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Petersen D, Raudales R, Silva AK, Kellendonk C, Canetta S. Adolescent Thalamoprefrontal Inhibition Leads to Changes in Intrinsic Prefrontal Network Connectivity. eNeuro 2024; 11:ENEURO.0284-24.2024. [PMID: 39134414 PMCID: PMC11363513 DOI: 10.1523/eneuro.0284-24.2024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2024] [Accepted: 07/02/2024] [Indexed: 09/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Adolescent inhibition of thalamocortical projections from postnatal days P20 to 50 leads to long-lasting deficits in prefrontal cortex function and cognition in the adult mouse. While this suggests a role of thalamic activity in prefrontal cortex maturation, it is unclear how inhibition of these projections affects prefrontal circuitry during adolescence. Here, we used chemogenetic tools to inhibit thalamoprefrontal projections in male/female mice from P20 to P35 and measured synaptic inputs to prefrontal pyramidal neurons by layer (either II/III or V/VI) and projection target (mediodorsal thalamus (MD), nucleus accumbens (NAc), or callosal prefrontal projections) 24 h later using slice physiology. We found a decrease in the frequency of excitatory and inhibitory currents in layer II/III NAc and layer V/VI MD-projecting neurons while layer V/VI NAc-projecting neurons showed an increase in the amplitude of excitatory and inhibitory currents. Regarding cortical projections, the frequency of inhibitory but not excitatory currents was enhanced in contralateral mPFC-projecting neurons. Notably, despite these complex changes in individual levels of excitation and inhibition, the overall balance between excitation and inhibition in each cell was only altered in the contralateral mPFC projections. This finding suggests homeostatic regulation occurs within subcortically but not intracortical callosal-projecting neurons. Increased inhibition of intraprefrontal connectivity may therefore be particularly important for prefrontal cortex circuit maturation. Finally, we observed cognitive deficits in the adult mouse using this narrowed window of thalamocortical inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Petersen
- Departments of Psychiatry, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York 10032
- Divisions of Molecular Therapeutics, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, New York 10032
| | - Ricardo Raudales
- Departments of Psychiatry, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York 10032
- Divisions of Molecular Therapeutics, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, New York 10032
| | - Ariadna Kim Silva
- Departments of Psychiatry, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York 10032
- Divisions of Molecular Therapeutics, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, New York 10032
| | - Christoph Kellendonk
- Departments of Psychiatry, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York 10032
- Molecular Pharmacology & Therapeutics, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York 10032
- Divisions of Molecular Therapeutics, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, New York 10032
| | - Sarah Canetta
- Departments of Psychiatry, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York 10032
- Developmental Neuroscience, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, New York 10032
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2
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Schreurs BG, O'Dell DE, Wang D. The Role of Cerebellar Intrinsic Neuronal Excitability, Synaptic Plasticity, and Perineuronal Nets in Eyeblink Conditioning. BIOLOGY 2024; 13:200. [PMID: 38534469 DOI: 10.3390/biology13030200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2024] [Revised: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
Evidence is strong that, in addition to fine motor control, there is an important role for the cerebellum in cognition and emotion. The deep nuclei of the mammalian cerebellum also contain the highest density of perineural nets-mesh-like structures that surround neurons-in the brain, and it appears there may be a connection between these nets and cognitive processes, particularly learning and memory. Here, we review how the cerebellum is involved in eyeblink conditioning-a particularly well-understood form of learning and memory-and focus on the role of perineuronal nets in intrinsic membrane excitability and synaptic plasticity that underlie eyeblink conditioning. We explore the development and role of perineuronal nets and the in vivo and in vitro evidence that manipulations of the perineuronal net in the deep cerebellar nuclei affect eyeblink conditioning. Together, these findings provide evidence of an important role for perineuronal net in learning and memory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernard G Schreurs
- Department of Neuroscience, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26505, USA
| | - Deidre E O'Dell
- Department of Biology, Earth and Environmental Sciences, Pennsylvania Western (PennWest) University, California, PA 15419, USA
| | - Desheng Wang
- Department of Neuroscience, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26505, USA
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3
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Petersen D, Raudales R, Silva AK, Kellendonk C, Canetta S. Adolescent Thalamocortical Inhibition Alters Prefrontal Excitation-Inhibition Balance. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2023.11.22.568048. [PMID: 38562790 PMCID: PMC10983865 DOI: 10.1101/2023.11.22.568048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Adolescent inhibition of thalamo-cortical projections from postnatal day P20-50 leads to long lasting deficits in prefrontal cortex function and cognition in the adult mouse. While this suggests a role of thalamic activity in prefrontal cortex maturation, it is unclear how inhibition of these projections affects prefrontal circuit connectivity during adolescence. Here, we used chemogenetic tools to inhibit thalamo-prefrontal projections in the mouse from P20-35 and measured synaptic inputs to prefrontal pyramidal neurons by layer (either II/III or V/VI) and projection target twenty-four hours later using slice physiology. We found a decrease in the frequency of excitatory and inhibitory currents in layer II/III nucleus accumbens (NAc) and layer V/VI medio-dorsal thalamus projecting neurons while layer V/VI NAc-projecting neurons showed an increase in the amplitude of excitatory and inhibitory currents. Regarding cortical projections, the frequency of inhibitory but not excitatory currents was enhanced in contralateral mPFC-projecting neurons. Notably, despite these complex changes in individual levels of excitation and inhibition, the overall balance between excitation and inhibition in each cell was only changed in the contralateral mPFC projections. This finding suggests homeostatic regulation occurs within subcortically but not intracortical callosally-projecting neurons. Increased inhibition of intra-prefrontal connectivity may therefore be particularly important for prefrontal cortex circuit maturation. Finally, we observed cognitive deficits in the adult mouse using this narrowed window of thalamocortical inhibition (P20-P35).
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Affiliation(s)
- David Petersen
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
- Division of Molecular Therapeutics, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, 10032
| | - Ricardo Raudales
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
- Division of Molecular Therapeutics, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, 10032
| | - Ariadna Kim Silva
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
- Division of Molecular Therapeutics, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, 10032
| | - Christoph Kellendonk
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology & Therapeutics, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
- Division of Molecular Therapeutics, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, 10032
| | - Sarah Canetta
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
- Division of Developmental Neuroscience, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, 10032
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4
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Hazlett MF, Hall VL, Patel E, Halvorsen A, Calakos N, West AE. The Perineuronal Net Protein Brevican Acts in Nucleus Accumbens Parvalbumin-Expressing Interneurons of Adult Mice to Regulate Excitatory Synaptic Inputs and Motivated Behaviors. Biol Psychiatry 2024:S0006-3223(24)00080-5. [PMID: 38346480 PMCID: PMC11315813 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2024.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Revised: 01/13/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Experience-dependent functional adaptation of nucleus accumbens (NAc) circuitry underlies the development and expression of reward-motivated behaviors. Parvalbumin-expressing GABAergic (gamma-aminobutyric acidergic) interneurons (PVINs) within the NAc are required for this process. Perineuronal nets (PNNs) are extracellular matrix structures enriched around PVINs that arise during development and have been proposed to mediate brain circuit stability. However, their function in the adult NAc is largely unknown. Here, we studied the developmental emergence and adult regulation of PNNs in the NAc of male and female mice and examined the cellular and behavioral consequences of reducing the PNN component brevican in NAc PVINs. METHODS We characterized the expression of PNN components in mouse NAc using immunofluorescence and RNA in situ hybridization. We lowered brevican in NAc PVINs of adult mice using an intersectional viral and genetic method and quantified the effects on synaptic inputs to NAc PVINs and reward-motivated learning. RESULTS PNNs around NAc PVINs were developmentally regulated and appeared during adolescence. In the adult NAc, PVIN PNNs were also dynamically regulated by cocaine. Transcription of the gene that encodes brevican was regulated in a cell type- and isoform-specific manner in the NAc, with the membrane-tethered form of brevican being highly enriched in PVINs. Lowering brevican in NAc PVINs of adult mice decreased their excitatory inputs and enhanced both short-term novel object recognition and cocaine-induced conditioned place preference. CONCLUSIONS Regulation of brevican in NAc PVINs of adult mice modulates their excitatory synaptic drive and sets experience thresholds for the development of motivated behaviors driven by rewarding stimuli.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariah F Hazlett
- Department of Neurobiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Victoria L Hall
- Department of Neurobiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Esha Patel
- Department of Neurobiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Aaron Halvorsen
- Department of Neurobiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Nicole Calakos
- Department of Neurobiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina; Department of Neurology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina; Department of Cell Biology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina; Duke Institute for Brain Sciences, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Anne E West
- Department of Neurobiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina.
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5
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Lupori L, Totaro V, Cornuti S, Ciampi L, Carrara F, Grilli E, Viglione A, Tozzi F, Putignano E, Mazziotti R, Amato G, Gennaro C, Tognini P, Pizzorusso T. A comprehensive atlas of perineuronal net distribution and colocalization with parvalbumin in the adult mouse brain. Cell Rep 2023; 42:112788. [PMID: 37436896 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.112788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 06/25/2023] [Indexed: 07/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Perineuronal nets (PNNs) surround specific neurons in the brain and are involved in various forms of plasticity and clinical conditions. However, our understanding of the PNN role in these phenomena is limited by the lack of highly quantitative maps of PNN distribution and association with specific cell types. Here, we present a comprehensive atlas of Wisteria floribunda agglutinin (WFA)-positive PNNs and colocalization with parvalbumin (PV) cells for over 600 regions of the adult mouse brain. Data analysis shows that PV expression is a good predictor of PNN aggregation. In the cortex, PNNs are dramatically enriched in layer 4 of all primary sensory areas in correlation with thalamocortical input density, and their distribution mirrors intracortical connectivity patterns. Gene expression analysis identifies many PNN-correlated genes. Strikingly, PNN-anticorrelated transcripts are enriched in synaptic plasticity genes, generalizing PNNs' role as circuit stability factors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Sara Cornuti
- BIO@SNS Lab, Scuola Normale Superiore, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Luca Ciampi
- Institute of Information Science and Technologies (ISTI-CNR), 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Fabio Carrara
- Institute of Information Science and Technologies (ISTI-CNR), 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Edda Grilli
- Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | - Giuseppe Amato
- Institute of Information Science and Technologies (ISTI-CNR), 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Claudio Gennaro
- Institute of Information Science and Technologies (ISTI-CNR), 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Paola Tognini
- Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Tommaso Pizzorusso
- BIO@SNS Lab, Scuola Normale Superiore, 56126 Pisa, Italy; Institute of Neuroscience (IN-CNR), 56124 Pisa, Italy.
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6
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Reynolds LM, Hernandez G, MacGowan D, Popescu C, Nouel D, Cuesta S, Burke S, Savell KE, Zhao J, Restrepo-Lozano JM, Giroux M, Israel S, Orsini T, He S, Wodzinski M, Avramescu RG, Pokinko M, Epelbaum JG, Niu Z, Pantoja-Urbán AH, Trudeau LÉ, Kolb B, Day JJ, Flores C. Amphetamine disrupts dopamine axon growth in adolescence by a sex-specific mechanism in mice. Nat Commun 2023; 14:4035. [PMID: 37419977 PMCID: PMC10329029 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-39665-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Initiating drug use during adolescence increases the risk of developing addiction or other psychopathologies later in life, with long-term outcomes varying according to sex and exact timing of use. The cellular and molecular underpinnings explaining this differential sensitivity to detrimental drug effects remain unexplained. The Netrin-1/DCC guidance cue system segregates cortical and limbic dopamine pathways in adolescence. Here we show that amphetamine, by dysregulating Netrin-1/DCC signaling, triggers ectopic growth of mesolimbic dopamine axons to the prefrontal cortex, only in early-adolescent male mice, underlying a male-specific vulnerability to enduring cognitive deficits. In adolescent females, compensatory changes in Netrin-1 protect against the deleterious consequences of amphetamine on dopamine connectivity and cognitive outcomes. Netrin-1/DCC signaling functions as a molecular switch which can be differentially regulated by the same drug experience as function of an individual's sex and adolescent age, and lead to divergent long-term outcomes associated with vulnerable or resilient phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren M Reynolds
- Integrated Program in Neuroscience, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Plasticité du Cerveau CNRS UMR8249, École supérieure de physique et de chimie industrielles de la Ville de Paris (ESPCI Paris), Paris, France
| | | | - Del MacGowan
- Integrated Program in Neuroscience, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Christina Popescu
- Integrated Program in Neuroscience, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Dominique Nouel
- Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Santiago Cuesta
- Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, USA
| | - Samuel Burke
- CNS Research Group, Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Department of Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Katherine E Savell
- Department of Neurobiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Janet Zhao
- Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Jose Maria Restrepo-Lozano
- Integrated Program in Neuroscience, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Michel Giroux
- Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Sonia Israel
- Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Taylor Orsini
- Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Susan He
- Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | | | - Radu G Avramescu
- Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Matthew Pokinko
- Integrated Program in Neuroscience, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Julia G Epelbaum
- Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Zhipeng Niu
- Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Andrea Harée Pantoja-Urbán
- Integrated Program in Neuroscience, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Louis-Éric Trudeau
- CNS Research Group, Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Department of Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Bryan Kolb
- Canadian Centre for Behavioural Neuroscience, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, AB, Canada
| | - Jeremy J Day
- Department of Neurobiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Cecilia Flores
- Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Montréal, QC, Canada.
