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Tang Q, Zou X, Gui J, Wang S, Liu X, Liu G, Tao Y. Effects of childhood trauma on the symptom-level relation between depression, anxiety, stress, and problematic smartphone use: A network analysis. J Affect Disord 2024; 358:1-11. [PMID: 38705521 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.05.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2023] [Revised: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Childhood trauma experience is closely associated with depression, anxiety, stress, and problematic smartphone use (PSU). However, few studies have explored the complex symptom-level relations between these variables among people with and without trauma experiences, leaving a gap in treating and alleviating these mental disorders among individuals with childhood trauma. METHODS The current study used a convenience sampling method and recruited 2708 participants who completed Childhood Trauma Questionnaire-Short Form (CTQ-SF), Depression Anxiety and Stress Scales (DASS-21), and Mobile Phone Addiction Tendency Scale (MPATS), dividing them into trauma (n = 1454, Mean age = 19.67) and no-trauma (n = 1254, Mean age = 19.57) groups according to the cut-off scores of CTQ-SF. Symptom network analysis and network comparison test were conducted to construct and compare the network models between trauma and no-trauma groups. RESULTS The findings indicate that the trauma group and females exhibit greater average levels of DASS-21 and PSU symptoms compared to the no-trauma group and males, respectively. Additionally, the edge between "Stress" and "Anxiety" is the strongest across trauma and no-trauma groups. "Social comfort" is a bridge symptom of the trauma group network and the results of bridge symptoms in the no-trauma group are not stable. LIMITATIONS This study did not categorize all individuals according to specific types of trauma experiences and it is a cross-sectional design. The prevalences calculated in this study may not be generalizable. CONCLUSIONS Interventions targeting different bridge symptoms in the trauma and no-trauma network models may help reduce the severity of symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qihui Tang
- Faculty of Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Applied Experimental Psychology, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Psychology Education, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Xinyuan Zou
- Faculty of Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Applied Experimental Psychology, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Psychology Education, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Jie Gui
- Faculty of Architectural Decoration and Art, Jiangsu Vocational College of Electronics and Information, Huaian 223003, China
| | - Shujian Wang
- Faculty of Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Applied Experimental Psychology, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Psychology Education, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Xiangping Liu
- Faculty of Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Applied Experimental Psychology, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Psychology Education, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Gang Liu
- Department of Psychiatry, Affiliated Nanjing Brain Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China.
| | - Yanqiang Tao
- Faculty of Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Applied Experimental Psychology, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Psychology Education, Beijing 100875, China.
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Girela-Serrano BM, Spiers ADV, Ruotong L, Gangadia S, Toledano MB, Di Simplicio M. Impact of mobile phones and wireless devices use on children and adolescents' mental health: a systematic review. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2024; 33:1621-1651. [PMID: 35705765 PMCID: PMC9200624 DOI: 10.1007/s00787-022-02012-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 05/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Growing use of mobiles phones (MP) and other wireless devices (WD) has raised concerns about their possible effects on children and adolescents' wellbeing. Understanding whether these technologies affect children and adolescents' mental health in positive or detrimental ways has become more urgent following further increase in use since the COVID-19 outbreak. To review the empirical evidence on associations between use of MP/WD and mental health in children and adolescents. A systematic review of literature was carried out on Medline, Embase and PsycINFO for studies published prior to July 15th 2019, PROSPERO ID: CRD42019146750. 25 observational studies published between January 1st 2011 and 2019 were reviewed (ten were cohort studies, 15 were cross-sectional). Overall estimated participant mean age and proportion female were 14.6 years and 47%, respectively. Substantial between-study heterogeneity in design and measurement of MP/WD usage and mental health outcomes limited our ability to infer general conclusions. Observed effects differed depending on time and type of MP/WD usage. We found suggestive but limited evidence that greater use of MP/WD may be associated with poorer mental health in children and adolescents. Risk of bias was rated as 'high' for 16 studies, 'moderate' for five studies and 'low' for four studies. More high-quality longitudinal studies and mechanistic research are needed to clarify the role of sleep and of type of MP/WD use (e.g. social media) on mental health trajectories in children and adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Braulio M Girela-Serrano
- Division of Psychiatry, Department of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, 7th Floor, Commonwealth Building, Du Cane Road, London, W12 0NN, UK.
- Westminster Children and Adolescents Mental Health Services, Central and North West London NHS Foundation Trust, London, W9 2NW, UK.
| | - Alexander D V Spiers
- MRC Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, St Mary's Campus, Norfolk Place, London, W2 1PG, UK
- NIHR Health Protection Research Unit On Chemical Radiation Threats and Hazards, School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, St Mary's Campus, Norfolk Place, London, W2 1PG, UK
| | - Liu Ruotong
- Division of Psychiatry, Department of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, 7th Floor, Commonwealth Building, Du Cane Road, London, W12 0NN, UK
| | - Shivani Gangadia
- Division of Psychiatry, Department of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, 7th Floor, Commonwealth Building, Du Cane Road, London, W12 0NN, UK
| | - Mireille B Toledano
- MRC Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, St Mary's Campus, Norfolk Place, London, W2 1PG, UK
- NIHR Health Protection Research Unit On Chemical Radiation Threats and Hazards, School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, St Mary's Campus, Norfolk Place, London, W2 1PG, UK
- Mohn Centre for Children's Health and Wellbeing, School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, St Mary's Campus, Norfolk Place, London, W2 1PG, UK
| | - Martina Di Simplicio
- Division of Psychiatry, Department of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, 7th Floor, Commonwealth Building, Du Cane Road, London, W12 0NN, UK
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Bye A, Carter B, Leightley D, Trevillion K, Liakata M, Branthonne-Foster S, Cross S, Zenasni Z, Carr E, Williamson G, Vega Viyuela A, Dutta R. Cohort profile: The Social media, smartphone use and Self-harm in Young People (3S-YP) study-A prospective, observational cohort study of young people in contact with mental health services. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0299059. [PMID: 38776261 PMCID: PMC11111019 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0299059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/24/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The Social media, Smartphone use and Self-Harm (3S-YP) study is a prospective observational cohort study to investigate the mechanisms underpinning associations between social media and smartphone use and self-harm in a clinical youth sample. We present here a comprehensive description of the cohort from baseline data and an overview of data available from baseline and follow-up assessments. METHODS Young people aged 13-25 years were recruited from a mental health trust in England and followed up for 6 months. Self-report data was collected at baseline and monthly during follow-up and linked with electronic health records (EHR) and user-generated data. FINDINGS A total of 362 young people enrolled and provided baseline questionnaire data. Most participants had a history of self-harm according to clinical (n = 295, 81.5%) and broader definitions (n = 296, 81.8%). At baseline, there were high levels of current moderate/severe anxiety (n = 244; 67.4%), depression (n = 255; 70.4%) and sleep disturbance (n = 171; 47.2%). Over half used social media and smartphones after midnight on weekdays (n = 197, 54.4%; n = 215, 59.4%) and weekends (n = 241, 66.6%; n = 263, 72.7%), and half met the cut-off for problematic smartphone use (n = 177; 48.9%). Of the cohort, we have questionnaire data at month 6 from 230 (63.5%), EHR data from 345 (95.3%), social media data from 110 (30.4%) and smartphone data from 48 (13.3%). CONCLUSION The 3S-YP study is the first prospective study with a clinical youth sample, for whom to investigate the impact of digital technology on youth mental health using novel data linkages. Baseline findings indicate self-harm, anxiety, depression, sleep disturbance and digital technology overuse are prevalent among clinical youth. Future analyses will explore associations between outcomes and exposures over time and compare self-report with user-generated data in this cohort.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Bye
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Ben Carter
- Department of Biostatistics and Health Informatics, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Daniel Leightley
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
- Institute of Psychiatry, King’s Centre for Military Health Research, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
- School of Life Course & Population Sciences, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Kylee Trevillion
- Health Service and Population Research Department, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Maria Liakata
- School of Electronic Engineering & Computer Science, Queen Mary, University of London, London, United Kingdom
- The Alan Turing Institute, London, United Kingdom
- University of Warwick, Warwick, United Kingdom
| | | | - Samantha Cross
- Department of Biostatistics and Health Informatics, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Zohra Zenasni
- Department of Biostatistics and Health Informatics, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Ewan Carr
- Department of Biostatistics and Health Informatics, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Grace Williamson
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
- Institute of Psychiatry, King’s Centre for Military Health Research, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Alba Vega Viyuela
- National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR) Clinical Research Network (CRN) South London, London, United Kingdom
- Cardiology Research Department, Health Research Institute, Fundación Jiménez Díaz Hospital, Madrid, Spain
| | - Rina Dutta
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
- South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
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Mei Z, Zhang Y, Fan Q, Luo S, Luo S. The effects of mobile phone dependence on athletic performance and its mechanisms. Front Psychol 2024; 15:1391258. [PMID: 38817835 PMCID: PMC11138105 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1391258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2024] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Mobile phone dependence (also known as internet dependence, MPD), defined as a problematic behavior characterized by excessive use or intermittent craving to use a mobile phone, results in various social, behavioral, and affective problems in daily life. In sports, MPD is directly related to the physical and mental health and sports performance of athletes. The individual and environmental factors, neurobiological mechanisms and theoretical models of MPD affecting athletic performance were analyzed by reviewing previous studies, aiming to construct effective training and development protocols to prevent and control the occurrence of MPD in athletes. At present, athletic performance can be affected by MPD through individual factors and environmental factors. The neurobiological mechanisms between the two are based on the brain reward system and microwave radiation from mobile phones, with athletic performance being restricted by alterations in the corresponding brain regions. Relevant theoretical models mainly include the social cognitive model of self-regulation and the integrative model of self-control, which explain the interrelationship between MPD and athletic performance from the perspectives of athletes' self-regulation and self-control, respectively. As an emerging phenomenon, the influence pathways and mechanisms by which MPD affects athletic performance need to be further investigated. A longitudinal perspective should be adopted to trace the dynamic impact relationship between the two, and developing relevant theoretical frameworks from an interdisciplinary research perspective should be valuable for providing theoretical support for coaches and sports administrators to formulate scientific training protocols and thus improve the mental health of athletes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Shi Luo
- School of Physical Education, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
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McDuff D, Barakat A, Winbush A, Jiang A, Cordeiro F, Crowley R, Kahn LE, Hernandez J, Allen NB. The Google Health Digital Well-Being Study: Protocol for a Digital Device Use and Well-Being Study. JMIR Res Protoc 2024; 13:e49189. [PMID: 38743938 PMCID: PMC11134241 DOI: 10.2196/49189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2023] [Revised: 10/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The impact of digital device use on health and well-being is a pressing question. However, the scientific literature on this topic, to date, is marred by small and unrepresentative samples, poor measurement of core constructs, and a limited ability to address the psychological and behavioral mechanisms that may underlie the relationships between device use and well-being. Recent authoritative reviews have made urgent calls for future research projects to address these limitations. The critical role of research is to identify which patterns of use are associated with benefits versus risks and who is more vulnerable to harmful versus beneficial outcomes, so that we can pursue evidence-based product design, education, and regulation aimed at maximizing benefits and minimizing the risks of smartphones and other digital devices. OBJECTIVE The objective of this study is to provide normative data on objective patterns of smartphone use. We aim to (1) identify how patterns of smartphone use impact well-being and identify groups of individuals who show similar patterns of covariation between smartphone use and well-being measures across time; (2) examine sociodemographic and personality or mental health predictors and which patterns of smartphone use and well-being are associated with pre-post changes in mental health and functioning; (3) discover which nondevice behavior patterns mediate the association between device use and well-being; (4) identify and explore recruitment strategies to increase and improve the representation of traditionally underrepresented populations; and (5) provide a real-world baseline of observed stress, mood, insomnia, physical activity, and sleep across a representative population. METHODS This is a prospective, nonrandomized study to investigate the patterns and relationships among digital device use, sensor-based measures (including both behavioral and physiological signals), and self-reported measures of mental health and well-being. The study duration is 4 weeks per participant and includes passive sensing based on smartphone sensors, and optionally a wearable (Fitbit), for the complete study period. The smartphone device will provide activity, location, phone unlocks and app usage, and battery status information. RESULTS At the time of submission, the study infrastructure and app have been designed and built, the institutional review board of the University of Oregon has approved the study protocol, and data collection is underway. Data from 4182 enrolled and consented participants have been collected as of March 27, 2023. We have made many efforts to sample a study population that matches the general population, and the demographic breakdown we have been able to achieve, to date, is not a perfect match. CONCLUSIONS The impact of digital devices on mental health and well-being raises important questions. The Digital Well-Being Study is designed to help answer questions about the association between patterns of smartphone use and well-being. INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT IDENTIFIER (IRRID) DERR1-10.2196/49189.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ari Winbush
- University of Oregon, Eugene, OR, United States
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6
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Tang S, Chen R, Ma Z, Li X, Chen J, Zhao J. Associations of problematic smartphone use with depressive symptoms and suicidal ideation in university students before and after the COVID-19 outbreak: A meta-analysis. Addict Behav 2024; 152:107969. [PMID: 38290322 DOI: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2024.107969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 01/06/2024] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Problematic smartphone use (PSU) has been suggested to present with depressive symptoms and suicidal ideation (SI) as well as sleep disturbance, lack of social support, and emotional isolation. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to evaluate the association between PSU with depressive symptoms and SI in university students, and to determine the potential influence of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak. METHODS Observational studies pertinent to our research were identified through comprehensive searches of the PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science databases. To account for potential heterogeneity, the random-effects models were employed to aggregate the findings. RESULTS Eighteen datasets from 17 case-control studies, including 24,019 university students, were included. Among them, 8,775 (36.5 %) had PSU. A higher prevalence of depressive symptoms (odds ratio [OR]: 2.40, 95 % confidence interval [CI]: 2.19 to 2.63, p < 0.001; prediction interval: 1.95 to 2.96) was observed in university students with higher scores for PSU measures. A subgroup analysis showed a stronger association between PSU and depressive symptoms after the COVID-19 outbreak as compared to that before the outbreak (OR: 2.76 versus 2.16, p for subgroup difference = 0.002), which explained the heterogeneity. The association between PSU and depressive symptoms in university students was similar to those reported in studies from China and other countries, and in studies with different quality scores. Finally, a meta-analysis of three studies suggested that PSU was also associated with the prevalence of SI (OR: 2.18, 95 % CI: 1.77 to 2.68, p < 0.001; I2 = 0 %). CONCLUSION In university students, PSU may be a risk factor for depressive symptoms and SI, and the association between PSU and depressive symptoms became stronger after the COVID-19 outbreak.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyao Tang
- Mental Health Center, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Rongning Chen
- Mental Health Center, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Zijie Ma
- Department of Psychology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, China
| | - Xueguo Li
- Mental Health Center, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Jianbin Chen
- Mental Health Center, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Jingbo Zhao
- Mental Health Center, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China.
