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Ali I, Hussain J, Yanwisetpakdee B, Iqbal I, Chen X. The effects of monoculture and intercropping on photosynthesis performance correlated with growth of garlic and perennial ryegrass response to different heavy metals. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 24:659. [PMID: 38987675 PMCID: PMC11238380 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-024-05371-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 07/02/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The potential of phytoremediation using garlic monoculture (MC) and intercropping (IC) system with perennial ryegrass to enhance the uptake of cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr), and lead (Pb) were investigated. RESULTS Positive correlations were found between MC and IC systems, with varying biomass. Production of perennial ryegrass was affected differently depending on the type of toxic metal present in the soil. Root growth inhibition was more affected than shoot growth inhibition. The total biomass of shoot and root in IC was higher than MC, increasing approximately 3.7 and 2.9 fold compared to MC, attributed to advantages in root IC crop systems. Photosystem II efficiency showed less sensitivity to metal toxicity compared to the control, with a decrease between 10.07-12.03%. Among gas exchange parameters, only Cr significantly affected physiological responses by reducing transpiration by 69.24%, likely due to leaf chlorosis and necrosis. CONCLUSION This study exhibited the potential of garlic MC and IC with perennial ryegrass in phytoremediation. Although the different metals affect plant growth differently, IC showed advantages over MC in term biomass production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imran Ali
- College of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang Sichuan, 621010, China.
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan.
- Institute of Biochemistry, University of Balochistan, 87300, Quetta, Pakistan.
| | - Javaid Hussain
- College of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang Sichuan, 621010, China
| | - Benjawan Yanwisetpakdee
- Biology Program, Faculty of Science and Technology, Songkhla Rajabhat University, Songkhla, 90000, Thailand.
| | - Irfana Iqbal
- College of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang Sichuan, 621010, China
| | - Xiaoming Chen
- College of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang Sichuan, 621010, China.
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2
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Murtaza G, Rizwan M, Usman M, Hyder S, Akram MI, Deeb M, Alkahtani J, AlMunqedhi BM, Hendy AS, Ali MR, Iqbal R, Harsonowati W, Habib Ur Rahman M, Rizwan M. Biochar enhances the growth and physiological characteristics of Medicago sativa, Amaranthus caudatus and Zea mays in saline soils. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 24:304. [PMID: 38644487 PMCID: PMC11034111 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-024-04957-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024]
Abstract
Biochar is a promising solution to alleviate the negative impacts of salinity stress on agricultural production. Biochar derived from food waste effect was investigated on three plant species, Medicago sativa, Amaranthus caudatus, and Zea mays, under saline environments. The results showed that biochar improved significantly the height by 30%, fresh weight of shoot by 35% and root by 45% of all three species compared to control (saline soil without biochar adding), as well as enhanced their photosynthetic pigments and enzyme activities in soil. This positive effect varied significantly between the 3 plants highlighting the importance of the plant-biochar interactions. Thus, the application of biochar is a promising solution to enhance the growth, root morphology, and physiological characteristics of plants under salt-induced stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghulam Murtaza
- Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Muhammad Rizwan
- School of Energy Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China.
| | - Muhammad Usman
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Minghang District, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Sajjad Hyder
- Department of Botany, Government College Women University Sialkot, Sialkot, 51310, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Irfan Akram
- Department of Entomology, Faculty of Agriculture and Environment, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, 63000, Pakistan
| | - Maha Deeb
- Soils and Substrates, HEPIA, HES-SO University of Applied Sciences and Arts Western Switzerland, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Jawaher Alkahtani
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P. O. 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Bandar M AlMunqedhi
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P. O. 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - A S Hendy
- Department of Computational Mathematics and Computer Science, Institute of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, Ural Federal University, 19 Mira St., Yekaterinburg, 620002, Russia
| | - Mohamed R Ali
- Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Future University in Egypt, New Cairo, 11835, Egypt
- Basic Engineering Science Department, Benha Faculty of Engineering, Benha University, Benha, 13518, Egypt
| | - Rashid Iqbal
- Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture and Environment, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, 63100, Pakistan.
| | - Wiwiek Harsonowati
- Research Center for Horticulture, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Cibinong, 16915, Bogor, Indonesia
| | - Muhammed Habib Ur Rahman
- Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation (INRES), University of Bonn, 53115, Bonn, Germany
| | - Muhammad Rizwan
- Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation (INRES), University of Bonn, 53115, Bonn, Germany.
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3
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Ma J, Hua Z, Zhu Y, Saleem MH, Zulfiqar F, Chen F, Abbas T, El-Sheikh MA, Yong JWH, Adil MF. Interaction of titanium dioxide nanoparticles with PVC-microplastics and chromium counteracts oxidative injuries in Trachyspermum ammi L. by modulating antioxidants and gene expression. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2024; 274:116181. [PMID: 38460406 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.116181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/11/2024]
Abstract
The emergence of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) microplastics (MPs) as pollutants in agricultural soils is increasingly alarming, presenting significant toxic threats to soil ecosystems. Ajwain (Trachyspermum ammi L.), a plant of significant medicinal and culinary value, is increasingly subjected to environmental stressors that threaten its growth and productivity. This situation is particularly acute given the well-documented toxicity of chromium (Cr), which has been shown to adversely affect plant biomass and escalate risks to the productivity of such economically and therapeutically important species. The present study was conducted to investigate the individual effects of different levels of PVC-MPs (0, 2, and 4 mg L-1) and Cr (0, 150, and 300 mg kg-1) on various aspects of plant growth. Specifically, we examined growth and biomass, photosynthetic pigments, gas exchange attributes, oxidative stress responses, antioxidant compound activity (both enzymatic and nonenzymatic), gene expression, sugar content, nutritional status, organic acid exudation, and Cr accumulation in different parts of Ajwain (Trachyspermum ammi L.) seedlings, which were also exposed to varying levels of titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles (NPs) (0, 25, and 50 µg mL-1). Results from the present study showed that the increasing levels of Cr and PVC-MPs in soils significantly decreased plant growth and biomass, photosynthetic pigments, gas exchange attributes, sugars, and nutritional contents from the roots and shoots of the plants. Conversely, increasing levels of Cr and PVC-MPs in the soil increased oxidative stress indicators in term of malondialdehyde, hydrogen peroxide, and electrolyte leakage, and also increased organic acid exudation pattern in the roots of T. ammi seedlings. Interestingly, the application of TiO2-NPs counteracted the toxicity of Cr and PVC-MPs in T. ammi seedlings, leading to greater growth and biomass. This protective effect is facilitated by the NPs' ability to sequester reactive oxygen species, thereby reducing oxidative stress and lowering Cr concentrations in both the roots and shoots of the plants. Our research findings indicated that the application of TiO2-NPs has been shown to enhance the resilience of T. ammi seedlings to Cr and PVC-MPs toxicity, leading to not only improved biomass but also a healthier physiological state of the plants. This was demonstrated by a more balanced exudation of organic acids, which is a critical response mechanism to metal stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Ma
- School of Public Administration, Hohai University, Nanjing 211100, China
| | - Ziyi Hua
- School of Public Administration, Hohai University, Nanjing 211100, China
| | - Yanfeng Zhu
- Engineering Research Center of Ministry of Education for Mine Ecological Restoration, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221000, China
| | - Muhammad Hamzah Saleem
- Office of Academic Research, Office of VP for Research & Graduate Studies, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar
| | - Faisal Zulfiqar
- Department of Horticultural Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture and Environment, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan
| | - Fu Chen
- School of Public Administration, Hohai University, Nanjing 211100, China.
| | - Touqeer Abbas
- Department of Soil, Water and Climate, College of Food, Agriculture and Natural Resource Sciences, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108, USA; Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, University of Nebraska, 358 Keim Hall Lincoln, NE 68583-0915, USA
| | - Mohamed A El-Sheikh
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2460, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jean Wan Hong Yong
- Department of Biosystems and Technology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Alnarp 23456, Sweden.
| | - Muhammad Faheem Adil
- Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
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4
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Amin F, Al-Huqail AA, Ullah S, Khan MN, Kaplan A, Ali B, Iqbal M, Elsaid FG, Ercisli S, Malik T, Al-Robai SA, Abeed AHA. Mitigation effect of alpha-tocopherol and thermo-priming in Brassica napus L. under induced mercuric chloride stress. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 24:108. [PMID: 38347449 PMCID: PMC10863246 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-024-04767-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024]
Abstract
Soil pollution with heavy metals has grown to be a big hassle, leading to the loss in farming production particularly in developing countries like Pakistan, where no proper channel is present for irrigation and extraction of these toxic heavy metals. The present study aims to ameliorate the damages caused by heavy metal ions (Hg-Mercury) on rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) via a growth regulator (α-tocopherol 150 mg/L) and thermopriming technique at 4 °C and 50 °C to maintain plant agronomical and physiological characteristics. In pot experiments, we designed total of 11 treatments viz.( T0 (control), T1 (Hg4ppm), T2 (Hg8ppm), T3 (Hg4ppm + 4 °C), T4 (Hg4ppm + 4 °C + tocopherol (150 m/L)), T5 (Hg4ppm + 50 °C), T6 (Hg4ppm + 50 °C + tocopherol (150 mg/L)), T7 (Hg8ppm + 4 °C), T8 (Hg8ppm + 4 °C + tocopherol (150 mg/L)), T9 (Hg8ppm + 50 °C), T10 (Hg8ppm + 50 °C + tocopherol (150 mg/L) the results revealed that chlorophyll content at p < 0.05 with growth regulator and antioxidant enzymes such as catalase, peroxidase, and malondialdehyde enhanced up to the maximum level at T5 = Hg4ppm + 50 °C (50 °C thermopriming under 4 ppm mercuric chloride stress), suggesting that high temperature initiate the antioxidant system to reduce photosystem damage. However, protein, proline, superoxide dismutase at p < 0.05, and carotenoid, soluble sugar, and ascorbate peroxidase were increased non-significantly (p > 0.05) 50 °C thermopriming under 8 ppm high mercuric chloride stress (T9 = Hg8ppm + 50 °C) representing the tolerance of selected specie by synthesizing osmolytes to resist oxidation mechanism. Furthermore, reduction in % MC (moisture content) is easily improved with foliar application of α-tocopherol and 50 °C thermopriming and 4 ppm heavy metal stress at T6 = Hg4ppm + 50 °C + α-tocopherol (150 mg/L), with a remarkable increase in plant vigor and germination energy. It has resulted that the inhibitory effect of only lower concentration (4 ppm) of heavy metal stress was ameliorated by exogenous application of α-tocopherol and thermopriming technique by synthesizing high levels of proline and antioxidant activities in maintaining seedling growth and development on heavy metal contaminated soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fazal Amin
- Department of Botany, University of Peshawar, Peshawar, 25120, Pakistan
| | - Arwa Abdulkreem Al-Huqail
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh, 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sami Ullah
- Department of Botany, University of Peshawar, Peshawar, 25120, Pakistan.
| | - Muhammad Nauman Khan
- Department of Botany, Islamia College, Peshawar, 25120, Pakistan
- Biology Laboratory, University Public School, University of Peshawar, Peshawar, 25120, Pakistan
| | - Alevcan Kaplan
- Department of Crop and Animal Production, Sason Vocational School, Batman University, Batman, 72060, Turkey
| | - Baber Ali
- Department of Plant Sciences, Quaid-I-Azam University, Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan.
