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Valitova J, Renkova A, Beckett R, Minibayeva F. Stigmasterol: An Enigmatic Plant Stress Sterol with Versatile Functions. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:8122. [PMID: 39125690 PMCID: PMC11311414 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25158122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2024] [Revised: 07/05/2024] [Accepted: 07/22/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Sterols play important structural and regulatory roles in numerous intracellular processes. Unlike animals, plants contain a distinctive and diverse variety of sterols. Recently, information has emerged showing that stigmasterol is a "stress sterol". Stigmasterol is synthesized via the mevalonate biosynthesis pathway and has structural similarity to β-sitosterol but differs in the presence of a trans-oriented double bond in the side chain. In plants, the accumulation of stigmasterol has been observed in response to various stresses. However, the precise ways that stigmasterol is involved in the stress responses of plants remain unclear. This comprehensive review provides an update on the biology of stigmasterol, particularly the physicochemical properties of this ethylsterol, its biosynthesis, and its occurrence in higher plants and extremophilic organisms, e.g., mosses and lichens. Special emphasis is given to the evolutionary aspects of stigmasterol biosynthesis, particularly the variations in the gene structure of C22-sterol desaturase, which catalyzes the formation of stigmasterol from β-sitosterol, in a diversity of evolutionarily distant organisms. The roles of stigmasterol in the tolerance of plants to hostile environments and the prospects for its biomedical applications are also discussed. Taken together, the available data suggest that stigmasterol plays important roles in plant metabolism, although in some aspects, it remains an enigmatic compound.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Valitova
- Kazan Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, FRC Kazan Scientific Center of RAS, P.O. Box 261, Kazan 420111, Russia; (J.V.); (A.R.)
| | - Albina Renkova
- Kazan Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, FRC Kazan Scientific Center of RAS, P.O. Box 261, Kazan 420111, Russia; (J.V.); (A.R.)
| | - Richard Beckett
- School of Life Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Private Bag X01, Scottsville 3209, South Africa;
| | - Farida Minibayeva
- Kazan Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, FRC Kazan Scientific Center of RAS, P.O. Box 261, Kazan 420111, Russia; (J.V.); (A.R.)
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2
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Chang X, Zhang X, Huang X, Yang Z, Zhang F. Transcriptome and metabolome analysis of the developmental changes in Cynanchum thesioides anther. Genomics 2024; 116:110884. [PMID: 38878835 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygeno.2024.110884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2024] [Revised: 05/31/2024] [Accepted: 06/08/2024] [Indexed: 06/23/2024]
Abstract
Cynanchum thesioides, a xerophytic species utilized both as a medicinal herb and a food source, plays a significant role in arid and desert ecosystem management. Its inflorescence is an umbellate cyme, each carrying nearly a thousand flowers; however, its fruiting rate remains remarkably low. The normal development of the anther is a necessary prerequisite for plants to produce seeds. However, our understanding of the anther development process in Cynanchum thesioides remains limited. To better understand the pollen development process in Cynanchum thesioides, the stages of pollen development were determined through paraffin sectioning, and observations were made on the distribution characteristics of polysaccharides and lipid droplets in the pollen development of Cynanchum thesioides using Periodic Acid-Schiff stain (PAS) and 0.5% Sudan Black B tissue staining. Concurrently, the gene expression patterns and metabolite profiles were delineated across various developmental stages of Cynanchum thesioides anthers (T1: microspore stage, T2: tetrad stage, T3: mononuclear stage, and T4: maturation stage). The findings revealed that Cynanchum thesioides pollen is in an aggregate form. Polysaccharides gradually accumulate during maturation and lipid droplets form a surrounding membrane, thereby preventing pollen dispersion. Furthermore, transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses across distinct developmental phases uncovered a plethora of differentially expressed genes and metabolites associated with the flavonoid biosynthesis pathway. Flavonoid levels exhibited dynamic changes concurrent with anther development, aligning with the gene regulatory patterns of the corresponding biosynthetic pathways. The study identified 63 differentially accumulated flavonoid compounds and 21 differentially expressed genes associated with flavonoid biosynthesis. Weighted gene co-expression network analysis revealed six MYB and ten bHLH transcription factors as key candidates involved in flavonoid biosynthesis, with CtbHLH (Cluster-6587.1050) and CtMYB (Cluster-6587.31743) specifically regulating structural genes within the pathway. These findings underscore the pivotal role of flavonoid biosynthesis in anther development of Cynanchum thesioides. In conclusion, this research offers a comprehensive insight into the anther development process in Cynanchum thesioides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyao Chang
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Wild Peculiar Vegetable Germplasm Resource and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Horticultural and Plant Protection, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Huhhot, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Xiaoyan Zhang
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Wild Peculiar Vegetable Germplasm Resource and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Horticultural and Plant Protection, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Huhhot, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Xiumei Huang
- Department of Horticulture and Landscape Technology, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University Vocational and technical College, Baotou City, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Zhongren Yang
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Wild Peculiar Vegetable Germplasm Resource and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Horticultural and Plant Protection, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Huhhot, Inner Mongolia, China.
| | - Fenglan Zhang
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Wild Peculiar Vegetable Germplasm Resource and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Horticultural and Plant Protection, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Huhhot, Inner Mongolia, China.
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3
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Yan Q, Zhang G, Zhang X, Huang L. A Review of Transcriptomics and Metabolomics in Plant Quality and Environmental Response: From Bibliometric Analysis to Science Mapping and Future Trends. Metabolites 2024; 14:272. [PMID: 38786749 PMCID: PMC11123105 DOI: 10.3390/metabo14050272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2024] [Revised: 04/27/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Transcriptomics and metabolomics offer distinct advantages in investigating the differentially expressed genes and cellular entities that have the greatest influence on end-phenotype, making them crucial techniques for studying plant quality and environmental responses. While numerous relevant articles have been published, a comprehensive summary is currently lacking. This review aimed to understand the global and longitudinal research trends of transcriptomics and metabolomics in plant quality and environmental response (TMPQE). Utilizing bibliometric methods, we presented a comprehensive science mapping of the social structure, conceptual framework, and intellectual foundation of TMPQE. We uncovered that TMPQE research has been categorized into three distinct stages since 2020. A citation analysis of the 29 most cited articles, coupled with a content analysis of recent works (2020-2023), highlight five potential research streams in plant quality and environmental responses: (1) biosynthetic pathways, (2) abiotic stress, (3) biotic stress, (4) development and ripening, and (5) methodologies and tools. Current trends and future directions are shaped by technological advancements, species diversity, evolving research themes, and an environmental ecology focus. Overall, this review provides a novel and comprehensive perspective to understand the longitudinal trend on TMPQE.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Linfang Huang
- Key Lab of Chinese Medicine Resources Conservation, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of China, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, No. 151, Malianwa North Road, HaiDian District, Beijing 100193, China; (Q.Y.); (G.Z.); (X.Z.)
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4
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Gao Q, Zheng R, Lu J, Li X, Wang D, Cai X, Ren X, Kong Q. Trends in the Potential of Stilbenes to Improve Plant Stress Tolerance: Insights of Plant Defense Mechanisms in Response to Biotic and Abiotic Stressors. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:7655-7671. [PMID: 38536950 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.4c00326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
Stilbenes belong to the naturally synthesized plant phytoalexins, produced de novo in response to various biotic and abiotic stressors. The importance of stilbenes in plant resistance to stress and disease is of increasing interest. However, the defense mechanisms and potential of stilbenes to improve plant stress tolerance have not been thoroughly reviewed. This work overviewed the pentose phosphate pathway, glycolysis pathway, shikimate pathway, and phenylalanine pathway occurred in the synthesis of stilbenes when plants are subjected to biotic and abiotic stresses. The positive implications and underlying mechanisms regarding defensive properties of stilbenes were demonstrated. Ten biomimetic chemosynthesis methods can underpin the potential of stilbenes to improve plant stress tolerance. The prospects for the application of stilbenes in agriculture, food, cosmetics, and pharmaceuticals industries are anticipated. It is hoped that some of the detailed ideas and practices may contribute to the development of stilbene-related products and improvement of plant resistance breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingchao Gao
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Characteristic Fruit Storage and Preservation, College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, Shaanxi China
- Shaanxi Engineering Laboratory of Food Green Processing and Safety Control, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, Shaanxi China
| | - Renyu Zheng
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Characteristic Fruit Storage and Preservation, College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, Shaanxi China
- Shaanxi Engineering Laboratory of Food Green Processing and Safety Control, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, Shaanxi China
| | - Jun Lu
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Characteristic Fruit Storage and Preservation, College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, Shaanxi China
- Auckland Bioengineering Institute, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand
| | - Xue Li
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Characteristic Fruit Storage and Preservation, College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, Shaanxi China
- Shaanxi Engineering Laboratory of Food Green Processing and Safety Control, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, Shaanxi China
| | - Di Wang
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Characteristic Fruit Storage and Preservation, College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, Shaanxi China
- Shaanxi Engineering Laboratory of Food Green Processing and Safety Control, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, Shaanxi China
| | - Xinyu Cai
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Characteristic Fruit Storage and Preservation, College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, Shaanxi China
- Shaanxi Engineering Laboratory of Food Green Processing and Safety Control, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, Shaanxi China
| | - Xueyan Ren
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Characteristic Fruit Storage and Preservation, College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, Shaanxi China
- Shaanxi Engineering Laboratory of Food Green Processing and Safety Control, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, Shaanxi China
| | - Qingjun Kong
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Characteristic Fruit Storage and Preservation, College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, Shaanxi China
- Shaanxi Engineering Laboratory of Food Green Processing and Safety Control, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, Shaanxi China
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Anić M, Kontić JK, Rendulić N, Čarija M, Osrečak M, Karoglan M, Andabaka Ž. Evolution of Leaf Chlorophylls, Carotenoids and Phenolic Compounds during Vegetation of Some Croatian Indigenous Red and White Grape Cultivars. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:971. [PMID: 38611500 PMCID: PMC11013110 DOI: 10.3390/plants13070971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
During the ripening process of grapes, the grapevine leaves are the most active green organs that are important for photosynthesis, which is closely linked to the development and metabolism of the plant. The detection of plant pigments and phenolic compounds in grapevine leaves can be a good indicator of the ageing process, vine vigor and the plant's ability to respond to fungal attack. In a one-year study, the development of leaf chlorophylls, carotenoids and phenolic compounds during the ripening of six indigenous Croatian grape cultivars and the international cultivars Merlot and Chardonnay was investigated. The chlorophyll a/b ratio and total chlorophyll and total carotenoid concentrations were also investigated. PCA was used to highlight relevant information from the data with the aim of distinguishing individual compounds based on the cultivar and phenological stage. The leaf total hydroxycinnamic acid and flavan-3-ol concentrations decreased slowly during grape development, with the highest concentration immediately after flowering and the lowest during grape ripening. The concentrations of β-carotene, lutein and xanthophylls tended to decrease during bunch closure or veraison, while the concentration of chlorophylls a and b peaked during veraison and then decreased during grape ripening. This research will provide an opportunity to select cultivars with the physiological adaptation to synthesize secondary metabolites that are important for managing stress conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Anić
- Division of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Department of Viticulture and Enology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zagreb, Svetošimunska Cesta 25, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (M.A.); (J.K.K.); (N.R.); (M.O.); (Ž.A.)
| | - Jasminka Karoglan Kontić
- Division of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Department of Viticulture and Enology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zagreb, Svetošimunska Cesta 25, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (M.A.); (J.K.K.); (N.R.); (M.O.); (Ž.A.)
- Centre of Excellence for Biodiversity and Molecular Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Nera Rendulić
- Division of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Department of Viticulture and Enology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zagreb, Svetošimunska Cesta 25, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (M.A.); (J.K.K.); (N.R.); (M.O.); (Ž.A.)
| | - Mate Čarija
- Institute for Adriatic Crops and Karst Reclamation, Put Duilova 11, 21000 Split, Croatia;
| | - Mirela Osrečak
- Division of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Department of Viticulture and Enology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zagreb, Svetošimunska Cesta 25, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (M.A.); (J.K.K.); (N.R.); (M.O.); (Ž.A.)
| | - Marko Karoglan
- Division of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Department of Viticulture and Enology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zagreb, Svetošimunska Cesta 25, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (M.A.); (J.K.K.); (N.R.); (M.O.); (Ž.A.)
| | - Željko Andabaka
- Division of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Department of Viticulture and Enology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zagreb, Svetošimunska Cesta 25, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (M.A.); (J.K.K.); (N.R.); (M.O.); (Ž.A.)