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7
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Ji S, Xu S, Zhou Z, Zhu Y, Liu T. The relationship between nomophobia and latent classes of personality. Psych J 2024. [PMID: 38692576 DOI: 10.1002/pchj.758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024]
Abstract
The phenomenon of nomophobia, defined as the anxiety experienced when a person is without their mobile phone or is unable to use it, has been identified as having serious negative effects on individuals, particularly students. Previous research has explored the relationship between personality traits and nomophobia, but the findings have been inconclusive. The main objective of this study was to classify personality types through latent class analysis and explore the relationship between these personality types and nomophobia. The Chinese version of the Nomophobia Scale and the Chinese brief version of the Big Five Personality Inventory were used in this study to survey 1906 Chinese college students. The results indicated that (1) a four-class model provided the best fit and categorized the personality traits as the overcontrolled class, resilient class, moderate class, and vulnerable class; (2) significant differences were observed between the four personality types and nomophobia, with overcontrolled and resilient personality types consistently scoring significantly lower than moderate and vulnerable personality types. Our finding highlights the key feature of the study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shunxin Ji
- Faculty of Psychology, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, China
| | - Suwei Xu
- Faculty of Psychology, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhao Zhou
- Faculty of Psychology, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, China
| | - Ye Zhu
- Faculty of Psychology, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, China
- Key Research Base of Humanities and Social Sciences of the Ministry of Education, Academy of Psychology and Behavior, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Social Science Laboratory of Students' Mental Development and Learning, Tianjin, China
| | - Tour Liu
- Faculty of Psychology, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, China
- Key Research Base of Humanities and Social Sciences of the Ministry of Education, Academy of Psychology and Behavior, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Social Science Laboratory of Students' Mental Development and Learning, Tianjin, China
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8
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Kim M, Seong G, Jeon MJ, Jung YC, Lee D. The mediating effect of attentional impulsivity between mindfulness and problematic smartphone use. BMC Psychiatry 2024; 24:294. [PMID: 38637786 PMCID: PMC11025234 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-024-05708-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Problematic smartphone use has been linked to lower levels of mindfulness, impaired attentional function, and higher impulsivity. This study aimed to identify the psychological mechanisms of problematic smartphone use by exploring the relationship between addictive smartphone use, mindfulness, attentional function and impulsivity. METHODS Ninety participants were evaluated with the smartphone addiction proneness scale and classified into the problematic smartphone use group (n = 42; 24 women; mean age: 27.6 ± 7.2 years) or normal use group (n = 48; 22 women; mean age: 30.1 ± 5.7 years). All participants completed self-report questionnaires evaluating their trait impulsivity and mindfulness and attention tests that assessed selective, sustained and divided attention. We compared the variables between the groups and explored the relationship between mindfulness, attentional function, impulsivity and addictive smartphone use through mediation analysis. RESULTS The problematic smartphone use group showed higher trait impulsivity and lower mindfulness than the normal use group. There were no significant group differences in performance on attention tests. Levels of addictive smartphone use were significantly correlated with higher levels of trait impulsivity and lower levels of mindfulness, but not with performance on attention tests. Mediation analysis showed that acting with awareness, an aspect of mindfulness, reduces the degree of addictive smartphone use through attentional impulsivity, one of the trait impulsivity. CONCLUSION Acting without sufficient awareness could influence addictive smartphone use by mediating attentional impulsivity. This supports that executive control deficits, reflected in high attentional impulsivity, contribute to problematic smartphone use. Our findings imply that mindfulness-based interventions can enhance executive control over smartphone use by promoting awareness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minjung Kim
- Institute of Behavioral Science in Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Goeun Seong
- Institute of Behavioral Science in Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Min-Jeong Jeon
- Department of Clinical Psychology, Yongin Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Yongin, Korea
| | - Young-Chul Jung
- Institute of Behavioral Science in Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
- Department of Psychiatry, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
- Institute for Innovation in Digital Healthcare, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea.
| | - Deokjong Lee
- Institute of Behavioral Science in Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
- Yonsei Empathy Psychiatry Clinic, Seoul, Korea.
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Tang H, Li Y, Dong W, Guo X, Wu S, Chen C, Lu G. The relationship between childhood trauma and internet addiction in adolescents: A meta-analysis. J Behav Addict 2024; 13:36-50. [PMID: 38340148 PMCID: PMC10988395 DOI: 10.1556/2006.2024.00001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Revised: 09/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective Many studies have explored the relationship between childhood trauma and internet addiction from different theoretical perspectives; however, the results have been inconsistent. The purpose of this meta-analysis was to examine the relationship between childhood trauma and internet addiction. Methods The PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, CNKI, Wanfang and VIP electronic databases were searched to identify studies examining the correlation between childhood trauma and adolescent internet addiction. The databases were searched from inception to December 31, 2022. Two researchers independently screened the literature, extracted the data, and evaluated the risk of bias of the included studies. Then, Stata 17.0 software was used to perform meta-analysis. Results This study was registered on PROSPERO (CRD42023388699). A total of 19 studies involving 21,398 adolescents were included in this meta-analysis. The random effects model was used for pooled analysis, and the results revealed a strong positive association between childhood trauma and internet addiction (r = 0.395, 95% CI [0.345, 0.442]). The relationship between childhood trauma and internet addiction was moderated by sample size, survey area, and internet addiction measurement tools. There were significant differences between the associations based on the various child trauma measurement tools and study quality scores. However, interstudy heterogeneity was not significantly affected by study year, sample source, or participant age. Conclusion Internet addiction is positively correlated with childhood trauma. Therefore, it is extremely important for parents to provide a good growth environment during childhood to enhance the physical and mental development of adolescents. A warm family atmosphere helps individuals develop a healthy personality, thereby reducing or preventing the occurrence of internet addiction. Due to the limited number and low quality of the included studies, the above conclusions need to be verified by additional high-quality studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haishan Tang
- Institute of Nursing and Health, College of Nursing and Health, Henan University, Jinming Avenue, Kaifeng, Henan, 475004, China
| | - Yuanyuan Li
- Institute of Nursing and Health, College of Nursing and Health, Henan University, Jinming Avenue, Kaifeng, Henan, 475004, China
| | - Wanglin Dong
- Institute of Nursing and Health, College of Nursing and Health, Henan University, Jinming Avenue, Kaifeng, Henan, 475004, China
| | - Xiajun Guo
- Institute of Nursing and Health, College of Nursing and Health, Henan University, Jinming Avenue, Kaifeng, Henan, 475004, China
| | - Sijia Wu
- Institute of Nursing and Health, College of Nursing and Health, Henan University, Jinming Avenue, Kaifeng, Henan, 475004, China
| | - Chaoran Chen
- Institute of Nursing and Health, College of Nursing and Health, Henan University, Jinming Avenue, Kaifeng, Henan, 475004, China
| | - Guangli Lu
- Institute of Business Administration, School of Business, Henan University, Jinming Avenue, Kaifeng 475004, Henan, China
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Al-Abyadh MHA, Alatawi MA, Emara EAM, Almasoud SA, Alsetoohy O, Ali ARM. Do Smartphone Addiction and Self-Regulation Failures Affect Students' Academic Life Satisfaction? The Role of Students' Mind Wandering and Cognitive Failures. Psychol Res Behav Manag 2024; 17:1231-1253. [PMID: 38524287 PMCID: PMC10959119 DOI: 10.2147/prbm.s437076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose The purpose of this study is to investigate how smartphone addiction and self-regulation failure influence students' academic life satisfaction considering the impacts of students' mind wandering and cognitive failures. It also sought to look at how students' minds wander, and cognitive failures are affected by smartphone addiction and self-regulation failure among university students. Methods The WarpPLS-SEM software was used to analyze the research data retrieved from a sample of 950 undergraduate students from universities in Egypt and the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA). Results In both countries, the findings revealed that students' smartphone addiction and self-regulation failures negatively affect students' academic life satisfaction and positively affect students' mind wandering and cognitive failures. Additionally, smartphone addiction is positively related to failures of students' self-regulation. Besides the negative influences of students' cognitive failures on their academic life satisfaction, cognitive failures mediated negatively the relationship between mind wandering and students' academic life satisfaction. Finally, students' mind wandering mediated the relationship between smartphone addiction, self-regulation failure, and academic life satisfaction. Discussion The study introduces fresh insights into the study variables that can be used to expand the literature on academic life satisfaction. The study provides theoretical and practical contributions to students, educators, and policymakers of education.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Hasan Ali Al-Abyadh
- Department of Special Education, College of Education in Al-Kharj, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, 11942, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
- College of Education, Thamar University, Dhamar, Yemen
| | - Marwan Atallah Alatawi
- Department of Special Education, College of Education and Art, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Eslam Abdelhafiz Mohamed Emara
- Department of Educational and Psychological Sciences, Faculty of Special Education, Damietta University, New Damietta, Egypt
| | - Sahar Abdulaziz Almasoud
- Department of Teaching and Learning, College of Education and Human Development, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Omar Alsetoohy
- Department of Hotel Management, Faculty of Tourism and Hotels, University of Sadat City, Sadat City, Egypt
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11
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Nawaz S, Bhowmik J, Linden T, Mitchell M. Validation of a modified problematic use of mobile phones scale to examine problematic smartphone use and dependence. Heliyon 2024; 10:e24832. [PMID: 38312683 PMCID: PMC10835260 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e24832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Over the past decade, the world population has experienced rapid and widespread adoption of smartphones due to their usefulness and convenience. However, researchers have identified a range of adverse behaviours associated with the adoption of smartphones and their higher use. These behaviours are collectively described as Problematic Smartphone Use and Dependence (PSUD). Despite growing research, the underlying processes and drivers leading to these behaviours are inadequately understood. This can partly be attributed to the absence of developed statistical tools and measures that allow researchers to build a comprehensive conceptual understanding of PSUD. To address this issue, this study proposes and evaluates a validated extension to the Problematic Use of Mobile Phones (PUMP) scale. The extension of this tool incorporates factors associated with substance dependence outlined in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), including additional items to measure PSUD accurately, referred to as the modified problematic use of mobile phones (MPUMP) scale. The newly developed tool was used in a cross-sectional online survey during September and October 2022, drawing on 1018 adult Australian participants. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) were conducted to derive the underlying factors. The EFA revealed two distinct factors: Distraction and Dysregulation. Both factors exhibited high internal consistency, with Cronbach's Alpha coefficients of 0.92 and 0.86, respectively. A one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) revealed significant variations inthe identified factors' mean scores across different socio-demographic characteristics. The study provides evidence that the MPUMP scale is a validated and reliable measure for accurately assessing PSUD. The study findings offer novel insights into the psychosocial and physical aspects of PSUD, providing a foundation for exploring the causes and potential interventions for PSUD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saqib Nawaz
- Department of Computing Technologies, School of Science, Computing and Engineering Technologies, Swinburne University of Technology, Australia
| | - Jahar Bhowmik
- Department of Health Science and Biostatistics, School of Health Sciences, Swinburne University of Technology, Australia
| | - Tanya Linden
- School of Computing and IS, Faculty of Engineering and IT, The University of Melbourne, Australia
| | - Matthew Mitchell
- Department of Computing Technologies, School of Science, Computing and Engineering Technologies, Swinburne University of Technology, Australia
