Resources and Life Science/Life and Industry Convergence Research Institute, Pusan National University, Miryang, Gyeongsangnam 50463, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Min An
- Department of Biomaterials Science (BK21 FOUR Program), College of Natural Resources and Life Science/Life and Industry Convergence Research Institute, Pusan National University, Miryang, Gyeongsangnam 50463, Republic of Korea
| | - Jea Sic Jeong
- Department of Biomaterials Science (BK21 FOUR Program), College of Natural Resources and Life Science/Life and Industry Convergence Research Institute, Pusan National University, Miryang, Gyeongsangnam 50463, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Yun Yang
- Department of Biomaterials Science (BK21 FOUR Program), College of Natural Resources and Life Science/Life and Industry Convergence Research Institute, Pusan National University, Miryang, Gyeongsangnam 50463, Republic of Korea
| | - Geun-Shik Lee
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Eui-Ju Hong
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Eui-Bae Jeung
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk 28644, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Chul Kim
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Biomedical Research Institute, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Busan 49241, Republic of Korea
| | - Beum-Soo An
- Department of Biomaterials Science (BK21 FOUR Program), College of Natural Resources and Life Science/Life and Industry Convergence Research Institute, Pusan National University, Miryang, Gyeongsangnam 50463, Republic of Korea
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Asserhøj LL, Spangmose AL, Aaris Henningsen AK, Clausen TD, Ziebe S, Jensen RB, Pinborg A. Adverse obstetric and perinatal outcomes in 1,136 singleton pregnancies conceived after programmed frozen embryo transfer (FET) compared with natural cycle FET. Fertil Steril 2021; 115:947-956. [PMID: 33461756 DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2020.10.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2020] [Revised: 10/07/2020] [Accepted: 10/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate whether obstetric and perinatal outcomes in pregnancies differ after different frozen embryo transfer (FET) protocols. DESIGN Register-based cohort study. SETTING Not applicable. PATIENT(S) All singleton deliveries after assisted reproductive technology in Denmark from 2006 to 2014. Data consisted of 1,136 deliveries after frozen in vitro fertilization. Frozen embryo transfer cycles were grouped by type of FET protocol: programmed FET (n = 357); modified natural cycle FET (n = 611); and true natural cycle FET (n = 168). INTERVENTION(S) None. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S) Obstetric outcomes (hypertensive disorders in pregnancy, preterm prelabor rupture of membranes, placenta previa, placental abruption, induction of labor, postpartum hemorrhage, and cesarean section) and perinatal outcomes (post-term birth, preterm birth, birth weight, small for gestational age, large for gestational age). RESULT(S) The risk of hypertensive disorders in pregnancy, postpartum hemorrhage, and cesarean section was significantly higher after programmed FET compared with natural cycle FET (modified natural cycle FET and true natural cycle FET). A higher risk of birth weight > 4,500 g was observed in the programmed FET group compared with natural cycle FET. CONCLUSION(S) This study shows that obstetric and perinatal outcomes are adversely affected in programmed FET cycles. Hence, when possible, an endometrial preparation with the creation of a corpus luteum should be considered. Properly sized randomized controlled trials of FET in programmed cycle versus natural cycle including perinatal outcomes are warranted in the future. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER ISRCTN11780826.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louise Laub Asserhøj
- Fertility Clinic, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Growth and Reproduction, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Anne Lærke Spangmose
- Fertility Clinic, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | | | - Søren Ziebe
- Fertility Clinic, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Rikke Beck Jensen
- Department of Growth and Reproduction, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Anja Pinborg
- Fertility Clinic, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Martínez-Razo LD, Martínez-Ibarra A, Vázquez-Martínez ER, Cerbón M. The impact of Di-(2-ethylhexyl) Phthalate and Mono(2-ethylhexyl) Phthalate in placental development, function, and pathophysiology. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2021; 146:106228. [PMID: 33157377 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2020.106228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2020] [Revised: 09/11/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) is a chemical widely distributed in the environment as is extensively used in the plastic industry. DEHP is considered an endocrine disruptor chemical (EDC) and humans are inevitably and unintentionally exposed to this EDC through several sources including food, beverages, cosmetics, medical devices, among others. DEHP exposure has been associated and may be involved in the development of various pathologies; importantly, pregnant women are a particular risk group considering that endocrine alterations during gestation may impact fetal programming leading to the development of several chronic diseases in adulthood. Recent studies have indicated that exposure to DEHP and its metabolite Mono(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (MEHP) may impair placental development and function, which in turn would have a negative impact on fetal growth. Studies performed in several trophoblastic and placental models have shown the negative impact of DEHP and MEHP in key processes related to placental development such as implantation, differentiation, invasion and angiogenesis. In addition, many alterations in placental functions like hormone signaling, metabolism, transfer of nutrients, immunomodulation and oxidative stress response have been reported. Moreover, clinical-epidemiological evidence supports the association between DEHP exposure and adverse pregnancy outcomes and pathologies. In this review, we aim to summarize for the first time current knowledge about the impact of DEHP and MEHP exposure on placental development and pathophysiology, as well as the mechanisms involved. We also remark the importance of exploring DEHP and MEHP effects in different trophoblast cell populations and discuss new perspectives regarding this topic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis Daniel Martínez-Razo
- Unidad de Investigación en Reproducción Humana, Instituto Nacional de Perinatología "Isidro Espinosa de los Reyes" - Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México 11000, Mexico
| | - Alejandra Martínez-Ibarra
- Unidad de Investigación en Reproducción Humana, Instituto Nacional de Perinatología "Isidro Espinosa de los Reyes" - Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México 11000, Mexico; Departamento de Sistemas Biológicos, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, Ciudad de México 04960, Mexico
| | - Edgar Ricardo Vázquez-Martínez
- Unidad de Investigación en Reproducción Humana, Instituto Nacional de Perinatología "Isidro Espinosa de los Reyes" - Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México 11000, Mexico
| | - Marco Cerbón
- Unidad de Investigación en Reproducción Humana, Instituto Nacional de Perinatología "Isidro Espinosa de los Reyes" - Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México 11000, Mexico.
