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Dai C, Tan M, Meng X, Dong J, Zhang Y. Effects of potassium channel knockdown on peripheral blood T lymphocytes and NFAT signaling pathway in Xinjiang Kazak patients with hypertension. Clin Exp Hypertens 2023; 45:2169449. [PMID: 36691302 DOI: 10.1080/10641963.2023.2169449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUD AND AIM T lymphocytes are involved in the occurrence and development of essential hypertension, and potassium channels are thought to be critical for lymphocyte activation. This study is to examine the roles of the voltage-gated potassium channels (Kv1.3) and calcium-activated potassium channels (KCa3.1) in peripheral blood T lymphocytes in Kazakh hypertensive patients of Xinjiang, China, mainly focusing on the effects of these channels on nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFAT) and inflammatory cytokines of T lymphocytes. METHOD Kv1.3 and KCa3.1 gene silencing were performed in cultured T lymphocytes from Kazakh patients with severe hypertension. T cell proliferation after gene silencing was measured using CCK-8. The mRNA and protein expression levels were measured using RT-qPCR and Western blot analysis, respectively. Nuclear translocation of NFAT was observed using laser confocal fluorescence microscopy. Inflammatory cytokine levels were detected with ELISA. RESULTS Compared with control group, gene silencing of Kv1.3 and KCa3.1 respectively inhibited the proliferation of T cells. Moreover, compared with the control group, the mRNA expression levels of NFAT, IL-6 and IFN-γ were significantly decreased after gene silencing. Furthermore, the NFAT protein expression level was significantly down-regulated. In addition, the levels of IFN-γ and IL-6 in the cell culture supernatant were significantly decreased. CONCLUSION Both Kv1.3 and KCa3.1 potassium channels activated T lymphocytes and enhanced the cytokine secretion possibly through CaN/NFAT signaling pathway, which may in turn induce micro-inflammatory responses and trigger the occurrence and progression of hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Dai
- Department of Nephrology, Renal Disease Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China
| | - Meng Tan
- Heart Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China
| | - Xiaopan Meng
- Heart Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China
| | - Jian Dong
- Heart Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China
| | - Yuanming Zhang
- Oncology Cardiology Department, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
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Colombari DSA, Sumners C, Elsaafien K. Editorial: The neuroendocrine, autonomic and neuroinflammatory stress axes in cardiometabolic disease. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1293219. [PMID: 37817982 PMCID: PMC10561380 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1293219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/12/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Débora S. A. Colombari
- Department of Physiology and Pathology, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University, Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Colin Sumners
- Department of Physiology and Aging, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
- Centre for Integrative Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
- Evelyn F. and William L. McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Khalid Elsaafien
- The Neuroscience Institute, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, United States
- Centre for Neuroinflammation and Cardiometabolic Diseases, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, United States
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Lima TS. Beyond an inflammatory mediator: Interleukin-1 in neurophysiology. Exp Physiol 2023; 108:917-924. [PMID: 37031383 PMCID: PMC10988528 DOI: 10.1113/ep090780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/10/2023]
Abstract
NEW FINDINGS What is the topic of this review? This review focuses on the physiological role of the cytokine interleukin-1β in the CNS. What advances does it highlight? Traditionally, interleukin-1β is known as a key mediator of inflammation and immunity. This review highlights the more recent findings describing how interleukin-1β signalling is required to maintain homeostasis in the CNS. ABSTRACT Since its discovery in the early 1940s, the interleukin-1 (IL-1) cytokine family has been associated primarily with acute and chronic inflammation. The family member IL-1β is produced by different leucocytes, endothelial cells and epithelial cells. This cytokine has been characterized as a key modulator of inflammation and innate immunity because it induces the transcription of several downstream inflammatory genes. More recently, several groups have demonstrated that IL-1β production is also required to maintain homeostasis in several organ systems. This review focuses on providing an overview of the more recently characterized role of IL-1β in the physiology of the CNS. So far, IL-1β signalling has been implicated in neuronal survival, neurite growth, synaptic pruning, synaptic transmission, neuroplasticity and neuroendocrine functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatiane S. Lima