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12
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Liu W, Kawashima T, Shinohara K. Effects of cell phone presence on the control of visual attention during the Navon task. BMC Psychol 2023; 11:334. [PMID: 37828554 PMCID: PMC10571467 DOI: 10.1186/s40359-023-01381-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although cell phones can provide great convenience to our lives, research has shown that they can also affect our behavior, even when not in use. It seems that having a cell phone nearby may not be ideal when the user needs to concentrate on work. However, little is known about whether cell phone presence specifically impairs attentional control. METHODS This study investigated whether cell phone presence can influence attentional control in the Navon task, which involves spatial switching of attention between global and local levels. RESULTS It was found that the reaction time for all types of trials decreased when the participants had a cell phone nearby compared to when they had a mobile battery nearby. It was also found that phone dependency led to more incorrect responses among participants, but this effect was independent of the influence of phone presence on the Navon task performance. CONCLUSIONS These findings indicate that cell phone presence may have a positive influence on the perceptual process of the Navon letter, suggesting that the effects of phone presence are not always negative. One implication provided by this study is that it is possible to challenge the assertion that cell phones should always be excluded from the workplace by highlighting the positive effects of their presence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjuan Liu
- Department of Psychological Health, Wuhan Hankou Hospital, No. 7, 27 Side Road, Jiangan District, Wuhan City, 430010, Hubei Province, China.
| | - Tomoya Kawashima
- Department of Psychological Science, College of Informatics and Human Communication, Kanazawa Institute of Technology, Nonoichi, Japan
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13
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Frydenlund G, Guldager JD, Frederiksen KO, Egebæk HK. Do young people perceive their smartphone addiction as problematic? A study in Danish university college students. Heliyon 2023; 9:e20368. [PMID: 37790974 PMCID: PMC10543362 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e20368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Revised: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023] Open
Abstract
As smartphone addiction has been linked to poor mental health and lower levels of physical activity, it is of public health interest to explore the behavior behind problematic smartphone use and develop interventions to reduce smartphone use. This study aimed to investigate the risk of smartphone addiction and examine perceived problematic smartphone behavior among university college students. This online survey conducted amongst 1251 Danish University College students studied smartphone addiction in conjunction with physical- and mental health dimensions. The risk of smartphone addiction was estimated using the Smartphone Addiction Scale-Short Version (SAS-SV). The main results are presented as odds ratios from multivariate logistic regressions. One in four (23%) were at high risk of smartphone addiction. Of this high-risk group, 74% identified their smartphone behavior as problematic, with 91% having considered reducing their smartphone use. Students with a high risk of smartphone addiction perceiving their behavior as problematic were more likely to report low mental health and well-being. In conclusion, students at high risk of smartphone addiction acknowledge their problematic behavior and have actively considered behavior modifications. This knowledge can enable teachers, parents, and social and health workers to understand that a majority of heavy smartphone users are open to reducing their smartphone usage, albeit with the appropriate support.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gitte Frydenlund
- Department of Physiotherapy Education, University College South Denmark, Degnevej 16, 6705 Esbjerg, Denmark
| | - Julie Dalgaard Guldager
- Department of Physiotherapy Education, University College South Denmark, Degnevej 16, 6705 Esbjerg, Denmark
- Unit for Health Promotion Research, Department of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Esbjerg, Denmark
| | - Katrine Oertel Frederiksen
- Department of Physiotherapy Education, University College South Denmark, Degnevej 16, 6705 Esbjerg, Denmark
| | - Heidi Klakk Egebæk
- Research Department, University College South Denmark, Haderslev, Denmark
- Centre for Research in Childhood Health, Institute of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
- Centre for Clinical Research and Prevention, Section for Health Promotion and Prevention, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, Nordre Fasanvej 57, 2000 Frederiksberg, Denmark
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14
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Peng P, Chen Z, Ren S, Liu Y, He R, Liang Y, Tan Y, Tang J, Chen X, Liao Y. Determination of the cutoff point for Smartphone Application-Based Addiction Scale for adolescents: a latent profile analysis. BMC Psychiatry 2023; 23:675. [PMID: 37716941 PMCID: PMC10504767 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-023-05170-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUNDS The Smartphone Application-Based Addiction Scale (SABAS) is a validated 6-item measurement tool for assessing problematic smartphone use (PSU). However, the absence of established cutoff points for SABAS hinders its utilities. This study aimed to determine the optimal cutoff point for SABAS through latent profile analysis (LPA) and receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) analyses among 63, 205. Chinese adolescents. Additionally, the study explored whether PSU screening with SABAS could effectively capture problematic social media use (PSMU) and internet gaming disorder (IGD). METHOD We recruited 63,205. adolescents using cluster sampling. Validated questionnaires were used to assess PSMU, IGD, and mental health (depression, anxiety, sleep disturbances, well-being, resilience, and externalizing and internalizing problems). RESULTS LPA identified a 3-class model for PSU, including low-risk users (38.6%, n = 24,388.), middle-risk users (42.5%, n = 26,885.), and high-risk users (18.9%, n = 11,932.). High-risk users were regarded as "PSU cases" in ROC analysis, which demonstrated an optimal cut-off point of 23 (sensitivity: 98.1%, specificity: 96.8%). According to the cutoff point, 21.1% (n = 13,317.) were identified as PSU. PSU adolescents displayed higher PSMU, IGD, and worse mental health. PSU screening effectively captured IGD (sensitivity: 86.8%, specificity: 84.5%) and PSMU (sensitivity: 84.5%, specificity: 80.2%). CONCLUSION A potential ideal threshold for utilizing SABAS to identify PSU could be 23 (out of 36). Employing SABAS as a screening tool for PSU holds the potential to reliably pinpoint both IGD and PSMU.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pu Peng
- Department of Psychiatry, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 3 East Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310016, Zhejiang, China
- Department of Psychiatry, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, and National Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Zhangming Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, and National Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Silan Ren
- Department of Nursing, Sichuan Vocational College of Health and Rehabilitation, Zigong, Sichuan, China
| | - Yi Liu
- Department of Psychiatry, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 3 East Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310016, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ruini He
- Department of Psychiatry, Zigong Mental Health Center, Zigong, Sichuan, China
| | - Yudiao Liang
- Department of Psychiatry, Zigong Mental Health Center, Zigong, Sichuan, China
| | - Youguo Tan
- Department of Psychiatry, Zigong Mental Health Center, Zigong, Sichuan, China
| | - Jinsong Tang
- Department of Psychiatry, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 3 East Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310016, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaogang Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, and National Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Yanhui Liao
- Department of Psychiatry, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 3 East Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310016, Zhejiang, China.
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15
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Greene B, Bernardo L, Thompson M, Loughead J, Ashare R. Behavioral Economic Strategies to Improve Enrollment Rates in Clinical Research: Embedded Recruitment Pilot Trial. JMIR Form Res 2023; 7:e47121. [PMID: 37477975 PMCID: PMC10403799 DOI: 10.2196/47121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Revised: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nearly 1 in 3 clinical trials end prematurely due to underenrollment. Strategies to enhance recruitment are often implemented without scientific rigor to evaluate efficacy. Evidence-based, cost-effective behavioral economic strategies designed to influence decision-making may be useful to promote clinical trial enrollment. OBJECTIVE This study evaluated 2 behavioral economic strategies to improve enrollment and retention rates across 4 clinical trials: information provision (IP) and contingency management (CM; ie, lottery). IP targets descriptive and injunctive norms about participating in research and CM provides participants incentives to reinforce a target behavior. METHODS A sample of 212 participants was enrolled across 4 clinical trials focused on tobacco use: 2 focused on HIV and 2 focused on neuroimaging. The CM condition included a lottery: for each study visit completed, participants received 5 "draws" from a bowl containing 500 "chips" valued at US $0, US $1, US $5, or US $100. In the IP condition, text messages that targeted injunctive norms about research (eg, "Many find it a rewarding way to advance science and be part of a community") were sent through the Way to Health platform before all study visits. Participants were randomized to 1 of 4 conditions: IP, CM, IP+CM, or standard recruitment (SR). We performed logistic regression, controlling for sex and study, with condition as a between-subject predictor. Outcomes were the percentage of participants who attended a final eligibility visit (primary), met intent-to-treat (ITT) criteria (secondary), and completed the study (secondary). Recruitment was evaluated by the percentage of participants who attended a final eligibility visit, enrollment by ITT status, and retention by the percentage of participants who completed the study. RESULTS Rates of attending the eligibility visit and meeting ITT status were 58.9% (33/56) and 33.9% (19/56) for IP+CM; 45.5% (25/55) and 18.2% (10/55) for IP only; 41.5% (22/53) and 18.9% (10/53) for CM only; and 37.5% (18/48) and 12.5% (6/48) for SR, respectively. In the logistic regression, females were more likely to meet ITT status than males (odds ratio [OR] 2.7, 95% CI 1.2-5.7; P=.01). The IP+CM group was twice as likely to attend the final eligibility visit than the SR group (OR 2.4, 95% CI 1.1-5.2; P=.04). The IP+CM group was also significantly more likely to reach ITT status than the SR condition (OR 3.9, 95% CI 1.3-11.1; P=.01). Those who received any active intervention (IP, CM, or IP+CM) had a higher study completion rate (33/53, 63.5%) compared to those who received SR (5/12, 41.7%), but this difference was not significant (P=.26). CONCLUSIONS Combining IP and CM strategies may motivate participants to participate in research and improve recruitment and retention rates. Evidence from this study provides preliminary support for the utility of behavioral economics strategies to improve enrollment and reduce attrition in clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brittney Greene
- State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, United States
| | - Leah Bernardo
- Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Morgan Thompson
- School of Nursing, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - James Loughead
- Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Rebecca Ashare
- State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, United States
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16
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Abdulla F, Hossain MM, Huq MN, Hai A, Rahman A, Kabir R, Peya FJ, Islam S, Khan HTA. Prevalence, determinants and consequences of problematic smartphone use among preschoolers (3-5 years) from Dhaka, Bangladesh: A cross-sectional investigation. J Affect Disord 2023; 329:413-427. [PMID: 36858268 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2023.02.094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Revised: 01/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/03/2023]
Abstract
The problematic smartphone use (PSU) has been becoming a challenging health issue for preschoolers aged 3-5 years as it has severe adverse effect on their psychological, physical, and cognitive development. The scarcity of scientific research on this issue in the context of Bangladesh motivated the authors for conducting this cross-sectional study to explore the prevalence of PSU with its influential factors and adverse effects on preschooler's psychological and physical development based on primary data collected from 400 mothers. The multivariable ordinal logistic regression (OLR) was used to compute the adjusted likelihoods. The estimated prevalence of PSU was approximately 86 %, where about 29 % were severely problematic user. The likelihood of preschoolers' PSU was observed to increase with >1 h/day usage of smartphone by children (Adjusted Odds Ratio (AOR): 3.92). Other important factors were parental smartphone use, education, profession, family income, and mother's age. Both of moderate and severe PSU had adverse effect on preschoolers' health- severe PSU was found to increase the likelihood of psychological and physical problems by 6.03 and 3.29 times, respectively. The preschoolers with PSU reported to suffer from many physical and mental health problems such as attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), emotional instability, aggressiveness, depression, lack of control, impaired vision and hearing, obesity, body imbalance, and lack of brain development. It is now prime time to undertake strategic policies considering the findings for limiting the preschoolers' usage of smartphone, which will make Bangladesh susceptible to protect its future generation from harmful effects of PSU.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faruq Abdulla
- Department of Applied Health and Nutrition, RTM Al-Kabir Technical University, Sylhet 3100, Bangladesh.
