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Perez-Gil J, Behrendorff J, Douw A, Vickers CE. The methylerythritol phosphate pathway as an oxidative stress sense and response system. Nat Commun 2024; 15:5303. [PMID: 38906898 PMCID: PMC11192765 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-49483-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 06/23/2024] Open
Abstract
The methylerythritol phosphate (MEP) pathway is responsible for biosynthesis of the precursors of isoprenoid compounds in eubacteria and plastids. It is a metabolic alternative to the well-known mevalonate pathway for isoprenoid production found in archaea and eukaryotes. Recently, a role for the MEP pathway in oxidative stress detection, signalling, and response has been identified. This role is executed in part through the unusual cyclic intermediate, methylerythritol cyclodiphosphate (MEcDP). We postulate that this response is triggered through the oxygen sensitivity of the MEP pathway's terminal iron-sulfur (Fe-S) cluster enzymes. MEcDP is the substrate of IspG, the first Fe-S cluster enzyme in the pathway; it accumulates under oxidative stress conditions and acts as a signalling molecule. It may also act as an antioxidant. Furthermore, evidence is emerging for a broader and highly nuanced role of the MEP pathway in oxidative stress responses, implemented through a complex system of differential regulation and sensitivity at numerous nodes in the pathway. Here, we explore the evidence for such a role (including the contribution of the Fe-S cluster enzymes and different pathway metabolites, especially MEcDP), the evolutionary implications, and the many questions remaining about the behaviour of the MEP pathway in the presence of oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordi Perez-Gil
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Synthetic Biology, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, 4000, Australia
- Centre for Agriculture and the Bioeconomy, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, 4000, Australia
- School of Environmental and Biological Science, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, 4001, Australia
| | - James Behrendorff
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Synthetic Biology, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, 4000, Australia
- Centre for Agriculture and the Bioeconomy, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, 4000, Australia
- School of Environmental and Biological Science, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, 4001, Australia
| | - Andrew Douw
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Synthetic Biology, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, 4000, Australia
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - Claudia E Vickers
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Synthetic Biology, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, 4000, Australia.
- Centre for Agriculture and the Bioeconomy, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, 4000, Australia.
- School of Environmental and Biological Science, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, 4001, Australia.
- BioBuilt Solutions, Corinda, QLD, 4075, Australia.
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Nowroz F, Hasanuzzaman M, Siddika A, Parvin K, Caparros PG, Nahar K, Prasad PV. Elevated tropospheric ozone and crop production: potential negative effects and plant defense mechanisms. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 14:1244515. [PMID: 38264020 PMCID: PMC10803661 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1244515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
Ozone (O3) levels on Earth are increasing because of anthropogenic activities and natural processes. Ozone enters plants through the leaves, leading to the overgeneration of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the mesophyll and guard cell walls. ROS can damage chloroplast ultrastructure and block photosynthetic electron transport. Ozone can lead to stomatal closure and alter stomatal conductance, thereby hindering carbon dioxide (CO2) fixation. Ozone-induced leaf chlorosis is common. All of these factors lead to a reduction in photosynthesis under O3 stress. Long-term exposure to high concentrations of O3 disrupts plant physiological processes, including water and nutrient uptake, respiration, and translocation of assimilates and metabolites. As a result, plant growth and reproductive performance are negatively affected. Thus, reduction in crop yield and deterioration of crop quality are the greatest effects of O3 stress on plants. Increased rates of hydrogen peroxide accumulation, lipid peroxidation, and ion leakage are the common indicators of oxidative damage in plants exposed to O3 stress. Ozone disrupts the antioxidant defense system of plants by disturbing enzymatic activity and non-enzymatic antioxidant content. Improving photosynthetic pathways, various physiological processes, antioxidant defense, and phytohormone regulation, which can be achieved through various approaches, have been reported as vital strategies for improving O3 stress tolerance in plants. In plants, O3 stress can be mitigated in several ways. However, improvements in crop management practices, CO2 fertilization, using chemical elicitors, nutrient management, and the selection of tolerant crop varieties have been documented to mitigate O3 stress in different plant species. In this review, the responses of O3-exposed plants are summarized, and different mitigation strategies to decrease O3 stress-induced damage and crop losses are discussed. Further research should be conducted to determine methods to mitigate crop loss, enhance plant antioxidant defenses, modify physiological characteristics, and apply protectants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farzana Nowroz
- Department of Agronomy, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Mirza Hasanuzzaman
- Department of Agronomy, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Ayesha Siddika
- Department of Agronomy, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Khursheda Parvin
- Department of Horticulture, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Pedro Garcia Caparros
- Agronomy Department of Superior School Engineering, University of Almería, Almería, Spain
| | - Kamrun Nahar
- Department of Agricultural Botany, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - P.V. Vara Prasad
- Department of Agronomy, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, United States
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Gawroński P, Burdiak P, Scharff LB, Mielecki J, Górecka M, Zaborowska M, Leister D, Waszczak C, Karpiński S. CIA2 and CIA2-LIKE are required for optimal photosynthesis and stress responses in Arabidopsis thaliana. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2021; 105:619-638. [PMID: 33119927 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.15058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2019] [Revised: 10/05/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Chloroplast-to-nucleus retrograde signaling is essential for cell function, acclimation to fluctuating environmental conditions, plant growth and development. The vast majority of chloroplast proteins are nuclear-encoded, and must be imported into the organelle after synthesis in the cytoplasm. This import is essential for the development of fully functional chloroplasts. On the other hand, functional chloroplasts act as sensors of environmental changes and can trigger acclimatory responses that influence nuclear gene expression. Signaling via mobile transcription factors (TFs) has been recently recognized as a way of communication between organelles and the nucleus. In this study, we performed a targeted reverse genetic screen to identify dual-localized TFs involved in chloroplast retrograde signaling during stress responses. We found that CHLOROPLAST IMPORT APPARATUS 2 (CIA2) has a functional plastid transit peptide, and can be located both in chloroplasts and the nucleus. Further, we found that CIA2, along with its homolog CIA2-like (CIL) are involved in the regulation of Arabidopsis responses to UV-AB, high light and heat shock. Finally, our results suggest that both CIA2 and CIL are crucial for chloroplast translation. Our results contribute to a deeper understanding of signaling events in the chloroplast-nucleus cross-talk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piotr Gawroński
- Department of Plant Genetics, Breeding, and Biotechnology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Warsaw, 02-776, Poland
| | - Paweł Burdiak
- Department of Plant Genetics, Breeding, and Biotechnology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Warsaw, 02-776, Poland
| | - Lars B Scharff
- Copenhagen Plant Science Center, Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg C, 1871, Denmark
| | - Jakub Mielecki
- Department of Plant Genetics, Breeding, and Biotechnology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Warsaw, 02-776, Poland
| | - Magdalena Górecka
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Pawińskiego 5a, Warsaw, 02-106, Poland
| | - Magdalena Zaborowska
- Department of Plant Genetics, Breeding, and Biotechnology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Warsaw, 02-776, Poland
| | - Dario Leister
- Plant Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Großhadernerstraße 2-4, Planegg-Martinsried, 82152, Germany
| | - Cezary Waszczak
- Organismal and Evolutionary Biology Research Programme, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, and Viikki Plant Science Centre, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, 00014, Finland
| | - Stanisław Karpiński
- Department of Plant Genetics, Breeding, and Biotechnology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Warsaw, 02-776, Poland