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Zheng X, Li M, Zhang X, Chen J, Ge X, Li S, Tian J, Tian S. Unraveling the mechanism of potato ( Solanum tuberosum L.) tuber sprouting using transcriptome and metabolome analyses. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 14:1300067. [PMID: 38250446 PMCID: PMC10796687 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1300067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
Sprouting is an irreversible deterioration of potato quality, which leads to the production of harmful toxins and loss of the commercial value of potatoes. However, there is no report on the changes in different stages of potato sprouting through transcriptome and metabonomics. In this study, 1471 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were found between DP and BP. In comparison with SP, a total of 6309 DEGs were detected in BP. Additionally, 6624 DEGs were identified between DP and SP. Moreover, 96 and 117 differentially accumulated metabolites (DAMs) were detected between DP and BP and between BP and SP, respectively. Furthermore, 130 DAMs were identified in total between DP and SP. In each group, a correlation analysis of DAMs and DEGs was performed to examine the regulatory network. The results indicated that the sprouting of tubers is mainly regulated by plant hormone signals, and during the sprouting of tubers, significant changes in metabolic products occur in the body. According to the combined analysis of transcriptomics and metabolomics, multiple metabolites were both positive and negative regulated by genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyuan Zheng
- Agricultural Product Storage and Processing Research Institute, Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Gansu, Lanzhou, China
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Mei Li
- Agricultural Product Storage and Processing Research Institute, Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Gansu, Lanzhou, China
- Gansu Innovation Center of Fruit and Vegetable Storage and Processing, Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Xuejiao Zhang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Jianxin Chen
- Agricultural Product Storage and Processing Research Institute, Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Gansu, Lanzhou, China
- Gansu Innovation Center of Fruit and Vegetable Storage and Processing, Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Xia Ge
- Agricultural Product Storage and Processing Research Institute, Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Gansu, Lanzhou, China
- Gansu Innovation Center of Fruit and Vegetable Storage and Processing, Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Shouqiang Li
- Agricultural Product Storage and Processing Research Institute, Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Gansu, Lanzhou, China
- Gansu Innovation Center of Fruit and Vegetable Storage and Processing, Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Jiachun Tian
- Agricultural Product Storage and Processing Research Institute, Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Gansu, Lanzhou, China
- Gansu Innovation Center of Fruit and Vegetable Storage and Processing, Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Shilong Tian
- Agricultural Product Storage and Processing Research Institute, Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Gansu, Lanzhou, China
- Gansu Innovation Center of Fruit and Vegetable Storage and Processing, Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
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Marques C, Dinis LT, Santos MJ, Mota J, Vilela A. Beyond the Bottle: Exploring Health-Promoting Compounds in Wine and Wine-Related Products-Extraction, Detection, Quantification, Aroma Properties, and Terroir Effects. Foods 2023; 12:4277. [PMID: 38231704 DOI: 10.3390/foods12234277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Health-promoting compounds in wine and wine-related products are important due to their potential benefits to human health. Through an extensive literature review, this study explores the presence of these compounds in wine and wine-related products, examining their relationship with terroir and their impact on the aromatic and flavor properties that are perceived orally: sunlight exposure, rainfall patterns, and soil composition impact grapevines' synthesis and accumulation of health-promoting compounds. Enzymes, pH, and the oral microbiome are crucial in sensory evaluation and perception of health promotion. Moreover, their analysis of health-promoting compounds in wine and wine-related products relies on considerations such as the specific target compound, selectivity, sensitivity, and the complexity of the matrix.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catarina Marques
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, P.O. Box 1013, 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Lia-Tânia Dinis
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, P.O. Box 1013, 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Maria João Santos
- University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, P.O. Box 1013, 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal
| | - João Mota
- University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, P.O. Box 1013, 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Alice Vilela
- Chemistry Research Centre (CQ-VR), Department of Agronomy, School of Agrarian and Veterinary Sciences, University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, P.O. Box 1013, 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal
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8
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Noronha H, Silva A, Garcia V, Billet K, Dias ACP, Lanoue A, Gallusci P, Gerós H. Grapevine woody tissues accumulate stilbenoids following bud burst. PLANTA 2023; 258:118. [PMID: 37962720 PMCID: PMC10645632 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-023-04270-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
MAIN CONCLUSION After bud burst, a transcriptional reprogramming of the shikimate and phenylpropanoid pathways occurs in grapevine canes resulting in the accumulation of stilbenoids like resveratrol and viniferin. Stilbenoids are phenylpropanoid compounds with important biological properties and biotechnological applications that are synthesized in grapevine in response to different stresses. Although they are found in woody tissues, such as canes and buds, their biosynthesis and accumulation have been essentially described in berries. We have previously shown that transcripts encoding secondary metabolism enzymes accumulate in grapevine canes following the transition from dormancy (E-L 1) to bud burst (E-L 4) suggesting that secondary metabolites may accumulate in grapevine canes during this transition. In the present study, using UPLC-MS we demonstrate the accumulation of important metabolites such as ferulic acid and the stilbenoids E-resveratrol, E-piceatannol and E-ε-viniferin. Stilbenoids accumulation correlated with the increased expression of several stilbene synthase genes and of VviMYB14, encoding a transcription factor that regulates stilbene biosynthesis. In addition, a general stimulation of the plastidial shikimate pathway was observed. Taken together, results show that important secondary metabolites accumulate in the woody canes during bud burst. These findings may aid biotechnological approaches aimed at extracting biologically active phenolic compounds, including stilbenoids, from grapevine woody tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henrique Noronha
- Department of Biology, Centre of Molecular and Environmental Biology (CBMA), University of Minho, Braga, Portugal.
| | - Angélica Silva
- Department of Biology, Centre of Molecular and Environmental Biology (CBMA), University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
| | - Virginie Garcia
- UMR EGFV, Bordeaux Sciences Agro, INRAE, Université de Bordeaux, 210 Chemin de Leysotte, CS 50008, 33882, Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Kévin Billet
- EA 2106 Biomolécules et Biotechnologies Végétales, UFR des Sciences Pharmaceutiques, Université de Tours, 31 Av. Monge, 37200, Tours, France
| | - Alberto C P Dias
- Department of Biology, Centre of Molecular and Environmental Biology (CBMA), University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
| | - Arnaud Lanoue
- EA 2106 Biomolécules et Biotechnologies Végétales, UFR des Sciences Pharmaceutiques, Université de Tours, 31 Av. Monge, 37200, Tours, France
| | - Philippe Gallusci
- UMR EGFV, Bordeaux Sciences Agro, INRAE, Université de Bordeaux, 210 Chemin de Leysotte, CS 50008, 33882, Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Hernâni Gerós
- Department of Biology, Centre of Molecular and Environmental Biology (CBMA), University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
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Li Q, Yao J, Zheng W, Wang J, Liao L, Sun G, Wang X, Deng H, Zhang M, Wang Z, Xiong B. Hetero-grafting affects flavonoid biosynthesis in sweet orange 'Newhall' ( Citrus sinensis) peels: a metabolomics and transcriptomics analysis. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1218426. [PMID: 37465384 PMCID: PMC10351390 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1218426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023]
Abstract
Citrus cultivation involves the widespread practice of grafting, which has a significant impact on citrus development and fruit quality and yield. However, understanding the effect of flavonoid compounds after different rootstock grafting have been limited. Flavonoid compounds, found at the highest levels in citrus peels, contribute to improving fruit quality and nutritional value. In this study, scion-rootstock interaction was investigated at various developmental stages when sweet orange 'Newhall' was hetero-grafted with two commonly used rootstocks (Poncirus trifoliate population, C. junos Siebold ex Tanaka). Physiological index detection showed a higher concentration of total flavonoid content in peels of sweet orange 'Newhall' grafted on Poncirus trifoliate population (ct) than C. junos Siebold ex Tanaka (cj). Further metabolomic analysis identified 703 flavonoid compounds, including flavones, flavonols, and flavanones. Out of the 25 flavonoids affected by different rootstock grafting and developmental stages, most were flavones. Transcriptomic analysis identified 8,562 differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Co-expression and Pearson's correlation analysis discovered six hub structure genes and 19 transcription factors (TFs) that affected flavonoid biosynthesis. In addition to increasing the transcript levels of genes that synthesize flavones, flavonols, and flavanones, the scion-rootstock interaction also affected the expression of many TFs. Taken together, our findings suggested that hetero-grafting could promote the accumulation of flavonoid compounds in citrus peels during the development stages. These results offered fresh perspectives on grafting's application usefulness and the enhancement of the accumulation of nutritive flavonoid components by grafting in citrus.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Bo Xiong
- *Correspondence: Zhihui Wang, ; Bo Xiong,
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10
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Ahmad N, Zhang K, Ma J, Yuan M, Zhao S, Wang M, Deng L, Ren L, Gangurde SS, Pan J, Ma C, Li C, Guo B, Wang X, Li A, Zhao C. Transcriptional networks orchestrating red and pink testa color in peanut. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 23:44. [PMID: 36658483 PMCID: PMC9850581 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-023-04041-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Testa color is an important trait of peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) which is closely related with the nutritional and commercial value. Pink and red are main color of peanut testa. However, the genetic mechanism of testa color regulation in peanut is not fully understood. To elucidate a clear picture of peanut testa regulatory model, samples of pink cultivar (Y9102), red cultivar (ZH12), and two RNA pools (bulk red and bulk pink) constructed from F4 lines of Y9102 x ZH12 were compared through a bulk RNA-seq approach. RESULTS A total of 2992 differential expressed genes (DEGs) were identified among which 317 and 1334 were up-regulated and 225 and 1116 were down-regulated in the bulk red-vs-bulk pink RNA pools and Y9102-vs-ZH12, respectively. KEGG analysis indicates that these genes were divided into significantly enriched metabolic pathways including phenylpropanoid, flavonoid/anthocyanin, isoflavonoid and lignin biosynthetic pathways. Notably, the expression of the anthocyanin upstream regulatory genes PAL, CHS, and CHI was upregulated in pink and red testa peanuts, indicating that their regulation may occur before to the advent of testa pigmentation. However, the differential expression of down-stream regulatory genes including F3H, DFR, and ANS revealed that deepening of testa color not only depends on their gene expression bias, but also linked with FLS inhibition. In addition, the down-regulation of HCT, IFS, HID, 7-IOMT, and I2'H genes provided an alternative mechanism for promoting anthocyanin accumulation via perturbation of lignin and isoflavone pathways. Furthermore, the co-expression module of MYB, bHLH, and WRKY transcription factors also suggested a fascinating transcriptional activation complex, where MYB-bHLH could utilize WRKY as a co-option during the testa color regulation by augmenting anthocyanin biosynthesis in peanut. CONCLUSIONS These findings reveal candidate functional genes and potential strategies for the manipulation of anthocyanin biosynthesis to improve peanut varieties with desirable testa color.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naveed Ahmad
- Institute of crop germplasm resources (Institute of Biotechnology), Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Ecology and Physiology, Jinan, 250100, People's Republic of China
- Joint Center for Single Cell Biology, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Kun Zhang
- Institute of crop germplasm resources (Institute of Biotechnology), Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Ecology and Physiology, Jinan, 250100, People's Republic of China
- College of Agricultural Science and Technology, Shandong Agriculture and Engineering University, Jinan, 250100, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Ma
- Institute of crop germplasm resources (Institute of Biotechnology), Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Ecology and Physiology, Jinan, 250100, People's Republic of China
- College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, 250014, People's Republic of China
| | - Mei Yuan
- Shandong Peanut Research Institute, Qingdao, 266199, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuzhen Zhao
- Institute of crop germplasm resources (Institute of Biotechnology), Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Ecology and Physiology, Jinan, 250100, People's Republic of China
| | - Mingqing Wang
- Shandong Peanut Research Institute, Qingdao, 266199, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Deng
- Kaifeng Academy of Agriculture and Forestry, Kaifeng, 475008, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Ren
- Kaifeng Academy of Agriculture and Forestry, Kaifeng, 475008, People's Republic of China
| | - Sunil S Gangurde
- Crop Protection and Management Research Unit, USDA-ARS, Tifton, GA, 31793, USA
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of Georgia, Tifton, GA, 31793, USA
| | - Jiaowen Pan
- Institute of crop germplasm resources (Institute of Biotechnology), Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Ecology and Physiology, Jinan, 250100, People's Republic of China
| | - Changle Ma
- College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, 250014, People's Republic of China
| | - Changsheng Li
- Institute of crop germplasm resources (Institute of Biotechnology), Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Ecology and Physiology, Jinan, 250100, People's Republic of China
| | - Baozhu Guo
- Crop Protection and Management Research Unit, USDA-ARS, Tifton, GA, 31793, USA
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of Georgia, Tifton, GA, 31793, USA
| | - Xingjun Wang
- Institute of crop germplasm resources (Institute of Biotechnology), Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Ecology and Physiology, Jinan, 250100, People's Republic of China
- College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, 250014, People's Republic of China
| | - Aiqin Li
- Institute of crop germplasm resources (Institute of Biotechnology), Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Ecology and Physiology, Jinan, 250100, People's Republic of China.
| | - Chuanzhi Zhao
- Institute of crop germplasm resources (Institute of Biotechnology), Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Ecology and Physiology, Jinan, 250100, People's Republic of China.
- College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, 250014, People's Republic of China.
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11
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Colzi I, Gonnelli C, Vergata C, Golia G, Coppi A, Castellani MB, Giovino A, Buti M, Sabato T, Capuana M, Aprile A, De Bellis L, Cicatelli A, Guarino F, Castiglione S, Ioannou AG, Fotopoulos V, Martinelli F. Transgenerational effects of chromium stress at the phenotypic and molecular level in Arabidopsis thaliana. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 442:130092. [PMID: 36303345 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.130092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2022] [Revised: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we describe the results obtained in a study of the transgenerational phenotypic effects of chromium (Cr) stress on the model plant species Arabidopsis thaliana. The F1 generation derived from parents grown under chronic and medium chronic stress showed significantly higher levels of the maximal effective concentration (EC50) compared with F1 plants generated from unstressed parents. Moreover, F1 plants from Cr-stressed parents showed a higher germination rate when grown in the presence of Cr. F1 plants derived from parents cultivated under chronic Cr stress displayed reduced hydrogen peroxide levels under Cr stress compared to controls. At lower Cr stress levels, F1 plants were observed to activate promptly more genes involved in Cr stress responses than F0 plants, implying a memory effect linked to transgenerational priming. At higher Cr levels, and at later stages, F1 plants modulated significantly fewer genes than F0 plants, implying a memory effect leading to Cr stress adaptation. Several bHLH transcription factors were induced by Cr stress in F1 but not in F0 plants, including bHLH100, ORG2 and ORG3. F1 plants optimized gene expression towards pathways linked to iron starvation response. A model of the transcriptional regulation of transgenerational memory to Cr stress is presented here, and could be applied for other heavy metal stresses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilaria Colzi
- Department of Biology, University of Florence, Italy.
| | | | | | | | - Andrea Coppi
- Department of Biology, University of Florence, Italy.
| | | | - Antonio Giovino
- CREA Consiglio per la ricerca in Agricoltura e l'analisi dell'economia agraria, Centro di Ricerca Difesa e Certificazione, Bagheria, Italy.
| | - Matteo Buti
- Department of Agriculture, Food, Environment and Forestry (DAGRI), University of Florence, Italy.
| | | | - Maurizio Capuana
- Institute of Biosciences and Bioresources, National Research Council, Italy.
| | - Alessio Aprile
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies, University of Salento, 73100 Lecce, Italy.
| | - Luigi De Bellis
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies, University of Salento, 73100 Lecce, Italy.
| | - Angela Cicatelli
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, University of Salerno, Italy.
| | | | | | - Andreas G Ioannou
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, Biotechnology and Food Science, Cyprus University of Technology, 3603 Lemesos, Cyprus.
| | - Vasileios Fotopoulos
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, Biotechnology and Food Science, Cyprus University of Technology, 3603 Lemesos, Cyprus.
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12
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Palai G, Caruso G, Gucci R, D’Onofrio C. Berry flavonoids are differently modulated by timing and intensities of water deficit in Vitis vinifera L. cv. Sangiovese. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:1040899. [PMID: 36388597 PMCID: PMC9659973 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1040899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
In this work, we tested the effect of different regulated deficit irrigation (RDI) regimes on berry flavonoid content and its relative biosynthetic pathways. Vines were subjected to six irrigation regimes over two consecutive years: a) full irrigation during the entire irrigation period (FI); b) moderate (RDI-1M) or c) severe (RDI-1S) water deficit between berry pea-size and veraison; d) severe water deficit during the lag-phase (RDI-LS); and e) moderate (RDI-2M) or f) severe (RDI-2S) water deficit from veraison through harvest. Berries from both RDI-1 treatments showed the highest accumulation of anthocyanins, upregulating the expression of many genes of the flavonoid pathway since the beginning of veraison until harvest, far after the water deficit was released. Although to a lesser degree than RDI-1, both post-veraison water deficit treatments increased anthocyanin concentration, particularly those of the tri-substituted forms, overexpressing the F3'5'H hydroxylases. The moderate deficit irrigation treatments enhanced anthocyanin accumulation with respect to the severe ones regardless of the period when they were applied (pre- or post-veraison). The water deficit imposed during the lag-phase downregulated many genes throughout the flavonoid pathway, showing a slight reduction in anthocyanin accumulation. The measurements of cluster temperature and light exposure highlighted that under deficit irrigation conditions, the effects induced by water stress prevailed over that of light and temperature in regulating anthocyanin biosynthesis. Flavonol concentration was higher in RDI-1S berries due to the upregulation of the flavonol synthases and the flavonol-3-O-glycosyltransferases. In this case, the higher cluster light exposure induced by water deficit in RDI-1S berries had a major role in flavonol accumulation. We conclude that the timing and intensity of water stress strongly regulate the berry flavonoid accumulation and that proper management of deficit irrigation can modulate the phenylpropanoid and flavonoid pathways.