| | - Md Moyazzem Hossain
- Department of Statistics, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka 1342, Bangladesh; School of Mathematics, Statistics & Physics, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.
| | - Mohammed Nazmul Huq
- Department of Statistics, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka 1342, Bangladesh.
| | - Abdul Hai
- Department of Software Engineering, Faculty of Computer Science and Information Technology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
| | - Azizur Rahman
- School of Computing, Mathematics and Engineering, Charles Sturt University, Wagga Wagga NSW-2678, Australia.
| | - Russell Kabir
- Department for Allied and Public Health, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Anglia Ruskin University, Bishop Hall Lane, Chelmsford, Essex CM1 1SQ, UK.
| | - Farhana Jahan Peya
- Research, Training and Management (RTM) International, Mirpur, Dhaka 1216, Bangladesh.
| | - Sinigdha Islam
- Department of Political Science and Sociology, Faculty of Public Administration Concentration in Public and Community Health, Murray State University, Murray, KY, USA.
| | - Hafiz T A Khan
- Public Health & Statistics, College of Nursing, Midwifery and Healthcare, University of West London, Brentford, UK.
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17
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Zhang Y, Li S, Xu H, Jin Z, Li R, Zhang Y, Wan Y. Gender-based differences in interaction effects between childhood maltreatment and problematic mobile phone use on college students' depression and anxiety symptoms. BMC Psychiatry 2023; 23:286. [PMID: 37098541 PMCID: PMC10127168 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-023-04777-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 04/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Childhood maltreatment and problematic mobile phone use are risk factors for depression and anxiety symptoms among college students. However, how the interaction between the two factors affects depression and anxiety has yet to be validated. This study aimed to investigate the independent and interaction effects of childhood maltreatment and problematic mobile phone use on depression and anxiety among college students and explored gender-based differences in these associations. METHOD A cross-sectional study was conducted from October to December 2019. We collected data from 7623 students at two colleges in Hefei and Anqing cities in Anhui Province, China. Multinomial logistic regression models were performed to explore the associations of childhood maltreatment and problematic mobile phone use with depression and anxiety symptoms and their interaction effects on depression and anxiety symptoms. RESULTS Childhood maltreatment and problematic mobile phone use were significantly associated with increased risk of depression and anxiety symptoms (P < 0.001). Moreover, following adjustments for covariates, there was a multiplicative interaction between childhood maltreatment and problematic mobile phone use on depression and anxiety symptoms (P < 0.001). Gender-based differences were also observed in the associations. For instance, depression was more common in males and male students with childhood maltreatment were at higher risk of depression-only symptoms. CONCLUSION Focusing on childhood maltreatment and problematic mobile phone use could facilitate a reduction in the occurrence of depression and anxiety symptoms in college students. Furthermore, it is necessary to develop gender-targeted intervention strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulin Zhang
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Anhui Medical University, No. 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, China
| | - Shuqin Li
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No. 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Study on Abnormal Gametes and Reproductive Tract, No. 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, China
- MOE Key Laboratory of Population Health Across the Life Cycle, No. 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, China
| | - Huiqiong Xu
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No. 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Study on Abnormal Gametes and Reproductive Tract, No. 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, China
- MOE Key Laboratory of Population Health Across the Life Cycle, No. 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, China
| | - Zhengge Jin
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No. 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Study on Abnormal Gametes and Reproductive Tract, No. 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, China
- MOE Key Laboratory of Population Health Across the Life Cycle, No. 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, China
| | - Ruoyu Li
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No. 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Study on Abnormal Gametes and Reproductive Tract, No. 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, China
- MOE Key Laboratory of Population Health Across the Life Cycle, No. 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No. 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, China.
- NHC Key Laboratory of Study on Abnormal Gametes and Reproductive Tract, No. 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, China.
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, 230022, China.
| | - Yuhui Wan
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No. 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, China.
- NHC Key Laboratory of Study on Abnormal Gametes and Reproductive Tract, No. 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, China.
- MOE Key Laboratory of Population Health Across the Life Cycle, No. 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230032, China.
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18
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Screening for forms of problematic Internet usage. Curr Opin Behav Sci 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cobeha.2023.101260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/09/2023]
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Vujić A, Volarov M, Latas M, Griffiths MD, Szabo A. Psychometric Properties of the Serbian Smartphone Application-Based Addiction Scale (SABAS) and Validation of the English Version Among Non-native English Speakers. Int J Ment Health Addict 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s11469-023-01013-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
AbstractThe present study evaluated the psychometric properties of the Serbian Smartphone Application-Based Addiction Scale (SABAS) and the original English version of the same scale administered to a Serbian-speaking sample. In Study 1, 599 participants completed Serbian SABAS, with 189 having both test and retest data. Results suggested good internal consistency (α = .81) and test–retest reliability (ICC = .795, p < .001, 95% CI [.731, .844], rtest-retest = .803) of the scale. Convergent validity of the SABAS was evaluated through correlations with the Smartphone Addiction Scale–Short Version (SAS-SV), as well as with anxiety, depression, worry, duration, and purpose of smartphone use. Divergent validity of the SABAS was evaluated through comparing the correlations with entertainment and productive smartphone use. The modified CFA model showed an acceptable fit (χ2(8) = 25.53, p = .001, CFI = .961, TLI = .926, RMSEA = .096, SRMR = .042), confirming the unidimensionality of the SABAS. In the second study, the English SABAS, completed by 335 non-native speakers from Serbia, also showed a good fit of the single-factor model (χ2(9) = 12.56, p = .184, CFI = .990, TLI = .984, RMSEA = .036, SRMR = 0.026), and good psychometric features. Based on the study’s findings, the Serbian version of SABAS is a reliable and valid measure for screening the risk of smartphone addiction. Moreover, the English version can be used among non-native Serbian English speakers.
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Rahmillah FI, Tariq A, King M, Oviedo-Trespalacios O. Is distraction on the road associated with maladaptive mobile phone use? A systematic review. ACCIDENT; ANALYSIS AND PREVENTION 2023; 181:106900. [PMID: 36580764 DOI: 10.1016/j.aap.2022.106900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Revised: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Maladaptive Mobile Phone Use (MMPU) (also known as Smartphone Addiction, Nomophobia, Fear of Missing Out, or Problematic Mobile Phone Use) is a growing mental health problem. However, the health and safety consequences of MMPU remain unexplored in many real-life contexts. A potential setting where MMPU may have some negative repercussions is on the road. It is well established that road users (e.g., drivers, motorcyclists, pedestrians, and cyclists) increasingly injure themselves or others due to distractions such as phone use while on the road. Emerging research suggests that MMPU is a possible determinant of this risky behaviour. Therefore, it is essential to investigate the relationship between MMPU and mobile phone use behaviour on the road, as it could help guide and improve interventions aimed at increasing road safety. This systematic review investigated the relationship between maladaptive mobile phone use and mobile phone use behaviour on the road in terms of attitudes and risk perception, intention, phone use engagement, performance changes, and safety outcomes. A total of 44 studies were identified with 47 unique samples of road users, of which 68.1% (32/47) were comprised of drivers, 19.1% (9/47) were pedestrians, 8.5% (4/47) were unspecified road users, and there was one group of motorcyclists and cyclists. Our findings confirmed that MMPU is related to risky behaviour on the roads. In the 29 studies considering observed or self-reported behaviour, 90.9% (30/33) found that road users who scored higher in MMPU are more likely to use their phones on the road as cyclists, drivers, motorcyclists, and pedestrians. Of the nine studies that analysed performance changes, 55.6% (5/9) showed evidence that MMPU changes the performance of road users engaging in mobile phone use, meaning that there is evidence suggesting that MMPU determines the level of impairment. Of the nine studies that analysed the safety-related-outcomes, 66.7% (6/9) found that the higher the MMPU score, the more likely road users are to experience safety-critical traffic events. This review contributes to the literature by showing a pathway between the negative health consequences of MMPU and road trauma. We also identified that the quality of the studies was generally low due to study design and blinding aspects. This field of research also lacks standard practices as researchers avoid using established and well-validated questionnaires, often creating new ones to measure MMPU. This hinders the generalisability of the findings and raises questions about the construct validity and external validity of MMPU. The usefulness of future research would be enhanced by a consistent methodological approach using the same scales based on standard behavioural definitions. The cross-disciplinary nature of MMPU effects means that transport and road safety professionals need to work with healthcare professionals and technology organisations to understand and address MMPU as a contributing factor to road crashes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fety Ilma Rahmillah
- Centre for Accident Research and Road Safety-Queensland (CARRS-Q), Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, Australia.
| | - Amina Tariq
- School of Public Health and Social Work, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, Australia
| | - Mark King
- Centre for Accident Research and Road Safety-Queensland (CARRS-Q), Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, Australia
| | - Oscar Oviedo-Trespalacios
- Centre for Accident Research and Road Safety-Queensland (CARRS-Q), Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, Australia; Delft University of Technology, Faculty of Technology, Policy and Management, Section of Safety and Security Science, Jaffalaan 5, 2628 BX Delft, The Netherlands..