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Bhattacharya O, Ortiz I, Walling LL. Methodology: an optimized, high-yield tomato leaf chloroplast isolation and stroma extraction protocol for proteomics analyses and identification of chloroplast co-localizing proteins. PLANT METHODS 2020; 16:131. [PMID: 32983250 PMCID: PMC7513546 DOI: 10.1186/s13007-020-00667-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2020] [Accepted: 09/04/2020] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chloroplasts are critical organelles that perceive and convey metabolic and stress signals to different cellular components, while remaining the seat of photosynthesis and a metabolic factory. The proteomes of intact leaves, chloroplasts, and suborganellar fractions of plastids have been evaluated in the model plant Arabidopsis, however fewer studies have characterized the proteomes of plastids in crops. Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) is an important world-wide crop and a model system for the study of wounding, herbivory and fruit ripening. While significant advances have been made in understanding proteome and metabolome changes in fruit ripening, far less is known about the tomato chloroplast proteome or its subcompartments. RESULTS With the long-term goal of understanding chloroplast proteome dynamics in response to stress, we describe a high-yielding method to isolate intact tomato chloroplasts and stromal proteins for proteomic studies. The parameters that limit tomato chloroplast yields were identified and revised to increase yields. Compared to published data, our optimized method increased chloroplast yields by 6.7- and 4.3-fold relative to published spinach and Arabidopsis leaf protocols, respectively; furthermore, tomato stromal protein yields were up to 79-fold higher than Arabidopsis stromal proteins yields. We provide immunoblot evidence for the purity of the stromal proteome isolated using our enhanced methods. In addition, we leverage our nanoliquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (nanoLC-MS/MS) data to assess the quality of our stromal proteome. Using strict criteria, proteins detected by 1 peptide spectral match, by one peptide, or were sporadically detected were designated as low-level contaminating proteins. A set of 254 proteins that reproducibly co-isolated with the tomato chloroplast stroma were identified. The subcellular localization, frequency of detection, normalized spectral abundance, and functions of the co-isolating proteins are discussed. CONCLUSIONS Our optimized method for chloroplast isolation increased the yields of tomato chloroplasts eightfold enabling the proteomics analysis of the chloroplast stromal proteome. The set of 254 proteins that co-isolate with the chloroplast stroma provides opportunities for developing a better understanding of the extensive and dynamic interactions of chloroplasts with other organelles. These co-isolating proteins also have the potential for expanding our knowledge of proteins that are co-localized in multiple subcellular organelles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oindrila Bhattacharya
- Department of Botany and Plant Sciences, Center for Plant Cell Biology, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521 USA
| | - Irma Ortiz
- Department of Botany and Plant Sciences, Center for Plant Cell Biology, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521 USA
| | - Linda L. Walling
- Department of Botany and Plant Sciences, Center for Plant Cell Biology, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521 USA
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Robe K, Gao F, Bonillo P, Tissot N, Gaymard F, Fourcroy P, Izquierdo E, Dubos C. Sulphur availability modulates Arabidopsis thaliana responses to iron deficiency. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0237998. [PMID: 32817691 PMCID: PMC7440645 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0237998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2020] [Accepted: 08/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Among the mineral nutrients that are required for plant metabolism, iron (Fe) and sulphur (S) play a central role as both elements are needed for the activity of several proteins involved in essential cellular processes. A combination of physiological, biochemical and molecular approaches was employed to investigate how S availability influences plant response to Fe deficiency, using the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana. We first observed that chlorosis symptom induced by Fe deficiency was less pronounced when S availability was scarce. We thus found that S deficiency inhibited the Fe deficiency induced expression of several genes associated with the maintenance of Fe homeostasis. This includes structural genes involved in Fe uptake (i.e. IRT1, FRO2, PDR9, NRAMP1) and transport (i.e. FRD3, NAS4) as well as a subset of their upstream regulators, namely BTS, PYE and the four clade Ib bHLH. Last, we found that the over accumulation of manganese (Mn) in response to Fe shortage was reduced under combined Fe and S deficiencies. These data suggest that S deficiency inhibits the Fe deficiency dependent induction of the Fe uptake machinery. This in turn limits the transport into the root and the plant body of potentially toxic divalent cations such as Mn and Zn, thus limiting the deleterious effect of Fe deprivation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Robe
- BPMP, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, INRAE, Institut Agro, Montpellier, France
| | - Fei Gao
- BPMP, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, INRAE, Institut Agro, Montpellier, France
| | - Pauline Bonillo
- BPMP, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, INRAE, Institut Agro, Montpellier, France
| | - Nicolas Tissot
- BPMP, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, INRAE, Institut Agro, Montpellier, France
| | - Frédéric Gaymard
- BPMP, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, INRAE, Institut Agro, Montpellier, France
| | - Pierre Fourcroy
- BPMP, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, INRAE, Institut Agro, Montpellier, France
| | - Esther Izquierdo
- BPMP, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, INRAE, Institut Agro, Montpellier, France
| | - Christian Dubos
- BPMP, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, INRAE, Institut Agro, Montpellier, France
- * E-mail:
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Beaugelin I, Chevalier A, D'Alessandro S, Ksas B, Havaux M. Endoplasmic reticulum-mediated unfolded protein response is an integral part of singlet oxygen signalling in plants. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2020; 102:1266-1280. [PMID: 31975462 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.14700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2019] [Revised: 01/07/2020] [Accepted: 01/13/2020] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Singlet oxygen (1 O2 ) is a by-product of photosynthesis that triggers a signalling pathway leading to stress acclimation or to cell death. By analyzing gene expressions in a 1 O2 -overproducing Arabidopsis mutant (ch1) under different light regimes, we show here that the 1 O2 signalling pathway involves the endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-mediated unfolded protein response (UPR). ch1 plants in low light exhibited a moderate activation of UPR genes, in particular bZIP60, and low concentrations of the UPR-inducer tunicamycin enhanced tolerance to photooxidative stress, together suggesting a role for UPR in plant acclimation to low 1 O2 levels. Exposure of ch1 to high light stress ultimately leading to cell death resulted in a marked upregulation of the two UPR branches (bZIP60/IRE1 and bZIP28/bZIP17). Accordingly, mutational suppression of bZIP60 and bZIP28 increased plant phototolerance, and a strong UPR activation by high tunicamycin concentrations promoted high light-induced cell death. Conversely, light acclimation of ch1 to 1 O2 stress put a limitation in the high light-induced expression of UPR genes, except for the gene encoding the BIP3 chaperone, which was selectively upregulated. BIP3 deletion enhanced Arabidopsis photosensitivity while plants treated with a chemical chaperone exhibited enhanced phototolerance. In conclusion, 1 O2 induces the ER-mediated UPR response that fulfils a dual role in high light stress: a moderate UPR, with selective induction of BIP3, is part of the acclimatory response to 1 O2 , and a strong activation of the whole UPR is associated with cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inès Beaugelin
- Aix-Marseille University, CNRS, CEA, 13108, Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, France
| | - Anne Chevalier
- Aix-Marseille University, CNRS, CEA, 13108, Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, France
| | | | - Brigitte Ksas
- Aix-Marseille University, CNRS, CEA, 13108, Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, France
| | - Michel Havaux
- Aix-Marseille University, CNRS, CEA, 13108, Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, France
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7
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Unal D, García-Caparrós P, Kumar V, Dietz KJ. Chloroplast-associated molecular patterns as concept for fine-tuned operational retrograde signalling. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2020; 375:20190443. [PMID: 32362264 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2019.0443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Chloroplasts compose about one-quarter of the mesophyll cell volume and contain about 60% of the cell protein. Photosynthetic carbon assimilation is the dominating metabolism in illuminated leaves. To optimize the resource expenditure in these costly organelles and to control and adjust chloroplast metabolism, an intensive transfer of information between nucleus-cytoplasm and chloroplasts occurs in both directions as anterograde and retrograde signalling. Recent research identified multiple retrograde pathways that use metabolite transfer and include reaction products of lipids and carotenoids with reactive oxygen species (ROS). Other pathways use metabolites of carbon, sulfur and nitrogen metabolism, low molecular weight antioxidants and hormone precursors to carry information between the cell compartments. This review focuses on redox- and ROS-related retrograde signalling pathways. In analogy to the microbe-associated molecular pattern, we propose the term 'chloroplast-associated molecular pattern' which connects chloroplast performance to extrachloroplast processes such as nuclear gene transcription, posttranscriptional processing, including translation, and RNA and protein fate. This article is part of the theme issue 'Retrograde signalling from endosymbiotic organelles'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dilek Unal
- Biochemistry and Physiology of Plants, Bielefeld University, 33501 Bielefeld, Germany.,Molecular Biology and Genetic, Faculty of Science and Letter, Bilecik Seyh Edebali University, 11230 Bilecik, Turkey
| | - Pedro García-Caparrós
- Biochemistry and Physiology of Plants, Bielefeld University, 33501 Bielefeld, Germany.,Department of Agronomy, University of Almeria, Higher Engineering School, Agrifood Campus of International Excellence ceiA3, Carretera de Sacramento s/n, La Cañada de San Urbano 04120, Almeria, Spain
| | - Vijay Kumar
- Biochemistry and Physiology of Plants, Bielefeld University, 33501 Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Karl-Josef Dietz
- Biochemistry and Physiology of Plants, Bielefeld University, 33501 Bielefeld, Germany
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8