| | - Majid Iqbal
- Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100040, China
| | - Fahmy Gad Elsaid
- Biology Department, College of Science, King Khalid University, 61421, Abha, Al-Faraa, Asir, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sezai Ercisli
- Department of Horticulture, Agricultural Faculty, Ataturk University, Erzurum, 25240, Turkey
| | - Tabarak Malik
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Health, Jimma University, 378, Jimma, Ethiopia.
| | - Sami Asir Al-Robai
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Al-Baha University, 1988, Al-Baha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amany H A Abeed
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, Assiut, 71516, Egypt
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5
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Ugurlar F, Kaya C. Synergistic mitigation of nickel toxicity in pepper ( Capsicum annuum) by nitric oxide and thiourea via regulation of nitrogen metabolism and subcellular nickel distribution. FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY : FPB 2023; 50:1099-1116. [PMID: 37875021 DOI: 10.1071/fp23122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023]
Abstract
Nickel (Ni) contamination hinders plant growth and yield. Nitric oxide (NO) and thiourea (Thi) aid plant recovery from heavy metal damage, but their combined effects on pepper (Capsicum annuum ) plant tolerance to Ni stress need more study. Sodium nitroprusside (0.1mM, SNP) and 400mgL-1 Thi, alone and combined, were studied for their impact on pepper growth under Ni toxicity. Ni stress reduces chlorophyll, PSII efficiency and leaf water and sugar content. However, SNP and Thi alleviate these effects by increasing leaf water, proline and sugar content. It also increased the activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase, ascorbate peroxidase and peroxidase. Nickel stress lowered nitrogen assimilation enzymes (nitrate reductase, nitrite reductase, glutamine synthetase, glutamate synthase and glutamate dehydrogenase) and protein content, but increased nitrate, ammonium and amino acid content. SNP and Thi enhanced nitrogen assimilation, increased protein content and improved pepper plant growth and physiological functions during Ni stress. The combined treatment reduced Ni accumulation, increased Ni in leaf cell walls and potentially in root vacuoles, and decreased Ni concentration in cell organelles. It effectively mitigated Ni toxicity to vital organelles, surpassing the effects of SNP or Thi use alone. This study provides valuable insights for addressing heavy metal contamination in agricultural soils and offers potential strategies for sustainable and eco-friendly farming practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ferhat Ugurlar
- Soil Science and Plant Nutrition Department, Harran University, Sanliurfa, Turkey
| | - Cengiz Kaya
- Soil Science and Plant Nutrition Department, Harran University, Sanliurfa, Turkey
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6
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Al-Huqail AA, Saleem MH, Ali B, Azeem M, Mumtaz S, Yasin G, Marc RA, Ali S. Efficacy of priming wheat ( Triticum aestivum) seeds with a benzothiazine derivative to improve drought stress tolerance. FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY : FPB 2023; 50:915-931. [PMID: 36803683 DOI: 10.1071/fp22140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
We evaluated the effects of different concentrations (0.05 and 0.15mM) of a benzothiazine (BTh) derivative on wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) in normal (100% field water capacity, FWC) and drought (60% FWC) conditions. Various morphological and physiological characteristics, and the uptake of osmo-protectants and nutrients were measured under the two FWC conditions. Results show that the drought conditions significantly reduced plant growth, affected plant composition, reduced the concentrations of photosynthetic pigments and affected gaseous exchange attributes, stomatal behaviour, and uptake fluxes of essential nutrients, while increasing the contents of different osmo-protectants and enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants to decrease the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) within the cells/tissues. However, seed priming with BTh reduced water stress conditions by increasing plant growth and biomass, photosynthetic pigments, stomatal behaviour, different gaseous exchange attributes, and uptake fluxes of essential nutrients compared with unprimed plants. In addition, the plant has a strong antioxidant defense system, which further increased its activities under BTh derivative treatments, to scavenge ROS production and maintain cell turgor under water stress conditions. In conclusion, drought stress-induced oxidative stress and altered the growth of T. aestivum , whereas seed priming increased plant growth and antioxidant production by improving the plant tolerance to drought. We suggest that seed priming with a BTh derivative as an effective priming technique in T. aestivum for reducing drought stress tends to benefit a grower in terms of better growth to fulfil the market demand for food cereals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arwa Abdulkreem Al-Huqail
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Baber Ali
- Department of Plant Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Azeem
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Bahrain, Bahrain
| | - Sahar Mumtaz
- Department of Botany, Division of Science and Technology, University of Education, Lahore 54770, Pakistan
| | - Ghulam Yasin
- Department of Botany, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60800, Pakistan
| | - Romina Alina Marc
- Food Engineering Department, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Agricultural Science and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, 3-5 Calea Mana stur Street, Cluj-Napoca 400372, Romania
| | - Shafaqat Ali
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University, Allama Iqbal Road, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan; and Department of Biological Sciences and Technology, China Medical University, Taichung City 40402, Taiwan
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Ma Y, Huang P, Huang S, Younis U, Hussain GS, Fahad S, Danish S, Elshikh MS, Rizwana H. γ-Aminobutyric acid (GABA) and ectoine (ECT) impacts with and without AMF on antioxidants, gas exchange attributes and nutrients of cotton cultivated in salt affected soil. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 23:476. [PMID: 37807063 PMCID: PMC10561494 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-023-04486-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
Salinity stress is one of the major hurdles in agriculture which adversely affects crop production. It can cause osmotic imbalance, ion toxicity that disrupts essential nutrient balance, impaired nutrient uptake, stunted growth, increased oxidative stress, altered metabolism, and diminished crop yield and quality. However, foliar application of osmoprotectant is becoming popular to resolve this issue in crops. These osmoprotectants regulate the cellular osmotic balance and protect plants from the detrimental effects of high salt concentrations. Furthermore, the role of arbuscular mycorrhizae (AMF) is also established in this regard. These AMF effectively reduce the salinity negative effects by improving the essential nutrient balance via the promotion of root growth. That's why keeping in mind the effectiveness of osmoprotectants current study was conducted on cotton. Total of six levels of γ-Aminobutyric acid (GABA = 0 mM, 0. 5 mM, and 1 mM) and ectoine (ECT = 0 mM, 0.25 mM, and 0.5 mM) were applied as treatments in 3 replications. Results showed that 0.5 mM γ-Aminobutyric acid and ectoine performed significantly best for the improvement in cotton growth attributes. It also caused significant enhancement in K and Ca contents of the leaf, stem, bur, and seeds compared to the control. Furthermore, 0.5 mM γ-Aminobutyric acid and ectoine also caused a significant decline in Cl and Na contents of leaf, stem, bur, and seeds of cotton compared to control under salinity stress. A significant enhancement in chlorophyll contents, gas exchange attributes, and decline in electrolyte leakage validated the effectiveness of 0.5 mM γ-Aminobutyric acid and ectoine over control. In conclusion, 0.5 mM γ-Aminobutyric acid and ectoine have the potential to mitigate the salinity stress in cotton.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhan Ma
- College of Life and Health Science, Anhui Science and Technology University, Fengyang, 233100, China
| | - Ping Huang
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Anhui Science and Technology University, Fengyang, 233100, China
| | - Shoucheng Huang
- College of Life and Health Science, Anhui Science and Technology University, Fengyang, 233100, China
| | - Uzma Younis
- Botany Department, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Sub Campus Rahim Yar Khan, Rahim Yar Khan, Punjab, Pakistan.
| | - Ghulam Sabir Hussain
- Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Technology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, 66000, Pakistan
| | - Shah Fahad
- Department of Agronomy, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Mardan, 23200, Pakistan.
| | - Subhan Danish
- Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Technology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan.
| | - Mohamed Soliman Elshikh
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. 2455, 11451, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Humaira Rizwana
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. 2455, 11451, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Haq IU, Ullah S, Amin F, Nafees M, Shah W, Ali B, Iqbal R, Kaplan A, Ali MA, Elshikh MS, Ercisli S. Physiological and Germination Responses of Muskmelon ( Cucumis melo L.) Seeds to Varying Osmotic Potentials and Cardinal Temperatures via a Hydrothermal Time Model. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:33266-33279. [PMID: 37744846 PMCID: PMC10515359 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c01100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
Climatic changes have a direct negative impact on the growth, development, and productivity of crops. The water potential (ψ) and temperature (T) are important limiting factors that influence the rate of seed germination and growth indices. To examine how the germination of seed responds to changes in water potential and temperature, the hydrotime model and hydrothermal model (HTT) have been employed. The HTT calculates the concept of germination time across temperatures, between Tb-To, with alteration, and between Tb-Tc, in supra-optimal ranges. The seeds of Cucumis melo L. were germinated in the laboratory for a hydro-thermal time experiment. Seeds were sown in Petri dishes containing a double-layered filter paper at different osmotic potentials (0, -0.2, -0.4, -0.6, and -0.8 MPa) by providing PEG 6000 (drought stress enhancer) at different temperatures (15, 20, 25, 30, and 35 °C). The controlled replicate was treated with 10 mL of distilled water and the rest with 10 mL of PEG solution. Results indicated that the seed vigor index (SVI-II) was highest at 15 °C with 0 MPa and lowest at 30 °C with -0.2 MPa. However, the highest activity was shown at 15 °C by catalase (CAT) and guaiacol peroxidase (GPX) at (-0.6 MPa), while the lowest values of CAT and GPX were recorded for control at 35 °C with -0.8 MPa at 35 °C, respectively. Germination energy was positively correlated with germination index (GI), germination percentage (G%), germination rate index, seed vigor index-I (SVI-I), mean moisture content (MMC), and root shoot ratio (RSR) and had a negative correlation with mean germination rate, percent moisture content of shoot and root, CAT, superoxide dismutase, peroxidase ascorbate peroxidase, and GPX. In conclusion, thermal and hydrotime models correctly predicted muskmelon germination time in response to varying water potential and temperature. The agronomic attributes were found to be maximum at 30 °C and minimum at 15 °C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ijaz ul Haq
- Department
of Botany, University of Peshawar, Peshawar 25120, Pakistan
| | - Sami Ullah
- Department
of Botany, University of Peshawar, Peshawar 25120, Pakistan
| | - Fazal Amin
- Department
of Botany, University of Peshawar, Peshawar 25120, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Nafees
- Department
of Botany, University of Peshawar, Peshawar 25120, Pakistan
| | - Wadood Shah
- Biological
Sciences Research Division, Pakistan Forest
Institute, Peshawar 25120, Pakistan
| | - Baber Ali
- Department
of Plant Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan
| | - Rashid Iqbal
- Department
of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture and Environment, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur Pakistan, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan
- Department
of Agroecology-Climate and Water, Aarhus
University, Blichers
Allé 20, 8830 Tjele, Denmark
| | - Alevcan Kaplan
- Department
of Crop and Animal Production, Sason Vocational School, Batman Universitesi, Batman 72060, Turkey
| | - Mohammad Ajmal Ali
- Department
of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed S. Elshikh
- Department
of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sezai Ercisli
- Department
of Horticulture, Agricultural Faculty, Ataturk
Universitesi, Erzurum25240, Turkiye
- HGF
Agro, Ata Teknokent, Erzurum25240 ,Turkiye
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Zare L, Ronaghi A, Ghasemi-Fasaei R, Zarei M, Sepehri M. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and nitric oxide alleviate cadmium phytotoxicity by improving internal detoxification mechanisms of corn plants. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:93602-93616. [PMID: 37507565 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-28969-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
Plants develop several external and internal mechanisms to increase their tolerance to heavy metals (HMs) toxicity including cadmium (Cd). Symbiosis with arbuscular mycorrhizae fungi (AMF) is one of the plants' strategies to tolerate HMs toxicity. Nitric oxide (NO), as a signaling molecule, is also involved in physiological responses of plants to various stresses. The present work was conducted as a factorial completely randomized design with three replications to study the effects of Funneliformis mosseae fungi and Sodium nitroprusside (SNP, 100 mM) as a donor of NO alone, in combination (AMF + SNP) on corn plant growth, and internal detoxification mechanisms of Cd toxicity in a Cd-contaminated calcareous soil (0, 25, 50, and 100 mg Cd kg-1). The results showed that under Cd stress, AMF inoculation and/or foliar application of SNP significantly increased plant growth (32% to 103% for shoot and 44% to 84% for root) by decreasing Cd concentration in corn plant tissues (23% to 46% for shoot and 19% to 40% for root). Cd-induced oxidative stress was mitigated by AMF and/or SNP by enhancing the activities of antioxidant enzymes, including superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT), and concentration of non-enzymatic antioxidants such as glutathione (GSH) and phytochelatin (PC). Increasing the tolerance index (TI) and decreasing the transfer factor (TF) in the corn plants treated with AMF and/or SNP, confirm the efficient role of SNP and AMF in stimulating the detoxification mechanisms of Cd within the plant cells, which was more pronounced at the lowest Cd level (25 mg Cd kg-1). In conclusion, symbiotic associations of corn plants with AMF alone or in combination with SNP mitigated the detrimental effect of Cd toxicity in corn grown in Cd-contaminated calcareous soil. The corn's internal detoxification mechanisms lowered the Cd concentration in plant tissue which resulted in the improvement of the corn's growth parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leila Zare
- Department of Soil Science, College of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran.