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21
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Birinci T, Van Der Veer P, Mutlu C, Mutlu EK. The Reliability and Validity of the Turkish Version of Smartphone Impact Scale. Eval Health Prof 2023; 46:84-91. [PMID: 35575445 DOI: 10.1177/01632787221097703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The Smartphone Impact Scale (SIS) was originally developed in English to determine the cognitive, affective, social, and behavioral impacts of smartphones. This study aimed to translate and cross-culturally adapt the SIS instrument into Turkish and investigate its psychometric properties. Two hundred and sixty-four young and middle-aged adults (186 females) with a mean age of 36.24 years (SD = 14.93; range, 18-65 years) were included. For cross-cultural adaptation, two bi-lingual translators used the back-translation procedure. Within a 5-to-7-day period after the first assessment, the participants completed the Turkish version of SIS (SIS-T) to evaluate test-retest reliability. Cronbach's alpha (α) was used to assess internal consistency. The correlation between the Turkish version of the Smartphone Addiction Scale (SAS-T) and the Nottingham Health Profile was determined to check the validity. The SIS-T had a high-level internal consistency (α = 0.86) and test-retest reliability (ICC2,1 = 0.56 to 0.89 for subscales). The SIS-T subscales were correlated with the SAS-T (r = 0.31 to 0.66, p < 0.01), indicating a good concurrent validity. The results show that the SIS-T is semantically and linguistically adequate to determine smartphones' cognitive, affective, social, and behavioral impacts on young and middle-aged adults. Good internal validity and test-retest reliability of the SIS-T were defined to evaluate the impacts of smartphones among Turkish-speaking young and middle-aged adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tansu Birinci
- 226842Istanbul Medeniyet University, Faculty of Health Sciences, Department Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation
| | - Pınar Van Der Veer
- 469683Istinye University, Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Turkey
| | - Caner Mutlu
- 37523Bursa Uludağ University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Child and Adolescent Mental Health and Diseases, Turkey
| | - Ebru Kaya Mutlu
- 450200Bandırma Onyedi Eylul University, Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Turkey
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22
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Bouazza S, Abbouyi S, El Kinany S, El Rhazi K, Zarrouq B. Association between Problematic Use of Smartphones and Mental Health in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) Region: A Systematic Review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:2891. [PMID: 36833586 PMCID: PMC9956271 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20042891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Revised: 01/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Smartphones have become essential components of daily life, and research into the harmful effects of problematic smartphone use (PSU) on mental health is expanding in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region. This issue has yet to be synthesized and critically evaluated. To find quantitative observational studies on the relationship between PSU and mental health in the MENA region, we developed a search equation and adapted it for four databases. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines were followed during the selection process. This review included 32 cross-sectional studies and one cohort study. The available language was English. All identified studies published until 8 October 2021, were considered. A modified Newcastle-Ottawa scale was used to assess the quality of the included studies. The studies enrolled 21,487 people and had low-to-moderate methodological quality. The prevalence of PSU ranged from 4.3 to 97.8 percent. The time factor, type of application used on the smartphone, and sociodemographic characteristics were the determinants of PSU. Depression, anxiety, and stress were strongly correlated with PSU. Epidemiological longitudinal studies that respect the quality of evidence are needed in all MENA countries to better plan and implement preventive measures against PSU.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samira Bouazza
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Research in Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Fez 30070, Morocco
| | - Samira Abbouyi
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Research in Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Fez 30070, Morocco
| | - Soukaina El Kinany
- Faculty of Sciences and Techniques, Errachidia, Moulay Ismail University of Meknes, Errachidia 52000, Morocco
| | - Karima El Rhazi
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Research in Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Fez 30070, Morocco
| | - Btissame Zarrouq
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Research in Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Fez 30070, Morocco
- Department of Biology and Geology, Teachers Training College (Ecole Normale Superieure), Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Fez 30030, Morocco
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23
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Hartanto A, Lee KYX, Chua YJ, Quek FYX, Majeed NM. Smartphone use and daily cognitive failures: A critical examination using a daily diary approach with objective smartphone measures. Br J Psychol 2023; 114:70-85. [PMID: 36102535 DOI: 10.1111/bjop.12597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Revised: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
While smartphones have brought many benefits and conveniences to users, there is continuing debate regarding their potential negative consequences on everyday cognition such as daily cognitive failures. A few cross-sectional studies have found positive associations between smartphone use and cognitive failures. However, several research gaps remain, such as the use of cross-sectional designs, confounds related to stable individual differences, the lack of validity in self-report measures of smartphone use, memory biases in retrospective self-reports, and the lack of differentiation between smartphone checking and smartphone screen time. To simultaneously address the aforementioned shortcomings, the current study examined the within-person associations between various objective indicators of smartphone use and daily cognitive failures using a 7-day daily diary study. Multilevel modelling revealed that smartphone checking, but not total smartphone screen time, predicted a greater occurrence of daily cognitive failures at the within-person level. Surprisingly, we also found negative within-person associations between smartphone screen time for social- and tools-related applications and daily cognitive failures, suggesting that some types of smartphone use may temporarily benefit one's cognitive functioning. This finding demonstrates the importance of studying the specific functions of smartphone use and their differential cognitive consequences, as well as highlights the complex relations between smartphone use and cognition.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Yi Jing Chua
- Singapore Management University, Singapore City, Singapore
| | | | - Nadyanna M Majeed
- Singapore Management University, Singapore City, Singapore.,National University of Singapore, Singapore City, Singapore
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24
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James RJE, Dixon G, Dragomir MG, Thirlwell E, Hitcham L. Understanding the construction of 'behavior' in smartphone addiction: A scoping review. Addict Behav 2023; 137:107503. [PMID: 36228362 DOI: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2022.107503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Revised: 08/28/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
It has been claimed that smartphone usage constitutes a behavioral addiction, characterised by compulsive, excessive use of one's phone and psychological withdrawal or distress when the phone is absent. However, there is uncertainty about key phenomenological and conceptual details of smartphone addiction. One of the central problems has been understanding the processes that link smartphone usage, and addiction. The question this paper aims to answer is straightforward: based on measures utilised in the literature, what does 'behavior' mean in the context of smartphone addiction? A scoping review of the smartphone addiction literature was undertaken. This identified 1305 studies collecting smartphone addiction data. Just under half (49.89%) of all published smartphone addiction papers did not report the collection of any smartphone specific behaviors. Those that did tended to focus on a small cluster of self-reported behaviors capturing volume of overall use: hours spent using a smartphone per day, number of pickups, duration of smartphone ownership, and types of app used. Approximately 10% of papers used logged behavioral data on phones. Although the theoretical literature places increasing focus on context and patterns of use, measurements of behavior tend to focus on broad, volumetric measures. The number of studies reporting behavior has decreased over time, suggesting smartphone addiction is becoming increasingly trait-like. Both major phone operating systems have proprietary apps that collected behavioral data by default, and research in the field should take advantage of these capabilities when measuring smartphone usage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard J E James
- School of Psychology, University of Nottingham. University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, United Kingdom.
| | - Grace Dixon
- School of Psychology, University of Nottingham. University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, United Kingdom
| | - Maria-Gabriela Dragomir
- School of Psychology, University of Nottingham. University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, United Kingdom
| | - Edie Thirlwell
- School of Psychology, University of Nottingham. University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, United Kingdom
| | - Lucy Hitcham
- School of Psychology, University of Nottingham. University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, United Kingdom
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25
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Wei X, An F, Liu C, Li K, Wu L, Ren L, Liu X. Escaping negative moods and concentration problems play bridge roles in the symptom network of problematic smartphone use and depression. Front Public Health 2023; 10:981136. [PMID: 36733277 PMCID: PMC9886682 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.981136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Problematic smartphone use (PSU) has become an issue of great concern in the age of smartphones. PSU is associated with emotional problems, one of which is depression, as shown by empirical studies. However, previous studies have been limited in that they have focused solely on the total score for symptoms of PSU and depression while ignoring the symptomatic heterogeneity of these two concepts. Method This study filled this gap by exploring links between symptoms of PSU and depression among 1,849 university students (59.17% female participants, 17-23 years old). Network analysis was utilized to reveal symptom connections, central symptoms, and bridge symptoms between PSU and depression. Results (1) A total of 17 of 81 symptom connections (about 21%) between PSU and depression existed in the symptom network. For example, "self-control failure" for PSU was positively correlated with "concentration problems" for depression; (2) "recklessly continuing" for PSU and "fatigue" for depression were central symptoms within the PSU symptom network and depression symptom network, respectively; (3) "escaping negative moods" for PSU and "concentration problems" for depression were bridge symptoms. The former was maximumly connected with the depression symptoms and the latter was maximumly connected with the PSU symptoms; and (4) gender had very minimal influence on the network characteristics. Conclusion The results are in keeping with the central idea of the compensatory internet use theory that excessive smartphone use may be a coping strategy for depressed emotions derived from escaping motivation. Moreover, concentration problems may be a mediator explaining how negative emotions (e.g., depression) cause PSU, which is undefined in current internet use theories. Finally, symptom connections, central symptoms, and bridge symptoms could be potential targets for the prevention and intervention of PSU and depression in young adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyi Wei
- Department of Psychology, Renmin University of China, Beijing, China
| | - Fei An
- Department of Military Medical Psychology, Air Force Medical University, Xian, China
| | - Chang Liu
- BrainPark, School of Psychological Sciences, Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, Monash University, Clayton, VI, Australia
| | - Kuiliang Li
- Department of Developmental Psychology of Armyman, Department of Medical Psychology, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Lin Wu
- Department of Military Medical Psychology, Air Force Medical University, Xian, China
| | - Lei Ren
- Department of Military Medical Psychology, Air Force Medical University, Xian, China,Lei Ren ✉
| | - Xufeng Liu
- Department of Military Medical Psychology, Air Force Medical University, Xian, China,*Correspondence: Xufeng Liu ✉
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26
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Berntsen D, Hoyle RH, Munkholm Møller D, Rubin DC. Digital daydreaming: Introducing the spontaneous smartphone checking scale. APPLIED COGNITIVE PSYCHOLOGY 2023. [DOI: 10.1002/acp.4034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Dorthe Berntsen
- Center on Autobiographical Memory Research Aarhus University Aarhus Denmark
| | - Rick H. Hoyle
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience Duke University Durham North Carolina USA
| | | | - David C. Rubin
- Center on Autobiographical Memory Research Aarhus University Aarhus Denmark
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience Duke University Durham North Carolina USA
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27
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Karaş H, Küçükparlak İ, Özbek MG, Yılmaz T. Addictive smartphone use in the elderly: relationship with depression, anxiety and sleep quality. Psychogeriatrics 2023; 23:116-125. [PMID: 36366976 DOI: 10.1111/psyg.12910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Revised: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of the present study was to explore the relationship between addictive smartphone use (ASU) and depressive symptoms, anxiety and sleep quality in elderly adults. METHODS The study sample included smartphone users over the age of 65 years. The research data were obtained from social networking sites via a Google survey link. In addition to filling out a sociodemographic data form, the participants were also assessed with Smartphone Addiction Scale (SAS), Geriatric Depression Scale, Beck Anxiety Inventory and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index tools. RESULTS The correlation analysis revealed the SAS score to be positively correlated with depression and anxiety, and negatively correlated with sleep quality. In the regression analysis, depressive symptoms, anxiety level and sleep quality were all found to have an effect on the SAS total score. Furthermore, the SAS score was found to have an effect on depressive symptoms, anxiety and sleep quality. CONCLUSIONS Our findings reveal a bidirectional relationship between ASU and depressive, anxiety symptoms and impaired sleep quality in elderly adults. It is important to question smartphone use patterns in people with sleep problems, symptoms of depression or anxiety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hakan Karaş
- Psychology Department, Istanbul Gelişim University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | | | | | - Taner Yılmaz
- Psychology Department, Istanbul Bilgi University, Istanbul, Turkey
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28
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Suseno M, Hayat B, Putra MDK, Bien JK, Rachmawati R, Hartanto H. A differential item functioning (DIF) analysis of the mobile phone problem use scale in Indonesian schools with and without smartphone banned policy. COGENT PSYCHOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/23311908.2022.2137306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Muchlas Suseno
- Department of English Language Education, State University of Jakarta, jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Bahrul Hayat
- Faculty of Psychology, Syarif Hidayatullah State Islamic University Jakarta, Indonesia
| | | | - Jonna Karla Bien
- Department of Psychology, Polytechnic University of the Philippines, Manila, Philippines
| | - R. Rachmawati
- Faculty of Medicine, Sriwijaya University, Palembang, Indonesia
| | - H. Hartanto
- Faculty of Psychology, Widya Dharma University, Klaten, Indonesia
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29
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Toma RA, Anderson CA, Matichescu M, Franţ A, Almǎjan-Guţă B, Cândea A, Bailey K. Effects of media use, smart phone addiction, and adult ADHD symptoms on wellbeing of college students during the COVID-19 lockdown: Dispositional hope as a protective factor. Front Psychol 2022; 13:1019976. [PMID: 36619067 PMCID: PMC9816392 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.1019976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction The present study investigated the role of dispositional hope as a potential protective factor moderator in the relationship between adult ADHD symptoms, media use/smart phone addiction and wellbeing during the period of isolation because of the COVID-19 pandemic among students in Romania. Methods A sample of 333 college students (86.8% female and 13.2% male) between the age of 18 and 47 with a mean of 20.6 years old from West University of Timişoara completed online surveys. Mediation and moderation analyses were performed to assess the associations among the variables. Results Results confirmed the negative associations of both adult ADHD and smartphone addiction with overall wellbeing. The smartphone addiction/ wellbeing association was moderated by dispositional hopefulness, such that high hopefulness served as a protective factor [b = -0.008, 95% percentile CI (-0.0134; -0.0012)]. Discussion Implications for the educational environment are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roxana Andreea Toma
- Department of Psychology, West University of Timişoara, Timişoara, Romania,*Correspondence: Roxana Andreea Toma ✉
| | - Craig A. Anderson
- Department of Psychology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States
| | - Marius Matichescu
- Department of Sociology, West University of Timişoara, Timişoara, Romania
| | - Anca Franţ
- Teacher Training Department, West University of Timişoara, Timişoara, Romania
| | - Bogdan Almǎjan-Guţă
- Department of Kinetotheraphy and Special Motricity, West University of Timişoara, Timişoara, Romania
| | - Adela Cândea
- Teacher Training Department, West University of Timişoara, Timişoara, Romania
| | - Kira Bailey
- Department of Psychology, Ohio Wesleyan University, Delaware, OH, United States
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30
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Agus M, Mascia ML, Bonfiglio NS, Penna MP. The Italian version of the mobile phone problematic use scale for adults (MPPUS): A validation study. Heliyon 2022; 8:e12209. [PMID: 36561690 PMCID: PMC9764196 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e12209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2022] [Revised: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The Mobile Phone Problematic Use Scale (MPPUS) is a self-report measure developed to identify the problematic use of mobile phones (PSU) among adults. The purpose of this study was to create an Italian version of this scale. A sample of 568 Italian adults completed the MPPUS, presented in association with another validated scale for the assessment of smartphone addiction. We carried out exploratory factor analyses on the MPPUS. Findings emphasised that the Italian version of the MPPUS fits a bi-factor model, in which the general factor 'PSU' was found, including two additional specific factors (i.e., 'Withdrawal and social aspects' and 'Craving and escape from other problems'). The MPPUS was correlated with the Smartphone Addiction Scale short version. With respect to criterion-oriented validity, the MMPUS was also evaluated in relation to socio-demographic variables (i.e., age and gender). The internal consistency and temporal stability of the scales (test-retest assessment after three months) were confirmed.