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Hollis L, Ivanov AG, Hüner NPA. Chlorella vulgaris integrates photoperiod and chloroplast redox signals in response to growth at high light. PLANTA 2019; 249:1189-1205. [PMID: 30603788 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-018-03070-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2018] [Accepted: 12/17/2018] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Photoacclimation to variable light and photoperiod regimes in C. vulgaris represents a complex interplay between "biogenic" phytochrome-mediated sensing and "operational" redox sensing signaling pathways. Chlorella vulgaris Beijerinck UTEX 265 exhibits a yellow-green phenotype when grown under high light (HL) in contrast to a dark green phenotype when grown at low light (LL). The redox state of the photosynthetic electron transport chain (PETC) as estimated by excitation pressure has been proposed to govern this phenotypic response. We hypothesized that if the redox state of the PETC was the sole regulator of the HL phenotype, C. vulgaris should photoacclimate in response to the steady-state excitation pressure during the light period regardless of the length of the photoperiod. As expected, LL-grown cells exhibited a dark green phenotype, low excitation pressure (1 - qP = 0.22 ± 0.02), high chlorophyll (Chl) content (375 ± 77 fg Chl/cell), low Chl a/b ratio (2.97 ± 0.18) as well as high photosynthetic efficiency and photosynthetic capacity regardless of the photoperiod. In contrast, C. vulgaris grown under continuous HL developed a yellow-green phenotype characterized by high excitation pressure (1 - qP = 0.68 ± 0.01), a relatively low Chl content (180 ± 53 fg Chl/cell), high Chl a/b ratio (6.36 ± 0.54) with concomitantly reduced light-harvesting polypeptide abundance, as well as low photosynthetic capacity and efficiency measured on a per cell basis. Although cells grown under HL and an 18 h photoperiod developed a typical yellow-green phenotype, cells grown at HL but a 12 h photoperiod exhibited a dark green phenotype comparable to LL-grown cells despite exhibiting growth under high excitation pressure (1 - qP = 0.80 ± 0.04). The apparent uncoupling of excitation pressure and phenotype in HL-grown cells and a 12 h photoperiod indicates that chloroplast redox status cannot be the sole regulator of photoacclimation in C. vulgaris. We conclude that photoacclimation in C. vulgaris to HL is dependent upon growth history and reflects a complex interaction of endogenous systems that sense changes in photoperiod as well as photosynthetic redox balance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren Hollis
- Department of Biology and The Biotron Centre for Experimental Climate Change Research, University of Western Ontario, London, N6A 5B7, Canada
| | - Alexander G Ivanov
- Department of Biology and The Biotron Centre for Experimental Climate Change Research, University of Western Ontario, London, N6A 5B7, Canada
- Institute of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1113, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Norman P A Hüner
- Department of Biology and The Biotron Centre for Experimental Climate Change Research, University of Western Ontario, London, N6A 5B7, Canada.
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9
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Da Q, Wang P, Wang M, Sun T, Jin H, Liu B, Wang J, Grimm B, Wang HB. Thioredoxin and NADPH-Dependent Thioredoxin Reductase C Regulation of Tetrapyrrole Biosynthesis. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2017; 175:652-666. [PMID: 28827456 PMCID: PMC5619880 DOI: 10.1104/pp.16.01500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2017] [Accepted: 08/18/2017] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
In chloroplasts, thioredoxin (TRX) isoforms and NADPH-dependent thioredoxin reductase C (NTRC) act as redox regulatory factors involved in multiple plastid biogenesis and metabolic processes. To date, less is known about the functional coordination between TRXs and NTRC in chlorophyll biosynthesis. In this study, we aimed to explore the potential functions of TRX m and NTRC in the regulation of the tetrapyrrole biosynthesis (TBS) pathway. Silencing of three genes, TRX m1, TRX m2, and TRX m4 (TRX ms), led to pale-green leaves, a significantly reduced 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA)-synthesizing capacity, and reduced accumulation of chlorophyll and its metabolic intermediates in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana). The contents of ALA dehydratase, protoporphyrinogen IX oxidase, the I subunit of Mg-chelatase, Mg-protoporphyrin IX methyltransferase (CHLM), and NADPH-protochlorophyllide oxidoreductase were decreased in triple TRX m-silenced seedlings compared with the wild type, although the transcript levels of the corresponding genes were not altered significantly. Protein-protein interaction analyses revealed a physical interaction between the TRX m isoforms and CHLM. 4-Acetoamido-4-maleimidylstilbene-2,2-disulfonate labeling showed the regulatory impact of TRX ms on the CHLM redox status. Since CHLM also is regulated by NTRC (Richter et al., 2013), we assessed the concurrent functions of TRX m and NTRC in the control of CHLM. Combined deficiencies of three TRX m isoforms and NTRC led to a cumulative decrease in leaf pigmentation, TBS intermediate contents, ALA synthesis rate, and CHLM activity. We discuss the coordinated roles of TRX m and NTRC in the redox control of CHLM stability with its corollary activity in the TBS pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingen Da
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, 510275 Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Peng Wang
- Humboldt-University Berlin, Institute of Biology, Plant Physiology, 10115 Berlin, Germany
| | - Menglong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, 510275 Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Ting Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, 510275 Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Honglei Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, 510275 Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Bing Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, 510275 Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinfa Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, 510275 Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Bernhard Grimm
- Humboldt-University Berlin, Institute of Biology, Plant Physiology, 10115 Berlin, Germany
| | - Hong-Bin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, 510275 Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
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10
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García-Plazaola JI, Portillo-Estrada M, Fernández-Marín B, Kännaste A, Niinemets Ü. Emissions of carotenoid cleavage products upon heat shock and mechanical wounding from a foliose lichen. ENVIRONMENTAL AND EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2017; 133:87-97. [PMID: 29416188 PMCID: PMC5798582 DOI: 10.1016/j.envexpbot.2016.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Carotenoids constitute a major target of chloroplastic photooxidative reactions, leading to the formation of several oxidized derivatives and cleavage products, some of which are volatile (VCCPs). Among them, β-cyclocitral (β-CC), at least, is a retrograde signaling molecule that modulates the activity of many key physiological processes. In the present work, we aimed to study whether β-CC and other VCCPs are released into the atmosphere from photosynthetic tissues. To overcome stomatal limitations, the foliose chlorolichen Lobaria pulmonaria was used as the model system, and the emissions of biogenic volatiles, induced by heat and wounding stresses, were monitored by proton-transfer reaction time-of-flight mass-spectrometry (PTR-TOF-MS) and gas-chromatography (GC-MS). Prior to stress treatments, VCCPs were emitted constitutively, accounting for 1.3 % of the total volatile release, with β-CC being the most abundant VCCP. Heat and wounding stresses induced a burst of volatile release, including VCCPs, and a loss of carotenoids. Under heat stress, the production of β-CC correlated positively with temperature. However the enhancement of production of VCCPs was the lowest among all the groups of volatiles analyzed. Given that the rates of carotenoid loss were three orders of magnitude higher than the release rates of VCCPs and that these compounds only represent a minor fraction in the blend of volatiles, it seems unlikely that VCCPs might represent a global stress signal capable of diffusing through the atmosphere to different neighboring individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Ignacio García-Plazaola
- Department of Plant Biology and Ecology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), apdo 644, 48080 Bilbao, Spain
| | - Miguel Portillo-Estrada
- Research Centre of Excellence on Plant and Vegetation Ecology, Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, Wilrijk, B-2610, Belgium
- Department of Plant Physiology, Institute of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Estonian University of Life Sciences, Kreutzwaldi 1, Tartu, 51014, Estonia
| | - Beatriz Fernández-Marín
- Department of Plant Biology and Ecology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), apdo 644, 48080 Bilbao, Spain
- Institute of Botany, University of Innsbruck. Sternwartestraße 15, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Astrid Kännaste
- Department of Plant Physiology, Institute of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Estonian University of Life Sciences, Kreutzwaldi 1, Tartu, 51014, Estonia
| | - Ülo Niinemets
- Department of Plant Physiology, Institute of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Estonian University of Life Sciences, Kreutzwaldi 1, Tartu, 51014, Estonia
- Estonian Academy of Sciences, Kohtu 6, Tallinn, 10130, Estonia
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11
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Matsubara S, Schneider T, Maurino VG. Dissecting Long-Term Adjustments of Photoprotective and Photo-Oxidative Stress Acclimation Occurring in Dynamic Light Environments. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2016; 7:1690. [PMID: 27881991 PMCID: PMC5101218 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2016.01690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2016] [Accepted: 10/26/2016] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Changes in light intensity directly affect the performance of the photosynthetic apparatus. Light energy absorbed in excess of cells' needs leads to production of reactive oxygen species and photo-oxidative damage. Excess light in both constant and dynamic environments induces photoprotective acclimation in plants. Distinct sets of signals and regulatory mechanisms are involved in acclimatory adjustment of photoprotection and photosynthesis under constant and dynamic (fluctuating) light conditions. We are still far away from drawing a comprehensive picture of acclimatory signal transduction pathways, particularly in dynamic environments. In this perspective article, we propose the use of Arabidopsis plants that produce H2O2 in chloroplasts (GO plants) under atmospheric CO2 levels as a tool to study the mechanisms of long-term acclimation to photo-oxidative stress. In our opinion there are new avenues to future investigations on acclimatory adjustments and signal transduction occurring in plants under dynamic light environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shizue Matsubara
