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Laskoś K, Czyczyło-Mysza IM, Waligórski P, Dziurka K, Skrzypek E, Warchoł M, Juzoń-Sikora K, Janowiak F, Dziurka M, Grzesiak MT, Grzesiak S, Quarrie S, Marcińska I. Characterising Biological and Physiological Drought Signals in Diverse Parents of a Wheat Mapping Population. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:6573. [PMID: 38928284 PMCID: PMC11203422 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25126573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2024] [Revised: 06/06/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Water deficit affects the growth as well as physiological and biochemical processes in plants. The aim of this study was to determine differences in physiological and biochemical responses to drought stress in two wheat cultivars-Chinese Spring (CS) and SQ1 (which are parents of a mapping population of doubled haploid lines)-and to relate these responses to final yield and agronomic traits. Drought stress was induced by withholding water for 14 days, after which plants were re-watered and maintained until harvest. Instantaneous gas exchange parameters were evaluated on the 3rd, 5th, 10th, and 14th days of seedling growth under drought. After 14 days, water content and levels of chlorophyll a+b, carotenoids, malondialdehyde, soluble carbohydrates, phenolics, salicylic acid, abscisic acid (ABA), and polyamines were measured. At final maturity, yield components (grain number and weight), biomass, straw weight, and harvest index were evaluated. Physiological and biochemical parameters of CS responded more than those of SQ1 to the 14-day drought, reflected in a greater reduction in final biomass and yield in CS. Marked biochemical differences between responses of CS and SQ1 to the drought were found for soluble carbohydrates and polyamines. These would be good candidates for testing in the mapping population for the coincidence of the genetic control of these traits and final biomass and yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamila Laskoś
- The Franciszek Górski Institute of Plant Physiology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Niezapominajek 21, 30-239 Kraków, Poland; (K.L.); (P.W.); (K.D.); (E.S.); (M.W.); (K.J.-S.); (F.J.); (M.D.); (M.T.G.); (S.G.); (I.M.)
| | - Ilona Mieczysława Czyczyło-Mysza
- The Franciszek Górski Institute of Plant Physiology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Niezapominajek 21, 30-239 Kraków, Poland; (K.L.); (P.W.); (K.D.); (E.S.); (M.W.); (K.J.-S.); (F.J.); (M.D.); (M.T.G.); (S.G.); (I.M.)
| | - Piotr Waligórski
- The Franciszek Górski Institute of Plant Physiology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Niezapominajek 21, 30-239 Kraków, Poland; (K.L.); (P.W.); (K.D.); (E.S.); (M.W.); (K.J.-S.); (F.J.); (M.D.); (M.T.G.); (S.G.); (I.M.)
| | - Kinga Dziurka
- The Franciszek Górski Institute of Plant Physiology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Niezapominajek 21, 30-239 Kraków, Poland; (K.L.); (P.W.); (K.D.); (E.S.); (M.W.); (K.J.-S.); (F.J.); (M.D.); (M.T.G.); (S.G.); (I.M.)
| | - Edyta Skrzypek
- The Franciszek Górski Institute of Plant Physiology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Niezapominajek 21, 30-239 Kraków, Poland; (K.L.); (P.W.); (K.D.); (E.S.); (M.W.); (K.J.-S.); (F.J.); (M.D.); (M.T.G.); (S.G.); (I.M.)
| | - Marzena Warchoł
- The Franciszek Górski Institute of Plant Physiology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Niezapominajek 21, 30-239 Kraków, Poland; (K.L.); (P.W.); (K.D.); (E.S.); (M.W.); (K.J.-S.); (F.J.); (M.D.); (M.T.G.); (S.G.); (I.M.)
| | - Katarzyna Juzoń-Sikora
- The Franciszek Górski Institute of Plant Physiology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Niezapominajek 21, 30-239 Kraków, Poland; (K.L.); (P.W.); (K.D.); (E.S.); (M.W.); (K.J.-S.); (F.J.); (M.D.); (M.T.G.); (S.G.); (I.M.)
| | - Franciszek Janowiak
- The Franciszek Górski Institute of Plant Physiology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Niezapominajek 21, 30-239 Kraków, Poland; (K.L.); (P.W.); (K.D.); (E.S.); (M.W.); (K.J.-S.); (F.J.); (M.D.); (M.T.G.); (S.G.); (I.M.)
| | - Michał Dziurka
- The Franciszek Górski Institute of Plant Physiology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Niezapominajek 21, 30-239 Kraków, Poland; (K.L.); (P.W.); (K.D.); (E.S.); (M.W.); (K.J.-S.); (F.J.); (M.D.); (M.T.G.); (S.G.); (I.M.)
| | - Maciej T. Grzesiak
- The Franciszek Górski Institute of Plant Physiology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Niezapominajek 21, 30-239 Kraków, Poland; (K.L.); (P.W.); (K.D.); (E.S.); (M.W.); (K.J.-S.); (F.J.); (M.D.); (M.T.G.); (S.G.); (I.M.)
| | - Stanisław Grzesiak
- The Franciszek Górski Institute of Plant Physiology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Niezapominajek 21, 30-239 Kraków, Poland; (K.L.); (P.W.); (K.D.); (E.S.); (M.W.); (K.J.-S.); (F.J.); (M.D.); (M.T.G.); (S.G.); (I.M.)
| | - Steve Quarrie
- Faculty of Biology, University of Belgrade, Studentski trg 16, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia;
| | - Izabela Marcińska
- The Franciszek Górski Institute of Plant Physiology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Niezapominajek 21, 30-239 Kraków, Poland; (K.L.); (P.W.); (K.D.); (E.S.); (M.W.); (K.J.-S.); (F.J.); (M.D.); (M.T.G.); (S.G.); (I.M.)
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Phosuwan S, Nounjan N, Theerakulpisut P, Siangliw M, Charoensawan V. Comparative quantitative trait loci analysis framework reveals relationships between salt stress responsive phenotypes and pathways. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 15:1264909. [PMID: 38463565 PMCID: PMC10920293 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1264909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
Soil salinity is a complex abiotic stress that involves several biological pathways. Hence, focusing on a specific or a few salt-tolerant phenotypes is unlikely to provide comprehensive insights into the intricate and interwinding mechanisms that regulate salt responsiveness. In this study, we develop a heuristic framework for systematically integrating and comprehensively evaluating quantitative trait loci (QTL) analyses from multiple stress-related traits obtained by different studies. Making use of a combined set of 46 salinity-related traits from three independent studies that were based on the same chromosome segment substitution line (CSSL) population of rice (Oryza sativa), we demonstrate how our approach can address technical biases and limitations from different QTL studies and calling methods. This allows us to compile a comprehensive list of trait-specific and multi-trait QTLs, as well as salinity-related candidate genes. In doing so, we discover several novel relationships between traits that demonstrate similar trends of phenotype scores across the CSSLs, as well as the similarities between genomic locations that the traits were mapped to. Finally, we experimentally validate our findings by expression analyses and functional validations of several selected candidate genes from multiple pathways in rice and Arabidopsis orthologous genes, including OsKS7 (ENT-KAURENE SYNTHASE 7), OsNUC1 (NUCLEOLIN 1) and OsFRO1 (FERRIC REDUCTASE OXIDASE 1) to name a few. This work not only introduces a novel approach for conducting comparative analyses of multiple QTLs, but also provides a list of candidate genes and testable hypotheses for salinity-related mechanisms across several biological pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunadda Phosuwan
- Doctor of Philosophy Program in Biochemistry (International Program), Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Noppawan Nounjan
- Biodiversity and Environmental Management Division, International College, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Piyada Theerakulpisut
- Salt-tolerant Rice Research Group, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Meechai Siangliw
- National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), Khlong Luang, Thailand
| | - Varodom Charoensawan
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Integrative Computational BioScience (ICBS) Center, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand
- Division of Medical Bioinformatics, Research Department, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Siriraj Genomics, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
- School of Chemistry, Institute of Science, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand
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3
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Kim JH, Lim SD, Jung KH, Jang CS. Overexpression of a C3HC4-type E3-ubiquitin ligase contributes to salinity tolerance by modulating Na + homeostasis in rice. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2023; 175:e14075. [PMID: 38148225 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.14075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/28/2023]
Abstract
Soil salinity has a negative effect on crop yield. Therefore, plants have evolved many strategies to overcome decreases in yield under saline conditions. Among these, E3-ubiquitin ligase regulates salt tolerance. We characterized Oryza sativa Really Interesting New Gene (RING) Finger C3HC4-type E3 ligase (OsRFPHC-4), which plays a positive role in improving salt tolerance. The expression of OsRFPHC-4 was downregulated by high NaCl concentrations and induced by abscisic acid (ABA) treatment. GFP-fused OsRFPHC-4 was localized to the plasma membrane of rice protoplasts. OsRFPHC-4 encodes a cellular protein with a C3HC4-RING domain with E3 ligase activity. However, its variant OsRFPHC-4C161A does not possess this activity. OsRFPHC-4-overexpressing plants showed enhanced salt tolerance due to low accumulation of Na+ in both roots and leaves, low Na+ transport in the xylem sap, high accumulation of proline and soluble sugars, high activity of reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging enzymes, and differential regulation of Na+ /K+ transporter expression compared to wild-type (WT) and osrfphc-4 plants. In addition, OsRFPHC-4-overexpressing plants showed higher ABA sensitivity under exogenous ABA treatment than WT and osrfphc-4 plants. Overall, these results suggest that OsRFPHC-4 contributes to the improvement of salt tolerance and Na+ /K+ homeostasis via the regulation of changes in Na+ /K+ transporters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong Ho Kim
