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Wang J, Yan D, Liu R, Wang T, Lian Y, Lu Z, Hong Y, Wang Y, Li R. The Physiological and Molecular Mechanisms of Exogenous Melatonin Promote the Seed Germination of Maize ( Zea mays L.) under Salt Stress. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:2142. [PMID: 39124260 PMCID: PMC11313997 DOI: 10.3390/plants13152142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2024] [Revised: 07/22/2024] [Accepted: 07/29/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024]
Abstract
Salt stress caused by high concentrations of Na+ and Cl- in soil is one of the most important abiotic stresses in agricultural production, which seriously affects grain yield. The alleviation of salt stress through the application of exogenous substances is important for grain production. Melatonin (MT, N-acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine) is an indole-like small molecule that can effectively alleviate the damage caused by adversity stress on crops. Current studies have mainly focused on the effects of MT on the physiology and biochemistry of crops at the seedling stage, with fewer studies on the gene regulatory mechanisms of crops at the germination stage. The aim of this study was to explain the mechanism of MT-induced salt tolerance at physiological, biochemical, and molecular levels and to provide a theoretical basis for the resolution of MT-mediated regulatory mechanisms of plant adaptation to salt stress. In this study, we investigated the germination, physiology, and transcript levels of maize seeds, analyzed the relevant differentially expressed genes (DEGs), and examined salt tolerance-related pathways. The results showed that MT could increase the seed germination rate by 14.28-19.04%, improve seed antioxidant enzyme activities (average increase of 11.61%), and reduce reactive oxygen species accumulation and membrane oxidative damage. In addition, MT was involved in regulating the changes of endogenous hormones during the germination of maize seeds under salt stress. Transcriptome results showed that MT affected the activity of antioxidant enzymes, response to stress, and seed germination-related genes in maize seeds under salt stress and regulated the expression of genes related to starch and sucrose metabolism and phytohormone signal transduction pathways. Taken together, the results indicate that exogenous MT can affect the expression of stress response-related genes in salt-stressed maize seeds, enhance the antioxidant capacity of the seeds, reduce the damage induced by salt stress, and thus promote the germination of maize seeds under salt stress. The results provide a theoretical basis for the MT-mediated regulatory mechanism of plant adaptation to salt stress and screen potential candidate genes for molecular breeding of salt-tolerant maize.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiajie Wang
- College of Plant Science and Technology, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing 102206, China; (J.W.); (D.Y.); (R.L.); (T.W.); (Y.L.); (Z.L.); (Y.H.); (Y.W.)
| | - Di Yan
- College of Plant Science and Technology, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing 102206, China; (J.W.); (D.Y.); (R.L.); (T.W.); (Y.L.); (Z.L.); (Y.H.); (Y.W.)
| | - Rui Liu
- College of Plant Science and Technology, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing 102206, China; (J.W.); (D.Y.); (R.L.); (T.W.); (Y.L.); (Z.L.); (Y.H.); (Y.W.)
| | - Ting Wang
- College of Plant Science and Technology, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing 102206, China; (J.W.); (D.Y.); (R.L.); (T.W.); (Y.L.); (Z.L.); (Y.H.); (Y.W.)
| | - Yijia Lian
- College of Plant Science and Technology, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing 102206, China; (J.W.); (D.Y.); (R.L.); (T.W.); (Y.L.); (Z.L.); (Y.H.); (Y.W.)
| | - Zhenzong Lu
- College of Plant Science and Technology, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing 102206, China; (J.W.); (D.Y.); (R.L.); (T.W.); (Y.L.); (Z.L.); (Y.H.); (Y.W.)
| | - Yue Hong
- College of Plant Science and Technology, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing 102206, China; (J.W.); (D.Y.); (R.L.); (T.W.); (Y.L.); (Z.L.); (Y.H.); (Y.W.)
| | - Ye Wang
- College of Plant Science and Technology, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing 102206, China; (J.W.); (D.Y.); (R.L.); (T.W.); (Y.L.); (Z.L.); (Y.H.); (Y.W.)
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Agricultural Application and New Technique, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Runzhi Li
- College of Plant Science and Technology, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing 102206, China; (J.W.); (D.Y.); (R.L.); (T.W.); (Y.L.); (Z.L.); (Y.H.); (Y.W.)
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Agricultural Application and New Technique, Beijing 102206, China
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Juraniec M, Goormaghtigh E, Posmyk MM, Verbruggen N. An ecotype-specific effect of osmopriming and melatonin during salt stress in Arabidopsis thaliana. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 24:707. [PMID: 39054444 PMCID: PMC11270801 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-024-05434-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 07/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Natural populations of Arabidopsis thaliana exhibit phenotypic variations in specific environments and growth conditions. However, this variation has not been explored after seed osmopriming treatments. The natural variation in biomass production and root system architecture (RSA) was investigated across the Arabidopsis thaliana core collection in response to the pre-sawing seed treatments by osmopriming, with and without melatonin (Mel). The goal was to identify and characterize physiologically contrasting ecotypes. RESULTS Variability in RSA parameters in response to PEG-6000 seed osmopriming with and without Mel was observed across Arabidopsis thaliana ecotypes with especially positive impact of Mel addition under both control and 100 mM NaCl stress conditions. Two ecotypes, Can-0 and Kn-0, exhibited contrasted root phenotypes: seed osmopriming with and without Mel reduced the root growth of Can-0 plants while enhancing it in Kn-0 ones under both control and salt stress conditions. To understand the stress responses in these two ecotypes, main stress markers as well as physiological analyses were assessed in shoots and roots. Although the effect of Mel addition was evident in both ecotypes, its protective effect was more pronounced in Kn-0. Antioxidant enzymes were induced by osmopriming with Mel in both ecotypes, but Kn-0 was characterized by a higher responsiveness, especially in the activities of peroxidases in roots. Kn-0 plants experienced lower oxidative stress, and salt-induced ROS accumulation was reduced by osmopriming with Mel. In contrast, Can-0 exhibited lower enzyme activities but the accumulation of proline in its organs was particularly high. In both ecotypes, a greater response of antioxidant enzymes and proline accumulation was observed compared to mechanisms involving the reduction of Na+ content and prevention of K+ efflux. CONCLUSIONS In contrast to Can-0, Kn-0 plants grown from seeds osmoprimed with and without Mel displayed a lower root sensitivity to NaCl-induced oxidative stress. The opposite root growth patterns, enhanced by osmopriming treatments might result from different protective mechanisms employed by these two ecotypes which in turn result from adaptive strategies proper to specific habitats from which Can-0 and Kn-0 originate. The isolation of contrasting phenotypes paves the way for the identification of genetic factors affecting osmopriming efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michał Juraniec
- Department of Plant Ecophysiology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Lodz, 90 237, Poland.
| | - Erik Goormaghtigh
- Laboratory for the Structure and Function of Biological Membranes, Center for Structural Biology and Bioinformatics, Faculté des Sciences, Université libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, 1050, Belgium
| | - Małgorzata M Posmyk
- Department of Plant Ecophysiology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Lodz, 90 237, Poland.
| | - Nathalie Verbruggen
- Laboratoire de Physiologie et de Génétique Moléculaire des Plantes, Faculté des Sciences, Université libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, 1050, Belgium
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Luo K, Sha L, Li T, Wang C, Zhao X, Pan J, Zhu S, Li Y, Chen W, Yao J, Rong J, Zhang Y. Genome-Wide Identification of Calmodulin-Binding Protein 60 Gene Family and the Function of GhCBP60B in Cotton Growth and Development and Abiotic Stress Response. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4349. [PMID: 38673934 PMCID: PMC11049924 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25084349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2024] [Revised: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The calmodulin-binding protein 60 (CBP60) family is a gene family unique to plants, and its members play a crucial role in plant defense responses to pathogens and growth and development. Considering that cotton is the primary source of natural cotton textile fiber, the functional study of its CBP60 gene family members is critical. In this research, we successfully identified 162 CBP60 members from the genomes of 21 species. Of these, 72 members were found in four cotton species, divided into four clades. To understand the function of GhCBP60B in cotton in depth, we conducted a detailed analysis of its sequence, structure, cis-acting elements, and expression patterns. Research results show that GhCBP60B is located in the nucleus and plays a crucial role in cotton growth and development and response to salt and drought stress. After using VIGS (virus-induced gene silencing) technology to conduct gene silencing experiments, we found that the plants silenced by GhCBP60B showed dwarf plants and shortened stem nodes, and the expression of related immune genes also changed. In further abiotic stress treatment experiments, we found that GhCBP60B-silenced plants were more sensitive to drought and salt stress, and their POD (peroxidase) activity was also significantly reduced. These results imply the vital role of GhCBP60B in cotton, especially in regulating plant responses to drought and salt stress. This study systematically analyzed CBP60 gene family members through bioinformatics methods and explored in depth the biological function of GhCBP60B in cotton. These research results lay a solid foundation for the future use of the GhCBP60B gene to improve cotton plant type and its drought and salt resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Anyang 455000, China; (K.L.); (L.S.); (T.L.); (C.W.); (J.P.); (S.Z.); (Y.L.); (W.C.); (J.Y.)
- The Key Laboratory for Quality Improvement of Agricultural Products of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Agricultural and Forestry University, Hangzhou 311300, China;
| | - Long Sha
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Anyang 455000, China; (K.L.); (L.S.); (T.L.); (C.W.); (J.P.); (S.Z.); (Y.L.); (W.C.); (J.Y.)
| | - Tengyu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Anyang 455000, China; (K.L.); (L.S.); (T.L.); (C.W.); (J.P.); (S.Z.); (Y.L.); (W.C.); (J.Y.)