- IBG-2: Plant Sciences, Institute of Bio- and Geosciences, Forschungszentrum JülichJülich, Germany
| | - Trang Schneider
- IBG-2: Plant Sciences, Institute of Bio- and Geosciences, Forschungszentrum JülichJülich, Germany
- iGRAD-Plant, Heinrich-Heine-UniversitätDüsseldorf, Germany
| | - Veronica G. Maurino
- Institute of Developmental and Molecular Biology of Plants, Plant Molecular Physiology and Biotechnology Group, Heinrich-Heine-Universität and Cluster of Excellence on Plant SciencesDüsseldorf, Germany
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12
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Hüner NPA, Dahal K, Bode R, Kurepin LV, Ivanov AG. Photosynthetic acclimation, vernalization, crop productivity and 'the grand design of photosynthesis'. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2016; 203:29-43. [PMID: 27185597 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2016.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2016] [Revised: 04/22/2016] [Accepted: 04/22/2016] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Daniel Arnon first proposed the notion of a 'grand design of photosynthesis' in 1982 to illustrate the central role of photosynthesis as the primary energy transformer for all life on Earth. However, we suggest that this concept can be extended to the broad impact of photosynthesis not only in global energy transformation but also in the regulation of plant growth, development, survival and crop productivity through chloroplast redox signalling. We compare and contrast the role of chloroplast redox imbalance, measured as excitation pressure, in governing acclimation to abiotic stress and phenotypic plasticity. Although all photoautrophs sense excessive excitation energy through changes in excitation pressure, the response to this chloroplast redox signal is species dependent. Due to a limited capacity to adjust metabolic sinks, cyanobacteria and green algae induce photoprotective mechanisms which dissipate excess excitation energy at a cost of decreased photosynthetic performance. In contrast, terrestrial, cold tolerant plants such as wheat enhance metabolic sink capacity which leads to enhanced photosynthetic performance and biomass accumulation with minimal dependence on photoprotection. We suggest that the family of nuclear C-repeat binding transcription factors (CBFs) associated with the frost resistance locus, FR2, contiguous with the vernalization locus,VRN1, and mapped to chromosome 5A of wheat, may be critical components that link leaf chloroplast redox regulation to enhanced photosynthetic performance, the accumulation of growth-active gibberellins and the dwarf phenotype during cold acclimation prior to the vegetative to reproductive transition controlled by vernalization in winter cereals. Further genetic, molecular and biochemical research to confirm these links and to elucidate the molecular mechanism by which chloroplast redox modulation of CBF expression leads to enhanced photosynthetic performance is required. Because of the superior abiotic stress tolerance of cold tolerant winter wheat and seed yields that historically exceed those of spring wheat by 30-40%, we discuss the potential to exploit winter cereals for the maintenance or perhaps even the enhancement of cereal productivity under future climate change scenarios that will be required to feed a growing human population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norman P A Hüner
- Department of Biology and The Biotron Centre for Experimental Climate Change Research, University of Western Ontario, London N6A 5B7, Canada.
| | - Keshav Dahal
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Toronto Scarborough, 1265 Military Trail, Toronto M1C 1A4, Canada
| | - Rainer Bode
- Institute of Biology, Freie Universitat, Königin-Luise-Straße 12-16, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Leonid V Kurepin
- Department of Biology and The Biotron Centre for Experimental Climate Change Research, University of Western Ontario, London N6A 5B7, Canada
| | - Alexander G Ivanov
- Department of Biology and The Biotron Centre for Experimental Climate Change Research, University of Western Ontario, London N6A 5B7, Canada
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13
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Beydler B, Osadchuk K, Cheng CL, Manak JR, Irish EE. The Juvenile Phase of Maize Sees Upregulation of Stress-Response Genes and Is Extended by Exogenous Jasmonic Acid. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2016; 171:2648-58. [PMID: 27307257 PMCID: PMC4972259 DOI: 10.1104/pp.15.01707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2015] [Accepted: 06/08/2016] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
As maize (Zea mays) plants undergo vegetative phase change from juvenile to adult, they both exhibit heteroblasty, an abrupt change in patterns of leaf morphogenesis, and gain the ability to produce flowers. Both processes are under the control of microRNA156 (miR156), whose levels decline at the end of the juvenile phase. Gain of the ability to flower is conferred by the expression of miR156 targets that encode SQUAMOSA PROMOTER-BINDING transcription factors, which, when derepressed in the adult phase, induce the expression of MADS box transcription factors that promote maturation and flowering. How gene expression, including targets of those microRNAs, differs between the two phases remains an open question. Here, we compare transcript levels in primordia that will develop into juvenile or adult leaves to identify genes that define these two developmental states and may influence vegetative phase change. In comparisons among successive leaves at the same developmental stage, plastochron 6, three-fourths of approximately 1,100 differentially expressed genes were more highly expressed in primordia of juvenile leaves. This juvenile set was enriched in photosynthetic genes, particularly those associated with cyclic electron flow at photosystem I, and in genes involved in oxidative stress and retrograde redox signaling. Pathogen- and herbivory-responsive pathways including salicylic acid and jasmonic acid also were up-regulated in juvenile primordia; indeed, exogenous application of jasmonic acid delayed both the appearance of adult traits and the decline in the expression of miR156-encoding loci in maize seedlings. We hypothesize that the stresses associated with germination promote juvenile patterns of differentiation in maize.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Beydler
- Department of Biology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242
| | - Krista Osadchuk
- Department of Biology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242
| | - Chi-Lien Cheng
- Department of Biology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242
| | - J Robert Manak
- Department of Biology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242
| | - Erin E Irish
- Department of Biology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242
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14
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Ahrazem O, Rubio-Moraga A, Argandoña-Picazo J, Castillo R, Gómez-Gómez L. Intron retention and rhythmic diel pattern regulation of carotenoid cleavage dioxygenase 2 during crocetin biosynthesis in saffron. PLANT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2016; 91:355-374. [PMID: 27071403 PMCID: PMC4884571 DOI: 10.1007/s11103-016-0473-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2015] [Accepted: 03/22/2016] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
The carotenoid cleavage dioxygenase 2, a new member of the CCD family, catalyzes the conversion of zeaxanthin into crocetin-dialdehyde in Crocus. CCD2 is expressed in flowers, being responsible for the yellow, orange and red colorations displayed by tepals and stigma. Three CsCCD2 genes were identified in Crocus sativus, the longest contains ten exons and the shorter is a truncated copy with no introns and which lacks one exon sequence. Analysis of RNA-seq datasets of three developmental stages of saffron stigma allowed the determination of alternative splicing in CsCCD2, being intron retention (IR) the prevalent form of alternative splicing in CsCCD2. Further, high IR was observed in tissues that do not accumulate crocetin. The analysis of one CsCCD2 promoter showed cis-regulatory motifs involved in the response to light, temperature, and circadian regulation. The light and circadian regulation are common elements shared with the previously characterized CsLycB2a promoter, and these shared common cis-acting elements may represent binding sites for transcription factors responsible for co-regulation of these genes during the development of the stigma in saffron. A daily coordinated rhythmic regulation for CsCCD2 and CsLycB2a was observed, with higher levels of mRNA occurring at low temperatures during darkness, confirming the results obtained in the in silico promoter analysis. In addition, to the light and temperature dependent regulation of CsCCD2 expression, the apocarotenoid β-cyclocitral up-regulated CsCCD2 expression and could acts as a mediator of chromoplast-to-nucleus signalling, coordinating the expression of CsCCD2 with the developmental state of the chromoplast in the developing stigma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oussama Ahrazem
- Departamento de Ciencia y Tecnología Agroforestal y Genética, Facultad de Farmacia, Instituto Botánico, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Campus Universitario s/n, 02071, Albacete, Spain
- Fundación Parque Científico y Tecnológico de Castilla-La Mancha, Campus Universitario s/n, 02071, Albacete, Spain
| | - Angela Rubio-Moraga
- Departamento de Ciencia y Tecnología Agroforestal y Genética, Facultad de Farmacia, Instituto Botánico, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Campus Universitario s/n, 02071, Albacete, Spain
| | - Javier Argandoña-Picazo
- Departamento de Ciencia y Tecnología Agroforestal y Genética, Facultad de Farmacia, Instituto Botánico, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Campus Universitario s/n, 02071, Albacete, Spain
| | - Raquel Castillo
- VITAB Laboratorios, Polígono Industrial Garysol C/Pino, parcela 53, La Gineta, 02110, Albacete, Spain
| | - Lourdes Gómez-Gómez
- Departamento de Ciencia y Tecnología Agroforestal y Genética, Facultad de Farmacia, Instituto Botánico, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Campus Universitario s/n, 02071, Albacete, Spain.