- Department of Psychiatry and Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montréal, Canada.
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7
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Lepow L, Morishita H, Yehuda R. Critical Period Plasticity as a Framework for Psychedelic-Assisted Psychotherapy. FOCUS (AMERICAN PSYCHIATRIC PUBLISHING) 2023; 21:329-336. [PMID: 37404962 PMCID: PMC10316207 DOI: 10.1176/appi.focus.23021012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/06/2023]
Abstract
As psychedelic compounds gain traction in psychiatry, there is a need to consider the active mechanism to explain the effect observed in randomized clinical trials. Traditionally, biological psychiatry has asked how compounds affect the causal pathways of illness to reduce symptoms and therefore focus on analysis of the pharmacologic properties. In psychedelic-assisted psychotherapy (PAP), there is debate about whether ingestion of the psychedelic alone is thought to be responsible for the clinical outcome. A question arises how the medication and psychotherapeutic intervention together might lead to neurobiological changes that underlie recovery from illness such as post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). This paper offers a framework for investigating the neurobiological basis of PAP by extrapolating from models used to explain how a pharmacologic intervention might create an optimal brain state during which environmental input has enduring effects. Specifically, there are developmental "critical" periods (CP) with exquisite sensitivity to environmental input; the biological characteristics are largely unknown. We discuss a hypothesis that psychedelics may remove the brakes on adult neuroplasticity, inducing a state similar to that of neurodevelopment. In the visual system, progress has been made both in identifying the biological conditions which distinguishes the CP and in manipulating the active ingredients with the idea that we might pharmacologically reopen a critical period in adulthood. We highlight ocular dominance plasticity (ODP) in the visual system as a model for characterizing CP in limbic systems relevant to psychiatry. A CP framework may help to integrate the neuroscientific inquiry with the influence of the environment both in development and in PAP. Appeared originally in Front Neurosci 2021; 15:710004.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren Lepow
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States (all authors). Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States (Lepow, Morishita). Department of Ophthalmology, Icahn School of Medicine Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States (Morishita). Department of Psychiatry, James J. Peters Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Bronx, NY, United States (Yehuda)
| | - Hirofumi Morishita
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States (all authors). Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States (Lepow, Morishita). Department of Ophthalmology, Icahn School of Medicine Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States (Morishita). Department of Psychiatry, James J. Peters Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Bronx, NY, United States (Yehuda)
| | - Rachel Yehuda
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States (all authors). Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States (Lepow, Morishita). Department of Ophthalmology, Icahn School of Medicine Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States (Morishita). Department of Psychiatry, James J. Peters Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Bronx, NY, United States (Yehuda)
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8
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Ramsaran AI, Wang Y, Golbabaei A, Aleshin S, de Snoo ML, Yeung BRA, Rashid AJ, Awasthi A, Lau J, Tran LM, Ko SY, Abegg A, Duan LC, McKenzie C, Gallucci J, Ahmed M, Kaushik R, Dityatev A, Josselyn SA, Frankland PW. A shift in the mechanisms controlling hippocampal engram formation during brain maturation. Science 2023; 380:543-551. [PMID: 37141366 DOI: 10.1126/science.ade6530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
The ability to form precise, episodic memories develops with age, with young children only able to form gist-like memories that lack precision. The cellular and molecular events in the developing hippocampus that underlie the emergence of precise, episodic-like memory are unclear. In mice, the absence of a competitive neuronal engram allocation process in the immature hippocampus precluded the formation of sparse engrams and precise memories until the fourth postnatal week, when inhibitory circuits in the hippocampus mature. This age-dependent shift in precision of episodic-like memories involved the functional maturation of parvalbumin-expressing interneurons in subfield CA1 through assembly of extracellular perineuronal nets, which is necessary and sufficient for the onset of competitive neuronal allocation, sparse engram formation, and memory precision.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam I Ramsaran
- Program in Neurosciences and Mental Health, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Psychology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ying Wang
- Program in Neurosciences and Mental Health, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ali Golbabaei
- Program in Neurosciences and Mental Health, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Stepan Aleshin
- Molecular Neuroplasticity, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Mitchell L de Snoo
- Program in Neurosciences and Mental Health, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Bi-Ru Amy Yeung
- Program in Neurosciences and Mental Health, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Asim J Rashid
- Program in Neurosciences and Mental Health, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ankit Awasthi
- Program in Neurosciences and Mental Health, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jocelyn Lau
- Program in Neurosciences and Mental Health, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Lina M Tran
- Program in Neurosciences and Mental Health, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Vector Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sangyoon Y Ko
- Program in Neurosciences and Mental Health, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Andrin Abegg
- Program in Neurosciences and Mental Health, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Biology, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Lana Chunan Duan
- Program in Neurosciences and Mental Health, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Cory McKenzie
- Program in Neurosciences and Mental Health, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Psychology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Julia Gallucci
- Program in Neurosciences and Mental Health, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Moriam Ahmed
- Program in Neurosciences and Mental Health, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Rahul Kaushik
- Molecular Neuroplasticity, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Magdeburg, Germany
- Center for Behavioral Brain Sciences, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Alexander Dityatev
- Molecular Neuroplasticity, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Magdeburg, Germany
- Center for Behavioral Brain Sciences, Magdeburg, Germany
- Medical Faculty, Otto von Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Sheena A Josselyn
- Program in Neurosciences and Mental Health, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Psychology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Brain, Mind, & Consciousness Program, Canadian Institute for Advanced Research, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Paul W Frankland
- Program in Neurosciences and Mental Health, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Psychology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Child & Brain Development Program, Canadian Institute for Advanced Research, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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9
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Banerjee T, Pati S, Tiwari P, Vaidya VA. Chronic hM3Dq-DREADD-mediated chemogenetic activation of parvalbumin-positive inhibitory interneurons in postnatal life alters anxiety and despair-like behavior in adulthood in a task- and sex-dependent manner. J Biosci 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s12038-022-00308-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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10
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Benoit LJ, Canetta S, Kellendonk C. Thalamocortical Development: A Neurodevelopmental Framework for Schizophrenia. Biol Psychiatry 2022; 92:491-500. [PMID: 35550792 PMCID: PMC9999366 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2022.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Revised: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Adolescence is a period of increased vulnerability for the development of psychiatric disorders, including schizophrenia. The prefrontal cortex (PFC) undergoes substantial maturation during this period, and PFC dysfunction is central to cognitive impairments in schizophrenia. As a result, impaired adolescent maturation of the PFC has been proposed as a mechanism in the etiology of the disorder and its cognitive symptoms. In adulthood, PFC function is tightly linked to its reciprocal connections with the thalamus, and acutely inhibiting thalamic inputs to the PFC produces impairments in PFC function and cognitive deficits. Here, we propose that thalamic activity is equally important during adolescence because it is required for proper PFC circuit development. Because thalamic abnormalities have been observed early in the progression of schizophrenia, we further postulate that adolescent thalamic dysfunction can have long-lasting consequences for PFC function and cognition in patients with schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura J Benoit
- Graduate Program in Neurobiology and Behavior, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Sarah Canetta
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York; Division of Developmental Neuroscience, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, New York
| | - Christoph Kellendonk
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York; Department of Pharmacology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York; Division of Molecular Therapeutics, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, New York.
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11
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Choi KY. Valproate Adjuvant Cognitive Behavioral Therapy in Panic Disorder Patients With Comorbid Bipolar Disorder: Case Series and Review of the Literature. Psychiatry Investig 2022; 19:614-625. [PMID: 36059050 PMCID: PMC9441465 DOI: 10.30773/pi.2022.0113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Anxiety disorders are the most common comorbid psychiatric disorders in patients with bipolar disorder. Managing anxiety symptoms in comorbid conditions is challenging and has received little research interest. The findings from preclinical research on fear conditioning, an animal model of anxiety disorder, have suggested that memory reconsolidation updating (exposure-based therapy) combined with valproate might facilitate the amelioration of fear memories. Here, three cases of successful amelioration of agoraphobia and panic symptoms through valproate adjuvant therapy for cognitive behavioral therapy in patients who failed to respond to two to three consecutive standard pharmacotherapy trials over several years are described. To the best of the author's knowledge, this is the first attempt to combine CBT with valproate in patients with panic disorder, agoraphobia, and comorbid bipolar disorder. Additionally, the background preclinical research on this combination therapy based on the reconsolidation-updating mechanism, the inhibition of histone deacetylase 2, and critical period reopening, off-label use of valproate in panic disorder, plasticity-augmented psychotherapy, and how to combine valproate with CBT is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kwang-Yeon Choi
- Department of Psychiatry, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea.,Department of Psychiatry, Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
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12
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Ueno H, Takahashi Y, Murakami S, Wani K, Matsumoto Y, Okamoto M, Ishihara T. Fingolimod increases parvalbumin-positive neurons in adult mice. IBRO Neurosci Rep 2022; 13:96-106. [PMID: 36590091 PMCID: PMC9795291 DOI: 10.1016/j.ibneur.2022.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Revised: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, it has been shown that central nervous system agents, such as antidepressants and antiepileptic drugs, reopen a critical period in mature animals. Fingolimod, which is used for the treatment of multiple sclerosis, also restores neuroplasticity. In this study, we investigated the effects of parvalbumin (PV)-positive neurons and perineuronal nets (PNN) on fingolimod administration with respect to neuroplasticity. Fingolimod was chronically administered intraperitoneally to mature mice. PV-positive neurons and PNN in the hippocampus, prefrontal cortex, and somatosensory cortex were analyzed. An increase in PV-positive neurons was observed in the hippocampus, prefrontal cortex, and somatosensory cortex of the fingolimod-treated mice. An increase in Wisteria floribunda agglutinin-positive PNN was confirmed in mice treated with fingolimod in the somatosensory cortex only. Fingolimod increased the density of PV-positive neurons in the brains of mature mice. The results indicate that fingolimod may change the critical period in mature animals.
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Key Words
- CNS, central nervous system
- ECM, extracellular matrix
- Fingolimod
- GAD67, anti-glutamic acid decarboxylase
- GFAP, glial fibrillary acidic protein
- Hippocampus
- IL, infralimbic cortex
- NIH, National Institutes of Health, PBS, phosphate-buffered saline
- PL, prelimbic cortex
- PNN, perineuronal net
- PV neurons, parvalbumin-expressing interneurons
- Parvalbumin
- Perineuronal nets
- Prefrontal cortex
- Somatosensory cortex
- WFA, Wisteria floribunda agglutinin
- dAC, dorsal anterior cingulate cortex
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Ueno
- Department of Medical Technology, Kawasaki University of Medical Welfare, Kurashiki 701–0193, Japan,Correspondence to: Department of Medical Technology, Kawasaki University of Medical Welfare, 288 Matsushima, Kurashiki, Okayama 701–0193, Japan, 193.