- The Key Laboratory for Quality Improvement of Agricultural Products of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Agricultural and Forestry University, Hangzhou 311300, China;
| | - Chenlei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Anyang 455000, China; (K.L.); (L.S.); (T.L.); (C.W.); (J.P.); (S.Z.); (Y.L.); (W.C.); (J.Y.)
| | - Xuan Zhao
- The Key Laboratory for Quality Improvement of Agricultural Products of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Agricultural and Forestry University, Hangzhou 311300, China;
| | - Jingwen Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Anyang 455000, China; (K.L.); (L.S.); (T.L.); (C.W.); (J.P.); (S.Z.); (Y.L.); (W.C.); (J.Y.)
| | - Shouhong Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Anyang 455000, China; (K.L.); (L.S.); (T.L.); (C.W.); (J.P.); (S.Z.); (Y.L.); (W.C.); (J.Y.)
| | - Yan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Anyang 455000, China; (K.L.); (L.S.); (T.L.); (C.W.); (J.P.); (S.Z.); (Y.L.); (W.C.); (J.Y.)
| | - Wei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Anyang 455000, China; (K.L.); (L.S.); (T.L.); (C.W.); (J.P.); (S.Z.); (Y.L.); (W.C.); (J.Y.)
| | - Jinbo Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Anyang 455000, China; (K.L.); (L.S.); (T.L.); (C.W.); (J.P.); (S.Z.); (Y.L.); (W.C.); (J.Y.)
| | - Junkang Rong
- The Key Laboratory for Quality Improvement of Agricultural Products of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Agricultural and Forestry University, Hangzhou 311300, China;
| | - Yongshan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Anyang 455000, China; (K.L.); (L.S.); (T.L.); (C.W.); (J.P.); (S.Z.); (Y.L.); (W.C.); (J.Y.)
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Zhang Q, Gao R, Wu D, Wang X, Liu Y, Gao Y, Guan L. Metabolome and Transcriptome Analysis Revealed the Pivotal Role of Exogenous Melatonin in Enhancing Salt Tolerance in Vitis vinifera L. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:3651. [PMID: 38612463 PMCID: PMC11011403 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25073651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2024] [Revised: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 02/24/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Vitis vinifera L. possesses high economic value, but its growth and yield are seriously affected by salt stress. Though melatonin (MT) has been widely reported to enhance tolerance towards abiotic stresses in plants, the regulatory role melatonin plays in resisting salt tolerance in grapevines has scarcely been studied. Here, we observed the phenotypes under the treatment of different melatonin concentrations, and then transcriptome and metabolome analyses were performed. A total of 457 metabolites were detected in CK- and MT-treated cell cultures at 1 WAT (week after treatment) and 4 WATs. Exogenous melatonin treatment significantly increased the endogenous melatonin content while down-regulating the flavonoid content. To be specific, the melatonin content was obviously up-regulated, while the contents of more than a dozen flavonoids were down-regulated. Auxin response genes and melatonin synthesis-related genes were regulated by the exogenous melatonin treatment. WGCNA (weighted gene coexpression network analysis) identified key salt-responsive genes; they were directly or indirectly involved in melatonin synthesis and auxin response. The synergistic effect of salt and melatonin treatment was investigated by transcriptome analysis, providing additional evidence for the stress-alleviating properties of melatonin through auxin-related pathways. The present study explored the impact of exogenous melatonin on grapevines' ability to adapt to salt stress and provided novel insights into enhancing their tolerance to salt stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiunan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Saline-Alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China; (Q.Z.); (D.W.); (X.W.); (Y.L.)
- College of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Ruiqi Gao
- Key Laboratory of Saline-Alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China; (Q.Z.); (D.W.); (X.W.); (Y.L.)
- College of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Di Wu
- Key Laboratory of Saline-Alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China; (Q.Z.); (D.W.); (X.W.); (Y.L.)
- College of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Xiao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Saline-Alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China; (Q.Z.); (D.W.); (X.W.); (Y.L.)
- College of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Saline-Alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China; (Q.Z.); (D.W.); (X.W.); (Y.L.)
- College of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Yanqiang Gao
- Key Laboratory of Saline-Alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China; (Q.Z.); (D.W.); (X.W.); (Y.L.)
- College of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Le Guan
- Key Laboratory of Saline-Alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China; (Q.Z.); (D.W.); (X.W.); (Y.L.)
- College of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
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Gao Y, Dong X, Wang R, Hao F, Zhang H, Zhang Y, Lin G. Exogenous Calcium Alleviates Oxidative Stress Caused by Salt Stress in Peanut Seedling Roots by Regulating the Antioxidant Enzyme System and Flavonoid Biosynthesis. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:233. [PMID: 38397831 PMCID: PMC10886236 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13020233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Soil salinity is one of the adversity stresses plants face, and antioxidant defense mechanisms play an essential role in plant resistance. We investigated the effects of exogenous calcium on the antioxidant defense system in peanut seedling roots that are under salt stress by using indices including the transcriptome and absolute quantitative metabolome of flavonoids. Under salt stress conditions, the antioxidant defense capacity of enzymatic systems was weakened and the antioxidant capacity of the linked AsA-GSH cycle was effectively inhibited. In contrast, the ascorbate biosynthesis pathway and its upstream glycolysis metabolism pathway became active, which stimulated shikimate biosynthesis and the downstream phenylpropanoid metabolism pathway, resulting in an increased accumulation of flavonoids, which, as one of the antioxidants in the non-enzymatic system, provide hydroxyl radicals to scavenge the excess reactive oxygen species and maintain the plant's vital activities. However, the addition of exogenous calcium caused changes in the antioxidant defense system in the peanut root system. The activity of antioxidant enzymes and the antioxidant capacity of the AsA-GSH cycle were enhanced. Therefore, glycolysis and phenylpropanoid metabolism do not exert antioxidant function, and flavonoids were no longer synthesized. In addition, antioxidant enzymes and the AsA-GSH cycle showed a trade-off relationship with sugars and flavonoids.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Guolin Lin
- College of Land and Environment, Shenyang Agricultural University, No. 120 Dongling Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang 110866, China; (Y.G.); (X.D.); (R.W.); (F.H.); (H.Z.); (Y.Z.)
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Wang L, Tanveer M, Wang H, Arnao MB. Melatonin as a key regulator in seed germination under abiotic stress. J Pineal Res 2024; 76:e12937. [PMID: 38241678 DOI: 10.1111/jpi.12937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Revised: 12/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/21/2024]
Abstract
Seed germination (SG) is the first stage in a plant's life and has an immense importance in sustaining crop production. Abiotic stresses reduce SG by increasing the deterioration of seed quality, and reducing germination potential, and seed vigor. Thus, to achieve a sustainable level of crop yield, it is important to improve SG under abiotic stress conditions. Melatonin (MEL) is an important biomolecule that interplays in developmental processes and regulates many adaptive responses in plants, especially under abiotic stresses. Thus, this review specifically summarizes and discusses the mechanistic basis of MEL-mediated SG under abiotic stresses. MEL regulates SG by regulating some stress-specific responses and some common responses. For instance, MEL induced stress specific responses include the regulation of ionic homeostasis, and hydrolysis of storage proteins under salinity stress, regulation of C-repeat binding factors signaling under cold stress, starch metabolism under high temperature and heavy metal stress, and activation of aquaporins and accumulation of osmolytes under drought stress. On other hand, MEL mediated regulation of gibberellins biosynthesis and abscisic acid catabolism, redox homeostasis, and Ca2+ signaling are amongst the common responses. Nonetheless factors such as endogenous MEL contents, plant species, and growth conditions also influence above-mentioned responses. In conclusion, MEL regulates SG under abiotic stress conditions by interacting with different physiological mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, China
| | - Mohsin Tanveer
- State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, China
| | - Hongling Wang
- CAS Research Center for Ecology and Environment of Central Asia, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, China
| | - Marino B Arnao
- Phytohormones & Plant Development Laboratory, Department of Plant Biology (Plant Physiology), University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
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Ma Y, Huang P, Huang S, Younis U, Hussain GS, Fahad S, Danish S, Elshikh MS, Rizwana H. γ-Aminobutyric acid (GABA) and ectoine (ECT) impacts with and without AMF on antioxidants, gas exchange attributes and nutrients of cotton cultivated in salt affected soil. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 23:476. [PMID: 37807063 PMCID: PMC10561494 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-023-04486-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
Salinity stress is one of the major hurdles in agriculture which adversely affects crop production. It can cause osmotic imbalance, ion toxicity that disrupts essential nutrient balance, impaired nutrient uptake, stunted growth, increased oxidative stress, altered metabolism, and diminished crop yield and quality. However, foliar application of osmoprotectant is becoming popular to resolve this issue in crops. These osmoprotectants regulate the cellular osmotic balance and protect plants from the detrimental effects of high salt concentrations. Furthermore, the role of arbuscular mycorrhizae (AMF) is also established in this regard. These AMF effectively reduce the salinity negative effects by improving the essential nutrient balance via the promotion of root growth. That's why keeping in mind the effectiveness of osmoprotectants current study was conducted on cotton. Total of six levels of γ-Aminobutyric acid (GABA = 0 mM, 0. 5 mM, and 1 mM) and ectoine (ECT = 0 mM, 0.25 mM, and 0.5 mM) were applied as treatments in 3 replications. Results showed that 0.5 mM γ-Aminobutyric acid and ectoine performed significantly best for the improvement in cotton growth attributes. It also caused significant enhancement in K and Ca contents of the leaf, stem, bur, and seeds compared to the control. Furthermore, 0.5 mM γ-Aminobutyric acid and ectoine also caused a significant decline in Cl and Na contents of leaf, stem, bur, and seeds of cotton compared to control under salinity stress. A significant enhancement in chlorophyll contents, gas exchange attributes, and decline in electrolyte leakage validated the effectiveness of 0.5 mM γ-Aminobutyric acid and ectoine over control. In conclusion, 0.5 mM γ-Aminobutyric acid and ectoine have the potential to mitigate the salinity stress in cotton.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhan Ma
- College of Life and Health Science, Anhui Science and Technology University, Fengyang, 233100, China
| | - Ping Huang
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Anhui Science and Technology University, Fengyang, 233100, China
| | - Shoucheng Huang
- College of Life and Health Science, Anhui Science and Technology University, Fengyang, 233100, China
| | - Uzma Younis
- Botany Department, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Sub Campus Rahim Yar Khan, Rahim Yar Khan, Punjab, Pakistan.
