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Zhang X, Zhu X, Chen L, Fan H, Liu X, Yang N, Duan Y, Wang Y. MiR398b Targets Superoxide Dismutase Genes in Soybean in Defense Against Heterodera glycines via Modulating Reactive Oxygen Species Homeostasis. PHYTOPATHOLOGY 2024:PHYTO09230343R. [PMID: 38970805 DOI: 10.1094/phyto-09-23-0343-r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/08/2024]
Abstract
MicroRNAs play crucial roles in plant defense responses. However, the underlying mechanism by which miR398b contributes to soybean responses to soybean cyst nematode (Heterodera glycines) remains elusive. In this study, by using Agrobacterium rhizogenes-mediated transformation of soybean hairy roots, we observed that miR398b and target genes GmCCS and GmCSD1b played vital functions in soybean-H. glycines interaction. The study revealed that the abundance of miR398b was downregulated by H. glycines infection, and overexpression of miR398b enhanced the susceptibility of soybean to H. glycines. Conversely, silencing of miR398b improved soybean resistance to H. glycines. Detection assays revealed that miR398b rapidly senses stress-induced reactive oxygen species, leading to the repression of target genes GmCCS and GmCSD1b and regulating the accumulation of plant defense genes against nematode infection. Moreover, exogenous synthetic ds-miR398b enhanced soybean sensitivity to H. glycines by modulating H2O2 and O2- levels. Functional analysis demonstrated that overexpression of GmCCS and GmCSD1b in soybean enhanced resistance to H. glycines. RNA interference-mediated repression of GmCCS and GmCSD1b in soybean increased susceptibility to H. glycines. RNA sequencing revealed that a majority of differentially expressed genes in overexpressed GmCCS were associated with oxidative stress. Overall, the results indicate that miR398b targets superoxide dismutase genes, which negatively regulate soybean resistance to H. glycines via modulating reactive oxygen species levels and defense signals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Zhang
- Nematology Institute of Northern China, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
- College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Xiaofeng Zhu
- Nematology Institute of Northern China, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
- College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Lijie Chen
- Nematology Institute of Northern China, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
- College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Haiyan Fan
- Nematology Institute of Northern China, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
- College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Xiaoyu Liu
- Nematology Institute of Northern China, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
- College of Sciences, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Ning Yang
- Nematology Institute of Northern China, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
- College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Yuxi Duan
- Nematology Institute of Northern China, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
- College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Yuanyuan Wang
- Nematology Institute of Northern China, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
- College of Biological Science and Technology, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
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2
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Hussain I, Shehzad MA, Akhtar G, Shafique Ahmad K, Mubeen K, Hassan W, Faried HN, Ahmad S, Aziz M, Yasin S, Al-Abbadi GA, El-Sheikh MA, Elansary HO, Ullah F. Supplemental Sodium Nitroprusside and Spermidine Regulate Water Balance and Chlorophyll Pigments to Improve Sunflower Yield under Terminal Drought. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:30478-30491. [PMID: 39035905 PMCID: PMC11256320 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.4c02061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2024] [Revised: 06/07/2024] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024]
Abstract
Drought is an inevitable environmental stress that drastically hampers the growth, productivity, and quality of food crops. Exogenous sodium nitroprusside and spermidine have decisive functions in the growth enhancement of plants; nevertheless, their specific role in mediating stress responses to improve drought tolerance in sunflowers at the reproductive stage (terminal drought) remains largely unknown. In the present study, we explored the positive effects of sodium nitroprusside and spermidine on physiological responses to increase in sunflower yield during periods of terminal drought. Initially, various doses (50, 100, 150, 200, 400 μM) for each sodium nitroprusside or spermidine were foliar sprayed to improve water content, chlorophylls, and biomass accumulation in sunflower seedlings under control (100% FC) and drought (60% FC) conditions. Optimized rates (100 μM for sodium nitroprusside) and (100 μM for spermidine) were further tested alone and in combination to assess drought tolerance potential and their ultimate impact on yield under drought stress. Drought exposure caused a marked reduction in relative water content (26%) and chlorophyll a (31%) and b (35%) contents; however, sodium nitroprusside and spermidine at 100 μM significantly improved the growth of sunflower (13%). Furthermore, combined use of sodium nitroprusside and spermidine at 100 + 100 μM markedly improved the achenes per head (16%), 1000-achene weight (14%), and ultimately grain (28%) and oil (21%) yields of sunflowers under drought stress. A strong association was found between the 1000-achene weight and the achene yield of sunflower. Hence, combined sodium nitroprusside and spermidine upregulate water balance and chlorophyll contents to increase sunflower yield under terminal drought.
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Affiliation(s)
- Israr Hussain
- Department
of Agronomy, Muhammad Nawaz Shareef University
of Agriculture, Multan 66000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Asif Shehzad
- Institute
of Plant Breeding and Biotechnology, Muhammad
Nawaz Shareef University of Agriculture, Multan 66000, Pakistan
| | - Gulzar Akhtar
- Department
of Horticulture, Muhammad Nawaz Shareef
University of Agriculture, Multan 66000, Pakistan
| | - Khawaja Shafique Ahmad
- Department
of Botany, University of Poonch Rawalakot
(UPR), Rawalakot 12350, Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Pakistan
| | - Khuram Mubeen
- Department
of Agronomy, Muhammad Nawaz Shareef University
of Agriculture, Multan 66000, Pakistan
| | - Waseem Hassan
- Department
of Soil and Environmental Sciences, Muhammad
Nawaz Shareef University of Agriculture, Multan 66000, Pakistan
| | - Hafiz Nazar Faried
- Department
of Horticulture, Muhammad Nawaz Shareef
University of Agriculture, Multan 66000, Pakistan
| | - Shabbir Ahmad
- Department
of Food Science and Technology, Muhammad
Nawaz Shareef University of Agriculture, Multan 66000, Pakistan
| | - Mudassir Aziz
- Department
of Agronomy, Muhammad Nawaz Shareef University
of Agriculture, Multan 66000, Pakistan
| | - Sanaullah Yasin
- Department
of Soil and Environmental Sciences, Ghazi
University, Dera Ghazi
Khan 32200, Pakistan
| | - Ghanim A. Al-Abbadi
- Department
of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Kuwait University, Safat, Kuwait City 12037, Kuwait
| | - Mohamed A. El-Sheikh
- Botany
and Microbiology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hosam O. Elansary
- Plant
Production Department, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fazal Ullah
- State
Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
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3
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Hareem M, Danish S, Obaid SA, Ansari MJ, Datta R. Mitigation of drought stress in chili plants (Capsicum annuum L.) using mango fruit waste biochar, fulvic acid and cobalt. Sci Rep 2024; 14:14270. [PMID: 38902414 PMCID: PMC11189930 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-65082-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Drought stress can have negative impacts on crop productivity. It triggers the accumulation of reactive oxygen species, which causes oxidative stress. Limited water and nutrient uptake under drought stress also decreases plant growth. Using cobalt and fulvic acid with biochar in such scenarios can effectively promote plant growth. Cobalt (Co) is a component of various enzymes and co-enzymes. It can increase the concentration of flavonoids, total phenols, antioxidant enzymes (peroxidase, catalase, and polyphenol oxidase) and proline. Fulvic acid (FA), a constituent of soil organic matter, increases the accessibility of nutrients to plants. Biochar (BC) can enhance soil moisture retention, nutrient uptake, and plant productivity during drought stress. That's why the current study explored the influence of Co, FA and BC on chili plants under drought stress. This study involved 8 treatments, i.e., control, 4 g/L fulvic acid (4FA), 20 mg/L cobalt sulfate (20CoSO4), 4FA + 20CoSO4, 0.50%MFWBC (0.50 MFWBC), 4FA + 0.50MFWBC, 20CoSO4 + 0.50MFWBC, 4FA + 20CoSO4 + 0.50MFWBC. Results showed that 4 g/L FA + 20CoSO4 with 0.50MFWBC caused an increase in chili plant height (23.29%), plant dry weight (28.85%), fruit length (20.17%), fruit girth (21.41%) and fruit yield (25.13%) compared to control. The effectiveness of 4 g/L FA + 20CoSO4 with 0.50MFWBC was also confirmed by a significant increase in total chlorophyll contents, as well as nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K) in leaves over control. In conclusion4g/L, FA + 20CoSO4 with 0.50MFWBC can potentially improve the growth of chili cultivated in drought stress. It is suggested that 4 g/L FA + 20CoSO4 with 0.50MFWBC be used to alleviate drought stress in chili plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Misbah Hareem
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Woman University Multan, Multan, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Subhan Danish
- Pesticide Quality Control Laboratory, Agriculture Complex, Old Shujabad Road, Multan, Punjab, Pakistan.
| | - Sami Al Obaid
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, PO Box 2455, 11451, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Javed Ansari
- Department of Botany, Hindu College Moradabad (Mahatma Jyotiba Phule Rohilkhand University Bareilly), Moradabad, India
| | - Rahul Datta
- Department of Geology and Pedology, Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, 61300, Brno, Czech Republic.
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Xia K, Wu Q, Yang Y, Liu Q, Wang Z, Zhao Z, Li J, He J, Chai S, Qiu S. Drought Stress Induced Different Response Mechanisms in Three Dendrobium Species under Different Photosynthetic Pathways. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2731. [PMID: 38473979 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25052731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2023] [Revised: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 02/24/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Many Dendrobium species, which hold a high status and value in traditional Chinese medicine, grow on barks and rocks in the wild, often encountering harsh environments and facing droughts. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the shift in the photosynthetic pathway induced by drought remain unclear. To address this issue, three Dendrobium species with different photosynthetic pathways were selected for sequencing and transcriptome data analysis after drought treatment. The findings included 134.43 GB of sequencing data, with numerous Differentially Expressed Genes (DEGs) exhibiting different response mechanisms under drought stress. Gene Ontology (GO)-KEGG-based enrichment analysis of DEGs revealed that metabolic pathways contributed to drought tolerance and alterations in photosynthetic pathways. Phosphoenolpyruvate Carboxylase (PEPC) was subjected to phylogenetic tree construction, sequence alignment, and domain analysis. Under drought stress, variations were observed in the PEPC gene structure and expression among different Dendrobium species; the upregulation of Dc_gene2609 expression may be caused by dof-miR-384, which resulted in the shift from C3 photosynthesis to CAM, thereby improving drought tolerance in Dendrobium. This study revealed the expression patterns and roles of PEPC genes in enhancing plant drought tolerance and will provide an important basis for in-depth research on Dendrobium's adaptation mechanisms in arid environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Xia
- Guangxi Institute of Botany, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region and Chinese Academy of Sciences/Guangxi Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Phytochemicals and Sustainable Utilization, Guilin 541006, China
| | - Qiaofen Wu
- Guangxi Institute of Botany, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region and Chinese Academy of Sciences/Guangxi Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Phytochemicals and Sustainable Utilization, Guilin 541006, China
| | - Yanni Yang
- Guangxi Institute of Botany, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region and Chinese Academy of Sciences/Guangxi Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Phytochemicals and Sustainable Utilization, Guilin 541006, China
| | - Qiao Liu
- Guangxi Institute of Botany, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region and Chinese Academy of Sciences/Guangxi Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Phytochemicals and Sustainable Utilization, Guilin 541006, China
| | - Zaihua Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ornamental Plant Germplasm Innovation and Utilization, Environmental Horticulture Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Zhiguo Zhao
- Guangxi Institute of Botany, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region and Chinese Academy of Sciences/Guangxi Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Phytochemicals and Sustainable Utilization, Guilin 541006, China
| | - Jie Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ornamental Plant Germplasm Innovation and Utilization, Environmental Horticulture Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Jinxiang He
- Guangxi Institute of Botany, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region and Chinese Academy of Sciences/Guangxi Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Phytochemicals and Sustainable Utilization, Guilin 541006, China
| | - Shengfeng Chai
- Guangxi Institute of Botany, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region and Chinese Academy of Sciences/Guangxi Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Phytochemicals and Sustainable Utilization, Guilin 541006, China
| | - Shuo Qiu
- Guangxi Institute of Botany, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region and Chinese Academy of Sciences/Guangxi Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Phytochemicals and Sustainable Utilization, Guilin 541006, China
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Alsubhi SA, Aljeddani GS, Fallatah TA. Comparative assessment of metabolic, ionic and molecular responsiveness of four facultative halophytes to habitat salinization in the southwest of Jeddah Governorate, Saudi Arabia. BRAZ J BIOL 2024; 83:e277342. [PMID: 38422268 DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.277342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
This study explores the influence of salinity on some physiological and biochemical pathways of four facultative halophytes (Abutilon pannosum, Indigofera oblongifolia, Senna italica, and Tetraena coccinea) along the southwest coast of Jeddah Governorate. Through a comparative analysis of these plants in both saline and non-saline environments, the study investigates chlorophyll levels, ion concentrations within the plants, the correlation with the SOS1 gene, and the impact of salinity on metabolic compounds. The overarching goal is to gain insights into the adaptive mechanisms of these specific plants to salt stress, providing valuable information for addressing global agricultural challenges associated with salinity. Throughout the study, metabolic, ionic, and molecular responses of these plants were scrutinized in both environments. The findings revealed elevated levels of Na+, K+, Ca2+, and Mg2+ in saline habitats, except for Na+ in I. oblongifolia. Despite increased concentrations of Chl b, variations were noted in Chl a and carotenoids in plants exposed to salt. Osmoregulatory patterns in A. pannosum and I. oblongifolia exhibited reversible changes, including heightened protein and proline levels in A. pannosum and decreased levels in I. oblongifolia, accompanied by alterations in amino acids and soluble carbohydrates. Senna italica displayed higher levels of osmolytes, excluding proline, compared to salinized environments, while T. coccinea exhibited lower levels of amino acids. The accumulation of Na+ emerged as the primary mechanism for ionic homeostasis in these plants, with non-significant decreases observed in K+, Mg2+, and Ca2+. Notably, an overexpression of the SOS1 gene (plasma membrane Na+/H+ antiporter) was observed as a response to maintaining ionic balance. Understanding these halophytes will be critical in addressing salinity challenges and enhancing crop tolerance to salinity.
