1
|
Luo Y, Wang X, Zhang D, Zhan L, Li D, Li C, Cong C, Cai H. Overexpression of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase kinase gene MsPPCK1 from Medicago sativa L. increased alkali tolerance of alfalfa by enhancing photosynthetic efficiency and promoting nodule development. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2024; 213:108764. [PMID: 38879983 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2024.108764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2024] [Revised: 05/02/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024]
Abstract
The phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase kinase of Medicago sativa L. (MsPPCK1) modulates the phosphorylation status and activity of the C4 pathway phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase enzyme, which is pivotal for photosynthetic carbon assimilation in plants. This study investigated the role of MsPPCK1 in alfalfa by creating transgenic plants overexpressing MsPPCK1 under the control of the CaMV35S promoter. The enhanced alkali tolerance of transgenic plants indicated an important role of MsPPCK1 gene in regulating plant alkali tolerance. Transgenic plants exhibited heightened antioxidant activity (SOD, POD, and CAT), reduced MDA, H2O2, OFR and REC% content, increased activity of key photosynthetic enzymes (PEPC, PPDK, NADP-ME, and NADP-MDH), and enhanced photosynthetic parameters (Pn, E, Gs, and Ci). Moreover, MsPPCK1 overexpression increased the content of organic acids (oxaloacetic, malic, citric, and succinic acids) in the plants. The upregulation of MsPPCK1 under rhizobial inoculation showcased its other role in nodule development. In transgenic plants, MsDMI2, MsEnod12, and MsNODL4 expression increased, facilitating root nodule development and augmenting plant nodulation. Accelerated root nodule growth positively influences plant growth and yield and enhances alfalfa resistance to alkali stress. This study highlights the pivotal role of MsPPCK1 in fortifying plant alkali stress tolerance and improving yield, underscoring its potential as a key genetic target for developing alkali-tolerant and high-yielding alfalfa varieties.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yaqin Luo
- College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Xinsheng Wang
- College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Depeng Zhang
- College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Lifeng Zhan
- College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Donghuan Li
- College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Chunxin Li
- College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Chunlong Cong
- College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Hua Cai
- College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Sin WC, Liu J, Zhong JY, Lam HM, Lim BL. Comparative proteomics analysis of root and nodule mitochondria of soybean. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2024. [PMID: 39007421 DOI: 10.1111/pce.15026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Revised: 06/18/2024] [Accepted: 06/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024]
Abstract
Legumes perform symbiotic nitrogen fixation through rhizobial bacteroids housed in specialised root nodules. The biochemical process is energy-intensive and consumes a huge carbon source to generate sufficient reducing power. To maintain the symbiosis, malate is supplied by legume nodules to bacteroids as their major carbon and energy source in return for ammonium ions and nitrogenous compounds. To sustain the carbon supply to bacteroids, nodule cells undergo drastic reorganisation of carbon metabolism. Here, a comprehensive quantitative comparison of the mitochondrial proteomes between root nodules and uninoculated roots was performed using data-independent acquisition proteomics, revealing the modulations in nodule mitochondrial proteins and pathways in response to carbon reallocation. Corroborated our findings with that from the literature, we believe nodules preferably allocate cytosolic phosphoenolpyruvates towards malate synthesis in lieu of pyruvate synthesis, and nodule mitochondria prefer malate over pyruvate as the primary source of NADH for ATP production. Moreover, the differential regulation of respiratory chain-associated proteins suggests that nodule mitochondria could enhance the efficiencies of complexes I and IV for ATP synthesis. This study highlighted a quantitative proteomic view of the mitochondrial adaptation in soybean nodules.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wai-Ching Sin
- School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jinhong Liu
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jia Yi Zhong
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China
| | - Hon-Ming Lam
- School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China
| | - Boon Leong Lim
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Adan IH, Asudi GO, Niassy S, Jalloh AA, Mutua JM, Chidawanyika F, Khamis F, Khan Z, Subramanian S, Dubois T, Mutyambai DM. Comparative microbiome diversity in root-nodules of three Desmodium species used in push-pull cropping system. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1395811. [PMID: 38966391 PMCID: PMC11222577 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1395811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Desmodium species used as intercrops in push-pull cropping systems are known to repel insect-pests, suppress Striga species weeds, and shift soil microbiome. However, the mechanisms through which Desmodium species impact the soil microbiome, either through its root exudates, changes in soil nutrition, or shading microbes from its nodules into the rhizosphere, are less understood. Here, we investigated the diversity of root-nodule microbial communities of three Desmodium species- Desmodium uncinatum (SLD), Desmodium intortum (GLD), and Desmodium incanum (AID) which are currently used in smallholder maize push-pull technology (PPT). Methods Desmodium species root-nodule samples were collected from selected smallholder farms in western Kenya, and genomic DNA was extracted from the root-nodules. The amplicons underwent paired-end Illumina sequencing to assess bacterial and fungal populations. Results We found no significant differences in composition and relative abundance of bacterial and fungal species within the root-nodules of the three Desmodium species. While a more pronounced shift was observed for fungal community compositions compared to bacteria, no significant differences were observed in the general diversity (evenness and richness) of fungal and bacterial populations among the three Desmodium species. Similarly, beta diversity was not significantly different among the three Desmodium species. The root-nodule microbiome of the three Desmodium species was dominated by Bradyrhizobium and Fusarium species. Nevertheless, there were significant differences in the proportion of marker gene sequences responsible for energy and amino acid biosynthesis among the three Desmodium species, with higher sequence proportions observed in SLD. Conclusion There is no significant difference in the microbial community of the three Desmodium species used in PPT. However, root-nodule microbiome of SLD had significantly higher marker gene sequences responsible for energy and amino acid biosynthesis. Therefore, it is likely that the root-nodules of the three Desmodium species host similar microbiomes and influence soil health, consequently impacting plant growth and agroecosystem functioning.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Isack H. Adan
- International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology, Nairobi, Kenya
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Biotechnology, Kenyatta University, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - George Ochieng Asudi
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Biotechnology, Kenyatta University, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Saliou Niassy
- Inter-African Phytosanitary Council of the African Union, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Abdul A. Jalloh
- International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology, Nairobi, Kenya
- Department of Zoology and Entomology, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | | | - Frank Chidawanyika
- International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology, Nairobi, Kenya
- Department of Zoology and Entomology, University of Free State, Bloemfontein, South Africa
| | - Fathiya Khamis
- International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Zeyaur Khan
- International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology, Nairobi, Kenya
| | | | - Thomas Dubois
- International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Daniel Munyao Mutyambai
- International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology, Nairobi, Kenya
- Department of Life Science, South Eastern Kenya University, Kitui, Kenya
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Pandey A, Behera SK, Dwivedi S, Singh VK, Pandey V. Assessment of phytodiversity and phytoremediation potential of plants in the vicinity of a thermal power plant. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOREMEDIATION 2024:1-10. [PMID: 38832563 DOI: 10.1080/15226514.2024.2358377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2024]
Abstract
A study was carried out to evaluate phytodiversity along with the metal accumulation potential of native plants growing in the vicinity of a thermal power plant (TPP). We documented 26 tree species, six shrubs, and 35 herbs. Importance value index (IVI), which measures the extent to which a species dominates in an area, was found highest for Senna siamea (95.7) followed by Tectona grandis (56.5), and Pithecellobium dulce (19.6). Soil was acidic (pH 5.4) in nature with higher concentrations of Al and Fe. The pH of ground water was found acidic while pH of nearby river was found slightly alkaline. Values of PM2.5 and PM10 were slightly higher than NAAQS standards for industrial areas. The concentration of metals was found higher in aquatic plants than in terrestrial plants. In general, herbs and shrubs showed more metal accumulation potential than trees. Our results suggest that Senna siamea could be used for revegetation purposes in FA landfills. Further, terrestrial and aquatic plants such as Ageratina adenophora and Stuckenia pectinata could be used for reclamation of Mn, Zn, Al, and Fe from contaminated soils. Hydrilla verticillata (Ni and Mn), Nelumbo nucifera, and Ipomoea aquatica (Cr) can be used for metal removal from contaminated water.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ashutosh Pandey
- Plant Ecology and Climate Change Science Division, CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow, India
- Department of Botany, K.S. Saket P.G. College Ayodhya, Ayodhya, India
| | - Soumit Kumar Behera
- Plant Ecology and Climate Change Science Division, CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
| | - Sanjay Dwivedi
- Plant Ecology and Climate Change Science Division, CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
| | - Vinay Kumar Singh
- Department of Botany, K.S. Saket P.G. College Ayodhya, Ayodhya, India
| | - Vivek Pandey
- Plant Ecology and Climate Change Science Division, CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Amoako FK, Sagervanshi A, Hussain MA, Pitann B, Mühling KH. Transcriptional and physiological analyses uncover the mineralization and uptake mechanisms of phytic acid in symbiotically grown Vicia faba plants. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2024; 211:108723. [PMID: 38749376 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2024.108723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
Legume-rhizobia symbiosis requires high phosphorus (P) in the form of ATP to convert atmospheric nitrogen (N) into ammonia. The fixed ammonia is converted to NH4+ by H+-ATPase via protonation. To the best of our knowledge, most of these research works resort to using only inorganic P (Pi) to the neglect of the organic P (Po) counterpart. As it stands, the potential regulating roles of plasma membrane (PM) H+-ATPases during legume-rhizobia symbiosis in response to phytic acid supply and how it alters and modulates the regulation of PM H+-ATPases remain obscure. To contribute to the above hypothesis, we investigate the mechanisms that coordinately facilitate the growth, uptake, and transcript expression of PM H+-ATPase gene isoforms in response to different P sources when hydroponically grown Vicia faba plants were exposed to three P treatments, viz., low- and high-Pi (2.0 and 200 μM KH2PO4; LPi and HPi), and phytic acid (200 μM; Po) and inoculated with Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. viciae 384 for 30 days. The results consistently reveal that the supply of Po improved not only the growth and biomass, but also enhanced photosynthetic parameters, P uptake and phosphatase activities in symbiotically grown Vicia faba relative to Pi. The supply of Po induced higher transcriptional expression of all PM H+-ATPase gene isoforms, with possible interactions between phosphatases and H+-ATPase genes in Vicia faba plants when exclusively reliant on N derived from nodule symbiosis. Overall, preliminary results suggest that Po could be used as an alternative nutrition in symbiotic crops to improve plant growth.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Frank K Amoako
- Institute of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science, Kiel University, Hermann-Rodewald-Straße 2, 24118, Kiel, Germany
| | - Amit Sagervanshi
- Institute of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science, Kiel University, Hermann-Rodewald-Straße 2, 24118, Kiel, Germany
| | - Md Arif Hussain
- Institute of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science, Kiel University, Hermann-Rodewald-Straße 2, 24118, Kiel, Germany
| | - Britta Pitann
- Institute of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science, Kiel University, Hermann-Rodewald-Straße 2, 24118, Kiel, Germany
| | - Karl H Mühling
- Institute of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science, Kiel University, Hermann-Rodewald-Straße 2, 24118, Kiel, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Mukherjee A, Singh BN, Kaur S, Sharma M, Ferreira de Araújo AS, Pereira APDA, Morya R, Puopolo G, Melo VMM, Verma JP. Unearthing the power of microbes as plant microbiome for sustainable agriculture. Microbiol Res 2024; 286:127780. [PMID: 38970905 DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2024.127780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2024] [Revised: 05/20/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/08/2024]
Abstract
In recent years, research into the complex interactions and crosstalk between plants and their associated microbiota, collectively known as the plant microbiome has revealed the pivotal role of microbial communities for promoting plant growth and health. Plants have evolved intricate relationships with a diverse array of microorganisms inhabiting their roots, leaves, and other plant tissues. This microbiota mainly includes bacteria, archaea, fungi, protozoans, and viruses, forming a dynamic and interconnected network within and around the plant. Through mutualistic or cooperative interactions, these microbes contribute to various aspects of plant health and development. The direct mechanisms of the plant microbiome include the enhancement of plant growth and development through nutrient acquisition. Microbes have the ability to solubilize essential minerals, fix atmospheric nitrogen, and convert organic matter into accessible forms, thereby augmenting the nutrient pool available to the plant. Additionally, the microbiome helps plants to withstand biotic and abiotic stresses, such as pathogen attacks and adverse environmental conditions, by priming the plant's immune responses, antagonizing phytopathogens, and improving stress tolerance. Furthermore, the plant microbiome plays a vital role in phytohormone regulation, facilitating hormonal balance within the plant. This regulation influences various growth processes, including root development, flowering, and fruiting. Microbial communities can also produce secondary metabolites, which directly or indirectly promote plant growth, development, and health. Understanding the functional potential of the plant microbiome has led to innovative agricultural practices, such as microbiome-based biofertilizers and biopesticides, which harness the power of beneficial microorganisms to enhance crop yields while reducing the dependency on chemical inputs. In the present review, we discuss and highlight research gaps regarding the plant microbiome and how the plant microbiome can be used as a source of single and synthetic bioinoculants for plant growth and health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Arpan Mukherjee
- Plant-Microbe Interaction Lab, Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh 221005, India
| | - Bansh Narayan Singh
- Plant-Microbe Interaction Lab, Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh 221005, India
| | - Simranjit Kaur
- Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Richmond, NSW 2753, Australia; Crop Research Centre, Oak Park, Carlow, Ireland
| | - Minaxi Sharma
- CARAH ASBL, Rue Pal Pastur 11, Ath 7800, Belgium; China Beacons of Excellence Research and Innovation Institute (CBI), University of Nottingham Ningbo China, Ningbo 315000, China
| | | | | | - Raj Morya
- Department of Civil and Environmental engineering, Yonsei University, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Gerardo Puopolo
- Center Agriculture Food Environment (C3A), University of Trento, Via Mach 1, San Michele all'Adige 38098, Italy; Research and Innovation center, Fondazione Edmund Mach, Via E. Mach 1, San Michelle all'Adige 38098, Italy
| | - Vânia Maria Maciel Melo
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Federal University of Ceará, Pici, Fortaleza, Ceará 60020-181, Brazil
| | - Jay Prakash Verma
- Plant-Microbe Interaction Lab, Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh 221005, India.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Odeku OA, Ogunniyi QA, Ogbole OO, Fettke J. Forgotten Gems: Exploring the Untapped Benefits of Underutilized Legumes in Agriculture, Nutrition, and Environmental Sustainability. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:1208. [PMID: 38732424 PMCID: PMC11085438 DOI: 10.3390/plants13091208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2024] [Revised: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024]
Abstract
In an era dominated by conventional agricultural practices, underutilized legumes termed "Forgotten Gems" represent a reservoir of untapped benefits with the unique opportunity to diversify agricultural landscapes and enhance global food systems. Underutilized crops are resistant to abiotic environmental conditions such as drought and adapt better to harsh soil and climatic conditions. Underutilized legumes are high in protein and secondary metabolites, highlighting their role in providing critical nutrients and correcting nutritional inadequacies. Their ability to increase dietary variety and food security emerges as a critical component of their importance. Compared to mainstream crops, underutilized legumes have been shown to reduce the environmental impact of climate change. Their capacity for nitrogen fixation and positive impact on soil health make them sustainable contributors to biodiversity conservation and environmental balance. This paper identifies challenges and proposes strategic solutions, showcasing the transformative impact of underutilized legumes on agriculture, nutrition, and sustainability. These "Forgotten Gems" should be recognized, integrated into mainstream agricultural practices, and celebrated for their potential to revolutionize global food production while promoting environmental sustainability.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Oluwatoyin A. Odeku
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, University of Ibadan, Ibadan 200132, Nigeria;
| | - Queeneth A. Ogunniyi
- Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Ibadan, Ibadan 200132, Nigeria; (Q.A.O.); (O.O.O.)
