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Sybilska E, Collin A, Sadat Haddadi B, Mur LAJ, Beckmann M, Guo W, Simpson CG, Daszkowska-Golec A. The cap-binding complex modulates ABA-responsive transcript splicing during germination in barley (Hordeum vulgare). Sci Rep 2024; 14:18278. [PMID: 39107424 PMCID: PMC11303550 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-69373-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 08/05/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024] Open
Abstract
To decipher the molecular bases governing seed germination, this study presents the pivotal role of the cap-binding complex (CBC), comprising CBP20 and CBP80, in modulating the inhibitory effects of abscisic acid (ABA) in barley. Using both single and double barley mutants in genes encoding the CBC, we revealed that the double mutant hvcbp20.ab/hvcbp80.b displays ABA insensitivity, in stark contrast to the hypersensitivity observed in single mutants during germination. Our comprehensive transcriptome and metabolome analysis not only identified significant alterations in gene expression and splicing patterns but also underscored the regulatory nexus among CBC, ABA, and brassinosteroid (BR) signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewa Sybilska
- Institute of Biology, Biotechnology and Environmental Protection, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Silesia in Katowice, Jagiellońska 28, 40-032, Katowice, Poland
| | - Anna Collin
- Institute of Biology, Biotechnology and Environmental Protection, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Silesia in Katowice, Jagiellońska 28, 40-032, Katowice, Poland
| | | | - Luis A J Mur
- Department of Life Science, Aberystwyth University, Aberystwyth, UK
| | - Manfred Beckmann
- Department of Life Science, Aberystwyth University, Aberystwyth, UK
| | - Wenbin Guo
- Information and Computational Sciences, James Hutton Institute, Dundee, DD2 5DA, Scotland, UK
| | - Craig G Simpson
- Cell and Molecular Sciences, James Hutton Institute, Dundee, DD2 5DA, Scotland, UK
| | - Agata Daszkowska-Golec
- Institute of Biology, Biotechnology and Environmental Protection, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Silesia in Katowice, Jagiellońska 28, 40-032, Katowice, Poland.
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2
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Yao H, Li G, Gao Z, Guo F, Feng J, Xiao G, Shen H, Li H. Alternative splicing responses to salt stress in Glycyrrhiza uralensis revealed by global profiling of transcriptome RNA-seq datasets. Front Genet 2024; 15:1397502. [PMID: 39045328 PMCID: PMC11263197 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2024.1397502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 07/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Excessive reactive oxygen species stress due to salinity poses a significant threat to the growth of Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch. To adapt to salt stress, G. uralensis engages in alternative splicing (AS) to generate a variety of proteins that help it withstand the effects of salt stress. While several studies have investigated the impact of alternative splicing on plants stress responses, the mechanisms by which AS interacts with transcriptional regulation to modulate the salt stress response in G. uralensis remain poorly understood. In this study, we utilized high-throughput RNA sequencing data to perform a comprehensive analysis of AS events at various time points in G. uralensis under salt stress, with exon skipping (SE) being the predominant AS type. KEGG enrichment analysis was performed on the different splicing genes (DSG), and pathways associated with AS were significantly enriched, including RNA transport, mRNA surveillance, and spliceosome. This indicated splicing regulation of genes, resulting in AS events under salt stress conditions. Moreover, plant response to salt stress pathways were also enriched, such as mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathway - plant, flavonoid biosynthesis, and oxidative phosphorylation. We focused on four differentially significant genes in the MAPK pathway by AS and qRT-PCR analysis. The alternative splicing type of MPK4 and SnRK2 was skipped exon (SE). ETR2 and RbohD were retained intron (RI) and alternative 5'splice site (A5SS), respectively. The expression levels of isoform1 of these four genes displayed different but significant increases in different tissue sites and salt stress treatment times. These findings suggest that MPK4, SnRK2, ETR2, and RbohD in G. uralensis activate the expression of isoform1, leading to the production of more isoform1 protein and thereby enhancing resistance to salt stress. These findings suggest that salt-responsive AS directly and indirectly governs G. uralensis salt response. Further investigations into AS function and mechanism during abiotic stresses may offer novel references for bolstering plant stress tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Yao
- Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Phytomedicine Resource and Utilization of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Oasis Town and Mountain-Basin System Ecology of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, College of Life Sciences, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China
| | - Guozhi Li
- Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Phytomedicine Resource and Utilization of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Oasis Town and Mountain-Basin System Ecology of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, College of Life Sciences, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China
| | - Zhuanzhuan Gao
- Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Phytomedicine Resource and Utilization of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Oasis Town and Mountain-Basin System Ecology of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, College of Life Sciences, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China
| | - Fei Guo
- Zhuhai College of Science and Technology, Zhuhai, China
| | - Jianghua Feng
- Business School of Xinjiang Normal University, Urumqi, China
| | - Guanghui Xiao
- College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an, China
| | - Haitao Shen
- Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Phytomedicine Resource and Utilization of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Oasis Town and Mountain-Basin System Ecology of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, College of Life Sciences, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China
| | - Hongbin Li
- Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Phytomedicine Resource and Utilization of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Oasis Town and Mountain-Basin System Ecology of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, College of Life Sciences, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China
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3
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Sugumar T, Shen G, Smith J, Zhang H. Creating Climate-Resilient Crops by Increasing Drought, Heat, and Salt Tolerance. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:1238. [PMID: 38732452 PMCID: PMC11085490 DOI: 10.3390/plants13091238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2024] [Revised: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024]
Abstract
Over the years, the changes in the agriculture industry have been inevitable, considering the need to feed the growing population. As the world population continues to grow, food security has become challenged. Resources such as arable land and freshwater have become scarce due to quick urbanization in developing countries and anthropologic activities; expanding agricultural production areas is not an option. Environmental and climatic factors such as drought, heat, and salt stresses pose serious threats to food production worldwide. Therefore, the need to utilize the remaining arable land and water effectively and efficiently and to maximize the yield to support the increasing food demand has become crucial. It is essential to develop climate-resilient crops that will outperform traditional crops under any abiotic stress conditions such as heat, drought, and salt, as well as these stresses in any combinations. This review provides a glimpse of how plant breeding in agriculture has evolved to overcome the harsh environmental conditions and what the future would be like.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tharanya Sugumar
- Department of Biological Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA; (T.S.); (J.S.)
| | - Guoxin Shen
- Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China;
| | - Jennifer Smith
- Department of Biological Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA; (T.S.); (J.S.)
| | - Hong Zhang
- Department of Biological Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA; (T.S.); (J.S.)
