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Li W, Huang Y, Tong S, Wan C, Wang Z. The characteristics of the gut microbiota in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis: A systematic review. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis 2024; 109:116291. [PMID: 38581928 DOI: 10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2024.116291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Revised: 03/08/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/08/2024]
Abstract
Increasing evidence has indicated dysbiosis of the gut microbiota in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB). However, the change in the intestinal microbiota varies between different studies. This systematic review was conducted to investigate the characteristics of the gut microbiota in PTB patients. The MBASE, MEDLINE, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library electronic databases were systematically searched, and the quality of the retrieved studies was evaluated using the Newcastle-Ottawa scale. A total of 12 studies were finally included in the systematic review. Compared with healthy controls, the index reflecting α-diversity including the richness and/or diversity index decreased in 6 studies, while β-diversity presented significant differences in PTB patients in 10 studies. Although the specific gut microbiota alterations were inconsistent, short-chain fatty acid-producing bacteria (including Lachnospiraceae, Ruminococcus, Blautia, Dorea, and Faecalibacterium), bacteria associated with an inflammatory state (e.g., Prevotellaceae and Prevotella), and beneficial bacteria (e.g., Bifidobacteriaceae and Bifidobacterium) were commonly noted. Our systematic review identifies key evidence for gut microbiota alterations in PTB patients, in comparison with healthy controls; however, no consistent conclusion could be drawn, due to the inconsistent results and heterogeneous methodologies of the enrolled studies. Therefore, more well-designed research with standard methodologies and large sample sizes is required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiran Li
- Department of Pediatrics, West China Second Hospital, Sichuan University, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, NHC Key Laboratory of Chronobiology (Sichuan University), China
| | - Yunfei Huang
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory for Assisted Reproduction and Reproductive Genetics, Shanghai, China
| | - Shuai Tong
- Department of Pediatrics, West China Second Hospital, Sichuan University, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, NHC Key Laboratory of Chronobiology (Sichuan University), China
| | - Chaomin Wan
- Department of Pediatrics, West China Second Hospital, Sichuan University, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, NHC Key Laboratory of Chronobiology (Sichuan University), China
| | - Zhiling Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, West China Second Hospital, Sichuan University, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, NHC Key Laboratory of Chronobiology (Sichuan University), China.
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2
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Kayongo A, Ntayi ML, Olweny G, Kyalo E, Ndawula J, Ssengooba W, Kigozi E, Kalyesubula R, Munana R, Namaganda J, Caroline M, Sekibira R, Bagaya BS, Kateete DP, Joloba ML, Jjingo D, Sande OJ, Mayanja-Kizza H. Airway microbiome signature accurately discriminates Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection status. iScience 2024; 27:110142. [PMID: 38904070 PMCID: PMC11187240 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.110142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Revised: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Mycobacterium tuberculosis remains one of the deadliest infectious agents globally. Amidst efforts to control TB, long treatment duration, drug toxicity, and resistance underscore the need for novel therapeutic strategies. Despite advances in understanding the interplay between microbiome and disease in humans, the specific role of the microbiome in predicting disease susceptibility and discriminating infection status in tuberculosis still needs to be fully investigated. We investigated the impact of M.tb infection and M.tb-specific IFNγ immune responses on airway microbiome diversity by performing TB GeneXpert and QuantiFERON-GOLD assays during the follow-up phase of a longitudinal HIV-Lung Microbiome cohort of individuals recruited from two large independent cohorts in rural Uganda. M.tb rather than IFNγ immune response mainly drove a significant reduction in airway microbiome diversity. A microbiome signature comprising Streptococcus, Neisseria, Fusobacterium, Prevotella, Schaalia, Actinomyces, Cutibacterium, Brevibacillus, Microbacterium, and Beijerinckiacea accurately discriminated active TB from Latent TB and M.tb-uninfected individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex Kayongo
- Department of Immunology and Molecular Biology, Makerere University, College of Health Sciences, Kampala 256, Uganda
- Lung Institute, Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Kampala 256, Uganda
| | - Moses Levi Ntayi
- Department of Immunology and Molecular Biology, Makerere University, College of Health Sciences, Kampala 256, Uganda
- Lung Institute, Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Kampala 256, Uganda
| | - Geoffrey Olweny
- Department of Immunology and Molecular Biology, Makerere University, College of Health Sciences, Kampala 256, Uganda
| | - Edward Kyalo
- Department of Immunology and Molecular Biology, Makerere University, College of Health Sciences, Kampala 256, Uganda
- Lung Institute, Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Kampala 256, Uganda
| | - Josephine Ndawula
- Department of Immunology and Molecular Biology, Makerere University, College of Health Sciences, Kampala 256, Uganda
- Lung Institute, Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Kampala 256, Uganda
| | - Willy Ssengooba
- Department of Immunology and Molecular Biology, Makerere University, College of Health Sciences, Kampala 256, Uganda
- Lung Institute, Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Kampala 256, Uganda
| | - Edgar Kigozi
- Department of Immunology and Molecular Biology, Makerere University, College of Health Sciences, Kampala 256, Uganda
| | - Robert Kalyesubula
- Department of Research, African Community Center for Social Sustainability (ACCESS), Nakaseke 256, Uganda
- Department of Medicine, Makerere University, College of Health Sciences, Kampala 256, Uganda
| | - Richard Munana
- Department of Research, African Community Center for Social Sustainability (ACCESS), Nakaseke 256, Uganda
| | - Jesca Namaganda
- Department of Immunology and Molecular Biology, Makerere University, College of Health Sciences, Kampala 256, Uganda
- Lung Institute, Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Kampala 256, Uganda
| | - Musiime Caroline
- Department of Immunology and Molecular Biology, Makerere University, College of Health Sciences, Kampala 256, Uganda
| | - Rogers Sekibira
- Department of Immunology and Molecular Biology, Makerere University, College of Health Sciences, Kampala 256, Uganda
| | - Bernard Sentalo Bagaya
- Department of Immunology and Molecular Biology, Makerere University, College of Health Sciences, Kampala 256, Uganda
| | - David Patrick Kateete
- Department of Immunology and Molecular Biology, Makerere University, College of Health Sciences, Kampala 256, Uganda
| | - Moses Lutaakome Joloba
- Department of Immunology and Molecular Biology, Makerere University, College of Health Sciences, Kampala 256, Uganda
| | - Daudi Jjingo
- College of Computing and Information Sciences, Computer Science, Makerere University, Kampala 256, Uganda
- African Center of Excellence in Bioinformatics and Data Science, Infectious Diseases Institute, Kampala 256, Uganda
| | - Obondo James Sande
- Department of Immunology and Molecular Biology, Makerere University, College of Health Sciences, Kampala 256, Uganda
| | - Harriet Mayanja-Kizza
- Department of Medicine, Makerere University, College of Health Sciences, Kampala 256, Uganda
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3
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Lu Z, Xu W, Guo Y, He F, Zhang G. Causal associations of gut microbiota and pulmonary tuberculosis: a two-sample Mendelian randomization study. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1400214. [PMID: 38946900 PMCID: PMC11214272 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1400214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The prevalence of pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) as an infectious disease continues to contribute significantly to global mortality. According to recent studies, the gut microbiota of PTB patients and healthy controls (HCs) show significant disparities. However, the causal relationship between them has yet to be elucidated. Methods We conducted a study using Mendelian Randomization (MR) to explore the potential causal link between gut microbiota and pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB). The summary statistics of the gut microbiota were acquired from the MiBioGen consortium, while data on PTB were sourced from pheweb.jp. A range of statistical methodologies were employed to evaluate causality, encompassing inverse variance weighting (IVW), MR-Egger, weighted median (WM), weighted model, and simple model. We utilized instrumental variables (IVs) that have a direct causal relationship with PTB to annotate SNPs, aiming to discover the genes harboring these genetic variants and uncover potential associations between host genes and the microbiome in patients with PTB. Results Among the 196 bacterial traits in the gut microbiome, we have identified a total of three microbiomes that exhibit a significant association with PTB. The occurrence of Dorea (P = 0.0458, FDR-adjusted P = 0.0458) and Parasutterella (P = 0.0056, FDR-adjusted P = 0.0168) was linked to an elevated risk of PTB, while the presence of Lachnoclostridium (P = 0.0347, FDR-adjusted P = 0.0520) demonstrated a protective effect against PTB. Our reverse Two-Sample Mendelian Randomization (TSMR) analysis did not yield any evidence supporting the hypothesis of reverse causality from PTB to alterations in the intestinal flora. Conclusion We have established a connection between the gut microbiota and PTB through gene prediction analysis, supporting the use of gut microecological therapy in managing PTB and paving the way for further understanding of how gut microbiota contributes to PTB's development.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Guoying Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Nanjing Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Hospital Affiliated with Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
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Li JD, Gao YY, Stevens EJ, King KC. Dual stressors of infection and warming can destabilize host microbiomes. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2024; 379:20230069. [PMID: 38497264 PMCID: PMC10945407 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2023.0069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Climate change is causing extreme heating events and intensifying infectious disease outbreaks. Animals harbour microbial communities, which are vital for their survival and fitness under stressful conditions. Understanding how microbiome structures change in response to infection and warming may be important for forecasting host performance under global change. Here, we evaluated alterations in the microbiomes of several wild Caenorhabditis elegans isolates spanning a range of latitudes, upon warming temperatures and infection by the parasite Leucobacter musarum. Using 16S rRNA sequencing, we found that microbiome diversity decreased, and dispersion increased over time, with the former being more prominent in uninfected adults and the latter aggravated by infection. Infection reduced dominance of specific microbial taxa, and increased microbiome dispersion, indicating destabilizing effects on host microbial communities. Exposing infected hosts to warming did not have an additive destabilizing effect on their microbiomes. Moreover, warming during pre-adult development alleviated the destabilizing effects of infection on host microbiomes. These results revealed an opposing interaction between biotic and abiotic factors on microbiome structure. Lastly, we showed that increased microbiome dispersion might be associated with decreased variability in microbial species interaction strength. Overall, these findings improve our understanding of animal microbiome dynamics amidst concurrent climate change and epidemics. This article is part of the theme issue 'Sculpting the microbiome: how host factors determine and respond to microbial colonization'.
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Affiliation(s)
- J. D. Li
- Department of Biology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 2JD, UK
| | - Y. Y. Gao
- Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Genome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518120, People's Republic of China
- School of Ecology and Nature Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, 35 Tsinghua East Road, Beijing 100083, People's Republic of China
| | - E. J. Stevens
- Department of Biology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 2JD, UK
| | - K. C. King
- Department of Biology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 2JD, UK
- Department of Zoology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, V6T 1Z4, Canada
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, V6T 1Z3, Canada
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5
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Han M, Wang X, Zhang J, Su L, Ishaq HM, Li D, Cui J, Zhao H, Yang F. Gut bacterial and fungal dysbiosis in tuberculosis patients. BMC Microbiol 2024; 24:141. [PMID: 38658829 PMCID: PMC11044546 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-024-03275-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 03/24/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent studies have more focused on gut microbial alteration in tuberculosis (TB) patients. However, no detailed study on gut fungi modification has been reported till now. So, current research explores the characteristics of gut microbiota (bacteria)- and mycobiota (fungi)-dysbiosis in TB patients and also assesses the correlation between the gut microbiome and serum cytokines. It may help to screen the potential diagnostic biomarker for TB. RESULTS The results show that the alpha diversity of the gut microbiome (including bacteria and fungi) decreased and altered the gut microbiome composition of TB patients. The bacterial genera Bacteroides and Prevotella were significantly increased, and Blautia and Bifidobacterium decreased in the TB patients group. The fungi genus Saccharomyces was increased while decreased levels of Aspergillus in TB patients. It indicates that gut microbial equilibrium between bacteria and fungi has been altered in TB patients. The fungal-to-bacterial species ratio was significantly decreased, and the bacterial-fungal trans-kingdom interactions have been reduced in TB patients. A set model including Bacteroides, Blautia, Eubacterium_hallii_group, Apiotrichum, Penicillium, and Saccharomyces may provide a better TB diagnostics option than using single bacterial or fungi sets. Also, gut microbial dysbiosis has a strong correlation with the alteration of IL-17 and IFN-γ. CONCLUSIONS Our results demonstrate that TB patients exhibit the gut bacterial and fungal dysbiosis. In the clinics, some gut microbes may be considered as potential biomarkers for auxiliary TB diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- MeiQing Han
- Department Four of Tuberculosis Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
- Department of Pathogenic Biology, School of Basic Medical Science, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Xia Wang
- Department Four of Tuberculosis Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - JiaMin Zhang
- Department Four of Tuberculosis Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Lin Su
- Department of Pathogenic Biology, School of Basic Medical Science, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Hafiz Muhammad Ishaq
- Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Muhammad Nawaz Shareef University of Agriculture, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Duan Li
- Department of Pathogenic Biology, School of Basic Medical Science, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - JunWei Cui
- Department Four of Tuberculosis Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - HuaJie Zhao
- Department of Pathogenic Biology, School of Basic Medical Science, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China.
| | - Fan Yang
- Department Four of Tuberculosis Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China.
- Department of Pathogenic Biology, School of Basic Medical Science, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China.