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Affiliation(s)
- S A Alsubhi
- University of Jeddah, College of Science, Department of Biology, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - G S Aljeddani
- University of Jeddah, College of Science, Department of Biology, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - T A Fallatah
- University of Jeddah, College of Science, Department of Biology, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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6
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Yang H, Song J, Yu X. Artemisia baimaensis allelopathy has a negative effect on the establishment of Elymus nutans artificial grassland in natural grassland. PLANT SIGNALING & BEHAVIOR 2023; 18:2163349. [PMID: 36645912 PMCID: PMC9851241 DOI: 10.1080/15592324.2022.2163349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Revised: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Planting Elymus nutans artificial grassland to replace degraded Artemisia baimaensis grassland on the Qinghai Tibetan plateau (QTP) can effectively alleviate local grass-livestock imbalance. However, it is unknown whether the allelopathy of natural grassland plant A. baimaensis on E. nutans affects grassland establishment. Accordingly, we examined the effects of varying concentrations of aqueous extracts of A. baimaensis litter on the seed germination and early seedling growth of E. nutans, and the effects of A. baimaensis volatile organic compounds (VOCs) on the growth parameters and physiological characteristics of E. nutans. The results indicate that the aqueous extract inhibited the force, percentage, and index of germination of E. nutans and affected early seedling growth, particularly at high concentrations. Further, the VOCs significantly reduced the aboveground and root biomass of E. nutans and increased malondialdehyde concentrations. Additionally, these VOCs altered the antioxidant enzyme activities and increased the superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, ascorbic acid peroxidase, soluble sugar, and proline content but significantly decreased glutathione reductase levels. Our results indicate that the allelopathy of A. baimaensis significantly inhibited the germination and seedling growth of E. nutans . Thus, the leaching of A. baimaensis may produce allelochemicals in the soil that inhibit the germination of E. nutans seeds. Moreover, the VOCs of A. baimaensis may disrupt the growth process, resulting in a decrease in biomass and a disruption of the physiological metabolism of seedlings under field conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hang Yang
- College of Grassland Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Grassland Ecosystem, Ministry of Education, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
- Pratacultural Engineering Laboratory of Gansu Province, Sino-U.S, Lanzhou, China
| | - Jianchao Song
- College of Grassland Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Grassland Ecosystem, Ministry of Education, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
- Pratacultural Engineering Laboratory of Gansu Province, Sino-U.S, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xiaojun Yu
- College of Grassland Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Grassland Ecosystem, Ministry of Education, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
- Pratacultural Engineering Laboratory of Gansu Province, Sino-U.S, Lanzhou, China
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7
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Wang W, Shi S, Kang W, He L. Enriched endogenous free Spd and Spm in alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) under drought stress enhance drought tolerance by inhibiting H 2O 2 production to increase antioxidant enzyme activity. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 291:154139. [PMID: 37988872 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2023.154139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/23/2023]
Abstract
Drought stress is a major factor limiting agricultural development, and exogenous polyamines (PAs) can increase plant drought resistance by enhancing antioxidant activity, but few studies have examined whether endogenous PAs enhance the plant antioxidant system. Here, to investigate the effects of endogenous PAs on the antioxidant system of alfalfa under drought stress and the underlying mechanisms, two alfalfa cultivars, Longzhong (drought resistant) and Gannong No. 3 (drought sensitive), were used as test materials, and their seedlings were treated with polyethylene glycol (PEG-6000) for 8 days at -1.2 MPa to simulate drought stress. The levels of free PAs [putrescine (Put), spermidine (Spd) and spermine (Spm)], hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), malondialdehyde (MDA), key PA metabolism enzyme [arginine decarboxylase (ADC), ornithine decarboxylase (ODC), S-adenosylmethionine decarboxylase (SAMDC), polyamine oxidase (PAO), and diamine oxidase (DAO)] activities, and antioxidant enzyme [superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and peroxidase (POD)] activities were measured. These physiological indicators were used for correlation analysis to investigate the relationship between PA metabolism and the antioxidant enzyme system. The results showed that PA synthesis in alfalfa under drought stress was dominated by the ADC pathway. Spd and Spm played an important role in improving drought tolerance. The high levels of ADC and SAMDC activities were facilitated by the conversion of Put to Spd and Spm. H2O2 generation by oxidative decomposition of PAs was mainly dependent on the oxidative decomposition of DAO but not PAO. Low DAO activity favored low H2O2 production. Spd, Spm, ADC, ODC and SAMDC were positively correlated with the antioxidant enzymes SOD, CAT and POD in both cultivars under drought. Therefore, we concluded that high ADC and SAMDC activities in alfalfa promoted the conversion of Put to Spd and Spm, leading to high accumulation of Spd and Spm and low Put accumulation. Low Put levels led to low H2O2 production through low DAO activity, and low H2O2 levels induced the expression of antioxidant enzyme-encoding genes to improve antioxidant enzyme activity and reduce MDA accumulation and thereby enhanced drought resistance in alfalfa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjuan Wang
- College of Grassland Science, Key Laboratory of Grassland Ecosystem (Ministry of Education), Pratacultural Engineering Laboratory of Gansu Province, Sino-U.S. Centers for Grazing Land Ecosystem Sustainability, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Shangli Shi
- College of Grassland Science, Key Laboratory of Grassland Ecosystem (Ministry of Education), Pratacultural Engineering Laboratory of Gansu Province, Sino-U.S. Centers for Grazing Land Ecosystem Sustainability, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China.
| | - Wenjuan Kang
- College of Grassland Science, Key Laboratory of Grassland Ecosystem (Ministry of Education), Pratacultural Engineering Laboratory of Gansu Province, Sino-U.S. Centers for Grazing Land Ecosystem Sustainability, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China.
| | - Long He
- College of Grassland Science, Key Laboratory of Grassland Ecosystem (Ministry of Education), Pratacultural Engineering Laboratory of Gansu Province, Sino-U.S. Centers for Grazing Land Ecosystem Sustainability, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
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8
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Dwivedi AK, Singh V, Anwar K, Pareek A, Jain M. Integrated transcriptome, proteome and metabolome analyses revealed secondary metabolites and auxiliary carbohydrate metabolism augmenting drought tolerance in rice. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2023; 201:107849. [PMID: 37393858 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2023.107849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Revised: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023]
Abstract
Drought is one of the major consequences of climate change and a serious threat to rice production. Drought stress activates interactions among genes, proteins and metabolites at the molecular level. A comparative multi-omics analysis of drought-tolerant and drought-sensitive rice cultivars can decipher the molecular mechanisms involved in drought tolerance/response. Here, we characterized the global-level transcriptome, proteome, and metabolome profiles, and performed integrated analyses thereof in a drought-sensitive (IR64) and a drought-tolerant (Nagina 22) rice cultivar under control and drought-stress conditions. The transcriptional dynamics and its integration with proteome analysis revealed the role of transporters in regulation of drought stress. The proteome response illustrated the contribution of translational machinery to drought tolerance in N22. The metabolite profiling revealed that aromatic amino acids and soluble sugars contribute majorly to drought tolerance in rice. The integrated transcriptome, proteome and metabolome analysis performed using statistical and knowledge-based methods revealed the preference for auxiliary carbohydrate metabolism through glycolysis and pentose phosphate pathway contributed to drought tolerance in N22. In addition, L-phenylalanine and the genes/proteins responsible for its biosynthesis were also found to contribute to drought tolerance in N22. In conclusion, our study provided mechanistic insights into the drought response/adaptation mechanism and is expected to facilitate engineering of drought tolerance in rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anuj Kumar Dwivedi
- School of Computational and Integrative Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, 110067, India.
| | - Vikram Singh
- School of Computational and Integrative Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, 110067, India.
| | - Khalid Anwar
- School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, 110067, India.
| | - Ashwani Pareek
- School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, 110067, India.
| | - Mukesh Jain
- School of Computational and Integrative Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, 110067, India.
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9
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Hua QQH, Young C, Pukala TL, Martino JC, Hoffmann P, Gillanders BM, Doubleday ZA. Better late than never: Optimising the proteomic analysis of field-collected octopus. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0288084. [PMID: 37437086 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0288084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Proteomics, the temporal study of proteins expressed by an organism, is a powerful technique that can reveal how organisms respond to biological perturbations, such as disease and environmental stress. Yet, the use of proteomics for addressing ecological questions has been limited, partly due to inadequate protocols for the sampling and preparation of animal tissues from the field. Although RNAlater is an ideal alternative to freezing for tissue preservation in transcriptomics studies, its suitability for the field could be more broadly examined. Moreover, existing protocols require samples to be preserved immediately to maintain protein integrity, yet the effects of delays in preservation on proteomic analyses have not been thoroughly tested. Hence, we optimised a proteomic workflow for wild-caught samples. First, we conducted a preliminary in-lab test using SDS-PAGE analysis on aquaria-reared Octopus berrima confirming that RNAlater can effectively preserve proteins up to 6 h after incubation, supporting its use in the field. Subsequently, we collected arm tips from wild-caught Octopus berrima and preserved them in homemade RNAlater immediately, 3 h, and 6 h after euthanasia. Processed tissue samples were analysed by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry to ascertain protein differences between time delay in tissue preservation, as well as the influence of sex, tissue type, and tissue homogenisation methods. Over 3500 proteins were identified from all tissues, with bioinformatic analysis revealing protein abundances were largely consistent regardless of sample treatment. However, nearly 10% additional proteins were detected from tissues homogenised with metal beads compared to liquid nitrogen methods, indicating the beads were more efficient at extracting proteins. Our optimised workflow demonstrates that sampling non-model organisms from remote field sites is achievable and can facilitate extensive proteomic coverage without compromising protein integrity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiaz Q H Hua
- Environment Institute and School of Biological Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Clifford Young
- Future Industries Institute, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, South Australia, Australia
- Clinical & Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Tara L Pukala
- Department of Chemistry, School of Physics, Chemistry and Earth Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Jasmin C Martino
- Future Industries Institute, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, South Australia, Australia
| | - Peter Hoffmann
- Future Industries Institute, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, South Australia, Australia
- Clinical & Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Bronwyn M Gillanders
- Environment Institute and School of Biological Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Zoe A Doubleday
- Future Industries Institute, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, South Australia, Australia
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10
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Razi K, Muneer S. Grafting enhances drought tolerance by regulating and mobilizing proteome, transcriptome and molecular physiology in okra genotypes. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1178935. [PMID: 37251756 PMCID: PMC10214962 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1178935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Drought stress poses a serious concern to the growth, development, and quality of the okra crop due to factors including decreased yield, inadequate development of dietary fibre, increased mite infestation, and decreased seed viability. Grafting is one of the strategies that have been developed to increase the drought stress tolerance of crops. We conducted proteomics, transcriptomics and integrated it with molecular physiology to assess the response of sensitive okra genotypes; NS7772 (G1), Green gold (G2) and OH3312 (G3) (scion) grafted to NS7774 (rootstock). In our studies we observed that sensitive okra genotypes grafted to tolerant genotypes mitigated the deleterious effects of drought stress through an increase in physiochemical parameters, and lowered reactive oxygen species. A comparative proteomic analysis showed a stress responsive proteins related to Photosynthesis, energy and metabolism, defence response, protein and nucleic acid biosynthesis. A proteomic investigation demonstrated that scions grafted onto okra rootstocks increased more photosynthesis-related proteins during drought stress, indicating an increase in photosynthetic activity when plants were subjected to drought stress. Furthermore, transcriptome of RD2, PP2C, HAT22, WRKY and DREB increased significantly, specifically for grafted NS7772 genotype. Furthermore, our study also indicated that grafting improved the yield components such as number of pods and seeds per plant, maximum fruit diameter, and maximum plant height in all genotypes which directly contributed towards their high resistance towards drought stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaukab Razi
- Horticulture and Molecular Physiology Lab, Department of Horticulture and Food Science, School of Agricultural Innovations and Advanced Learning, Vellore Institute of Technology, Tamil Nadu, Vellore, India
- School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Sowbiya Muneer
- Horticulture and Molecular Physiology Lab, Department of Horticulture and Food Science, School of Agricultural Innovations and Advanced Learning, Vellore Institute of Technology, Tamil Nadu, Vellore, India
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11
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Pakzad R, Fatehi F, Kalantar M, Maleki M. Proteomics approach to investigating osmotic stress effects on pistachio. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 13:1041649. [PMID: 36762186 PMCID: PMC9907329 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1041649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Osmotic stress can occur due to some stresses such as salinity and drought, threatening plant survival. To investigate the mechanism governing the pistachio response to this stress, the biochemical alterations and protein profile of PEG-treated plants was monitored. Also, we selected two differentially abundant proteins to validate via Real-Time PCR. Biochemical results displayed that in treated plants, proline and phenolic content was elevated, photosynthetic pigments except carotenoid decreased and MDA concentration were not altered. Our findings identified a number of proteins using 2DE-MS, involved in mitigating osmotic stress in pistachio. A total of 180 protein spots were identified, of which 25 spots were altered in response to osmotic stress. Four spots that had photosynthetic activities were down-regulated, and the remaining spots were up-regulated. The biological functional analysis of protein spots exhibited that most of them are associated with the photosynthesis and metabolism (36%) followed by stress response (24%). Results of Real-Time PCR indicated that two of the representative genes illustrated a positive correlation among transcript level and protein expression and had a similar trend in regulation of gene and protein. Osmotic stress set changes in the proteins associated with photosynthesis and stress tolerance, proteins associated with the cell wall, changes in the expression of proteins involved in DNA and RNA processing occur. Findings of this research will introduce possible proteins and pathways that contribute to osmotic stress and can be considered for improving osmotic tolerance in pistachio.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rambod Pakzad
- Department of Plant Breeding, Yazd Branch, Islamic Azad University, Yazd, Iran
| | - Foad Fatehi
- Department of Agriculture, Payame Noor University (PNU), Tehran, Iran
| | - Mansour Kalantar
- Department of Plant Breeding, Yazd Branch, Islamic Azad University, Yazd, Iran
| | - Mahmood Maleki
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Science and High Technology and Environmental Sciences, Graduate University of Advanced Technology, Kerman, Iran
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12
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Cheng SB, Yang XZ, Zou L, Wu DD, Lu JL, Cheng YR, Wang Y, Zeng J, Kang HY, Sha LN, Fan X, Ma X, Zhang XQ, Zhou YH, Zhang HQ. Comparative physiological and root transcriptome analysis of two annual ryegrass cultivars under drought stress. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2022; 277:153807. [PMID: 36095952 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2022.153807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Revised: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Annual ryegrass is a widely cultivated forage grass with rapid growth and high productivity. However, drought is one of the abiotic stresses affecting ryegrass growth and quality. In this study, we compared the physiological and transcriptome responses of Chuansi No.1 (drought-tolerant, DT) and Double Barrel (drought-sensitive, DS) under drought stress simulated by PEG-6000 for 7 days. The results showed that Chuansi No. 1 had stronger physiological and biochemical parameters such as root properties, water content, osmotic adjustment ability and antioxidant ability. In addition, RNA-seq was used to elucidate the molecular mechanism of root drought resistance. We identified 8588 differentially expressed genes related to drought tolerance in root, which were mainly enriched in oxidation-reduction process, carbohydrate metabolic process, apoplast, arginine and proline metabolism, and phenylpropanoid biosynthesis pathways. The expression levels of DEGs were consistent with physiological changes of ryegrass under drought stress. We found that genes related to sucrose and starch synthesis, root development, osmotic adjustment, ABA signal regulation and specifically up-regulated transcription factors such as WRKY41, WRKY51, ERF7, ERF109, ERF110, NAC43, NAC68, bHLH162 and bHLH148 in Chuansi No. 1 may be the reason for its higher drought tolerance. This study revealed the underlying physiological and molecular mechanisms of root response to drought stress in ryegrass and provided some new candidate genes for breeding rye drought tolerant varieties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shao-Bo Cheng
- Triticeae Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, 611130, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xun-Zhe Yang
- Triticeae Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, 611130, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Li Zou
- Triticeae Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, 611130, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Dan-Dan Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Sichuan Agricultural University, 611130, Chengdu, Sichuan, China; Triticeae Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, 611130, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Jia-Le Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Sichuan Agricultural University, 611130, Chengdu, Sichuan, China; College of Grassland Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, 611130, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yi-Ran Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Sichuan Agricultural University, 611130, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Sichuan Agricultural University, 611130, Chengdu, Sichuan, China; Triticeae Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, 611130, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Jian Zeng
- College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, 611130, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Hou-Yang Kang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Sichuan Agricultural University, 611130, Chengdu, Sichuan, China; Triticeae Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, 611130, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Li-Na Sha
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Sichuan Agricultural University, 611130, Chengdu, Sichuan, China; College of Grassland Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, 611130, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xing Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Sichuan Agricultural University, 611130, Chengdu, Sichuan, China; Triticeae Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, 611130, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiao Ma
- College of Grassland Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, 611130, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xin-Quan Zhang
- College of Grassland Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, 611130, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yong-Hong Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Sichuan Agricultural University, 611130, Chengdu, Sichuan, China; Triticeae Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, 611130, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Hai-Qin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Sichuan Agricultural University, 611130, Chengdu, Sichuan, China; College of Grassland Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, 611130, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
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13
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Yin H, Wang Z, Li H, Zhang Y, Yang M, Cui G, Zhang P. MsTHI1 overexpression improves drought tolerance in transgenic alfalfa ( Medicago sativa L.). FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:992024. [PMID: 36160983 PMCID: PMC9495609 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.992024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, drought stress caused by global warming has become a major constraint on agriculture. The thiamine thiazole synthase (THI1) is responsible for controlling thiamine production in plants displaying a response to various abiotic stresses. Nonetheless, most of the THI1 activities in plants remain largely unknown. In this study, we extracted MsTHI1 from alfalfa and demonstrated its beneficial impact on improving the resistance of plants to stress conditions. The highest levels of MsTHI1 expression were identified in alfalfa leaves, triggered by exposure to cold, drought, salt, or alkaline conditions. The upregulation of MsTHI1 in drought-stressed transgenic plants resulted in enhanced accumulation of vitamin B1 (VB1), chlorophyll a (Chl a), chlorophyll b (Chl b), soluble protein, higher soil and plant analyzer development (SPAD) value, and the activity of peroxidase (POD), maintained Fv/Fm, and decreased lipid peroxidation. Moreover, overexpression of MsTHI1 upregulated the transcription of THI4, TPK1, RbcX2, Cu/Zn-SOD, CPK13, and CPK32 and downregulated the transcription of TH1 and CPK17 in transgenic alfalfa under drought stress. These results suggested that MsTHI1 enhances drought tolerance by strengthening photosynthesis, regulating the antioxidant defense system, maintaining osmotic homeostasis, and mediating plant signal transduction.