| | - Abdolmajid Ronaghi
- Department of Soil Science, College of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Reza Ghasemi-Fasaei
- Department of Soil Science, College of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mehdi Zarei
- Department of Soil Science, College of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mozhgan Sepehri
- Department of Soil Science, College of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
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10
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Shumaila, Ullah S, Shah W, Hafeez A, Ali B, Khan S, Ercisli S, Al-Ghamdi AA, Elshikh MS. Biochar and Seed Priming Technique with Gallic Acid: An Approach toward Improving Morpho-Anatomical and Physiological Features of Solanum melongena L. under Induced NaCl and Boron Stresses. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:28207-28232. [PMID: 38173954 PMCID: PMC10763624 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c01720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Dynamic shifts in climatic patterns increase soil salinity and boron levels, which are the major abiotic factors that affect plant growth and secondary metabolism. The present study assessed the role of growth regulators, including biochar (5 g kg-1) and gallic acid (GA, 2 mM), in altering leaf morpho-anatomical and physiological responses of Solanum melongena L. exposed to boron (25 mg kg-1) and salinity stresses (150 mM NaCl). These growth regulators enhanced leaf fresh weight (LFW) (70%), leaf dry weight (LDW) (20%), leaf area (LA), leaf area index (LAI) (85%), leaf moisture content (LMC) (98%), and relative water content (RWC) (115%) under salinity and boron stresses. Physiological attributes were analyzed to determine the stress levels and antioxidant protection. Photosynthetic pigments were negatively affected by salinity and boron stresses along with a nonsignificant reduction in trehalose, GA, osmoprotectant, and catalase (CAT) and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) activity. These parameters were improved by biochar application to soil and presoaking seeds in GA (p < 0.05) in both varieties of S. melongena L. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and light microscopy revealed that application of biochar and GA improved the stomatal regulation, trichome density, epidermal vigor, stomata size (SS) (13 381 μm), stomata index (SI) (354 mm2), upper epidermis thickness (UET) (123 μm), lower epidermis thickness (LET) (153 μm), cuticle thickness (CT) (11.4 μm), trichome density (TD) (23 per mm2), vein islet number (VIN) (14 per mm2), vein termination number (VTN) (19 per mm2), midrib thickness (MT) (5546 μm), and TD (27.4 mm2) under salinity and boron stresses. These results indicate that the use of inexpensive and easily available biochar and seed priming with GA can improve morpho-anatomical and physiological responses of S. melongena L. under oxidative stress conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shumaila
- Department
of Botany, University of Peshawar, Peshawar 25120, Pakistan
| | - Sami Ullah
- Department
of Botany, University of Peshawar, Peshawar 25120, Pakistan
| | - Wadood Shah
- Biological
Sciences Research Division, Pakistan Forest
Institute, Peshawar 25120, Pakistan
| | - Aqsa Hafeez
- Department
of Plant Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan
| | - Baber Ali
- Department
of Plant Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan
| | - Shahid Khan
- Crops,
Environment and Land Use Programme, Crop Science Department, Teagasc, Carlow R93 XE12, Ireland
| | - Sezai Ercisli
- Department
of Horticulture, Agricultural Faculty, Ataturk
Universitesi, 25240 Erzurum, Turkey
- HGF
Agro, Ata Teknokent, 25240 Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Abdullah Ahmed Al-Ghamdi
- Department
of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed S. Elshikh
- Department
of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
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11
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Din I, Khan S, Khan FU, Khan M, Khan MN, Hafeez A, Wahab S, Wahid N, Ali B, Qasim UB, Manan F, Alwahibi MS, Elshikh MS, Ercisli S, Khalifa EMA. Genetic Characterization of Advance Bread Wheat Lines for Yield and Stripe Rust Resistance. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:25988-25998. [PMID: 37521679 PMCID: PMC10372943 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c01981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is a prominent grain crop. The goal of the current experiment was to examine the genetic potential of advanced bread wheat genotypes for yield and stripe rust resistance. Ninety-three bread wheat genotypes including three varieties (Kohat-2017, Pakistan-2013, and Morocco) were field tested in augmented design as observational nurseries at three locations (i.e., Kohat, Nowshera, and Peshawar) during the 2018-19 crop season. Various parameters related to yield and stripe rust resistance showed significant differences among genotypes for most of the characters with few exceptions. The analysis of variance revealed significant variations for all the genotypes for all the traits at all three sites with few exceptions where nonsignificant differences were noticed among genotypes. Averaged over three locations, genotypes exhibiting maximum desirable values for yield and yield components were KT-86 (325 tillers) for tillers m-2, KT-50 (2.86 g) for grain weight spike-1, KT-49 (41.6 g) for 1000-grain weight, KT-50 (74 grains) for grains spikes-1, KT-55 (4.76 g) for spike weight, and KT-36 and KT-072 (4586 kg ha-1) for grain yield. Correlation analysis revealed that grain yield had a significant positive correlation with grain spike-1 and grain weight spike-1 at Kohat, with grains spike-1, tillers m-2, and grain weight spike-1 at Nowshera, and with plant height, spike weight, 1000-grain weight, and tillers m-2 at Peshawar. Molecular marker data and host response in the field at the adult stage revealed that Yr15 and Yr10 are both still effective in providing adequate resistance to wheat against prevalent races of stripe rust. Four lines showing desirable lower average coefficient of infection (ACI) values without carrying Yr15 and Yr10 genes show the presence of unique/new resistance gene(s) in the genetic composition of these four lines. Genotype KT-072 (4586 kg ha-1 and 1.3 ACI), KT-07 (4416 kg ha-1 and 4.3 ACI), KT-10 (4346 kg ha-1 and 1.0 ACI), and KT-62 (4338 kg ha-1 and 2.7 ACI) showed maximum values for grain yield and low desirable ACI values, and these lines could be recommended for general cultivation after procedural requirements of variety release.
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Affiliation(s)
- Israr
Ud Din
- The
University of Agriculture Peshawar, Institute
of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Peshawar 25130, Pakistan
| | - Salman Khan
- Department
of Biotechnology, Abdul Wali Khan University
Mardan, Mardan 23200, Pakistan
| | - Fahim Ullah Khan
- Department
of Agriculture, Hazara University, Mansehra 21120, Pakistan
| | - Majid Khan
- The
University of Agriculture Peshawar, Institute
of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Peshawar 25130, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Nauman Khan
- Department
of Botany, Islamia College Peshawar, Peshawar 25120, Pakistan
- University
Public School, University of Peshawar, Peshawar 25120, Pakistan
| | - Aqsa Hafeez
- Department
of Plant Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan
| | - Sana Wahab
- Department
of Plant Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan
| | - Nazima Wahid
- Department
of Plant Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan
| | - Baber Ali
- Department
of Plant Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan
| | - Umair Bin Qasim
- Department
of Plant Breeding & Genetics, The University
of Agriculture Peshawar, Peshawar 25130, Pakistan
| | - Fazal Manan
- Department
of Plant Pathology, North Dakota State University, Fargo, North Dakota 58108-6050, United
States
| | - Mona S Alwahibi
- Department
of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed S Elshikh
- Department
of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sezai Ercisli
- Department
of Horticulture Faculty of Agriculture, Ataturk University, Erzurum 25240, Türkiye
- HGF
Agro, Ata Teknokent, Erzurum 25240, Türkiye
| | - Ebaa Mohamed Ali Khalifa
- Agriculture
Research Center, Wheat Research Department, Field Crop Research Institute, Giza 3725005, Egypt
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12
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Rasool A, Ghani A, Nawaz R, Ahmad S, Shahzad K, Rebi A, Ali B, Zhou J, Ahmad MI, Tahir MF, Alwahibi MS, Elshikh MS, Ercisli S. Effects of Poultry Manure on the Growth, Physiology, Yield, and Yield-Related Traits of Maize Varieties. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:25766-25779. [PMID: 37521629 PMCID: PMC10373454 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c00880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
Industries play a significant role in the improvement of lifestyle and in the development of a country. However, the byproducts from these industries are a source of environmental pollution. The proper use of the byproducts of these industries can help to cope with environmental pollution. Some byproducts have high nutritional content and are good for crop plants. The purpose of this research was to investigate the effect of different rates of poultry manure on the soil chemical properties, growth, and yield of maize. A pot experiment was conducted in the botanical garden of the Department of Botany, University of Sargodha, Pakistan to investigate the effect of various treatments of poultry manure (0, 25, 50, 75, and 100 g/pot) on the morphological, physiological, and yield attributes of two maize varieties, Pearl and MMRI. Treatment T1 was a mixture of soil and 75 g/pot poultry manure, T2 was a mixture of soil and 50 g/pot poultry manure, T3 was a mixture of soil and 25 g/pot poultry manure, and T4 was 100 g/pot poultry manure. Soil without any industrial byproduct (100% soil only) was used as the control (T0). The results revealed that the use of poultry manure enhanced the physical properties of the soil. Available P and soil organic matter were improved in soil amended with poultry manure. It is evident from the results that the vegetative growth of both maize varieties was significantly enhanced by growing in soil amended with poultry manure as compared to their respective control. Similar responses were also recorded for the physiological attributes of leaf area, photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate, stomatal conductance, and water use efficiency of both varieties. Yield and yield-contributing traits of both maize varieties were significantly improved by growing plants in soil amended with 50 and 75 g/pot of poultry manure. It is also inferred that the use of 50 g/pot poultry manure in soil amendment is an eco-friendly and economically effective option for maize growers of arid and semiarid regions to enhance the kernel yield and profit per annum. Poultry manure could be useful to ameliorate the adverse effects of salinity stress on all parameters, particularly the grain yield. Furthermore, this would be a useful and economical method for the safe disposal of byproducts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayesha Rasool
- Department
of Botany, University of Sargodha, Sargodha 40100, Pakistan
| | - Abdul Ghani
- Department
of Botany, University of Sargodha, Sargodha 40100, Pakistan
| | - Rab Nawaz
- Department
of Botany, University of Sargodha, Sargodha 40100, Pakistan
| | - Saliha Ahmad
- Department
of Biology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106-7078, United
States
| | - Khurram Shahzad
- Department
of Botany, University of Sargodha, Sargodha 40100, Pakistan
| | - Ansa Rebi
- Jianshui
Research Station, School of Soil and Water Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Baber Ali
- Department
of Plant Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan
| | - Jinxing Zhou
- Jianshui
Research Station, School of Soil and Water Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | | | - Muhammad Faran Tahir
- Department
of Plant Pathology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Mona S. Alwahibi
- Department
of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed S. Elshikh
- Department
of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sezai Ercisli
- Department
of Horticulture, Agricultural Faculty, Ataturk
Universitesi, Erzurum 25240, Türkiye
- HGF
Agro, Ata Teknokent, Erzurum 25240, Türkiye
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13
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Kakar H, Ullah S, Shah W, Ali B, Satti SZ, Ullah R, Muhammad Z, Eldin SM, Ali I, Alwahibi MS, Elshikh MS, Ercisli S. Seed Priming Modulates Physiological and Agronomic Attributes of Maize ( Zea mays L.) under Induced Polyethylene Glycol Osmotic Stress. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:22788-22808. [PMID: 37396236 PMCID: PMC10308401 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c01715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023]