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15
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Sun AZ, Guo FQ. Chloroplast Retrograde Regulation of Heat Stress Responses in Plants. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2016; 7:398. [PMID: 27066042 PMCID: PMC4814484 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2016.00398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2015] [Accepted: 03/14/2016] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
It is well known that intracellular signaling from chloroplast to nucleus plays a vital role in stress responses to survive environmental perturbations. The chloroplasts were proposed as sensors to heat stress since components of the photosynthetic apparatus housed in the chloroplast are the major targets of thermal damage in plants. Thus, communicating subcellular perturbations to the nucleus is critical during exposure to extreme environmental conditions such as heat stress. By coordinating expression of stress specific nuclear genes essential for adaptive responses to hostile environment, plants optimize different cell functions and activate acclimation responses through retrograde signaling pathways. The efficient communication between plastids and the nucleus is highly required for such diverse metabolic and biosynthetic functions during adaptation processes to environmental stresses. In recent years, several putative retrograde signals released from plastids that regulate nuclear genes have been identified and signaling pathways have been proposed. In this review, we provide an update on retrograde signals derived from tetrapyrroles, carotenoids, reactive oxygen species (ROS) and organellar gene expression (OGE) in the context of heat stress responses and address their roles in retrograde regulation of heat-responsive gene expression, systemic acquired acclimation, and cellular coordination in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Fang-Qing Guo
- The National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, National Center of Plant Gene Research (Shanghai) and CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology & Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai, China
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16
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Sun AZ, Guo FQ. Chloroplast Retrograde Regulation of Heat Stress Responses in Plants. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2016; 7:398. [PMID: 27066042 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2016.00398/full] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2015] [Accepted: 03/14/2016] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
It is well known that intracellular signaling from chloroplast to nucleus plays a vital role in stress responses to survive environmental perturbations. The chloroplasts were proposed as sensors to heat stress since components of the photosynthetic apparatus housed in the chloroplast are the major targets of thermal damage in plants. Thus, communicating subcellular perturbations to the nucleus is critical during exposure to extreme environmental conditions such as heat stress. By coordinating expression of stress specific nuclear genes essential for adaptive responses to hostile environment, plants optimize different cell functions and activate acclimation responses through retrograde signaling pathways. The efficient communication between plastids and the nucleus is highly required for such diverse metabolic and biosynthetic functions during adaptation processes to environmental stresses. In recent years, several putative retrograde signals released from plastids that regulate nuclear genes have been identified and signaling pathways have been proposed. In this review, we provide an update on retrograde signals derived from tetrapyrroles, carotenoids, reactive oxygen species (ROS) and organellar gene expression (OGE) in the context of heat stress responses and address their roles in retrograde regulation of heat-responsive gene expression, systemic acquired acclimation, and cellular coordination in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ai-Zhen Sun
- The National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, National Center of Plant Gene Research (Shanghai) and CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology & Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai, China
| | - Fang-Qing Guo
- The National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, National Center of Plant Gene Research (Shanghai) and CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology & Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai, China
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17
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Chi W, Feng P, Ma J, Zhang L. Metabolites and chloroplast retrograde signaling. CURRENT OPINION IN PLANT BIOLOGY 2015; 25:32-8. [PMID: 25912815 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbi.2015.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2014] [Revised: 04/10/2015] [Accepted: 04/13/2015] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Intracellular signaling from chloroplast to nucleus followed by a subsequent response in the chloroplast is called retrograde signaling. It not only coordinates the expression of nuclear and chloroplast genes, which is essential for chloroplast biogenesis, but also maintains chloroplast function at optimal levels in response to fluxes in metabolites and changes in environmental conditions. In recent years several putative retrograde signals have been identified and signaling pathways have been proposed. Here we review retrograde signals derived from tetrapyrroles, carotenoids, nucleotides and isoprene precursors in response to abiotic stresses, including oxidative stress. We discuss the responses that these signals elicit and show that they not only modify chloroplast function but also influence other aspects of plant development and adaptation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Chi
- Photosynthesis Research Center, Key Laboratory of Photobiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
| | - Peiqiang Feng
- Photosynthesis Research Center, Key Laboratory of Photobiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
| | - Jinfang Ma
- Photosynthesis Research Center, Key Laboratory of Photobiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
| | - Lixin Zhang
- Photosynthesis Research Center, Key Laboratory of Photobiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China.