- Department of Biological SciencesCalifornia State Polytechnic UniversityPomonaCaliforniaUSA
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Martin BE, Taylor EB, Attipoe EM, Wu W, Stec DE, Showmaker KC, Garrett MR. Sex and molecular differences in cardiovascular parameters at peak influenza disease in mice. Physiol Genomics 2023; 55:79-89. [PMID: 36645670 PMCID: PMC9925171 DOI: 10.1152/physiolgenomics.00146.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Revised: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
There is a growing interest in the detection of subtle changes in cardiovascular physiology in response to viral infection to develop better disease surveillance strategies. This is not only important for earlier diagnosis and better prognosis of symptomatic carriers but also useful to diagnose asymptomatic carriers of the virus. Previous studies provide strong evidence of an association between inflammatory biomarker levels and both blood pressure (BP) and heart rate (HR) during infection. The identification of novel biomarkers during an inflammatory event could significantly improve predictions for cardiovascular events. Thus, we evaluated changes in cardiovascular physiology induced in A/Puerto Rico/8/34 (PR8) influenza infections in female and male C57BL/6J mice and compared them with the traditional method of influenza disease detection using body weight (BW). Using radiotelemetry, changes in BP, HR, and activity were studied. Change in BW of infected females was significantly decreased from 5 to 13 days postinfection (dpi), yet alterations in normal physiology including loss of diurnal rhythm and reduced activity was observed starting at about 3 dpi for HR and 4 dpi for activity and BP; continuing until about 13 dpi. In contrast, males had significantly decreased BW 8 to 12 dpi and demonstrated altered physiological measurements for a shorter period compared with females with a reduction starting at 5 dpi for activity, 6 dpi for BP, and 7 dpi for HR until about 12 dpi, 10 dpi, and 9 dpi, respectively. Finally, females and males exhibited different patterns of inflammatory maker expression in lungs at peak disease by analyzing bulk RNA-sequencing data for lungs and Bio-plex cytokine assay for blood collected from influenza-infected and naïve C57BL/6J female and male mice at 7 dpi. In total, this study provides insight into cardiovascular changes and molecular markers to distinguish sex differences in peak disease caused by influenza virus infection.NEW & NOTEWORTHY This study performed longitudinal cardiovascular measurements of influenza viral infection and identified sex difference in both physiological and molecular markers at peak disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brigitte E Martin
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi
| | - Erin B Taylor
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi
| | - Esinam M Attipoe
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi
| | - Wenjie Wu
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi
| | - David E Stec
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi
| | | | - Michael R Garrett
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi
- Division of Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi
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Sanchez-Sanchez JL, Giudici KV, Guyonnet S, Delrieu J, Li Y, Bateman RJ, Parini A, Vellas B, de Souto Barreto P, Vellas B, Guyonnet S, Carrié I, Brigitte L, Faisant C, Lala F, Delrieu J, Villars H, Combrouze E, Badufle C, Zueras A, Andrieu S, Cantet C, Morin C, Van Kan GA, Dupuy C, Rolland Y, Caillaud C, Ousset PJ, Lala F, Willis S, Belleville S, Gilbert B, Fontaine F, Dartigues JF, Marcet I, Delva F, Foubert A, Cerda S, Marie-Noëlle-Cuffi, Costes C, Rouaud O, Manckoundia P, Quipourt V, Marilier S, Franon E, Bories L, Pader ML, Basset MF, Lapoujade B, Faure V, Tong MLY, Malick-Loiseau C, Cazaban-Campistron E, Desclaux F, Blatge C, Dantoine T, Laubarie-Mouret C, Saulnier I, Clément JP, Picat MA, Bernard-Bourzeix L, Willebois S, Désormais I, Cardinaud N, Bonnefoy M, Livet P, Rebaudet P, Gédéon C, Burdet C, Terracol F, Pesce A, Roth S, Chaillou S, Louchart S, Sudres K, Lebrun N, Barro-Belaygues N, Touchon J, Bennys K, Gabelle A, Romano A, Touati L, Marelli C, Pays C, Robert P, Le Duff F, Gervais C, Gonfrier S, Gasnier Y, Bordes S, Begorre D, Carpuat C, Khales K, Lefebvre JF, El Idrissi SM, Skolil P, Salles JP, Dufouil C, Lehéricy S, Chupin M, Mangin JF, Bouhayia A, Allard M, Ricolfi F, Dubois D, Martel MPB, Cotton F, Bonafé A, Chanalet S, Hugon F, Bonneville F, Cognard C, Chollet F, Payoux P, Voisin T, Peiffer S, Hitzel A, Zanca M, Monteil J, Darcourt J, Molinier L, Derumeaux H, Costa N, Perret B, Vinel C, Caspar-Bauguil S, Olivier-Abbal P, Coley N. Plasma MCP-1 and changes on cognitive function in community-dwelling older adults. Alzheimers Res Ther 2022; 14:5. [PMID: 34996522 PMCID: PMC8742409 DOI: 10.1186/s13195-021-00940-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Background Monocyte Chemoattractant Protein-1 (MCP-1), a glial-derived chemokine, mediates neuroinflammation and may regulate memory outcomes among older adults. We aimed to explore the associations of plasma MCP-1 levels (alone and in combination with β-amyloid deposition—Aβ42/40) with overall and domain-specific cognitive evolution among older