| | - Omonike O. Ogbole
- Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Ibadan, Ibadan 200132, Nigeria; (Q.A.O.); (O.O.O.)
| | - Joerg Fettke
- Biopolymer Analytics, Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Taylor CR, England LC, Keane JB, Davies JAC, Leake JR, Hartley IP, Smart SM, Janes-Bassett V, Phoenix GK. Elevated CO 2 interacts with nutrient inputs to restructure plant communities in phosphorus-limited grasslands. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 2024; 30:e17104. [PMID: 38273555 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.17104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
Globally pervasive increases in atmospheric CO2 and nitrogen (N) deposition could have substantial effects on plant communities, either directly or mediated by their interactions with soil nutrient limitation. While the direct consequences of N enrichment on plant communities are well documented, potential interactions with rising CO2 and globally widespread phosphorus (P) limitation remain poorly understood. We investigated the consequences of simultaneous elevated CO2 (eCO2 ) and N and P additions on grassland biodiversity, community and functional composition in P-limited grasslands. We exposed soil-turf monoliths from limestone and acidic grasslands that have received >25 years of N additions (3.5 and 14 g m-2 year-1 ) and 11 (limestone) or 25 (acidic) years of P additions (3.5 g m-2 year-1 ) to eCO2 (600 ppm) for 3 years. Across both grasslands, eCO2 , N and P additions significantly changed community composition. Limestone communities were more responsive to eCO2 and saw significant functional shifts resulting from eCO2 -nutrient interactions. Here, legume cover tripled in response to combined eCO2 and P additions, and combined eCO2 and N treatments shifted functional dominance from grasses to sedges. We suggest that eCO2 may disproportionately benefit P acquisition by sedges by subsidising the carbon cost of locally intense root exudation at the expense of co-occurring grasses. In contrast, the functional composition of the acidic grassland was insensitive to eCO2 and its interactions with nutrient additions. Greater diversity of P-acquisition strategies in the limestone grassland, combined with a more functionally even and diverse community, may contribute to the stronger responses compared to the acidic grassland. Our work suggests we may see large changes in the composition and biodiversity of P-limited grasslands in response to eCO2 and its interactions with nutrient loading, particularly where these contain a high diversity of P-acquisition strategies or developmentally young soils with sufficient bioavailable mineral P.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christopher R Taylor
- Soil and Ecosystem Ecology, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
- Plants, Photosynthesis and Soil, School of Biosciences, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Luke C England
- Plants, Photosynthesis and Soil, School of Biosciences, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - J Ben Keane
- Plants, Photosynthesis and Soil, School of Biosciences, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
- Department of Environment and Geography, Wentworth Way, University of York, Heslington, York, UK
| | | | - Jonathan R Leake
- Plants, Photosynthesis and Soil, School of Biosciences, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Iain P Hartley
- Geography, Faculty of Environment, Science and Economy, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | | | - Victoria Janes-Bassett
- Geography and Planning, School of Environmental Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Gareth K Phoenix
- Plants, Photosynthesis and Soil, School of Biosciences, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Amoako FK, Sulieman S, Mühling KH. Mineral and Carbon Metabolic Adjustments in Nodules of Symbiotically Grown Faba Bean ( Vicia faba L.) Varieties in Response to Organic Phosphorus Supplementation. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:3888. [PMID: 38005785 PMCID: PMC10675292 DOI: 10.3390/plants12223888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Revised: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023]
Abstract
Phosphorus (P) is a major limiting factor for legume and symbiotic nitrogen fixation (SNF). Although overall adaptations of legumes to P supplementation have been extensively studied in connection with inorganic P, little information is currently available regarding nodulation or SNF responses to organic P (Po) in hydroponics. We investigated the mineral and carbon metabolism of Po-induced nodules of two contrasting faba bean varieties grown hydroponically under inorganic P (Pi), viz., in P-deficient (2 µM KH2PO4, -Pi), sufficient-P (200 µM KH2PO4, +Pi), and phytic acid (200 µM, Po) conditions, and were inoculated with Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. viciae 3841 and grown for 30 days. The results consistently reveal similar growth and biomass partitioning patterns between +Pi and Po, with both varying substantially from -Pi. In comparison, +Pi and Po observed equivalent accumulations of overall elemental P concentrations, with both increasing by 114 and 119%, respectively, relative to -Pi. A principal component analysis on metabolites showed a clear separation of the -Pi treatment from the others, with +Pi and Po correlating closely together, highlighting the nonsignificant differences between them. Additionally, the δ15N abundance of shoots, roots, and nodules was not significantly different between treatments and varieties and exhibited negative δ15N signatures for all tissues. Our study provides a novel perspective on mineral and carbon metabolism and their regulation of the growth, functioning, and reprogramming of nodules upon phytate supply.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Karl H. Mühling
- Institute of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science, Kiel University, Hermann-Rodewald-Straße 2, 24118 Kiel, Germany; (F.K.A.); (S.S.)
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Van Dingenen J, De Keyser A, Desmet S, Clarysse A, Beullens S, Michiels J, Planque M, Goormachtig S. Strigolactones repress nodule development and senescence in pea. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2023; 116:7-22. [PMID: 37608631 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.16421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Revised: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023]
Abstract
Strigolactones are a class of phytohormones that are involved in many different plant developmental processes, including the rhizobium-legume nodule symbiosis. Although both positive and negative effects of strigolactones on the number of nodules have been reported, the influence of strigolactones on nodule development is still unknown. Here, by means of the ramosus (rms) mutants of Pisum sativum (pea) cv Terese, we investigated the impact of strigolactone biosynthesis (rms1 and rms5) and signaling (rms3 and rms4) mutants on nodule growth. The rms mutants had more red, that is, functional, and larger nodules than the wild-type plants. Additionally, the increased nitrogen fixation and senescence zones with consequently reduced meristematic and infection zones indicated that the rms nodules developed faster than the wild-type nodules. An enhanced expression of the nodule zone-specific molecular markers for meristem activity and senescence supported the enlarged, fast maturing nodules. Interestingly, the master nodulation regulator, NODULE INCEPTION, NIN, was strongly induced in nodules of all rms mutants but not prior to inoculation. Determination of sugar levels with both bulk and spatial metabolomics in roots and nodules, respectively, hints at slightly increased malic acid levels early during nodule primordia formation and reduced sugar levels at later stages, possibly the consequence of an increased carbon usage of the enlarged nodules, contributing to the enhanced senescence. Taken together, these results suggest that strigolactones regulate the development of nodules, which is probably mediated through NIN, and available plant sugars.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Judith Van Dingenen
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052, Ghent, Belgium
- Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, 9052, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Annick De Keyser
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052, Ghent, Belgium
- Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, 9052, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Sandrien Desmet
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052, Ghent, Belgium
- Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, 9052, Ghent, Belgium
- VIB Metabolomics Core, VIB, Technologiepark 71, 9052, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Alexander Clarysse
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052, Ghent, Belgium
- Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, 9052, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Serge Beullens
- Centre of Microbial and Plant Genetics, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Center for Microbiology, VIB, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jan Michiels
- Centre of Microbial and Plant Genetics, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Center for Microbiology, VIB, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Mélanie Planque
- Spatial Metabolomics Expertise Center, VIB Center for Cancer Biology, VIB, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Sofie Goormachtig
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052, Ghent, Belgium
- Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, 9052, Ghent, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Lepetit M, Brouquisse R. Control of the rhizobium-legume symbiosis by the plant nitrogen demand is tightly integrated at the whole plant level and requires inter-organ systemic signaling. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1114840. [PMID: 36968361 PMCID: PMC10033964 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1114840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Symbiotic nodules formed on legume roots with rhizobia fix atmospheric N2. Bacteria reduce N2 to NH4 + that is assimilated into amino acids by the plant. In return, the plant provides photosynthates to fuel the symbiotic nitrogen fixation. Symbiosis is tightly adjusted to the whole plant nutritional demand and to the plant photosynthetic capacities, but regulatory circuits behind this control remain poorly understood. The use of split-root systems combined with biochemical, physiological, metabolomic, transcriptomic, and genetic approaches revealed that multiple pathways are acting in parallel. Systemic signaling mechanisms of the plant N demand are required for the control of nodule organogenesis, mature nodule functioning, and nodule senescence. N-satiety/N-deficit systemic signaling correlates with rapid variations of the nodules' sugar levels, tuning symbiosis by C resources allocation. These mechanisms are responsible for the adjustment of plant symbiotic capacities to the mineral N resources. On the one hand, if mineral N can satisfy the plant N demand, nodule formation is inhibited, and nodule senescence is activated. On the other hand, local conditions (abiotic stresses) may impair symbiotic activity resulting in plant N limitation. In these conditions, systemic signaling may compensate the N deficit by stimulating symbiotic root N foraging. In the past decade, several molecular components of the systemic signaling pathways controlling nodule formation have been identified, but a major challenge remains, that is, to understand their specificity as compared to the mechanisms of non-symbiotic plants that control root development and how they contribute to the whole plant phenotypes. Less is known about the control of mature nodule development and functioning by N and C nutritional status of the plant, but a hypothetical model involving the sucrose allocation to the nodule as a systemic signaling process, the oxidative pentose phosphate pathway, and the redox status as potential effectors of this signaling is emerging. This work highlights the importance of organism integration in plant biology.