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13
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Xing A, Wang X, Nazir MF, Zhang X, Wang X, Yang R, Chen B, Fu G, Wang J, Ge H, Peng Z, Jia Y, He S, Du X. Transcriptomic and metabolomic profiling of flavonoid biosynthesis provides novel insights into petals coloration in Asian cotton (Gossypium arboreum L.). BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2022; 22:416. [PMID: 36038835 PMCID: PMC9425979 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-022-03800-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Asian cotton (Gossypium arboreum L.), as a precious germplasm resource of cotton with insect resistance and stress tolerance, possesses a broad spectrum of phenotypic variation related to pigmentation. Flower color affects insect pollination and the ornamental value of plants. Studying flower color of Asian cotton varieties improves the rate of hybridization and thus enriches the diversity of germplasm resources. Meanwhile, it also impacts the development of the horticultural industry. Unfortunately, there is a clear lack of studies concerning intricate mechanisms of cotton flower-color differentiation. Hereby, we report an integrative approach utilizing transcriptome and metabolome concerning flower color variation in three Gossypium arboreum cultivars. RESULTS A total of 215 differentially accumulated metabolites (DAMs) were identified, including 83 differentially accumulated flavonoids (DAFs). Colorless kaempferol was more abundant in white flowers, while gossypetin-fer showed specificity in white flowers. Quercetin and gossypetin were the main contributors to yellow petal formation. Pelargonidin 3-O-beta-D-glucoside and cyanidin-3-O-(6''-Malonylglucoside) showed high accumulation levels in purple petals. Quercetin and gossypetin pigments also promoted purple flower coloration. Moreover, 8178 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified by RNA sequencing. The correlation results between total anthocyanins and DEGs were explored, indicating that 10 key structural genes and 29 transcription factors promoted anthocyanin biosynthesis and could be candidates for anthocyanin accumulation. Ultimately, we constructed co-expression networks of key DAFs and DEGs and demonstrated the interactions between specific metabolites and transcripts in different color flowers. CONCLUSION This study provides new insights into elucidating the regulatory mechanisms of cotton flower color and lays a potential foundation for generate cotton varieties with highly attractive flowers for pollinators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aishuang Xing
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, 455000, China
| | - Xiaoyang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, 455000, China
| | - Mian Faisal Nazir
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, 455000, China
| | - Xiaomeng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, 455000, China
| | - Xiuxiu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, 455000, China
| | - Ru Yang
- Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou Henan, 450001, China
| | - Baojun Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, 455000, China
| | - Guoyong Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, 455000, China
| | - Jingjing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, 455000, China
| | - Hao Ge
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, 455000, China
| | - Zhen Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, 455000, China
- Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou Henan, 450001, China
| | - Yinhua Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, 455000, China
| | - Shoupu He
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, 455000, China.
- Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou Henan, 450001, China.
| | - Xiongming Du
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, 455000, China.
- Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou Henan, 450001, China.
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14
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Xue X, Zhao A, Wang Y, Ren H, Li Y, Li D, Du J. Metabolomics‐based analysis of flavonoid metabolites in Chinese jujube and sour jujube fruits from different harvest periods. J Food Sci 2022; 87:3752-3765. [DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.16290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Revised: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofang Xue
- Research Institute of Pomology; Shanxi Agricultural University Taigu China
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Germplasm Improvement and Utilization in Pomology Taiyuan China
- College of Horticulture Shanxi Agricultural University Taigu China
| | - Ailing Zhao
- Research Institute of Pomology; Shanxi Agricultural University Taigu China
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Germplasm Improvement and Utilization in Pomology Taiyuan China
| | - Yongkang Wang
- Research Institute of Pomology; Shanxi Agricultural University Taigu China
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Germplasm Improvement and Utilization in Pomology Taiyuan China
| | - Haiyan Ren
- Research Institute of Pomology; Shanxi Agricultural University Taigu China
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Germplasm Improvement and Utilization in Pomology Taiyuan China
| | - Yi Li
- Research Institute of Pomology; Shanxi Agricultural University Taigu China
| | - Dengke Li
- Research Institute of Pomology; Shanxi Agricultural University Taigu China
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Germplasm Improvement and Utilization in Pomology Taiyuan China
| | - Junjie Du
- College of Horticulture Shanxi Agricultural University Taigu China
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15
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Tomada S, Agati G, Serni E, Michelini S, Lazazzara V, Pedri U, Sanoll C, Matteazzi A, Robatscher P, Haas F. Non-destructive fluorescence sensing for assessing microclimate, site and defoliation effects on flavonol dynamics and sugar prediction in Pinot blanc grapes. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0273166. [PMID: 35972948 PMCID: PMC9380915 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0273166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
In an era of growing international competition in modern viticulture, the study and implementation of innovative technologies to increase the production of high-quality grapes and wines are of critical importance. In this study, the non-destructive portable sensor Multiplex, based on fluorescence sensing technique, was applied to evaluate grape maturity parameters and flavonol content of the understudied Pinot blanc variety. The effects of environmental and agronomical factors on flavonol content of Pinot blanc grapes were investigated in eight vineyards characterised by different microclimatic and agronomic conditions. Furthermore, the direct impact of canopy management treatment on the flavonol dynamics of the grapes oriented in the four cardinal directions was assessed. Results highlight the positive role of moderate temperatures and direct sunlight exposure on Pinot blanc flavonol content; however, no direct vineyard-elevation effect was observed. The ability to modulate and evaluate the flavonol content in field represent crucial factors because of their potential effect on flavonoids-dependent wine characteristics, such as stability and ageing. In the present study, for the first time, two calibration curves were reported for pre- and post-veraison periods between flavonol indices and the berry skin flavonol content and a good correlation was observed between Multiplex measurement and the total polyphenolic content of grape juice. Moreover, the strong correlation between the chlorophyll index with grape juice sugar content and titratable acidity revealed the practical application of non-destructive sensors to predict the optimal harvest time for Pinot blanc grapes. In conclusion, the non-destructive fluorescence sensor Multiplex is a high-potential tool for innovative viticulture, for evaluating grape skin composition variables in white grape varieties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Selena Tomada
- Laimburg Research Centre, Laimburg, Italy
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Free University of Bozen-Bolzano, Bolzano, Italy
- * E-mail:
| | - Giovanni Agati
- Istituto di Fisica Applicata ‘Nello Carrara’, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
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16
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Li Y, Li P, Zhang L, Shu J, Court MH, Sun Z, Jiang L, Zheng C, Shu H, Ji L, Zhang S. Genome-wide analysis of the apple family 1 glycosyltransferases identified a flavonoid-modifying UGT, MdUGT83L3, which is targeted by MdMYB88 and contributes to stress adaptation. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2022; 321:111314. [PMID: 35696914 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2022.111314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Revised: 04/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
The plant family 1 UDP-glycosyltransferases (UGTs) are increasingly being investigated because of their contribution to plant secondary metabolism and other diverse biological roles. The apple (Malus domestica) is one of the most widely cultivated fruit trees with great economic importance. However, little is known regarding the apple UGTs. In this study, we identified 229 members of family 1 through a genome-wide analysis of the apple UGTs, which were clustered into 18 groups, from A to R. We also performed detailed analysis of 34 apple UGTs by quantitative RT-PCR, and discovered a number of stress-regulated UGTs. Among them, we characterized the role of MD09G1064900, also named MdUGT83L3, which was significantly induced by salt and cold. In vivo analysis showed that it has high activity towards cyanidin, and moderate activity towards quercetin and keampferol. Transgenic callus and regenerated apple plants overexpressing MdUGT83L3 showed enhanced tolerance to salt and cold treatments. Overexpression of MdUGT83L3 also increased anthocyanin accumulation in the callus tissues and enhanced ROS clearing upon exposure to salt and cold stresses. Furthermore, via yeast-one-hybrid assay, EMSA and CHIP analyses, we also found that MdUGT83L3 could be directly regulated by MdMYB88. Our study indicated that MdUGT83L3, under the regulation of MdMYB88, plays important roles in salt and cold stress adaptation via modulating flavonoid metabolism in apple.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanjie Li
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environment Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, PR China
| | - Pan Li
- School of Pharmacy, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, Shandong 250000, PR China
| | - Lei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong 271018, PR China
| | - Jing Shu
- Shandong Agriculture and Engineering University, Jinan, Shandong 250100, PR China
| | - Michael H Court
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, USA
| | - Zhuojing Sun
- Science and Technology Development Center of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, PR China
| | - Lepu Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong 271018, PR China
| | - Chengchao Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong 271018, PR China
| | - Huairui Shu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong 271018, PR China
| | - Lusha Ji
- School of Pharmacy, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, Shandong 250000, PR China.
| | - Shizhong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong 271018, PR China.
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Lin Y, Laosatit K, Liu J, Chen J, Yuan X, Somta P, Chen X. The mungbean VrP locus encoding MYB90, an R2R3-type MYB protein, regulates anthocyanin biosynthesis. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:895634. [PMID: 35937322 PMCID: PMC9355716 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.895634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Anthocyanins are water-soluble pigments present in several tissues/parts of plants. The pigments provide color and are wildly known for health benefits for human, insect attraction for plant pollination, and stress resistance in plants. Anthocyanin content variations in mungbean [Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek] were first noticed a long time ago, but the genetic mechanism controlling the anthocyanins in mungbean remains unknown. An F2 population derived from the cross between purple-hypocotyl (V2709) and green-hypocotyl (Sulv1) mungbeans was used to map the VrP locus controlling purple hypocotyl. The VrP locus was mapped to a 78.9-kb region on chromosome 4. Sequence comparison and gene expression analysis identified an R2R3-MYB gene VrMYB90 as the candidate gene for the VrP locus. Haplotype analysis using 124 mungbean accessions suggested that 10 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in exon 3 may lead to an abolished expression of VrMYB90 and an absence of anthocyanin accumulation in the hypocotyl of Sulv1 and KPS2. The overexpression of VrMYB90 in mungbean hairy root, tobacco leaf, and Arabidopsis resulted in anthocyanin accumulation (purple color). Gene expression analysis demonstrated that VrMYB90 regulated anthocyanin accumulation in the hypocotyl, stem, petiole, and flowers, and the expression was sensitive to light. VrMYB90 protein may upregulate VrDFR encoding dihydroflavonol 4-reductase at the late biosynthesis step of anthocyanins in mungbeans. These results suggest that VrMYB90 is the dominator in the spatiotemporal regulation of anthocyanin biosynthesis. Our results provide insight into the biosynthesis mechanism of anthocyanin and a theoretical basis for breeding mungbeans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Lin
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Horticultural Crop Genetic Improvement, Institute of Industrial Crops, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Kularb Laosatit
- Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture at Kamphaeng Saen, Kasetsart University, Kamphaeng Saen, Thailand
| | - Jinyang Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Horticultural Crop Genetic Improvement, Institute of Industrial Crops, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Jingbing Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Horticultural Crop Genetic Improvement, Institute of Industrial Crops, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Xingxing Yuan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Horticultural Crop Genetic Improvement, Institute of Industrial Crops, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Prakit Somta
- Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture at Kamphaeng Saen, Kasetsart University, Kamphaeng Saen, Thailand
| | - Xin Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Horticultural Crop Genetic Improvement, Institute of Industrial Crops, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China
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18
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Zheng X, Li M, Tian S, Li S, Chen J, Zhang X, Wu X, Ge X, Tian J, Mu Y, Song J. Integrated Analysis of Transcriptome and Metabolome Reveals the Mechanism of Chlorine Dioxide Repressed Potato ( Solanum tuberosum L.) Tuber Sprouting. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:887179. [PMID: 35693162 PMCID: PMC9175755 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.887179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Sprouting is an irreversible deterioration of potato quality, which not only causes loss in their commercial value but also produces harmful toxins. As a popular disinfectant, ClO2 can inhibit the sprouting of potato tubers. Using transcriptomic and metabolomic approaches to understand the repressive mechanism of ClO2 in potato sprouting is yet to be reported. Sequencing the transcriptome and metabolome of potatoes treated with ClO2 in this study revealed a total of 3,119 differentially expressed genes, with 1,247 and 1,872 genes showing down- and upregulated expression, respectively. The majority of the downregulated genes were associated with plant hormone signal transduction, whereas upregulated differential genes were associated primarily with biological processes, such as phenylpropanoid biosynthesis and the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway. Metabonomic assays identified a total of 932 metabolites, with 33 and 52 metabolites being down- and upregulated, respectively. Downregulated metabolites were mostly alkaloids, amino acids, and their derivatives, whereas upregulated metabolites were composed mainly of flavonoids and coumarins. Integrated transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses showed that many different metabolites were regulated by several different genes, forming a complex regulatory network. These results provide new insights for understanding the mechanism of ClO2-mediated repression of potato sprouting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyuan Zheng
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Mei Li
- Agricultural Product Storage and Processing Research Institute, Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China
- Gansu Innovation Center of Fruit and Vegetable Storage and Processing, Lanzhou, China
| | - Shilong Tian
- Agricultural Product Storage and Processing Research Institute, Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China
- Gansu Innovation Center of Fruit and Vegetable Storage and Processing, Lanzhou, China
| | - Shouqiang Li
- Agricultural Product Storage and Processing Research Institute, Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China
- Gansu Innovation Center of Fruit and Vegetable Storage and Processing, Lanzhou, China
| | - Jianxin Chen
- Agricultural Product Storage and Processing Research Institute, Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China
- Gansu Innovation Center of Fruit and Vegetable Storage and Processing, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xuejiao Zhang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xiaohua Wu
- Agricultural Product Storage and Processing Research Institute, Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China
- Gansu Innovation Center of Fruit and Vegetable Storage and Processing, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xia Ge
- Agricultural Product Storage and Processing Research Institute, Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China
- Gansu Innovation Center of Fruit and Vegetable Storage and Processing, Lanzhou, China
| | - Jiachun Tian
- Agricultural Product Storage and Processing Research Institute, Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China
- Gansu Innovation Center of Fruit and Vegetable Storage and Processing, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yuwen Mu
- Agricultural Product Storage and Processing Research Institute, Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China
- Gansu Innovation Center of Fruit and Vegetable Storage and Processing, Lanzhou, China
| | - Juan Song
- Agricultural Product Storage and Processing Research Institute, Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China
- Gansu Innovation Center of Fruit and Vegetable Storage and Processing, Lanzhou, China
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19
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Tsurumoto T, Fujikawa Y, Onoda Y, Kamimori M, Hiramatsu K, Tanimoto H, Ohta D, Okazawa A. Effect of high-dose 290 nm UV-B on resveratrol content in grape skins. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2022; 86:502-508. [PMID: 35092419 DOI: 10.1093/bbb/zbac014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
UV-C irradiation increases resveratrol content in grape skins, but it reaches a maximum at a certain UV-C dose. In contrast, UV-B has a weak resveratrol-enhancing effect at low doses, but it has not been investigated at high doses. In this study, we investigated the effect of high-dose UV-B on resveratrol contents in grape skins. Irradiation of Muscat Bailey A with 290 nm UV-B LED at 22 500 and 225 000 µmol m-2 increased the resveratrol contents in the grape skins by 2.1- and 9.0-fold, respectively, without significant increases in other phenolic compounds. The effect was also confirmed for 2 other cultivars: Shine Muscat and Delaware. Transcriptome analysis of the grape skins of Muscat Bailey A immediately after irradiation with UV-B at 225 000 µmol m-2 showed that genes related to biotic and abiotic stresses were upregulated. Hence, it was suggested that high-dose UV-B irradiation induces a stress response and specifically activates resveratrol biosynthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomohiro Tsurumoto