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14
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Xing C, Li J, Yuan H, Yang J. Physiological and transcription level responses of microalgae Auxenochlorella protothecoides to cold and heat induced oxidative stress. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 211:113023. [PMID: 35276186 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.113023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2021] [Revised: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Temperature is a crucial factor affecting microalgae CO2 capture and utilization. However, an in-depth understanding of how microalgae respond to temperature stress is still unclear. In particular, the regulation mechanism under opposite temperature (heat and cold) stress had not yet been reported. In this study, the physicochemical properties and transcription level of related genes of microalgae Auxenochlorella protothecoides UTEX 2341 under heat and cold stress were investigated. Heat stress (Hs) caused a drastic increase of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in UTEX 2341. As key elements responded to Hs, superoxide dismutase (SOD) enzyme increased by 150%, 70%, and 30% in activity, and nitric oxide (NO) grew by 409.6%, 212.5%, and 990.4% in content compared with the control at 48 h, 96 h, 168 h. Under cold stress (Cs), ROS increased in the early stage and decreased in the later stage. As key factors responded to Cs, proline (Pro) increased respectively by 285%, 383%, and 81% in content, and heat shock transcriptional factor HSFA1d increased respectively by 161%, 71%, and 204% in transcript level compared with the control at 48 h, 96 h, 168 h. Furthermore, the transcript level of antioxidant enzymes or antioxidant coding genes was consistent with the changing trend of enzymes activity or antioxidant content. Notably, both glutathione (GSH) and heat shock protein 97 (hsp 97) were up-regulated in response to Hs and Cs. In conclusion, GSH and hsp 97 were the core elements of UTEX 2341 in response to both Hs and Cs. SOD and NO were the key elements that responded to Hs, while proline and HSFA1d were the key elements that responded to Cs. This study provided a basis for the understanding of the response mechanism of microalgae under temperature stress and the improvement of the microalgae tolerance to temperature stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Xing
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology and Key Laboratory of Soil Microbiology, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China.
| | - Jinyu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology and Key Laboratory of Soil Microbiology, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China.
| | - Hongli Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology and Key Laboratory of Soil Microbiology, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China.
| | - Jinshui Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology and Key Laboratory of Soil Microbiology, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China.
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15
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Responses of Microstructure, Ultrastructure and Antioxidant Enzyme Activity to PEG-Induced Drought Stress in Cyclocarya paliurus Seedlings. FORESTS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/f13060836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Drought is one of the most important abiotic constraints on agricultural productivity, while global warming leads to the occurrence of more frequent drought events. Cyclocarya paliurus is a multiple-function tree species with medicinal value and timber production, but no information is available on its drought tolerance. In this hydroponic experiment, variations in leaf anatomical morphology, chloroplast ultrastructure, stomatal characteristics, and antioxidant enzyme activities were investigated under six levels of polyethylene glycol 6000 (PEG)-induced drought treatments to assess the drought adaption and physiological response of C. paliurus seedlings. The results showed that PEG-induced drought treatments reduced leaf epidermis, spongy tissue, leaf vein diameter, and spongy ratio, whereas the ratio of palisade tissue to spongy tissue, cell tense ratio, and vein protuberant degree all increased with enhancing the PEG6000 concentrations. Significant differences in stomatal width, stomatal aperture, and stomatal density existed among the treatments (p < 0.01). The stomatal aperture decreased significantly with the increase in PEG6000 concentrations, whereas the greatest stomatal density was observed in the 15% PEG6000 treatment. Compared with the control, higher drought stresses (20% and 25% PEG concentrations) caused damage at the cellular level and chloroplast lysis occurred. PEG6000 treatments also promoted the activities of SOD, POD, and CAT in C. paliurus seedlings, but this increase was insufficient to deal with the membrane lipid peroxidative damage under the high PEG concentrations. Correlation analysis indicated that in most cases there were significant relationships between leaf anatomical characteristics and antioxidant enzyme activities. Our results suggested that C. paliurus seedlings would not survive well when the PEG6000 concentration was over 15% (equal to soil water potential of −0.30 MPa).
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16
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Yao B, Huang R, Zhang Z, Shi S. Seed-Borne Erwinia persicina Affects the Growth and Physiology of Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.). Front Microbiol 2022; 13:891188. [PMID: 35694312 PMCID: PMC9178255 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.891188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Seed-borne Erwinia persicina can be transmitted globally via alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) seed trade, but there is limited information about the impact of this plant-pathogenic bacterium on alfalfa plants. In this study, strain Cp2, isolated from alfalfa seeds, was confirmed by whole-genome sequencing to belong to E. persicina. Subsequently, the effects of Cp2 on alfalfa growth and physiology were evaluated by constructing a rhizosphere infection model. Strain Cp2 had a strong inhibitory effect on the elongation and growth of alfalfa roots, which was very unfavorable to these perennial plants. Furthermore, an increased number of leaf spots and yellowing symptoms were observed in plants of the Cp2 group from day 10 to day 21 and the strain Cp2 was re-isolated from these leaves. Correlation between growth and photosynthetic parameters was analyzed and the significant decreases in fresh weight and root and plant lengths in the Cp2 group were related to the marked reduction of chlorophyll b, carotenoid, transpiration rate, and stomatal conductance of leaves (r > 0.75). In addition, nine physiological indicators of root, stem, and leaf were measured in the plants 21 days after treatment with Cp2. The physiological response of root and leaf to Cp2 treatment was stronger than that of stem. The physiological indicators with the greatest response to Cp2 infection were further explored through principal component analysis, and superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, ascorbate peroxidase, and soluble protein showed the greatest changes in roots, stems, and leaves (P < 0.001). Among tissues, the commonality was the change of soluble protein. Therefore, soluble protein is speculated to be a physiological marker during alfalfa–E. persicina interactions. These findings indicate that once E. persicina spreads from alfalfa seeds to the rhizosphere, it can invade alfalfa roots and cause disease. This study demonstrates that this plant pathogenic bacterium may be a potential threat to new environment when they spread via seed trade and these “dangerous hitchhikers” warrant further attention, especially in the study of bacterial diseases in pasture-based production systems.
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17
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Liao H, Wen X, Deng X, Wu Y, Xu J, Li X, Zhou S, Li X, Zhu C, Luo F, Ma Y, Zheng J. Integrated proteomic and metabolomic analyses reveal significant changes in chloroplasts and mitochondria of pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) during Sclerotium rolfsii infection. J Microbiol 2022; 60:511-525. [DOI: 10.1007/s12275-022-1603-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Revised: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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18
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Proteomic Investigation of Molecular Mechanisms in Response to PEG-Induced Drought Stress in Soybean Roots. PLANTS 2022; 11:plants11091173. [PMID: 35567174 PMCID: PMC9100407 DOI: 10.3390/plants11091173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Revised: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Roots are generally the critical drought sensors, but little is known about their molecular response to drought stress. We used the drought-tolerant soybean variety ‘Jiyu 47’ to investigate the differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) in soybean roots during the seedling stage based on the tandem mass tag (TMT) proteomics analysis. Various expression patterns were observed in a total of six physiological parameters. A total of 468 DEPs (144 up-regulated and 324 down-regulated) among a total of 8687 proteins were identified in response to drought stress in 24 h. The expression of DEPs was further validated based on quantitative real-time PCR of a total of five genes (i.e., GmGSH, GmGST1, GmGST2 k GmCAT, and Gm6PGD) involved in the glutathione biosynthesis. Results of enrichment analyses revealed a coordinated expression pattern of proteins involved in various cellular metabolisms responding to drought stress in soybean roots. Our results showed that drought stress caused significant alterations in the expression of proteins involved in several metabolic pathways in soybean roots, including carbohydrate metabolism, metabolism of the osmotic regulation substances, and antioxidant defense system (i.e., the glutathione metabolism). Increased production of reduced glutathione (GSH) enhanced the prevention of the damage caused by reactive oxygen species and the tolerance of the abiotic stress. The glutathione metabolism played a key role in modifying the antioxidant defense system in response to drought stress in soybean roots. Our proteomic study suggested that the soybean plants responded to drought stress by coordinating their protein expression during the vegetative stage, providing novel insights into the molecular mechanisms regulating the response to abiotic stress in plants.
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Comprehensive Analysis of Carotenoid Cleavage Dioxygenases Gene Family and Its Expression in Response to Abiotic Stress in Poplar. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23031418. [PMID: 35163346 PMCID: PMC8836127 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Revised: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Carotenoid cleavage dioxygenases (CCDs) catalyzes the cleavage of various carotenoids into smaller apocarotenoids which are essential for plant growth and development and response to abiotic stresses. CCD family is divided into two subfamilies: 9-cis epoxycarotenoid dioxygenases (NCED) family and CCD family. A better knowledge of carotenoid biosynthesis and degradation could be useful for regulating carotenoid contents. Here, 23 CCD genes were identified from the Populus trichocarpa genome, and their characterizations and expression profiling were validated. The PtCCD members were divided into PtCCD and PtNCED subfamilies. The PtCCD family contained the PtCCD1, 4, 7, and 8 classes. The PtCCDs clustered in the same clade shared similar intron/exon structures and motif compositions and distributions. In addition, the tandem and segmental duplications resulted in the PtCCD gene expansion based on the collinearity analysis. An additional integrated collinearity analysis among poplar, Arabidopsis, rice, and willow revealed the gene pairs between poplar and willow more than that between poplar and rice. Identifying tissue-special expression patterns indicated that PtCCD genes display different expression patterns in leaves, stems, and roots. Abscisic acid (ABA) treatment and abiotic stress suggested that many PtCCD genes are responsive to osmotic stress regarding the comprehensive regulation networks. The genome-wide identification of PtCCD genes may provide the foundation for further exploring the putative regulation mechanism on osmotic stress and benefit poplar molecular breeding.
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Ling L, An Y, Wang D, Tang L, Du B, Shu Y, Bai Y, Guo C. Proteomic analysis reveals responsive mechanisms for saline-alkali stress in alfalfa. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2022; 170:146-159. [PMID: 34891071 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2021.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Revised: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Saline-alkali stress is a major abiotic stress that limits plant growth, yield, and geographical distribution. Alfalfa is a perennial legume with the largest planting area in the world because of its high protein content, good palatability, and long utilization life. However, saline-alkali stress seriously affects alfalfa yield and quality. To better understand the saline-alkali stress response mechanisms of alfalfa, an isobaric tags proteomics method was used to compare and analyse alfalfa under saline-alkali stress for 0, 1, and 7 days, and 126 (1 vs. 0 days) and 1869 (7 vs. 0 days) differentially abundant proteins (DAPs) were found. Through integrative analysis with differentially expressed genes (DEGs), we found correlated DEGs-DAPs of RNA and protein with similar expression trends at the mRNA and protein levels; these were mainly involved in ABA and Ca2+ signal pathways, regulation of photosynthesis, ROS scavenging, secondary metabolism, and transcription factors (TFs) related to saline-alkali stress. Some genes not exhibiting such trends may have been regulated post-transcriptionally. Furthermore, through transgenic experiments, MsFTL was found to significantly improve the saline-alkali tolerance of plants. Overall, our findings provide important clues for understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying the response of alfalfa to saline-alkali stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Ling
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Cytogenetics and Genetic Breeding of Heilongjiang Province, College of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Normal University, No. 1 of Shida Road, Limin Development, China
| | - Yimin An
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Cytogenetics and Genetic Breeding of Heilongjiang Province, College of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Normal University, No. 1 of Shida Road, Limin Development, China
| | - Dan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Cytogenetics and Genetic Breeding of Heilongjiang Province, College of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Normal University, No. 1 of Shida Road, Limin Development, China
| | - Lu Tang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Cytogenetics and Genetic Breeding of Heilongjiang Province, College of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Normal University, No. 1 of Shida Road, Limin Development, China
| | - Binghao Du
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Cytogenetics and Genetic Breeding of Heilongjiang Province, College of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Normal University, No. 1 of Shida Road, Limin Development, China
| | - Yongjun Shu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Cytogenetics and Genetic Breeding of Heilongjiang Province, College of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Normal University, No. 1 of Shida Road, Limin Development, China
| | - Yan Bai
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Cytogenetics and Genetic Breeding of Heilongjiang Province, College of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Normal University, No. 1 of Shida Road, Limin Development, China
| | - Changhong Guo
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Cytogenetics and Genetic Breeding of Heilongjiang Province, College of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Normal University, No. 1 of Shida Road, Limin Development, China.