Abstract
Drought and osmotic stresses are major threats to agricultural crops as they affect plants during their life cycle. The seeds are more susceptible to these stresses during germination and establishment of seedlings. To cope with these abiotic stresses, various seed priming techniques have broadly been used. The present study aimed to assess seed priming techniques under osmotic stress. Osmo-priming with chitosan (1 and 2%), hydro-priming with distilled water, and thermo-priming at 4 °C were used on the physiology and agronomy of Zea mays L. under polyethylene glycol (PEG-4000)-induced osmotic stress (-0.2 and -0.4 MPa). The vegetative response, osmolyte content, and antioxidant enzymes of two varieties (Pearl and Sargodha 2002 White) were studied under induced osmotic stress. The results showed that seed germination and seedling growth were inhibited under osmotic stress and germination percentage, and the seed vigor index was enhanced in both varieties of Z. mays L. with chitosan osmo-priming. Osmo-priming with chitosan and hydro-priming with distilled water modulated the level of photosynthetic pigments and proline, which were reduced under induced osmotic stress; moreover, the activities of antioxidant enzymes were improved significantly. In conclusion, osmotic stress adversely affects the growth and physiological attributes; on the contrary, seed priming ameliorated the stress tolerance resistance of Z. mays L. cultivars to PEG-induced osmotic stress by activating the natural antioxidation enzymatic system and accumulating osmolytes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sami Ullah
- Department
of Botany, University of Peshawar, Peshawar 25120, Pakistan
| | - Wadood Shah
- Biological
Sciences Research Division, Pakistan Forest
Institute, Peshawar 25120, Pakistan
| | - Baber Ali
- Department
of Plant Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan
| | - Sanam Zarif Satti
- Biological
Sciences Research Division, Pakistan Forest
Institute, Peshawar 25120, Pakistan
| | - Rehman Ullah
- Department
of Botany, University of Peshawar, Peshawar 25120, Pakistan
| | - Zahir Muhammad
- Department
of Botany, University of Peshawar, Peshawar 25120, Pakistan
| | - Sayed M. Eldin
- Future
University in Egypt, Center of Research, Faculty of Engineering, New Cairo 11835, Egypt
| | - Iftikhar Ali
- University
of Swat, Centre for Plant Science and Biodiversity, Charbagh 19120, Pakistan
- Department
of Genetics and Development, Columbia University
Irving Medical Center, New York, New York 10032, United States
| | - Mona S. Alwahibi
- Department
of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed S. Elshikh
- Department
of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sezai Ercisli
- Department
of Horticulture, Agricultural Faculty, Ataturk
Universitesi, Erzurum 25240, Türkiye
- HGF
Agro, Ata Teknokent, TR-25240 Erzurum, Türkiye
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14
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Ali B, Hafeez A, Afridi MS, Javed MA, Sumaira, Suleman F, Nadeem M, Ali S, Alwahibi MS, Elshikh MS, Marc RA, Ercisli S, Darwish DBE. Bacterial-Mediated Salinity Stress Tolerance in Maize ( Zea mays L.): A Fortunate Way toward Sustainable Agriculture. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:20471-20487. [PMID: 37332827 PMCID: PMC10275368 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c00723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
Sustainable agriculture is threatened by salinity stress because of the low yield quality and low crop production. Rhizobacteria that promote plant growth modify physiological and molecular pathways to support plant development and reduce abiotic stresses. The recent study aimed to assess the tolerance capacity and impacts of Bacillus sp. PM31 on the growth, physiological, and molecular responses of maize to salinity stress. In comparison to uninoculated plants, the inoculation of Bacillus sp. PM31 improved the agro-morphological traits [shoot length (6%), root length (22%), plant height (16%), fresh weight (39%), dry weight (29%), leaf area (11%)], chlorophyll [Chl a (17%), Chl b (37%), total chl (22%)], carotenoids (15%), proteins (40%), sugars (43%), relative water (11%), flavonoids (22%), phenols (23%), radical scavenging capacity (13%), and antioxidants. The Bacillus sp. PM31-inoculated plants showed a reduction in the oxidative stress indicators [electrolyte leakage (12%), H2O2 (9%), and MDA (32%)] as compared to uninoculated plants under salinity and increased the level of osmolytes [free amino acids (36%), glycine betaine (17%), proline (11%)]. The enhancement of plant growth under salinity was further validated by the molecular profiling of Bacillus sp. PM31. Moreover, these physiological and molecular mechanisms were accompanied by the upregulation of stress-related genes (APX and SOD). Our study found that Bacillus sp. PM31 has a crucial and substantial role in reducing salinity stress through physiological and molecular processes, which may be used as an alternative approach to boost crop production and yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baber Ali
- Department
of Plant Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan 45320
| | - Aqsa Hafeez
- Department
of Plant Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan 45320
| | | | - Muhammad Ammar Javed
- Institute
of Industrial Biotechnology, Government
College University Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan 54000
| | - Sumaira
- Department
of Biotechnology, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan 45320
| | - Faiza Suleman
- Department
of Botany, Government College University
Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan 54000
| | - Mehwish Nadeem
- Department
of Botany, Government College University, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Shehzad Ali
- Department
of Environmental Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam
University, Islamabad, Pakistan 45320
| | - Mona S. Alwahibi
- Department
of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia 11451
| | - Mohamed S. Elshikh
- Department
of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia 11451
| | - Romina Alina Marc
- Food
Engineering Department, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary
Medicine of Cluj-Napoca, Cluj-Napoca, Romania 400372
| | - Sezai Ercisli
- Department
of Horticulture, Agricultural Faculty, Ataturk
Universitesi, Erzurum, Türkiye 25240
- Ata
Teknokent, HGF Agro, TR-25240 Erzurum, Türkiye
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15
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Ullah S, Khan MI, Khan MN, Ali U, Ali B, Iqbal R, Z Gaafar AR, AlMunqedhi BM, Razak SA, Kaplan A, Ercisli S, Soudy FA. Efficacy of Naphthyl Acetic Acid Foliar Spray in Moderating Drought Effects on the Morphological and Physiological Traits of Maize Plants ( Zea mays L.). ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:20488-20504. [PMID: 37323381 PMCID: PMC10268277 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c00753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The threat of varying global climates has greatly driven the attention of scientists, as climate change increases the odds of worsening drought in many parts of Pakistan and the world in the decades ahead. Keeping in view the forthcoming climate change, the present study aimed to evaluate the influence of varying levels of induced drought stress on the physiological mechanism of drought resistance in selected maize cultivars. The sandy loam rhizospheric soil with moisture content 0.43-0.5 g g-1, organic matter (OM) 0.43-0.55 g/kg, N 0.022-0.027 g/kg, P 0.028-0.058 g/kg, and K 0.017-0.042 g/kg was used in the present experiment. The findings showed that a significant drop in the leaf water status, chlorophyll content, and carotenoid content was linked to an increase in sugar, proline, and antioxidant enzyme accumulation at p < 0.05 under induced drought stress, along with an increase in protein content as a dominant response for both cultivars. SVI-I & II, RSR, LAI, LAR, TB, CA, CB, CC, peroxidase (POD), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) content under drought stress were studied for variance analysis in terms of interactions between drought and NAA treatment and were found significant at p < 0.05 after 15 days. It has been found that the exogenous application of NAA alleviated the inhibitory effect of only short-term water stress, but yield loss due to long-term osmotic stress will not be faced employing growth regulators. Climate-smart agriculture is the only approach to reduce the detrimental impact of global fluctuations, such as drought stress, on crop adaptability before they have a significant influence on world crop production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sami Ullah
- Department
of Botany, University of Peshawar, Peshawar 25120, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Ishaq Khan
- Department
of Botany, Bacha Khan University Charsadda, Charsadda 24420, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Nauman Khan
- Department
of Botany, Islamia College Peshawar, Peshawar 25120, Pakistan
- Biology
laboratory, University Public School, University
of Peshawar, Peshawar 25120 KPK, Pakistan
| | - Usman Ali
- Centre
of Plant Biodiversity, University of Peshawar, Peshawar 25120, Pakistan
| | - Baber Ali
- , Department
of Plant Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan
| | - Rashid Iqbal
- Department
of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture and Environment, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur Pakistan, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan
- Department
of Agroecology-Climate and Water, Aarhus
University, Blichers
Allé 20, 8830 Tjele, Denmark
| | - Abdel-Rhman Z Gaafar
- Department
of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Bandar M. AlMunqedhi
- Department
of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sarah Abdul Razak
- Institute
of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Universiti Malaya, Kuala
Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
| | - Alevcan Kaplan
- Department of Crop and Animal Production,
Sason Vocational School, Batman University, Batman 72060, Turkey
| | - Sezai Ercisli
- Department of Horticulture,
Agricultural Faculty, Ataturk Universitesi, Erzurum 25240, Türkiye
- HGF Agro, Ata Teknokent, TR-25240 Erzurum, Türkiye
| | - Fathia A. Soudy
- Genetics and Genetic Engineering Department,
Faculty of Agriculture, Benha University, Benha 13736 Egypt
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16
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Zhang X, Ma M, Wu C, Huang S, Danish S. Mitigation of heat stress in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) via regulation of physiological attributes using sodium nitroprusside and gibberellic acid. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 23:302. [PMID: 37280509 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-023-04321-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Heat stress poses a threat to plants in arid and semiarid regions, leading to soil salinization and plant mortality. Researchers are exploring remedies to alleviate these effects, including using gibberellic acid (GA3) to regulate plant enzymes and antioxidants. Additionally, sodium nitroprusside (SNP) is gaining attention, but its combined effect with GA3 requires further research. To address this gap, we investigated the effects of GA3 and SNP on plants under heat stress conditions. For that, wheat plants were cultivated under 40 °C for 6 h per day (15 days). Sodium nitroprusside (donor of NO and SNP) and gibberellic acid (GA3), respectively, with 100 µM and 5 µg/ml concentrations, were applied as foliar sprays at 10 days after sowing (DAS). Results showed that SNP + GA3 treatment had the highest plant height (4.48% increase), plant fresh weight (29.7%), plant dry weight (87%), photosynthetic rate (39.76%) and stomatal conductance (38.10%), and Rubisco (54.2%) compared to the control. Our findings indicate a significant increase in NO, H2O2, TBARS, SOD, POD, APX, proline, GR, and GB that greatly scavenged reactive oxygen species (ROS) for decreasing the adverse effect of stress. Such findings confirmed the efficacy of the combined treatment of SNP + GA3 under high-temperature stress compared to the solitary application of GA3, SNP, and control. In conclusion, using SNP + GA3 is a better strategy for mitigating heat stress in wheat than individual applications. Further research is recommended to validate the effectiveness of SNP + GA3 in other cereal crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueping Zhang
- College of Agriculture, Anhui Science and Technology University, Fengyang, 233100, China
| | - Mingjun Ma
- College of Agriculture, Anhui Science and Technology University, Fengyang, 233100, China
| | - Chengcheng Wu
- College of Agriculture, Anhui Science and Technology University, Fengyang, 233100, China
| | - Shoucheng Huang
- College of Life and Health Science, Anhui Science and Technology University, Fengyang, 233100, China.