adults. Methods Secondary analyses including 1097 subjects (mean age = 75.3 years ± 4.4; 63.8% women) from the Multidomain Alzheimer Preventive Trial (MAPT). MCP-1 (higher is worse) and Aβ42/40 (lower is worse) were measured in plasma collected at year 1. MCP-1 in continuous and as a dichotomy (values in the highest quartile (MCP-1+)) were used, as well as a dichotomy of Aβ42/40. Outcomes were measured annually over 4 years and included the following: cognitive composite z-score (CCS), the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), and Clinical Dementia Rating (CDR) sum of boxes (overall cognitive function); composite executive function z-score, composite attention z-score, Free and Cued Selective Reminding Test (FCSRT - memory). Results Plasma MCP-1 as a continuous variable was associated with the worsening of episodic memory over 4 years of follow-up, specifically in measures of free and cued delayed recall. MCP-1+ was associated with worse evolution in the CCS (4-year between-group difference: β = −0.14, 95%CI = −0.26, −0.02) and the CDR sum of boxes (2-year: β = 0.19, 95%CI = 0.06, 0.32). In domain-specific analyses, MCP-1+ was associated with declines in the FCSRT delayed recall sub-domains. In the presence of low Aβ42/40, MCP-1+ was not associated with greater declines in cognitive functions. The interaction with continuous biomarker values Aβ42/40× MCP-1 × time was significant in models with CDR sum of boxes and FCSRT DTR as dependent variables. Conclusions Baseline plasma MCP-1 levels were associated with longitudinal declines in overall cognitive and episodic memory performance in older adults over a 4-year follow-up. How plasma MCP-1 interacts with Aβ42/40 to determine cognitive decline at different stages of cognitive decline/dementia should be clarified by further research. The MCP-1 association on cognitive decline was strongest in those with amyloid plaques, as measured by blood plasma Aβ42/40. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13195-021-00940-2.
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Huang C, Rosencrans RF, Bugescu R, Vieira CP, Hu P, Adu-Agyeiwaah Y, Gamble KL, Longhini ALF, Fuller PM, Leinninger GM, Grant MB. Depleting hypothalamic somatostatinergic neurons recapitulates diabetic phenotypes in mouse brain, bone marrow, adipose and retina. Diabetologia 2021; 64:2575-2588. [PMID: 34430981 PMCID: PMC9004546 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-021-05549-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS Hypothalamic inflammation and sympathetic nervous system hyperactivity are hallmark features of the metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes. Hypothalamic inflammation may aggravate metabolic and immunological pathologies due to extensive sympathetic activation of peripheral tissues. Loss of somatostatinergic (SST) neurons may contribute to enhanced hypothalamic inflammation. METHODS The present data show that leptin receptor-deficient (db/db) mice exhibit reduced hypothalamic SST neurons, particularly in the periventricular nucleus. We model this finding, using adeno-associated virus delivery of diphtheria toxin subunit A (DTA) driven by an SST-cre system to deplete these neurons in Sstcre/gfp mice (SST-DTA). RESULTS SST-DTA mice exhibit enhanced hypothalamic c-Fos expression and brain inflammation as demonstrated by microglial and astrocytic activation. Bone marrow from SST-DTA mice undergoes skewed haematopoiesis, generating excess granulocyte-monocyte progenitors and increased proinflammatory (C-C chemokine receptor type 2; CCR2hi) monocytes. SST-DTA mice exhibited a 'diabetic retinopathy-like' phenotype: reduced visual function by optokinetic response (0.4 vs 0.25 cycles/degree; SST-DTA vs control mice); delayed electroretinogram oscillatory potentials; and increased percentages of retinal monocytes. Finally, mesenteric visceral adipose tissue from SST-DTA mice was resistant to catecholamine-induced lipolysis, displaying 50% reduction in isoprenaline (isoproterenol)-induced lipolysis compared with control littermates. Importantly, hyperglycaemia was not observed in SST-DTA mice. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION The isolated reduction in hypothalamic SST neurons was able to recapitulate several hallmark features of type 2 diabetes in disease-relevant tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Huang
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Robert F Rosencrans
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Raluca Bugescu
- Department of Physiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Cristiano P Vieira
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Ping Hu
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Yvonne Adu-Agyeiwaah
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Karen L Gamble
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurobehavioral Neurobiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Ana Leda F Longhini
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Patrick M Fuller
- Department of Neurology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Division of Sleep Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Gina M Leinninger
- Department of Physiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Maria B Grant
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.