Collapse
|
12
|
Lu W, Zheng Z, Kang Q, Liu H, Jia H, Yu F, Zhang Y, Han D, Zhang X, Yan X, Huo M, Wang J, Chen Q, Zhao Y, Xin D. Detection of type III effector-induced transcription factors that regulate phytohormone content during symbiosis establishment in soybean. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2023; 175:e13872. [PMID: 36764699 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.13872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Revised: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Soybean is a pivotal protein and oil crop that utilizes atmospheric nitrogen via symbiosis with rhizobium soil bacteria. Rhizobial type III effectors (T3Es) are essential regulators during symbiosis establishment. However, how the transcription factors involved in the interaction between phytohormone synthesis and type III effectors are connected is unclear. To detect the responses of phytohormone and transcription factor genes to rhizobial type III effector NopAA and type III secretion system, the candidate genes underlying soybean symbiosis were identified using RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) and phytohormone content analysis of soybean roots infected with wild-type Rhizobium and its derived T3E mutant. Via RNA-seq analysis the WRKY and ERF transcription factor families were identified as the most differentially expressed factors in the T3E mutant compared with the wild-type. Next, qRT-PCR was used to confirm the candidate genes Glyma.09g282900, Glyma.08g018300, Glyma.18g238200, Glyma.03g116300, Glyma.07g246600, Glyma.16g172400 induced by S. fredii HH103, S. fredii HH103ΩNopAA, and S. fredii HH103ΩRhcN. Since the WRKY and ERF families may regulate abscisic acid (ABA) content and underlying nodule formation, we performed phytohormone content analysis at 0.5 and 24 h post-inoculation (hpi). A significant change in ABA content was found between wild Rhizobium and type III effector mutant. Our results support that NopAA can promote the establishment of symbiosis by affecting the ABA signaling pathways by regulating WRKY and ERF which regulate the phytohormone signaling pathway. Specifically, our work provides insights into a signaling interaction of prokaryotic effector-induced phytohormone response involved in host signaling that regulates the establishment of symbiosis and increases nitrogen utilization efficiency in soybean plants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wencheng Lu
- Soybean Research Institute, Heihe Branch of Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Heihe, China
| | - Zefeng Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology in Chinese Education Ministry, College of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Qinglin Kang
- Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology in Chinese Education Ministry, College of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Hongji Liu
- Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology in Chinese Education Ministry, College of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Hongchang Jia
- Soybean Research Institute, Heihe Branch of Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Heihe, China
| | - Fenghao Yu
- Soybean Research Institute, Heihe Branch of Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Heihe, China
- Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology in Chinese Education Ministry, College of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Yuxin Zhang
- Soybean Research Institute, Heihe Branch of Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Heihe, China
- Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology in Chinese Education Ministry, College of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Dezhi Han
- Soybean Research Institute, Heihe Branch of Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Heihe, China
| | - Xiaoyuan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology in Chinese Education Ministry, College of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Xiaofei Yan
- Soybean Research Institute, Heihe Branch of Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Heihe, China
| | - Mingqi Huo
- Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology in Chinese Education Ministry, College of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Jinhui Wang
- Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology in Chinese Education Ministry, College of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Qingshan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology in Chinese Education Ministry, College of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Ying Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology in Chinese Education Ministry, College of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Dawei Xin
- Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology in Chinese Education Ministry, College of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Li S, Wu C, Liu H, Lyu X, Xiao F, Zhao S, Ma C, Yan C, Liu Z, Li H, Wang X, Gong Z. Systemic regulation of nodule structure and assimilated carbon distribution by nitrate in soybean. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1101074. [PMID: 36814755 PMCID: PMC9939697 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1101074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The nitrate regulates soybean nodulation and nitrogen fixation systemically, mainly in inhibiting nodule growth and reducing nodule nitrogenase activity, but the reason for its inhibition is still inconclusive. METHODS The systemic effect of nitrate on nodule structure, function, and carbon distribution in soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) was studied in a dual-root growth system, with both sides inoculated with rhizobia and only one side subjected to nitrate treatment for four days. The non-nodulating side was genetically devoid of the ability to form nodules. Nutrient solutions with nitrogen concentrations of 0, 100, and 200 mg L-1 were applied as KNO3 to the non-nodulating side, while the nodulating side received a nitrogen-free nutrient solution. Carbon partitioning in roots and nodules was monitored using 13C-labelled CO2. Other nodule responses were measured via the estimation of the nitrogenase activity and the microscopic observation of nodule ultrastructure. RESULTS Elevated concentrations of nitrate applied on the non-nodulating side caused a decrease in the number of bacteroids, fusion of symbiosomes, enlargement of the peribacteroid spaces, and onset of degradation of poly-β-hydroxybutyrate granules, which is a form of carbon storage in bacteroids. These microscopic observations were associated with a strong decrease in the nitrogenase activity of nodules. Furthermore, our data demonstrate that the assimilated carbon is more likely to be allocated to the non-nodulating roots, as follows from the competition for carbon between the symbiotic and non-symbiotic sides of the dual-root system. CONCLUSION We propose that there is no carbon competition between roots and nodules when they are indirectly supplied with nitrate, and that the reduction of carbon fluxes to nodules and roots on the nodulating side is the mechanism by which the plant systemically suppresses nodulation under nitrogen-replete conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sha Li
- College of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Chengbin Wu
- College of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Hao Liu
- College of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Xiaochen Lyu
- College of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Fengsheng Xiao
- College of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Shuhong Zhao
- College of Engineering, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Chunmei Ma
- College of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Chao Yan
- College of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Zhilei Liu
- College of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Hongyu Li
- College of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Xuelai Wang
- College of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Zhenping Gong
- College of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Zhong Y, Tian J, Li X, Liao H. Cooperative interactions between nitrogen fixation and phosphorus nutrition in legumes. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2023; 237:734-745. [PMID: 36324147 DOI: 10.1111/nph.18593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Legumes such as soybean are considered important crops as they provide proteins and oils for humans and livestock around the world. Different from other crops, leguminous crops accumulate nitrogen (N) for plant growth through symbiotic nitrogen fixation (SNF) in coordination with rhizobia. A number of studies have shown that efficient SNF requires the cooperation of other nutrients, especially phosphorus (P), a nutrient deficient in most soils. During the last decades, great progress has been made in understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying the interactions between SNF and P nutrition, specifically through the identification of transporters involved in P transport to nodules and bacteroids, signal transduction, and regulation of P homeostasis in nodules. These studies revealed a distinct N-P interaction in leguminous crops, which is characterized by specific signaling cross talk between P and SNF. This review aimed to present an updated picture of the cross talk between N fixation and P nutrition in legumes, focusing on soybean as a model crop, and Medicago truncatula and Lotus japonicus as model plants. We also discuss the possibilities for enhancing SNF through improving P nutrition, which are important for high and sustainable production of leguminous crops.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yongjia Zhong
- Root Biology Center, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Jiang Tian
- Root Biology Center, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Xinxin Li
- Root Biology Center, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Hong Liao
- Root Biology Center, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Jain D, Jones L, Roy S. Gene editing to improve legume-rhizobia symbiosis in a changing climate. CURRENT OPINION IN PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 71:102324. [PMID: 36535148 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbi.2022.102324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Revised: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
In the last three years, several gene editing techniques have been developed for both model and crop legumes. CRISPR-Cas9-based tools, in particular, are outpacing other comparable gene editing technologies used in legume hosts and their microbial symbionts to understand the molecular basis of symbiotic nitrogen-fixation. Gene editing has helped identify new gene functions, validate genetic screens, resolve gene redundancy, examine the role of tandemly duplicated genes, and investigate symbiotic signaling networks in non-model plants. In this review, we discuss the advances made in understanding the legume-rhizobia symbiosis through the use of gene editing and highlight studies conducted under varying environmental conditions. We reason that future climate-hardy legumes must be able to better integrate environmental signals with nitrogen fixation by fine-tuning long distance signaling, continuing to select efficient rhizobial partners, and adjusting their molecular circuitry to function optimally under variable light and nutrient availability and rising atmospheric carbon dioxide.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Divya Jain
- College of Agriculture, Tennessee State University, Nashville, TN 37209, USA
| | - Lauren Jones
- Noble Research Institute, LLC, Ardmore, OK 73401, USA
| | - Sonali Roy
- College of Agriculture, Tennessee State University, Nashville, TN 37209, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Nakei MD, Venkataramana PB, Ndakidemi PA. Preliminary symbiotic performance of indigenous soybean (Glycine max)-nodulating rhizobia from agricultural soils of Tanzania. FRONTIERS IN SUSTAINABLE FOOD SYSTEMS 2023. [DOI: 10.3389/fsufs.2022.1085843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Globally, the increase in human population continues to threaten the sustainability of agricultural systems. Despite the fast-growing population in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) and the efforts in improving the productivity of crops, the increase in the yield of crops per unit area is still not promising. The productivity of crops is primarily constrained by inadequate levels of soil nutrients to support optimum crop growth and development. However, smallholder farmers occasionally use fertilizers, and the amount applied is usually small and does not meet plant requirements. This is due to the unaffordability of the cost of fertilizers, which is enough to suffice the crop requirement. Therefore, there is a need for alternative affordable and effective fertilization methods for sustainable intensification and improvement of the smallholder farming system's productivity. This study was designed to evaluate the symbiotic performance of indigenous soybean nodulating rhizobia in selected agricultural soils of Tanzania. In total, 217 rhizobia isolates were obtained from three agroecological zones, i.e., eastern, northern, and southern highlands. The isolates collected were screened for N2 fixing abilities under in vitro (nitrogen-free medium) and screen house conditions. The results showed varying capabilities of isolates in nitrogen-fixing both under in vitro and screen house conditions. Under in vitro experiment, 22% of soybean rhizobia isolates were identified to have a nitrogen-fixing capability on an N-free medium, with the highest N2-fixing diameter of 1.87 cm. In the screen house pot experiment, results showed that soybean rhizobia isolate significantly (P < 0.001) influenced different plant growth and yield components, where the average shoot dry weight ranged from 2.49 to 10.98 g, shoot length from 41 to 125.27 cm whilst the number of leaves per plant ranged from 20 to 66. Furthermore, rhizobia isolates significantly (P = 0.038) increased root dry weight from 0.574 to 2.17 g. In the case of symbiotic parameters per plant, the number of nodules was in the range of 0.33–22, nodules dry weight (0.001–0.137 g), shoot nitrogen (2.37–4.97%), total nitrogen (53.59–6.72 g), and fixed nitrogen (46.878–0.15 g) per plant. In addition, the results indicated that 51.39% of the tested bacterial isolates in this study were ranked as highly effective in symbiosis, suggesting that they are promising as potential alternative biofertilizers for soybean production in agricultural soils of Tanzania to increase productivity per unit area while reducing production cost.
Collapse
|
17
|
Fan K, Ferguson BJ, Muñoz NB, Li MW, Lam HM. Editorial: Metabolic adjustments and gene expression reprogramming for symbiotic nitrogen fixation in legume nodules, volume II. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1141269. [PMID: 36760634 PMCID: PMC9903052 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1141269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kejing Fan
- Center for Soybean Research of The State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Brett James Ferguson
- Integrative Legume Research Group, School of Agriculture and Food Sciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | | | - Man-Wah Li
- Center for Soybean Research of The State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Hon-Ming Lam
- Center for Soybean Research of The State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Comparative Metabolomic Profiling of Horse Gram ( Macrotyloma uniflorum (Lam.) Verdc.) Genotypes for Horse Gram Yellow Mosaic Virus Resistance. Metabolites 2023; 13:metabo13020165. [PMID: 36837784 PMCID: PMC9960754 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13020165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Horse gram (Macrotyloma uniflorum (Lam.) Verdc.) is an under-utilized legume grown in India. It is a good source of protein, carbohydrates, dietary fiber, minerals, and vitamins. We screened 252 horse gram germplasm accessions for horse gram yellow mosaic virus resistance using the percent disease index and scaling techniques. The percentage values of highly resistant, moderately resistant, moderately susceptible, susceptible, and highly susceptible were 0.34, 13.89, 38.89, 46.43, and 0.34, respectively. Repetitive trials confirmed the host-plant resistance levels, and yield loss was assessed. The present disease index ranged from 1.2 to 72.0 and 1.2 to 73.0 during the kharif and rabi seasons of 2018, respectively. The maximum percent yield loss was noticed in the HS (75.0 -89.4), while HR possessed the minimum (1.2-2.0). The methanolic leaf extracts of highly resistant and highly susceptible genotypes with essential controls were subjected to gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis. Differential accumulation of metabolites was noticed, and a total of 81 metabolites representing 26 functional groups were identified. Both highly resistant and susceptible genotypes harbored eight unique classes, while ten biomolecules were common. The hierarchical cluster analysis indicated a distinct metabolite profile. Fold change in the common metabolites revealed an enhanced accumulation of sugars, alkanes, and carboxylic acids in the highly resistant genotype. The principal component analysis plots explained 93.7% of the variation. The metabolite profile showed a significant accumulation of three anti-viral (octadecanoic acid, diphenyl sulfone, and 2-Aminooxazole), one insecticidal (9,10-Secocholesta-5,7,10(19)-triene-3,24,25-triol), one antifeedant (cucurbitacin B), and six metabolites with unknown biological function in the highly resistant genotype.