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18
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Vainonen JP, Kangasjärvi J. Plant signalling in acute ozone exposure. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2015; 38:240-52. [PMID: 24417414 DOI: 10.1111/pce.12273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2013] [Revised: 12/17/2013] [Accepted: 12/27/2013] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Exposure of plants to high ozone concentrations causes lesion formation in sensitive plants. Plant responses to ozone involve fast and massive changes in protein activities, gene expression and metabolism even before any tissue damage can be detected. Degradation of ozone and subsequent accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the extracellular space activates several signalling cascades, which are integrated inside the cell into a fine-balanced network of ROS signalling. Reversible protein phosphorylation and degradation plays an important role in the regulation of signalling mechanisms in a complex crosstalk with plant hormones and calcium, an essential second messenger. In this review, we discuss the recent advances in understanding the molecular mechanisms of ozone uptake, perception and signalling pathways activated during the early steps of ozone response, and discuss the use of ozone as a tool to study the function of apoplastic ROS in signalling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia P Vainonen
- Plant Biology Division, Department of Biosciences, University of Helsinki, FI-00014, Helsinki, Finland
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19
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Laloi C, Havaux M. Key players of singlet oxygen-induced cell death in plants. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2015; 6:39. [PMID: 25699067 PMCID: PMC4316694 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2015.00039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2014] [Accepted: 01/15/2015] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
The production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) is an unavoidable consequence of oxygenic photosynthesis. Singlet oxygen ((1)O2) is a highly reactive species to which has been attributed a major destructive role during the execution of ROS-induced cell death in photosynthetic tissues exposed to excess light. The study of the specific biological activity of (1)O2 in plants has been hindered by its high reactivity and short lifetime, the concurrent production of other ROS under photooxidative stress, and limited in vivo detection methods. However, during the last 15 years, the isolation and characterization of two (1)O2-overproducing mutants in Arabidopsis thaliana, flu and ch1, has allowed the identification of genetically controlled (1)O2 cell death pathways and a (1)O2 acclimation pathway that are triggered at sub-cytotoxic concentrations of (1)O2. The study of flu has revealed the control of cell death by the plastid proteins EXECUTER (EX)1 and EX2. In ch1, oxidized derivatives of β-carotene, such as β-cyclocitral and dihydroactinidiolide, have been identified as important upstream messengers in the (1)O2 signaling pathway that leads to stress acclimation. In both the flu and ch1 mutants, phytohormones act as important promoters or inhibitors of cell death. In particular, jasmonate has emerged as a key player in the decision between acclimation and cell death in response to (1)O2. Although the flu and ch1 mutants show many similarities, especially regarding their gene expression profiles, key differences, such as EXECUTER-independent cell death in ch1, have also been observed and will need further investigation to be fully understood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christophe Laloi
- Laboratoire de Génétique et Biophysique des Plantes, Institut de Biologie Environnementale et Biotechnologie, Commissariat à l’Énergie Atomique et aux Énergies AlternativesMarseille, France
- CNRS, UMR 7265 Biologie Végétale et Microbiologie EnvironnementalesMarseille, France
- Aix Marseille UniversitéMarseille, France
- *Correspondence: Christophe Laloi, Laboratoire de Génétique et Biophysique des Plantes, Institut de Biologie Environnementale et Biotechnologie, Commissariat à l’Énergie Atomique et aux nergies Alternatives, F -13009 Marseille, France e-mail: ; Michel Havaux, Laboratoire d’Ecophysiologie Moléculaire des Plantes, Institut de Biologie Environnementale et Biotechnologie, Commissariat à l’Énergie Atomique et aux Énergies Alternatives, F-13108 Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, France e-mail:
| | - Michel Havaux
- CNRS, UMR 7265 Biologie Végétale et Microbiologie EnvironnementalesMarseille, France
- Aix Marseille UniversitéMarseille, France
- Laboratoire d’Ecophysiologie Moléculaire des Plantes, Institut de Biologie Environnementale et Biotechnologie, Commissariat à l’Énergie Atomique et aux Énergies AlternativesSaint-Paul-lez-Durance, France
- *Correspondence: Christophe Laloi, Laboratoire de Génétique et Biophysique des Plantes, Institut de Biologie Environnementale et Biotechnologie, Commissariat à l’Énergie Atomique et aux nergies Alternatives, F -13009 Marseille, France e-mail: ; Michel Havaux, Laboratoire d’Ecophysiologie Moléculaire des Plantes, Institut de Biologie Environnementale et Biotechnologie, Commissariat à l’Énergie Atomique et aux Énergies Alternatives, F-13108 Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, France e-mail:
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20
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Gan Y, Li H, Xie Y, Wu W, Li M, Wang X, Huang J. THF1 mutations lead to increased basal and wound-induced levels of oxylipins that stimulate anthocyanin biosynthesis via COI1 signaling in Arabidopsis. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE PLANT BIOLOGY 2014; 56:916-27. [PMID: 24467527 DOI: 10.1111/jipb.12177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2013] [Accepted: 01/21/2014] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Mutants defective in chloroplast development or photosynthesis are liable to accumulate higher levels of anthocyanin in photo-oxidative stress. However, regulatory mechanisms of anthocyanin biosynthesis in the mutants remain unclear. Here, we investigated the mechanism by which the deletion of thylakoid formation1 (THF1) leads to an increased level of anthocyanin in Arabidopsis thaliana L. Physiological and genetic evidence showed that the increased level of anthocyanin in thf1 is dependent on coronatine-insensitive1 (COI1) signaling. Our data showed that thf1 had higher levels of basal α-linolenic acid (α-LeA), and methyl jasmonate (JA)-induced α-LeA and 12-oxophytodienoic acid (OPDA) than the wild type (WT). Consistently, expression levels of phospholipase genes including pPLAIIα and PLA-Iγ1 were elevated in thf1. Furthermore, inhibition of lipase activity by bromoenol lactone, a specific inhibitor of plant pPLA, led to producing identical levels of anthocyanins in WT and thf1 plants. Interestingly, OPDA biosynthesis was triggered by light illumination in isolated chloroplasts, indicating that new protein import into chloroplasts is not required for OPDA biosynthesis. Thus, we conclude that the elevated anthocyanin accumulation in thf1 is attributed to an increase in JA levels. This JA-mediated signaling to coordinate plant metabolism and growth in stress may be conserved in other photosensitive mutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Gan
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China; School of Agricultural and Food Science, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin'an, 311300, China
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21
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Tiller N, Bock R. The translational apparatus of plastids and its role in plant development. MOLECULAR PLANT 2014; 7:1105-20. [PMID: 24589494 PMCID: PMC4086613 DOI: 10.1093/mp/ssu022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2014] [Accepted: 02/26/2014] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Chloroplasts (plastids) possess a genome and their own machinery to express it. Translation in plastids occurs on bacterial-type 70S ribosomes utilizing a set of tRNAs that is entirely encoded in the plastid genome. In recent years, the components of the chloroplast translational apparatus have been intensely studied by proteomic approaches and by reverse genetics in the model systems tobacco (plastid-encoded components) and Arabidopsis (nucleus-encoded components). This work has provided important new insights into the structure, function, and biogenesis of chloroplast ribosomes, and also has shed fresh light on the molecular mechanisms of the translation process in plastids. In addition, mutants affected in plastid translation have yielded strong genetic evidence for chloroplast genes and gene products influencing plant development at various levels, presumably via retrograde signaling pathway(s). In this review, we describe recent progress with the functional analysis of components of the chloroplast translational machinery and discuss the currently available evidence that supports a significant impact of plastid translational activity on plant anatomy and morphology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadine Tiller
- Max-Planck-Institut für Molekulare Pflanzenphysiologie, Am Mühlenberg 1, D-14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Ralph Bock
- Max-Planck-Institut für Molekulare Pflanzenphysiologie, Am Mühlenberg 1, D-14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany
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22
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Abstract
In this review, we consider a selection of recent advances in chloroplast biology. These include new findings concerning chloroplast evolution, such as the identification of Chlamydiae as a third partner in primary endosymbiosis, a second instance of primary endosymbiosis represented by the chromatophores found in amoebae of the genus Paulinella, and a new explanation for the longevity of captured chloroplasts (kleptoplasts) in sacoglossan sea slugs. The controversy surrounding the three-dimensional structure of grana, its recent resolution by tomographic analyses, and the role of the CURVATURE THYLAKOID1 (CURT1) proteins in supporting grana formation are also discussed. We also present an updated inventory of photosynthetic proteins and the factors involved in the assembly of thylakoid multiprotein complexes, and evaluate findings that reveal that cyclic electron flow involves NADPH dehydrogenase (NDH)- and PGRL1/PGR5-dependent pathways, both of which receive electrons from ferredoxin. Other topics covered in this review include new protein components of nucleoids, an updated inventory of the chloroplast proteome, new enzymes in chlorophyll biosynthesis and new candidate messengers in retrograde signaling. Finally, we discuss the first successful synthetic biology approaches that resulted in chloroplasts in which electrons from the photosynthetic light reactions are fed to enzymes derived from secondary metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Poul Erik Jensen
- Copenhagen Plant Science Center (CPSC), Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of CopenhagenThorvaldsensvej 40, DK-1871 Frederiksberg CDenmark
| | - Dario Leister
- Copenhagen Plant Science Center (CPSC), Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of CopenhagenThorvaldsensvej 40, DK-1871 Frederiksberg CDenmark
- Plant Molecular Biology, Department of Biology I, Ludwig-Maximilians-University MunichGroßhaderner Str. 2, D-82152 Planegg-MartinsriedGermany
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23
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Foyer CH, Karpinska B, Krupinska K. The functions of WHIRLY1 and REDOX-RESPONSIVE TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR 1 in cross tolerance responses in plants: a hypothesis. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2014; 369:20130226. [PMID: 24591713 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2013.0226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Chloroplasts are important sensors of environment change, fulfilling key roles in the regulation of plant growth and development in relation to environmental cues. Photosynthesis produces a repertoire of reductive and oxidative (redox) signals that provide information to the nucleus facilitating appropriate acclimation to a changing light environment. Redox signals are also recognized by the cellular innate immune system allowing activation of non-specific, stress-responsive pathways that underpin cross tolerance to biotic-abiotic stresses. While these pathways have been intensively studied in recent years, little is known about the different components that mediate chloroplast-to-nucleus signalling and facilitate cross tolerance phenomena. Here, we consider the properties of the WHIRLY family of proteins and the REDOX-RESPONSIVE TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR 1 (RRTF1) in relation to chloroplast redox signals that facilitate the synergistic co-activation of gene expression pathways and confer cross tolerance to abiotic and biotic stresses. We propose a new hypothesis for the role of WHIRLY1 as a redox sensor in chloroplast-to-nucleus retrograde signalling leading to cross tolerance, including acclimation and immunity responses. By virtue of its association with chloroplast nucleoids and with nuclear DNA, WHIRLY1 is an attractive candidate coordinator of the expression of photosynthetic genes in the nucleus and chloroplasts. We propose that the redox state of the photosynthetic electron transport chain triggers the movement of WHIRLY1 from the chloroplasts to the nucleus, and draw parallels with the regulation of NONEXPRESSOR OF PATHOGENESIS-RELATED GENES 1 (NPR1).