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31
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Wong SM, Chen EY, Wong CS, Suen YN, Chan DL, Tsang SH, Wong TY, Cheung C, Chan KT, Lui SS, Wong MT, Chan SK, Lee EH, Myin-Germeys I, Hui CL. Impact of smartphone overuse on 1-year severe depressive symptoms and momentary negative affect: Longitudinal and experience sampling findings from a representative epidemiological youth sample in Hong Kong. Psychiatry Res 2022; 318:114939. [PMID: 36343577 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2022.114939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Revised: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Smartphone overuse can have detrimental impacts on youth mental health. How it may be longitudinally associated with depressive symptoms and functioning, and with daily momentary affect, remains to be investigated. A total of 3,033 young people were consecutively recruited from a large-scale epidemiological youth mental health study in Hong Kong. A subsample (n = 936) was followed-up after 1 year, with experience sampling data collected from 177 participants. Separate multivariable logistic regression models were applied to examine the prospective associations between smartphone overuse and depressive symptoms, with multilevel models fitted to examine its associations with momentary affect. The prevalence of smartphone overuse in the Hong Kong youth population was 29.3%. Smartphone overuse was significantly associated with more depressive symptoms and functional impairments both cross-sectionally and longitudinally. The associations between smartphone overuse and 1-year depressive symptoms were significant, even when accounting for baseline symptoms, social media use, and other risk and protective factors. Baseline depressive symptoms, in contrast, were not associated with 1-year smartphone overuse after adjusting for baseline smartphone overuse. Smartphone overuse was also significantly associated with higher levels of momentary negative affect, even when accounting for depressive symptoms. Strategies to mitigate the impact of smartphone overuse can have important long-term implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie My Wong
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Eric Yh Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong; The State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong.
| | - Corine Sm Wong
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Y N Suen
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Dorothy Lk Chan
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Samantha Hs Tsang
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - T Y Wong
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Charlton Cheung
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - K T Chan
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Simon Sy Lui
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Michael Th Wong
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Sherry Kw Chan
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong; The State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Edwin Hm Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Inez Myin-Germeys
- Department for Neurosciences, Center for Contextual Psychiatry, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Christy Lm Hui
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
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The relationship between carpal tunnel syndrome, smartphone use, and addiction: A cross-sectional study. Turk J Phys Med Rehabil 2022; 68:517-523. [PMID: 36589353 PMCID: PMC9791704 DOI: 10.5606/tftrd.2022.9365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives This study aims to investigate the use of and addiction to smartphones in individuals with and without carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS). Patients and methods The cross-sectional study included a total of 404 participants (286 females, 118 males; mean age: 39.7±11.6 years; range, 16 to 75 years) who applied to the Neurology Department of the Fırat University Faculty of Medicine, between April 2019 and October 2019. The participants were divided into two groups: 202 patients diagnosed with CTS were included in the case group, and 202 patients and their relatives who did not have hand and wrist complaints were included in the control group. The diagnosis of CTS was made by evaluating the history, physical examination, and electromyography findings. Data were collected with participant information forms and the Smartphone Addiction Scale. Results It was found that the risk of CTS increased 1.022 times with a one-unit increase in the SAS score and 1.292 times with a 1-h increase in daily smartphone use. Conclusion Smartphone addiction can be considered as a potential risk factor for CTS; however, the effect of smartphone addiction on CTS severity was not examined in this study. The relationship between disease severity, smartphone use, and smartphone addiction in CTS patients requires further investigation to provide clarification on this issue.
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Sánchez-Fernández M, Borda-Mas M. Problematic smartphone use and specific problematic Internet uses among university students and associated predictive factors: a systematic review. EDUCATION AND INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES 2022; 28:7111-7204. [PMID: 36465425 PMCID: PMC9707285 DOI: 10.1007/s10639-022-11437-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
University students are a high-risk population with problematic online behaviours that include generalized problematic Internet/smartphone use and specific problematic Internet uses (for example, social media or gaming). The study of their predictive factors is needed in order to develop preventative strategies. This systematic review aims to understand the current state of play by examining the terminology, assessment instruments, prevalence, and predictive factors associated with problematic smartphone use and specific problematic Internet uses in university students. A literature review was conducted according to the PRISMA guidelines using four major databases. A total of 117 studies were included, divided into four groups according to the domain of problem behaviour: problematic smartphone use (n = 67), problematic social media use (n = 39), Internet gaming disorder (n = 9), and problematic online pornography use (n = 2). Variability was found in terminology, assessment tools, and prevalence rates in the four groups. Ten predictors of problematic smartphone use, five predictors of problematic social media use, and one predictor of problematic online gaming were identified. Negative affectivity is found to be a common predictor for all three groups, while social media use, psychological well-being, and Fear of Missing Out are common to problematic smartphone and social media use. Our findings reaffirm the need to reach consistent diagnostic criteria in cyber addictions and allow us to make progress in the investigation of their predictive factors, thus allowing formulation of preventive strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Sánchez-Fernández
- Department of Personality, Assessment and Psychological Treatment, University of Seville (Universidad de Sevilla), C. Camilo José Cela, S/N, 41018 Seville, Spain
| | - Mercedes Borda-Mas
- Department of Personality, Assessment and Psychological Treatment, University of Seville (Universidad de Sevilla), C. Camilo José Cela, S/N, 41018 Seville, Spain
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34
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Shahidin SH, Midin M, Sidi H, Choy CL, Nik Jaafar NR, Mohd Salleh Sahimi H, Che Roos NA. The Relationship between Emotion Regulation (ER) and Problematic Smartphone Use (PSU): A Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:15848. [PMID: 36497921 PMCID: PMC9740505 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192315848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Revised: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Emotion Dysregulation (ED) and Problematic Smartphone Use (PSU) are two rising global issues requiring further understanding on how they are linked. This paper aims to summarize the evidence pertaining to this relationship. Five databases were systematically searched for published literature from inception until 29 March 2021 using appropriate search strategies. Each study was screened for eligibility based on the set criteria, assessed for its quality and its level of evidence was determined. The Comprehensive Meta-Analysis software program (CMA) was employed to run further analyses of the data. Twenty-one studies were included in the systematic review. Nine studies with extractable data for meta-analysis had high across-studies heterogeneity, hence subgroup analyses were performed that confirmed a significant moderate positive correlation between ED and PSU (pooled correlation coefficient, r = 0.416 (four studies, n = 1462) and r = 0.42 (three studies, n = 899), respectively) and a weak positive correlation between "expressive suppression" and PSU (pooled correlation coefficient, r = 0.14 (two studies, n = 608)). Meta-regression analysis showed a stronger correlation between ED and PSU (R2 = 1.0, p = 0.0006) in the younger age group. Further studies to establish and explore the mechanisms that contribute towards the positive link between ED and PSU are required to guide in the planning of targeted interventions in addressing both issues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siti Hajar Shahidin
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia
- Hospital Bahagia Ulu Kinta, Tanjung Rambutan 31250, Malaysia
| | - Marhani Midin
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia
| | - Hatta Sidi
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia
| | - Chia Lip Choy
- Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Hospital Keningau, Peti Surat 11 Jalan Apin-Apin, Keningau 89007, Malaysia
| | - Nik Ruzyanei Nik Jaafar
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia
| | - Hajar Mohd Salleh Sahimi
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia
| | - Nur Aishah Che Roos
- Faculty of Medicine and Defence Health, National Defence University of Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 57000, Malaysia
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Li T, Zhang D, Qu Y, Zhai S, Xie Y, Tao S, Zou L, Tao F, Wu X. Association between trajectories of problematic mobile phone use and chronotype among Chinese college students. Addict Behav 2022; 134:107398. [PMID: 35752086 DOI: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2022.107398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2022] [Revised: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
AIMS This study aimed to describe the prevalence of problematic mobile phone use (PMPU) and chronotype among Chinese college students, estimate PMPU development trajectories, and further examine the effect of PMPU trajectories on chronotype. DESIGN In a stratified cluster sampling design, PMPU and chronotype were evaluated in 999 college students from two universities in a 2-year prospective investigation from April 2019 to April 2021, and an investigation was conducted every six months (time 1 ∼ time 5, T1 ∼ T5). PARTICIPANTS N = 999 college students (mean age at T1: 18.8 years (SD = 1.2), 37.7% male) took part in the study. MEASUREMENTS The Self-rating Questionnaire for Adolescent Problematic Mobile Phone Use (SQAPMPU) and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) were used to assess the PMPU and sleep quality of college students at each time point. The Morning and Evening Questionnaire (MEQ) was adopted to investigate the chronotype of college students at T5. FINDINGS The prevalence of PMPU at T1 ∼ T5 was 24.3%, 27.3%, 35.1%, 31.2% and 31.9%, respectively. The prevalence rates of morning types (M-types), neutral types (N-types), and evening types (E-types) were 19.1%, 70.8%, and 10.1%, respectively. Using latent growth mixture modelling, we identified three trajectories of PMPU: low-level (49.5%), moderate-level (38.6%), and high-level score trajectories (11.9%). Multivariate logistic regression analysis results showed that a trajectory with a high score was positively associated with E-types (P < 0.05). After stratification by gender, a high-level score trajectory was positively associated with E-types only among female college students (P < 0.05). There were sex differences in the association between trajectories of PMPU and chronotype. CONCLUSION Long-term symptoms of PMPU may be a potential risk factor for circadian rhythm disturbance among college students, and this effect was significantly different between genders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Li
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Dan Zhang
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Yang Qu
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Shuang Zhai
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Yang Xie
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Shuman Tao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China; Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health and Aristogenics, Anhui Medical University, China
| | - Liwei Zou
- MOE Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China; Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health and Aristogenics, Anhui Medical University, China
| | - Fangbiao Tao
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China; MOE Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Study on Abnormal Gametes and Reproductive Tract, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China; Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health and Aristogenics, Anhui Medical University, China
| | - Xiaoyan Wu
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China; MOE Key Laboratory of Population Health Across Life Cycle, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Study on Abnormal Gametes and Reproductive Tract, No 81 Meishan Road, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China; Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Population Health and Aristogenics, Anhui Medical University, China.