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Yang M, Duan X, Wang Z, Yin H, Zang J, Zhu K, Wang Y, Zhang P. Overexpression of a Voltage-Dependent Anion-Selective Channel (VDAC) Protein-Encoding Gene, MsVDAC, from Medicago sativa Confers Cold and Drought Tolerance to Transgenic Tobacco. Genes (Basel) 2021; 12:1706. [PMID: 34828312 PMCID: PMC8617925 DOI: 10.3390/genes12111706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Revised: 10/23/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Voltage-dependent anion channels (VDACs) are highly conserved proteins that are involved in the translocation of tRNA and play a key role in modulating plant senescence and multiple pathways. However, the functions of VDACs in plants are still poorly understood. Here, a novel VDAC gene was isolated and identified from alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.). MsVDAC localized to the mitochondria, and its expression was highest in alfalfa roots and was induced in response to cold, drought and salt treatment. Overexpression of MsVDAC in tobacco significantly increased MDA, GSH, soluble sugars, soluble protein and proline contents under cold and drought stress. However, the activities of SOD and POD decreased in transgenic tobacco under cold stress, while the O2- content increased. Stress-responsive genes including LTP1, ERD10B and Hxk3 were upregulated in the transgenic plants under cold and drought stress. However, GAPC, CBL1, BI-1, Cu/ZnSOD and MnSOD were upregulated only in the transgenic tobacco plants under cold stress, and GAPC, CBL1, and BI-1 were downregulated under drought stress. These results suggest that MsVDAC provides cold tolerance by regulating ROS scavenging, osmotic homeostasis and stress-responsive gene expression in plants, but the improved drought tolerance via MsVDAC may be mainly due to osmotic homeostasis and stress-responsive genes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Pan Zhang
- Department of Grassland Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; (M.Y.); (X.D.); (Z.W.); (H.Y.); (J.Z.); (K.Z.); (Y.W.)
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Mehari TG, Xu Y, Umer MJ, Shiraku ML, Hou Y, Wang Y, Yu S, Zhang X, Wang K, Cai X, Zhou Z, Liu F. Multi-Omics-Based Identification and Functional Characterization of Gh_A06G1257 Proves Its Potential Role in Drought Stress Tolerance in Gossypium hirsutum. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:746771. [PMID: 34745180 PMCID: PMC8567990 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.746771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Cotton is one of the most important fiber crops globally. Despite this, various abiotic stresses, including drought, cause yield losses. We used transcriptome profiles to investigate the co-expression patterns of gene networks associated with drought stress tolerance. We identified three gene modules containing 3,567 genes highly associated with drought stress tolerance. Within these modules, we identified 13 hub genes based on intramodular significance, for further validation. The yellow module has five hub genes (Gh_A07G0563, Gh_D05G0221, Gh_A05G3716, Gh_D12G1438, and Gh_D05G0697), the brown module contains three hub genes belonging to the aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) gene family (Gh_A06G1257, Gh_A06G1256, and Gh_D06G1578), and the pink module has five hub genes (Gh_A02G1616, Gh_D12G2599, Gh_D07G2232, Gh_A02G0527, and Gh_D07G0629). Based on RT-qPCR results, the Gh_A06G1257 gene has the highest expression under drought stress in different plant tissues and it might be the true candidate gene linked to drought stress tolerance in cotton. Silencing of Gh_A06G1257 in cotton leaves conferred significant sensitivity in response to drought stress treatments. Overexpression of Gh_A06G1257 in Arabidopsis also confirms its role in drought stress tolerance. L-valine, Glutaric acid, L-proline, L-Glutamic acid, and L-Tryptophan were found to be the most significant metabolites playing roles in drought stress tolerance. These findings add significantly to existing knowledge of drought stress tolerance mechanisms in cotton.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teame Gereziher Mehari
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Cotton Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, China
| | - Yanchao Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Cotton Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, China
| | - Muhammad Jawad Umer
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Cotton Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, China
| | - Margaret Linyerera Shiraku
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Cotton Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, China
| | - Yuqing Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Cotton Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, China
| | - Yuhong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Cotton Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, China
| | - Shuxun Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Cotton Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, China
| | - Xianlong Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Kunbo Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Cotton Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, China
| | - Xiaoyan Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Cotton Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, China
| | - Zhongli Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Cotton Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, China
| | - Fang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Cotton Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, China
- School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
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Haddoudi L, Hdira S, Hanana M, Romero I, Haddoudi I, Mahjoub A, Ben Jouira H, Djébali N, Ludidi N, Sanchez-Ballesta MT, Abdelly C, Badri M. Evaluation of the Morpho-Physiological, Biochemical and Molecular Responses of Contrasting Medicago truncatula Lines under Water Deficit Stress. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 10:2114. [PMID: 34685923 PMCID: PMC8537959 DOI: 10.3390/plants10102114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Revised: 08/29/2021] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Medicago truncatula is a forage crop of choice for farmers, and it is a model species for molecular research. The growth and development and subsequent yields are limited by water availability mainly in arid and semi-arid regions. Our study aims to evaluate the morpho-physiological, biochemical and molecular responses to water deficit stress in four lines (TN6.18, JA17, TN1.11 and A10) of M. truncatula. The results showed that the treatment factor explained the majority of the variation for the measured traits. It appeared that the line A10 was the most sensitive and therefore adversely affected by water deficit stress, which reduced its growth and yield parameters, whereas the tolerant line TN6.18 exhibited the highest root biomass production, a significantly higher increase in its total protein and soluble sugar contents, and lower levels of lipid peroxidation with greater cell membrane integrity. The expression analysis of the DREB1B gene using RT-qPCR revealed a tissue-differential expression in the four lines under osmotic stress, with a higher induction rate in roots of TN6.18 and JA17 than in A10 roots, suggesting a key role for DREB1B in water deficit tolerance in M. truncatula.
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Affiliation(s)
- Loua Haddoudi
- Centre of Biotechnology of Borj Cedria, Laboratory of Extremophile Plants, B.P. 901, Hammam-Lif 2050, Tunisia; (L.H.); (S.H.); (M.H.); (A.M.); (H.B.J.); (C.A.)
- Faculty of Mathematical, Physical and Natural Sciences of Tunis, Campus Universitaire El-Manar, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis 2092, Tunisia
| | - Sabrine Hdira
- Centre of Biotechnology of Borj Cedria, Laboratory of Extremophile Plants, B.P. 901, Hammam-Lif 2050, Tunisia; (L.H.); (S.H.); (M.H.); (A.M.); (H.B.J.); (C.A.)
- Faculty of Mathematical, Physical and Natural Sciences of Tunis, Campus Universitaire El-Manar, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis 2092, Tunisia
| | - Mohsen Hanana
- Centre of Biotechnology of Borj Cedria, Laboratory of Extremophile Plants, B.P. 901, Hammam-Lif 2050, Tunisia; (L.H.); (S.H.); (M.H.); (A.M.); (H.B.J.); (C.A.)
| | - Irene Romero
- Laboratory of Biotechnology and Postharvest Quality, Institute of Food Science, Technology and Nutrition (ICTAN-CSIC), Jose Antonio Novais, 10, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (I.R.); (M.T.S.-B.)
| | - Imen Haddoudi
- Department of Ecosystem Biology, University of South Bohemia, Branisovska 1760, 370 05 Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic;
| | - Asma Mahjoub
- Centre of Biotechnology of Borj Cedria, Laboratory of Extremophile Plants, B.P. 901, Hammam-Lif 2050, Tunisia; (L.H.); (S.H.); (M.H.); (A.M.); (H.B.J.); (C.A.)
| | - Hatem Ben Jouira
- Centre of Biotechnology of Borj Cedria, Laboratory of Extremophile Plants, B.P. 901, Hammam-Lif 2050, Tunisia; (L.H.); (S.H.); (M.H.); (A.M.); (H.B.J.); (C.A.)
| | - Naceur Djébali
- Centre of Biotechnology of Borj Cedria, Laboratory of Bioactive Substances, B.P. 901, Hammam-Lif 2050, Tunisia;
| | - Ndiko Ludidi
- Plant Biotechnology Research Group, Department of Biotechnology, University of the Western Cape, Robert Sobukwe Road, Bellville 7530, South Africa;
- DSI-NRF Centre of Excellence in Food Security, University of the Western Cape, Robert Sobukwe Road, Bellville 7530, South Africa
| | - Maria Teresa Sanchez-Ballesta
- Laboratory of Biotechnology and Postharvest Quality, Institute of Food Science, Technology and Nutrition (ICTAN-CSIC), Jose Antonio Novais, 10, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (I.R.); (M.T.S.-B.)
| | - Chedly Abdelly
- Centre of Biotechnology of Borj Cedria, Laboratory of Extremophile Plants, B.P. 901, Hammam-Lif 2050, Tunisia; (L.H.); (S.H.); (M.H.); (A.M.); (H.B.J.); (C.A.)
| | - Mounawer Badri
- Centre of Biotechnology of Borj Cedria, Laboratory of Extremophile Plants, B.P. 901, Hammam-Lif 2050, Tunisia; (L.H.); (S.H.); (M.H.); (A.M.); (H.B.J.); (C.A.)
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24
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Morales J, Araujo-Sanchez J, Castro-Concha L, Ku A, Pereira-Santana A, Miranda-Ham MDL, Castaño E. Defining Color Change in Pitaya: A Close Look at Betacyanin Synthesis Genes in Stenocereus queretaroensis. FRONTIERS IN SUSTAINABLE FOOD SYSTEMS 2021. [DOI: 10.3389/fsufs.2021.698195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Betalains are tyrosine-derived plant pigments present in several species of the Caryophyllales order. Betalains are classified in red betacyanins and yellow betaxanthins and are implicated in plant stress tolerance and visual attraction for pollinators. The compounds are used as natural colorants in many industries. Today, there is little information on betalain biosynthesis with several key enzymes that remain unknown on plants of the Caryophyllales order. Omic tools have proven to be very useful in gaining insights into various molecular mechanisms. In this study, we used suspension cells from fruits of the cactus Stenocereus queretaroensis. Two growing conditions were used to perform RNA-seq and differential expression analysis to help identify betalain biosynthesis-related genes. We found 98 differential expressed genes related to aromatic amino acids and betalain biosynthesis pathways. Interestingly, we found that only one gene of the betalain synthesis pathway was differentially expressed. The rest of the genes belong to the aromatic amino acid pathway, including hydroxy phenylpyruvate-related genes, suggesting the possibility of an alternative biosynthetic pathway similar to that observed in legumes.
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Wang Q, Zhang Y, Hu H, Hu J, Xiang M, Yang Q. Comparative proteomics analysis of the responses to selenium in selenium-enriched alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) leaves. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2021; 165:265-273. [PMID: 34087704 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2021.04.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The mass of leaves and the chlorophyll and selenium content of alfalfa can be increased by the foliar spraying of selenite. To better understand the relationship between changes in the expression of specific proteins and the various metabolic and regulatory pathways affected by selenium treatment, labeling with Tandem Mass Tags (TMT) was used as a proteomics technique to compare control leaves with those enriched with Se. A total of 8,411 proteins were identified, the expression levels of 195 of which were significantly modified, 67 significantly up-regulated and 128 significantly down-regulated. Using gene functional classification and metabolic pathway annotation, selenium treatment was found to have a significant impact on metabolic processes. The energy and substances produced by the metabolic processes of a variety of carbohydrates, lipids, and amino acids, and the metabolism of carbon may be responsible for increasing the yield of alfalfa leaves. Administration of selenium substantially influenced Se-responsive proteins, including ABC transporter G family member 36, Probable glutathione S-transferase and cysteine tRNA ligase. Selenium treatment may also enhance photosynthesis and the defense response of cells. Furthermore, protein ubiquitination also played an important role in the selenium response of alfalfa leaves. In summary, a basic analysis of the selenium response pathway in alfalfa leaves at the proteomics level was conducted, which may assist in a more detailed elucidation of selenium enrichment in alfalfa in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingdong Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, China; Key Laboratory of Forage Nutrition Regulation and Innovative Utilization of Zhengzhou, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450046, China; Henan Grass and Animal Engineering Technology Research Center, Zhengzhou, Henan 450046, China
| | - Yaru Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, China; Key Laboratory of Forage Nutrition Regulation and Innovative Utilization of Zhengzhou, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450046, China; Henan Grass and Animal Engineering Technology Research Center, Zhengzhou, Henan 450046, China
| | - Huafeng Hu
- Henan University of Animal Husbandry and Economy, Zhengzhou, Hennan, 450046, China; Key Laboratory of Forage Nutrition Regulation and Innovative Utilization of Zhengzhou, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450046, China; Henan Grass and Animal Engineering Technology Research Center, Zhengzhou, Henan 450046, China.
| | - Jinke Hu
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, China; Key Laboratory of Forage Nutrition Regulation and Innovative Utilization of Zhengzhou, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450046, China; Henan Grass and Animal Engineering Technology Research Center, Zhengzhou, Henan 450046, China
| | - Meiling Xiang
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, China; Key Laboratory of Forage Nutrition Regulation and Innovative Utilization of Zhengzhou, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450046, China; Henan Grass and Animal Engineering Technology Research Center, Zhengzhou, Henan 450046, China
| | - QiaoFeng Yang
- Henan University of Animal Husbandry and Economy, Zhengzhou, Hennan, 450046, China; Key Laboratory of Forage Nutrition Regulation and Innovative Utilization of Zhengzhou, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450046, China; Henan Grass and Animal Engineering Technology Research Center, Zhengzhou, Henan 450046, China
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Complex Analysis of Antioxidant Activity, Abscisic Acid Level, and Accumulation of Osmotica in Apple and Cherry In Vitro Cultures under Osmotic Stress. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22157922. [PMID: 34360688 PMCID: PMC8347229 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22157922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Revised: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Plant response to osmotic stress is a complex issue and includes a wide range of physiological and biochemical processes. Extensive studies of known cultivars and their reaction to drought or salinity stress are very important for future breeding of new and tolerant cultivars. Our study focused on the antioxidant activity, accumulations of osmotica, and the content of abscisic acid in apple (cv. “Malinové holovouské”, “Fragrance”, “Rubinstep”, “Idared”, “Car Alexander”) and cherry (cv. “Regina”, “Napoleonova”, “Kaštánka”, “Sunburst”, “P-HL-C”) cultivated in vitro on media containing different levels of polyethylene glycol PEG-6000. Our results indicated that the studied genotypes responded differently to osmotic stress manifested as reduction in the leaf relative water content (RWC) and increment in the activities of antioxidant enzymes, proline, sugars, and abscisic acid content. Overall, cherry cultivars showed a smaller decrease in percentage RWC and enzymatic activities, but enhanced proline content compared to the apple plants cultivars. Cultivars “Rubinstep”, “Napoleonova”, and “Kaštánka” exhibited higher antioxidant capacity and accumulation of osmoprotectants like proline and sorbitol that can be associated with the drought-tolerance system.