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine H Foyer
- Centre for Plant Sciences, Faculty of Biology, University of Leeds, , Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
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Scranton MA, Fowler JH, Girke T, Walling LL. Microarray analysis of tomato's early and late wound response reveals new regulatory targets for Leucine aminopeptidase A. PLoS One 2013; 8:e77889. [PMID: 24205013 PMCID: PMC3812031 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0077889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2013] [Accepted: 09/04/2013] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Wounding due to mechanical injury or insect feeding causes a wide array of damage to plant cells including cell disruption, desiccation, metabolite oxidation, and disruption of primary metabolism. In response, plants regulate a variety of genes and metabolic pathways to cope with injury. Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) is a model for wound signaling but few studies have examined the comprehensive gene expression profiles in response to injury. A cross-species microarray approach using the TIGR potato 10-K cDNA array was analyzed for large-scale temporal (early and late) and spatial (locally and systemically) responses to mechanical wounding in tomato leaves. These analyses demonstrated that tomato regulates many primary and secondary metabolic pathways and this regulation is dependent on both timing and location. To determine if LAP-A, a known modulator of wound signaling, influences gene expression beyond the core of late wound-response genes, changes in RNAs from healthy and wounded Leucine aminopeptidase A-silenced (LapA-SI) and wild-type (WT) leaves were examined. While most of the changes in gene expression after wounding in LapA-SI leaves were similar to WT, overall responses were delayed in the LapA-SI leaves. Moreover, two pathogenesis-related 1 (PR-1c and PR-1a2) and two dehydrin (TAS14 and Dhn3) genes were negatively regulated by LAP-A. Collectively, this study has shown that tomato wound responses are complex and that LAP-A's role in modulation of wound responses extends beyond the well described late-wound gene core.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa A. Scranton
- Department of Botany and Plant Sciences, Center for Plant Cell Biology, University of California Riverside, Riverside, California, United States of America
| | - Jonathan H. Fowler
- Department of Botany and Plant Sciences, Center for Plant Cell Biology, University of California Riverside, Riverside, California, United States of America
| | - Thomas Girke
- Department of Botany and Plant Sciences, Center for Plant Cell Biology, University of California Riverside, Riverside, California, United States of America
| | - Linda L. Walling
- Department of Botany and Plant Sciences, Center for Plant Cell Biology, University of California Riverside, Riverside, California, United States of America
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Coordinating metabolite changes with our perception of plant abiotic stress responses: emerging views revealed by integrative-omic analyses. Metabolites 2013; 3:761-86. [PMID: 24958149 PMCID: PMC3901284 DOI: 10.3390/metabo3030761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2013] [Revised: 08/21/2013] [Accepted: 08/28/2013] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolic configuration and adaptation under a range of abiotic stresses, including drought, heat, salinity, cold, and nutrient deprivation, are subjected to an intricate span of molecular pathways that work in parallel in order to enhance plant fitness and increase stress tolerance. In recent years, unprecedented advances have been made in identifying and linking different abiotic stresses, and the current challenge in plant molecular biology is deciphering how the signaling responses are integrated and transduced throughout metabolism. Metabolomics have often played a fundamental role in elucidating the distinct and overlapping biochemical changes that occur in plants. However, a far greater understanding and appreciation of the complexity in plant metabolism under specific stress conditions have become apparent when combining metabolomics with other—omic platforms. This review focuses on recent advances made in understanding the global changes occurring in plant metabolism under abiotic stress conditions using metabolite profiling as an integrated discovery platform.
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26
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Function and evolution of channels and transporters in photosynthetic membranes. Cell Mol Life Sci 2013; 71:979-98. [PMID: 23835835 PMCID: PMC3928508 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-013-1412-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2012] [Revised: 05/28/2013] [Accepted: 06/18/2013] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Chloroplasts from land plants and algae originated from an endosymbiotic event, most likely involving an ancestral photoautotrophic prokaryote related to cyanobacteria. Both chloroplasts and cyanobacteria have thylakoid membranes, harboring pigment-protein complexes that perform the light-dependent reactions of oxygenic photosynthesis. The composition, function and regulation of these complexes have thus far been the major topics in thylakoid membrane research. For many decades, we have also accumulated biochemical and electrophysiological evidence for the existence of solute transthylakoid transport activities that affect photosynthesis. However, research dedicated to molecular identification of the responsible proteins has only recently emerged with the explosion of genomic information. Here we review the current knowledge about channels and transporters from the thylakoid membrane of Arabidopsis thaliana and of the cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803. No homologues of these proteins have been characterized in algae, although similar sequences could be recognized in many of the available sequenced genomes. Based on phylogenetic analyses, we hypothesize a host origin for most of the so far identified Arabidopsis thylakoid channels and transporters. Additionally, the shift from a non-thylakoid to a thylakoid location appears to have occurred at different times for different transport proteins. We propose that closer control of and provision for the thylakoid by products of the host genome has been an ongoing process, rather than a one-step event. Some of the proteins recruited to serve in the thylakoid may have been the result of the increased specialization of its pigment-protein composition and organization in green plants.
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Kurepin LV, Dahal KP, Savitch LV, Singh J, Bode R, Ivanov AG, Hurry V, Hüner NPA. Role of CBFs as integrators of chloroplast redox, phytochrome and plant hormone signaling during cold acclimation. Int J Mol Sci 2013; 14:12729-63. [PMID: 23778089 PMCID: PMC3709810 DOI: 10.3390/ijms140612729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2013] [Revised: 05/24/2013] [Accepted: 06/06/2013] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Cold acclimation of winter cereals and other winter hardy species is a prerequisite to increase subsequent freezing tolerance. Low temperatures upregulate the expression of C-repeat/dehydration-responsive element binding transcription factors (CBF/DREB1) which in turn induce the expression of COLD-REGULATED (COR) genes. We summarize evidence which indicates that the integration of these interactions is responsible for the dwarf phenotype and enhanced photosynthetic performance associated with cold-acclimated and CBF-overexpressing plants. Plants overexpressing CBFs but grown at warm temperatures mimic the cold-tolerant, dwarf, compact phenotype; increased photosynthetic performance; and biomass accumulation typically associated with cold-acclimated plants. In this review, we propose a model whereby the cold acclimation signal is perceived by plants through an integration of low temperature and changes in light intensity, as well as changes in light quality. Such integration leads to the activation of the CBF-regulon and subsequent upregulation of COR gene and GA 2-oxidase (GA2ox) expression which results in a dwarf phenotype coupled with increased freezing tolerance and enhanced photosynthetic performance. We conclude that, due to their photoautotrophic nature, plants do not rely on a single low temperature sensor, but integrate changes in light intensity, light quality, and membrane viscosity in order to establish the cold-acclimated state. CBFs appear to act as master regulators of these interconnecting sensing/signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonid V. Kurepin
- Department of Biology and the Biotron Center for Experimental Climate Change Research, Western University, London, ON N6A 5B7, Canada; E-Mails: (R.B.); (A.G.I.)