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6
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Marrella V, Nicchiotti F, Cassani B. Microbiota and Immunity during Respiratory Infections: Lung and Gut Affair. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4051. [PMID: 38612860 PMCID: PMC11012346 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25074051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2024] [Revised: 03/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Bacterial and viral respiratory tract infections are the most common infectious diseases, leading to worldwide morbidity and mortality. In the past 10 years, the importance of lung microbiota emerged in the context of pulmonary diseases, although the mechanisms by which it impacts the intestinal environment have not yet been fully identified. On the contrary, gut microbial dysbiosis is associated with disease etiology or/and development in the lung. In this review, we present an overview of the lung microbiome modifications occurring during respiratory infections, namely, reduced community diversity and increased microbial burden, and of the downstream consequences on host-pathogen interaction, inflammatory signals, and cytokines production, in turn affecting the disease progression and outcome. Particularly, we focus on the role of the gut-lung bidirectional communication in shaping inflammation and immunity in this context, resuming both animal and human studies. Moreover, we discuss the challenges and possibilities related to novel microbial-based (probiotics and dietary supplementation) and microbial-targeted therapies (antibacterial monoclonal antibodies and bacteriophages), aimed to remodel the composition of resident microbial communities and restore health. Finally, we propose an outlook of some relevant questions in the field to be answered with future research, which may have translational relevance for the prevention and control of respiratory infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronica Marrella
- UOS Milan Unit, Istituto di Ricerca Genetica e Biomedica (IRGB), CNR, 20138 Milan, Italy;
- IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, 20089 Milan, Italy
| | - Federico Nicchiotti
- Department of Medical Biotechnologies and Translational Medicine, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20089 Milan, Italy;
| | - Barbara Cassani
- IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, 20089 Milan, Italy
- Department of Medical Biotechnologies and Translational Medicine, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20089 Milan, Italy;
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Yang Y, Zhang H, Wang Y, Xu J, Shu S, Wang P, Ding S, Huang Y, Zheng L, Yang Y, Xiong C. Promising dawn in the management of pulmonary hypertension: The mystery veil of gut microbiota. IMETA 2024; 3:e159. [PMID: 38882495 PMCID: PMC11170974 DOI: 10.1002/imt2.159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Revised: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2024]
Abstract
The gut microbiota is a complex community of microorganisms inhabiting the intestinal tract, which plays a vital role in human health. It is intricately involved in the metabolism, and it also affects diverse physiological processes. The gut-lung axis is a bidirectional pathway between the gastrointestinal tract and the lungs. Recent research has shown that the gut microbiome plays a crucial role in immune response regulation in the lungs and the development of lung diseases. In this review, we present the interrelated factors concerning gut microbiota and the associated metabolites in pulmonary hypertension (PH), a lethal disease characterized by elevated pulmonary vascular pressure and resistance. Our research team explored the role of gut-microbiota-derived metabolites in cardiovascular diseases and established the correlation between metabolites such as putrescine, succinate, trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO), and N, N, N-trimethyl-5-aminovaleric acid with the diseases. Furthermore, we found that specific metabolites, such as TMAO and betaine, have significant clinical value in PH, suggesting their potential as biomarkers in disease management. In detailing the interplay between the gut microbiota, their metabolites, and PH, we underscored the potential therapeutic approaches modulating this microbiota. Ultimately, we endeavor to alleviate the substantial socioeconomic burden associated with this disease. This review presents a unique exploratory analysis of the link between gut microbiota and PH, intending to propel further investigations in the gut-lung axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yicheng Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Cardiology Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College Beijing China
| | - Hanwen Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Cardiology Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College Beijing China
| | - Yaoyao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Nephrology Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College Beijing China
| | - Jing Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Cardiology Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College Beijing China
- Department of Genetics University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen Groningen The Netherlands
| | - Songren Shu
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Cardiac Surgery Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College Beijing China
| | - Peizhi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Cardiology Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College Beijing China
- Center for Molecular Cardiology University of Zurich Zurich Switzerland
| | - Shusi Ding
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Tiantan Hospital, Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection The Capital Medical University Beijing China
| | - Yuan Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Cardiac Surgery Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College Beijing China
| | - Lemin Zheng
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Tiantan Hospital, Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection The Capital Medical University Beijing China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Sciences of Ministry of Education, NHC Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Molecular Biology and Regulatory Peptides, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Health Science Center The Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences and Institute of Systems Biomedicine, Peking University Beijing China
| | - Yuejin Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Cardiology Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College Beijing China
| | - Changming Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Cardiology Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College Beijing China
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Yang L, Hu X, Lu Y, Xu R, Xu Y, Ma W, Alam MS, Zhang T, Chai X, Lei Y, Ye Q, Dong X, Kang Y, Che J, Hou T, Li D. Discovery of N-(1-(6-Oxo-1,6-dihydropyrimidine)-pyrazole) Acetamide Derivatives as Novel Noncovalent DprE1 Inhibitors against Mycobacterium tuberculosis. J Med Chem 2024; 67:1914-1931. [PMID: 38232131 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.3c01703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
Decaprenylphosphoryl-β-d-ribose oxidase (DprE1) is a promising target for treating tuberculosis (TB). Currently, most novel DprE1 inhibitors are discovered through high-throughput screening, while computer-aided drug design (CADD) strategies are expected to promote the discovery process. In this study, with the aid of structure-based virtual screening and computationally guided design, a series of novel scaffold N-(1-(6-oxo-1,6-dihydropyrimidine)-pyrazole) acetamide derivatives with significant antimycobacterial activities were identified. Among them, compounds LK-60 and LK-75 are capable of effectively suppressing the proliferation of Mtb with MICMtb values of 0.78-1.56 μM, comparable with isoniazid and much superior to the phase II candidate TBA-7371 (MICMtb = 12.5 μM). LK-60 is also the most active DprE1 inhibitor derived from CADD so far. Further studies confirmed their high affinity to DprE1, good safety profiles to gut microbiota and human cells, and synergy effects with either rifampicin or ethambutol, indicating their broad potential for clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liu Yang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Xueping Hu
- Institute of Frontier Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Yang Lu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Ruolan Xu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yaping Xu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - WanLi Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510530, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Md Shah Alam
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510530, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- China-New Zealand Joint Laboratory of Biomedicine and Health, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health (GIBH), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Guangzhou 510530, China
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Joint Laboratory of Respiratory Infectious Diseases, Guangzhou 510530, China
| | - Tianyu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510530, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- China-New Zealand Joint Laboratory of Biomedicine and Health, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health (GIBH), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Guangzhou 510530, China
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Joint Laboratory of Respiratory Infectious Diseases, Guangzhou 510530, China
| | - Xin Chai
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yixuan Lei
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Qing Ye
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Xiaowu Dong
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yu Kang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Jinxin Che
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Tingjun Hou
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Dan Li
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Jinhua Institute of Zhejiang University, Jinhua ,Zhejiang321000, China
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9
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Chienwichai P, Tipthara P, Tarning J, Limpanont Y, Chusongsang P, Chusongsang Y, Kiangkoo N, Adisakwattana P, Reamtong O. Identification of trans-genus biomarkers for early diagnosis of intestinal schistosomiasis and progression of gut pathology in a mouse model using metabolomics. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2024; 18:e0011966. [PMID: 38381759 PMCID: PMC10880994 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0011966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Schistosomiasis is one of the most devastating human diseases worldwide. The disease is caused by six species of Schistosoma blood fluke; five of which cause intestinal granulomatous inflammation and bleeding. The current diagnostic method is inaccurate and delayed, hence, biomarker identification using metabolomics has been applied. However, previous studies only investigated infection caused by one Schistosoma spp., leaving a gap in the use of biomarkers for other species. No study focused on understanding the progression of intestinal disease. Therefore, we aimed to identify early gut biomarkers of infection with three Schistosoma spp. and progression of intestinal pathology. We infected 3 groups of mice, 3 mice each, with Schistosoma mansoni, Schistosoma japonicum or Schistosoma mekongi and collected their feces before and 1, 2, 4 and 8 weeks after infection. Metabolites in feces were extracted and identified using mass spectrometer-based metabolomics. Metabolites were annotated and analyzed with XCMS bioinformatics tool and Metaboanalyst platform. From >36,000 features in all conditions, multivariate analysis found a distinct pattern at each time point for all species. Pathway analysis reported alteration of several lipid metabolism pathways as infection progressed. Disturbance of the glycosaminoglycan degradation pathway was found with the presence of parasite eggs, indicating involvement of this pathway in disease progression. Biomarkers were discovered using a combination of variable importance for projection score cut-off and receiver operating characteristic curve analysis. Five molecules met our criteria and were present in all three species: 25-hydroxyvitamin D2, 1α-hydroxy-2β-(3-hydroxypropoxy) vitamin D3, Ganoderic acid Md, unidentified feature with m/z 455.3483, and unidentified feature with m/z 456.3516. These molecules were proposed as trans-genus biomarkers of early schistosomiasis. Our findings provide evidence for disease progression in intestinal schistosomiasis and potential biomarkers, which could be beneficial for early detection of this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peerut Chienwichai
- Princess Srisavangavadhana College of Medicine, Chulabhorn Royal Academy, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Phornpimon Tipthara
- Mahidol Oxford Tropical Medicine Research Unit, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Joel Tarning
- Mahidol Oxford Tropical Medicine Research Unit, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Centre for Tropical Medicine and Global Health, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Yanin Limpanont
- Department of Social and Environmental Medicine, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Phiraphol Chusongsang
- Department of Social and Environmental Medicine, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Yupa Chusongsang
- Department of Social and Environmental Medicine, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Nuttapohn Kiangkoo
- Department of Social and Environmental Medicine, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Poom Adisakwattana
- Department of Helminthology, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Onrapak Reamtong
- Department of Molecular Tropical Medicine and Genetics, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
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Nguyen M, Ahn P, Dawi J, Gargaloyan A, Kiriaki A, Shou T, Wu K, Yazdan K, Venketaraman V. The Interplay between Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Human Microbiome. Clin Pract 2024; 14:198-213. [PMID: 38391403 PMCID: PMC10887847 DOI: 10.3390/clinpract14010017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB), a respiratory disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb), is a significant cause of mortality worldwide. The lung, a breeding ground for Mtb, was once thought to be a sterile environment, but has now been found to host its own profile of microbes. These microbes are critical in the development of the host immune system and can produce metabolites that aid in host defense against various pathogens. Mtb infection as well as antibiotics can shift the microbial profile, causing dysbiosis and dampening the host immune response. Additionally, increasing cases of drug resistant TB have impacted the success rates of the traditional therapies of isoniazid, rifampin, pyrazinamide, and ethambutol. Recent years have produced tremendous research into the human microbiome and its role in contributing to or attenuating disease processes. Potential treatments aimed at altering the gut-lung bacterial axis may offer promising results against drug resistant TB and help mitigate the effects of TB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle Nguyen
- College of Osteopathic Medicine of the Pacific, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766, USA
| | - Phillip Ahn
- College of Osteopathic Medicine of the Pacific, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766, USA
| | - John Dawi
- College of Osteopathic Medicine of the Pacific, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766, USA
| | - Areg Gargaloyan
- College of Osteopathic Medicine of the Pacific, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766, USA
| | - Anthony Kiriaki
- College of Osteopathic Medicine of the Pacific, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766, USA
| | - Tiffany Shou
- College of Osteopathic Medicine of the Pacific, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766, USA
| | - Kevin Wu
- College of Osteopathic Medicine of the Pacific, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766, USA
| | - Kian Yazdan
- College of Osteopathic Medicine of the Pacific, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766, USA
| | - Vishwanath Venketaraman
- College of Osteopathic Medicine of the Pacific, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766, USA
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Eladham MW, Selvakumar B, Saheb Sharif-Askari N, Saheb Sharif-Askari F, Ibrahim SM, Halwani R. Unraveling the gut-Lung axis: Exploring complex mechanisms in disease interplay. Heliyon 2024; 10:e24032. [PMID: 38268584 PMCID: PMC10806295 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e24032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/26/2024] Open
Abstract
The link between gut and lung starts as early as during organogenesis. Even though they are anatomically distinct, essential bidirectional crosstalk via complex mechanisms supports GLA. Emerging studies have demonstrated the association of gut and lung diseases via multifaceted mechanisms. Advancements in omics and metagenomics technologies revealed a potential link between gut and lung microbiota, adding further complexity to GLA. Despite substantial studies on GLA in various disease models, mechanisms beyond microbial dysbiosis regulating the interplay between gut and lung tissues during disease conditions are not thoroughly reviewed. This review outlines disease specific GLA mechanisms, emphasizing research gaps with a focus on gut-to-lung direction based on current GLA literature. Moreover, the review discusses potential gut microbiota and their products like metabolites, immune modulators, and non-bacterial contributions as a basis for developing treatment strategies for lung diseases. Advanced experimental methods, modern diagnostic tools, and technological advancements are also highlighted as crucial areas for improvement in developing novel therapeutic approaches for GLA-related diseases. In conclusion, this review underscores the importance of exploring additional mechanisms within the GLA to gain a deeper understanding that could aid in preventing and treating a wide spectrum of lung diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariam Wed Eladham
- Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Balachandar Selvakumar
- Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Narjes Saheb Sharif-Askari
- Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Fatemeh Saheb Sharif-Askari
- Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Pharmacy Practice and Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | | | - Rabih Halwani
- Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
- Prince Abdullah Ben Khaled Celiac Disease Research Chair, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, King Saud University, Saudi Arabia
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Yuan Z, Kang Y, Mo C, Huang S, Qin F, Zhang J, Wang F, Jiang J, Yang X, Liang H, Ye L. Causal relationship between gut microbiota and tuberculosis: a bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization analysis. Respir Res 2024; 25:16. [PMID: 38178098 PMCID: PMC10765819 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-023-02652-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Growing evidence from observational studies and clinical trials suggests that the gut microbiota is associated with tuberculosis (TB). However, it is unclear whether any causal relationship exists between them and whether causality is bidirectional. METHODS A bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis was performed. The genome-wide association study (GWAS) summary statistics of gut microbiota were obtained from the MiBioGen consortium, while the GWAS summary statistics of TB and its specific phenotypes [respiratory tuberculosis (RTB) and extrapulmonary tuberculosis (EPTB)] were retrieved from the UK Biobank and the FinnGen consortium. And 195 bacterial taxa from phylum to genus were analyzed. Inverse variance weighted (IVW), MR-Egger regression, maximum likelihood (ML), weighted median, and weighted mode methods were applied to the MR analysis. The robustness of causal estimation was tested using the heterogeneity test, horizontal pleiotropy test, and leave-one-out method. RESULTS In the UK Biobank database, we found that 11 bacterial taxa had potential causal effects on TB. Three bacterial taxa genus.Akkermansia, family.Verrucomicrobiacea, order.Verrucomicrobiales were validated in the FinnGen database. Based on the results in the FinnGen database, the present study found significant differences in the characteristics of gut microbial distribution between RTB and EPTB. Four bacterial taxa genus.LachnospiraceaeUCG010, genus.Parabacteroides, genus.RuminococcaceaeUCG011, and order.Bacillales were common traits in relation to both RTB and TB, among which order.Bacillales showed a protective effect. Additionally, family.Bacteroidacea and genus.Bacteroides were identified as common traits in relation to both EPTB and TB, positively associating with a higher risk of EPTB. In reverse MR analysis, no causal association was identified. No significant heterogeneity of instrumental variables (IVs) or horizontal pleiotropy was found. CONCLUSION Our study supports a one-way causal relationship between gut microbiota and TB, with gut microbiota having a causal effect on TB. The identification of characteristic gut microbiota provides scientific insights for the potential application of the gut microbiota as a preventive, diagnostic, and therapeutic tool for TB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zongxiang Yuan
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of AIDS Prevention and Treatment, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Yiwen Kang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of AIDS Prevention and Treatment, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Chuye Mo
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of AIDS Prevention and Treatment, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Shihui Huang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of AIDS Prevention and Treatment, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Fang Qin
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of AIDS Prevention and Treatment, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Junhan Zhang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of AIDS Prevention and Treatment, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Fengyi Wang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of AIDS Prevention and Treatment, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Junjun Jiang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of AIDS Prevention and Treatment, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China.