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Raez-Villanueva S, Perono GA, Jamshed L, Thomas PJ, Holloway AC. Effects of dibenzothiophene, a sulfur-containing heterocyclic aromatic hydrocarbon, and its alkylated congener, 2,4,7-trimethyldibenzothiophene, on placental trophoblast cell function. J Appl Toxicol 2020; 41:1367-1379. [PMID: 33314207 DOI: 10.1002/jat.4128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2020] [Revised: 11/19/2020] [Accepted: 12/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Worldwide demand for petroleum products has resulted in increased oil and gas activities in many countries. Conventional and unconventional oil and gas extraction, production, and transport lead to increased levels of petroleum-derived polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in the environment. PAH exposure has profound effects on reproduction by affecting pathways involved in placental trophoblast cell function and impairing normal placental development and function-key contributors to reproductive success. However, other components found in petroleum and wastewaters from oil and gas extraction, including the sulfur-containing heterocyclic aromatic compounds such as dibenzothiophene (DBT) and its alkylated derivatives, may also impact reproductive success. The goal of this study was to examine the effect of exposure to DBT, a compound commonly detected in the environment, and one of its alkylated analogues, 2,4,7-trimethyldibenzothiophene (2,4,7-DBT), on steroidogenic and angiogenic pathways critical for mammalian development in placental trophoblast cells (HTR-8/SVneo cells). 2,4,7-DBT but not DBT increased estradiol output in association with increased tube-like formation (surrogate for angiogenesis). These changes in angiogenesis did not appear to be related to altered expression of the key placental angiogenic gene targets (ANGPTL4, VEGFA, and PGF). Neither compound showed a concentration related effect on progesterone synthesis or its receptor expression. Our results suggest that 2,4,7-DBT can disrupt key pathways important for placental trophoblast function and highlight the importance of determining the impact of exposure to both parent and alkylated compounds. Further, these data suggest that exposure to sulfur-containing heterocyclic aromatic compounds may lead to placental dysfunction and impact reproductive success at environmentally relevant levels.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Genevieve A Perono
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Laiba Jamshed
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Philippe J Thomas
- Environment and Climate Change Canada, National Wildlife Research Centre, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Alison C Holloway
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
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Xie K, Li Y, Chen D, Yu B, Luo Y, Mao X, Huang Z, Yu J, Luo J, Zheng P, Yan H, He J. Daidzein supplementation enhances embryo survival by improving hormones, antioxidant capacity, and metabolic profiles of amniotic fluid in sows. Food Funct 2020; 11:10588-10600. [PMID: 33196069 DOI: 10.1039/d0fo02472d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Daidzein (DAI) is a kind of natural isoflavonic phytoestrogen with estrogenic activity. However, little is known about its influence on early fetal growth in mammalian animals. The current study aimed to explore the characteristics of amniotic fluid exposure to dietary DAI using 1H NMR-based metabolomics and biochemical analysis. Here, we found that DAI supplementation at a dose of 200 mg kg-1 significantly enhanced the number of viable embryos at the early gestation stage (P < 0.05). DAI significantly elevated the concentrations of estrogen (E) and insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) in the amniotic fluid (P < 0.05). Moreover, DAI tended to increase the concentration of progesterone, but decrease the concentration of tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) in the amniotic fluid (0.05 < P < 0.10). Interestingly, the activity of glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) was higher in the DAI group than in the CON group (P < 0.05). An 1H NMR-based metabolomics analysis identified and quantified more than 30 compounds in the amniotic fluid, and some critical metabolites such as arginine, creatine, and citrate were found to be significantly elevated upon DAI supplementation (P < 0.05). Importantly, the metabolic pathways involved in arginine and proline metabolisms were found to be significantly affected by DAI. Collectively, dietary DAI may improve embryo survival by improving hormones, antioxidant capacity, and metabolic profiles in the maternal amniotic fluid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kunhong Xie
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, P. R. China.