- Plant Genomics Laboratory, Interdisciplinary Program in Smart Agriculture, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Don Lim
- Molecular Plant Physiology Laboratory, Department of Plant Life & Resource Sciences, Sangji University, Wonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki-Hong Jung
- Graduate School of Biotechnology, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, Republic of Korea
| | - Cheol Seong Jang
- Plant Genomics Laboratory, Interdisciplinary Program in Smart Agriculture, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea
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Singh D, Kaushik R, Chakdar H, Saxena AK. Unveiling novel insights into haloarchaea (Halolamina pelagica CDK2) for alleviation of drought stress in wheat. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2023; 39:328. [PMID: 37792124 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-023-03781-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023]
Abstract
Plant growth promoting microorganisms have various implications for plant growth and drought stress alleviation; however, the roles of archaea have not been explored in detail. Herein, present study was aimed for elucidating potential of haloarchaea (Halolamina pelagica CDK2) on plant growth under drought stress. Results showed that haloarchaea inoculated wheat plants exhibited significant improvement in total chlorophyll (100%) and relative water content (30.66%) compared to the uninoculated water-stressed control (30% FC). The total root length (2.20-fold), projected area (1.60-fold), surface area (1.52-fold), number of root tips (3.03-fold), number of forks (2.76-fold) and number of links (1.45-fold) were significantly higher in the inoculated plants than in the uninoculated water stressed control. Additionally, the haloarchaea inoculation resulted in increased sugar (1.50-fold), protein (2.40-fold) and activity of antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase (1.93- fold), ascorbate peroxidase (1.58-fold), catalase (2.30-fold), peroxidase (1.77-fold) and glutathione reductase (4.70-fold), while reducing the accumulation of proline (46.45%), glycine betaine (35.36%), lipid peroxidation (50%), peroxide and superoxide radicals in wheat leaves under water stress. Furthermore, the inoculation of haloarchaea significantly enhanced the expression of stress-responsive genes (DHN, DREB, L15, and TaABA-8OH) and wheat vegetative growth under drought stress over the uninoculated water stressed control. These results provide novel insights into the plant-archaea interaction for plant growth and stress tolerance in wheat and pave the way for future research in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Devendra Singh
- ICAR- Central Arid Zone Research Institute, 342003, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
- ICAR-National Bureau of Agriculturally Important Microorganisms, 275103, Kushmaur, Mau, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Rajeev Kaushik
- Division of Microbiology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, 110012, New Delhi, India
| | - Hillol Chakdar
- ICAR-National Bureau of Agriculturally Important Microorganisms, 275103, Kushmaur, Mau, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Anil Kumar Saxena
- ICAR-National Bureau of Agriculturally Important Microorganisms, 275103, Kushmaur, Mau, Uttar Pradesh, India.
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Ahmad I, Zhu G, Zhou G, Younas MU, Suliman MSE, Liu J, Zhu YM, Salih EGI. Integrated approaches for increasing plant yield under salt stress. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1215343. [PMID: 37534293 PMCID: PMC10393426 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1215343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023]
Abstract
Salt stress affects large cultivated areas worldwide, thus causing remarkable reductions in plant growth and yield. To reduce the negative effects of salt stress on plant growth and yield, plant hormones, nutrient absorption, and utilization, as well as developing salt-tolerant varieties and enhancing their morpho-physiological activities, are some integrative approaches to coping with the increasing incidence of salt stress. Numerous studies have been conducted to investigate the critical impacts of these integrative approaches on plant growth and yield. However, a comprehensive review of these integrative approaches, that regulate plant growth and yield under salt stress, is still in its early stages. The review focused on the major issues of nutrient absorption and utilization by plants, as well as the development of salt tolerance varieties under salt stress. In addition, we explained the effects of these integrative approaches on the crop's growth and yield, illustrated the roles that phytohormones play in improving morpho-physiological activities, and identified some relevant genes involve in these integrative approaches when the plant is subjected to salt stress. The current review demonstrated that HA with K enhance plant morpho-physiological activities and soil properties. In addition, NRT and NPF genes family enhance nutrients uptake, NHX1, SOS1, TaNHX, AtNHX1, KDML, RD6, and SKC1, maintain ion homeostasis and membrane integrity to cope with the adverse effects of salt stress, and sd1/Rht1, AtNHX1, BnaMAX1s, ipal-1D, and sft improve the plant growth and yield in different plants. The primary purpose of this investigation is to provide a comprehensive review of the performance of various strategies under salt stress, which might assist in further interpreting the mechanisms that plants use to regulate plant growth and yield under salt stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irshad Ahmad
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Guanglong Zhu
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Guisheng Zhou
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Key Lab of Crop Genetics & Physiology of Jiangsu Province, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Muhammad Usama Younas
- Department of Crop Genetics and Breeding, College of Agriculture, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Mohamed Suliman Eltyeb Suliman
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Faculty of Forestry, University of Khartoum, Khartoum North, Sudan
| | - Jiao Liu
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Yi ming Zhu
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Ebtehal Gabralla Ibrahim Salih
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
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Apon TA, Ahmed SF, Bony ZF, Chowdhury MR, Asha JF, Biswas A. Sett priming with salicylic acid improves salinity tolerance of sugarcane ( Saccharum officinarum L.) during early stages of crop development. Heliyon 2023; 9:e16030. [PMID: 37215815 PMCID: PMC10192769 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e16030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Revised: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L.), a globally cultivated carbohydrate producing crop of industrial importance is being challenged by soil salinity due to its glycophytic nature. Water stress coupled with cellular and metabolic alterations resulting from excess sodium (Na+) ion accumulation is irreversibly damaging during early crop developmental stages that often results in complete crop failure. This study therefore aimed to explore the potential of salicylic acid as a sett priming material to mitigate the negative effects of salt stress on sugarcane during germination and early growth stages. Five doses of salicylic acid (0 [hydropriming] [control], 0.5 mM, 1 mM, 1.5 mM and 2 mM) were tested against three levels of salinity (0.5 dS m-1 [control], 4 dS m-1, and 8 dS m-1) within a polyhouse environment. Results revealed 11.2%, 18.5%, 25.4%, and 38.6%, average increase in final germination, germination energy, seedling length and seedling vigor index respectively with a subsequent reduction of 21% mean germination time. Investigations during early seedling growth revealed 21.6%, 17.5%, 27.0%, 39.9%, 10.7%, 11.5%, 17.5%, 47.9%, 35.3% and 20.5% overall increase in plant height, total leaf area, shoot dry matter, root dry matter, leaf greenness, relative water content, membrane stability index, proline content, total antioxidant activity and potassium (K+) ion accumulation respectively with a subsequent reduction of 24.9% Na+ ion accumulation and 35.8% Na+/K+ ratio due to salicylic acid priming. Germination, seedling growth and recovery of physiochemical traits were highly satisfactory in primed setts than non-primed ones even under 8 dS m-1 salinity level. This study should provide useful information for strategizing salinity management approaches for better productivity of sugarcane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tasfiqure Amin Apon
- Pathology Division, Bangladesh Sugarcrop Research Institute (BSRI), Ishurdi, 6620, Pabna, Bangladesh
| | - Sheikh Faruk Ahmed
- Department of Crop Botany, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University (BSMRAU), Gazipur, 1706, Bangladesh
| | - Zannatul Ferdaous Bony
- Department of Agroforestry and Environment, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University (BSMRAU), Gazipur, 1706, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Rizvi Chowdhury