- Collaborative Innovation Centre of Regenerative Medicine and Medical BioResource Development and Application Co-Constructed by the Province and Ministry, Life Science Institute, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China.
| | - Xiaoxiang Yang
- Department of Infectious Diseases in Children, Maternity and Child Health Care of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, 530003, Guangxi, China.
| | - Hao Liang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of AIDS Prevention and Treatment, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China.
- Collaborative Innovation Centre of Regenerative Medicine and Medical BioResource Development and Application Co-Constructed by the Province and Ministry, Life Science Institute, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China.
| | - Li Ye
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of AIDS Prevention and Treatment, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China.
- Collaborative Innovation Centre of Regenerative Medicine and Medical BioResource Development and Application Co-Constructed by the Province and Ministry, Life Science Institute, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China.
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Luo D, Shi CY, Wei NS, Yang BY, Qin K, Liu G, Dong BQ, Qin YX, Qin XL, Chen SY, Guo XJ, Gan L, Xu RL, Li H, Li J. The potential mechanism of the progression from latent to active tuberculosis based on the intestinal microbiota alterations. Tuberculosis (Edinb) 2023; 143:102413. [PMID: 37832478 DOI: 10.1016/j.tube.2023.102413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2023] [Revised: 09/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Tuberculosis (TB) poses a serious challenge to global health systems. The altered intestinal microbiota is associated with the pathogenesis of TB, but the exact links remain unclear. METHODS 16 S rDNA sequencing was performed to comprehensively detect the changes in the intestinal microbiota of feces from active TB (ATB), latent TB infection (LTBI) and healthy controls (HC). RESULTS The rarefaction curves demonstrated the sequencing results' validity. The alpha diversity was lowest in ATB, while highest in HC. Boxplot of beta diversity showed significant differences in every two groups. LDA Effect Size (LEfSe) Analysis revealed differences in probiotic bacteria like Romboutsia, Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus in LTBI, and pro-inflammatory bacteria like R. gnavus, Streptococcus and Erysipelatoclostridium in ATB, corresponding to the cluster analysis. PICRUST2 analysis revealed the pentose phosphate pathway was active in ATB and LTBI (more active in ATB). The differences between the groups are statistically significant at the P<0.05 level. CONCLUSION Our study indicated that from LTBI to ATB, some intestinal microbiota inhibit the synthesis of interferon (INF)-γ and interleukin (IL)-17, promoting the survival and spread of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tb). In addition, the metabolites secreted by intestinal microbiota and dysbiosis in intestine also have an effect on the development of LTBI to ATB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Luo
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health and Management, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, China; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine for Treating High-Incidence Infectious Diseases with Integrative Medicine, Nanning, China
| | - Chong-Yu Shi
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Nian-Sa Wei
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Bo-Yi Yang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Kai Qin
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Gang Liu
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health and Management, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, China
| | - Bai-Qing Dong
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health and Management, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, China
| | - Yi-Xiang Qin
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health and Management, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, China
| | - Xiao-Ling Qin
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health and Management, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, China
| | - Shi-Yi Chen
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health and Management, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, China
| | - Xiao-Jing Guo
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health and Management, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, China
| | - Li Gan
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health and Management, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, China
| | - Ruo-Lan Xu
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health and Management, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, China
| | - Hai Li
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health and Management, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, China.
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China.
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Wen J, He JQ. The Causal Impact of the Gut Microbiota on Respiratory Tuberculosis Susceptibility. Infect Dis Ther 2023; 12:2535-2544. [PMID: 37815754 PMCID: PMC10651823 DOI: 10.1007/s40121-023-00880-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/11/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Recent cross-sectional research has demonstrated a substantial link between tuberculosis (TB) and gut microbiota. Nevertheless, the causal impact of the gut microbiota on TB susceptibility in humans remains unknown. METHODS The Mendelian randomization (MR) method was utilized for investigating the causality between them. The main method used for MR analysis was the inverse variance weighted (IVW) test, with the MR-Egger, weighted median, weighted mode, and simple median methods serving as supplements. And several sensitivity tests were carried out to validate the MR findings. RESULTS The IVW outcomes suggested that three bacterial traits exhibited associations with susceptibility to respiratory TB after Bonferroni correction, namely Lachnospiraceae UCG010 (odds ratio [OR] 1.73, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.17-2.55, P = 0.005), Eubacterium (brachy group) (OR 1.33, 95% CI 1.07-1.65, P = 0.009), and Ruminococcaceae UCG005 (OR 0.71, 95% CI 0.52-0.98, P = 0.034). Sensitivity analyses demonstrated that horizontal pleiotropy and heterogeneity were absent, thereby guaranteeing the reliability of the results. CONCLUSION This research sheds light on the causal impact of gut microbiota on respiratory tuberculosis susceptibility, improving our knowledge of therapeutic strategies for managing TB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayu Wen
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second People's Hospital of Meishan City, 177 Longtan Avenue, Section 1, Huairen Street, Renshou County, Meishan, 620500, China
| | - Jian-Qing He
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, No. 37, Guo Xue Alley, Chengdu, 610041, China.
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Huang Y, Tang J, Cai Z, Qi Y, Jiang S, Ma T, Yue Y, Huang F, Yang H, Ma Y. Alterations in the intestinal microbiota associated with active tuberculosis and latent tuberculosis infection. Heliyon 2023; 9:e22124. [PMID: 38045157 PMCID: PMC10692819 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e22124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives To study the characteristics of intestinal microbiota at different stages of Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection. Methods Fecal samples of 19 active tuberculosis (ATB) patients, 21 latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) individuals, and 20 healthy controls (HC) were collected. Gut microbiota of all the participants were analyzed by 16S rDNA sequencing. Clinical information of ATB patients was also collected and analyzed. Results Both ATB and LTBI groups showed significant decreases in microbial diversity and decline of Clostridia. For ATB patients, bacteria within phylum Proteobacteria increased. While for LTBI individuals, genera Prevotella and Rosburia enriched. The abundance of Faecalibacterium, Clostridia and Gammaproteobacteria has the potential to diagnose ATB, with the area under the curve (AUC) of 0.808, 0.784 and 0.717. And Prevotella and Rosburia has the potential to diagnose LTBI, with the AUC of 0.689 and 0.689. Notably, in ATB patients, the relative abundance of Blautia was negatively correlated with the proportions of peripheral T cells and CD8+T cells. And serum direct bilirubin was positively correlated with Bacteroidales, while negatively correlated with Clostridiales in ATB patients. Conclusions The specifically changed bacteria are promising markers for ATB and LTBI diagnosis. Some gut bacteria contribute to anti-MTB immunity through interactions with T cells and bilirubin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Huang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Air Force Medical Center, Beijing, 100142, China
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Jinhua Tang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Air Force Medical Center, Beijing, 100142, China
| | - Zheng Cai
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Air Force Medical Center, Beijing, 100142, China
| | - Yun Qi
- Department of Gynecology & Pediatrics, Xi'an Chest Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, 710100, China
| | - Shen Jiang
- Department of Gynecology & Pediatrics, Xi'an Chest Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, 710100, China
| | - Tingting Ma
- Department of Gynecology & Pediatrics, Xi'an Chest Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, 710100, China
| | - Ying Yue
- Department of Gynecology & Pediatrics, Xi'an Chest Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, 710100, China
| | - Fang Huang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Xi'an Chest Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, 710100, China
| | - Han Yang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Xi'an Chest Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, 710100, China
| | - Yueyun Ma
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Air Force Medical Center, Beijing, 100142, China
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Gupta U, Dey P. Rise of the guardians: Gut microbial maneuvers in bacterial infections. Life Sci 2023; 330:121993. [PMID: 37536616 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.121993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Revised: 07/23/2023] [Accepted: 07/29/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Bacterial infections are one of the major causes of mortality globally. The gut microbiota, primarily comprised of the commensals, performs an important role in maintaining intestinal immunometabolic homeostasis. The current review aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of how modulation of the gut microbiota influences opportunistic bacterial infections. MATERIALS AND METHODS Primarily centered around mechanisms related to colonization resistance, nutrient, and metabolite-associated factors, mucosal immune response, and commensal-pathogen reciprocal interactions, we discuss how gut microbiota can promote or prevent bacterial infections. KEY FINDINGS Opportunistic infections can occur directly due to obligate pathogens or indirectly due to the overgrowth of opportunistic pathobionts. Gut microbiota-centered mechanisms of altered intestinal immunometabolic and metabolomic homeostasis play a significant role in infection promotion and prevention. Depletion in the population of commensals, increased abundance of pathobionts, and overall decrease in gut microbial diversity and richness caused due to prolonged antibiotic use are risk factors of opportunistic bacterial infections, including infections from multidrug-resistant spp. Gut commensals can limit opportunistic infections by mechanisms including the production of antimicrobials, short-chain fatty acids, bile acid metabolism, promoting mucin formation, and maintaining immunological balance at the mucosa. Gut microbiota-centered strategies, including the administration of probiotics and fecal microbiota transplantation, could help attenuate opportunistic bacterial infections. SIGNIFICANCE The current review discussed the gut microbial population and function-specific aspects contributing to bacterial infection susceptibility and prophylaxis. Collectively, this review provides a comprehensive understanding of the mechanisms related to the dual role of gut microbiota in bacterial infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Upasana Gupta
- Department of Biotechnology, Thapar Institute of Engineering and Technology, Patiala 147004, Punjab, India
| | - Priyankar Dey
- Department of Biotechnology, Thapar Institute of Engineering and Technology, Patiala 147004, Punjab, India.