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, Sakai, Japan.,Yokohama Research Center, Nichia Corporation, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Yasuo Fujikawa
- Yokohama Research Center, Nichia Corporation, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Yushi Onoda
- Yokohama Research Center, Nichia Corporation, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Masahiro Kamimori
- Research Institute of Environment, Agriculture and Fisheries, Osaka Prefecture, Habikino, Japan
| | - Kazuya Hiramatsu
- Research Institute of Environment, Agriculture and Fisheries, Osaka Prefecture, Habikino, Japan
| | - Hideo Tanimoto
- Research Institute of Environment, Agriculture and Fisheries, Osaka Prefecture, Habikino, Japan
| | - Daisaku Ohta
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, Sakai, Japan
| | - Atsushi Okazawa
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, Sakai, Japan
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20
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Zhang F, Zhong H, Zhou X, Pan M, Xu J, Liu M, Wang M, Liu G, Xu T, Wang Y, Wu X, Xu Y. Grafting with rootstocks promotes phenolic compound accumulation in grape berry skin during development based on integrative multi-omics analysis. HORTICULTURE RESEARCH 2022; 9:uhac055. [PMID: 35664240 PMCID: PMC9154076 DOI: 10.1093/hr/uhac055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2021] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
In viticulture, grafting has been practiced widely and influences grape development as well as berry and wine quality. However, there is limited understanding of the effects of rootstocks on grape phenolic compounds, which are located primarily in the berry skin and contribute to certain sensory attributes of wine. In this study, scion-rootstock interactions were investigated at the green-berry stage and the veraison stage when grapevines were hetero-grafted with three commonly used rootstock genotypes (5BB, 101-14MG, and SO4). Physiological investigations showed that hetero-grafts, especially CS/5BB, contained higher concentrations of total proanthocyanidins (PAs) and various PA components in berry skins compared with the auto-grafted grapevines. Further metabolomics analysis identified 105 differentially accumulated flavonoid compounds, the majority of which, including anthocyanins, PAs, and flavonols, were significantly increased in the berry skins of hetero-grafted grapevines compared with auto-grafted controls. In addition, transcriptomic analysis of the same samples identified several thousand differentially expressed genes between hetero-grafted and auto-grafted vines. The three rootstocks not only increased the transcript levels of stilbene, anthocyanin, PA, and flavonol synthesis genes but also affected the expression of numerous transcription factor genes. Taken together, our results suggest that hetero-grafting can promote phenolic compound accumulation in grape berry skin during development. These findings provide new insights for improving the application value of grafting by enhancing the accumulation of nutritious phenolic components in grape.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fuchun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, 712100, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
- Institute of Horticulture Crops, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences (Key Laboratory of Genome Research and Genetic Improvement of Xinjiang Characteristic Fruits and Vegetables), 830091, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Haixia Zhong
- Institute of Horticulture Crops, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences (Key Laboratory of Genome Research and Genetic Improvement of Xinjiang Characteristic Fruits and Vegetables), 830091, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Xiaoming Zhou
- Institute of Horticulture Crops, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences (Key Laboratory of Genome Research and Genetic Improvement of Xinjiang Characteristic Fruits and Vegetables), 830091, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Mingqi Pan
- Institute of Horticulture Crops, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences (Key Laboratory of Genome Research and Genetic Improvement of Xinjiang Characteristic Fruits and Vegetables), 830091, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Juan Xu
- Institute of Horticulture Crops, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences (Key Laboratory of Genome Research and Genetic Improvement of Xinjiang Characteristic Fruits and Vegetables), 830091, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Mingbo Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, 712100, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
- Institute of Horticulture Crops, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences (Key Laboratory of Genome Research and Genetic Improvement of Xinjiang Characteristic Fruits and Vegetables), 830091, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Min Wang
- Institute of Horticulture Crops, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences (Key Laboratory of Genome Research and Genetic Improvement of Xinjiang Characteristic Fruits and Vegetables), 830091, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Guotian Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, 712100, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Tengfei Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, 712100, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yuejin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, 712100, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | | | - Yan Xu
- Corresponding author: E-mail: ;
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21
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Du Y, Fu X, Chu Y, Wu P, Liu Y, Ma L, Tian H, Zhu B. Biosynthesis and the Roles of Plant Sterols in Development and Stress Responses. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23042332. [PMID: 35216448 PMCID: PMC8875669 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23042332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Revised: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Plant sterols are important components of the cell membrane and lipid rafts, which play a crucial role in various physiological and biochemical processes during development and stress resistance in plants. In recent years, many studies in higher plants have been reported in the biosynthesis pathway of plant sterols, whereas the knowledge about the regulation and accumulation of sterols is not well understood. In this review, we summarize and discuss the recent findings in the field of plant sterols, including their biosynthesis, regulation, functions, as well as the mechanism involved in abiotic stress responses. These studies provide better knowledge on the synthesis and regulation of sterols, and the review also aimed to provide new insights for the global role of sterols, which is liable to benefit future research on the development and abiotic stress tolerance in plant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinglin Du
- The College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; (Y.D.); (Y.C.); (P.W.); (Y.L.); (L.M.); (H.T.)
| | - Xizhe Fu
- The College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310012, China;
| | - Yiyang Chu
- The College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; (Y.D.); (Y.C.); (P.W.); (Y.L.); (L.M.); (H.T.)
| | - Peiwen Wu
- The College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; (Y.D.); (Y.C.); (P.W.); (Y.L.); (L.M.); (H.T.)
| | - Ye Liu
- The College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; (Y.D.); (Y.C.); (P.W.); (Y.L.); (L.M.); (H.T.)
| | - Lili Ma
- The College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; (Y.D.); (Y.C.); (P.W.); (Y.L.); (L.M.); (H.T.)
| | - Huiqin Tian
- The College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; (Y.D.); (Y.C.); (P.W.); (Y.L.); (L.M.); (H.T.)
| | - Benzhong Zhu
- The College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; (Y.D.); (Y.C.); (P.W.); (Y.L.); (L.M.); (H.T.)
- Correspondence:
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22
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Secondary Metabolites Coordinately Protect Grapes from Excessive Light and Sunburn Damage during Development. Biomolecules 2021; 12:biom12010042. [PMID: 35053190 PMCID: PMC8773587 DOI: 10.3390/biom12010042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Revised: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Sunburn is a physiological disorder that reduces grape quality and vineyard yield. It is the result of excessive sunlight and high temperatures. As climate change continues to increase air temperatures, reports of sunburn damage in vineyards worldwide are becoming more frequent. Grapes produce secondary metabolites (carotenoids, polyphenols and aroma compounds) to counter photooxidative stress and acclimate to higher radiation environments. This study evaluated changes in these compounds in during ripening when grapes were exposed post-flowering (ED) and at véraison (LD), and compared them to a nondefoliated control (ND). ND contained more α-terpineol and violaxanthin, and the defoliated treatments contained more zeaxanthin, β-carotene, C6 compounds and flavonoids. ED berries adapted better to higher-light environments, displayed larger changes in secondary metabolite concentrations and lower levels of sunburn damage than LD berries did. The composition of berries with increasing sunburn damage was evaluated for the first time. Berries with no damage had the lowest concentrations of flavonoids and oxidized glutathione, and the highest concentrations of chlorophyll and α-terpineol. As damage increased, destruction of photosynthetic pigments, increase in polyphenols and loss of aroma compounds were evidenced. A significant effect of temperature and developmental stage on grape composition was also observed. This study provides a holistic overview of changes in secondary metabolites experienced by grape berries when exposed to excessive light, how these vary along development and how they affect sunburn incidence.
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23
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Del-Castillo-Alonso MÁ, Monforte L, Tomás-Las-Heras R, Ranieri A, Castagna A, Martínez-Abaigar J, Núñez-Olivera E. Secondary metabolites and related genes in Vitis vinifera L. cv. Tempranillo grapes as influenced by ultraviolet radiation and berry development. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2021; 173:709-724. [PMID: 34145583 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.13483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2021] [Revised: 06/10/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The effects of UV radiation on Vitis vinifera cv Tempranillo grapes were studied under field conditions as influenced by ultraviolet (UV) band (UV-A and UV-B), UV-B level (ambient vs enhanced), grape phenological stage (pea-size, veraison, and harvest), grape component (skin, flesh, and seeds), and fraction from which phenolic UV-absorbing compounds (UVACs) were extracted (soluble vs insoluble). Ambient UV-B levels caused stronger effects than ambient UV-A. These effects included increases in flavonol contents (particularly quercetins and kaempferols), the expression of flavonol synthase and chalcone synthase genes (VvFLS4 and VvCHS1), and grape weight and size. In addition, the contents of flavanols and hydroxycinnamic acids increased under UV-B radiation at pea-size stage. All these compounds play physiological roles as antioxidants and UV screens. Synergic effects between UV-B and UV-A were observed. The responses of anthocyanins, stilbenes, and volatile compounds to UV were diffuse or nonexistent. Enhanced UV-B led to rather subtle changes in comparison with ambient UV-B, but differences between both treatments could be demonstrated by multivariate analysis. Pea-size and harvest were the phenological stages where the most significant responses to UV were found, while the skin was the most UV-responsive grape component. Soluble phenolic compounds were much more UV-responsive than insoluble compounds. In conclusion, UV radiation was essential for the induction of specific grape phenolic and volatile compounds. Given the physiological roles of these compounds, as well as their contribution to grape and wine quality, and their potential use as nutraceuticals, our results may have implications on the artificial manipulation of UV radiation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Laura Monforte
- Faculty of Science and Technology, University of La Rioja, Logroño (La Rioja), Spain
| | | | - Annamaria Ranieri
- Department of Agriculture-Food and Environment, and Interdepartmental Research Center Nutrafood "Nutraceuticals and Food for Health", University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Antonella Castagna
- Department of Agriculture-Food and Environment, and Interdepartmental Research Center Nutrafood "Nutraceuticals and Food for Health", University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
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24
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Monder H, Maillard M, Chérel I, Zimmermann SD, Paris N, Cuéllar T, Gaillard I. Adjustment of K + Fluxes and Grapevine Defense in the Face of Climate Change. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:10398. [PMID: 34638737 PMCID: PMC8508874 DOI: 10.3390/ijms221910398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Revised: 09/18/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Grapevine is one of the most economically important fruit crops due to the high value of its fruit and its importance in winemaking. The current decrease in grape berry quality and production can be seen as the consequence of various abiotic constraints imposed by climate changes. Specifically, produced wines have become too sweet, with a stronger impression of alcohol and fewer aromatic qualities. Potassium is known to play a major role in grapevine growth, as well as grape composition and wine quality. Importantly, potassium ions (K+) are involved in the initiation and maintenance of the berry loading process during ripening. Moreover, K+ has also been implicated in various defense mechanisms against abiotic stress. The first part of this review discusses the main negative consequences of the current climate, how they disturb the quality of grape berries at harvest and thus ultimately compromise the potential to obtain a great wine. In the second part, the essential electrical and osmotic functions of K+, which are intimately dependent on K+ transport systems, membrane energization, and cell K+ homeostasis, are presented. This knowledge will help to select crops that are better adapted to adverse environmental conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Houssein Monder
- BPMP, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, INRAE, Institut Agro, F-34060 Montpellier, France; (H.M.); (M.M.); (I.C.); (S.D.Z.); (N.P.)
| | - Morgan Maillard
- BPMP, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, INRAE, Institut Agro, F-34060 Montpellier, France; (H.M.); (M.M.); (I.C.); (S.D.Z.); (N.P.)
| | - Isabelle Chérel
- BPMP, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, INRAE, Institut Agro, F-34060 Montpellier, France; (H.M.); (M.M.); (I.C.); (S.D.Z.); (N.P.)
| | - Sabine Dagmar Zimmermann
- BPMP, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, INRAE, Institut Agro, F-34060 Montpellier, France; (H.M.); (M.M.); (I.C.); (S.D.Z.); (N.P.)
| | - Nadine Paris
- BPMP, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, INRAE, Institut Agro, F-34060 Montpellier, France; (H.M.); (M.M.); (I.C.); (S.D.Z.); (N.P.)
| | - Teresa Cuéllar
- CIRAD, UMR AGAP, Univ Montpellier, INRAE, Institut Agro, F-34398 Montpellier, France;
| | - Isabelle Gaillard
- BPMP, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, INRAE, Institut Agro, F-34060 Montpellier, France; (H.M.); (M.M.); (I.C.); (S.D.Z.); (N.P.)
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25
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Garrido A, De Vos RCH, Conde A, Cunha A. Light Microclimate-Driven Changes at Transcriptional Level in Photosynthetic Grape Berry Tissues. PLANTS 2021; 10:plants10091769. [PMID: 34579302 PMCID: PMC8465639 DOI: 10.3390/plants10091769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2021] [Revised: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 08/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Viticulture practices that change the light distribution in the grapevine canopy can interfere with several physiological mechanisms, such as grape berry photosynthesis and other metabolic pathways, and consequently impact the berry biochemical composition, which is key to the final wine quality. We previously showed that the photosynthetic activity of exocarp and seed tissues from a white cultivar (Alvarinho) was in fact responsive to the light microclimate in the canopy (low and high light, LL and HL, respectively), and that these different light microclimates also led to distinct metabolite profiles, suggesting a berry tissue-specific interlink between photosynthesis and metabolism. In the present work, we analyzed the transcript levels of key genes in exocarps and seed integuments of berries from the same cultivar collected from HL and LL microclimates at three developmental stages, using real-time qPCR. In exocarp, the expression levels of genes involved in carbohydrate metabolism (VvSuSy1), phenylpropanoid (VvPAL1), stilbenoid (VvSTS1), and flavan-3-ol synthesis (VvDFR, VvLAR2, and VvANR) were highest at the green stage. In seeds, the expression of several genes associated with both phenylpropanoid (VvCHS1 and VvCHS3) and flavan-3-ol synthesis (VvDFR and VvLAR2) showed a peak at the véraison stage, whereas that of RuBisCO was maintained up to the mature stage. Overall, the HL microclimate, compared to that of LL, resulted in a higher expression of genes encoding elements associated with both photosynthesis (VvChlSyn and VvRuBisCO), carbohydrate metabolism (VvSPS1), and photoprotection (carotenoid pathways genes) in both tissues. HL also induced the expression of the VvFLS1 gene, which was translated into a higher activity of the FLS enzyme producing flavonol-type flavonoids, whereas the expression of several other flavonoid pathway genes (e.g., VvCHS3, VvSTS1, VvDFR, and VvLDOX) was reduced, suggesting a specific role of flavonols in photoprotection of berries growing in the HL microclimate. This work suggests a possible link at the transcriptional level between berry photosynthesis and pathways of primary and secondary metabolism, and provides relevant information for improving the management of the light microenvironment at canopy level of the grapes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreia Garrido
- Centre of Molecular and Environmental Biology (CBMA), Department of Biology, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal;
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, Quinta de Prados, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
- Correspondence: (A.G.); (A.C.)
| | - Ric C. H. De Vos
- Business Unit Bioscience, Wageningen Plant Research, Wageningen University and Research (Wageningen-UR), P.O. Box 16, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands;
| | - Artur Conde
- Centre of Molecular and Environmental Biology (CBMA), Department of Biology, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal;
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, Quinta de Prados, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Ana Cunha
- Centre of Molecular and Environmental Biology (CBMA), Department of Biology, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal;
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, Quinta de Prados, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
- Centre of Biological Engineering (CEB), University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
- Correspondence: (A.G.); (A.C.)