- Department of Plant Pathology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University (BSMRAU), Gazipur, 1706, Bangladesh
| | - Jannatul Ferdoushi Asha
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University (HSTU), Dinajpur 5200, Bangladesh
| | - Arindam Biswas
- Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI), Joydebpur, Gazipur, 1701, Bangladesh
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Jia Y, Zhao H, Niu Y, Wang Y. Identification of birch lncRNAs and mRNAs responding to salt stress and characterization of functions of lncRNA. HORTICULTURE RESEARCH 2023; 10:uhac277. [PMID: 36793758 PMCID: PMC9926155 DOI: 10.1093/hr/uhac277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are important in abiotic stress tolerance. Here, we identified salt-responsive genes and lncRNAs in the roots and leaves of Betula platyphylla Suk. (birch), and characterized their lncRNAs functions. In total, 2660 mRNAs and 539 lncRNAs responding to salt treatment were identified using RNA-seq. The salt-responsive genes were substantially enriched in 'cell wall biogenesis' and 'wood development' in the roots and were enriched in 'photosynthesis' and 'response to stimulus' in the leaves. Meanwhile, the potential target genes of the salt-responsive lncRNAs in roots and leaves were both enriched in 'nitrogen compound metabolic process' and 'response to stimulus'. We further built a method for quickly identifying abiotic stress tolerance of lncRNAs, which employed transient transformation for overexpression and knock-down of the lncRNA, enabling gain- and loss-of-function analysis. Using this method, 11 randomly selected salt-responsive lncRNAs were characterized. Among them, six lncRNAs confer salt tolerance, two lncRNAs confer salt sensitivity, and the other three lncRNAs are not involved in salt tolerance. In addition, a lncRNA, LncY1, was further characterized, which improves salt tolerance by regulating two transcription factors, BpMYB96 and BpCDF3. Taken together, our results suggested that lncRNAs play important roles in the salt response of birch plants.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Yani Niu
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Northeast Forestry University, 26 Hexing Road, Harbin 150040, China
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8
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Li C, Li Y, Chu P, Hao-hao Z, Wei Z, Cheng Y, Liu X, Zhao F, Li YJ, Zhang Z, Zheng Y, Mu Z. Effects of salt stress on sucrose metabolism and growth in Chinese rose ( Rosa chinensis). BIOTECHNOL BIOTEC EQ 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/13102818.2022.2116356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Caihua Li
- Economic Crop Research Laboratory, Economic Crops Institute, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, PR China
| | - Yuhuan Li
- Economic Crop Research Laboratory, Economic Crops Institute, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, PR China
| | - Peiyu Chu
- Laboratory of Economic Crops, Agricultural College, Heilongjiang Bayi Agriculture University, Daqing, PR China
| | - Zhao Hao-hao
- Laboratory of Economic Crops, Agricultural College, Heilongjiang Bayi Agriculture University, Daqing, PR China
| | - Zunmiao Wei
- Economic Crop Research Laboratory, Economic Crops Institute, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, PR China
| | - Yan Cheng
- Economic Crop Research Laboratory, Economic Crops Institute, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, PR China
| | - Xianxian Liu
- Economic Crop Research Laboratory, Economic Crops Institute, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, PR China
| | - Fengzhou Zhao
- Laboratory of Economic Crops, Agricultural College, Heilongjiang Bayi Agriculture University, Daqing, PR China
| | - Yan-jun Li
- Economic Crop Research Laboratory, Economic Crops Institute, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, PR China
| | - Zhiwen Zhang
- Laboratory of Economic Crops, Agricultural College, Heilongjiang Bayi Agriculture University, Daqing, PR China
| | - Yi Zheng
- Economic Crop Research Laboratory, Economic Crops Institute, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, PR China
| | - Zhongsheng Mu
- Economic Crop Research Laboratory, Economic Crops Institute, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, PR China
- Laboratory of Economic Crops, Agricultural College, Heilongjiang Bayi Agriculture University, Daqing, PR China
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Guo X, Ahmad N, Zhao S, Zhao C, Zhong W, Wang X, Li G. Effect of Salt Stress on Growth and Physiological Properties of Asparagus Seedlings. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:2836. [PMID: 36365288 PMCID: PMC9657929 DOI: 10.3390/plants11212836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Revised: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Salt stress could inhibit the growth and development of crops and negatively affect yield and quality. The objective of this study was to investigate the physiological responses of different asparagus cultivars to salt stress. Twenty days old seedlings ofasalt-tolerant Apollo andasalt-sensitive cultivar JL1 were subjected to 0 (CK) and120 mM NaCl stress for 20 d. Their changes in growth, ion contents, antioxidant enzyme activities and gene expression were analyzed. Salt stress significantly inhibited the growth of both cultivars, and JL1 showed a greater decrease than Apollo. The root development of Apollo was promoted by 120 mM NaCl treatment. The Na+ content in roots, stems, and leaves of both cultivars was increased under salt stress, while K+ content and K+/Na+ decreased. The salt-tolerant cultivar Apollo showed less extent of increase in Na+ and decrease in K+ content and kept a relatively high K+/Na+ ratio to compare with JL1. The contents of proline, soluble sugar and protein increased in Apollo, while thesesubstances changed differently in JL1 under salt stress. Activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), and catalase (CAT) were gradually increased under salt stress in Apollo, while the corresponding enzyme activities in JL1 were decreased at the late stage of salt stress. The expression of SOD, POD, and CAT genes of both cultivars changed in a similar way to the enzyme activities. Malondialdehyde (MDA) content was increased slightly in Apollo, while increased significantly in JL1. At the late stage of salt stress, Apollomaintained a relatively high K+/Na+, osmotic adjustment ability and antioxidant defense capability, and therefore exhibited higher tolerance to salt stress than that of JL1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Guo
- Institute of Crop Germplasm Resources (Institute of Biotechnology), Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Ecology and Physiology, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Naveed Ahmad
- Institute of Crop Germplasm Resources (Institute of Biotechnology), Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Ecology and Physiology, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Shuzhen Zhao
- Institute of Crop Germplasm Resources (Institute of Biotechnology), Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Ecology and Physiology, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Chuanzhi Zhao
- Institute of Crop Germplasm Resources (Institute of Biotechnology), Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Ecology and Physiology, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Wen Zhong
- Shandong Seed Administration Station, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Xingjun Wang
- Institute of Crop Germplasm Resources (Institute of Biotechnology), Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Ecology and Physiology, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Guanghui Li
- Institute of Crop Germplasm Resources (Institute of Biotechnology), Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Ecology and Physiology, Jinan 250100, China
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10
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Sircar S, Musaddi M, Parekh N. NetREx: Network-based Rice Expression Analysis Server for abiotic stress conditions. Database (Oxford) 2022; 2022:6657695. [PMID: 35932239 PMCID: PMC9356536 DOI: 10.1093/database/baac060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2021] [Revised: 04/30/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Recent focus on transcriptomic studies in food crops like rice, wheat and maize provide new opportunities to address issues related to agriculture and climate change. Re-analysis of such data available in public domain supplemented with annotations across molecular hierarchy can be of immense help to the plant research community, particularly co-expression networks representing transcriptionally coordinated genes that are often part of the same biological process. With this objective, we have developed NetREx, a Network-based Rice Expression Analysis Server, that hosts ranked co-expression networks of Oryza sativa using publicly available messenger RNA sequencing data across uniform experimental conditions. It provides a range of interactable data viewers and modules for analysing user-queried genes across different stress conditions (drought, flood, cold and osmosis) and hormonal treatments (abscisic and jasmonic acid) and tissues (root and shoot). Subnetworks of user-defined genes can be queried in pre-constructed tissue-specific networks, allowing users to view the fold change, module memberships, gene annotations and analysis of their neighbourhood genes and associated pathways. The web server also allows querying of orthologous genes from Arabidopsis, wheat, maize, barley and sorghum. Here, we demonstrate that NetREx can be used to identify novel candidate genes and tissue-specific interactions under stress conditions and can aid in the analysis and understanding of complex phenotypes linked to stress response in rice.