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Ma Y, Yu X, Zhang L, Liu J, Shao X, Li YX, Wang YL. Uterine decidual niche modulates the progressive dedifferentiation of spiral artery vascular smooth muscle cells during human pregnancy†. Biol Reprod 2020; 104:624-637. [PMID: 33336235 DOI: 10.1093/biolre/ioaa208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2020] [Revised: 10/13/2019] [Accepted: 11/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Uterine spiral artery (SPA) remodeling is a crucial event during pregnancy to provide enough blood supply to maternal-fetal interface and meet the demands of the growing fetus. Along this process, the dynamic change and the fate of spiral artery vascular smooth muscle cells (SPA-VSMCs) have long been debatable. In the present study, we analyzed the cell features of SPA-VSMCs at different stages of vascular remodeling in human early pregnancy, and we demonstrated the progressively morphological change of SPA-VSMCs at un-remodeled (Un-Rem), remodeling, and fully remodeled (Fully-Rem) stages, indicating the extravillous trophoblast (EVT)-independent and EVT-dependent phases of SPA-VSMC dedifferentiation. In vitro experiments in VSMC cell line revealed the efficient roles of decidual stromal cells, decidual natural killer cells (dNK), decidual macrophages, and EVTs in inducing VSMCs dedifferentiation. Importantly, the potential transformation of VSMC toward CD56+ dNKs was displayed by immunofluorescence-DNA in-situ hybridization-proximity ligation and chromatin immunoprecipitation assays for H3K4dime modification in the myosin heavy chain 11 (MYH11) promoter region. The findings clearly illustrate a cascade regulation of the progressive dedifferentiation of SPA-VSMCs by multiple cell types in uterine decidual niche and provide new evidences to reveal the destination of SPA-VSMCs during vascular remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeling Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xin Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lanmei Zhang
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, The 306 Hospital of PLA, Beijing, China
| | - Juan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xuan Shao
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yu-Xia Li
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yan-Ling Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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Clinical Changes and Uterine Hemodynamic in Pyometra Medically Treated Bitches. Animals (Basel) 2020; 10:ani10112011. [PMID: 33142944 PMCID: PMC7693860 DOI: 10.3390/ani10112011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2020] [Revised: 10/29/2020] [Accepted: 10/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Pyometra is an infectious uterine disorder marked by important clinical alterations and uterine contamination and blood flow changes in bitches. Although uterine removal is the most common mode of treatment, conservative therapy is an alternative. However, the success of medical treatment in restoring both clinical and uterine alterations has not yet been attested. Thus, we aimed to analyze the effects of both aglepristone alone or in combination with prostaglandin (associative) on clinical, laboratory and uterine hemodynamic features. Bitches were clinically and ultrasonographically (uterine blood flow) evaluated and medically followed-up throughout treatment (8 days) and castrated for local uterine analysis after 9 days of therapy onset. Associative therapy led to altered respiratory rate and decreased body temperature. Both treatments resolved bitches’ clinical condition and laboratory changes, and reduced uterine size. However, associative protocol was more effective in decreasing uterine vascularization and modulating uterine blood flow. Nevertheless, uterus remained microscopically altered soon after both therapy ending, thus not fully restoring local uterine changes in a short-term evaluation. Abstract Cystic endometrial hyperplasia–pyometra complex is a canine endometrial disorder, considered the most common and important among uterine diseases. The treatment of choice is ovariohysterectomy, but medical treatments have become an alternative. However, no studies have been performed in order to evaluate uterine hemodynamic changes during medical treatment for pyometra bitches. Therefore, the aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of two medical protocols by means of clinical (heart rate, respiratory rate and body temperature), medullar response (complete blood count (CBC)) and uterine hemodynamic evaluation in pyometra bitches. For such purpose, 10 bitches with pyometra were assigned to two groups: Aglepristone Group (n = 5) and Associative Group (aglepristone + prostaglandin; n = 5). The Associative Group had altered respiratory rate and decreased body temperature. The Aglepristone Group had decreased plasma protein, however, leukocyte count reduced over time for both therapeutic protocols. Uterine area and vascularization score decreased throughout treatment. There was a significant reduction in uterine perimeter, area and vascularization score. The Associative Group had lower final diastolic velocity and higher systole:diastole ratio (S/D), pulsatility index (PI) and resistance index (RI). In conclusion, both medical treatments are effective in reversing clinical and CBC changes of pyometra, especially aglepristone, however they cannot fully restore local uterine changes in a short-term evaluation. Conversely, associative therapy was more effective in decreasing uterine vascularization and modulating uterine blood flow.
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Mohammadi B, Matinfar M, Drees F, Shabanian S. Evaluating the Effect of Utrogestan on Idiopathic Intrauterine Growth Retardation. Adv Biomed Res 2020; 9:45. [PMID: 33457328 PMCID: PMC7792872 DOI: 10.4103/abr.abr_27_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2020] [Revised: 04/05/2020] [Accepted: 07/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Intrauterine growth factor (IUGR) is one of the most important causes of neonatal mortality. The aim of this study was to evaluate the therapeutic effect of utrogestan on the treatment of IUGR and its complications. Materials and Methods: In this clinical trial, 66 pregnant women with idiopathic IUGR embryos were enrolled. Patients in the intervention group, in addition to receiving routine treatment of control group (high-protein diet, resting), took utrogestan capsules (100 mg) twice daily. The primary and secondary outcomes of the disease were recorded in a checklist. Data were analyzed using SPSS 18 using an independent t-test, Chi-square test, and Fisher's exact test. Results: In the intervention group, mean neonatal weight (P = 0.003), mean neonatal Apgar score (P = 0.001), and mean gestational age at birth (P = 0.001) were significantly higher than those in the control group. There was no neonatal death in the intervention group, whereas in the control group, four cases of neonatal death were observed (P = 0.03). In the majority of subjects in the intervention group, resistance index, and pulsatility index of the umbilical artery decreased (P = 0.002). The difference in abdominal circumference and gestational age in the intervention group decreased (P = 0.01). In the intervention group, the diastolic flow of the umbilical artery increased (P = 0.002). Conclusion: Utrogestan was effective as an inexpensive and effective way to treat IUGR and improve pregnancy outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Belgheis Mohammadi
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Marzieh Matinfar
- Departments of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Student of Research Committee, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Drees
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistic, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Sheida Shabanian
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
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Higher gestational weight gain and lower serum estradiol levels are associated with increased risk of preeclampsia after in vitro fertilization. Pregnancy Hypertens 2020; 22:126-131. [PMID: 32889248 DOI: 10.1016/j.preghy.2020.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2020] [Revised: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 08/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To assess the association of preeclampsia with serum estradiol (E2) and progesterone (P4) levels on the day of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) administration during controlled ovarian hyperstimulation (COH) for in vitro fertilization/intracytoplasmic sperm injection (IVF/ICSI). METHODS This was a hospital-based cohort study using clinical data from the Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Obstetric and Neonatal Database (KCGMHOND) from Jan 1, 2001 to December 1, 2018. RESULTS A total of 622 women who had live births after fresh IVF/ICSI-ET during the study period met our inclusion criteria. Twenty-eight women (4.5%) met the diagnostic criteria for preeclampsia. However, women in the preeclampsia group had a significantly higher body weight at delivery (80.5 vs. 70.0 kg, p < 0.001) and gestational weight gain (19.6 vs. 13.0 kg, p = 0.002) and had lower use of ICSI (10.7% vs. 29.9%, p = 0.021). We performed logistic regression analysis of the relationship of patient and treatment characteristics with preeclampsia. The crude ORs indicated that young female age ≤ 34, not using ICSI, E2 on hCG day < 1200 pg/mL and gestational weight gain > 20 kg were associated with preeclampsia. After adjustment for confounding, the only factors that remained significant were E2 on hCG day < 1200 pg/mL (aOR = 4.634, 95% CI = 1.061-20.222), and gestational weight gain > 20 kg (aOR: 13.601, 95% CI: 3.784, 48.880). CONCLUSIONS For women receiving IVF/ICSI, lower estradiol hormone levels on the day of hCG administration and higher pregnancy weight gain are related with subsequent preeclampsia.