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4
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Benitez-Alfonso Y, Soanes BK, Zimba S, Sinanaj B, German L, Sharma V, Bohra A, Kolesnikova A, Dunn JA, Martin AC, Khashi U Rahman M, Saati-Santamaría Z, García-Fraile P, Ferreira EA, Frazão LA, Cowling WA, Siddique KHM, Pandey MK, Farooq M, Varshney RK, Chapman MA, Boesch C, Daszkowska-Golec A, Foyer CH. Enhancing climate change resilience in agricultural crops. Curr Biol 2023; 33:R1246-R1261. [PMID: 38052178 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2023.10.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
Climate change threatens global food and nutritional security through negative effects on crop growth and agricultural productivity. Many countries have adopted ambitious climate change mitigation and adaptation targets that will exacerbate the problem, as they require significant changes in current agri-food systems. In this review, we provide a roadmap for improved crop production that encompasses the effective transfer of current knowledge into plant breeding and crop management strategies that will underpin sustainable agriculture intensification and climate resilience. We identify the main problem areas and highlight outstanding questions and potential solutions that can be applied to mitigate the impacts of climate change on crop growth and productivity. Although translation of scientific advances into crop production lags far behind current scientific knowledge and technology, we consider that a holistic approach, combining disciplines in collaborative efforts, can drive better connections between research, policy, and the needs of society.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Beth K Soanes
- Centre for Plant Sciences, School of Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Sibongile Zimba
- Centre for Plant Sciences, School of Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK; Horticulture Department, Lilongwe University of Agriculture and Natural Resources, P.O. Box 219, Lilongwe, Malawi
| | - Besiana Sinanaj
- Plants, Photosynthesis and Soil, School of Biosciences, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TN, UK
| | - Liam German
- Centre for Plant Sciences, School of Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Vinay Sharma
- International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Hyderabad 502324, India
| | - Abhishek Bohra
- State Agricultural Biotechnology Centre, Centre for Crop and Food Innovation, Food Futures Institute, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA 6150, Australia
| | - Anastasia Kolesnikova
- Biological Sciences, University of Southampton, Life Sciences Building 85, Highfield Campus, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK
| | - Jessica A Dunn
- Plants, Photosynthesis and Soil, School of Biosciences, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TN, UK; Institute for Sustainable Food, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TN, UK
| | - Azahara C Martin
- Institute for Sustainable Agriculture (IAS-CSIC), Córdoba 14004, Spain
| | - Muhammad Khashi U Rahman
- Microbiology and Genetics Department, Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca 37007, Spain; Institute for Agribiotechnology Research (CIALE), University of Salamanca, Villamayor de la Armuña 37185, Spain
| | - Zaki Saati-Santamaría
- Microbiology and Genetics Department, Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca 37007, Spain; Institute for Agribiotechnology Research (CIALE), University of Salamanca, Villamayor de la Armuña 37185, Spain; Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Paula García-Fraile
- Microbiology and Genetics Department, Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca 37007, Spain; Institute for Agribiotechnology Research (CIALE), University of Salamanca, Villamayor de la Armuña 37185, Spain
| | - Evander A Ferreira
- Institute of Agrarian Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Avenida Universitária 1000, 39404547, Montes Claros, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Leidivan A Frazão
- Institute of Agrarian Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Avenida Universitária 1000, 39404547, Montes Claros, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Wallace A Cowling
- The UWA Institute of Agriculture, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Kadambot H M Siddique
- The UWA Institute of Agriculture, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Manish K Pandey
- International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Hyderabad 502324, India
| | - Muhammad Farooq
- The UWA Institute of Agriculture, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia; Department of Plant Sciences, College of Agricultural and Marine Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, Al-Khoud 123, Oman
| | - Rajeev K Varshney
- State Agricultural Biotechnology Centre, Centre for Crop and Food Innovation, Food Futures Institute, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA 6150, Australia
| | - Mark A Chapman
- Biological Sciences, University of Southampton, Life Sciences Building 85, Highfield Campus, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK
| | - Christine Boesch
- School of Food Science and Nutrition, Faculty of Environment, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Agata Daszkowska-Golec
- Institute of Biology, Biotechnology and Environmental Protection, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Silesia in Katowice, Jagiellonska 28, 40-032 Katowice, Poland
| | - Christine H Foyer
- School of Biosciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
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Szurman-Zubrzycka M, Kurowska M, Till BJ, Szarejko I. Is it the end of TILLING era in plant science? FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1160695. [PMID: 37674734 PMCID: PMC10477672 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1160695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023]
Abstract
Since its introduction in 2000, the TILLING strategy has been widely used in plant research to create novel genetic diversity. TILLING is based on chemical or physical mutagenesis followed by the rapid identification of mutations within genes of interest. TILLING mutants may be used for functional analysis of genes and being nontransgenic, they may be directly used in pre-breeding programs. Nevertheless, classical mutagenesis is a random process, giving rise to mutations all over the genome. Therefore TILLING mutants carry background mutations, some of which may affect the phenotype and should be eliminated, which is often time-consuming. Recently, new strategies of targeted genome editing, including CRISPR/Cas9-based methods, have been developed and optimized for many plant species. These methods precisely target only genes of interest and produce very few off-targets. Thus, the question arises: is it the end of TILLING era in plant studies? In this review, we recap the basics of the TILLING strategy, summarize the current status of plant TILLING research and present recent TILLING achievements. Based on these reports, we conclude that TILLING still plays an important role in plant research as a valuable tool for generating genetic variation for genomics and breeding projects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriam Szurman-Zubrzycka
- Institute of Biology, Biotechnology and Environmental Protection, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Silesia in Katowice, Katowice, Poland
| | - Marzena Kurowska
- Institute of Biology, Biotechnology and Environmental Protection, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Silesia in Katowice, Katowice, Poland
| | - Bradley J. Till
- Veterinary Genetics Laboratory, University of California, Davis, Davis, United States
| | - Iwona Szarejko
- Institute of Biology, Biotechnology and Environmental Protection, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Silesia in Katowice, Katowice, Poland