| | - Subhan Danish
- Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Technology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Punjab, Pakistan.
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17
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Alatawi A, Mfarrej MFB, Alshegaihi RM, Asghar MA, Mumtaz S, Yasin G, Marc RA, Fahad S, Elsharkawy MM, Javed S, Ali S. Application of silicon and sodium hydrosulfide alleviates arsenic toxicity by regulating the physio-biochemical and molecular mechanisms of Zea mays. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023:10.1007/s11356-023-27739-y. [PMID: 37243763 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-27739-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Soil contamination with toxic heavy metals (such as arsenic (As)) is becoming a serious global problem due to rapid development of social economy, although the use of silicon (Si) and sodium hydrosulfide (NaHS) has been found effective in enhancing plant tolerance against biotic and abiotic stresses including the As toxicity. For this purpose, a pot experiment was conducted using the different levels of As toxicity in the soil, i.e., (0 mM (no As), 50, and 100 µM) which were also supplied with the different exogenous levels of Si, i.e., (0 (no Si), 1.5, and 3 mM) and also with the NaHS, i.e., (0 (no NaHS), 1, and 2 mM) on growth, photosynthetic pigments, gas exchange characteristics, oxidative stress biomarkers, antioxidant machinery (enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants), and their gene expression, ion uptake, organic acid exudation, and As uptake of maize (Zea mays L.). Results from the present study showed that the increasing levels of As in the soil significantly (P < 0.05) decreased plant growth and biomass, photosynthetic pigments, gas exchange attributes, sugars, and nutritional contents from the roots and shoots of the plants. In contrast, increasing levels of As in the soil significantly (P < 0.05) increased oxidative stress indicators in terms of malondialdehyde, hydrogen peroxide, and electrolyte leakage and also increased organic acid exudation patter in the roots of Z. mays, although the activities of enzymatic antioxidants and the response of their gene expressions in the roots and shoots of the plants and non-enzymatic such as phenolic, flavonoid, ascorbic acid, and anthocyanin contents were initially increased with the exposure of 50 µM As, but decreased by the increasing the As concentration 100 µM in the soil. The negative impact of As toxicity can overcome the application of Si and NaHS, which ultimately increased plant growth and biomass by capturing the reactive oxygen species and decreased oxidative stress in Z. mays by decreasing the As contents in the roots and shoots of the plants. Our results also showed that the Si was more sever and showed better results when we compared with NaHS under the same treatment of As in the soil. Research findings, therefore, suggest that the combined application of Si and NaHS can ameliorate As toxicity in Z. mays, resulting in improved plant growth and composition under metal stress, as depicted by balanced exudation of organic acids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aishah Alatawi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Tabuk, 71421, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
| | - Manar Fawzi Bani Mfarrej
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, College of Natural and Health Sciences, Zayed University, 144534, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Rana M Alshegaihi
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, 21493, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Ahsan Asghar
- Department of Biological Resources, Agricultural Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, ELKH, Brunszvik U. 2, H-2462, Martonvásár, Hungary
| | - Sahar Mumtaz
- Department of Botany, Division of Science and Technology, University of Education, Lahore, 54770, Pakistan
| | - Ghulam Yasin
- Mountain Research Centre for Field Crops, Khudwani, Sher-E-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir, Srinagar, 192101, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Romina Alina Marc
- Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Department of Food Engineering, University of Agricultural Science and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, Cluj-Napoca-Napoca, Romania
| | - Shah Fahad
- Department of Agronomy, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Mardan, 23200, Pakistan.
| | - Mohsen Mohamed Elsharkawy
- Department of Agricultural Botany, Faculty of Agriculture, Kafrelsheikh University, 33516, Kafr El-Sheikh, Egypt
| | - Sadia Javed
- Department of Biochemistry, Government College University, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Shafaqat Ali
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
- Department of Biological Sciences and Technology, China Medical University, Taichung, 40402, Taiwan
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18
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Shahzadi E, Nawaz M, Iqbal N, Ali B, Adnan M, Saleem MH, Okla MK, Abbas ZK, Al-Qahtani SM, Al-Harbi NA, Marc RA. Silicic and Ascorbic Acid Induced Modulations in Photosynthetic, Mineral Uptake, and Yield Attributes of Mung Bean ( Vigna radiata L. Wilczek) under Ozone Stress. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:13971-13981. [PMID: 37091383 PMCID: PMC10116534 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c00376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Most of the world's crop production and plant growth are anticipated to be seriously threatened by the increasing tropospheric ozone (O3) levels. The current study demonstrates how different mung bean genotypes reacted to the elevated level of O3 in the presence of exogenous ascorbic and silicic acid treatments. It is the first report to outline the potential protective effects of ascorbic and silicic acid applications against O3 toxicity in 12 mung bean {Vigna radiata (L.) Wilken} varieties. Under controlled circumstances, the present investigation was conducted in a glass house. There were four different treatments used: control (ambient O3 concentration of 40-45 ppb), elevated O3 (120 ppb), elevated O3 with silicic acid (0.1 mM), and elevated O3 with ascorbic acid (10 mM). Three varieties, viz. NM 20-21, NM 2006, and NM 2016, showcased tolerance to O3 toxicity. Our findings showed that ascorbic and silicic acid applications gradually increased yield characteristics such as seed yield, harvest index, days to maturity, and characteristics related to gas exchange such as transpiration rate, stomatal conductance, net photosynthetic activity, and water-use efficiency. Compared to the control, applying both growth regulators enhanced the mineral uptake across all treatments. Based on the findings of the current study, it is concluded that the subject mung bean genotypes responded to silicic acid treatment more efficiently than ascorbic acid to mitigate the harmful effects of O3 stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eram Shahzadi
- Department
of Botany, Government College University
Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Nawaz
- Department
of Botany, Government College University
Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Naeem Iqbal
- Department
of Botany, Government College University
Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Baber Ali
- Department
of Plant Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Adnan
- School
of Environment and Natural Resources, The
Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210-1132, United States
| | - Muhammad Hamzah Saleem
- Office
of Academic Research, Office of VP for Research & Graduate Studies, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar
| | - Mohammad K. Okla
- Department
of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Zahid Khorshid Abbas
- Biology
Department,
College of Science, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 71421, Saudi Arabia
| | - Salem Mesfir Al-Qahtani
- Biology
Department, University College of Taymma, University of Tabuk, P.O. Box 741, Tabuk 71421, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nadi Awad Al-Harbi
- Biology
Department, University College of Taymma, University of Tabuk, P.O. Box 741, Tabuk 71421, Saudi Arabia
| | - Romina Alina Marc
- Food
Engineering Department, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary
Medicine of Cluj-Napoca, 3-5 Calea Mănă̧stur Street, Cluj-Napoca 400372, Romania
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Syed A, Elgorban AM, Bahkali AH, Eswaramoorthy R, Iqbal RK, Danish S. Metal-tolerant and siderophore producing Pseudomonas fluorescence and Trichoderma spp. improved the growth, biochemical features and yield attributes of chickpea by lowering Cd uptake. Sci Rep 2023; 13:4471. [PMID: 36934106 PMCID: PMC10024765 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-31330-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Industrialization and human urbanization have led to an increase in heavy metal (HM) pollution which often cause negative/toxic effect on agricultural crops. The soil-HMs cannot be degraded biologically however, microbe-mediated detoxification of toxic HMs into lesser toxic forms are reported. Considering the potentiality of HMs-tolerant soil microbes in metal detoxification, Pseudomonas fluorescence PGPR-7 and Trichoderma sp. T-4 were recovered from HM-affected areas. Under both normal and cadmium stress, the ability of both microorganisms to produce different plant hormones and biologically active enzymes was examined. Strains PGPR-7 and T-4 tolerated cadmium (Cd) an up-to 1800 and 2000 µg mL-1, respectively, and produced various plant growth regulating substances (IAA, siderophore, ACC deaminase ammonia and HCN) in Cd-stressed condition. The growth promoting and metal detoxifying ability of both strains were evaluated (either singly/combined) by applying them in chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) plants endogenously contaminated with different Cd levels (0-400 µg kg-1 soils). The higher Cd concentration (400 µg kg-1 soils) negatively influenced the plant parameters which, however, improved following single/combined inoculation of P. fluorescence PGPR-7 and Trichoderma sp. T-4. Both microbial strains increased the growth of Cd-treated chickpeas however, their combined inoculation (PGPR-7 + T-4) caused the most positive effect. For instance, 25 µg Cd Kg-1 + PGPR-7 + T4 treatment caused maximum increase in germination percentage (10%), root dry biomass (71.4%) and vigour index (33%), chl-a (38%), chl-b (41%) and carotenoid content (52%). Furthermore, combined inoculation of P. fluorescence PGPR-7 and Trichoderma sp. T-4 maximally decreased the proline, MDA content, POD and CAT activities by 50%, 43% and 62%, respectively following their application in 25 µg Cd kg-1 soils-treated chickpea. Additionally, microbial strains lowered the plant uptake of Cd. For example, Cd-uptake in root tissues was decreased by 42 and 34% when 25 µg Cd Kg-1- treated chickpea plants were inoculated with P. fluorescence PGPR-7, Trichoderma sp. T-4 and co-inoculation (PGPR-7 + T4) of both strains, respectively. Therefore, from the current observation, it is suggested that dual inoculation of metal tolerant P. fluorescence and Trichoderma sp. may potentially be used in detoxification and reclamation of metal-contaminated soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asad Syed
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdallah M Elgorban
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali H Bahkali
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rajalakshmanan Eswaramoorthy
- Department of Prosthodontics, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Chennai, 600 077, India.
| | - Rana Khalid Iqbal
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Punjab, Pakistan
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - Subhan Danish
- Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Technology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Punjab, Pakistan.