| | - Yu Takahashi
- Department of Psychiatry, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki 701–0192, Japan
| | - Shinji Murakami
- Department of Psychiatry, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki 701–0192, Japan
| | - Kenta Wani
- Department of Psychiatry, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki 701–0192, Japan
| | - Yosuke Matsumoto
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama 700–8558, Japan
| | - Motoi Okamoto
- Department of Medical Technology, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama 700–8558, Japan
| | - Takeshi Ishihara
- Department of Psychiatry, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki 701–0192, Japan
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13
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Doss SV, Barbat-Artigas S, Lopes M, Pradhan BS, Prószyński TJ, Robitaille R, Valdez G. Expression and Roles of Lynx1, a Modulator of Cholinergic Transmission, in Skeletal Muscles and Neuromuscular Junctions in Mice. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:838612. [PMID: 35372356 PMCID: PMC8967655 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.838612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2021] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Lynx1 is a glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)-linked protein shown to affect synaptic plasticity through modulation of nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) subtypes in the brain. Because of this function and structural similarity to α-bungarotoxin, which binds muscle-specific nAChRs with high affinity, Lynx1 is a promising candidate for modulating nAChRs in skeletal muscles. However, little is known about the expression and roles of Lynx1 in skeletal muscles and neuromuscular junctions (NMJs). Here, we show that Lynx1 is expressed in skeletal muscles, increases during development, and concentrates at NMJs. We also demonstrate that Lynx1 interacts with muscle-specific nAChR subunits. Additionally, we present data indicating that Lynx1 deletion alters the response of skeletal muscles to cholinergic transmission and their contractile properties. Based on these findings, we asked if Lynx1 deletion affects developing and adult NMJs. Loss of Lynx1 had no effect on NMJs at postnatal day 9 (P9) and moderately increased their size at P21. Thus, Lynx1 plays a minor role in the structural development of NMJs. In 7- and 12-month-old mice lacking Lynx1, there is a marked increase in the incidence of NMJs with age- and disease-associated morphological alterations. The loss of Lynx1 also reduced the size of adult muscle fibers. Despite these effects, Lynx1 deletion did not alter the rate of NMJ reinnervation and stability following motor axon injury. These findings suggest that Lynx1 is not required during fast remodeling of the NMJ, as is the case during reformation following crushing of motor axons and development. Instead, these data indicate that the primary role of Lynx1 may be to maintain the structure and function of adult and aging NMJs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sydney V. Doss
- Department of Molecular Biology, Cellular Biology, and Biochemistry, Brown University, Providence, RI, United States
| | | | - Mikayla Lopes
- Department of Molecular Biology, Cellular Biology, and Biochemistry, Brown University, Providence, RI, United States
| | - Bhola Shankar Pradhan
- Laboratory of Synaptogenesis, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
- Laboratory of Synaptogenesis, Łukasiewicz Research Network—PORT Polish Center for Technology Development, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Tomasz J. Prószyński
- Laboratory of Synaptogenesis, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
- Laboratory of Synaptogenesis, Łukasiewicz Research Network—PORT Polish Center for Technology Development, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Richard Robitaille
- Département de Neurosciences, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Centre de Recherche Interdisciplinaire sur le Cerveau et L’Apprentissage (CIRCA), Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Gregorio Valdez
- Department of Molecular Biology, Cellular Biology, and Biochemistry, Brown University, Providence, RI, United States
- Center for Translational Neuroscience, Robert J. and Nancy D. Carney Institute for Brain Science and Brown Institute for Translational Science, Brown University, Providence, RI, United States
- Department of Neurology, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, United States
- *Correspondence: Gregorio Valdez,
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14
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A Review of Family Environment and Neurobehavioral Outcomes Following Pediatric Traumatic Brain Injury: Implications of Early Adverse Experiences, Family Stress, and Limbic Development. Biol Psychiatry 2022; 91:488-497. [PMID: 34772505 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2021.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Revised: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Pediatric traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a public health crisis, with neurobehavioral morbidity observed years after an injury associated with changes in related brain structures. A substantial literature base has established family environment as a significant predictor of neurobehavioral outcomes following pediatric TBI. The neural mechanisms linking family environment to neurobehavioral outcomes have, however, received less empiric study in this population. In contrast, limbic structural differences as well as challenges with emotional adjustment and behavioral regulation in non-TBI populations have been linked to a multitude of family environmental factors, including family stress, parenting style, and adverse childhood experiences. In this article, we systematically review the more comprehensive literature on family environment and neurobehavioral outcomes in pediatric TBI and leverage the work in both TBI and non-TBI populations to expand our understanding of the underlying neural mechanisms. Thus, we summarize the extant literature on the family environment's role in neurobehavioral sequelae in children with TBI and explore potential neural correlates by synthesizing the wealth of literature on family environment and limbic development, specifically related to the amygdala. This review underscores the critical role of environmental factors, especially those predating the injury, in modeling recovery outcomes post-TBI in childhood, and discusses clinical and research implications across pediatric populations. Given the public health crisis of pediatric TBI, along with the context of sparse available medical interventions, a broader understanding of factors contributing to outcomes is warranted to expand the range of intervention targets.
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15
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Enzymatic Degradation of Cortical Perineuronal Nets Reverses GABAergic Interneuron Maturation. Mol Neurobiol 2022; 59:2874-2893. [PMID: 35233718 PMCID: PMC9016038 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-022-02772-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Perineuronal nets (PNNs) are specialised extracellular matrix structures which preferentially enwrap fast-spiking (FS) parvalbumin interneurons and have diverse roles in the cortex. PNN maturation coincides with closure of the critical period of cortical plasticity. We have previously demonstrated that BDNF accelerates interneuron development in a c-Jun-NH2-terminal kinase (JNK)–dependent manner, which may involve upstream thousand-and-one amino acid kinase 2 (TAOK2). Chondroitinase-ABC (ChABC) enzymatic digestion of PNNs reportedly reactivates ‘juvenile-like’ plasticity in the adult CNS. However, the mechanisms involved are unclear. We show that ChABC produces an immature molecular phenotype in cultured cortical neurons, corresponding to the phenotype prior to critical period closure. ChABC produced different patterns of PNN-related, GABAergic and immediate early (IE) gene expression than well-characterised modulators of mature plasticity and network activity (GABAA-R antagonist, bicuculline, and sodium-channel blocker, tetrodotoxin (TTX)). ChABC downregulated JNK activity, while this was upregulated by bicuculline. Bicuculline, but not ChABC, upregulated Bdnf expression and ERK activity. Furthermore, we found that BDNF upregulation of semaphorin-3A and IE genes was TAOK mediated. Our data suggest that ChABC heightens structural flexibility and network disinhibition, potentially contributing to ‘juvenile-like’ plasticity. The molecular phenotype appears to be distinct from heightened mature synaptic plasticity and could relate to JNK signalling. Finally, we highlight that BDNF regulation of plasticity and PNNs involves TAOK signalling.
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16
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Osborne BF, Beamish SB, Schwarz JM. The effects of early-life immune activation on microglia-mediated neuronal remodeling and the associated ontogeny of hippocampal-dependent learning in juvenile rats. Brain Behav Immun 2021; 96:239-255. [PMID: 34126173 PMCID: PMC8319153 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2021.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2020] [Revised: 02/11/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Many neurodevelopmental disorders and associated learning deficits have been linked to early-life immune activation or ongoing immune dysregulation (Laskaris et al., 2016; O'Connor et al., 2014; Frick et al., 2013). Neuroscientists have begun to understand how the maturation of neural circuits allows for the emergence of cognitive and learning behaviors; yet we know very little about how these developing neural circuits are perturbed by certain events, including risk-factors such as early-life immune activation and immune dysregulation. To answer these questions, we examined the impact of early-life immune activation on the emergence of hippocampal-dependent learning in juvenile male and female rats using a well-characterized hippocampal-dependent learning task and we investigated the corresponding, dynamic multicellular interactions in the hippocampus that may contribute to these learning deficits. We found that even low levels of immune activation can result in hippocampal-depedent learning deficits days later, but only when this activation occurs during a sensitive period of development. The initial immune response and associated cytokine production in the hippocampus resolved within 24 h, several days prior to the observed learning deficit, but notably the initial immune response was followed by altered microglial-neuronal communication and synapse remodeling that changed the structure of hippocampal neurons during this period of juvenile brain development. We conclude that immune activation or dysregulation during a sensitive period of hippocampal development can precipitate the emergence of learning deficits via a multi-cellular process that may be initiated by, but not the direct result of the initial cytokine response. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: Many neurodevelopmental disorders have been linked to early-life immune activation or immune dysregulation; however, very little is known about how dynamic changes in neuroimmune cells mediate the transition from normal brain function to the early stages of cognitive disorders, or how changes in immune signaling are subsequently integrated into developing neuronal networks. The current experiments examined the consequences of immune activation on the cellular and molecular changes that accompany the emergence of learning deficits during a sensitive period of hippocampal development. These findings have the potential to significantly advance our understanding of how early-life immune activation or dysregulation can result in the emergence of cognitive and learning deficits that are the largest source of years lived with disability in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brittany F. Osborne
- University of Delaware, Department of Psychological & Brain Sciences, 108 Wolf Hall, Newark, DE, 19716, USA
| | - Sarah B. Beamish
- University of Delaware, Department of Psychological & Brain Sciences, 108 Wolf Hall, Newark, DE, 19716, USA
| | - Jaclyn M. Schwarz
- University of Delaware, Department of Psychological & Brain Sciences, 108 Wolf Hall, Newark, DE, 19716, USA
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17
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Pantazopoulos H, Katsel P, Haroutunian V, Chelini G, Klengel T, Berretta S. Molecular signature of extracellular matrix pathology in schizophrenia. Eur J Neurosci 2021; 53:3960-3987. [PMID: 33070392 PMCID: PMC8359380 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.15009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Growing evidence points to a critical involvement of the extracellular matrix (ECM) in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia (SZ). Decreases of perineuronal nets (PNNs) and altered expression of chondroitin sulphate proteoglycans (CSPGs) in glial cells have been identified in several brain regions. GWAS data have identified several SZ vulnerability variants of genes encoding for ECM molecules. Given the potential relevance of ECM functions to the pathophysiology of this disorder, it is necessary to understand the extent of ECM changes across brain regions, their region- and sex-specificity and which ECM components contribute to these changes. We tested the hypothesis that the expression of genes encoding for ECM molecules may be broadly disrupted in SZ across several cortical and subcortical brain regions and include key ECM components as well as factors such as ECM posttranslational modifications and regulator factors. Gene expression profiling of 14 neocortical brain regions, caudate, putamen and hippocampus from control subjects (n = 14/region) and subjects with SZ (n = 16/region) was conducted using Affymetrix microarray analysis. Analysis across brain regions revealed widespread dysregulation of ECM gene expression in cortical and subcortical brain regions in SZ, impacting several ECM functional key components. SRGN, CD44, ADAMTS1, ADAM10, BCAN, NCAN and SEMA4G showed some of the most robust changes. Region-, sex- and age-specific gene expression patterns and correlation with cognitive scores were also detected. Taken together, these findings contribute to emerging evidence for large-scale ECM dysregulation in SZ and point to molecular pathways involved in PNN decreases, glial cell dysfunction and cognitive impairment in SZ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harry Pantazopoulos
- Department of Neurobiology and Anatomical SciencesUniversity of Mississippi Medical CenterJacksonMSUSA
| | - Pavel Katsel
- Department of PsychiatryThe Icahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiNew YorkNYUSA
- Department of NeuroscienceThe Icahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiNew YorkNYUSA
- Mental Illness Research Education ClinicalCenters of Excellence (MIRECC)JJ Peters VA Medical CenterBronxNYUSA
| | - Vahram Haroutunian
- Department of PsychiatryThe Icahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiNew YorkNYUSA
- Department of NeuroscienceThe Icahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiNew YorkNYUSA
- Mental Illness Research Education ClinicalCenters of Excellence (MIRECC)JJ Peters VA Medical CenterBronxNYUSA
| | - Gabriele Chelini
- Translational Neuroscience LaboratoryMclean HospitalBelmontMAUSA
- Department of PsychiatryHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA
| | - Torsten Klengel
- Department of PsychiatryHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA
- Translational Molecular Genomics LaboratoryMclean HospitalBelmontMAUSA
- Department of PsychiatryUniversity Medical Center GöttingenGöttingenGermany
| | - Sabina Berretta
- Translational Neuroscience LaboratoryMclean HospitalBelmontMAUSA
- Department of PsychiatryHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA
- Program in NeuroscienceHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA
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18
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Experience-Dependent Inhibitory Plasticity Is Mediated by CCK+ Basket Cells in the Developing Dentate Gyrus. J Neurosci 2021; 41:4607-4619. [PMID: 33906898 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.1207-20.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2020] [Revised: 04/13/2021] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Early postnatal experience shapes both inhibitory and excitatory networks in the hippocampus. However, the underlying circuit plasticity is unclear. Using an enriched environment (EE) paradigm during the preweaning period in mice of either sex, we assessed the circuit plasticity of inhibitory cell types in the hippocampus. We found that cholecystokinin (CCK)-expressing basket cells strongly increased somatic inhibition on the excitatory granular cells (GCs) following EE, whereas another pivotal inhibitory cell type, parvalbumin (PV)-expressing cells, did not show changes. Using electrophysiological analysis and the use of cannabinoid receptor 1 (CB1R) agonist WIN 55 212-2, we demonstrate that the change in somatic inhibition from CCK+ neurons increases CB1R-mediated inhibition in the circuit. By inhibiting activity of the entorhinal cortex (EC) using a chemogenetic approach, we further demonstrate that the activity of the projections from the EC mediates the developmental assembly of CCK+ basket cell network. Altogether, our study places the experience-dependent remodeling of CCK+ basket cell innervation as a central process to adjust inhibition in the dentate gyrus and shows that cortical inputs to the hippocampus play an instructional role in controlling the refinement of the synaptic connections during the preweaning period.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Brain plasticity is triggered by experience during postnatal brain development and shapes the maturing neural circuits. In humans, altered experience-dependent plasticity can have long-lasting detrimental effects on circuit function and lead to psychiatric disorders. Yet, the cellular mechanisms governing how early experience fine-tunes the maturing synaptic network is not fully understood. Here, taking advantage of an enrichment-housing paradigm, we unravel a new plasticity mechanism involved in the maintenance of the inhibitory to excitatory balance in the hippocampus. Our findings demonstrate that cortical activity instructs the assembly of the CCK+ basket cell network. Considering the importance of this specific cell type for learning and memory, experience-dependent remodeling of CCK+ cells may be a critical determinant for establishing appropriate neural networks.