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6
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Sybilska E, Daszkowska-Golec A. Alternative splicing in ABA signaling during seed germination. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1144990. [PMID: 37008485 PMCID: PMC10060653 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1144990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Seed germination is an essential step in a plant's life cycle. It is controlled by complex physiological, biochemical, and molecular mechanisms and external factors. Alternative splicing (AS) is a co-transcriptional mechanism that regulates gene expression and produces multiple mRNA variants from a single gene to modulate transcriptome diversity. However, little is known about the effect of AS on the function of generated protein isoforms. The latest reports indicate that alternative splicing (AS), the relevant mechanism controlling gene expression, plays a significant role in abscisic acid (ABA) signaling. In this review, we present the current state of the art about the identified AS regulators and the ABA-related changes in AS during seed germination. We show how they are connected with the ABA signaling and the seed germination process. We also discuss changes in the structure of the generated AS isoforms and their impact on the functionality of the generated proteins. Also, we point out that the advances in sequencing technology allow for a better explanation of the role of AS in gene regulation by more accurate detection of AS events and identification of full-length splicing isoforms.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Agata Daszkowska-Golec
- Institute of Biology, Biotechnology and Environmental Protection, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Silesia in Katowice, Katowice, Poland
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7
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Mikołajczak K, Kuczyńska A, Krajewski P, Kempa M, Nuc M. Transcriptome profiling disclosed the effect of single and combined drought and heat stress on reprogramming of genes expression in barley flag leaf. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 13:1096685. [PMID: 36726667 PMCID: PMC9885109 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1096685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Despite numerous studies aimed at unraveling the genetic background of barley's response to abiotic stress, the modulation of the transcriptome induced by combinatorial drought and increased temperature remains largely unrecognized. Very limited studies were done, especially on the flag leaf, which plays an important role in grain filling in cereals. In the present study, transcriptome profiles, along with chlorophyll fluorescence parameters and yield components, were compared between barley genotypes with different flag leaf sizes under single and combined drought and heat stress. High-throughput mRNA sequencing revealed 2,457 differentially expressed genes, which were functionally interpreted using Gene Ontology term enrichment analysis. The transcriptomic signature under double stress was more similar to effects caused by drought than by elevated temperature; it was also manifested at phenotypic and chlorophyll fluorescence levels. Both common and stress-specific changes in transcript abundance were identified. Genes regulated commonly across stress treatments, determining universal stress responses, were associated, among others, with responses to drought, heat, and oxidative stress. In addition, changes specific to the size of the flag leaf blade were found. Our study allowed us to identify sets of genes assigned to various processes underlying the response to drought and heat, including photosynthesis, the abscisic acid pathway, and lipid transport. Genes encoding LEA proteins, including dehydrins and heat shock proteins, were especially induced by stress treatments. Some association between genetic composition and flag leaf size was confirmed. However, there was no general coincidence between SNP polymorphism of genotypes and differential expression of genes induced by stress factors. This research provided novel insight into the molecular mechanisms of barley flag leaf that determine drought and heat response, as well as their co-occurrence.
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Mikołajczak K, Kuczyńska A, Ogrodowicz P, Kiełbowicz-Matuk A, Ćwiek-Kupczyńska H, Daszkowska-Golec A, Szarejko I, Surma M, Krajewski P. High-throughput sequencing data revealed genotype-specific changes evoked by heat stress in crown tissue of barley sdw1 near-isogenic lines. BMC Genomics 2022; 23:177. [PMID: 35246029 PMCID: PMC8897901 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-022-08410-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND High temperature shock is becoming increasingly common in our climate, affecting plant growth and productivity. The ability of a plant to survive stress is a complex phenomenon. One of the essential tissues for plant performance under various environmental stimuli is the crown. However, the molecular characterization of this region remains poorly investigated. Gibberellins play a fundamental role in whole-plant stature formation. This study identified plant stature modifications and crown-specific transcriptome re-modeling in gibberellin-deficient barley sdw1.a (BW827) and sdw1.d (BW828) mutants exposed to increased temperature. RESULTS The deletion around the sdw1 gene in BW827 was found to encompass at least 13 genes with primarily regulatory functions. A bigger genetic polymorphism of BW828 than of BW827 in relation to wild type was revealed. Transcriptome-wide sequencing (RNA-seq) revealed several differentially expressed genes involved in gibberellin metabolism and heat response located outside of introgression regions. It was found that HvGA20ox4, a paralogue of the HvGA20ox2 gene, was upregulated in BW828 relative to other genotypes, which manifested as basal internode elongation. The transcriptome response to elevated temperature differed in the crown of sdw1.a and sdw1.d mutants; it was most contrasting for HvHsf genes upregulated under elevated temperature in BW828, whereas those specific to BW827 were downregulated. In-depth examination of sdw1 mutants revealed also some differences in their phenotypes and physiology. CONCLUSIONS We concluded that despite the studied sdw1 mutants being genetically related, their heat response seemed to be genotype-specific and observed differences resulted from genetic background diversity rather than single gene mutation, multiple gene deletion, or allele-specific expression of the HvGA20ox2 gene. Differences in the expressional reaction of genes to heat in different sdw1 mutants, found to be independent of the polymorphism, could be further explained by in-depth studies of the regulatory factors acting in the studied system. Our findings are particularly important in genetic research area since molecular response of crown tissue has been marginally investigated, and can be useful for wide genetic research of crops since barley has become a model plant for them.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Anetta Kuczyńska
- Institute of Plant Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | - Piotr Ogrodowicz
- Institute of Plant Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | | | | | - Agata Daszkowska-Golec
- Institute of Biology, Biotechnology and Environmental Protection, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Silesia in Katowice, Katowice, Poland
| | - Iwona Szarejko
- Institute of Biology, Biotechnology and Environmental Protection, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Silesia in Katowice, Katowice, Poland
| | - Maria Surma
- Institute of Plant Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | - Paweł Krajewski
- Institute of Plant Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Poznań, Poland.