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26
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Lu J, Zhang Q, Lang L, Jiang C, Wang X, Sun H. Integrated metabolome and transcriptome analysis of the anthocyanin biosynthetic pathway in relation to color mutation in miniature roses. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2021; 21:257. [PMID: 34088264 PMCID: PMC8176584 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-021-03063-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Roses are famous ornamental plants worldwide. Floral coloration is one of the most prominent traits in roses and is mainly regulated through the anthocyanin biosynthetic pathway. In this study, we investigated the key genes and metabolites of the anthocyanin biosynthetic pathway involved in color mutation in miniature roses. A comparative metabolome and transcriptome analysis was carried out on the Neptune King rose and its color mutant, Queen rose, at the blooming stage. Neptune King rose has light pink colored petals while Queen rose has deep pink colored petals. RESULT A total of 190 flavonoid-related metabolites and 38,551 unique genes were identified. The contents of 45 flavonoid-related metabolites, and the expression of 15 genes participating in the flavonoid pathway, varied significantly between the two cultivars. Seven anthocyanins (cyanidin 3-O-glucosyl-malonylglucoside, cyanidin O-syringic acid, cyanidin 3-O-rutinoside, cyanidin 3-O-galactoside, cyanidin 3-O-glucoside, peonidin 3-O-glucoside chloride, and pelargonidin 3-O-glucoside) were found to be the major metabolites, with higher abundance in the Queen rose. Thirteen anthocyanin biosynthetic related genes showed an upregulation trend in the mutant flower, which may favor the higher levels of anthocyanins in the mutant. Besides, eight TRANSPARENT TESTA 12 genes were found upregulated in Queen rose, probably contributing to a high vacuolar sequestration of anthocyanins. Thirty transcription factors, including two MYB and one bHLH, were differentially expressed between the two cultivars. CONCLUSIONS This study provides important insights into major genes and metabolites of the anthocyanin biosynthetic pathway modulating flower coloration in miniature rose. The results will be conducive for manipulating the anthocyanin pathways in order to engineer novel miniature rose cultivars with specific colors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaojiao Lu
- Key Laboratory of Protected Horticulture of Education Ministry and Liaoning Province, College of Horticulture, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, China
- Liaoning Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenyang, 110161, China
| | - Qing Zhang
- Liaoning Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenyang, 110161, China
| | - Lixin Lang
- Liaoning Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenyang, 110161, China
| | - Chuang Jiang
- Liaoning Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenyang, 110161, China
| | - Xiaofeng Wang
- Liaoning Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenyang, 110161, China
| | - Hongmei Sun
- Key Laboratory of Protected Horticulture of Education Ministry and Liaoning Province, College of Horticulture, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, China.
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27
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Zhang K, Chen L, Wei M, Qiao H, Zhang S, Li Z, Fang Y, Chen K. Metabolomic profile combined with transcriptomic analysis reveals the value of UV-C in improving the utilization of waste grape berries. Food Chem 2021; 363:130288. [PMID: 34120043 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.130288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Revised: 05/29/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Table grape is a popular fruit worldwide. The quality of the appearance of table grapes directly affects their commercial value. Table grape bunches are usually carefully managed during production. At different developmental stages, a large number of grape berries are pruned as waste for commercial appearance, which leads to wasted resources. Ultraviolet-C (UV-C) can regulate the accumulation of secondary metabolites in fruits. In this study, metabolomic profile was combined with transcriptomic analysis technology to explore the value of UV-C in improving the utilization of waste grapes. The berries of the 'Jumeigui' grape were subjected to UV-C radiation treatment in the green-berry stage, veraison stage, and maturation stage. The results showed that UV-C could brown grape berries and decrease their sugar content at different developmental stages. Compared with other samples, those treated with UV-C in the veraison stage had the most upregulated metabolites, while samples in the green-berry stage had the most down-regulated metabolites. UV-C promoted the accumulation of stilbenes and some flavonoids in the berries at each developmental stage (especially at the green-berry and veraison stages). Compared with other stages, UV-C treatment during the veraison stage led to the highest number of upregulated genes related to transcription factors, protein modification, indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), abscisic acid (ABA), gibberellin acid (GA), receptor kinases, and Ascorbic acid/Glutathione (Ascorb/Gluath). UV-C might promote the accumulation of phenolic components by upregulating the expression of their biosynthesis related genes. UV-C may be an effective in vitro approach for improving the application value of waste grape berries by enhancing the accumulation of the nutritious phenolic components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kekun Zhang
- College of Enology, Viti-Viniculture Engineering Technology Center of State Forestry and Grassland Administration, Shaanxi Engineering Research Center for Viti-Viniculture, Heyang Viti-Viniculture Station, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Li Chen
- College of Enology, Viti-Viniculture Engineering Technology Center of State Forestry and Grassland Administration, Shaanxi Engineering Research Center for Viti-Viniculture, Heyang Viti-Viniculture Station, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Mengyuan Wei
- College of Enology, Viti-Viniculture Engineering Technology Center of State Forestry and Grassland Administration, Shaanxi Engineering Research Center for Viti-Viniculture, Heyang Viti-Viniculture Station, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Haorong Qiao
- College of Enology, Viti-Viniculture Engineering Technology Center of State Forestry and Grassland Administration, Shaanxi Engineering Research Center for Viti-Viniculture, Heyang Viti-Viniculture Station, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Shihao Zhang
- College of Enology, Viti-Viniculture Engineering Technology Center of State Forestry and Grassland Administration, Shaanxi Engineering Research Center for Viti-Viniculture, Heyang Viti-Viniculture Station, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Zhihao Li
- College of Enology, Viti-Viniculture Engineering Technology Center of State Forestry and Grassland Administration, Shaanxi Engineering Research Center for Viti-Viniculture, Heyang Viti-Viniculture Station, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Yulin Fang
- College of Enology, Viti-Viniculture Engineering Technology Center of State Forestry and Grassland Administration, Shaanxi Engineering Research Center for Viti-Viniculture, Heyang Viti-Viniculture Station, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China.
| | - Keqin Chen
- College of Enology, Viti-Viniculture Engineering Technology Center of State Forestry and Grassland Administration, Shaanxi Engineering Research Center for Viti-Viniculture, Heyang Viti-Viniculture Station, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China.
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Zhang K, Li W, Ju Y, Wang X, Sun X, Fang Y, Chen K. Transcriptomic and Metabolomic Basis of Short- and Long-Term Post-Harvest UV-C Application in Regulating Grape Berry Quality Development. Foods 2021; 10:foods10030625. [PMID: 33809507 PMCID: PMC8001394 DOI: 10.3390/foods10030625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2021] [Revised: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 03/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, ultraviolet-C (UV-C) was utilized to improve the quality of post-harvest grape berries, and the transcriptomic and metabolomic basis of this improvement was elucidated. Berries of the red grape variety ‘Zicui’ and the white variety ‘Xiangfei’ were chosen to evaluate the effect of short- and long-term UV-C irradiation. Post-harvest UV-C application promoted malondialdehyde (MDA) and proline accumulation, and reduced the soluble solid content in berries. Both the variety and duration of irradiation could modulate the transcriptomic and metabolomic responses of berries to UV-C. Compared with the control, the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) identified under UV-C treatment were enriched in pathways related to metabolite accumulation, hormone biosynthesis and signal transduction, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) homeostasis. Flavonoid biosynthesis and biosynthesis of other secondary metabolites were the shared pathways enriched with differential metabolites. After long-term UV-C irradiation, cis-resveratrol accumulated in the berries of the two varieties, while the differential chalcone, dihydroflavone, flavonoid, flavanol, and tannin components primarily accumulated in ‘Xiangfei’, and some flavonols and anthocyanins primarily accumulated in ‘Zicui’. Based on an exhaustive survey, we made a summary for the effect of UV-C in regulating the quality development of post-harvest grape berries. The results of this study may help to elucidate the mechanism by which UV-C functions and support its efficient application.
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Chen C, Zhou G, Chen J, Liu X, Lu X, Chen H, Tian Y. Integrated Metabolome and Transcriptome Analysis Unveils Novel Pathway Involved in the Formation of Yellow Peel in Cucumber. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22031494. [PMID: 33540857 PMCID: PMC7867363 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22031494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2020] [Revised: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Yellow peel will adversely affect the appearance quality of cucumber fruit, but the metabolites and the molecular mechanism of pigment accumulation in cucumber peel remain unclear. Flavonoid metabolome and transcriptome analyses were carried out on the young peel and old peel of the color mutant L19 and the near-isogenic line L14. The results showed that there were 165 differential flavonoid metabolites in the old peel between L14 and L19. The total content of representative flavonoid metabolites in the old peel of L14 was 95 times that of L19, and 35 times that of young peel of L14, respectively. This might explain the difference of pigment accumulation in yellow peel. Furthermore, transcriptome analysis showed that there were 3396 and 1115 differentially expressed genes in the yellow color difference group (Young L14 vs. Old L14 and Old L14 vs. Old L19), respectively. These differentially expressed genes were significantly enriched in the MAPK signaling pathway-plant, plant-pathogen interaction, flavonoid biosynthesis and cutin, suberine and wax biosynthesis pathways. By analyzing the correlation between differential metabolites and differentially expressed genes, six candidate genes related to the synthesis of glycitein, kaempferol and homoeriodictyol are potentially important. In addition, four key transcription factors that belong to R2R3-MYB, bHLH51 and WRKY23 might be the major drivers of transcriptional changes in the peel between L14 and L19. Then, the expression patterns of these important genes were confirmed by qRT-PCR. These results suggested that the biosynthesis pathway of homoeriodictyol was a novel way to affect the yellowing of cucumber peel. Together, the results of this study provide a research basis for the biosynthesis and regulation of flavonoids in cucumber peel and form a significant step towards identifying the molecular mechanism of cucumber peel yellowing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Chen
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; (C.C.); (X.L.)
- Hunan Vegetable Research Institute, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha 410125, China; (G.Z.); (J.C.); (X.L.)
| | - Geng Zhou
- Hunan Vegetable Research Institute, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha 410125, China; (G.Z.); (J.C.); (X.L.)
- Longping Branch, Graduate School of Hunan University, Changsha 410125, China
| | - Juan Chen
- Hunan Vegetable Research Institute, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha 410125, China; (G.Z.); (J.C.); (X.L.)
| | - Xiaohong Liu
- Hunan Vegetable Research Institute, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha 410125, China; (G.Z.); (J.C.); (X.L.)
| | - Xiangyang Lu
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; (C.C.); (X.L.)
| | - Huiming Chen
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; (C.C.); (X.L.)
- Hunan Vegetable Research Institute, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha 410125, China; (G.Z.); (J.C.); (X.L.)
- Longping Branch, Graduate School of Hunan University, Changsha 410125, China
- Correspondence: (H.C.); (Y.T.); Tel.: +86-731-8463-5292 (H.C. & Y.T.)
| | - Yun Tian
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; (C.C.); (X.L.)
- Correspondence: (H.C.); (Y.T.); Tel.: +86-731-8463-5292 (H.C. & Y.T.)
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Qin L, Sun L, Wei L, Yuan J, Kong F, Zhang Y, Miao X, Xia G, Liu S. Maize SRO1e represses anthocyanin synthesis through regulating the MBW complex in response to abiotic stress. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2021; 105:1010-1025. [PMID: 33217069 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.15083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Revised: 11/03/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Plants experiencing abiotic stress react by generating reactive oxygen species (ROS), compounds that, if allowed to accumulate to excess, repress plant growth and development. Anthocyanins induced by abiotic stress are strong antioxidants that neutralize ROS, whereas their over-accumulation retards plant growth. Although the mechanism of anthocyanin synthesis has been revealed, how plants balance anthocyanin synthesis under abiotic stress to maintain ROS homeostasis is unknown. Here, ROS-related proteins, SIMILAR TO RCD-ONEs (SROs), were analysed in Zea mays (maize), and all six SRO1 genes were inducible by a variety of abiotic stress agents. The constitutive expression of one of these genes, ZmSRO1e, in maize as well as in Arabidopsis thaliana increased the sensitivity of the plant to abiotic stress, but repressed anthocyanin biosynthesis and ROS scavenging activity. Loss-of-function mutation of ZmSRO1e enhanced ROS tolerance and anthocyanin accumulation. We showed that ZmSRO1e competed with ZmR1 (a core basic helix-loop-helix subunit of the MYB-bHLH-WD40 transcriptional activation complex) for binding with ZmPL1 (a core MYB subunit of the complex). Thus, during the constitutive expression of ZmSRO1e, the formation of the complex was compromised, leading to the repression of genes, such as ZmA4 (encoding dihydroflavonol reductase), associated with anthocyanin synthesis. Overall, the results have revealed a mechanism that allows the products of maize SRO1e to participate in the abiotic stress response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lumin Qin
- Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environmental Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Science, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, China
| | - Liu Sun
- Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environmental Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Science, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, China
| | - Lin Wei
- Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environmental Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Science, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, China
| | - Jiarui Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environmental Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Science, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, China
| | - Fangfang Kong
- Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environmental Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Science, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environmental Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Science, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, China
| | - Xin Miao
- Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environmental Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Science, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, China
| | - Guangmin Xia
- Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environmental Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Science, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, China
| | - Shuwei Liu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environmental Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Science, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, China
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Šamec D, Karalija E, Šola I, Vujčić Bok V, Salopek-Sondi B. The Role of Polyphenols in Abiotic Stress Response: The Influence of Molecular Structure. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 10:118. [PMID: 33430128 PMCID: PMC7827553 DOI: 10.3390/plants10010118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 210] [Impact Index Per Article: 70.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2020] [Revised: 12/29/2020] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Abiotic stressors such as extreme temperatures, drought, flood, light, salt, and heavy metals alter biological diversity and crop production worldwide. Therefore, it is important to know the mechanisms by which plants cope with stress conditions. Polyphenols, which are the largest group of plant-specialized metabolites, are generally recognized as molecules involved in stress protection in plants. This diverse group of metabolites contains various structures, from simple forms consisting of one aromatic ring to more complex ones consisting of large number of polymerized molecules. Consequently, all these molecules, depending on their structure, may show different roles in plant growth, development, and stress protection. In the present review, we aimed to summarize data on how different polyphenol structures influence their biological activity and their roles in abiotic stress responses. We focused our review on phenolic acids, flavonoids, stilbenoids, and lignans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dunja Šamec
- Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička cesta 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia;
| | - Erna Karalija
- Faculty of Science, University of Sarajevo, Zmaja od Bosne 33–35, 71000 Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina;
| | - Ivana Šola
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Horvatovac 102a, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (I.Š.); (V.V.B.)
| | - Valerija Vujčić Bok
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Horvatovac 102a, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (I.Š.); (V.V.B.)