Database URL: https://bioinf.iiit.ac.in/netrex/index.html
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mayank Musaddi
- Centre for Computational Natural Sciences and Bioinformatics, International Institute of Information Technology , Gachibowli, Hyderabad 500032, India
| | - Nita Parekh
- Centre for Computational Natural Sciences and Bioinformatics, International Institute of Information Technology , Gachibowli, Hyderabad 500032, India
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11
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Xia-Yu G, Meng Z, Ming-Dong Z, Ji-Rui L, Zhong-Wei W, Jian-Wu L, Bin Z, Zhi-Yong A, Hua-Feng D. Comparative transcriptomic analysis of the super hybrid rice Chaoyouqianhao under salt stress. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2022; 22:233. [PMID: 35525915 PMCID: PMC9077912 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-022-03586-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Soil salinization is a threat to food security. China is rich in saline land resources for potential and current utilization. The cultivation and promotion of salt-tolerant rice varieties can greatly improve the utilization of this saline land. The super hybrid rice Chaoyouqianhao (CY1000) is one of the most salt-tolerant rice varieties and is widely used, but the molecular mechanism underlying its salt tolerance is not clear. RESULTS In this study, the characteristics of CY1000 and its parents were evaluated in the field and laboratory. The results showed that aboveground parts of CY1000 were barely influenced by salt stress, while the roots were less affected than those of its parents. A comparative transcriptomic strategy was used to analyze the differences in the response to salt stress among the male and female parents of CY1000 at the seedling stage and the model indica rice 93-11. We found that the salt tolerance of CY1000 was mainly inherited from its male parent R900, and its female parent GX24S showed hardly any salt tolerance. To adapt to salt stress, CY1000 and R900 upregulated the expression of genes associated with soluble component synthesis and cell wall synthesis and other related genes and downregulated the expression of most genes related to growth material acquisition and consumption. In CY1000 and R900, the expression of genes encoding some novel key proteins in the ubiquitination pathway was significantly upregulated. After treatment with MG-132, the salt tolerance of CY1000 and R900 was significantly decreased and was almost the same as that of the wild type after salt stress treatment, indicating that ubiquitination played an important role in the salt tolerance mechanism of CY1000. At the same time, we found that some transcription factors were also involved in the salt stress response, with some transcription factors responding only in hybrid CY1000, suggesting that salt tolerance heterosis might be regulated by transcription factors in rice. CONCLUSION Our results revealed that the ubiquitination pathway is important for salt tolerance in rice, and several novel candidate genes were identified to reveal a novel salt tolerance regulation network. Additionally, our work will help clarify the mechanism of heterosis in rice. Further exploration of the molecular mechanism underlying the salt tolerance of CY1000 can provide a theoretical basis for breeding new salt-tolerant rice varieties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guo Xia-Yu
- College of Agronomy, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410125 P. R. China
- National Innovation Center of Saline-Alkali Tolerant Rice in Sanya, Sanya, 572000 P. R. China
- Hunan Hybrid Rice Research Center, Changsha, 410125 P. R. China
| | - Zhang Meng
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Developmental Regulation, College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082 P. R. China
| | - Zhu Ming-Dong
- Key Laboratory of Indica Rice Genetics and Breeding in the Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River Valley, Hunan Rice Research Institute, Changsha, 410125 P. R. China
| | - Long Ji-Rui
- Hunan Hybrid Rice Research Center, Changsha, 410125 P. R. China
| | - Wei Zhong-Wei
- Hunan Hybrid Rice Research Center, Changsha, 410125 P. R. China
| | - Li Jian-Wu
- Hunan Hybrid Rice Research Center, Changsha, 410125 P. R. China
| | - Zhou Bin
- Key Laboratory of Indica Rice Genetics and Breeding in the Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River Valley, Hunan Rice Research Institute, Changsha, 410125 P. R. China
| | - Ai Zhi-Yong
- National Innovation Center of Saline-Alkali Tolerant Rice in Sanya, Sanya, 572000 P. R. China
- Hunan Hybrid Rice Research Center, Changsha, 410125 P. R. China
| | - Deng Hua-Feng
- College of Agronomy, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410125 P. R. China
- Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha, 410125 P. R. China
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12
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Zahra N, Al Hinai MS, Hafeez MB, Rehman A, Wahid A, Siddique KHM, Farooq M. Regulation of photosynthesis under salt stress and associated tolerance mechanisms. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2022; 178:55-69. [PMID: 35276596 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2022.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Revised: 02/12/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Photosynthesis is crucial for the survival of all living biota, playing a key role in plant productivity by generating the carbon skeleton that is the primary component of all biomolecules. Salinity stress is a major threat to agricultural productivity and sustainability as it can cause irreversible damage to photosynthetic apparatus at any developmental stage. However, the capacity of plants to become photosynthetically active under adverse saline conditions remains largely untapped. This study addresses this discrepancy by exploring the current knowledge on the impact of salinity on chloroplast operation, metabolism, chloroplast ultrastructure, and leaf anatomy, and highlights the dire consequences for photosynthetic machinery and stomatal conductance. We also discuss enhancing photosynthetic capacity by modifying and redistributing electron transport between photosystems and improving photosystem stability using genetic approaches, beneficial microbial inoculations, and root architecture changes to improve salt stress tolerance under field conditions. Understanding chloroplast operations and molecular engineering of photosynthetic genes under salinity stress will pave the way for developing salt-tolerant germplasm to ensure future sustainability by rehabilitating saline areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noreen Zahra
- Department of Botany, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, 38040, Pakistan
| | - Marwa Sulaiman Al Hinai
- Department of Plant Sciences, College of Agricultural and Marine Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, Al-Khoud 123, Oman
| | | | - Abdul Rehman
- Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture and Environment, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, 63100, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Abdul Wahid
- Department of Botany, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, 38040, Pakistan
| | - Kadambot H M Siddique
- The UWA Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, 6001, Australia
| | - Muhammad Farooq
- Department of Plant Sciences, College of Agricultural and Marine Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, Al-Khoud 123, Oman; The UWA Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, 6001, Australia.
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13
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Freire FCDJ, Silva-Pinheiro JD, Santos JS, Silva AGLD, Camargos LSD, Endres L, Justino GC. Proline and antioxidant enzymes protect Tabebuia aurea (Bignoniaceae) from transitory water deficiency. RODRIGUÉSIA 2022. [DOI: 10.1590/2175-7860202273031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Abstract Water deficiency is a major abiotic stress that limits biomass production and drives plant species distributions. We evaluate the effects of water deficiency on ecophysiological and biochemical parameters of seedlings of Tabebuia aurea. Plants were subjected to daily watering (control) and to stress by soil water deficiency for 29 days. Leaf area, plant biomass, gas exchange, SPAD index, maximum quantum yield (Fv / Fm), quantum yield of PSII (ΦPSII), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and L-ascorbate peroxidase (APX) activity, lipid peroxidation, and proline content were recorded. Plants responded to water deficit by reducing leaf area and accumulating proline. Stomatal conductance was reduced to limit the water loss by transpiration. However, limiting CO2 uptake caused reduction in photosynthesis and biomass. The excess of energy unutilized by photosynthesis reduced SPAD index and ΦPSII. As a result, we observed an increase in SOD and APX activity, protecting chloroplast membranes from further damages caused by lipid peroxidation. Our results indicate that T. aurea have capacity to survive under water deficiency reducing stomatal aperture, but affecting the rate of CO2 assimilation. Nevertheless, plants showed mechanisms to preventing damages to the photosynthetic apparatus. Such plasticity is an important adaptation for plants growing in dry environmental.
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14
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Sonsungsan P, Chantanakool P, Suratanee A, Buaboocha T, Comai L, Chadchawan S, Plaimas K. Identification of Key Genes in 'Luang Pratahn', Thai Salt-Tolerant Rice, Based on Time-Course Data and Weighted Co-expression Networks. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:744654. [PMID: 34925399 PMCID: PMC8675607 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.744654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Salinity is an important environmental factor causing a negative effect on rice production. To prevent salinity effects on rice yields, genetic diversity concerning salt tolerance must be evaluated. In this study, we investigated the salinity responses of rice (Oryza sativa) to determine the critical genes. The transcriptomes of 'Luang Pratahn' rice, a local Thai rice variety with high salt tolerance, were used as a model for analyzing and identifying the key genes responsible for salt-stress tolerance. Based on 3' Tag-Seq data from the time course of salt-stress treatment, weighted gene co-expression network analysis was used to identify key genes in gene modules. We obtained 1,386 significantly differentially expressed genes in eight modules. Among them, six modules indicated a significant correlation within 6, 12, or 48h after salt stress. Functional and pathway enrichment analysis was performed on the co-expressed genes of interesting modules to reveal which genes were mainly enriched within important functions for salt-stress responses. To identify the key genes in salt-stress responses, we considered the two-state co-expression networks, normal growth conditions, and salt stress to investigate which genes were less important in a normal situation but gained more impact under stress. We identified key genes for the response to biotic and abiotic stimuli and tolerance to salt stress. Thus, these novel genes may play important roles in salinity tolerance and serve as potential biomarkers to improve salt tolerance cultivars.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pajaree Sonsungsan
- Program in Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, Graduate School, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Pheerawat Chantanakool
- Center of Excellence in Environment and Plant Physiology, Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Apichat Suratanee
- Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Applied Science, King Mongkut’s University of Technology North Bangkok, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Teerapong Buaboocha
- Molecular Crop Research Unit, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Omics Science and Bioinformatics Center, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Luca Comai
- Department of Plant Biology, College of Biological Sciences, College of Biological Sciences, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Supachitra Chadchawan
- Center of Excellence in Environment and Plant Physiology, Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Omics Science and Bioinformatics Center, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Kitiporn Plaimas
- Omics Science and Bioinformatics Center, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Advanced Virtual and Intelligent Computing (AVIC) Center, Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
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15