| | - Ghulam Sabir Hussain
- Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Technology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, 66000, Pakistan
| | - Shah Fahad
- Department of Agronomy, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Mardan, 23200, Pakistan.
| | - Subhan Danish
- Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Technology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan.
| | - Mohamed Soliman Elshikh
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. 2455, 11451, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Humaira Rizwana
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. 2455, 11451, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Alavilli H, Yolcu S, Skorupa M, Aciksoz SB, Asif M. Salt and drought stress-mitigating approaches in sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.) to improve its performance and yield. PLANTA 2023; 258:30. [PMID: 37358618 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-023-04189-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 06/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/27/2023]
Abstract
MAIN CONCLUSION Although sugar beet is a salt- and drought-tolerant crop, high salinity, and water deprivation significantly reduce its yield and growth. Several reports have demonstrated stress tolerance enhancement through stress-mitigating strategies including the exogenous application of osmolytes or metabolites, nanoparticles, seed treatments, breeding salt/drought-tolerant varieties. These approaches would assist in achieving sustainable yields despite global climatic changes. Sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.) is an economically vital crop for ~ 30% of world sugar production. They also provide essential raw materials for bioethanol, animal fodder, pulp, pectin, and functional food-related industries. Due to fewer irrigation water requirements and shorter regeneration time than sugarcane, beet cultivation is spreading to subtropical climates from temperate climates. However, beet varieties from different geographical locations display different stress tolerance levels. Although sugar beet can endure moderate exposure to various abiotic stresses, including high salinity and drought, prolonged exposure to salt and drought stress causes a significant decrease in crop yield and production. Hence, plant biologists and agronomists have devised several strategies to mitigate the stress-induced damage to sugar beet cultivation. Recently, several studies substantiated that the exogenous application of osmolytes or metabolite substances can help plants overcome injuries induced by salt or drought stress. Furthermore, these compounds likely elicit different physio-biochemical impacts, including improving nutrient/ionic homeostasis, photosynthetic efficiency, strengthening defense response, and water status improvement under various abiotic stress conditions. In the current review, we compiled different stress-mitigating agricultural strategies, prospects, and future experiments that can secure sustainable yields for sugar beets despite high saline or drought conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hemasundar Alavilli
- Department of Biotechnology, GITAM (Deemed to be) University, Visakhapatnam, 530045, India
| | - Seher Yolcu
- Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Sabanci University, Istanbul, 34956, Turkey.
| | - Monika Skorupa
- Faculty of Biological and Veterinary Sciences, Nicolaus Copernicus University, 87-100, Torun, Poland
- Centre for Modern Interdisciplinary Technologies, Nicolaus Copernicus University, 87-100, Torun, Poland
| | - Seher Bahar Aciksoz
- Sabanci University Nanotechnology Research and Application Center (SUNUM), Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Muhammad Asif
- Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Sabanci University, Istanbul, 34956, Turkey
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Ahmad I, Zhu G, Zhou G, Liu J, Younas MU, Zhu Y. Melatonin Role in Plant Growth and Physiology under Abiotic Stress. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24108759. [PMID: 37240106 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24108759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Revised: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Phyto-melatonin improves crop yield by mitigating the negative effects of abiotic stresses on plant growth. Numerous studies are currently being conducted to investigate the significant performance of melatonin in crops in regulating agricultural growth and productivity. However, a comprehensive review of the pivotal performance of phyto-melatonin in regulating plant morpho-physiological and biochemical activities under abiotic stresses needs to be clarified. This review focused on the research on morpho-physiological activities, plant growth regulation, redox status, and signal transduction in plants under abiotic stresses. Furthermore, it also highlighted the role of phyto-melatonin in plant defense systems and as biostimulants under abiotic stress conditions. The study revealed that phyto-melatonin enhances some leaf senescence proteins, and that protein further interacts with the plant's photosynthesis activity, macromolecules, and changes in redox and response to abiotic stress. Our goal is to thoroughly evaluate phyto-melatonin performance under abiotic stress, which will help us better understand the mechanism by which phyto-melatonin regulates crop growth and yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irshad Ahmad
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Guanglong Zhu
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Guisheng Zhou
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
- Key Lab of Crop Genetics & Physiology of Jiangsu Province, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Jiao Liu
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Muhammad Usama Younas
- Department of Crop Genetics and Breeding, College of Agriculture, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Yiming Zhu
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
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Khan D, Cai N, Zhu W, Li L, Guan M, Pu X, Chen Q. The role of phytomelatonin receptor 1-mediated signaling in plant growth and stress response. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1142753. [PMID: 36968396 PMCID: PMC10036441 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1142753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Phytomelatonin is a pleiotropic signaling molecule that regulates plant growth, development, and stress response. In plant cells, phytomelatonin is synthesized from tryptophan via several consecutive steps that are catalyzed by tryptophan decarboxylase (TDC), tryptamine 5-hydroxylase (T5H), serotonin N-acyltransferase (SNAT), and N-acetylserotonin methyltransferase (ASMT) and/or caffeic acid-3-O-methyltransferase (COMT). Recently, the identification of the phytomelatonin receptor PMTR1 in Arabidopsis has been considered a turning point in plant research, with the function and signal of phytomelatonin emerging as a receptor-based regulatory strategy. In addition, PMTR1 homologs have been identified in several plant species and have been found to regulate seed germination and seedling growth, stomatal closure, leaf senescence, and several stress responses. In this article, we review the recent evidence in our understanding of the PMTR1-mediated regulatory pathways in phytomelatonin signaling under environmental stimuli. Based on structural comparison of the melatonin receptor 1 (MT1) in human and PMTR1 homologs, we propose that the similarity in the three-dimensional structure of the melatonin receptors probably represents a convergent evolution of melatonin recognition in different species.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Xiaojun Pu
- *Correspondence: Xiaojun Pu, ; ; Qi Chen, ;
| | - Qi Chen
- *Correspondence: Xiaojun Pu, ; ; Qi Chen, ;
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11
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Gao Y, Chen H, Chen D, Hao G. Genetic and evolutionary dissection of melatonin response signaling facilitates the regulation of plant growth and stress responses. J Pineal Res 2023; 74:e12850. [PMID: 36585354 DOI: 10.1111/jpi.12850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Revised: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The expansion of gene families during evolution could generate functional diversity among their members to regulate plant growth and development. Melatonin, a phylogenetically ancient molecule, is vital for many aspects of a plant's life. Understanding the functional diversity of the molecular players involved in melatonin biosynthesis, signaling, and metabolism will facilitate the regulation of plant phenotypes. However, the molecular mechanism of melatonin response signaling elements in regulating this network still has many challenges. Here, we provide an in-depth analysis of the functional diversity and evolution of molecular components in melatonin signaling pathway. Genetic analysis of multiple mutants in plant species will shed light on the role of gene families in melatonin regulatory pathways. Phylogenetic analysis of these genes was performed, which will facilitate the identification of melatonin-related genes for future study. Based on the abovementioned signal networks, the mechanism of these genes was summarized to provide reference for studying the regulatory mechanism of melatonin in plant phenotypes. We hope that this work will facilitate melatonin research in higher plants and finely tuned spatio-temporal regulation of melatonin signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangyang Gao
- National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Center for Research and Development of Fine Chemicals, Guizhou University, Guiyang, P. R. China
| | - Huimin Chen
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, China
| | - Dongyu Chen
- National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Center for Research and Development of Fine Chemicals, Guizhou University, Guiyang, P. R. China
| | - Gefei Hao
- National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Center for Research and Development of Fine Chemicals, Guizhou University, Guiyang, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, China
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12
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Ghorbani A, Pishkar L, Saravi KV, Chen M. Melatonin-mediated endogenous nitric oxide coordinately boosts stability through proline and nitrogen metabolism, antioxidant capacity, and Na +/K + transporters in tomato under NaCl stress. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1135943. [PMID: 36993844 PMCID: PMC10040658 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1135943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
The interactions between nitric oxide (NO) and melatonin in alleviating sodium chloride (NaCl) toxicity in plants are poorly comprehended. Here, the associations between the exogenous application of melatonin and endogenous NO levels in inducing tomato seedlings' defense response during NaCl toxicity were investigated. The results indicated that the application of melatonin (150 μM) increased height (23.7%) and biomass (32.2%), improved chlorophyll (a (137%) and b (92.8%)), and proline metabolisms, and reduced the contents of superoxide anion radicals (49.6%), hydrogen peroxide (31.4%), malondialdehyde (38%), and electrolyte leakage (32.6%) in 40-day-old tomato seedlings grown under NaCl (150 mM) treatment. Melatonin increased the antioxidant defense system in NaCl-stressed seedlings by increasing the activity of the antioxidant enzymes. Melatonin also improved N metabolism and endogenous NO content in NaCl-stressed seedlings by upregulating the activity of enzymes implicated in N assimilation. Furthermore, melatonin improved ionic balance and reduced Na content in NaCl-exposed seedlings by upregulating the expression of genes involved in K/Na ratio homeostasis (NHX1-4) and increasing the accumulation of mineral nutrients (P, N, Ca, and Mg). However, the addition of cPTIO (100 μM; an NO scavenger) reversed the beneficial impacts of melatonin, indicating the effective function of NO in melatonin-induced defense mechanisms in NaCl-stressed tomato seedlings. Therefore, our results revealed that melatonin improves the tolerance of tomato plants during NaCl toxicity by mediating internal NO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abazar Ghorbani