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Gyselaers W. Preeclampsia Is a Syndrome with a Cascade of Pathophysiologic Events. J Clin Med 2020; 9:jcm9072245. [PMID: 32679789 PMCID: PMC7409017 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9072245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Revised: 07/05/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
This review integrates the currently available information on the molecular, cellular, and systemic mechanisms involved in the pathophysiology of preeclampsia. It highlights that the growth, protection, and promotion of the conceptus requires the modulation of an intact maternal immune system, communication between the mother and fetus, and adaptation of the maternal organic functions. A malfunction in any of these factors, on either side, will result in a failure of the cascade of events required for the normal course of pregnancy. Maladaptive processes, initially aiming to protect the conceptus, fail to anticipate the gradually increasing cardiovascular volume load during the course of pregnancy. As a result, multiple organ dysfunctions install progressively and eventually reach a state where mother and/or fetus are at risk of severe morbidity or even mortality, and where the termination of pregnancy becomes the least harmful solution. The helicopter view on pathophysiologic processes associated with preeclampsia, as presented in this paper, illustrates that the etiology of preeclampsia cannot be reduced to one single mechanism, but is to be considered a cascade of consecutive events, fundamentally not unique to pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wilfried Gyselaers
- Department Obstetrics, Ziekenhuis Oost Limburg, B3600 Genk, Belgium; ; Tel.: +32-89-306420
- Department Physiology, Hasselt University, B3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium
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Hord TK, Aubone AMP, Ali A, Templeton HN, Evans R, Bruemmer JE, Winger QA, Bouma GJ. Placenta specific gene targeting to study histone lysine demethylase and androgen signaling in ruminant placenta. Anim Reprod 2020; 17:e20200069. [PMID: 33029224 PMCID: PMC7534563 DOI: 10.1590/1984-3143-ar2020-0069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Reproductive efficiency is critically dependent on embryo survival, establishment of a successful pregnancy and placental development. Recent advances in gene editing technology have enabled investigators to use gene knockdown and knockout approaches to better understand the role of hormone signaling in placental function and fetal growth and development. In this review, an overview of ruminant placentation will be provided, including recent data highlighting the role of histone lysine demethylase 1A and androgen signaling in ruminant placenta and pregnancy. Studies in ruminant placenta establish a role for histone lysine demethylase 1A in controlling genetic networks necessary for important cellular events such as cell proliferation and angiogenesis, as well as androgen receptor signaling during early placentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taylor Kimberly Hord
- Animal Reproduction and Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - Agata Maria Parsons Aubone
- Animal Reproduction and Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - Asghar Ali
- Animal Reproduction and Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - Hayley Nicole Templeton
- Animal Reproduction and Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - River Evans
- Animal Reproduction and Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - Jason Edward Bruemmer
- Animal Reproduction and Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Animal Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - Quinton Alexander Winger
- Animal Reproduction and Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - Gerrit Jerry Bouma
- Animal Reproduction and Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
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Benefits of progesterone on brain immaturity and white matter injury induced by chronic hypoxia in neonatal rats. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2020; 160:e55-e66. [PMID: 32689704 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcvs.2020.03.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2019] [Revised: 03/15/2020] [Accepted: 03/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aims to evaluate the protective effects of progesterone on white matter injury and brain immaturity in neonatal rats with chronic hypoxia. METHODS Three-day old Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into 3 groups: (1) control (n = 48), rats were exposed to normoxia (fraction of inspired oxygen: 21% ± 0%); (2) chronic hypoxia (n = 48), rats were exposed to hypoxia (fraction of inspired oxygen: 10.5% ± 1.0%); and (3) progesterone (n = 48), rats were exposed to hypoxia and administrated with progesterone (8 mg/kg/d). Hematoxylin-eosin staining, immunohistochemistry, real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction, and Western blot analyses were compared on postnatal day 14 in different groups. Motor skill and coordination abilities of rats were assessed via rotation experiments. RESULTS Increased brain weights (P < .05), narrowed ventricular sizes (P < .01), and rotarod experiment scores (P < .01) were better in the progesterone group than in the chronic hypoxia group. The number of mature oligodendrocytes and myelin basic protein expression increased in the progesterone group compared with the chronic hypoxia group (P < .01). The polarization of M1 microglia cells in the corpus callosum of chronic hypoxia-induced hypomyelination rats was significantly increased, whereas there were fewer M2 microglia cells. Conversely, progesterone therapy had an opposite effect and caused an increase in M2 microglia polarization versus a reduction in M1 microglia cells. CONCLUSIONS Progesterone could prevent white matter injury and improve brain maturation in a neonatal hypoxic rat model; this may be associated with inducing a switch from M1 to M2 in microglia.