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He H, Wang Q, Wang L, Yang K, Yang R, You C, Ke J, Wu L. Photosynthetic physiological response of water-saving and drought-resistant rice to severe drought under wetting-drying alternation irrigation. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2021; 173:2191-2206. [PMID: 34549440 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.13568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Revised: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Water-saving and drought-resistant rice (WDR) is widely grown in central China in recent years. However, studies have not explored the interaction effect of WDR and irrigation regimes on drought-resistance capacities under severe drought at sensitive growth periods. A pot experiment was conducted using a WDR cultivar Hanyou73 (HY73) and traditional high-yielding and drought-sensitive cultivar Huiliangyou 898 (HLY898). Three irrigation regimes, including flooding irrigation (W1), mild wetting-drying alternation irrigation (W2), and severe wetting-drying alternation irrigation (W3), were applied before heading. At heading, severe drought with -50 KPa soil water potential was established for all treatments and cultivars. The findings showed that cultivar HY73 under W2 treatment had the highest yield, 1000-grain yield, filled grain, relative water content, and photosynthesis potential compared with the other combinations. The higher net photosynthetic rate (Pn ) was attributed to larger mesophyll conductance (gm ) in drought for cultivar HY73 under W2 treatment compared with that for cultivar HLY898 and the other water treatments. Enhanced photo-respiration rate may be an important photoprotection mechanism for achieving high Pn for cultivar HY73 coupled with W2 treatment than for other combinations in drought. The relative expression level of OsPIP1;1 gene was significantly down-regulated during drought in all cultivars and water regimes. But OsPIP1;2, OsPIP2;3, OsTIP2;2, and OsTIP3;1 genes were upregulated to alleviate the significant decrease in gs and gm under drought. These results suggest that WDR and mild wetting-drying alternation irrigation (W2) have significant interaction effects in improving photosynthetic production potential by maintaining higher gm under severe drought.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haibing He
- Agricultural College, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Quan Wang
- Agricultural College, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Lele Wang
- Agricultural College, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Kun Yang
- Agricultural College, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Ru Yang
- Agricultural College, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Cuicui You
- Agricultural College, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Jian Ke
- Agricultural College, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Liquan Wu
- Agricultural College, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Nanjing, China
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16
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Lu Y, Zhang B, Li L, Zeng F, Li X. Negative effects of long-term exposure to salinity, drought, and combined stresses on halophyte Halogeton glomeratus. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2021; 173:2307-2322. [PMID: 34625966 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.13581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Plants are subjected to salt and drought stresses concurrently but our knowledge about the effects of combined stress on plants is limited, especially on halophytes. We aim to study if some diverse drought and salt tolerance traits in halophyte may explain their tolerance to salinity and drought stresses, individual and in combination, and identify key traits that influence growth under such stress conditions. Here, the halophyte Halogeton glomeratus was grown under control, single or combinations of 60 days drought and salt treatments, and morphophysiological responses were tested. Our results showed that drought, salinity, and combination of these two stressors decreased plant growth (shoot height, root length, and biomass), leaf photosynthetic pigments content (chlorophyll a, b, a + b and carotenoids), gas exchange parameters (Net photosynthesis rate [PN ], transpiration rate [E], stomatal conductance [gs ]), and water potential (ψw ), and the decreases were more prominent under combined drought and salinity treatment compared with these two stressors individually performed. Similarly, combined drought and salinity treatment induced more severe oxidative stress as indicated by more hydrogen peroxide (H2 O2 ) and malondialdehyde (MDA) accumulated. Nevertheless, H. glomeratus is equipped with specific mechanisms to protect itself against drought and salt stresses, including upregulation of superoxide dismutases (SOD; EC 1.15.1.1) and catalase (CAT; EC 1.11.1.6) activities and accumulation of osmoprotectants (Na+ , Cl- , and soluble sugar). Our results indicated that photosynthetic pigments content, gas exchange parameters, water potential, APX activity, CAT activity, soluble sugar, H2 O2 , and MDA are valuable screening criteria for drought and salt, alone or combined, and provide the tolerant assessment of H. glomeratus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, China
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Desert Plant Roots Ecology and Vegetation Restoration, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, China
- Cele National Station of Observation and Research for Desert-Grassland Ecosystems, Cele, China
| | - Bo Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, China
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Desert Plant Roots Ecology and Vegetation Restoration, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, China
- Cele National Station of Observation and Research for Desert-Grassland Ecosystems, Cele, China
| | - Lei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, China
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Desert Plant Roots Ecology and Vegetation Restoration, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, China
- Cele National Station of Observation and Research for Desert-Grassland Ecosystems, Cele, China
| | - Fanjiang Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, China
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Desert Plant Roots Ecology and Vegetation Restoration, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, China
- Cele National Station of Observation and Research for Desert-Grassland Ecosystems, Cele, China
| | - Xiangyi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, China
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Desert Plant Roots Ecology and Vegetation Restoration, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, China
- Cele National Station of Observation and Research for Desert-Grassland Ecosystems, Cele, China
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17
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Nounjan N, Theerakulpisut P. Physiological evaluation for salt tolerance in green and purple leaf color rice cultivars at seedling stage. PHYSIOLOGY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF PLANTS : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2021; 27:2819-2832. [PMID: 35035138 PMCID: PMC8720124 DOI: 10.1007/s12298-021-01114-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2021] [Revised: 12/05/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Anthocyanin, a water-soluble pigment found in plants, has been reported to be associated with abiotic stress tolerance including salt stress. For a better understanding of the role of anthocyanin in response to salt stress, two salt-tolerant rice genotypes having different leaf anthocyanin content, one having green ('Pokkali'; PK) and the other purple leaves ('Niew Dam 019'; ND 019), were used in this study. After being subjected to salt stress (150 mM NaCl) for 5 d, the 3-week-old rice genotypes PK and ND 019 exhibited significant physiological responses (water content, Na+/K+ ratio, osmolyte accumulation, osmotic adjustment, antioxidant capacity, membrane damage and chlorophyll) and expression of ion transporter genes, indicating overall salt tolerance ability. However, the green-leaved rice variety, PK, had better root-to-shoot Na+ exclusion mechanism than the purple-leaved variety, ND 019 as evidenced by lower Na+ accumulation in leaves compared to ND 019 despite the fact that they accumulated the similar level of Na+ in roots. On the other hand, ND 019 accumulated higher concentration of osmolytes leading to more enhanced osmotic adjustment. These results revealed that Na+ ion exclusion was the prominent salt tolerance mechanism in the green-leaved PK whereas in the purple-leaved ND 019 osmotic adjustment was the more significant strategy. Under salt stress, there was no remarkable change in anthocyanin in PK while a reduction was found in ND 019. Thus, it could be proposed that anthocyanin did not play a vital role in protecting the purple-leaved rice, ND 019 from salt stress during seedling stage. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12298-021-01114-y.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noppawan Nounjan
- Salt-Tolerant Rice Research Group, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Khon Kaen University, Nai Mueang, Mueang Khon Kaen, Khon Kaen, 40002 Thailand
| | - Piyada Theerakulpisut
- Salt-Tolerant Rice Research Group, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Khon Kaen University, Nai Mueang, Mueang Khon Kaen, Khon Kaen, 40002 Thailand
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Kim JH, Lim SD, Jang CS. Oryza sativa, C4HC3-type really interesting new gene (RING), OsRFPv6, is a positive regulator in response to salt stress by regulating Na + absorption. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2021; 173:883-895. [PMID: 34142383 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.13481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Revised: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Salinity negatively affects plant growth, productivity, and metabolism. Therefore, plants have evolved diverse strategies to survive in saline environments. To identify such strategies involving the ubiquitin/26S proteasome system, we characterized molecular functions of a rice C4HC3 really interesting new gene (RING)-type E3-ubiquitin ligase gene. Oryza sativa RING finger protein v6 (OsRFPv6) was highly expressed under conditions of abiotic stress, induced by 100 mM NaCl and 20% PEG. The GFP-OsRFPv6 protein was localized in the plasma membrane and cytosol in rice protoplasts. In vitro ubiquitin assay revealed that OsRFPv6 possessed E3-ubiquitin ligase activity, but its variant OsRFPv6C100A did not. OsRFPv6-overexpressing plants were insensitive to salinity, but their growth was delayed under normal conditions. Under saline conditions, transgenic plants exhibited higher proline, soluble sugar, and chlorophyll content and lower H2 O2 accumulation than wild-type plants. Moreover, transgenic plants exhibited lower Na+ uptake, lower Na+ content, and higher K+ content in the xylem sap assay. Under saline conditions, the expression levels of nine Na+ /K+ transporter genes in roots and leaves were significantly different between transgenic and wild-type plants. Specifically, under both normal and saline conditions, the expression of OsHKT2;1, a Na+ transporter, in the roots of transgenic plants was lower than that in the roots of wild-type plants. These results suggest that OsRFPv6 E3-ubiquitin ligase serves as a positive regulator of salinity response via Na+ uptake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong Ho Kim
- Plant Genomics Laboratory, Interdisciplinary Program in Smart Agriculture, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Don Lim
- Molecular Plant Physiology Laboratory, Department of Plant Life and Resource Science, Sangji University, Wonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Cheol Seong Jang
- Plant Genomics Laboratory, Interdisciplinary Program in Smart Agriculture, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea
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Drought stress-induced changes in redox metabolism of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.). Biol Futur 2021; 72:347-358. [PMID: 34554555 DOI: 10.1007/s42977-021-00084-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2020] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
In the present investigation, influence of water stress on redox metabolism was evaluated in the flag leaf and grains of four barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) genotypes viz DWRB 101, 432 ICARDA, Jyoti and 430 ICARDA at 10th, 20th and 30th days after anthesis (DAA). Relative water content, electrolyte leakage, antioxidative enzymes and their related metabolites were studied during drought stress. Relative water content was well maintained in both the tissues of DWRB 101 and 432 ICARDA. The upregulation of catalase at 20th DAA while ascorbate peroxidase, glutathione reductase and dehydro reductase at 30th DAA in the flag leaf and grains of DWRB 101 and 432 ICARDA may be responsible for lesser increase in H2O2 content as compared to other genotypes. Moreover, the downregulation of superoxide dismutase was comparatively higher in Jyoti and 430 ICARDA. The redox homeostasis was well established during the stress in DWRB 101 and 432 ICARDA by maintaining comparatively higher ratios of ascorbate/dehydroascorbate and reduced/oxidized glutathione. Therefore, scrutiny of data indicated that DWRB 101 and 432 ICARDA may perform better under drought stress in comparison with Jyoti and 430 ICARDA.