- National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Center for Research and Development of Fine Chemicals, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Leila Pishkar
- Department of Biology, Islamshahr Branch, Islamic Azad University, Islamshahr, Iran
- *Correspondence: Leila Pishkar, ; Moxian Chen,
| | - Kobra Valed Saravi
- Department of Biology, Damghan branch, Islamic Azad University, Damghan, Iran
| | - Moxian Chen
- National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Center for Research and Development of Fine Chemicals, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
- *Correspondence: Leila Pishkar, ; Moxian Chen,
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Ren W, Chen L, Xie ZM, Peng X. Combined transcriptome and metabolome analysis revealed pathways involved in improved salt tolerance of Gossypium hirsutum L. seedlings in response to exogenous melatonin application. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2022; 22:552. [PMID: 36451095 PMCID: PMC9710056 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-022-03930-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Salinization is major abiotic stress limiting cotton production. Melatonin (MT) has been implicated in salt stress tolerance in multiple crops including upland cotton. Here, we explored the transcriptomic and metabolomic response of a salt-tolerant self-bred high-yielding cotton line SDS-01, which was exogenously sprayed with four MT concentrations (50, 100, 200, and 500 μM). RESULTS Here we found that MT improves plant biomass and growth under salt stress. The combined transcriptome sequencing and metabolome profiling approach revealed that photosynthetic efficiency is improved by increasing the expressions of chlorophyll metabolism and antenna proteins in MT-treated seedlings. Additionally, linoleic acid and flavonoid biosynthesis were improved after MT treatment. The Na+/K+ homeostasis-related genes were increasingly expressed in salt-stressed seedlings treated with MT as compared to the ones experiencing only salt stress. Melatonin treatment activated a cascade of plant-hormone signal transduction and reactive oxygen scavenging genes to alleviate the detrimental effects of salt stress. The global metabolome profile revealed an increased accumulation of flavonoids, organic acids, amino acids and derivatives, saccharides, and phenolic acids in MT-treated seedlings. Interestingly, N, N'-Diferuloylputrescine a known antioxidative compound was highly accumulated after MT treatment. CONCLUSION Collectively, our study concludes that MT is a salt stress regulator in upland cotton and alleviates salt-stress effects by modulating the expressions of photosynthesis (and related pathways), flavonoid, ROS scavenging, hormone signaling, linoleic acid metabolism, and ion homeostasis-related genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, 830011 China
- China Fukang Station of Desert Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fukang, 831505 Xinjiang China
| | - Li Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, 830011 China
- China Fukang Station of Desert Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fukang, 831505 Xinjiang China
| | - Zong ming Xie
- Xinjiang Production & Construction Group Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm Enhancement and Gene Resources Utilization, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural and Reclamation Science, Shihezi, 832000, Xinjiang China
| | - Xiaofeng Peng
- Agricultural Science Research Institute of the third division of Xinjiang production and Construction Corps, Tumushuke, 843800 Xinjiang China
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14
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Tian X, He X, Xu J, Yang Z, Fang W, Yin Y. Mechanism of calcium in melatonin enhancement of functional substance-phenolic acid in germinated hulless barley. RSC Adv 2022; 12:29214-29222. [PMID: 36320768 PMCID: PMC9557744 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra05289j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Phenolic acid is a physiologically active substance that has a variety of effects on humans. Barley sprouts are often used as food ingredients to enrich phenolic acids and to further produce functional foods rich in phenolic acids. In this study, the mechanism of Ca2+ involvement in regulating phenolic acid biosynthesis and plant growth in barley by melatonin (MT) under NaCl stress was investigated. According to the studies, MT (25 μM) increased total calcium content, induced Ca2+ burst, and up-regulated the gene expression of calcium-regulated protein-dependent protein kinase and calcium-binding protein transcription-activating protease in NaCl-stressed (60 mM) barley. Exogenous MT and its combined CaCl2 (0.4 mM) significantly promoted phenolic acid biosynthesis by increasing the activity of C4H and PAL, and induced gene expression of PAL and F5H. The addition of exogenous CaCl2 and MT caused systemic tolerance in NaCl-stressed barley, as determined by a decrease in the fluorescence intensity of hydrogen peroxide and oxygen radical anions as well as an enhancement in the antioxidant enzyme, thus significantly increasing sprout length and fresh weight. In addition, combined use of MT with Ca2+ antagonists (lanthanum chloride or ethylene glycol tetraacetic acid), impaired all impacts as mentioned above. These findings imply that Ca2+ participated in MT-induced phenolic acid biosynthesis and growth improvement in NaCl-stressed barley.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Tian
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Yangzhou UniversityYangzhouJiangsu 225009People's Republic of China+86-514-89786551+86-514-89786551
| | - Xudong He
- Yangzhou Center for Food and Drug ControlYangzhouJiangsu 225009People's Republic of China
| | - Jinpeng Xu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Yangzhou UniversityYangzhouJiangsu 225009People's Republic of China+86-514-89786551+86-514-89786551
| | - Zhengfei Yang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Yangzhou UniversityYangzhouJiangsu 225009People's Republic of China+86-514-89786551+86-514-89786551
| | - Weiming Fang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Yangzhou UniversityYangzhouJiangsu 225009People's Republic of China+86-514-89786551+86-514-89786551
| | - Yongqi Yin
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Yangzhou UniversityYangzhouJiangsu 225009People's Republic of China+86-514-89786551+86-514-89786551
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15
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Wang K, Xing Q, Ahammed GJ, Zhou J. Functions and prospects of melatonin in plant growth, yield, and quality. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2022; 73:5928-5946. [PMID: 35640564 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erac233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Melatonin (N-acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine) is an indole molecule widely found in animals and plants. It is well known that melatonin improves plant resistance to various biotic and abiotic stresses due to its potent free radical scavenging ability while being able to modulate plant signaling and response pathways through mostly unknown mechanisms. In recent years, an increasing number of studies have shown that melatonin plays a crucial role in improving crop quality and yield by participating in the regulation of various aspects of plant growth and development. Here, we review the effects of melatonin on plant vegetative growth and reproductive development, and systematically summarize its molecular regulatory network. Moreover, the effective concentrations of exogenously applied melatonin in different crops or at different growth stages of the same crop are analysed. In addition, we compare endogenous phytomelatonin concentrations in various crops and different organs, and evaluate a potential function of phytomelatonin in plant circadian rhythms. The prospects of different approaches in regulating crop yield and quality through exogenous application of appropriate concentrations of melatonin, endogenous modification of phytomelatonin metabolism-related genes, and the use of nanomaterials and other technologies to improve melatonin utilization efficiency are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaixin Wang
- Department of Horticulture/Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Integrative Biology, Zhejiang University, Yuhangtang Road 866, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- Hainan Institute, Zhejiang University, Sanya 572025, China
| | - Qufan Xing
- Department of Horticulture/Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Integrative Biology, Zhejiang University, Yuhangtang Road 866, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Golam Jalal Ahammed
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, 471023, China
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Stress Resistance Regulation and Safe Production of Protected Vegetables, Luoyang, 471023, China
| | - Jie Zhou
- Department of Horticulture/Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Integrative Biology, Zhejiang University, Yuhangtang Road 866, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- Hainan Institute, Zhejiang University, Sanya 572025, China
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plants Growth, Development and Quality Improvement, Agricultural Ministry of China, Yuhangtang Road 866, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- Shandong (Linyi) Institute of Modern Agriculture, Zhejiang University, Linyi, 276000, China
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16
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Zhao D, Luan Y, Shi W, Tang Y, Huang X, Tao J. Melatonin enhances stem strength by increasing lignin content and secondary cell wall thickness in herbaceous peony. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2022; 73:5974-5991. [PMID: 35436332 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erac165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/16/2022] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Cut flower quality is severely restrained by stem bending due to low stem strength. Melatonin has been shown to function in many aspects of plant growth and development, yet whether it can enhance stem strength, and the corresponding underlying mechanisms remain unclear. We investigated the role of melatonin in enhancement of stem strength in herbaceous peony (Paeonia lactiflora Pall.) by applying exogenous melatonin and changing endogenous melatonin biosynthesis. Endogenous melatonin content positively correlated with lignin content and stem strength in various P. lactiflora cultivars. Supplementation with exogenous melatonin significantly enhanced stem strength by increasing lignin content and the S/G lignin compositional ratio, up-regulating lignin biosynthetic gene expression. Moreover, overexpression of TRYPTOPHAN DECARBOXYLASE GENE (TDC) responsible for the first committed step of melatonin biosynthesis in tobacco, significantly increased endogenous melatonin, which further increased the S/G ratio and stem strength. In contrast, silencing PlTDC in P. lactiflora decreased endogenous melatonin, the S/G ratio and stem strength. Finally, manipulating the expression of CAFFEIC ACID O-METHYLTRANSFERASE GENE (COMT1), which is involved in both melatonin and lignin biosynthesis, showed even greater effects on melatonin, the S/G ratio and stem strength. Our results suggest that melatonin has a positive regulatory effect on P. lactiflora stem strength.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daqiu Zhao