Collapse
|
19
|
Garcia K, Cloghessy K, Cooney DR, Shelley B, Chakraborty S, Kafle A, Busidan A, Sonawala U, Collier R, Jayaraman D, Ané JM, Pilot G. The putative transporter MtUMAMIT14 participates in nodule formation in Medicago truncatula. Sci Rep 2023; 13:804. [PMID: 36646812 PMCID: PMC9842706 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-28160-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Transport systems are crucial in many plant processes, including plant-microbe interactions. Nodule formation and function in legumes involve the expression and regulation of multiple transport proteins, and many are still uncharacterized, particularly for nitrogen transport. Amino acids originating from the nitrogen-fixing process are an essential form of nitrogen for legumes. This work evaluates the role of MtN21 (henceforth MtUMAMIT14), a putative transport system from the MtN21/EamA-like/UMAMIT family, in nodule formation and nitrogen fixation in Medicago truncatula. To dissect this transporter's role, we assessed the expression of MtUMAMIT14 using GUS staining, localized the corresponding protein in M. truncatula root and tobacco leaf cells, and investigated two independent MtUMAMIT14 mutant lines. Our results indicate that MtUMAMIT14 is localized in endosomal structures and is expressed in both the infection zone and interzone of nodules. Comparison of mutant and wild-type M. truncatula indicates MtUMAMIT14, the expression of which is dependent on the presence of NIN, DNF1, and DNF2, plays a role in nodule formation and nitrogen-fixation. While the function of the transporter is still unclear, our results connect root nodule nitrogen fixation in legumes with the UMAMIT family.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Garcia
- Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695-7619, USA.
| | - Kaylee Cloghessy
- Department of Bacteriology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, USA.,Department of Biological Sciences, The University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, 46556, USA
| | - Danielle R Cooney
- Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695-7619, USA
| | - Brett Shelley
- School of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, 24060, USA
| | - Sanhita Chakraborty
- Department of Bacteriology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
| | - Arjun Kafle
- Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695-7619, USA
| | - Aymeric Busidan
- School of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, 24060, USA
| | - Unnati Sonawala
- School of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, 24060, USA
| | - Ray Collier
- Department of Bacteriology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, USA.,Molecular Technologies Department, Wisconsin Crop Innovation Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53562, USA
| | | | - Jean-Michel Ané
- Department of Bacteriology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, USA.,Department of Agronomy, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
| | - Guillaume Pilot
- School of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, 24060, USA
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Paliya S, Mandpe A, Kumar MS, Kumar S, Kumar R. Assessment of polybrominated diphenyl ether contamination and associated human exposure risk at municipal waste dumping sites. ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH 2022; 44:4437-4453. [PMID: 35113302 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-022-01208-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The reports concerning the occurrence and fate of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) at municipal solid waste (MSW) dumping sites are scarce, and considering the Indian context, no study has been conducted to assess PBDE contamination at MSW dumping sites and associated exposure and health risk. Therefore, in the present study, the concentration of PBDE congeners was investigated in soil samples amassed from MSW dumping sites of India and the factors affecting the dissemination of different PBDE congeners in soil were evaluated. Also, the human exposure and health risk through soil intake and dermal contact were also evaluated the first time in India. The total PBDE concentrations from tri- to deBDE congeners in soil ranged from 6.81 to 33.67 μg/g dw and showed a trend towards higher levels of PBDEs in the dumping sites of more populous cities. BDE 183 was found to be the main congener in the soil of the dumping sites. The congener profile in the soil exhibited the composition of the octa- and deBDE technical mixture and possibilities of biological and photodegradation of deBDE into lower brominated congeners. A significant correlation was observed between the measures of BDE 183 and BDE 209 congeners and carbon, nitrogen and hydrogen contents of the soil. The measured exposure doses of PBDEs through soil intake and dermal contact and the hazard index was estimated higher in children as compared to adults, which indicates the increased risk and susceptibility of infants and children to PBDE exposure. The results of the present study revealed that the MSW dumping sites in India are a sink of PBDEs and might have detrimental effects on human health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sonam Paliya
- CSIR-National Environmental Engineering Research Institute (CSIR-NEERI), Nehru Marg, Nagpur, 440 020, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201 002, India
| | - Ashootosh Mandpe
- CSIR-National Environmental Engineering Research Institute (CSIR-NEERI), Nehru Marg, Nagpur, 440 020, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201 002, India
- Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Indore, 453 552, India
| | - Manukonda Suresh Kumar
- CSIR-National Environmental Engineering Research Institute (CSIR-NEERI), Nehru Marg, Nagpur, 440 020, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201 002, India
| | - Sunil Kumar
- CSIR-National Environmental Engineering Research Institute (CSIR-NEERI), Nehru Marg, Nagpur, 440 020, India.
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201 002, India.
| | - Rakesh Kumar
- CSIR-National Environmental Engineering Research Institute (CSIR-NEERI), Nehru Marg, Nagpur, 440 020, India
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Chauke PB, Nciizah AD, Wakindiki IIC, Mudau FN, Madikiza S, Motsepe M, Kgakatsi I. No-till improves selected soil properties, phosphorous availability and utilization efficiency, and soybean yield on some smallholder farms in South Africa. FRONTIERS IN SUSTAINABLE FOOD SYSTEMS 2022. [DOI: 10.3389/fsufs.2022.1009202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Some of the limiting factors for smallholder farmer soybean production in South Africa are low native soil phosphorus (P) availability and poor utilization efficiency of added P. Phosphorus fertilization, use of improved or high yield potential cultivars and appropriate cropping systems could increase soybean yields. The objective of this study was to determine the effects of tillage, cultivar and P fertilization levels on P uptake and P use efficiency, as well as plant growth, yield, grain protein and oil content, in a soybean based cropping system. The study was conducted under dryland conditions at Sheepmoor, Mpumalanga. A field experiment was established in a randomized complete block design. Treatments were arranged in a 2 × 3 × 3 strip-split-plot structure. There were two tillage systems [no-till (NT) and conventional tillage (CT)], three cultivars (PAN 1614R, PAN 1521R, and PAN 1532R), and three phosphorus rates (0, 30, and 60 kg/ha). All treatment combinations were replicated three times. P uptake improved with P application, although there were no differences between 30 and 60 kg/ha whilst PFP was significantly higher at 30 kg/ha P. Yield was significantly higher at 30 kg/ha P application under NT and varied with cultivars. P application at 30 and 60 kg/ha significantly reduced oil content by 11.3 and 7.16%, respectively, but had inverse effects on protein content. The activities of acid phosphatase (ACP) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) also increased with P application. Improvement of soybean yield and its attributes, grain quality, P uptake, PFP, soil physicochemical and microbial properties emphasize the importance of fertilizer application, sustainable cropping systems coupled with careful cultivar selection. Therefore, in order to improve soil fertility and soybean yield under small farm conditions, the application of no-till and optimum application of fertilizers should be prioritized.
Collapse
|
22
|
Taboada-Castro H, Gil J, Gómez-Caudillo L, Escorcia-Rodríguez JM, Freyre-González JA, Encarnación-Guevara S. Rhizobium etli CFN42 proteomes showed isoenzymes in free-living and symbiosis with a different transcriptional regulation inferred from a transcriptional regulatory network. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:947678. [PMID: 36312930 PMCID: PMC9611204 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.947678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
A comparative proteomic study at 6 h of growth in minimal medium (MM) and bacteroids at 18 days of symbiosis of Rhizobium etli CFN42 with the Phaseolus vulgaris leguminous plant was performed. A gene ontology classification of proteins in MM and bacteroid, showed 31 and 10 pathways with higher or equal than 30 and 20% of proteins with respect to genome content per pathway, respectively. These pathways were for energy and environmental compound metabolism, contributing to understand how Rhizobium is adapted to the different conditions. Metabolic maps based on orthology of the protein profiles, showed 101 and 74 functional homologous proteins in the MM and bacteroid profiles, respectively, which were grouped in 34 different isoenzymes showing a great impact in metabolism by covering 60 metabolic pathways in MM and symbiosis. Taking advantage of co-expression of transcriptional regulators (TF’s) in the profiles, by selection of genes whose matrices were clustered with matrices of TF’s, Transcriptional Regulatory networks (TRN´s) were deduced by the first time for these metabolic stages. In these clustered TF-MM and clustered TF-bacteroid networks, containing 654 and 246 proteins, including 93 and 46 TFs, respectively, showing valuable information of the TF’s and their regulated genes with high stringency. Isoenzymes were specific for adaptation to the different conditions and a different transcriptional regulation for MM and bacteroid was deduced. The parameters of the TRNs of these expected biological networks and biological networks of E. coli and B. subtilis segregate from the random theoretical networks. These are useful data to design experiments on TF gene–target relationships for bases to construct a TRN.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hermenegildo Taboada-Castro
- Proteomics Laboratory, Program of Functional Genomics of Prokaryotes, Center for Genomic Sciences, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Jeovanis Gil
- Division of Oncology, Section for Clinical Chemistry, Department of Translational Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Leopoldo Gómez-Caudillo
- Proteomics Laboratory, Program of Functional Genomics of Prokaryotes, Center for Genomic Sciences, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Juan Miguel Escorcia-Rodríguez
- Regulatory Systems Biology Research Group, Program of Systems Biology, Center for Genomic Sciences, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Julio Augusto Freyre-González
- Regulatory Systems Biology Research Group, Program of Systems Biology, Center for Genomic Sciences, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Sergio Encarnación-Guevara
- Proteomics Laboratory, Program of Functional Genomics of Prokaryotes, Center for Genomic Sciences, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
- *Correspondence: Sergio Encarnacion Guevara,
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Microorganisms as New Sources of Energy. ENERGIES 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/en15176365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The use of fossil energy sources has a negative impact on the economic and socio-political stability of specific regions and countries, causing environmental changes due to the emission of greenhouse gases. Moreover, the stocks of mineral energy are limited, causing the demand for new types and forms of energy. Biomass is a renewable energy source and represents an alternative to fossil energy sources. Microorganisms produce energy from the substrate and biomass, i.e., from substances in the microenvironment, to maintain their metabolism and life. However, specialized microorganisms also produce specific metabolites under almost abiotic circumstances that often do not have the immediate task of sustaining their own lives. This paper presents the action of biogenic and biogenic–thermogenic microorganisms, which produce methane, alcohols, lipids, triglycerides, and hydrogen, thus often creating renewable energy from waste biomass. Furthermore, some microorganisms acquire new or improved properties through genetic interventions for producing significant amounts of energy. In this way, they clean the environment and can consume greenhouse gases. Particularly suitable are blue-green algae or cyanobacteria but also some otherwise pathogenic microorganisms (E. coli, Klebsiella, and others), as well as many other specialized microorganisms that show an incredible ability to adapt. Microorganisms can change the current paradigm, energy–environment, and open up countless opportunities for producing new energy sources, especially hydrogen, which is an ideal energy source for all systems (biological, physical, technological). Developing such energy production technologies can significantly change the already achieved critical level of greenhouse gases that significantly affect the climate.
Collapse
|
24
|
Cao HR, Peng WT, Nie MM, Bai S, Chen CQ, Liu Q, Guo ZL, Liao H, Chen ZC. Carbon-nitrogen trading in symbiotic nodules depends on magnesium import. Curr Biol 2022; 32:4337-4349.e5. [PMID: 36055239 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2022.08.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Revised: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Symbiotic nitrogen fixation provides large amounts of nitrogen for global agricultural systems with little environmental or economic costs. The basis of symbiosis is the nutrient exchange occurring between legumes and rhizobia, but key regulators controlling nutrient exchange are largely unknown. Here, we reveal that magnesium (Mg), an important nutrient factor that preferentially accumulates in inner cortical cells of soybean nodules, shows the most positive correlation with nodule carbon (C) import and nitrogen (N) export. We further identified a pair of Mg transporter genes, GmMGT4 and GmMGT5, that are specifically expressed in the nodule cortex, modulating both nodule Mg import and C-N transport processes. The GmMGT4&5-dependent Mg import activates the activity of a plasmodesmata-located β-1,3-glucanase GmBG2 and consequently keeps plasmodesmata permeable for C-N transport in nodule inner cortical cells. Our studies discovered an important regulating pathway for host plants fine-tuning nodule C-N trading to achieve optimal growth, which may be helpful for optimizing nutrient management for soybean production.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Rui Cao
- Root Biology Center, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Wen-Ting Peng
- Root Biology Center, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Miao-Miao Nie
- Root Biology Center, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Shuang Bai
- Root Biology Center, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Chun-Qu Chen
- Root Biology Center, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Qian Liu
- College of Plant Protection, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Zi-Long Guo
- Root Biology Center, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Hong Liao
- Root Biology Center, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Zhi-Chang Chen
- Root Biology Center, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Zhang R, Xu X, Lyu Y, Zhou Y, Chen Q, Sun W. Impacts of engineered nanoparticles and antibiotics on denitrification: Element cycling functional genes and antibiotic resistance genes. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2022; 241:113787. [PMID: 35738104 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.113787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2022] [Revised: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The wide presence of antibiotics and minerals warrants their combined effects on the denitrification in natural aquatic environment. Herein, we investigated the effects of two antibiotics, sulfamethazine (SMZ) and chlortetracycline (CTC), on the reduction of NO3--N and accumulation of NO2--N in the absence and presence of engineered nanoparticles (NPs) (Al2O3, SiO2, and geothite) using 16 S rRNA sequencing and high-throughput quantitative PCR. The results showed that the addition of antibiotics inhibited the reduction of NO3--N by changing the bacterial community structure and reducing the abundance of denitrification genes, while engineered NPs promoted the denitrification by increasing the abundance of denitrification genes. In the binary systems, engineered NPs alleviated the inhibitory effect of antibiotics through enriching the denitrification genes and adsorbing antibiotics. Antibiotics and its combination with engineered NPs changed the composition of functional genes related to C, N, P, S metabolisms (p < 0.01). The addition of antibiotics and/or engineered NPs altered the bacterial community structure, which is dominated by the genera of Enterobacter (40.7-90.5%), Bacillus (4.9-58.5%), and Pseudomonas (0.21-12.7%). The significant relationship between denitrification, carbon metabolism genes, and antibiotic resistance genes revealed that the heterotrophic denitrifying bacteria may host the antibiotic resistance genes and denitrification genes simultaneously. The findings underscore the significance of engineered NPs in the toxicity assessment of pollutants, and provide a more realistic insight into the toxicity of antibiotics in the natural aquatic environment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ruijie Zhang
- College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China; International Joint Laboratory for Regional Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100871, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of All Material Fluxes in River Ecosystems, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Xuming Xu
- College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China; International Joint Laboratory for Regional Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100871, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of All Material Fluxes in River Ecosystems, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Yitao Lyu
- College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China; International Joint Laboratory for Regional Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100871, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of All Material Fluxes in River Ecosystems, Beijing 100871, China; The Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Ying Zhou
- College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China; International Joint Laboratory for Regional Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100871, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of All Material Fluxes in River Ecosystems, Beijing 100871, China; The Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Qian Chen
- College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China; International Joint Laboratory for Regional Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100871, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of All Material Fluxes in River Ecosystems, Beijing 100871, China; The Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Weiling Sun
- College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China; International Joint Laboratory for Regional Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100871, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of All Material Fluxes in River Ecosystems, Beijing 100871, China; The Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100871, China.