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20
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Chutimanukul P, Saputro TB, Mahaprom P, Plaimas K, Comai L, Buaboocha T, Siangliw M, Toojinda T, Chadchawan S. Combining Genome and Gene Co-expression Network Analyses for the Identification of Genes Potentially Regulating Salt Tolerance in Rice. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:704549. [PMID: 34512689 PMCID: PMC8427287 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.704549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2021] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Salinity stress tolerance is a complex polygenic trait involving multi-molecular pathways. This study aims to demonstrate an effective transcriptomic approach for identifying genes regulating salt tolerance in rice. The chromosome segment substitution lines (CSSLs) of "Khao Dawk Mali 105 (KDML105)" rice containing various regions of DH212 between markers RM1003 and RM3362 displayed differential salt tolerance at the booting stage. CSSL16 and its nearly isogenic parent, KDML105, were used for transcriptome analysis. Differentially expressed genes in the leaves of seedlings, flag leaves, and second leaves of CSSL16 and KDML105 under normal and salt stress conditions were subjected to analyses based on gene co-expression network (GCN), on two-state co-expression with clustering coefficient (CC), and on weighted gene co-expression network (WGCN). GCN identified 57 genes, while 30 and 59 genes were identified using CC and WGCN, respectively. With the three methods, some of the identified genes overlapped, bringing the maximum number of predicted salt tolerance genes to 92. Among the 92 genes, nine genes, OsNodulin, OsBTBZ1, OsPSB28, OsERD, OsSub34, peroxidase precursor genes, and three expressed protein genes, displayed SNPs between CSSL16 and KDML105. The nine genes were differentially expressed in CSSL16 and KDML105 under normal and salt stress conditions. OsBTBZ1 and OsERD were identified by the three methods. These results suggest that the transcriptomic approach described here effectively identified the genes regulating salt tolerance in rice and support the identification of appropriate QTL for salt tolerance improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panita Chutimanukul
- Center of Excellence in Environment and Plant Physiology, Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Triono Bagus Saputro
- Center of Excellence in Environment and Plant Physiology, Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Program in Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Puriphot Mahaprom
- Center of Excellence in Environment and Plant Physiology, Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Program in Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Kitiporn Plaimas
- Advanced Virtual and Intelligent Computing Research Center, Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Omics Science and Bioinformatics Center, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Luca Comai
- Genome Center and Department of Plant Biology, University of California Davis Genome Center, UC Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Teerapong Buaboocha
- Omics Science and Bioinformatics Center, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Molecular Crop Research Unit, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Meechai Siangliw
- National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, National Science and Technology Development Agency, Khlong Luang, Thailand
| | - Theerayut Toojinda
- National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, National Science and Technology Development Agency, Khlong Luang, Thailand
| | - Supachitra Chadchawan
- Center of Excellence in Environment and Plant Physiology, Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Omics Science and Bioinformatics Center, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
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da Silva PC, Ribeiro Junior WQ, Ramos MLG, Celestino SMC, Silva ADN, Casari RADCN, Santana CC, de Lima CA, Williams TCR, Vinson CC. Quinoa for the Brazilian Cerrado: Agronomic Characteristics of Elite Genotypes under Different Water Regimes. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 10:plants10081591. [PMID: 34451636 PMCID: PMC8401838 DOI: 10.3390/plants10081591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Revised: 07/17/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Quinoa stands out as an excellent crop in the Cerrado region for cultivation in the off-season or irrigated winter season. Here, we tested the effects of different water regimes on the agronomic characteristics, physiology, and grain quality of different elite quinoa genotypes under field conditions. The experiment was conducted under field conditions at Embrapa Cerrados (Planaltina, DF, Brazil). The experimental design was in randomized blocks, in a split-plot scheme, with four replications. The plots were composed of 18 quinoa genotypes and modified BRS Piabiru (the currently used genotype), and the split-plots were divided into 4 different water regimes. The following variables were evaluated: productivity and productivity per unit of applied water (PUAA), plant height, flavonoids, anthocyanins, gas exchange, chlorophyll, leaf proline, and relative water content. Our results showed that water regimes between 309 and 389 mm can be recommended for quinoa in the Cerrado region. CPAC6 and CPAC13 presented the highest yield and PUAA under high and intermediate WRs, and hence were the most suitable for winter growth under irrigation. CPAC17 is most suitable for off-season growth under rainfed conditions, as it presented the highest PUAA under the low WRs (247 and 150). CPAC9 stood out in terms of accumulation of flavonoids and anthocyanins in all WRs. Physiological analyses revealed different responses of the genotypes to water restriction, together with symptoms of stress under lower water regimes. Our study reinforces the importance of detailed analyses of the relationship between productivity, physiology, and water use when choosing genotypes for planting and harvest in different seasons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrícia Carvalho da Silva
- Faculdade de Agronomia e Medicina Veterinária, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília 70910970, DF, Brazil; (P.C.d.S.); (M.L.G.R.); (A.d.N.S.); (C.C.S.); (C.A.d.L.); (C.C.V.)
| | | | - Maria Lucrecia Gerosa Ramos
- Faculdade de Agronomia e Medicina Veterinária, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília 70910970, DF, Brazil; (P.C.d.S.); (M.L.G.R.); (A.d.N.S.); (C.C.S.); (C.A.d.L.); (C.C.V.)
| | | | - Alberto do Nascimento Silva
- Faculdade de Agronomia e Medicina Veterinária, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília 70910970, DF, Brazil; (P.C.d.S.); (M.L.G.R.); (A.d.N.S.); (C.C.S.); (C.A.d.L.); (C.C.V.)
| | | | - Charles Cardoso Santana
- Faculdade de Agronomia e Medicina Veterinária, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília 70910970, DF, Brazil; (P.C.d.S.); (M.L.G.R.); (A.d.N.S.); (C.C.S.); (C.A.d.L.); (C.C.V.)
| | - Cristiane Andrea de Lima
- Faculdade de Agronomia e Medicina Veterinária, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília 70910970, DF, Brazil; (P.C.d.S.); (M.L.G.R.); (A.d.N.S.); (C.C.S.); (C.A.d.L.); (C.C.V.)
| | | | - Christina Cleo Vinson
- Faculdade de Agronomia e Medicina Veterinária, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília 70910970, DF, Brazil; (P.C.d.S.); (M.L.G.R.); (A.d.N.S.); (C.C.S.); (C.A.d.L.); (C.C.V.)
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Seed Priming with Endophytic Bacillus subtilis Modulates Physiological Responses of Two Different Triticum aestivum L. Cultivars under Drought Stress. PLANTS 2020; 9:plants9121810. [PMID: 33371269 PMCID: PMC7766295 DOI: 10.3390/plants9121810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2020] [Revised: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The protective effects against drought stress of the endophytic bacterium Bacillus subtilis 10-4 were measured by studying the priming response in two wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)—Ekada70 (E70) and Salavat Yulaev (SY)—lines, tolerant and susceptible to drought, respectively. B. subtilis 10-4 improved germination and growth parameters under normal conditions in both cultivars with the most pronounced effect observed in cv. E70. Under drought conditions, B. subtilis 10-4 significantly ameliorated the negative impact of stress on germination and growth of cv. E70, but had no protective effect on cv. SY. B. subtilis 10-4 induced an increase in the levels of photosynthetic chlorophyll (Chl) a, Chl b, and carotenoids (Car) in the leaves of cv. E70, both under normal and drought conditions. In cv. SY plants, bacterial inoculation decreased the contents of Chl a, Chl b, and Car under normal conditions, but pigment content were almost recovered under drought stress. B. subtilis 10-4 increased water holding capacity (WHC) of cv. E70 (but did not affect this parameter in cv. SY) and prevented the stress-induced decline in WHC in both cultivars. Notably, B. subtilis 10-4 increased endogenous salicylic acid (SA) concentration in both cultivars, especially in cv. E70. Moreover, B. subtilis 10-4 reduced drought-induced endogenous SA accumulation, which was correlated with the influence of endophyte on growth, indicating a possible involvement of endogenous SA in the implementation of B. subtilis-mediated effects in both cultivars. Overall, B. subtilis 10-4 inoculation was found to increase drought tolerance in seedlings of both cultivars, as evidenced by decreased lipid peroxidation, proline content, and electrolyte leakage from tissues of wheat seedlings primed with B. subtilis 10-4 under drought conditions.