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Santarcangelo EL, Carli G. Individual Traits and Pain Treatment: The Case of Hypnotizability. Front Neurosci 2021; 15:683045. [PMID: 34149351 PMCID: PMC8206467 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2021.683045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Enrica Laura Santarcangelo
- Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Giancarlo Carli
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
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de Graaff P, Berrevoets C, Rӧsch C, Schols HA, Verhoef K, Wichers HJ, Debets R, Govers C. Curdlan, zymosan and a yeast-derived β-glucan reshape tumor-associated macrophages into producers of inflammatory chemo-attractants. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2021; 70:547-561. [PMID: 32860527 PMCID: PMC7889676 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-020-02707-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2020] [Accepted: 08/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Anti-cancer T-cell responses are often halted due to the immune-suppressive micro-environment, in part related to tumor-associated macrophages. In the current study, we assessed indigestible β-glucans (oatβG, curdlan, grifolan, schizophyllan, lentinan, yeast whole glucan particles (yWGP), zymosan and two additional yeast-derived β-glucans a and b) for their physicochemical properties as well as their effects on the plasticity of human monocyte-derived macrophages that were polarized with IL-4 to immune-suppressive macrophages. Beta-glucans were LPS/LTA free, and tested for solubility, molecular masses, protein and monosaccharide contents. Curdlan, yeast-b and zymosan re-polarized M(IL-4) macrophages towards an M1-like phenotype, in particular showing enhanced gene expression of CCR7, ICAM1 and CD80, and secretion of TNF-α and IL-6. Notably, differential gene expression, pathway analysis as well as protein expressions demonstrated that M(IL-4) macrophages treated with curdlan, yeast-b or zymosan demonstrated enhanced production of chemo-attractants, such as CCL3, CCL4, and CXCL8, which contribute to recruitment of monocytes and neutrophils. The secretion of chemo-attractants was confirmed when using patient-derived melanoma-infiltrating immune cells. Taken together, the bacterial-derived curdlan as well as the yeast-derived β-glucans yeast-b and zymosan have the unique ability to preferentially skew macrophages towards a chemo-attractant-producing phenotype that may aid in anti-cancer immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priscilla de Graaff
- Laboratory of Tumor Immunology, Department of Medical Oncology, Erasmus MC-Cancer Institute, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
- Wageningen Food and Biobased Research, Wageningen UR, Wageningen, The Netherlands.
| | - Cor Berrevoets
- Laboratory of Tumor Immunology, Department of Medical Oncology, Erasmus MC-Cancer Institute, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Christiane Rӧsch
- Laboratory of Food Chemistry, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Henk A Schols
- Laboratory of Food Chemistry, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Kees Verhoef
- Department of General Surgery, Erasmus MC-Cancer Institute, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Harry J Wichers
- Wageningen Food and Biobased Research, Wageningen UR, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Reno Debets
- Laboratory of Tumor Immunology, Department of Medical Oncology, Erasmus MC-Cancer Institute, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Coen Govers
- Wageningen Food and Biobased Research, Wageningen UR, Wageningen, The Netherlands.