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Pant A, Das B, Arimbasseri GA. Host microbiome in tuberculosis: disease, treatment, and immunity perspectives. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1236348. [PMID: 37808315 PMCID: PMC10559974 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1236348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB), an airborne pulmonary disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tb), poses an unprecedented health and economic burden to most of the developing countries. Treatment of TB requires prolonged use of a cocktail of antibiotics, which often manifest several side effects, including stomach upset, nausea, and loss of appetite spurring on treatment non-compliance and the emergence of antibiotic resistant M. tb. The anti-TB treatment regimen causes imbalances in the composition of autochthonous microbiota associated with the human body, which also contributes to major side effects. The microbiota residing in the gastrointestinal tract play an important role in various physiological processes, including resistance against colonization by pathogens, boosting host immunity, and providing key metabolic functions. In TB patients, due to prolonged exposure to anti-tuberculosis drugs, the gut microbiota significantly loses its diversity and several keystone bacterial taxa. This loss may result in a significant reduction in the functional potency of the microbiota, which is a probable reason for poor treatment outcomes. In this review, we discuss the structural and functional changes of the gut microbiota during TB and its treatment. A major focus of the review is oriented to the gut microbial association with micronutrient profiles and immune cell dynamics during TB infection. Furthermore, we summarize the acquisition of anti-microbial resistance in M. tb along with the microbiome-based therapeutics to cure the infections. Understanding the relationship between these components and host susceptibility to TB disease is important to finding potential targets that may be used in TB prevention, progression, and cure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Archana Pant
- Molecular Genetics Lab, National Institute of Immunology, New Delhi, India
| | - Bhabatosh Das
- Functional Genomics Laboratory, Infection and Immunology Division, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, Faridabad, India
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Luo D, Yang BY, Qin K, Shi CY, Wei NS, Li H, Qin YX, Liu G, Qin XL, Chen SY, Guo XJ, Gan L, Xu RL, Dong BQ, Li J. Untargeted Metabolomics of Feces Reveals Diagnostic and Prognostic Biomarkers for Active Tuberculosis and Latent Tuberculosis Infection: Potential Application for Precise and Non-Invasive Identification. Infect Drug Resist 2023; 16:6121-6138. [PMID: 37719654 PMCID: PMC10505020 DOI: 10.2147/idr.s422363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Distinguishing latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) from active tuberculosis (ATB) is important to control the prevalence of tuberculosis; however, there is currently no effective method. The aim of this study was to discover specific metabolites through fecal untargeted metabolomics to discriminate ATB, individuals with LTBI, and healthy controls (HC) and to probe the metabolic perturbation associated with the progression of tuberculosis. Patients and Methods Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) was performed to comprehensively detect compounds in fecal samples from HC, LTBI, and ATB patients. Differential metabolites between the two groups were screened, and their underlying biological functions were explored. Candidate metabolites were selected and enrolled in LASSO regression analysis to construct diagnostic signatures for discriminating between HC, LTBI, and ATB. A receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was applied to evaluate diagnostic value. A nomogram was constructed to predict the risk of progression of LTBI. Results A total of 35 metabolites were found to exist differentially in HC, LTBI, and ATB, and eight biomarkers were selected. Three diagnostic signatures based on the eight biomarkers were constructed to distinguish between HC, LTBI, and ATB, demonstrating excellent discrimination performance in ROC analysis. A nomogram was successfully constructed to evaluate the risk of progression of LTBI to ATB. Moreover, 3,4-dimethylbenzoic acid has been shown to distinguish ATB patients with different responses to etiological tests. Conclusion This study constructed diagnostic signatures based on fecal metabolic biomarkers that effectively discriminated HC, LTBI, and ATB, and established a predictive model to evaluate the risk of progression of LTBI to ATB. The results provide scientific evidence for establishing an accurate, sensitive, and noninvasive differential diagnosis scheme for tuberculosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Luo
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health and Management of Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi, People’s Republic of China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine for Treating High-Incidence Infectious Diseases with Integrative Medicine, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Bo-Yi Yang
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Kai Qin
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chong-Yu Shi
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Nian-Sa Wei
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hai Li
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health and Management of Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yi-Xiang Qin
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health and Management of Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Gang Liu
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health and Management of Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Ling Qin
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health and Management of Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shi-Yi Chen
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health and Management of Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Jing Guo
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health and Management of Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Li Gan
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health and Management of Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ruo-Lan Xu
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health and Management of Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Bai-Qing Dong
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health and Management of Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jing Li
- Deparment of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, People’s Republic of China
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Xie M, Tsai CY, McAdams ZL, Oo M, Hansen M, Dougher M, Sansano A, Watson A, LoMauro K, Antilus-Sainte R, Ericsson A, Dartois V, Gengenbacher M. Wild mouse gut microbiota limits initial tuberculosis infection in BALB/c mice. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0288290. [PMID: 37494371 PMCID: PMC10370681 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0288290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Mouse models are critical tools in tuberculosis (TB) research. Recent studies have demonstrated that the wild mouse gut microbiota promotes host fitness and improves disease resistance. Here we examine whether the wild mouse gut microbiota alters the immunopathology of TB in BALB/c mice. Conventional BALB/c mice (LabC) and mice born to germ-free BALB/c mothers reconstituted with the wild mouse gut microbiota (WildR) were used in our studies. WildR mice controlled initial TB infection better than LabC mice. The microbial gut communities of LabC mice and WildR mice had similar richness but significantly different composition prior to infection. TB reduced the gut community richness in both cohorts while differences in community composition remained indicating a general TB-induced dysbiosis. The wild mouse gut microbiota did not alter the typical lung histopathology of TB in the BALB/c model that includes unstructured immune cell infiltrates with infected foamy macrophages invading alveolar spaces. Animals of both cohorts mounted robust T cell responses in lungs and spleen with lower absolute counts of CD4 and CD8 T cells in lungs of WildR mice during acute infection, corresponding with observed differences in pathogen load. In summary, LabC mice and WildR mice showed largely overlapping TB immunopathology and pathogen kinetics, with WildR mice controlling early acute infection better than LabC mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Xie
- Center for Discovery and Innovation, Hackensack Meridian Health, Nutley, New Jersey, United States of America
| | - Chen-Yu Tsai
- Center for Discovery and Innovation, Hackensack Meridian Health, Nutley, New Jersey, United States of America
| | - Zachary L. McAdams
- Molecular Pathogenesis and Therapeutics Program, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Myo Oo
- Center for Discovery and Innovation, Hackensack Meridian Health, Nutley, New Jersey, United States of America
| | - Mark Hansen
- Center for Discovery and Innovation, Hackensack Meridian Health, Nutley, New Jersey, United States of America
| | - Maureen Dougher
- Center for Discovery and Innovation, Hackensack Meridian Health, Nutley, New Jersey, United States of America
| | - Alexander Sansano
- Center for Discovery and Innovation, Hackensack Meridian Health, Nutley, New Jersey, United States of America
| | - Anderson Watson
- Center for Discovery and Innovation, Hackensack Meridian Health, Nutley, New Jersey, United States of America
| | - Katherine LoMauro
- Center for Discovery and Innovation, Hackensack Meridian Health, Nutley, New Jersey, United States of America
| | - Rosleine Antilus-Sainte
- Center for Discovery and Innovation, Hackensack Meridian Health, Nutley, New Jersey, United States of America
| | - Aaron Ericsson
- Molecular Pathogenesis and Therapeutics Program, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, United States of America
- University of Missouri Metagenomics Center, Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Véronique Dartois
- Center for Discovery and Innovation, Hackensack Meridian Health, Nutley, New Jersey, United States of America
- Hackensack Meridian School of Medicine, Nutley, New Jersey, United States of America
| | - Martin Gengenbacher
- Center for Discovery and Innovation, Hackensack Meridian Health, Nutley, New Jersey, United States of America
- Hackensack Meridian School of Medicine, Nutley, New Jersey, United States of America
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20
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Enjeti A, Sathkumara HD, Kupz A. Impact of the gut-lung axis on tuberculosis susceptibility and progression. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1209932. [PMID: 37485512 PMCID: PMC10358729 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1209932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB) has remained at the forefront of the global infectious disease burden for centuries. Concerted global efforts to eliminate TB have been hindered by the complexity of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb), the emergence of antibiotic resistant Mtb strains and the recent impact of the ongoing pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID19). Examination of the immunomodulatory role of gastrointestinal microbiota presents a new direction for TB research. The gut microbiome is well-established as a critical modulator of early immune development and inflammatory responses in humans. Recent studies in animal models have further substantiated the existence of the 'gut-lung axis', where distal gastrointestinal commensals modulate lung immune function. This gut microbiome-lung immune crosstalk is postulated to have an important correlation with the pathophysiology of TB. Further evaluation of this gut immunomodulation in TB may provide a novel avenue for the exploration of therapeutic targets. This mini-review assesses the proposed mechanisms by which the gut-lung axis impacts TB susceptibility and progression. It also examines the impact of current anti-TB therapy on the gut microbiome and the effects of gut dysbiosis on treatment outcomes. Finally, it investigates new therapeutic targets, particularly the use of probiotics in treatment of antibiotic resistant TB and informs future developments in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aditya Enjeti
- College of Medicine and Dentistry, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, Australia
| | - Harindra Darshana Sathkumara
- Centre for Molecular Therapeutics, Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Cairns, QLD, Australia
| | - Andreas Kupz
- Centre for Molecular Therapeutics, Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Cairns, QLD, Australia
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21
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Zhuo Q, Zhang X, Zhang K, Chen C, Huang Z, Xu Y. The gut and lung microbiota in pulmonary tuberculosis: susceptibility, function, and new insights into treatment. Expert Rev Anti Infect Ther 2023; 21:1355-1364. [PMID: 37970631 DOI: 10.1080/14787210.2023.2283036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Tuberculosis (TB) is a chronic infectious disease caused by mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) that poses a major threat to human health. AREAS COVERED Herein, we aim to review the alteration of the microbiota in gut and respiratory during TB development, the potential function and mechanisms of microbiota in the pathogenesis of Mtb infection, and the impact of antibiotic treatment on the microbiota. In addition, we discuss the potential new paradigm for the use of microbiota-based treatments such as probiotics and prebiotics in the treatment of TB. EXPERT OPINION Studies have shown that trillions of micro-organisms live in the human gut and respiratory tract, acting as gatekeepers in maintaining immune homeostasis and respiratory physiology and playing a beneficial or hostile role in the development of TB. Anti-TB antibiotics may cause microecological imbalances in the gut and respiratory tract, and microbiome-based therapeutics may be a promising strategy for TB treatment. Appropriate probiotics and prebiotics supplementation, along with antimycobacterial treatment, will improve the therapeutic effect of TB treatment and protect the gut and respiratory microbiota from dysbiosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiqi Zhuo
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Baoan People's Hospital of Shenzhen, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xianyi Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Baoan People's Hospital of Shenzhen, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
- The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Kehong Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Baoan People's Hospital of Shenzhen, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Chan Chen
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Baoan People's Hospital of Shenzhen, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zhen Huang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Baoan People's Hospital of Shenzhen, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yuzhong Xu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Baoan People's Hospital of Shenzhen, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
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22
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Pelosi U, Pintus R, Savasta S, Fanos V. Pulmonary Tuberculosis in Children: A Forgotten Disease? Microorganisms 2023; 11:1722. [PMID: 37512894 PMCID: PMC10385511 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11071722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Revised: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Even today, tuberculosis in childhood is a disease that is often undiagnosed and undertreated. In the absence of therapy with antituberculosis drugs, children in the first years of life have a high degree of severe forms and mortality. In these children, symptoms are often not very specific and can easily be confused with other diseases of bacterial, viral or fungal etiology, making diagnosis more difficult. Nevertheless, the introduction of new diagnostic techniques has allowed a more rapid identification of the infection. Indeed, Interferon gamma release assay (IGRA) is preferred to the Mantoux, albeit with obvious limitations in children aged <2 years. While the Xpert Mtb/RIF Ultra test is recommended as an initial diagnostic investigation of the gastric aspirate and/or stools in children with signs and symptoms of pulmonary tuberculosis. The drugs used in the treatment of susceptible and resistant TB are the same as those used in adults but doses and combinations are different in the pediatric age. In children, brief therapy is preferable in both the latent infection and the active disease, as a significant reduction in side effects is obtained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Umberto Pelosi
- Pediatric Unit, Santa Barbara Hospital, 09016 Iglesias, Italy
| | - Roberta Pintus
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Cagliari, AOU Cagliari, 09124 Cagliari, Italy
| | - Salvatore Savasta
- Department of Pediatrics and Rare Diseases, Ospedale Microcitemico Antonio Cao, University of Cagliari, 09124 Cagliari, Italy
| | - Vassilios Fanos
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Cagliari, AOU Cagliari, 09124 Cagliari, Italy
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23
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Achache W, Mege JL, Fellag M, Drancourt M. The Enterococcus secretome inhibits the growth of Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex mycobacteria. Access Microbiol 2023; 5:acmi000471.v3. [PMID: 37424563 PMCID: PMC10323786 DOI: 10.1099/acmi.0.000471.v3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Enterococcus mundtii , a commensal intestinal bacterium, was demonstrated to inhibit the growth of some Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTC) species that cause tuberculosis in humans and mammals. To further explore this preliminary observation, we cross-investigated five E. mundtii strains and seven MTC strains representative of four MTC species using a standardized quantitative agar well diffusion assay. All five E. mundtii strains, calibrated at 10 MacFarland, inhibited the growth of all M. tuberculosis strains with various susceptibility profiles, but no inhibition was observed with lower inoculums. Further, eight E. mundtii freeze-dried cell-free culture supernatants (CFCS) inhibited the growth of M. tuberculosis , Mycobacterium africanum, Mycobacterium bovis and Mycobacterium canettii, the most susceptible MTC species (inhibition diameter 25±1 mm), proportionally to CFCS protein concentrations. The data reported here indicate that the E. mundtii secretome inhibited growth of all MTC species of medical interest, which broadens previously reported data. In the gut, the E. mundtii secretome may modulate the expression of tuberculosis, exhibiting an anti-tuberculosis effect, with some protective roles in human and animal health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wafaa Achache
- Aix-Marseille Univ, IRD, AP-HM, MEPHI, Marseille, France
- IHU Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France
| | - Jean Louis Mege
- Aix-Marseille Univ, IRD, AP-HM, MEPHI, Marseille, France
- IHU Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France
| | - Mustapha Fellag
- Aix-Marseille Univ, IRD, AP-HM, MEPHI, Marseille, France
- IHU Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France
| | - Michel Drancourt
- Aix-Marseille Univ, IRD, AP-HM, MEPHI, Marseille, France
- IHU Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France
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24
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Maciel-Fiuza MF, Muller GC, Campos DMS, do Socorro Silva Costa P, Peruzzo J, Bonamigo RR, Veit T, Vianna FSL. Role of gut microbiota in infectious and inflammatory diseases. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1098386. [PMID: 37051522 PMCID: PMC10083300 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1098386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Thousands of microorganisms compose the human gut microbiota, fighting pathogens in infectious diseases and inhibiting or inducing inflammation in different immunological contexts. The gut microbiome is a dynamic and complex ecosystem that helps in the proliferation, growth, and differentiation of epithelial and immune cells to maintain intestinal homeostasis. Disorders that cause alteration of this microbiota lead to an imbalance in the host’s immune regulation. Growing evidence supports that the gut microbial community is associated with the development and progression of different infectious and inflammatory diseases. Therefore, understanding the interaction between intestinal microbiota and the modulation of the host’s immune system is fundamental to understanding the mechanisms involved in different pathologies, as well as for the search of new treatments. Here we review the main gut bacteria capable of impacting the immune response in different pathologies and we discuss the mechanisms by which this interaction between the immune system and the microbiota can alter disease outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriãn Ferrão Maciel-Fiuza