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20
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Salinity stress improves antioxidant potential by modulating physio-biochemical responses in Moringa oleifera Lam. Sci Rep 2023; 13:2895. [PMID: 36807545 PMCID: PMC9938910 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-29954-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Moringa oleifera Lam. is a common edible plant, famous for several nutritional and therapeutic benefits. This study investigates the salt -induced modulations in plant growth, physio-biochemical responses, and antioxidant performance of M. oleifera grown under 0, 50, and 100 mM NaCl concentrations. Results showed that the plant effectively managed moderate salinity (50 mM NaCl) by maintaining succulence, weight ratios, and biomass allocation patterns of both shoot and root with minimal reduction in dry biomass. However, high salinity (100 mM NaCl) remarkably declined all growth parameters. The plant accumulated more Na+ and Cl-, while less K+ under salinity as compared to the control. Consequently, osmotic potentials of both root and leaf decreased under salinity, which was corroborated by the high amount of proline and soluble sugars. Increased level of H2O2 with significantly unchanged membrane fluidity indicating its role in perceiving and managing stress at moderate salinity. In addition, increased activities of superoxide dismutase, and catalase, with increased glutathione and flavonoid contents suggest an integrated participation of both enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant components in regulating ROS. On the other hand, high salinity caused an outburst of ROS indicated by high H2O2, MDA, and electrolyte leakage. As a response, moringa drastically increased the activities of all antioxidant enzymes and contents of antioxidant molecules including ascorbic acid, glutathione, total phenols, and flavonoids with high radical scavenging and reducing power capacities. However, a considerable amount of energy was used in such management resulting in a significant growth reduction at 100 mM NaCl. This study suggests that moringa effectively resisted moderate salinity by modulating physio-biochemical attributes and effectively managing ion toxicity and oxidative stress. Salt stress also enhanced the medicinal potentials of moringa by increasing the contents of antioxidant compounds including ascorbic acid, glutathione, total phenols, and flavonoids and their resulting activities. It can be grown on degraded/ saline lands and biomass of this plant can be used for edible and medicinal purposes, besides providing other benefits in a global climate change scenario.
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21
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Sun Y, Ma L, Ma J, Li B, Zhu Y, Chen F. Combined application of plant growth-promoting bacteria and iron oxide nanoparticles ameliorates the toxic effects of arsenic in Ajwain ( Trachyspermum ammi L.). FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:1098755. [PMID: 36643291 PMCID: PMC9832315 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1098755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Soil contamination with toxic heavy metals [such as arsenic (As)] is becoming a serious global problem because of the rapid development of the social economy. Although plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB) and nanoparticles (NPs) are the major protectants to alleviate metal toxicity, the study of these chemicals in combination to ameliorate the toxic effects of As is limited. Therefore, the present study was conducted to investigate the combined effects of different levels of Providencia vermicola (5 ppm and 10 ppm) and iron oxide nanoparticles (FeO-NPs) (50 mg/l-1 and 100 mg/l-1) on plant growth and biomass, photosynthetic pigments, gas exchange attributes, oxidative stress and response of antioxidant compounds (enzymatic and non-enzymatic), and their specific gene expression, sugars, nutritional status of the plant, organic acid exudation pattern As accumulation from the different parts of the plants, and electron microscopy under the soil, which was spiked with different levels of As [0 μM (i.e., no As), 50 μM, and 100 μM] in Ajwain (Trachyspermum ammi L.) seedlings. Results from the present study showed that the increasing levels of As in the soil significantly (p< 0.05) decreased plant growth and biomass, photosynthetic pigments, gas exchange attributes, sugars, and nutritional contents from the roots and shoots of the plants, and destroyed the ultra-structure of membrane-bound organelles. In contrast, increasing levels of As in the soil significantly (p< 0.05) increased oxidative stress indicators in term of malondialdehyde, hydrogen peroxide, and electrolyte leakage, and also increased organic acid exudation patter in the roots of T. ammi seedlings. The negative impact of As toxicity can overcome the application of PGPB (P. vermicola) and FeO-NPs, which ultimately increased plant growth and biomass by capturing the reactive oxygen species, and decreased oxidative stress in T. ammi seedlings by decreasing the As contents in the roots and shoots of the plants. Our results also showed that the FeO-NPs were more sever and showed better results when we compared with PGPB (P. vermicola) under the same treatment of As in the soil. Research findings, therefore, suggest that the combined application of P. vermicola and FeO-NPs can ameliorate As toxicity in T. ammi seedlings, resulting in improved plant growth and composition under metal stress, as depicted by balanced exudation of organic acids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Sun
- School of Public Administration, Hohai University, Nanjing, China
| | - Li Ma
- School of Public Administration, Hohai University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jing Ma
- School of Public Administration, Hohai University, Nanjing, China
- School of Environmental Science and Spatial Informatics, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou, China
| | - Bingkun Li
- School of Public Administration, Hohai University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yanfeng Zhu
- School of Environmental Science and Spatial Informatics, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou, China
| | - Fu Chen
- School of Public Administration, Hohai University, Nanjing, China
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22
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Afridi MS, Ali S, Salam A, César Terra W, Hafeez A, Ali B, S AlTami M, Ameen F, Ercisli S, Marc RA, Medeiros FHV, Karunakaran R. Plant Microbiome Engineering: Hopes or Hypes. BIOLOGY 2022; 11:biology11121782. [PMID: 36552290 PMCID: PMC9774975 DOI: 10.3390/biology11121782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Rhizosphere microbiome is a dynamic and complex zone of microbial communities. This complex plant-associated microbial community, usually regarded as the plant's second genome, plays a crucial role in plant health. It is unquestioned that plant microbiome collectively contributes to plant growth and fitness. It also provides a safeguard from plant pathogens, and induces tolerance in the host against abiotic stressors. The revolution in omics, gene-editing and sequencing tools have somehow led to unravel the compositions and latent interactions between plants and microbes. Similarly, besides standard practices, many biotechnological, (bio)chemical and ecological methods have also been proposed. Such platforms have been solely dedicated to engineer the complex microbiome by untangling the potential barriers, and to achieve better agriculture output. Yet, several limitations, for example, the biological obstacles, abiotic constraints and molecular tools that capably impact plant microbiome engineering and functionality, remained unaddressed problems. In this review, we provide a holistic overview of plant microbiome composition, complexities, and major challenges in plant microbiome engineering. Then, we unearthed all inevitable abiotic factors that serve as bottlenecks by discouraging plant microbiome engineering and functionality. Lastly, by exploring the inherent role of micro/macrofauna, we propose economic and eco-friendly strategies that could be harnessed sustainably and biotechnologically for resilient plant microbiome engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Siddique Afridi
- Department of Plant Pathology, Federal University of Lavras, (UFLA), Lavras 37200-900, MG, Brazil
| | - Sher Ali
- Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Animal Science and Food Engineering, University of São Paulo (USP), Pirassununga 13635-900, SP, Brazil
| | - Abdul Salam
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm, Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Willian César Terra
- Department of Plant Pathology, Federal University of Lavras, (UFLA), Lavras 37200-900, MG, Brazil
| | - Aqsa Hafeez
- Department of Plant Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan
| | - Baber Ali
- Department of Plant Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan
| | - Mona S AlTami
- Biology Department, College of Science, Qassim University, Burydah 52571, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fuad Ameen
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sezai Ercisli
- Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Ataturk University, 25240 Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Romina Alina Marc
- Food Engineering Department, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Agricultural Science and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, 3-5 Calea Mănă ̧stur Street, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Flavio H V Medeiros
- Department of Plant Pathology, Federal University of Lavras, (UFLA), Lavras 37200-900, MG, Brazil
| | - Rohini Karunakaran
- Unit of Biochemistry, Centre of Excellence for Biomaterials Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, AIMST University, Semeling, Bedong 08100, Malaysia
- Department of Computational Biology, Institute of Bioinformatics, Saveetha School of Engineering (SSE), SIMATS, Thandalam, Chennai 602105, Tamil Nadu, India
- Centre of Excellence for Biomaterials Science, AIMST University, Semeling, Bedong 08100, Malaysia
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23
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Sabeem M, Abdul Aziz M, Mullath SK, Brini F, Rouached H, Masmoudi K. Enhancing growth and salinity stress tolerance of date palm using Piriformospora indica. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:1037273. [PMID: 36507455 PMCID: PMC9733834 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1037273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Endophytic fungi are known to enhance plant growth and performance under salt stress. The current study investigated the growth, as well as biochemical and molecular properties of Phoenix dactylifera colonized with the mutualistic fungus Piriformospora indica, under control and salinity stress. Our findings indicated an increase in the plant biomass, lateral root density, and chlorophyll content of P. indica-colonized plants under both normal and salt stress conditions. Furthermore, there was a decline in the inoculated plants leaf and root Na+/K+ ratio. The colonization enhanced the levels of antioxidant enzymes such as catalase, superoxide dismutase, and peroxidase in plants. Increased ionic content of Zn and P were also found in salt-stressed date palm. The fungus colonization was also associated with altered expression levels of essential Na+ and K+ ion channels in roots like HKT1;5 and SOS1 genes. This alteration improved plant growth due to their preservation of Na+ and K+ ions balanced homeostasis under salinity stress. Moreover, it was confirmed that RSA1 and LEA2 genes were highly expressed in salt-stressed and colonized plant roots and leaves, respectively. The current study exploited P. indica as an effective natural salt stress modulator to ameliorate salinity tolerance in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miloofer Sabeem
- Department of Integrative Agriculture, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, United Arab Emirates University, Al−Ain, Abu−Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Mughair Abdul Aziz
- Department of Integrative Agriculture, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, United Arab Emirates University, Al−Ain, Abu−Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Sangeeta K. Mullath
- Department of Vegetable Science, College of Agriculture, Kerala Agricultural University, Vellanikkara, Thrissur, India
| | - Faical Brini
- Plant Protection Laboratory, Center of Biotechnology, Sfax (CBS), University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Hatem Rouached
- Michigan State University, Plant and Soil Science Building, East Lansing, MI, United States
| | - Khaled Masmoudi
- Department of Integrative Agriculture, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, United Arab Emirates University, Al−Ain, Abu−Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
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24
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Usman K, Souchelnytskyi S, Al-Ghouti MA, Zouari N, Abu-Dieyeh MH. Proteomic analysis of T. qataranse exposed to lead (Pb) stress reveal new proteins with potential roles in Pb tolerance and detoxification mechanism. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:1009756. [PMID: 36340352 PMCID: PMC9630582 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1009756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Soil lead (Pb) contamination is one of the environmental problems facing the modern world. Sources of Pb in soil include industrial activities such as mining and smelting processes, agricultural activities such as application of insecticide and municipal sewage sludges, and urban activities such as use of lead in gasoline, paints, and other materials. Phytoremediation is the direct use of living green plants and is an effective, cheap, non-invasive, and environmentally friendly technique used to transfer or stabilize all the toxic metals and environmental pollutants in polluted soil or groundwater. Current work in this area is invested in elucidating mechanisms that underpin toxic-metal tolerance and detoxification mechanisms. The present study aims to gain insight into the mechanisms of Pb tolerance in T. qataranse by comparative proteomics. MALDI-TOF/MS and in silico proteome analysis showed differential protein expression between treated (50 mg kg⎯1 Pb) and untreated (0 mg kg⎯1 Pb) T. qataranse. A total of eighty-six (86) differentially expressed proteins, most of which function in ion and protein binding, antioxidant activity, transport, and abiotic response stress, were identified. In addition, essential stress-regulating metabolic pathways, including glutathione metabolism, cellular response to stress, and regulation of HSF1-mediated heat shock response, were also enriched. Also, at 52- and 49-kDa MW band areas, up to six hypothetical proteins with unknown functions were identified. Of these, protein AXX17_AT2G26660 is highly rich in glycine amino acid residues (up to 76%), suggesting that it is a probable glycine-rich protein (GRP) member. Although GRPs are known to be involved in plant defense against abiotic stress, including salinity and drought, there is no report on their role on Pb tolerance and or detoxification in plants. Further enrichment analysis in the current study reveals that the hypothetical proteins do not interact with known proteins and are not part of any enriched pathway. However, additional research is needed to functionally validate the role of the identified proteins in Pb detoxification mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamal Usman