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Lan KC, Lai YJ, Cheng HH, Tsai NC, Su YT, Tsai CC, Hsu TY. Levels of sex steroid hormones and their receptors in women with preeclampsia. Reprod Biol Endocrinol 2020; 18:12. [PMID: 32070380 PMCID: PMC7027096 DOI: 10.1186/s12958-020-0569-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2019] [Accepted: 01/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pregnant women have high serum concentrations of sex steroid hormones, which are major regulators of paracrine and autocrine responses for many maternal and placental functions. The main purpose of this study was to compare patients with preeclampsia and patients with uncomplicated pregnancies in terms of serum steroid hormones (estradiol [E2], progesterone [P4], dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate [DHEAS], and testosterone [T]) throughout pregnancy and the levels of cord blood and placental steroid receptors during the third trimester. METHODS Quantitative real-time reverse transcription PCR, western blotting, and immunohistochemistry were used to determine the levels of steroid hormones in the serum and cord blood and the placental levels of estrogen receptor-α (ERα), ERβ, androgen receptor (AR), and progesterone receptor (PR). RESULTS There were 45 women in the uncomplicated pregnancy group and 30 women in the preeclampsia group. Serum levels of T were greater and serum levels of E2 were reduced in the preeclampsia group, but the two groups had similar levels of P4 and DHEAS during the third trimester. Cord blood had a decreased level of DHEAS in the preeclampsia group, but the two groups had similar levels of P4, E2, and T. The two groups had similar placental mRNA levels of ERα, ERβ, AR, and PR, but the preeclampsia group had a higher level of ERβ protein and a lower level of ERα protein. Immunohistochemistry indicated that the preeclampsia group had a greater level of ERβ in the nucleus and cytoplasm of syncytiotrophoblasts and stromal cells. CONCLUSIONS Women with preeclampsia had lower levels of steroid hormones, estrogen, and ERα but higher levels of T and ERβ. These molecules may have roles in the pathogenesis of preeclampsia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuo-Chung Lan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, 123 Ta-Pei Road, Niao-Sung District, Kaohsiung City, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Center for Menopause and Reproductive Medicine Research, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yun-Ju Lai
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, 123 Ta-Pei Road, Niao-Sung District, Kaohsiung City, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Hsin Cheng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, 123 Ta-Pei Road, Niao-Sung District, Kaohsiung City, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Ni-Chin Tsai
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, 123 Ta-Pei Road, Niao-Sung District, Kaohsiung City, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Ting Su
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, 123 Ta-Pei Road, Niao-Sung District, Kaohsiung City, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Chang Tsai
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, 123 Ta-Pei Road, Niao-Sung District, Kaohsiung City, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
| | - Te-Yao Hsu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, 123 Ta-Pei Road, Niao-Sung District, Kaohsiung City, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
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Oocyte exposure to supraphysiological estradiol during ovarian stimulation increased the risk of adverse perinatal outcomes after frozen-thawed embryo transfer: a retrospective cohort study. J Dev Orig Health Dis 2019; 11:392-402. [PMID: 31679538 DOI: 10.1017/s2040174419000679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Maternal supraphysiological estradiol (E2) environment during pregnancy leads to adverse perinatal outcomes. However, the influence of oocyte exposure to high E2 levels on perinatal outcomes remains unknown. Thus, a retrospective cohort study was conducted to explore the effect of high E2 level induced by controlled ovarian stimulation (COH) on further outcomes after frozen embryo transfer (FET). The study included all FET cycles (n = 10,581) between 2014 and 2017. All cycles were categorized into three groups according to the E2 level on the day of the human Chorionic Gonadotropin trigger. Odds ratios (ORs) and their confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated to evaluate the association between E2 level during COH and pregnancy outcomes and subsequent neonatal outcomes. From our findings, higher E2 level was associated with lower percentage of chemical pregnancy, clinical pregnancy, ongoing pregnancy, and live birth as well as increased frequency of early miscarriage. Preterm births were more common among singletons in women with higher E2 level during COH (aOR1 = 1.93, 95% CI: 1.22-3.06; aOR2 = 2.05, 95% CI: 1.33-3.06). Incidence of small for gestational age (SGA) was more common in both singletons (aOR1 = 2.01, 95% CI: 1.30-3.11; aOR2 = 2.51, 95% CI: 1.69-3.74) and multiples (aOR1 = 1.58, 95% CI: 1.03-2.45; aOR2 = 1.99, 95% CI: 1.05-3.84) among women with relatively higher E2 level. No association was found between high E2 level during COH and the percentage of macrosomia or large for gestational age. In summary, oocyte exposure to high E2 level during COH should be brought to our attention, since the pregnancy rate decreasing and the risk of preterm birth and SGA increasing following FET.