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Liang W, Chen Y, Li X, Guo F, Sun J, Zhang X, Xu B, Gao W. Label-Free Proteomic Analysis of Smoke-Drying and Shade-Drying Processes of Postharvest Rhubarb: A Comparative Study. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:663180. [PMID: 34140961 PMCID: PMC8205111 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.663180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Postharvest processing plays a very important role in improving the quality of traditional Chinese medicine. According to previous studies, smoke-drying could significantly promote the accumulation of the bioactive components and pharmacological activities of rhubarb, but so far, the molecular mechanism has not been studied yet. In this research, to study the molecular mechanisms of postharvest processing for rhubarb during shade-drying and smoke-drying, label-free proteomic analyses were conducted. In total, 1,927 differentially abundant proteins (DAPs) were identified from rhubarb samples treated by different drying methods. These DAPs were mainly involved in response and defense, signal transduction, starch, carbohydrate and energy metabolism, and anthraquinone and phenolic acid biosynthesis. Smoke-drying significantly enhanced the expression of proteins involved in these metabolic pathways. Accordingly, the molecular mechanism of the accumulation of effective ingredients of rhubarb was clarified, which provided a novel insight into the biosynthesis of active ingredients that occur during the rhubarb dry process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Liang
- Gansu Provincial Key Lab of Arid Land Crop Science, College of Agronomy, College of Life Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yuan Chen
- Gansu Provincial Key Lab of Arid Land Crop Science, College of Agronomy, College of Life Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xia Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Fengxia Guo
- Gansu Provincial Key Lab of Arid Land Crop Science, College of Agronomy, College of Life Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Jiachen Sun
- School of Biotechnology and Food Science, Tianjin University of Commerce, Tianjin, China
| | - Xuemin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine Resources Research Enterprises, Tianjin, China
| | - Bo Xu
- Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine Resources Research Enterprises, Tianjin, China
| | - Wenyuan Gao
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
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Fujita K, Inui H. Review: Biological functions of major latex-like proteins in plants. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2021; 306:110856. [PMID: 33775363 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2021.110856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2020] [Revised: 01/20/2021] [Accepted: 02/14/2021] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Major latex-like proteins (MLPs) have been identified in dicots and monocots. They are members of the birch pollen allergen Bet v 1 family as well as pathogenesis-related proteins class 10. MLPs have two main features. One is binding affinity toward various hydrophobic compounds, such as long-chain fatty acids, steroids, and systemic acquired resistance signals, via its internal hydrophobic cavity or hydrophobic residues on its surface. MLPs transport such compounds to other organs via phloem and xylem vessels and contribute to the expression of physiologically important ligands' activity in the particular organs. The second feature is responses to abiotic and biotic stresses. MLPs are involved in drought and salt tolerance through the mediation of plant hormone signaling pathways. MLPs generate resistance against pathogens by the induction of pathogenesis-related protein genes. Therefore, MLPs play crucial roles in drought and salt tolerance and resistance against pathogens. However, knowledge of MLPs is fragmented, and an overview of them is needed. Herein, we summarize the current knowledge of the biological functions of MLPs, which to our knowledge, is the first review about MLPs that has been reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kentaro Fujita
- Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodaicho, Nada-ku, Kobe, Hyogo 657-8501, Japan.
| | - Hideyuki Inui
- Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodaicho, Nada-ku, Kobe, Hyogo 657-8501, Japan; Biosignal Research Center, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodaicho, Nada-ku, Kobe, Hyogo 657-8501, Japan.
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29
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Cheng H, Wu B, Wang S, Wei M, Wang C. Nitrogen application and osmotic stress antagonistically affect wheat seed germination and seedling growth. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOREMEDIATION 2021; 23:1289-1300. [PMID: 33689505 DOI: 10.1080/15226514.2021.1895715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Atmospheric nitrogen (N) deposition (AtNiDe) and drought stress (DS) have strongly affected plant growth. However, previous research has primarily focused on the effects of AtNiDe with various levels and DS on plant growth (especially seed germination and seedling growth). This study aimed to evaluate the single and combined effects of AtNiDe with four types (compounds: NH4-N, NO3-N, CO(NH2)2-N, and a mixture of the three types of N) and DS (three levels: control, low, and high) on wheat seed germination and seedling growth. The AtNiDe treatment increased wheat seed germination and seedling growth. Mixed N exerted a greater positive effect on wheat seed germination and seedling growth than single N forms. Organic N also had a greater positive effect on wheat seed germination and seedling growth than reduced inorganic N. The DS treatment decreased wheat seed germination and seedling growth. The AtNiDe treatment alleviated the adverse effects of DS on wheat seed germination and seedling growth. Mixed N had the greatest effect on alleviating the adverse effects of DS on wheat seed germination and seedling growth. Thus, AtNiDe and DS antagonistically affected wheat seed germination and seedling growth. NOVELTY STATEMENT This study assessed the single and combined effects of atmospheric nitrogen deposition with four types and drought stress at three levels on wheat seed germination and seedling growth. Generally, nitrogen and drought antagonistically affected wheat seed germination and seedling growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiyuan Cheng
- Institute of Environment and Ecology and School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Bingde Wu
- Institute of Environment and Ecology and School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Zhaotong University, Zhaotong, China
| | - Shu Wang
- Institute of Environment and Ecology and School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Mei Wei
- Institute of Environment and Ecology and School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Congyan Wang
- Institute of Environment and Ecology and School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
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Alleviative effects of nitric oxide on Vigna radiata seedlings under acidic rain stress. Mol Biol Rep 2021; 48:2243-2251. [PMID: 33689094 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-021-06244-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2020] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Although nitric oxide (NO) is a key regulatory molecule in plants, its function in plants under conditions of simulated acid rain (SAR) has not been fully established yet. In this study, exogenous sodium nitroprusside (SNP) at three different concentrations were applied to mung bean seedlings. Malondialdehyde (MDA), NO, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), antioxidant enzyme activities, and nitrate reductases (NR) were measured. Real time PCR was used to measure the NR expression. Compared to the control, the NR activity and NO content under the pH 2 SAR decreased by 79% and 85.6% respectively. Meanwhile, the SAR treatment reduced the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), while increased MDA content. Application of SNP could potentially reverse the adverse impact of SAR, depending on its concentration. For plants under the pH 2 SAR and 0.25 mM SNP condition, the activities of SOD, POD, APX increased by 123%, 291%, and 135.7% respectively, meanwhile, MDA concentration decreased by 43%, NR activities increased by 269%, and NO concentration increased by 123.6% compared with plants undergoing only pH 2 SAR. The relative expression of the NR1 gene was 2.69 times higher than that of pH 2 SAR alone. Overall, the application of 0.25 mM SNP eliminated reactive oxygen species (ROS) by stimulating antioxidant enzyme activities, reducing oxidative stress and mitigating the toxic effects of SAR on mung bean seedlings. This research provides a foundation for further research on the mechanism of NO on plants under SAR conditions.
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Yakhlef M, Giangrieco I, Ciardiello MA, Fiume I, Mari A, Souiki L, Pocsfalvi G. Potential allergenicity of Medicago sativa investigated by a combined IgE-binding inhibition, proteomics and in silico approach. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2021; 101:1182-1192. [PMID: 32790067 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.10730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Revised: 07/23/2020] [Accepted: 08/13/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L) is one of the most planted crops worldwide primarily used to feed animals. The use of alfalfa in human diet as sprouts, infusions and nutritional supplements is rapidly gaining popularity. Despite this, allergenicity assessment of this novel plant food is largely lacking. RESULTS Here, leaf protein extract of alfalfa was studied using a combined proteomics, Immunoglobulin E (IgE)-binding inhibition assay and in silico approach to find potential allergens. We have identified and annotated 129 proteins using in-gel digestion proteomics and Blast2Go suit. A search against COMPARE database, using the identified proteins as query sequences, revealed high similarity with several allergenic proteins. The Single Point Highest Inhibition Achievable assay (SPHIAa) performed on the multiplex FABER® allergy testing system confirmed the in silico results and showed some additional potential allergens. This approach allowed the detection of proteins in alfalfa leaves cross-reacting with plant allergens from three different allergen families such as lipid transfer, thaumatin-like and Bet v 1-like protein families. In addition, the absence of structural determinants cross-reacting with seed storage allergenic proteins and with animal allergens was recorded. CONCLUSION This study reports for the first time potential allergenic proteins in alfalfa. The results suggest that this plant food can be safely introduced, as a protein-rich supplement, in the diet of patients allergic to animal food allergens. Allergic patients towards certain plant food allergens need to be careful about consuming alfalfa because they might have allergic symptoms. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marwa Yakhlef
- Laboratoire de Biologie, Eau et Environnement, Department of Biology, Faculté des Sciences de la Nature et de la Vie et Sciences de la Terre et l'Univers, Université 8 Mai 1945 Guelma, Guelma, Algeria
- Institute of Biosciences and BioResources, National Research Council, Naples, Italy
| | - Ivana Giangrieco
- Institute of Biosciences and BioResources, National Research Council, Naples, Italy
- Allergy Data Laboratories (ADL), Latina, Italy
| | - Maria A Ciardiello
- Institute of Biosciences and BioResources, National Research Council, Naples, Italy
| | - Immacolata Fiume
- Institute of Biosciences and BioResources, National Research Council, Naples, Italy
| | - Adriano Mari
- Allergy Data Laboratories (ADL), Latina, Italy
- Associated Centre for Molecular Allergology, Rome, Italy
| | - Lynda Souiki
- Department of Biology, Faculté des Sciences de la Nature et de la Vie et Sciences de la Terre et l'Univers, Université 8 Mai 1945 Guelma, Guelma, Algeria
| | - Gabriella Pocsfalvi
- Institute of Biosciences and BioResources, National Research Council, Naples, Italy
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Li A, Liu A, Du X, Chen JY, Yin M, Hu HY, Shrestha N, Wu SD, Wang HQ, Dou QW, Liu ZP, Liu JQ, Yang YZ, Ren GP. A chromosome-scale genome assembly of a diploid alfalfa, the progenitor of autotetraploid alfalfa. HORTICULTURE RESEARCH 2020; 7:194. [PMID: 33328470 PMCID: PMC7705661 DOI: 10.1038/s41438-020-00417-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Revised: 08/28/2020] [Accepted: 09/04/2020] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) is one of the most important and widely cultivated forage crops. It is commonly used as a vegetable and medicinal herb because of its excellent nutritional quality and significant economic value. Based on Illumina, Nanopore and Hi-C data, we assembled a chromosome-scale assembly of Medicago sativa spp. caerulea (voucher PI464715), the direct diploid progenitor of autotetraploid alfalfa. The assembled genome comprises 793.2 Mb of genomic sequence and 47,202 annotated protein-coding genes. The contig N50 length is 3.86 Mb. This genome is almost twofold larger and contains more annotated protein-coding genes than that of its close relative, Medicago truncatula (420 Mb and 44,623 genes). The more expanded gene families compared with those in M. truncatula and the expansion of repetitive elements rather than whole-genome duplication (i.e., the two species share the ancestral Papilionoideae whole-genome duplication event) may have contributed to the large genome size of M. sativa spp. caerulea. Comparative and evolutionary analyses revealed that M. sativa spp. caerulea diverged from M. truncatula ~5.2 million years ago, and the chromosomal fissions and fusions detected between the two genomes occurred during the divergence of the two species. In addition, we identified 489 resistance (R) genes and 82 and 85 candidate genes involved in the lignin and cellulose biosynthesis pathways, respectively. The near-complete and accurate diploid alfalfa reference genome obtained herein serves as an important complement to the recently assembled autotetraploid alfalfa genome and will provide valuable genomic resources for investigating the genomic architecture of autotetraploid alfalfa as well as for improving breeding strategies in alfalfa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystems, Institute of Innovation Ecology & School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Ai Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystems, Institute of Innovation Ecology & School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xin Du
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystems, Institute of Innovation Ecology & School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Jin-Yuan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystems, Institute of Innovation Ecology & School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Mou Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystems, Institute of Innovation Ecology & School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Hong-Yin Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystems, Institute of Innovation Ecology & School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Nawal Shrestha
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystems, Institute of Innovation Ecology & School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Sheng-Dan Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystems, Institute of Innovation Ecology & School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Hai-Qing Wang
- Key Laboratory of Adaptation and Evolution of Plateau Biota, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining, China
| | - Quan-Wen Dou
- Key Laboratory of Adaptation and Evolution of Plateau Biota, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining, China
| | - Zhi-Peng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystems, Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Jian-Quan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystems, Institute of Innovation Ecology & School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resources and Eco-Environment of the Ministry of Education & State Key Lab of Hydraulics & Mountain River Engineering, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yong-Zhi Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystems, Institute of Innovation Ecology & School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China.
| | - Guang-Peng Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystems, Institute of Innovation Ecology & School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China.