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19
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Tiwari P, Fanibunda SE, Kapri D, Vasaya S, Pati S, Vaidya VA. GPCR signaling: role in mediating the effects of early adversity in psychiatric disorders. FEBS J 2021; 288:2602-2621. [DOI: 10.1111/febs.15738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Revised: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Praachi Tiwari
- Department of Biological Sciences Tata Institute of Fundamental Research Mumbai India
| | - Sashaina E. Fanibunda
- Department of Biological Sciences Tata Institute of Fundamental Research Mumbai India
- Medical Research Centre Kasturba Health Society Mumbai India
| | - Darshana Kapri
- Department of Biological Sciences Tata Institute of Fundamental Research Mumbai India
| | - Shweta Vasaya
- Department of Biological Sciences Tata Institute of Fundamental Research Mumbai India
| | - Sthitapranjya Pati
- Department of Biological Sciences Tata Institute of Fundamental Research Mumbai India
| | - Vidita A. Vaidya
- Department of Biological Sciences Tata Institute of Fundamental Research Mumbai India
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20
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O'Dell DE, Schreurs BG, Smith-Bell C, Wang D. Disruption of rat deep cerebellar perineuronal net alters eyeblink conditioning and neuronal electrophysiology. Neurobiol Learn Mem 2021; 177:107358. [PMID: 33285318 PMCID: PMC8279724 DOI: 10.1016/j.nlm.2020.107358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Revised: 11/04/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
The perineuronal net (PNN) is a specialized type of extracellular matrix found in the central nervous system. The PNN forms on fast spiking neurons during postnatal development but the ontogeny of PNN development has yet to be elucidated. By studying the development and prevalence of the PNN in the juvenile and adult rat brain, we may be able to understand the PNN's role in development and learning and memory. We show that the PNN is fully developed in the deep cerebellar nuclei (DCN) of rats by P18. By using enzymatic digestion of the PNN with chondroitinase ABC (ChABC), we are able to study how digestion of the PNN affects cerebellar-dependent eyeblink conditioning in vivo and perform electrophysiological recordings from DCN neurons in vitro. In vivo degradation of the PNN resulted in significant differences in eyeblink conditioning amplitude and area. Female animals in the vehicle group demonstrated higher levels of conditioning as well as significantly higher post-probe conditioned responses compared to males in that group, differences not present in the ChABC group. In vitro, we found that DCN neurons with a disrupted PNN following exposure to ChABC had altered membrane properties, fewer rebound spikes, and decreased intrinsic excitability. Together, this study further elucidates the role of the PNN in cerebellar learning in the DCN and is the first to demonstrate PNN degradation may erase sex differences in delay conditioning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deidre E O'Dell
- Department of Neuroscience, Rockefeller Neuroscience Institute, WVU, 33 Medical Center Dr, Morgantown, WV 26505, United States.
| | - Bernard G Schreurs
- Department of Neuroscience, Rockefeller Neuroscience Institute, WVU, 33 Medical Center Dr, Morgantown, WV 26505, United States
| | - Carrie Smith-Bell
- Department of Neuroscience, Rockefeller Neuroscience Institute, WVU, 33 Medical Center Dr, Morgantown, WV 26505, United States
| | - Desheng Wang
- Department of Neuroscience, Rockefeller Neuroscience Institute, WVU, 33 Medical Center Dr, Morgantown, WV 26505, United States
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21
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Lepow L, Morishita H, Yehuda R. Critical Period Plasticity as a Framework for Psychedelic-Assisted Psychotherapy. Front Neurosci 2021; 15:710004. [PMID: 34616272 PMCID: PMC8488335 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2021.710004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
As psychedelic compounds gain traction in psychiatry, there is a need to consider the active mechanism to explain the effect observed in randomized clinical trials. Traditionally, biological psychiatry has asked how compounds affect the causal pathways of illness to reduce symptoms and therefore focus on analysis of the pharmacologic properties. In psychedelic-assisted psychotherapy (PAP), there is debate about whether ingestion of the psychedelic alone is thought to be responsible for the clinical outcome. A question arises how the medication and psychotherapeutic intervention together might lead to neurobiological changes that underlie recovery from illness such as post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). This paper offers a framework for investigating the neurobiological basis of PAP by extrapolating from models used to explain how a pharmacologic intervention might create an optimal brain state during which environmental input has enduring effects. Specifically, there are developmental "critical" periods (CP) with exquisite sensitivity to environmental input; the biological characteristics are largely unknown. We discuss a hypothesis that psychedelics may remove the brakes on adult neuroplasticity, inducing a state similar to that of neurodevelopment. In the visual system, progress has been made both in identifying the biological conditions which distinguishes the CP and in manipulating the active ingredients with the idea that we might pharmacologically reopen a critical period in adulthood. We highlight ocular dominance plasticity (ODP) in the visual system as a model for characterizing CP in limbic systems relevant to psychiatry. A CP framework may help to integrate the neuroscientific inquiry with the influence of the environment both in development and in PAP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren Lepow
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States.,Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Hirofumi Morishita
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States.,Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States.,Department of Ophthalmology, Icahn School of Medicine Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Rachel Yehuda
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States.,Department of Psychiatry, James J. Peters Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Bronx, NY, United States
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22
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Gomes FV, Zhu X, Grace AA. The pathophysiological impact of stress on the dopamine system is dependent on the state of the critical period of vulnerability. Mol Psychiatry 2020; 25:3278-3291. [PMID: 31488866 PMCID: PMC7056584 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-019-0514-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2019] [Revised: 04/02/2019] [Accepted: 07/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Unregulated stress during critical periods of development is proposed to drive deficits consistent with schizophrenia in adults. If accurate, reopening the critical period could make the adult susceptible to pathology. We evaluated the impact of early adolescent and adult stress exposure (combination of daily footshock for 10 days and 3 restraint sessions) on (1) midbrain dopamine (DA) neuron activity, (2) ventral hippocampal (vHipp) pyramidal neuron activity, and (3) the number of parvalbumin (PV) interneurons in the vHipp and their associated perineuronal nets (PNNs). Ventral tegmental area (VTA) DA neuron population activity and vHipp activity was increased 1-2 and 5-6 weeks post-adolescent stress, along with a decrease in the number of PV+, PNN+, PV + /PNN + cells in the vHipp, which are consistent with the MAM model of schizophrenia. In contrast, adult stress decreased VTA DA neuron population activity only at 1-2 weeks post stress, which is consistent with what has been observed in animal models of depression, without impacting vHipp activity and PV/PNN expression. Administration of valproate (VPA), which can re-instate the critical period of plasticity via histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibition, caused adult stress to produce changes similar to those induced by adolescent stress, presumably by increasing stress vulnerability to early adolescent levels. Our findings indicate that timing of stress is a critical determinant of the pathology produced in the adult: adolescent stress led to circuit deficits that recapitulates schizophrenia, whereas adult stress induced a depression-like hypodopaminergic state. Reopening the critical period in the adult restores vulnerability to stress-induced pathology resembling schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felipe V. Gomes
- Departments of Neuroscience, Psychiatry and Psychology, University of Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Xiyu Zhu
- Departments of Neuroscience, Psychiatry and Psychology, University of Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Anthony A. Grace
- Departments of Neuroscience, Psychiatry and Psychology, University of Pittsburgh, PA, USA
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23
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Willis A, Pratt JA, Morris BJ. BDNF and JNK Signaling Modulate Cortical Interneuron and Perineuronal Net Development: Implications for Schizophrenia-Linked 16p11.2 Duplication Syndrome. Schizophr Bull 2020; 47:812-826. [PMID: 33067994 PMCID: PMC8084442 DOI: 10.1093/schbul/sbaa139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Schizophrenia (SZ) is a neurodevelopmental disorder caused by the interaction of genetic and environmental risk factors. One of the strongest genetic risk variants is duplication (DUP) of chr.16p11.2. SZ is characterized by cortical gamma-amino-butyric acid (GABA)ergic interneuron dysfunction and disruption to surrounding extracellular matrix structures, perineuronal nets (PNNs). Developmental maturation of GABAergic interneurons, and also the resulting closure of the critical period of cortical plasticity, is regulated by brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), although the mechanisms involved are unknown. Here, we show that BDNF promotes GABAergic interneuron and PNN maturation through JNK signaling. In mice reproducing the 16p11.2 DUP, where the JNK upstream activator Taok2 is overexpressed, we find that JNK is overactive and there are developmental abnormalities in PNNs, which persist into adulthood. Prefrontal cortex parvalbumin (PVB) expression is reduced, while PNN intensity is increased. Additionally, we report a unique role for TAOK2 signaling in the regulation of PVB interneurons. Our work implicates TAOK2-JNK signaling in cortical interneuron and PNN development, and in the responses to BDNF. It also demonstrates that over-activation of this pathway in conditions associated with SZ risk causes long-lasting disruption in cortical interneurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashleigh Willis
- Institute of Neuroscience and Psychology, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland, UK
| | - Judith A Pratt
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, Scotland, UK
| | - Brian J Morris
- Institute of Neuroscience and Psychology, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland, UK,To whom correspondence should be addressed; Institute of Neuroscience and Psychology, University of Glasgow, G12 8QQ, Glasgow, Scotland, UK; tel: 0044-141-330-5361, fax: 0044-141-330-5659, e-mail:
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24
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Dehorter N, Del Pino I. Shifting Developmental Trajectories During Critical Periods of Brain Formation. Front Cell Neurosci 2020; 14:283. [PMID: 33132842 PMCID: PMC7513795 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2020.00283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2020] [Accepted: 08/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Critical periods of brain development are epochs of heightened plasticity driven by environmental influence necessary for normal brain function. Recent studies are beginning to shed light on the possibility that timely interventions during critical periods hold potential to reorient abnormal developmental trajectories in animal models of neurological and neuropsychiatric disorders. In this review, we re-examine the criteria defining critical periods, highlighting the recently discovered mechanisms of developmental plasticity in health and disease. In addition, we touch upon technological improvements for modeling critical periods in human-derived neural networks in vitro. These scientific advances associated with the use of developmental manipulations in the immature brain of animal models are the basic preclinical systems that will allow the future translatability of timely interventions into clinical applications for neurodevelopmental disorders such as intellectual disability, autism spectrum disorders (ASD) and schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathalie Dehorter
- Eccles Institute of Neuroscience, The John Curtin School of Medical Research, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - Isabel Del Pino
- Principe Felipe Research Center (Centro de Investigación Principe Felipe, CIPF), Valencia, Spain
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25
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Luke MPS, Brown RE, Clarke DB. Polysialylated - neural cell adhesion molecule (PSA-NCAM) promotes recovery of vision after the critical period. Mol Cell Neurosci 2020; 107:103527. [PMID: 32634575 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcn.2020.103527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2019] [Revised: 06/05/2020] [Accepted: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Vision loss has long since been considered irreversible after a critical period; however, there is potential to restore limited vision, even in adulthood. This phenomenon is particularly pronounced following complete loss of vision in the dominant eye. Adult neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM) knockout mice have an age-related impairment of visual acuity. The underlying cause of early deterioration in visual function remains unknown. Polysialylated (PSA) NCAM is involved in different forms of neural plasticity in the adult brain, raising the possibility that NCAM plays a role in the plasticity of the visual cortex, and therefore, in visual ability. Here, we examined whether PSA-NCAM is required for visual cortical plasticity in adult C57Bl/6J mice following deafferentation and long-term monocular deprivation. Our results show that elevated PSA in the contralateral visual cortex of the reopened eye is accompanied by changes in other markers of neural plasticity: increased brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) levels and degradation of perineuronal nets (PNNs). The removal of PSA-NCAM in the visual cortex of these mice reduced BDNF expression, decreased PNN degradation, and resulted in impaired recovery of visual acuity after optic nerve transection and chronic monocular deprivation. Collectively, our results demonstrate that PSA-NCAM is necessary for the reactivation of visual cortical plasticity and recovery of visual function in adult mice. It also offers a potential molecular target for the therapeutic treatment of cortically based visual impairments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margaret Po-Shan Luke
- Department of Medical Neuroscience, Dalhousie University, Life Science Research Institute, 1348 Summer Street, Halifax B3H 4R2, NS, Canada.
| | - Richard E Brown
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Dalhousie University, Life Science Centre, 1355 Oxford Street, PO Box 15000, Halifax B3H 4R2, NS, Canada.
| | - David B Clarke
- Departments of Surgery (Neurosurgery), Medical Neuroscience, and Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences, Dalhousie University, Life Science Research Institute, 1348 Summer Street, Halifax B3H 4R2, NS, Canada.