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Classes of problematic smartphone use and information and communication technology (ICT) self-efficacy. JOURNAL OF APPLIED DEVELOPMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.appdev.2022.101481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Liu D, Liu X, Long Y, Xiang Z, Wu Z, Liu Z, Bian D, Tang S. Problematic smartphone use is associated with differences in static and dynamic brain functional connectivity in young adults. Front Neurosci 2022; 16:1010488. [PMID: 36340758 PMCID: PMC9635624 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2022.1010488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction This study aimed to investigate the possible associations between problematic smartphone use and brain functions in terms of both static and dynamic functional connectivity patterns. Materials and methods Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging data were scanned from 53 young healthy adults, all of whom completed the Short Version of the Smartphone Addiction Scale (SAS-SV) to assess their problematic smartphone use severity. Both static and dynamic functional brain network measures were evaluated for each participant. The brain network measures were correlated the SAS-SV scores, and compared between participants with and without a problematic smartphone use after adjusting for sex, age, education, and head motion. Results Two participants were excluded because of excessive head motion, and 56.9% (29/51) of the final analyzed participants were found to have a problematic smartphone use (SAS-SV scores ≥ 31 for males and ≥ 33 for females, as proposed in prior research). At the global network level, the SAS-SV score was found to be significantly positively correlated with the global efficiency and local efficiency of static brain networks, and negatively correlated with the temporal variability using the dynamic brain network model. Large-scale subnetwork analyses indicated that a higher SAS-SV score was significantly associated with higher strengths of static functional connectivity within the frontoparietal and cinguloopercular subnetworks, as well as a lower temporal variability of dynamic functional connectivity patterns within the attention subnetwork. However, no significant differences were found when directly comparing between the groups of participants with and without a problematic smartphone use. Conclusion Our results suggested that problematic smartphone use is associated with differences in both the static and dynamic brain network organizations in young adults. These findings may help to identify at-risk population for smartphone addiction and guide targeted interventions for further research. Nevertheless, it might be necessary to confirm our findings in a larger sample, and to investigate if a more applicable SAS-SV cutoff point is required for defining problematic smartphone use in young Chinese adults nowadays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dayi Liu
- Department of Psychiatry, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xiaoxuan Liu
- Department of Neurology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yicheng Long
- Department of Psychiatry, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Zhibiao Xiang
- Department of Psychiatry, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Zhipeng Wu
- Department of Psychiatry, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Zhening Liu
- Department of Psychiatry, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Dujun Bian
- Department of Radiology, Clinical Research Center for Medical Imaging in Hunan Province, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Shixiong Tang
- Department of Radiology, Clinical Research Center for Medical Imaging in Hunan Province, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
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Servidio R, Griffiths MD, Di Nuovo S, Sinatra M, Monacis L. Further exploration of the psychometric properties of the revised version of the Italian smartphone addiction scale – short version (SAS-SV). CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s12144-022-03852-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
AbstractProblematic smartphone use (PSU) is an emerging public and social issue, potentially connected to the significant increase in smartphone applications. Different scales have been designed and developed to identify the risk of smartphone addiction, and the 10-item Smartphone Addiction Scale - Short Version (SAS-SV) is one of the most used instruments to assess the risk of PSU. The main objective of the present study was to provide further psychometric properties of the Italian version of the SAS-SV. The study was conducted with a convenience sample of 858 Italian university students. Parallel and confirmatory factor analyses were performed to confirm if the one-factor structure fitted the data well. In addition, because previous studies have emphasised gender and age differences in the SAS-SV, measurement invariance was also tested. Network analysis, predictive validity, and convergent validity were also explored. The parallel analysis results suggested removing Item 3 (feeling pain) because its factor loading was low, resulting in a nine-item SAS-SV. The measurement invariance showed that the SAS-SV performed similarly for gender and age. However, partial scalar invariance across gender and age was observed. Furthermore, gender differences indicated that more females than males scored higher on SAS-SV. No significant age differences were found. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve results indicated a cut-off of 29 points as the best for the SAS-SV (AUC = 0.85). Moreover, among males, the cut-off was 25 (AUC = 0.84), and among females, the cut-off was 30 (AUC = 0.84). The SAS-SV showed a strong association with problematic social media use (PSMU) and other variables related to smartphone use (e.g., time spent on Facebook, Instagram, and WhatsApp). Overall, the present study results indicate that the nine-item SAS-SV appears to be a valid and reliable instrument to assess PSU risk among Italian university students.
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Reassessing the smartphone addiction scale: Support for unidimensionality and a shortened scale from an American sample. COMPUTERS IN HUMAN BEHAVIOR 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chb.2022.107552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Salerno L, Alquitran A, Alibrahim N, Lo Coco G, Di Blasi M, Giordano C. Evaluating Gender Differences in Problematic Smartphone Use. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSESSMENT 2022. [DOI: 10.1027/1015-5759/a000730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Abstract. The Smartphone Addiction Inventory (SPAI) is widely used to measure problematic smartphone use (PSU). Although the SPAI has been translated and validated in different countries, its measurement invariance across gender has received little research attention. This study aimed to examine whether men and women interpreted the Italian version of the SPAI (SPAI-I) similarly and, consequently, whether the observed gender differences in SPAI scores, which have been shown in previous studies, could be due to true differences, rather than to differences in measurement. Six hundred nineteen Italian young adults ( Mage = 22.02 ± 2.63; 55.7% women) took part in the study and completed the SPAI-I. Multigroup CFA was applied to test the measurement invariance across gender, and the item parameter invariance was investigated with the item-response theory (IRT) differential item functioning (DIF) method for multidimensional models. Evidence of measurement invariance across gender was found. Only one item (i.e., item 14, “The idea of using smartphone comes as the first thought on mind when waking up each morning”) out of 24 items of the SPAI-I showed DIF with a large effect size. Gender-related differences found with the SPAI-I reflect true differences in smartphone overuse rather than specific characteristics of the measure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Salerno
- Department of Psychology, Educational Sciences and Human Movement, University of Palermo, Italy
| | - Analyn Alquitran
- Department of Research Methods and Information Science, Morgridge College of Education, University of Denver, Denver, CO, USA
| | - Noor Alibrahim
- Department of Research Methods and Information Science, Morgridge College of Education, University of Denver, Denver, CO, USA
| | - Gianluca Lo Coco
- Department of Psychology, Educational Sciences and Human Movement, University of Palermo, Italy
| | - Maria Di Blasi
- Department of Psychology, Educational Sciences and Human Movement, University of Palermo, Italy
| | - Cecilia Giordano
- Department of Psychology, Educational Sciences and Human Movement, University of Palermo, Italy
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Huang S, Lai X, Li Y, Dai X, Wang W, Li J, Wang H, Li D, Wang Y. Do the core symptoms play key roles in the development of problematic smartphone use symptoms. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:959103. [PMID: 36147993 PMCID: PMC9486068 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.959103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims Previous research determined the core symptoms (loss of control and being caught in the loop) of problematic smartphone use (PSU), which are of great importance to understand the structure and potential intervention targets of PSU. However, the cross-sectional design fails to reveal causality between symptoms and usually conflates the between- and within-subjects effects of PSU symptoms. This study aims to determine whether the core symptoms of PSU, indeed, dominate the future development of PSU symptoms from longitudinal between- and within-subjects levels. Materials and methods In this study, 2191 adolescents were surveyed for 3 years for PSU symptoms. A cross-lagged panel model (CLPM) was used to explore longitudinal between-subjects causal relationships between symptoms, and a graphic vector autoregressive model (GVAR) was used to separate the between- and within-subjects effects and detect the longitudinal effect at the within-subject level. Results The results of CLPM indicated that the core symptoms (both loss of control and being caught in the loop) of PSU, indeed, dominate the future development of PSU symptoms at a longitudinal between-subjects level. From T1 to T2, the cross-lagged model showed that both the loss of control (out-prediction = 0.042) and being caught in the loop (out-prediction = 0.053) at T1 have the highest out-prediction over other symptoms at T2. From T2 to T3, the loss of control (out-prediction = 0.027) and being caught in the loop (out-prediction = 0.037) at T2 also have the highest out-prediction over other symptoms of PSU at T3. While, after separating the between- and within-subjects effects, only being caught in the loop at T1 played a key role in promoting the development of other PSU symptoms at T3 at the within-subjects level. The contemporaneous network showed intensive connection, while the cross-sectional between-subjects network is very sparse. Conclusion These findings not only confirm and extend the key roles of core symptoms in the dynamic aspect of PSU symptoms and PSU itself but also suggest that interventions should consider the core symptoms of PSU, individual- and group-level effects and that individualized intervention programs are needed in future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shunsen Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoxiong Lai
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Yajun Li
- Guangming Institute of Education Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xinran Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Wenrong Wang
- Zhongmu Education Teaching and Research Office, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jing Li
- Jiyuan Gaoji Zhongxue, Jiyuan, China
| | - Huanlei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Dufang Li
- Experimental Primary School, Experimental Primary School of Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Yun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
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Taskin B, Ok C. Impact of Digital Literacy and Problematic Smartphone Use on Life Satisfaction: Comparing Pre- and Post-COVID-19 Pandemic. Eur J Investig Health Psychol Educ 2022; 12:1311-1322. [PMID: 36135229 PMCID: PMC9498018 DOI: 10.3390/ejihpe12090091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Revised: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Although the impact of digital literacy (DL) and problematic smartphone use (PSU) on life satisfaction was verified in previous literature, little is known about how the impact of two given variables can be differentiated during the COVID-19 pandemic situation. Thus, the purpose of this study was to empirically analyze whether the influence of DL and PSU on life satisfaction has changed as a consequence of the COVID-19 pandemic. We applied a cross-sectional study design to analyze data obtained from a nationwide survey on smartphone overdependence conducted in 2019 and 2020 by the South Korean Ministry of Science and ICT and the National Information Society Agency. Large-scale data obtained from 41,883 individuals were analyzed using hierarchical regression analysis. The results show that the positive relationship between digital literacy and life satisfaction was further strengthened post-COVID-19 rather than pre-COVID-19. In addition, the results suggest that the negative relationship between PSU and life satisfaction is further strengthened during post-COVID-19 rather than pre-COVID-19. The findings indicate that the roles of digital literacy and PSU are more important after the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Chiho Ok
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-33-250-6145
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The Prevalence and Predictors of Problematic Mobile Phone Use: a 14-Country Empirical Survey. Int J Ment Health Addict 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11469-022-00901-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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Zhang Y, Ding Y, Huang H, Peng Q, Wan X, Lu G, Chen C. Relationship between insecure attachment and mobile phone addiction: A meta-analysis. Addict Behav 2022; 131:107317. [PMID: 35413487 DOI: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2022.107317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Revised: 02/19/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Many studies have explored the relationship between insecure attachment and mobile phone addiction from different theoretical perspectives; however, the results have been different. This meta-analysis aimed to explore the relationship between insecure attachment and mobile phone addiction. METHODS Studies published before November 2021 were identified through a systematic online search. A total of 22 studies, including 38 independent effect sizes were included from a systematic search of multiple databases, with a total sample size of 11,810 cases. Stata Version 16.0 was used for meta-analysis. RESULTS The meta-analysis based on random-effects model showed that mobile phone addiction was highly positively associated with attachment anxiety (r = 0.395, 95%CI [0.345, 0.442]) and weakly positively correlated with attachment avoidance (r = 0.194, 95%CI [0.137, 0.250]). The relationship between attachment anxiety and mobile phone addiction and that between attachment avoidance and mobile phone addiction were both moderated by mobile phone addiction measures but not moderated by gender and attachment measures. CONCLUSION There is a positive correlation between mobile phone addiction and insecure attachment. In the future, measures to prevent mobile phone addiction should focus on insecure attachment individuals and help them construct a healthy attachment relationship and secure attachment model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiming Zhang
- School of Nursing and Health, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Yueming Ding
- School of Nursing and Health, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Haitao Huang
- School of Nursing and Health, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Qianwen Peng
- School of Nursing and Health, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Xiao Wan
- School of Nursing and Health, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Guangli Lu
- School of Business, Henan University, Kaifeng, China.
| | - Chaoran Chen
- School of Nursing and Health, Henan University, Kaifeng, China.