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Darko E, Khalil R, Dobi Z, Kovács V, Szalai G, Janda T, Molnár I. Addition of Aegilops biuncialis chromosomes 2M or 3M improves the salt tolerance of wheat in different way. Sci Rep 2020; 10:22327. [PMID: 33339903 PMCID: PMC7749180 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-79372-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2020] [Accepted: 12/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Aegilops biuncialis is a promising gene source to improve salt tolerance of wheat via interspecific hybridization. In the present work, the salt stress responses of wheat-Ae. biuncialis addition lines were investigated during germination and in young plants to identify which Aegilops chromosomes can improve the salt tolerance of wheat. After salt treatments, the Aegilops parent and the addition lines 2M, 3M and 3M.4BS showed higher germination potential, shoot and root growth, better CO2 assimilation capacity and less chlorophyll degradation than the wheat parent. The Aegilops parent accumulated less Na in the roots due to an up-regulation of SOS1, SOS2 and HVP1 genes, while it contained higher amount of proline, fructose, glucose, galactose, maltose and raffinose. In the leaves, lower Na level was accompanied by high amount of proline and increased expression of NHX2 gene. The enhanced accumulation of sugars and proline was also observed in the roots of 3M and 3M.4BS addition lines. Typical mechanism of 2M addition line was the sequestration of Na into the vacuole due to the increased expression of HVP1 in the roots and NHX2 in the leaves. These results suggest the Aegilops chromosomes 2M and 3M can improve salt tolerance of wheat in different way.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Darko
- Department of Plant Physiology, Centre for Agricultural Research, Agricultural Institute, Martonvásár, 2462, Hungary.
| | - Radwan Khalil
- Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Benha University, Benha, 13518, Egypt
| | - Zsanett Dobi
- Department of Plant Physiology, Centre for Agricultural Research, Agricultural Institute, Martonvásár, 2462, Hungary
| | - Viktória Kovács
- Department of Plant Physiology, Centre for Agricultural Research, Agricultural Institute, Martonvásár, 2462, Hungary
| | - Gabriella Szalai
- Department of Plant Physiology, Centre for Agricultural Research, Agricultural Institute, Martonvásár, 2462, Hungary
| | - Tibor Janda
- Department of Plant Physiology, Centre for Agricultural Research, Agricultural Institute, Martonvásár, 2462, Hungary
| | - István Molnár
- Institute of Experimental Botany, Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, 78371, Olomouc, Czech Republic.,Department of Plant Genetic Resources, Centre for Agricultural Research, Agricultural Institute, Martonvásár, 2462, Hungary
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24
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Zhang Z, Gong J, Wang B, Li X, Ding Y, Yang B, Zhu C, Liu M, Zhang W. Regrowth strategies of Leymus chinensis in response to different grazing intensities. ECOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS : A PUBLICATION OF THE ECOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA 2020; 30:e02113. [PMID: 32112460 DOI: 10.1002/eap.2113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2019] [Revised: 01/07/2020] [Accepted: 01/29/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In temperate grassland ecosystems, grazing can affect plant growth by foraging, trampling, and excretion. The ability of dominant plant species to regrow after grazing is critical, since it allows the regeneration of photosynthetic tissues to support growth. We conducted a field experiment to evaluate the effects of different grazing intensities (control, light, medium, and heavy) on the physiological and biochemical responses of Leymus chinensis and the carbon (C) sources utilized during regrowth. Light grazing promoted regrowth and photoassimilate storage of L. chinensis, by increasing the net photosynthetic rate (Pn ), photosynthetic quenching, light interception, sugar accumulation, sucrose synthase activities, and fructose supply from stems. At medium grazing intensity, L. chinensis had low Pn , light interception, and sugar accumulation, but higher expression of a sucrose transporter gene (LcSUT1) and water-use efficiency, which reflected a tendency to store C in belowground to promote survival. This strategy was associated with regulation by abscisic acid (ABA), jasmonate, and salicylic acid (SA) signaling. However, L. chinensis tolerated heavy grazing by increased ABA and jasmonate-induced promotion of C assimilation and osmotic adjustment, combined with photoprotection against photo-oxidation, suggesting a strategy based on regrowth. In addition, stems were the main C source organs and energy supply rather than roots. Simultaneously, SA represented a weaker defense than ABA and jasmonate. Therefore, L. chinensis adopted different strategies for regrowth under different grazing intensities, and light grazing promoted regrowth the most. Our results demonstrate the regulation of C reserves utilization by phytohormones, and this regulation provides an explanation for recent results about grazing responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zihe Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Surface Processes and Resource Ecology, Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Protection and Utilization, Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Jirui Gong
- Key Laboratory of Surface Processes and Resource Ecology, Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Protection and Utilization, Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Biao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Surface Processes and Resource Ecology, Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Xiaobing Li
- Key Laboratory of Surface Processes and Resource Ecology, Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Yong Ding
- Grassland Research Institute of Chinese Academic of Agricultural Science, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, 010021, China
| | - Bo Yang
- Key Laboratory of Surface Processes and Resource Ecology, Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Chenchen Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Surface Processes and Resource Ecology, Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Min Liu
- Key Laboratory of Surface Processes and Resource Ecology, Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Regulation Biology of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
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Hu Y, Huang Y, Zhou S, Zhang Y, Cheng R, Guo J, Ling Y. Traditional rice landraces in Lei-Qiong area of South China tolerate salt stress with strong antioxidant activity. PLANT SIGNALING & BEHAVIOR 2020; 15:1740466. [PMID: 32180487 PMCID: PMC7194380 DOI: 10.1080/15592324.2020.1740466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Salt stress, causing serious loss on crop productions, is one of the most important environmental stresses throughout the world. The aim of this study is to select salt-tolerant traditional rice resources collected from Lei-Qiong area of South China and investigate their physiological performances and biochemical regulations during salt stress response, together with two well-known international varieties, Nona Bokra (salt-tolerant sample) and IR29 (salt-sensitive sample). After comprehensive analyses, we discovered that two Lei-Qiong traditional salt-tolerant rice samples showed less growth inhibition by salt stress during both germination and seedling stage, in comparison with other rice samples. Moreover, there were less chlorosis symptoms in these two kinds of salt tolerant rice under salt stress, corresponding to their better water-holding capacity. We measured malondialdehyde and proline contents, and activities of CAT and POD of seedlings treated with 100 mM NaCl for 5 dand 10 d, respectively. Interestingly, less cellular membrane damage and stronger antioxidant enzyme system were found in the two Lei-Qiong rice samples. Our study suggests that traditional rice landrace growing onshore of Lei-Qiong area in China possesses good salt-tolerant capacity, which could be attributed to their efficient antioxidant enzyme system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Hu
- College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, PR China
| | - Yongxiang Huang
- College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, PR China
| | - Shuangxi Zhou
- New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Limited, Hawkes Bay, New Zealand
| | - Yueqin Zhang
- College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, PR China
| | - Risheng Cheng
- College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, PR China
| | - Jianfu Guo
- College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, PR China
- CONTACT Jianfu Guo
| | - Yu Ling
- College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, PR China
- Yu Ling College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524088 PR China
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Stomatal and Photosynthetic Traits Are Associated with Investigating Sodium Chloride Tolerance of Brassica napus L. Cultivars. PLANTS 2020; 9:plants9010062. [PMID: 31906529 PMCID: PMC7020420 DOI: 10.3390/plants9010062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2019] [Revised: 12/19/2019] [Accepted: 12/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The negative effects of salt stress vary among different rapeseed cultivars. In this study, we investigated the sodium chloride tolerance among 10 rapeseed cultivars based on membership function values (MFV) and Euclidean cluster analyses by exposing seedlings to 0, 100, or 200 mM NaCl. The NaCl toxicity significantly reduced growth, biomass, endogenous K+ levels, relative water content and increased electrolyte leakage, soluble sugar levels, proline levels, and antioxidant enzyme activities. SPAD values were highly variable among rapeseed cultivars. We identified three divergent (tolerant, moderately tolerant, and sensitive) groups. We found that Hua6919 and Yunyoushuang2 were the most salt-tolerant cultivars and that Zhongshuang11 and Yangyou9 were the most salt-sensitive cultivars. The rapeseed cultivars were further subjected to photosynthetic gas exchange and anatomical trait analyses. Among the photosynthetic gas exchange and anatomical traits, the stomatal aperture was the most highly correlated with salinity tolerance in rapeseed cultivars and thus, is important for future studies that aim to improve salinity tolerance in rapeseed. Thus, we identified and characterized two salt-tolerant cultivars that will be useful for breeding programs that aim to develop salt-tolerant rapeseed.