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Yuting Luan
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Wenbo Shi
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Yuhan Tang
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Xingqi Huang
- Department of Biochemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - Jun Tao
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
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Chen X, Wu Z, Yin Z, Zhang Y, Rui C, Wang J, Malik WA, Lu X, Wang D, Wang J, Guo L, Wang S, Zhao L, Zebinisso Qaraevna B, Chen C, Wang X, Ye W. Comprehensive genomic characterization of cotton cationic amino acid transporter genes reveals that GhCAT10D regulates salt tolerance. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2022; 22:441. [PMID: 36109698 PMCID: PMC9476346 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-022-03829-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The cationic amino acid transporters (CAT) play indispensable roles in maintaining metabolic functions, such as synthesis of proteins and nitric oxide (NO), biosynthesis of polyamine, and flow of amino acids, by mediating the bidirectional transport of cationic amino acids in plant cells. RESULTS In this study, we performed a genome-wide and comprehensive study of 79 CAT genes in four species of cotton. Localization of genes revealed that CAT genes reside on the plasma membrane. Seventy-nine CAT genes were grouped into 7 subfamilies by phylogenetic analysis. Structure analysis of genes showed that CAT genes from the same subgroup have similar genetic structure and exon number. RNA-seq and real-time PCR indicated that the expression of most GhCAT genes were induced by salt, drought, cold and heat stresses. Cis-elements analysis of GhCAT promoters showed that the GhCAT genes promoters mainly contained plant hormones responsive elements and abiotic stress elements, which indicated that GhCAT genes may play key roles in response to abiotic stress. Moreover, we also conducted gene interaction network of the GhCAT proteins. Silencing GhCAT10D expression decreased the resistance of cotton to salt stress because of a decrease in the accumulation of NO and proline. CONCLUSION Our results indicated that CAT genes might be related with salt tolerance in cotton and lay a foundation for further study on the regulation mechanism of CAT genes in cationic amino acids transporting and distribution responsing to abiotic stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiugui Chen
- Institute of Cotton Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Anyang, 455000, Henan, China
| | - Zhe Wu
- Institute of Coastal Agriculture, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Tangshan, 063299, Hebei, China
| | - Zujun Yin
- Institute of Cotton Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Anyang, 455000, Henan, China
| | - Yuexin Zhang
- Institute of Cotton Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Anyang, 455000, Henan, China
| | - Cun Rui
- Institute of Cotton Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Anyang, 455000, Henan, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Institute of Cotton Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Anyang, 455000, Henan, China
| | - Waqar Afzal Malik
- Institute of Cotton Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Anyang, 455000, Henan, China
| | - Xuke Lu
- Institute of Cotton Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Anyang, 455000, Henan, China
| | - Delong Wang
- Institute of Cotton Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Anyang, 455000, Henan, China
| | - Junjuan Wang
- Institute of Cotton Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Anyang, 455000, Henan, China
| | - Lixue Guo
- Institute of Cotton Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Anyang, 455000, Henan, China
| | - Shuai Wang
- Institute of Cotton Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Anyang, 455000, Henan, China
| | - Lanjie Zhao
- Institute of Cotton Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Anyang, 455000, Henan, China
| | - Bobokhonova Zebinisso Qaraevna
- Department of Cotton Growing, Genetics, Breeding and Seed, Tajik Agrarian University Named Shirinsho Shotemur Dushanbe, Dushanbe, Republic of Tajikistan
| | - Chao Chen
- Institute of Cotton Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Anyang, 455000, Henan, China
| | - Xiuping Wang
- Institute of Coastal Agriculture, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Tangshan, 063299, Hebei, China.
| | - Wuwei Ye
- Institute of Cotton Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Anyang, 455000, Henan, China.
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Wang Z, Chen G. Insights about circadian clock in glioma: From molecular pathways to therapeutic drugs. CNS Neurosci Ther 2022; 28:1930-1941. [PMID: 36066207 PMCID: PMC9627379 DOI: 10.1111/cns.13966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Revised: 08/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioma is characterized as the most aggressive brain tumor that occurred in the central nervous system. The circadian rhythm is an essential cyclic change system generated by the endogenous circadian clock. Current studies found that the circadian clock affects glioma pathophysiology. It is still controversial whether the circadian rhythm disruption is a cause or an effect of tumorigenesis. This review discussed the association between cell cycle and circadian clock and provided a prominent molecular theoretical basis for tumor therapy. We illustrated the external factors affecting the circadian clock including thermodynamics, hypoxia, post-translation, and microRNA, while the internal characteristics concerning the circadian clock in glioma involve stemness, metabolism, radiotherapy sensitivity, and chemotherapy sensitivity. We also summarized the molecular pathways and the therapeutic drugs involved in the glioma circadian rhythm. There are still many questions in this field waiting for further investigation. The results of glioma chronotherapy in sensitizing radiation therapy and chemotherapy have shown great therapeutic potential in improving clinical outcomes. These findings will help us further understand the characteristics of glioma pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zongqi Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery & Brain and Nerve Research LaboratoryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhouChina,Institute of Stroke ResearchSoochow UniversitySuzhouChina
| | - Gang Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery & Brain and Nerve Research LaboratoryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhouChina,Institute of Stroke ResearchSoochow UniversitySuzhouChina
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Heinzen AS, Steffens CA, Laus R, Soethe C, Miqueloto T, Lugaresi A, Soardi K, Talamini do Amarante CV. Blue mold control and volatile compounds in ‘Fuji’ apples treated with chitosan emulsion combined with essential oils. J FOOD PROCESS PRES 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/jfpp.17108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Angélica Schmitz Heinzen
- Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC), Avenida Luiz de Camões, 2090; CEP:88520‐000; Lages Santa Catarina Brazil
| | - Cristiano André Steffens
- Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC), Avenida Luiz de Camões, 2090; CEP:88520‐000; Lages Santa Catarina Brazil
| | - Rogério Laus
- Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC), Avenida Luiz de Camões, 2090; CEP:88520‐000; Lages Santa Catarina Brazil
| | - Cristina Soethe
- Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC), Avenida Luiz de Camões, 2090; CEP:88520‐000; Lages Santa Catarina Brazil
| | - Tiago Miqueloto
- Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC), Avenida Luiz de Camões, 2090; CEP:88520‐000; Lages Santa Catarina Brazil
| | - Adriana Lugaresi
- Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC), Avenida Luiz de Camões, 2090; CEP:88520‐000; Lages Santa Catarina Brazil
| | - Karina Soardi
- Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC), Avenida Luiz de Camões, 2090; CEP:88520‐000; Lages Santa Catarina Brazil
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Sheikhalipour M, Mohammadi SA, Esmaielpour B, Zareei E, Kulak M, Ali S, Nouraein M, Bahrami MK, Gohari G, Fotopoulos V. Exogenous melatonin increases salt tolerance in bitter melon by regulating ionic balance, antioxidant system and secondary metabolism-related genes. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2022; 22:380. [PMID: 35907823 PMCID: PMC9338570 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-022-03728-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2022] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Melatonin is a multi-functional molecule widely employed in order to mitigate abiotic stress factors, in general and salt stress in particular. Even though previous reports revealed that melatonin could exhibit roles in promoting seed germination and protecting plants during various developmental stages of several plant species under salt stress, no reports are available with respect to the regulatory acts of melatonin on the physiological and biochemical status as well as the expression levels of defense- and secondary metabolism-related related transcripts in bitter melon subjected to the salt stress. RESULTS Herewith the present study, we performed a comprehensive analysis of the physiological and ion balance, antioxidant system, as well as transcript analysis of defense-related genes (WRKY1, SOS1, PM H+-ATPase, SKOR, Mc5PTase7, and SOAR1) and secondary metabolism-related gene expression (MAP30, α-MMC, polypeptide-P, and PAL) in salt-stressed bitter melon (Momordica charantia L.) plants in response to melatonin treatment. In this regard, different levels of melatonin (0, 75 and 150 µM) were applied to mitigate salinity stress (0, 50 and 100 mM NaCl) in bitter melon. Accordingly, present findings revealed that 100 mM salinity stress decreased growth and photosynthesis parameters (SPAD, Fv/Fo, Y(II)), RWC, and some nutrient elements (K+, Ca2+, and P), while it increased Y(NO), Y(NPQ), proline, Na+, Cl-, H2O2, MDA, antioxidant enzyme activity, and lead to the induction of the examined genes. However, prsiming with 150 µM melatonin increased SPAD, Fv/Fo, Y(II)), RWC, and K+, Ca2+, and P concentration while decreased Y(NO), Y(NPQ), Na+, Cl-, H2O2, and MDA under salt stress. In addition, the antioxidant system and gene expression levels were increased by melatonin (150 µM). CONCLUSIONS Overall, it can be postulated that the application of melatonin (150 µM) has effective roles in alleviating the adverse impacts of salinity through critical modifications in plant metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morteza Sheikhalipour
- Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Horticulture, University of Mohagheh Ardebili, Ardebil, Iran
- Department of Plant Breeding and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Seyed Abolghasem Mohammadi
- Department of Plant Breeding and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
- Center for Cell Pathology, Department of Life Sciences, Khazar University, Baku, Azerbaijan
| | - Behrooz Esmaielpour
- Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Horticulture, University of Mohagheh Ardebili, Ardebil, Iran
| | - Elnaz Zareei
- Department of Horticultural Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Kurdistan, Sanandaj, Iran
| | - Muhittin Kulak
- Department of Herbal and Animal Production, Vocational School of Technical Sciences, Igdir University, Igdir, Türkiye
| | - Sajid Ali
- Department of Horticulture, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Mojtaba Nouraein
- Department of Plant Genetics and Production, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Maragheh, Maragheh, Iran
| | | | - Gholamreza Gohari
- Department of Horticultural Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Maragheh, Maragheh, Iran.