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Microbial Inoculation Improves Growth, Nutritional and Physiological Aspects of Glycine max (L.) Merr. Microorganisms 2022; 10:microorganisms10071386. [PMID: 35889105 PMCID: PMC9316164 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10071386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Revised: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Considering a scenario where there is a low availability and increasing costs of fertilizers in the global agricultural market, as well as a finitude of important natural resources, such as phosphorus (P), this study tested the effect of the inoculation of rhizospheric or endophytic microorganisms isolated from Hymenaea courbaril and Butia purpurascens on the growth promotion of Glycine max (L.) Merr. The tests were conducted in a controlled greenhouse system, and the effects of biofertilization were evaluated using the following parameters: dry biomass, nutritional content, and photochemical and photosynthetic performance of plants. Seed biopriming was performed with four bacterial and four fungal isolates, and the results were compared to those of seeds treated with the commercial product Biomaphos®. Overall, microbial inoculation had a positive effect on biomass accumulation in G. max, especially in strains PA12 (Paenibacillus alvei), SC5 (Bacillus cereus), and SC15 (Penicillium sheari). The non-inoculated control plants accumulated less nutrients, both in the whole plant and aerial part, and had reduced chlorophyll index and low photosynthetic rate (A) and photochemical efficiency. Strains PA12 (P. alvei), SC5 (B. cereus), and 328EF (Codinaeopsis sp.) stood out in the optimization of nutrient concentration, transpiration rate, and stomatal conductance. Plants inoculated with the bacterial strains PA12 (P. alvei) and SC5 (B. cereus) and with the fungal strains 328EF (Codinaeopsis sp.) and SC15 (P. sheari) showed the closest pattern to that observed in plants treated with Biomaphos®, with the same trend of direction of the means associated with chlorophyll index, (A), dry mass, and concentration of important nutrients such as N, P, and Mg. We recommend the use of these isolates in field tests to validate these strains for the production of biological inoculants as part of the portfolio of bioinputs available for G. max.
Collapse
|
27
|
Wekesa C, Jalloh AA, Muoma JO, Korir H, Omenge KM, Maingi JM, Furch ACU, Oelmüller R. Distribution, Characterization and the Commercialization of Elite Rhizobia Strains in Africa. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23126599. [PMID: 35743041 PMCID: PMC9223902 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23126599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Revised: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Grain legumes play a significant role in smallholder farming systems in Africa because of their contribution to nutrition and income security and their role in fixing nitrogen. Biological Nitrogen Fixation (BNF) serves a critical role in improving soil fertility for legumes. Although much research has been conducted on rhizobia in nitrogen fixation and their contribution to soil fertility, much less is known about the distribution and diversity of the bacteria strains in different areas of the world and which of the strains achieve optimal benefits for the host plants under specific soil and environmental conditions. This paper reviews the distribution, characterization, and commercialization of elite rhizobia strains in Africa.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Clabe Wekesa
- Matthias Schleiden Institute of Genetics, Bioinformatics and Molecular Botany and Plant Physiology, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Dornburger Str. 159, 07743 Jena, Germany; (C.W.); (K.M.O.); (A.C.U.F.)
| | - Abdul A. Jalloh
- International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology, P.O. Box 30772, Nairobi 00100, Kenya;
| | - John O. Muoma
- Department of Biological Sciences, Masinde Muliro University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 190, Kakamega 50100, Kenya;
| | - Hezekiah Korir
- Crops, Horticulture and Soils Department, Egerton University, P.O. Box 536, Egerton 20115, Kenya;
| | - Keziah M. Omenge
- Matthias Schleiden Institute of Genetics, Bioinformatics and Molecular Botany and Plant Physiology, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Dornburger Str. 159, 07743 Jena, Germany; (C.W.); (K.M.O.); (A.C.U.F.)
| | - John M. Maingi
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Biotechnology, Kenyatta University, P.O. Box 43844, Nairobi 00100, Kenya;
| | - Alexandra C. U. Furch
- Matthias Schleiden Institute of Genetics, Bioinformatics and Molecular Botany and Plant Physiology, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Dornburger Str. 159, 07743 Jena, Germany; (C.W.); (K.M.O.); (A.C.U.F.)
| | - Ralf Oelmüller
- Matthias Schleiden Institute of Genetics, Bioinformatics and Molecular Botany and Plant Physiology, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Dornburger Str. 159, 07743 Jena, Germany; (C.W.); (K.M.O.); (A.C.U.F.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-3641949232
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Fan W, Xia C, Wang S, Liu J, Deng L, Sun S, Wang X. Rhizobial infection of 4C cells triggers their endoreduplication during symbiotic nodule development in soybean. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2022; 234:1018-1030. [PMID: 35175637 DOI: 10.1111/nph.18036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Symbiosis between legumes and rhizobia results in the formation of nitrogen-fixing root nodules. Endoreduplication is essential for nodule development and efficient nitrogen fixation; however, the cellular mechanism by which rhizobial infection causes endoreduplication in symbiotic nodules and the roles of the resulting polyploid cells in nitrogen fixation remain largely unknown. Here, we developed a series of different approaches to separate infected cells (ICs) and uninfected cells (UCs) and determined their ploidy levels in soybean (Glycine max) developing nodules. We demonstrated that 4C nuclei exist in both UCs and ICs of developing nodules and that these 4C cells are primarily invaded by rhizobia and subsequently undergo endoreduplication. Furthermore, RNA-sequencing analysis of nuclei with different ploidy levels from soybean nodules at 12 d post-infection (dpi) and 20 dpi showed that 4C cells are predominantly ICs in 12-dpi nodules but UCs in 20-dpi nodules. We conclude that the infection of 4C cells by rhizobia is critical for initiating endoreduplication. These findings provide significant insight into rhizobial infection, nodule endoreduplication and nitrogen fixation in symbiotic nodules.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Fan
- College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China
| | - Chunjiao Xia
- College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Shixiang Wang
- College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Jing Liu
- College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China
| | - Lijun Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China
| | - Shiyong Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China
| | - Xuelu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Nakei MD, Venkataramana PB, Ndakidemi PA. Soybean-Nodulating Rhizobia: Ecology, Characterization, Diversity, and Growth Promoting Functions. FRONTIERS IN SUSTAINABLE FOOD SYSTEMS 2022. [DOI: 10.3389/fsufs.2022.824444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The worldwide increase in population continues to threaten the sustainability of agricultural systems since agricultural output must be optimized to meet the global rise in food demand. Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) is among the regions with a fast-growing population but decreasing crop productivity. Pests and diseases, as well as inadequate nitrogen (N) levels in soils, are some of the biggest restrictions to agricultural production in SSA. N is one of the most important plant-limiting elements in agricultural soils, and its deficit is usually remedied by using nitrogenous fertilizers. However, indiscriminate use of these artificial N fertilizers has been linked to environmental pollution calling for alternative N fertilization mechanisms. Soybean (Glycine max) is one of the most important legumes in the world. Several species of rhizobia from the four genera, Bardyrhizobium, Rhizobium, Mesorhizobium, and Ensifer (formerly Sinorhizobium), are observed to effectively fix N with soybean as well as perform various plant-growth promoting (PGP) functions. The efficiency of the symbiosis differs with the type of rhizobia species, soybean cultivar, and biotic factors. Therefore, a complete understanding of the ecology of indigenous soybean-nodulating rhizobia concerning their genetic diversity and the environmental factors associated with their localization and dominance in the soil is important. This review aimed to understand the potential of indigenous soybean-nodulating rhizobia through a synthesis of the literature regarding their characterization using different approaches, genetic diversity, symbiotic effectiveness, as well as their functions in biological N fixation (BNF) and biocontrol of soybean soil-borne pathogens.
Collapse
|
30
|
Achom M, Roy P, Lagunas B, Picot E, Richards L, Bonyadi-Pour R, Pardal AJ, Baxter L, Richmond BL, Aschauer N, Fletcher EM, Rowson M, Blackwell J, Rich-Griffin C, Mysore KS, Wen J, Ott S, Carré IA, Gifford ML. Plant circadian clock control of Medicago truncatula nodulation via regulation of nodule cysteine-rich peptides. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2022; 73:2142-2156. [PMID: 34850882 PMCID: PMC8982390 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erab526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Legumes house nitrogen-fixing endosymbiotic rhizobia in specialized polyploid cells within root nodules, which undergo tightly regulated metabolic activity. By carrying out expression analysis of transcripts over time in Medicago truncatula nodules, we found that the circadian clock enables coordinated control of metabolic and regulatory processes linked to nitrogen fixation. This involves the circadian clock-associated transcription factor LATE ELONGATED HYPOCOTYL (LHY), with lhy mutants being affected in nodulation. Rhythmic transcripts in root nodules include a subset of nodule-specific cysteine-rich peptides (NCRs) that have the LHY-bound conserved evening element in their promoters. Until now, studies have suggested that NCRs act to regulate bacteroid differentiation and keep the rhizobial population in check. However, these conclusions came from the study of a few members of this very large gene family that has complex diversified spatio-temporal expression. We suggest that rhythmic expression of NCRs may be important for temporal coordination of bacterial activity with the rhythms of the plant host, in order to ensure optimal symbiosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mingkee Achom
- School of Life Sciences, Gibbet Hill Road, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK
| | - Proyash Roy
- School of Life Sciences, Gibbet Hill Road, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK
- Department of Genetic Engineering & Biotechnology, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Beatriz Lagunas
- School of Life Sciences, Gibbet Hill Road, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK
| | - Emma Picot
- School of Life Sciences, Gibbet Hill Road, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK
| | - Luke Richards
- School of Life Sciences, Gibbet Hill Road, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK
| | - Roxanna Bonyadi-Pour
- School of Life Sciences, Gibbet Hill Road, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK
| | - Alonso J Pardal
- Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK
| | - Laura Baxter
- School of Life Sciences, Gibbet Hill Road, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK
| | - Bethany L Richmond
- School of Life Sciences, Gibbet Hill Road, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK
| | - Nadine Aschauer
- School of Life Sciences, Gibbet Hill Road, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK
| | - Eleanor M Fletcher
- School of Life Sciences, Gibbet Hill Road, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Bristol, 24 Tyndall Avenue, Bristol BS8 1TQ, UK
| | - Monique Rowson
- School of Life Sciences, Gibbet Hill Road, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK
| | - Joseph Blackwell
- School of Life Sciences, Gibbet Hill Road, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK
| | - Charlotte Rich-Griffin
- School of Life Sciences, Gibbet Hill Road, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7BN, UK
| | - Kirankumar S Mysore
- Institute for Agricultural Biosciences, Oklahoma State University, Ardmore, OK 73401, USA
| | - Jiangqi Wen
- Institute for Agricultural Biosciences, Oklahoma State University, Ardmore, OK 73401, USA
| | - Sascha Ott
- Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK
| | - Isabelle A Carré
- School of Life Sciences, Gibbet Hill Road, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK
| | - Miriam L Gifford
- School of Life Sciences, Gibbet Hill Road, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK
- Warwick Integrative Synthetic Biology Centre, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Geraldo R, Santos CS, Pinto E, Vasconcelos MW. Widening the Perspectives for Legume Consumption: The Case of Bioactive Non-nutrients. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:772054. [PMID: 35222459 PMCID: PMC8866194 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.772054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Legume grains have provided essential nutrients in human diets for centuries, being excellent sources of proteins, carbohydrates, fatty acids, and fibers. They also contain several non-nutrients that historically have been connotated as toxic but that in recent years have been shown to have interesting bioactive properties. The discussion on the role of bioactive non-nutrients is becoming more important due to increasing science-based evidence on their potential antioxidant, hypoglycemic, hypolipidemic, and anticarcinogenic properties. At a time when legume-based products consumption is being strongly promoted by national governments and health authorities, there is a need to clearly define the recommended levels of such non-nutrients in human diets. However, there is insufficient data determining the ideal amount of non-nutrients in legume grains, which will exert the most positive health benefits. This is aligned with insufficient studies that clearly demonstrate if the positive health effects are due to the presence of specific non-nutrients or a result of a dietary balance. In fact, rather than looking directly at the individual food components, most nutritional epidemiology studies relate disease risk with the food and dietary patterns. The purpose of this perspective paper is to explore different types of non-nutrients present in legume grains, discuss the current evidence on their health benefits, and provide awareness for the need for more studies to define a recommended amount of each compound to identify the best approaches, either to enhance or reduce their levels.