- Postgraduate Program in Genetics and Molecular Biology, Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande Do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Instituto Nacional de Genética Médica Populacional, Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Genomics Medicine Laboratory, Center of Experimental Research, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Laboratory of Immunobiology and Immunogenetics, Department of Genetics, Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande Do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Guilherme Cerutti Muller
- Postgraduate Program in Genetics and Molecular Biology, Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande Do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Daniel Marques Stuart Campos
- Genomics Medicine Laboratory, Center of Experimental Research, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Laboratory of Immunobiology and Immunogenetics, Department of Genetics, Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande Do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Perpétua do Socorro Silva Costa
- Postgraduate Program in Genetics and Molecular Biology, Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande Do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Instituto Nacional de Genética Médica Populacional, Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Department of Nursing, Universidade Federal do Maranhão, Imperatriz, Brazil
| | - Juliano Peruzzo
- Dermatology Service of Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Medicine, Medical Sciences, Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande Do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Renan Rangel Bonamigo
- Dermatology Service of Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Medicine, Medical Sciences, Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande Do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Pathology, Universidade Federal De Ciências Da Saúde de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Tiago Veit
- Laboratory of Immunobiology and Immunogenetics, Department of Genetics, Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande Do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Institute of Basic Health Sciences, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Sales Luiz Vianna
- Postgraduate Program in Genetics and Molecular Biology, Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande Do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Instituto Nacional de Genética Médica Populacional, Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Genomics Medicine Laboratory, Center of Experimental Research, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Laboratory of Immunobiology and Immunogenetics, Department of Genetics, Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande Do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Medicine, Medical Sciences, Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande Do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
- *Correspondence: Fernanda Sales Luiz Vianna,
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25
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Xie J, Tang C, Hong S, Xin Y, Zhang J, Lin Y, Mao L, Xiao Y, Wu Q, Zhang X, Shen H. Maternal vaginal fluids play a major role in the colonization of the neonatal intestinal microbiota. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2023; 13:1065884. [PMID: 37009505 PMCID: PMC10061231 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1065884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BackgroundCaesarean section (CS) is associated with newborns’ health risks due to the blocking of microbiome transfer. The gut microbiota of CS-born babies was different from those born vaginally, which may be attributed to reduced exposure to maternal vaginal microbes during labour. To understand the microbial transfer and reduce CS disadvantages, the effect of vaginal microbiota exposure on infant gut microbiota composition was evaluated using 16s rDNA sequencing-based techniques.ResultsPregnant women were recruited in the Women and Children’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Xiamen University from June 1st to August 15th, 2017. Maternal faeces (n = 26), maternal vaginal fluids (n = 26), and neonatal transitional stools (n = 26) were collected, while the participants underwent natural delivery (ND) (n = 6), CS (n = 4) and CS with the intervention of vaginal seedings (I) (n = 16). 26 mothers with the median age 26.50 (25.00-27.25) years showed no substantial clinical differences. The newborns’ gut microbiota altered among ND, CS and I, and clustered into two groups (PERMANOVA P = 0.001). Microbial composition of ND babies shared more features with maternal vaginal samples (PERMANOVA P = 0.065), while the microbiota structure of ND babies was obviously different from that of sample of maternal faeces. The genus Bacteroides in CS-born babies with intervention approached to vaginal-born neonates, compared with CS-born neonates without intervention.ConclusionsNeonatal gut microbiota was dependent on the delivery mode. And the gut microbiota CS newborns with vaginal seeding shared more features with those of ND babies, which hinted the aberrant gut microbiota composition initiated by CS might be partly mitigated by maternal vaginal microbiota exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingxian Xie
- Department of Obstetrics, Women and Children’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Chen Tang
- School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Shouqiang Hong
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Yuntian Xin
- Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Yi Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Lindong Mao
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Yunshan Xiao
- Department of Obstetrics, Women and Children’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Quanfeng Wu
- Department of Obstetrics, Women and Children’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Xueqin Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics, Women and Children’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
- *Correspondence: Heqing Shen, ; Xueqin Zhang,
| | - Heqing Shen
- Department of Obstetrics, Women and Children’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
- *Correspondence: Heqing Shen, ; Xueqin Zhang,
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26
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Kim YM, Choi JO, Cho YJ, Hong BK, Shon HJ, Kim BJ, Park JH, Kim WU, Kim D. Mycobacterium potentiates protection from colorectal cancer by gut microbial alterations. Immunology 2023; 168:493-510. [PMID: 36183156 DOI: 10.1111/imm.13586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Not only are many Mycobacteria pathogens, but they can act as strong non-specific immunopotentiators, generating beneficial effects on the pathogenesis of some diseases. However, there has been no direct evidence of the effect of mycobacterial species on colorectal cancer (CRC). Herein, we showed that there may be a meaningful inverse correlation between the incidence of tuberculosis and CRC based on global statistics and that heat-killed Mycobacterial tuberculosis and live Mycobacterium bovis (Bacillus Calmette-Guérin strain) could ameliorate CRC development. In particular, using a faecal microbiota transplantation and a comparison between separate housing and cohousing, we demonstrated that the gut microbiota is involved in the protective effects. The microbial alterations can be elucidated by the modulation of antimicrobial activities including those of the Reg3 family genes. Furthermore, interleukin-22 production by T helper cells contributed to the anti-inflammatory activity of Mycobacteria. Our results revealed a novel role of Mycobacteria involving gut microbial alterations in dampening inflammation-associated CRC and an immunological mechanism underlying the interaction between microbes and host immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Mi Kim
- Center for Integrative Rheumatoid Transcriptomics and Dynamics, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Biomedicine & Health Sciences, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Ouk Choi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong-Joon Cho
- School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Institute for Basic Science, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Bong-Ki Hong
- Center for Integrative Rheumatoid Transcriptomics and Dynamics, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Biomedicine & Health Sciences, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hoh-Jeong Shon
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Bum-Joon Kim
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Institute of Endemic Diseases, Seoul National University Medical Research Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Joo-Hong Park
- School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Wan-Uk Kim
- Center for Integrative Rheumatoid Transcriptomics and Dynamics, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Biomedicine & Health Sciences, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Donghyun Kim
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Institute of Endemic Diseases, Seoul National University Medical Research Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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27
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Baral T, Kurian SJ, Thomas L, Udyavara Kudru C, Mukhopadhyay C, Saravu K, Manu MK, Singh J, Munisamy M, Kumar A, Khandelwal B, Rao M, Sekhar Miraj S. Impact of tuberculosis disease on human gut microbiota: a systematic review. Expert Rev Anti Infect Ther 2023; 21:175-188. [PMID: 36564016 DOI: 10.1080/14787210.2023.2162879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION This systematic review evaluates the gut microbiota (GM) status in tuberculosis (TB) patients compared to healthy volunteers due to the disease or its treatment. AREAS COVERED We conducted a systematic review of all articles published in PubMed, Web of Science, and Embase that assessed the impact of TB disease and anti-tubercular therapy (ATT) on GM from inception till January 2022 (Protocol registration number in PROSPERO: CRD42021261884). Regarding the microbial diversity indices and taxonomy, we found a significant difference in GM status between the TB and healthy control (HC) groups. We found an overabundance of Phylum Proteobacteria and depletion of some short-chain fatty acid-producing bacteria genera like Bifidobacteria, Roseburia, and Ruminococcus in the TB group. We found that ATT exacerbates the degree of dysbiosis caused by Mycobacteria tuberculosis disease. EXPERT OPINION The modulation of GM in TB patients in clinical practice may serve as a promising target to reverse the dysbiosis caused. Moreover, this can optimistically change the TB treatment outcome. We expect that appropriate probiotic supplementation with antimycobacterial treatment during tuberculosis disease will help stabilize the GM throughout the treatment phase and protect the GM from dysbiosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tejaswini Baral
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India.,Manipal Center for Infectious Diseases, Prasanna School of Public Health, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Shilia Jacob Kurian
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India.,Manipal Center for Infectious Diseases, Prasanna School of Public Health, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Levin Thomas
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | | | - Chiranjay Mukhopadhyay
- Department of Microbiology, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Kavitha Saravu
- Manipal Center for Infectious Diseases, Prasanna School of Public Health, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India.,Department of Infectious Diseases, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Mohan K Manu
- Manipal Center for Infectious Diseases, Prasanna School of Public Health, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India.,Department of Respiratory Medicine, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Jitendra Singh
- Department of Translational Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhopal, India
| | - Murali Munisamy
- Department of Translational Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhopal, India
| | - Amit Kumar
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Rajendra Institute of Medical Sciences, Ranchi, India
| | - Bidita Khandelwal
- Department of Medicine, Sikkim Manipal Institute of Medical Sciences, Sikkim Manipal University, Gangtok, India.,Director, Directorate of Research, Sikkim Manipal University, Gangtok, India
| | - Mahadev Rao
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Sonal Sekhar Miraj
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India.,Manipal Center for Infectious Diseases, Prasanna School of Public Health, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
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28
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Khadka S, Omura S, Sato F, Tsunoda I. Adjuvant Injections Altered the Ileal and Fecal Microbiota Differently with Changes in Immunoglobulin Isotypes and Antimycobacterial Antibody Responses. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24032818. [PMID: 36769136 PMCID: PMC9917480 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Revised: 01/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Alterations in the gut microbiota, "dysbiosis," have been reported in autoimmune diseases, including multiple sclerosis (MS), and their animal models. Although the animal models were induced by injections of autoantigens with adjuvants, including complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA) and pertussis toxin (PT), the effects of adjuvant injections on the microbiota are largely unknown. We aimed to clarify whether adjuvant injections could affect the microbiota in the ileum and feces. Using 16S rRNA sequencing, we found decreased alpha diversities of the gut microbiota in mice injected with CFA and PT, compared with naïve mice. Overall, microbial profiles visualized by principal component analysis demonstrated dysbiosis in feces, but not in the ileum, of adjuvant-injected mice, where the genera Lachnospiraceae NK4A136 group and Alistipes contributed to dysbiosis. When we compared the relative abundances of individual bacteria, we found changes in 16 bacterial genera in feces and seven genera in the ileum of adjuvant-injected mice, in which increased serum levels of antibody against mycobacteria (a component of CFA) and total IgG2c were correlated with the genus Facklamia. On the other hand, increased IgG1 and IgA concentrations were correlated with the genus Atopostipes. Therefore, adjuvant injections alone could alter the overall microbial profiles (i.e., microbiota) and individual bacterial abundances with altered antibody responses; dysbiosis in animal models could be partly due to adjuvant injections.
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Huang HL, Luo YC, Lu PL, Huang CH, Lin KD, Lee MR, Cheng MH, Yeh YT, Kao CY, Wang JY, Yang JM, Chong IW. Gut microbiota composition can reflect immune responses of latent tuberculosis infection in patients with poorly controlled diabetes. Respir Res 2023; 24:11. [PMID: 36631857 PMCID: PMC9835344 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-023-02312-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a major risk factor for tuberculosis (TB). Evidence has linked the DM-related dysbiosis of gut microbiota to modifiable host immunity to Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection. However, the crosslinks between gut microbiota composition and immunological effects on the development of latent TB infection (LTBI) in DM patients remain uncertain. METHODS We prospectively obtained stool, blood samples, and medical records from 130 patients with poorly-controlled DM (pDM), defined as ever having an HbA1c > 9.0% within previous 1 year. Among them, 43 had LTBI, as determined by QuantiFERON-TB Gold in-Tube assay. The differences in the taxonomic diversity of gut microbiota between LTBI and non-LTBI groups were investigated using 16S ribosomal RNA sequencing, and a predictive algorithm was established using a random forest model. Serum cytokine levels were measured to determine their correlations with gut microbiota. RESULTS Compared with non-LTBI group, the microbiota in LTBI group displayed a similar alpha-diversity but different beta-diversity, featuring decrease of Prevotella_9, Streptococcus, and Actinomyces and increase of Bacteroides, Alistipes, and Blautia at the genus level. The accuracy was 0.872 for the LTBI prediction model using the aforementioned 6 microbiome-based biomarkers. Compared with the non-LTBI group, the LTBI group had a significantly lower serum levels of IL-17F (p = 0.025) and TNF-α (p = 0.038), which were correlated with the abundance of the aforementioned 6 taxa. CONCLUSIONS The study results suggest that gut microbiome composition maybe associated with host immunity relevant to TB status, and gut microbial signature might be helpful for the diagnosis of LTBI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hung-Ling Huang
- grid.412027.20000 0004 0620 9374Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, 100, Shih-Chuan 1st Road, Kaohsiung, 80708 Taiwan ,grid.412027.20000 0004 0620 9374Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, 100, Shih-Chuan 1st Road, Kaohsiung, 80708 Taiwan ,grid.415007.70000 0004 0477 6869Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, 68, Jhonghua 3rd Rd, Cianjin District, Kaohsiung, 80145 Taiwan ,grid.412019.f0000 0000 9476 5696Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, 100, Shih-Chuan 1st Road, Kaohsiung, 80708 Taiwan
| | - Yong-Chun Luo
- grid.260539.b0000 0001 2059 7017Institute of Bioinformatics and Systems Biology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, 1001, University Road Hsinchu, 30010 Taiwan
| | - Po-Liang Lu
- grid.412027.20000 0004 0620 9374Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, 100, Shih-Chuan 1st Road, Kaohsiung, 80708 Taiwan ,grid.412019.f0000 0000 9476 5696Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, 100, Shih-Chuan 1st Road, Kaohsiung, 80708 Taiwan ,grid.412019.f0000 0000 9476 5696Center for Liquid Biopsy and Cohort, Kaohsiung Medical University, 100, Shih-Chuan 1st Road, Kaohsiung, 80708 Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Hsieh Huang
- grid.411396.80000 0000 9230 8977Aging and Disease Prevention Research Center, Fooyin University, 151, Jinxue Rd., Daliao Dist., Kaohsiung, 83102 Taiwan ,grid.412019.f0000 0000 9476 5696Ph. D. Program in Environmental and Occupational Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, 100, Shih-Chuan 1st Road, Kaohsiung, 80708 Taiwan ,grid.411396.80000 0000 9230 8977Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Fooyin University, 151, Jinxue Rd., Daliao Dist., Kaohsiung, 83102 Taiwan
| | - Kun-Der Lin
- grid.412027.20000 0004 0620 9374Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, 100, Shih-Chuan 1st Road, Kaohsiung, 80708 Taiwan ,grid.412019.f0000 0000 9476 5696Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, 100, Shih-Chuan 1st Road, Kaohsiung, 80708 Taiwan ,grid.412027.20000 0004 0620 9374Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, 100, Shih-Chuan 1st Road, Kaohsiung, 80708 Taiwan
| | - Meng-Rui Lee
- grid.412094.a0000 0004 0572 7815Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, 7, Chung-Shan South Rd., Zhongzheng Dist., Taipei, 100225 Taiwan
| | - Meng-Hsuan Cheng
- grid.412027.20000 0004 0620 9374Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, 100, Shih-Chuan 1st Road, Kaohsiung, 80708 Taiwan ,grid.412027.20000 0004 0620 9374Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, 100, Shih-Chuan 1st Road, Kaohsiung, 80708 Taiwan ,grid.412019.f0000 0000 9476 5696Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, 100, Shih-Chuan 1st Road, Kaohsiung, 80708 Taiwan ,grid.412027.20000 0004 0620 9374Department of Respiratory Therapy, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, 100, Shih-Chuan 1st Road, Kaohsiung, 80708 Taiwan
| | - Yao-Tsung Yeh
- grid.411396.80000 0000 9230 8977Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Fooyin University, 151, Jinxue Rd., Daliao Dist., Kaohsiung, 83102 Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Yuan Kao
- grid.59784.370000000406229172Immunology Research Center, National Health Research Institutes, 35, Keyan Road, Zhunan Town, Miaoli, 35053 Taiwan
| | - Jann-Yuan Wang
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, 7, Chung-Shan South Rd., Zhongzheng Dist., Taipei, 100225, Taiwan.
| | - Jinn-Moon Yang
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Systems Biology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, 1001, University Road, Hsinchu, 30010, Taiwan. .,Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, 75, Boai Street, Hsinchu, 300193, Taiwan. .,Center for Intelligent Drug Systems and Smart Bio-Devices, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, 75 Boai Street, Hsinchu, 300193, Taiwan.
| | - Inn-Wen Chong
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, 100, Shih-Chuan 1st Road, Kaohsiung, 80708, Taiwan. .,Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, 100, Shih-Chuan 1st Road, Kaohsiung, 80708, Taiwan. .,Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, 100, Shih-Chuan 1st Road, Kaohsiung, 80708, Taiwan. .,Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, 75, Boai Street, Hsinchu, 300193, Taiwan.