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Valletta A, Iozia LM, Leonelli F. Impact of Environmental Factors on Stilbene Biosynthesis. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 10:E90. [PMID: 33406721 PMCID: PMC7823792 DOI: 10.3390/plants10010090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Revised: 12/24/2020] [Accepted: 12/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Stilbenes are a small family of polyphenolic secondary metabolites that can be found in several distantly related plant species. These compounds act as phytoalexins, playing a crucial role in plant defense against phytopathogens, as well as being involved in the adaptation of plants to abiotic environmental factors. Among stilbenes, trans-resveratrol is certainly the most popular and extensively studied for its health properties. In recent years, an increasing number of stilbene compounds were subjected to investigations concerning their bioactivity. This review presents the most updated knowledge of the stilbene biosynthetic pathway, also focusing on the role of several environmental factors in eliciting stilbenes biosynthesis. The effects of ultraviolet radiation, visible light, ultrasonication, mechanical stress, salt stress, drought, temperature, ozone, and biotic stress are reviewed in the context of enhancing stilbene biosynthesis, both in planta and in plant cell and organ cultures. This knowledge may shed some light on stilbene biological roles and represents a useful tool to increase the accumulation of these valuable compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessio Valletta
- Department of Environmental Biology, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy;
| | - Lorenzo Maria Iozia
- Department of Environmental Biology, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy;
| | - Francesca Leonelli
- Department of Chemistry, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy;
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Mao J, Huang L, Chen M, Zeng W, Feng Z, Huang S, Liu T. Integrated Analysis of the Transcriptome and Metabolome Reveals Genes Involved in Terpenoid and Flavonoid Biosynthesis in the Loblolly Pine ( Pinus taeda L.). FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:729161. [PMID: 34659295 PMCID: PMC8519504 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.729161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) is an important tree for afforestation with substantial economic and ecological value. Many metabolites with pharmacological activities are present in the tissues of P. taeda. However, the biosynthesis regulatory mechanisms of these metabolites are poorly understood. In the present study, transcriptome and metabolome analyses were performed on five tissues of P. taeda. A total of 40.4 million clean reads were obtained and assembled into 108,663 unigenes. These were compared with five databases, revealing 39,576 annotated unigenes. A total of 13,491 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were observed in 10 comparison groups. Of these, 487 unigenes exhibited significantly different expressions in specific tissues of P. taeda. The DEGs were explored using Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes metabolic pathway analysis. We identified 343 and 173 candidate unigenes related to the biosynthesis of terpenoids and flavonoids, respectively. These included 62 R2R3-MYB, 30 MYB, 15 WRKY, seven bHLH, seven ERF, six ZIP, five AP2, and one WD40 genes that acted as regulators in flavonoid and/or terpenoid biosynthesis. Additionally, metabolomics analysis detected 528 metabolites, among which 168 were flavonoids. A total of 493 differentially accumulated metabolites (DAMs) were obtained in 10 comparison groups. The 3,7-Di-O-methyl quercetin was differentially accumulated in all the comparison groups. The combined transcriptome and metabolome analyses revealed 219 DEGs that were significantly correlated with 45 DAMs. Our study provides valuable genomic and metabolome information for understanding P. taeda at the molecular level, providing a foundation for the further development of P. taeda-related pharmaceutical industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jipeng Mao
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Innovative Development and Utilization of Forest Plant Germplasm, College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Taishan Hongling Seed Orchart, Jiangmen, China
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Linwang Huang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Innovative Development and Utilization of Forest Plant Germplasm, College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Manyu Chen
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Innovative Development and Utilization of Forest Plant Germplasm, College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Weishan Zeng
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Innovative Development and Utilization of Forest Plant Germplasm, College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhiheng Feng
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Innovative Development and Utilization of Forest Plant Germplasm, College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shaowei Huang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Innovative Development and Utilization of Forest Plant Germplasm, College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tianyi Liu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Innovative Development and Utilization of Forest Plant Germplasm, College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Tianyi Liu
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Martínez-Lüscher J, Chen CCL, Brillante L, Kurtural SK. Mitigating Heat Wave and Exposure Damage to "Cabernet Sauvignon" Wine Grape With Partial Shading Under Two Irrigation Amounts. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2020; 11:579192. [PMID: 33240297 PMCID: PMC7683524 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.579192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Rising temperatures in most agricultural regions of the world are associated with a higher incidence of extreme weather events such as heat waves. We performed an experiment to mitigate the impact of heat waves and exposure of berries in grapevine (Vitis vinifera cv. "Cabernet Sauvignon") with untreated vines (Exposed) or with fruit-zone partial shading (Shaded) under 40 and 80% replacement of crop evapotranspiration (ET c ) with sustained deficit irrigation in a factorially arranged experiment. The trial was performed in a vineyard with vertically shoot positioned trellis with a row orientation that concentrated solar radiation exposure on the southwest aspect of the fruit zone. Leaf stomatal conductance (g s ) and net carbon assimilation (A N ) were significantly lower in shaded leaves under partial fruit-zone shading that resulted in lower pruning mass for Shaded treatments. Stem water potential (Ψ stem ) responded to a large extent to increased irrigation. However, grapevines with partial fruit-zone shading had transiently better water status under 40% ET c . Cluster maximum temperatures were 3.9°C greater in Exposed grapevines. Exposed clusters had transiently lower acidity and higher pH. However, Exposed clusters on 40% ET c had higher total soluble solids (TSS). The experimental vineyard suffered a 4-day heat wave 21 days before harvest, resulting in 25% of the clusters being damaged in Exposed treatment, regardless of irrigation amount. Furthermore, berries in Exposed treatments suffered a great loss of anthocyanins and flavonols even if they were not damaged by direct solar exposure. The pre-planting decision of using a vertically shoot positioned trellis that concentrated solar radiation on the Southwest aspect offered mild protection in a hot climate region with a sunny growing season with extreme heat events during the execution of study. The extreme conditions under which this study was conducted are not unusual, and have become more expected. Our work provided evidence of the vulnerability of grape berry to heat waves and exposure during heat wave events and possible protection methods to mitigate these effects in situ in context of climate change.
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Jiao F, Zhao L, Wu X, Song Z, Li Y. Metabolome and transcriptome analyses of the molecular mechanisms of flower color mutation in tobacco. BMC Genomics 2020; 21:611. [PMID: 32894038 PMCID: PMC7487631 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-020-07028-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Accepted: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Anthocyanins determinate the flower color of many plants. Tobacco is a model plant for studying the molecular regulation of flower coloration. We investigated the mechanism underlying flower coloration in tobacco by profiling flavonoid metabolites,expression of anthocyanin biosynthetic structural genes and their regulator genes in the pink-flowered tobacco cultivar Yunyan 87 and white-flowered Yunyan 87 mutant. RESULT Significant down-accumulation of anthocyanins, including cyanidin 3-O-glucoside, cyanin, cyanidin 3-O-rutinoside, pelargonidin 3-O-beta-D-glucoside, cyanidin O-syringic acid, pelargonin, and pelargonidin 3-O-malonylhexoside (log2 fold change < - 10), endowed the flower color mutation in Yunyan 87 mutant. Transcriptome analysis showed that the coordinately down-regulated anthocyanin biosynthetic genes including chalcone isomerase, naringenin 3-dioxygenase, dihydroflavonol 4-reductase and UDP-glucose:flavonoid 3-O-glucosyltransferase played critical roles in suppressing the formation of the aforesaid anthocyanins. Several genes encoding MYB and bHLH transcription factors were also found down-regulated, and probably the reason for the suppression of structural genes. CONCLUSION This is the first study of tobacco flower coloration combining metabolome and transcriptome analyses, and the results shed a light on the systematic regulation mechanisms of flower coloration in tobacco. The obtained information will aid in developing strategies to modify flower color through genetic transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangchan Jiao
- Yunnan Academy of Tobacco Agricultural Sciences, Kunming, 650021, Yunnan, China
- National Center for Tobacco Gene Engineering, Kunming, 650021, Yunnan, China
| | - Lu Zhao
- Yunnan Academy of Tobacco Agricultural Sciences, Kunming, 650021, Yunnan, China
- National Center for Tobacco Gene Engineering, Kunming, 650021, Yunnan, China
| | - Xingfu Wu
- Yunnan Academy of Tobacco Agricultural Sciences, Kunming, 650021, Yunnan, China
- National Center for Tobacco Gene Engineering, Kunming, 650021, Yunnan, China
| | - Zhongbang Song
- Yunnan Academy of Tobacco Agricultural Sciences, Kunming, 650021, Yunnan, China.
- National Center for Tobacco Gene Engineering, Kunming, 650021, Yunnan, China.
| | - Yongping Li
- Yunnan Academy of Tobacco Agricultural Sciences, Kunming, 650021, Yunnan, China.
- National Center for Tobacco Gene Engineering, Kunming, 650021, Yunnan, China.
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Bouderias S, Teszlák P, Jakab G, Kőrösi L. Age- and season-dependent pattern of flavonol glycosides in Cabernet Sauvignon grapevine leaves. Sci Rep 2020; 10:14241. [PMID: 32859977 PMCID: PMC7455724 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-70706-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2020] [Accepted: 08/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Flavonols play key roles in many plant defense mechanisms, consequently they are frequently investigated as stress sensitive factors in relation to several oxidative processes. It is well known that grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) can synthesize various flavonol glycosides in the leaves, however, very little information is available regarding their distribution along the cane at different leaf levels. In this work, taking into consideration of leaf position, the main flavonol glycosides of a red grapevine cultivar (Cabernet Sauvignon) were profiled and quantified by HPLC–DAD analysis. It was found that amount of four flavonol glycosides, namely, quercetin-3-O-galactoside, quercetin-3-O-glucoside, kaempferol-3-O-glucoside and kaempferol-3-O-glucuronide decreased towards the shoot tip. Since leaf age also decreases towards the shoot tip, the obtained results suggest that these compounds continuously formed by leaf aging, resulting in their accumulation in the older leaves. In contrast, quercetin-3-O-glucuronide (predominant form) and quercetin-3-O-rutinoside were not accumulated significantly by aging. We also pointed out that grapevine boosted the flavonol biosynthesis in September, and flavonol profile differed significantly in the two seasons. Our results contribute to the better understanding of the role of flavonols in the antioxidant defense system of grapevine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sakina Bouderias
- Research Institute for Viticulture and Oenology, University of Pécs, Pázmány P. u. 4, Pécs, 7634, Hungary.,Department of Plant Biology, University of Pécs, Ifjúság u. 6, Pécs, 7624, Hungary
| | - Péter Teszlák
- Research Institute for Viticulture and Oenology, University of Pécs, Pázmány P. u. 4, Pécs, 7634, Hungary
| | - Gábor Jakab
- Research Institute for Viticulture and Oenology, University of Pécs, Pázmány P. u. 4, Pécs, 7634, Hungary.,Department of Plant Biology, University of Pécs, Ifjúság u. 6, Pécs, 7624, Hungary
| | - László Kőrösi
- Research Institute for Viticulture and Oenology, University of Pécs, Pázmány P. u. 4, Pécs, 7634, Hungary.
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Xiong Y, Yan P, Du K, Li M, Xie Y, Gao P. Nutritional component analyses of kiwifruit in different development stages by metabolomic and transcriptomic approaches. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2020; 100:2399-2409. [PMID: 31917468 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.10251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2019] [Revised: 01/04/2020] [Accepted: 01/09/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Metabolites in kiwifruit greatly influence nutritional values; however, the dynamic changes in nutrient composition and the gene expression level of yellow kiwifruit have not been studied so far. To investigate the types and accumulation patterns of metabolites, a metabolomics approach utilizing liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization mass spectrometry and transcriptomics were used to analyze the yellow flesh of kiwifruit cultivar 'jinshi 1' collected at different stages of days after full bloom. RESULTS In total, 285 metabolites were identified over the kiwifruit developmental stages. The composition of the metabolites of kiwifruit at different stages of development was different. The organic acids contents and their derivatives were higher at the initial stage of development and then gradually decreased. The lipids and amino acids contents fluctuated at different stages of development but did not change significantly. Transcript profiles throughout yellow kiwifruit development were constructed and analyzed, with a focus on the biosynthesis and metabolism of compounds such as sugars, organic acids and ascorbic acid, which are indispensable for the development and formation of quality fruit. The transcript levels of genes involved in sucrose and starch metabolism were consistent with the change in soluble sugar and starch content throughout kiwifruit development. The metabolism of ascorbic acid was primarily through the l-galactose pathway. CONCLUSION Our metabolome and transcriptome approach identified dynamic changes in five types of nutrient metabolite levels, and correlations among such levels, in developing fruit. The results provide information that can be used by metabolic engineers and molecular breeders to improve kiwifruit quality. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Xiong
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Pei Yan
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Kui Du
- Key Laboratory of Breeding and Utilization of Kiwifruit in Sichuan Province, Sichuan Provincial Academy of Natural Resources Sciences, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Mingzhang Li
- Key Laboratory of Breeding and Utilization of Kiwifruit in Sichuan Province, Sichuan Provincial Academy of Natural Resources Sciences, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Yue Xie
- Key Laboratory of Breeding and Utilization of Kiwifruit in Sichuan Province, Sichuan Provincial Academy of Natural Resources Sciences, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Ping Gao
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
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Sun RZ, Cheng G, Li Q, Zhu YR, Zhang X, Wang Y, He YN, Li SY, He L, Chen W, Pan QH, Duan CQ, Wang J. Comparative physiological, metabolomic, and transcriptomic analyses reveal developmental stage-dependent effects of cluster bagging on phenolic metabolism in Cabernet Sauvignon grape berries. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2019; 19:583. [PMID: 31878879 PMCID: PMC6933938 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-019-2186-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2019] [Accepted: 12/05/2019] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Light conditions significantly influence grape berry ripening and the accumulation of phenolic compounds, but the underlying molecular basis remains partially understood. Here, we applied integrated transcriptomics and pathway-level metabolomics analyses to investigate the effect of cluster bagging during various developmental stages on phenolic metabolism in Cabernet Sauvignon grapes. RESULTS Bagging treatments had limited effects on berry quality attributes at harvest and did not consistently affect phenolic acid biosynthesis between seasons. Significantly elevated flavan-3-ol and flavonol contents were detected in re-exposed berries after bagging during early-developmental stages, while bagging after véraison markedly inhibited skin anthocyanin accumulation. Several anthocyanin derivatives and flavonol glycosides were identified as marker phenolic metabolites for distinguishing bagged and non-bagged grapes. Coordinated transcriptional changes in the light signaling components CRY2 and HY5/HYHs, transcription regulator MYBA1, and enzymes LAR, ANR, UFGT and FLS4, coincided well with light-responsive biosynthesis of the corresponding flavonoids. The activation of multiple hormone signaling pathways after both light exclusion and re-exposure treatments was inconsistent with the changes in phenolic accumulation, indicating a limited role of plant hormones in mediating light/darkness-regulated phenolic biosynthesis processes. Furthermore, gene-gene and gene-metabolite network analyses discovered that the light-responsive expression of genes encoding bHLH, MYB, WRKY, NAC, and MADS-box transcription factors, and proteins involved in genetic information processing and epigenetic regulation such as nucleosome assembly and histone acetylation, showed a high positive correlation with grape berry phenolic accumulation in response to different light regimes. CONCLUSIONS Altogether, our findings provide novel insights into the understanding of berry phenolic biosynthesis under light/darkness and practical guidance for improving grape features.