Collapse
|
32
|
Lu MZ, Carter AM, Tegeder M. Altering ureide transport in nodulated soybean results in whole-plant adjustments of metabolism, assimilate partitioning, and sink strength. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2022; 269:153613. [PMID: 35033961 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2021.153613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Revised: 12/24/2021] [Accepted: 12/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Legumes develop a symbiotic relationship with bacteria that are housed in root nodules and fix atmospheric di-nitrogen (N2) to ammonia. In soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) nodules, the final products of nitrogen (N) fixation are amino acids, and the ureides allantoin and allantoic acid that also serve as the major long-distance N transport forms. Recently, we have shown that increased expression of UPS1 (ureide permease 1) in soybean nodules results in enhanced ureide export from nodules with positive effects on N fixation and seed yield. Here, we demonstrate that changes in the ureide transport processes trigger alterations in allantoin and allantoic acid pools and partitioning throughout the transgenic plants. They further result in adjustments in amino acid availability in, and translocation to, root and shoot sinks. In addition, leaf carbon (C) capture, assimilation and allocation to sinks are improved, accommodating the increased nodule function, and root and shoot growth. Overall, we demonstrate that enhanced ureide partitioning in nodulated soybean leads to a complex rebalancing of N and C acquisition, metabolism, and transport processes with positive consequences for above- and below-ground vegetative biomass, and whole-plant N and C gains.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Zhu Lu
- School of Biological Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, 99164, USA.
| | - Amanda M Carter
- School of Biological Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, 99164, USA.
| | - Mechthild Tegeder
- School of Biological Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, 99164, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Yang Z, Du H, Xing X, Li W, Kong Y, Li X, Zhang C. A small heat shock protein, GmHSP17.9, from nodule confers symbiotic nitrogen fixation and seed yield in soybean. PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL 2022; 20:103-115. [PMID: 34487637 PMCID: PMC8710831 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.13698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Revised: 08/11/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Legume-rhizobia symbiosis enables biological nitrogen fixation to improve crop production for sustainable agriculture. Small heat shock proteins (sHSPs) are involved in multiple environmental stresses and plant development processes. However, the role of sHSPs in nodule development in soybean remains largely unknown. In the present study, we identified a nodule-localized sHSP, called GmHSP17.9, in soybean, which was markedly up-regulated during nodule development. GmHSP17.9 was specifically expressed in the infected regions of the nodules. GmHSP17.9 overexpression and RNAi in transgenic composite plants and loss of function in CRISPR-Cas9 gene-editing mutant plants in soybean resulted in remarkable alterations in nodule number, nodule fresh weight, nitrogenase activity, contents of poly β-hydroxybutyrate bodies (PHBs), ureide and total nitrogen content, which caused significant changes in plant growth and seed yield. GmHSP17.9 was also found to act as a chaperone for its interacting partner, GmNOD100, a sucrose synthase in soybean nodules which was also preferentially expressed in the infected zone of nodules, similar to GmHSP17.9. Functional analysis of GmNOD100 in composite transgenic plants revealed that GmNOD100 played an essential role in soybean nodulation. The hsp17.9 lines showed markedly more reduced sucrose synthase activity, lower contents of UDP-glucose and acetyl coenzyme A (acetyl-CoA), and decreased activity of succinic dehydrogenase (SDH) in the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle in nodules due to the missing interaction with GmNOD100. Our findings reveal an important role and an unprecedented molecular mechanism of sHSPs in nodule development and nitrogen fixation in soybean.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhanwu Yang
- North China Key Laboratory for Germplasm Resources of Education MinistryCollege of AgronomyHebei Agricultural UniversityBaodingChina
| | - Hui Du
- North China Key Laboratory for Germplasm Resources of Education MinistryCollege of AgronomyHebei Agricultural UniversityBaodingChina
| | - Xinzhu Xing
- North China Key Laboratory for Germplasm Resources of Education MinistryCollege of AgronomyHebei Agricultural UniversityBaodingChina
| | - Wenlong Li
- North China Key Laboratory for Germplasm Resources of Education MinistryCollege of AgronomyHebei Agricultural UniversityBaodingChina
| | - Youbin Kong
- North China Key Laboratory for Germplasm Resources of Education MinistryCollege of AgronomyHebei Agricultural UniversityBaodingChina
| | - Xihuan Li
- North China Key Laboratory for Germplasm Resources of Education MinistryCollege of AgronomyHebei Agricultural UniversityBaodingChina
| | - Caiying Zhang
- North China Key Laboratory for Germplasm Resources of Education MinistryCollege of AgronomyHebei Agricultural UniversityBaodingChina
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Buoso S, Zamboni A, Franco A, Commisso M, Guzzo F, Varanini Z, Pinton R, Tomasi N, Zanin L. Nodulating white lupins take advantage of the reciprocal interplay between N and P nutritional responses. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2022; 174:e13607. [PMID: 34837246 PMCID: PMC9303408 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.13607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Revised: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The low bioavailability of nutrients, especially nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P), is one of the most limiting factors for crop production. In this study, under N- and P-free nutrient solution (-N-P), nodulating white lupin plants developed some nodules and analogous cluster root structures characterized by different morphological, physiological, and molecular responses than those observed upon single nutrient deficiency (strong acidification of external media, a better nutritional status than -N+P and +N-P plants). The multi-elemental analysis highlighted that the concentrations of nutrients in white lupin plants were mainly affected by P availability. Gene-expression analyses provided evidence of interconnections between N and P nutritional pathways that are active to promote N and P balance in plants. The root exudome was mainly characterized by N availability in nutrient solution, and, in particular, the absence of N and P in the nutrient solution triggered a high release of phenolic compounds, nucleosides monophosphate and saponines by roots. These morphological, physiological, and molecular responses result from a close interplay between N and P nutritional pathways. They contribute to the good development of nodulating white lupin plants when grown on N- and P-free media. This study provides evidence that limited N and P availability in the nutrient solution can promote white lupin-Bradyrhizobium symbiosis, which is favourable for the sustainability of legume production.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sara Buoso
- Department of Agricultural, Food, Environmental and Animal SciencesUniversity of UdineUdineItaly
| | - Anita Zamboni
- Department of BiotechnologyUniversity of VeronaVeronaItaly
| | - Alessandro Franco
- Department of Agricultural, Food, Environmental and Animal SciencesUniversity of UdineUdineItaly
| | - Mauro Commisso
- Department of BiotechnologyUniversity of VeronaVeronaItaly
| | - Flavia Guzzo
- Department of BiotechnologyUniversity of VeronaVeronaItaly
| | - Zeno Varanini
- Department of BiotechnologyUniversity of VeronaVeronaItaly
| | - Roberto Pinton
- Department of Agricultural, Food, Environmental and Animal SciencesUniversity of UdineUdineItaly
| | - Nicola Tomasi
- Department of Agricultural, Food, Environmental and Animal SciencesUniversity of UdineUdineItaly
| | - Laura Zanin
- Department of Agricultural, Food, Environmental and Animal SciencesUniversity of UdineUdineItaly
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Salmeron-Santiago IA, Martínez-Trujillo M, Valdez-Alarcón JJ, Pedraza-Santos ME, Santoyo G, Pozo MJ, Chávez-Bárcenas AT. An Updated Review on the Modulation of Carbon Partitioning and Allocation in Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Plants. Microorganisms 2021; 10:75. [PMID: 35056524 PMCID: PMC8781679 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10010075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Revised: 12/24/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) are obligate biotrophs that supply mineral nutrients to the host plant in exchange for carbon derived from photosynthesis. Sucrose is the end-product of photosynthesis and the main compound used by plants to translocate photosynthates to non-photosynthetic tissues. AMF alter carbon distribution in plants by modifying the expression and activity of key enzymes of sucrose biosynthesis, transport, and/or catabolism. Since sucrose is essential for the maintenance of all metabolic and physiological processes, the modifications addressed by AMF can significantly affect plant development and stress responses. AMF also modulate plant lipid biosynthesis to acquire storage reserves, generate biomass, and fulfill its life cycle. In this review we address the most relevant aspects of the influence of AMF on sucrose and lipid metabolism in plants, including its effects on sucrose biosynthesis both in photosynthetic and heterotrophic tissues, and the influence of sucrose on lipid biosynthesis in the context of the symbiosis. We present a hypothetical model of carbon partitioning between plants and AMF in which the coordinated action of sucrose biosynthesis, transport, and catabolism plays a role in the generation of hexose gradients to supply carbon to AMF, and to control the amount of carbon assigned to the fungus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Juan J. Valdez-Alarcón
- Centro Multidisciplinario de Estudios en Biotecnología, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Morelia 58880, Mexico;
| | - Martha E. Pedraza-Santos
- Facultad de Agrobiología “Presidente Juárez”, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Uruapan 60170, Mexico;
| | - Gustavo Santoyo
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químico Biológicas, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Morelia 58030, Mexico;
| | - María J. Pozo
- Departamento de Microbiología del Suelo y Sistemas Simbióticos, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, CSIC, 18008 Granada, Spain
| | - Ana T. Chávez-Bárcenas
- Facultad de Agrobiología “Presidente Juárez”, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Uruapan 60170, Mexico;
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Gómez-Godínez LJ, Martínez-Romero E, Banuelos J, Arteaga-Garibay RI. Tools and challenges to exploit microbial communities in agriculture. CURRENT RESEARCH IN MICROBIAL SCIENCES 2021; 2:100062. [PMID: 34841352 PMCID: PMC8610360 DOI: 10.1016/j.crmicr.2021.100062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Revised: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Plants contain diverse microbial communities. The associated microorganisms confer advantages to the host plant, which include growth promotion, nutrient absorption, stress tolerance, and pathogen and disease resistance. In this review, we explore how agriculture is implementing the use of microbial inoculants (single species or consortia) to improve crop yields, and discuss current strategies to study plant-associated microorganisms and how their diversity varies under unconventional agriculture. It is predicted that microbial inoculation will continue to be used in agriculture.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lorena Jacqueline Gómez-Godínez
- Laboratorio de Recursos Genéticos Microbianos, Centro Nacional de Recursos Genéticos. Instituto Nacional de Investigación Forestales, Agrícolas y Pecuarios. Boulevard de la Biodiversidad 400, Rancho las Cruces, C.P. 47600. Tepatitlán de Morelos, Jalisco, México
| | - Esperanza Martínez-Romero
- Centro de Ciencias genómicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Campus Morelos, Cuernavaca, Morelos México
| | - Jacob Banuelos
- Laboratorio de Organismos Benéficos, Facultad de Ciencias Agrícolas, Universidad Veracruzana. Circuito Aguirre Beltrán SN, Col. Universitaria, CP 91000, Xalapa, Veracruz, México
| | - Ramón I. Arteaga-Garibay
- Laboratorio de Recursos Genéticos Microbianos, Centro Nacional de Recursos Genéticos. Instituto Nacional de Investigación Forestales, Agrícolas y Pecuarios. Boulevard de la Biodiversidad 400, Rancho las Cruces, C.P. 47600. Tepatitlán de Morelos, Jalisco, México
- Corresponding authors.