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Kelley AS, Puttabyatappa M, Ciarelli JN, Zeng L, Smith YR, Lieberman R, Pennathur S, Padmanabhan V. Prenatal Testosterone Excess Disrupts Placental Function in a Sheep Model of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome. Endocrinology 2019; 160:2663-2672. [PMID: 31436841 PMCID: PMC6804485 DOI: 10.1210/en.2019-00386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2019] [Accepted: 08/15/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common condition of reproductive-aged women. In a well-validated sheep model of PCOS, testosterone (T) treatment of pregnant ewes culminated in placental insufficiency and intrauterine growth restriction of offspring. The purpose of this study was to explore specific mechanisms by which T excess compromises placental function in early, mid, and late gestation. Pregnant Suffolk sheep received T propionate 100 mg intramuscularly or control vehicle twice weekly from gestational days (GD) 30 to 90 (term = 147 days). Placental harvest occurred at GD 65, 90, and 140. Real-time RT-PCR was used to assess transcript levels of proinflammatory (TNF, IL1B, IL6, IL8, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1/chemokine ligand 2, cluster of differentiation 68), antioxidant (glutathione reductase and superoxide dismutase 1 and 2), and angiogenic [vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF1A)] genes. Lipid accumulation was assessed using triglyceride assays and Oil Red O staining. Placental measures of oxidative and nitrative stress included the thiobarbituric acid reactive substance assay and high-pressure liquid chromatography. Tissue fibrosis was assessed with Picrosirius Red staining. Student t tests and Cohen effect-size analyses were used for statistical analysis. At GD 65, T-treated placentomes showed increased lipid accumulation and collagen deposition. Notable findings at GD 90 were a significant increase in HIF1A expression and a large effect increase in VEGF expression. At GD 140, T-treated placentomes displayed large effect increases in expression of hypoxia and inflammatory markers. In summary, T treatment during early pregnancy induces distinct gestational age-specific effects on the placental milieu, which may underlie the previously observed phenotype of placental insufficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela S Kelley
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | | | - Joseph N Ciarelli
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Lixia Zeng
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Yolanda R Smith
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Richard Lieberman
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | | | - Vasantha Padmanabhan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
- Correspondence: Vasantha Padmanabhan, PhD, Department of Pediatrics, University of Michigan, 7510 MSRB 1, 1500 West Medical Center Drive, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109. E-mail:
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Kelley AS, Smith YR, Padmanabhan V. A Narrative Review of Placental Contribution to Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes in Women With Polycystic Ovary Syndrome. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2019; 104:5299-5315. [PMID: 31393571 PMCID: PMC6767873 DOI: 10.1210/jc.2019-00383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2019] [Accepted: 08/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrinopathy of reproductive-aged women. In pregnancy, women with PCOS experience increased risk of miscarriage, gestational diabetes, preeclampsia, and extremes of fetal birth weight, and their offspring are predisposed to reproductive and cardiometabolic dysfunction in adulthood. Pregnancy complications, adverse fetal outcomes, and developmental programming of long-term health risks are known to have placental origins. These findings highlight the plausibility of placental compromise in pregnancies of women with PCOS. EVIDENCE SYNTHESIS A comprehensive PubMed search was performed using terms "polycystic ovary syndrome," "placenta," "developmental programming," "hyperandrogenism," "androgen excess," "insulin resistance," "hyperinsulinemia," "pregnancy," and "pregnancy complications" in both human and animal experimental models. CONCLUSIONS There is limited human placental research specific to pregnancy of women with PCOS. Gestational androgen excess and insulin resistance are two clinical hallmarks of PCOS that may contribute to placental dysfunction and underlie the higher rates of maternal-fetal complications observed in pregnancies of women with PCOS. Additional research is needed to prevent adverse maternal and developmental outcomes in women with PCOS and their offspring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela S Kelley
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Yolanda R Smith
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Vasantha Padmanabhan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
- Correspondence and Reprint Requests: Vasantha Padmanabhan, PhD, Department of Pediatrics, University of Michigan, 7510 MSRB 1, 1500 West Medical Center Drive, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109. E-mail:
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Zhang D, Yang Y, Liang C, Liu J, Wang H, Liu S, Yan Q. poFUT1 promotes uterine angiogenesis and vascular remodeling via enhancing the O-fucosylation on uPA. Cell Death Dis 2019; 10:775. [PMID: 31601791 PMCID: PMC6787057 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-019-2005-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2019] [Revised: 09/12/2019] [Accepted: 09/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Uterine angiogenesis and vascular remodeling play critical roles in determing the normal menstrual cycle and successful pregnancy. Poor uterine angiogenesis usually results in pregnancy failure. Protein O-fucosyltransferase 1 (poFUT1) is the key enzyme responsible for O-fucosylated glycan biosynthesis on glycoproteins. However, the dynamic expression and regulation of poFUT1 on the uterine angiogenesis and vascular remodeling remain unknown. Here, we showed that the enlargement of the vascular lumen in the secretory phase was greater than that in the proliferative phase of the uterine endometrium during menstrual cycle; whereas there was a narrower vessel lumen and fewer blood vessels in the decidua from miscarriage patients than in that from healthy pregnancy women. Additionally, the expression of poFUT1 was increased in the uterine endometrium during the secretory phase compared with that in the proliferation phase, and its expression was decreased in the uterus of miscarriage patients compared with that of the healthy pregnancy women. Using hESCs and a mouse model, we demonstrated that poFUT1 increased the O-fucosylation on uPA, and activated of the RhoA signaling pathway, thus facilitating uterine angiogenesis and vascular remodeling. We also provide evidence that poFUT1 promotes hESCs angiogenesis by the decreased stemness of hESCs. These findings reveal a new insight into the uterine angiogenesis and vascular remodeling. The study suggests that poFUT1 could be seen as a novel potential diagnostic and therapeutic target for miscarriage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dandan Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Dalian Medical University, Liaoning Provincial Core Lab of Glycobiology and Glycoengineering, 116044, Dalian, China
| | - Yu Yang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Dalian Medical University, Liaoning Provincial Core Lab of Glycobiology and Glycoengineering, 116044, Dalian, China
| | - Caixia Liang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Dalian Medical University, Liaoning Provincial Core Lab of Glycobiology and Glycoengineering, 116044, Dalian, China
| | - Jianwei Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Dalian Medical University, Liaoning Provincial Core Lab of Glycobiology and Glycoengineering, 116044, Dalian, China
| | - Hao Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Dalian Medical University, Liaoning Provincial Core Lab of Glycobiology and Glycoengineering, 116044, Dalian, China
| | - Shuai Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Dalian Medical University, Liaoning Provincial Core Lab of Glycobiology and Glycoengineering, 116044, Dalian, China.
| | - Qiu Yan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Dalian Medical University, Liaoning Provincial Core Lab of Glycobiology and Glycoengineering, 116044, Dalian, China.