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26
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The development of vision between nature and nurture: clinical implications from visual neuroscience. Childs Nerv Syst 2020; 36:911-917. [PMID: 32140777 DOI: 10.1007/s00381-020-04554-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2019] [Accepted: 02/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vision is an adaptive function and should be considered a prerequisite for neurodevelopment because it permits the organization and the comprehension of the sensory data collected by the visual system during daily life. For this reason, the influence of visual functions on neuromotor, cognitive, and emotional development has been investigated by several studies that have highlighted how visual functions can drive the organization and maturation of human behavior. Recent studies on animals and human models have indicated that visual functions mature gradually during post-natal life, and its development is closely linked to environment and experience. DISCUSSION The role of vision in early brain development and some of the neuroplasticity mechanisms that have been described in the presence of cerebral damage during childhood are analyzed in this review, according to a neurorehabilitation prospective.
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27
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Bitanihirwe BKY, Woo TUW. A conceptualized model linking matrix metalloproteinase-9 to schizophrenia pathogenesis. Schizophr Res 2020; 218:28-35. [PMID: 32001079 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2019.12.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2019] [Revised: 12/18/2019] [Accepted: 12/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9) is an extracellularly operating zinc-dependent endopeptidase that is commonly expressed in the brain, other tissues. It is synthesized in a latent zymogen form known as pro-MMP-9 that is subsequently converted to the active MMP-9 enzyme following cleavage of the pro-domain. Within the central nervous system, MMP-9 is localized and released from neurons, astrocytes and microglia where its expression levels are modulated by cytokines and growth factors during both normal and pathological conditions as well as by reactive oxygen species generated during oxidative stress. MMP-9 is involved in a number of key neurodevelopmental processes that are thought to be affected in schizophrenia, including maturation of the inhibitory neurons that contain the calcium-binding protein parvalbumin, developmental formation of the specialized extracellular matrix structure perineuronal net, synaptic pruning, and myelination. In this context, the present article provides a narrative synthesis of the existing evidence linking MMP-9 dysregulation to schizophrenia pathogenesis. We start by providing an overview of MMP-9 involvement in brain development and physiology. We then discuss the potential mechanisms through which MMP-9 dysregulation may affect neural circuitry maturation as well as how these anomalies may contribute to the disease process of schizophrenia. We conclude by articulating a comprehensive, cogent, and experimentally testable hypothesis linking MMP-9 to the developmental pathophysiologic cascade that triggers the onset and sustains the chronicity of the illness.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tsung-Ung W Woo
- Department of Psychiatry, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA; Program in Cellular Neuropathology, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
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28
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Bessières B, Travaglia A, Mowery TM, Zhang X, Alberini CM. Early life experiences selectively mature learning and memory abilities. Nat Commun 2020; 11:628. [PMID: 32005863 PMCID: PMC6994621 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-14461-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2019] [Accepted: 01/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The mechanisms underlying the maturation of learning and memory abilities are poorly understood. Here we show that episodic learning produces unique biological changes in the hippocampus of infant rats and mice compared to juveniles and adults. These changes include persistent neuronal activation, BDNF-dependent increase in the excitatory synapse markers synaptophysin and PSD-95, and significant maturation of AMPA receptor synaptic responses. Inhibition of PSD-95 induction following learning impairs both AMPA receptor response maturation and infantile memory, indicating that the synapse formation/maturation is necessary for creating infantile memories. Conversely, capturing the learning-induced changes by presenting a subsequent learning experience or by chemogenetic activation of the neural ensembles tagged by learning matures memory functional competence. This memory competence is selective for the type of experience encountered, as it transfers within similar hippocampus-dependent learning domains but not to other hippocampus-dependent types of learning. Thus, experiences in early life produce selective maturation of memory abilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Bessières
- Center for Neural Science, New York University, New York, NY, 10003, USA
| | - Alessio Travaglia
- Center for Neural Science, New York University, New York, NY, 10003, USA
| | - Todd M Mowery
- Center for Neural Science, New York University, New York, NY, 10003, USA
| | - Xinying Zhang
- Center for Neural Science, New York University, New York, NY, 10003, USA
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29
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Systematic Analysis of Environmental Chemicals That Dysregulate Critical Period Plasticity-Related Gene Expression Reveals Common Pathways That Mimic Immune Response to Pathogen. Neural Plast 2020; 2020:1673897. [PMID: 32454811 PMCID: PMC7222500 DOI: 10.1155/2020/1673897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2019] [Accepted: 02/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The tens of thousands of industrial and synthetic chemicals released into the environment have an unknown but potentially significant capacity to interfere with neurodevelopment. Consequently, there is an urgent need for systematic approaches that can identify disruptive chemicals. Little is known about the impact of environmental chemicals on critical periods of developmental neuroplasticity, in large part, due to the challenge of screening thousands of chemicals. Using an integrative bioinformatics approach, we systematically scanned 2001 environmental chemicals and identified 50 chemicals that consistently dysregulate two transcriptional signatures of critical period plasticity. These chemicals included pesticides (e.g., pyridaben), antimicrobials (e.g., bacitracin), metals (e.g., mercury), anesthetics (e.g., halothane), and other chemicals and mixtures (e.g., vehicle emissions). Application of a chemogenomic enrichment analysis and hierarchical clustering across these diverse chemicals identified two clusters of chemicals with one that mimicked an immune response to pathogen, implicating inflammatory pathways and microglia as a common chemically induced neuropathological process. Thus, we established an integrative bioinformatics approach to systematically scan thousands of environmental chemicals for their ability to dysregulate molecular signatures relevant to critical periods of development.
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30
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Gomes FV, Zhu X, Grace AA. Stress during critical periods of development and risk for schizophrenia. Schizophr Res 2019; 213:107-113. [PMID: 30711313 PMCID: PMC6667322 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2019.01.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2018] [Revised: 01/15/2019] [Accepted: 01/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Schizophrenia is a neurodevelopmental disorder with genetic predisposition, and stress has long been linked to its etiology. While stress affects all stages of the illness, increasing evidence suggests that stress during critical periods of development may be particularly detrimental, increasing individual's vulnerability to psychosis. To thoroughly understand the potential causative role of stress, our group has been focusing on the prenatal methylazoxymethanol acetate (MAM) rodent model, and discovered that MAM offspring display abnormal stress reactivity and heightened anxiety prepubertally, prior to the manifestation of a hyperdopaminergic state. Furthermore, pharmacologically treating anxiety during prepuberty prevented the emergence of the dopamine dysfunction in adulthood. Interestingly, sufficiently strong stressors applied to normal rats selectively during early development can recapitulate multiple schizophrenia-related phenotypes of MAM rats, whereas the same stress paradigm during adulthood only produced short-term depression-related deficits. Altogether, the evidence is thus converging: developmental disruption (genetic or environmental) might render animals more susceptible to the deleterious effects of stress during critical time windows, during which unregulated stress can lead to the emergence of psychosis later in life. As an important region regulating the midbrain dopamine system, the ventral hippocampus is particularly vulnerable to stress, and the distinct maturational profile of its fast-spiking parvalbumin interneurons may largely underlie such vulnerability. In this review, by discussing emerging evidence spanning clinical and basic science studies, we propose developmental stress vulnerability as a novel link between early predispositions and environmental triggering events in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia. This promising line of research can potentially provide not only insights into the etiology, but also a "roadmap" for disease prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Anthony A. Grace
- Corresponding author: Dr. Anthony A. Grace - Department of Neuroscience, A210 Langley Hall, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15260, USA. Phone: +1 412 624 4609.
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31
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Cognitive functions associated with developing prefrontal cortex during adolescence and developmental neuropsychiatric disorders. Neurobiol Dis 2019; 131:104322. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2018.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2017] [Revised: 09/24/2018] [Accepted: 11/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
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32
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Hoseini MS, Rakela B, Flores-Ramirez Q, Hasenstaub AR, Alvarez-Buylla A, Stryker MP. Transplanted Cells Are Essential for the Induction But Not the Expression of Cortical Plasticity. J Neurosci 2019; 39:7529-7538. [PMID: 31391263 PMCID: PMC6750933 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.1430-19.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2019] [Revised: 07/25/2019] [Accepted: 08/01/2019] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Transplantation of even a small number of embryonic inhibitory neurons from the medial ganglionic eminence (MGE) into postnatal visual cortex makes it lose responsiveness to an eye deprived of vision when the transplanted neurons reach the age of the normal critical period of activity-dependent ocular dominance (OD) plasticity. The transplant might induce OD plasticity in the host circuitry or might instead construct a parallel circuit of its own to suppress cortical responses to the deprived eye. We transplanted MGE neurons expressing either archaerhodopsin or channelrhodopsin into the visual cortex of both male and female mice, closed one eyelid for 4-5 d, and, as expected, observed transplant-induced OD plasticity. This plasticity was evident even when the activity of the transplanted cells was suppressed or enhanced optogenetically, demonstrating that the plasticity was produced by changes in the host visual cortex.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Interneuron transplantation into mouse V1 creates a window of heightened plasticity that is quantitatively and qualitatively similar to the normal critical period; that is, short-term occlusion of either eye markedly changes ocular dominance (OD). The underlying mechanism of this process is not known. Transplanted interneurons might either form a separate circuit to maintain the OD shift or might instead trigger changes in the host circuity. We designed experiments to distinguish the two hypotheses. Our findings suggest that while inhibition produced by the transplanted cells triggers this form of plasticity, the host circuity is entirely responsible for maintaining the OD shift.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmood S Hoseini
- Center for Integrative Neuroscience, University of California, San Francisco, California 94158,
- Department of Physiology, University of California, San Francisco, California 94143
| | - Benjamin Rakela
- Center for Integrative Neuroscience, University of California, San Francisco, California 94158
- Department of Physiology, University of California, San Francisco, California 94143
| | - Quetzal Flores-Ramirez
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, California 94143
| | - Andrea R Hasenstaub
- Center for Integrative Neuroscience, University of California, San Francisco, California 94158
- Coleman Memorial Laboratory, University of California, San Francisco, California 94158
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, California 94143, and
| | - Arturo Alvarez-Buylla
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, California 94143
- The Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California, San Francisco, California 94143
| | - Michael P Stryker
- Center for Integrative Neuroscience, University of California, San Francisco, California 94158,
- Department of Physiology, University of California, San Francisco, California 94143
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33
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DePierro J, Lepow L, Feder A, Yehuda R. Translating Molecular and Neuroendocrine Findings in Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and Resilience to Novel Therapies. Biol Psychiatry 2019; 86:454-463. [PMID: 31466562 PMCID: PMC6907400 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2019.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2019] [Revised: 07/08/2019] [Accepted: 07/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Many biological systems are altered in association with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and resilience. However, there are only few approved pharmacological treatments for PTSD, and no approved medications to enhance resilience. This article provides a critical review of select neurobiological findings in PTSD and resilience, and also of pharmacologic approaches that have emerged from this work. The medications summarized involve engagement with targets in the adrenergic, hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, and neuropeptide Y systems. Other highlighted approaches involve the use of ketamine and 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine-assisted psychotherapy, which recently surfaced as promising strategies for PTSD, though the neurobiological mechanisms underlying their actions, including for promoting resilience, are not yet fully understood. The former approaches fall within the broad concept of "rational pharmacotherapy," in that they attempt to directly target dysregulated systems known to be associated with posttraumatic symptoms. To the extent that use of ketamine and 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine promotes symptom improvement and resilience in PTSD, this provides an opportunity for reverse translation and identification of relevant targets and mechanisms of action through careful study of biological changes resulting from these interventions. Promoting resilience in trauma-exposed individuals may involve more than pharmacologically manipulating dysregulated molecules and pathways associated with developing and sustaining PTSD symptom severity, but also producing a substantial change in mental state that increases the ability to engage with traumatic material in psychotherapy. Neurobiological examination in the context of treatment studies may yield novel targets and promote a greater understanding of mechanisms of recovery from trauma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan DePierro
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Lauren Lepow
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Adriana Feder
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Rachel Yehuda
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York; Department of Psychiatry, James J. Peters Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Bronx, New York.