| | - Vasileios Fotopoulos
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, Biotechnology and Food Science, Cyprus University of Technology Limassol, Limassol, Cyprus
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Zhu M, Liu Y, Cai P, Duan X, Sang S, Qiu Z. Jasmonic acid pretreatment improves salt tolerance of wheat by regulating hormones biosynthesis and antioxidant capacity. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:968477. [PMID: 35937348 PMCID: PMC9355640 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.968477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Salt stress is a severe environmental factor that detrimentally affects wheat growth and production worldwide. Previous studies illustrate that exogenous jasmonic acid (JA) significantly improved salt tolerance in plants. However, little is known about the underlying molecular mechanisms of JA induced physiochemical changes in wheat seedlings under salt stress conditions. In this study, biophysiochemical and transcriptome analysis was conducted to explore the mechanisms of exogenous JA induced salt tolerance in wheat. Exogenous JA increased salt tolerance of wheat seedlings by alleviating membrane lipid oxidation, improving root morphology, enhancing the contents of ABA, JA and SA and increasing relative water content. In the RNA-seq profiles, we identified a total of 54,263 unigenes and 1,407 unigenes showed differentially expressed patterns in JA pretreated wheat seedlings exposed to salt stress comparing to those with salt stress alone. Subsequently, gene ontology (GO) and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis characterized that DEGs involved in linoleic acid metabolism and plant hormone signal transduction pathways were up-regulated predominantly in JA pretreated wheat seedlings exposed to salt stress. We noticed that genes that involved in antioxidative defense system and that encoding transcription factors were mainly up- or down-regulated. Moreover, SOD, POD, CAT and APX activities were increased in JA pretreated wheat seedlings exposed to salt stress, which is in accordance with the transcript profiles of the relevant genes. Taken together, our results demonstrate that the genes and enzymes involved in physiological and biochemical processes of antioxidant system, plant hormones and transcriptional regulation contributed to JA-mediated enhancement of salt tolerance in wheat. These findings will facilitate the elucidation of the potential molecular mechanisms associated with JA-dependent amelioration of salt stress in wheat and lay theoretical foundations for future studies concerning the improvement of plant tolerance to abiotic environmental stresses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mo Zhu
- College of Life Science, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, China
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Agricultural Microbial Ecology and Technology, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Yan Liu
- College of Life Science, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Pengkun Cai
- College of Life Science, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Xiao Duan
- College of Life Science, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Shifei Sang
- College of Life Science, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Zongbo Qiu
- College of Life Science, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, China
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Agricultural Microbial Ecology and Technology, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, China
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22
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Li S, Wang Y, Gao X, Lan J, Fu B. Comparative Physiological and Transcriptome Analysis Reveal the Molecular Mechanism of Melatonin in Regulating Salt Tolerance in Alfalfa ( Medicago sativa L.). FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:919177. [PMID: 35909721 PMCID: PMC9326453 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.919177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
As a high-quality legume forage, alfalfa is restricted by various abiotic stresses during its growth and development. Melatonin is a multifunctional signaling molecule that involves in plant defense against multiple stresses. However, little is known about its downstream signaling pathway and regulatory mechanisms in salt stress of alfalfa. In this study, we investigated the protective effects and key regulatory pathways of melatonin on alfalfa under salt tolerance. The results showed that melatonin promoted the growth of alfalfa seedlings under salt stress, as demonstrated by higher plant height, leaf area, and fresh weight. Melatonin treatment resulted in an increase in the photosynthetic capacity and starch content of alfalfa. Moreover, melatonin decreased cell membrane damage and reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation by enhancing antioxidant defense activity under salt stress conditions. Transcriptome sequencing (RNA-seq) analysis revealed that melatonin mainly induced the transcription of genes involved in Ca2+ signaling (cyclic nucleotide gated channel, CNGCs; cam modulin/calmodulin-like protein, CAM/CMLs and calcium-dependent protein kinase, CDPKs), starch and sucrose metabolism (α-amylase, AMYs; β-amylase, BAMs; starch synthase, SSs and sucrose synthase, SUSs), plant hormone signal transduction (auxin/indole acetic acid protein, AUX/IAAs; ABA receptor, PYL4; protein phosphatase 2C, PP2Cs; scarecrow-like protein, SCLs and ethylene-responsive transcription factor 1B, ERF1B), and key transcription factors (C3Hs, MYBs, ERFs, and WRKYs). Specifically, we focused on starch and sucrose metabolism and plant hormone signal transduction pathways. The interactions between melatonin and other phytohormones occurred via regulation of the expression of genes involved in hormone signaling pathways. In addition, melatonin increased the contents of endogenous melatonin, auxin, gibberellic acid (GA3), salicylic acid, brassinosteroids, and ethylene, while decreasing the abscisic acid content under salt stress. In summary, this study established a regulatory network for melatonin-induced key signaling pathways and functional genes under salt stress and provided a theoretical basis for salt tolerance breeding in alfalfa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuxia Li
- School of Agriculture, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, China
- Ningxia Grassland and Animal Husbandry Engineering Technology Research Center, Yinchuan, China
| | - Yuan Wang
- School of Agriculture, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Xueqin Gao
- School of Agriculture, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, China
- Ningxia Grassland and Animal Husbandry Engineering Technology Research Center, Yinchuan, China
| | - Jian Lan
- School of Agriculture, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, China
- Ningxia Grassland and Animal Husbandry Engineering Technology Research Center, Yinchuan, China
| | - Bingzhe Fu
- School of Agriculture, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, China
- Ningxia Grassland and Animal Husbandry Engineering Technology Research Center, Yinchuan, China
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23
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Zhang M, Liu S, Tong S, Zhang D, Qi Q, Wang Y, Wang X, An Y, Lu X. Effects of Melatonin Priming on Suaeda corniculata Seed Germination, Antioxidant Defense, and Reserve Mobilization: Implications for Salinized Wetland Restoration. Front Ecol Evol 2022. [DOI: 10.3389/fevo.2022.941032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Melatonin priming has been widely reported to positively affect seed germination under abiotic stresses. However, there is still a gap in knowledge on how melatonin priming impacts the seed germination and physiological change of wetland plant species. We assessed the effects of different melatonin concentrations on germination characteristics, antioxidant defense, and reserve mobilization of Suaeda corniculata seeds. Priming of S. corniculata seeds with 50 μM melatonin significantly improved the germination rate, germination speed, germination index, superoxide dismutase and peroxidase activity, and soluble sugar content as compared with the control, and effectively reduced the malondialdehyde content, promoted starch, soluble protein, and fat mobilization. However, the stress tolerance ability of S. corniculata seeds was reduced by high melatonin concentration. The structural equation model indicated that the melatonin priming directly affects the seed germination, while also indirectly regulating the antioxidant defense system and reserve mobilization. In conclusion, melatonin priming affects the S. corniculata seed germination under salinization stress in a concentration-dependent manner via both direct and indirect regulatory pathways. Insights into these aspects will advance our understanding of how melatonin priming affects S. corniculata seed germination and provide invaluable information and technical support for the restoration of salinized wetlands in the Momoge National Nature Reserve.