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Grossi E, Parisi F, Duca P, Savasi VM. Maternal estradiol and progesterone concentrations among singleton spontaneous pregnancies during the first trimester. J Endocrinol Invest 2019; 42:633-638. [PMID: 30324258 DOI: 10.1007/s40618-018-0961-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2018] [Accepted: 09/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pregnancy hormonal milieu represents a crucial determinant of fetal outcome. We aim to determine 17β-estradiol (E2) and progesterone (PGT) concentrations in spontaneous pregnancies during the first trimester. In addition, we aim to determine E2 concentrations as a function of gestational age (GA) and PGT. METHODS Between November 2015 and March 2017, 104 healthy women of at least 18 years undergoing medical consultation for voluntary interruption of pregnancy were enrolled in an observational study at University Hospital ASST Fatebenefratelli Sacco, Milan, Italy. Only singleton pregnancies between 5+0 and 13+6 weeks of gestation were eligible. First trimester ultrasound scans were performed for dating and one fasting venous blood sample was collected for E2 and PGT determinations. RESULTS E2 and PGT concentrations steadily increased according to GA. The correlation between E2 on a logarithmic scale and PGT concentrations was expressed by the following equation, explaining 12.6% of E2 variance: logE2 = 2.57 + 0.1 × PGT, (r = 0.34, p < 0.001). By performing a multivariable linear regression analysis adjusted for variables significantly correlated with E2 concentrations, we obtained a model explaining the 53.5% of E2 variance. The final equation to determine E2 concentrations among Caucasian women was: logE2 = 1.96 + 0.01 × GA + 0.004 × PGT. CONCLUSIONS Gestational week-specific reference intervals are reported for maternal E2 and PGT concentrations during early pregnancy, further providing a model for E2 assessment in this period. This will represent a starting point for further evaluations between twin and ART pregnancies, as well as to potentially improve pregnancy outcome and future health of the offspring.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Grossi
- Unit of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, ASST Fatebenefratelli Sacco, Hospital "L. Sacco", University of Milan, via GB Grassi 74, 20157, Milan, Italy.
- Centre for Fetal Research Giorgio Pardi, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.
| | - F Parisi
- Unit of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, ASST Fatebenefratelli Sacco, Hospital "L. Sacco", University of Milan, via GB Grassi 74, 20157, Milan, Italy
- Centre for Fetal Research Giorgio Pardi, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - P Duca
- Medical Statistics, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, ASST Fatebenefratelli Sacco, Hospital "L. Sacco", via GB Grassi 74, 20157, Milan, Italy
| | - V M Savasi
- Unit of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, ASST Fatebenefratelli Sacco, Hospital "L. Sacco", University of Milan, via GB Grassi 74, 20157, Milan, Italy
- Centre for Fetal Research Giorgio Pardi, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
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Abstract
Pregnancy is associated with physiological adjustments in order to allow adequate growth and fetal development. In particular, steroids are necessary to maintain in balance numerous functions during gestation. Steroidogenesis in the maternal, placental and fetal compartments and the biological effects of progestins and estrogens that play a pivotal role before and during pregnancy are described. Although it is well-known that androgens are considered as substrate for estrogens biosynthesis, their biosynthesis and functionality in placental and other tissues have been questioned. As compared with healthy pregnancy, steroid hormones levels have been found altered in complicated pregnancies and hormonal treatments have been used is some pathologies. Therefore, the aim of this work was to review the biosynthesis, function and regulation of progestins, androgens and estrogens during gestation. Furthermore, steroid hormones concentrations during healthy and complicated pregnancy as well hormonal therapies for the prevention of miscarriages and preterm deliveries are discussed in the present review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nancy Noyola-Martínez
- a Departamento de Biología de la Reproducción , Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán , D.F. México , México
| | - Ali Halhali
- a Departamento de Biología de la Reproducción , Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán , D.F. México , México
| | - David Barrera
- a Departamento de Biología de la Reproducción , Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán , D.F. México , México
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Increased pregnancy complications following frozen-thawed embryo transfer during an artificial cycle. J Assist Reprod Genet 2019; 36:925-933. [PMID: 30924053 DOI: 10.1007/s10815-019-01420-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2018] [Accepted: 02/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to clarify the risks of adverse pregnancy outcomes in patients and their offspring after frozen embryo transfer (FET) during an artificial cycle (AC). METHODS We conducted a retrospective cohort study that included all FET cycles and subsequent deliveries in a single centre between August 2013 and March 2016. Pregnancy, obstetric and neonatal outcomes were compared among patients treated during an AC or a natural cycle with luteal phase support (NC-LPS). Multivariate logistic regression was performed to evaluate the relationship between endometrial preparation schemes and pregnancy, obstetric and neonatal outcomes. RESULTS AC-FET was not a significant risk factor for clinical pregnancy rate, multiple birth rate or miscarriage rate after adjusting for potential confounders. However, AC-FET was a significant risk factor for ectopic pregnancy rate (adjusted odds ratio (AOR), 1.738; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.086-2.781) and live birth rate (AOR, 0.709; 95% CI, 0.626-0.802). Regarding obstetric outcomes, AC-FET was found to be associated with an increased risk for hypertension disorder (AOR, 1.780; 95% CI, 1.262-2.510) and caesarean section (AOR, 1.507; 95% CI, 1.195-1.900). In multiples, birth weight (2550 g (2150-2900 g) in AC-FET vs. 2600 g (2350-2900 g) in NC-LPS; P = 0.023), gestational age (36.6 weeks (35.3-37.6 weeks) vs. 37.1 weeks (36.1-37.9 weeks); P < 0.001), and z-score (- 0.5 (- 1.1, - 0.0) vs. - 0.4 (- 1.0, 0.2); P = 0.009) were higher in the NC-LPS group than in the AC-FET group, although there were no differences in these variables among singletons. CONCLUSION Compared with NC-LPS, AC-FET seemed to have a negative effect on obstetric outcomes.