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Yu Z, Shen X, Wang A, Hu C, Chen J. The gut microbiome: A line of defense against tuberculosis development. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2023; 13:1149679. [PMID: 37143744 PMCID: PMC10152471 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1149679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The tuberculosis (TB) burden remains a significant global public health concern, especially in less developed countries. While pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) is the most common form of the disease, extrapulmonary tuberculosis, particularly intestinal TB (ITB), which is mostly secondary to PTB, is also a significant issue. With the development of sequencing technologies, recent studies have investigated the potential role of the gut microbiome in TB development. In this review, we summarized studies investigating the gut microbiome in both PTB and ITB patients (secondary to PTB) compared with healthy controls. Both PTB and ITB patients show reduced gut microbiome diversity characterized by reduced Firmicutes and elevated opportunistic pathogens colonization; Bacteroides and Prevotella were reported with opposite alteration in PTB and ITB patients. The alteration reported in TB patients may lead to a disequilibrium in metabolites such as short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) production, which may recast the lung microbiome and immunity via the "gut-lung axis". These findings may also shed light on the colonization of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in the gastrointestinal tract and the development of ITB in PTB patients. The findings highlight the crucial role of the gut microbiome in TB, particularly in ITB development, and suggest that probiotics and postbiotics might be useful supplements in shaping a balanced gut microbiome during TB treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziqi Yu
- Munich Medical Research School, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich (LMU), Munich, Germany
| | - Xiang Shen
- Munich Medical Research School, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich (LMU), Munich, Germany
| | - Aiyao Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Jiangxi Provincial People’s Hospital, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Chong Hu
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Jiangxi Provincial People’s Hospital, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Jianyong Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Jiangxi Provincial People’s Hospital, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
- *Correspondence: Jianyong Chen,
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Wu C, Yi H, Hu Y, Luo D, Tang Z, Wen X, Zhang Y, Tang M, Zhang L, Wu S, Chen M. Effects of second-line anti-tuberculosis drugs on the intestinal microbiota of patients with rifampicin-resistant tuberculosis. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2023; 13:1127916. [PMID: 37187470 PMCID: PMC10178494 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1127916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective To determine the effects of second-line anti-tuberculosis (TB) drugs on the composition and functions of intestinal microbiota in patients with rifampicin-resistant TB (RR-TB). Methods In this cross-sectional study, stool samples and relevant clinical information were collected from patients with RR-TB admitted to the Drug-resistant Specialty Department at Hunan Chest Hospital (Hunan Institute For Tuberculosis Control). The composition and functions of intestinal microbiota were analyzed using metagenomic sequencing and bioinformatics methods. Results Altered structural composition of the intestinal microbiota was found when patients from the control, intensive phase treatment, and continuation phase treatment groups were compared (P<0.05). Second-line anti-TB treatment resulted in a decrease in the relative abundance of species, such as Prevotella copri, compared with control treatment. However, the relative abundance of Escherichia coli, Salmonella enterica, and 11 other conditionally pathogenic species increased significantly in the intensive phase treatment group. Based on differential functional analysis, some metabolism-related functions, such as the biosynthesises of phenylalanine, tyrosine, and tryptophan, were significantly inhibited during second-line anti-TB drug treatment, while other functions, such as phenylalanine metabolism, were significantly promoted during the intensive phase of treatment. Conclusion Second-line anti-TB drug treatment caused changes in the structural composition of the intestinal microbiota in patients with RR-TB. In particular, this treatment induced a significant increase in the relative abundance of 11 conditionally pathogenic species, including Escherichia coli. Functional analysis revealed significantly decreased biosynthesises of phenylalanine, tyrosine, and tryptophan and significantly increased phenylalanine metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunli Wu
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Hengzhong Yi
- 6th Medical Department, Hunan Province Chest Hospital, Changsha, Hunan, China
- *Correspondence: Hengzhong Yi,
| | - Yanmei Hu
- 6th Medical Department, Hunan Province Chest Hospital, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Danlin Luo
- 6th Medical Department, Hunan Province Chest Hospital, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Zhigang Tang
- 6th Medical Department, Hunan Province Chest Hospital, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xinmin Wen
- 6th Medical Department, Hunan Province Chest Hospital, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yong Zhang
- 6th Medical Department, Hunan Province Chest Hospital, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Mi Tang
- 6th Medical Department, Hunan Province Chest Hospital, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Lizhi Zhang
- Orthopedics and integration Medical Department, Hunan Province Chest Hospital, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Shu Wu
- 6th Medical Department, Hunan Province Chest Hospital, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Mengshi Chen
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
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Deducing the Interplay Between Gut Flora and Respiratory Diseases: A New Therapeutic Strategy? Indian J Microbiol 2022; 63:1-17. [PMID: 36575670 PMCID: PMC9778463 DOI: 10.1007/s12088-022-01051-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The gastrointestinal system, also referred to as the gut, is a universe that colonizes trillions of microbes. In addition to its digestive functions, the gut represents a biosystem that determines all the health vectors. It is now recognized as one of the body's defense systems, and good gut health regulates the body's immune responses. Disturbance of this barrier can trigger many diseases, including respiratory tract infections, as there is a close correlation between the gut microbiome and the chances of triggering illness. This review investigates the various factors affecting the gut microbiome, the diseases that can result from the dysregulation of the same, and their molecular mechanisms. The most basic solution to tackle this problem is to maintain the gut microbiome at the desired level. Timely diagnosis and interventions are needed for the proper management of the ensuing conditions. It is important to address the effects of factors on the gut microbiome and thereby regulate this level. The study also found that dysregulation in the system can lead to various diseases such as asthma, COPD, lung cancer following their respective pathways. In short, this paper reinforces the importance of the gut microbiome, the need to maintain its average level, and the need for proper interventions to treat the consequences. The manuscript posit that medications, diet as well and good physiological conditions of the human body can alter the microbiome and can ward off respiratory infections.
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Ye S, Wang L, Li S, Ding Q, Wang Y, Wan X, Ji X, Lou Y, Li X. The correlation between dysfunctional intestinal flora and pathology feature of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 12:1090889. [PMID: 36619765 PMCID: PMC9811264 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.1090889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Recent studies have provided insights into the important contribution of gut microbiota in the development of Pulmonary Tuberculosis (PTB). As a chronic consumptive infectious disease, PTB involves many pathological characteristics. At present, research on intestinal flora and clinical pathological Index of PTB is still rare. Methods We performed a cross-sectional study in 63 healthy controls (HCs) and 69 patients with untreated active PTB to assess the differences in their microbiota in feces via 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Results Significant alteration of microbial taxonomic and functional capacity was observed in PTB as compared to the HCs. The results showed that the alpha diversity indexes of the PTB patients were lower than the HCs (P<0.05). Beta diversity showed differences between the two groups (P<0.05). At the genus level, the relative abundance of Bacteroides, Parabacteroides and Veillonella increased, while Faecalibacterium, Bifidobacterium, Agathobacter and CAG-352 decreased significantly in the PTB group, when compared with the HCs. The six combined genera, including Lactobacillus, Faecalibacterium, Roseburia, Dorea, Monnoglobus and [Eubacterium]_ventriosum_group might be a set of diagnostic biomarkers for PTB (AUC=0.90). Besides, the predicted bacterial functional pathway had a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05), which was mainly related to the nutrient metabolism pathway. Significant alterations in the biochemical index were associated with changes in the relative abundance of specific bacteria, the short chain fatty acid (SCFA)-producing bacteria enriched in HCs had a positively correlated with most of the biochemical indexes. Discussion Our study indicated that the gut microbiota in PTB patients was significantly different from HCs as characterized by the composition and metabolic pathway, which related to the change of biochemical indexes in the PTB group. It was hypothesized that the abovementioned changes in the gut microbiota could exert an impact on the clinical characteristics of PTB through the regulation of the nutrient utilization pathway of the host by way of the gut-lung axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiqing Ye
- Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Sanitary Microbiology, Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, China, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China,Colorectal Cancer Research Center, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Liang Wang
- Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Sanitary Microbiology, Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, China, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China,Colorectal Cancer Research Center, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shengkai Li
- Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Sanitary Microbiology, Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, China, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China,Colorectal Cancer Research Center, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qingyong Ding
- Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Sanitary Microbiology, Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, China, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China,Colorectal Cancer Research Center, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Sanitary Microbiology, Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, China, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China,Colorectal Cancer Research Center, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xinxin Wan
- Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Sanitary Microbiology, Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, China, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China,Colorectal Cancer Research Center, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaoyun Ji
- Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Sanitary Microbiology, Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, China, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China,Colorectal Cancer Research Center, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yongliang Lou
- Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Sanitary Microbiology, Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, China, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China,Colorectal Cancer Research Center, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China,*Correspondence: Xiang Li, ; Yongliang Lou,
| | - Xiang Li
- Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Sanitary Microbiology, Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Ministry of Education, China, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China,Colorectal Cancer Research Center, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China,*Correspondence: Xiang Li, ; Yongliang Lou,
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Li S, Guo J, Liu R, Zhang F, Wen S, Liu Y, Ren W, Zhang X, Shang Y, Gao M, Lu J, Pang Y. Predominance of Escherichia-Shigella in Gut Microbiome and Its Potential Correlation with Elevated Level of Plasma Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha in Patients with Tuberculous Meningitis. Microbiol Spectr 2022; 10:e0192622. [PMID: 36350161 PMCID: PMC9769903 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.01926-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Tuberculous meningitis (TBM), the most lethal and disabling form of tuberculosis (TB), may be related to gut microbiota composition, warranting further study. Here we systematically compared gut microbiota compositions and blood cytokine profiles of TBM patients, pulmonary TB patients, and healthy controls. Notably, the significant gut microbiota dysbiosis observed in TBM patients was associated with markedly high proportions of Escherichia-Shigella species as well as increased blood levels of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin 6 (IL-6). Next, we obtained a fecal bacterial isolate from a TBM patient and administered it via oral gavage to mice in order to develop a murine gut microbiota dysbiosis model for use in exploring mechanisms underlying the observed relationship between gut microbial dysbiosis and TBM. Thereafter, cells of commensal Escherichia coli (E. coli) were isolated and administered to model mice by gavage and then mice were inoculated with Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tuberculosis). Subsequently, these mice exhibited increased blood TNF-α levels accompanied by downregulated expression of tight junction protein claudin-5, increased brain tissue bacterial burden, and elevated central nervous system inflammation relative to corresponding indicators in controls administered PBS by gavage. Thus, our results demonstrated that a signature dysbiotic gut microbiome profile containing a high proportion of E. coli was potentially associated with an increased circulating TNF-α level in TBM patients. Collectively, these results suggest that modulation of dysbiotic gut microbiota holds promise as a new strategy for preventing or alleviating TBM. IMPORTANCE As the most severe form of tuberculosis, the pathogenesis of tuberculous meningitis (TBM) is still unclear. Gut microbiota dysbiosis plays an important role in a variety of central nervous system diseases. However, the relationship between gut microbiota and TBM has not been identified. In our study, significant dysbiosis in gut microbiota composition with a high proportion of E. coli and increased levels of TNF-α in plasma was noted in TBM patients. A commensal E. coli was isolated and shown to increase the plasma level of TNF-α and downregulate brain tight junction protein claudin-5 in the murine model. Gavage administration of E. coli aggravated the bacterial burden and increased the inflammatory responses in the central nervous system after M. tuberculosis infection. Dysbiosis of gut microbiota may be a promising therapeutic target and biomarker for TBM prevention or treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Li
- Department of Bacteriology and Immunology, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University/Beijing Tuberculosis & Thoracic Tumor Research Institute, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jidong Guo
- Department of Tuberculosis, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University/Beijing Tuberculosis & Thoracic Tumor Research Institute, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Rongmei Liu
- Department of Tuberculosis, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University/Beijing Tuberculosis & Thoracic Tumor Research Institute, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Fuzhen Zhang
- Department of Bacteriology and Immunology, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University/Beijing Tuberculosis & Thoracic Tumor Research Institute, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shu’an Wen
- Department of Bacteriology and Immunology, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University/Beijing Tuberculosis & Thoracic Tumor Research Institute, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yi Liu
- Department of Bacteriology and Immunology, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University/Beijing Tuberculosis & Thoracic Tumor Research Institute, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Weicong Ren
- Department of Bacteriology and Immunology, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University/Beijing Tuberculosis & Thoracic Tumor Research Institute, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xuxia Zhang
- Department of Bacteriology and Immunology, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University/Beijing Tuberculosis & Thoracic Tumor Research Institute, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuanyuan Shang
- Department of Bacteriology and Immunology, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University/Beijing Tuberculosis & Thoracic Tumor Research Institute, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Mengqiu Gao
- Department of Tuberculosis, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University/Beijing Tuberculosis & Thoracic Tumor Research Institute, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jie Lu
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Pediatric Diseases of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, MOE Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Beijing Pediatric Research Institute, Beijing Children’s Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children’s Health, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yu Pang
- Department of Bacteriology and Immunology, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University/Beijing Tuberculosis & Thoracic Tumor Research Institute, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