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Wang S, Wei M, Cheng H, Wu B, Du D, Wang C. Indigenous plant species and invasive alien species tend to diverge functionally under heavy metal pollution and drought stress. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2020; 205:111160. [PMID: 32853864 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.111160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Revised: 08/06/2020] [Accepted: 08/10/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The functional similarity between indigenous plant species (IPS) and invasive alien species (IAS) governs the invasion process of successful IAS because IPS and coexisting IAS suffer alike or even same ecological selection pressures. The aggravated condition created by heavy metal pollution (HMP) and drought stress may generate a noticeable impact on the invasive competitiveness and invasion process of IAS possibly via the variations in the functional similarity between IPS and IAS. Consequently, it is necessary to illumine the functional similarity between IPS and IAS under HMP and drought stress to clarify the mechanisms underlying the successful invasion of IAS. This study aims to estimate the functional similarity between IPS Amaranthus tricolor L. and IAS A. retroflexus L. under the condition with the alone and combined effects of HMP with different kinds (e.g., Cu and Pb) and drought stress [simulated by polyethylene glycol-6000 (PEG) solution]. HMP notably declines A. tricolor growth but has no remarkable effect on A. retroflexus growth. A. retroflexus displays a strong competitive intensity than A. tricolor under HMP. Further, HMP makes a greater stress intensity on A. tricolor growth than A. retroflexus growth. Therefore, HMP can accelerate A. retroflexus invasion. A. retroflexus displays a poor competitive intensity under drought stress. Thus, drought stress can hinder A. retroflexus invasion. However, drought stress causes a greater stress intensity on A. tricolor growth than A. retroflexus growth. Thus, the continued drought stress may converse the adverse effects of drought stress on A. retroflexus invasion potentially. The two Amaranthus species tend to diverge functionally under the combined HMP and drought stress. Further, A. retroflexus shows a strong competitive intensity than A. tricolor under the combined HMP and drought stress. Moreover, the combined HMP and drought stress induces a greater stress intensity on A. tricolor growth than A. retroflexus growth. Thus, the combined HMP and drought stress can facilitate A. retroflexus invasion. Meanwhile, the competitiveness for sunlight acquisition and leaf photosynthetic capacity may play a key role in the successful invasion of A. retroflexus under the combined HMP and drought stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu Wang
- Institute of Environment and Ecology & School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, China
| | - Mei Wei
- Institute of Environment and Ecology & School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, China
| | - Huiyuan Cheng
- Institute of Environment and Ecology & School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, China
| | - Bingde Wu
- Institute of Environment and Ecology & School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, China
| | - Daolin Du
- Institute of Environment and Ecology & School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, China
| | - Congyan Wang
- Institute of Environment and Ecology & School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, China; State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China.
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Arshad M, Puri A, Simkovich AJ, Renaud J, Gruber MY, Marsolais F, Hannoufa A. Label-free quantitative proteomic analysis of alfalfa in response to microRNA156 under high temperature. BMC Genomics 2020; 21:758. [PMID: 33138776 PMCID: PMC7607685 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-020-07161-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Abiotic stress, including heat, is one of the major factors that affect alfalfa growth and forage yield. The small RNA, microRNA156 (miR156), regulates multiple traits in alfalfa during abiotic stress. The aim of this study was to explore the role of miR156 in regulating heat response in alfalfa at the protein level. RESULTS In this study, we compared an empty vector control and miR156 overexpressing (miR156OE) alfalfa plants after exposing them to heat stress (40 °C) for 24 h. We measured physiological parameters of control and miR156OE plants under heat stress, and collected leaf samples for protein analysis. A higher proline and antioxidant contents were detected in miR156OE plants than in controls under heat stress. Protein samples were analyzed by label-free quantification proteomics. Across all samples, a total of 1878 protein groups were detected. Under heat stress, 45 protein groups in the empty vector plants were significantly altered (P < 0.05; |log2FC| > 2). Conversely, 105 protein groups were significantly altered when miR156OE alfalfa was subjected to heat stress, of which 91 were unique to miR156OE plants. The identified protein groups unique to miR156OE plants were related to diverse functions including metabolism, photosynthesis, stress-response and plant defenses. Furthermore, we identified transcription factors in miR156OE plants, which belonged to squamosa promoter binding-like protein, MYB, ethylene responsive factors, AP2 domain, ABA response element binding factor and bZIP families of transcription factors. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest a positive role for miR156 in heat stress response in alfalfa. They reveal a miR156-regulated network of mechanisms at the protein level to modulate heat responses in alfalfa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Arshad
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 1391 Sandford Street, London, Ontario N5V 4T3 Canada
- Centre for Genomics and Systems Biology, New York University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Alpa Puri
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 1391 Sandford Street, London, Ontario N5V 4T3 Canada
- Department of Biology, University of Western Ontario, 1151 Richmond Street, London, Ontario N6A 5B7 Canada
| | - Aaron J. Simkovich
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 1391 Sandford Street, London, Ontario N5V 4T3 Canada
- Department of Biology, University of Western Ontario, 1151 Richmond Street, London, Ontario N6A 5B7 Canada
| | - Justin Renaud
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 1391 Sandford Street, London, Ontario N5V 4T3 Canada
| | - Margaret Y. Gruber
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 107 Science Place, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 0X2 Canada
| | - Frédéric Marsolais
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 1391 Sandford Street, London, Ontario N5V 4T3 Canada
- Department of Biology, University of Western Ontario, 1151 Richmond Street, London, Ontario N6A 5B7 Canada
| | - Abdelali Hannoufa
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 1391 Sandford Street, London, Ontario N5V 4T3 Canada
- Department of Biology, University of Western Ontario, 1151 Richmond Street, London, Ontario N6A 5B7 Canada
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Does N deposition mitigate the adverse impacts of drought stress on plant seed germination and seedling growth? ACTA OECOLOGICA 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.actao.2020.103650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Lee HY, Nam Y, Choi WS, Kim TW, Lee J, Sohn UD. The hepato-protective effect of eupatilin on an alcoholic liver disease model of rats. THE KOREAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY & PHARMACOLOGY : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSIOLOGICAL SOCIETY AND THE KOREAN SOCIETY OF PHARMACOLOGY 2020; 24:385-394. [PMID: 32830145 PMCID: PMC7445478 DOI: 10.4196/kjpp.2020.24.5.385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2020] [Revised: 06/17/2020] [Accepted: 06/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Eupatilin is known to possess anti-apoptotic, anti-oxidative, and anti-inflammatory properties. We report here that eupatilin has a protective effect on the ethanol-induced injury in rats. Sprague–Dawley rats were divided into 6 groups: control, vehicle, silymarin, eupatilin 10 mg/kg, eupatilin 30 mg/kg, and eupatilin 100 mg/kg. Plasma levels of aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) were analyzed to determine the extent of liver damage. Total cholesterol (TC) and triglycerides (TG) were analyzed to determine the level of liver steatosis. Malondialdehyde level, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, and glutathione (GSH) level were analyzed to determine the extent of oxidative stress. Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and interleukin (IL)-1β were quantified to verify the degree of inflammation. Based on our findings, chronic alcohol treatment significantly changed the serum indexes and liver indicators of the model rats, which were significantly improved by eupatilin treatment. Rats in the eupatilin-treatment group showed reduced levels of AST, ALT, TG, TC, TNF-α, and IL-1β, increased SOD activity and GSH levels, and improved overall physiology compared to the alcoholic liver disease model rats. H&E staining also verified the eupatilin-mediated improvement in liver injury. In conclusion, eupatilin inhibits alcohol-induced liver injury via its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hak Yeong Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Korea
| | - Yoonjin Nam
- College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Korea
| | - Won Seok Choi
- College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Korea
| | - Tae Wook Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Korea
| | - Jaehwi Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Korea
| | - Uy Dong Sohn
- College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Korea
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Chemically Functionalized Water-Soluble Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes Obstruct Vesicular/Plasmalemmal Recycling in Astrocytes Down-Stream of Calcium Ions. Cells 2020; 9:cells9071597. [PMID: 32630262 PMCID: PMC7408470 DOI: 10.3390/cells9071597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Revised: 06/24/2020] [Accepted: 06/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
We used single-walled carbon nanotubes chemically functionalized with polyethylene glycol (SWCNT-PEG) to assess the effects of this nanomaterial on astrocytic endocytosis and exocytosis. We observed that the SWCNT-PEG do not affect the adenosine triphosphate (ATP)-evoked Ca2+ elevations in astrocytes but significantly reduce the Ca2+-dependent glutamate release. There was a significant decrease in the endocytic load of the recycling dye during constitutive and ATP-evoked recycling. Furthermore, SWCNT-PEG hampered ATP-evoked exocytotic release of the loaded recycling dye. Thus, by functionally obstructing evoked vesicular recycling, SWCNT-PEG reduced glutamate release from astrocytes via regulated exocytosis. These effects implicate SWCNT-PEG as a modulator of Ca2+-dependent exocytosis in astrocytes downstream of Ca2+, likely at the level of vesicle fusion with/pinching off the plasma membrane.
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Hrbáčková M, Dvořák P, Takáč T, Tichá M, Luptovčiak I, Šamajová O, Ovečka M, Šamaj J. Biotechnological Perspectives of Omics and Genetic Engineering Methods in Alfalfa. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2020; 11:592. [PMID: 32508859 PMCID: PMC7253590 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.00592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2020] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
For several decades, researchers are working to develop improved major crops with better adaptability and tolerance to environmental stresses. Forage legumes have been widely spread in the world due to their great ecological and economic values. Abiotic and biotic stresses are main factors limiting legume production, however, alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) shows relatively high level of tolerance to drought and salt stress. Efforts focused on alfalfa improvements have led to the release of cultivars with new traits of agronomic importance such as high yield, better stress tolerance or forage quality. Alfalfa has very high nutritional value due to its efficient symbiotic association with nitrogen-fixing bacteria, while deep root system can help to prevent soil water loss in dry lands. The use of modern biotechnology tools is challenging in alfalfa since full genome, unlike to its close relative barrel medic (Medicago truncatula Gaertn.), was not released yet. Identification, isolation, and improvement of genes involved in abiotic or biotic stress response significantly contributed to the progress of our understanding how crop plants cope with these environmental challenges. In this review, we provide an overview of the progress that has been made in high-throughput sequencing, characterization of genes for abiotic or biotic stress tolerance, gene editing, as well as proteomic and metabolomics techniques bearing biotechnological potential for alfalfa improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Jozef Šamaj
- Department of Cell Biology, Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Faculty of Science, Palacký University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czechia
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Zhou Y, Liu W, Li X, Sun D, Xu K, Feng C, Kue Foka IC, Ketehouli T, Gao H, Wang N, Dong Y, Wang F, Li H. Integration of sRNA, degradome, transcriptome analysis and functional investigation reveals gma-miR398c negatively regulates drought tolerance via GmCSDs and GmCCS in transgenic Arabidopsis and soybean. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2020; 20:190. [PMID: 32370790 PMCID: PMC7201782 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-020-02370-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2019] [Accepted: 03/29/2020] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Drought conditions adversely affect soybean growth, resulting in severe yield losses worldwide. Increasing experimental evidence indicates miRNAs are important post-transcriptional regulators of gene expression. However, the drought-responsive molecular mechanism underlying miRNA-mRNA interactions remains largely uncharacterized in soybean. Meanwhile, the miRNA-regulated drought response pathways based on multi-omics approaches remain elusive. RESULTS We combined sRNA, transcriptome and degradome sequencing to elucidate the complex regulatory mechanism mediating soybean drought resistance. One-thousand transcripts from 384 target genes of 365 miRNAs, which were enriched in the peroxisome, were validated by degradome-seq. An integrated analysis showed 42 miRNA-target pairs exhibited inversely related expression profiles. Among these pairs, a strong induction of gma-miR398c as a major gene negatively regulates multiple peroxisome-related genes (GmCSD1a/b, GmCSD2a/b/c and GmCCS). Meanwhile, we detected that alternative splicing of GmCSD1a/b might affect soybean drought tolerance by bypassing gma-miR398c regulation. Overexpressing gma-miR398c in Arabidopsis thaliana L. resulted in decreased percentage germination, increased leaf water loss, and reduced survival under water deficiency, which displayed sensitivity to drought during seed germination and seedling growth. Furthermore, overexpressing gma-miR398c in soybean decreased GmCSD1a/b, GmCSD2a/b/c and GmCCS expression, which weakened the ability to scavenge O2.-, resulting in increased relative electrolyte leakage and stomatal opening compared with knockout miR398c and wild-type soybean under drought conditions. CONCLUSION The study indicates that gma-miR398c negatively regulates soybean drought tolerance, and provides novel insights useful for breeding programs to improve drought resistance by CRISPR technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonggang Zhou
- College of Life Sciences, Engineering Research Center of the Chinese Ministry of Education for Bioreactor and Pharmaceutical Development, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, Jilin, China
| | - Weican Liu
- College of Life Sciences, Engineering Research Center of the Chinese Ministry of Education for Bioreactor and Pharmaceutical Development, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, Jilin, China
| | - Xiaowei Li
- College of Life Sciences, Engineering Research Center of the Chinese Ministry of Education for Bioreactor and Pharmaceutical Development, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, Jilin, China
| | - Daqian Sun
- College of Life Sciences, Engineering Research Center of the Chinese Ministry of Education for Bioreactor and Pharmaceutical Development, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, Jilin, China
| | - Keheng Xu
- College of Life Sciences, Engineering Research Center of the Chinese Ministry of Education for Bioreactor and Pharmaceutical Development, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, Jilin, China
| | - Chen Feng
- College of Life Sciences, Engineering Research Center of the Chinese Ministry of Education for Bioreactor and Pharmaceutical Development, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, Jilin, China
| | - Idrice Carther Kue Foka
- College of Life Sciences, Engineering Research Center of the Chinese Ministry of Education for Bioreactor and Pharmaceutical Development, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, Jilin, China
| | - Toi Ketehouli
- College of Life Sciences, Engineering Research Center of the Chinese Ministry of Education for Bioreactor and Pharmaceutical Development, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, Jilin, China
| | - Hongtao Gao
- College of Life Sciences, Engineering Research Center of the Chinese Ministry of Education for Bioreactor and Pharmaceutical Development, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, Jilin, China
| | - Nan Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Engineering Research Center of the Chinese Ministry of Education for Bioreactor and Pharmaceutical Development, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, Jilin, China
| | - Yuanyuan Dong
- College of Life Sciences, Engineering Research Center of the Chinese Ministry of Education for Bioreactor and Pharmaceutical Development, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, Jilin, China
| | - Fawei Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Engineering Research Center of the Chinese Ministry of Education for Bioreactor and Pharmaceutical Development, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, Jilin, China.
| | - Haiyan Li
- College of Life Sciences, Engineering Research Center of the Chinese Ministry of Education for Bioreactor and Pharmaceutical Development, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, Jilin, China.