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Anelli GM, Mandò C, Letizia T, Mazzocco MI, Novielli C, Lisso F, Personeni C, Vago T, Cetin I. Placental ESRRG-CYP19A1 Expressions and Circulating 17-Beta Estradiol in IUGR Pregnancies. Front Pediatr 2019; 7:154. [PMID: 31069202 PMCID: PMC6491753 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2019.00154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2019] [Accepted: 04/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Sex steroids are regulating factors for intrauterine growth. 17-β Estradiol (E2) is particularly critical to a physiological pregnancy, as increased maternal E2 was correlated to lower fetal weight at delivery. The placenta itself is a primary source of estrogens, synthetized from cholesterol precursors. Cytochrome P450 aromatase (encoded by CYP19A1 gene) is a rate-limiting enzyme for E2 biosynthesis. CYP19A1 transcription is supported by Estrogen Related-Receptor Gamma (ERRγ- ESRRG gene), which thus has an indirect role in placental steroidogenesis. Here we investigated maternal E2 levels and placental CYP19A1 and ESRRG expressions in pregnancies with IntraUterine Growth Restriction (IUGR). Methods: Singleton pregnancies were studied. E2 was measured in maternal plasma by electrochemiluminescence in 16 term controls and 11 IUGR (classified by umbilical artery doppler pulsatility index) at elective cesarean section, and also in 13 controls during pregnancy at a gestational age comparable to IUGR. CYP19A1 and ESRRG expressions were analyzed in placental tissue. Maternal/fetal characteristics, placental and molecular data were compared among study groups and tested for correlations. Results: Maternal E2 plasma concentrations were significantly decreased in IUGR compared to controls at delivery. When analyzing normal pregnancies at a gestational age similar to IUGR, E2 levels were not different to pathological cases. However, E2 levels at delivery positively correlated with placental efficiency. Placental CYP19A1 levels were significantly higher in IUGR placental tissue vs. controls, and specifically increased in female IUGR placentas. ESRRG expression was not different among groups. Discussion: We report a positive correlation between 17-β Estradiol levels and placental efficiency, that might indicate a disrupted steroidogenesis in IUGR pregnancies. Moreover, we show alterations of CYP19A1 expression in IUGR placentas, possibly indicating a compensatory effect to the adverse IUGR intrauterine environment, also depending on fetal sex. Further studies are needed to deeper investigate IUGR alterations in the complex interaction among molecules involved in placental steroidogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaia Maria Anelli
- Unit of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, ASST Fatebenefratelli Sacco University Hospital, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Chiara Mandò
- Unit of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, ASST Fatebenefratelli Sacco University Hospital, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Teresa Letizia
- Endocrinology Laboratory, Sacco University Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Martina Ilaria Mazzocco
- Unit of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, ASST Fatebenefratelli Sacco University Hospital, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Chiara Novielli
- Unit of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, ASST Fatebenefratelli Sacco University Hospital, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Fabrizia Lisso
- Unit of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, ASST Fatebenefratelli Sacco University Hospital, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Carlo Personeni
- Unit of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, ASST Fatebenefratelli Sacco University Hospital, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Tarcisio Vago
- Endocrinology Laboratory, Sacco University Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Irene Cetin
- Unit of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, ASST Fatebenefratelli Sacco University Hospital, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.,Unit of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Buzzi University Hospital, Milan, Italy
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Beltrame JS, Sordelli MS, Cañumil VA, Alonso CAI, Perez Martinez S, Ribeiro ML. Steroid hormones induce in vitro human first trimester trophoblast tubulogenesis by the lysophosphatidic acid pathway. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2018; 478:126-132. [PMID: 30099013 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2018.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2018] [Revised: 08/03/2018] [Accepted: 08/08/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Successful implantation and placentation requires that extravillous cytotrophoblast acquires an endovascular phenotype and remodels uterine spiral arteries. Progesterone (P4) and estradiol (E2) control many of the placental functions, but their role in vascular remodeling remains controversial. Here, we investigated whether P4 and E2 regulate the acquisition of the human first trimester trophoblast endovascular phenotype, and the participation of the lysophosphatidic acid pathway. For this purpose, human first trimester HTR-8/SVneo cells were seeded on Geltrex and assayed for capillary-like tube formation. P4 and E2 increased HTR-8/SVneo tube formation in a concentration-dependent manner and this effect is mediated by the LPA3 receptor. Moreover, sex steroids increased the mRNA levels of the main enzyme that produce lysophosphatidic acid (lysophospholipase-D) but did not regulate LPA3 mRNA levels. Overall, we demonstrate that steroid hormones regulate HTR-8/SVneo trophoblast capillary-like structures formation and we propose that this process could be modulated directly or indirectly by mechanisms associated to the LPA/LPA3 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jimena S Beltrame
- Laboratorio de Fisiología y Farmacología de la Reproducción, CEFYBO (CONICET - Facultad de Medicina, UBA), Argentina.
| | - Micaela S Sordelli
- Laboratorio de Fisiología y Farmacología de la Reproducción, CEFYBO (CONICET - Facultad de Medicina, UBA), Argentina
| | - Vanesa A Cañumil
- Laboratorio de Fisiología y Farmacología de la Reproducción, CEFYBO (CONICET - Facultad de Medicina, UBA), Argentina
| | - Carlos A I Alonso
- Laboratorio de Biología de la Reproducción en Mamíferos, CEFYBO (CONICET - Facultad de Medicina, UBA), Argentina
| | - Silvina Perez Martinez
- Laboratorio de Biología de la Reproducción en Mamíferos, CEFYBO (CONICET - Facultad de Medicina, UBA), Argentina
| | - María L Ribeiro
- Laboratorio de Fisiología y Farmacología de la Reproducción, CEFYBO (CONICET - Facultad de Medicina, UBA), Argentina
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