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Yadav A, Pandey R. Viral infectious diseases severity: co-presence of transcriptionally active microbes (TAMs) can play an integral role for disease severity. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1056036. [PMID: 36532032 PMCID: PMC9755851 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1056036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Humans have been challenged by infectious diseases for all of their recorded history, and are continually being affected even today. Next-generation sequencing (NGS) has enabled identification of, i) culture independent microbes, ii) emerging disease-causing pathogens, and iii) understanding of the genome architecture. This, in turn, has highlighted that pathogen/s are not a monolith, and thereby allowing for the differentiation of the wide-ranging disease symptoms, albeit infected by a primary pathogen. The conventional 'one disease - one pathogen' paradigm has been positively revisited by considering limited yet important evidence of the co-presence of multiple transcriptionally active microbes (TAMs), potential pathogens, in various infectious diseases, including the COVID-19 pandemic. The ubiquitous microbiota presence inside humans gives reason to hypothesize that the microbiome, especially TAMs, contributes to disease etiology. Herein, we discuss current evidence and inferences on the co-infecting microbes particularly in the diseases caused by the RNA viruses - Influenza, Dengue, and the SARS-CoV-2. We have highlighted that the specific alterations in the microbial taxonomic abundances (dysbiosis) is functionally connected to the exposure of primary infecting pathogen/s. The microbial presence is intertwined with the differential host immune response modulating differential disease trajectories. The microbiota-host interactions have been shown to modulate the host immune responses to Influenza and SARS-CoV-2 infection, wherein the active commensal microbes are involved in the generation of virus-specific CD4 and CD8 T-cells following the influenza virus infection. Furthermore, COVID-19 dysbiosis causes an increase in inflammatory cytokines such as IL-6, TNF-α, and IL-1β, which might be one of the important predisposing factors for severe infection. Through this article, we aim to provide a comprehensive view of functional microbiomes that can have a significant regulatory impact on predicting disease severity (mild, moderate and severe), as well as clinical outcome (survival and mortality). This can offer fresh perspectives on the novel microbial biomarkers for stratifying patients for severe disease symptoms, disease prevention and augmenting treatment regimens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aanchal Yadav
- Division of Immunology and Infectious Disease Biology, INtegrative GENomics of HOst-PathogEn (INGEN-HOPE) laboratory, CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology (CSIR-IGIB), Delhi, India,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
| | - Rajesh Pandey
- Division of Immunology and Infectious Disease Biology, INtegrative GENomics of HOst-PathogEn (INGEN-HOPE) laboratory, CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology (CSIR-IGIB), Delhi, India,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India,*Correspondence: Rajesh Pandey, ;
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Abstract
This narrative review seeks to examine the relationships between bacterial microbiomes and infectious disease. This is achieved by detailing how different human host microbiomes develop and function, from the earliest infant acquisitions of maternal and environmental species through to the full development of microbiomes by adulthood. Communication between bacterial species or communities of species within and outside of the microbiome is a factor in both maintenance of homeostasis and management of threats from the external environment. Dysbiosis of this homeostasis is key to understanding the development of disease states. Several microbiomes and the microbiota within are used as prime examples of how changes in species composition, particularly at the phylum level, leads to such diverse conditions as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), type 2 diabetes, psoriasis, Parkinson's disease, reflux oesophagitis and others. The review examines spatial relationships between microbiomes to understand how dysbiosis in the gut microbiome in particular can influence diseases in distant host sites via routes such as the gut-lung, gut-skin and gut-brain axes. Microbiome interaction with host processes such as adaptive immunity is increasingly identified as critical to developing the capacity of the immune system to react to pathogens. Dysbiosis of essential bacteria involved in modification of host substrates such as bile acid components can result in development of Crohn's disease, small intestine bacterial overgrowth, hepatic cancer and obesity. Interactions between microbiomes in distantly located sites are being increasingly being identified, resulting in a 'whole of body' effect by the combined host microbiome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jim Manos
- Infection, Immunity and InflammationSchool of Medical SciencesFaculty of Medicine and HealthThe Charles Perkins CentreThe University of SydneySydneyNSWAustralia
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Arrigoni R, Ballini A, Topi S, Bottalico L, Jirillo E, Santacroce L. Antibiotic Resistance to Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Potential Use of Natural and Biological Products as Alternative Anti-Mycobacterial Agents. Antibiotics (Basel) 2022; 11:antibiotics11101431. [PMID: 36290089 PMCID: PMC9598247 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics11101431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Revised: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease caused by the bacillus Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb). TB treatment is based on the administration of three major antibiotics: isoniazid, rifampicin, and pyrazinamide. However, multi-drug resistant (MDR) Mtb strains are increasing around the world, thus, allowing TB to spread around the world. The stringent response is demonstrated by Mtb strains in order to survive under hostile circumstances, even including exposure to antibiotics. The stringent response is mediated by alarmones, which regulate bacterial replication, transcription and translation. Moreover, the Mtb cell wall contributes to the mechanism of antibiotic resistance along with efflux pump activation and biofilm formation. Immunity over the course of TB is managed by M1-macrophages and M2-macrophages, which regulate the immune response against Mtb infection, with the former exerting inflammatory reactions and the latter promoting an anti-inflammatory profile. T helper 1 cells via secretion of interferon (IFN)-gamma, play a protective role in the course of TB, while T regulatory cells secreting interleukin 10, are anti-inflammatory. Alternative therapeutic options against TB require further discussion. In view of the increasing number of MDR Mtb strains, attempts to replace antibiotics with natural and biological products have been object of intensive investigation. Therefore, in this review the anti-Mtb effects exerted by probiotics, polyphenols, antimicrobial peptides and IFN-gamma will be discussed. All the above cited compounds are endowed either with direct antibacterial activity or with anti-inflammatory and immunomodulating characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Arrigoni
- CNR Institute of Biomembranes, Bioenergetics and Molecular Biotechnologies (IBIOM), 70124 Bari, Italy
- Correspondence:
| | - Andrea Ballini
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Skender Topi
- Department of Clinical Disciplines, School of Technical Medical Sciences, “A. Xhuvani”, 3001 Elbasan, Albania
| | - Lucrezia Bottalico
- Department of Clinical Disciplines, School of Technical Medical Sciences, “A. Xhuvani”, 3001 Elbasan, Albania
| | - Emilio Jirillo
- Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, Section of Microbiology and Virology, School of Medicine, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Luigi Santacroce
- Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, Section of Microbiology and Virology, School of Medicine, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy
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The Faecal Microbiome of the Wild European Badger Meles meles: A Comparison Against Other Wild Omnivorous Mammals from Across the Globe. Curr Microbiol 2022; 79:363. [PMID: 36253492 PMCID: PMC9576668 DOI: 10.1007/s00284-022-03064-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Here we investigate the faecal microbiome of wild European badgers Meles meles using samples collected at post-mortem as part of the All Wales Badger Found Dead study. This is the first published characterisation of the badger microbiome. We initially undertook a sex-matched age comparison between the adult and cub microbiomes, based on sequencing the V3–V4 region of the 16S rRNA gene. Analysis used the QIIME 2 pipeline utilising DADA2 and the Silva database for taxonomy assignment. Fusobacteria appeared to be more abundant in the microbiomes of the cubs than the adults although no significant difference was seen in alpha or beta diversity between the adult and cub badger microbiomes. Comparisons were also made against other wild, omnivorous, mammals’ faecal microbiomes using publicly available data. Significant differences were seen in both alpha and beta diversity between the microbiomes from different species. As a wildlife species of interest to the disease bovine tuberculosis, knowledge of the faecal microbiome could assist in identification of infected badgers. Our work here suggests that, if comparisons were made between the faeces of bTB infected and non-infected badgers, age may not have a significant impact on the microbiome.
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Shangguan Y, Ji Z, Guo W, Hu W, Li X, Xu K. Oral Bacteria Dysbiosis in Patients with Linezolid-Induced Black Hairy Tongue: A Case Series. Infect Drug Resist 2022; 15:5449-5454. [PMID: 36128436 PMCID: PMC9482776 DOI: 10.2147/idr.s373266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Linezolid-induced black hairy tongue is a self-limiting benign disease that is rare. Here, we report three patients who developed black hairy tongue after linezolid treatment. The severe dysbiosis of oral bacterial communities was observed in all these patients. Proteobacteria was the most prevalent phylum (over 90%) at the black tongue stage. Furthermore, the dramatic oral bacterial alteration took a long time to reverse after the BHT resolved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanwan Shangguan
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhongkang Ji
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Wanru Guo
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenjuan Hu
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaomeng Li
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Kaijin Xu
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
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Barbosa-Amezcua M, Galeana-Cadena D, Alvarado-Peña N, Silva-Herzog E. The Microbiome as Part of the Contemporary View of Tuberculosis Disease. Pathogens 2022; 11:pathogens11050584. [PMID: 35631105 PMCID: PMC9147979 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens11050584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Revised: 05/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The study of the microbiome has changed our overall perspective on health and disease. Although studies of the lung microbiome have lagged behind those on the gastrointestinal microbiome, there is now evidence that the lung microbiome is a rich, dynamic ecosystem. Tuberculosis is one of the oldest human diseases, it is primarily a respiratory infectious disease caused by strains from the Mycobacterium tuberculosis Complex. Even today, during the COVID-19 pandemic, it remains one of the principal causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Tuberculosis disease manifests itself as a dynamic spectrum that ranges from asymptomatic latent infection to life-threatening active disease. The review aims to provide an overview of the microbiome in the tuberculosis setting, both in patients’ and animal models. We discuss the relevance of the microbiome and its dysbiosis, and how, probably through its interaction with the immune system, it is a significant factor in tuberculosis’s susceptibility, establishment, and severity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martín Barbosa-Amezcua
- Laboratorio de Farmacogenómica, Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genomica (INMEGEN), Mexico City 14610, Mexico;
| | - David Galeana-Cadena
- Laboratorio de Inmunobiología y Genética, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias (INER), Mexico City 14080, Mexico;
| | - Néstor Alvarado-Peña
- Coordinación de Infectología y Microbiología, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias (INER), Mexico City 14080, Mexico;
| | - Eugenia Silva-Herzog
- Coordinación de Infectología y Microbiología, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias (INER), Mexico City 14080, Mexico;
- Laboratorio de Vinculación Científica, Facultad de Medicina-Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico-Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genomica (UNAM-INMEGEN), Mexico City 14610, Mexico
- Correspondence:
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Melo-González F, Sepúlveda-Alfaro J, Schultz BM, Suazo ID, Boone DL, Kalergis AM, Bueno SM. Distal Consequences of Mucosal Infections in Intestinal and Lung Inflammation. Front Immunol 2022; 13:877533. [PMID: 35572549 PMCID: PMC9095905 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.877533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Infectious diseases are one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide, affecting high-risk populations such as children and the elderly. Pathogens usually activate local immune responses at the site of infection, resulting in both protective and inflammatory responses, which may lead to local changes in the microbiota, metabolites, and the cytokine environment. Although some pathogens can disseminate and cause systemic disease, increasing evidence suggests that local infections can affect tissues not directly invaded. In particular, diseases occurring at distal mucosal barriers such as the lung and the intestine seem to be linked, as shown by epidemiological studies in humans. These mucosal barriers have bidirectional interactions based mainly on multiple signals derived from the microbiota, which has been termed as the gut-lung axis. However, the effects observed in such distal places are still incompletely understood. Most of the current research focuses on the systemic impact of changes in microbiota and bacterial metabolites during infection, which could further modulate immune responses at distal tissue sites. Here, we describe how the gut microbiota and associated metabolites play key roles in maintaining local homeostasis and preventing enteric infection by direct and indirect mechanisms. Subsequently, we discuss recent murine and human studies linking infectious diseases with changes occurring at distal mucosal barriers, with particular emphasis on bacterial and viral infections affecting the lung and the gastrointestinal tract. Further, we discuss the potential mechanisms by which pathogens may cause such effects, promoting either protection or susceptibility to secondary infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felipe Melo-González
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Departamento de Genética Molecular y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad Andrés Bello, Santiago, Chile
| | - Javiera Sepúlveda-Alfaro
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Departamento de Genética Molecular y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Bárbara M. Schultz
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Departamento de Genética Molecular y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Isidora D. Suazo
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Departamento de Genética Molecular y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - David L. Boone
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Indiana University School of Medicine-South Bend, South Bend, IN, United States
| | - Alexis M. Kalergis
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Departamento de Genética Molecular y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Departamento de Endocrinología, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Susan M. Bueno
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Departamento de Genética Molecular y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
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Lactobacillus casei Improve Anti-Tuberculosis Drugs-Induced Intestinal Adverse Reactions in Rat by Modulating Gut Microbiota and Short-Chain Fatty Acids. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14081668. [PMID: 35458230 PMCID: PMC9032531 DOI: 10.3390/nu14081668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Revised: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The adverse effects of anti-tuberculosis (TB) drugs in the intestines were related to alteration of the intestinal microbiota. However, there was less information about microbial metabolism on the adverse reactions. This study aimed to explore whether Lactobacillus casei could regulate gut microbiota or short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) disorders to protect intestinal adverse reactions induced by isoniazid (H) and rifampicin (R). Male Wistar rats were given low and high doses of Lactobacillus casei two hours before daily administration of anti-TB drugs. After 42 days, colon tissue and blood were collected for analysis. The feces at two-week and six-week were collected to analyze the microbial composition and the content of SCFAs in colon contents was determined. Supplementation of Lactobacillus casei increased the proportion of intestinal goblet cells induced by H and R (p < 0.05). In addition, HR also reduced the level of mucin-2 (p < 0.05), and supplementation of Lactobacillus casei restored. After two weeks of HR intervention, a decrease in OTUs, diversity index, the abundance of Bacteroides, Akkermansia, and Blautia, and an increase of the abundance of Lacetospiraceae NK4A136 group and Rumencoccus UCG-005, were observed compared with the control group (p all < 0.05). These indices in Lactobacillus casei intervention groups were similar to the HR group. Six-week intervention resulted in a dramatic reduction of Lacetospiraceae NK4A136 group, butyric acid, valeric acid and hexanoic acid, while an increase of Bacteroides and Blautia (p all < 0.05). Pretreatment with Lactobacillus casei significantly increased the content of hexanoic acid compared with HR group (p < 0.05). Lactobacillus casei might prevent intestinal injury induced by anti-tuberculosis drugs by regulating gut microbiota and SCFAs metabolism.