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Maurya VK, Gupta SK, Sharma M, Majumder B, Deeba F, Pandey N, Pandey V. Proteomic changes may lead to yield alteration in maize under carbon dioxide enriched condition. 3 Biotech 2020; 10:203. [PMID: 32328402 PMCID: PMC7160224 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-020-02189-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2020] [Accepted: 04/02/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
Abstract
In the present study, the effect of elevated CO2 on growth, physiology, yield and proteome was studied on two maize (Zea mays L.) varieties grown under Free-air CO2 enrichment. Growth in high CO2 (530 ppm) did not affect either photosynthesis or pigment contents in both varieties. Reduced MDA content, antioxidant and antioxidative enzymes levels were observed in both varieties in response to high CO2. PEHM-5 accumulated more biomass than SMH-3031 under eCO2. PEHM-5 also had more seed starch and total soluble sugar than SMH-3031. However, SMH-3031 had increased number of seed per cob than PEHM-5. Interestingly, thousand seed weight was significantly increased in PEHM-5 only, while it was decreased in SMH-3031 under eCO2. We observed increased seed size in PEHM-5, while the size of the SMH-3031 seeds remained unaltered. Leaf proteomics revealed more abundance of proteins related to Calvin cycle, protein synthesis assembly and degradation, defense and redox homeostasis in PEHM-5 that contributed to better growth and yield in elevated CO2. While in SMH-3031 leaf, proteins related to Calvin cycle, defense and redox homeostasis were less abundant in elevated CO2 resulting in average growth and yield. The results showed a differential response of two maize varieties to eCO2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivek K. Maurya
- Plant Ecology and Climate Change Science Division, CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow, India
- Department of Botany, University of Lucknow, Lucknow, 226001 India
| | - Sunil K. Gupta
- Plant Ecology and Climate Change Science Division, CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow, India
| | - Marisha Sharma
- Plant Ecology and Climate Change Science Division, CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow, India
| | - Baisakhi Majumder
- Plant Ecology and Climate Change Science Division, CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow, India
| | - Farah Deeba
- Plant Ecology and Climate Change Science Division, CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow, India
| | - Nalini Pandey
- Department of Botany, University of Lucknow, Lucknow, 226001 India
| | - Vivek Pandey
- Plant Ecology and Climate Change Science Division, CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow, India
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Li LQ, Lyu CC, Li JH, Wan CY, Liu L, Xie MQ, Zuo RJ, Ni S, Liu F, Zeng FC, Lu YF, Yu LP, Huang XL, Wang XY, Lu LM. Quantitative Proteomic Analysis of Alligator Weed Leaves Reveals That Cationic Peroxidase 1 Plays Vital Roles in the Potassium Deficiency Stress Response. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21072537. [PMID: 32268484 PMCID: PMC7177825 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21072537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2020] [Revised: 04/02/2020] [Accepted: 04/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Alligator weed is reported to have a strong ability to adapt to potassium deficiency (LK) stress. Leaves are the primary organs responsible for photosynthesis of plants. However, quantitative proteomic changes in alligator weed leaves in response to LK stress are largely unknown. In this study, we investigated the physiological and proteomic changes in leaves of alligator weed under LK stress. We found that chloroplast and mesophyll cell contents in palisade tissue increased, and that the total chlorophyll content, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and net photosynthetic rate (PN) increased after 15 day of LK treatment, but the soluble protein content decreased. Quantitative proteomic analysis suggested that a total of 119 proteins were differentially abundant proteins (DAPs). KEGG analysis suggested that most represented DAPs were associated with secondary metabolism, the stress response, photosynthesis, protein synthesis, and degradation pathway. The proteomic results were verified using parallel reaction monitoring mass spectrometry (PRM–MS) analysis and quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR)assays. Additional research suggested that overexpression of cationic peroxidase 1 of alligator weed (ApCPX1) in tobacco increased LK tolerance. The seed germination rate, peroxidase (POD) activity, and K+ content increased, and the hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) content decreased in the three transgenic tobacco lines after LK stress. The number of root hairs of the transgenic line was significantly higher than that of WT, and net K efflux rates were severely decreased in the transgenic line under LK stress. These results confirmed that ApCPX1 played positive roles in low-K+ signal sensing. These results provide valuable information on the adaptive mechanisms in leaves of alligator weed under LK stress and will help identify vital functional genes to apply to the molecular breeding of LK-tolerant plants in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Qin Li
- Correspondence: (L.-Q.L.); (L.-M.L.); Tel.: +86-28-8629-0867 (L.-Q.L.); +86-28-8629-0867 (L.-M.L.)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Li-Ming Lu
- Correspondence: (L.-Q.L.); (L.-M.L.); Tel.: +86-28-8629-0867 (L.-Q.L.); +86-28-8629-0867 (L.-M.L.)
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Guo T, Wang S, Li Y, Yuan J, Xu L, Zhang T, Chao Y, Han L. Expression of a NGATHA1 Gene from Medicago truncatula Delays Flowering Time and Enhances Stress Tolerance. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21072384. [PMID: 32235619 PMCID: PMC7177866 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21072384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2020] [Revised: 03/27/2020] [Accepted: 03/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Shoot branching is one of the most variable determinants of crop yield, and the signaling pathways of plant branches have become a hot research topic. As an important transcription factor in the B3 family, NGATHA1 (NGA1), plays an important role in regulating plant lateral organ development and hormone synthesis and transport, but few studies of the role of this gene in the regulation of plant growth and stress tolerance have been reported. In this study, the NGA1 gene was isolated from Medicago truncatula (Mt) and its function was characterized. The cis-acting elements upstream of the 5′ end of MtNGA1 and the expression pattern of MtNGA1 were analyzed, and the results indicated that the gene may act as a regulator of stress resistance. A plant expression vector was constructed and transgenic Arabidopsis plants were obtained. Transgenic Arabidopsis showed delayed flowering time and reduced branching phenotypes. Genes involved in the regulation of branching and flowering were differentially expressed in transgenic plants compared with wild-type plants. Furthermore, transgenic plants demonstrated strong tolerances to salt- and mannitol-induced stresses, which may be due to the upregulated expression of NCED3 (NINE-CIS-EPOXYCAROTENOID DIOXYGENASE 3) by the MtNGA1 gene. These results provide useful information for the exploration and genetic modification use of MtNGA1 in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Guo
- College of Grassland Science, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; (T.G.); (Y.L.); (J.Y.); (L.X.); (T.Z.)
| | - Shumin Wang
- College of Agro-Grassland Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China;
| | - Yinruizhi Li
- College of Grassland Science, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; (T.G.); (Y.L.); (J.Y.); (L.X.); (T.Z.)
| | - Jianbo Yuan
- College of Grassland Science, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; (T.G.); (Y.L.); (J.Y.); (L.X.); (T.Z.)
| | - Lixin Xu
- College of Grassland Science, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; (T.G.); (Y.L.); (J.Y.); (L.X.); (T.Z.)
| | - Tiejun Zhang
- College of Grassland Science, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; (T.G.); (Y.L.); (J.Y.); (L.X.); (T.Z.)
| | - Yuehui Chao
- College of Grassland Science, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; (T.G.); (Y.L.); (J.Y.); (L.X.); (T.Z.)
- Correspondence: (Y.C.); (L.H.); Tel.: +86-10-6233-6399 (Y.C.); +86-10-6233-6399 (L.H.)
| | - Liebao Han
- College of Grassland Science, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; (T.G.); (Y.L.); (J.Y.); (L.X.); (T.Z.)
- Correspondence: (Y.C.); (L.H.); Tel.: +86-10-6233-6399 (Y.C.); +86-10-6233-6399 (L.H.)
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Li J, Essemine J, Shang C, Zhang H, Zhu X, Yu J, Chen G, Qu M, Sun D. Combined Proteomics and Metabolism Analysis Unravels Prominent Roles of Antioxidant System in the Prevention of Alfalfa ( Medicago sativa L.) against Salt Stress. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E909. [PMID: 32019165 PMCID: PMC7037825 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21030909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2019] [Revised: 01/19/2020] [Accepted: 01/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Alfalfa is the most extensively cultivated forage legume worldwide, and salinity constitutes the main environmental scourge limiting its growth and productivity. To unravel the potential molecular mechanism involved in salt tolerance in alfalfa, we accomplished a combined analysis of parallel reaction monitoring-based proteomic technique and targeted metabolism. Based on proteomic analysis, salt stress induced 226 differentially abundant proteins (DAPs). Among them, 118 DAPs related to the antioxidant system, including glutathione metabolism and oxidation-reduction pathways, were significantly up-regulated. Data are available via ProteomeXchange with identifier PXD017166. Overall, 107 determined metabolites revealed that the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle, especially the malate to oxaloacetate conversion step, was strongly stimulated by salt stress. This leads to an up-regulation by about 5 times the ratio of NADPH/NADP+, as well as about 3 to 5 times in the antioxidant enzymes activities, including those of catalase and peroxidase and proline contents. However, the expression levels of DAPs related to the Calvin-Benson-Bassham (CBB) cycle and photorespiration pathway were dramatically inhibited following salt treatment. Consistently, metabolic analysis showed that the metabolite amounts related to carbon assimilation and photorespiration decreased by about 40% after exposure to 200 mM NaCl for 14 d, leading ultimately to a reduction in net photosynthesis by around 30%. Our findings highlighted also the importance of the supplied extra reducing power, thanks to the TCA cycle, in the well-functioning of glutathione to remove and scavenge the reactive oxygen species (ROS) and mitigate subsequently the oxidative deleterious effect of salt on carbon metabolism including the CBB cycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jikai Li
- Institute of Grass Research, Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150080, China; (J.L.); (C.S.); (H.Z.)
| | - Jemaa Essemine
- CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China; (J.E.); (G.C.)
| | - Chen Shang
- Institute of Grass Research, Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150080, China; (J.L.); (C.S.); (H.Z.)
| | - Hailing Zhang
- Institute of Grass Research, Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150080, China; (J.L.); (C.S.); (H.Z.)
| | - Xiaocen Zhu
- Human Phenome Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China;
| | - Jialin Yu
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China;
| | - Genyun Chen
- CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China; (J.E.); (G.C.)
| | - Mingnan Qu
- CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China; (J.E.); (G.C.)
| | - Dequan Sun
- Institute of Grass Research, Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150080, China; (J.L.); (C.S.); (H.Z.)
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Yang Y, Dong A, Zenda T, Liu S, Liu X, Wang Y, Li J, Duan H. DIA (Data Independent Acquisition) proteomic based study on maize filling-kernel stage drought stress-responsive proteins and metabolic pathways. BIOTECHNOL BIOTEC EQ 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/13102818.2020.1827981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yatong Yang
- Department of Crop Genetics and Breeding, College of Agronomy, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, Hebei, PR China
- North China Key Laboratory for Crop Germplasm Resources of the Education Ministry, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, Hebei, PR China
| | - Anyi Dong
- Department of Crop Genetics and Breeding, College of Agronomy, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, Hebei, PR China
- North China Key Laboratory for Crop Germplasm Resources of the Education Ministry, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, Hebei, PR China
| | - Tinashe Zenda
- Department of Crop Genetics and Breeding, College of Agronomy, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, Hebei, PR China
- North China Key Laboratory for Crop Germplasm Resources of the Education Ministry, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, Hebei, PR China
| | - Songtao Liu
- Department of Crop Genetics and Breeding, College of Agronomy, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, Hebei, PR China
- North China Key Laboratory for Crop Germplasm Resources of the Education Ministry, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, Hebei, PR China
| | - Xinyue Liu
- Department of Crop Genetics and Breeding, College of Agronomy, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, Hebei, PR China
- North China Key Laboratory for Crop Germplasm Resources of the Education Ministry, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, Hebei, PR China
| | - Yafei Wang
- Department of Crop Genetics and Breeding, College of Agronomy, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, Hebei, PR China
- North China Key Laboratory for Crop Germplasm Resources of the Education Ministry, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, Hebei, PR China
| | - Jiao Li
- Department of Crop Genetics and Breeding, College of Agronomy, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, Hebei, PR China
- North China Key Laboratory for Crop Germplasm Resources of the Education Ministry, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, Hebei, PR China
| | - Huijun Duan
- Department of Crop Genetics and Breeding, College of Agronomy, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, Hebei, PR China
- North China Key Laboratory for Crop Germplasm Resources of the Education Ministry, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, Hebei, PR China
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Chen Z, Xu J, Wang F, Wang L, Xu Z. Morpho-physiological and proteomic responses to water stress in two contrasting tobacco varieties. Sci Rep 2019; 9:18523. [PMID: 31811189 PMCID: PMC6898209 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-54995-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2019] [Accepted: 11/20/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
To gain insight into the molecular mechanisms underpinning tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) tolerance to drought stress, we integrated anatomical, physiological, and proteomic analyses of drought-tolerant (Yuyan6, [Y6]) and -sensitive (Yunyan87 [Y87]) varieties. In comparison to Y87, Y6 exhibited higher water retention capability, improved photosynthetic performance, delayed leaf-senescence, stable leaf ultrastructure, a stronger antioxidant defense, and lesser ROS accumulation when subjected to water stress. Using an iTRAQ-based proteomics approach, 405 and 1,560 differentially accumulated proteins (DAPs) were identified from Y6 and Y87 plants, respectively, of which 114 were found to be present in both cultivars. A subsequent functional characterization analysis revealed that these DAPs were significantly enriched in eight biological processes, six molecular functions, and six cellular components and displayed differential expression patterns in Y6 and Y87 plants, suggesting that the response to water stress between both varieties differed at the proteomic level. Furthermore, we constructed protein coexpression networks and identified hub proteins regulating tobacco defenses to water stress. Additionally, qPCR analysis indicated that the majority of genes encoding selected proteins showed consistency between mRNA levels and their corresponding protein expression levels. Our results provide new insights into the genetic regulatory mechanisms associated with drought response in tobacco plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Chen
- College of Tobacco Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Jiayang Xu
- Agronomy and Biotechnology College, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Fazhan Wang
- College of Tobacco Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Lin Wang
- College of Tobacco Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Zicheng Xu
- College of Tobacco Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China.
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Liu S, Zenda T, Dong A, Yang Y, Liu X, Wang Y, Li J, Tao Y, Duan H. Comparative Proteomic and Morpho-Physiological Analyses of Maize Wild-Type Vp16 and Mutant vp16 Germinating Seed Responses to PEG-Induced Drought Stress. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E5586. [PMID: 31717328 PMCID: PMC6888951 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20225586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2019] [Revised: 10/31/2019] [Accepted: 11/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Drought stress is a major abiotic factor compromising plant cell physiological and molecular events, consequently limiting crop growth and productivity. Maize (Zea mays L.) is among the most drought-susceptible food crops. Therefore, understanding the mechanisms underlying drought-stress responses remains critical for crop improvement. To decipher the molecular mechanisms underpinning maize drought tolerance, here, we used a comparative morpho-physiological and proteomics analysis approach to monitor the changes in germinating seeds of two incongruent (drought-sensitive wild-type Vp16 and drought-tolerant mutant vp16) lines exposed to polyethylene-glycol-induced drought stress for seven days. Our physiological analysis showed that the tolerant line mutant vp16 exhibited better osmotic stress endurance owing to its improved reactive oxygen species scavenging competency and robust osmotic adjustment as a result of greater cell water retention and enhanced cell membrane stability. Proteomics analysis identified a total of 1200 proteins to be differentially accumulated under drought stress. These identified proteins were mainly involved in carbohydrate and energy metabolism, histone H2A-mediated epigenetic regulation, protein synthesis, signal transduction, redox homeostasis and stress-response processes; with carbon metabolism, pentose phosphate and glutathione metabolism pathways being prominent under stress conditions. Interestingly, significant congruence (R2 = 81.5%) between protein and transcript levels was observed by qRT-PCR validation experiments. Finally, we propose a hypothetical model for maize germinating-seed drought tolerance based on our key findings identified herein. Overall, our study offers insights into the overall mechanisms underpinning drought-stress tolerance and provides essential leads into further functional validation of the identified drought-responsive proteins in maize.