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27
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Genetic Diversity, Population Structure, and Marker-Trait Association for Drought Tolerance in US Rice Germplasm. PLANTS 2019; 8:plants8120530. [PMID: 31766434 PMCID: PMC6963191 DOI: 10.3390/plants8120530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2019] [Revised: 11/18/2019] [Accepted: 11/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Drought is a major constraint in some rice-growing areas of the United States. Its impact is most severe at the reproductive stage resulting in low grain yield. Therefore, assessment of genetic and phenotypic variation for drought tolerance in US rice germplasm is necessary to accelerate the breeding effort. Evaluation of 205 US rice genotypes for drought tolerance at the reproductive stage revealed tolerant response in rice genotypes Bengal, Jupiter, Cypress, Jazzman, Caffey, and Trenasse. Harvest index and fresh shoot weight were identified as important traits to explain the majority of variability among the genotypes under drought tolerance. Genotyping with 80 SSR markers indicated a low level of genetic diversity in US germplasm. Population structure analysis grouped the genotypes into eight clusters. The genotypes from California, Louisiana, and Arkansas formed distinct subgroups. Texas genotypes were similar to those from Louisiana and Arkansas. Marker-trait association analysis showed significant association of RM570 and RM351 with grain yield, spikelet fertility, and harvest index whereas shoot dry weight showed association with RM302 and RM461. The drought-tolerant genotypes identified in this study and the SSR markers associated with drought tolerance attributes will be helpful for development of improved drought-tolerant rice varieties through marker assisted selection.
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Ullah A, Nisar M, Ali H, Hazrat A, Hayat K, Keerio AA, Ihsan M, Laiq M, Ullah S, Fahad S, Khan A, Khan AH, Akbar A, Yang X. Drought tolerance improvement in plants: an endophytic bacterial approach. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2019; 103:7385-7397. [PMID: 31375881 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-019-10045-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2019] [Revised: 07/17/2019] [Accepted: 07/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Climate change is a crucial issue among the serious emerging problems which got a global attention in the last few decades. With the climate change, worldwide crop production has been seriously affected by drought stress. In this regard, various technologies including traditional breeding and genetic engineering are used to cope with drought stress. However, the interactions between plants and endophytic bacteria emerged as an interesting era of knowledge that can be used for novel agriculture practices. Endophytic bacteria which survive within plant tissues are among the most appropriate technologies improving plant growth and yield under drought conditions. These endophytic bacteria live within plant tissues and release various phytochemicals that assist plant to withstand in harsh environmental conditions, i.e., drought stress. Their plant growth-promoting characteristics include nitrogen fixation, phosphate solubilization, mineral uptake, and the production of siderophore, 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate (ACC) deaminase, and various phytohormones. These plant growth promoting characteristics of endophytic bacteria improve root length and density, which lead to the enhance drought tolerance. In addition, plant-endophytic bacteria assist plant to withstand against drought stress by producing drought-tolerant substances, for instance, abscisic acid, indole-3-acetic acid, ACC deaminase, and various volatile compounds. Indirectly, endophytic bacteria also improve osmotic adjustment, relative water content, and antioxidant activity of inoculated plants. Altogether, these bacterial-mediated drought tolerance and plant growth-promoting processes continue even under severe drought conditions which lead to enhanced plant growth promotion and yield. The present review highlights a natural and environment-friendly strategy in the form of drought-tolerant and plant growth-promoting endophytic bacteria to improve drought tolerance in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abid Ullah
- Department of Botany, University of Malakand, Chakdara Dir Lower, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, 18800, Pakistan. .,National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, People's Republic of China.
| | - Mohammad Nisar
- Department of Botany, University of Malakand, Chakdara Dir Lower, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, 18800, Pakistan
| | - Hazrat Ali
- Department of Zoology, University of Malakand, Chakdara Dir Lower, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, 18800, Pakistan
| | - Ali Hazrat
- Department of Botany, University of Malakand, Chakdara Dir Lower, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, 18800, Pakistan
| | - Kashif Hayat
- Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Ayaz Ali Keerio
- Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Faculty of Crop Production, Sindh Agriculture University, Tando Jam, Hyderabad, Sindh, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Ihsan
- Department of Botany, University of Malakand, Chakdara Dir Lower, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, 18800, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Laiq
- Department of Botany, University of Malakand, Chakdara Dir Lower, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, 18800, Pakistan
| | - Sana Ullah
- Department of Botany, University of Malakand, Chakdara Dir Lower, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, 18800, Pakistan
| | - Shah Fahad
- Department of Agriculture, University of Swabi, Swabi, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Aziz Khan
- Key Laboratory of Plant Genetic and Breeding, College of Agriculture, Guanxi University, Nanning, 530005, Guanxi, China
| | - Aamir Hamid Khan
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Adnan Akbar
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiyan Yang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, People's Republic of China
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Balakrishnan D, Surapaneni M, Mesapogu S, Neelamraju S. Development and use of chromosome segment substitution lines as a genetic resource for crop improvement. TAG. THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS. THEORETISCHE UND ANGEWANDTE GENETIK 2019; 132:1-25. [PMID: 30483819 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-018-3219-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2017] [Accepted: 10/24/2018] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
CSSLs are a complete library of introgression lines with chromosomal segments of usually a distant genotype in an adapted background and are valuable genetic resources for basic and applied research on improvement of complex traits. Chromosome segment substitution lines (CSSLs) are genetic stocks representing the complete genome of any genotype in the background of a cultivar as overlapping segments. Ideally, each CSSL has a single chromosome segment from the donor with a maximum recurrent parent genome recovered in the background. CSSL development program requires population-wide backcross breeding and genome-wide marker-assisted selection followed by selfing. Each line in a CSSL library has a specific marker-defined large donor segment. CSSLs are evaluated for any target phenotype to identify lines significantly different from the parental line. These CSSLs are then used to map quantitative trait loci (QTLs) or causal genes. CSSLs are valuable prebreeding tools for broadening the genetic base of existing cultivars and harnessing the genetic diversity from the wild- and distant-related species. These are resources for genetic map construction, mapping QTLs, genes or gene interactions and their functional analysis for crop improvement. In the last two decades, the utility of CSSLs in identification of novel genomic regions and QTL hot spots influencing a wide range of traits has been well demonstrated in food and commercial crops. This review presents an overview of how CSSLs are developed, their status in major crops and their use in genomic studies and gene discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Divya Balakrishnan
- ICAR- National Professor Project, ICAR- Indian Institute of Rice Research, Hyderabad, India
| | - Malathi Surapaneni
- ICAR- National Professor Project, ICAR- Indian Institute of Rice Research, Hyderabad, India
| | - Sukumar Mesapogu
- ICAR- National Professor Project, ICAR- Indian Institute of Rice Research, Hyderabad, India
| | - Sarla Neelamraju
- ICAR- National Professor Project, ICAR- Indian Institute of Rice Research, Hyderabad, India.
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Formentin E, Barizza E, Stevanato P, Falda M, Massa F, Tarkowskà D, Novák O, Lo Schiavo F. Fast Regulation of Hormone Metabolism Contributes to Salt Tolerance in Rice ( Oryzasativa spp. Japonica, L.) by Inducing Specific Morpho-Physiological Responses. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2018; 7:E75. [PMID: 30223560 PMCID: PMC6161274 DOI: 10.3390/plants7030075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2018] [Revised: 09/10/2018] [Accepted: 09/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Clear evidence has highlighted a role for hormones in the plant stress response, including salt stress. Interplay and cross-talk among different hormonal pathways are of vital importance in abiotic stress tolerance. A genome-wide transcriptional analysis was performed on leaves and roots of three-day salt treated and untreated plants of two Italian rice varieties, Baldo and Vialone Nano, which differ in salt sensitivity. Genes correlated with hormonal pathways were identified and analyzed. The contents of abscisic acid, indoleacetic acid, cytokinins, and gibberellins were measured in roots, stems, and leaves of seedlings exposed for one and three days to salt stress. From the transcriptomic analysis, a huge number of genes emerged as being involved in hormone regulation in response to salt stress. The expression profile of genes involved in biosynthesis, signaling, response, catabolism, and conjugation of phytohormones was analyzed and integrated with the measurements of hormones in roots, stems, and leaves of seedlings. Significant changes in the hormone levels, along with differences in morphological responses, emerged between the two varieties. These results support the faster regulation of hormones metabolism in the tolerant variety that allows a prompt growth reprogramming and the setting up of an acclimation program, leading to specific morpho-physiological responses and growth recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elide Formentin
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, 35131 Padua, Italy.
| | | | - Piergiorgio Stevanato
- Department of Agronomy, Animals, Natural Resources and Environment-DAFNAE, University of Padova, 35020 Legnaro (Padova), Italy.
| | - Marco Falda
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, Viale G.Colombo 3, 35121 Padova, Italy.
| | - Federica Massa
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, 35131 Padua, Italy.
| | - Danuše Tarkowskà
- Laboratory of Growth Regulators, Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Institute of Experimental Botany AS CR & Faculty of Science, Palacký University, Šlechtitelů 27, CZ-78371 Olomouc, Czech Republic.
| | - Ondřej Novák
- Laboratory of Growth Regulators, Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Institute of Experimental Botany AS CR & Faculty of Science, Palacký University, Šlechtitelů 27, CZ-78371 Olomouc, Czech Republic.
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