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Li N, Wang Z, Wang B, Wang J, Xu R, Yang T, Huang S, Wang H, Yu Q. Identification and Characterization of Long Non-coding RNA in Tomato Roots Under Salt Stress. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:834027. [PMID: 35865296 PMCID: PMC9295719 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.834027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
As one of the most important vegetable crops in the world, the production of tomatoes was restricted by salt stress. Therefore, it is of great interest to analyze the salt stress tolerance genes. As the non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) with a length of more than 200 nucleotides, long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) lack the ability of protein-coding, but they can play crucial roles in plant development and response to abiotic stresses by regulating gene expression. Nevertheless, there are few studies on the roles of salt-induced lncRNAs in tomatoes. Therefore, we selected wild tomato Solanum pennellii (S. pennellii) and cultivated tomato M82 to be materials. By high-throughput sequencing, 1,044 putative lncRNAs were identified here. Among them, 154 and 137 lncRNAs were differentially expressed in M82 and S. pennellii, respectively. Through functional analysis of target genes of differentially expressed lncRNAs (DE-lncRNAs), some genes were found to respond positively to salt stress by participating in abscisic acid (ABA) signaling pathway, brassinosteroid (BR) signaling pathway, ethylene (ETH) signaling pathway, and anti-oxidation process. We also construct a salt-induced lncRNA-mRNA co-expression network to dissect the putative mechanisms of high salt tolerance in S. pennellii. We analyze the function of salt-induced lncRNAs in tomato roots at the genome-wide levels for the first time. These results will contribute to understanding the molecular mechanisms of salt tolerance in tomatoes from the perspective of lncRNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Li
- Institute of Horticulture Crops, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi, China
- Key Laboratory of Horticulture Crop Genomics and Genetic Improvement in Xinjiang, Urumqi, China
| | - Zhongyu Wang
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Baike Wang
- Institute of Horticulture Crops, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi, China
- Key Laboratory of Horticulture Crop Genomics and Genetic Improvement in Xinjiang, Urumqi, China
| | - Juan Wang
- Institute of Horticulture Crops, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi, China
- Key Laboratory of Horticulture Crop Genomics and Genetic Improvement in Xinjiang, Urumqi, China
| | - Ruiqiang Xu
- Institute of Horticulture Crops, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi, China
- Key Laboratory of Horticulture Crop Genomics and Genetic Improvement in Xinjiang, Urumqi, China
| | - Tao Yang
- Institute of Horticulture Crops, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi, China
- Key Laboratory of Horticulture Crop Genomics and Genetic Improvement in Xinjiang, Urumqi, China
| | - Shaoyong Huang
- Institute of Horticulture Crops, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi, China
- Key Laboratory of Horticulture Crop Genomics and Genetic Improvement in Xinjiang, Urumqi, China
| | - Huan Wang
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qinghui Yu
- Institute of Horticulture Crops, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi, China
- Key Laboratory of Horticulture Crop Genomics and Genetic Improvement in Xinjiang, Urumqi, China
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Ahmad I, Zhu G, Zhou G, Song X, Hussein Ibrahim ME, Ibrahim Salih EG, Hussain S, Younas MU. Pivotal Role of Phytohormones and Their Responsive Genes in Plant Growth and Their Signaling and Transduction Pathway under Salt Stress in Cotton. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23137339. [PMID: 35806344 PMCID: PMC9266544 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23137339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Revised: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The presence of phyto-hormones in plants at relatively low concentrations plays an indispensable role in regulating crop growth and yield. Salt stress is one of the major abiotic stresses limiting cotton production. It has been reported that exogenous phyto-hormones are involved in various plant defense systems against salt stress. Recently, different studies revealed the pivotal performance of hormones in regulating cotton growth and yield. However, a comprehensive understanding of these exogenous hormones, which regulate cotton growth and yield under salt stress, is lacking. In this review, we focused on new advances in elucidating the roles of exogenous hormones (gibberellin (GA) and salicylic acid (SA)) and their signaling and transduction pathways and the cross-talk between GA and SA in regulating crop growth and development under salt stress. In this review, we not only focused on the role of phyto-hormones but also identified the roles of GA and SA responsive genes to salt stress. Our aim is to provide a comprehensive review of the performance of GA and SA and their responsive genes under salt stress, assisting in the further elucidation of the mechanism that plant hormones use to regulate growth and yield under salt stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irshad Ahmad
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (I.A.); (M.E.H.I.); (E.G.I.S.)
| | - Guanglong Zhu
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (I.A.); (M.E.H.I.); (E.G.I.S.)
- Correspondence: (G.Z.); (G.Z.)
| | - Guisheng Zhou
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (I.A.); (M.E.H.I.); (E.G.I.S.)
- Key Lab of Crop Genetics & Physiology of Jiangsu Province, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
- Correspondence: (G.Z.); (G.Z.)
| | - Xudong Song
- Jiangsu Yanjiang Area Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Nantong 226541, China;
| | - Muhi Eldeen Hussein Ibrahim
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (I.A.); (M.E.H.I.); (E.G.I.S.)
- Department of Agronomy, College of Agricultural Studies, Sudan University of Science and Technology, Khartoum 13311, Sudan
| | - Ebtehal Gabralla Ibrahim Salih
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (I.A.); (M.E.H.I.); (E.G.I.S.)
| | - Shahid Hussain
- Institutes of Agricultural Science and Technology Development, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China;
| | - Muhammad Usama Younas
- Department of Crop Genetics and Breeding, College of Agriculture, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China;
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Hassan MU, Mahmood A, Awan MI, Maqbool R, Aamer M, Alhaithloul HAS, Huang G, Skalicky M, Brestic M, Pandey S, El Sabagh A, Qari SH. Melatonin-Induced Protection Against Plant Abiotic Stress: Mechanisms and Prospects. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:902694. [PMID: 35755707 PMCID: PMC9218792 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.902694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Global warming in this century increases incidences of various abiotic stresses restricting plant growth and productivity and posing a severe threat to global food production and security. The plant produces different osmolytes and hormones to combat the harmful effects of these abiotic stresses. Melatonin (MT) is a plant hormone that possesses excellent properties to improve plant performance under different abiotic stresses. It is associated with improved physiological and molecular processes linked with seed germination, growth and development, photosynthesis, carbon fixation, and plant defence against other abiotic stresses. In parallel, MT also increased the accumulation of multiple osmolytes, sugars and endogenous hormones (auxin, gibberellic acid, and cytokinins) to mediate resistance to stress. Stress condition in plants often produces reactive oxygen species. MT has excellent antioxidant properties and substantially scavenges reactive oxygen species by increasing the activity of enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants under stress conditions. Moreover, the upregulation of stress-responsive and antioxidant enzyme genes makes it an excellent stress-inducing molecule. However, MT produced in plants is not sufficient to induce stress tolerance. Therefore, the development of transgenic plants with improved MT biosynthesis could be a promising approach to enhancing stress tolerance. This review, therefore, focuses on the possible role of MT in the induction of various abiotic stresses in plants. We further discussed MT biosynthesis and the critical role of MT as a potential antioxidant for improving abiotic stress tolerance. In addition, we also addressed MT biosynthesis and shed light on future research directions. Therefore, this review would help readers learn more about MT in a changing environment and provide new suggestions on how this knowledge could be used to develop stress tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Umair Hassan
- Research Center on Ecological Sciences, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
| | - Athar Mahmood
- Department of Agronomy, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Masood Iqbal Awan
- Department of Agronomy, Sub-Campus Depalpur, Okara, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Rizwan Maqbool
- Department of Agronomy, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Aamer
- Research Center on Ecological Sciences, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
- Department of Agronomy, Sub-Campus Depalpur, Okara, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | | | - Guoqin Huang
- Research Center on Ecological Sciences, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
| | - Milan Skalicky
- Department of Botany and Plant Physiology, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food, and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czechia
| | - Marian Brestic
- Department of Botany and Plant Physiology, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food, and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czechia
- Department of Plant Physiology, Slovak University of Agriculture, Nitra, Slovakia
| | - Saurabh Pandey
- Department of Agriculture, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, India
| | - Ayman El Sabagh
- Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafr El-Sheikh, Egypt
- Department of Field Crops, Faculty of Agriculture, Siirt University, Siirt, Turkey
| | - Sameer H. Qari
- Department of Biology, Al-Jumum University College, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
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Exogenous Melatonin Protects Lime Plants from Drought Stress-Induced Damage by Maintaining Cell Membrane Structure, Detoxifying ROS and Regulating Antioxidant Systems. HORTICULTURAE 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/horticulturae8030257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Lime is an important commercial product in tropical and subtropical regions, where drought stress is becoming one of the most severe environmental challenges in the agricultural sector. Melatonin is an antioxidant molecule that helps plants regulate their development and respond to a variety of stresses. In this research, the effects of exogenous melatonin treatments were evaluated at different concentrations (0, 50, 100, and 150 μM) on biochemical aspects and gene expression in two species of lime plants (“Mexican lime” and “Persian lime”) under normal (100% field capacity (FC)) and drought stress conditions (75% and 40% FC). The experiments were factorial and based on a completely randomized design (CRD) with four replicates. Drought stress caused electrolyte leakage (EL) as well as accumulations of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and malondialdehyde (MDA), indicating the occurrence of damage to cellular membranes. In contrast, the melatonin pretreatment at various concentrations reduced the levels of EL, H2O2 and MDA while mitigating the negative effects of drought stress on the two lime species. The application of melatonin (100-μM) significantly increased the level of proline content and activity of antioxidant enzymes in plants under drought stress compared to control plants. According to real-time PCR analysis, drought stress and melatonin treatment enhanced the expression of genes involved in ROS scavenging, proline biosynthesis, and cell redox regulation in both species, as compared to their respective controls. According to these findings, melatonin is able to detoxify ROS and regulate antioxidant systems, thereby protecting lime plants from drought stress-induced damages.