- Agricultural Research Station (ARS), Office of VP for Research & Graduate Studies, Doha, Qatar
| | | | - Mohammad A. Al-Ghouti
- Environmental Science Program, Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, College of Arts and Science, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Nabil Zouari
- Environmental Science Program, Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, College of Arts and Science, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Mohammed H. Abu-Dieyeh
- Biological Science Program, Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, College of Arts and Science, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
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Ma J, Ali S, Saleem MH, Mumtaz S, Yasin G, Ali B, Al-Ghamdi AA, Elshikh MS, Vodnar DC, Marc RA, Rehman A, Khan MN, Chen F, Ali S. Short-term responses of Spinach ( Spinacia oleracea L.) to the individual and combinatorial effects of Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium and silicon in the soil contaminated by boron. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:983156. [PMID: 36212291 PMCID: PMC9540599 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.983156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
While of lesser prevalence than boron (B) deficient soils, B-rich soils are important to study as they can cause B toxicity in the field and subsequently decrease crop yields in different regions of the world. We have conducted the present study to examine the role of the individual or combined application of silicon (Si) and NPK fertilizer in B-stressed spinach plants (Spinacia oleracea L.). S. oleracea seedlings were subjected to different NPK fertilizers, namely, low NPK (30 kg ha-2) and normal NPK (60 kg ha-2)], which were also supplemented by Si (3 mmol L-1), for varying levels of B in the soil i.e., 0, 250, and 500 mg kg-1. Our results illustrated that the increasing levels of B in the soil caused a substantial decrease in the plant height, number of leaves, number of stems, leaf area, plant fresh weight, plant dry weight, chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, total chlorophyll, carotenoid content, net photosynthesis, stomatal conductance, transpiration rate, magnesium content in the roots, magnesium contents in the shoots, phosphorus content in the roots, phosphorus content in the leaves in the shoots, iron content in the roots, iron content in the shoots, calcium content in the roots, and calcium content in the shoots. However, B toxicity in the soil increased the concentration of malondialdehyde, hydrogen peroxide, and electrolyte leakage which were also manifested by the increasing activities of enzymatic [superoxidase dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), catalase (CAT), and ascorbate peroxidase (APX)], and non-enzymatic antioxidants (phenolic, flavonoid, ascorbic acid, and anthocyanin content). B toxicity in the soil further increased the concentration of organic acids in the roots such as oxalic acid, malic acid, formic acid, citric acid, acetic acid, and fumaric acid. The addition of Si and fertilizer levels in the soil significantly alleviated B toxicity effects on S. oleracea by improving photosynthetic capacity and ultimately plant growth. The increased activity of antioxidant enzymes in Si and NPK-treated plants seems to play a role in capturing stress-induced reactive oxygen species, as was evident from the lower levels of oxidative stress indicators, organic acid exudation, and B concentration in the roots and shoots of Si and NPK-treated plants. Research findings, therefore, suggested that the Si and NPK application can ameliorate B toxicity in S. oleracea seedlings and result in improved plant growth and composition under metal stress as depicted by the balanced exudation of organic acids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Ma
- School of Public Administration, Hohai University, Nanjing, China
| | - Sajjad Ali
- Department of Botany, Bacha Khan University, Charsadda, Pakistan
| | | | - Sahar Mumtaz
- Department of Botany, Division of Science and Technology, University of Education, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Ghulam Yasin
- Institute of Botany, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Baber Ali
- Department of Plant Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Abdullah Ahmed Al-Ghamdi
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed S. Elshikh
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Dan C. Vodnar
- Institute of Life Sciences, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Romina Alina Marc
- Food Engineering Department, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Agricultural Science and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Abdur Rehman
- Department of Botany, Bacha Khan University, Charsadda, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Nauman Khan
- Biology Laboratory, Agriculture University Public School and College (AUPS&C) for Boys, The University of Agriculture Peshawar, Peshawar, Pakistan
- Department of Botany, Islamia College Peshawar, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Fu Chen
- School of Public Administration, Hohai University, Nanjing, China
| | - Shafaqat Ali
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, China Medical University (CMU), Taichung City, Taiwan
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26
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Alharbi K, Alhaithloul HAS, Alayafi AAM, Al-Taisan WA, Alghanem SM, Al-Mushhin AAM, Soliman MH, Alsubeie MS, Vodnar DC, Marc RA. Impact of Plantago ovata Forsk leaf extract on morpho-physio-biochemical attributes, ions uptake and drought resistance of wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.) seedlings. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:999170. [PMID: 36204080 PMCID: PMC9531683 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.999170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The present study was conducted to examine the potential role of Plantago ovata Forsk leaf extract (POLE) which was applied at various concentration levels (control, hydropriming, 10, 20, 30, and 40% POLE) to the wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) seedlings. Drought stressed was applied at 60% osmotic potential (OM) to the T. aestivum seedlings to study various parameters such as growth and biomass, photosynthetic pigments and gas exchange characteristics, oxidative stress and response of various antioxidants and nutritional status of the plants. Various growth parameters such as gaseous exchange attributes, antioxidants and nutritional status of T. aestivum were investigated in this study. It was evident that drought-stressed condition had induced a negative impact on plant growth, photosynthetic pigment, gaseous exchange attributes, stomatal properties, and ion uptake by different organs (roots and shoots) of T. aestivum. The decrease in plant growth resulted from oxidative stress and overcome by the antioxidant (enzymatic and non-enzymatic) compounds, since their concentration increased in response to dehydration. Seed priming with POLE positively increased plant growth and photosynthesis, by decreasing oxidative stress indicators and increasing activities of antioxidant (enzymatic and non-enzymatic) compounds, compared to the plants which were grown without the application of POLE. Our results also depicted that optimum concentration of POLE for T. aestivum seedlings under drought condition was 20%, while further increase in POLE (30 and 40%) induced a non-significant (P < 0.05) effect on growth (shoot and root length) and biomass (fresh and dry weight) of T. aestivum seedling. Here we concluded that the understanding of the role of seed priming with POLE in the increment of growth profile, photosynthetic measurements and nutritional status introduces new possibilities for their effective use in drought-stressed condition and provides a promising strategy for T. aestivum tolerance against drought-stressed condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khadiga Alharbi
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Aisha A. M. Alayafi
- Biological Sciences Department, Faculty of Science, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Wafa’a A. Al-Taisan
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Fasial University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Amina A. M. Al-Mushhin
- Department of Biology, College of Science and Humanities in Al-Kharj, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mona H. Soliman
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Taibah University, Yanbu, Saudi Arabia
| | - Moodi Saham Alsubeie
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Dan C. Vodnar
- Institute of Life Sciences, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Romina Alina Marc
- Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Agricultural Science and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
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Afridi MS, Javed MA, Ali S, De Medeiros FHV, Ali B, Salam A, Sumaira, Marc RA, Alkhalifah DHM, Selim S, Santoyo G. New opportunities in plant microbiome engineering for increasing agricultural sustainability under stressful conditions. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:899464. [PMID: 36186071 PMCID: PMC9524194 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.899464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
Plant microbiome (or phytomicrobiome) engineering (PME) is an anticipated untapped alternative strategy that could be exploited for plant growth, health and productivity under different environmental conditions. It has been proven that the phytomicrobiome has crucial contributions to plant health, pathogen control and tolerance under drastic environmental (a)biotic constraints. Consistent with plant health and safety, in this article we address the fundamental role of plant microbiome and its insights in plant health and productivity. We also explore the potential of plant microbiome under environmental restrictions and the proposition of improving microbial functions that can be supportive for better plant growth and production. Understanding the crucial role of plant associated microbial communities, we propose how the associated microbial actions could be enhanced to improve plant growth-promoting mechanisms, with a particular emphasis on plant beneficial fungi. Additionally, we suggest the possible plant strategies to adapt to a harsh environment by manipulating plant microbiomes. However, our current understanding of the microbiome is still in its infancy, and the major perturbations, such as anthropocentric actions, are not fully understood. Therefore, this work highlights the importance of manipulating the beneficial plant microbiome to create more sustainable agriculture, particularly under different environmental stressors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Muhammad Ammar Javed
- Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Government College University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Sher Ali
- Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Animal Science and Food Engineering, University of São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Baber Ali
- Department of Plant Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Abdul Salam
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm, Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Sumaira
- Department of Biotechnology, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Romina Alina Marc
- Food Engineering Department, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Cluj-Napoca, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Dalal Hussien M. Alkhalifah
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Samy Selim
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jouf University, Sakaka, Saudi Arabia
| | - Gustavo Santoyo
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químico-Biológicas, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Morelia, Mexico
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Faryal S, Ullah R, Khan MN, Ali B, Hafeez A, Jaremko M, Qureshi KA. Thiourea-Capped Nanoapatites Amplify Osmotic Stress Tolerance in Zea mays L. by Conserving Photosynthetic Pigments, Osmolytes Biosynthesis and Antioxidant Biosystems. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27185744. [PMID: 36144480 PMCID: PMC9505401 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27185744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Revised: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Salinity is one of the most prevalent abiotic stresses which not only limits plant growth and yield, but also limits the quality of food products. This study was conducted on the surface functionalization of phosphorus-rich mineral apatite nanoparticles (ANPs), with thiourea as a source of nitrogen (TU-ANPs) and through a co-precipitation technique for inducing osmotic stress tolerance in Zea mays. The resulting thiourea-capped apatite nanostructure (TU-ANP) was characterized using complementary analytical techniques, such as EDX, SEM, XRD and IR spectroscopy. The pre-sowing of soaked seeds of Zea mays in 1.00 µg/mL, 5.00 µg/mL and 10 µg/mL of TU-ANPs yielded growth under 0 mM, 60 mM and 100 mM osmotic stress of NaCl. The results show that Ca and P salt acted as precursors for the synthesis of ANPs at an alkaline pH of 10-11. Thiourea as a source of nitrogen stabilized the ANPs' suspension medium, leading to the synthesis of TU-ANPs. XRD diffraction analysis validated the crystalline nature of TU-ANPs with lattice dimensions of 29 nm, calculated from FWHM using the Sherrer equation. SEM revealed spherical morphology with polydispersion in size distribution. EDS confirmed the presence of Ca and P at a characteristic KeV, whereas IR spectroscopy showed certain stretches of binding functional groups associated with TU-ANPs. Seed priming with TU-ANPs standardized germination indices (T50, MGT, GI and GP) which were significantly declined by NaCl-based osmotic stress. Maximum values for biochemical parameters, such as sugar (39.8 mg/g at 10 µg/mL), protein (139.8 mg/g at 10 µg/mL) and proline (74.1 mg/g at 10 µg/mL) were recorded at different applied doses of TU-ANP. Antioxidant biosystems in the form of EC 1.11.1.6 catalase (11.34 IU/g FW at 10 µg/mL), EC 1.11.1.11 APX (0.95 IU/G FW at 10 µg/mL), EC 1.15.1.1 SOD (1.42 IU/g FW at 5 µg/mL), EC 1.11.1.7 POD (0.43 IU/g FW at 5 µg/mL) were significantly restored under osmotic stress. Moreover, photosynthetic pigments, such as chlorophyll A (2.33 mg/g at 5 µg/mL), chlorophyll B (1.99 mg/g at 5 µg/mL) and carotenoids (2.52 mg/g at 10 µg/mL), were significantly amplified under osmotic stress via the application of TU-ANPs. Hence, the application of TU-ANPs restores the growth performance of plants subjected to induced osmotic stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sana Faryal
- Department of Chemical and Life Sciences, Qurtuba University of Science and Information Technology, Peshawar 25124, Pakistan
| | - Rehman Ullah
- Department of Botany, University of Peshawar, Peshawar 25120, Pakistan
- Correspondence: (R.U.); (K.A.Q.)