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34
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Page CE, Coutellier L. Prefrontal excitatory/inhibitory balance in stress and emotional disorders: Evidence for over-inhibition. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2019; 105:39-51. [PMID: 31377218 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2019.07.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2019] [Revised: 07/31/2019] [Accepted: 07/31/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Chronic stress-induced emotional disorders like anxiety and depression involve imbalances between the excitatory glutamatergic system and the inhibitory GABAergic system in the prefrontal cortex (PFC). However, the precise nature and trajectory of excitatory/inhibitory (E/I) imbalances in these conditions is not clear, with the literature reporting glutamatergic and GABAergic findings that are at times contradictory and inconclusive. Here we propose and discuss the hypothesis that chronic stress-induced emotional dysfunction involves hypoactivity of the PFC due to increased inhibition. We will also discuss E/I imbalances in the context of sex differences. In this review, we will synthesize research about how glutamatergic and GABAergic systems are perturbed by chronic stress and in related emotional disorders like anxiety and depression and propose ideas for reconciling contradictory findings in support of the hypothesis of over-inhibition. We will also discuss evidence for how aspects of the GABAergic system such as parvalbumin (PV) cells can be targeted therapeutically for reinstating activity and plasticity in the PFC and treating stress-related disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chloe E Page
- Department of Neuroscience, Ohio State University, Columbus OH, United States
| | - Laurence Coutellier
- Department of Neuroscience, Ohio State University, Columbus OH, United States; Department of Psychology, Ohio State University, Columbus OH, United States.
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35
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The roles of perineuronal nets and the perinodal extracellular matrix in neuronal function. Nat Rev Neurosci 2019; 20:451-465. [PMID: 31263252 DOI: 10.1038/s41583-019-0196-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 282] [Impact Index Per Article: 56.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Perineuronal nets (PNNs) are extracellular matrix (ECM) chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan (CSPG)-containing structures that surround the soma and dendrites of various mammalian neuronal cell types. PNNs appear during development around the time that the critical periods for developmental plasticity end and are important for both their onset and closure. A similar structure - the perinodal ECM - surrounds the axonal nodes of Ranvier and appears as myelination is completed, acting as an ion-diffusion barrier that affects axonal conduction speed. Recent work has revealed the importance of PNNs in controlling plasticity in the CNS. Digestion, blocking or removal of PNNs influences functional recovery after a variety of CNS lesions. PNNs have further been shown to be involved in the regulation of memory and have been implicated in a number of psychiatric disorders.
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36
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Smith MR, Readhead B, Dudley JT, Morishita H. Critical period plasticity-related transcriptional aberrations in schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. Schizophr Res 2019; 207:12-21. [PMID: 30442475 PMCID: PMC6591017 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2018.10.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2018] [Revised: 10/17/2018] [Accepted: 10/22/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Childhood critical periods of experience-dependent plasticity are essential for the development of environmentally appropriate behavior and cognition. Disruption of critical periods can alter development of normal function and confer risk for neurodevelopmental disorders. While genes and their expression relevant to neurodevelopment are associated with schizophrenia, the molecular relationship between schizophrenia and critical periods has not been assessed systematically. Here, we apply a transcriptome-based bioinformatics approach to assess whether genes associated with the human critical period for visual cortex plasticity, a well-studied model of cortical critical periods, are aberrantly expressed in schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. Across two dozen datasets encompassing 522 cases and 374 controls, we find that the majority show aberrations in expression of genes associated with the critical period. We observed both hyper- and hypo-critical period plasticity phenotypes at the transcriptome level, which partially mapped to drug candidates that reverse the disorder signatures in silico. Our findings indicate plasticity aberrations in schizophrenia and their treatment may need to be considered in the context of subpopulations with elevated and others reduced plasticity. Future work should leverage ongoing consortia RNA-sequencing efforts to tease out the sources of plasticity-related transcriptional aberrations seen in schizophrenia, including true biological heterogeneity, interaction between normal development/aging and the disorder, and medication history. Our study also urges innovation towards direct assessment of visual cortex plasticity in humans with schizophrenia to precisely deconstruct the role of plasticity in this disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milo R. Smith
- Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1 Gustave L Levy Place, New York, NY 10029, USA,Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1 Gustave L Levy Place, New York, NY 10029, USA,Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1 Gustave L Levy Place, New York, NY 10029, USA,Department of Ophthalmology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1 Gustave L Levy Place, New York, NY 10029, USA,Mindich Child Health and Development Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1 Gustave L Levy Place, New York, NY 10029, USA,Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1 Gustave L Levy Place, New York, NY 10029, USA,Institute for Next Generation Healthcare, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1 Gustave L Levy Place, New York, NY 10029, USA,Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1 Gustave L Levy Place, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Ben Readhead
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1 Gustave L Levy Place, New York, NY 10029, USA; Institute for Next Generation Healthcare, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1 Gustave L Levy Place, New York, NY 10029, USA.
| | - Joel T. Dudley
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1 Gustave L Levy Place, New York, NY 10029, USA,Mindich Child Health and Development Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1 Gustave L Levy Place, New York, NY 10029, USA,Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1 Gustave L Levy Place, New York, NY 10029, USA,Institute for Next Generation Healthcare, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1 Gustave L Levy Place, New York, NY 10029, USA,Correspondence to: J. T. Dudley, One Gustave L. Levy Place, New York, NY 10029, USA., (M.R. Smith), (B. Readhead), (J.T. Dudley), (H. Morishita)
| | - Hirofumi Morishita
- Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1 Gustave L Levy Place, New York, NY 10029, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1 Gustave L Levy Place, New York, NY 10029, USA; Department of Ophthalmology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1 Gustave L Levy Place, New York, NY 10029, USA; Mindich Child Health and Development Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1 Gustave L Levy Place, New York, NY 10029, USA; Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1 Gustave L Levy Place, New York, NY 10029, USA; Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1 Gustave L Levy Place, New York, NY 10029, USA.
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37
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Ramsaran AI, Schlichting ML, Frankland PW. The ontogeny of memory persistence and specificity. Dev Cogn Neurosci 2019; 36:100591. [PMID: 30316637 PMCID: PMC6969236 DOI: 10.1016/j.dcn.2018.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2018] [Revised: 09/06/2018] [Accepted: 09/25/2018] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Interest in the ontogeny of memory blossomed in the twentieth century following the initial observations that memories from infancy and early childhood are rapidly forgotten. The intense exploration of infantile amnesia in subsequent years has led to a thorough characterization of its psychological determinants, although the neurobiology of memory persistence has long remained elusive. By contrast, other phenomena in the ontogeny of memory like infantile generalization have received relatively less attention. Despite strong evidence for reduced memory specificity during ontogeny, infantile generalization is poorly understood from psychological and neurobiological perspectives. In this review, we examine the ontogeny of memory persistence and specificity in humans and nonhuman animals at the levels of behavior and the brain. To this end, we first describe the behavioral phenotypes associated with each phenomenon. Looking into the brain, we then discuss neurobiological mechanisms in the hippocampus that contribute to the ontogeny of memory. Hippocampal neurogenesis and critical period mechanisms have recently been discovered to underlie amnesia during early development, and at the same time, we speculate that similar processes may contribute to the early bias towards memory generalization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam I Ramsaran
- Program in Neurosciences and Mental Health, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, M5G 1X8, Canada; Department of Psychology, University of Toronto, Toronto, M5S 3G3, Canada
| | | | - Paul W Frankland
- Program in Neurosciences and Mental Health, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, M5G 1X8, Canada; Department of Psychology, University of Toronto, Toronto, M5S 3G3, Canada; Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, M5S 1A8, Canada; Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, M5S 1A8, Canada; Child & Brain Development Program, Canadian Institute for Advanced Research (CIFAR), Toronto, M5G 1M1, Canada.
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38
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Ma CW, Kwan PY, Wu KLK, Shum DKY, Chan YS. Regulatory roles of perineuronal nets and semaphorin 3A in the postnatal maturation of the central vestibular circuitry for graviceptive reflex. Brain Struct Funct 2018; 224:613-626. [PMID: 30460552 DOI: 10.1007/s00429-018-1795-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2018] [Accepted: 11/12/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Perineuronal nets (PN) restrict neuronal plasticity in the adult brain. We hypothesize that activity-dependent consolidation of PN is required for functional maturation of behavioral circuits. Using the postnatal maturation of brainstem vestibular nucleus (VN) circuits as a model system, we report a neonatal period in which consolidation of central vestibular circuitry for graviception is accompanied by activity-dependent consolidation of chondroitin sulfate (CS)-rich PN around GABAergic neurons in the VN. Postnatal onset of negative geotaxis was used as an indicator for functional maturation of vestibular circuits. Rats display negative geotaxis from postnatal day (P) 9, coinciding with the condensation of CS-rich PN around GABAergic interneurons in the VN. Delaying PN formation, by removal of primordial CS moieties on VN with chondroitinase ABC (ChABC) treatment at P6, postponed emergence of negative geotaxis to P13. Similar postponement was observed following inhibition of GABAergic transmission with bicuculline, in line with the reported role of PN in increasing excitability of parvalbumin neurons. We further reasoned that PN-CS restricts bioavailability of plasticity-inducing factors such as semaphorin 3A (Sema3A) to bring about circuit maturation. Treatment of VN explants with ChABC to liberate PN-bound Sema3A resulted in dendritic growth and arborization, implicating structural plasticity that delays synapse formation. Evidence is thus provided for the role of PN-CS-Sema3A in regulating structural and circuit plasticity at VN interneurons with impacts on the development of graviceptive postural control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Wai Ma
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, 21 Sassoon Road, Hong Kong SAR, People's Republic of China
| | - Pui-Yi Kwan
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, 21 Sassoon Road, Hong Kong SAR, People's Republic of China
| | - Kenneth Lap-Kei Wu
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, 21 Sassoon Road, Hong Kong SAR, People's Republic of China
| | - Daisy Kwok-Yan Shum
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, 21 Sassoon Road, Hong Kong SAR, People's Republic of China. .,State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, 21 Sassoon Road, Hong Kong SAR, People's Republic of China.
| | - Ying-Shing Chan
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, 21 Sassoon Road, Hong Kong SAR, People's Republic of China. .,State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, 21 Sassoon Road, Hong Kong SAR, People's Republic of China.
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39
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Smith MR, Yevoo P, Sadahiro M, Austin C, Amarasiriwardena C, Awawda M, Arora M, Dudley JT, Morishita H. Integrative bioinformatics identifies postnatal lead (Pb) exposure disrupts developmental cortical plasticity. Sci Rep 2018; 8:16388. [PMID: 30401819 PMCID: PMC6219596 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-34592-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2018] [Accepted: 10/22/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Given that thousands of chemicals released into the environment have the potential capacity to harm neurodevelopment, there is an urgent need to systematically evaluate their toxicity. Neurodevelopment is marked by critical periods of plasticity wherein neural circuits are refined by the environment to optimize behavior and function. If chemicals perturb these critical periods, neurodevelopment can be permanently altered. Focusing on 214 human neurotoxicants, we applied an integrative bioinformatics approach using publically available data to identify dozens of neurotoxicant signatures that disrupt a transcriptional signature of a critical period for brain plasticity. This identified lead (Pb) as a critical period neurotoxicant and we confirmed in vivo that Pb partially suppresses critical period plasticity at a time point analogous to exposure associated with autism. This work demonstrates the utility of a novel informatics approach to systematically identify neurotoxicants that disrupt childhood neurodevelopment and can be extended to assess other environmental chemicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milo R Smith
- Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1 Gustave L Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1 Gustave L Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1 Gustave L Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA
- Departmnt of Ophthalmology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1 Gustave L Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA
- Mindich Child Health and Development Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1 Gustave L Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1 Gustave L Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA
- Institute for Next Generation Healthcare, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1 Gustave L Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA
- Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1 Gustave L Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Priscilla Yevoo
- Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1 Gustave L Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1 Gustave L Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA
- Departmnt of Ophthalmology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1 Gustave L Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA
- Mindich Child Health and Development Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1 Gustave L Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA
- Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1 Gustave L Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Masato Sadahiro
- Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1 Gustave L Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1 Gustave L Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA
- Departmnt of Ophthalmology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1 Gustave L Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA
- Mindich Child Health and Development Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1 Gustave L Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1 Gustave L Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA
- Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1 Gustave L Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Christine Austin
- Department of Environmental Medicine & Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1 Gustave L Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Chitra Amarasiriwardena
- Department of Environmental Medicine & Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1 Gustave L Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Mahmoud Awawda
- Department of Environmental Medicine & Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1 Gustave L Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Manish Arora
- Department of Environmental Medicine & Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1 Gustave L Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA
- Department of Dentistry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1 Gustave L Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Joel T Dudley
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1 Gustave L Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA.
- Institute for Next Generation Healthcare, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1 Gustave L Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA.
| | - Hirofumi Morishita
- Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1 Gustave L Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA.
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1 Gustave L Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA.
- Departmnt of Ophthalmology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1 Gustave L Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA.
- Mindich Child Health and Development Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1 Gustave L Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA.
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1 Gustave L Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA.
- Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1 Gustave L Levy Place, New York, NY, 10029, USA.
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40
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Larsen B, Luna B. Adolescence as a neurobiological critical period for the development of higher-order cognition. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2018; 94:179-195. [PMID: 30201220 PMCID: PMC6526538 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2018.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 327] [Impact Index Per Article: 54.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2018] [Revised: 06/29/2018] [Accepted: 09/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The transition from adolescence to adulthood is characterized by improvements in higher-order cognitive abilities and corresponding refinements of the structure and function of the brain regions that support them. Whereas the neurobiological mechanisms that govern early development of sensory systems are well-understood, the mechanisms that drive developmental plasticity of association cortices, such as prefrontal cortex (PFC), during adolescence remain to be explained. In this review, we synthesize neurodevelopmental findings at the cellular, circuit, and systems levels in PFC and evaluate them through the lens of established critical period (CP) mechanisms that guide early sensory development. We find remarkable correspondence between these neurodevelopmental processes and the mechanisms driving CP plasticity, supporting the hypothesis that adolescent development is driven by CP mechanisms that guide the rapid development of neurobiology and cognitive ability during adolescence and their subsequent stability in adulthood. Critically, understanding adolescence as a CP not only provides a mechanism for normative adolescent development, it provides a framework for understanding the role of experience and neurobiology in the emergence of psychopathology that occurs during this developmental period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bart Larsen
- Department of Psychology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, United States; Center for the Neural Basis of Cognition, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, United States.
| | - Beatriz Luna
- Center for the Neural Basis of Cognition, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, United States; Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, United States
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41
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Abstract
Substance P (SP) is a highly conserved member of the tachykinin peptide family that is widely expressed throughout the animal kingdom. The numerous members of the tachykinin peptide family are involved in a multitude of neuronal signaling pathways, mediating sensations and emotional responses (Steinhoff et al. in Physiol Rev 94:265–301, 2014). In contrast to receptors for classical transmitters, such as glutamate (Parsons et al. in Handb Exp Pharmacol 249–303, 2005), only a minority of neurons in certain brain areas express neurokinin receptors (NKRs) (Mantyh in J Clin Psychiatry 63:6–10, 2002). SP is also expressed by a variety of non-neuronal cell types such as microglia, as well as immune cells (Mashaghi et al. in Cell Mol Life Sci 73:4249–4264, 2016). SP is an 11-amino acid neuropeptide that preferentially activates the neurokinin-1 receptor (NK1R). It transmits nociceptive signals via primary afferent fibers to spinal and brainstem second-order neurons (Cao et al. in Nature 392:390–394, 1998). Compounds that inhibit SP’s action are being investigated as potential drugs to relieve pain. More recently, SP and NKR have gained attention for their role in complex psychiatric processes. It is a key goal in the field of pain research to understand mechanisms involved in the transition between acute pain and chronic pain. The influence of emotional and cognitive inputs and feedbacks from different brain areas makes pain not only a perception but an experience (Zieglgänsberger et al. in CNS Spectr 10:298–308, 2005; Trenkwaldner et al. Sleep Med 31:78–85, 2017). This review focuses on functional neuronal plasticity in spinal dorsal horn neurons as a major relay for nociceptive information.
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Rotaru DC, van Woerden GM, Wallaard I, Elgersma Y. Adult Ube3a Gene Reinstatement Restores the Electrophysiological Deficits of Prefrontal Cortex Layer 5 Neurons in a Mouse Model of Angelman Syndrome. J Neurosci 2018; 38:8011-8030. [PMID: 30082419 PMCID: PMC6596147 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.0083-18.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2018] [Revised: 07/13/2018] [Accepted: 07/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
E3 ubiquitin ligase (UBE3A) levels in the brain need to be tightly regulated, as loss of functional UBE3A protein is responsible for the severe neurodevelopmental disorder Angelman syndrome (AS), whereas increased activity of UBE3A is associated with nonsyndromic autism. Given the role of mPFC in neurodevelopmental disorders including autism, we aimed to identify the functional changes resulting from loss of UBE3A in infralimbic and prelimbic mPFC areas in a mouse model of AS. Whole-cell recordings from layer 5 mPFC pyramidal neurons obtained in brain slices from adult mice of both sexes revealed that loss of UBE3A results in a strong decrease of spontaneous inhibitory transmission and increase of spontaneous excitatory transmission potentially leading to a marked excitation/inhibition imbalance. Additionally, we found that loss of UBE3A led to decreased excitability and increased threshold for action potential of layer 5 fast spiking interneurons without significantly affecting the excitability of pyramidal neurons. Because we previously showed that AS mouse behavioral phenotypes are reversible upon Ube3a gene reactivation during a restricted period of early postnatal development, we investigated whether Ube3a gene reactivation in a fully mature brain could reverse any of the identified physiological deficits. In contrast to our previously reported behavioral findings, restoring UBE3A levels in adult animals fully rescued all the identified physiological deficits of mPFC neurons. Moreover, the kinetics of reversing these synaptic deficits closely followed the reinstatement of UBE3A protein level. Together, these findings show a striking dissociation between the rescue of behavioral and physiological deficits.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Here we describe significant physiological deficits in the mPFC of an Angelman syndrome mouse model. We found a marked change in excitatory/inhibitory balance, as well as decreased excitability of fast spiking interneurons. A promising treatment strategy for Angelman syndrome is aimed at restoring UBE3A expression by activating the paternal UBE3A gene. Here we find that the physiological changes in the mPFC are fully reversible upon gene reactivation, even when the brain is fully mature. This indicates that there is no critical developmental window for reversing the identified physiological deficits in mPFC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana C Rotaru
- Department of Neuroscience and ENCORE Center for Neurodevelopmental Disorders, Erasmus University Medical Center, Wytemaweg 80, 3015 CN Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Geeske M van Woerden
- Department of Neuroscience and ENCORE Center for Neurodevelopmental Disorders, Erasmus University Medical Center, Wytemaweg 80, 3015 CN Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ilse Wallaard
- Department of Neuroscience and ENCORE Center for Neurodevelopmental Disorders, Erasmus University Medical Center, Wytemaweg 80, 3015 CN Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ype Elgersma
- Department of Neuroscience and ENCORE Center for Neurodevelopmental Disorders, Erasmus University Medical Center, Wytemaweg 80, 3015 CN Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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43
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García-Cabezas MÁ, Joyce MKP, John YJ, Zikopoulos B, Barbas H. Mirror trends of plasticity and stability indicators in primate prefrontal cortex. Eur J Neurosci 2017; 46:2392-2405. [PMID: 28921934 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.13706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2017] [Revised: 08/22/2017] [Accepted: 08/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Research on plasticity markers in the cerebral cortex has largely focused on their timing of expression and role in shaping circuits during critical and normal periods. By contrast, little attention has been focused on the spatial dimension of plasticity-stability across cortical areas. The rationale for this analysis is based on the systematic variation in cortical structure that parallels functional specialization and raises the possibility of varying levels of plasticity. Here, we investigated in adult rhesus monkeys the expression of markers related to synaptic plasticity or stability in prefrontal limbic and eulaminate areas that vary in laminar structure. Our findings revealed that limbic areas are impoverished in three markers of stability: intracortical myelin, the lectin Wisteria floribunda agglutinin, which labels perineuronal nets, and parvalbumin, which is expressed in a class of strong inhibitory neurons. By contrast, prefrontal limbic areas were enriched in the enzyme calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII), known to enhance plasticity. Eulaminate areas have more elaborate laminar architecture than limbic areas and showed the opposite trend: they were enriched in markers of stability and had lower expression of the plasticity-related marker CaMKII. The expression of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), a marker of activated astrocytes, was also higher in limbic areas, suggesting that cellular stress correlates with the rate of circuit reshaping. Elevated markers of plasticity may endow limbic areas with flexibility necessary for learning and memory within an affective context, but may also render them vulnerable to abnormal structural changes, as seen in neurologic and psychiatric diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Á García-Cabezas
- Neural Systems Laboratory, Department of Health Sciences, Boston University, 635 Commonwealth Ave, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Mary Kate P Joyce
- Neural Systems Laboratory, Department of Health Sciences, Boston University, 635 Commonwealth Ave, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Yohan J John
- Neural Systems Laboratory, Department of Health Sciences, Boston University, 635 Commonwealth Ave, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Basilis Zikopoulos
- Human Systems Neuroscience Laboratory, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Helen Barbas
- Neural Systems Laboratory, Department of Health Sciences, Boston University, 635 Commonwealth Ave, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
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44
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Pattwell SS, Bath KG. Emotional learning, stress, and development: An ever-changing landscape shaped by early-life experience. Neurobiol Learn Mem 2017; 143:36-48. [PMID: 28458034 PMCID: PMC5540880 DOI: 10.1016/j.nlm.2017.04.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2016] [Revised: 04/24/2017] [Accepted: 04/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The capacity to learn to associate cues with negative outcomes is a highly adaptive process that appears to be conserved across species. However, when the cue is no longer a valid predictor of danger, but the emotional response persists, this can result in maladaptive behaviors, and in humans contribute to debilitating emotional disorders. Over the past several decades, work in neuroscience, psychiatry, psychology, and biology have uncovered key processes underlying, and structures governing, emotional responding and learning, as well as identified disruptions in the structural and functional integrity of these brain regions in models of pathology. In this review, we highlight some of this elegant body of work as well as incorporate emerging findings from the field of developmental neurobiology to emphasize how development contributes to changes in the ability to learn and express emotional responses, and how early experiences, such as stress, shape the development and functioning of these circuits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siobhan S Pattwell
- Department of Human Biology, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, 1100 Fairview Ave N, Seattle, WA 98109, United States.