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Comparative Study between Traditional and Nano Calcium Phosphate Fertilizers on Growth and Production of Snap Bean ( Phaseolus vulgaris L.) Plants. NANOMATERIALS 2021; 11:nano11112913. [PMID: 34835677 PMCID: PMC8625305 DOI: 10.3390/nano11112913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Revised: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Recently, nanofertilizers are being tested as a new technology, either for soil or foliar applications, to improve food production and with a reduced environmental impact. Nano calcium phosphate (NCaP) was successfully synthesized, characterized and applied in this study. A pot experiment was carried out in two successive seasons in 2016 and 2017 on (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) plants to obtain the best phosphorus treatments. The results were applied in a field experiment during the 2018-2019 season. Single superphosphate (SSP) at 30 and 60 kg P2O5 fed-1 and NCaP at 10%, 20% and 30% from the recommended dose were applied to the soil. Foliar application involved both monoammonium phosphate (MAP) at one rate of 2.5 g L-1 and NCaP at 5% and 10% from the MAP rate. The results of all experiments showed that NCaP significantly increased the shoot and root dry weights, the nutrient content in the shoot and root, the yield components, the nutrient concentration and crude protein percentage in pods of the snap bean plants compared with traditional P. The greatest increase was obtained from a 20% NCaP soil application in combination with a 5% NCaP foliar application. The present study recommends using NCaP as an alternative source of P to mitigate the negative effects of traditional sources.
Collapse
|
38
|
Nadarajah K, Abdul Rahman NSN. Plant-Microbe Interaction: Aboveground to Belowground, from the Good to the Bad. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms221910388. [PMID: 34638728 PMCID: PMC8508622 DOI: 10.3390/ijms221910388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Revised: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Soil health and fertility issues are constantly addressed in the agricultural industry. Through the continuous and prolonged use of chemical heavy agricultural systems, most agricultural lands have been impacted, resulting in plateaued or reduced productivity. As such, to invigorate the agricultural industry, we would have to resort to alternative practices that will restore soil health and fertility. Therefore, in recent decades, studies have been directed towards taking a Magellan voyage of the soil rhizosphere region, to identify the diversity, density, and microbial population structure of the soil, and predict possible ways to restore soil health. Microbes that inhabit this region possess niche functions, such as the stimulation or promotion of plant growth, disease suppression, management of toxicity, and the cycling and utilization of nutrients. Therefore, studies should be conducted to identify microbes or groups of organisms that have assigned niche functions. Based on the above, this article reviews the aboveground and below-ground microbiomes, their roles in plant immunity, physiological functions, and challenges and tools available in studying these organisms. The information collected over the years may contribute toward future applications, and in designing sustainable agriculture.
Collapse
|
39
|
RNA-Seq Provides New Insights into the Gene Expression Changes in Azoarcus olearius BH72 under Nitrogen-Deficient and Replete Conditions beyond the Nitrogen Fixation Process. Microorganisms 2021; 9:microorganisms9091888. [PMID: 34576783 PMCID: PMC8467165 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9091888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Revised: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Azoarcus olearius BH72 is an endophyte capable of biological nitrogen fixation (BNF) and of supplying nitrogen to its host plant. Our previous microarray approach provided insights into the transcriptome of strain BH72 under N2-fixation in comparison to ammonium-grown conditions, which already indicated the induction of genes not related to the BNF process. Due to the known limitations of the technique, we might have missed additional differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Thus, we used directional RNA-Seq to better comprehend the transcriptional landscape under these growth conditions. RNA-Seq detected almost 24% of the annotated genes to be regulated, twice the amount identified by microarray. In addition to confirming entire regulated operons containing known DEGs, the new approach detected the induction of genes involved in carbon metabolism and flagellar and twitching motility. This may support N2-fixation by increasing energy production and by finding suitable microaerobic niches. On the other hand, energy expenditures were reduced by suppressing translation and vitamin biosynthesis. Nonetheless, strain BH72 does not appear to be content with N2-fixation but is primed for alternative economic N-sources, such as nitrate, urea or amino acids; a strong gene induction of machineries for their uptake and assimilation was detected. RNA-Seq has thus provided a better understanding of a lifestyle under limiting nitrogen sources by elucidating hitherto unknown regulated processes.
Collapse
|
40
|
Li T, Mann R, Kaur J, Spangenberg G, Sawbridge T. Transcriptome Analyses of Barley Roots Inoculated with Novel Paenibacillus sp. and Erwinia gerundensis Strains Reveal Beneficial Early-Stage Plant-Bacteria Interactions. PLANTS 2021; 10:plants10091802. [PMID: 34579335 PMCID: PMC8467301 DOI: 10.3390/plants10091802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Revised: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Plant growth-promoting bacteria can improve host plant traits including nutrient uptake and metabolism and tolerance to biotic and abiotic stresses. Understanding the molecular basis of plant–bacteria interactions using dual RNA-seq analyses provides key knowledge of both host and bacteria simultaneously, leading to future enhancements of beneficial interactions. In this study, dual RNA-seq analyses were performed to provide insights into the early-stage interactions between barley seedlings and three novel bacterial strains (two Paenibacillus sp. strains and one Erwinia gerundensis strain) isolated from the perennial ryegrass seed microbiome. Differentially expressed bacterial and barley genes/transcripts involved in plant–bacteria interactions were identified, with varying species- and strain-specific responses. Overall, transcriptome profiles suggested that all three strains improved stress response, signal transduction, and nutrient uptake and metabolism of barley seedlings. Results also suggested potential improvements in seedling root growth via repressing ethylene biosynthesis in roots. Bacterial secondary metabolite gene clusters producing compounds that are potentially associated with interactions with the barley endophytic microbiome and associated with stress tolerance of plants under nutrient limiting conditions were also identified. The results of this study provided the molecular basis of plant growth-promoting activities of three novel bacterial strains in barley, laid a solid foundation for the future development of these three bacterial strains as biofertilisers, and identified key differences between bacterial strains of the same species in their responses to plants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tongda Li
- Agriculture Victoria, AgriBio, Centre for AgriBioscience, Bundoora, VIC 3083, Australia; (R.M.); (J.K.); (G.S.); (T.S.)
- School of Applied Systems Biology, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC 3083, Australia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +61-3-9032-7088
| | - Ross Mann
- Agriculture Victoria, AgriBio, Centre for AgriBioscience, Bundoora, VIC 3083, Australia; (R.M.); (J.K.); (G.S.); (T.S.)
| | - Jatinder Kaur
- Agriculture Victoria, AgriBio, Centre for AgriBioscience, Bundoora, VIC 3083, Australia; (R.M.); (J.K.); (G.S.); (T.S.)
| | - German Spangenberg
- Agriculture Victoria, AgriBio, Centre for AgriBioscience, Bundoora, VIC 3083, Australia; (R.M.); (J.K.); (G.S.); (T.S.)
- School of Applied Systems Biology, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC 3083, Australia
| | - Timothy Sawbridge
- Agriculture Victoria, AgriBio, Centre for AgriBioscience, Bundoora, VIC 3083, Australia; (R.M.); (J.K.); (G.S.); (T.S.)
- School of Applied Systems Biology, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC 3083, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Ramirez MD, Besser AC, Newsome SD, McMahon KW. Meta‐analysis of primary producer amino acid δ
15
N values and their influence on trophic position estimation. Methods Ecol Evol 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/2041-210x.13678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Matthew D. Ramirez
- Graduate School of Oceanography University of Rhode Island Narragansett RI USA
| | - Alexi C. Besser
- Department of Biology University of New Mexico Albuquerque NM USA
| | - Seth D. Newsome
- Department of Biology University of New Mexico Albuquerque NM USA
| | - Kelton W. McMahon
- Graduate School of Oceanography University of Rhode Island Narragansett RI USA
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Fan K, Wong-Bajracharya J, Lin X, Ni M, Ku YS, Li MW, Tian CF, Chan TF, Lam HM. Differentially expressed microRNAs that target functional genes in mature soybean nodules. THE PLANT GENOME 2021; 14:e20103. [PMID: 33973410 DOI: 10.1002/tpg2.20103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2020] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are important regulators of biological functions in plants. To find out what roles miRNAs play in regulating symbiotic nitrogen fixation (SNF) in soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.], we identified high-confidence differentially expressed (DE) miRNAs from uninoculated roots (UR), rhizobium-inoculated roots (IR), and nodules (NODs) of soybean by robust small RNA sequencing (sRNA-seq). Based on their predicted target messenger RNAs (mRNAs), the expression profiles of some of these DE miRNAs could be linked to nodule functions. In particular, several miRNAs associated with nutrient transportation genes were differentially expressed in IRs and mature NODs. MiR399b, specifically, was highly induced in IRs and NODs, as well as by inorganic phosphate (Pi) starvation. In composite soybean plants overexpressing miR399b, PHOSPHATE2 (PHO2), a known target of miR399b that inhibits the activities of high-affinity Pi transporters, was strongly repressed. In addition, the overexpression of miR399b in the roots of transgenic composite plants significantly improved whole-plant Pi and ureide concentrations and the overall growth in terms of leaf node numbers and whole-plant dry weight. Our findings suggest that the induction of miR399b in NODs could enhance nitrogen fixation and soybean growth, possibly via improving Pi uptake to achieve a better Pi-nitrogen balance to promote SNF in nodules.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kejing Fan
- School of Life Sciences and Center for Soybean Research of the State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, HKSAR, Hong Kong
| | - Johanna Wong-Bajracharya
- School of Life Sciences and Center for Soybean Research of the State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, HKSAR, Hong Kong
| | - Xiao Lin
- School of Life Sciences and Center for Soybean Research of the State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, HKSAR, Hong Kong
| | - Meng Ni
- School of Life Sciences and Center for Soybean Research of the State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, HKSAR, Hong Kong
| | - Yee-Shan Ku
- School of Life Sciences and Center for Soybean Research of the State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, HKSAR, Hong Kong
| | - Man-Wah Li
- School of Life Sciences and Center for Soybean Research of the State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, HKSAR, Hong Kong
| | - Chang Fu Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, MOA Key Laboratory of Soil Microbiology, Rhizobium Research Center, and College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Ting-Fung Chan
- School of Life Sciences and Center for Soybean Research of the State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, HKSAR, Hong Kong
| | - Hon-Ming Lam
- School of Life Sciences and Center for Soybean Research of the State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, HKSAR, Hong Kong
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Dokwal D, Romsdahl TB, Kunz DA, Alonso AP, Dickstein R. Phosphorus deprivation affects composition and spatial distribution of membrane lipids in legume nodules. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2021; 185:1847-1859. [PMID: 33793933 PMCID: PMC8133537 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiaa115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Accepted: 12/13/2020] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
In legumes, symbiotic nitrogen (N) fixation (SNF) occurs in specialized organs called nodules after successful interactions between legume hosts and rhizobia. In a nodule, N-fixing rhizobia are surrounded by symbiosome membranes, through which the exchange of nutrients and ammonium occurs between bacteria and the host legume. Phosphorus (P) is an essential macronutrient, and N2-fixing legumes have a higher requirement for P than legumes grown on mineral N. As in the previous studies, in P deficiency, barrel medic (Medicago truncatula) plants had impaired SNF activity, reduced growth, and accumulated less phosphate in leaves, roots, and nodules compared with the plants grown in P sufficient conditions. Membrane lipids in M. truncatula tissues were assessed using electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry. Galactolipids were found to increase in P deficiency, with declines in phospholipids (PL), especially in leaves. Lower PL losses were found in roots and nodules. Subsequently, matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-mass spectrometry imaging was used to spatially map the distribution of the positively charged phosphatidylcholine (PC) species in nodules in both P-replete and P-deficient conditions. Our results reveal heterogeneous distribution of several PC species in nodules, with homogeneous distribution of other PC classes. In P poor conditions, some PC species distributions were observed to change. The results suggest that specific PC species may be differentially important in diverse nodule zones and cell types, and that membrane lipid remodeling during P stress is not uniform across the nodule.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dhiraj Dokwal
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Texas, Denton, Texas 76203 USA
- BioDiscovery Institute, University of North Texas, Denton, Texas 76203 USA
| | - Trevor B Romsdahl
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Texas, Denton, Texas 76203 USA
- BioDiscovery Institute, University of North Texas, Denton, Texas 76203 USA
| | - Daniel A Kunz
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Texas, Denton, Texas 76203 USA
| | - Ana Paula Alonso
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Texas, Denton, Texas 76203 USA
- BioDiscovery Institute, University of North Texas, Denton, Texas 76203 USA
| | - Rebecca Dickstein
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Texas, Denton, Texas 76203 USA
- BioDiscovery Institute, University of North Texas, Denton, Texas 76203 USA
- Author for communication:
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Bellés-Sancho P, Lardi M, Liu Y, Hug S, Pinto-Carbó MA, Zamboni N, Pessi G. Paraburkholderia phymatum Homocitrate Synthase NifV Plays a Key Role for Nitrogenase Activity during Symbiosis with Papilionoids and in Free-Living Growth Conditions. Cells 2021; 10:cells10040952. [PMID: 33924023 PMCID: PMC8073898 DOI: 10.3390/cells10040952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2021] [Revised: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 04/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Homocitrate is an essential component of the iron-molybdenum cofactor of nitrogenase, the bacterial enzyme that catalyzes the reduction of dinitrogen (N2) to ammonia. In nitrogen-fixing and nodulating alpha-rhizobia, homocitrate is usually provided to bacteroids in root nodules by their plant host. In contrast, non-nodulating free-living diazotrophs encode the homocitrate synthase (NifV) and reduce N2 in nitrogen-limiting free-living conditions. Paraburkholderia phymatum STM815 is a beta-rhizobial strain, which can enter symbiosis with a broad range of legumes, including papilionoids and mimosoids. In contrast to most alpha-rhizobia, which lack nifV, P. phymatum harbors a copy of nifV on its symbiotic plasmid. We show here that P. phymatum nifV is essential for nitrogenase activity both in root nodules of papilionoid plants and in free-living growth conditions. Notably, nifV was dispensable in nodules of Mimosa pudica despite the fact that the gene was highly expressed during symbiosis with all tested papilionoid and mimosoid plants. A metabolome analysis of papilionoid and mimosoid root nodules infected with the P. phymatum wild-type strain revealed that among the approximately 400 measured metabolites, homocitrate and other metabolites involved in lysine biosynthesis and degradation have accumulated in all plant nodules compared to uninfected roots, suggesting an important role of these metabolites during symbiosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paula Bellés-Sancho
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of Zürich, CH-8057 Zürich, Switzerland; (P.B.-S.); (M.L.); (Y.L.); (S.H.); (M.A.P.-C.)