| | | | - Baber Ali
- Department of Plant Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan
| | - Aqsa Hafeez
- Department of Plant Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan
| | - Mariusz Jaremko
- Smart-Health Initiative (SHI) and Red Sea Research Center (RSRC), Division of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering (BESE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Kamal Ahmad Qureshi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Unaizah College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Unaizah 51911, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence: (R.U.); (K.A.Q.)
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29
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Ali B, Saleem MH, Ali S, Shahid M, Sagir M, Tahir MB, Qureshi KA, Jaremko M, Selim S, Hussain A, Rizwan M, Ishaq W, Rehman MZU. Mitigation of salinity stress in barley genotypes with variable salt tolerance by application of zinc oxide nanoparticles. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:973782. [PMID: 36072329 PMCID: PMC9441957 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.973782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Salinity has become a major environmental concern of agricultural lands, impairing crop production. The current study aimed to examine the role of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) in reducing the oxidative stress induced by salinity and the overall improvement in phytochemical properties in barley. A total of nine different barley genotypes were first subjected to salt (NaCl) stress in hydroponic conditions to determine the tolerance among the genotypes. The genotype Annora was found as most sensitive, and the most tolerant genotype was Awaran 02 under salinity stress. In another study, the most sensitive (Annora) and tolerant (Awaran 02) barley genotypes were grown in pots under salinity stress (100 mM). At the same time, half of the pots were provided with the soil application of ZnO NPs (100 mg kg-1), and the other half pots were foliar sprayed with ZnO NPs (100 mg L-1). Salinity stress reduced barley growth in both genotypes compared to control plants. However, greater reduction in barley growth was found in Annora (sensitive genotype) than in Awaran 02 (tolerant genotype). The exogenous application of ZnO NPs ameliorated salt stress and improved barley biomass, photosynthesis, and antioxidant enzyme activities by reducing oxidative damage caused by salt stress. However, this positive effect by ZnO NPs was observed more in Awaran 02 than in Annora genotype. Furthermore, the foliar application of ZnO NPs was more effective than the soil application of ZnO NPs. Findings of the present study revealed that exogenous application of ZnO NPs could be a promising approach to alleviate salt stress in barley genotypes with different levels of salinity tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Basharat Ali
- Khwaja Fareed University of Engineering and Information Technology (KFUEIT), Rahim Yar Khan, Pakistan
- Faculty of Agriculture, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
- Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation (INRES), University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | | | - Shafaqat Ali
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, China Medical University, Taichung City, Taiwan
| | - Munazzam Shahid
- Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Jhang, Jhang, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Sagir
- Khwaja Fareed University of Engineering and Information Technology (KFUEIT), Rahim Yar Khan, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Bilal Tahir
- Khwaja Fareed University of Engineering and Information Technology (KFUEIT), Rahim Yar Khan, Pakistan
| | - Kamal Ahmad Qureshi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Unaizah College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Unaizah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mariusz Jaremko
- Smart-Health Initiative (SHI) and Red Sea Research Center (RSRC), Division of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering (BESE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
| | - Samy Selim
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jouf University, Sakaka, Saudi Arabia
| | - Afzal Hussain
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
- Department of Environmental Sciences, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Rizwan
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Wajid Ishaq
- Nuclear Institute for Agriculture and Biology, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - M. Zia-ur Rehman
- Faculty of Agriculture, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
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30
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Dola DB, Mannan MA, Sarker U, Mamun MAA, Islam T, Ercisli S, Saleem MH, Ali B, Pop OL, Marc RA. Nano-iron oxide accelerates growth, yield, and quality of Glycine max seed in water deficits. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:992535. [PMID: 36160973 PMCID: PMC9500458 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.992535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Drought is one of the most destructive abiotic stresses that impact the growth, physiology, yield, and nutritional quality of seeds of crop plants. In modern agriculture, the use of nanoparticles can be beneficial due to their large surface area and higher potentiality to enter into the plant leaf during foliar application. This study aims to evaluate the effects of foliar spray containing varying doses (0, 100, and 200 ppm) of the nano-iron (Fe3O4) on the growth, physiology, yield, and seed nutritional quality of soybean under drought (40% of field capacity, FC) and well-watered (80% of FC) conditions. Leaf water status, chlorophyll content of leaves, the height of the plant, fresh leaf weight, fresh stem weight, fresh petiole weight, total dry weight, seed yield, and protein and oil content in soybean seeds were found to be suppressed by the applied drought stress. Under both drought (40% of FC) and controlled well-watered (80% of FC) conditions, the foliar application of nano-iron substantially improved the growth, physiology, yield, and quality of soybean seeds. The nanoparticles at 200 ppm increased soybean seed yield by 40.12 and 32.60% in drought and well-watered conditions, respectively, compared to the untreated plants. Furthermore, nano-iron increased the oil content of soybean seeds by 10.14 and 7.87% under drought and well-watered conditions, respectively, compared to the untreated control. Our results indicate that the application of nano-iron improved drought tolerance, yield, and seed quality of soybean, so exogenous foliar sprays of 200 ppm Fe3O4 were more effective than the other treatments in enhancing drought tolerance and can be utilized to reduce losses caused by drought stress in soybean-growing areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dipanjoli Baral Dola
- Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Abdul Mannan
- Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur, Bangladesh
| | - Umakanta Sarker
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur, Bangladesh
- *Correspondence: Umakanta Sarker
| | - Md. Abdullah Al Mamun
- Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur, Bangladesh
| | - Tofazzal Islam
- Institute of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur, Bangladesh
| | - Sezai Ercisli
- Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | | | - Baber Ali
- Department of Plant Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Oana Lelia Pop
- Department of Food Science, University of Agricultural Science and Veterinary Medicine, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Oana Lelia Pop
| | - Romina Alina Marc
- Food Engineering Department, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Agricultural Science and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Romina Alina Marc
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31
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Ma J, Saleem MH, Ali B, Rasheed R, Ashraf MA, Aziz H, Ercisli S, Riaz S, Elsharkawy MM, Hussain I, Alhag SK, Ahmed AE, Vodnar DC, Mumtaz S, Marc RA. Impact of foliar application of syringic acid on tomato ( Solanum lycopersicum L.) under heavy metal stress-insights into nutrient uptake, redox homeostasis, oxidative stress, and antioxidant defense. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:950120. [PMID: 36092395 PMCID: PMC9453224 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.950120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Soil contamination with toxic heavy metals [such as lead (Pb)] is becoming a serious global problem due to the rapid development of the social economy. However, accumulation of Pb in plant parts is very toxic for plant growth and decreases crop yield and productivity. In the present study, we have investigated the different concentrations of Pb in the soil i.e., [0 (no Pb), 50, and 100 mg kg-1] to study plant growth and biomass, photosynthetic pigments and gas exchange characteristics, oxidative stress indicators and the response of various antioxidants (enzymatic and non-enzymatic), nutritional status of the plant, organic acid exudation pattern and also Pb accumulation in the roots and shoots of the plants of two varieties of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) i.e., Roma and Cchuas, grown under different levels of synergic acid [no spray (NS), water spray (WS), 0.3-0.5°μM]. Results from the present study showed that the increasing levels of Pb in the soil decreased non-significantly (P < 0.05) shoot length, root length, shoot fresh weight, root fresh weight, shoot dry weight, root dry weight, chlorophyll-a, chlorophyll-b, total chlorophyll, carotenoid content, net photosynthesis, stomatal conductance, transpiration rate, soluble sugar, reducing sugar, non-reducing sugar contents, calcium (Ca2+), magnesium (Mg2+), iron (Fe2+), and phosphorus (P) contents in the roots and shoots of the plants. However, Pb toxicity also induced oxidative stress in the roots and shoots of the plants by increasing malondialdehyde (MDA), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and electrolyte leakage (EL) which also induced increased the compounds of various enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants and also organic acids exudation pattern in the roots such as fumaric acid, acetic acid, citric acid, formic acid, malic acid, oxalic acid contents and increased the concentration of Pb in different parts of the plants. Results also show that the Cchuas showed better growth and development compared to Roma, under the same levels of Pb in the soil. The alleviation of Pb toxicity was induced by the application of synergic acid, and results showed that the application of synergic acid increased plant growth and biomass and also increased the gas exchange characteristics and antioxidant capacity in the roots and shoots of the plants. Research findings, therefore, suggested that synergic acid application can ameliorate Pb toxicity in S. lycopersicum varieties and result in improved plant growth and composition under metal stress as depicted by balanced exudation of organic acids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Ma
- School of Public Administration, Hohai University, Nanjing, China
| | | | - Baber Ali
- Department of Plant Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Rizwan Rasheed
- Department of Botany, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | | | - Humera Aziz
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Sezai Ercisli
- Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Sana Riaz
- Department of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Mohsen Mohamed Elsharkawy
- Department of Agricultural Botany, Faculty of Agriculture, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafr El-Sheikh, Egypt
| | - Iqbal Hussain
- Department of Botany, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
- *Correspondence: Iqbal Hussain,
| | - Sadeq K. Alhag
- Department of Biology, College of Science and Arts, King Khalid University, Muhayl Asser, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Ibb University, Ibb, Yemen
| | - Ahmed Ezzat Ahmed
- Department of Biology, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, South Valley University, Qena, Egypt
| | - Dan C. Vodnar
- Institute of Life Sciences, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Sahar Mumtaz
- Division of Science and Technology, Department of Botany, University of Education, Lahore, Pakistan
- Sahar Mumtaz,
| | - Romina Alina Marc
- Food Engineering Department, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Agricultural Science and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Romina Alina Marc,
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