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Jeong S, Huang LK, Tsai MJ, Liao YT, Lin YS, Hu CJ, Hsu YH. Cognitive Function Associated with Gut Microbial Abundance in Sucrose and S-Adenosyl-L-Methionine (SAMe) Metabolic Pathways. J Alzheimers Dis 2022; 87:1115-1130. [DOI: 10.3233/jad-215090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Background: Differential abundance of gut microbiota has found to be associated with Alzheimer’s disease (AD). However, the relative abundance of gut microbiota between dementia and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) in AD is not well studied. Objective: We attempted to identify differentially enriched gut microbes and their metabolic pathways in AD patients with dementia comparing to AD patients with MCI. Methods: Fecal samples were collected at Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taiwan and analyzed by whole metagenomic sequencing technique. For normal controls without AD (NC), 16S rRNA sequencing was obtained from the Taiwan Microbiome Database. A total of 48 AD (38 dementia and 10 MCI defined by cognitive function scores) and 50 NC were included. Microbiome alpha and beta diversities were estimated. Differentially enriched microbes were identified with HAllA, MaAsLin, DESeq2, and LEfSe statistical modeling approaches. Results: We found significantly increased abundance of Firmicutes but decreased abundance of Bacteroidetes at phylum level in AD compared to NC. In AD patients, cognitive function scores were negatively associated with abundance of Blautia hydrogenotrophica (Firmicutes), Anaerotruncus colihominis (Firmicutes), and Gordonibacter pamelaeae (Actinobacteria). In addition, microbial abundance in the sucrose and S-Adenosyl-L-methionine (SAMe) metabolic pathways were more enriched in MCI AD than dementia AD; and significantly associated with higher cognitive function scores. Conclusion: Gut microbe community diversity was similar in AD patients regardless of MCI or dementia status. However, differential analyses probed in lower-level taxa and metabolic pathways suggested that specific gut microbes in Firmicutes and Actinobacteria might involve in cognitive decline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sohyun Jeong
- Marcus Institute for Aging Research, Hebrew SeniorLife, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Li-Kai Huang
- Dementia Center and Department of Neurology, Shuang Ho Hospital, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Ju Tsai
- Marcus Institute for Aging Research, Hebrew SeniorLife, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Yi-Tyng Liao
- Development Center for Biotechnology, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yow-Sien Lin
- Development Center for Biotechnology, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chaur-Jong Hu
- Dementia Center and Department of Neurology, Shuang Ho Hospital, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Hsiang Hsu
- Marcus Institute for Aging Research, Hebrew SeniorLife, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
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Smoking has disruptive effects on the small bowel luminal microbiome. Sci Rep 2022; 12:6231. [PMID: 35422064 PMCID: PMC9010470 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-10132-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Tobacco use is the leading preventable cause of cancer, and affects the respiratory, oral, fecal, and duodenal mucosa-associated microbiota. However, the effects of smoking on the duodenal luminal microbiome have not been studied directly. We aimed to compare the duodenal luminal microbiome in never-smokers, current smokers, and ex-smokers who quit ≥ 10 years ago. In a cross-sectional study, current smokers (CS, n = 24) were identified and matched to never-smokers (NS, n = 27) and ex-smokers (XS, n = 27) by age (± 5 years), body mass index (BMI, ± 3 kg/m2), and sex. Current antibiotic users were excluded. The duodenal luminal microbiome was analysed in 1 aspirate sample per subject by 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Relative abundances (RA) of families associated with increased duodenal microbial diversity, Prevotellaceae, Neisseriaceae, and Porphyromonadaceae, were significantly lower in CS vs. NS. This was driven by lower RA of unknown Prevotella and Porphyromonas species, and Neisseria subflava and N. cinerea, in CS. In contrast, RA of Enterobacteriaceae and Lactobacillaceae (associated with decreased diversity), were significantly higher in CS, due to higher RA of Escherichia-Shigella, Klebsiella and Lactobacillus species. Many of these changes were absent or less pronounced in XS, who exhibited a duodenal luminal microbiome more similar to NS. RA of taxa previously found to be increased in the oral and respiratory microbiota of smokers were also higher in the duodenal luminal microbiome, including Bulledia extructa and an unknown Filifactor species. In conclusion, smoking is associated with an altered duodenal luminal microbiome. However, ex-smokers have a duodenal luminal microbiome that is similar to never-smokers.
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Wang Y, Deng Y, Liu N, Chen Y, Jiang Y, Teng Z, Ma Z, Chang Y, Xiang Y. Alterations in the Gut Microbiome of Individuals With Tuberculosis of Different Disease States. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 12:836987. [PMID: 35425720 PMCID: PMC9001989 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.836987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
ObjectiveThere is evidence that the gut microbiota play a regulatory role in the occurrence and progression of tuberculosis. The purpose of the current study was to explore the alterations in gut microbiome under different tuberculosis disease stages in the Uyghur population, clarify the composition of microbial taxonomy, search for microbial biomarkers and provide innovative ideas for individual immune prevention and for control strategies.DesignA case–control study of Uyghur individuals was performed using 56 cases of pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB), 36 cases of latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) and 50 healthy controls (HC), from which stool samples were collected for 16S rRNA gene sequencing.ResultsThe results showed that the alpha diversity indexes of the PTB group were lower than those of the other two groups (P <0.001), while only observed species were different between LTBI and HC (P <0.05). Beta diversity showed differences among the three groups (P = 0.001). At the genus level, the relative abundance of Bifidobacterium and Bacteroides increased, while Roseburia and Faecalibacterium decreased in the PTB group, when compared with the other two groups, but the changes between the LTBI and HC groups were not significant. The classifier in the test set showed that the ability of the combined genus to distinguish between each two groups was 81.73, 87.26, and 86.88%, respectively, and the validation efficiency was higher than that of a single screened genus.ConclusionThe gut microbiota of PTB patients was significantly disordered compared with LTBI and HC, while the changes of LTBI and HC were not significant. In the future, gut microbiota could be used as a non-invasive biomarker to assess disease activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
- Department of Women and Children and Community Health, Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Urumqi, China
| | - Yali Deng
- Department of Disease Control and Prevention, Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Urumqi, China
| | - Nianqiang Liu
- Centre for Tuberculosis and Leprosy Control and Prevention, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Urumqi, China
| | - Yanggui Chen
- Department of Tuberculosis Control and Prevention, Wulumuqi Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Urumqi, China
| | - Yuandong Jiang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Zihao Teng
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Zhi Ma
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Yuxue Chang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Yang Xiang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
- *Correspondence: Yang Xiang,
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Targeting the Pulmonary Microbiota to Fight against Respiratory Diseases. Cells 2022; 11:cells11050916. [PMID: 35269538 PMCID: PMC8909000 DOI: 10.3390/cells11050916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Revised: 02/26/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The mucosal immune system of the respiratory tract possesses an effective “defense barrier” against the invading pathogenic microorganisms; therefore, the lungs of healthy organisms are considered to be sterile for a long time according to the strong pathogens-eliminating ability. The emergence of next-generation sequencing technology has accelerated the studies about the microbial communities and immune regulating functions of lung microbiota during the past two decades. The acquisition and maturation of respiratory microbiota during childhood are mainly determined by the birth mode, diet structure, environmental exposure and antibiotic usage. However, the formation and development of lung microbiota in early life might affect the occurrence of respiratory diseases throughout the whole life cycle. The interplay and crosstalk between the gut and lung can be realized by the direct exchange of microbial species through the lymph circulation, moreover, the bioactive metabolites produced by the gut microbiota and lung microbiota can be changed via blood circulation. Complicated interactions among the lung microbiota, the respiratory viruses, and the host immune system can regulate the immune homeostasis and affect the inflammatory response in the lung. Probiotics, prebiotics, functional foods and fecal microbiota transplantation can all be used to maintain the microbial homeostasis of intestinal microbiota and lung microbiota. Therefore, various kinds of interventions on manipulating the symbiotic microbiota might be explored as novel effective strategies to prevent and control respiratory diseases.
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Huang Z, Mei X, Jiang Y, Chen T, Zhou Y. Gut Microbiota in Heart Failure Patients With Preserved Ejection Fraction (GUMPTION Study). Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 8:803744. [PMID: 35071367 PMCID: PMC8770938 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.803744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is associated with disrupted intestinal epithelial function, resulting from intestinal congestion. Intestinal congestion changes the morphology and permeability of the intestinal wall, and it becomes easy for the gut microbiota to change and transfer. Intervention on gut microbiota may become a new target for HFpEF treatment. However, the characteristics of gut microbiota in patients with HFpEF remain unknown. This preliminary report aims to detect the structure of gut microbiota in HFpEF patients so as to explore their characteristic changes, thereby providing a theoretical basis for future research. Methods: This research recruited 30 patients diagnosed with HFpEF and 30 healthy individuals. Stool specimens of research subjects were collected separately, and the microarray analyses of gut microbiota were conducted by Illumina high-throughput DNA sequencing. The differences in gut microbiota composition, alpha diversity, and beta diversity between the two groups were finally obtained. Results: The composition of gut microbiota was significantly different between the two groups. At the phylum classification level, the abundance of Synergistetes tended to be higher in the HFpEF group (P = 0.012). At genus classification level, the abundance of Butyricicoccus (P < 0.001), Sutterella (P = 0.004), Lachnospira (P = 0.003), and Ruminiclostridium (P = 0.009) in the HFpEF group were lower, while the abundance of Enterococcus (P < 0.001) and Lactobacillus (P = 0.005) were higher. According to the Chao index of alpha diversity analysis, HFpEF patients showed a nominally significant lower species richness when compared with controls (P = 0.046). However, there was no statistical difference in the Shannon index (P = 0.159) and Simpson index (P = 0.495), indicating that there was no difference in species diversity between the two groups. Beta diversity analysis revealed a highly significant separation of HFpEF patients and controls. Conclusions: An imbalance in the gut microbiota of HFpEF patients was observed. Patients with HFpEF have an increased abundance of microbiota associated with inflammation and a decreased abundance of microbiota associated with anti-inflammatory effects in the gut environment. In line with that, the species richness of gut microbiota in HFpEF patients tended to be lower.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyin Huang
- Department of Cardiology, Dushu Lake Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Xiaofei Mei
- Department of Cardiology, Dushu Lake Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yufeng Jiang
- Department of Cardiology, Dushu Lake Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Tan Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Dushu Lake Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yafeng Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, Dushu Lake Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, Suzhou, China
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Woodall CA, McGeoch LJ, Hay AD, Hammond A. Respiratory tract infections and gut microbiome modifications: A systematic review. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0262057. [PMID: 35025938 PMCID: PMC8757905 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0262057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Respiratory tract infections (RTIs) are extremely common and can cause gastrointestinal tract symptoms and changes to the gut microbiota, yet these effects are poorly understood. We conducted a systematic review to evaluate the reported evidence of gut microbiome alterations in patients with a RTI compared to healthy controls (PROSPERO: CRD42019138853). We systematically searched Medline, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane and the Clinical Trial Database for studies published between January 2015 and June 2021. Studies were eligible for inclusion if they were human cohorts describing the gut microbiome in patients with an RTI compared to healthy controls and the infection was caused by a viral or bacterial pathogen. Dual data screening and extraction with narrative synthesis was performed. We identified 1,593 articles and assessed 11 full texts for inclusion. Included studies (some nested) reported gut microbiome changes in the context of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) (n = 5), influenza (H1N1 and H7N9) (n = 2), Tuberculosis (TB) (n = 4), Community-Acquired Pneumonia CAP (n = 2) and recurrent RTIs (rRTI) (n = 1) infections. We found studies of patients with an RTI compared to controls reported a decrease in gut microbiome diversity (Shannon) of 1.45 units (95% CI, 0.15-2.50 [p, <0.0001]) and a lower abundance of taxa (p, 0.0086). Meta-analysis of the Shannon value showed considerable heterogeneity between studies (I2, 94.42). Unbiased analysis displayed as a funnel plot revealed a depletion of Lachnospiraceae, Ruminococcaceae and Ruminococcus and enrichment of Enterococcus. There was an important absence in the lack of cohort studies reporting gut microbiome changes and high heterogeneity between studies may be explained by variations in microbiome methods and confounder effects. Further human cohort studies are needed to understand RTI-induced gut microbiome changes to better understand interplay between microbes and respiratory health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire A. Woodall
- Centre for Academic Primary Care, Bristol Medical School, Population Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Luke J. McGeoch
- Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Alastair D. Hay
- Centre for Academic Primary Care, Bristol Medical School, Population Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Ashley Hammond
- Centre for Academic Primary Care, Bristol Medical School, Population Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
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Baral T, Kurian SJ, Sekhar M. S, Munisamy M, Kudru CU, Khandelwal B, Banerjee M, Mukhopadhyay C, Saravu K, Singh J, Singh S, Rao M. Role of the gut microbiome and probiotics for prevention and management of tuberculosis. MICROBIOME, IMMUNITY, DIGESTIVE HEALTH AND NUTRITION 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-822238-6.00036-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Yoon H, Park YS, Shin CM, Kim N, Lee DH. Gut Microbiome in Probable Intestinal Tuberculosis and Changes following Anti-Tuberculosis Treatment. Yonsei Med J 2022; 63:34-41. [PMID: 34913282 PMCID: PMC8688367 DOI: 10.3349/ymj.2022.63.1.34] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Revised: 09/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Information on the gut microbiome in patients with intestinal tuberculosis (ITB) and changes therein following anti-tuberculosis treatment (ATT) is lacking. We aimed to elucidate differences in stool microbiome between ITB patients and controls and to evaluate stool microbiome changes after ATT. MATERIALS AND METHODS Eleven patients with probable ITB underwent ATT for 6 months, with stool samples collected at 0, 2, and 6 months. We performed next-generation sequencing of 16S rRNA genes in stool bacteria and compared the gut microbiome. RESULTS Initially, the relative abundance of Verrucomicrobia was higher (5.0% vs. <1%) and that of Proteobacteria was lower (<1% vs. 6.6%) in ITB patients than in controls. Higher numbers of butyrate-producing bacteria (Blautia and Roseburia) were noted in ITB patients. The alpha-diversity of stool microbiome of ITB patients was lower than that in controls (p=0.045). There was a significant difference in beta-diversity between the groups (p=0.001). At 6 months, the proportion of Verrucomicrobia decreased to <1%, while the proportion of Proteobacteria remained at <1%. CONCLUSION There were no significant differences in alpha- and beta-diversity in the stool microbiome at 0, 2, and 6 months after ATT. The stool microbiome composition of probable ITB patients was different from that of controls, and 6 months of ATT did not significantly affect it.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyuk Yoon
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine and Liver Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young Soo Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea.
| | - Cheol Min Shin
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine and Liver Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Nayoung Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine and Liver Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Dong Ho Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine and Liver Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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