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Gajek K, Janiak A, Korotko U, Chmielewska B, Marzec M, Szarejko I. Whole Exome Sequencing-Based Identification of a Novel Gene Involved in Root Hair Development in Barley ( Hordeum vulgare L.). Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222413411. [PMID: 34948205 PMCID: PMC8709170 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222413411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Revised: 11/26/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Root hairs play a crucial role in anchoring plants in soil, interaction with microorganisms and nutrient uptake from the rhizosphere. In contrast to Arabidopsis, there is a limited knowledge of root hair morphogenesis in monocots, including barley (Hordeum vulgare L.). We have isolated barley mutant rhp1.e with an abnormal root hair phenotype after chemical mutagenesis of spring cultivar ‘Sebastian’. The development of root hairs was initiated in the mutant but inhibited at the very early stage of tip growth. The length of root hairs reached only 3% of the length of parent cultivar. Using a whole exome sequencing (WES) approach, we identified G1674A mutation in the HORVU1Hr1G077230 gene, located on chromosome 1HL and encoding a cellulose synthase-like C1 protein (HvCSLC1) that might be involved in the xyloglucan (XyG) synthesis in root hairs. The identified mutation led to the retention of the second intron and premature termination of the HvCSLC1 protein. The mutation co-segregated with the abnormal root hair phenotype in the F2 progeny of rhp1.e mutant and its wild-type parent. Additionally, different substitutions in HORVU1Hr1G077230 were found in four other allelic mutants with the same root hair phenotype. Here, we discuss the putative role of HvCSLC1 protein in root hair tube elongation in barley.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Gajek
- Institute of Biology, Biotechnology and Environmental Protection, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Silesia, 40-032 Katowice, Poland; (K.G.); (A.J.); (B.C.); (M.M.)
| | - Agnieszka Janiak
- Institute of Biology, Biotechnology and Environmental Protection, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Silesia, 40-032 Katowice, Poland; (K.G.); (A.J.); (B.C.); (M.M.)
| | - Urszula Korotko
- Centre for Bioinformatics and Data Analysis, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-089 Bialystok, Poland;
| | - Beata Chmielewska
- Institute of Biology, Biotechnology and Environmental Protection, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Silesia, 40-032 Katowice, Poland; (K.G.); (A.J.); (B.C.); (M.M.)
| | - Marek Marzec
- Institute of Biology, Biotechnology and Environmental Protection, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Silesia, 40-032 Katowice, Poland; (K.G.); (A.J.); (B.C.); (M.M.)
| | - Iwona Szarejko
- Institute of Biology, Biotechnology and Environmental Protection, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Silesia, 40-032 Katowice, Poland; (K.G.); (A.J.); (B.C.); (M.M.)
- Correspondence:
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Weng X, Zhou X, Xie S, Gu J, Wang ZY. Identification of cassava alternative splicing-related genes and functional characterization of MeSCL30 involvement in drought stress. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2021; 160:130-142. [PMID: 33486203 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2021.01.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2020] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Alternative splicing (AS) is an important post-transcriptional regulation strategy that can increase the proteome diversity and regulate mRNA level in eukaryote. Multi-exon genes can be alternative spliced to generate two or more transcripts, thereby increasing the adaptation to the external stress conditions in planta. However, AS-related proteins were less explored in cassava which is an important staple crop in the tropical area. A total of 365 genes encoding AS-related proteins were identified and renamed in the cassava genome, and the transcriptional and splicing changes of 15 randomly selected genes were systematically investigated in the tissues under diverse abiotic stress conditions. 13 out of 15 genes undergo AS in the tissues and under diverse environmental stress condition. Importantly, the greatest changes of splicing patterns were found in the leaf or in response to temperature stress, indicating that AS-related proteins had their tissue-specific regulation patterns and might be participated in the plant adaptation to temperature stress. We then found that overexpression of MeSCL30 in Arabidopsis enhanced the tolerance to drought stress through maintaining reactive oxygen species (ROS) homeostasis and increasing the expression of drought-responsive genes. Therefore, these findings refined the AS-related protein-coding genes and provided novel insights for manipulation of AS-related genes in order to enhance the resistance to environmental stress in plant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xun Weng
- Institute of Bioengineering, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangdong, 510316, China; Hainan Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropical Bioresource, Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan, 570228, China
| | - Xiaoxia Zhou
- Hainan Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropical Bioresource, Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan, 570228, China
| | - Shangqian Xie
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Genetics and Germplasm Innovation of Tropical Special Trees and Ornamental Plants, Hainan Key Laboratory for Biology of Tropical Ornamental Plant Germplasm, College of Forestry, Natural Rubber Cooperative Innovation Centre of Hainan Province & Ministry of Education of China, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Jinbao Gu
- Institute of Bioengineering, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangdong, 510316, China.
| | - Zhen-Yu Wang
- Institute of Bioengineering, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangdong, 510316, China; Zhanjiang Sugarcane Research Center, Guangzhou Sugarcane Industry Research Institute, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, 524300, China.