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Zhang Y, Rui C, Fan Y, Xu N, Zhang H, Wang J, Sun L, Dai M, Ni K, Chen X, Lu X, Wang D, Wang J, Wang S, Guo L, Zhao L, Feng X, Chen C, Ye W. Identification of SNAT Family Genes Suggests GhSNAT3D Functional Reponse to Melatonin Synthesis Under Salinity Stress in Cotton. Front Mol Biosci 2022; 9:843814. [PMID: 35223998 PMCID: PMC8867073 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2022.843814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Serotonin N-acetyltransferase (SNAT) is a key enzyme in the biosynthesis of melatonin, and plays an important role in the regulation of melatonin synthesis. The study of SNAT is of great significance to understand the function of melatonin. In this study, we analyzed the structural characteristics, phylogenetic relationship, gene structure, expression pattern, evolutionary relationship and stress response of the members of the SNAT gene family in upland cotton through bioinformatics. A putative Serotonin n-acetyltransferase gene GhSNAT3D was identified, and preliminarily function of GhSNAT3D was verified by virus-induced gene silencing. We identified a total of 52 SNAT genes in the whole genome of G. hirsutum, and part of the GhSNATs were regulated by exogenous melatonin. The content of melatonin, antioxidant enzyme activity and Ca2+ content of GhSNAT3D gene silenced plants decreased, and the salt tolerance of GhSNAT3D gene silenced plants was reduced. Exogenous melatonin supplementation restored the salt tolerance of GhSNAT3D gene silenced plants. GhSNAT3D may interact with GhSNAT25D and ASMT to regulate melatonin synthesis. This study provided an important basis for further study on the regulation of melatonin in cotton against abiotic stress.
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Zeng W, Mostafa S, Lu Z, Jin B. Melatonin-Mediated Abiotic Stress Tolerance in Plants. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:847175. [PMID: 35615125 PMCID: PMC9125191 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.847175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Melatonin is a multi-functional molecule that is ubiquitous in all living organisms. Melatonin performs essential roles in plant stress tolerance; its application can reduce the harmful effects of abiotic stresses. Plant melatonin biosynthesis, which usually occurs within chloroplasts, and its related metabolic pathways have been extensively characterized. Melatonin regulates plant stress responses by directly inhibiting the accumulation of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species, and by indirectly affecting stress response pathways. In this review, we summarize recent research concerning melatonin biosynthesis, metabolism, and antioxidation; we focus on melatonin-mediated tolerance to abiotic stresses including drought, waterlogging, salt, heat, cold, heavy metal toxicity, light and others. We also examine exogenous melatonin treatment in plants under abiotic stress. Finally, we discuss future perspectives in melatonin research and its applications in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Zeng
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Salma Mostafa
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Department of Floriculture, Faculty of Agriculture, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Zhaogeng Lu
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Zhaogeng Lu,
| | - Biao Jin
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Biao Jin,
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Kumar G, Arya M, Padma R, Puthusseri B, Giridhar P. Distinct GmASMTs are involved in regulating transcription factors and signalling cross-talk across embryo development, biotic, and abiotic stress in soybean. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:948901. [PMID: 36035712 PMCID: PMC9403468 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.948901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
N-Acetylserotonin O-methyltransferase (ASMT) is the final enzyme involved in melatonin biosynthesis. Identifying the expression of ASMT will reveal the regulatory role in the development and stress conditions in soybean. To identify and characterize ASMT in soybean (GmASMT), we employed genome-wide analysis, gene structure, cis-acting elements, gene expression, co-expression network analysis, and enzyme assay. We found seven pairs of segmental and tandem duplication pairs among the 44 identified GmASMTs by genome-wide analysis. Notably, co-expression network analysis reported that distinct GmASMTs are involved in various stress response. For example, GmASMT3, GmASMT44, GmASMT17, and GmASMT7 are involved in embryo development, heat, drought, aphid, and soybean cyst nematode infections, respectively. These distinct networks of GmASMTs were associated with transcription factors (NAC, MYB, WRKY, and ERF), stress signalling, isoflavone and secondary metabolites, calcium, and calmodulin proteins involved in stress regulation. Further, GmASMTs demonstrated auxin-like activities by regulating the genes involved in auxin transporter (WAT1 and NRT1/PTR) and auxin-responsive protein during developmental and biotic stress. The current study identified the key regulatory role of GmASMTs during development and stress. Hence GmASMT could be the primary target in genetic engineering for crop improvement under changing environmental conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gyanendra Kumar
- Plant Cell Biotechnology Department, CSIR-Central Food Technological Research Institute, Mysore, Karnataka, India
| | - Monisha Arya
- Plant Cell Biotechnology Department, CSIR-Central Food Technological Research Institute, Mysore, Karnataka, India
| | - Radhika Padma
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Bijesh Puthusseri
- Plant Cell Biotechnology Department, CSIR-Central Food Technological Research Institute, Mysore, Karnataka, India
| | - Parvatam Giridhar
- Plant Cell Biotechnology Department, CSIR-Central Food Technological Research Institute, Mysore, Karnataka, India
- *Correspondence: Parvatam Giridhar,
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Zhang Y, Wang J, Chen X, Lu X, Wang D, Wang J, Wang S, Chen C, Guo L, Malik WA, Fan Y, Rui C, Cui R, Wang Q, Lei Y, Ye W. Genome-wide identification and characteristic analysis of the downstream melatonin metabolism gene GhM2H in Gossypium hirsutum L. Biol Res 2021; 54:36. [PMID: 34736526 PMCID: PMC8567562 DOI: 10.1186/s40659-021-00358-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2020] [Accepted: 10/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Melatonin 2-hydroxylase (M2H) is the first enzyme in the catabolism pathway of melatonin, which catalyzes the production of 2-hydroxymelatonin (2-OHM) from melatonin. The content of 2-hydroxymelatonin in plants is much higher than that of melatonin. So M2H may be a key enzyme in the metabolic pathway of melatonin. Method We conducted a systematic analysis of the M2H gene family in Gossypium hirsutum based on the whole genome sequence by integrating the structural characteristics, phylogenetic relationships, expression profile, and biological stress of the members of the Gossypium hirsutum M2H gene family. Result We identified 265 M2H genes in the whole genome of Gossypium hirsutum, which were divided into 7 clades (clades I-VII) according to phylogenetic analysis. Most M2H members in each group had similar motif composition and gene structure characteristics. More than half of GhM2H members contain ABA-responsive elements and MeJA-responsive elements. Under different stress conditions, the expression levels of the gene changed, indicating that GhM2H members were involved in the regulation of abiotic stress. Some genes in the GhM2H family were involved in regulating melatonin levels in cotton under salt stress, and some genes were regulated by exogenous melatonin. Conclusion This study is helpful to explore the function of GhM2H, the downstream metabolism gene of melatonin in cotton, and lay the foundation for better exploring the molecular mechanism of melatonin improving cotton's response to abiotic stress. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s40659-021-00358-y.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuexin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology/Institute of Cotton Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou Research Base, School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University Research Base, Zhengzhou University/Key Laboratory for Cotton Genetic Improvement, MOA, Anyang, Henan, China
| | - Jing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology/Institute of Cotton Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou Research Base, School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University Research Base, Zhengzhou University/Key Laboratory for Cotton Genetic Improvement, MOA, Anyang, Henan, China
| | - Xiugui Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology/Institute of Cotton Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou Research Base, School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University Research Base, Zhengzhou University/Key Laboratory for Cotton Genetic Improvement, MOA, Anyang, Henan, China
| | - Xuke Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology/Institute of Cotton Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou Research Base, School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University Research Base, Zhengzhou University/Key Laboratory for Cotton Genetic Improvement, MOA, Anyang, Henan, China
| | - Delong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology/Institute of Cotton Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou Research Base, School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University Research Base, Zhengzhou University/Key Laboratory for Cotton Genetic Improvement, MOA, Anyang, Henan, China
| | - Junjuan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology/Institute of Cotton Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou Research Base, School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University Research Base, Zhengzhou University/Key Laboratory for Cotton Genetic Improvement, MOA, Anyang, Henan, China
| | - Shuai Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology/Institute of Cotton Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou Research Base, School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University Research Base, Zhengzhou University/Key Laboratory for Cotton Genetic Improvement, MOA, Anyang, Henan, China
| | - Chao Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology/Institute of Cotton Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou Research Base, School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University Research Base, Zhengzhou University/Key Laboratory for Cotton Genetic Improvement, MOA, Anyang, Henan, China
| | - Lixue Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology/Institute of Cotton Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou Research Base, School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University Research Base, Zhengzhou University/Key Laboratory for Cotton Genetic Improvement, MOA, Anyang, Henan, China
| | - Waqar Afzal Malik
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology/Institute of Cotton Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou Research Base, School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University Research Base, Zhengzhou University/Key Laboratory for Cotton Genetic Improvement, MOA, Anyang, Henan, China
| | - Yapeng Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology/Institute of Cotton Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou Research Base, School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University Research Base, Zhengzhou University/Key Laboratory for Cotton Genetic Improvement, MOA, Anyang, Henan, China
| | - Cun Rui
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology/Institute of Cotton Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou Research Base, School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University Research Base, Zhengzhou University/Key Laboratory for Cotton Genetic Improvement, MOA, Anyang, Henan, China
| | - Ruifeng Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology/Institute of Cotton Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou Research Base, School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University Research Base, Zhengzhou University/Key Laboratory for Cotton Genetic Improvement, MOA, Anyang, Henan, China
| | - Qinqin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology/Institute of Cotton Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou Research Base, School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University Research Base, Zhengzhou University/Key Laboratory for Cotton Genetic Improvement, MOA, Anyang, Henan, China
| | - Yuqian Lei
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology/Institute of Cotton Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou Research Base, School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University Research Base, Zhengzhou University/Key Laboratory for Cotton Genetic Improvement, MOA, Anyang, Henan, China
| | - Wuwei Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology/Institute of Cotton Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou Research Base, School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University Research Base, Zhengzhou University/Key Laboratory for Cotton Genetic Improvement, MOA, Anyang, Henan, China.
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