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Wu Q, Chen Y, Zhang W, Song S, Xu Z, Zhang H, Liu L, Sun J. Upregulation of Chemokines in the Paraventricular Nucleus of the Hypothalamus in Rats with Stress-Induced Hypertension. Med Sci Monit 2020; 26:e926807. [PMID: 33199674 PMCID: PMC7680658 DOI: 10.12659/msm.926807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The neuroinflammation of paraventricular nucleus (PVN) of the hypothalamus has been implicated in the development of hypertension. The promoted invasion of peripheral immune cells into PVN may be attributed to the upregulation of chemokines, then exacerbating neuroinflammation. We studied the expressions of chemokines, activation of microglial cells, and inflammatory mediators in PVN of rats with stress-induced hypertension (SIH). Material/Methods SIH was induced by electrical foot shock combined with noise for 2 h twice a day, at an interval of 4 h for 14 consecutive days. At the end of the 14th day, fresh PVN tissues were collected to measure the expressions of chemokines using the RayBiotech antibody array. Results We are the first to report that the expression of CXCL7 was extremely high in PVN of control rats, and was significantly lower in SIH rats. The expressions of CCL2 and CX3CL1 in PVN of SIH rats significantly exceeded those of control rats. The numbers of CX3CR1 (receptor of CX3CL1)-immunostained cells and oxycocin-42 (OX-42, marker of microglia)-positive cells increased in PVN of the SIH rats. The stress enhanced the protein expressions of proinflammatory cytokines IL-6 and IL-17 and reduced those of anti-inflammatory cytokines TGF-β and IL-10 in PVN. Conclusions In PVN of SIH rats, chronic stress induced neuroinflammation characterized by the activated microglia and upregulated proinflammatory cytokines. Expressions of chemokines CXCL7, CX3CL1, and CCL2 were altered. The causal link of chemokines to PVN neuroinflammation and hypertension remain to be determined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Wu
- Medical College, Jiangsu Vocational College of Medicine, Yancheng, Jiangsu, China (mainland)
| | - Yuping Chen
- Basic Medical Science, Jiangsu Vocational College of Medicine, Yancheng, Jiangsu, China (mainland)
| | - Wenying Zhang
- Department of Science and Technology, Jiangsu Vocational College of Medicine, Yancheng, Jiangsu, China (mainland)
| | - Siyuan Song
- Department of Science and Technology, Jiangsu Vocational College of Medicine, Yancheng, Jiangsu, China (mainland)
| | - Ziyang Xu
- Department of Science and Technology, Jiangsu Vocational College of Medicine, Yancheng, Jiangsu, China (mainland)
| | - Hong Zhang
- College of Medical Technology, Jiangsu Vocational College of Medicine, Yancheng, Jiangsu, China (mainland)
| | - Liping Liu
- College of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Vocational College of Medicine, Yancheng, Jiangsu, China (mainland)
| | - Jihu Sun
- Department of Science and Technology, Jiangsu Vocational College of Medicine, Yancheng, Jiangsu, China (mainland)
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Elsaafien K, de Kloet AD, Krause EG, Sumners C. Brain Angiotensin Type-1 and Type-2 Receptors in Physiological and Hypertensive Conditions: Focus on Neuroinflammation. Curr Hypertens Rep 2020; 22:48. [PMID: 32661792 PMCID: PMC7780348 DOI: 10.1007/s11906-020-01062-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW To review recent data that suggest opposing effects of brain angiotensin type-1 (AT1R) and type-2 (AT2R) receptors on blood pressure (BP). Here, we discuss recent studies that suggest pro-hypertensive and pro-inflammatory actions of AT1R and anti-hypertensive and anti-inflammatory actions of AT2R. Further, we propose mechanisms for the interplay between brain angiotensin receptors and neuroinflammation in hypertension. RECENT FINDINGS The renin-angiotensin system (RAS) plays an important role in regulating cardiovascular physiology. This includes brain AT1R and AT2R, both of which are expressed in or adjacent to brain regions that control BP. Activation of AT1R within those brain regions mediate increases in BP and cause neuroinflammation, which augments the BP increase in hypertension. The fact that AT1R and AT2R have opposing actions on BP suggests that AT1R and AT2R may have similar opposing actions on neuroinflammation. However, the mechanisms by which brain AT1R and AT2R mediate neuroinflammatory responses remain unclear. The interplay between brain angiotensin receptor subtypes and neuroinflammation exacerbates or protects against hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khalid Elsaafien
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, University of Florida College of Pharmacy, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Annette D de Kloet
- Department of Physiology and Functional Genomics, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
- Center for Integrative Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
- Evelyn F. and William L. McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Eric G Krause
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, University of Florida College of Pharmacy, Gainesville, FL, USA
- Center for Integrative Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
- Evelyn F. and William L. McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Colin Sumners
- Department of Physiology and Functional Genomics, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.