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Daszkowska-Golec A, Karcz J, Plociniczak T, Sitko K, Szarejko I. Cuticular waxes-A shield of barley mutant in CBP20 (Cap-Binding Protein 20) gene when struggling with drought stress. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2020; 300:110593. [PMID: 33180718 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2020.110593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Revised: 06/27/2020] [Accepted: 07/02/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
CBP20 (Cap-Binding Protein 20) encodes a small subunit of nuclear Cap-Binding Complex (nCBC) that together with CBP80 binds mRNA cap. We previously described barley hvcbp20.ab mutant that demonstrated higher leaf water content and faster stomatal closure than the WT after drought stress. Hence, we presumed that the better water-saving mechanism in hvcbp20.ab may result from the lower permeability of epidermis that together with stomata action limit the water evaporation under drought stress. We asked whether hvcbp20.ab exhibited any differences in wax load on the leaf surface when subjected to drought in comparison to WT cv. 'Sebastian'. To address this question, we investigated epicuticular wax structure and chemical composition under drought stress in hvcbp20.ab mutant and its WT. We showed that hvcbp20.ab mutant exhibited the increased deposition of cuticular wax. Moreover, our gene expression results suggested a role of HvCBP20 as a negative regulator of both, the biosynthesis of waxes at the level of alkane-forming, and waxes transportation. Interestingly, we also observed increased wax deposition in Arabidopsis cbp20 mutant exposed to drought, which allowed us to describe the CBP20-regulated epicuticular wax accumulation under drought stress in a wider evolutionarily context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agata Daszkowska-Golec
- Institute of Biology, Biotechnology and Environmental Protection, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Silesia in Katowice, Jagiellonska 28, 40-032, Katowice, Poland.
| | - Jagna Karcz
- Institute of Biology, Biotechnology and Environmental Protection, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Silesia in Katowice, Jagiellonska 28, 40-032, Katowice, Poland
| | - Tomasz Plociniczak
- Institute of Biology, Biotechnology and Environmental Protection, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Silesia in Katowice, Jagiellonska 28, 40-032, Katowice, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Sitko
- Institute of Biology, Biotechnology and Environmental Protection, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Silesia in Katowice, Jagiellonska 28, 40-032, Katowice, Poland
| | - Iwona Szarejko
- Institute of Biology, Biotechnology and Environmental Protection, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Silesia in Katowice, Jagiellonska 28, 40-032, Katowice, Poland
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Daszkowska-Golec A. Degrade or Silence? - RNA Turnover Takes Control of Epicuticular Wax Synthesis. TRENDS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2020; 25:950-952. [PMID: 32646720 DOI: 10.1016/j.tplants.2020.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2020] [Revised: 06/15/2020] [Accepted: 06/24/2020] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Epicuticular waxes serve as a protective layer on plant aerial surfaces. The chemical reactions of wax biosynthesis are well understood, but little is known about the underlying regulatory mechanisms. New data from Yang et al. and Lange et al. argue that RNA degradation and silencing play a key role in regulating the content of alkanes, the most abundant components of wax.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agata Daszkowska-Golec
- Institute of Biology, Biotechnology, and Environmental Protection, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Silesia in Katowice, Jagiellońska 28, 40-032 Katowice, Poland.
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13
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Marzec M, Daszkowska-Golec A, Collin A, Melzer M, Eggert K, Szarejko I. Barley strigolactone signalling mutant hvd14.d reveals the role of strigolactones in abscisic acid-dependent response to drought. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2020; 43:2239-2253. [PMID: 32501539 DOI: 10.1111/pce.13815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2020] [Revised: 05/28/2020] [Accepted: 05/30/2020] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Strigolactones (SLs) are a group of plant hormones involved in many aspects of plant development and stress adaptation. Here, we investigated the drought response of a barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) mutant carrying a missense mutation in the gene encoding the SL-specific receptor HvD14. Our results clearly showed that hvd14.d mutant is hyper-sensitive to drought stress. This was illustrated by a lower leaf relative water content (RWC), impaired photosynthesis, disorganization of chloroplast structure, altered stomatal density and slower closure of stomata in response to drought in the mutant compared to the wild type parent cultivar Sebastian. Although the content of abscisic acid (ABA) and its derivatives remained unchanged in the mutant, significant differences in expression of genes related to ABA biosynthesis were observed. Moreover, hvd14.d was insensitive to ABA during seed germination. Analysis of Arabidopsis thaliana mutant atd14-1 also demonstrated that mutation in the SL receptor resulted in increased sensitivity to drought. Our results indicate that the drought-sensitive phenotype of barley SL mutant might be caused by a disturbed ABA metabolism and/or signalling pathways. These results together uncovered a link between SL signalling and ABA-dependent drought stress response in barley.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marek Marzec
- Institute of Biology, Biotechnology and Environmental Protection, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - Agata Daszkowska-Golec