| | - Kevin G Bath
- Department of Cognitive, Linguistic, and Psychological Sciences, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, United States
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45
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Schaefer N, Rotermund C, Blumrich EM, Lourenco MV, Joshi P, Hegemann RU, Jamwal S, Ali N, García Romero EM, Sharma S, Ghosh S, Sinha JK, Loke H, Jain V, Lepeta K, Salamian A, Sharma M, Golpich M, Nawrotek K, Paidi RK, Shahidzadeh SM, Piermartiri T, Amini E, Pastor V, Wilson Y, Adeniyi PA, Datusalia AK, Vafadari B, Saini V, Suárez-Pozos E, Kushwah N, Fontanet P, Turner AJ. The malleable brain: plasticity of neural circuits and behavior - a review from students to students. J Neurochem 2017. [PMID: 28632905 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.14107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
One of the most intriguing features of the brain is its ability to be malleable, allowing it to adapt continually to changes in the environment. Specific neuronal activity patterns drive long-lasting increases or decreases in the strength of synaptic connections, referred to as long-term potentiation and long-term depression, respectively. Such phenomena have been described in a variety of model organisms, which are used to study molecular, structural, and functional aspects of synaptic plasticity. This review originated from the first International Society for Neurochemistry (ISN) and Journal of Neurochemistry (JNC) Flagship School held in Alpbach, Austria (Sep 2016), and will use its curriculum and discussions as a framework to review some of the current knowledge in the field of synaptic plasticity. First, we describe the role of plasticity during development and the persistent changes of neural circuitry occurring when sensory input is altered during critical developmental stages. We then outline the signaling cascades resulting in the synthesis of new plasticity-related proteins, which ultimately enable sustained changes in synaptic strength. Going beyond the traditional understanding of synaptic plasticity conceptualized by long-term potentiation and long-term depression, we discuss system-wide modifications and recently unveiled homeostatic mechanisms, such as synaptic scaling. Finally, we describe the neural circuits and synaptic plasticity mechanisms driving associative memory and motor learning. Evidence summarized in this review provides a current view of synaptic plasticity in its various forms, offers new insights into the underlying mechanisms and behavioral relevance, and provides directions for future research in the field of synaptic plasticity. Read the Editorial Highlight for this article on page 788. Cover Image for this issue: doi: 10.1111/jnc.13815.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natascha Schaefer
- Institute for Clinical Neurobiology, Julius-Maximilians-University of Wuerzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Carola Rotermund
- German Center of Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Eva-Maria Blumrich
- Centre for Biomolecular Interactions Bremen, Faculty 2 (Biology/Chemistry), University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany.,Centre for Environmental Research and Sustainable Technology, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
| | - Mychael V Lourenco
- Institute of Medical Biochemistry Leopoldo de Meis, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Institute of Biophysics Carlos Chagas Filho, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Pooja Joshi
- Inserm UMR 1141, Robert Debre Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Regina U Hegemann
- Department of Psychology, Brain Health Research Centre, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Sumit Jamwal
- Department of Pharmacology, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga, Punjab, India
| | - Nilufar Ali
- Department of Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, USA
| | | | - Sorabh Sharma
- Neuropharmacology Division, Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani, Rajasthan, India
| | - Shampa Ghosh
- National Institute of Nutrition (NIN), Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR), Tarnaka, Hyderabad, India
| | - Jitendra K Sinha
- National Institute of Nutrition (NIN), Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR), Tarnaka, Hyderabad, India
| | - Hannah Loke
- Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Molecular and Translational Science, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Vishal Jain
- Defence Institute of Physiology and Allied Sciences, Delhi, India
| | - Katarzyna Lepeta
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Neurobiology, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Ahmad Salamian
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Neurobiology, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Mahima Sharma
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Mojtaba Golpich
- Department of Medicine, University Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre (HUKM), Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Katarzyna Nawrotek
- Department of Process Thermodynamics, Faculty of Process and Environmental Engineering, Lodz University of Technology, Lodz, Poland
| | - Ramesh K Paidi
- CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Jadavpur, Kolkata, India
| | - Sheila M Shahidzadeh
- Department of Biology, Program in Neuroscience, Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York, USA
| | - Tetsade Piermartiri
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Neurociências, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina (UFSC), Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Elham Amini
- Department of Medicine, University Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre (HUKM), Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Veronica Pastor
- Instituto de Biología Celular y Neurociencia Prof. Eduardo De Robertis, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Yvette Wilson
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Philip A Adeniyi
- Cell Biology and Neurotoxicity Unit, Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Afe Babalola University, Ado - Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria
| | | | - Benham Vafadari
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Neurobiology, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Vedangana Saini
- Department of Developmental Neuroscience, Munroe-Meyer Institute, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, USA
| | - Edna Suárez-Pozos
- Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Toxicología, México
| | - Neetu Kushwah
- Defence Institute of Physiology and Allied Sciences, Delhi, India
| | - Paula Fontanet
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience, Institute of Cellular Biology and Neuroscience (IBCN), CONICET-UBA, School of Medicine, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Anthony J Turner
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
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Favuzzi E, Marques-Smith A, Deogracias R, Winterflood CM, Sánchez-Aguilera A, Mantoan L, Maeso P, Fernandes C, Ewers H, Rico B. Activity-Dependent Gating of Parvalbumin Interneuron Function by the Perineuronal Net Protein Brevican. Neuron 2017; 95:639-655.e10. [PMID: 28712654 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2017.06.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 229] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2016] [Revised: 06/02/2017] [Accepted: 06/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Activity-dependent neuronal plasticity is a fundamental mechanism through which the nervous system adapts to sensory experience. Several lines of evidence suggest that parvalbumin (PV+) interneurons are essential in this process, but the molecular mechanisms underlying the influence of experience on interneuron plasticity remain poorly understood. Perineuronal nets (PNNs) enwrapping PV+ cells are long-standing candidates for playing such a role, yet their precise contribution has remained elusive. We show that the PNN protein Brevican is a critical regulator of interneuron plasticity. We find that Brevican simultaneously controls cellular and synaptic forms of plasticity in PV+ cells by regulating the localization of potassium channels and AMPA receptors, respectively. By modulating Brevican levels, experience introduces precise molecular and cellular modifications in PV+ cells that are required for learning and memory. These findings uncover a molecular program through which a PNN protein facilitates appropriate behavioral responses to experience by dynamically gating PV+ interneuron function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilia Favuzzi
- Centre for Developmental Neurobiology, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, SE1 1UL, UK; MRC Centre for Neurodevelopmental Disorders, King's College London, London, SE1 1UL, UK; Instituto de Neurociencias, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas & Universidad Miguel Hernández, Sant Joan d'Alacant 03550, Spain
| | - André Marques-Smith
- Centre for Developmental Neurobiology, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, SE1 1UL, UK; MRC Centre for Neurodevelopmental Disorders, King's College London, London, SE1 1UL, UK
| | - Rubén Deogracias
- Centre for Developmental Neurobiology, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, SE1 1UL, UK; MRC Centre for Neurodevelopmental Disorders, King's College London, London, SE1 1UL, UK; Instituto de Neurociencias, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas & Universidad Miguel Hernández, Sant Joan d'Alacant 03550, Spain
| | - Christian M Winterflood
- Randall Division of Cell and Molecular Biophysics, King's College London, London, SE1 1UL, UK
| | - Alberto Sánchez-Aguilera
- Centre for Developmental Neurobiology, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, SE1 1UL, UK; MRC Centre for Neurodevelopmental Disorders, King's College London, London, SE1 1UL, UK
| | - Laura Mantoan
- Clinical Neurosciences Department, King's College, NHS Foundation Trust, Denmark Hill, London, SE5 9RS, UK
| | - Patricia Maeso
- Centre for Developmental Neurobiology, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, SE1 1UL, UK; MRC Centre for Neurodevelopmental Disorders, King's College London, London, SE1 1UL, UK; Instituto de Neurociencias, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas & Universidad Miguel Hernández, Sant Joan d'Alacant 03550, Spain
| | - Cathy Fernandes
- MRC Centre for Neurodevelopmental Disorders, King's College London, London, SE1 1UL, UK; MRC Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, SE5 8AF, UK
| | - Helge Ewers
- Randall Division of Cell and Molecular Biophysics, King's College London, London, SE1 1UL, UK; Institute for Chemistry and Biochemistry, Free University Berlin, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Beatriz Rico
- Centre for Developmental Neurobiology, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, SE1 1UL, UK; MRC Centre for Neurodevelopmental Disorders, King's College London, London, SE1 1UL, UK; Instituto de Neurociencias, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas & Universidad Miguel Hernández, Sant Joan d'Alacant 03550, Spain.
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Abstract
Lattice-like structures known as perineuronal nets (PNNs) are key components of the extracellular matrix (ECM). Once fully crystallized by adulthood, they are largely stable throughout life. Contrary to previous reports that PNNs inhibit processes involving plasticity, here we report that the dynamic regulation of PNN expression in the adult auditory cortex is vital for fear learning and consolidation in response to pure tones. Specifically, after first confirming the necessity of auditory cortical activity for fear learning and consolidation, we observed that mRNA levels of key proteoglycan components of PNNs were enhanced 4 hr after fear conditioning but were no longer different from the control groups 24 hr later. A similar pattern of regulation was observed in numbers of cells surrounded by PNNs and area occupied by them in the auditory cortex. Finally, the removal of auditory cortex PNNs resulted in a deficit in fear learning and consolidation.
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Batista G, Johnson JL, Dominguez E, Costa-Mattioli M, Pena JL. Translational control of auditory imprinting and structural plasticity by eIF2α. eLife 2016; 5. [PMID: 28009255 PMCID: PMC5245967 DOI: 10.7554/elife.17197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2016] [Accepted: 12/21/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The formation of imprinted memories during a critical period is crucial for vital behaviors, including filial attachment. Yet, little is known about the underlying molecular mechanisms. Using a combination of behavior, pharmacology, in vivo surface sensing of translation (SUnSET) and DiOlistic labeling we found that, translational control by the eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 alpha (eIF2α) bidirectionally regulates auditory but not visual imprinting and related changes in structural plasticity in chickens. Increasing phosphorylation of eIF2α (p-eIF2α) reduces translation rates and spine plasticity, and selectively impairs auditory imprinting. By contrast, inhibition of an eIF2α kinase or blocking the translational program controlled by p-eIF2α enhances auditory imprinting. Importantly, these manipulations are able to reopen the critical period. Thus, we have identified a translational control mechanism that selectively underlies auditory imprinting. Restoring translational control of eIF2α holds the promise to rejuvenate adult brain plasticity and restore learning and memory in a variety of cognitive disorders. DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.17197.001 Shortly after hatching, a chick recognizes the sight and sound of its mother and follows her around. This requires a type of learning called imprinting, which only occurs during a short period of time in young life known as the “critical period”. This process has been reported in a variety of birds and other animals where long-term memory formed during a critical period guides vital behaviors. In order to form imprinted memories, neurons must produce new proteins. However, it is not clear how new experiences trigger the production of these proteins during imprinting. Unraveling such mechanisms may help us to develop drugs that can recover plasticity in the adult brain, which could help individuals with brain injuries relearn skills after critical periods are closed. It is possible to imprint newly hatched chicks to arbitrary sounds and visual stimuli by placing the chicks in running wheels and exposing them to repeated noises and videos. Later on, the chicks respond to these stimuli by running towards the screen, mimicking how they would naturally follow their mother. This system allows researchers to measure imprinting in a carefully controlled laboratory setting. A protein called elF2α plays a major role in regulating the production of new proteins and has been shown to be required for the formation of long-term memories in adult rodents. Batista et al. found that elF2α is required to imprint newly hatched chicks to sound. During the critical period, this factor mediates an increase in “memory-spines”, which are small bumps on neurons that are thought to be involved in memory storage. On the other hand, elF2α was not required to imprint newly hatched chicks to visual stimuli, suggesting that there are different pathways involved in regulating imprinting to different senses. Batista et al. also demonstrate that using drugs to increase the activity of eIF2α in older chicks could allow these chicks to be imprinted to new sounds. The next steps following on from this work are to identify proteins that eIF2α regulates to form memories, and to find out why eIF2α is only required to imprint sounds. Future research will investigate the mechanisms that control visual imprinting and how it differs from imprinting to sounds. DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.17197.002
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Affiliation(s)
- Gervasio Batista
- Dominick P. Purpura Department of Neuroscience, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, United States
| | | | - Elena Dominguez
- Dominick P. Purpura Department of Neuroscience, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, United States
| | | | - Jose L Pena
- Dominick P. Purpura Department of Neuroscience, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, United States
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Smith MR, Burman P, Sadahiro M, Kidd BA, Dudley JT, Morishita H. Integrative Analysis of Disease Signatures Shows Inflammation Disrupts Juvenile Experience-Dependent Cortical Plasticity. eNeuro 2016; 3:ENEURO.0240-16.2016. [PMID: 28101530 PMCID: PMC5241709 DOI: 10.1523/eneuro.0240-16.2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2016] [Revised: 11/01/2016] [Accepted: 11/12/2016] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Throughout childhood and adolescence, periods of heightened neuroplasticity are critical for the development of healthy brain function and behavior. Given the high prevalence of neurodevelopmental disorders, such as autism, identifying disruptors of developmental plasticity represents an essential step for developing strategies for prevention and intervention. Applying a novel computational approach that systematically assessed connections between 436 transcriptional signatures of disease and multiple signatures of neuroplasticity, we identified inflammation as a common pathological process central to a diverse set of diseases predicted to dysregulate plasticity signatures. We tested the hypothesis that inflammation disrupts developmental cortical plasticity in vivo using the mouse ocular dominance model of experience-dependent plasticity in primary visual cortex. We found that the administration of systemic lipopolysaccharide suppressed plasticity during juvenile critical period with accompanying transcriptional changes in a particular set of molecular regulators within primary visual cortex. These findings suggest that inflammation may have unrecognized adverse consequences on the postnatal developmental trajectory and indicate that treating inflammation may reduce the burden of neurodevelopmental disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milo R. Smith
- Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029
- Department of Ophthalmology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029
- Mindich Child Health and Development Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029
- Icahn Institute for Genomics and Multiscale Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029
- Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029
| | - Poromendro Burman
- Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029
- Department of Ophthalmology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029
- Mindich Child Health and Development Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029
- Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029
| | - Masato Sadahiro
- Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029
- Department of Ophthalmology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029
- Mindich Child Health and Development Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029
- Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029
| | - Brian A. Kidd
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029
- Icahn Institute for Genomics and Multiscale Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029
| | - Joel T. Dudley
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029
- Icahn Institute for Genomics and Multiscale Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029
| | - Hirofumi Morishita
- Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029
- Department of Ophthalmology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029
- Mindich Child Health and Development Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029
- Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029
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50
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Marín O. Developmental timing and critical windows for the treatment of psychiatric disorders. Nat Med 2016; 22:1229-1238. [PMID: 27783067 DOI: 10.1038/nm.4225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 219] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2016] [Accepted: 10/05/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
There is a growing understanding that pathological genetic variation and environmental insults during sensitive periods in brain development have long-term consequences on brain function, which range from learning disabilities to complex psychiatric disorders such as schizophrenia. Furthermore, recent experiments in animal models suggest that therapeutic interventions during sensitive periods, typically before the onset of clear neurological and behavioral symptoms, might prevent or ameliorate the development of specific pathologies. These studies suggest that understanding the dynamic nature of the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying psychiatric disorders is crucial for the development of effective therapies. In this Perspective, I explore the emerging concept of developmental windows in psychiatric disorders, their relevance for understanding disease progression and their potential for the design of new therapies. The limitations and caveats of early interventions in psychiatric disorders are also discussed in this context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oscar Marín
- Centre for Developmental Neurobiology, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, United Kingdom.,MRC Centre for Neurodevelopmental Disorders, King's College London, United Kingdom
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