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Affiliation(s)
- Run-Ze Sun
- Center for Viticulture and Enology, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100083, China
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, 100093, China
| | - Guo Cheng
- Center for Viticulture and Enology, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100083, China
- Grape and Wine Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning, 530007, China
| | - Qiang Li
- Center for Viticulture and Enology, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100083, China
- Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Yan-Rong Zhu
- Center for Viticulture and Enology, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100083, China
- Nongfu Spring Co. Ltd., Hangzhou, 310000, China
| | - Xue Zhang
- Center for Viticulture and Enology, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100083, China
- Ruifeng Oseis (Yantai) Wine Manor Co. Ltd., Yantai, 264010, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Center for Viticulture and Enology, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100083, China
- Key Laboratory of Viticulture and Enology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Yan-Nan He
- Center for Viticulture and Enology, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100083, China
- College of Bioscience & Bioengineering, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang, 050018, China
| | - Si-Yu Li
- Center for Viticulture and Enology, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100083, China
- Key Laboratory of Viticulture and Enology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Lei He
- Center for Viticulture and Enology, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100083, China
- Key Laboratory of Viticulture and Enology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Wu Chen
- CITIC Guoan Wine Co. Ltd., Xinjiang, 832200, Manasi, China
| | - Qiu-Hong Pan
- Center for Viticulture and Enology, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100083, China
- Key Laboratory of Viticulture and Enology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Chang-Qing Duan
- Center for Viticulture and Enology, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100083, China
- Key Laboratory of Viticulture and Enology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Jun Wang
- Center for Viticulture and Enology, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100083, China.
- Key Laboratory of Viticulture and Enology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, 100083, China.
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Ferreira V, Matus JT, Pinto-Carnide O, Carrasco D, Arroyo-García R, Castro I. Genetic analysis of a white-to-red berry skin color reversion and its transcriptomic and metabolic consequences in grapevine (Vitis vinifera cv. 'Moscatel Galego'). BMC Genomics 2019; 20:952. [PMID: 31815637 PMCID: PMC6902604 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-019-6237-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2018] [Accepted: 10/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Somatic mutations occurring within meristems of vegetative propagation material have had a major role in increasing the genetic diversity of the domesticated grapevine (Vitis vinifera subsp. vinifera). The most well studied somatic variation in this species is the one affecting fruit pigmentation, leading to a plethora of different berry skin colors. Color depletion and reversion are often observed in the field. In this study we analyzed the origin of a novel white-to-red skin color reversion and studied its possible metabolic and transcriptomic consequences on cv. 'Muscat à Petits Grains Blancs' (synonym cv. 'Moscatel Galego Branco'), a member of the large family of Muscats. RESULTS The mild red-skinned variant (cv. 'Muscat à Petits Grains Rouge', synonym cv. 'Moscatel Galego Roxo'), characterized by a preferential accumulation of di-hydroxylated anthocyanins, showed in heterozygosis a partially-excised Gret1 retrotransposon in the promoter region of the MYBA1 anthocyanin regulator, while MYBA2 was still in homozygosis for its non-functional allele. Through metabolic (anthocyanin, resveratrol and piceid quantifications) and transcriptomic (RNA-Seq) analyses, we show that within a near-isogenic background, the transcriptomic consequences of color reversion are largely associated to diminished light/UV-B responses probably as a consequence of the augment of metabolic sunscreens (i.e. anthocyanins). CONCLUSIONS We propose that the reduced activity of the flavonoid tri-hydroxylated sub-branch and decreased anthocyanin synthesis and modification (e.g. methylation and acylation) are the potential causes for the mild red-skinned coloration in the pigmented revertant. The observed positive relation between anthocyanins and stilbenes could be attributable to an increased influx of phenylpropanoid intermediaries due to the replenished activity of MYBA1, an effect yet to be demonstrated in other somatic variants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa Ferreira
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, 5000-801, Vila Real, Portugal.,Centre for Plant Biotechnology and Genomics (UPM-INIA, CBGP), Campus de Montegancedo. Autovía M40 km38, 28223 Pozuelo de Alarcón, Madrid, Spain
| | - José Tomás Matus
- Institute for Integrative Systems Biology, I2SysBio (Universitat de Valencia - CSIC), 46908, Paterna, Valencia, Spain
| | - Olinda Pinto-Carnide
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, 5000-801, Vila Real, Portugal
| | - David Carrasco
- Centre for Plant Biotechnology and Genomics (UPM-INIA, CBGP), Campus de Montegancedo. Autovía M40 km38, 28223 Pozuelo de Alarcón, Madrid, Spain
| | - Rosa Arroyo-García
- Centre for Plant Biotechnology and Genomics (UPM-INIA, CBGP), Campus de Montegancedo. Autovía M40 km38, 28223 Pozuelo de Alarcón, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Isaura Castro
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, 5000-801, Vila Real, Portugal.
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Ying H, Shi J, Zhang S, Pingcuo G, Wang S, Zhao F, Cui Y, Zeng X. Transcriptomic and metabolomic profiling provide novel insights into fruit development and flesh coloration in Prunus mira Koehne, a special wild peach species. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2019; 19:463. [PMID: 31675926 PMCID: PMC6825364 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-019-2074-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2019] [Accepted: 10/14/2019] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Flesh color is one of the most important traits for the commercial value of peach fruit. To unravel the underlying regulatory network in Prunus mira, we performed an integrated analysis of the transcriptome and metabolome of 3 fruit types with various flesh pigmentations (milk-white, yellow and blood) at 3 developmental stages (pit-hardening, cell enlargement and fruit ripening). RESULTS Transcriptome analysis showed that an intense transcriptional adjustment is required for the transition from the pit-hardening to the cell enlargement stage. In contrast, few genes were differentially expressed (DEGs) from the cell enlargement to the fruit ripening stage and importantly, the 3 fruits displayed diverse transcriptional activities, indicating that difference in fruit flesh pigmentations mainly occurred during the ripening stage. We further investigated the DEGs between pairs of fruit types during the ripening stage and identified 563 DEGs representing the 'core transcriptome' associated with major differentiations between the 3 fruit types, including flesh pigmentation. Meanwhile, we analyzed the metabolome, particularly, at the ripening stage and uncovered 40 differential metabolites ('core metabolome') between the 3 fruit types including 5 anthocyanins, which may be the key molecules associated with flesh coloration. Finally, we constructed the regulatory network depicting the interactions between anthocyanins and important transcripts involved in fruit flesh coloration. CONCLUSIONS The major metabolites and transcripts involved in fruit flesh coloration in P. mira were unraveled in this study providing valuable information which will undoubtedly assist in breeding towards improved fruit quality in peach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Ying
- The ministry of agriculture of Qinghai-Tibet plateau fruit trees scientific observation test station, Lhasa, 850032, Tibet, China
- Institute of Vegetables, Tibet Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Lhasa, 850002, Tibet, China
| | - Jian Shi
- Wuhan Metware Biotechnology Co., Ltd, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Shanshan Zhang
- The ministry of agriculture of Qinghai-Tibet plateau fruit trees scientific observation test station, Lhasa, 850032, Tibet, China
- Institute of Vegetables, Tibet Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Lhasa, 850002, Tibet, China
| | - Gesang Pingcuo
- The ministry of agriculture of Qinghai-Tibet plateau fruit trees scientific observation test station, Lhasa, 850032, Tibet, China
- Institute of Vegetables, Tibet Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Lhasa, 850002, Tibet, China
| | - Shuo Wang
- The ministry of agriculture of Qinghai-Tibet plateau fruit trees scientific observation test station, Lhasa, 850032, Tibet, China
- Institute of Vegetables, Tibet Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Lhasa, 850002, Tibet, China
| | - Fan Zhao
- The ministry of agriculture of Qinghai-Tibet plateau fruit trees scientific observation test station, Lhasa, 850032, Tibet, China
- Institute of Vegetables, Tibet Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Lhasa, 850002, Tibet, China
| | - Yongning Cui
- The ministry of agriculture of Qinghai-Tibet plateau fruit trees scientific observation test station, Lhasa, 850032, Tibet, China
- Institute of Vegetables, Tibet Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Lhasa, 850002, Tibet, China
| | - Xiuli Zeng
- The ministry of agriculture of Qinghai-Tibet plateau fruit trees scientific observation test station, Lhasa, 850032, Tibet, China.
- Institute of Vegetables, Tibet Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Lhasa, 850002, Tibet, China.
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Chen L, Tian J, Wang S, Song T, Zhang J, Yao Y. Application of melatonin promotes anthocyanin accumulation in crabapple leaves. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2019; 142:332-341. [PMID: 31377482 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2019.07.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2019] [Revised: 07/29/2019] [Accepted: 07/29/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Anthocyanins are a class of compounds that are widespread in plants, where they provide protection against stresses, and are also beneficial to human health as dietary components. Melatonin application is known to affect anthocyanin production, but the relationship between anthocyanin and melatonin is still unclear. In this study, we analyzed anthocyanin contents and the expression levels of anthocyanin biosynthetic and regulatory genes in tissue cultured plantlets of two Malus crabapple cultivars following various exogenous melatonin treatments under light and dark conditions. The application of exogenous melatonin not only promoted anthocyanin accumulation in leaves, but also increased the contents of flavonols and proanthocyanins (PAs), via a process that was not dependent on light. Quantitative real time PCR (qRT-PCR) analyses indicated that the expression of flavonoid biosynthetic genes, flavonoid related transcription factors and melatonin biosynthetic genes was induced by melatonin. We propose that anthocyanin biosynthesis is regulated by melatonin in crabapple leaves via the expression of flavonoid related transcription factors. This study provides insight into the mechanism of melatonin induction of anthocyanin biosynthesis in woody plants, and suggests that pretreatment with melatonin may represent a cultivation strategy to increase the flavonoid contents of plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Chen
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China; Plant Science and Technology College, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China; Beijing Collaborative Innovation Center for Eco-environmental Improvement with Forestry and Fruit Trees, Beijing, China
| | - Ji Tian
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China; Plant Science and Technology College, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China; Beijing Collaborative Innovation Center for Eco-environmental Improvement with Forestry and Fruit Trees, Beijing, China
| | - Sifan Wang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China; Plant Science and Technology College, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China; Beijing Collaborative Innovation Center for Eco-environmental Improvement with Forestry and Fruit Trees, Beijing, China
| | - Tingting Song
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China; Plant Science and Technology College, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China; Beijing Collaborative Innovation Center for Eco-environmental Improvement with Forestry and Fruit Trees, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China; Plant Science and Technology College, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China; Beijing Collaborative Innovation Center for Eco-environmental Improvement with Forestry and Fruit Trees, Beijing, China.
| | - Yuncong Yao
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China; Plant Science and Technology College, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China; Beijing Collaborative Innovation Center for Eco-environmental Improvement with Forestry and Fruit Trees, Beijing, China.
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The Role of UV-B light on Small RNA Activity During Grapevine Berry Development. G3-GENES GENOMES GENETICS 2019; 9:769-787. [PMID: 30647106 PMCID: PMC6404619 DOI: 10.1534/g3.118.200805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
We explored the effects of ultraviolet B radiation (UV-B) on the developmental dynamics of microRNAs and phased small-interfering-RNA (phasi-RNAs)-producing loci by sequencing small RNAs in vegetative and reproductive organs of grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.). In particular, we tested different UV-B conditions in in vitro-grown plantlets (high-fluence exposition) and in berries from field-grown (radiation filtering) and greenhouse-grown (low- and high-fluence expositions) adult plants throughout fruit development and ripening. The functional significance of the observed UV-coordinated miRNA responses was supported by degradome evidences of ARGONAUTE (AGO)-programmed slicing of mRNAs. Co-expression patterns of the up-regulated miRNAs miR156, miR482, miR530, and miR828 with cognate target gene expressions in response to high-fluence UV-B was tested by q-RT-PCR. The observed UV-response relationships were also interrogated against two published UV-stress and developmental transcriptome datasets. Together, the dynamics observed between miRNAs and targets suggest that changes in target abundance are mediated transcriptionally and, in some cases, modulated post-transcriptionally by miRNAs. Despite the major changes in target abundance are being controlled primarily by those developmental effects that are similar between treatments, we show evidence for novel miRNA-regulatory networks in grape. A model is proposed where high-fluence UV-B increases miR168 and miR530 that target ARGONAUTE 1 (AGO1) and a Plus-3 domain mRNA, respectively, while decreasing miR403 that targets AGO2, thereby coordinating post-transcriptional gene silencing activities by different AGOs. Up-regulation of miR3627/4376 could facilitate anthocyanin accumulation by antagonizing a calcium effector, whereas miR395 and miR399, induced by micronutrient deficiencies known to trigger anthocyanin accumulation, respond positively to UV-B radiation. Finally, increases in the abundance of an anthocyanin-regulatory MYB-bHLH-WD40 complex elucidated in Arabidopsis, mediated by UV-B-induced changes in miR156/miR535, could contribute to the observed up-regulation of miR828. In turn, miR828 would regulate the AtMYB113-ortologues MYBA5, A6 and A7 (and thereby anthocyanins) via a widely conserved and previously validated auto-regulatory loop involving miR828 and phasi TAS4abc RNAs.