- Institute of Biology, Biotechnology and Environmental Protection, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - Anna Collin
- Institute of Biology, Biotechnology and Environmental Protection, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - Michael Melzer
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK), Gatersleben, Germany
| | - Kai Eggert
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK), Gatersleben, Germany
| | - Iwona Szarejko
- Institute of Biology, Biotechnology and Environmental Protection, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
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Methyl Jasmonate Affects Photosynthesis Efficiency, Expression of HvTIP Genes and Nitrogen Homeostasis in Barley. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21124335. [PMID: 32570736 PMCID: PMC7352393 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21124335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Revised: 06/11/2020] [Accepted: 06/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Jasmonates modulate many growth and developmental processes and act as stress hormones that play an important role in plant tolerance to biotic and abiotic stresses. Therefore, there is a need to identify the genes that are regulated through the jasmonate signalling pathway. Aquaporins, and among them the Tonoplast Intrinsic Proteins (TIPs), form the channels in cell membranes that are responsible for the precise regulation of the movement of water and other substrates between cell compartments. We identified the cis-regulatory motifs for the methyl jasmonate (MeJA)-induced genes in the promoter regions of all the HvTIP genes, which are active in barley seedlings, and thus we hypothesised that the HvTIP expression could be a response to jasmonate signalling. In the presented study, we determined the effect of methyl jasmonate on the growth parameters and photosynthesis efficiency of barley seedlings that had been exposed to different doses of MeJA (15–1000 µM × 120 h) in a hydroponic solution. All of the applied MeJA concentrations caused a significant reduction of barley seedling growth, which was most evident in the length of the first leaf sheath and dry leaf weight. The observed decrease of the PSII parameters after the exposure to high doses of MeJA (500 µM or higher) was associated with the downregulation of HvPsbR gene encoding one of the extrinsic proteins of the Oxygen Evolving Complex. The reduced expression of HvPsbR might lead to the impairment of the OEC action, manifested by the occurrence of the K-band in an analysis of fluorescence kinetics after MeJA treatment as well as reduced photosynthesis efficiency. Furthermore, methyl jasmonate treatment caused a decrease in the nitrogen content in barley leaves, which was associated with an increased expression the four tonoplast aquaporin genes (HvTIP1;2, HvTIP2;2, HvTIP4;1 and HvTIP4;2) predicted to transport the nitrogen compounds from the vacuole to the cytosol. The upregulation of the nitrogen-transporting HvTIPs might suggest their involvement in the vacuolar unloading of ammonia and urea, which both could be remobilised when the nitrogen content in the leaves decreases. Our research provides tips on physiological role of the individual TIP subfamily members of aquaporins under methyl jasmonate action.
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Collin A, Daszkowska-Golec A, Kurowska M, Szarejko I. Barley ABI5 ( Abscisic Acid INSENSITIVE 5) Is Involved in Abscisic Acid-Dependent Drought Response. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2020; 11:1138. [PMID: 32849699 PMCID: PMC7405899 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.01138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Accepted: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
ABA INSENSITIVE 5 (ABI5) is a basic leucine zipper (bZIP) transcription factor which acts in the abscisic acid (ABA) network and is activated in response to abiotic stresses. However, the precise role of barley (Hordeum vulgare) ABI5 in ABA signaling and its function under stress remains elusive. Here, we show that HvABI5 is involved in ABA-dependent regulation of barley response to drought stress. We identified barley TILLING mutants carrying different alleles in the HvABI5 gene and we studied in detail the physiological and molecular response to drought and ABA for one of them. The hvabi5.d mutant, carrying G1751A transition, was insensitive to ABA during seed germination, yet it showed the ability to store more water than its parent cv. "Sebastian" (WT) in response to drought stress. The drought-tolerant phenotype of hvabi5.d was associated with better membrane protection, higher flavonoid content, and faster stomatal closure in the mutant under stress compared to the WT. The microarray transcriptome analysis revealed up-regulation of genes associated with cell protection mechanisms in the mutant. Furthermore, HvABI5 target genes: HVA1 and HVA22 showed higher activity after drought, which may imply better adaptation of hvabi5.d to stress. On the other hand, chlorophyll content in hvabi5.d was lower than in WT, which was associated with decreased photosynthesis efficiency observed in the mutant after drought treatment. To verify that HvABI5 acts in the ABA-dependent manner we analyzed expression of selected genes related to ABA pathway in hvabi5.d and its WT parent after drought and ABA treatments. The expression of key genes involved in ABA metabolism and signaling differed in the mutant and the WT under stress. Drought-induced increase of expression of HvNCED1, HvBG8, HvSnRK2.1, and HvPP2C4 genes was 2-20 times higher in hvabi5.d compared to "Sebastian". We also observed a faster stomatal closure in hvabi5.d and much higher induction of HvNCED1 and HvSnRK2.1 genes after ABA treatment. Together, these findings demonstrate that HvABI5 plays a role in regulation of drought response in barley and suggest that HvABI5 might be engaged in the fine tuning of ABA signaling by a feedback regulation between biosynthetic and signaling events. In addition, they point to different mechanisms of HvABI5 action in regulating drought response and seed germination in barley.