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Affiliation(s)
- Songtao Liu
- Department of Crop Genetics and Breeding, College of Agronomy, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China; (S.L.); (T.Z.); (A.D.); (Y.Y.); (X.L.); (Y.W.); (J.L.)
- North China Key Laboratory for Crop Germplasm Resources of the Education Ministry, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China
| | - Tinashe Zenda
- Department of Crop Genetics and Breeding, College of Agronomy, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China; (S.L.); (T.Z.); (A.D.); (Y.Y.); (X.L.); (Y.W.); (J.L.)
- North China Key Laboratory for Crop Germplasm Resources of the Education Ministry, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China
| | - Anyi Dong
- Department of Crop Genetics and Breeding, College of Agronomy, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China; (S.L.); (T.Z.); (A.D.); (Y.Y.); (X.L.); (Y.W.); (J.L.)
- North China Key Laboratory for Crop Germplasm Resources of the Education Ministry, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China
| | - Yatong Yang
- Department of Crop Genetics and Breeding, College of Agronomy, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China; (S.L.); (T.Z.); (A.D.); (Y.Y.); (X.L.); (Y.W.); (J.L.)
- North China Key Laboratory for Crop Germplasm Resources of the Education Ministry, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China
| | - Xinyue Liu
- Department of Crop Genetics and Breeding, College of Agronomy, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China; (S.L.); (T.Z.); (A.D.); (Y.Y.); (X.L.); (Y.W.); (J.L.)
- North China Key Laboratory for Crop Germplasm Resources of the Education Ministry, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China
| | - Yafei Wang
- Department of Crop Genetics and Breeding, College of Agronomy, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China; (S.L.); (T.Z.); (A.D.); (Y.Y.); (X.L.); (Y.W.); (J.L.)
- North China Key Laboratory for Crop Germplasm Resources of the Education Ministry, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China
| | - Jiao Li
- Department of Crop Genetics and Breeding, College of Agronomy, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China; (S.L.); (T.Z.); (A.D.); (Y.Y.); (X.L.); (Y.W.); (J.L.)
- North China Key Laboratory for Crop Germplasm Resources of the Education Ministry, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China
| | - Yongsheng Tao
- Department of Crop Genetics and Breeding, College of Agronomy, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China; (S.L.); (T.Z.); (A.D.); (Y.Y.); (X.L.); (Y.W.); (J.L.)
- North China Key Laboratory for Crop Germplasm Resources of the Education Ministry, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China
| | - Huijun Duan
- Department of Crop Genetics and Breeding, College of Agronomy, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China; (S.L.); (T.Z.); (A.D.); (Y.Y.); (X.L.); (Y.W.); (J.L.)
- North China Key Laboratory for Crop Germplasm Resources of the Education Ministry, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China
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Podar D, Macalik K, Réti KO, Martonos I, Török E, Carpa R, Weindorf DC, Csiszár J, Székely G. Morphological, physiological and biochemical aspects of salt tolerance of halophyte Petrosimonia triandra grown in natural habitat. PHYSIOLOGY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF PLANTS : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2019; 25:1335-1347. [PMID: 31736538 PMCID: PMC6825091 DOI: 10.1007/s12298-019-00697-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2019] [Revised: 07/03/2019] [Accepted: 07/30/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Salt tolerance mechanisms of halophyte Petrosimonia triandra, growing in its natural habitat in Cluj County, Romania, were investigated via biomass, growth parameters, water status, ion content, photosynthetic and antioxidative system efficiency, proline accumulation and lipid degradation. Two sampling sites with different soil electrical conductivities were selected: site 1: 3.14 dS m-1 and site 2: 4.45 dS m-1. Higher salinity proved to have a positive effect on growth. The relative water content did not decline severely, Na+ and K+ content of the roots, stem and leaves was more, and the functions of the photosynthetic apparatus and photosynthetic pigment contents were not altered. The efficiency of the antioxidative defence system was found to be assured by coordination of several reactive oxygen species scavengers. The presence of higher salinity led to accumulation of the osmolyte proline, while degradation of membrane lipids was reduced. As a whole, P. triandra evolved different adaptational strategies to counteract soil salinity, including morphological and physiological adaptations, preservation of photosynthetic activity, development of an efficient antioxidative system and accumulation of the osmotic compound, proline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorina Podar
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology and Geology, Babeş-Bolyai University, 1 Kogălniceanu St., 400084 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Centre of Systemic Biology, Biodiversity and Bioresources, Babeş-Bolyai University, 5-7 Clinicilor St., Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Kunigunda Macalik
- Hungarian Department of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Biology and Geology, Babeş-Bolyai University, 5-7 Clinicilor St., 400006 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Kinga-Olga Réti
- Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Babeş-Bolyai University, 30 Fântânele St., 400294 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Ildikó Martonos
- Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Babeş-Bolyai University, 30 Fântânele St., 400294 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Edina Török
- MTA ÖK Lendület Landscape and Conservation Ecology Research Group, MTA Centre for Ecological Research, 2-4 Alkotmány St., Vácrátót, 2163 Hungary
| | - Rahela Carpa
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology and Geology, Babeş-Bolyai University, 1 Kogălniceanu St., 400084 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - David C. Weindorf
- Department of Plant and Soil Science, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX USA
| | - Jolán Csiszár
- Department of Plant Biology, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, 52 Közép fasor St., Szeged, 6726 Hungary
| | - Gyöngyi Székely
- Hungarian Department of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Biology and Geology, Babeş-Bolyai University, 5-7 Clinicilor St., 400006 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Centre of Systemic Biology, Biodiversity and Bioresources, Babeş-Bolyai University, 5-7 Clinicilor St., Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Institute for Research-Development-Innovation in Applied Natural Sciences, Babeş-Bolyai University, 30 Fântânele St., 400294 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
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Gao L, Liu Y, Wang X, Li Y, Han R. Lower levels of UV-B light trigger the adaptive responses by inducing plant antioxidant metabolism and flavonoid biosynthesis in Medicago sativa seedlings. FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY : FPB 2019; 46:896-906. [PMID: 31196381 DOI: 10.1071/fp19007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2019] [Accepted: 05/21/2019] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Ultraviolet-B (UV-B) light, as an intrinsic part of sunlight, has more significant effects on plant growth and photomorphogenesis than other organisms due to plant's sessile growth pattern. In our studies, we have observed that alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) seedlings are very sensitive to UV-B performance. Seedlings have grown better at lower levels of UV-B light (UV-B irradiation dosage <17.35 μW cm-2 day-1), and have higher UV-resistance. However, the higher levels of UV-B light (UV-B irradiation dosage >17.35 μW cm-2 day-1) has caused severe stress injuries to alfalfa seedlings, and seriously inhibited its growth and development. Chlorophyll biosynthesis and chlorophyll fluorescence have been suppressed under all different dosage of UV-B light conditions. Plant antioxidant enzymes were induced by lower levels of UV-B, but greatly inhibited under higher levels of UV-B light. The contents of flavonoid compounds significantly increased under UV-B light compared with controls, and that was more significant under lower levels of UV-B than higher levels of UV-B. Therefore, we have assumed that the significant induction of plant antioxidant capacity and flavonoid excessive accumulation play a central role in alfalfa UV-B tolerance to lower levels of UV-B irradiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Limei Gao
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Shanxi Normal University, Linfen 041000, China; and Cell Biology Laboratory, College of Life Science, Shanxi Normal University, Linfen 041000, China; and Corresponding author.
| | - Ying Liu
- Cell Biology Laboratory, College of Life Science, Shanxi Normal University, Linfen 041000, China
| | - Xiaofei Wang
- Cell Biology Laboratory, College of Life Science, Shanxi Normal University, Linfen 041000, China
| | - Yongfeng Li
- Cell Biology Laboratory, College of Life Science, Shanxi Normal University, Linfen 041000, China; and Analysis and Testing Center, Shanxi Normal University, Linfen 041000, China
| | - Rong Han
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Shanxi Normal University, Linfen 041000, China; and Cell Biology Laboratory, College of Life Science, Shanxi Normal University, Linfen 041000, China
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Wang X, Zenda T, Liu S, Liu G, Jin H, Dai L, Dong A, Yang Y, Duan H. Comparative Proteomics and Physiological Analyses Reveal Important Maize Filling-Kernel Drought-Responsive Genes and Metabolic Pathways. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20153743. [PMID: 31370198 PMCID: PMC6696053 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20153743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2019] [Revised: 07/15/2019] [Accepted: 07/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite recent scientific headway in deciphering maize (Zea mays L.) drought stress responses, the overall picture of key proteins and genes, pathways, and protein-protein interactions regulating maize filling-kernel drought tolerance is still fragmented. Yet, maize filling-kernel drought stress remains devastating and its study is critical for tolerance breeding. Here, through a comprehensive comparative proteomics analysis of filling-kernel proteomes of two contrasting (drought-tolerant YE8112 and drought-sensitive MO17) inbred lines, we report diverse but key molecular actors mediating drought tolerance in maize. Using isobaric tags for relative quantification approach, a total of 5175 differentially abundant proteins (DAPs) were identified from four experimental comparisons. By way of Venn diagram analysis, four critical sets of drought-responsive proteins were mined out and further analyzed by bioinformatics techniques. The YE8112-exclusive DAPs chiefly participated in pathways related to "protein processing in the endoplasmic reticulum" and "tryptophan metabolism", whereas MO17-exclusive DAPs were involved in "starch and sucrose metabolism" and "oxidative phosphorylation" pathways. Most notably, we report that YE8112 kernels were comparatively drought tolerant to MO17 kernels attributable to their redox post translational modifications and epigenetic regulation mechanisms, elevated expression of heat shock proteins, enriched energy metabolism and secondary metabolites biosynthesis, and up-regulated expression of seed storage proteins. Further, comparative physiological analysis and quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction results substantiated the proteomics findings. Our study presents an elaborate understanding of drought-responsive proteins and metabolic pathways mediating maize filling-kernel drought tolerance, and provides important candidate genes for subsequent functional validation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Wang
- Department of Crop Genetics and Breeding, College of Agronomy, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China
- North China Key Laboratory for Crop Germplasm Resources of the Education Ministry, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China
| | - Tinashe Zenda
- Department of Crop Genetics and Breeding, College of Agronomy, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China
- North China Key Laboratory for Crop Germplasm Resources of the Education Ministry, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China
| | - Songtao Liu
- Department of Crop Genetics and Breeding, College of Agronomy, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China
- North China Key Laboratory for Crop Germplasm Resources of the Education Ministry, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China
| | - Guo Liu
- Department of Crop Genetics and Breeding, College of Agronomy, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China
- North China Key Laboratory for Crop Germplasm Resources of the Education Ministry, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China
| | - Hongyu Jin
- Department of Crop Genetics and Breeding, College of Agronomy, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China
- North China Key Laboratory for Crop Germplasm Resources of the Education Ministry, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China
| | - Liang Dai
- Department of Crop Genetics and Breeding, College of Agronomy, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China
- North China Key Laboratory for Crop Germplasm Resources of the Education Ministry, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China
| | - Anyi Dong
- Department of Crop Genetics and Breeding, College of Agronomy, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China
- North China Key Laboratory for Crop Germplasm Resources of the Education Ministry, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China
| | - Yatong Yang
- Department of Crop Genetics and Breeding, College of Agronomy, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China
- North China Key Laboratory for Crop Germplasm Resources of the Education Ministry, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China
| | - Huijun Duan
- Department of Crop Genetics and Breeding, College of Agronomy, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China.
- North China Key Laboratory for Crop Germplasm Resources of the Education Ministry, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China.
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Zeng W, Peng Y, Zhao X, Wu B, Chen F, Ren B, Zhuang Z, Gao Q, Ding Y. Comparative Proteomics Analysis of the Seedling Root Response of Drought-sensitive and Drought-tolerant Maize Varieties to Drought Stress. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20112793. [PMID: 31181633 PMCID: PMC6600177 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20112793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2019] [Revised: 06/03/2019] [Accepted: 06/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The growth and development of maize roots are closely related to drought tolerance. In order to clarify the molecular mechanisms of drought tolerance between different maize (Zea mays L.) varieties at the protein level, the isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation (iTRAQ) quantitative proteomics were used for the comparative analysis of protein expression in the seedling roots of the drought-tolerant Chang 7-2 and drought-sensitive TS141 maize varieties under 20% polyethylene glycol 6000 (PEG 6000)-simulated drought stress. We identified a total of 7723 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs), 1243 were significantly differentially expressed in Chang 7-2 following drought stress, 572 of which were up-regulated and 671 were down-regulated; 419 DEPs were identified in TS141, 172 of which were up-regulated and 247 were down-regulated. In Chang 7-2, the DEPs were associated with ribosome pathway, glycolysis/gluconeogenesis pathway, and amino sugar and nucleotide sugar metabolism. In TS141, the DEPs were associated with metabolic pathway, phenylpropanoid biosynthesis pathway, and starch and sucrose metabolism. Compared with TS141, the higher drought tolerance of Chang 7-2 root system was attributed to a stronger water retention capacity; the synergistic effect of antioxidant enzymes; the strengthen cell wall; the osmotic stabilization of plasma membrane proteins; the effectiveness of recycling amino acid; and an improvement in the degree of lignification. The common mechanisms of the drought stress response between the two varieties included: The promotion of enzymes in the glycolysis/gluconeogenesis pathway; cross-protection against the toxicity of aldehydes and ammonia; maintenance of the cell membrane stability. Based on the proteome sequencing information, the coding region sequences of eight DEP-related genes were analyzed at the mRNA level by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). The findings of this study can inform the future breeding of drought-tolerant maize varieties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjing Zeng
- College of Agronomy, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China.
| | - Yunling Peng
- College of Agronomy, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China.
- Gansu Provincial Key Lab of Aridland Crop Science, Lanzhou 730070, China.
| | - Xiaoqiang Zhao
- Gansu Provincial Key Lab of Aridland Crop Science, Lanzhou 730070, China.
| | - Boyang Wu
- College of Agronomy, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China.
| | - Fenqi Chen
- College of Agronomy, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China.
| | - Bin Ren
- College of Agronomy, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China.
| | - Zelong Zhuang
- College of Agronomy, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China.
| | - Qiaohong Gao
- College of Agronomy, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China.
| | - Yongfu Ding
- College of Agronomy, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China.
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