- Department of Plant Physiology, Umeå Plant Science Centre, Umeå University, Umeå 901 87, Sweden; E-Mail:
- Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mails: (L.V.K.); (N.P.A.H.); Tel.: +1-519-661-2111 (ext. 86638) (L.V.K.); +1-519-661-2111 (ext. 86488) (N.P.A.H.); Fax: +1-519-850-2343(L.V.K. & N.P.A.H.)
| | - Keshav P. Dahal
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Toronto Scarborough, Toronto, ON M1C 1A4, Canada; E-Mail:
| | - Leonid V. Savitch
- Eastern Cereal and Oilseed Research Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 960 Carling Avenue, Ottawa, ON K1A 0C6, Canada; E-Mails: (L.V.S.); (J.S.)
| | - Jas Singh
- Eastern Cereal and Oilseed Research Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 960 Carling Avenue, Ottawa, ON K1A 0C6, Canada; E-Mails: (L.V.S.); (J.S.)
| | - Rainer Bode
- Department of Biology and the Biotron Center for Experimental Climate Change Research, Western University, London, ON N6A 5B7, Canada; E-Mails: (R.B.); (A.G.I.)
| | - Alexander G. Ivanov
- Department of Biology and the Biotron Center for Experimental Climate Change Research, Western University, London, ON N6A 5B7, Canada; E-Mails: (R.B.); (A.G.I.)
| | - Vaughan Hurry
- Department of Plant Physiology, Umeå Plant Science Centre, Umeå University, Umeå 901 87, Sweden; E-Mail:
| | - Norman P. A. Hüner
- Department of Biology and the Biotron Center for Experimental Climate Change Research, Western University, London, ON N6A 5B7, Canada; E-Mails: (R.B.); (A.G.I.)
- Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mails: (L.V.K.); (N.P.A.H.); Tel.: +1-519-661-2111 (ext. 86638) (L.V.K.); +1-519-661-2111 (ext. 86488) (N.P.A.H.); Fax: +1-519-850-2343(L.V.K. & N.P.A.H.)
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12-Oxo-phytodienoic acid interaction with cyclophilin CYP20-3 is a benchmark for understanding retrograde signaling in plants. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2013; 110:9197-8. [PMID: 23716693 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1307482110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
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29
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Ramel F, Ksas B, Akkari E, Mialoundama AS, Monnet F, Krieger-Liszkay A, Ravanat JL, Mueller MJ, Bouvier F, Havaux M. Light-induced acclimation of the Arabidopsis chlorina1 mutant to singlet oxygen. THE PLANT CELL 2013; 25:1445-62. [PMID: 23590883 PMCID: PMC3663279 DOI: 10.1105/tpc.113.109827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2013] [Revised: 03/11/2013] [Accepted: 03/24/2013] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Singlet oxygen (¹O₂) is a reactive oxygen species that can function as a stress signal in plant leaves leading to programmed cell death. In microalgae, ¹O₂-induced transcriptomic changes result in acclimation to ¹O₂. Here, using a chlorophyll b-less Arabidopsis thaliana mutant (chlorina1 [ch1]), we show that this phenomenon can also occur in vascular plants. The ch1 mutant is highly photosensitive due to a selective increase in the release of ¹O₂ by photosystem II. Under photooxidative stress conditions, the gene expression profile of ch1 mutant leaves very much resembled the gene responses to ¹O₂ reported in the Arabidopsis mutant flu. Preexposure of ch1 plants to moderately elevated light intensities eliminated photooxidative damage without suppressing ¹O₂ formation, indicating acclimation to ¹O₂. Substantial differences in gene expression were observed between acclimation and high-light stress: A number of transcription factors were selectively induced by acclimation, and contrasting effects were observed for the jasmonate pathway. Jasmonate biosynthesis was strongly induced in ch1 mutant plants under high-light stress and was noticeably repressed under acclimation conditions, suggesting the involvement of this hormone in ¹O₂-induced cell death. This was confirmed by the decreased tolerance to photooxidative damage of jasmonate-treated ch1 plants and by the increased tolerance of the jasmonate-deficient mutant delayed-dehiscence2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fanny Ramel
- Commissariat à l’Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives, Direction des Sciences du Vivant, Institut de Biologie Environnementale et de Biotechnologies, Laboratoire d’Ecophysiologie Moléculaire des Plantes, F-13108 Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, France
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Mixte de Recherche 7265 Biologie Végétale et Microbiologie Environnementales, F-13108 Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, France
- Aix-Marseille Université, F-13108 Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, France
| | - Brigitte Ksas
- Commissariat à l’Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives, Direction des Sciences du Vivant, Institut de Biologie Environnementale et de Biotechnologies, Laboratoire d’Ecophysiologie Moléculaire des Plantes, F-13108 Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, France
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Mixte de Recherche 7265 Biologie Végétale et Microbiologie Environnementales, F-13108 Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, France
- Aix-Marseille Université, F-13108 Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, France
| | - Elsy Akkari
- Commissariat à l’Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives, Direction des Sciences du Vivant, Institut de Biologie Environnementale et de Biotechnologies, Laboratoire d’Ecophysiologie Moléculaire des Plantes, F-13108 Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, France
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Mixte de Recherche 7265 Biologie Végétale et Microbiologie Environnementales, F-13108 Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, France
- Aix-Marseille Université, F-13108 Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, France
| | - Alexis S. Mialoundama
- Institut de Biologie Moléculaire des Plantes du Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Université de Strasbourg, F-67084 Strasbourg cedex, France
| | - Fabien Monnet
- Commissariat à l’Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives, Direction des Sciences du Vivant, Institut de Biologie Environnementale et de Biotechnologies, Laboratoire d’Ecophysiologie Moléculaire des Plantes, F-13108 Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, France
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Mixte de Recherche 7265 Biologie Végétale et Microbiologie Environnementales, F-13108 Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, France
- Aix-Marseille Université, F-13108 Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, France
- Université d’Avignon et des Pays de Vaucluse, 84000 Avignon, France
| | - Anja Krieger-Liszkay
- Commissariat à l’Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives, Institut de Biologie et de Technologies de Saclay, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité de Recherche Associée 2096, Service de Bioénergétique, Biologie Structurale et Mécanisme, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette cedex, France
| | - Jean-Luc Ravanat
- Laboratoire Lésions des Acides Nucléiques, Institut Nanosciences et Cryogénie, Service de Chimie Inorganique et Biologique, Unité Mixte de Recherche E3 Commissariat à l’Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives–Université Joseph Fourier, F-38054 Grenoble cedex 9, France
| | - Martin J. Mueller
- Julius-von-Sachs-Institute for Biosciences, Pharmaceutical Biology, Biocenter, University of Wuerzburg, D-97082 Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Florence Bouvier
- Institut de Biologie Moléculaire des Plantes du Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Université de Strasbourg, F-67084 Strasbourg cedex, France
| | - Michel Havaux
- Commissariat à l’Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives, Direction des Sciences du Vivant, Institut de Biologie Environnementale et de Biotechnologies, Laboratoire d’Ecophysiologie Moléculaire des Plantes, F-13108 Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, France
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Mixte de Recherche 7265 Biologie Végétale et Microbiologie Environnementales, F-13108 Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, France
- Aix-Marseille Université, F-13108 Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, France
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Kleine T, Leister D. Retrograde signals galore. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2013; 4:45. [PMID: 23487593 PMCID: PMC3594843 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2013.00045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2013] [Accepted: 02/22/2013] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
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31
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Scranton MA, Fowler JH, Girke T, Walling LL. Microarray analysis of tomato's early and late wound response reveals new regulatory targets for Leucine aminopeptidase A. PLoS One 2013. [PMID: 24205013 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.007788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Wounding due to mechanical injury or insect feeding causes a wide array of damage to plant cells including cell disruption, desiccation, metabolite oxidation, and disruption of primary metabolism. In response, plants regulate a variety of genes and metabolic pathways to cope with injury. Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) is a model for wound signaling but few studies have examined the comprehensive gene expression profiles in response to injury. A cross-species microarray approach using the TIGR potato 10-K cDNA array was analyzed for large-scale temporal (early and late) and spatial (locally and systemically) responses to mechanical wounding in tomato leaves. These analyses demonstrated that tomato regulates many primary and secondary metabolic pathways and this regulation is dependent on both timing and location. To determine if LAP-A, a known modulator of wound signaling, influences gene expression beyond the core of late wound-response genes, changes in RNAs from healthy and wounded Leucine aminopeptidase A-silenced (LapA-SI) and wild-type (WT) leaves were examined. While most of the changes in gene expression after wounding in LapA-SI leaves were similar to WT, overall responses were delayed in the LapA-SI leaves. Moreover, two pathogenesis-related 1 (PR-1c and PR-1a2) and two dehydrin (TAS14 and Dhn3) genes were negatively regulated by LAP-A. Collectively, this study has shown that tomato wound responses are complex and that LAP-A's role in modulation of wound responses extends beyond the well described late-wound gene core.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa A Scranton
- Department of Botany and Plant Sciences, Center for Plant Cell Biology, University of California Riverside, Riverside, California, United States of America
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