| | - Martina Lardi
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of Zürich, CH-8057 Zürich, Switzerland; (P.B.-S.); (M.L.); (Y.L.); (S.H.); (M.A.P.-C.)
| | - Yilei Liu
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of Zürich, CH-8057 Zürich, Switzerland; (P.B.-S.); (M.L.); (Y.L.); (S.H.); (M.A.P.-C.)
| | - Sebastian Hug
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of Zürich, CH-8057 Zürich, Switzerland; (P.B.-S.); (M.L.); (Y.L.); (S.H.); (M.A.P.-C.)
| | - Marta Adriana Pinto-Carbó
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of Zürich, CH-8057 Zürich, Switzerland; (P.B.-S.); (M.L.); (Y.L.); (S.H.); (M.A.P.-C.)
| | - Nicola Zamboni
- ETH Zürich, Institute of Molecular Systems Biology, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland;
| | - Gabriella Pessi
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of Zürich, CH-8057 Zürich, Switzerland; (P.B.-S.); (M.L.); (Y.L.); (S.H.); (M.A.P.-C.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +41-44-63-52904
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Piya S, Lopes-Caitar VS, Kim WS, Pantalone V, Krishnan HB, Hewezi T. Title: Hypermethylation of miRNA Genes During Nodule Development. Front Mol Biosci 2021; 8:616623. [PMID: 33928115 PMCID: PMC8076613 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2021.616623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Accepted: 02/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
DNA methylation has recently emerged as a powerful regulatory mechanism controlling the expression of key regulators of various developmental processes, including nodulation. However, the functional role of DNA methylation in regulating the expression of microRNA (miRNA) genes during the formation and development of nitrogen-fixing nodules remains largely unknown. In this study, we profiled DNA methylation patterns of miRNA genes during nodule formation, development, and early senescence stages in soybean (Glycine max) through the analysis of methylC-seq data. Absolute DNA methylation levels in the CG, CHH, and CHH sequence contexts over the promoter and primary transcript regions of miRNA genes were significantly higher in the nodules compared with the corresponding root tissues at these three distinct nodule developmental stages. We identified a total of 82 differentially methylated miRNAs in the nodules compared with roots. Differential DNA methylation of these 82 miRNAs was detected only in the promoter (69), primary transcript region (3), and both in the promoter and primary transcript regions (10). The large majority of these differentially methylated miRNAs were hypermethylated in nodules compared with the corresponding root tissues and were found mainly in the CHH context and showed stage-specific methylation patterns. Differentially methylated regions in the promoters of 25 miRNAs overlapped with transposable elements, a finding that may explain the vulnerability of miRNAs to DNA methylation changes during nodule development. Gene expression analysis of a set of promoter-differentially methylated miRNAs pointed to a negative association between DNA methylation and miRNA expression. Gene Ontology and pathways analyses indicate that changes in DNA methylation of miRNA genes are reprogrammed and contribute to nodule development through indirect regulation of genes involved in cellular processes and pathways with well-established roles in nodulation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sarbottam Piya
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, United States
| | | | - Won-Seok Kim
- Plant Science Division, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
| | - Vince Pantalone
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, United States
| | - Hari B Krishnan
- Plant Science Division, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States.,Plant Genetics Research, USDA-Agricultural Research Service, Columbia, MO, United States
| | - Tarek Hewezi
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, United States
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Irshad MA, Nawaz R, Rehman MZU, Adrees M, Rizwan M, Ali S, Ahmad S, Tasleem S. Synthesis, characterization and advanced sustainable applications of titanium dioxide nanoparticles: A review. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 212:111978. [PMID: 33561774 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.111978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2020] [Revised: 01/17/2021] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Nanotechnology is capturing great interest worldwide due to their stirring applications in various fields. Among nanoparticles (NPs), titanium dioxide (TiO2) NPs have been widely used in daily life and can be synthesized through various physical, chemical, and green methods. Green synthesis is a non-toxic, cost-effective, and eco-friendly route for the synthesis of NPs. Plenty of work has been reported on the green, chemical, physical and biological synthesis of TiO2 NPs and these NPs can be characterized through high tech. instruments. In the present review, dense data have been presented on the comparative synthesis of TiO2 NPs with different characteristics and their wide range of applications. Among the TiO2 NPs synthesis techniques, the green methods have been proven to be efficient than chemical synthesis methods because of the less use of precursors, time-effectiveness, and energy-efficiency during the green synthesis procedures. Moreover, this review describes the types of plants (shrubs, herbs and trees), microorganisms (bacteria, fungi and algae), biological derivatives (proteins, peptides, and starches) employed for the synthesis of TiO2 NPs. The TiO2 NPs can be effectively used for the treatment of polluted water and positively affected the plant physiology especially under abiotic stresses but the response varied with types, size, shapes, doses, duration of exposure, metal species along with other factors. This review also highlights the regulating features and future standpoints for the measurable enrichment in TiO2 NPs product and perspectives of TiO2 NPs reliable application.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Atif Irshad
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan; Department of Environmental Sciences, The University of Lahore, Lahore 54590, Pakistan
| | - Rab Nawaz
- Department of Environmental Sciences, The University of Lahore, Lahore 54590, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Zia Ur Rehman
- Institute of Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38040, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Adrees
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan.
| | - Muhammad Rizwan
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan.
| | - Shafaqat Ali
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan; Department of Biological Sciences and Technology, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan.
| | - Sajjad Ahmad
- Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Vehari-Campus, 61100 Vehari, Pakistan
| | | |
Collapse
|
47
|
Müller LM. PHO1 proteins mediate phosphate transport in the legume-rhizobium symbiosis. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2021; 185:26-28. [PMID: 33631813 PMCID: PMC8133594 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiaa017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Accepted: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
|
48
|
Nagpal S, Sharma P, Sirari A, Kumawat KC, Wati L, Gupta SC, Mandahal KS. Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) as model legume for decoding the co-existence of Pseudomonas fluorescens and Mesorhizobium sp. as bio-fertilizer under diverse agro-climatic zones. Microbiol Res 2021; 247:126720. [PMID: 33592359 DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2021.126720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2020] [Revised: 01/20/2021] [Accepted: 01/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Microbial co-inoculation strategy utilizes a combination of microbes to stimulate plant growth concomitant with an increased phytopathogen tolerance. In the present study, 15 endophytic bacterial isolates from rhizosphere and roots of wild chickpea accessions (Cicer pinnatifidum, C. judiacum, C. bijugum and C. reticulatum) were characterized for morphological, biochemical and physiological traits. Two promising isolates were identified as Pseudomonas fluorescens strain LRE-2 (KR303708.1) and Pseudomonas argentinensis LPGPR-1 (JX239745.1) based on 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Biocompatibility of selected endophytes with Mesorhizobium sp. CH1233, a standard isolate used as a national check in All India Coordinated Research Project (AICRP) was assessed to develop functional combinations capable of producing Indole acetic acid, gibberellins, siderophores and improving seed vigour (in vitro). In vivo synergistic effect of promising combinations was further evaluated under national AICRP, (Chickpea) at two different agro-climatic zones [North-West plain (Ludhiana and Hisar) and Central zones (Sehore)] for three consecutive Rabi seasons (2015-18) to elucidate their effect on symbiotic, soil quality and yield parameters. On the pooled mean basis across locations over the years, combination of Mrh+LRE-2 significantly enhanced symbiotic, soil quality traits and grain yield over Mrh alone and highly positive correlation was obtained between the nodulation traits and grain yield. Superior B: C ratio (1.12) and additional income of Rs 6,505.18 ha-1 was obtained by application of Mrh+LRE-2 over Mrh alone and un-inoculated control. The results demonstrate that dual combination of Mrh and Pseudomonas sp. from wild Cicer relatives can be exploited as a potential bio-fertilizer for increasing soil fertility and improving chickpea productivity under sustainable agriculture.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sharon Nagpal
- Department of Microbiology, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, Punjab, 141004, India.
| | - Poonam Sharma
- Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, Punjab, 141001, India
| | - Asmita Sirari
- Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, Punjab, 141001, India
| | - K C Kumawat
- Department of Microbiology, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, Punjab, 141004, India
| | - Leela Wati
- Department of Microbiology, Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, Haryana, 125004, India
| | - S C Gupta
- RAK, College of Agriculture, Sehore, Madhya Pradesh, 466001, India
| | - Kamalpreet Singh Mandahal
- Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, Punjab, 141001, India
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Ochieno DMW, Karoney EM, Muge EK, Nyaboga EN, Baraza DL, Shibairo SI, Naluyange V. Rhizobium-Linked Nutritional and Phytochemical Changes Under Multitrophic Functional Contexts in Sustainable Food Systems. FRONTIERS IN SUSTAINABLE FOOD SYSTEMS 2021. [DOI: 10.3389/fsufs.2020.604396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Rhizobia are bacteria that exhibit both endophytic and free-living lifestyles. Endophytic rhizobial strains are widely known to infect leguminous host plants, while some do infect non-legumes. Infection of leguminous roots often results in the formation of root nodules. Associations between rhizobia and host plants may result in beneficial or non-beneficial effects. Such effects are linked to various biochemical changes that have far-reaching implications on relationships between host plants and the dependent multitrophic biodiversity. This paper explores relationships that exist between rhizobia and various plant species. Emphasis is on nutritional and phytochemical changes that occur in rhizobial host plants, and how such changes affect diverse consumers at different trophic levels. The purpose of this paper is to bring into context various aspects of such interactions that could improve knowledge on the application of rhizobia in different fields. The relevance of rhizobia in sustainable food systems is addressed in context.
Collapse
|
50
|
Goyal RK, Schmidt MA, Hynes MF. Molecular Biology in the Improvement of Biological Nitrogen Fixation by Rhizobia and Extending the Scope to Cereals. Microorganisms 2021; 9:microorganisms9010125. [PMID: 33430332 PMCID: PMC7825764 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9010125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Revised: 12/29/2020] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The contribution of biological nitrogen fixation to the total N requirement of food and feed crops diminished in importance with the advent of synthetic N fertilizers, which fueled the “green revolution”. Despite being environmentally unfriendly, the synthetic versions gained prominence primarily due to their low cost, and the fact that most important staple crops never evolved symbiotic associations with bacteria. In the recent past, advances in our knowledge of symbiosis and nitrogen fixation and the development and application of recombinant DNA technology have created opportunities that could help increase the share of symbiotically-driven nitrogen in global consumption. With the availability of molecular biology tools, rapid improvements in symbiotic characteristics of rhizobial strains became possible. Further, the technology allowed probing the possibility of establishing a symbiotic dialogue between rhizobia and cereals. Because the evolutionary process did not forge a symbiotic relationship with the latter, the potential of molecular manipulations has been tested to incorporate a functional mechanism of nitrogen reduction independent of microbes. In this review, we discuss various strategies applied to improve rhizobial strains for higher nitrogen fixation efficiency, more competitiveness and enhanced fitness under unfavorable environments. The challenges and progress made towards nitrogen self-sufficiency of cereals are also reviewed. An approach to integrate the genetically modified elite rhizobia strains in crop production systems is highlighted.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ravinder K. Goyal
- Lacombe Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Lacombe, AB T4L 1W1, Canada;
- Correspondence:
| | - Maria Augusta Schmidt
- Lacombe Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Lacombe, AB T4L 1W1, Canada;
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Calgary, 2500 University Dr NW, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada;
| | - Michael F. Hynes
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Calgary, 2500 University Dr NW, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada;
| |
Collapse
|