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Kurowska MM, Wiecha K, Gajek K, Szarejko I. Drought stress and re-watering affect the abundance of TIP aquaporin transcripts in barley. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0226423. [PMID: 31846477 PMCID: PMC6917287 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0226423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2019] [Accepted: 11/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Tonoplast Intrinsic Proteins (TIP) are plant aquaporins that are primarily localized in the tonoplast and play a role in the bidirectional flux of water and other substrates across a membrane. In barley, eleven members of the HvTIP gene subfamily have been identified. Here, we describe the transcription profile of the HvTIP genes in the leaves of barley seedlings being grown under optimal moisture conditions, drought stress and a re-watering phase. The applied drought stress caused a 55% decrease in the relative water content (RWC) in seedlings, while re-watering increased the RWC to 90% of the control. Our analysis showed that all HvTIP genes, except HvTIP3;2, HvTIP4;3 and HvTIP5.1, were expressed in leaves of ten-day-old barley seedlings under optimal water conditions with the transcripts of HvTIP2;3, HvTIP1;2 and HvTIP1;1 being the most abundant. We showed, for the first time in barley, a significant variation in the transcriptional activity between the analysed genes under drought stress. After drought treatment, five HvTIP genes, which are engaged in water transport, were down-regulated to varying degrees, while two, HvTIP3;1 and HvTIP4;1, were up-regulated. The HvTIP3;1 isoform, which is postulated as transporting hydrogen peroxide, expressed the highest increase of activity (ca. 5000x) under drought stress, thus indicating its importance in the response to this stress. Re-hydration caused the return of the expression of many genes to the level that was observed under optimal moisture conditions or, at least, a change in this direction Additionally, we examined the promotor regions of HvTIP and detected the presence of the cis-regulatory elements that are connected with the hormone and stress responses in all of the genes. Overall, our results suggest that 7 of 11 studied HvTIP (HvTIP1;1, HvTIP1;2, HvTIP2;1, HvTIP2;2, HvTIP2;3, HvTIP3;1, HvTIP4;1) have an important function during the adaptation of barley to drought stress conditions. We discuss the identified drought-responsive HvTIP in terms of their function in the adaptation of barley to this stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marzena Małgorzata Kurowska
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
- * E-mail:
| | - Klaudia Wiecha
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Gajek
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - Iwona Szarejko
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
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17
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Genetic and Physiological Dissection of Photosynthesis in Barley Exposed to Drought Stress. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20246341. [PMID: 31888211 PMCID: PMC6940956 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20246341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2019] [Revised: 12/08/2019] [Accepted: 12/09/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Balanced photosynthesis under drought is essential for better survival and for agricultural benefits in terms of biomass and yield. Given the current attempts to improve the photosynthetic efficiency for greater crop yield, the explanation of the genetic basis of that process, together with the phenotypic analysis, is significant in terms of both basic studies and potential agricultural application. Therefore, the main objective of this study was to uncover the molecular basis of the photosynthesis process under drought stress in barley. To address that goal, we conducted transcriptomic examination together with detailed photosynthesis analysis using the JIP-test. Using this approach, we indicated that photosynthesis is a process that is very early affected in barley seedlings treated with severe drought stress. Rather than focusing on individual genes, our strategy was pointed to the identification of groups of genes with similar expression patterns. As such, we identified and annotated almost 150 barley genes as crucial core-components of photosystems, electron transport components, and Calvin cycle enzymes. Moreover, we designated 17 possible regulatory interactions between photosynthesis-related genes and transcription factors in barley. Summarizing, our results provide a list of candidate genes for future genetic research and improvement of barley drought tolerance by targeting photosynthesis.
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18
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Szopiński M, Sitko K, Gieroń Ż, Rusinowski S, Corso M, Hermans C, Verbruggen N, Małkowski E. Toxic Effects of Cd and Zn on the Photosynthetic Apparatus of the Arabidopsis halleri and Arabidopsis arenosa Pseudo-Metallophytes. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2019; 10:748. [PMID: 31244873 PMCID: PMC6563759 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2019.00748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2018] [Accepted: 05/21/2019] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Hyperaccumulation and hypertolerance of Trace Metal Elements (TME) like Cd and Zn are highly variable in pseudo-metallophytes species. In this study we compared the impact of high Cd or Zn concentration on the photosynthetic apparatus of the Arabidopsis arenosa and Arabidopsis halleri pseudo-metallophytes growing on the same contaminated site in Piekary Slaskie in southern Poland. Plants were grown in hydroponic culture for 6 weeks, and then treated with 1.0 mM Cd or 5.0 mM Zn for 5 days. Chlorophyll a fluorescence and pigment content were measured after 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 days in plants grown in control and exposed to Cd or Zn treatments. Moreover, the effect of TME excess on the level of oxidative stress and gas-exchange parameters were investigated. In both plant species, exposure to high Cd or Zn induced a decrease in chlorophyll and an increase in anthocyanin contents in leaves compared to the control condition. After 5 days Cd treatment, energy absorbance, trapped energy flux and the percentage of active reaction centers decreased in both species. However, the dissipated energy flux in the leaves of A. arenosa was smaller than in A. halleri. Zn treatment had more toxic effect than Cd on electron transport in A. halleri compared with A. arenosa. A. arenosa plants treated with Zn excess did not react as strongly as in the Cd treatment and a decrease only in electron transport flux and percentage of active reaction centers compared with control was observed. The two species showed contrasting Cd and Zn accumulation. Cd concentration was almost 3-fold higher in A. arenosa leaves than in A. halleri. On the opposite, A. halleri leaves contained 3-fold higher Zn concentration than A. arenosa. In short, our results showed that the two Arabidopsis metallicolous populations are resistant to high Cd or Zn concentration, however, the photosynthetic apparatus responded differently to the toxic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michał Szopiński
- Department of Plant Physiology, University of Silesia in Katowice, Katowice, Poland
- *Correspondence: Michał Szopiński
| | - Krzysztof Sitko
- Department of Plant Physiology, University of Silesia in Katowice, Katowice, Poland
| | - Żaneta Gieroń
- Department of Plant Physiology, University of Silesia in Katowice, Katowice, Poland
| | | | - Massimiliano Corso
- Laboratoire de Physiologie et de Génétique Moléculaire des Plantes, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Christian Hermans
- Laboratoire de Physiologie et de Génétique Moléculaire des Plantes, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Nathalie Verbruggen
- Laboratoire de Physiologie et de Génétique Moléculaire des Plantes, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Eugeniusz Małkowski