- Center for Integrative Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.
- Evelyn F. and William L. McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.
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11
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Joly-Amado A, Hunter J, Quadri Z, Zamudio F, Rocha-Rangel PV, Chan D, Kesarwani A, Nash K, Lee DC, Morgan D, Gordon MN, Selenica MLB. CCL2 Overexpression in the Brain Promotes Glial Activation and Accelerates Tau Pathology in a Mouse Model of Tauopathy. Front Immunol 2020; 11:997. [PMID: 32508844 PMCID: PMC7251073 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.00997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2019] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Innate immune activation is a major contributor to Alzheimer's Disease (AD) pathophysiology, although the mechanisms involved are poorly understood. Chemokine C-C motif ligand (CCL) 2 is produced by neurons and glial cells and is upregulated in the AD brain. Transgene expression of CCL2 in mouse models of amyloidosis produces microglia-induced amyloid β oligomerization, a strong indication of the role of these activation pathways in the amyloidogenic processes of AD. We have previously shown that CCL2 polarizes microglia in wild type mice. However, how CCL2 signaling contributes to tau pathogenesis remains unknown. To address this question, CCL2 was delivered via recombinant adeno-associated virus serotype 9 into both cortex and hippocampus of a mouse model with tau pathology (rTg4510). We report that CCL2 overexpression aggravated tau pathology in rTg4510 as shown by the increase in Gallyas stained neurofibrillary tangles as well as phosphorylated tau-positive inclusions. In addition, biochemical analysis showed a reduction in the levels of detergent-soluble tau species followed by increase in the insoluble fraction, indicating a shift toward larger tau aggregates. Indeed, increased levels of high molecular weight species of phosphorylated tau were found in the mice injected with CCL2. We also report that worsening of tau pathology following CCL2 overexpression was accompanied by a distinct inflammatory response. We report an increase in leukocyte common antigen (CD45) and Cluster of differentiation 68 (CD68) expression in the brain of rTg4510 mice without altering the expression levels of a cell-surface protein Transmembrane Protein 119 (Tmem119) and ionized calcium-binding adaptor molecule 1 (Iba-1) in resident microglia. Furthermore, the analysis of cytokines in brain extract showed a significant increase in interleukin (IL)-6 and CCL3, while CCL5 levels were decreased in CCL2 mice. No changes were observed in IL-1α, IL-1β, TNF-α. IL-4, Vascular endothelial growth factor-VEGF, IL-13 and CCL11. Taken together our data report for the first time that overexpression of CCL2 promotes the increase of pathogenic tau species and is associated with glial neuroinflammatory changes that are deleterious. We propose that these events may contribute to the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease and other tauopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aurelie Joly-Amado
- Molecular Pharmacology and Physiology, College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, United States
| | - Jordan Hunter
- Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, United States
| | - Zainuddin Quadri
- Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, United States
| | - Frank Zamudio
- Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, United States
| | - Patricia V Rocha-Rangel
- Michigan State University, Department of Translational Neuroscience, Grand Rapids, MI, United States
| | - Deanna Chan
- Molecular Pharmacology and Physiology, College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, United States
| | - Anisha Kesarwani
- Molecular Pharmacology and Physiology, College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, United States
| | - Kevin Nash
- Molecular Pharmacology and Physiology, College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, United States
| | - Daniel C Lee
- Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, United States
| | - Dave Morgan
- Michigan State University, Department of Translational Neuroscience, Grand Rapids, MI, United States
| | - Marcia N Gordon
- Michigan State University, Department of Translational Neuroscience, Grand Rapids, MI, United States
| | - Maj-Linda B Selenica
- Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, United States.,Sanders-Brown Center on Aging, Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States
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