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Jonnatan L, Seaton CL, Rush KL, Li EPH, Hasan K. Mobile Device Usage before and during the COVID-19 Pandemic among Rural and Urban Adults. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19148231. [PMID: 35886082 PMCID: PMC9315523 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19148231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Revised: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Technology has played a critical role during the COVID-19 pandemic. Despite affording a safe way for people to connect with others, the potential for problematic device usage (e.g., overuse, addiction) should be considered. The goal of this study was to examine mobile device use during the COVID-19 pandemic among rural and urban people in Canada. Based on an online survey conducted in the summer of 2021 in British Columbia (n = 465), participants self-reported spending more hours per day (M = 8.35 h) using technology during the pandemic compared to prior (M = 6.02 h), with higher increases among urban participants (p < 0.001). Mobile device usage scores were highest for reasons of social connectedness and productivity, with no rural/urban differences; however, urban participants reported higher use of mobile devices for their mental well-being (p = 0.001), but also reported higher, continuous use (p < 0.001), addiction (p < 0.001), and detrimental impacts on their physical health (p < 0.001) compared to rural participants. Because urban participants were more vulnerable to mobile device overuse and addiction during the pandemic, researchers and policy makers should consider the ongoing role and positive/negative impacts of mobile device use, paying particular attention to urban populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Livia Jonnatan
- Department of Computer Science, Mathematics, Physics and Statistics, University of British Columbia, Okanagan Campus, Kelowna, BC V1V 1V7, Canada;
| | - Cherisse L. Seaton
- School of Nursing, University of British Columbia, Okanagan Campus, Kelowna, BC V1V 1V7, Canada; (C.L.S.); (K.L.R.)
| | - Kathy L. Rush
- School of Nursing, University of British Columbia, Okanagan Campus, Kelowna, BC V1V 1V7, Canada; (C.L.S.); (K.L.R.)
| | - Eric P. H. Li
- Faculty of Management, University of British Columbia, Okanagan Campus, Kelowna, BC V1V 1V7, Canada;
| | - Khalad Hasan
- Department of Computer Science, Mathematics, Physics and Statistics, University of British Columbia, Okanagan Campus, Kelowna, BC V1V 1V7, Canada;
- Correspondence:
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Nonimprovement in Chronic Fatigue Syndrome: Relation to Activity Patterns, Uplifts and Hassles, and Autonomic Dysfunction. Psychosom Med 2022; 84:669-678. [PMID: 35420586 PMCID: PMC9271593 DOI: 10.1097/psy.0000000000001082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To test a model of nonimprovement in chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) using self-report activity patterns (e.g., "push-crash"), uplifts and hassles, and a biological measure of cardiac autonomic function. Activity pattern impacts on symptoms and objective measures of autonomic and physical activity were also examined. METHODS This prospective study in CFS collected all data remotely, including 6 months of weekly web diaries that recorded symptom ratings, activity patterns, and hassles and uplifts. In addition, 6 months of weekly heart monitoring and 3 months of daily waking actigraphy data were collected. Improvement or nonimprovement status was assessed using semistructured interviews at the 6-month follow-up. RESULTS A total of 148 individuals (87.2% female) were enrolled, and 12.2% were lost to follow-up. Participants reporting nonimprovement ( n = 92), as compared with improvement ( n = 38), showed greater autonomic dysfunction (lower heart rate variability, group difference = 5.93 [SE = 2.73] milliseconds; p = .032) and lower mean intensity of behavioral uplifts (group difference = 0.14 [SE = 0.16]; p = .043), but no significant differences in any activity pattern, including push-crash, limiting activity, and healthy pacing. CONCLUSIONS This study provided evidence for linking patient-reported nonimprovement to a biological variable indexing autonomic dysfunction and a behavioral measure indicating a deficit in psychological uplifts. These findings suggest a possible marker of illness trajectory that could potentially advance the biomedical underpinnings of CFS.Trial Registration:ClinicalTrials.gov ID: NCT02948556.
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Choe C, Yu S. Longitudinal Cross-Lagged Analysis Between Mobile Phone Dependence, Friendships, and Depressive Symptoms Among Korean Adolescents. CYBERPSYCHOLOGY, BEHAVIOR AND SOCIAL NETWORKING 2022; 25:450-457. [PMID: 35613406 DOI: 10.1089/cyber.2022.0015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
This study examined reciprocal longitudinal effects between mobile phone dependence, friendships, and depressive symptoms using 3-year longitudinal data from the Korean Children and Youth Panel Survey. An autoregressive cross-lagged model was applied to a sample of 1,737 adolescents. Results suggested that unidirectional relationships exist between the three variables: friendships reduce mobile phone dependence (B = -0.068, p = 0.058; B = -0.118, p < 0.001) and depressive symptoms increase mobile phone dependence (B = 0.082, p = 0.001; B = 0.128, p < 0.001); however, mobile phone dependence does not affect friendships and depressive symptoms. In addition, this study provided evidence of the negative bidirectional relationship between friendships and depressive symptoms. We suggest that, to prevent or treat adolescents' mobile phone dependence, a practical approach regarding friendships and depressive symptoms is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chung Choe
- Department of Economics, Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seunghee Yu
- Department of Social Welfare, Sungkyul University, Anyang, Korea
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Lai X, Huang S, Nie C, Yan JJ, Li Y, Wang Y, Luo Y. Trajectory of problematic smartphone use among adolescents aged 10-18 years: The roles of childhood family environment and concurrent parent-child relationships. J Behav Addict 2022; 11:577-587. [PMID: 35895472 PMCID: PMC9295210 DOI: 10.1556/2006.2022.00047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2022] [Revised: 05/02/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Adolescence is a period of high incidence of problematic smartphone use. Understanding the developmental trajectory of problematic smartphone use in adolescence and its influencing factors could guide the choice of timing for prevention and intervention. This study fitted the growth trajectory of problematic smartphone use among adolescents and examined its associations with the childhood family environment and concurrent parent-child relationships. METHODS Using a cohort sequential design, we investigated 2,548 Chinese adolescents and their parents three times in three years. Multiple group multiple cohort growth models were used to fit the growth trajectory. RESULTS The quadratic growth trajectory of problematic smartphone use in adolescents aged 10-18 years showed a clear increasing trend, with a possible decreasing trend in late adolescence or early adulthood. Early life socioeconomic status, childhood family unpredictability, and the concurrent parent-child relationship had unique impacts on the development of problematic smartphone use during adolescence. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS Early adolescence is a favorable time for problematic smartphone use prevention and intervention. A supportive family environment should be maintained throughout the different developmental stages of children and adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxiong Lai
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Shunsen Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Chang Nie
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Assessment for Basic Education Quality, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Jia Julia Yan
- Department of Child and Family Studies, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, 37996, USA,Department of Human Development and Family Studies, Utah State University, Logan, UT, 84322, USA
| | - Yajun Li
- Guangming Institute of Education Sciences, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518107, China
| | - Yun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China,Collaborative Innovation Center of Assessment for Basic Education Quality, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China,Corresponding author. Tel.: +(010) 58807506. E-mail:
| | - Yuhan Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China,Collaborative Innovation Center of Assessment for Basic Education Quality, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China,Corresponding author. Tel.: +(010) 58807506. E-mail:
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Is Problematic Internet and Smartphone Use Related to Poorer Quality of Life? A Systematic Review of Available Evidence and Assessment Strategies. CURRENT ADDICTION REPORTS 2022; 9:235-250. [PMID: 35729927 PMCID: PMC9187501 DOI: 10.1007/s40429-022-00415-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Purpose of Review Previous studies have explored the links between problematic Internet use (PIU) or problematic smartphone use (PSU) and quality of life (QOL). In this systematic review, we (i) describe the instruments used to assess QOL or health-related quality of life (HRQOL) in these studies, (ii) critically examine the content validity of the instruments used, and (iii) examine the relationships between PIU, PSU, QOL, and HRQOL. Recent Findings We identified 17 PIU and 11 PSU studies in a systematic search. Evidence suggests that PIU and PSU negatively correlate with either QOL or HQOL and most of their domains (especially mental and physical health). Multiple instruments were used to assess QOL or HRQOL in these studies. Our analysis showed an important heterogeneity in the domains covered by these instruments. Summary Because of the widespread prevalence of PIU and PSU, which tend to be linked with lower QOL or HRQOL, in particular poor mental and physical health, a more systematic public health campaign is required to target the healthy use of these communication devices. Prevention programs should also target vulnerable individuals, focusing on the most affected domains of QOL and HRQOL (i.e., physical and psychological health). Among the existing instruments, the World Health Organization Quality of Life for adults and the Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory for adolescents (aged 13–18 years) proved to be the most relevant, although new measurement instruments are needed to target domains that are specifically relevant in the context of PIU and PSU (e.g., physical and psychological health domains such as sleep, loneliness, and quality of familial relations).
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Translation and Psychometric Testing of the Arabic Version of the Problematic Media Use Measure Short Form for Children. HUMAN BEHAVIOR AND EMERGING TECHNOLOGIES 2022. [DOI: 10.1155/2022/4034602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Background. There is growing concerns that excessive use of media among children will become problematic. Research on the management of children’s problematic use of media would be improved if screening tools are widely applied. Problematic Media Use Measure Short Form (PMUM-SF) was developed to screen problematic use of media among 4- to 11-year-old US children. Purpose. The study is aimed at developing and validating a cross-cultural version of the PMUM-SF for use in Arabic-talking parents of children from age 3 to 13 years. Design. Cross-cultural adaptation and cross-sectional psychometric testing study. Methods. Using the World Health Organization (WHO) framework for instrument translation and adaptation, the instrument was translated, back translated, pretested, and reviewed by a committee. The PMUM-SF was tested in 180 parents of children aging from 3 to 13 years. Results. The results demonstrated that the Arabic version of the PMUM-SF had high reliability (Cronbach’s alpha was 0.90); it has good convergent and predictive validity. The factor structure of the Arabic version of PMUM-SF was confirmed through exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis (comparative fit index
; goodness of fit index
; incremental fit index
). Conclusion. Because the Arabic version of the PMUM-SF seems to be reliable and valid in assessing problematic use of media of children in Arabic-speaking parents, the use of this translated version is recommended in future research.
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