- Department of Plant Physiology, University of Silesia in Katowice, Katowice, Poland
- Eugeniusz Małkowski
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19
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Szurman-Zubrzycka ME, Zbieszczyk J, Marzec M, Jelonek J, Chmielewska B, Kurowska MM, Krok M, Daszkowska-Golec A, Guzy-Wrobelska J, Gruszka D, Gajecka M, Gajewska P, Stolarek M, Tylec P, Sega P, Lip S, Kudełko M, Lorek M, Gorniak-Walas M, Malolepszy A, Podsiadlo N, Szyrajew KP, Keisa A, Mbambo Z, Todorowska E, Gaj M, Nita Z, Orlowska-Job W, Maluszynski M, Szarejko I. HorTILLUS-A Rich and Renewable Source of Induced Mutations for Forward/Reverse Genetics and Pre-breeding Programs in Barley ( Hordeum vulgare L.). FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2018; 9:216. [PMID: 29515615 PMCID: PMC5826354 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2018.00216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2017] [Accepted: 02/05/2018] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
TILLING (Targeting Induced Local Lesions IN Genomes) is a strategy used for functional analysis of genes that combines the classical mutagenesis and a rapid, high-throughput identification of mutations within a gene of interest. TILLING has been initially developed as a discovery platform for functional genomics, but soon it has become a valuable tool in development of desired alleles for crop breeding, alternative to transgenic approach. Here we present the HorTILLUS ( Hordeum-TILLING-University of Silesia) population created for spring barley cultivar "Sebastian" after double-treatment of seeds with two chemical mutagens: sodium azide (NaN3) and N-methyl-N-nitrosourea (MNU). The population comprises more than 9,600 M2 plants from which DNA was isolated, seeds harvested, vacuum-packed, and deposited in seed bank. M3 progeny of 3,481 M2 individuals was grown in the field and phenotyped. The screening for mutations was performed for 32 genes related to different aspects of plant growth and development. For each gene fragment, 3,072-6,912 M2 plants were used for mutation identification using LI-COR sequencer. In total, 382 mutations were found in 182.2 Mb screened. The average mutation density in the HorTILLUS, estimated as 1 mutation per 477 kb, is among the highest mutation densities reported for barley. The majority of mutations were G/C to A/T transitions, however about 8% transversions were also detected. Sixty-one percent of mutations found in coding regions were missense, 37.5% silent and 1.1% nonsense. In each gene, the missense mutations with a potential effect on protein function were identified. The HorTILLUS platform is the largest of the TILLING populations reported for barley and best characterized. The population proved to be a useful tool, both in functional genomic studies and in forward selection of barley mutants with required phenotypic changes. We are constantly renewing the HorTILLUS population, which makes it a permanent source of new mutations. We offer the usage of this valuable resource to the interested barley researchers on cooperative basis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriam E. Szurman-Zubrzycka
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - Justyna Zbieszczyk
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - Marek Marzec
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - Janusz Jelonek
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - Beata Chmielewska
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - Marzena M. Kurowska
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - Milena Krok
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - Agata Daszkowska-Golec
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - Justyna Guzy-Wrobelska
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - Damian Gruszka
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - Monika Gajecka
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - Patrycja Gajewska
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - Magdalena Stolarek
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - Piotr Tylec
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - Paweł Sega
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - Sabina Lip
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - Monika Kudełko
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - Magdalena Lorek
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Gorniak-Walas
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - Anna Malolepszy
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - Nina Podsiadlo
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - Katarzyna P. Szyrajew
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - Anete Keisa
- Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, University of Latvia, Riga, Latvia
| | - Zodwa Mbambo
- Biosciences, Council for Scientific and Industrial Research, Pretoria, South Africa
| | | | - Marek Gaj
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - Zygmunt Nita
- Seed Company Plant Breeding Strzelce Ltd., Plant Breeding and Acclimatization Institute, Błonie, Poland
| | - Wanda Orlowska-Job
- Seed Company Plant Breeding Strzelce Ltd., Plant Breeding and Acclimatization Institute, Błonie, Poland
| | - Miroslaw Maluszynski
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - Iwona Szarejko
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
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20
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Laloum T, Martín G, Duque P. Alternative Splicing Control of Abiotic Stress Responses. TRENDS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2018; 23:140-150. [PMID: 29074233 DOI: 10.1016/j.tplants.2017.09.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 281] [Impact Index Per Article: 46.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2017] [Revised: 09/25/2017] [Accepted: 09/26/2017] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Alternative splicing, which generates multiple transcripts from the same gene, is an important modulator of gene expression that can increase proteome diversity and regulate mRNA levels. In plants, this post-transcriptional mechanism is markedly induced in response to environmental stress, and recent studies have identified alternative splicing events that allow rapid adjustment of the abundance and function of key stress-response components. In agreement, plant mutants defective in splicing factors are severely impaired in their response to abiotic stress. Notably, mounting evidence indicates that alternative splicing regulates stress responses largely by targeting the abscisic acid (ABA) pathway. We review here current understanding of post-transcriptional control of plant stress tolerance via alternative splicing and discuss research challenges for the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tom Laloum
- Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência, 2780-156 Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Guiomar Martín
- Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência, 2780-156 Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Paula Duque
- Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência, 2780-156 Oeiras, Portugal.
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21
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Daszkowska-Golec A. Emerging Roles of the Nuclear Cap-Binding Complex in Abiotic Stress Responses. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2018; 176:242-253. [PMID: 29142023 PMCID: PMC5761810 DOI: 10.1104/pp.17.01017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2017] [Accepted: 10/23/2017] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Plant nuclear CBC consisted of two subunits (CBP20 and CBP80) is involved in both conserved processes related to RNA metabolism and simultaneously in extremely dynamic plant stress response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agata Daszkowska-Golec
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Silesia in Katowice, 40-032 Katowice, Poland
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