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Ma F, Yao W, Wang L, Wang Y. Dynamic translocation of stilbene synthase VpSTS29 from a Chinese wild Vitis species upon UV irradiation. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2019; 159:137-147. [PMID: 30611873 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2018.12.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2018] [Revised: 12/09/2018] [Accepted: 12/26/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Stilbene phytoalexins derived from grapevine can be rapidly accumulated when exposed to an artificial UV-C treatment. However, the underlying mechanisms involved in this accumulation and translocation are unclear. Here, we describe an investigation of the influence of UV-C treatment on the dynamic subcellular distribution of a member of a stilbene synthase family VpSTS29 derived from Chinese wild Vitis pseudoreticulata W.T. Wang when over-expressed in V. vinifera L. cv. Thompson Seedless. Our results show that VpSTS29-GFP was accumulated at a relatively high level in roots and mature leaves of transgenic grape lines, and was predominantly distributed in the cytoplasm. When exposed to UV-C irradiation, VpSTS29 displayed UV-induced feature coupled with the accumulation of stilbene compounds. Notably, VpSTS29-GFP can be translocated from the cytoplasm into chloroplasts upon UV-irradiation. Leaves from the two VpSTS29-GFP-expressing lines displayed more serious UV damage, showing withering and marginal scorching phenotype, and decreased content of H2O2, compared to the untransformed plant. Also, overexpression of VpSTS29 altered the expression of genes related to redox regulation, stilbene biosynthesis and light stimulus. Co-expression of VpSTS29-GFP with Glycolate oxidase 1 (myc-VpGLO1) confirmed the ability of stilbenes to decrease the content of H2O2 in Arabidopsis mesophyll protoplasts. These results provide new insight into the biological functions and properties of stilbene synthase and its product in response to environmental stimulus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fuli Ma
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology and Germplasm Innovation in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, People's Republic of China; State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenkong Yao
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology and Germplasm Innovation in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, People's Republic of China; State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Wang
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology and Germplasm Innovation in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, People's Republic of China; State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuejin Wang
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology and Germplasm Innovation in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, People's Republic of China; State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, People's Republic of China.
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Martínez-Lüscher J, Brillante L, Kurtural SK. Flavonol Profile Is a Reliable Indicator to Assess Canopy Architecture and the Exposure of Red Wine Grapes to Solar Radiation. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2019; 10:10. [PMID: 30766542 PMCID: PMC6365461 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2019.00010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2018] [Accepted: 01/07/2019] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Exposure to solar radiation is a determining factor of grape composition. Flavonol synthesis is upregulated by solar radiation leaving a fingerprint on flavonol profile. This study aimed to test the factors affecting flavonol accumulation and profile and their potential as an indicator to assess the overall exposure of red wine grape berry to solar radiation. We performed three experiments to study the response of flavonol accumulation and profile to (1) three different solar radiation exclusion treatments during berry development; (2) canopy porosity and leaf area index (LAI); and (3) spatial variability of water status, vigor and ripening and cultural practices in commercial vineyards. Results showed a strong relationship between global radiation, inverse dormant pruning weights or canopy porosity (inversely proportional to LAI) and % kaempferol or % quercetin. Furthermore, the increase in concentration of the above two flavonols was associated with a reduction of % myricetin. Total flavonol content, % kaempferol, % quercetin, and % myricetin had significant correlations with inverse dormant pruning weights, but these were less sensitive to over-ripening or water deficits. Flavonol profile was associated to site hydrology (wetness index) through changes in vigor, and to LAI; and responded to shoot thinning or fruit-zone leaf removal. These results support the reliability of the flavonol profile as an assessment parameter for studies aiming to discuss canopy architecture or the effect of solar radiation on grapevine berries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johann Martínez-Lüscher
- Department of Viticulture and Enology, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Luca Brillante
- Department of Viticulture and Enology, California State University, Fresno, Fresno, CA, United States
| | - Sahap Kaan Kurtural
- Department of Viticulture and Enology, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
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Bubola M, Lukić I, Radeka S, Sivilotti P, Grozić K, Vanzo A, Bavčar D, Lisjak K. Enhancement of Istrian Malvasia wine aroma and hydroxycinnamate composition by hand and mechanical leaf removal. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2019; 99:904-914. [PMID: 30009493 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.9262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2018] [Revised: 05/25/2018] [Accepted: 07/11/2018] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Leaf removal is a viticultural practice that promotes the biosynthesis of several important grape constituents by improving fruit zone microclimate. The purpose of this study was to assess the effects of hand and mechanical leaf removal, applied at the pea-size stage of berry development, on fruit zone microclimate, volatile aroma compounds, hydroxycinnamates and sensory characteristics of Istrian Malvasia (Vitis vinifera L.) wines. Three different sunlight exposure conditions were applied: hand leaf removal (HLR), mechanical leaf removal (MLR) and untreated control (UC). RESULTS Both leaf removal treatments, and especially the more intense HLR, significantly increased the concentration of varietal thiol 3-sulfanylhexan-1-ol, monoterpenes, β-damascenone and esters. The higher concentration of these aromas contributed to the improvement of wine sensory quality, as expressed by more enhanced floral, fruity and tropical sensory attributes in leaf removal treatments. Hydroxycinnamates were increased only by HLR, a treatment with a greater degree of fruit exposure to sunlight than MLR. CONCLUSION Leaf removal applied at the pea-size stage of berry development in a season characterized by abundant rainfall improves both the chemical composition and sensory quality of Istrian Malvasia wine, even when performed by machine, implying that this technique might be successfully applied in large-scale viticultural production. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Igor Lukić
- Institute of Agriculture and Tourism, Poreč, Croatia
| | - Sanja Radeka
- Institute of Agriculture and Tourism, Poreč, Croatia
| | - Paolo Sivilotti
- Department of Agricultural, Food, Environmental and Animal Sciences, University of Udine, Udine, Italy
| | | | - Andreja Vanzo
- Agricultural Institute of Slovenia, Ljubljana, Slovenija
| | - Dejan Bavčar
- Agricultural Institute of Slovenia, Ljubljana, Slovenija
| | - Klemen Lisjak
- Agricultural Institute of Slovenia, Ljubljana, Slovenija
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Duan B, Song C, Zhao Y, Jiang Y, Shi P, Meng J, Zhang Z. Dynamic changes in anthocyanin biosynthesis regulation of Cabernet Sauvignon (Vitis vinifera L.) grown during the rainy season under rain-shelter cultivation. Food Chem 2019; 283:404-413. [PMID: 30722891 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2018.12.131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2018] [Revised: 12/05/2018] [Accepted: 12/31/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) berry coloring mechanism in response to seasonal rain during grape ripening remains poorly understood. Therefore, anthocyanin biosynthesis regulation, dynamic changes in anthocyanin accumulation, biosynthetic enzyme activities, and related gene expression patterns were investigated in Cabernet Sauvignon grown under rain-shelter cultivation and open-field cultivation. Results showed that anthocyanin biosynthesis was strongly repressed during the rainy season. Environmental fluctuation from seasonal rain provoked metabolic responses in grapes, and there was a significantly greater accumulation of most of the anthocyanins, mainly the compositions of non-acylated and non-methylated, under rain-shelter cultivation; these findings indicate that rain-shelter cultivation may help improve tolerance to seasonal rain-induced stresses. Obvious resilience was observed in anthocyanins of open-field-cultivated grapes at harvest. Hierarchical cluster analysis indicated strong correlations between anthocyanin contents, CHI and DFR activities, and VvMYB5b transcriptional level. These findings provide novel insight into the crucial factors that directly modulate anthocyanin biosynthesis and consequently control grape coloration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingbing Duan
- College of Enology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Changzheng Song
- College of Enology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Yimei Zhao
- College of Enology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Yue Jiang
- College of Enology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Pengbao Shi
- College of Enology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China; College of Food Science & Technology, Hebei Normal University of Science & Technology, Qinhuangdao 066600, Hebei, China.
| | - Jiangfei Meng
- College of Enology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China; Shaanxi Engineering Research Center for Viti-Viniculture, Northwest A & F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Zhenwen Zhang
- College of Enology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China; Shaanxi Engineering Research Center for Viti-Viniculture, Northwest A & F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China.
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47
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Li C, Liu S, Zhang W, Chen K, Zhang P. Transcriptional profiling and physiological analysis reveal the critical roles of ROS-scavenging system in the Antarctic moss Pohlia nutans under Ultraviolet-B radiation. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2019; 134:113-122. [PMID: 30448024 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2018.10.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2018] [Revised: 09/23/2018] [Accepted: 10/30/2018] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Organisms suffer more harmful ultraviolet radiation in the Antarctica due to the ozone layer destruction. Bryophytes are the dominant flora in the Antarctic continent. However, the molecular mechanism of Antarctic moss adaptation to UV-B radiation remains unclear. In the research, the transcriptional profiling of the Antarctic moss Pohlia nutans under UV-B radiation was conducted by Illumina HiSeq2500 platform. Totally, 72,922 unigenes with N50 length of 1434 bp were generated. Differential expression analysis demonstrated that 581 unigenes were markedly up-regulated and 249 unigenes were significantly down-regulated. The gene clustering analysis showed that these differentially expressed genes (DEGs) includes several transcription factors, photolyases, antioxidant enzymes, and flavonoid biosynthesis-related genes. Further analyses suggested that the content of malondialdehyde (MDA), the activities of several antioxidant enzymes (i.e., catalase, peroxidase, and glutathione reductase) were significantly enhanced upon UV-B treatment. Furthermore, the content of flavonoids and the gene expression levels of their synthesis-related enzymes were also markedly increased when plants were exposed to UV-B light. Therefore, these results suggested that the pathways of antioxidant enzymes, flavonoid synthesis and photolyases were the main defense systems that contributed to the adaption of Pohlia nutans to the enhanced UV-B radiation in Antarctica.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengcheng Li
- National Glycoengineering Research Center, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, China
| | - Shenghao Liu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Bioactive Substance, The First Institute of Oceanography, State Oceanic Administration, Qingdao, 266061, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- School of Environment, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266061, China
| | - Kaoshan Chen
- National Glycoengineering Research Center, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, China
| | - Pengying Zhang
- National Glycoengineering Research Center, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, China.
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48
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Ferreira V, Pinto-Carnide O, Arroyo-García R, Castro I. Berry color variation in grapevine as a source of diversity. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2018; 132:696-707. [PMID: 30146416 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2018.08.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2018] [Revised: 08/17/2018] [Accepted: 08/18/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Even though it is one of the oldest perennial domesticated fruit crops in the world, grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) cultivation today is the result of both conventional breeding practices (i.e. hybridizations adopted during the last century) and vegetative propagation. Human-assisted asexual propagation has allowed the maintenance of desired traits but has largely impacted the frequency of spontaneous somatic mutations observed in the field. Consequently, many grapevine fruit attributes to date have been artificially selected, including: fruit yield, compactness, size and composition, the latter being greatly diversified in the pursuit of altering berry skin coloration. The present review provides an overview of various aspects related to grapevine diversity, with a special emphasis on grape berry skin color variation and will discuss the current knowledge of how grape skin color variation is affected by the synthesis of phenolic compounds, particularly anthocyanins and their underlying genetic factors. We hope this knowledge will be useful in supporting the importance of the berry color trait diversity in cultivated grapevines, which is used as basis for selection during breeding programs because of its application for vine growers, winemakers and consumers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa Ferreira
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal; Centre for Plant Biotechnology and Genomics (UPM-INIA, CBGP), Campus de Montegancedo, Autovía M40 km38, 28223 Pozuelo de Alarcón, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Olinda Pinto-Carnide
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Rosa Arroyo-García
- Centre for Plant Biotechnology and Genomics (UPM-INIA, CBGP), Campus de Montegancedo, Autovía M40 km38, 28223 Pozuelo de Alarcón, Madrid, Spain
| | - Isaura Castro
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
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49
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Yang J, Li B, Shi W, Gong Z, Chen L, Hou Z. Transcriptional Activation of Anthocyanin Biosynthesis in Developing Fruit of Blueberries ( Vaccinium corymbosum L.) by Preharvest and Postharvest UV Irradiation. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2018; 66:10931-10942. [PMID: 30269498 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.8b03081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The effect and mechanism of preharvest and postharvest ultraviolet (UV) irradiation on anthocyanin biosynthesis during blueberry development were investigated. The results showed that preharvest UV-B,C and postharvest UV-A,B,C irradiation significantly promoted anthocyanin biosynthesis and the transcripts of late biosynthetic genes (LBG) VcDFR, VcANS, VcUFGT, and VcMYB transcription factor as well as DFR and UFGT activities in anthocyanin pathway in a UV wavelength- and developmental stage-dependent manner. VcMYB expression was positively correlated with that of VcANS and VcUFGT and coincided with anthocyanin biosynthesis responding to the UV radiation. Sugar decreased during postharvest but increased during preharvest UV radiation in mature fruit. Our results indicate that UV-responsive production of anthocyanins is mainly caused by the activation of anthocyanin downstream pathway genes, which could be upregulated by VcMYB. Furthermore, different potential response mechanisms may exist between preharvest and postharvest UV radiation in blueberries, involving a systemic response in living plants and a nonsystemic response in postharvest fruit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junfeng Yang
- Key Laboratory for Silviculture and Conservation of Ministry of Education, Research & Development Center of Blueberry , Beijing Forestry University , Beijing 100083 , China
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Resources/Beijing Botanical Garden , Institute of Botany, The Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100093 , China
- The Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , China
| | - Binbin Li
- Key Laboratory for Silviculture and Conservation of Ministry of Education, Research & Development Center of Blueberry , Beijing Forestry University , Beijing 100083 , China
| | - Wenjun Shi
- Key Laboratory for Silviculture and Conservation of Ministry of Education, Research & Development Center of Blueberry , Beijing Forestry University , Beijing 100083 , China
| | - Zhongzhi Gong
- Key Laboratory for Silviculture and Conservation of Ministry of Education, Research & Development Center of Blueberry , Beijing Forestry University , Beijing 100083 , China
| | - Lu Chen
- Key Laboratory for Silviculture and Conservation of Ministry of Education, Research & Development Center of Blueberry , Beijing Forestry University , Beijing 100083 , China
| | - Zhixia Hou
- Key Laboratory for Silviculture and Conservation of Ministry of Education, Research & Development Center of Blueberry , Beijing Forestry University , Beijing 100083 , China
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50
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Ma Q, Yang J. Transcriptome profiling and identification of the functional genes involved in berry development and ripening in Vitis vinifera. Gene 2018; 680:84-96. [PMID: 30257181 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2018.09.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2017] [Revised: 09/17/2018] [Accepted: 09/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The length of berry lag phase determines the overall time needed for grape berries to get mature, but the functional gene networks in this phase have not been well documented. In order to reveal the origin of the somatic variation and regulation mechanism of grape berry development and ripening, an early ripening mutant of Vitis vinifera with a shorter lag phase was used for transcriptome profiling. The RNA-seq results revealed that 2021 and 2470 genes were up- and down-regulated, respectively, in the early ripening mutant compared to the wild type. The GO and KEGG enrichment analysis indicated that the up-regulated genes belonged to several pathways and metabolisms, among which the most significant constituents were for biosynthesis of secondary metabolites and flavonoid biosynthesis. The down-regulated genes were involved in biosynthesis of secondary metabolites, plant hormone signal transduction, and photosynthesis. Many transcription factors including WRKYs, AP2-EREBPs, and MYBs were also differentially expressed, suggesting their regulatory roles in berry development and ripening. The transcriptomic comparisons suggested that the prominent up-regulation of an Arabidopsis SnRK3.23, CIPK23 or PKS17 homolog could have driven the early ripening phenotype in the mutant by activating the downstream VvABF2 transcription factor in the ABA signaling. At the same time, ethylene and auxin were also involved in this process. As a result, the major ripening related genes, e.g., MYBA1, MYBA2, VvUFGT, GRIP22, and STS were activated in the mutant. The results are of importance for future studies on manipulation of grape berry ripening time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Ma
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Plant Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jingli Yang
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Plant Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, People's Republic of China
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